WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION   
G/AG/N/USA/83 
26 October 2011 
 (11-5375) 
Committee on Agriculture Original:   English 
  
 
NOTIFICATION  
 
  The following submission, dated 24 October 2011, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the United States .  The notification concerns actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision on Measures Concerning the Possible Negative Effects of the Reform Programme on 
Least-Developed and Net Food-Importing Developing Countries ( Table NF:1 ) during the fiscal year 
2009 . 
 G/AG/N/USA/83 
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  Table NF:1 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 16:2 OF THE AGREEMENT:  MONITORING OF THE 
FOLLOW-UP TO THE DECISION ON ME ASURES CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE 
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE REFORM PROGRAM ON LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET 
FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: 
United States of America 
 
REPORTING PERIOD: 
1 October 2008 – 30 September 2009 
 
 
(1) Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net food-importing developing countries
1: 
 
 Tonnage Product 
 
 30,580 Beans  13,560 Bulgur  145,630 Cornmeal  178,100 Corn-Soy Blend 
 38,890 Lentils 
 80 Non-fat Dry Milk  143,650 Peas  600 Potatoes  56,190 Rice 
 260 Salmon 
 783,110 Sorghum  140 Soy Flour  21,270 Soy-fortified Bulgur  1,920 Soy-fortified Cornmeal  80 Soy Protein Products 
 14,300 Soybean Meal 
 154,280 Vegetable Oil  962,050 Wheat  86,000 Wheat Flour 
 Total  2,630,690 tonnes 
 
(2) Indication of the proportion in fully grant form or appropriate concessional terms
2:  
 
1. The aid listed above was provided under the P. L. 480, Food for Progress, Section 416(b), and 
Food for Education programmes.  The allocations to the various food aid programmes were as 
follows: 
 95,010 tonnes Food for Education through Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs), 
World Food Programme (WFP), cooperatives, intergovernmental organizations, and governments; 
                                                      
1 Includes some regional groups, within which is a least-developed or net food-importing country. 
2 Further food aid information is available at the following websites: 
http://www.fas.usda.gov/excredits /FoodAid/Reports/reports.html  and http://www.fas.usda.gov/food-aid.asp .  G/AG/N/USA/83 
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   2,251,940 tonnes Title II Emergency through  PVOs, WFP, and governments;  Title I 
Development Assistance through PVOs, cooperatives, and intergovernmental organizations;  and 
 283,740 tonnes Food for Progress grants th rough PVOs, WFP, and governments. 
 2. Food assistance under Food for Education, Title II, Title III, Food for Progress and Section 
416(b) programmes is provided in fully grant form. 
(3) Technical and financial assistance under paragraph 3(iii) of the Decision: 
 
3. The principal source of US financial assistance and funding for technical assistance for 
developing countries is the US Agency for In ternational Development (USAID) within the 
Department of State.  All of the figures reported below represent budgetary obligations or estimates 
for the reporting period: 
(a) USAID assistance to agriculture ( Total:  $860,833,419 :  includes expenditures on crop 
production, livestock production, resource management , infrastructure, policies and planning, training 
and extension, and agribusiness credit) 
4. Some USAID funds are used to support agricultu ral technical assistance to least-developed 
and net food-importing developing countries by other US Government agencies, including the 
International Cooperation and De velopment (ICD) Program area of USDA's Foreign Agricultural 
Service.  For example, ICD provides technical assistance and training programmes focused on: agricultural policy formulation; marketing; agribusiness development; enhancing sanitary/phytosanitary capacity; promotion of inter-reg ional and international trade; development of 
market news and statistical systems; famine early warning and mitigation; grasshopper/locust 
eradication efforts; and natural resource manage ment.  The funding for these agencies' programmes 
comes primarily from USAID and is included in the figures above. 
(b) Millennium Challenge Corporation ( Total:  $494,000,000 ) 
5. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) h as been actively investing in sustainable, 
market based solutions to food security since 2005.   MCC funds country-led solutions for reducing 
poverty through sustainable economic growth.  Many  countries have identified agriculture and the 
rural economy as among their top priorities for fu nding via an MCC grant focused on long-term 
economic development.  MCC investments in agricu lture and rural development include rural roads 
and other infrastructure;  irrigation and water management;  technical assistance and agricultural technology transfer;  rural finance;  la nd/property rights; and agricultural research. 
(c) US Department of Agriculture Programs 
 Total, Borlaug Fellowship Program ($1,500,000): 
The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service ad ministers the Borlaug Fellowship Program, 
which provides scientific training and collaborative research opportunities to visiting researchers, policymakers, and univers ity faculty from developing countries. 
 
 Total, Cochran Fellowship Program ($1,725,000): 
The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service admi nisters the Cochran Fellowship Program, 
which provides short-term training in the United States designed to assist participating 
countries to develop agricultural systems ne cessary to meet the food needs of their 
populations. G/AG/N/USA/83 
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   Total, Emerging Markets Program ($10,000,000): 
The Emerging Markets Program was authorized  by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990, as amended.  The le gislation calls for $10 million in funding per 
year to assist public and private organiza tions in providing technical assistance to 
promote market development, improve market access, or assist in the development of 
emerging market economies. 
 
(d) US contributions to multilateral organi zations with an agricultural emphasis 
International Development Association $1,115,000,000 
UN Development Programme $113,988,000 World Food Programme $1,712,602,000
3 
International Fund for Agricultural Development $18,000,000 
International Institute for C ooperation on Agriculture $16,359,412 
Food and Agriculture Organization $259,871,000 Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research $79,000,000 African Development Bank Group $150,000,000 
Asian Development Bank Group $105,000,000 
Inter-American Development Bank Group $25,000,000 
 Total  $2,588,217,700 
 
(e) Peace Corps funds to support agricultural volunteers ( Total:  $2,901,200 ) 
Least-developed countries $1,673,600 
NFIDCs $1,227,600  6. Additional development programmes in least-d eveloped and net food-importing developing 
countries are provided by the US Peace Corps.  The Peace Corps sponsors volunteers who provided 
technical assistance to: produce agricultural pro ducts and by-products; increase agricultural 
productivity; safely use agricultural chemicals; and process, store or market agricultural goods and 
by-products. 
(f) Value of food assistance used in development programmes ( Total:  $277,015,300 ) 
7. This figure represents the US value of the commodities donated under Title II, Food for 
Progress, and Food for Education food aid programmes that were monetized.  When food aid is 
monetized, or sold locally, it produces funds that may be used for local agricultural development 
programmes and to cover local administrative costs for the programme.  Typically, the proceeds are used for water management or irrigation programmes,  farm credit, agricultural infrastructure, health 
programmes, or to purchase local foods that will prov ide a nutritionally complete diet to recipients.  
8. The total includes $83 million of Title II funds.  In fiscal year 2009, 93 per cent of Title II 
development programmes were in least-devel oped (LDC) and net food- importing developing 
countries (NFIDC). 
                                                      
3 This value represents total US Government contributions to the World Food Programme; only a small 
fraction of this total contribution goes toward agriculture development.   G/AG/N/USA/83 
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  (4) Other relevant information with respect to actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision:  
 
9. WTO developing countries, least-developed c ountries and net food- importing developing 
countries had access to the following US Governme nt officially-supported export credit guarantee 
programmes.  Figures include GSM-102 and Facility Guarantee Program.  ( Total:  $5,322,560,000 ) 
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