- 1 - ICS 43.040.20 
T38 
 
  
 
National Standard  
of the People's Republic of China 
  
GB18100.1 - XXXX 
 
Replaces GB 18100.2000 (motorcycle section) 
 
 
Provisions for the installation of lighting and 
light-signalling devices for motorcycles 
 
Part 1: two-wheeled motorcycles 
    
(Draft for approval) 
 
 
 Issue Date: 20XX – XX – XX Implementation Date: 200X – XX – XX 
 
 
 
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and 
Quarantine of the Peop le's Republic of China and the Standardisation 
Administration of the People's Republic of China 
 
 
  
- 2 - Foreword 
 
All of the technical contents set out  in this Standard are mandatory. 
 
GB18100, “Provisions for the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices for motorcycles” 
consists of three parts: 
 
− Part 1: two-wheeled motorcycles; 
− Part 2: two-wheeled mopeds; 
− Part 3: three-wheeled motorcycles. 
 
This is the first part of GB18100, which corre sponds to Revision 1, Amendment 1, Amendment 2 
and Amendment 3 of ECE R53 of the United Nati ons Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), 
“Uniform provisions concerning the a pproval of category L3 vehicles with regard to the installation 
of lighting and light-signalling”, the conformance degree between this standard and the ECE R53 is 
non-equivalent, and the main technical differences are: 
− terms and definitions have b een deleted (refer to GB4785); 
− there are circuit connection problem s in the original standard, wh ich in this Part have been 
modified as follows: front position lamp, rear position lamp and rear-registration plate lamp 
can only be switched on and off at the same time; 
− with regard to non-uniformity de scription of the angle of the geometric visibility in the 
original standard, has in this Part been uniformed as follows: transverse angle β, and vertical 
angle α; 
− the installation quantities for driving beam  headlamps and dipped beam headlamps are 
simplified to one or two lamps; 
− considering the national conditions, the inclinat ion requirements for dipped beams has been 
deleted; 
− considering the national conditions, the conten t “when engine is running, the headlamp 
should come on automatically” within ci rcuit connection has been deleted; 
− only amber is used for the light colo ur of side retro-reflector devices; 
− the light colour of the front f og light has been altered to white  or amber, keeping conformity 
with motor vehicles. 
 
Compared to the provisions for two-wheeled motorcycles specified in GB18100-2000, the main 
changes to this Part are as follows: 
− according to the general provisions of Chapte r 4 of GB/T1.1, adjustment to the contents 
structure has been made; 
− directly used the terms set out in GB4785, repeated defini tions have been avoided; 
− the inclination requirements for dipped beams have been deleted, the relevant technical 
requirements and test methods are still in the process of research; 
− a provision about two-wheeled motorcycles being able to use normal motor vehicle 
headlamps has been added, providing  more choice for motorcycles; 
− layout A (installing two lamps) on the installati on quantity for directi on indicators has been 
deleted; 
− the installation quantities for rear position lamp s, rear retro-reflector devices, front fog 
lamps and rear fog lamps have been altered from one to one or tw o, the corresponding 
contents have all been added or modified; 
− the front position lamp has increas ed transverse requirements; 
− the provisions for the flashing frequencies of the direction indicator s are no longer to be 
detailed and split by DC and AC power suppl y and the flashing frequencies have been - 3 - unified; 
− requirements on transverse installation of driving beam headlamps and dipped beam 
headlamps have been added; 
− test methods have been deleted; 
− reference standards have been added, and w ithin the general provisions the uniform 
provisions on requirements for photometric ch aracteristics for each lamp have been 
specified. 
  Appendix A to this Part is a normative annex.  The implementation date of this Part is 1 January 2012.  This Part is proposed by China Nationa l Development and Reform Commission.  
 This Part is under the jurisdiction of the Nationa l Automobile Standardisation Technical Committee. 
 The organisations that part icipated in the drafting  of this Part are:  
China Automotive Technology & Research Centre; Shanghai Automotive Lamps Research Institute; Shanghai Motorcycle Research Institute;  The main drafters of this Part are: Xu Xiuxiang, Bu Weili, Jiang Yong.  This Part replaces the previous ly issued Standard: GB 18100-2000. 
 
 - 4 -            
Provisions for the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices for 
motorcycles 
Part 1: two-wheeled motorcycles 
 
1 Scope 
This Part specifies the general and specific pr ovisions for the installati on of lighting and light-
signalling devices for category L3  two-wheeled motorcycles.  
This Part applies to two-wheeled motorcycles (hereinafter referred to as the vehicles). 
2 Normative References 
The provisions of the following documents become pr ovisions of this Part after being referenced. 
For dated reference documents, all later amendments (excluding corrigenda) and versions do not apply to this Part; however, the pa rties to the agreement are encouraged to study whether the latest 
versions of these documents are applicable. For undated reference documents, the latest versions 
apply to this Part.  GB 4599 Motor vehicle headlamps equipped with filament lamps 
GB 4660 Motor vehicle front fog lamps equipped with filament lamps GB 4785 Prescription for the installation of ex ternal lighting and ligh t-signalling devices for 
motor   vehicles and their trailers GB 5948 Photometric characteristics of motorc ycle headlamps equipped with filament light 
  sources GB 11554 Photometric characteristics of rear f og lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers 
GB 11564 Retro-reflector de vice for motor vehicles 
GB 17509 Photometric characteristics of directi on indicators for motor vehicles and their  
  trailers 
GB 17510 Photometric characteristics of light-signalling devices for motorcycles 
3 Terms and definitions 
The terms and definitions set out in GB 4785 apply to this Part. 
4 Requirements 
4.1 General requirements 
4.1.1 Lighting and light-signalling devices shall be installed so that under normal working 
conditions, despite the vibrations to which they may be subjected, they continue to function in 
accordance with the provisions set ou t in this Part; in pa rticular, the start adjustment state must 
not be altered. 
4.1.2 The installation of lighting de vices should be appropriate for the correct adjustment of its 
direction. 
4.1.3 When being installed, for all light-signalling devices – includi ng those installed on the side 
of a vehicle – the reference axis of the light-sig nalling device should be para llel to the road stop 
plane of the vehicle. In addition, with regard to  any side retro-reflecto r devices, the reference 
axis thereof must be perpendicular to the long itudinal plane of symmetr y of the vehicle, the 
reference axes of all other light-signalling device s should be parallel to the longitudinal plane of 
symmetry of the vehicle; allowance in each direction should be ±3
o. If any special provisions - 5 - are specified by the manufacturer, then the installation should be conducted according to the 
manufacturer’s instructions. 
4.1.4 Unless otherwise specified, the reference centres of a single la mp or retro-reflector device 
should be located on the longitudina l plane of symmetry of the vehi cle. Lamps installed in pairs 
should have the same functions, and should meet: 
a) relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle, install symmetrically; b) relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle,  reciprocally symmetry with 
geometric shape; 
c) meet the same chromaticity requirement; d) meet the same photometric characteristics; f) switched on/off at a same time. 4.1.5 Unless otherwise specified, lamps with diff erent functions and also meet their own 
requirements can be grouped, combined or reci procally incorporated  with one another. 
4.1.6 Unless otherwise specified, only direction indicators and hazard warning signalling lamps 
can flash. 
4.1.7 After a registration plate is in stalled, the geometry visibility of each lamp should still meet 
the requirements. 
4.2 Circuit connection 4.2.1 The front position lamp, rear position lamp a nd rear-registration plate lamp can only be 
switched on or off at the same time. 
4.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, only when the abovementioned lamps are switched on can the 
driving beam headlamp, dipped beam headlamp a nd fog lamp be switched on. When the driving 
beam headlamp and dipped beam headlamp give warning signals (means when they switch intermittently between driving beam headla mp and dipped beam headlamp, or switch 
intermittently alternating between driving beam  headlamp and dipped beam headlamp), these 
requirements are not applicable. 
4.3 Indicator 
4.3.1 Each type of indicator should  be positioned such that it is  easy for the driver to see. 
4.3.2 The “closed-circuit” indicator can be replaced by an “operating” indicator. 
4.4 Light colour and chro maticity characteristics 
See Table 1 for the requirements for light co lour emitted by the lamps. Chromaticity 
characteristics should conform to the provisions set out in GB 4785. 
4.5 General requirements on the installation of lamps Vehicles should be equipped with the lighting and signalling devices sp ecified in Table 1. Any 
other lighting and signalling devi ces not mentioned in Table 1 must not be used. Headlamps 
(driving beam headlamps and dipped beam headlamp s) should conform to the provisions set out 
in GB 5948 or GB 4599 (excluding sealed-bea m lamps); front position lamps, rear position 
lamps, stop lamps and rear-registr ation plate lamps should conform to the provisions set out in 
GB 17510; direction indicators shou ld conform to the relevant provisions set out in GB 17509 
or GB 17510; non-triangular  rear retro-reflector devices and non-triangular  side retro-reflector 
devices should conform to the provisions set out in GB11564; front fog lamps should conform 
to the provisions set out in GB  4660 and rear fog lamps should conform to the provisions set out - 6 - in GB 11554. 
Table 1 Light colour of the lamps a nd their installation requirements 
Lamp type Light colour Installation requirement
Headlamps (driving beam 
headlamp and dipped beam headlamp) White Mandatory installation 
Front position lamp White Mandatory installation 
Rear position lamp Red Mandatory installation 
Direction indicator  Ambe r Mandatory installation 
Stop lamp Red Mandatory installation 
Rear-registration plate lamp White Mandatory installation 
Non-triangular rear retro-
reflector device Red Mandatory installation 
Non-triangular side retro-
reflector device Amber Mandatory installation 
Vehicle hazard warning 
signalling lamp Amber Optional installation 
Front fog lamp White or amber Optional installation 
Rear fog lamp Red Optional installation 
 
4.6 Non-visibility of front-view re d light and rear-view white light 
Red light should not be visible fr om the front of a vehicle and wh ite light should not be visible 
from the rear of a vehicle. These can be inspected using the following method (see Appendix 
A): 
a) the non-visibility of front-view red light: the viewer should not be able to directly see the red 
light by moving observation from Zone I of the tr ansverse plane, which is a distance of 25 m 
from the front of the vehicle. 
b) the non-visibility of rear-view white light: the viewer should not  be able to directly see the 
white light by moving obser vation from Zone II of the transver se plane which is a distance of 
25 m from the rear of the vehicle. 
Within the abovementioned transverse planes, th e range of Zone I and Zone II for visual 
inspection of the observer are as follows: 
a) at height direction: limite d by two horizontal plane with he ight from the ground of 1 m and 
2.2 m; 
b) at transverse direction: at the front of the vehicle and the rear of the vehicle, limited by two 
vertical planes which form outward 15o angles with the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the 
vehicle respectively. These plan es should pass the relevant inte rsection line (which means the 
intersection line between the parallel longitudinal planes of symmetry of the vehicle which is 
used to limit the vehicle’s overa ll width and the perpendicular l ongitudinal planes of symmetry 
of the vehicle which is used to limit the vehicle’s overall length). 
4.7 General requirements for the measurement of lamp positions - 7 - 4.7.1 The measurements of maximum and minimum height above ground should start from the 
highest point and lowest point of  the apparent surface on the reference axis direction. With 
regard to dipped beam headlamps, the minimu m height above the ground thereof should be 
measured from the lowest point of the effectiv e aperture of optical system (reflector, lens, 
projection lens); if the height (maximum a nd minimum) above the ground clearly meet the 
requirements, then the precise edge of any surface is not required to be determined. 
The distance between two lamps in the transverse  direction should be determined from the inner 
edge of the apparent surface in the reference ax is direction. If the inst allation locations on the 
transverse direction clearly meet the requirement s, then the precise edge of any surface is not 
required to be determined. 
4.7.2 Unless otherwise specified, when inspecting the installation height and directions of the 
lamps, the test vehicle should be unladen and placed on level ground, its longitudinal plane of symmetry should be vertical, and the direction ch anging handle should be at a forward straight 
ahead position, with the tyre pre ssure conforming to the specif ications of the manufacturer. 
Note: unladen vehicle means no dr iver, no passenger and no loa d, but equipped with sufficient 
fuel and vehicle accessory tools.  
5 Special provisions 
5.1 Driving beam headlamp 
5.1.1 Quantity: one or two  5.1.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.1.3 Position 5.1.3.1 Transverse direction 5.1.3.1.1 Single driving beam headlamps can be positioned above, below or to the side of other 
front lamps of the vehicle. If these lamps ar e arranged in order of up and down, then the 
reference centre of the driving beam headlamp should be located on the longitudinal plane of 
symmetry of the vehicle; if these lamps are arra nged in transverse orde r, then the reference 
centres of these lamps should be symmetrical to the longitudinal plan e of symmetry of the 
vehicle. 
5.1.3.1.2 The reference centre of driving beam head lamps which are reciprocally incorporated 
with other front lamps of the vehicle should be located on the longitudina l plane of symmetry of 
the vehicle. If a vehicle only has a single individual dipped b eam headlamp installed, or a 
dipped beam headlamp and a front position lamp are reciprocally inco rporated and positioned 
near to the driving beam headlamp, then the reference centres of these lamps should be symmetrical to the longitudinal plan e of symmetry of the vehicle. 
5.1.3.1.3 If two driving beam headla mps are installed, and one or both of the headlamps are 
reciprocally incorporated with other front lamps of the vehicle,  then the reference centres of 
these lamps should be symmetri cal to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
5.1.3.1.4 Under all circumstances, the distance between the edge of the illuminating surface of a 
single driving beam headlamp and the edge of the illuminating surface of  a single dipped beam 
headlamp should not exceed 200 mm. The distan ce between the illuminating surfaces of two 
driving beam headlamps must not exceed 200 mm. 
5.1.3.2 At height direction: the height a bove the ground should be 500 mm ~ 1 300 mm. 
5.1.3.3 At longitudinal direction: positioned in the front of the vehicle. The light emitted should 
neither directly nor indirectly cause any discomfort to the driver in its reflection in the rear-view - 8 - mirror or other reflective su rfaces of the vehicle.  
5.1.4 Geometric visibility Angles α at vertical directi ons: upward and downward 5
o; 
Angles β at transverse direct ions: left and right 5o. 
5.1.5 Direction: forward. The lamp should be able  to turn along with the direction changing 
handle. 
5.1.6 The driving beam headlamp must not combine with any other lamps. 5.1.7 Circuit connection: when the driving beam  headlamp is switched on, the dipped beam 
headlamp is also permitted to be on. 
5.1.8 “Closed-circuit” indicator: must be equipp ed with a non-flashing blue signalling lamp. 
5.1.9 Other requirements: when the driving beam headlamps are simultaneously connected, the 
maximum luminous intensity should not exceed 225 000cd. 
5.2 Dipped beam headlamps 
5.2.1 Quantity: one or two  5.2.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.2.3 Position 5.2.3.1 Transverse direction 5.2.3.1.1 Single dipped beam headlamps can be positioned above, below or to the side of other 
front lamps of the vehicle. If these lamps ar e arranged in order of up and down, then the 
reference centre of the dipped beam headlamp should be located on the longitudinal plane of 
symmetry of the vehicle; if these lamps are arra nged in order of transverse, then the reference 
centres of these lamps should be symmetrical to the longitudinal plan e of symmetry of the 
vehicle. 
5.2.3.1.2 The reference centre of dipped beam headla mps which are reciprocally incorporated 
with the other front lamps of the vehicle should be positione d on the longitudinal plane of 
symmetry of the vehicle. If a vehicle only ha s a single individual driving beam headlamp 
installed, or a driving beam headlamp and a front  position lamp are reci procally incorporated 
and positioned near the dipped beam headlamp, th en the reference centres of these lamps should 
be symmetrical to the longitudinal pl ane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
5.2.3.1.3 If two dipped beam headlamps are instal led, and one or both of the headlamps are 
reciprocally incorporated with other lamps of th e vehicle, then the reference centres of these 
lamps should be symmetrical to the longit udinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
5.2.3.1.4 The distance between the illuminating su rfaces of two dipped beam headlamps must 
not exceed 200 mm. 
5.2.3.2 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 500 mm and 
not higher than 1200 mm. 
5.2.3.3 At longitudinal direction: positioned in the front of the vehicle. The light emitted should 
not directly or indirectly cause any discomfort to the driver in its reflection in the rear-view 
mirror or other reflective surfaces of the vehicle. 
5.2.4 Geometric visibility Angles α at vertical directions: upward 15
o and downward 10o; - 9 - Angles β at transverse directions: for single lamps, left and right 45o. For lamps installed in 
pairs – outward 45o and inward 10o. 
The existence of other components which are positioned near the headlamps should not cause 
any discomfort to other road users. 
5.2.5 Direction: forward. The lamp can be turn ed along with the dire ction-changing handle. 
5.2.6 Circuit connection: when changing the dipped  beam, all of the driving beam headlamps 
should be switched off at the same time. 
5.2.7 Indicator: optional installa tion. If it is installed, it should be a non-flashing green 
signalling lamp. 
5.2.8 Dipped beam headlamps must not be  combined with any other lamps. 
5.2.9 Other requirements: none. 5.3 Direction indicators 
5.3.1 Quantity: two on each side. 5.3.2 Arrangement: two front-dir ection indicators and two rear-direction indicators. 
5.3.3 Position 5.3.3.1 Transverse direction Front-direction indicators should me et the following requirements: 
a) The minimum distance between the illuminating surfaces of both direction indicators should 
be 240 mm. 
b) The direction indicators shoul d be positioned on the extreme outer  edge of the vertical plane 
which is tangent to the outer edge of the illuminating surface of the headlamps. 
c) The distance between the direction indicators to the illuminating surface of the nearest dipped 
beam headlamp should meet the specifications set out in Table 2: 
Table 2: The minimum distance between a dir ection indicator and a dipped beam headlamp 
Minimum luminous intensity of a 
direction indicator 
(cd) Minimum distance 
(mm) 
90 75 
175 40 
250 20 
400 ≤ 20 
The distance between the inner edges of th e illuminating surfaces of two rear-direction 
indicators should be  at least 180mm. 
5.3.3.2 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 350 mm and 
not higher than 1 200 mm. 
5.3.3.3 At longitudinal direction: th e distance between the reference centre of the rear-direction 
indicator and the transverse plan e of the rear longitudinal plane of the vehicle should not exceed 
300 mm. 
5.3.4 Geometric visibility - 10 - Angles β at transverse directions: outward 80o and inward 20o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: from  transverse plane upward 15o and downward 15o. If the 
lamp height is lower than 750 mm, then the elev ating angle below the transverse plane can be 
reduced to 5o. 
5.3.5 Direction: the front directi on indicator can be rotated al ong with the direction changing 
handle. 
5.3.6 The direction indicators must not be combined with any other lamps. 5.3.7 The direction indicators must not be recipr ocally incorporated wi th any other lamps. 
5.3.8 Circuit connection: direction indicators should  be switched on indivi dually; the on and off 
functions of all direction indica tors which are positioned on the same side of a vehicle should be 
controlled by the same device. 
5.3.9 Operating indicator: mandatory installation. It can be optical, acoustical or both. If optical, 
it must be a flashing green signalling lamp; under  normal driving conditions it should be visible. 
If any direction indicator happens not to be wo rking properly, then the operating indicator shall 
be extinguished or no longer flashing or flas hing with a noticeable different frequency. 
5.3.10 Other requirements: apart from any necessary load required for the normal operation of 
the engine and lamp equipment, when conduc ting the following measurements, the electric 
system must not hold any other load. 
5.3.10.1 The flashing frequency should be (90±30) times/min. 5.3.10.2 The direction indicators on the same side of the vehicle can flash at the same time or 
alternately. 
5.3.10.3 The light-signalling device s hould be lit within one second of the control device being 
switched on, and should be extinguished with in 1.5 seconds of the control device being 
switched off. 
5.3.10.4 If any one direction indicator loses efficacy  but this is not caused by a short circuit, 
then the other direction indicato rs in the same direction should  carry on working. The flashing 
frequency can be different from  the abovementioned provisions. 
5.4 Stop lamp 
5.4.1 Quantity: one or two  5.4.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.4.3 Position 5.4.3.1 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 250 mm and 
not higher than 1 500 mm. 
5.4.3.3 At longitudinal direction: positione d at the rear of the vehicle.  
5.4.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directions: for single lamps, left and right 45
o. For lamps installed in 
pairs: outward 45o and inward 10o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: from  transverse plane upward 15o and downward 15o. If the 
lamp height is lower than 750 mm, then the elev ating angle below the transverse plane can be 
reduced to 5o. 
5.4.5 Direction: backward. - 11 - 5.4.6 The stop lamp must not be co mbined with any other lamps. 
5.4.7 Circuit connection: under a stop condition of  any vehicle, the stop lamp must be lit. 
5.4.8 “Closed-circuit” indicat or: forbidden to use.  
5.4.9 Other requirements: none. 5.5 Rear-registration plate lamp 5.5.1 Quantity: one. Can be formed by several optical  elements used to li ght the space left for 
the registration plate. 
5.5.2 Arrangement: ensured to be able to light  the space left for the registration plate. 
5.5.3 Position 5.5.3.1 At transverse direction: be able to li ght the space left for the registration plate. 
5.5.3.2 At height direction: be able to light the space is left for the registration plate. 
5.5.3.3 At longitudinal direction: be able to li ght the space left for the registration plate. 
5.5.4 Geometric visibility: be able to light the space left for the registration plate. 
5.5.5 Direction: be able to light the space left for the registration plate. 
5.5.6 Indicator: optional installati on. Its function should be comp leted by the indicator of the 
position lamp. 
5.5.7 Other requirements: when the rear-registrati on plate lamp is combined with the rear 
position lamp, and the rear position lamp is recipro cally incorporated with the stop lamp or rear 
fog lamp, then the photometric characteristics of  the rear-registration plate lamp can change 
when the stop lamp or rear fog lamp is switched on. 
5.6 Front position lamp 5.6.1 Quantity: one or two  5.6.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.6.3 Position 5.6.3.1 At transverse direction Single front position lamps can be positioned above, below or to the side of other front lamps of 
a vehicle. If these lamps are arranged in order of  up and down, then the re ference centre of the 
front position lamp should be positioned on the l ongitudinal plane of symmetr y of the vehicle; if 
these lamps are arranged in orde r of transverse, then the refere nce centres of these lamps should 
be symmetrical to the longitudinal pl ane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
The reference centre of front position lamps which are reciprocally incorporated with other front 
lamps of a vehicle should be positioned on the long itudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle. If 
other lamps are installed near to the front posi tion lamp, then the reference centres of these 
lamps should be symmetrical to the longit udinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
When two front position lamps are installed, and one or both lamps are reciprocally 
incorporated with other front la mps of the vehicle, then the reference centres of these lamps 
should be symmetrical to the longitudina l plane of symmetry of the vehicle. 
5.6.3.2 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 350 mm and 
not higher than 1 200 mm. 
5.6.3.3 At longitudinal direction: positione d at the front of the vehicle.  - 12 - 5.6.4 Geometric visibility 
Angles β at transverse directions: for single lamps, left and right 80o respectively. For lamps 
installed in pairs, outward 80o and inward 45o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: from  transverse plane upward 15o and downward 15o. If the 
lamp height is lower than 750mm, then the elev ating angle below the transverse plane can be 
reduced to 5o. 
5.6.5 Direction: forward. The lamps can be turn ed along with the dir ection changing handle. 
5.6.6 “Closed-circuit” indicator: a non-flashing green signal lamp  must be installed. If the 
dashboard lamp can be switched on and off at the same time as the position lamp, then the installation of the indicator is not required. 
5.6.7 Other requirements: none. 5.7 Rear position lamp 5.7.1 Quantity: one or two  5.7.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.7.3 Position 5.7.3.1 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 250 mm and 
not higher than 1 500 mm. 
5.7.3.2 At longitudinal direction: positione d at the rear of the vehicle.  
5.7.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directions: for single lamps, left and right 80
o respectively. For lamps 
installed in pairs, outward 80o and inward 45o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: from  transverse plane upward 15o and downward 15o. If the 
lamp height is lower than 750 mm, then the elev ating angle below the transverse plane can be 
reduced to 5o. 
5.7.5 Direction: backward.  5.7.6 “Closed-circuit” indicator: op tional installation. If it is inst alled, its function should be 
completed by the indicator of the position lamp. 
5.7.7 Other requirements: none. 5.8 Non-triangular rear re tro-reflector device 
5.8.1 Quantity: one or two  5.8.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.8.3 Position 5.8.3.1 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 250mm and 
not higher than 900 mm. 
5.8.3.2 At longitudinal direction: positione d at the rear of the vehicle.  
5.8.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directions: for single re tro-reflector devices,  left and right 30
o 
respectively. For retro-reflectors installed in pairs, outward 30o and inward 10o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: from  transverse plane upward 15o and downward 15o. If the - 13 - lamp height is lower than 750mm, then the elev ating angle below the transverse plane can be 
reduced to 5o. 
5.8.5 Direction: backward.  5.9 Hazard warning signalling lamp 5.9.1 Hazard warning signal of a vehicle is genera ted by all of the direction indicators which 
meet to the provisions set out in 5.3 and are working at a same time. 
5.9.2 Circuit connection: an individu al control device is used to en sure all directi on indicators to 
work at a same time. 
5.9.3 “Closed-circuit” indicator: a red flashing signalling lamp mu st be installed, or under the 
circumstance of the indicators are separated, enable the indicators which conform to the 
provisions set out in 5.3.10 to work at a same time. 
5.9.4 Other requirements: flashing frequency s hould be (90± 30) times per minute.  
Within one second of the light-signalling cont rol device is switched on, all of the direction 
signal lamps should be lit, within one and a half second of the light-signal ling control device is 
switched off, all of the direction si gnalling lamps should be extinguished. 
When the ignition control device is enabling the engine in an off state, the hazard warning 
signal device should be ensured to  be able to be switched on. 
5.10 Front fog lamp 5.10.1 Quantity: one or two  5.10.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.10.3 Position 5.10.3.1 At transverse direction: The reference ce ntre of a single lamp should be positioned on 
the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicl e. The distance between the illuminating surface 
edge that is nearest to the l ongitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle to the longitudinal 
plane of symmetry does not exceed 250 mm. 
5.10.3.2 At height direction: the height above ground should not be lower than 250 mm; the 
entire illuminating surface must be below the hi ghest point of the illuminating surface of the 
dipped beam headlamp. 
5.10.3.3 At longitudinal direction: positioned at the fr ont of the vehicle. The light emitted should 
not directly or indirectly cause any discomfort reflection to the driver by the rear-view mirror or 
other reflective surface s of the vehicle. 
5.10.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directions: for single lamps, left and right 45
o respectively, when deviate 
from the longitudinal plane of symmetry should be inwards 10o. For lamps installed in pairs, 
should be outward 40o and inward 10o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: upward 15o and downward 5o respectively; 
5.10.5 Direction: forward. The lamp s can be turned along with th e direction changing handle. 
5.10.6 The front fog lamp must not be combined with any other lamps. 5.10.7 Circuit connection: the sw itch on/off function of the front fog lamp should be 
independent from the on/off of the driving beam headlamp and the dipped beam headlamp. 
5.10.8 “Closed-circuit” indicator: optional insta llation. If it is instal led, it should be a non-- 14 - flashing green signal lamp. 
5.10.9 Other requirements: none. 5.11 Rear fog lamp 5.11.1 Quantity: one or two  5.11.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 5.11.3 Position 5.11.3.1 At height direction: the height above the ground should not  be lower than 250 mm and 
not higher than 900 mm. 
5.11.3.2 At longitudinal direction: positio ned at the rear of the vehicle. 
5.11.3.3 The distance between the illuminating surf ace of the rear fog lamp and the illuminating 
surface of the stop lamp should not be less than 100 mm. 
5.11.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directi ons: for single rear fog lamp, left and right 25
o respectively. For 
lamps installed in pairs, outward 30o and inward 10o. 
Angles α at vertical directions: upward 15o and downward 15o.  
5.11.5 Direction: backward.  5.11.6 Circuit connection: the rear fog lamp can only be lit when one or several of the driving 
beam headlamps, dipped beam headlamps or fron t fog lamps is/are switched on. If a front fog 
lamp is installed, the rear fog lamp should be able to be switched off independently from the 
front fog lamp. The rear fog lamp can continue to work, but must be off when the position lamp 
is switched off, and until it is switched on again. 
5.11.7 “Closed-circuit” indicator : must be installed. The indi cator should be a non-flashing 
amber signal lamp. 
5.11.8  Other requirements: none. 
5.12 Non-triangular side re tro-reflector device 
5.12.1 Quantity at each side: one or two  
5.12.2 Arrangement: no special requirement 
5.12.3 Position 5.12.3.1 At height direction: the height above the ground should not be lower than 300 mm and 
not higher than 900 mm. 
5.12.3.2 At longitudinal direction: under normal conditions, the in stallation location should be 
ensured not to be blocked by the clot hing of the driver or passenger. 
5.12.4 Geometric visibility Angles β at transverse directions : forward and backward 30
o respectively. If the height of the 
retro-reflector device is lower than 750 mm, then  the elevating angle below the transverse plane 
can be reduced to 5o. 
5.12.5 Direction: the reference axis  of the retro-reflector device must be perpendicular to the 
longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle a nd face outward. The front side retro-reflector 
device should be able to turn  along with the turning handle. - 15 - 6 Inspection rules 
6.1 Type inspection Manufacturers who have applied for a type inspec tion of the installation of lighting and light-
signalling devices should submit one unladen vehicle, which should be equipped with a whole set of lighting and light-signalling devices. The following documents should also be submitted: 
a) an outline drawing presenting th e overall dimensions of the ve hicle, and a ma nual identifying 
the vehicle models; 
b) a complete installation diagram of the lighting and light-signalling device. The installation 
location of each device on the vehicle should be clearly marked; 
c) an outline drawing presenting the illu minating surface, the light emitting surface, the 
reference axis and the reference centre of each type lamp, and a manual about the determination 
method of the apparent surface. The registra tion plate illuminating device is not included. 
The type of the vehicle submitted for the type test should meet the provisions set out in Chapters 
4 and 5. 
6.2 Production conformity inspection A random sample inspection should be conducted on vehicles which have qualified from the 
type test and have been in continuous pr oduction. The installation of lighting and light-
signalling devices on each vehi cle should conform to the vehi cle type of the type test. - 16 -  
 
Appendix A 
(Normative Annex) 
Non-visibility of front-view red light and rear-view white light