EN    EN EN  
EN    EN  EUROPEAN COMMISSION 
Brussels, XXX 
C(2010) YYY final 
Draft 
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No …/.. 
of 
implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 
with regard to ecodesign requirements for fans  driven by motors with an electric input 
power between 125 W and 500 kW  
EN 2   EN Draft 
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No …/.. 
implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 
with regard to ecodesign requirements for fans  driven by motors with an electric input 
power between 125 W and 500 kW 
  
(Text with EEA relevance) 
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Having regard to Directive 2009/125/EC of the Eu ropean Parliament and of the Council of 21 
October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-
related products
1 and in particular Article 15(1) thereof, 
After consulting the Ecodes ign Consultation Forum, 
Whereas: (1) Under Directive 2009/125/EC ecodesign requi rements are to be set by the Commission 
for energy-related products repr esenting significant volumes of  sales and trade, having 
a significant environmental impact a nd presenting signifi cant potential for 
improvement in terms of thei r environmental impact withou t entailing excessive costs. 
(2) Article 16(2) of Directive 2009/125/EC provi des that in accordance with the procedure 
referred to in Article 19(3) and the criteria set out in Article 15(2) , and after consulting 
the Consultation Forum, the Commission will as appropriate introduce an implementing measure for products using electr ic motor systems, including fans driven 
by motors with an electric input between 125 W and 500 kW.   
(3) Fans driven by motors with an electr ic input power between  125 W and 500 kW power 
range are an important part of various air handling products. These fans are driven by 
electric motors. Minimum efficiency require ments have been established for electric 
motors in Commission Regul ation (EC) No 640/2009 of 22 July 2009 implementing 
Directive 2005/32/EC of the Eu ropean Parliament and of th e Council with regard to 
ecodesign requirements for electric motors
2, including electric motors equipped with 
variable speed drives. They apply to thos e motors which are part of a motor-fan 
system. However, most fans covered by this  Regulation are used in combination with 
motors not covered by Regulation (EC) No 640/2009.  
                                                 
1 OJ L 285, 31.10.2009, p. 10. 
2 OJ L 191, 23.7.2009, p. 26.  
EN 3   EN (4) Total electricity consumption of fans driv en by motors with an  electric input power 
between 125 W and 500 kW is 410 TWh per year, rising to 660 TWh in 2020 if current 
Union market trends persist. The cost-e fficient improvement potential through design 
is about 54 TWh per year in 2020, which corresponds to 25 Mt of CO 2 emissions. 
Consequently, fans with an electric input  power between 125 W and 500 kW represent 
a priority product for which ecodesign requirements should be established.  
(5) Many fans are integrated in other produc ts without being separately placed on the 
market or put into service within the meaning of Artic le 5 of Directive 2009/125/EC 
and of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European  Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 
2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC3. To achieve the full cost-
efficient energy-saving pot ential, fans within a 125 W – 500 kW power range 
integrated in other products s hould also be subject to the pr ovisions of th is Regulation. 
(6) The Commission has carried out a prepar atory study which analysed the technical, 
environmental and economic aspects of fa ns. The study was developed together with 
stakeholders and interested parties from th e Union and third countries, and the results 
have been made publicly available. Furthe r work and consultations showed that the 
scope could be further extended subject to exemptions being made for some applications where the requireme nts would not be appropriate. 
(7) The preparatory study shows that fans driv en by motors with an input power between 
125 W and 500 kW are placed on the Union market  in large quantitie s, with their use-
phase energy consumption being the most si gnificant environmental aspect of all life 
cycle phases.  
(8) The preparatory study shows that electricity consumption in use is the only significant 
ecodesign parameter relating to product de sign as laid down in Directive 2009/125/EC. 
(9) Improvements in the energy efficiency of fa ns driven by motors with an electric input 
power between 125 W and 500 kW should be achieved by appl ying existing non-
proprietary cost-effective t echnologies that can reduce th e total combined costs of 
purchasing and operating them. 
(10) Ecodesign requirements should harmonise th e energy efficiency requirements for fans 
driven by motors with an electric in put power between 125 W and 500 kW throughout 
the Union, thus contributing to the functioni ng of the internal market and to the 
improvement of the environmental performance of these products. 
(11) An appropriate timeframe should be pr ovided for manufacturers to redesign products 
and to adapt production lines. The timing shoul d be such that negative impacts on the 
supply of fans driven by motors with an  electric input power  between 125 W and 500 
kW are avoided, and cost impacts for manufact urers, in particular  small and medium-
sized enterprises, ar e taken into account, while ensu ring timely achievement of the 
objectives of this Regulation. 
(12) The energy efficiency of fans driven by motors with an input power between 125 W 
and 500 kW should be determined throug h reliable, accurate and reproducible 
measurement methods, which take into a ccount the recognised state of the art, 
                                                
 
3 OJ L 157, 9.6.2006, p. 24.  
EN 4   EN including, where available, harmonise d standards adopted by the European 
standardisation bodies, as liste d in Annex I to Directive 98/34/EC of the European 
Parliament and of the Council of 22 J une 1998 laying down a procedure for the 
provision of information in the field of tec hnical standards and regul ations and of rules 
on Information Society services4. 
(13) This Regulation should increase the mark et penetration of technologies that limit the 
life-cycle environmental impact of fans driven  by motors with an electric power input 
between 125 W and 500 kW, leading to annual estimated electricity  savings of 54 TWh 
by 2020, compared to the situation where no measures are taken. 
(14) In accordance with Articl e 8 of Directive 2009/125/EC, th is Regulation should specify 
the applicable conformity assessment procedures. 
(15) In order to facilitate compliance checks, manufacturers sh ould be requested to provide 
information in the technical documentati on referred to in Annexes IV and V to 
Directive 2009/125/EC. 
(16) In order to further limit the environmenta l impact of fans driven by motors with an 
electric input power between 125 W and 500 kW, manufacturers should provide 
relevant information on disassembly, recycling or disposal at end-of -life of such fans. 
(17) Benchmarks for currently available fan types with high energy efficiency should be 
identified. This will help to ensure the wide availability and easy accessibility of information, in particular for small and medi um-sized enterprises a nd very small firms, 
which will further facilitate th e integration of best design t echnologies and facilitate the 
development of more efficient produ cts for reducing energy consumption. 
(18) The measures provided for in this Regul ation are in accordance with the opinion of the 
Committee established by Article 19(1) of Directive 2009/125/EC, 
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: 
Article 1 
Subject matter and scope 
1. This Regulation establishe s ecodesign requirements for th e placing on the market or 
putting into service of fans driv en or designed to be driven by motors with an electric 
input power between 125 W and 500 kW, in cluding those integrated in other 
products. 
2. This Regulation shall not apply to fans with an electric input power between 125 W 
and 500 kW which are: 
(a) designed to operate in potentially expl osive atmospheres as defined in Directive 
94/9/EC
5; 
                                                 
4 OJ L 204, 21.7.1998, p. 37. 
5 OJ L 100, 19.4.1994, p. 1.  
EN 5   EN (b) designed for emergency use only, at shor t-time duty, with regard to fire safety 
requirements set out in  Directive 89/106/EC6;  
(c) designed to operate: 
(i) a. where operating temperatures  of the gas being moved exceed 
100ºC; 
 b. where operating ambient temperature for the motor, if located 
outside the gas stream, driving the fan exceeds 40°C; 
(ii) where the annual average temperatur e of the gas being moved and/or the 
operating ambient temperature for the motor, if located outside the gas 
stream, are lower than -15ºC; 
(iii) with a supply voltage >1  000 V AC or >1  500 V DC; 
(iv) in toxic, highly corrosive or flam mable environments or in environments 
with abrasive substances. 
(v) with an optimum energy efficiency at 8000 rotations per minute or  
more; 
(vi) in applications in which the ra tio of the discharg e pressure over the 
suction pressure is over 1.11; 
(vii) in tumble and washing dryers. 
Article 2 
Definitions 
In addition to the definitions set out in Di rective 2009/125/EC, the following definitions shall 
apply: 
(1) ‘Fan’ means a rotary bladed machine that is used to maintain a continuous flow of 
gas, typically air, passin g through it and whose work per unit mass does not exceed 
25 kJ/kg, and which: 
– is designed for use with or equipped with an electrical motor with an electric input 
power between 125 W and 500 kW to drive the impeller; 
– is an axial fan, centrifugal fan, cross flow fan, box fan, mixed flow fan or roof fan; 
– may or may not be equipped with a motor when placed on the market or put into 
service; 
(2) ‘Impeller’ means the part of the fan that is imparting energy into the airflow and is 
also known as the fan wheel; 
                                                 
6 OJ L 40, 11.2.1989, p. 12.  
EN 6   EN (3) ‘Axial fan’ means a fan that propels air in  the direction axial to the rotational axis of 
one or more impeller(s) with a swirling tangential motion created by the rotating impeller(s). The axial fan may or may not  be equipped with a cylindrical housing, 
inlet or outlet guide vanes or an orifice panel or orifice ring;  
(4) ‘Inlet guide vanes’ are va nes positioned before the impe ller to guide the air stream 
towards the impeller and which may or may not be adjustable;  
(5) 'Outlet guide vanes' are vanes positioned after the impeller to guide the air stream 
from the impeller and which ma y or may not be adjustable; 
(6) ‘Orifice panel’ means a panel with an ope ning in which the fan sits and which allows 
the fan to be fixed to other structures; 
(7) ‘Orifice ring’ means a ring with an opening in which the fan sits and which allows the 
fan to be fixed to other structures; 
(8) ‘Centrifugal fan’ means a fan in which the air enters the impeller(s) in an essentially 
axial direction and leaves it in a direction perpendicular to that axis. The impeller 
may have one or two inlets and may or may not have a housing;  
(9) ‘Centrifugal radial bladed fan’ means a cen trifugal fan where the outward direction of 
the blades of the impeller(s) at the periphery is radial relative to the axis of rotation;  
(10) ‘Centrifugal forward curved fan’ means a centrifugal fan where the outward direction 
of the blades of the impeller(s) at the periphe ry is forward relative to the direction of 
rotation; 
(11) ‘Centrifugal backward curved fan without  housing’ means a cent rifugal fan where the 
outward direction of the blades of the impelle r(s) at the periphery is backward relative 
to the direction of rotation and which does not have a housing; 
(12) ‘Housing’ means a casing around the impe ller which guides the ai r stream towards, 
through and from the impeller; 
(13) ‘Centrifugal backward curved fan with  housing’ means a centrifugal fan with an 
impeller where the outward di rection of the blades at the periphery is backward 
relative to the direc tion of rotation and which has a housing; 
(14) ‘Cross flow fan’ means a fan in which the air path through the impeller is in a 
direction essentially at right angles to its axis both enteri ng and leaving the impeller at 
its periphery; 
(15) ‘Box fan’ means a axial fan, centrifugal fan or mixed flow fan that has an additional 
box or enclosure around the fan to provide th e required air flow direction and a means 
of fitment to ducts where the box is not a housing as defined in this Regulation; 
(16) ‘Mixed flow fan’ means a fan in which the air path through the impeller is 
intermediate between the air path in fans of centrifugal and axial types;  
EN 7   EN (17) ‘Roof fan’ means a fan designed for mounting on a roof or wall having exterior 
weather protection and that is fitted with e ither an axial, centrifugal or mixed flow fan 
inside the device;  
(18) ‘Short-time duty’ means working of a moto r at a constant load, which is not long 
enough to reach temperature equilibrium; 
(19) Ventilation fan means a fan that is not used in household appliances defined in Annex 
I of Commission Regulation 1275/2008 of 17 December 2008; 
(20) The ‘specific ratio’ means the stagnation pressure measured at the fan outlet divided 
by the stagnation pressure at the fan inlet at  the optimal efficiency point of the fan.  
Article 3 
Ecodesign requirements  
The ecodesign requirements for fans driven or desi gned to be driven by motors with an electric 
input power between 125 W and 500 kW are set out in Annex I.  
Each ecodesign requirement shall apply in accordance with the following timetable: 
(1) First tier: from 1 July 2012, ventilation fans with an electric motor input power 
between 125 W and 500 kW shall not have a lower efficiency grade than as defined in 
Annex I, point 1, Table 1;  
(2) Second tier: from 1 January 2015, all fans with an electric i nput power between 125 
W and 500 kW shall not have a lower efficien cy grade than as defined in Annex I, 
point 1, Table 2.  
The product information requirements on fans and how they must be displayed are as set out 
in Annex I, point 2. These require ments shall apply from 1 July 2012. 
Compliance with ecodesign requirements shall be  measured and calculated in accordance with 
requirements set out in Annex II. 
Article 4 
Conformity assessment 
The conformity assessment procedure referred to in Article 8 of Directive 2009/125/EC shall 
be the internal design control system set out in Annex IV to that Direct ive or the management 
system for assessing conformity set ou t in Annex V to that Directive. 
Article 5 
Verification procedure for market surveillance purposes  
When performing the market surveillance checks referred to in Article 3(2) of Directive 
2009/125/EC, the authorities of the Member States  shall apply the veri fication procedure set 
out in Annex III to this Regulation.  
EN 8   EN Article 6 
Indicative benchmarks 
The indicative benchmarks for the best-perform ing fans driven by motors with an electric 
input power between 125 W and 500 kW available on the market  at the time of entry into 
force of this Regulation are set out in Annex IV.  
Article 7 
Revision 
The Commission shall review this Regulation in the light of t echnological progress of fans 
driven by motors with an electric input pow er between 125 W and 500 kW no later than five 
years after its entry into force and present the result of this review to the Ecodesign Consultation Forum.  
Article 8 
Entry into force 
This Regulation shall enter into force on the tw entieth day following that of its publication in 
the Official Journal of  the European Union . 
This Regulation shall be binding in  its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. 
Done at Brussels,  
 For the Commission 
   Member of the Commission  
EN 9   EN ANNEX I  
Ecodesign requirements for fans driven by mo tors with an electric input power between 
125 W and 500 kW  
1. D EFINITIONS FOR THE PURPOSES OF ANNEX I  
(1) ‘Measurement category’ means a test, measurement or usage arrangement that 
defines the inlet and outlet c onditions of the fan under test;  
(2) ‘Measurement category A’ means an arra ngement where the fan is measured with 
free inlet and outlet conditions; 
(3) ‘Measurement category B’ means an arra ngement where the fan is measured with 
free inlet and with a duct fitted to its outlet; 
(4) ‘Measurement category C’ means an arrang ement where the fan is measured with a 
duct fitted to its inlet and with fr ee outlet conditions; 
(5) ‘Measurement category D’ means an arrang ement where the fan is measured with a 
duct fitted to its inlet and outlet; 
(6) ‘Efficiency category’ means the fan air ou tput energy form used to determine the fan 
efficiency, either static efficien cy or total efficiency, where;  
a. fan static pressure has been used to determine fan air power in the efficiency 
equation for fan static  efficiency, and  
b. fan total pressure has been used to de termine fan air power in the efficiency 
equation for total efficiency; 
(7) ‘Static efficiency’ means the efficiency  of a fan, based upon measurement of the 
difference between the stagnation pressu re at the fan outlet and the stagnation 
pressure at the fan inlet minus the fan dynamic pressure corrected by the Mach 
factor;  
(8) ‘Static pressure’ (p sf) means the fan total pressure (p f) minus the fan dynamic 
pressure corrected by the Mach factor; 
(9) ‘Stagnation pressure’ means the pressure measured with respect to absolute zero 
pressure, which is exerted at a point at  rest relative to the air around it;  
(10) ‘Dynamic pressure’ means the pressure ca lculated from the velocity and density of 
the air at the fan outlet; 
(11) ‘Mach factor’ means a correction factor  applied to dynamic pr essure at a point, 
defined as the stagnation pressure minus the pressure with respect to absolute zero 
pressure which is exerted at a point at re st relative to the ai r around it and divided by 
the dynamic pressure;  
EN 10   EN (12) ‘Total efficiency’ means the efficien cy of a fan, based upon measurement of the 
difference between the stagnation pressu re at the fan outlet and the stagnation 
pressure at the fan inlet; 
(13) ‘Total pressure’ (p f ) means the difference between the stagnation pressure at the fan 
outlet and the stagnation pr essure at the fan inlet; 
(14) ‘Efficiency grade’ is a parameter in the calculation of the target energy efficiency of 
a fan of specific electric input power at its optimum efficiency point (expressed as 
parameter ‘N’ in the calculation of the fan efficiency); 
(15) The 'target energy efficiency' ηtarget is the minimum efficiency a fan must achieve in 
order to meet the requirements and is based on its electrical input  power at its point 
of optimum efficiency, where ηtarget is the output value from  the appropriate equation 
in section 3 of Annex II, us ing the applicable integer N of the efficiency grade 
(Annex I, section 1, Tables 1 and 2)  and the electrical power input P e(d) of the fan at 
its point of optimum efficiency in the applicable energy efficiency formula. 
(16) ‘Variable speed drive (V SD)’ means an electronic power converter integrated - or 
functioning as one system - with the motor and the fan, that continuously adapts the 
electrical power supplied to the electric motor in order to control the mechanical 
power output of the motor according to the torque-speed characteristic of the load 
being driven by the motor, excluding vari able voltage controllers where only the 
supply voltage for the motor is varied. 
2. F AN EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS  
The minimum efficiency requirements for fans are set out in Tables 1 and 2.  
Table 1. First tier minimum energy e fficiency requirements for fans 
Fan types Measurement 
category  
(A-D)  Efficiency 
category 
(static or 
total)  Target energy efficiency 
(see also Annex II.4 for 
applicable power ranges) Efficiency 
grade  
 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 36 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Axial fan 
B, D total 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 56 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 37 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Centrifugal 
forward curved fan and centrifugal radial bladed fan B, D total 
η
target = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 42 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Centrifugal 
backward curved without housing  A, C static 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 58  
EN 11   EN ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 58 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Centrifugal 
backward curved fan with housing  
B, D total 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 61 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N A,C static 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 47 
 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Mixed flow fan 
B,D total 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 58 
ηtarget = 1.14 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N Cross flow fan B, D total 
ηtarget = N 18 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Box fan with 
backward curved or mixed flow fan B, D total 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 35 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Box fan with 
forward curved or axial fan B,D total 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 22 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Roof fan (axial 
fan within) A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 27 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Roof fan 
(centrifugal or mixed flow fan within) A, C static 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 48  
EN 12   EN Table 2. Second tier minimum energy efficiency requirements for fans 
Fan types Measurement 
category  
(A-D)  Efficiency 
category 
(static or 
total)  Target energy efficiency 
(see also Annex II.4 for 
applicable power ranges) Efficiency 
grade  
 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 40 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Axial fan 
 
B, D total 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 60 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 42 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Centrifugal 
forward curved fan and centrifugal radial bladed fan B, D total 
η
target = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 47 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Centrifugal 
backward curved without housing  A, C static 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 62 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N A, C static 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 61 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Centrifugal 
backward curved fan with housing  
B, D total 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 64 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N A,C  static 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 50 
 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Mixed flow fan 
B,D total 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 62 
 
ηtarget = 1.14 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N Cross flow fan B, D total 
ηtarget = N 21 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Box fan with 
backward curved 
or mixed flow 
fan B, D total 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 39 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N Box fan with 
forward curved or axial fan B,D total 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 25  
EN 13   EN ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N Roof fan (axial 
fan within) A, C static 
ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N 31 
ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N Roof fan 
(centrifugal or mixed flow fan within) A, C static 
η
target = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N 52 
  
EN 14   EN 3. P RODUCT INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS ON FANS DRIVEN BY MOTORS WITH AN 
ELECTRIC INPUT POWER BETWEEN 125  W AND 500  KW 
1. The information on fans set out in points 2( 1) to 2(11) shall be visibly displayed on:  
(a) the technical documentation of fans;  (b) the technical documentation of produc ts in which fans are incorporated; 
(c) free access websites of manufacturers of fans; 
(d) free access websites of fans and manuf acturers of products in which fans are 
incorporated.  
2. The following information shall be displayed: (1) overall efficiency ( η) , rounded to one decimal place; 
(2) measurement category used to determine efficiency (A-D); (3) efficiency category (static or total); (4) efficiency grade at optimum efficiency point; (5) whether the calculation of fan efficiency  assumed use of a VSD and if so, whether 
the VSD is integrated within the fan or the VSD must be installed with the fan; 
(6) year of manufacture; (7) manufacturer’s name or trade mark, co mmercial registration number and place of 
manufacturer; 
(8) product’s model number; (9) the rated power input(s) at  optimum efficiency (kW);  
(10) information relevant for disassembly, recycling or disposal  at end-of-life; 
(11) information relevant for installing, using and maintaining the fan in order to 
minimise impact on the environment and ensure optimal life expectancy; 
(12) description of additional items used when determining the fan efficiency, such as 
ducts, that are not described in the measurement category and not supplied with the fan. 
3. The information in the technical document ation shall be provide d in the order as 
presented in points 2(1) to 2(11). The exact wo rding used in the list does not need to be 
repeated. It may be displaye d using graphs, figures or symbols rather than text. 
4. The information referred to in points 2(1), 2(2), 2(3), 2(4) and 2(5) shall be durably 
marked on or near the rating plate of the fan, wh ere for point 2(5) one of the following forms 
of words must be used to i ndicate what is applicable:  
EN 15   EN – ‘A variable speed drive must be installed with this fan’; 
– ‘A variable speed drive is integrated within the fan’; 
5. Manufacturers shall provide information in  the technical documentation on specific 
precautions to be taken when fans are assembled, installed or maintained.   
EN 16   EN  
ANNEX II  
Measurements and calculations  
1. Definitions  
(1) ‘Inlet stagnation volume flow rate’ (q) is the volume of air that passes through the 
fan per unit of time (in m3/s) and is calculated on the basis of the mass of air moved 
by the fan (in kg/s) divided by the density of this air at the fan inlet (in kg/m3);  
(2) ‘Compressibility factor’ is a dimensi onless number that describes the amount of 
compressibility that the air stream experien ces during the test and is calculated as the 
ratio of mechanical work exerted by the fa n on the air to the same work exerted on an 
incompressible gas at the same flow rate , taking into account the fan pressure as 
‘total pressure’ (k p) or ‘static pressure’ (k ps); 
(3) k ps means compressibility coefficient for th e calculation of fan static air power; 
(4) k p means compressibility coefficient for the calculation of fan total air power; 
(5) ‘Final assembly’, means a finished or assembled on-site assembly of a fan that 
contains all the elements to convert elec tric energy into fan air power without the 
need to add more parts or components; 
(6) ‘Not final assembly’, means an assembly  of fan parts, consisting of at least the 
impeller, which needs one or more extern ally supplied components in order to be 
able to convert electric energy into fan air power;  
(7) ‘Direct drive’ means a dr iving arrangement for a fan where the impeller is fixed to 
the motor shaft, either directly or with  a co-axial coupling, and where the impeller 
speed is identical to the motor’s rotational speed; 
(8) ‘Transmission’ means a driving arrangement for a fan which is not ‘direct drive’ as 
defined above. Such driving arrangements  may include transmissions using a belt-
drive, gearbox or slipping coupling; 
(9) ‘Low-efficiency drive’ means a transmi ssion using a belt whose width is less than 
three times the height of the belt or using some other form of transmission apart from 
a ‘high-efficiency drive’; 
(10) ‘High-efficiency drive’ means a transm ission using a belt whose width is at least 
three times the height of the belt or using toothed gears. 
2. Measurement method 
For the purposes of compliance and verification of compliance with the requirements of this 
Regulation, measurements and calculations must  be made using a reliable, accurate and 
reproducible method, which takes into account the generally r ecognised state-of-the-art 
measurement methods, and whose results are deem ed to be of low uncertainty, including 
methods set out in documents the reference numbers of which have been published for that purpose in the Official Journal of the European Union .  
EN 17   EN 3. Calculation method 
The methodology for calculating the efficiency of  a specific fan is based on the ratio of air 
power to electrical input power to the motor, where fan air po wer is the product of air volume 
flow rate and pressure differen ce across the fan. The pressure is either the static pressure or 
the total pressure, which is the sum of static and dynamic pressure depending upon the measurement and efficiency category. 
3.1 Where the fan is supplied as a ‘final as sembly’, measure the fan efficiency at its 
optimum efficiency point:  
(a) Where the fan does not include a variable  speed drive, calculate the efficiency 
using the following equation:   η
e = P u(s) / P e , where: 
ηe is the overall efficiency; 
Pu(s) is the fan air power, determined according to point 3.3, of the fan when it 
is operating at its optimal efficiency point; P
e is the power measured at the mains input terminals to the motor of the fan 
when the fan is operating at its optimal efficiency point. 
(b) Where the fan includes a variable speed  drive, calculate the efficiency using 
the following equation:   η
e = (P u(s) / P ed) · C c , where: 
ηe is the overall efficiency; 
Pu(s) is the fan air power, determined according to point 3.3, of the fan when it 
is operating at its optimal efficiency point; P
ed is the power measured at the mains input terminals to the variable speed 
drive of the fan when the fan is opera ting at its optimal efficiency point; 
 C
c is a part load compensation factor as follows: 
 for a motor with a variable speed drive and P
e(d) ≥ 5 kW then C c = 1.04 
for a motor with a variable speed drive and P e(d) < 5 kW then 
Cc = -0.03 ln(Pe) + 1.088. 
For roof fans and box fans only the ‘final assembly’ calculation method described in 
this section can be applied. 
3.2. Where the fan is supplied as ‘not final asse mbly’, the fan efficiency is calculated at 
the impeller’s optimum efficiency point, using the following equation:  
ηe = ηr · ηm · ηT · C m · C c , where: 
ηe is the overall efficiency; 
ηr is the fan impeller efficiency according to P u(s) / P a ,where: 
Pu(s) is fan air power determined at the point of optimal efficiency for the impeller 
and according to point 3.3 below;  
EN 18   EN Pa is the fan shaft power at  the point of optimal efficiency of the impeller; 
ηm is the nominal rated motor efficiency of the supplied motor. If no motor is 
supplied a default ηm is calculated using the following values: 
if the required electric  input power ‘Pe(d)’ is ≥ 0.75 kW,  
ηm = 0.000278(x³) - 0.019247(x²) + 0.104395*x + 0.809761 
where x = Log(P e(d)) 
and P e(d) is as defined in 3.1.(a)/(b); 
if the required motor input power ‘Pe(d)’ is < 0.75 kW,  
ηm = 0.1462*ln(P e(d)) + 0.8381 
and P e(d) is as defined in 3.1.(a)/(b), where the electric input power Pe(d) 
recommended by the manufacturer of the fa n should be enough for the fan to reach 
its optimum efficiency point, taking into ac count losses from transmission systems if 
applicable;  
ηT is the efficiency of the driving arrange ment for which the following default values 
must be used:  
for direct drive ηT = 1.0; 
if the transmission is a low-efficien cy drive as defined in (9) and  
Pa ≥ 5 kW, ηT = 0.96 or 1 kW < P a < 5 kW, ηT = 0.0175 * Pa + 0.875 or 
Pa < 1 kW, ηT = 0.89 
if the transmission is a high-efficien cy drive as defined in (10) and 
Pa ≥ 5 kW, ηT = 0.98 or 1 kW < P a < 5 kW, ηT = 0.01 * Pa + 0.93 or 
Pa < 1 kW, ηT = 0.94  
Cm is the compensation factor to acc ount for matching of components = 0.9; 
Cc is the part load compensation factor: 
for a motor without a variable speed drive C c = 1.0 
for a motor with a variable speed drive and P e(d) ≥ 5 kW then C c = 1.04 
for a motor with a variable speed drive and P e(d) < 5 kW then 
Cc = -0.03 ln(Pe) + 1.088. 
3.3 The fan air power, P u(s), is calculated according to the measurement category test 
method chosen by the fan supplier:  
EN 19   EN (a) Where the fan has been measured a ccording to measurement category A, fan 
static air power P us is used from the equation P us = q  · psf · k ps; 
(b) Where the fan has been measured according to measurement category B, fan 
air power P u is used from the equation P u = q  · pf · k p; 
(c) Where the fan has been measured a ccording to measurement category C, fan 
static air power P us is used from the equation P us = q  · psf · k ps; 
(d) Where the fan has been measured a ccording to measurement category D, fan 
air power P u is used from the equation P u = q  · pf · k p. 
4. Methodology for calculating th e target energy efficiency  
The target efficiency is the energy efficiency a fan from a given fan category must achieve in 
order to comply with the requi rements set out in this Regulation. The target efficiency is 
calculated by efficiency formulas that include the electrical input power, P e(d) and the 
minimum efficiency grade as defined in Annex I. The complete power range is covered by 
two formulas: one for fans with an electric input power from 0.125 kW up to and including 10 
kW and the other for fans above 10 kW up to and including 500 kW. 
There are three series of fan categories for whic h energy efficiency formulas are developed to 
reflect the different characteri stics of various fan types: 
4.1. The target energy efficiency for axia l fans, centrifugal forward curved fans, 
centrifugal radial bladed fans and roof fans (axial fan w ithin) is calculated using the 
following equations:  
Power range P from 0.125 kW to 10 kW Power range P from 10 kW to 500 kW 
ηtarget = 2.74 · ln(P) – 6.33 + N ηtarget = 0.78 · ln(P) – 1.88 + N  
where the input power P is eith er the electrical power input P e(d) if the fan has a 
‘direct drive’ or fan shaft power P a if the fan has a ‘transmi ssion’ and N is the integer 
of the energy efficiency grade required. 
4.2. The target energy efficiency for centrifugal backward curved fans without housing, 
centrifugal backward curved fans with  housing, mixed flow fans, roof fans 
(centrifugal fan or mixed flow within) and box fans is calculated using the following 
equations:  
Power range P from 0.125 kW to 10 kW Power range P from 10 kW to 500 kW 
ηtarget = 4.56 · ln(P) – 10.5 + N ηtarget = 1.1 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N  
where the input power P is eith er the electrical power input P e(d) if the fan has a 
‘direct drive’ or fan shaft power P a if the fan has a ‘transmi ssion’ and N is the integer 
of the energy efficiency grade required. 
4.3. The target energy efficiency for cross fl ow fans is calculated using the following 
equations:  
Power range P from 0.125 kW to 10 kW Power range P from 10 kW to 500 kW  
EN 20   EN ηtarget = 1.14 · ln(P) – 2.6 + N ηtarget = N 
where the input power P is eith er the electrical power input P e(d) if the fan has a 
‘direct drive’ or fan shaft power P a if the fan has a ‘transmi ssion’ and N is the integer 
of the energy efficiency grade required. 
5. Applying the target energy efficiency  
The fan efficiency ηe calculated according to the approp riate method in section 3 of Annex II 
must be equal to or greater than the target value ηtarget set by the efficiency grade to meet the 
minimum efficiency requirements.  
EN 21   EN ANNEX III  
Verification procedure for ma rket surveillance purposes  
When performing the market surveillance checks  referred to in Article 3(2) of Directive 
2009/125/EC, the authorities of the Member St ates must apply the following verification 
procedure for the requirements set out in Annex I.  
1. The authorities of the Member State must test one single unit. 
2. The model will be considered to comply  with the provisions set out in this 
Regulation if the overall efficiency of the fan ( ηe) is at least target efficiency*0.9 
calculated using the formulas in Annex II (s ection 3) and the applicable efficiency 
grades from Annex I.  
3. If the result referred to in  point 2 is not achieved, the market surveillance authority 
must randomly test three additional units.  
4. The unit will be considered to comply with  the provisions set out in this Regulation if 
the average of the overall efficiency ( ηe) of the three units referred to in point 3 is at 
least target efficiency*0.9 using the form ulas in Annex II (section 3) and the 
applicable efficiency grades from Annex I. 
5. If the results referred to in point 4 are not achieved, the model will be considered not 
to comply with this Regulation.  
EN 22   EN ANNEX IV  
Indicative benchmarks referred to in Article 6  
At the time of adoption of this Regulation, the best available technology on the market for 
fans is as indicated in Table 1.  
Table 1. Indicative benchmarks for fans 
Fan types Measurement category 
(A-D)  Efficiency category 
(static or total)  Efficiency grade 
A, C static 65 Axial fan 
 B, D total 75 
A, C static 62 Centrifugal forward 
curved fan and centrifugal radial bladed fan B, D total 65 
Centrifugal backward 
curved open wheel fan A, C static 70 
A, C static 72 Centrifugal backward 
curved fan with housing  B, D total 75 
A,C static 61 Mixed flow fan 
B,D total 65 
Cross flow fan B, D total 32 
Box fan B, D total 65 
Roof fan (axial fan 
within) A, C static 55 
Roof fan (centrifugal 
or mixed flow fan within) A, C static 62 
Note: These benchmarks may not always be achievable in all app lications or for the full power range covered by the Regulation.