UGANDA STANDARD  
  US 845
First Edition
2008-09-08
 
 
Reference numbe r
US 845: 2008
 © UNBS 2008 
  
Road vehicles — Code of practice for inspection and testing of 
used motor vehicles for roadworthiness   
 US 845: 2008 
ii © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations 
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2008  
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, in cluding photocopying and microfilm, without prior written 
permission from UNBS. 
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to 
The Executive Director 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
P.O. Box 6329 
Kampala  
Uganda 
Tel: 256 414 505 995 
Fax: 256 414 286 123 
E-mail: unbs@infocom.co.ug
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  US 845:2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  iii
 Contents Page 
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv  
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1  
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................1  
3 Definitions ..............................................................................................................................................1  
4 Inspection for the performance characteristics .................................................................................2  
5  Inspection for the operational requirements ......................................................................................4  
6 Inspection of axles, wheels, and tyre ..................................................................................................5  
7 Marking ............................................................................................................................... ..................10  
Annex A (normative)  Wheel alignment testing .............................................................................................11  
Annex B  (normative)  Brake testing ..............................................................................................................12  
Annex C  (normative)   Exhaust emissions testing .......................................................................................13  
Annex D  (normative)   Head light testing ......................................................................................................14  
Annex E (normative) Sound level testing ......................................................................................................15  
 US 845: 2008 
iv © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 Foreword 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry  of Tourism, Trade and 
Industry established under Cap 327, of the Laws of Uganda.  UNBS is mandated to co-ordinate the 
elaboration of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex A limentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT/SPS Agr eements of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). 
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a gi ven field or area and consists of representatives of 
consumers, traders, academician s, manufacturers, governme nt and other stakeholders. 
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committ ee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
In reporting the results of a test made in accordance with this Uganda Standard, if the final value observed or 
calculated is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with EAS 124:1999, Rounding off number 
values. 
 
 
 
 
 UGANDA STANDARD US 845: 2008
 
© UNBS 2008– All rights reserved 1
 Road vehicles — Code of practi ce for inspection and testing 
of used motor vehicles for road worthiness 
1 Scope 
This Uganda Standard specifies the safety related performance characteristics of used motor vehicles and 
their inspection and tests for roadworthiness. 
2 Normative references 
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies. 
EAS 124:1999, Rounding off number values 
US 533:2006, Retro-reflective warning signs for road vehicles — Chevron signs 
3 Definitions 
For the purposes of this standard, the fo llowing terms and definitions shall apply.  
3.1  
inspection 
activities such as measuring, examining one or more characteristics of a product or service and comparing these with specified requirem ents to determine conformity 
3.2 
specification 
prescribed requirement with which the product or service has to conform 
3.3 
defect 
non-fulfilment of intended usage requirements 
3.4 
non-conformity 
non-fulfilment of specified requirements 
3.5 
reliability 
ability of an item to perform a required function u nder stated conditions or a stated period of time 
3.6 
quality 
totality of features and characteristics of a product or se rvice that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied 
needs  
  US 845: 2008 
2 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 4 Inspection for performance characteristics 
4.1 Inspection of steering wheel alignment 
The alignment of the steered wheels shall be inspected with a side slip tester machine or any other suitable 
apparatus. The reading for skidding shall not exceed 5 mm inward or outward for 1 m of travel (see Annex A). Wheel alignment shall also be inspected visually in accordance with the following: 
a) the camber shall not exceed the manufacturer's specified limits; or 
b) in the case of a semi trailer, any axle shall no t be out of square to the longitudinal centreline of the 
vehicle by more than 10.0 mm/m of length of trailer; and 
c) the front wheels (in the straight-ahead position) and  rear wheels shall be in the same vertical plane. 
When relevant, sidecar wheel shall be parallel to or  shall not have slight "toe-in" towards the front 
wheel (in the straight-ahead position). 
4.2 Inspection of braking force 
4.2.1 General 
The braking force of a vehicle under inspection shall be measured with one inspector therein as an occupant 
with no passenger or luggage, according to the requi rements specified in Annex B and the results shall 
conform to 4.2.2 and 4.2.3. 
4.2.2 Braking force of main brake system 
4.2.2.1 The total braking force of the main braking system shall not be less than 50 % of the axle weight 
of the vehicle, and the sum of braking forces on the rear  wheels shall not be less t han 50 % of the axle weight 
of the subject axle when unladen. 
4.2.2.2  For the main braking system, the difference of braking forces applied to the right and left wheels 
shall be 8 % or less of the axle weight of the subject axle when unladen. 
4.2.3 Braking force of parking brake system 
The total sum of the braking force of the parking brake sy stem shall not be less than 20 % of the weight of the 
vehicle as inspected. 
4.3 Level of noise produced by automobile 
4.3.1  The measurement of the noise level of steady r unning noise shall not be more than 88 dB(A). To 
allow for any lack of precision in the measuring equi pment, the highest sound level reading obtained shall be 
reduced by 1 dB (A). 
4.3.2  The muffler shall be free from corrosion, damage,  and cracking, and shall function favourably to 
muffle  sound. 
4.3.3  The noise level in the cabin should not be more than 70 dB(A). 
4.4 Exhaust gas from automobile 
4.4.1 General 
The concentration of or the level of contamination fr om exhaust gas shall be determined according to Annex 
C.  US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  3
 4.4.2 Automobiles using gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas as fuel 
The concentration of the exhaust gas from an automobile shall be measured when the engine is idling, and 
inserting the probe of a tester into the exhaust pipe to a depth of approximately 60 cm (if this is not feasible, 
measures to prevent the ingress of air from outsi de shall be taken before inserting the probe). The 
measurements shall not exceed the following reference values: 
a) concentration of carbon monoxide - 4.5 %; and 
b) concentration of hydrocarbon: 
i) 4-cycle engine - 1 200 ppm;  
ii) 2-cycle engine - 7 800 ppm; and 
iii) special engine - 3 300 ppm. 
 
4.4.3 Automobiles using light oil (diesel) as fuel 
The excessive black smoke or fumes emitted from the automobile shall not be allowed. 
4.4.4 Smoke and soot emission 
The following automobile components shall be securely installed and free from damage: 
a) exhaust pipe, which, in addition, shall be free from excessive deformation; 
b) catalytic muffler;. 
c) blow by gas reducing device; and 
d) emission control device for fuel evaporative gases. 
4.5 Brightness of headlamps and orientation of main optical axis 
4.5.1 General 
The brightness of headlamps and the or ientation of their main optical ax is shall be measured either manually 
or using suitable apparatus with the light receiving portion of a tester squarely opposed to the headlamp 
according to the distance and method of measurement. The manual measurements shall be done in 
accordance with test methods specified in Annex D and shall agree with the reference values in 4.5.2 and 
4.5.3. 
4.5.2 Luminous intensity  
4.5.2.1 Four -lamp type 
For the main headlamp for driving, the intensity sh all be 12 000 cd or above and with a sub headlamp added, 
the intensity shall be 15 000 cd or above.  
4.5.2.2 Other types 
For the headlamps for driving, the in tensity shall be 15 000 cd or above. 
4.5.3 Orientation of main optical axis 
The main optical axis shall be properly oriented both in the horizontal and vertical directions. US 845: 2008 
4 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 4.6 Horn 
With the engine of an automobile stopped, the loudness of its alarm unit (that is, the horn) shall meet the 
requirements below. Measurement shall be conducted in ac cordance with test method specified in Annex E. A 
microphone set in a position 1.0 m above the ground and at 2.0 m from the front of the vehicle: 
a) reference value, within the range 90 dB(A) through 115 dB(A); and  
b) the sound of an alarm buzzer shall be  continuous and of constant volume. 
4.7 Speedometer  
The speedometer shall be in good working order. 
5 Inspection for the operational requirements 
5.1 Inspection for engine 
The engine shall be inspected visually while observing the following: 
a) the engine shall start with ease, and shall not pr oduce excessive unusual noise or vibration during 
operation; 
b) no oil leakage or water leakage shall be observed from the main body of the engine; and 
c) no cracking, damage, or deformation shall be ob served in the oil sump, and there shall be no oil 
leaking from the gaskets. 
5.2 Exhaust pipe 
The positioning and routing of exhaust pipe shall be done in acceptable manner and observation of the 
following shall be made: 
a) no damage or cracking shall be permitt ed in the intake or exhaust manifold; 
b) no cracking or rubber flaking shall be observed in the exhaust pipe and support bracket; and 
c) the muffler and the gaskets of the exhaust pipe shall be free from damage, exhaust leakage, and 
noise. 
5.3 Inspection of cooling system 
No coolant leakage shall be observed from the radiat or or rubber hoses. Where an  air conditioning system is 
fitted, the refrigerant shall not be chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS). 
5.4 Fuel system 
5.4.1  The fuel system shall have no visible leakage. 
5.4.2  The fuel tank shall not be deformed and shall be firmly mounted. 
5.5 Transmission system 
5.5.1 Clutch 
5.5.1.1  There shall be no anomalies in the engagement sy stem of the clutch (for example, slip, 
incomplete disengagement, judder and unusual noise) and shall operate smoothly. US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  5
 5.5.1.2  No oil leakage shall be permitted in the clutch system. 
5.5.1.3  A clutch pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping. 
5.5.1.4  For automatic transmission vehicles, the torque converter shall function properly. 
5.5.2 Transmission 
5.5.2.1 The transmission shall be capable of being turned  to each shift position with ease in the idling 
state, and there shall be no excessive play in the shift lever in any shift position. 
5.5.2.2 The gears or bearings in the transmission shall not produce unusual noise, and no oil leakage 
shall be permitted from oil seals. 
5.5.2.3  For an automatic transmission car, the indicator reading shall be matched with the actual shift 
position, and its engine shall not be capable of being star ted in any position other than the (P) position and 
neutral (N) position. 
5.5.3 Propeller shaft 
5.5.3.1 No excessively loose fixing bolt or joint shall be present at the coupling portions in the propeller 
shaft. 
5.5.3.2  The propeller shaft shall not produce run-out  or excessive vibration during driving. 
5.5.4 Final drive system 
The final drive system shall be free from exce ssive backlash, unusual noise, and oil leakage. 
5.5.5 Axle housing 
No cracking, damage, deformation or oil leak age shall be permitted in the axle housing. 
5.6 Suspension system 
5.6.1 No cracking damage, setting, or misalignment shall be permitted in the spring and the clip band. 
Center bolt or U-bolt shall not be damaged, missing, or loose. 
5.6.2 No excessive play, oil leakage, or gas leakage shall be present at t he mounting portions of the shock 
absorber. 
5.6.3  The torque rod, radius rod, and their brackets shall be free from deformation and damage such as 
cracking and mounting portions and coupling portions shall not be loose or damaged. 
5.6.4  No damaged or loosely mounted upper or lower arm shall be permitted and the arm and support arm 
shall be free from cracking, damage, and bends. 
6 Inspection of axles, wheels, and tyre 
6.1 Axles 
6.1.1  The axles shall be free from cracking and damage, and the shaft shall be free from looseness and 
backlash 
6.1.2  No nuts or bolts shall be loose or missing in a wheel 
6.1.3  The wheel disks, rims and side rings shall be free from cracking and damage due to excessive 
corrosion or deformation, and the disk  shall be free from excessive run-out. US 845: 2008 
6 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 6.1.4  Wheel bearing shall be free from excessive backla sh and the drag from the brakes and the preload on 
bearings shall be correct. 
6.2 Steering system 
6.2.1 Steering wheel 
6.2.1.1  The steering wheel shall be capable of being ea sily and reliably operated by a driver sitting in 
position, and the steering wheel shall be mounted wit hout backlash, lightly oper ated and with proper play. 
6.2.1.2  There shall be no backlash in the direct ion of the axis of the steering shaft. 
6.2.1.3  The effort required to manipulate the steering wheel shall not be excessively different between 
the clockwise direction and anticlockwise direction. 
6.2.2 Steering gear box 
6.2.2.1  The gearbox shall be mounted without looseness and be free from oil leakage. 
6.2.2.2  The sector shaft shall be free from backlash. 
6.2.3 Steering linkage 
6.2.3.1  The steering linkage shall be free from deformation and damage such as cracking.  
6.2.3.2  No loosely mounted parts, excess ive backlash or defective split pin shall be present in any part of 
the rod arms. 
6.2.3.3  There shall be no risk of the wheels coming into contact with the frame, fender, brake hose or any 
other part during steering. 
6.2.4 Power steering 
The power steering system shall be free from oil leak age and looseness in its body or connecting portions and 
shall operate and function properly. 
6.3 Brake system 
6.3.1 Brake pedal 
6.3.1.1  The height, play, and full depression of the br ake pedal shall be correct, and the clearance 
between it and the floorboard shall not be less than 25% of the overall stroke of the pedal. (For an air brake, 
the play of its pedal shall not exceed 20 mm). 
6.3.1.2  The brake pedal shall be free from backlash in  the axial direction, and shall not produce any 
unusual noise when depressed. 
6.3.1.3  The brake pedal shall be provided with a mechanism to prevent slipping or a rubber pad. 
6.3.1.4  The brake system shall be free from  oil leakage and the ingress of air. 
6.3.2 Parking brake 
6.3.2.1  The parking brake shall be completely engaged when the brake lever is fully activated. 
6.3.2.2  The pulling margin of the brake lever shall not be more than 70 % of its overall stroke. 
6.3.2.3  The ratchet shall not be worn or damaged. US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  7
 6.3.3 Brake rods and cables 
Any visual damage shall not be allowed 
6.3.4 Brake hose and piping 
6.3.4.1  No damaged or loosely installed brake hoses or pipes shall be permitted and there shall be no oil 
leakage or air leakage from piping or joints. 
6.3.4.2  There shall be no risk of a hose or pipe being brought into contact with any other part and no 
hose or pipe shall show signs of having been in contact with any other part. 
6.3.5 Master cylinder and wheel cylinder 
The master cylinder and wheel cylinder shall function properly and shall be free from oil leakage, and no bend 
or damage shall be present in the push rod. 
6.3.6 Backing plate 
The backing plate shall be free from deformation and distortion, and shall not be cracked especially in proximity to anchor pin installation areas. 
6.3.7 Air brake 
The hoses and pipes, release valv e, and brake chamber shall be free from damage and air leakage. The 
brake chamber and rod shall be free from deformation, and no split pins shall be missing. 
6.3.8 Braking servo unit 
The servo unit shall function properly and there shall be no liquid or air leakage from the unit or pipe joints. 
6.4 Tyres 
The tyres shall be inspected visually in accordance  to types and sizes while observing the following. 
a) the tread pattern shall not be excessively worn or damaged. The sidewall shall be free from cracking 
and damage and tread shall not show signs of slipping; and 
b) tyres shall be free from excessive worn out. 
6.5 Front windshield and other window glass 
6.5.1 Front windshield 
The windshield shall be made of safety glass, and sha ll be free from any distortion or flaws that may limit 
visibility. 
6.5.2 Other window glass 
Other window glass shall not be broken, and the window glass shall be clear. 
6.6 Lighting devices and reflectors 
6.6.1 Colour of lighting 
The light from headlamps shall be white and the colour of all headlamps shall be identical. US 845: 2008 
8 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 6.6.2 Brake lights 
The light from brake lamps shall be red, and the brake lamps shall be automatically turned on when the main 
brake system is activated. 
6.6.3 Number plate lights 
The light from license plate lamps shall be white in colour and the licence plates lamps shall be so structured 
that they are not interlocked with the headlamps or position lamps. 
6.6.4 Parking lights 
The light from parking lamps shall be red in colour and the parking lamps shall be so structured that they are interlocked with the headlamps or auxiliary headlamps. 
6.6.5 Reverse lights 
The light from back-up lamps shall be white in colour. 
6.6.6 Indicating device 
Indicator lights lamps shall be installed at the front and rear of an automobile, and shall be positioned 
bilaterally and symmetrically in pairs, respectively. The light from the indicator lamps shall be orange, and the 
lights shall flash 60 through 120 times per minute. 
6.6.7 Indicator lights 
The light from position lamps shall be orange or light ye llow and the colour of left and right position lamps shall 
be identical. 
6.6.8 Reflectors 
Reflectors used shall be in accordance with requirements specified in US 533. 
6.6.9 Function and damage 
Lighting devices and reflectors shall function normally and shall be free from damage and dirt. 
6.7 Devices for ensuring vision 
6.7.1 Wipers 
The windscreen shall be provided with wipers capable of cleaning the windscreen. The wipers shall function 
normally and its blades shall be free from damage. 
6.7.2 Rear view mirror 
6.7.2.1  The rear view mirror shall be firmly insta lled, and its surface shall be free from smudges, 
distortion and cracking. 
6.7.2.2  The rear view mirror shall be so structured  that its orientation can be easily adjusted and 
maintained. 
6.8 Mileage meter and other instruments 
The mileage meter and other instruments such as wate r temperature indicator, fuel gauge, and tachometer, 
shall function properly and be free from damage. US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  9
 6.9 Warning system 
6.9.1 Warning lights 
Warning lights shall provide warning on the state of oil pressure, charging, parking brake and opening of 
doors, and the warning lights shall function favourably and be free from damage. 
6.9.2 Hazard warning flashing lights 
Hazard warning flashing lights shall be installed bilaterally and symmetrically and shall function properly. The hazard warning flashing lights shall be free from damage and shall be orange or light yellow. 
6.10 Goods - carrying equipment 
Goods-carrying equipment shall be capable of carrying goods safely and reliably. 
6.11 Frame and vehicle body 
6.11.1 Frame 
6.11.1.1 The frame of an automobile shall be suff iciently rigid to withstand driving. 
6.11.1.2  The frame shall be free from cracking, damage or deformation. 
6.11.1.3  No loose rivets shall be permitted at the joints between a side member and a cross member and 
no cracking shall be observed in proximity to rivet holes. 
6.11.2 Vehicle body 
6.11.2.1 The vehicle body shall be reliably secured on the frame, and shall not be loosened by vibration or 
impact. 
6.11.2.2 The contour and any other shape of the vehicle body shall not contain any sharp projections, 
protruded rotating parts or any other elements that may in terfere with the safe traffic of other vehicles or 
pedestrians 
6.11.2.3 Any cracking, corrosion or distorti on in parts such as pillars a nd the floorboard, which constitute 
the fundamentals or a vehicle body and sills, shall be remedied. 
6.12 Vehicle dimensions 
6.12.1 Overall length 
6.12.1.1 A bus - train shall not exceed 20 m. 
6.12.1.2 A single vehicle, excluding a semi trailer, incl uding any drawbar or coupling, shall not exceed 12.5 
m. 
6.12.1.3 A trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi trailer), the GVM of which does not exceed 
12,000 kg, shall not exceed 8 m, excluding the length of the drawbar or coupling; 
6.12.1.4 An articulated motor vehicle or other combination of motor vehicles consisting of drawing vehicle 
and a semi trailer, including any draw bar or coupling, shall not exceed 17 m. 
6.12.1.5 A distance between the drawing vehicle and the tr ailer, shall not exceed 1.8 m, including any 
drawbar or coupling. 
6.12.1.6 A trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi trailer) the GVM of which exceeds 12,000 
kg, shall not exceed 11.3 m, excluding t he length of the drawbar or coupling. US 845: 2008 
10 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 6.12.1.7 A trailer not referred to in 6.12.1.3, 6.12.1.5 and 6.12.1.6 above (other than a semi trailer), the 
GVM of which exceeds 12,000 kg, shall not exceed 12.5 m excluding the length of any drawbar or coupling. 
6.12.1.8 Any other combination of vehicles including any  drawbar or coupling shall not exceed 22 m. 
6.12.2 Overall overhang — Front overhang 
Measure the distance between the front axle and the front of the bu mper and observe the following: 
a) semi - trailer shall not exceed 1.8 m; or 
b) any vehicle (other than trailer or  trailer with axle unit) shall not: 
• exceed 60 % of the base ; 
• exceed 6.2 m less half of the wheel base, in the case of vehicle in which the front surface of 
the backrest of the driver s’ seat and seat level is within 1. 7 m of the front end of the vehicle, 
when such seat, if adjustable, is in the rear position; or 
• exceed 5.8 m less half the wheel base , in the case of any other vehicle. 
6.13 Coupling device 
6.13.1  The coupling device shall be rigid and so structured t hat it will provide secure coupling. The coupling 
device shall not be disconnected due to vibration or im pact during driving and shall sufficiently withstand 
driving. 
6.13.2  The coupler of the coupling device shall be installe d without looseness and sha ll function favourably. 
The pitching shaft, rolling shaft, and bearings  shall be free from wear and damage. 
6.13.3  The kingpin of the coupling device for trailers shall be installed without looseness. 
6.13.4  The pintle hook and lunette eye installed on truc ks etc, shall be reliably operatable and free from 
damage. 
6.14 Vehicle appearance 
6.14.1 Any serious damage to an outer panel shall be remedied. 
6.14.2  Window glass elevating devices shall be functional. 
6.14. 3  Any other damage that may interfere with the sa fe driving of the vehicle shall not be permitted. 
7 Marking 
Unless otherwise stated, the following information shall be made available: 
a) certificate of roadwort hiness attesting conformity to the requi rements according to clauses 4. 5 and 6. 
b) certificate of appraisal showing model, year of manufacture, engine capacity and mileage. 
 US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  11
 Annex A  
(normative)  
 
Wheel alignment testing 
A.1 Purpose 
This annex sets out the assessment of the wheel slip sideways, to be measured while the vehicle is travelling. 
The unit of scale employed on measuring the slip is generally (m/km) is the amount of the wheel slip 
perpendicular to the direction of travel as the vehicle makes a straight drive for 1 km. 
A.2 Apparatus 
The tester may be either mechanical or electrical depending on the method by which the amount of movement 
of the board is detected and transmitted to the indicato r. The length of the running board is available in either 
500 mm, 800 mm, or 1000 mm. 
A.3 Procedure 
Before performing the test, make sure  that there is no dirt on the boar d and that the boards and the indicator 
are functioning properly. Then let the vehicle run straight parallel to the center line of the tester at 4 km/h and 
read the maximum amount of slip indicated on the scale, before the front wheels completely pass the boards: 
Make necessary adjustments to the vehicle wheel alignm ent if the reading is 5 mm or more or even when less 
than 5 mm or if the figure is different from the value designated from the given vehicle. US 845: 2008 
12 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 Annex B  
(normative)  
 
Brake testing 
B.1 Purpose 
This annex sets out the assessment of the braking capa city of the vehicle. The widely used testers are roller 
driven. The rollers rotate with the wheels placed on top of them. The rollers are motor driven supplied in a set 
of two, one for each wheel. When brakes are applied, a rota tion resistance is applied to the roller that creates 
torque in the direction opposite to the roller rotation. 
B.2 Apparatus 
There are various types of testing eq uipments such as the roller gearbox driven type and roller driven worn 
shaft type. 
B.3 Procedures 
Turn on the motor and let the rollers run idle to check that they are smoothly rotating. Make sure the needle 
indicator is adjusted to zero. 
Turn off the motor and move the vehicle to place its wheels on top of and perpendicular to the rollers. Make sure that each of the wheels to be meas ured are firmly supported by two rollers. 
Turn on the motor and let the rollers rotate. Before applying the brakes, check the reading on the indicator and make sure there is no drag of brakes. Then slowly step on the brake pedal. Gradually press down the pedal. 
The wheels will be eventually locked and the readi ng on the indicator will become constant. 
Read the value indicated immediately prior to the lock ing of the wheels. This value is usually the maximum 
braking force. 
Measure the braking force of  both front and rear wheels. US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  13
 Annex C  
(normative)  
 
Exhaust emissions testing 
C.1 Purpose 
The test is done to measure the volumetric concentrations  of CO and HC emissions at idling and not at slightly 
higher speed and load. 
C.2 Apparatus 
The apparatus used should be an independent exhaust - gas analyzer unit or part of engine analyzer. 
C.3 Procedures 
Procedures for calibrating and using exhaust gas analysers vary with the make and model of testers so 
emphasis shall be put on careful reading of the instructions for the analyzer. 
Make necessary connections (electrical supply etc), urn on the analyzer, warm the equipment and calibrate 
the HC and CO meters for zero reading. 
Check the system to be sure it is leak free. 
To measure the amount of CO, run the engine at fast idle  (say 1 500  rpm to 2 000 rpm for about 30 s), then 
run the engine at its specified idle speed and read CO on the CO meter. 
To measure the HC, run the engine at fast idle (1500 rpm - 2000 rpm for about 30 s), then run the engine at its 
specified idle speed then read HC on the HC meter. 
For diesel engine, vehicle measurem ent is done under no load and quickly accelerated and the percentage of 
smoke is read from the smoke meter or inspection done visually. US 845: 2008 
14 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 Annex D  
(normative)  
 
Head light testing 
D.1 Purpose 
This annex sets out test for determining the luminos ity and direction of irradiation (am) of the headlamp 
manually. The luminosity is expressed in candela (cd) and the direction of irradiation is generally indicated by 
the amount (in cm or mm) which the ma in optical axis oscillates at a 10m distance in th e front or as specified 
by the vehicle manufacturer as to agreed standards. 
D.2 Apparatus 
There are various types of testers according to the methodology and specifications of measurements. The 
types of headlight testers are classified into types: screen type, projecting type. and automatic tester(Le. 
automatic optic axis tracking testing) type. 
D.3 Procedure 
The arrangement shall be done as shown in Figure D. 1. The results shown in Figure D.2 and FigureD.3. 
together with the following general guidelines on ha ndling a headlight tester shall also be observed: 
a) air pressure of all the tyres is of standard/specified value; 
b) there is no inclination of v ehicle body due to damaged springs; 
c) the tester and the vehicle are precisely facing each other; 
d) the testing floor is flat; 
e) the distance between the tester a nd the vehicle headlamp is accurate;  
f) the engine is running and its battery  is being charged while testing; and 
g) the vehicle should be unlad en with one driver on board. 
NOTE Luminosity refers to the brightne ss of light source and is expressed in  candelas (cd) where as illumination 
refers to the brightness of the irradiat ed surface and is expressed in luxes (Ix). 
 US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  15
 Annex E  
(normative) 
 
Sound level testing 
E.1 Purpose 
This annex sets out assessment of the levels of noises produced by the vehicle and the sound of its horn. The 
gauge simulates human auditory perception. T he audit level is indicated in dB (A) units. 
Also sound can be expressed in many phy sical quantities other than dB (A) su ch as in Pascal (Pa) unit of 
pressure, sound power (watts), intensity (s ound/surface) in watts per square metre (W/m2) or particle speed 
(m/s). 
NOTE 1 
olog 20 dB level Sound
PP
× =  
where  
P0 is the lowest audible sound of 20 MPa 
NOTE 2 1 Pa = 1 N/m2 
 1 atm = 105 Pa 
E.2 Apparatus 
Apparatus uses microphone that  converts sound captioned in electrical current and its level is indicated on the 
indicator in dB(A). 
E.3 Procedures 
Calibrate the indicator before use, follow specific in structions as to the gauge settings and measurements 
taking. Note the specific settings for measuring of exhaust noises and sound level of the horn, careful noting 
placement of a gauge to avoid interference of background noises and reflected sounds. Make adjustments for 
such noises where such noises cannot be avoided. US 845: 2008 
16 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 
 
 US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved  17
 
 US 845: 2008 
18 © UNBS 2008 – All rights reserved
 Bibliography 
[1] JAAI 16 - 303, Inspection standard for exported used cars published by Japan Auto Appraisal 
Institute (JAAI) 
[2] SABS 047,  The testing of motor vehicle for roadworthiness published by the South African 
Bureau of Standards 
[3] TZ 698:2003 , Road vehicles - Code of practice for inspection and testing of used motor vehicles 
for road worthiness  
 US 845: 2008 
© UNBS 2008– All rights reserved 19
 Certification marking 
Products that conform to Uganda standards may be  marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is gove rned by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licens ed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in co njunction with the relevant Uganda Standard. The 
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and  testing in accordance with the 
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National  Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of  licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda 
National Bureau of Standards.  
 
 US 845: 2008 
 
ICS nn.nnn.nn 
Price based on 24 pages 
© UNBS 2008– All rights reserved