I 
(Acts adopted under the EC Treaty/Euratom Treaty whose publication is obligatory)  
REGULATIONS  
REGULATION (EC) No 661/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL  
of 13 July 2009  
concerning type-approval requirements for the general safety of motor vehicles, their trailers and 
systems, components and separate technical units intended therefor  
(Text with EEA relevance)  
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE 
EUROPEAN UNION,  
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European 
Community, and in particular Article 95 thereof,  
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,  
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and 
Social Committee (  1 ), 
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in 
Article 251 of the Treaty (  2 ), 
Whereas:  
(1) The internal market comprises an area without internal 
frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, 
services and capital is ensured. To that end, a compre ­
hensive Community type-approval system for motor 
vehicles, established by Directive 2007/46/EC of the 
European Parliament and of the Council of 
5 September 2007 establishing a framework for the 
approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of 
systems, components and separate technical units 
intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) (  3 ), is 
in place.  
(2) This Regulation is a separate regulation for the purposes 
of the Community type-approval procedure provided for 
by Directive 2007/46/EC. Therefore, Annexes IV, VI, XI 
and XV to that Directive should be amended accordingly.  (3) This Regulation is without prejudice to the vehicle single- 
step and mixed type-approval procedure set out in 
Article 6 of Directive 2007/46/EC.  
(4) The technical requirements for the type-approval of 
motor vehicles with regard to numerous safety and envi ­
ronmental elements have been harmonised at 
Community level in order to avoid requirements that 
differ from one Member State to another, and to 
ensure a high level of road safety and environmental 
protection throughout the Community.  
(5) Therefore, this Regulation also aims at enhancing the 
competitiveness of the Community automotive industry 
whilst enabling Member States to exercise effective 
market surveillance of compliance with the detailed 
type-approval requirements of this Regulation as 
regards the placing on the market of the products 
concerned.  
(6) It is appropriate to set out requirements regarding both 
the general safety of motor vehicles and the environ ­
mental performance of tyres, due to the availability of 
tyre pressure monitoring systems which enhance at the 
same time the safety and environmental performance of 
tyres.  
(7) Following the request of the European Parliament, a new 
regulatory approach has been applied to Community 
vehicle legislation. This Regulation should therefore lay 
down only fundamental provisions on vehicle safety and 
CO  2 and noise emissions from tyres, whereas the 
technical specifications should be laid down by imple ­
menting measures adopted in accordance with Council 
Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the 
procedures for the exercise of implementing powers 
conferred on the Commission (  4 ).EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/1  
( 1 ) Opinion of 14 January 2009 (not yet published in the Official 
Journal).  
( 2 ) Opinion of the European Parliament of 10 March 2009 (not yet 
published in the Official Journal) and Council Decision of 22 June 
2009.  
( 3 ) OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1.  (  4 ) OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.(8) In particular, the Commission should be empowered to 
establish the specific procedures, tests and requirements 
for the type-approval of motor vehicles, components and 
separate technical units; to define more precisely the 
characteristics a tyre must fulfil to be defined as 
‘special use tyre’, ‘off-road professional tyre’, ‘reinforced 
tyre’, ‘extra load tyre’, ‘snow tyre’, ‘T-type temporary-use 
spare tyre’ or ‘traction tyre’; to set out specific safety 
requirements for vehicles intended for the transport of 
dangerous goods by road within or between Member 
States; to exempt certain vehicles or classes of vehicles 
of categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 from the obligation to 
install advanced emergency braking systems and/or lane 
departure warning systems; to amend the limit values on 
rolling resistance and rolling noise for tyres as a result of 
changes in test procedures without lowering the level of 
protection of the environment; to establish rules on the 
procedure for the determination of noise levels of tyres; 
to shorten the sell-off period for tyres not complying 
with the requirements set out in this Regulation and its 
implementing measures; and to amend Annex IV to 
include the Regulations of the United Nations 
Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE Regulations) 
which are mandatory under Council Decision 97/836/EC 
of 27 November 1997 with a view to accession by the 
European Community to the Agreement of the United 
Nations Economic Commission for Europe concerning 
the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for 
wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be 
fitted to and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the 
conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals 
granted on the basis of these prescriptions (  1 ). Since 
those measures are of general scope and are designed 
to amend non-essential elements of this Regulation, 
inter alia, by supplementing it with new non-essential 
elements, they must be adopted in accordance with the 
regulatory procedure with scrutiny provided for in 
Article 5a of Decision 1999/468/EC.  
(9) In addition to the ongoing Commission initiative aiming 
at defining a road grading system, the Commission 
should, within 12 months of the entry into force of 
this Regulation, bring forward a proposal on the classifi ­
cation of EU roads according to noise generation that 
will complement noise mapping in motor vehicle trans ­
portation with a view to fixing appropriate priorities and 
road surface requirements and setting maximum road 
noise generation limits.  
(10) Technical progress in the area of advanced vehicle safety 
systems offers new possibilities for casualty reduction. In 
order to minimise the number of casualties, it is 
necessary to introduce some of the relevant new tech ­
nologies.  
(11) The mandatory and consistent use of state-of-the art tyre 
manufacturing technologies and low rolling resistance 
tyres is essential to reduce the share of greenhouse gas 
emissions of road traffic in the transport sector, while at the same time promoting innovation, employment and 
the competitiveness of the Community automotive 
industry.  
(12) In order to simplify type-approval legislation in line with 
the recommendations contained in the final report of the 
CARS 21 High Level Group, it is appropriate to repeal 
several Directives without reducing the level of protection 
of road users. The requirements set out in those 
Directives should be carried over to this Regulation and 
should be replaced, where appropriate, with references to 
the corresponding UNECE Regulations, as incorporated 
into Community law in accordance with Decision 
97/836/EC. To reduce the administrative burden of the 
type-approval process, it is appropriate to allow vehicle 
manufacturers to obtain type-approval for the purposes 
of this Regulation, where appropriate, by means of 
obtaining approval in accordance with the relevant 
UNECE Regulation as listed in Annex IV to this Regu ­
lation.  
(13) It is appropriate that vehicles be designed, constructed 
and assembled so as to minimise the risk of injury to 
their occupants and other road users. For this purpose, it 
is necessary that manufacturers ensure that vehicles 
comply with the relevant requirements set out in this 
Regulation and its implementing measures. Those 
provisions should include, but not be limited to, 
requirements relating to vehicle structural integrity, 
systems to aid the driver’s control of the vehicle, 
systems to provide the driver with visibility and 
information on the state of the vehicle and the 
surrounding area, vehicle lighting systems, vehicle 
occupant protection systems, the vehicle exterior and 
accessories, vehicle masses and dimensions, vehicle 
tyres and advanced vehicle systems and various other 
items. In addition, it is necessary that vehicles comply 
with specific provisions relating to certain goods vehicles 
and their trailers, or specific provisions relating to buses, 
as the case may be.  
(14) The timetable for the introduction of specific new 
requirements for the type-approval of vehicles should 
take into account the technical feasibility of those 
requirements. In general, the requirements should 
initially apply only to new types of vehicle. Existing 
types of vehicle should be allowed an additional time 
period to comply with the requirements. Furthermore, 
mandatory installation of tyre pressure monitoring 
systems should initially apply only to passenger cars. 
Mandatory installation of other advanced safety features 
should initially apply only to heavy goods vehicles.  
(15) The Commission should continue to assess the technical 
and economic feasibility and market maturity of other 
advanced safety features, and present a report, including, 
if appropriate, proposals for amendment to this Regu ­
lation, by 1 December 2012, and every three years there ­
after.EN L 200/2 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009  
( 1 ) OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78.(16) The Commission should assess the feasibility of 
extending the mandatory installation of tyre pressure 
monitoring systems, lane departure warning systems 
and advanced emergency braking systems to other 
categories of vehicle and, if appropriate, propose an 
amendment to this Regulation.  
(17) The Commission should assess the feasibility of 
strengthening the requirements for wet grip for tyres, 
and if appropriate, propose an amendment to this Regu ­
lation. Member States should ensure effective market 
surveillance.  
(18) The full potential of increasing safety, reducing CO  2 
emissions and lowering traffic noise can only be 
achieved in combination with a labelling scheme aimed 
at informing consumers of the performance of tyres.  
(19) It is appropriate to implement the measures announced 
in the Communication from the Commission of 
7 February 2007 entitled ‘Results of the review of the 
Community Strategy to reduce CO  2 emissions from 
passenger cars and light-commercial vehicles’ aiming at 
reducing CO  2 emissions from tyres. This reduction 
should be achieved through a combination of low 
rolling resistance tyres and the use of tyre pressure moni ­
toring systems. At the same time, it is also appropriate to 
set out requirements aiming at reducing tyre road noise 
and wet grip requirements ensuring that tyre safety levels 
are maintained. The related implementation timetable 
should reflect the degree of challenge in meeting all of 
those requirements. In particular, due to the challenge in 
meeting the requirements regarding rolling noise and 
taking into account the time needed by industry to 
replace existing lines of tyres, it is appropriate to 
provide for a longer period for implementation of 
rolling noise requirements with regard to new tyres of 
existing types.  
(20) Some categories of tyres, including professional off-road 
tyres which are subject to a speed restriction and tyres 
intended only for vehicles registered before 1990, are 
likely to be produced in very small quantities. Therefore, 
it is appropriate to exempt such categories of tyres from 
certain requirements set out in this Regulation and its 
implementing measures, where such requirements are 
incompatible with the use of the tyres, or where the 
additional burden imposed by them is disproportionate.  
(21) With regard to retreaded tyres, the Commission should 
make a proper assessment of this sector, involving all 
stakeholders, and evaluate whether there is any need to 
adapt the regulatory regime.  
(22) It is appropriate to establish allowances with regard to 
some of the rolling resistance or rolling noise limit values 
for certain specific categories of tyres to take into 
account their design or performance characteristics. In particular, it is appropriate to establish such allowances 
for tyres designed to have improved traction and braking 
performance in severe snow conditions.  
(23) Special use tyres are employed on vehicles accessing 
construction, logging and mining sites and are 
therefore primarily designed to give better performance 
off-road than tyres intended for road use only. To 
achieve this performance, they are constructed from 
materials that enable them to better resist damage than 
normal tyres, and have a block tread pattern. As both of 
these essential design features cause special use tyres to 
generate more noise than normal tyres, they should be 
permitted to emit more noise than normal tyres.  
(24) Electronic stability control systems, advanced emergency 
braking systems and lane departure warning systems 
have a high potential to considerably reduce casualties. 
Therefore, requirements for such systems should be 
established by the Commission in line with UNECE 
Regulations for those vehicle categories in which their 
application is appropriate and for which it is demon ­
strated that they will improve the overall level of 
safety. Sufficient lead time until implementation of 
these requirements should be provided for in order to 
allow for implementation measures to be adopted, and 
subsequently for development and in-vehicle application 
of these complex technologies.  
(25) With effect from 2011 for new type approvals and from 
2014 for new vehicles, the implementation deadlines for 
the mandatory fitting of electronic stability control 
systems on heavy duty vehicles should follow the dates 
set out in this Regulation.  
(26) Until electronic stability control systems are introduced, 
the Commission should take measures and run 
campaigns to provide information on their effectiveness 
and to promote their sale. In addition, the Commission 
should monitor price developments to ascertain whether 
the price of new cars is being disproportionately 
increased as a result of equipping them to meet new 
safety standards.  
(27) Future measures proposed on the basis of this Regulation 
or procedures to be implemented in application of it 
should comply with the principles set out by the 
Commission in its Communication of 7 February 2007 
entitled ‘A Competitive Automotive Regulatory 
Framework for the 21st Century’. In particular, for the 
purposes of better regulation and simplification and in 
order to avoid constant updating of existing Community 
legislation on issues of technical specifications, this Regu ­
lation should make references to existing international 
standards and regulations without reproducing them in 
the Community legal framework.EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/3(28) It is important that replacement components for systems 
which are covered by this Regulation be subject to 
equivalent safety requirements and approval procedures. 
Therefore it is appropriate to provide for the approval of 
replacement components and separate technical units.  
(29) Member States should lay down rules on penalties 
applicable to infringements of the provisions of this 
Regulation and ensure that they are implemented. 
Those penalties should be effective, proportionate and 
dissuasive.  
(30) This Regulation relates to Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 
20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with 
respect to emissions from light passenger and 
commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access 
to vehicle repair and maintenance information (  1 ) and to 
Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European 
Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 
setting emission performance standards for new 
passenger cars as part of the Community’s integrated 
approach to reduce CO  2 emissions from light-duty 
vehicles (  2 ). In particular, the measures of this Regulation 
regarding the reduction of CO  2 emissions should be 
linked as far as possible to the additional measures for 
achieving a further reduction of 10g CO  2 on the basis of 
the 130 g CO  2 emissions target.  
(31) The Commission should in due course propose, as a 
more integrated approach, further amendments to this 
Regulation or submit other proposals pursuant to a 
comprehensive impact assessment which addresses all 
possible additional measures aimed at achieving the 
desired CO  2 emissions targets and which covers other 
available technologies on the market, including tyre 
pressure retention technologies, improvement to road 
surfaces and any other relevant new technology, as well 
as requirements regarding air conditioning efficiency, 
which already do have or could have a clear effect on 
tyre rolling resistance or vehicle fuel economy and CO  2 
emissions.  
(32) A coherent and comprehensive approach should be 
implemented to address the problem of road noise. 
With respect to the significant contribution of road 
surfaces to road noise, ISO 10844 is currently being 
revised and should be considered in this context with 
the objective of further optimising road surfaces. 
Member States should invest more heavily under the 
existing ISO standards in order to improve their road 
surfaces. Furthermore, a comprehensive noise emissions 
policy covering all transport systems should be 
developed, covering aviation and rail noise in addition 
to road transport noise.  (33) With effect from the dates of application to new vehicles, 
new components and separate technical units of the 
relevant requirements set out in this Regulation, the 
following Directives should therefore be repealed:  
— Council Directive 70/221/EEC of 20 March 1970 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to fuel tanks and rear underrun protection of 
motor vehicles and their trailers (  3 ), 
— Council Directive 70/222/EEC of 20 March 1970 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the space for mounting and the fixing of 
rear registration plates on motor vehicles and their 
trailers (  4 ), 
— Council Directive 70/311/EEC of 8 June 1970 on the 
approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the steering equipment for motor 
vehicles and their trailers (  5 ), 
— Council Directive 70/387/EEC of 27 July 1970 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the doors of motor vehicles and 
their trailers (  6 ), 
— Council Directive 70/388/EEC of 27 July 1970 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to audible warning devices for motor 
vehicles (  7 ), 
— Council Directive 71/320/EEC of 26 July 1971 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the braking devices of certain 
categories of motor vehicles and of their trailers (  8 ), 
— Council Directive 72/245/EEC of 20 June 1972 
relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic 
compatibility) of vehicles (  9 ), 
— Council Directive 74/60/EEC of 17 December 1973 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the interior fittings of motor 
vehicles (  10 ),EN L 200/4 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009  
( 1 ) OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 1.  
( 2 ) OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 1.  ( 3 ) OJ L 76, 6.4.1970, p. 23.  
( 4 ) OJ L 76, 6.4.1970, p. 25.  
( 5 ) OJ L 133, 18.6.1970, p. 10.  
( 6 ) OJ L 176, 10.8.1970, p. 5.  
( 7 ) OJ L 176, 10.8.1970, p. 12.  
( 8 ) OJ L 202, 6.9.1971, p. 37.  
( 9 ) OJ L 152, 6.7.1972, p. 15.  
( 10 ) OJ L 38, 11.2.1974, p. 2.— Council Directive 74/61/EEC of 17 December 1973 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to devices to prevent the unauthorized 
use of motor vehicles (  1 ), 
— Council Directive 74/297/EEC of 4 June 1974 on the 
approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the interior fittings of motor vehicles 
(the behaviour of the steering mechanism in the 
event of an impact) (  2 ), 
— Council Directive 74/408/EEC of 22 July 1974 
relating to motor vehicles with regard to the seats, 
their anchorages and head restraints (  3 ), 
— Council Directive 74/483/EEC of 17 September 1974 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the external projections of motor 
vehicles (  4 ), 
— Council Directive 75/443/EEC of 26 June 1975 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the reverse and speedometer equipment of 
motor vehicles (  5 ), 
— Council Directive 76/114/EEC of 18 December 1975 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to statutory plates and inscriptions 
for motor vehicles and their trailers, and their 
location and method of attachment (  6 ), 
— Council Directive 76/115/EEC of 18 December 1975 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to anchorages for motor-vehicle 
safety belts (  7 ), 
— Council Directive 76/756/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the installation of lighting and 
light-signalling devices on motor vehicles and their 
trailers (  8 ), 
— Council Directive 76/757/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to retro-reflectors for motor vehicles 
and their trailers (  9 ), — Council Directive 76/758/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the end-outline marker lamps, 
front position (side) lamps, rear position (side) 
lamps, stop lamps, daytime running lamps and side 
marker lamps for motor vehicles and their 
trailers (  10 ), 
— Council Directive 76/759/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to direction indicator lamps for 
motor vehicles and their trailers (  11 ), 
— Council Directive 76/760/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the rear registration plate lamps 
for motor vehicles and their trailers (  12 ), 
— Council Directive 76/761/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to motor vehicle headlamps which 
function as main-beam and/or dipped-beam 
headlamps and to light sources (filament lamps and 
others) for use in approved lamp units of motor 
vehicles and of their trailers (  13 ), 
— Council Directive 76/762/EEC of 27 July 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to front fog lamps for motor 
vehicles (  14 ), 
— Council Directive 77/389/EEC of 17 May 1977 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to motor-vehicle towing-devices (  15 ), 
— Council Directive 77/538/EEC of 28 June 1977 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to rear fog lamps for motor vehicles and 
their trailers (  16 ), 
— Council Directive 77/539/EEC of 28 June 1977 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to reversing lamps for motor vehicles and 
their trailers (  17 ), 
— Council Directive 77/540/EEC of 28 June 1977 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to parking lamps for motor vehicles (  18 ),EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/5  
( 1 ) OJ L 38, 11.2.1974, p. 22.  
( 2 ) OJ L 165, 20.6.1974, p. 16.  
( 3 ) OJ L 221, 12.8.1974, p. 1.  
( 4 ) OJ L 266, 2.10.1974, p. 4.  
( 5 ) OJ L 196, 26.7.1975, p. 1.  
( 6 ) OJ L 24, 30.1.1976, p. 1.  
( 7 ) OJ L 24, 30.1.1976, p. 6.  
( 8 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 1.  
( 9 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 32.  ( 10 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 54.  
( 11 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 71.  
( 12 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 85.  
( 13 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 96.  
( 14 ) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 122.  
( 15 ) OJ L 145, 13.6.1977, p. 41.  
( 16 ) OJ L 220, 29.8.1977, p. 60.  
( 17 ) OJ L 220, 29.8.1977, p. 72.  
( 18 ) OJ L 220, 29.8.1977, p. 83.— Council Directive 77/541/EEC of 28 June 1977 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to safety belts and restraint systems of motor 
vehicles (  1 ), 
— Council Directive 77/649/EEC of 27 September 1977 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the field of vision of motor 
vehicle drivers (  2 ), 
— Council Directive 78/316/EEC of 21 December 1977 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the interior fittings of motor 
vehicles (identification of controls, tell-tales and indi ­
cators) (  3 ), 
— Council Directive 78/317/EEC of 21 December 1977 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the defrosting and demisting 
systems of glazed surfaces of motor vehicles (  4 ), 
— Council Directive 78/318/EEC of 21 December 1977 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to the wiper and washer systems of 
motor vehicles (  5 ), 
— Council Directive 78/549/EEC of 12 June 1978 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the wheel guards of motor vehicles (  6 ), 
— Council Directive 78/932/EEC of 16 October 1978 
on the approximation of the laws of the Member 
States relating to head restraints of seats of motor 
vehicles (  7 ), 
— Council Directive 89/297/EEC of 13 April 1989 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the lateral protection (side guards) of 
certain motor vehicles and their trailers (  8 ), 
— Council Directive 91/226/EEC of 27 March 1991 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the spray-suppression systems of certain 
categories of motor vehicles and their trailers (  9 ), 
— Council Directive 92/21/EEC of 31 March 1992 on 
the masses and dimensions of motor vehicles of 
category M  1 ( 10 ), — Council Directive 92/22/EEC of 31 March 1992 on 
safety glazing and glazing materials on motor 
vehicles and their trailers (  11 ), 
— Council Directive 92/23/EEC of 31 March 1992 
relating to tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers 
and to their fitting (  12 ), 
— Council Directive 92/24/EEC of 31 March 1992 
relating to speed limitation devices or similar speed 
limitation on-board systems of certain categories of 
motor vehicles (  13 ), 
— Council Directive 92/114/EEC of 17 December 1992 
relating to the external projections forward of the 
cab’s rear panel of motor vehicles of category N (  14 ), 
— Directive 94/20/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 30 May 1994 relating to the 
mechanical coupling devices of motor vehicles and 
their trailers and their attachment to those 
vehicles (  15 ), 
— Directive 95/28/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 24 October 1995 relating to the 
burning behaviour of materials used in the interior 
construction of certain categories of motor 
vehicle (  16 ), 
— Directive 96/27/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 20 May 1996 on the protection of 
occupants of motor vehicles in the event of a side 
impact and amending Directive 70/156/EEC (  17 ), 
— Directive 96/79/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 16 December 1996 on the 
protection of occupants of motor vehicles in the 
event of a frontal impact and amending Directive 
70/156/EEC (  18 ), 
— Directive 97/27/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 22 July 1997 relating to the masses 
and dimensions of certain categories of motor 
vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 
70/156/EEC (  19 ),EN L 200/6 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009  
( 1 ) OJ L 220, 29.8.1977, p. 95.  
( 2 ) OJ L 267, 19.10.1977, p. 1.  
( 3 ) OJ L 81, 28.3.1978, p. 3.  
( 4 ) OJ L 81, 28.3.1978, p. 27.  
( 5 ) OJ L 81, 28.3.1978, p. 49.  
( 6 ) OJ L 168, 26.6.1978, p. 45.  
( 7 ) OJ L 325, 20.11.1978, p. 1.  
( 8 ) OJ L 124, 5.5.1989, p. 1.  
( 9 ) OJ L 103, 23.4.1991, p. 5.  
( 10 ) OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 1.  ( 11 ) OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 11.  
( 12 ) OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 95.  
( 13 ) OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 154.  
( 14 ) OJ L 409, 31.12.1992, p. 17.  
( 15 ) OJ L 195, 29.7.1994, p. 1.  
( 16 ) OJ L 281, 23.11.1995, p. 1.  
( 17 ) OJ L 169, 8.7.1996, p. 1.  
( 18 ) OJ L 18, 21.1.1997, p. 7.  
( 19 ) OJ L 233, 25.8.1997, p. 1.— Directive 98/91/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council of 14 December 1998 relating to 
motor vehicles and their trailers intended for the 
transport of dangerous goods by road and 
amending Directive 70/156/EEC relating to the type 
approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (  1 ), 
— Directive 2000/40/EC of the European Parliament 
and of the Council of 26 June 2000 on the approxi ­
mation of the laws of the Member States relating to 
the front underrun protection of motor vehicles and 
amending Council Directive 70/156/EEC (  2 ), 
— Directive 2001/56/EC of the European Parliament 
and of the Council of 27 September 2001 relating 
to heating systems for motor vehicles and their 
trailers, amending Council Directive 70/156/EEC 
and repealing Council Directive 78/548/EEC (  3 ), 
— Directive 2001/85/EC of the European Parliament 
and of the Council of 20 November 2001 relating 
to special provisions for vehicles used for the carriage 
of passengers comprising more than eight seats in 
addition to the driver’s seat, and amending Directives 
70/156/EEC and 97/27/EC (  4 ), 
— Directive 2003/97/EC of the European Parliament 
and of the Council of 10 November 2003 on the 
approximation of the laws of the Member States 
relating to the type-approval of devices for indirect 
vision and of vehicles equipped with these devices, 
amending Directive 70/156/EEC and repealing 
Directive 71/127/EEC (  5 ). 
(34) Since the objective of this Regulation, namely the 
achievement of the internal market through the intro ­
duction of common technical requirements concerning 
the safety and environmental performance of motor 
vehicles and tyres, cannot be sufficiently achieved by 
the Member States and can therefore, by reason of its 
scale, be better achieved at Community level, the 
Community may adopt measures, in accordance with 
the principle of subsidiarity, as set out in Article 5 of 
the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of propor ­
tionality, as set out in that Article, this Regulation does 
not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that 
objective,  HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:  
CHAPTER I  
SUBJECT MATTER, SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS  
Article 1  
Subject matter  
This Regulation establishes requirements:  
1. for the type-approval of motor vehicles, their trailers and 
systems, components and separate technical units intended 
therefor with regard to their safety,  
2. for the type-approval of motor vehicles, in respect of tyre 
pressure monitoring systems, with regard to their safety, fuel 
efficiency and CO  2 emissions and, in respect of gear shift 
indicators, with regard to their fuel efficiency and CO  2 
emissions; and  
3. for the type-approval of newly-manufactured tyres with 
regard to their safety, rolling resistance performance and 
rolling noise emissions.  
Article 2  
Scope  
This Regulation shall apply to vehicles of categories M, N and O 
and systems, components and separate technical units intended 
therefor as defined in Section A of Annex II to Directive 
2007/46/EC, subject to Articles 5 to 12 of this Regulation.  
Article 3  
Definitions  
For the purposes of this Regulation, the definitions laid down in 
Article 3 of Directive 2007/46/EC shall apply.  
In addition, the following definitions shall apply:  
1. ‘electronic stability control’ means an electronic control 
function for a vehicle which improves the dynamic 
stability of the vehicle;  
2. ‘class I M  2 or M  3 vehicle’ means an M  2 or M  3 vehicle with a 
capacity exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the driver 
constructed with areas for standing passengers to allow 
frequent passenger movement;  
3. ‘class A M  2 or M  3 vehicle’ means an M  2 or M  3 vehicle with 
a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers, in addition to the 
driver, designed to carry standing passengers and having 
seats and provision for standing passengers;  
4. ‘lane departure warning system’ means a system to warn 
the driver of unintentional drift of the vehicle out of its 
travel lane;EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/7  
( 1 ) OJ L 11, 16.1.1999, p. 25.  
( 2 ) OJ L 203, 10.8.2000, p. 9.  
( 3 ) OJ L 292, 9.11.2001, p. 21.  
( 4 ) OJ L 42, 13.2.2002, p. 1.  
( 5 ) OJ L 25, 29.1.2004, p. 1.5. ‘advanced emergency braking system’ means a system 
which can automatically detect an emergency situation 
and activate the vehicle braking system to decelerate the 
vehicle with the purpose of avoiding or mitigating a 
collision;  
6. ‘load-capacity index’ means one or two numbers which 
indicate the load the tyre can carry in single or in single 
and dual formation at the speed corresponding to the 
associated speed category and when used in conformity 
with requirements specified by the manufacturer;  
7. ‘tyre pressure monitoring system’ means a system fitted on 
a vehicle which can evaluate the pressure of the tyres or the 
variation of pressure over time and transmit corresponding 
information to the user while the vehicle is running;  
8. ‘special use tyre’ means a tyre intended for mixed use both 
on- and off-road or for other special duty;  
9. ‘off-road professional tyre’ means a special use tyre 
primarily used in severe off-road conditions;  
10. ‘reinforced tyre’ or ‘extra load tyre’ means a C1 pneumatic 
tyre structure in which the carcass is designed to carry a 
greater load than the corresponding standard tyre;  
11. ‘snow tyre’ means a tyre whose tread pattern, tread 
compound or structure is primarily designed to achieve 
in snow conditions a performance better than that of a 
normal tyre with regard to its ability to initiate or 
maintain vehicle motion;  
12. ‘T-type temporary-use spare tyre’ means a temporary-use 
spare tyre designed for use at inflation pressures higher 
than those established for standard and reinforced tyres;  
13. ‘traction tyre’ means a tyre of classes C2 or C3 bearing the 
inscription ‘M + S’, ‘M.S.’ or ‘M&S’ and intended to be fitted 
to a vehicle drive axle or axles;  
14. ‘unprotected road user’ means pedestrians, cyclists and 
motorcyclists;  
15. ‘gear shift indicator’ or ‘GSI’ means a visible indicator 
recommending that the driver shift gear;  
16. ‘manual gearbox’ means a gearbox that can be operated in 
a mode where the shift between all or some of the gears is 
always an immediate consequence of an action of the 
driver, regardless of its physical implementation; this does 
not cover systems where the driver can only preselect a 
certain gear shift strategy or limit the number of gears 
available for driving, and where the actual gear shifts are 
initiated independently of the decision of the driver 
according to certain driving patterns.  CHAPTER II  
OBLIGATIONS OF MANUFACTURERS  
Article 4  
General obligations  
1. Manufacturers shall demonstrate that all new vehicles sold, 
registered or put into service within the Community are type- 
approved in accordance with this Regulation and its imple ­
menting measures.  
2. Manufacturers may choose to apply for type-approval 
with regard to all the systems, and the installation of all the 
components and separate technical units covered by this Regu ­
lation, or for type-approval with regard to one or more systems 
and the installation of one or more components and one or 
more separate technical units covered by this Regulation. Type- 
approval in accordance with the UNECE Regulations listed in 
Annex IV shall be considered as EC type-approval in accordance 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
3. Manufacturers shall demonstrate that all new systems, 
components and separate technical units sold or put into 
service within the Community are type-approved in accordance 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
Article 5  
General requirements and tests  
1. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles are designed, 
constructed and assembled so as to minimise the risk of 
injury to vehicle occupants and other road users.  
2. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles, systems, 
components and separate technical units comply with the 
relevant requirements set out in this Regulation and its imple ­
menting measures, including the requirements relating to:  
(a) vehicle structure integrity, including impact tests;  
(b) systems to aid the driver’s control of the vehicle, including 
steering, braking and electronic stability control systems;  
(c) systems to provide the driver with visibility and 
information on the state of the vehicle and the surrounding 
area, including glazing, mirrors and driver information 
systems;  
(d) vehicle lighting systems;  
(e) vehicle occupant protection, including interior fittings, head 
restraints, seat belts, ‘ISOfix’ anchorages or built-in child 
restraints and vehicle doors;  
(f) the vehicle exterior and accessories;  
(g) electromagnetic compatibility;EN L 200/8 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009(h) audible warning devices;  
(i) heating systems;  
(j) devices to prevent unauthorised use;  
(k) vehicle identification systems;  
(l) masses and dimensions;  
(m) electrical safety;  
(n) gear shift indicators.  
3. The requirements referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall 
apply to vehicles and systems, components and separate 
technical units intended therefor, as specified in Annex I.  
Article 6  
Specific requirements relating to certain vehicles of 
categories N and O  
1. In addition to the requirements contained in Articles 5, 8, 
9, 10 and 12 and the implementing measures thereof, vehicles 
of categories N and O shall, where relevant, meet the 
requirements set out in paragraphs 2 to 5 of this Article and 
the implementing measures thereof.  
2. Vehicles of categories N  2 and N  3 shall be constructed to 
ensure that, in the event of a front collision with another 
vehicle, the risk of injury to a vehicle occupant due to 
underrun is minimised.  
3. Vehicles of categories N  2 , N  3 , O  3 and O  4 shall be 
constructed to ensure that, in the event of the vehicle being 
hit from the side by an unprotected road user, the risk of injury 
to that unprotected road user due to underrun is minimised.  
4. The vehicle cab or the space provided for the driver and 
passengers shall be of sufficient strength to offer protection to 
the occupants in the event of an impact, taking account of 
UNECE Regulation 29.  
5. Vehicles of categories N  2 , N  3 , O  3 and O  4 shall be 
constructed so as to minimise the effect of spray emissions 
from the vehicle on the ability of drivers of other vehicles to 
see. 
Article 7  
Specific requirements relating to vehicles of categories M  2 
and M  3 
1. In addition to the requirements contained in Articles 5, 8, 
9, 10 and 12 and the implementing measures thereof, vehicles of categories M  2 and M  3 shall meet the requirements set out in 
paragraphs 2 to 5 of this Article and the implementing 
measures thereof.  
2. The carrying capacity of a vehicle, including seated and 
standing passengers and wheelchair users, shall be appropriate 
to the mass, size and layout of the vehicle.  
3. Vehicle bodies shall be designed and constructed so as to 
enable the vehicle to be operated in a safe and stable manner, 
even at full capacity. Suitable provisions shall be made to ensure 
safe access to and exit from the vehicle, particularly in the case 
of an emergency.  
4. Vehicles of Class I shall be accessible for people with 
reduced mobility, including wheelchair users.  
5. Materials used in the construction of the inside of bus and 
coach bodywork shall, as far as possible, prevent or at least 
retard fire in order to allow occupants to evacuate the vehicle 
in the event of fire.  
Article 8  
Classification of tyres  
1. Tyres shall be classified as follows:  
(a) class C1 tyres — tyres designed primarily for vehicles of 
categories M  1 , N  1 , O  1 and O  2 ; 
(b) class C2 tyres — tyres designed primarily for vehicles of 
categories M  2 , M  3 , N, O  3 and O  4 with a load capacity index 
in single formation ≤ 121 and the speed category symbol ≥ 
‘N’; 
(c) class C3 tyres — tyres designed primarily for vehicles of 
categories M  2 , M  3 , N, O  3 and O  4 with one of the 
following load capacity indices:  
(i) a load capacity index in single formation ≤ 121 and the 
speed category symbol ≤ ‘M’;  
(ii) a load capacity index in single formation ≥ 122.  
A tyre may be classified in more than one class provided that it 
meets all the relevant requirements of each class in which it is 
classified.  
2. The list of load-capacity indices and their corresponding 
masses contained in UNECE Regulations 30 and 54 shall apply.EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/9Article 9  
Specific provisions relating to vehicle tyres, installation of 
tyres and tyre pressure monitoring systems  
1. All tyres provided as part of the equipment of a vehicle, 
including, where appropriate, any spare tyres, shall be suitable 
for use on the vehicles for which they are intended, particularly 
with regard to their dimensions, speed and load performance 
characteristics.  
2. Vehicles of category M  1 shall be equipped with an 
accurate tyre pressure monitoring system capable of giving, 
when necessary, an in-car warning to the driver when a loss 
of pressure occurs in any tyre, in the interests of optimum fuel 
consumption and road safety. Appropriate limits in the 
technical specifications shall be set to achieve this, which shall 
furthermore allow for a technology-neutral and cost-effective 
approach in the development of accurate tyre pressure moni ­
toring systems.  
3. All C1 tyres shall meet the wet grip requirements 
contained in Part A of Annex II.  
4. All tyres shall meet the rolling resistance requirements 
contained in Part B of Annex II.  
5. All tyres shall meet the rolling noise requirements 
contained in Part C of Annex II.  
6. Paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 shall not apply to:  
(a) tyres whose speed rating is less than 80 km/h;  
(b) tyres whose nominal rim diameter does not exceed 254 
mm or is 635 mm or more;  
(c) T-type temporary-use spare tyres;  
(d) tyres designed only to be fitted to vehicles registered for the 
first time before 1 October 1990;  
(e) tyres fitted with additional devices to improve traction prop ­
erties.  
7. The requirements regarding rolling resistance and rolling 
noise set out in Parts B and C of Annex II shall not apply to 
off-road professional tyres.  
Article 10  
Advanced vehicle systems  
1. Subject to exemptions established in accordance with 
Article 14(3)(a), vehicles of categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 
shall be equipped with an advanced emergency braking 
system which shall meet the requirements of this Regulation 
and its implementing measures.  2. Subject to exemptions established in accordance with 
Article 14(3)(a), vehicles of categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 
shall be equipped with a lane departure warning system 
which shall meet the requirements of this Regulation and its 
implementing measures.  
Article 11  
Gear shift indicators  
Vehicles of category M  1 with a reference mass not exceeding 
2 610 kg and vehicles to which type-approval is extended in 
accordance with Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 
which are fitted with a manual gearbox shall be equipped with 
gear shift indicators in accordance with the requirements of this 
Regulation and its implementing measures.  
Article 12  
Electronic stability control systems  
1. Vehicles of categories M  1 and N  1 shall be equipped with 
an electronic stability control system meeting the requirements 
of this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
2. With the exception of off-road vehicles as defined in 
points 4.2 and 4.3 of Section A of Annex II to Directive 
2007/46/EC, the following vehicles shall be equipped with an 
electronic stability control system meeting the requirements of 
this Regulation and its implementing measures:  
(a) vehicles of categories M  2 and M  3 , except for those with 
more than three axles, articulated buses and coaches, and 
buses of Class I or Class A;  
(b) vehicles of categories N  2 and N  3 except for those with more 
than three axles, tractors for semi-trailers with a gross 
vehicle mass between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes, and special 
purpose vehicles as defined in points 5.7 and 5.8 of 
Section A of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC;  
(c) vehicles of categories O  3 and O  4 equipped with air 
suspension, except for those with more than three axles, 
trailers for exceptional load transport and trailers with 
areas for standing passengers.  
CHAPTER III  
OBLIGATIONS OF THE MEMBER STATES  
Article 13  
Type-approval of vehicles, components and separate 
technical units  
1. With effect from 1 November 2011, national authorities 
shall refuse, on grounds relating to electronic stability control 
systems, to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval in 
respect of new types of vehicle of categories M  1 and N  1 which 
do not comply with this Regulation and its implementing 
measures.EN L 200/10 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009Following the implementation dates set out in Table 1 of Annex 
V, national authorities shall refuse, on grounds relating to elec ­
tronic stability control systems, to grant EC type-approval or 
national type-approval in respect of new types of vehicle of 
categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 , N  3 , O  3 and O  4 , which do not comply 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
2. With effect from 1 November 2012, national authorities 
shall refuse to grant on grounds relating to the areas of vehicle 
safety and tyres covered by Articles 5 to 8, Article 9(2) and 
Article 11:  
(a) EC type-approval or national type-approval in respect of 
new types of vehicle of the categories specified in those 
Articles and their implementing measures, where such 
vehicles do not comply with this Regulation and its imple ­
menting measures; and  
(b) EC component/separate technical unit type-approval in 
respect of new types of components or separate technical 
units intended for such vehicles, where such components or 
separate technical units do not comply with this Regulation 
and its implementing measures.  
3. With effect from 1 November 2012, national authorities 
shall refuse, on grounds relating to the areas of tyres covered by 
Article 9(1) and (3) to (7) and Annex II, with the exception of 
the rolling resistance limit values set out in Table 2 of Part B of 
Annex II, to grant EC component/separate technical unit type- 
approval in respect of new types of tyre which do not comply 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
With effect from 1 November 2013, national authorities shall 
refuse, on grounds relating to the areas of tyres covered by 
Article 9(1) and (3) to (7) and Annex II, with the exception 
of the rolling resistance limit values set out in Table 2 of Part B 
of Annex II, to grant EC type-approval or national type- 
approval in respect of new types of vehicle of the categories 
M, N and O which do not comply with this Regulation and its 
implementing measures.  
4. Following the implementation dates set out in Table 2 of 
Annex V, national authorities shall, on grounds relating to elec ­
tronic stability control systems, consider certificates of 
conformity for new vehicles of categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 , N  3 , O  3 
and O  4 to be no longer valid for the purposes of Article 26 of 
Directive 2007/46/EC, and shall prohibit the registration, sale 
and entry into service of such vehicles, where such vehicles do 
not comply with this Regulation and its implementing 
measures.  
5. With effect from 1 November 2014, national authorities 
shall, on grounds relating to the areas of vehicle safety and tyres 
covered by Articles 5, 6, 7 and 8, Article 9(1) to (4), Article 11, 
Article 12(1) and Parts A and B of Annex II, with the exception 
of the rolling resistance limit values for C3 tyres and the rolling 
resistance limit values set out in Table 2 of Part B of Annex II:  (a) consider certificates of conformity for new vehicles of the 
categories specified in those Articles to be no longer valid 
for the purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and 
prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of such 
vehicles, where such vehicles do not comply with this Regu ­
lation and its implementing measures; and  
(b) prohibit the sale and entry into service of new components 
or separate technical units intended for such vehicles, where 
such components or separate technical units do not comply 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
6. With effect from 1 November 2016, national authorities 
shall, on grounds relating to tyre rolling noise and, in the case 
of C3 tyres, also on grounds relating to tyre rolling resistance, 
with the exception of the rolling resistance limit values set out 
in Table 2 of Part B of Annex II:  
(a) consider certificates of conformity for new vehicles of 
categories M, N and O to be no longer valid for the 
purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and 
prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of 
such vehicles, where such vehicles do not comply with 
this Regulation and its implementing measures; and  
(b) prohibit the sale and entry into service of new tyres 
intended for such vehicles, where such tyres do not 
comply with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
7. With effect from 1 November 2016 national authorities 
shall refuse, on grounds relating to tyre rolling resistance, to 
grant EC component/separate technical unit type-approval in 
respect of new types of tyres which do not comply with the 
rolling resistance limit values set out in Table 2 of Part B of 
Annex II.  
8. With effect from 1 November 2017 national authorities 
shall refuse, on grounds relating to tyre rolling resistance, to 
grant EC type-approval or national type-approval in respect of 
new types of vehicle of categories M, N and O which do not 
comply with the rolling resistance limit values set out in Table 2 
of Part B of Annex II.  
9. With effect from 1 November 2018 national authorities 
shall:  
(a) on grounds relating to the rolling resistance limit values of 
C1 and C2 tyres set out in Table 2 of Part B of Annex II, 
consider certificates of conformity for new vehicles of 
categories M, N and O to be no longer valid for the 
purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and 
prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of 
such vehicles, where such vehicles do not comply with 
this Regulation and its implementing measures; andEN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/11(b) prohibit the sale and entry into service of new tyres 
intended for such vehicles, where such tyres do not 
comply with the rolling resistance limit values set out in 
Table 2 of Part B of Annex II.  
10. With effect from 1 November 2020 national authorities 
shall:  
(a) on grounds relating to the rolling resistance limit values of 
C3 tyres set out in Table 2 of Part B of Annex II, consider 
certificates of conformity for new vehicles of categories M, 
N and O to be no longer valid for the purposes of 
Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and prohibit the regis ­
tration, sale and entry into service of such vehicles, where 
such vehicles do not comply with this Regulation and its 
implementing measures; and  
(b) prohibit the sale and entry into service of new tyres 
intended for such vehicles, where such tyres do not 
comply with the rolling resistance limit values set out in 
Table 2 of Part B of Annex II.  
11. C1, C2 and C3 tyres that were manufactured prior to the 
dates set out in paragraphs 5, 6, 9 and 10 and which do not 
comply with the requirements of Annex II may be sold for a 
period not exceeding 30 months from those dates.  
12. With effect from 1 November 2013 national authorities 
shall refuse, on grounds relating to the areas of vehicle safety 
covered in Article 10, to grant EC type-approval or national 
type-approval in respect of new types of vehicle of categories 
M 2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 , where such vehicles do not comply with 
this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
13. With effect from 1 November 2015 national authorities 
shall, on grounds relating to vehicle safety covered in 
Article 10, consider certificates of conformity for new vehicles 
of categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 to be no longer valid for the 
purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC, and prohibit 
the registration, sale and entry into service of such vehicles, 
where such vehicles do not comply with this Regulation and 
its implementing measures.  
14. National authorities shall permit the sale and entry into 
service of vehicles, components and separate technical units 
type-approved before the dates referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 
and 3 and continue to grant extension of approvals to those 
vehicles, components and separate technical units under the 
terms of the regulatory act under which they were originally 
permitted or granted, unless the requirements applying to such 
vehicles, components or separate technical units have been 
modified or new requirements have been added by this Regu ­
lation and its implementing measures.  
National authorities shall permit the sale and entry into service 
of and continue to grant extensions to EC type-approval to 
replacement components and separate technical units, with the exception of replacement tyres, intended for vehicles type- 
approved before the dates referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, 
under the terms of the regulatory act under which they were 
originally permitted or granted.  
15. Without prejudice to paragraphs 1 to 14, and subject to 
entry into force of the implementing measures referred to in 
Article 14, if a manufacturer so requests, national authorities 
may not, on grounds relating to the areas of vehicle safety and 
tyres covered in Articles 5 to 12:  
(a) refuse to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval 
for a new type of vehicle or to grant EC component/ 
separate technical unit type-approval for a new type of 
component or separate technical unit, where such vehicle, 
component or separate technical unit complies with this 
Regulation and its implementing measures; or  
(b) prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of a new 
vehicle or prohibit the sale or entry into service of a new 
component or separate technical unit, where the vehicle, 
component or separate technical unit concerned complies 
with this Regulation and its implementing measures.  
CHAPTER IV  
IMPLEMENTATION  
Article 14  
Implementing measures  
1. The Commission shall adopt the following implementing 
measures:  
(a) detailed rules concerning the specific procedures, tests and 
technical requirements for the type-approval of motor 
vehicles, their trailers and components and separate 
technical units with regard to the provisions of Articles 5 
to 12;  
(b) detailed rules concerning specific safety requirements for 
vehicles intended for the transport of dangerous goods by 
road within or between Member States, taking account of 
UNECE Regulation 105;  
(c) a more precise definition of the physical characteristics and 
performance requirements a tyre must fulfil to be defined as 
‘special use tyre’, ‘off-road professional tyre’, ‘reinforced tyre’, 
‘extra load tyre’, ‘snow tyre’, ‘T-type temporary-use spare 
tyre’ or ‘traction tyre’ in accordance with points 8 to 13 
of the second paragraph of Article 3;  
(d) measures amending the limit values on rolling resistance 
and rolling noise laid down in Parts B and C of Annex II 
insofar as is necessary as a result of changes in test 
procedures and without lowering the level of protection 
of the environment;EN L 200/12 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009(e) detailed rules on the procedure for the determination of the 
noise levels referred to in point 1 of Part C of Annex II;  
(f) measures amending Annex IV to include the UNECE Regu ­
lations that are mandatory under Article 4(4) of Decision 
97/836/EC.  
2. The measures referred to in paragraph 1, with the 
exception of those relating to the provisions of Article 10, 
shall be adopted by 31 December 2010.  
The measures relating to the provisions of Article 10 shall be 
adopted by 31 December 2011.  
3. The Commission may adopt the following implementing 
measures:  
(a) measures exempting certain vehicles or classes of vehicles of 
categories M  2 , M  3 , N  2 and N  3 from the obligation to install 
advanced vehicle systems referred to in Article 10 where, 
following a cost/benefit analysis and taking into account all 
relevant safety aspects, the application of those systems 
proves not to be appropriate to the vehicle or class of 
vehicles concerned;  
(b) by 31 December 2010, and on the basis of a cost/benefit 
analysis, measures shortening the period laid down in 
Article 13(11), which may be differentiated according to 
the class or category of tyres concerned.  
4. The measures referred to in this Article, designed to 
amend non-essential elements of this Regulation, inter alia, by 
supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance with the regu ­
latory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 15(2).  
Article 15  
Committee procedure  
1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Technical 
Committee — Motor Vehicles (TCMV) established by 
Article 40(1) of Directive 2007/46/EC.  
2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5a(1) 
to (4) and Article 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, 
having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.  
CHAPTER V  
FINAL PROVISIONS  
Article 16  
Penalties for non-compliance  
1. Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties 
applicable to infringement by manufacturers of the provisions 
of this Regulation and its implementing measures and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The 
penalties provided for shall be effective, proportionate and 
dissuasive. By 20 February 2011 or, as appropriate, 18 
months from the date of entry into force of the relevant imple ­
menting measure, Member States shall notify those provisions 
to the Commission, and shall notify it without delay of any 
subsequent amendment affecting them.  
2. The types of infringement which are subject to a penalty 
shall include at least the following:  
(a) making false declarations during an approval procedure or a 
procedure leading to a recall;  
(b) falsifying test results for type-approval;  
(c) withholding data or technical specifications which could 
lead to recall or withdrawal of type-approval.  
Article 17  
Reporting  
By 1 December 2012 and every three years thereafter, the 
Commission shall present a report to the European Parliament 
and to the Council including, where appropriate, proposals for 
amendment to this Regulation or other relevant Community 
legislation regarding the inclusion of further new safety features.  
Article 18  
Amendments to Directive 2007/46/EC  
Annexes IV, VI, XI and XV to Directive 2007/46/EC shall be 
amended in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation.  
Article 19  
Repeal  
1. Directives 70/221/EEC, 70/222/EEC, 70/311/EEC, 
70/387/EEC, 70/388/EEC, 71/320/EEC, 72/245/EEC, 
74/60/EEC, 74/61/EEC, 74/297/EEC, 74/408/EEC, 74/483/EEC, 
75/443/EEC, 76/114/EEC, 76/115/EEC, 76/756/EEC, 
76/757/EEC, 76/758/EEC, 76/759/EEC, 76/760/EEC, 
76/761/EEC, 76/762/EEC, 77/389/EEC, 77/538/EEC, 
77/539/EEC, 77/540/EEC, 77/541/EEC, 77/649/EEC, 
78/316/EEC, 78/317/EEC, 78/318/EEC, 78/549/EEC, 
78/932/EEC, 89/297/EEC, 91/226/EEC, 92/21/EEC, 92/22/EEC, 
92/24/EEC, 92/114/EEC, 94/20/EC, 95/28/EC, 96/27/EC, 
96/79/EC, 97/27/EC, 98/91/EC, 2000/40/EC, 2001/56/EC, 
2001/85/EC, 2003/97/EC shall be repealed with effect from 
1 November 2014.  
2. Directive 92/23/EEC shall be repealed with effect from 
1 November 2017.EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/133. References to the repealed Directives shall be construed as 
references to this Regulation.  
Article 20  
Entry into force  
This Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following 
its publication in the  Official Journal of the European Union . 
It shall apply from 1 November 2011.  Article 13(15), Article 14 and points 1(a)(iii), 1(b)(iii) and (iv), 
2(c), 3(a)(iii), 3(b)(iii), 3(c)(iii), 3(d)(iii), 3(e)(iii) and 3(f)(i) of 
Annex III shall apply from 20 August 2009.  
Points 1(a)(i), 1(b)(i), 2(a), 3(a)(i), 3(b)(i), 3(c)(i), 3(d)(i), 3(e)(i) and 
3(f)(ii) of Annex III shall apply from 1 November 2014.  
Points 1(a)(ii), 1(b)(ii), 2(b), 3(a)(ii), 3(b)(ii), 3(c)(ii), 3(d)(ii), 3(e)(ii) 
and point 4 of Annex III shall apply from 1 November 2017.  
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.  
Done at Brussels, 13 July 2009.  
For the European Parliament 
The President  
H.-G. PÖTTERING  For the Council 
The President  
E. ERLANDSSONEN L 200/14 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009ANNEX I  
Scope of application of the requirements referred to in Article 5(1) and (2)  
Subject  Applicability  
M 1 M 2 M 3 N 1 N 2 N 3 O 1 O 2 O 3 O 4 
Fuel tanks/rear protective devices  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Rear registration plate  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Steering effort  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Door latches and hinges  X  X  X  X  
Audible warning  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Indirect vision devices  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Braking  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Radio interference (electromagnetic 
compatibility)  X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Interior fittings  X  
Anti-theft and immobiliser  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Protective steering  X  X  
Seat strength  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Exterior projections  X  
Speedometer  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Plates (statutory)  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Seat belt anchorages  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Installation of lighting and light signalling 
devices  X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Retro reflectors  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
End-outline, front-position (side), rear- 
position (side), stop, side marker, daytime 
running lamps  X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Direction indicators  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Rear registration plate lamps  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Headlamps (including bulbs)  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Front fog lamps  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Towing hooks  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Rear fog lamps  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Reversing lamps  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Parking lamps  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Seat belts and restraint systems  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Forward vision  XEN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/15Subject  Applicability  
M 1 M 2 M 3 N 1 N 2 N 3 O 1 O 2 O 3 O 4 
Identification of controls, tell-tales and indi ­
cators  X X  X  X  X  X  
Defrost/demist  X  (  1 ) (  1 ) (  1 ) (  1 ) (  1 ) 
Wash/wipe  X  (  2 ) (  2 ) (  2 ) (  2 ) (  2 ) 
Heating systems  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Wheel guards  X  
Head restraints  X  
Lateral protection  X  X  X  X  
Spray-suppression systems  X  X  X  X  
Safety glazing  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Tyres  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
Speed limitation devices  X  X  X  X  
Masses and dimensions  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  
External projections of cabs  X  X  X  
Couplings  X (  3 ) X (  3 ) X (  3 ) X (  3 ) X (  3 ) X (  3 ) X  X  X  X  
Flammability  X  
Buses and coaches  X  X  
Frontal impact  X (  4 ) 
Side impact  X (  5 ) X (  5 ) 
Vehicles intended for the transportation of 
dangerous goods  X (  6 ) X (  6 ) X (  6 ) X (  6 ) X (  6 ) X (  6 ) X (  6 ) 
Front underrun protection  X  X  
( 1 ) Vehicles of this category shall be fitted with an adequate windscreen defrosting and demisting device. 
( 2 ) Vehicles of this category shall be fitted with adequate windscreen washing and wiping devices. 
( 3 ) Only if the vehicle is fitted with couplings. 
( 4 ) Not exceeding 2,5 tonnes technically permissible maximum laden mass. 
( 5 ) Only applicable to vehicles where the ‘Seating reference point (“R” point)’ of the lowest seat is not more than 700 mm above ground 
level. The ‘R’ point is defined in UNECE Regulation 95. 
( 6 ) Only when the manufacturer applies for type-approval of a vehicle intended for the transport of dangerous goods.EN L 200/16 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009ANNEX II  
Requirements for tyres with regard to wet grip, rolling resistance and rolling noise  
PART A — WET GRIP REQUIREMENTS  
Class C1 tyres shall meet the following requirements:  
Category of use  Wet grip index (G)  
snow tyre with a speed symbol (‘Q’ or below, excluding ‘H’) indicating a maximum 
permissible speed not greater than 160 km/h  ≥ 0,9  
snow tyre with a speed symbol (‘R’ and above, including ‘H’) indicating a maximum 
permissible speed greater than 160 km/h  ≥ 1,0  
normal (road type) tyre  ≥ 1,1  
PART B — ROLLING RESISTANCE REQUIREMENTS  
The maximum values for the rolling resistance coefficient for each tyre type, measured in accordance with ISO 28580, 
shall not exceed the following:  Table 1  
Tyre class  Max value (kg/tonne) 
1st stage  
C1 12,0  
C2 10,5  
C3 8,0 
Table 2  
Tyre class  Max value (kg/tonne) 
2nd stage  
C1 10,5  
C2 9,0 
C3 6,5 
For snow tyres, the limits in Table 2 shall be increased by 1 kg/tonne.EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/17PART C — ROLLING NOISE REQUIREMENTS  
1. The noise levels determined in accordance with the procedure specified in the implementing measures to this 
Regulation shall not exceed the limits designated in points 1.1 or 1.2. The Tables in points 1.1 and 1.2 
represent the measured values corrected for temperature, except in the case of C3 tyres, and instrument tolerance, 
and are rounded down to the nearest whole value.  
1.1. Class C1 tyres, with reference to the nominal section width of the tyre that has been tested:  
Tyre class  Nominal section width (mm)  Limit values in dB(A)  
C1A  ≤ 185  70  
C1B  > 185 ≤ 215  71  
C1C  > 215 ≤ 245  71  
C1D  > 245 ≤ 275  72  
C1E  > 275  74  
For snow tyres, extra load tyres or reinforced tyres, or any combination of these classifications, the above limits shall 
be increased by 1 dB(A).  
1.2. Class C2 and C3 tyres, with reference to the category of use of the range of tyres:  
Tyre class  Category of use  Limit values in dB(A)  
C2 Normal tyres  72  
Traction tyres  73  
C3 Normal tyres  73  
Traction tyres  75  
For special use tyres, the above limits shall be increased by 2 dB(A). An additional 2 dB(A) shall be allowed for snow 
tyres in the C2 traction tyre category. For all other categories of C2 and C3 tyres, an additional 1 dB(A) shall be 
allowed for snow tyres.EN L 200/18 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009ANNEX III  
Amendments to Directive 2007/46/EC  
Directive 2007/46/EC is hereby amended as follows:  
1. Part I of Annex IV shall be amended as follows:  
(a) the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 38, 42 to 45 and 47 to 57 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act 
reference  Official Journal reference  Applicability  
M 1 M 2 M 3 N 1 N 2 N 3 O 1 O 2 O 3 O 4 
‘63 General 
safety  Regulation 
(EC) No 
661/2009  OJ L 200, 
31.7.2009, p. 1.  X X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X’  
(b) the Appendix shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 37, 44, 45 and 50 to 54 of the table shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 of the table shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added to the table:  
Subject  Regulatory act reference  Official Journal reference  M  1 
‘63 General safety  Regulation (EC) No 661/2009  OJ L 200, 31.7.2009, p. 1.  P/A’  
(iv) in the ‘Key’, the following text shall be added:  
‘P/A: This Regulation is partially applicable. The precise scope of application is established in the implementing 
measures to this Regulation.’  
2. In the Appendix to Annex VI, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(a) points 3 to 10, 12 to 38, 42 to 45 and 47 to 57 shall be deleted;  
(b) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(c) the following row shall be added:  
Subject  Regulatory act reference (  1 ) As amended by  Applicable to 
versions  
‘63 General safety  Regulation (EC) No 661/2009’EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/193. Annex XI shall be amended as follows:  
(a) in Appendix 1, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 38, 44, 45 and 47 to 54 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act reference  M  1 ≤ 2 500 (  1 ) kg  M  1 > 2 500 (  1 ) kg  M  2 M 3 
‘63 General safety  Regulation (EC) No 661/2009  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A’  
(b) in Appendix 2, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 38, 42 to 45 and 47 to 57 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act reference  M  1 M 2 M 3 N 1 N 2 N 3 O 1 O 2 O 3 O 4 
‘63 General safety  Regulation 
(EC) No 661/2009  P/A P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A’  
(c) in Appendix 3, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 37, 44, 45 and 50 to 54 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act reference  M  1 
‘63 General safety  Regulation (EC) No 661/2009  P/A’  
(d) in Appendix 4, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 13 to 36, 42 to 45 and 47 to 57 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act reference  M  2 M 3 N 1 N 2 N 3 O 1 O 2 O 3 O 4 
‘63 General safety  Regulation 
(EC) No 661/2009  P/A P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A  P/A’EN L 200/20 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009(e) in Appendix 5, the table shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points 3 to 10, 12 to 36, 42 to 45 and 47 to 57 shall be deleted;  
(ii) point 46 shall be deleted;  
(iii) the following row shall be added:  
Item  Subject  Regulatory act reference  Mobile crane of 
category N  3 
‘63 General safety  Regulation (EC) No 661/2009  P/A’  
(f) the ‘Meaning of letters’ shall be amended as follows:  
(i) points C, U, W  5 , and W  6 shall be deleted;  
(ii) the following text shall be added:  
‘P/A: This regulatory act is partially applicable. The precise scope of application is established in the imple ­
menting measures of this Regulation.’  
4. In the table in Annex XV, point 46 shall be deleted.EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/21ANNEX IV  
List of UNECE Regulations which apply on a compulsory basisEN L 200/22 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009ANNEX V  
Implementation dates of the requirements for electronic stability control systems on vehicles of categories M  2 , 
M 3 , N  2 , N  3 , O  3 and O  4 
Table 1 — Implementation dates for new types of vehicle  
Vehicle category  Implementation date  
M 2 11 July 2013  
M 3 (Class III)  1 November 2011  
M 3 < 16 tonnes (pneumatic transmission)  1 November 2011  
M 3 (Class II and B) (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2013  
M 3 (Class III) (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2013  
M 3 (Class III) (pneumatic control transmission and 
hydraulic energy transmission)  11 July 2014  
M 3 (Class II) (pneumatic control transmission and hydraulic 
energy transmission)  11 July 2014  
M 3 (other than above)  1 November 2011  
N 2 (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2013  
N 2 (pneumatic control transmission and hydraulic energy 
transmission)  11 July 2014  
N 2 (other than above)  11 July 2012  
N 3 (2 axle tractors for semi-trailers)  1 November 2011  
N 3 (2 axle tractors for semi-trailers with pneumatic control 
transmission (ABS))  1 November 2011  
N 3 (3 axles with electric control transmission (EBS))  1 November 2011  
N 3 (2 and 3 axles with pneumatic control transmission 
(ABS))  11 July 2012  
N 3 (other than above)  1 November 2011  
O 3 (combined axle load between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes)  11 July 2012  
O 3 (other than above)  1 November 2011  
O 4 1 November 2011EN 31.7.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 200/23Table 2 — Implementation dates for new vehicles  
Vehicle category  Implementation date  
M 2 11 July 2015  
M 3 (Class III)  1 November 2014  
M 3 < 16 tonnes (pneumatic transmission)  1 November 2014  
M 3 (Class II and B) (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2015  
M 3 (Class III) (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2015  
M 3 (Class III) (pneumatic control transmission and 
hydraulic energy transmission)  11 July 2016  
M 3 (Class II) (pneumatic control transmission and hydraulic 
energy transmission)  11 July 2016  
M 3 (other than above)  1 November 2014  
N 2 (hydraulic transmission)  11 July 2015  
N 2 (pneumatic control transmission and hydraulic energy 
transmission)  11 July 2016  
N 2 (other than above)  1 November 2014  
N 3 (2 axle tractors for semi-trailers)  1 November 2014  
N 3 (2 axle tractors for semi-trailers with pneumatic control 
transmission (ABS))  1 November 2014  
N 3 (3 axles with electric control transmission (EBS))  1 November 2014  
N 3 (2 and 3 axles with pneumatic control transmission 
(ABS))  1 November 2014  
N 3 (other than above)  1 November 2014  
O 3 (combined axle load between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes)  1 November 2014  
O 3 (other than above)  1 November 2014  
O 4 1 November 2014EN L 200/24 Official Journal of the European Union 31.7.2009