GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
العربية  الخليج  لدول التعاون  مجلس  لدول التقييس  ھيئة   
GCC STANDARDIZATION ORGANIZATION (GSO) 
 
 
 
  
مشروع   : نھائي 
 
 
 
 
GSO2/1/FDS/GSO 40 : 2010 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
تحديث 
لقطاع الخليجية  الفرعية  الفنية اللجنة    والإطارات  المركبات  مواصفات  
 
 
  
  
ق لمواص  مش  الوثيق  ھ  فإنھ ل بش  والملحوظ  ال  لإب توزيعھ  ت خليجي  ياس
 مجل  م اعتمادھ  بع إلا خليجي  قياس  كمواص  إليھ الرج  يج ولا والتب  للتغيي  عرضة
الھيئة إدارة  . 
  
  اﻟﺳﻳﺎرات –اﻟﺻدﻣﺎت  ﺗﺣﻣﻝ   
MOTOR VEHICLES - IMPACT 
STRENGTH 
    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
تقديم  
عضو في تضم إقليمية  ھيئة العربية  الخليج  لدول التعاون  مجلس  لدول التقييس  ھيئة  الوطنية  الأجھزة  يتھا
 الخليجية  القياسية  المواصفات  إعداد الھيئة مھام ومن ، العربية  الخليج  دول في والمقاييس  للمواصفات
 متخصصة  فنية لجان بواسطة  . 
  
رقم الفنية اللجنة عمل برنامج  ضمن العربية  الخليج  لدول التعاون  مجلس  لدول التقييس  ھيئة قامت وقد2-1 
 "ال الفنية والإطاراتاللجنة  المركبات  مواصفات  لقطاع الفرعية  خليجية "    رقم المواصفة  بتحديث"  
GSO2/1/FDS/GSO 40: 2010  "الصدمات  تحمل السيارات   قبل البحرينمن  مملكة   تم تحديثوقد 
الصلة ذات المرجعية  والمؤلفات  والدولية  والأجنبية  العربية  القياسية  المواصفات  استعراض  بعد المشروع  . 
    
وق  المواصفة  ھذه اعتمدت  د  خليجية  فنية كلائحة    رقم الھيئة إدارة مجلس  اجتماع  في)                         
      ( بتاريخ  عقد الذي ،         /      /       الموافق   ، ھـ/      /       م  . 
  
Foreword 
 
 
Standardization Organization for GCC (G SO) is a regional Organization which 
consists of the National Standards Bodies of GCC member States. One of GSO 
main functions is to issue Gulf Standards /Technical regulation through 
specialized technical committees (TCs). 
 
GSO through the technical pr ogram of committee TC No . 2-1 "  The Gulf 
technical Subcommittee for vehicles and tyres standards " ha s reviewed this 
Standard No. "GSO2/1/FDS/GSO 40: 2010  MOTOR VEHICLES - IMPACT 
STRENGTH " .  The Draft Standard has been pr epared by Kingdom Of Bahrain .  
 The draft Standard has been prepared based on relevant ADMO, International 
and National foreign Sta ndards and references. 
 This standard has been approved as Gulf
 Standard by GSO Board of Directors in 
its meeting No..../....  ……. held on    /    /   /  H ,  /    /   G 
 
 
 
 
    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
 
 
 
 
MOTOR VEHICLES - IMPACT 
STRENGTH 
 
 1- SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION 
 This standard is concerned with the strength of passenger cars, multi-purpose 
passenger vehicles, trucks and buses to withstand impacts. 
 
2- COMPLEMENTARY REFERENCES 
2.1 GSO 36/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 1:  
Frontal Impact”. 
2.2 GSO 37/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 2:  
Moving Barrier Rear Impact”. 
2.3 GSO 38/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 3A:  
Side Impact”. 
2.4 GSO 1707/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of  Test for Impact Strength - Part 3B: 
Moving Barrier Side Impact”. 
2.5 GSO 1708/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of  Test for Impact Strength - Part 3C: 
Moving Barrier Side Impact”. 
2.6 GSO 39/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 4:  
Roof Strength”. 
 3- DEFINITIONS 
3.1 Passenger car:  A motor vehicle with a motive power, except a multi-purpose 
passenger vehicle, designed to carry nine persons or less including the driver. 
3.2 Multi-purpose passenger vehicle:  A mo tor vehicle with motive power, designed 
to carry nine persons or less which is c onstructed either on a truck chassis or with 
special features for occasional off-road operation. 
3.3 Truck:  A motor vehicle intended for carrying goods, it may also tows a trailer. 
3.4 Bus:  A motor vehicle intended for carrying persons and luggage, and which has 
more than nine seating places including the driver seat. 
3.5 Fixed impact barrier:  A fixed block of reinforced concrete, prepared for the 
frontal impact test. 
3.6 Moving impact barrier:  A steel construction, moving on four wheels, prepared for 
the rear and side impact test.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
3.7 Kerb load of vehicle:  The weight of the vehicle with usual standard equipment, 
maximum capacity of engine fuel, oil, and coolant, the spare wheel, and (if so 
equipped) the air conditioning system. 
3.8 Passenger compartment:  The space for occupant accommodation, bounded by the 
roof, floor, side walls, doors, outside glazing and front bulkhead and the plane of 
the rear compartment bulkhead or the plane of the rear-seat  back support. 
3.9 “R” point:  A reference point defined fo r each seat by the manufacturer in relation 
to the vehicle’s structure. 
3.10 Transverse plane:  A vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane 
of the vehicle. 
3.11 Longitudinal plane:  A plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the 
vehicle. 
3.12 Protective system:  The interior fitti ngs and devices intended to restrain the 
occupants and contribute towards ensuring with the requirements set out in this 
standard. 
3.13 “H” point:  A reference point determin ed for each seat by the testing service 
responsible for approval. 
 
4- REQUIREMENTS 
 To be able to withstand impacts, the motor vehicles shall meet the following: 
4.1 Frontal Impact 
4.1.1 Steering Displacement 
4.1.1.1 The upper end of the steering shaft for passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger 
vehicles, trucks and buses with GVW le ss than 4500 kg with an unloaded weight 
of less than 2500 kg, shall not be displaced by more than 127 mm horizontally 
rearward, and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, relative to an undisturbed point on the vehicle which is not affected by the frontal impact, at an 
impact speed of 48.3 km/h with the fixed impact barrier. 
4.1.1.2 The requirements of item 4.1.1 shall not apply if the vehicle complies with the 
requirements of item 4.1.2.1.11.  Similarly, the requirements of item 4.1.2.1.11 
shall be deemed to be met if the requirements of item 4.1.1.1 are fulfilled. 
4.1.2 Dummy and Vehicle Performance Criteria (Dummy test A or B) 
 At the end of the frontal impact to  the passenger vehicle or multi purpose 
passenger vehicle, in either case with GVW up to 2500 kg (M
1 < 2.5T) the 
following performance criteria shall be met in either Dummy test A or Dummy 
test B: 
4.1.2.1 Dummy test A 
4.1.2.1.1 The head performance criterion (HPC) shall not exceed 1000. 
4.1.2.1.2 The resultant   head acceleration   shall  not  exceed  80 g for  more than 3 ms. 
4.1.2.1.3 The neck injury criterion (NIC) shall not exceed 3.3 KN (Figures 1 and 2). 4.1.2.1.4 The neck bending moment about the y axis shall not exceed 57 Nm in extension.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
4.1.2.1.5 The thorax compression criterion (THCC) shall not exceed 50 mm. 
4.1.2.1.6 The viscous criterion (VC) for the thorax shall not exceed 1.0 m/s. 
4.1.2.1.7 The femur force criterion (FFC) shall not exceed 9.07 KN as shown in fig. 3. 
4.1.2.1.8 The tibia compression force criterion (TCFC) shall not exceed 8 KN. 
4.1.2.1.9 The tibia index (TI) measured at the top and bottom of each tibia shall not exceed 
1.3 at either location. 
4.1.2.1.10 The movement of the sliding knee joints shall not exceed 15 mm. 
4.1.2.1.11 Residual steering wheel displacement,  measured at the centre of the steering 
wheel hub, shall not exceed 80 mm in the upwards vertical direction and 100 mm 
in the rearward horizontal direction. 
4.1.2.1.12 If there is continuous leakage of liquid from the fuel-feed installation after the 
collision, the rate of leakage shall not exceed 5 x 10-4 kg/s; if the liquid from the 
fuel feed system mixes with liquids from the other systems and the various liquids 
cannot easily be separated and identified, all the liquids collected shall be taken 
into account in evaluating the continuous leakage. 
4.1.2.1.13 No door shall open during the test. 
4.1.2.1.14 No locking of the locking systems of the front shall occur. 
4.1.2.1.15 After the impact, it shall be possibl e without the use of tools except for those 
necessary to support the weight of the dummy. 
4.1.2.1.15.1   To open at least one door, per row of seats to allow the evacuation of all the 
passengers.  This shall however, be applicable only to vehicles having a roof of rigid construction. 
4.1.2.1.15.2   To remove the dummies from the vehicle. 
4.1.2.2 Dummy test B 
4.1.2.2.1 The head performance criterion (HPC) shall not exceed 1000 . 
4.1.2.2.2 The resultant acceleration calculated from the output of the thoracic 
instrumentation shall not exceed 60 g, except for intervals whose cumulative 
duration is not more than 3 milliseconds. 
4.1.2.2.3 Compressive deflection of the sternum  relative  to the spine shall not exceed 76 
mm. 
4.1.2.2.4 The force transmitted axially through each upper leg shall not exceed 10 kN. 
4.1.2.2.5 The spillage liquid (replacing the fuel) from the fuel system and/or tank, from the 
moment of impact to cessation of motion of  the tested vehicle, shall not exceed 28 
grams.  In the 5 minutes period immediately following cessation of motion, the 
spillage shall not exceed 142 grams.  For the subsequent 25 minute period, fuel spillage during any one minute interval shall not exceed 28 grams. 
4.1.2.2.6 All portions of the test dummy shall be contained within the outer surfaces of the 
vehicle passenger compartment throughout the test. 
4.1.2.2.7 Retain 50% of windshield periphery on each side of the vehicle centerline. 
4.1.2.2.8 No intrusion of the occupant compartment by vehicle parts during the test.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
4.2 Fuel Leakage 
 The spillage liquid (replacing the fuel) from the fuel system and/or tank, from the 
moment of rear impact (Test procedure A) with speed 48.3 km/h to cessation of motion of the tested vehicle, shall not exceed 28 g.  In the 5 minutes period 
immediately following cessation of motion, the spillage shall not exceed 142 
grams.  For the subsequent 25 minute period, fuel spillage during any one minute 
interval shall not exceed 28 grams. 
4.3 Rear Impact 
 Vehicles must meet either item 4.3.1 or 4.3.2 or 4.3.3 , below. 
4.3.1 When tested to Test Condition (A), passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger 
vehicles, trucks and buses having a GVW less than 4500 kg must meet item 4.2 
above. 
4.3.2 When tested to Test Condition (B), passenger cars and multi-purpose passenger 
vehicles, and (at the manufacturer’s choi ce) trucks and buses, having a GVW less 
than 4500 kg must meet the following requirements: 
4.3.2.1 The amount of longitudinal displacement  of the vertical projection of the floor of 
the R-point of the vehicle’s rearmost seat in relation to a reference point on a non-
deformed part of the vehicle structure shall be less than 75 mm when impacted by 
the Moving Barrier Impactor at a speed of 35 km/h. 
4.3.2.2 At the end of rear impact on the vehicle the following performance criteria shall 
be met: 
4.3.2.2.1 No rigid component in the passenger compartment shall constitute a risk of 
serious injury to the passengers. 
4.3.2.2.2 The side doors of the vehicle shall not open under the effect of the impact. 
4.3.2.2.3 The opening of doors to enable all the passengers to emerge shall be possible 
without the use of tools. 
4.3.2.2.4 The requirements of item 4.1.2.12 (fuel leakage) shall be met. 
4.3.3 When tested to Test Condition (C), passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger 
vehicles, trucks and buses having a GVW less than 4500 kg must meet item 4.2 
above. 
 4.4 Side Impact 
 Depending on the vehicle applicability shown in items 4.4.1, 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 
vehicles shall meet the requirements of item 4.4.1 and the requirements of either 
item 4.4.2 or item 4.4.3. 
4.4.1 Performance Criteria (A) 
 The side impact test shall be carried out on passenger cars, multi-purpose 
passenger vehicles, trucks and buses whose maximum vehicle weight does not exceed 4500 kg and the following performance criteria shall be met when testing 
the vehicle in accordance with Gulf standard indicated in item 2.3. 
4.4.1.1 Each vehicle shall be able to meet the following with any seats that may affect 
load upon or deflection of the side of the vehicle removed from the vehicle.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
4.4.1.1.1 The initial crush resistance  
 The initial crush resistance shall be more than 1020 kg. 
4.4.1.1.2 The intermediate crush resistance shall be more than 1590 kg. 
4.4.1.1.3 The peak crush resistance shall be more than twice the curb weight of the vehicle 
or 3175 kg whichever is less. 
4.4.1.2 Each vehicle shall be able to meet the following with seats installed in the vehicle, 
and located in any horizontal or vertical position to which they can be adjusted 
and at any seat back angle to which they can be adjusted. 
4.4.1.2.1 The initial crush resistance 
 The initial crush resistance shall be more than 1020 kg. 
4.4.1.2.2 The intermediate crush resistance shall be more than 1985 kg. 
4.4.1.2.3 The peak crush resistance shall be more than three and one half times the kurb 
weight of the vehicle or 5445 kg, whichever is less. 
4.4.1.3 Vehicle with the following design parame ters need not meet the requirements in 
items 4.4.1.1 or 4.4.1.2. 
4.4.1.3.1 Any side door located so that no point on a 25.4 cm horizontal longitudinal line 
passing through and bisected by the H-point of a manikin placed in any seat, with 
the seat adjusted to any position and the seat back adjusted as specified in 
accordance with the Gulf standard mentioned in item 2.3; falls within the transverse, horizontal projection of the door’s opening. 
4.4.1.3.2 Any side door located so that no point on a 25.4 cm horizontal longitudinal line 
passing through and bisected by the H-point of a manikin placed in any seat, 
recommended by the manufacturer for installation in a location for which seat 
anchorage hardware is provided, with the seat adjusted to any position and the seat back adjusted as specified in accordance w ith the Gulf standard mentioned in item 
2.3 falls within the transverse, horizont al projection of the door’s opening.  
4.4.1.3.3 Any side door located so that a porti on of a seat, with the seat adjusted to any 
position and the seat back adjusted as specified in accordance with the Gulf 
standard mentioned in item 2.3, falls within the transverse, horizontal projection 
of the door’s opening, but a longitudinal vertical plane tange nt to the outboard 
side of the seat cushion is more than 25.4 cm from the innermost point on the inside surface of the door at a height between the H-point and shoulder reference 
point and longitudinally between the front  edge of the cushion with the seat 
adjusted to its forwardmost position and the rear edge of the cushion with the seat adjusted to its rearmost position. 
4.4.1.3.4 Any side door that is designed to be easily attached to or removed (e.g. using 
simple hand tools such as pliers and/or a screw driver from a motor vehicle 
manufactured for operation without doors. 
4.4.2 Dynamic performance criteria for dummy (B) 
 When a passenger car, multipurpose passe nger vehicle, light truck or bus whose 
maximum vehicle weight is less than 2722 kg with test dummies in the front and rear seats the following performance criteria shall be met when testing the vehicle 
in accordance with Gulf Standard indicated in item 2.4.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
 
4.4.2.1 Thorax 
 The thoraxic trauma index (TTI) shall not exceed 85 g for a passenger car with 
four side doors and for multi-purpose passenger vehicle, truck or bus and 90 g for 
a passenger car with two side doors. 
4.4.2.2 Pelvis 
 The peak lateral acceleration of the pelvis shall not exceed 130 g. 
4.4.2.3 Any door which is not struck by the moving deformable barrier shall meet the 
following: 
4.4.2.3.1 The door shall not disengage from the latched position. 
4.4.2.3.2 The latch shall not separate from the striker, and the hinge components shall not 
separate from each other or from their attachment to the vehicle. 
4.4.2.3.3 The latch and the hinge systems of the door shall not pull out of their anchorages. 
4.4.3 Performance Criteria (C)  The side impact test shall be carried out on passenger cars, multi-purpose 
passenger vehicles, trucks and buses whose maximum vehicle weight does not 
exceed 3500 kg where the seating referenc e point of the lowest seat does not 
exceed 700 mm from the ground and the following performance criteria shall be 
met when testing the vehicle in accordance with Gulf standard indicated in item 
2.5. 
4.4.3.1 The head performance criteria (HPC) shall be no more than 1000; if there is no 
head contact, the HPC shall not be measured or calculated but recorded as “No 
Head Contact”. 
4.4.3.2 For thorax: 
4.4.3.2.1 Rib deflection criterion (RDC) shall be not more than 42 mm. 
4.4.3.2.2 Soft tissue viscous criterion (VC) shall be not more than 1 m/s. 
4.4.3.3 For pelvis: 
 The pubic symphysis peak force (PSPF) shall not be more than 6 kN. 
4.4.3.4 The abdominal peak force (APF) shall be not more than 2.5 kN internal force 
(equivalent to external force of 4.5 kN). 
4.4.3.5 No door shall open during the test. 
4.4.3.6 After the impact, it shall be possible without the use of tools. 
4.4.3.6.1 To open a sufficient number of doors provided for normal entry and exit of 
passengers. 
4.4.3.6.2 To release the dummy from the protective system. 
4.4.3.6.3 To remove the dummy from the vehicle. 
4.4.3.7 No interior device or component shall become detached in such a way as to 
increase considerably the risk of injury from sharp projections or jagged edges.    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
4.4.3.8 Ruptures resulting from permanent deformation are acceptable; provided these do 
not increase the risk of injury. 
4.4.3.9 If there is continuous leakage of liquid from the fuel-feed installation after the 
collision, the rate of leakage must not exceed 5 x 10-4 kg/s; if the liquid from the 
fuel-feed system mixes with liquids from the other systems and the various liquids 
cannot easily be separated and identified, all the liquids collected must be taken 
into account in evaluating the continuous leakage. 
4.5 Roof strength 
 The maximum displacement of the tested part in the roof of passenger car, multi-
purpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses of GVW less than 2722 kg (excluding convertible) shall not exceed 127 mm when subjected to a force equal 
to 1.5 times the kerb load of the tested car, or 22.24 kN, whichever is less. 
 
5- SAMPLING 
 From the consignment of vehicles (of the same kind and model) a number suitable 
to the required tests shall be taken. 
 
6- TESTING 
6.1 Methods of Test  Testing shall be carried out in accordance with the following Gulf standards: 
5.2.1 GSO 36/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 1:  
Frontal Impact”. 
5.2.2 GSO 37/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 2:  
Moving Barrier Rear Impact”. 
5.2.3 GSO 38/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 3A: 
Side Impact”. 
5.2.4 GSO 39/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 4:  
Roof Strength”. 
5.2.5 GSO 1707/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 3B: 
Moving Barrier Side Impact”. 
5.2.6 GSO 1708/2005 “Motor Vehicles - Methods of Test for Impact Strength - Part 3C: 
Moving Barrier Side Impact”. 
 
7- CRITERIA OF TECHNICAL CONFORMITY 
 The criteria of technical conformity mentioned in the Gulf Standard 48/1984 
“Motor Vehicles - Conformity Certificates” shall be followed. 
    
GSO STANDARD GSO 40/2010
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Figure 1
Neck Tension Criterion
Figure 2 
Neck Shear Criterion  
Figure 3 
Femur Force Criterion