WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  G/STR/N/10/USA 
20 October 2005 
 
 (05-4816) 
Working Party on 
State Trading Enterprises Original:   English 
 
 
 
STATE TRADING 
 
New and Full Notification Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a)  
of the GATT 1994 and Paragr aph 1 of the Understanding  
on the Interpretation of Article XVII  
 
UNITED STATES 
  
 The following communication, dated 19 October 2005, is being circulated at the request of 
the Delegation of the United States.  
_______________ 
 
 
Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a)  of the GATT 1994 and Paragra ph 1 of the Understanding on the 
Interpretation of Article XVII, the United States ma kes the following full and new notification of its 
state trading enterprises for 2004:  
I. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION 
 
1. Enumeration of State Trading Enterprises 
 
(a) Identification of state trading enterprise
 
 
The US Department of Agriculture's Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC). 
 
(b) Description of products affected  
 
Commodities eligible for CCC programmes are defi ned in the legislation or regulations for 
the specific programme.  Commodities covered by  CCC include:  Non-fat dry milk (0402);  
Butter (0405);  Cheese (0406);  Honey (0409);  Dry beans (0713);  Wheat (1001);  Rye (1002);  
Barley (1003);  Oats (1004);  Corn (1005);  Rice (1006);  Sorghum (1007);  Soybeans (1201);  
Peanuts (1202);  Flaxseed (1204);  Sunflower seeds (1206);  Sugar (1212);  Tobacco (2401);  
Cotton (5201);  Mohair (5102);  Wool (4102) and Pulses (0708).  
 2. Reason and Purpose  
 
(a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise
 
 The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a government-owned and operated entity within 
the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).  CCC was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm 
income and prices.  CCC also helps maintain balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural 
commodities and aids in their orderly distribution.   G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 2  
 
  
(b) Legal authority
 
 
CCC was incorporated on 17 October 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of 
$3 million.  It was initially managed and operated in  close affiliation with the Reconstruction Finance 
Corporation, which funded its ope rations.  On 1 July 1939, CCC w as transferred to  USDA by the 
President's Reorganization Plan I.  It was reinco rporated on 1 July 1948, as a federal corporation 
within USDA by the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act  (62 Stat. 1070; 15 U.S.C. 714). 
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the State Trading Enterprise  
 
(a)   Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
 The CCC Charter Act, as amended, authorizes CCC to support prices of agricultural 
commodities, including through purchases a nd sales of agricultural commodities.   
 
(b)  Specification of exclusive or special righ ts or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise    
 CCC does not have exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise market, any product.   
 
Organization:   CCC is managed by a Board of Director s, subject to the general supervision 
and direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, who is an ex officio  Director and Chairman of the Board.  
In addition to the Secretary, the Board consists of  seven members who are appointed by the President 
of the United States with the advice and consent of  the Senate.  The members of the Board and the 
Corporation's officers are all officials of USDA.  CCC has no operating personnel.  Its activities are 
carried out primarily through the personne l and facilities of agencies within USDA. 
 
Financing: CCC has an authorized capital stock of  $100 million held by the United States, 
with the authority to have outstanding borrowings of up to $30 billion at any one time.  
Funds may be borrowed from the US Treasury and may also be borrowed from private 
lending agencies and others.  Interest on any bo rrowings from the Treasury (and on capital stock) is 
paid at a rate based upon the average interest ra te of all outstanding marketable obligations (of 
comparable maturity date) of the US Government as of the preceding month.  Interest may also be paid on other notes and obligations at  a rate prescribed by the CCC and approved by the Secretary of 
the Treasury.  
 
 Export Programmes:   CCC is authorized to make sales from its inventories to export 
markets.  However, CCC has not done so since 1995.     Import Programmes:   CCC has not engaged in import activity. 
 
(c) Type of entities other than the state tradi ng enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and c onditions for participation  
 
As noted, CCC does not have exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise market, any 
product.  All agricultural commodity import and expor t activities within the customs territory of the 
United States may be freely entered into by privat e sector traders without any special conditions or 
restrictions.     G/STR/N/10/USA 
 Page 3 
 
 
 (d)   How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise  
 
During the notification period, CCC did not import or export any commodities. 
 
(e) How export prices are determined  
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)).  
 
(f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined   
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)).  
 
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise.  Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations entered into by the 
government.  
 
CCC is not authorized to negotiate long-term sales contracts.   
 
(h) Description of market structure  
 Agricultural commodity markets are characteri zed by numerous independent buyers and 
sellers. 
 
4. Statistical Information  
 
Table I: Import information by product:  Not applicable; no products imported.  
 
Table II: Export information by product:  Not applicable; no products exported. 
 
Table III: Domestic activities where state trading enterprise also trades products 
internationally:  Not applicable; no products traded internationally.  
 5.  Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
 
During the period, CCC did not engage in expor ts or imports because such activity was not 
required to achieve CCC’s mission.   6. Additional Information    
None. 
  
II. ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMME 
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprise 
 
(a) Identification of state trading enterprise
 
 
The United States maintains the Isotope Produc tion and Distribution Programme within the 
Department of Energy.   G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 4  
 
 (b) Description of products affected
 
 
 The products affected are isotopes under Harmoni zed Tariff System headings 2844 and 2845. 
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
(a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
   The Department of Energy, through its laborator ies, provides radioactive and stable isotope 
products and associated services to a wide and varied  domestic and international market.  The Isotope 
Production and Distribution (IP&D) Programme produces and sells radioactive and stable isotopes, 
byproducts, surplus materials, and related isotope  services.  These products and services are sold 
worldwide and are used for a variety of resear ch, development, biomedical, and industrial 
applications.  The programme's objectives are to  produce and distribute isotopes for research and 
development, medical diagnostics and therapy, and other applications that are in the national interest.   
 
 (b) Summary of Basis for Exclusive Rights or Privileges
   
 
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 provides the basic authority for the Department of Energy to 
produce and distribute isotopes and to support research  and development of ne w isotope products and 
technology. 
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the State Trading Enterprise 
 
 (a) Overview    
 
The IP&D Programme markets, stores, and distri butes isotopes that are currently produced at 
Department of Energy laboratories.  The Departme nt supplies isotopes for use in medicine, research 
and development, and industry.  The Department of  Energy is the only US source of many important 
isotopes.  The Department of Energy is involved in  isotope production and distribution only where:  
(1) there is no US private sector capability;  (2) th ere is a need for unique government facilities such 
as nuclear reactors and associated hot cells, particle  accelerators and isotope enrichment facilities;  or 
(3) other productive capacity is insufficient to meet  pressing US needs.  The specific materials sold 
under the programme are listed in Annex I.    
The programme also develops improved means of producing and separating isotopes that are 
needed to serve the national inte rest.  Such services include, but are not limited to, irradiation 
services, target preparation and processing, source encapsulation and other special preparations, 
analyses and separations, services related to shipping, and processing returned isotopes. 
 
The programme's mission is to maintain the infrastructure required to support the national 
need for a reliable supply of isotope products, ser vices, and related technology used in medicine, 
industry, and research.  This assures that critical isotope production infrastructure is operated in a 
safe, secure, environmentally compliant and cost-eff ective manner, thus ensuring that the facilities are 
available to users who need DOE-produced isotopes. To this end, the Isotope  Programme functions as 
a business and, therefore, focuses attention on the quality of products and services, customer 
satisfaction, cost control, marketing, prici ng stability, and revenue and cash collections.  
 
The IP&D sells isotopes to government entiti es, domestic purchasers, and to foreign 
purchasers.     G/STR/N/10/USA 
 Page 5 
 
 
 The Department coordinates its activities with commercial producers to ensure the continued 
availability of essential isotopes.  The Department is streamlining its activiti es by consolidating or 
privatizing wherever possible to reduce the cost to US taxpayers. 
 (b) Specification of exclusive or special rights  or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise    
 
See (a) above. 
 
(c) Type of entities other than the state tradi ng enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and c onditions for participation  
 
Private companies and universities engaged in the production and distribution of isotopes are 
permitted to import and export isotopes.  
(d)   How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise
 
 
The programme forecasts future trends thro ugh frequent interactions between isotope 
customers and programme staff, site visits, attenda nce at professional meeti ngs, and coordination of 
programme activities with stakeholders in the isotope  community.  Research on market sizes, pricing 
pressures, and customer feedback is  also obtained through independent  surveys and studies, as well as 
programme management assessments. 
 
(e) How export prices are determined   
 
Prices charged for the programme's products are based on production costs, market value, and 
research needs. 
 
(f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined   
 
Import prices are determined by production costs and market value.    
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise.  Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations entered into by the 
government.  
 
Long-term contracts are negotiated often w ith price discounts for quantity purchases. 
(h) Description of market structure  
 
The worldwide isotope market has three major components: medical, industry (including 
homeland security), and scientific (non-medical) re search.  This market is characterized by high 
barriers to entry, production facilities that are pr imarily government owned a nd operated, and demand 
driven by a few major commercial customers.  The number of suppliers for selected major isotopes is 
growing due to a shortage of suppliers for these ke y isotopes used in hospitals and the private sector. 
 
4. Statistical Information 
 
2003: Table I.  The State Trading Enterprise (Isotope Production and Distribution CIP&D) is 
engaged in the primary production and distribution of stable (enriched) and ra dio-isotopes, not their 
importation.  In 2003, however, several targets with a total activity of 466,000 MBq were irradiated in 
foreign facilities and imported into this country by IP&D to augment domestic supply where IP&D G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 6  
 
 could not meet demand.  These irradiated targets we re chemically processed by IP&D with the result 
that significant value was added to the product by IP &D prior to being sold in a form required by the 
customers.   
2003: Table II.  Cobalt-60 (HS 2844.40.0010) not sold to foreign customers during this 
reporting period.  Heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000)  not exported during this reporting period. 
 
2003: Table III:  Because IP&D is engaged in the primary production of these isotopes for 
distribution, no domestic purchases of these material s were made by IP&D during 2003.  Cobalt-60 
(HS 2845.10.0000) was not sold domestically in 2003. 
 
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
 
 Not applicable.   
 6. Additional Information 
 
None. 
 
ANNEX 1 
 List of isotopes sold
 
 Actinium-225 Aluminium-26 Americium-241, -243 
Arsenic-73 
Beryllium-7 Bismuth-207 Calcium-42, -43, -44, -46, -48 Californium-252 Cadmium-109, -112 
Cesium-137 
Chromium-50, -53 Cobat-60 Copper-67 Curium-244, -248 
Dysprosium-163 
Gadolinium-148 Gallium-69 Germanium-68 Helium-3 Holmium-166 
Hydrogen-2, -3 
Iodine-125, -131 Iridium-192 Iron-54, -55, -57, -58 Krypton-78, -86 
Lead-204 
Lithium-6, -7 Lutetium-176, -177 Magnesium-28 Molybdenum-99  G/STR/N/10/USA 
 Page 7 
 
 
 Nickel-61, -62, -63 
Palladium-103 Phosphorous-32 Platinum-195m Plutonium-238, -239, -240, -242 
Polonium-209 
Rubidium-85, -87 Samarium-152 Selenium-75 Silicon-29, -32 
Sodium-22 
Strontium-82, -84, -85, -88, -89, -90 Technetium-95m,99 Tellurium-124 Thallium-203 
Thorium-229, -230 
Titanium-44 Tungsten-188/Rhenium-188 Uranium-234, -235, -238 Xenon-124, -126, -127, -133 Yttrium-88, -90 
Zinc-65, -66, -68, -70 
Zirconium-90, -92, -94, -96   
III. POWER ADMINISTRATIONS 
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprises 
 
(a) Identification of state trading enterprises
 
 
The United States maintains the Bonneville Po wer Administration and Western Area Power 
Administration within the Department of Energy.  
 
(b)  Description of product affected    
 
The product affected is Electrical Energy, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2716. 
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
(a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprises  
 
The Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) market wholesale electricity generated at 
hydroelectric dams owned and managed by the Unite d States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and 
the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamat ion).  The federal government began to market 
electricity after the Congress authorized the cons truction of the dams and established major water 
projects by the Corps and Reclamation, primarily in the 1930s through the 1960s.  The Corps and the Reclamation operate these projects to provide or manage water fo r such multiple purposes as 
irrigation, flood control, navigation, recreation, water supply, and environm ental enhancement.  These 
agencies also generate electricity at hydropower plan ts located at federal water projects.  The PMAs 
sell the power that is not used for projects' purposes to cooperatives and public bodies, such as 
municipal utilities, irrigation districts, military installations, and to other utilities.   G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 8  
 
 The self-financed Bonneville is obligated to me et requesting electric utility, non-generating, 
electric loads in its Pacific Northwest marketing area, encourage conservation, develop renewable 
energy resources and to protect, mitigate and enhance the fish and wildlife of the Columbia River and 
its tributaries.  Bonneville sells at wholesale th e electric power produced at 31 operating federal 
hydroelectric projects operated by the Corps and Reclamation and acquires and sells non-Federal 
electric power and conservation resources sufficient to meet the net, non-generating, requirements of 
Bonneville customers.  Bonneville's Administrato r and the Corps' Division Engineer, Northwestern 
Division, are directed by Executive Order to be  the US Entity overseeing the execution of the 1961 
Columbia River Treaty between the US and Canada.  
(b) Legal authority
 
 
The Department of Energy is responsible for the regionally based PMAs, which operate 
pursuant to their enabling legislation, including the Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977.    
The Bonneville Project Act of 1937 ( AProject Act @) established the Bonneville Power 
Administration within the Department of the Interi or (later incorporated into the Department of 
Energy).  The Bonneville Project Act, the Federa l Columbia River Transmission System Act of 1974, 
the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act of 1980, and other federal laws, 
contain provisions that define Bonneville's miss ion and/or affect the way it is carried out.   
 
The authority for Western Area Power Administration =s operations derives from the federal 
reclamations laws, in particular section 9(c)  of the Reclamation Project Act of 1939.  
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the State Trading Enterprises 
 
(a) Overview
 
 
The PMAs sell electric power that is not used by  the Reclamation or the Corps to provide or 
manage water for such multiple purposes as irriga tion, flood control, navigation, recreation, water 
supply, and environmental enhancement.   
 
(b)   Specification of exclusive or special righ ts or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprises    
 
The Bonneville Power Administration is self-financed.  The Western Area Power 
Administration is funded primarily by annual appropriations to the Department of Energy, and most 
of the revenue generated is deposited in the Mi scellaneous Receipts account and the Reclamation 
Fund in the US Treasury.  The PMAs are exempt from Federal income taxation and from state and local taxation.  
The Federal Government has invested capital into  the power features of the federal generating 
agencies and the PMAs, through annual appropriatio ns, and also borrowing authority in the case of 
the self-financed Bonneville, which the PMAs are requi red to repay with interest.  The interest rates 
are set by law, administrative order pursuant to law, or administrative policies.    
To finance its capital programmes, Bonneville is  authorized by the Federal Columbia River 
Transmission System Act of 1974, as amended, to issue to the US Treasury up to $4.45 billion of 
interest-bearing bonds with terms and repayment conditions comparable to debt issued by US 
government corporations.  Bonneville  is statutorily treated (16 USC 838i (c)) as a wholly owned US 
Government corporation under provisions of the Government Corporation Control Act (31 USC 
9106) for purposes of its financ ial and budget operations.    G/STR/N/10/USA 
 Page 9 
 
 
  
(c) Type of entities other than the state tradi ng enterprises that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and c onditions for participation  
 
More than 3,000 private investor-owned, local  government-owned, and cooperatively-owned 
utilities engaged in the generation, transmission and di stribution of electricity are permitted to import 
and export electricity.   
 (d)   How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprises
 
 
The PMAs may export electricity as authorized by each PMA’s legislative authority and by 
its management.  Western imports  and exports only nonfirm power.  A portion of the firm power 
output generated at federal a nd nonfederal mid-Columbia River projects is owned by Canada 
("Canadian Entitlement") under the terms of the Colu mbia River Treaty, and Bonneville delivers that 
power to Canada primarily at the US/Canad a border and is obligated to do so through 
16 September 2024.  Additionally, from time to time, Bonneville may expor t short-term nonfirm or 
firm energy or capacity.    
The PMAs are not required to obtain export auth orizations.  Import and export levels are 
determined by supply and demand.  
(e) How export prices are determined
   
 Western and Bonneville export surplus power at market based rates.   
 
(f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined
 
 
 The cost Bonneville and Western incur to pur chase imported power is incorporated into the 
power-related production costs for these agencies.  The resale price of all firm power sales 
(approximately 80 percent of the total sales) is ma de at cost-based firm power rates.  The remaining 
20 percent (surplus sales) is sold at a market rate.  This market price can vary significantly, depending 
on market conditions.  Any excess revenue derived from  the sale of surplus power is used to reduce 
future firm power rates, insuring that the agencies do not recover more than their full power-related 
costs.  
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprises.  Whether 
the state trading enterprises are used to fulf il contractual obligations entered into by 
the government.  
 
Western does not sign long-term contracts for the exportation or importation of nonfirm 
power.  Bonneville and Western sign long-term cont racts for the sale of federally-generated power 
within the United States.  Bonneville concluded on 1 April 2003 35-year contracts with a consortium 
of Northwest utilities ("Canadian Storage Power Exchange") to deliver Canadian Entitlement 
purchased by them under Columbia River Treaty agre ements for that time period.  The Columbia 
River Treaty provides for the delivery, through 16 September 2024, of approximately 4.6 Terawatt 
hours annually.   
(h) Description of market structure
  
 
The structure for the electricity market is co mpetitive.  Private investor-owned utilities, both 
US and foreign-owned, government instrumentaliti es and government-owned providers of electricity, 
are engaged in the generation, transmission and dist ribution of electricity in the US.  The regional 
electric grids are interconnected with Canada and Mexico.  There is no tariff on electricity. G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 10  
 
  
4. Statistical Information 
 
See attached tables. 
 5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place 
 
Not applicable. 
 
6. Other information    
 
None. 
  
IV. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE 
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprise 
 
 (a) Identification of state trading enterprise
 
 The United States maintains the Strategic Petr oleum Reserve within the Department of 
Energy. 
 
(b)  Description of product affected
 
 The product affected is Crude Petroleum, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2709. 
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
(a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise
 
 
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is a cr ude oil stockpile, managed by the Department 
of Energy (DOE).  The SPR mission is to reduce vulnerability to economic, national security, and 
foreign policy consequences of supply interruptions.  
 (b) Legal authority
   
 
The SPR was created pursuant to the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 
22 December 1975 (Public Law 94-163), as amended, to  reduce the impact of disruptions in supplies 
of petroleum products and to carry out obligati ons of the United States under the Agreement on an 
International Energy Programme.      
3. Description and Functioning of the State Trading Enterprise 
 
(a) Overview
 
 The United States, through the Strategic Petrol eum Reserve of the Department of Energy, 
owns and operates four underground storage facilitie s for crude oil with a combined storage capacity 
of 727 million barrels.  SPR acquires both domest ic and imported crude oil through purchase and 
exchange, and as well as production and royalties from Federal lands.  In recent years, oil has been 
obtained primarily through the competitive exchange of Federal offshore royalty oil for domestic or 
imported oil to be delivered to the SPR.     G/STR/N/10/USA 
 Page 11 
 
 
 During an emergency "drawdown" of crude oil fro m the reserve, the Department of Energy is 
to competitively sell and distribute the crude oil to  purchasers primarily through commercial pipelines 
and marine terminals.     
The SPR holds about 638 million barrels of crude  oil.  Together, the facilities and crude oil 
represent more than a $20 billion national investment. 
 
(b)   Specification of exclusive or special righ ts or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise    
 
The Department of Energy, Strategic Petroleum Reserve, is an agency of the United States 
Government funded by annual appropriations for th e Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account and the 
SPR Petroleum Account.  During an emergency draw down and sale of crude oil, the SPR Petroleum 
Account is the source of funding the incremental costs of withdrawing oil from the storage caverns and transporting it to the point where purchasers take title.  If additional funds are required for 
drawdown, they may be transferred from the St rategic Petroleum Reserve Account or other 
Department of Energy offices.  The Federal Gove rnment deposits to the account an amount equal to 
receipts realized from sales resulting from an emerge ncy drawdown to create additional funding to fill 
the SPR.  In recent years, funds in the SPR Petroleu m Account have been transferred to the Strategic 
Petroleum Reserve Account.  
(c) Type of entities other than the state tradi ng enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and c onditions for participation  
 Private companies engaged in the exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution 
of crude oil are permitted to im port and export crude oil.   
 
(d) How import/export levels are established for state trading enterprise
 
 Oil is imported in accordance with Reserve f ill plans as determined by legislative or 
administration direction.  
 
(e) How export prices are determined
 
 
The Department of Energy Strategic Petr oleum Reserve does not export crude oil.  
 (f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined
  
 
Imported and domestic crude oil is commingled  in the underground storage facilities.  The 
price of SPR crude oil sold is determined thro ugh competition open to all financially responsible 
offerors.  
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise.  Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations entered into by the 
government.  
 
The Department of Energy Strategic Petroleu m Reserve competitively negotiates six-months' 
term royalty exchange contracts to fill the Reserve. 
 
(h) Description of market structure  
 The structure of the crude oil market is intern ational and competitive.  Vertically-integrated 
oil companies and independent companies, both US and foreign-owned, are engaged in the G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 12  
 
 exploration, production, refining, storage and distribu tion of crude oil in the US.  The tariffs on crude 
oil are 5.25 cents per barrel for crude oil testi ng under 25 degrees API and 10.5 cents per barrel for 
crude oil testing 25 degrees API or more.   
4. Statistical Information 
 
See attached tables. 
 
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place 
 
 Not applicable.   
 
6. Additional Information   
 
None.  
  G/STR/N/10/USA
 Page 13TABLE I 
       
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution 
       
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2003  
       
Description of Product 
Including HS Number Total Quantity 
Imported* Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise Average Import 
Price Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production 
Element, Isotope & 
Compound with 
Radioactivity only –  
HS 2844.40.0010 Unknown 0 $0 Unknown Not applicable Unknown 
Radioactive Element, 
Isotope & Compound, 
nesoi - HS 2844.40.0020 Unknown 466,000 MBq $1.56/MBq Unknown Not applicable Unknown 
Heavy Water (deuerium 
oxide) - HS 2845.10.0000 Unknown 0 $0 Unknown Not applicable Unknown 
Isotopes, except heading 
2844; compound 
inorganic/organic, nesoi - 
HS 2845.90.0000 Unknown 0 $0 Unknown Not applicable Unknown 
 
 
  
 G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 14  
TABLE II  
       
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution  
       
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2003  
       
Description of Product 
Including HS Number Total Quantity 
Exported* Quantity Exported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise Average 
Procurement 
Price** Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales Price Average Export 
Price National Production 
Element, Isotope & 
Compound with 
Radioactivity only –  
HS 2844.40.0010 Unknown 0 $0 Unknown $0 Unknown 
Radioactive Element, 
Isotope & Compound, nesoi 
- HS 2844.40.0020 Unknown 358,500MBq $0 Unknown $2.75/MBq Unknown 
Heavy Water (deuerium 
oxide) - HS 2845.10.0000 Unknown 0 $0 Unknown $0 Unknown 
Isotopes, except heading 
2844; compound 
inorganic/organic, nesoi - 
HS 2845.90.0000 Unknown 0.060 kg $0 Unknown $3,500,000/kg Unknown 
 
  
  G/STR/N/10/USA
 Page 15 
TABLE III  
     
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution  
     
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2003  
     
Description of Product Including 
HS Number Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading Enterprises National Production Domestic Sales By State Trading 
Enterprise National Consumption 
Element, Isotope & Compound 
with Radioactivity only - HS 
2844.40.0010 $0 Unknown $0 Unknown 
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - HS 
2844.40.0020 $0 Unknown 1169.2 GBq Unknown 
Heavy Water (deuerium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000 $0 Unknown 913.5 kg Unknown 
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, 
nesoi - HS 2845.90.0000 $0 Unknown 0.152 kg Unknown 
  
 G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 16  
TABLE I 
        
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration 
        
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2003  
        
 Description of 
Product 
Including HS 
Number Total Quantity 
Imported* Quantity Imported by State 
Trading Enterprise Average Import Price Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price Mark-up** National Production 
Western Electrical Energy 
- HS 2716 30.390 billion 
KWH 71.6 million KWH $0.052/ KWH  7.42 cents per 
KWH  N/A 3,848 billion KWH 
Bonneville Electrical Energy 
- HS 2716 30.390 billion 
KWH Op Agrmnts: .8 billion KWH.  
Energy: .1 billion KWH Op Agrmnts: n/a.  
Energy: $.0395/KWH 7.42 cents per 
KWH  N/A 3,848 billion KWH 
 
 
  
  G/STR/N/10/USA
 Page 17 
TABLE II  
        
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration  
        
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2003  
        
 Description of 
Product 
Including HS 
Number Total Quantity 
Exported* Quantity Exported by State 
Trading Enterprise Average Procurement 
Price** Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price Average Export 
Price National Production 
Western Electrical Energy 
- HS 2716 23.972 billion 
KWH 306.6 million KWH $.0197/KWH 7.42 cents per 
KWH $.0242/KWH 3,848 billion KWH 
Bonneville Electrical Energy 
- HS 2716 23.972 billion 
KWH Op Agrmnts: 4.6 billion 
KWH.  Energy: 1.4 billion 
KWH N/A 7.42 cents per 
KWH Op Agrmnts: 
n/a.  Energy: 
$.0288/KWH 3,848 billion KWH 
  
 G/STR/N/10/USA 
Page 18  
TABLE III  
      
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration  
      
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2003  
      
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number Domestic Purchases By State 
Trading Enterprises National Production Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise National Consumption 
Western Electrical Energy - HS 2716 12.1 billion KW H 3,848 billion KWH 39.2 billion KWH 3,675 billion KWH 
Bonneville Electrical Energy - HS 2716 15,000 million KWH 3,848 billion KWH 87,918 million KWH 3,675 billion KWH 
 
  
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TABLE I 
       
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
       
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2003  
       
Description of 
Product Including HS 
Number Total Quantity 
Imported*  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise Average Import 
Price**  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price Mark-up**** National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 2709 3,520,729 
(1,000 Barrels)* 22,938 
(1,000 Barrels)  $30.41  $27.56 (Per Barrel)*** N/A 2,093,979 
(1,000 Barrels)***** 
 
*  Source:  http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/txt/stb0503.xls 
**  Average import price:  Total cost of imports by the S TE (c.i.f. basis) divided by the total quantity imported by the STE 
*** Source:  EIA Petroleum Marketing Monthly, Table 1 **** Members may report either under column 4 and 5 or under column 6 ***** Source:  http://www.eia. doe.gov.emeu/aer/txt/stb0502.xls 
   
 G/STR/N/10/USA 
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TABLE II  
       
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve  
       
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2003  
       
Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number Total Quantity 
Exported*  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise** Average Procurement 
Price*** Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average Export 
Price National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 
2709 4,538 
(1,000 Barrels)* 0 N/A $27.56 
 (Per Barrel)**** N/A 2,093,979 
(1,000 Barrels)***** 
 
*  Source:  http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/txt/stb0505.xls 
**  In cases where no exports have taken place under the column "Q uantity Exported by State Trading Enterprise", an explanation  is provided under 
Section V, paragraph 5 of this questionnaire. *** Average export price:  Average sales price of exports (f.o.b.  basis) by the state trading enterprise (total value by total quantity) 
**** Source:  EIA Petroleum Marketing Monthly, Table 1 ***** Source:  http://www.eia. doe.gov.emeu/aer/txt/stb0502.xls 
  
  G/STR/N/10/USA
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TABLE III  
     
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve  
     
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2003  
     
Description of Product Including 
HS Number Domestic Purchases By State Trading 
Enterprises National Production  Domestic Sales By 
State Trading 
Enterprise  National Consumption 
Crude Oil - HS 2709 16,397 (1,000 Barrels) 2,093,979 (1,000 Barrels)* 0 20,044 
(1,000 Barrels/Day 
Average)** 
 
*  Source:  http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/txt/stb0502.xls 
** Source:  http://www.eia.doe.gov.emeu/aer/txt/stb0513d.xls 
 
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