IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    1
  
  
  
 
 
 
Import Health Standard  
Commodity Sub-class: Fresh Fruit/Vegetables 
Table grapes, (Vitis vinifera ) from the United States of 
America – State of California 
 
ISSUED 
 
Issued pursuant to Section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993 
Date Issued: 3 May 2010 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    2
 Contents 
 
Endorsement 
Review and amendment 
Distribution  
INTRODUCTION 
SCOPE  
REFERENCES DEFINITIONS, ABBREVI ATIONS AND ACRONYMS 
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS NEW ZEALAND LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS 
 
IMPORT HEALTH STANDARD: FRESH FRUIT/VEGETABLES – 
VITIS VINIFERA  FROM THE UNITED ST ATES OF AMERICA – 
STATE OF CALIFORNIA  
 
1 Official contact point (New Zealand National Plant Protection Organisation) 
2 General conditions for the importation of all plants and plant products 
3  Explanation of pest categories 
4 Application 
of measures 
5  General conditions for fresh fruit/vegetables for consumption 
6  Specific conditions for table grapes  (Commodity Sub-Class: Fresh 
Fruit/Vegetables) from the United States of America – State of California  
6.1 Pre-shipment requirements 6.1.1 Inspection of the consignment 6.1.2 Testing of the consignment 6.1.3 Phytosanitary measures for high impact pests 
6.1.4 Documentation 
6.1.5 Phytosanitary certification 6.1.6 Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate 
6.2 Transit requirements 
6.3 Inspection on arrival in New Zealand 
6.4 Biosecurity/quarantine directive 6.5 Testing for regulated pests 6.6 Actions undertaken on the inte rception/detection of pests /contaminants 
6.7 Biosecurity clearance 
6.8 Audit of offshore measures 
6.9 Feedback on non-compliance 7 Contingencies following biosecurity clearance 
 
Appendix 1: Categorised pest list IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    3
 Endorsement  
 
Import health standards for plants and plan t products imported into New Zealand are a 
requirement under the Biosecurity Act 1993 and ar e prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture 
and Forestry.  This standard was endorsed by the Deputy Ch ief Technical Officer, Pre-Clearance, MAF 
Biosecurity New Zealand on 18 August 2005.  
      Veronica Herrera Manager Biosecurity Standards (acting under delegated authority)    
 
Review and amendment 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand import health st andards are subject to periodic review and 
amendment.   New Zealand import health standards are upda ted and republished as necessary with the 
most recent version published on the MA F Biosecurity New Zealand web site: 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/r egs/im
 ports/plants/fruit-veg   
  
 
 Distribution  
 Import health standards are made available for public access on th e MAF Biosecurity New 
Zealand web site: http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/r egs/im
 ports/plants/fruit-veg   
  IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    4
 INTRODUCTION 
 
SCOPE 
 
This import health standard replaces the im port health standard dated 10 June 2005 and 
describes the requirements to be met to enable  biosecurity clearance to be given for fresh 
table grapes (Vitis vinifera ) imported into New Zealand from the United States of America – 
State of California. 
 This import health standard must be read in  conjunction with the following document, which 
further describes the operational procedures for the effective mana gement of regulated 
spiders of concern to human health and the environment: 
 
 Procedures for the effective quarantine mana gement of regulated spiders associated 
with the importation of fresh table grapes ( Vitis vinifera ) from California to New 
Zealand, 18 August 2005. 
 
REFERENCES 
 
Biosecurity Act 1993 
Requirements for the establis hment of pest free areas  1996.  ISPM Publication No. 4, FAO, 
Rome. 
Requirements for the establishment of pest fr ee places of production and pest free production 
sites 1999.  ISPM Publication No. 10, FAO, Rome. 
Glossary of phytosanitary terms  2002.  ISPM Publication No. 5, FAO, Rome. 
Risk analysis for quarantine pests  including analysis of environmental risks  2003.  ISPM 
Publication No. 11 (Rev. 1), FAO, Rome. 
New Revised Text of the Interna tional Plant Protection Convention , November 1997. FAO, 
Rome.  
MAF Plants Biosecurity Pest  Risk Assessment Standard  (26 September 2001).  
MAF Plants Biosecurity Standar d 152.02: Importation and Clearance of Fresh Fruit and 
Vegetables into New Zealand (July 2002). 
Procedures for the effective quar antine management of regulated spiders associated with the 
importation of fresh table grapes ( Vitis vinifera) from California to New Zealand.  
 
DEFINITIONS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 
Note: This Import Health Standard addresses the risks posed to animal, human and plant 
health as well as risks to the e nvironment.  As the majority of risks are associated with plant 
health the definitions etc. used are (or are modelled on) those included within the 
International Plant Protection Convention Glossary of Terms.  Where definitions etc. have been modified every effort has been made to  ensure these are linke d to the appropriate 
international standard or agr eement (e.g. WTO-SPS Agreement).
 
 
 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    5
 Biosecurity clearance A clearance unde r section 26 of the New Zealand 
Biosecurity Act 1993 for the entry of goods into 
New Zealand.  
Biosecurity New Zealand Biosecurity  New Zealand is the division of 
the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) that has the lead role in preventing the importation of unwanted pests and diseases, and for controlling, managing or eradicating them should they arrive.  
 Certificate An official document, which attests to the phytosanitary status of any consignment affected by phytosanitary regulations [FAO, 1990].  
Commodity A type of plant, plan t product, or other article being 
moved for trade or other purpose [FAO, 1990; ICPM Amendments, April 2001]. 
Consignment A quantity of plants, plant products and/or other 
articles being moved from  one country to another 
and covered, when required, by a single phytosanitary certificate (a consignment may be 
composed of one or more  commodities or lots) 
[FAO, 1990; ICPM Amendments, April 2001].  
Establishment Perpetuation, for the foreseeable future, of a pest 
within an area after entry [FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 
1995; IPPC, 1997; former ly established] 
 
High impact pest High impact pest s are regulated pests that if 
introduced into New Zealand would have a major effect on the production (including access to overseas markets) of plants and plant products and/or the environment.  
Import health standard A documen t issued under section 22 of the 
Biosecurity Act 1993 th at specifies “… the 
requirements to be met for the effective management of risks associated with th e importation of risk goods 
before those goods can be imported, moved from a biosecurity control area or a transitional facility, or 
given a biosecurity clearance”.  IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    6
 Infestation of a consignment Presence in a commodity of a living pest of the plant 
or plant product concerned.  Infestation includes 
infection [CEPM, 1997; revised CEPM 1999]. 
 
Inspection Official visual examination of plants, plant products 
or other regulated articles to determine if pests are 
present and/or to confirm compliance with phytosanitary regulations [FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; formerly Inspect].
 
 
International Plant Protection Convention International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited with FAO in Rome in 1951 and as subsequently amended [FAO, 1990].  
IPPC Abbreviation for the International Plant Protection 
Convention.  
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures An international standard adopted by the Conference of FAO, the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures or the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures established under the IPPC [CEPM, 1996;  
revised CEPM, 1999].  
Introduction The entry of a pest resulting in its establishment 
[FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997] 
ISPM Abbreviation for International Standard on 
Phytosanitary Measures.  
Lot The number of units of a single commodity 
identifiable by its homogeneity of composition, origin, etc., forming part of a consignment. [FAO, 
1990].  
MAF Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 
Acronym for the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry which is the New Zealand national plant protection organisation.  
National Plant Protection 
Organisation  Official service established by Government to discharge the functions specified by the IPPC. [FAO, 1990; formerly Plant Protection Organization (National)]
  
 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    7
 NPPO Abbreviation for National Plant Protection 
Organisation. 
 
Official Established, authori zed or performed by a National 
Plant Protection Organization [FAO, 1990].   
 
Pest Any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products 
[FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997] 
Note: For the purpose of this standard “pest” 
includes an organism sometimes associated with the pathway, which poses a risk to human or animal or plant life or health (SPS Article 2). 
 
Pest free area An area in which a specific pest does not occur as 
demonstrated by scientific  evidence and in which, 
where appropriate, this c ondition is being officially 
maintained [FAO, 1995].  
Pest free production site  A defined portio n of a place of pro duction in which a 
specific pest does not occur as demonstrated by scientific evidence and in which, where appropriate, this condition is being officially maintained for a defined period and that is managed as a separate unit in the same way as a pest free place of production 
[ISPM Pub. No. 10, 1999] 
 
Phytosanitary certificate A certificate patte rned after the model certificates of 
the IPPC [FAO 1990]. 
 
Phytosanitary certification Use of phytosan itary procedures leading to the issue 
of a phytosanitary cer tificate [FAO, 1990]. 
 
Phytosanitary measure Any legislati on, regulation or official procedure 
having the purpose to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests, or to li mit the economic impact of 
regulated non-quarantine pests [FAO, 1995; revised 
IPPC, 1997; ISC, 2001]  
Quarantine pest A pest of potential  economic importance to the area 
endangered thereby and not yet present there, or 
present but not widely di stributed and (is) being 
officially controlled [FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995; IPPC 1997].  IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    8
 Regulated pest A quarantine pest or  a regulated non-quarantine pest 
[IPPC, 1997] 
A pest of potential economic importance to New 
Zealand and not yet present there, or present but 
either not widely distributed and being officially controlled, or a regulated non-quarantine pest, or having the potential to vect or another regulated pest 
into New Zealand. 
 
Treatment Officially authorized  procedure for the killing or 
rem
oval of pests or renderi ng pests infertile or for 
devitalization [FAO, 1990, revised FAO, 1995; ISPMNo. 15, 2002; ISPM No. 18, 2003].  
Viable Capable of maintaining life, or able to live in a 
particular environm
ent and able to procreate. 
  
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS 
 
This import health standard outlines the requirem ents that must be met prior to shipment, in-
transit and on arrival in New Zealand for fres h table grapes imported from the United States 
of America – State of California. 
 
This standard is replicated at the following Internet address: 
 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/r egs/im ports/plants/fruit-veg   
 
NEW ZEALAND LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS 
 
All New Zealand import health standards are based upon risk analyses, which may assess 
either a commodity or a pest/pathway combin ation. New Zealand’s legislative requirements 
and international obligations are taken into  account when conducting risk analyses and 
applying the findings in the development of impo rt health standards. The principal document 
for all New Zealand import health standards re lating to plants and plant products is the 
Biosecurity Act (1993), whilst th e international obligations derive principally from the 
guidelines on risk analysis developed unde r the auspices of the Interim Commission on 
Phytosanitary Measures operating within the fr amework of the Internat ional Plant Protection 
Convention, and the World Trade Organisation Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    9
 IMPORT HEALTH STANDARD: FRESH FRUIT/VEGETABLES – 
TABLE GRAPES ( Vitis vinifera ) FROM THE UNITED STATES OF 
AMERICA – STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 
 
1 Official contact point (New Zealand National Plant Protection 
Organisation) 
 
The official contact point in New Zealand for overseas NPPOs is MAF Biosecurity New 
Zealand.  All communication pertaining to this import health standard  should be addressed 
to: 
 Manager, Plant Imports and Exports Group MAF Biosecurity New Zealand  PO Box 2526 Wellington NEW ZEALAND  Fax: 64-4-894 0662 E-mail: PlantImports@maf.govt.nz 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz
 
 
 
2 General conditions for the import ation of all plants and plant 
products 
 
Plants and plant products are not permitted entry into New Zealand unless an import health standard has been issued in accordance with Section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993. Should plants or plant products, for which no import h ealth standard exists, be intercepted by MAF 
Biosecurity New Zealand, the importer will be  offered the option of reshipment or 
destruction of the consignment (at their expense).  The NPPO of the exporting country is requested  to inform MAF Biosecurity New Zealand of 
any change of address.  The NPPO of the exporting country is required to inform MAF Biosecurity New Zealand of 
any newly recorded pests which may infest/infect any commodity approved for export to New Zealand.  
Pursuant to the Hazardous Substances a nd New Organisms Act 1996, proposals for the 
deliberate introduction of new organisms (incl uding genetically modified organisms) as 
defined by the Act should be referred to:  ERMA New Zealand IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    10
 PO Box 131 
Wellington 6140 NEW ZEALAND  Or noinfo@ermanz.govt.nz
 
 Note: In order to meet the Environmental Risk Mana gement Authority's requirements the scientific 
name (i.e. genus and species) of the comm odity must be included in the phytosanitary 
certificate.   
3  Explanation of pest categories 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand categorises pests associated with plants  and plant products 
into regulated and non-regulated pests. Measures  to prevent the establishment of regulated 
pests in New Zealand are developed in acco rdance with the appropriate FAO ISPMs and 
other relevant intern ational standards. 
 
Regulated pests are those pests for which ac tions would be undertaken if they were 
intercepted/detected. As well as quarantine pest s, these include new organisms as defined by 
the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996, pests that may pose a risk to human or animal health or to the environment,  vectors of associated  quarantine pests, and 
virulent strains (not present in New Zealand)  of non-regulated pests and contaminants. Non-
regulated pests are those pests for which acti ons would not be undertaken if they were 
intercepted/detected.  Pests (including weeds) associated with each commodity will appear on a separate pest list which will be attached to each import health standard as an Appendix.   
4 Application of measures 
 
A number of different measures  may be applied to pests based on the outcome of pest risk 
analyses.  Required measures may include: 
 - Surveillance for pest freedom 
- Testing prior to export for regulated pests which cannot be readily detected by inspection (e.g. viruses on propagating material) 
- Specific pre-shipment pest control activ ities to be undertaken by the supply 
country’s contracting party 
- The application of a pre-shipment treatment 
- Inspection of the export consignment 
- Issuance of a phytosanitary cer tificate which attest s to the phytosanitary status of a 
consignment IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    11
 - Treatment on arrival in New Zealand 
 
 
5  General conditions for fresh fr uit/vegetables for consumption 
 
Only clean, inert /synthetic material may be used for the protection, packaging and shipping 
of fresh fruit/vegetables . 
 A completed phytosanitary certificate issued  by the exporting country’s NPPO must 
accompany all consignments of fresh fruit and vegetables exported to New Zealand. 
 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand will inspect all consignments of fresh fruit and vegetables to verify that New Zealand’s phytosanitary requirements have been met.  Where it has been determined through pest ri sk assessment that hi gh impact pests are 
associated with a particular commodity more specific phytosanitary measures must be met. 
In most circumstances these phytosanitary measures  will need to be met prior to arrival of 
the commodity in New Zealand.   
6  Specific conditions for table grapes (Commodity Sub-Class: 
Fresh Fruit/Vegetables) from the  United States of America – 
State of California. 
 
6.1 PRE-SHIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 
 6.1.1 Inspection of the consignment  
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand requires that th e United States of America NPPO sample and 
visually inspect the consignment according to o fficial procedures for all the regulated pests 
specified by MAF Biosecurity New Zealand and en sure that it conforms with New Zealand’s 
current import requirements.  A phytosanitary certificate should not be issued if live 
regulated pest(s) are detected, unl ess the consignment is treated in  order to eliminate these. If 
pests are found which are not listed in the im port health standard, the United States of 
America NPPO must establish their regulatory st atus. This information is available in MAF’s 
“Biosecurity Organisms Register for Imported Commodities” 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests-d iseases/registers-lists/boric/  
 If a pest is not listed in this register, the United States of America NPPO must contact MAF 
Biosecurity New Zealand (see Section 1) to es tablish the regulatory status of the pest. 
 
6.1.2 Testing of the consignment 
 
Testing of the consignment prio r to export to New Zealand for regulated pests which are not IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    12
 visually detectable (viz. fungi and bacteria) is  not generally required for fresh table grapes 
from the United States of America -  State of California. 
 
6.1.3 Phytosanitary measures for high impact pests 
 
The strength of phytosanitary measures will ge nerally be greater for high impact pests than 
for other regulated pests, reflecting the greater risks associated with these pests. In most 
circumstances phytosanitary measures for high impact pests will need to be met prior to 
arrival of the commodity in New Zealand, and p hytosanitary certification will need to attest 
to this accordingly.  MAF Biosecurity New Zealand and the United Stat es of America NPPO have agreed to the 
use of a pest free area as a phytosanitary measure for the high impact fruit fly species associated with table grapes.  MAF Biosecurity New Zealand requires the Un ited States of America NPPO to undertake 
appropriate pest control activities for the other (non-fruit fly) high impact pests prior to the 
commodity arriving in New Zealand.  
NOTE: “appropriate pest control activities” is a broad term that  is inclusive of a range of 
phytosanitary measures. Examples of these meas ures are pest free areas, physical exclusion 
(such as bagging of fruit), chemical treatments etc. 
 
6.1.4 Documentation 
 
Bilateral quarantine arrangement/workplan:  Required 
 Table grapes may only be imported into New Zealand from the United States of America 
(State of California) under the terms of the workplan. 
 
Phytosanitary certificate: Required. 
 Import  permit/Authorisation to import:  Exempt under Gazette Notice: No. AG12, 13 July 
1995. 
 
6.1.5 Phytosanitary certification 
 
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the United States of America NPPO must 
accompany all table grape consignments exported to New Zealand.  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the United States of America
 NPPO must be 
satisfied that the following activities require d by MAF Biosecurity New Zealand have been 
undertaken. 
 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    13
 The table grapes have: 
 (i) been visually inspected in accordance w ith appropriate official procedures and 
found to be free from any regulated pests 
 
AND 
 (ii) undergone appropriate pest control ac tivities that are effective against: 
 
Homalodisca coagulata 
Xylella fastidiosa Maconellicoccus hirsutus  
The regulated spiders listed in A ttachment 1 to this standard 
 Note: pest control activities are to comply with relevant health and safety requirements and 
food standards.   AND  (iii) undergone an agreed treatment that is effective against the associated fruit fly 
species of economic significance. 
  AND  (iii) undergone a pre-shipment treatment that is effective against the Drosophila 
suzukii.   
 
OR 
 (iv) if treatment is to be undertaken in-transit this must be recorded on the phytosanitary certificate as “in- transit cold treatment”.  
 [The printouts of all temperature sensors or  direct electronic downloads are to be 
made available to MAFBNZ at the port of arrival in New Zealand for final clearance of the container.]  
 
6.1.6  Additional declarations to  the phytosanitary certificate 
 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the United States of 
America NPPO must confirm this by providing th e following additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    14
  
(i) This is to certify that the table grapes described herein have been inspected according to appropriate official procedur es and are considered to be free from 
the quarantine pests specified by MAF Bi osecurity New Zealand and to conform 
with the current phyt osanitary requirements of MAF Biosecurity New Zealand, 
including those for regulat ed non-quarantine pests.; 
 
NOTE: This additional declaration is not required if the phytosanitary certificate 
issued by the United States of America NPPO is in accordance with the model 
phytosanitary certificate annexed to the revised (1997) text of the FAO IPPC. 
 AND  
(ii) The table grapes in this consignment have been treated in accordance with Appendix 1(b) of the Workplan betw een MAF Biosecurity New Zealand and 
USDA APHIS. 
 
AND 
 
(iii) treated in accordance with the measur es specified by MAF Biosecurity New 
Zealand for the access of host material of Drosophila suzukii  from the United 
States of America. 
 
NOTE: Cold disinfestation completed pre-export must have treatment details 
such as date, temperature, and duration of the cold disinfestation included in the “Disinfestation and/or Disinfection Treatment” area of the phytosanitary 
certificate. 
 
For cold disinfestation completed in-trans it; printouts of all temperature sensors 
or direct electronic downloads are to be  made available to MAFBNZ at the port 
of arrival in New Zealand for fi nal clearance of the container. 
 
6.2 TRANSIT REQUIREMENTS 
 
The table grapes must be packed and shipped in a manner to prevent possible post-
inspection/treatment infestation and/or c ontamination by regulated pests. Where a 
consignment is split or has its packaging ch anged while in another country (or countries) en 
route to New Zealand, a "Re-export Certificate" is required.  Where a consignment is held 
under bond as a result of the need to change conveyances and is kept in  the original shipping 
container, a "Re-export Cer tificate" is not required. 
 
 6.3 INSPECTION ON ARRIVAL IN NEW ZEALAND IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    15
  
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand will check th e accompanying documentation on arrival to 
confirm that it is correct and reconc iles with the actual consignment. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand requires, with 95% confidence, that not more than 0.5% of 
the units in a consignment are in fested with visually detectable , regulated pests. To achieve 
this, MAF Biosecurity New Zealand will sample and inspect 600 units with an acceptance level of zero infested units (or equivalent), fr om the (homogeneous) lot. 
 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand also requires sp ecific measures and sample inspection for 
regulated spiders, as documented in the “Proced ures for the effective quarantine management 
of regulated spiders associated with the importation of fresh table grapes ( Vitis vinifera ) from 
California to New Zealand”.  
Note: there is a nil tolerance for fresh leaf material. 
 
 6.4 BIOSECURITY/QUARANTINE DIRECTIVE 
 
The consignment may be directed to a MAF Biosecurity New Zealand approved facility for 
further treatment if required. 
 
 6.5 TESTING FOR REGULATED PESTS 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand may, on the specif ic request of the Chief Technical Officer, 
test the consignment for regulated pests.   IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    16
 6.6 ACTIONS UNDERTAKEN ON THE INTERCEPTION/DETECTION OF 
PESTS/ CONTAMINANTS 
 
If  regulated pests, extraneous  plant material or trash are intercepted/detected with the 
commodity, or associated packaging, the following actions will be undertaken as appropriate 
(depending on the pest identified): 
- Re-sorting (specific conditions  apply) of the consignment 
- Reshipment of the consignment - Destruction of the consignment - Treatment for those pests where an efficacious treatment is available - The suspension of trade on the detection of high impact pests for which specific pre-
arrival phytosanitary measures are require d. Suspension of trade will continue until 
the cause of the non-compliance has been identified and corrective actions have 
been implemented to the satisfaction of MAF Biosecurity New Zealand 
- Others as documented in Procedures for the Effecti ve Quarantine Management of 
Regulated Spiders Associated with the Importation of Fresh Table Grapes (Vitis 
vinifera) from California to New Zealand . 
 
If an organism is intercepted/de tected that is not on the pest li st (appended to this document), 
the consignment will be held (or equivalent) un til an assessment is undertaken to determine 
the organism’s regulatory st atus and appropriate measur es developed if required. 
  
6.7 BIOSECURITY CLEARANCE 
 
If regulated pests are not detected, or are successfully treated following 
interception/detection biosecuri ty clearance will be given. 
 
 6.8 AUDIT OF OFFSHORE MEASURES 
 
NZ MAF reserves the right to audit all pro cesses that are undertaken offshore, including 
phytosanitary measures for high impact pests. 
 
 6.9 FEEDBACK ON NON-COMPLIANCE 
 
The United States of America NPPO will be informed by MAF Biosecurity New Zealand’s 
Chief Technical Officer of the interception (and treatment) of a ny regulated pests, "unlisted" 
pests, or non-compliance with measures sp ecified in this import health standard. 
  IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    17
 7 Contingencies Followin g Biosecurity Clearance 
 
Should a regulated pest be detected subsequent  to biosecurity cleara nce, MAF Biosecurity 
New Zealand may implement a management programme (official control programme) in 
accordance with Part V of the Biosecurity Act 1993 and Part 5 of the Biosecurity 
Amendment Act 1997. 
 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    18
 Appendix 1 Pest List Commodity Sub-class: Fresh Fruit/Vegetables 
Vitis vinifera from the United State s of America – State 
of California  
 
Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Xylella fastidiosa [VO] Bacterium Pierce's disease Regulated # 2 1 
Alternaria vitis  Fungus leaf disease Regulated 2 1 
Ascochyta ampelina  Fungus leaf spot Regulated 2 1 
Ascochyta chlorospora  Fungus - Regulated 2 1 
Briosia ampelophaga  Fungus leaf blotch Regulated 2 1 
Coniella diplodiella  Fungus white rot Regulated 2 1 
Grovesinia pyramidalis (anamorph 
Cristulariella moricola ) Fungus target spot Regulated 2 1 
Mycosphaerella angulata (anamorph 
Cercospora brachypus ) Fungus angular leaf spot Regulated 2 1 
Penicillium  sp. Fungus rot Regulated 2 1 
Phoma vitis  Fungus - Regulated 2 1 
Pseudopezicula tetraspora  Fungus angular leaf scorch Regulated 2 1 
Pyrenochaeta vitis Fungus leaf spot Regulated 2 1 
Septoria ampelina  Fungus septoria leaf spot Regulated 2 1 
Altica ampelophaga Insect flea beetle Regulated 1 2 
Altica chalybaea  Insect grape flea beetle Regulated 1 2 
Altica gravida  Insect metallic flea beetle Regulated 1 2 
Altica torquata Insect grapevine flea beetle Regulated 1 2 
Ampeloglypter ater  Insect grape cane girdler Regulated 1 2 
Ampeloglypter sesostris  Insect grape cane gallmaker Regulated 1 2 
Amyelois transitella  Insect navel orangeworm Regulated 1 2 
Anasa tristis  Insect squash bug Regulated 1 2 
Argyrotaenia citrana  Insect orange tortrix Regulated 1 2 
Brevipalpus lewisi  Insect 
bunch mite Regulated 1 2 
Caliothrips fasciatus  Insect bean thrip Regulated 1 2 
Carneocephala fulgida [vect.] Insect red-headed 
sharpshooter Regulated 1 2 
Cerasphorus albofasciatus  Insect grape trunk borer Regulated 1 2 
Colaspis brunnea  Insect grape colaspis Regulated 1 2 
Colomerus vitis [leaf curling strain] Insect grape erineum mite Regulated 1 2 
Contarinia  spp. Insect grape flower midges Regulated 1 2 
Craponius inaequalis  Insect grape curculio Regulated 1 2 
Desmia funeralis  Insect grape leaf-folder Regulated 1 2 
Drosophila suzukii Insect spotted wing Drosophila  Regulated 4 3 
Draeculacephala minerva [vect.] Insect green sharpshooter Regulated 1 2 
Drepanothrips reuteri Insect grape thrips Regulated 1 2 
Eotetranychus carpini Insect tetranychid mite Regulated 1 2 
Eotetranychus willamettei  Insect hazel mite Regulated 1 2 
Erythraspides vitis  Insect grape sawfly Regulated 1 2 
Erythroneura comes  Insect eastern grape 
leafhopper Regulated 1 2 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    19
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Erythroneura elegantula  Insect western grape 
leafhopper Regulated 1 2 
Erythroneura variabilis  Insect variegated grape 
leafhopper Regulated 1 2 
Erythroneura vinealis  Insect leafhopper Regulated 1 2 
Erythroneura ziczac Insect  Regulated 1 2 
Estigmene acrea  Insect saltmarsh caterpillar Regulated 1 2 
Eumorpha achemon  Insect achemon sphinx Regulated 1 2 
Eumorpha satellitia  Insect Pandora sphinx moth Regulated 1 2 
Eumorpha vitis  Insect grapevine sphinx moth Regulated 1 2 
Euschistus conspersus  Insect stink bug Regulated 1 2 
Evoxysoma vitis  Insect grape seed chalcid Regulated 1 2 
Fidia viticida  Insect grape root worm Regulated 1 2 
Frankliniella minuta Insect minute flower thrips Regulated 1 2 
Frankliniella occidentalis [pesticide resistant 
strain] Insect western flower thrips Regulated 1 2 
Graphocephala atropunctata [vect.] Insect blue-green 
sharpshooter Regulated 1 2 
Harrisina americana  Insect grapeleaf skeletonizer Regulated 1 2 
Harrisina brillians  Insect western grapeleaf 
skeletonizer Regulated 1 2 
Homalodisca coagulata [vect.] Insect glassy-winged 
sharpshooter Regulated # 2a 3 
Lasioptera vitis Insect grape tomato gall midge  Regulated 1 2 
Lygris diversilineata  Insect grapevine looper Regulated 1 2 
Maconellicoccus hirsutus  Insect pink hibiscus mealybug Regulated # 2b 2 
Otiorhynchus cribricollis  Insect cribrate weevil Regulated 1 2 
Paralobesia viteana Insect grape berry moth Regulated 1 2 
Paramyelois transitella  Insect navel orangeworm Regulated 1 2 
Parthenolecanium persicae  Insect European peach scale Regulated 1 2 
Planococcus ficus  Insect fig mealybug Regulated 1 2 
Platynota stultana  Insect omnivorous leafroller Regulated 1 2 
Pseudococcus maritimus  Insect grape mealybug Regulated 1 2 
Scirtothrips citri  Insect citrus thrips Regulated 1 2 
Tetranychus pacificus  Insect Pacific spider mite Regulated 1 2 
Trialeurodes vittata  Insect grape whitefly Regulated 1 2 
Vitacea polistiformis Insect grape root borer Regulated 1 2 
Viteus vitifoliae [strain] Insect grape phylloxera Regulated 1 2 
Baccharis halimifolia [contaminant] Weed baccharis Regulated 1 2 
Chondrilla juncea [contaminant] Weed skeleton weed Regulated 1 2 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    20
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Gnaphalium  spp. (except G. americanum, 
G. audax, G. calviceps, G. coarctatum, G. 
delicatum, G. ensifer, G. gymnocephalum, G. involucratum, G. laterale, G. limosum, G. 
mackayi, G. nitidulum, G. paludosum, G. 
pensylvanicum, G. polylepis, G. purpureum, G. ruahinicum, G. simplicicaule, G. sphaericum, G. subfalcatum, G. traversii) 
[contaminant] Weed cudweed Regulated 1 2 
Lactuca  spp. (except L. sativa, L. serriola, 
L. virosa ) [contaminant] Weed lettuce Regulated 1 2 
Sonchus  spp.  (except S. arvensis, S. asper, 
S. oleraceus, S. kirkii)  [contaminant] Weed sowthistle Regulated 1 2 
Xanthium  spp. (except X. spinosum ) 
[contaminant] Weed bur Regulated 1 2 
Tribulus  spp. [contaminant] Weed caltrop Regulated 1 2 
Tribulus terrestris [contaminant] Weed caltrop Regulated 1 2 
Cenchrus  spp. (except C. ciliaris ) 
[contaminant] Weed grass Regulated 1 2 
Digitaria spp. (except D. aequiglumis, D. 
ciliaris, D. ischaemum, D. sanguinalis, D. 
setigera, D. violascens ) [contaminant] Weed grass Regulated 1 2 
Echinochloa  spp. (except E. crus-galli, E. 
crus-pavonis, E. esculenta, E. telmatophila ) 
[contaminant] Weed grasses Regulated 1 2 
Eragrostis curvula [contaminant] Weed African love grass Regulated 1 2 
Panicum  spp. (except P. capillare, P. 
dichotomiflorum, P. huachucae, P. maximum  var. trichoglume, P. miliaceum, P.
 
schinzii, P. sphaerocarpon ) [contaminant] Weed - Regulated 1 2 
Pennisetum alopecuroides [contaminant] Weed Chinese pennisetum Regulated 1 2 
Pennisetum polystachion [contaminant] Weed mission grass Regulated 1 2 
Phragmites  spp.  [contaminant] Weed grass Regulated 1 2 
Poa spp. (except 52 specified species in 
NZ) [contaminant] Weed - Regulated 1 2 
Sorghum halepense [contaminant] Weed Johnson grass Regulated 1 2 
Sorghum x almum [contaminant] Weed Columbus grass Regulated 1 2 
Lycium  spp. (except L. barbarum, L. 
ferocissimum ) [contaminant] Weed boxthorn Regulated 1 2 
Solanum elaeagnifolium [contaminant] Weed silverleaf nightshade Regulated 1 2 
Cheiracanthium inclusum Spider yellow sac spider Regulated 2a 2 
Circurina spp. Spider  Regulated 2a 2 
Clubonia spp. Spider  Regulated 2a 2 
Euryopis spp. Spider  Regulated 2a 2 
Gea heptagon Spider orbweb spider Regulated 2a 2 
Latrodectus geometricus  Spider brown widow spider Regulated 2a 2 IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    21
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Latrodectus hesperus Spider western black widow 
spider Regulated 2a 2 
Latrodectus mactans  Spider black widow spider Regulated 2a 2 
Lycosa  spp. Spider  Regulated 2a 2 
Oradrassus assimilis Spider  Regulated 2a 2 
Phidippus johnsoni Spider Johnson jumper Regulated 2a 2 
Alternaria alternata Fungus black stalk rot Non regulated . NA 
Aspergillus aculeatus  Fungus aspergillus rot Non regulated . NA 
Aspergillus niger  Fungus aspergillus rot Non regulated . NA 
Botryosphaeria dothidea (anamorph 
Fusicoccum aesculi) Fungus canker Non regulated . NA 
Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph Botrytis 
cinerea ) Fungus grey mould Non regulated . NA 
Glomerella cingulata (anamorph 
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ) Fungus anthracnose Non regulated . NA 
Greeneria uvicola  Fungus bitter rot Non regulated . NA 
Mycosphaerella personata (anamorph 
Pseudocercospora vitis ) Fungus isariopsis blight Non regulated . NA 
Mycosphaerella tassiana (anamorph 
Cladosporium herbarum ) Fungus black leaf spot Non regulated . NA 
Pleospora tarda (anamorph Stemphylium 
botryosum ) Fungus black mould Non regulated . NA 
Rhizopus arrhizus  Fungus wet rot Non regulated . NA 
Rhizopus stolonifer  Fungus rhizopus soft rot Non regulated . NA 
Uncinula necator (anamorph Oidium 
tuckeri) Fungus powdery mildew Non regulated . NA 
Brevipalpus californicus  Mite bunch mite Non regulated . NA 
Calepitrimerus vitis  Mite grapeleaf rust mite Non regulated . NA 
Colomerus vitis [bud strain] Mite grape erineum mite Non regulated . NA 
Colomerus vitis [erineum strain] Mite grape erineum mite Non regulated . NA 
Pseudococcus calceolariae  
Insect citrophilus mealybug Non regulated . NA 
Pseudococcus longispinus  Insect longtailed mealybug Non regulated . NA 
Pseudococcus viburni  Insect obscure mealybug Non regulated . NA 
Tetranychus urticae  Mite twospotted spider mite Non regulated . NA 
Cenchrus ciliaris [contaminant] Weed buffel grass Non regulated . NA 
Digitaria aequiglumis [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Digitaria ciliaris [contaminant] Weed summer grass Non regulated . NA 
Digitaria ischaemum [contaminant] Weed summer grass Non regulated . NA  
Digitaria sanguinalis [contaminant] Weed crab grass Non regulated . NA 
Digitaria setigera [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Digitaria violascens [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Echinochloa crus-galli [contaminant] Weed barn grass Non regulated . NA 
Echinochloa crus-pavonis [contaminant] Weed gulf barnyard grass Non regulated . NA 
Echinochloa esculenta [contaminant] Weed Japanese millet Non regulated . NA 
Echinochloa telmatophila [contaminant]  Weed  Non regulated . NA IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    22
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Gnaphalium americanum [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium audax [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium calviceps [contaminant] Weed silky cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium coarctatum [contaminant] Weed purple cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium delicatum [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium ensifer [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium gymnocephalum [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium involucratum [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium laterale [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium limosum [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium mackayi [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium nitidulum [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium paludosum [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium pensylvanicum [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium polylepis [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium purpureum [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium ruahinicum [contaminant] Weed creeping cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium simplicicaule [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium sphaericum [contaminant] Weed Japanese cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium subfalcatum [contaminant] Weed silky cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Gnaphalium traversii [contaminant] Weed cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Lactuca saligna [contaminant] Weed wild lettuce Non regulated . NA 
Lactuca sativa [contaminant] Weed 
lettuce Non regulated . NA 
Lactuca serriola [contaminant] Weed prickly lettuce Non regulated . NA 
Lactuca virosa [contaminant] Weed acrid lettuce Non regulated . NA 
Lycium barbarum [contaminant] Weed boxthorn Non regulated . NA 
Lycium ferocissimum [contaminant] Weed boxthorn Non regulated . NA 
Panicum capillare [contaminant] Weed witchgrass Non regulated . NA 
Panicum dichotomiflorum [contaminant] Weed smooth witchgrass Non regulated . NA 
Panicum huachucae [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Panicum maximum  var. trichoglume 
[contaminant] Weed green panic Non regulated . NA 
Panicum miliaceum [contaminant] Weed broomcorn millet Non regulated . NA 
Panicum schinzii [contaminant] Weed swamp panicum Non regulated . NA 
Panicum sphaerocarpon [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Pennisetum macrourum [contaminant]  Weed African feather grass Non regulated . NA 
Poa acicularifolia  subsp. acicularifolia 
[contaminant]  Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa acicularifolia  subsp. ophitalis 
[contaminant]  Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa anceps  subsp. anceps [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa anceps  subsp. polyphylla [contaminant]  Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa annua [contaminant] Weed annual poa Non regulated . NA 
Poa antipoda [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa astonii [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    23
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Poa aucklandica  subsp. aucklandica 
[contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa aucklandica  subsp. campbellensis 
[contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa aucklandica  subsp. rakiura 
[contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa breviglumis [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa buchananii [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa bulbosa [contaminant] Weed bulbous poa Non regulated . NA 
Poa celsa [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa chathamica [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa cita [contaminant] Weed silver tussock Non regulated . NA 
Poa cockayneana [contaminant] Weed avalanche grass Non regulated . NA 
Poa colensoi [contaminant] Weed blue tussock Non regulated . NA 
Poa compressa [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa cookii [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa dipsacea [contaminant] Weed   Non regulated . NA 
Poa foliosa [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa hesperia [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa imbecilla [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa incrassata [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa infirma [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa intrusa [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa kirkii [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa labillardierei [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa lindsayi [contaminant] 
Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa litorosa [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa maia [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa maniototo [contaminant] Weed desert poa Non regulated . NA 
Poa matthewsii [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa nemoralis [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa novae-zelandiae [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa palustris [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Poa pratensis [contaminant] Weed Kentucky bluegrass Non regulated . NA 
Poa pusilla [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa pygmaea [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa ramosissima [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa schistacea [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa senex [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa sieberiana [contaminant] Weed rough poa tussock Non regulated . NA 
Poa spania [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa sublimis [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa subvestita [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa sudicola [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa tennantiana [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Poa tonsa [contaminant] Weed  Non regulated . NA IHS Fresh Fruit/Vegetables. Vitis vinifera from the United States of America – State of 
California  
3 May 2010 
 
(Biosecurity Act 1993)    24
 Scientific name Organism 
type Common name Quarantine 
status Measures to 
prevent 
introduction  Actions on 
interception 
Poa trivialis [contaminant] Weed rough-stalked meadow 
grass Non regulated . NA 
Poa xenica [contaminant]  Weed  Non regulated . NA 
Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum 
[contaminant] Weed jersey cudweed Non regulated . NA 
Sonchus arvensis [contaminant] Weed perennial sow thistle Non regulated . NA 
Sonchus asper [contaminant] Weed prickly sow thistle Non regulated . NA 
Sonchus kirkii [contaminant] Weed - Non regulated . NA 
Sonchus oleraceus [contaminant] Weed puha Non regulated . NA 
Xanthium spinosum [contaminant] Weed bur Non regulated . NA 
# identifies a regulated high impact pest 
 
  
 
    
Measures to prevent introduction . No measures as pest non regulated   
 1 Visual inspection of produce and associated packaging 
 2 Consignment must be free from extraneous plant material – pests are 
associated with other plant parts (e.g., leaves, stems, flowers). 
 2a Undergone appropriate pest control activities  
 2b Pest free area (based on official detection survey) 
 3 Agreed offshore fruit fly treatment  provided for in Bilateral Workplan 
 4 Approved generic treatment   
    
Actions on interception NA No actions as pest is non regulated   
 0 No action due to low risk pathway   
 1 Removal of trash – pests are associated with other plant parts 
(e.g., leaves, stems, flowers) 
 2 Treat, reship or destroy   
 2a Treat, reship or destroy.  Suspend pathway  
 3 Reship or destroy.  Suspend pathway