WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
28 October 2008 
 (08-5190) 
Committee on Trade and Environment  
  
 
ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE FOR 2005 
 
Note by the Secretariat
 
  
This document has been prepa red under the Secretariat's own 
responsibility and without prejudice to the positions of Members 
and to their rights and obligations under the WTO.  
 
 
1. This Note contains the WTO Environmental Database (EDB) for 2005.1  The EDB was 
established in 19982 in fulfilment of the recommendation in the 1996 Report of the CTE to the 
Singapore Ministerial Conference3 for the Secretariat to compile and update annually all environment-
related notifications to the WTO.  This Note c onstitutes a list of environment-related measures or 
provisions that were notified under the WTO agr eements in 2005 (Section I).  It also includes 
environment-related measures, pr ovisions or programmes noted in Trade Policy Reviews carried out 
in 2005 (Section II). 
2. It has been prepared in  accordance with the views expressed by Members4, using the search 
methodology adopted in WT/CTE/W/785, and building on the search words set out in 
WT/CTE/W/102.  The list of search words is att ached as Annex I to this Note;  the list of 
abbreviations is contained in Annex II. 
                                                      
1 For ease of reference, the Environmental Database for 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are contained in 
documents WT/CTE/EDB/1, 2, 3 and 4;  and for 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 in documents 
WT/CTE/W/46, 77, 118, 143 and 195 respectively.   
2 See WT/CTE/3. 
3 See WT/CTE/1. 
4 See WT/CTE/W/46. 
5 Bearing in mind the complexity and the need to exercise considerable judgement in what constitutes 
an environment-related measure, the Secretariat has made  this listing as comprehensive as possible, although it 
has in some cases shortened or summarized the relevant information. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 2  
 
   
I.
 NOTIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................. ..4 
A. AGREEMENT ON TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE  (TBT)......................................................10  
B. AGREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY (SPS)  
MEASURES ............................................................................................................................... .20 
C. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING MEASURES (SCM)..................................28  
D. AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................57  
E. AGREEMENT ON ANTI -DUMPING ...............................................................................................68  
F. AGREEMENT ON IMPORT LICENSING PROCEDURES (ILP).........................................................68  
G. AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS ..................................................................................................72  
H. AGREEMENT ON CUSTOMS VALUATION ...................................................................................73  
I. AGREEMENT ON STATE TRADING .............................................................................................74  
J. REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS (RTA S) INCLUDING THE UNDERSTANDING ON THE 
INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLE XXIV OF THE GATT 1994............................................................75  
K. AGREEMENT ON TRADE RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 
(TRIPS)........................................................................................................................ .............75  
L. THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) .................................................76  
M. QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS .................................................................................................77  
N. AGREEMENT ON TRADE -RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES (TRIMS) ...................................78  
O. UNDERSTANDING ON THE BALANCE -OF-PAYMENTS PROVISIONS OF THE GATT 1994.............79  
P. AGREEMENT ON TEXTILES AND CLOTHING ..............................................................................79  
Q. AGREEMENT ON PRE-SHIPMENT INSPECTION ...........................................................................79  
R. AGREEMENT ON RULES OF ORIGIN ...........................................................................................79  
S. PLURILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS :  AGREEMENT ON GOVERNMENT 
PROCUREMENT ..........................................................................................................................79  
T. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ....................................................................................................81  
U. OTHER NOTIFICATION PROVISIONS ..........................................................................................81  
II. TRADE POLICY REVIEWS ................................................................................................82  
A. BOLIVIA........................................................................................................................ ..........82  
B. ECUADOR ........................................................................................................................ .......83  
C. EGYPT.......................................................................................................................... ............84  
D. ISRAEL ......................................................................................................................... ...........84  
E. JAMAICA........................................................................................................................ .........85  
F. MALAYSIA ....................................................................................................................... ......86  
G. MONGOLIA....................................................................................................................... ......87  
H. NIGERIA........................................................................................................................ ..........88  
I. PARAGUAY ....................................................................................................................... .....89   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 3 
 
 
  J. QATAR.......................................................................................................................... ...........90  
K. REPUBLIC  OF GUINEA .........................................................................................................90  
L. ROMANIA ........................................................................................................................ .......90  
M. SIERRA  LEONE ......................................................................................................................92  
N. THE  PHILIPPINES ..................................................................................................................93  
O. TRINIDAD  AND  TOBAGO ....................................................................................................94  
P. TUNISIA ........................................................................................................................ ..........94  
ANNEX I   ENVIRONMENT-RELATED NOTIFICA TIONS:   SEARCH WORDS ..................96  
ANNEX II  ABBREVIATIONS..........................................................................................................97  
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 4  
 
  I. NOTIFICATIONS 
3. This Note contains results of a search
6 on 2400 documents issued in respect to notifications 
submitted by Members in 2005 under the following  GATT 1994 provisions and WTO agreements:  
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT);  Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures; Agreement on Su bsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM);  
Agreement on Agriculture;  Agreement on Anti- Dumping;  Agreement on Import Licensing 
Procedures (ILP);  Agreement on Safeguards;  Agre ement on Customs Valuation;  State Trading;  
Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), including the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article 
XXIV of the GATT 1994;  Agreement on Trade-Rela ted Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights 
(TRIPS);  the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);  Quantitative Restrictions;  
Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measure s (TRIMS);  Understanding on the Balance-of-
Payments Provisions of the GATT 1994;  Agreem ent on Textiles and Clothing;  Agreement on 
Preshipment Inspection;  Agreement on Rules of Origin;  Agreement on Government Procurement;  
Information Technology Agreement;  and other notifi cation provisions.  The notifications included in 
this Note specified, among other reasons, environment as the main objective for notifying the measure 
or provision.  
4. These environment-related notifications can be br oadly grouped into two categories.  The first 
consists of notifications that list environmenta l or related factors as the principal objective for 
notifying.  The provisions of the GATT 1994 and WTO Agreements which refer explicitly or are 
generally regarded as related to envir onmental objectives include the following: 
(a) Annex 2 paragraph 12 of the Agreement on Agriculture; 
(b) Article 5 paragraph 2 of the Agreemen t on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures (SPS); 
(c) Articles 2 and 5 of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT); 
(d) Article XIV(b) of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS); 
(e) Article 27.2 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property 
Rights (TRIPS);  and  
(f) Article XX (b) and (g) of GATT 1994. 
 5. The second category includes notifications that are not primarily environment-related, but 
contain references to environment-related aspects.  Fo r instance, notifications with respect to regional 
trade agreements may include a clause or a specific environmental provision.  In such cases, reference 
is made only to the environmental objective or cr iteria.  The notifications might, and usually do, 
contain broader objectives or other criteria. 
6. In 2005, out of the 2400 notifications subm itted, 329 (13.7%) were environment related.
7  
Comparing with the 1997-2004 average (224 notifica tions and 10.96%), there is an increase in both 
number and proportion.8   
7. Among the agreements, while environment-rela ted notifications had the highest proportion 
under the Agreement on Government Procurement,  Agreement on ILP, Agreement on SCM, and 
Agreement on Agriculture (45.4%, 38.5%, 19.5% and 16.9% respectively)9, the TBT and SPS 
                                                      
6 The search through the various WTO and GATT (1994) notifications was based on the information 
contained in the Working Group of Notification Obligations and Procedures (NOP) documents G/NOP/W/2 and G/NOP/W/16/Rev.1, and the Technical Cooperation Handbook of Notifications , the series of WT/TC/NOTIF 
(1996) documents. 
7 See Table 1. 
8 See Charts 1 and 2. 
9 See Charts 3–4.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 5 
 
 
  Agreements had the highest number of environment -related notifications (122 and 127 notifications 
respectively)10, and accounted for 37.1% and 38.6% of all WTO environmental-related notifications 
submitted in 2005.11   
Table 1:  Environment-related Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
 
GATT 1994 and 
WTO 
Agreements 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
TBT Agreement 89(794) 98(648) 84(1162) 97(651) 67(601) 114(622) 100(896) 110(718) 122(902) 
SPS Agreement 9(300) 21(300) 12(450) 27(468) 26(763) 48(803) 51(852) 67(924) 127(855) 
SCM Agreement 22(100) 36(90) 27 32(133) 21(198) 29(159) 33(138) 13(118) 27(139) 
Agreement on 
Agriculture 20(230) 22(190) 28(220) 40(229) 40(235) 32(193) 34(174) 29(157) 25(148) 
Agreement on 
Anti-Dumping 4(18) 1(12) 3 0 0 1(145) 2(142) 3(121) 0(120) 
Agreement on 
ILP 15(50) 20(60) 10(66) 17(70) 7(57) 13(89) 16(50) 12(34) 15(39) 
Agreement on 
Safeguards 0 1(30) 1 1(87) 1(130) 1(120) 1(94) 2(56) 1(47) 
Agreement on 
Customs 
Valuation 0 1(13) 1(58) 3(36) 1(44) 1(41) 0 0(17) 1(12) 
State Trading 0 1(30) 0 0 1(39) 2(36) 3(29) 0(30) 1(6) 
Regional Trade 
Agreements  6(14) 26 24 16 10(15) 0 0 0(172) 0(23) 
TRIPS 
Agreement 0 1 3 5(328) 5(227) 16(218) 5(139) 7(205) 2(40) 
GATS 0 1 0 0 0 7(43) 0 4(53) 1(54) 
Quantitative 
Restrictions 
(QRs) - 3 2 5 2 4(10) 2 7(8) 1 
TRIMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Understanding on 
the Balance-of-
Payments 
Provisions of 
GATT 1994 1(23) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agreement on 
Textiles and 
Clothing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agreement on 
Preshipment 
Inspection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agreement on 
Rules of Origin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agreement on 
Government 
Procurement 2 0 0 0 2(9) 9(21) 0 1(44) 5(11) 
Information 
Technology 
Agreement 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other notification 
provisions 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1(1) 1(3) 
Total number of 
environment-
related 
notifications 168 232 195 244 183 277 247 256 329 
                                                      
10 See Charts 5 and 6. 
11 See Chart 7. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 6  
 
  GATT 1994 and 
WTO 
Agreements 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Total number of 
notifications (1531) (1404) (2016) (2024) (2320) (2500) (2516) (2658) (2400) 
Proportion of 
environment-
related 
notifications (%) 11.0 16.5 9.7 12.1 7.9 11.1 9.8 9.6 13.70 
 
*  Total number of notifications made under each agreement is pr ovided in brackets. 
 
 
Chart 1:  Total Number of Environm ent-related Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
168232
195244
183277
247256329
050100150200250300350
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
    WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 7 
 
 
   
 
Chart 2:  Proportion of Environment-related Notifications (1997 – 2005 ) 
 
11% 16.50%  
9.70% 12.10%
7.90%11.10%
9.80%9.60% 13.70%
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 8  
 
  Chart 3:  Proportion of Environment-related Notifications under Selected Agreements (2005
) 
13.50%14.80%19.50%
16.90%
0%38.50%
2.10%8.30%16.60%
0%5%
1.80%45.40%
0.00%5.00%10.00%15.00%20.00%25.00%30.00%35.00%40.00%45.00%50.00%
TBT Agreement
SPS Agreement
SCM Agreement
Agreement of Agriculture
Agreement on Anti-dumping
Agreement on ILP
Safeguards
Customs
State TradingRTA
TRIPs Agreement
GATS
Government Procurement
 
Chart 4: Share of Environment-related Notif ications in Selected Agreements (2005)  
 
780728
112 123 120
24 4611 5 23 38 5360 5
1120 1 11 15025 27127122
01002003004005006007008009001000
TBT Agreement SPS Agreement
SCM Agreement
Agreement of Agriculture
Agreement on Anti-dumping
Agreement on ILP
Safeguards
Customs
State Trading
RTA
TRIPs AgreementGATS
Quantitative Restrictions (QRs)
Government ProcurementEnvironment-related Non Environment-related
 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 9 
 
 
   
Chart 5:  Environment-related Notifica tions in Selected Agreements (1997-2005)  
020406080100120140
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006TBT Agreement
SPS Agreement
SCM Agreement
Agreement of Agriculture
Agreement on ILP
Agreement on Government Procurement
 
 
 
Chart 6:  Number of Environment-related No tifications under Selected Agreements (2005)  
 
 122 127 
2725
15
2 5 
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 
TBT Agreement  SPS Agreement  SCM Agreement Agreement of
AgricultureAgreement on ILP TRIPs Agreement  Agreement on
Government
ProcurementWT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 10  
 
  Chart 7:  Distribution of the WTO Environment-related Notifications (2005
) 
 
 
 
 A. A
GREEMENT ON TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE  (TBT) 
8. In 2005, among the 902 notifications12 submitted by Members under Articles 2 and 5 of the 
TBT Agreement, 122 (13.5 per cent) cited environm ent as the main objective, or among the objectives 
of the notified technical regulations or conformity assessment procedures.13   
9. The notified environment-related measures rela ted to, among others, gas, oil, ethanol and 
other liquid fuel products, fuel ta nks and pipes, motor vehicles, tyres and vehicle parts,  pressure 
vessels, cylinders and engines, agricultural products , food and beverage, orga nic agricultural products, 
pest, fertilisers and pesticides, batteries, fire ex tinguishers, chemicals, waste, toxic and hazardous 
substances, minerals, cement, paints, textile materi als, construction materials, plastics, solvent, 
antifreeze, hydraulic breaking fluids and ozone de pleting substances, electrical conductors, lamps, 
refrigerators, air-conditioners, heaters and boilers , washing machines and other household electrical 
appliances, information and communication devic es, pharmaceutical production and electricity 
generation.  These measures included general envir onmental and labelling requirements, conformity 
assessment procedures as well as requirements aimed directly at pollution and emission reductions, fuel and energy efficiency or the protection of th e environment against toxic chemicals, substances 
and waste.
14 
                                                      
12 This number includes all addenda, corrigenda and revisions.   
13 See Table 2, Charts 8 and 9. 
14 See Table 3. GATS, 0.30%
Safeguards, 0.30%  TRIPs Agreement, 0.60%Quantitative Restrictions (QRs), 
0.30%
TBT Agreement, 37.26%
SPS Agreement, 38.60%  SCM Agreement, 8.20%  Agreement of Agriculture, 7.60%  Agreement on ILP, 4.60%  
Agreement on Customs  
Valuation, 0.30%  
State trading, 0.30%Information Technology  
Agreement, 0.30%  Agreement on Government  
Procurement, 1.50%   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 11 
 
 
  10. Over the years, the number of TBT environment -related notifications has been steadily rising 
(from 35 notifications in 1991 to  122 notifications in 200515, and from 9.8% in 1991 to 13.5% in 
2005).16         
Table 2:  Notifications under Articles 2 and 5 of the TBT Agreement  
Year 
 Number of 
environment-related 
TBT notifications Total number of TBT 
notifications Percentage of 
environment-related 
notifications 
1980-1990 211 2687 7.9 
1991-2000 610 5322 11.5 
1980-2000 821 8009 10.3 
1991 35 358 9.8 
1992 36 394 9.1 
1993 42 487 8.6 
1994 35 508 6.9 
1995 41 365 11.2 
1996 53 460 11.5 
1997 89 794 11.2 
1998 98 648 15.1 
1999 84 669 12.6 
2000 97 639 15.2 
2001 67 601 11.1 
2002 114 622 18.3 
2003 100 896 11.2 
2004 110 718 15.3 
2005 122 902 13.5 
 
                                                      
15 See Chart 8. 
16 See Chart 9. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 12  
 
  Chart 8:  Number of Environment -related TBT Notifications (1991-2005)
 
35 3642
3541538998
8497
67114
100110122
020406080100120140
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 
Chart 9:  Percentage of Environmen t-related TBT Notifications (1991-2005)  
9.8
9.1
8.6
6.911.211.511.215.1
12.615.2
11.118.3
11.215.3
13.5
02468101214161820
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 
 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 13 
 
 
  Table 3:  Environment-related TBT Notifications (2005 ) 
 
Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/ARG/193  Argentina Motor vehicles exhaust em ission To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/ARG/191 
 Argentina Steel-polyethylene gas pipes To protect property, the 
environment and public safety 
G/TBT/N/ARG/170 
 Argentina Compressed Natural Gas Fuel 
Systems for Motorcycles To protect property, the 
environment and public safety 
G/TBT/N/ARM/22 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Technical regulation on 
environmental safety of vehicles  To protect the environment 
and population from the 
negative effect of exhaust 
contaminants of vehicles  
G/TBT/N/ARM/21 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Technical Regulation on Cement 
Requirements To ensure safety and degree 
of risk management of cement 
influence on human life and 
health and the environment 
G/TBT/N/ARM/19 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Technical Regulation on 
Requirements for Food Providing 
Services To ensure safety as well as to 
protect human life, health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/ARM/18 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Technical regulation for elevators and 
paternosters and sa fety requirements 
of their operating To protect human life and 
health, goods and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/ARM/17 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Decree on the approval of changes 
and addendum in the technical 
regulation on the requirements for 
internal combustion engine fuels To provide safety 
requirements as well as to 
protect human life and health, 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/ARM/16 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Draft Decree on the approval of the 
technical regulation on the 
requirements for radio equipment and 
telecommunication terminal 
equipment To protect human life and 
health, and the environment. 
G/TBT/N/ARM/14 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Decree on the approval of the 
technical regulation on tobacco To protect human life and 
health and the environment 
and to warn customers against 
absurdity factors 
G/TBT/N/ARM/13 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Decree on the approval of the 
technical regula tion on polymeric 
materials or plastic  materials made on 
the basis of polymeric materials 
manufactured for contact with food To protect human life and 
health and the environment  
G/TBT/N/ARM/12 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Decree on the approval of the 
technical regulation on antifreeze and 
hydraulic breaking fluids To protect human, animal and 
plants life and health, and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/ARM/11 
 Armenia, 
Republic of Technical regulation on individual 
safeguard measures To protect human, animal and 
plants life and health, and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/BHR/3 
 Bahrain, 
Kingdom of  Cars, Tires, Rear mirrors in cars and 
Children's safety chairs in cars To maintain quality of 
vehicles;  to address 
environmental issues, 
consumer protection, and 
marketing relations with GCC 
neighbours 
G/TBT/N/BRA/198 
 Brazil Draft Ministerial Act on labeling 
requirements for refrigerators To protect the environment 
and to comply with energy-
saving requirements 
G/TBT/N/BRA/197 
 Brazil Draft Ministerial Act on labeling 
requirements for domestic air 
conditioners To protect the environment 
and to comply with energy-
saving requirements WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 14  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/BRA/196 
 Brazil Ministerial Act on  labelling 
requirements for clothes washing 
machines for household use To protect the environment 
and comply with energy-
saving requirements 
G/TBT/N/BRA/194 
 Brazil Ministerial Act on definitions  for 
organic fertilizers destined to 
agriculture To protect the environment 
and human health and to 
comply with labeling 
requirements 
G/TBT/N/BRA/192 
 Brazil  Gas water heaters and boilers To protect consumer's safety 
and the environment and to 
comply with labeling 
requirement 
G/TBT/N/BRA/178 
 Brazil Draft Ministerial Act for containers 
used for land transportation of 
hazardous products To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/CAN/146 
 Canada Proposed Amendment to the On-Road 
Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations To protect the environment 
and human health 
G/TBT/N/CAN/141/Rev.1 
 Canada Proposed Pest Control Products 
Regulations To protect human health, 
safety and the environment 
G/TBT/N/CAN/141  Canada Notice of Intent – Proposed Revisions 
to the Pest Control Products 
Regulations To protect human health and 
safety and the environment 
G/TBT/N/CAN/137  Canada Proposed Ethanol in Gasoline 
Regulations To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/CAN/134 
 Canada Proposed Amendment to the 
Prohibition of Certain Toxic 
Substances Regulations To protect the environment 
and human health 
G/TBT/N/CHL/47 
 Chile Final draft of the revised emission 
standards for light, medium and 
heavy motorized vehicles To protect the environment 
and human health 
G/TBT/N/CHN/167 
 China, The 
People's 
Republic of National Standard of the P.R.C., 
Diesel Engines - Limit Values and 
Measurement Methods for Exhaust 
Smoke under Steady-state Conditions To protect the environment 
and human life 
G/TBT/N/CHN/166 
 China, The 
People's 
Republic of National Standard of the P.R.C., 
Limit Values and Measurement 
Methods for Small and Medium Non-
road Diesel Engine Emissions To protect the environment 
and human life 
G/TBT/N/COL/63 
 Colombia Technical Regulation on Stationary 
Cylinders and Tanks Used for the 
Public Residential Supply of 
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and 
the Procedures for their Maintenance To conserve the environment. 
G/TBT/N/CRI/33 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation on Land Transport of 
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in 
Bulk To protect human life and the  
environment 
G/TBT/N/CRI/32 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation on  Land transport of 
liquid hydrocarbons (other than 
liquefied petroleum gas) To protect human life and the  
environment 
G/TBT/N/CRI/31 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation on Pressure Vessels.  
Portable Liquefied Petroleum Gas 
Cylinders.  Quick Coupling Valve To protect human life, health 
and the  environment  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 15 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/CRI/29 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation on the Manufacturing 
Specifications of Pressure Vessels, 
and Portable Liquefied Petroleum Gas 
Cylinders.  To protect human life, health 
and the  environment 
G/TBT/N/CRI/28 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Petroleum products To protect human life, health 
and the  environment 
G/TBT/N/CRI/27 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Petroleum Products and Liquefied 
Petroleum Gases To protect human life, health 
and the  environment 
G/TBT/N/CRI/26 
 Costa Rica, 
Republic of Pressure vessels, portable liquefied 
petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders and 
threaded (POL-type) connection 
valves To protect human life, health 
and the  environment 
G/TBT/N/DNK/52 
 Denmark Waste packaging for metal, plastic 
and wood To comply with the collecting 
and recycling targets set-out 
in the amended packaging directive 2004/12/EF 
G/TBT/N/DNK/50 
 Denmark Concrete (Light concrete and 
structural concrete) To work out a framework for 
translation of environmental 
classes  
G/TBT/N/DMA/5 
 Dominica Specification for the Limit on Lead 
Content in Paints To protect human health and 
the  environment 
G/TBT/N/ECU/5 
 Ecuador Draft Agreement regarding the 
Ecuadorian Technical Regulation on 
Welded Steel Tanks and Cylinders for 
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and 
Accessories Thereof To protect people, buildings 
and the environment from fire 
hazards 
G/TBT/N/ECU/2 
 Ecuador Draft Agreement regarding portable 
fire extinguishers To protect people, buildings 
and the environment from fire 
hazards 
G/TBT/N/GHA/2 
 Ghana Energy Efficiency Standards & 
Labelling for Non Ducted Air 
conditioners and self ballasted 
fluorescent Lamps To protect the environment 
and prevent deceptive 
practices 
G/TBT/N/GHA/1 Ghana Implementation of the Ghana 
Standards Board Conformity 
Assessment Program To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/34 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding the 
manufacturing specifications of 
Pressure vessels.  Portable liquefied 
petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders. To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/32 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding  Pressure 
vessels.  Portable liquefied petroleum 
gas (LPG) cylinders.  Quick coupling 
valve To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/31 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding  Pressure 
vessels, Portable liquefied petroleum 
gas (LPG) cylinders and  Threaded 
(POL-type) connection valves.  To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/29 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 13.01.25:05: 
Land transport of liquid hydrocarbons 
(other than liquefied petroleum gas) 
specifications To protect human safety and 
the environment WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 16  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/GTM/28 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 75.01.21:05:  
Petroleum Products.  Liquefied 
Petroleum Gases:  Commercial 
Propane, Commercial Butane and 
Mixtures Thereof To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/27 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding specification for 
Petroleum products. Regular petrol. 
Specifications To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/GTM/26 
 Guatemala Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding the specification 
of Land Transport of Liquefied 
Petroleum Gas (LPG) in Bulk To protect human safety and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/21 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Honduran Standard-Central American 
Technical Regulation regarding 
specifications for Petroleum Products.  Liquefied Petroleum Gases: 
Commercial Propane, Commercial 
Butane and Mixtures Thereof.  
Specifications To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/20 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Technical Regulation establishing the 
physico-chemical requirements for 
regular petrol for use in motor 
vehicles To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/19 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation No. 23.01.29:05:  Pressure 
Vessels.  Portable Liquefied 
Petroleum Gas Cylinders.  
(Manufacturing Specifications) To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/18 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding  Pressure 
Vessels.  Portable Liquefied 
Petroleum Gas Cylinders.  Quick 
Coupling Valve. To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/17 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding Pressure 
vessels.  Portable liquefied petroleum 
gas (LPG) cylinders.  Threaded 
(POL-type) connection valves. To protect human life, health 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/16 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation regarding specification for 
Land Transport of Liquefied 
Petroleum Gas (LPG) in Bulk To protect human safety and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/HND/14 
 Honduras, 
Republic of Central American Technical 
Regulation No. 13.01.25:05:  Land 
transport of liquid hydrocarbons 
(other than liquefied petroleum gas) To protect human safety and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/IND/11 
 India Tyres including ra dial tyres, “battery 
operated vehicles”, battery operated 
vehicles, power tillers, etc. To control pollution, to 
ensure road safety and 
national treatment 
G/TBT/N/ISR/124 
 Israel Electric refrigerators and food-
freezers for household purposes To protect consumers and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/ISR/109 
 Israel Air conditioners To protect consumers and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/ISR/96 
 Israel Copper alloy pipe fittings To protect consumers and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/ISR/95 
 Israel Aluminium reinforced polyethylene 
pipes and joints To protect consumers and the 
environment  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 17 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/ISR/77 
 Israel Gas-oil for diesel engines To protect consumers and the 
environment 
G/TBT/N/JPN/159 
 Japan Microwave oven and heavy duty 
vehicle To promote efficiency in 
energy usage 
G/TBT/N/JPN/152 
 Japan Revision of the Ministerial 
Notification, Enforcement Ordinance 
and Enforcement Regulation under 
the Law Concerning the Rational Use 
of Energy To promote rati onalization in 
the use of energy 
G/TBT/N/JPN/146 
 Japan Home electric applian ces To reduce CO2 emissions 
from households through 
dissemination of energy-
saving electric appliances 
G/TBT/N/JPN/141 
 Japan Non-road Special Motor Vehicles 
Exhaust Regulation Act To ensure environmental 
protection 
G/TBT/N/JPN/139 
 Japan Revision of the Cabinet Order of the 
Law Concerning the Examination and Regulation of Manufacture, etc. of 
Chemical Substances To prevent environmental 
pollution 
G/TBT/N/JPN/136 
 Japan Partial Amendment to Type 
Designation Regulations for Motor 
Vehicles, etc To ensure automotive safety 
and environmental protection 
 
G/TBT/N/JPN/133 
 Japan Partial Amendment to the Safety 
Regulations for Road Vehicles, etc To improve safety,  
environmental protection  and 
performance of vehicles. 
G/TBT/N/KEN/23 
 Kenya Zinc Phosphate weldable prim er To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/22 
 Kenya Marine paints – testing  To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/21 
 Kenya Marine paints To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/20 
 Kenya Marine Paints   To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/19 
 Kenya Marine Paints To protect human health and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/14 
 Kenya Verification of conformity to 
standards of Imports Order 2005 To protect human health, 
safety and the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/13 
 Kenya General requireme nts for marking and 
labelling of products To protect human health, 
safety and the environment 
G/TBT/N/KEN/12 
 Kenya Labelling of pre-packaged foods  To protect human health, 
safety and the environment 
G/TBT/N/KOR/94 
 Korea, Republic 
of Proposed draft of the Amendment to 
the Environmentally Friendly 
Agriculture Promotion Act To ensure consumer’s 
confidence on agricultural 
products produced by 
environmentally friendly 
farming 
G/TBT/N/KOR/88 
 Korea, Republic 
of Draft revision on regulations 
concerning Average Fuel Efficiency 
and labelling of its classification To protect the environment 
and human health; to 
conserve energy and improve 
energy efficiency 
G/TBT/N/LTU/6 
 Lithuania Construction products  To improve the level of 
protection for human beings 
and the environment. 
G/TBT/N/MUS/2 
 Mauritius Environmental Protection (Plastic 
Carry Bags) Regulations To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/MUS/1 
 Mauritius Environmental Standards for 
Hazardous Wastes Regulations To protect the environment WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 18  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/MEX/111 
 Mexico Fossil Fuel Specifications for 
Environmental Protection To protect the environment 
and the safety of the user, as 
well as to conserve natural 
resources. 
G/TBT/N/MEX/105 
 Mexico Draft Agreement Establishing the 
Conformity Assessment Procedure 
for Mexican Official Standards To protect human and plant 
health, natural resources and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/MNG/1 
 Mongolia Technical regulation on imported 
alcohol drinks To ensure the safety of 
products that may harm 
public interests, human 
health, the environment or 
safety of nations 
G/TBT/N/NIC/62 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 13.01.25:05:  
Land transport of liquid hydrocarbons 
(other than liquefied petroleum gas) To protect human safety and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/61 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 75.01.21:05:  
Petroleum Products.  Liquefied 
Petroleum Gases: Commercial 
Propane, Commercial Butane and 
Mixtures Thereof.  (Specifications)   To protect health, human life 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/60 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation No. 23.01.28:05:  Pressure 
Vessels.  Portable Liquefied 
Petroleum Gas Cylinders To protect health, human life 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/59 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 23.01.27:05:  
Pressure vessels.  Portable liquefied 
petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders.  
Threaded (POL-type) connection 
valves (Specifications)   To protect health, human life 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/58 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation  Pressure Vessels.  
Portable Liquefied Petroleum Gas 
Cylinders To protect health, human life 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/57 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation (RTCA) No. 75.01.19:05:  
Petroleum products:  Regular petrol To protect health, human life 
and the environment 
G/TBT/N/NIC/56 
 Nicaragua Central American Technical 
Regulation No. 13.01.26:05:  Land 
Transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas 
(LPG) in Bulk.  (Specifications) To protect human safety and 
the environment 
G/TBT/N/NOR/6 
 Norway Draft regulation relating to changes in 
regulation relating to restrictions on 
the use of chemicals dangerous to 
health and environment and other 
products To reduce or avoid risks to 
the environment and to 
human health 
G/TBT/N/QAT/3 
 Qatar, State of Cars, Tires, Rear mirrors in cars, 
Children's safety chairs in cars, Speed 
limits, Car upholstery, Brake fluid To maintain quality of 
vehicles, environmental 
issues, consumer protection, 
and marketing relations with GCC neighbours 
G/TBT/N/ZAF/53 
 South Africa Proposed Regulations in terms of 
Section 24B of the Environment 
Conservation To protect human health and 
the environment  
G/TBT/N/ZAF/52 
 South Africa Regulations regarding Petroleum 
Products specifications and standards To protect human health and 
the environment   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 19 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–related 
Objective 
G/TBT/N/TPKM/27 
 Chinese Taipei Announcement of draft "Restrictions 
on the Manufacture, Import, and Sale 
of Dry Cell Batteries" To conserve resource and 
reduce waste 
G/TBT/N/TPKM/25 
 Chinese Taipei Draft Amendments to the minimum 
energy efficiency requirements for 
non-ducted air conditioners, electric 
refrigerators and ballasts for 
fluorescent lamp To promote energy using 
efficiency of said products 
and to achieve the goal of 
energy conservation and 
environmental protection 
G/TBT/N/TPKM/18 
 Chinese Taipei Motorcycles (HS:  87.11) To reduce environmental 
pollution from motorcycles 
G/TBT/N/TPKM/17 
 Chinese Taipei Proposed Regulation on Excessive 
Packaging Restriction To conserve resource and 
reduce waste. 
G/TBT/N/THA/188 
 Thailand Solvent (HS Chapter:  3814;  ICS:  
87.060.30) To protect health and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/THA/187 
 Thailand Solvent (HS Chapter:  3814;  ICS:  
87.060.30) To protect health and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/THA/177 
 Thailand Textile auxiliary materi als To protect health and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/THA/174 
 Thailand Textile auxiliary material s To protect consumer and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/THA/173 
 Thailand Surface active agents To protect consumer and the 
environment  
G/TBT/N/USA/163 
 United States Fuel and Fuel Add itives To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/161 
 United States Motor vehicles To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/159 
 United States Motor vehicles To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/154 
 United States Energy Conservation Standards for 
Certain Consumer Products and 
Commercial and Industrial 
Equipment   To protect consumer and 
conserve energy 
G/TBT/N/USA/152 
 United States Ozone Depl eting Substances To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/136 
 United States Control of Emissions of Air Pollution 
from Diesel Fuel   To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/131 
 United States Pesticides To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/127 
 United States Air Pollutants To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/122 
 United States Chemicals To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/117 
 United States Asphalt To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/116 
 United States Ozone Depl eting Substances To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/115 
 United States National Emission Standards for 
Pharmaceuticals Production To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/100 
 United States Hazardous Materials: Requirements 
for UN Cylinders To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/98 
 United States Electric Utility Steam Generating 
Units To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/USA/93 
 United States Gasoline To protect the environment 
G/TBT/N/VEN/34 
 Venezuela Technical Regulation for Insulated 
Electrical Conductors, for voltages up 
to a maximum of 600 V To protect the environment 
and to prevent consumers 
from being misled 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 20  
 
  B. A
GREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY (SPS)  MEASURES  
11. In 2005, 855 notifications17 were issued under the SPS Agreemen t.  As all measures deal with 
the safety and protection of human, animal and plan t health, treating those taken for human, animal 
and plant health as directly environment related might  be misleading.  They, therefore, have not all 
been included in this Note.  Notifications of measur es dealing with pests pertinent to the protection of 
agricultural crops or farm animals have been excluded;   they have been included if they pertain to the 
protection of "territory" or the wild-environment or  plants in general.  In 2005, 127 environment-
related SPS notifications were submitted by Member s.  They accounted for 14.8 per cent of all 2005 
SPS notifications.  The number of SPS environment -related notifications has increased significantly 
over the years (from 9 in 1997 to 127 in 2005).18 
12. In 2005, the notified measures related to, among others, the importation of nursery stocks of 
forest and plant species, timber and logs, fruits and seeds, flowers and cut flowers, genetically 
modified organisms and transgenic plants, bees, w ild birds and eggs, live fish, live animals, animal 
products, animal feed and veterina ry products;  fertilizers, pestic ides and toxic chemicals;  wood 
packing material;  general phytosanitary and quarantine requirements and conformity assessment 
procedures. They aimed solely or partly at protecti ng animal health, plants from animal/plant pests or 
diseases, and the territory from other damage from pests.19    
Chart 10: Environment-relate d SPS Notifications (1997-2005)  
921
1227 26485167127
020406080100120140
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
 
                                                      
17 This number includes all re visions, addenda and corrigenda .  
18 See Chart 10. 
19 See Table 4 .  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 21 
 
 
  Table 4:  Environment-related SPS Notifications (2005)  
 
Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/ATG/4 
 Antigua and 
Barbuda Draft for  plant protection act To  protect plants and territory 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/ATG/1 
 Antigua and 
Barbuda Pesticides and toxic chemicals To protect animal health and 
plants 
G/SPS/N/IDN/26 
 Indonesia Temporary suspension of live animals, 
animal products and the derivates of 
them, raw material for animal feed, 
feedstuff, machine and equipment and 
also veterinary drugs from Brazil into 
Indonesia To protect animal health and 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/ARG/79 
 Argentina Plant propagation material for 
ornamental species To protect plants 
G/SPS/N/AUS/187 
 Australia Solid wood packaging material used in 
supporting, protecting or carrying break 
bulk and air cargo imported into 
Australia To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/AUS/186 
 Australia Stone fruit from New Zealand      To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/AUS/184 
 Australia Plant seeds To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/AUS/182 
 Australia Shipping containers entering Australia To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/AUS/177 
 Australia Draft Extension of Existing Policy on 
Pears from the People’s Republic of 
China To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/AUS/173 
 Australia Fresh sweet orange fruit To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/131 
 Brazil Pesticides To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/130 
 Brazil Wheat To protect plants and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/BRA/129 
 Brazil Genetically modified plants To protect plants and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/BRA/126 
 Brazil Pesticides containing aluminium 
phosphide To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/124 
 Brazil Wood packaging materi als To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/117 
 Brazil Plant products in general To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/116 
 Brazil GMO Soybeans and seed s To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/115 
 Brazil Plant products from musaceae and 
heliconiaceae families To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/112 
 Brazil Plant products in general To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/111 
 Brazil Fertilizers, Soil Correctives, Inoculants 
and Biofertilizers To protect animal health and 
plant;  to protect humans from 
animal/plant pests or disease  
G/SPS/N/BRA/106 
 Brazil Any animal, plant,  its products and by-
products To protect   plants and protect 
territory from other damage from pests; to protect humans 
from animal/plant pests or 
disease 
G/SPS/N/BRA/105 
 Brazil Genetically Modified So ybeans To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/104 
 Brazil Seeds, seedling and plant propagation 
material To protect plants  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 22  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/BRA/102 
 Brazil Wooden products and its by-product s To protect plants and territory 
from other damage from pests 
and  to protect humans from 
animal/plant pests or disease  
G/SPS/N/BRA/101 
 Brazil Wood packaging materials a nd dunnage To protect plants  
G/SPS/N/BRA/99 
 Brazil Cotton fiber type category: 2 
classification: 10 (Mercosur 
Phytosanitary Standard 3.7) imported 
from Nigeria. To protect plants and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CAN/245 
 Canada Plant Protection Phytosanitary Import 
Requirements for Soybeans To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CAN/233/Rev.1 
 Canada Phytosanitary Measures for 
Chrysanthemum , Dendranthema , and 
Leucanthemella serotina  Plant Material 
to Prevent the Introduction of Chrysanthemum White Rust, Puccinia 
horiana , P. Henn To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CAN/158/Rev.1 
 Canada Tropical lumber To pr otect plants and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CAN/157/Rev.10 
 Canada Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent 
the Entry of Phytophthora ramorum  To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CAN/157/Rev.9 
 Canada Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent 
the Entry of Phytophthora ramorum  To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CAN/157/Rev.8 
 Canada Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent 
the Entry of Phytophthora ramorum 
Associated with Sudden Oak Death into 
Canada To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CAN/157/Rev.7 
 Canada Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent 
the Entry of Phytophthora ramorum  
Associated with Sudden Oak Death into 
Canada To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHL/201 
 Chile Citrus fruit from Argentina To protect plant and the 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/CHL/200 
 Chile Phytosanitary requirements for the 
importation into Chile of wheat for 
consumption and processing from 
Sonora Valley, Mexico To protect plant and the 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/CHL/199 
 Chile Sleepers of wood and sawn timber for 
sleepers To protect plant and the 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/CHL/198 
 Chile Amendment to Resolution No. 3080 of 
2003 establishing regionalization 
criteria, updating the lists of quarantine 
pests To protect plant and the 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/CHL/196 
 Chile Amendment to Resolution No. 633 of 
2003 for the importation of plant 
material as in vitro  cultures of the 
species Opuntia ficu-indica  To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHL/195 
 Chile Phytosanitary regulations for importing 
reproductive material of some citrus species into Chile To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHL/187 
 Chile Amendment to Resolution No. 3080 of 
2003, "Establishing Regionalization 
Criteria", Updating the Lists of 
Quarantine Pests   To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHL/186 
 Chile Import Regulations for Junglans Regia  
(European Walnut) Plants, Cuttings and 
Twigs from Argentina To protect plant and the 
territory from other damage 
from pests  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 23 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/CHL/185 
 Chile Plant and Animal Health Regulations 
for Aircraft Entering Chile To protect  animal health, 
plant and the territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CHL/184 
 Chile Phytosanitary Requirements for 
Importing Seeds of Forest-Tree Species 
into Chile To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHL/182 
 Chile Stone fruit reproductive material To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CHN/84 
 China, 
People's 
Republic of Plants of erythrina spp. To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/COL/100 
 Colombia Genetically Modified Organisms 
(GMOs) To protect animal health, 
plant and humans from 
animal/plant pest or disease 
G/SPS/N/COL/96 
 Colombia Phytosanitary Emergency Throughout 
National Territory as a Result of the 
Presence in Rice of the Mites Steneotarsonemus spinki  (Smiley) and 
Steneotarsonemus furcatus  (De Leon) To protect plant and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/COL/95 
 Colombia Live terrestrial and aquatic animals and 
the products thereof To protect food safety, animal 
health and territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/COL/94 
 Colombia Animals and animal products To protect f ood safety, animal 
health and territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CRI/43 
 Cost Rica Pest risk analysis related to the entry for 
importation of fresh oranges for 
consumption from Nicaragua To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/CRI/39 
 Costa Rica List of Prohibited and Restricted 
Veterinary Products To protect food safety, animal 
health and territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CRI/37 
 Costa Rica Provisions Governing Post-Entry 
Phytosanitary Monitoring To protect plant and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/CUB/10  
 Cuba Fresh, chilled or frozen meat of bovine 
animals, swine sheep, cured, cooked 
and salted meat products, and dairy 
products and their derivatives To protect animal health and 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/ECU/6 
 Ecuador Agricultural pesticides To protect food safety and 
plant 
G/SPS/N/ECU/5 
 Ecuador Phytosanitary measures to ensure the 
phytosanitary quality of wood 
packaging material used in international 
trade for products imported into 
Ecuador To protect territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/ECU/1 
 Ecuador Phytosanitary measures to ensure the 
phytosanitary quality of wood 
packaging material in international 
trade To protect territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/EGY/2 
 Egypt Wood packaging materials To  protect territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/EEC/272 
 European 
Communities All agricultural products containing 
methabenzthiazuron (pesticide active 
substance) To protect food safety and 
plant 
G/SPS/N/GTM/34 
 Guatemala Provisions Governing Wood Packaging 
Material used in International Trade To protect plant and  territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/GTM/33 
 Guatemala Establishing the Regulations and 
Procedures for Areas, Sites, Places and 
Orchards Free From and Areas of Low 
Prevalence of the Mediterranean Fruit 
Fly To protect plant and humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 24  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/GTM/28 
 Guatemala Provisions Governing Post-Entry 
Phytosanitary Monitoring To protect plant and  territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/GTM/27 
 Guatemala Decision Regulating the Importation 
and Consignments in Transit of Crops 
and Ornamental Plants that Host the 
Insect Thrips palmi Karny  from 
Countries of Origin or of Provenance 
where this Pest is Present To protect plant and  territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/HND/8 
 Honduras Plant propagation material To protect plant and  territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/IND/20 
 India Regulation of import into India of Plant 
and Plant materials and other regulated 
articles as per Plant Quarantine To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/IND/19 
 India Regulation of import into India of Plant 
and Plant materials and other regulated 
articles as per Plant Quarantine To protect plant  
G/SPS/N/IND/18 
 India Regulation of import into India of Plant 
and Plant materials and other regulated 
articles as per Plant Quarantine To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/IDN/26 
 Indonesia Ruminants and pigs.  Including meat, 
milk, edible and by products, MBM, 
veterinary drugs To protect animal health and 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/IDN/25 
 Indonesia Draft decree concerning Importation of 
Live Fish To protect animal health and 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/IDN/24 
 Indonesia Decree for The Entry of Fresh Fruit and 
Vegetable into Indonesia To protect plant and  territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/IDN/23 
 Indonesia Draft Regulation regarding Organic 
Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner To protect plant and to protect 
humans from animal/plant 
pest or disease and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/JAM/8 
 Jamaica The Plants (Importation) Control 
(Amendment) Regulations To protect plant  
G/SPS/N/JPN/151 
 Japan List of IAS, UAS and LORCA To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease and territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/JPN/136 
 Japan  List of IAS, UAS and LORCA To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease and territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/JPN/132 
 Japan Amendment of the Enforcement 
Ordinance under the Plant Protection 
Law To protect plant  
G/SPS/N/KEN/15 
 Kenya Prohibition of Import of Domestic and 
Wild Birds, Hatching Eggs, Table Eggs 
and Meat and Meat Products of 
domestic and Wild Birds in accordance 
with the Animal Di seases Act Cap 364 To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease 
G/SPS/N/KEN/14 
 Kenya Prohibition of Import of Domestic and 
Wild Birds, Hatching Eggs, Table Eggs 
and Meat and Meat Products of 
Domestic and Wild Birds in accordance 
with the Animal Di seases Act Cap 364 To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 25 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/KEN/13 
 Kenya Prohibition of Import of Domestic and 
Wild Birds, Hatching Eggs, Table Eggs 
and Meat and Meat Products of 
Domestic and Wild Birds in accordance 
with the Animal Di seases Act Cap 364 To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease 
G/SPS/N/KEN/12 
 Kenya Prohibition of Import of Domestic and 
Wild Birds, Hatching Eggs, Table Eggs 
and Meat and Meat Products of 
Domestic and Wild Birds in accordance 
with the Animal Di seases Act Cap 364 To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease 
G/SPS/N/KEN/11 
 Kenya Prohibition of Import of Domestic and 
Wild Birds, Hatching Eggs, Table Eggs 
and Meat and Meat Products of 
Domestic and Wild Birds in accordance 
with the Animal Di seases Act Cap 364 To protect animal health  and 
plant and to protect humans 
from animal/plant pest or 
disease 
G/SPS/N/KOR/184 
 Korea, 
Republic of Proposed draft amendment of quarantine 
pest list To protect plant  
G/SPS/N/KOR/98/Add.11 
 Korea, 
Republic of Tentative phytosanitary measures to 
prevent the introduction of Sudden Oak 
Death Disease 
 
 To prevent the introduction of 
Sudden Oak Death Disease 
 
 
G/SPS/N/MEX/209 
 Mexico Bees and bee semen To protect animal health and 
to protect territory from other 
damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/MEX/208 
 Mexico Draft Agreement Establishing the 
Conformity Assessment Procedure for 
Mexican Official Standards Issued by 
the Ministry of the Environment and 
Natural Resources To protect humans from 
animal/plant pest or disease 
and to protect plant and 
territory from other damage 
from pests 
G/SPS/N/MEX/207/Add.2 
 Mexico Establishing the internationally 
recognized phytosanitary measures for 
wood packaging material To allow more time to adopt 
the phytosanitary measures 
established  
  
G/SPS/N/MEX/207/Add.1 
 Mexico Establishing the internationally 
recognized phytosanitary measures for 
wood packaging material To establish a reasonable 
period permitting those 
targeted by this regulation to 
adopt the measures necessary 
for compliance without 
obstructing the sanitary 
control of wood packaging material  
G/SPS/N/NPL/1 
 Nepal All products To protect  humans from 
animal/plant pest or disease 
and to protect plant and 
territory from other damage 
G/SPS/N/NZL/335 
 New Zealand Anethum  seed for sowing To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NZL/334 
 New Zealand Import Health Standard 155.02.06 
Importation of Nursery Stock  To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NZL/333 
 New Zealand Import Health Schedules Cannabis 
sativa  (low THC Hemp variety), Pisum , 
Triticum  and Zea seed for sowing To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NZL/332 
 New Zealand Ficus  spp. nursery stoc k To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NZL/331 
 New Zealand Import Health Standard Commodity 
Sub-class:  Fresh Fruit/Vegetables; 
Lychee, Litchi chinensis  from Thailand To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NZL/324 
 New Zealand New Zealand Standard 155.02.06 
Importation of Nursery Stock  To protect plant WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 26  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/NIC/28 
 Nicaragua Provisions Governing Post-Entry 
Phytosanitary Monitoring To protect  plant and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/NOR/15 
 Norway Draft Regulation amending Regulations 
related to plants and measures against 
pests To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/NOR/12 
 Norway Regulation concerning import of 
terrestrial invertebrates to Norway To protect humans from 
animal/plant pest or disease 
and to protect animal health 
and plant 
G/SPS/N/PAN/44 
 Panama, 
Republic of 
Panama Products using wood packing material 
in international trade To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PRY/4 
 Paraguay Packaging material in international trade To protect  territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/PRY/3 
 Paraguay Packaging material in international trade To protect  territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/PRY/2 
 Paraguay Packaging material in international trade To protect  territory from 
other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/PER/119 
 Peru Quarantine pests not found in Peru To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PER/98 
 Peru List of quarantine pests for Pe ru To protect plant and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/PER/91 
 Peru Wood packaging material To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PER/88 
 Peru Phytosanitary Treatment Manual 
regulating the procedures for quarantine 
pest control treatments To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PER/87 
 Peru Wood packaging mate rial To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PER/86 
 Peru Draft Directorial Resolution  for the 
establishment of Phytosanitary 
Requirements for the Importation of 
Plant Products and Botanical Seeds To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/PER/84 
 Peru Rooted artichoke cu ttings To protect plant  
G/SPS/N/VCT/1 
 Saint Kitts 
and Nevis Plant and Plant products To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/SGP/28 
 Singapore Plants, plant products, planting media 
and living organisms To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/49 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of pear 
scions" To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/46/Add.1 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs Territory of  Rules for Approving Imports and 
Exports of Transgenic Plants 
 To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/46 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Rules for Approving Imports and 
Exports of Transgenic Plants To protect plant  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 27 
 
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/41/Rev.1
/Add.1 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Quarantine Requirements for the 
Importation of Wood 
 To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/41/Rev.1 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Draft amendment of  the “Quarantine 
Requirements for the Importation of 
Wood” To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.9
/Add.1  Taiwan, 
Penghu, Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Quarantine Requirements for the 
importation of plants or plant products 
 To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.9 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of 
plants or plant products" To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.8 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of 
plants or plant products" To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.7 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of 
plants or plant products" To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.6
/Add.1 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Quarantine requirements for the 
importation of plants or plant products 
 To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.6 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of 
plants or plant products" To protect plant WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 28  
 
  Document Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment–Related 
Objective 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.5 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Draft amendment of the "Quarantine 
Requirements for the importation of 
plants or plant products" To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TPKM/19/Rev.2
/Add.1 
 Taiwan, 
Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu, The 
Separate 
Customs 
Territory of  Quarantine requirements for the 
importation of carrots from the United 
States (State of California) 
 To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/TTO/5 
 Trinidad and 
Tobago All regulated wood packaging material 
as per article 2 of ISPM15 Manual – Guidelines for regulating wood 
packaging material in International 
Trade To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/ARE/7 
 United Arab 
Emirates Ban importation of palm trees and 
seedlings To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/VEN/12 
 Venezuela Phytosanitary measures to reduce the 
risk of the introduction or spread of 
quarantine pests associated with wood 
packaging manufactured from 
unworked wood and in use in 
international trade To protect human from 
animal/plant pest or disease;  
to protect plant and territory 
from other damage from pests 
G/SPS/N/USA/1187 
 United States Importation of Nursery Stock, Proposed 
Rule  To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/USA/1090/Add.1 
 United States Cut Flower s From Countries With 
Chrysanthemum White Rust To protect plant 
G/SPS/N/USA/1090  United States Cut Flowers To protect plant 
 
C. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING MEASURES (SCM) 
13. In 2005, out of the 139 notifications submitte d by Members under the SCM Agreement, 27 
(19.4%) included environment-related measures.20  These environment-related measures related to a 
variety of subsidies, assistance programmes, aid/ grants, loans, tax relief/reduction schemes, incentives 
and guarantees on investments, agriculture agreemen ts, investment programmes, credit schemes and 
research programmes.  They aimed at, among others, the protection of the environment, promotion of 
sustainable development, reduction in pollution and environmental risks, adaptation to new 
environmental requirements, conservation of natural resources, waste management, energy 
conservation, development of environmentally fri endly technology and alternative renewable energy 
sources.    
14. For example, in the agriculture sector, assistance  was granted to promote organic agriculture,  
sustainable utilisation and management of terrestri al resources;  and to encourage environmentally 
friendly cultivation and facilitate preser vation of the natural fertility of soil.  In the fisheries sector,  
assistance was provided to promote sustainable utili sation and management of aquatic resources and 
organic aquaculture;  to improve sanitary and health  conditions of fish breeding;  and to achieve a 
balance between the existing fisheries resources a nd their exploitation.  In the forestry sector, 
                                                      
20 See Chart 11.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 29 
 
 
  assistance was provided to research and development programmes aimed at strengthening the 
management of forestry and obtaining environmenta lly friendly forestry raw materials;  to promote 
sustainable utilisation of forest resources;  and to foster forest regeneration and conservation. 
15. On energy, assistance was granted to research and investment programs to promote energy 
conservation and energy efficiency;  to finan ce projects oriented towards the development, 
demonstration and implementation of  renewable energy technologies;   to provide incentives for the 
use of alternative energy sources (e.g. biomass,  hydro-power, wind and solar energy);  to reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions from energy and industrial production and to promote combined heat and power plants;  to promote energy saving in production as well as in public and private households;  to support the development, marketing procurement and u tilization of energy efficiency products;  and to 
assist moving towards a low carbon economy and meeting Climate Change targets.  On waste 
management, assistance was given to reduce the po lluting effect of waste on soil and water through 
the establishment of equipment for reprocessing and r ecycling and the construction of water treatment 
plants; to rehabilitate contaminated sites;  and to promote environmentally friendly packaging.  In the 
transport sector, measures were taken to contain air and noise pollution in urban areas;  in the industry 
sector, to foster the usage of fluorocarbon-alte rnative which has no ozone damaging impacts and 
minimal greenhouse effect;  and in the mining sector, to prevent pollution caused by mining 
activities.
21       
Chart 11:  Environment-related SCM Notifications (1997 -2005)  
2236
2732
212933
1327
0510152025303540
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
                                                      
21 See Table 5. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 30  
 
  Table 5:  Environment –related SCM Notifications (2005)
22 
 
Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
G/SCM/N/123/AUS 
G/SCM/N/123/AUS/Rev.1 Australia • Sustainable Regions 
Programme 
• Discretionary grants 
• From 2001 to 30 June 
2006 in the initial eight 
regions and until 30 June 
2008 in the remaining two 
• Organisations registered 
under State or Commonwealth legislation To offer a planned, integrated approach 
to regions facing environmental change. 
 
 
G/SCM/N/123/BGR Bulgaria, 
Republic of • Assistance to reduce soil 
and water pollution 
• Soft loans 
• Related to each soft loan 
case 
• All firms and companies To reduce the polluting effect of waste 
on soil and water through the 
establishment of equipment for 
reprocessing and recycling, building of 
water treatment plants in order to 
restore the normal quality of the 
environment. 
 
• Accompanying Measures 
of the Rural Development Programs. European 
Agriculture and Guidance 
Fund (EAGGF) - Guarantee 
section  
• Grants  
• 2000-2006 
• Member States To support agroenvir onmental measures 
and afforestation of agricultural land. G/SCM/N/123/EEC European 
Community 
 
• Financial Instrument of 
Fisheries Guidance (FIFG) - structural measures in the 
fisheries and aquaculture 
sector 
• Aid for the restructuring 
of fishing fleet and 
aquaculture 
• 2000-2006 
• Ship owners, enterprises, To contribute to achieving a sustainable 
balance between fishery resources and 
their exploitation. 
 
                                                      
22 The description of the Measure or programme is arranged (wherever possible) as follows: 
• Title of the measure or programme; 
• Form of assistance, if mentioned; 
• Indicative duration of programme if mentioned in a notification (if time is not mentioned in 
the table, the notification contains no reference to the duration of a measure or it says that the 
measure is not limited in time);  if a programme or measure has been discontinued or terminated but is still not notified, that means there were some pending liabilities (payments, 
collectibles, interest rate subsidies, guaranties,  losses to be covered etc.) spilling over the next 
periods; 
• Principal beneficiaries  
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 31 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
producer organizations, 
public and private bodies, 
professional organizations,  
cooperatives and fishermen   
• Common Organisation of 
the Market in Fishery and Aquaculture Products 
• Financial compensation, 
carry-over aid, autonomous 
withdrawal and carry-over, 
private storage aid, 
compensatory payment for 
tuna supplied to industry 
• Fishing years 
• Fishermen belonging to 
producers' organizations To provide economic assistance to 
environmental protection measures 
carried out by enterprises. 
 
• Guidelines on the 
Granting of Aid to the 
National Industries for 
Environmental Protection 
Measures  
• Non-repayable cash 
grants 
• From 2 April 2002 to 
unlimited time  
• Enterprises in all kinds of 
industries To provide economic assistance to 
environmental protection measures 
carried out by enterprises. 
• Guidelines on the 
Granting of Aid to the 
Management of abandoned 
polluted Sites  
• Non-repayable cash 
grants 
• From 31 May 2002 to 
unlimited time 
• Enterprises and local 
authorities To rehabilitate contaminated sites 
(priority is given to  those contaminated 
sites which are registered in the national 
register of contaminated sites). 
• Guidelines on the 
Granting of Aid to the 
Waste Water Management 
in industrial Enterprises 
• Non-repayable cash 
grants 
• From 23 September 2002 
to unlimited time 
• Enterprises in all kinds of 
industries To provide economic assistance to 
waste water manage ment projects 
carried out by enterprises. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.1 
 European 
Community 
(Austria) 
 
• Provision of Subsidies 
relating to the intensified 
Use of Biomass on 
energetic purposes through To provide economic assistance to the 
reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.  
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 32  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
local biomass heating 
facilities 
• Non-repayable cash 
grants 
• From 20 June 2001 to 30 
June 2005 
• Enterprises in the 
manufacturing industries and in the service-related 
industries 
• Vienna structural and 
environmental 
Improvement Programme 
• Non-repayable cash 
grants 
• From 16 April 1998 to 
unlimited time 
• Viennese enterprises in 
the manufacturing industries and in the 
service-related industries To provide economic assistance to 
investment projects carried out by 
Viennese enterprises in the fields of 
environmental protection and energy  
saving. 
• Assistance to the 
industrial waste water 
management by means of 
the Region of Styria 
• Non-repayable cash grant 
• From January 2004 to 31 
December 2006 
• Enterprises in the 
manufacturing industries To provide economic assistance to the 
financing of alternative and renewable 
energy projects, like for instance 
biomass plants.   
• Regional Planning 
Assistance Focal Point Programme (RPAFPP) 
2001-2006 – Focal Point: 
"Establishment of energy-
related Protection Projects" 
– Parts: 1) "Construction of 
Biomass Heating Systems"; 
2) "Off-heating and 
Regaining Warmth 
Systems"; 3) "Electrical 
Heat Pumps" 
• Non-repayable cash grant 
• From 16 November 2000 
to 31 December 2006 
• Enterprises and 
communities To provide economic assistance to the 
financing of renewable energy projects, 
like biomass plants. 
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.2 
 European 
Community 
(Belgium) • Order of 1 July 1993 on 
the promotion of economic growth in the Brussels-
Capital Region To promote specific investment for the 
purpose of saving energy, water or raw 
materials and protecting the 
environment.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 33 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Non-recoverable 
investment premium 
• Depending on the amount 
of the premium and on the 
duration of the investment 
programme 
• Enterprises of Brussels-
Capital  
• Law of 4 August 1978 on 
Economic Adjustment, as 
amended by the decree 25 
June 1992 – 
Implementation order of 21 
May 1999 
• Investment premium 
• No time-limit fixed 
• All enterprises of the 
Walloon Region meeting 
the SME criteria To boost operations aimed at achieving 
sustainable development. 
 
• Law of 30 December 
1970 on Economic Growth, 
as amended by the decree 
25 June 1992 – 
Implementation order of 21 
May 1999 
• Investment premium 
• No time-limit fixed 
• Enterprises located in 
disadvantaged areas To boost operations aimed at achieving 
sustainable development. 
  
• Decree of 15 December 
1993 regarding the 
economical expansion of 
the Flemish Region 
• Interest premium, fiscal 
advantages, exoneration of 
the immovable advanced 
tax payment, guarantees by 
the Flemish Region 
• Until October 2004 
• Large enterprises within 
the Flemish Region To promote the economical expansion 
of large enterprises within the Flemish 
Region fostering environmental 
investments. 
  • Decision of the Flemish 
Government of 1 October 2004 regarding the granting 
of aid to enterprises for 
ecological investments in 
the Flemish Region 
• Aid to ecological 
investments 
• 10 years from 2004 
• All enterprises To promote ecological investments.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 34  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.3 
 European 
Community 
(Cyprus) • Investment assistance to 
existing manufacturing 
industries for the 
installation of pollution 
control systems 
• Grants 
• From 1993 to 30 April 
2003 – then replaced by a similar EU compatible 
scheme 
• Manufacturing industries 
that began their operations 
before 1.1.1993 To assist financially existing 
manufacturing industries in order to 
comply with legal requirements of air 
and water protection legislation.  
• State aid in the 
agricultural sector 2003 
• Grant, loan, tax relief, 
guarantee 
• 1.1.2003 - 31.12.2003 
• Agricultural, forestry and 
food processing 
entrepreneurs involved in a 
farming business, Breeders' 
associations, people 
authorized to perform 
veterinary sanitation 
activity, keepers of livestock involved in a 
farming business, Czech 
professional non-
government organisations 
in the agri-food sector, 
National Stud Farm 
Kladruby nad Labem, 
Regional Stud Farm 
Tlumacov, KEZ, public 
beneficiary society To improve the genetic quality of 
livestock and trees, to prevent plant and 
animal diseases, to boost forest 
regeneration and conservation, forest 
management, forest game animals and 
afforestation, to support organic 
farming.  G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.4 European 
Community 
(Czech 
Repubblic) 
• State aid in the 
agricultural sector 2004 
• Grant, loan, tax relief, 
guarantee 
• 1.1.2004 - 31.12.2004 
• Agricultural, forestry and 
food processing entrepreneurs involved in a 
farming business, Breeders' 
associations, people 
authorized to perform 
veterinary sanitation 
activity, keepers of 
livestock involved in a 
farming business, Czech 
professional non-
government organisations 
in the agri-food sector, To improve the genetic quality of 
livestock and trees, to prevent plant and 
animal diseases, to boost forest 
regeneration and conservation, forest 
management, forest game animals and 
afforestation, to support organic 
farming.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 35 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
National Stud Farm 
Kladruby nad Labem, 
Regional Stud Farm 
Tlumacov, KEZ, public 
beneficiary society 
• National additional 
payments to the structural policy 2003 
• Grant 
• 1.1.2003 - 31.12.2003 
• Relevant bodies under 
the condition set up in the 
national SAPARD 
Programme To support organic farming and 
agrienvironmental measures.  
• National additional 
payments to the structural policy 2004 
• Grant 
• 1.1.2004 - 31.12.2004 
• Relevant bodies under 
the condition set up in the 
national SAPARD 
Programme To support organic farming and 
agrienvironmental measures. 
• Programmes of the State 
Environmental Fund of the Czech Republic 
• Grant, loan, grant 
combined with loan 
• For the time of validity of 
the programmes 
• Business carrying entities To promote environmental protection. 
• Support of the 
environment projects 
• Grant 
• 17.2.2003-31/12/2005 
• Producers To improve flood-control efficiency, 
atmosphere quality and waste disposal 
systems through supporting the projects 
aiming at enhancing landscape 
environmental stability and promoting renewal of eco-systems. 
   
• Grant Programme 
"Energetic exploitation of 
recoverable resources" 
• Grant 
• 31.3.2003-2004 
• Producers with different 
type of production To support the preparation of projects in 
the field of exploitation of recoverable 
resources.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 36  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Agricultural investments 
with the aim of protecting 
and improving the 
environment 
• Grant 
• Not specified 
• Farmers investing in 
storage facilities To help farmers investing in storage 
facilities sufficient to meet the 
requirements concerning the spreading 
and utilisation of manure in the fields. 
• Guarantee for loans for 
agricultural investments with the aim of protecting 
and improving the 
environment 
• Guarantee on 
investments 
• 31 March 1996 being the 
last date for application 
• Farmers investing in 
storage facilities To help farmers investing in storage 
facilities sufficient to meet the 
requirements concerning the spreading 
and utilisation of manure in the fields. 
• Control of animal 
diseases, Compensation for animals, feed etc. destroyed 
as part of the control 
programmes for animal 
diseases 
• Grant/Refund 
• 1/1-2002 
• Farmers To control serious animal diseases.  
• Financing of public 
institutions involved in research in agriculture and 
fisheries 
• Grant 
• Ongoing since 1978 
• Public research 
institutions and universities To promote agricultural and fisheries 
development with due consideration to a sustainable utilisation and 
management of th e terrestrial and 
aquatic resources.  
• Environmentally friendly 
farming 
• Grant 
• Not specified 
• Producers To encourage environmentally friendly 
extensive cultivation of the areas and to 
minimise the risks of pollution of the 
ground water resources. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.5 European 
Community 
(Denmark) 
• Establishment of shelter 
belts 
• Five-year subsidy  
• Not specified 
• Collective and individual To establish plantings providing shelter 
and improving the biotope in order to 
protect the land against erosion caused 
by wind and to reduce the need for 
artificial irrigation in locations 
threatened by drought.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 37 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
establishment of shelter 
belts 
• Organic farming 
• Five-year grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Individual organic farm To take into account the environmental 
aspects by excluding the use of plant 
protection products and limiting the use 
of nitrogen fertilizer and livestock 
manure. 
• Fishing vessels -  
permanent cessation 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Fishermen for cessing 
their activity To achieve a balance between the 
existing fisheries resources and their 
exploitation by reducing the fishing 
capacity. 
• Innovative measures and 
operations by members of 
the trade 
• Subsidy  
• 2000-2006 
• Producers and 
fishermen's organisations To promote measures related to the 
implementation of technical measures 
for the conservation of fish stocks, 
access to training, aquaculture 
equipment, implem entation of quality 
control systems, controls of sanitary 
conditions or impact on the 
environment. 
• Development Programme 
for Renewable Energy 
• Grant 
• Phasing out from 
December 2001 
• Renewable energy plants 
and renewable energy centres To reduce CO2 emissions from the 
energy production sector through 
development, demonstration and 
implementation of renewable energy 
technologies. 
• Act on CO2 Quota for 
Electricity Production 
• Grandfathered, tradable 
CO2 emission allowances  
• 2001-2004 
• Electricity producers To reduce CO2 emissions from power 
production.    
• Act no. 375 of 2 June 
1999 on the Electricity 
Supply Bill  
• Excess payment for 
electricity produced at 
decentralised combined 
heat and power plants 
• De facto limitation 
expected 
• Not specified To promote sustainable energy 
application.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 38  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Act no. 375 of 2 June 
1999 on the Electricity 
Supply Bill  
• Excess payment for 
electricity produced by 
windmills 
• De facto limitation 
expected 
• Not specified To promote sustainable energy 
application. 
• Law no. 420 of 1 June 
1994 - Governmental 
subsidy to promote the 
connection to combined 
power and heat distribution 
systems based on coal 
• Grant payment 
• From 1 October 1994 to 
2000 included 
• District heating 
companies that distribute 
heat produced on CHP 
based on coal To promote the connection to district 
heating supplied by combined heat and 
power plants (CHP) based on coal in 
order to reduce CO2 emissions.  
• Law no. 129 of February 
25. 1998 regarding 
governmental subsidy for 
product oriented saving 
programme 
• Grants 
• Phasing out since 
December 2001 
• Campaigns on energy 
efficient products To support the development, marketing, 
procurement and utilisation  of energy 
efficient products in household and 
public institutions in order to promote 
energy efficient products so as to reduce CO2 emissions.  
• Electricity Saving Trust 
No. 1209 of 27 December 
1996 
• Grant 
• No time limitation 
• Not specified To promote electricity savings in public 
and private households in accordance 
with environmental considerations.  
   
• Subsidies for energy 
savings etc. in private 
companies. Consolidated 
Act No. 84 of 3 February 
2000 
• Subsidy 
• Phasing out since 
12.12.2001 
• Private energy companies To support measures that ensure better 
energy efficiency or energy savings in 
private companies. The scheme aims at 
reducing the emission of CO2 from the 
companies.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 39 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Grant scheme for 
reimbursement of CO2-tax 
expenses to enterprises with 
a high energy consumption. 
Consolidated Act No. 846 
of November 17, 1997 
• Grant payment 
• No time limitation 
• Private companies with a 
high energy consumption To reduce the emissions of CO2 from 
private companies with a high energy 
consumption. 
• Subsidies for Electricity 
Production 
• Subsidy 
• Until the end of 2007 
• Not specified To reduce the CO2 emissions by 
increasing the share of co-generation, 
reducing the power production based on 
coal and the production of electricity 
based on renewable sources.  
 
• Law no. 3 of 3 January 
1992 - Grant scheme for investments in converting 
or expanding district 
heating plants to use of 
biomass fuels for heat or 
combined heat and power 
generation¨ 
• Grant payment 
• 2001-2004 To reduce CO2 emissions by converting 
or expanding district heating plants to 
use of biomass fuels for heat or 
combined heat and power generation.   
• Subsidy scheme for 
Cleaner Products 
• Grant 
• Phasing out since 2002 
• Many different actors To reduce the environmental impact of 
products that may occu r in all phases of 
the product life-cycle, including the 
waste treatment. 
• Environmental Aid 
(National Environmental 
Programme) 
• Grant 
• No time limit 
• Applicant's projects 
meeting the criteria of the 
National Environmental 
Programme To restore the stability of environment.  G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.6 European 
Community 
(Estonia) 
• Substitution of the 
Pollution Charge 
• Pollution charge 
substitution with 
investments in 
environmental protection 
• 3 year long support 
• Companies that release To decrease pollution by encouraging 
voluntary environmental protection 
investments.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 40  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
pollutants or waste into the 
environment 
• Payment under 
Environmental Programmes 
• Grant 
• No time-limit 
• Producers To promote environmentally friendly 
production methods by covering the 
additional expenditures of specific 
conditions under environmental 
programmes and to increase the share of 
organic farming in traditional 
agriculture that will promote 
sustainability of the environment by 
restricting the use of fertilizers and 
pesticides and facilitating the 
preservation of the natural fertility of 
the soil.    
• Payment under Regional 
Assistance Programmes 
• Grant 
• No time-limit 
• Farmers in the regions 
with soil acidity less or 
equal to 6.0 pHkcl To improve the soil fertility in the 
regions with low soil acidity.  
• Environment loan 
programme for SME 
(Finnvera plc) 
• Loans with inadequate 
collaterals (in comparison 
to market terms), interest 
rate subsidy 
• Indeterminate duration 
• Manufacturing and 
service enterprises and 
tourism industry by 
Finnvera plc To promote envir onment protection, 
energy saving, circulation of raw 
materials etc. 
• Energy Grants 
• Grant 
• From 1999 
• Enterprises and 
communities in the field of 
energy technology To promote energy conservation, 
energy efficiency and the use of 
renewable energy; to reduce the 
negative environmental impacts 
associated with energy production and 
usage; to contribute to energy security 
and diversity of energy supply. 
 G/SCM/N/123/ECC/Add.7 European 
Community 
(Finland) 
• Grants for the promotion 
of environmental protection 
• Grant 
• Phased out in 2004 
• Enterprises, local 
authorities, joint municipal 
boards and other 
corporations which promote 
environmental protection To promote environm ental protection.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 41 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Aid measures connected 
to energy taxation 
• Grant 
• Indeterminate duration 
• Plants producing 
electricity from wood and 
wood-based fuels, small 
power plants, wind power 
as well as electricity 
produced from the waste 
gas of metallurgic processes To promote the use of renewable 
energy.  
 
• Waste oil management 
financed by waste oil 
charges 
• Grant 
• Indeterminate duration 
• Enterprises management 
with the Ministry of 
Environment To promote environm ental protection.    
• Aid for composting 
plants on the Aland Islands 
• Grant 
• Limited in time to the 
building of a composting plant 
• Not specified To fulfil environmental objectives.  
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.9 European 
Community 
(Germany) • Promotion of efficient 
use of energy; programme section "Promotion of 
technological development 
(REN/TE)" 
• Grant 
• 3 years for projects 
subsidised in 2003  
• Companies in the field of 
energy technology To promote the development of new 
products and processes for the efficient 
use of energy and raw materials and for 
the use of renewable energies.  
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.10 European 
Community 
(Greece) • Subsidies to private 
investments for the 
economic and regional 
development of the State 
• Grant, interest 
contributions, leasing payment contributions 
• Legal basis not into force 
since 23 December 2004 
• Companies from all 
economic sectors To contribute to the protection of the 
environment and the savings of energy. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 42  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Assistance to Fisheries 
Activities 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Stock breeders, research 
and education organisations 
operating in the field of 
fishing To facilitate the protection and 
preservation and replacement of fish 
stocks in natural waters, to prevent the 
perishing of fish and eliminate the 
consequences of thereof.  
• Assistance to mending, 
cultivating and preserving the quality and the quantity 
of forests 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Sylviculturists To facilitate afforestation, treatment and 
cultivation of young forests. 
 
• Assistance to game 
husbandry 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Hunters, institutions, 
companies operating in the field of game husbandry To protect and preserve natural stocks 
of the species hunted as game and of 
their habitats. 
 
• Assistance to soil 
melioration and to irrigation 
investment 
• Grant and interest 
subsidy 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers To provide additional assistance to 
holders by financing bank loans of more 
than one year granted for soil conservation, country planning and the 
realisation of water supply and 
irrigation facilities. 
 
• Assistance for planting 
and restructuring forests and afforestation 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Sylviculturists To provide assistance for planting and 
restructuring forests and afforestation. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.11 European 
Community 
(Hungary) 
• Assistance to the 
promotion of Rural Areas 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers, organisations To provide assistance to 
agrienvironmental protection projects.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 43 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Assistance to the 
protection of arable land 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers, institutions 
and companies engaged in 
protection of cropland To improve land quality of erosion 
prone cropland, inland waters, acidic, 
alkaline and sand soil;  to provide 
assistance to research related to 
quantitative and qualitative protection 
of cropland. 
• Assistance to the 
Implementation of the National Agricultural 
Environment Protection 
Programme 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers, organisations To co-finance the costs of maintaining 
agriculture environmentally friendly.  
• Assistance to private 
forestry 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Private sylviculturists 
and co-operatives, 
organisations in the field of 
forestry To co-finance the private sector in the 
forest management.  
• Central Environment 
protection fund 
• Grant, repayable 
contribution free of interest 
or at preferential rates, 
credit guarantee 
• No explicit time limit 
• Domestic legal persons, 
domestic organisation 
without legal personality, 
self-employed persons, 
natural persons of 
Hungarian citizenship To promote an environment-friendly 
economic structure, prevent 
environmental nuisances, reduce and 
alleviate damages to the environment.    
• Assistance to the 
maintenance of recreational 
and park woods 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Operators of forest 
facilities To co-finance the costs of maintaining 
forest facilities such as botanical 
gardens, parking lots, green corridors 
and hiking paths. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 44  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Assistance to the trade of 
products originating from 
the ecological fishing of 
silver carp in Lake Balaton  
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers To support the fishing of silver carp for 
the purpose of environmental 
protection. 
• Assistance to genetic 
development 
• Grant 
• 2003-2004 
• Producers To assist the preservation or 
development of biological bases, the 
establishment of plantations for gene- 
preservation, the modernisation of 
related systems of qualification, the 
establishment and maintaining of farms 
for education and promotion purposes.   
• Assistance to food 
industrial technology 
investments 
• Grant and interest 
subsidy 
• 2003-2004 
• Processors To develop environmentally friendly 
packaging, reduce energy use and 
environmental damage. 
 
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.12 European 
Community 
(Ireland) • National Scheme for the 
Control of Farm Pollution 
• Direct payment 
• From 1994 to 1999 
• Farmers To assist smaller farmers to control 
farm pollution.  
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.13 European 
Community 
(Italy) • Law n. 10/91 – 
Contribution to the realization of a National 
Energy Plan aimed at 
rationalizing the use of 
energy and renewable 
energy sources 
• Grant 
• No final term established 
• Public and private 
companies, and related 
consortia, operating in 
industrial and service 
sectors To contribute to energy efficiency and 
environmental protection.  
 
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.15 European 
Community 
(Lithuania) • Support for Aquaculture 
• Grants and contributions  
• 2003-2010 
• Enterprises and farmers 
engaged in aquaculture To improve sanitary and health 
conditions of fish breeding.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 45 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
  • Support for organic 
aquaculture 
• Grant 
• 2003-2010 
• Legal and physical 
persons engaged in 
aquaculture To promote organic aquaculture in 
fisheries ponds.  
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.16 European 
Community 
(Luxemburg) • System of Aid for the 
Protection of the 
Environment, the rational 
use of Energy and the 
production of energy from 
renewable sources in force 
since 4 March 2004 
• Capital subsidy 
• Not determined 
• Enterprises meeting the 
criteria in Article 1 of the 
Law of 22 February 2004 
introducing a system of aid 
for the Protection of the 
Environment, the rational 
use of Energy and the 
production of energy To promote investment to protect the 
environment and implement new 
techniques for the rational use and the 
production of energy from renewable 
sources of energy.  
• Subsidy Scheme 
Economy, Ecology and 
Technology 
• Grant 
• Ended in December 2003 
• Companies and research 
institutes and universities To achieve scientific and technological 
innovations, which will foster 
sustainable industrial production processes, ecodesign and the use of raw 
materials and renewable energy. 
• Test Programme 
reference projects 
environmental technology 
• Subsidy (25% in case of 
a first application of the 
technology up to 50% in the 
case of measurement-
programmes) 
• Phased out since 31 
December 2002 
• Small and medium-sized 
enterprises To encourage small and medium-sized 
enterprises to apply new environmental 
technologies that contribute to the 
reduction of environmental cost of 
production.  G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.18 European 
Community (The 
Netherlands) 
• MPO (Credit Scheme for 
Environment-Oriented 
Product Development) 
• Loan (up to 40% of the 
total cost of the project) 
• Until the end of 2000 To facilitate projects of product 
development to achieve considerable 
reduction in the environmental impact.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 46  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Industrial and pre-
competitive R&D 
• Law on Environmental 
Taxes – Tax on 
Groundwater 
• Tax exemption or tax 
restitution 
• Unlimited 
• Companies engaged in 
extracting groundwater To foster environmental protection.  
 
• Regulation to stimulate 
the use of modes of urban transport, both passengers 
and goods, which are less 
harmful to the environment 
• Subsidy on extra cost for 
extra costs by exploitation 
• Indefinite 
• Different types of 
projects To contain air pollution in the urban 
environment caused by traffic. 
• Decision on subsidies to 
energy programmes 
• Grant 
• No fixed expiration date 
• Enterprises and non-
profit organisations To promote the rational use of energy 
and the use of renewable energy.  
• Subsidy scheme for 
environmental technology 
• Grant 
• No time-limit fixed 
• Not specified To encourage the development and 
wider application of new advanced 
environmental technology. 
• CO2 reduction Scheme 
• Grant 
• Until budget is expired 
• CO2 reduction projects To reduce CO2 emissions.    
• The research and 
development programme on 
soil remediation, soil 
protection and soil quality. 
The foundation on 
knowledge development 
and the transfer of 
knowledge in the field of 
the soil 
• Grant 
• 10 years To improve the knowledge-
infrastructure in the field of soil quality 
and to set up the transfer of knowledge 
in the field of soil quality, soil 
protection and soil remediation.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 47 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Industry, universities, 
public research bodies and 
other public bodies 
• The regulation on 
environmental investment 
deduction 2001 and 2002 
• Tax reduction 
• Unlimited 
• Firms  To stimulate investments in 
environmentally friendly capital 
equipment made possible by applying a 
reduction in the tax base, which 
compensates a part of the costs. 
• Environment Quality 
Electricity Production 
• Grant 
• From 1.7.2003 for 10 
years 
• Not specified To increase the share of renewable 
energy production and CHP.   
• National initiative for 
sustainable development 
(NIDO) 
• Grant 
• 10 years 
• Relevant programmes To achieve leaps forward in sustainable 
development, meaning the creation of a 
link between prosperity and well being, 
a link between economic growth and 
improvement of the living environment. 
• State Aid for 
Environmental creation and 
protection 
• Subsidy 
• One year 
• Investment projects of 
town and villages To foster environmental objectives of 
investment projects of towns and 
villages. 
 
• Support for Regional 
Development 
• Grant 
• One year 
• All companies meeting 
the requirements of the Commission for 
Assessment of Projects 
Promoting Regional 
Development To finance projects oriented towards 
savings of fuel and energy. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.21 
  European 
Community 
(Slovak 
Republic) 
• Energy Savings Scheme 
and Implementation of 
Recovered Energy Sources 
• Grant 
• One year 
• All companies whose 
projects are in accordance To finance the projects oriented towards 
energy saving and implementation of 
alternative energy sources. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 48  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
  with the requirements of the 
Association Council 
Regulation 
• Programme on financing 
and co-financing the 
development of freshwater 
and marine fisheries for 
2003 and 2004 
• Grant 
• 1 January 2003 - 31 
December 2006 
• Legal and natural persons 
engaged in fishing activity To improve stock conservation and 
management, to strengthen the 
monitoring of fishing activities and to 
reduce the structural imbalances of the 
sea fishing.  
 
• Environmental 
Investments 
• Favourable loans 
• 1 January 2003 - 31 
December 2004 
• Commercial companies 
and other legal persons and 
sole proprietors To promote investments into waste 
water treatment, into elimination of 
environmental impacts of waste water 
under the IPPC Directive, into 
renovation of drinking water supply to 
eliminate drinking water losses, into 
reconstruction of facilities for limitation 
of emissions of volatile organic 
compounds (VOC Directive) due to the 
use of organic solvents, into reconstruction of large combustion 
plants to eliminate air pollution, 
investments into reconstruction of waste 
incineration and co-incineration plants, 
investments into the elimination of 
emissions, into energy conservation 
programmes, inve stments into 
renewable energy sources (biomass, 
geothermal and water energy, sun 
energy, wind energy), into eliminating 
air pollution caused by diffuse sources 
of pollution in urban areas. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.22 
 European 
Community 
(Slovenia) 
• Support for energy 
conservation and the use of renewable energy sources 
• Grants 
• Until 31 December 2006 
• Commercial companies 
and sole proprietors, 
municipalities and public 
institutions To decrease the use of the energy 
compared with growth of GDP, to 
decrease the energy intensity, to support 
the energy conservation in all sectors of 
the economy, to increase the use of 
renewable energy sources, to increase 
public awareness of energy 
conservation.  
 
G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.23 European 
Community 
(Spain) • Promotion of aquaculture 
• Direct aid 
• 2000-2006 
• Enterprises in the 
aquaculture sector To promote tangible investments in 
marine and inland aquaculture. 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 49 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• National Marine 
Cultivation Plans 
• Direct aid 
• Annual 
• Autonomous 
Communities participating 
in plans approved by 
JACUMAR To develop and im plement National 
Marine Cultivation Plans as a means of 
strengthening the balanced development 
of aquaculture in the Autonomous 
Communities.  
   
• Development of non- 
energy mining 
• Non-repayable subsidy 
and repayable subsidy 
• Until 31 December 2006 
for its mining and 
environmental protection 
component 
• Enterprises, associations 
of enterprises or institutions To reduce the environmental impact of 
non-energy mining activities. 
• Energy Research 
Programme 
• Grants or loans with 
conditional repayment 
• From 1975 until 
unspecified time 
• Firms and individual 
inventors, research 
institutes and co-operative 
research institutes  To facilitate the transformation of the 
Swedish energy system in order to 
reduce the environmental and climatic 
effects of energy systems. 
• The Energy Technology 
Fund 
• Grants, soft loans and 
guarantees 
• From 1 July 1988 to 
unspecified time 
• Firms and individual 
inventors, research institutes and co-operative 
research institutes To focus on new technology for energy 
production and for environmental 
protection. G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.24 European 
Community 
(Sweden) 
• Grant for new Energy 
Technology 
• Grants 
• Unspecified duration  
• Variety of projects and 
sectors To develop technology for the use of 
sustainable sources of energy. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 50  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Support to energy 
maintenance in the South of 
Sweden 
• Grants 
• From 15 May 1999 to 31 
December 2002 
• Variety of projects and 
sectors To develop technology for the use of 
sustainable sources of energy.  
• Grants for local 
investments programmes 
for ecologically sustainable 
development 
• Grant 
• From February 1998 to 
31 December 2001 
• Local investment 
programmes administered 
by municipalities To obtain higher levels of 
environmental protection compared to 
what is demanded by international 
standards.  
• Investment grant for 
certain investments within 
the energy sector 
• Grant 
• From February 1998 to 
2005 
• Variety of projects and 
sectors To encourage use of sustainable sources 
of energy within electricity production.  
• Support to small scale 
electricity production 
• Grant to production costs 
• From 1 November 1999 
to 31 December 2002 
• Small scale electricity 
producers To ensure viability for small scale 
producers of electricity, sourcing from 
environmentally frie ndly and renewable 
energy production. 
• Support to wind power 
production 
• Tax reduction 
• Until 31 December 2009 
• Wind energy producers To ensure viability for producers of 
wind energy.    
• Energy tax concession 
• Tax reduction 
• From 1 July 1997 until 
further notice 
• Enterprises with energy 
intensive production To reduce emissions of CO2.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 51 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Waste tax concession 
• Tax reduction 
• From 1 January 2000 to 
2004 To reduce tax on certain categories of 
waste  due to environmental reasons. 
• Grants for climate 
investment programmes 
• Grants 
• From December 2003 to 
2006 
• Local climate investment 
programmes administered by municipalities To reduce emissions of green house 
gases and to help to bring about 
conversion to alternative energy sources 
and to save energy.  
• Aid for adjustment of 
fishing effort 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Fishing enterprises To achieve a sustainable balance 
between resources and their 
exploitation.  
• Investment aid to inland 
fishing 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Fishermen connected to 
inland fishing To improve and maintain a sustainable 
inland fishing sector.  
• Investment aid for 
protection of coastal waters 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Public institutions or 
bodies  To achieve a sustainable balance 
between resources and their 
exploitation. 
• Aid for temporary 
cessation of fishing 
activities 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Fishing enterprises To achieve a sustainable balance 
between resources and their 
exploitation.   
• Collective investment aid 
in small-scale coastal and 
freshwater fishing 
• Grant 
• 2000-2006 
• Associations of 
fishermen or fishermen families To achieve an ecologically sustainable 
fisheries sector.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 52  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Capital grants for 
renewable technologies 
• Grant 
• Until 31 March 2005 
• Companies within the 
renewable energy sector To help the development of renewable 
energy sector.  
• Carbon Trust 
Investments and Innovation 
• Research and 
development grants 
• 5 years at least 
• Universities and SMEs To reduce greenhouse gas emissions 
with particular emphasis on reduction of 
emissions from UK sources. 
• CIS Photovoltaic re-
cladding project, 
Manchester 
• Grant 
• 2 years from March 2004 
• CIS (Co-operative 
Insurance Services PLC) To stimulate the use of  renewable 
energy.  
• Emissions Trading 
• Incentive payments for 
emission reductions 
• From April 2002 to 
March 2007 
• Direct participants To achieve a significant amount of 
absolute reductions at a reasonable cost. 
• Energy Efficiency Best 
Practise Programme 
• Grants 
• Ongoing 
• Companies registered in 
the UK (this can include 
UK subsidiaries of overseas 
companies) or  
organisations based in the 
UK To help meet the UK Climate Change 
targets to reduce green house gas 
emissions by encouraging businesses to 
move towards a low carbon economy. 
• Excise duty to bio-
ethanol used as road fuel 
• Tax concession 
• 6 years 
• Producers To support alternative fuels that 
produce environmental benefits.   G/SCM/N/123/EEC/Add.25 European 
Community 
(United 
Kingdom) 
• First phase of major 
photovoltaic demonstration 
programme 
• Capital grants To help meet the UK's longer-term 
needs for clean electricity supplies and 
to contribute to the reduction of CO2 
emissions by encouraging 
individuals/organisations to invest in  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 53 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• From 2002 to 2006 
• Individuals and groups photovoltaic installations. 
• Green Fuel Challenge 
Pilot Project – Bio-gas 
• Tax incentive 
• 5 years 
• Producers To fulfil environmental objectives.  
• Green Fuel Challenge 
Pilot Project – Hydrogen 
• Tax concession 
• 5 years from 2003 
• Producers To fulfil environmental objectives. 
• NI - Aggregates levy - 
extended relief for aggregate commercially 
exploited in Northern 
Ireland 
• Tax relief 
• From 1 April 2004 to 31 
March 2011 
• Businesses registered 
with HM Customs and Excise for the aggregates 
levy which commercially 
exploit virgin aggregate in 
Northern Ireland To support sustainable development and 
encourage the efficient use of natural 
resources; to increase the environmental 
benefits of the levy in Northern Ireland.  
• Reduced rate of excise 
duty on bio diesel 
(N804/01) 
• Tax concession 
• No end date set 
• Producers To support alternative fuels that 
produce environmental benefits.   
• R&D for renewable and 
Sustainable Energy 
• Grants 
• Until end of April 2005 
with possibility of 
extensions 
• Companies within the 
renewable and sustainable energy R&D field To help increase research and 
development in the renewable and 
sustainable energy sector. 
   
• Renewable Obligation 
Order 2005 
• Recycling of buy-out 
payments To help the development of the 
renewable industry. 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 54  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
  • To 2027/28 
• Companies within the 
renewable energy sector 
G/SCM/N/123/ISL Iceland • Agricultural Agreements; 
Payments to dairy farms, 
sheep farms and 
horticulture farms 
• Direct payment 
• From 2004 to 31 August 
2005 (dairy farmers), 31 
December 2007 (sheep 
farmers) and 31 December 
2011 (horticulture farmers) 
• Dairy farmers, sheep 
farmers and horticulture 
farmers To integrate environmental issues in 
agricultural policy.  
• Energy Efficient 
Fluorocarbon-Alternative 
Synthesis Technology 
Development 
• Contract 
• 4/2002 - 3/2007 
• New Energy and 
Industrial Technology 
Development Organization To foster the usage of a fluorocarbon-
alternative which has no ozone layer 
damaging effects a nd minimal green 
house effect. 
• Subsidy for the Cost of 
Development of Waste 
Power Generation 
• Grant 
• 4/2003-3/2004 
• Waste power producers To assist the construction of waste 
power plants for the diffusion of waste 
energy utilisation.  
• Environmental Influence 
Programme – The Research 
on Influence of 
HydroPower 
• Contract 
• 4/2002-3/2004 
• Japan Electric Power 
Civil Engineering Association To foster river environment 
preservation by researching the 
optimum method to recover 
environmental influence around 
hydropower stations.  G/SCM/N/123/JPN Japan 
• Power Plant Assessment 
Programme - The Research 
on Impacts of Intake and 
Drainage in Large-scale 
Power Plant 
• Contract 
• FY 1976 - FY 2008 To establish technologies for 
environment impact assessment of 
cooling water taken into and discharged 
by thermal or nuclear power plants, and 
also technologies for harmonizing 
integration of the niche, newly 
developed in the vicinity of power 
plants, into the existing marine 
ecosystem.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 55 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Marine Ecology 
Research Institute 
• Subsidy for Loans to the 
Pollution Prevention Fund 
• Grant 
• Ongoing since April 
1973 
• Owners who have mining 
rights, through the Japan 
Oil, Gas and Metals 
National Corporation in the 
form of Loans To prevent the pollution caused by 
metal mines smoothly and effectively. 
• Well Abandonment 
Programme - Subsidy for Oil Well Abandonment 
• Contract, Grant 
• FY2003 - FY2008 
• Local government who 
will abandon oil well To prevent the pollution caused by oil 
well that had been neglected to 
abandon. 
• Fund for the Projects 
Implemented by Regional Governments for Promoting 
Sustainable Fisheries 
• Government funds 
• Determined on every 
fiscal year 
• Prefectural governments To implement comprehensive 
programmes aimed at the promotion of 
stock enhancement and sustainable 
aquaculture and the conservation of 
coastal environment. 
• Fund for the Activities 
Implemented by Non-
governmental 
Organizations for 
Promoting Sustainable 
Fisheries 
• Government funds 
• Determined on every 
fiscal year 
• Non-governmental 
organizations To implement comprehensive 
programmes aimed at the promotion of 
stock enhancement and sustainable 
aquaculture and the conservation of 
coastal environment.   
• Tax Concessions in 
Forestry: The Forest Trust 
Fund and the 5-year 
Average Tax Assessment 
• Tax concessions 
• Ongoing since 1965 
• Forest owners To promote sustaina ble utilisation of 
forest resources.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 56  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Environment-Related Objective 
• Subsidies for Forest 
Management Planning 
• Grant 
• Ongoing since 1971. 
• All owner categories and 
all types of operational 
forest land To stimulate forest management 
planning as a basic measure to promote 
sustainable forest management.   
• Subsidies for industrial 
and environmental purposes 
in forestry 
• Grants 
• Ongoing from 2004 
• All forest owner 
categories and all properties 
exceeding 1.0 hectare of 
productive forest land To enhance environmental values 
related to biological diversity, 
landscape, cultural inheritance and 
recreational activities. 
G/SCM/N/95/LVA Latvia • Aid for environmental 
protection 
• Soft loan 
• Projects meeting the 
priority set by the Ministry 
of Environmental 
Protection and Regional 
Development of the 
Republic of Latvia To protect the environment.  
• Fishing Vessels Buy-
back Programme 
• Grant 
• From July 2000 to 
December 2004 
• Owners of all kind of 
fishing vessels with valid 
fishing licences To ensure a sustainable use of marine 
resources.  
• Reward for reduction of 
fisheries activities 
programme 
• Grant 
• From January 2003 to 
December 2003 
• All kind of fishing 
vessels with valid fishing 
licences To ensure a sustainable use of marine 
resources. G/SCM/N/95/TPKM The Separate 
Customs 
Territory of 
Taiwan, Penghu, 
Kinmen and 
Matsu 
• Extension of the re-use of 
pond water in aquaculture programme 
• Grant 
• FY 1984-2004 
• Fishermen  To reduce the groundwater 
consumption.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 57 
 
 
  D. AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE  
16. In 2005, out of the 148 notifications23 submitted by Members under the Agreement on 
Agriculture, 25 (approximately 16.9 pe r cent) were environment-related.24  They were notified as 
Green Box measures;  under Article 18.3 on any ne w domestic support measure or modification of an 
existing measure;  and under Article 16 on bilatera l assistance projects for Least-Developed Net Food 
Importing Countries (LDNFICs).   
17. These environment-related measures included domestic support on research, infrastructural 
services, training, education and advisory services, sa nitary and phytosanitary services, quarantine and 
veterinary services, inspection, surveillance and control services, envi ronmental and regional 
programmes, plant and animal health programme s, salinity and water quality programmes, farm-
assistance, rural-conservation and land-use programmes,  soil, irrigation and drainage systems, natural 
resource management and sustainability init iatives, wildlife and exotic disease preparedness 
programmes and enforcement of legislation.   
18. They aimed at pest and disease control, plant and animal health protection, soil and water 
conservation, afforestation and reforestation,  reducing negative environmental impact from 
agricultural activities and the use of pesticid es and agrochemicals, promoting organic and 
environmentally sound farming practices, fosteri ng sustainable land use and agribusiness, improving 
natural resources management, assisting biodiversity and ecosystem conservation, pursuing diversification and alternative uses of resources,  and improving rural inco me and living conditions 
within a framework of long-t erm sustainable development.
 25  
                                                      
23 This number includes all re visions, addenda and corrigenda. 
24 See Chart 12. 
25 See Table 6. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 58  
 
  Chart 12:  Environment-related Agri culture Notifications (1997 -2005)
 
 
20222840 40
3234
29
25
051015202530354045
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 59 
 
 
   
Table 6: Environment-related Agriculture Notifications (2005 ) 
 
Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
G/AG/N/ARM/5 Armenia 
(2004) 
Green Box 
measure   
General 
Services  Infrastructural services   To test quality and levels of subsoil water 
through "Melioration" state joint-stock 
company (SJSC). 
To promote forest main tenance, conservation 
and reforestation basic work through the state 
non-commercial organization "Hayantar". 
To take Hydro-meteorological measures 
concerning environment and the 
implementation of other programs through the 
"Hydrometservice" SJSC. 
Research 
 To test quality and levels of subsoil water 
through "Melioration" state joint-stock 
company (SJSC). 
 
 Pest and disease control 
 To implement plant protection measures. 
Organizing of basic work 
of the land improvement 
 To forest and reforest basic works through the 
state non-commercial organization "Hayantar" 
("Armforest"). 
 G/AG/N/ARM/5/Rev.1 
 Armenia 
(2004) 
Green Box 
measure 
General 
Services 
 
Pedigree stock-breeding 
and seed-growing To take main hydro-meteorological measures 
concerning environment and the 
implementation of other programs through the 
"Hydrometservice" SJSC. 
G/AG/N/ARM/6 
 Armenia 
(2005) 
Notification 
under Article 
18:3  
General 
Services Infrastructural services To implement capital works directed on 
pasture water supply or drainage, and 
environmental protection. 
To improve the level of land utilization for 
agricultural purposes and environmental 
protection status. 
To improve the envi ronmental protection 
status and level of land utilization for 
agricultural purpose. 
Red Meat Research and 
Development To improve productivity and market 
performance of the meat and livestock 
industry and further the sustainable use and 
management of natural resources. 
Rural Industries Research 
and Development 
 To provide support for management of 
research and development programmes for the 
rural sector focussing on new and emerging 
plant and animal industries and generic 
programmes such as agribusiness, extension, 
rural education and climate change. G/AG/N/AUS/58 
 Australia 
(2003-2004) 
Green Box 
measure   
General services 
 
Sugar Research and 
Development To foster an internationally competitive and 
sustainable sugar industry. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 60  
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
Tobacco Research and 
Development To improve tobacco leaf production and 
improve sustainability. 
Land and Water Resources  
Research and 
Development To manage, in a productive and sustainable 
way, land, water and vegetation resources 
underpinning Australian primary industries 
and regional communities. 
National Feral Animal 
Control Strategy To reduce the damage caused to agriculture 
and the environment by feral animals.  
National Weeds Program To reduce the detrimental impact of nationally 
significant weeds on th e sustainability of 
Australia's natural ecosystem and production 
capacity. 
Wildlife and Exotic 
Disease Preparedness 
Program To contribute to the preparedness to deal with 
an outbreak of exotic animal disease by 
developing practical field strategies to 
eradicate and control wild animals.  
Building a National 
Approach to Animal and 
Plant Health To improve Australia’s animal and plant 
health infrastructure a nd to improve pest and 
disease prevention a nd emergency response 
capability. 
AAA - FarmBis Program 
 To develop unique and relevant training for 
primary producers to increase business 
management skills and sustainability of farm 
business enterprises. 
National Action Plan for 
Salinity and Water 
Quality To provide assistance to community-based 
regional bodies to develop integrated 
catchments or regional natural resource 
management plans targe ting salinity and water 
quality. 
Great Artesian Basin 
Sustainability Initiative 
 To eliminate wastage of water and manage the 
artesian water resource, thereby preserving 
options for the future. 
Research:  
New South Wales To develop technologies and practices which 
increase the efficiency and sustainability of 
food and fibre production. 
Research:  Queensland Natural 
Resources Management 
Program To implement research and data collection on 
land, water and native vegetation – including 
nutrients, salt, agri-chemicals and pesticides – 
to minimize land degradation, identify impacts 
on crops, predict movements through the 
environment, and develop ways of 
understanding, recognizing and achieving 
long-term viability.  
Research:  
Tasmania To develop and impr ove efficient and 
sustainable practices in agriculture.    
Research:  
Western Australia 
 To develop sustainabl e land management and 
pest and disease control.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 61 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
Pest and disease control 
Queensland  
Pest Management and 
Stock Route Services To protect plant and an imal and to provide 
pest management services. 
Pest and disease control 
Victoria 
Rabbit and animal 
Management 
 To provide advisory serv ices to minimise the 
economic, environmental and social impact on 
all lands in Victoria of actual and potential 
animal pests (rabbits included). 
Training Services New South Wales 
 To provide training on farm management, 
productivity enhancement and sustainability 
for agricultural producers. 
Training Services 
Queensland - FarmBis 
Training To undertake management training to increase 
productivity, profitability and sustainability of 
farm businesses. 
Extension and Advisory 
Services South Australia To enhance sustainable economic 
development. 
Inspection Services 
Australian Capital 
Territory - Animal Health To implement inspection services for the 
management of pest a nd disease threats to 
animal industries. 
Inspection Services 
South Australia - Plant 
and animal health To implement inspection services for the 
management of pest a nd disease threats to 
plant and animal industries. 
Infrastructure Services 
Tasmania To provide assistance in the provision of rural 
infrastructure and associated services to ensure 
the continued development of efficient and 
sustainable agriculture. 
Environmental 
programmes 
NHT – National Landcare To pay States for the purpose of the natural 
resource management. 
NHT – Bushcare 
 To provide assistance to community groups to 
reverse the long-term decline in the quality of 
native vegetation cover. 
NHT – National 
Rivercare Program To provide assistance for community groups 
to contribute towards the sustainable 
management, rehabilitation and conservation 
of rivers and to improve the health of these 
river systems. 
NHT – Murray-Darling 
2001 To promote and coordinate effective planning 
and management for the equitable, efficient 
and sustainable use of the water, land and 
other environmental resources of the Murray-
Darling Basin.   
Australian Capital 
Territory 
-Rural Conservation Fund 
 To provide financial a ssistance for projects 
that address conservation criteria such as the 
management of protecte d species and habitats 
and aquatic ecosystems. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 62  
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
New South Wales 
 To provide funding for programmes for 
preventing and mitigating degradation of land 
and water resources associated with 
agricultural production. 
Northern Territory –  
Natural Resource 
Management 
 To identify land resources and to evaluate 
opportunities and constraints in order to 
ensure appropriate land management practices 
which conserve, enhance, and where 
appropriate, rehabilitate land resources. 
Tasmania 
 To provide services to agricultural producers 
covering policy and regulatory frameworks to 
ensure equitable and sustainable provision of 
surface and groundwater resources and to limit 
environmental damage and to encourage 
sound practices to minimise soil erosion, 
salination and water damage. 
Western Australia- 
Salinity and natural 
resource management 
 To control salinity;  to manage soil 
conservation and nutrient;  to assess and 
monitor land resource;  and to manage engineering and water. 
Regional Assistance 
Programmes 
Rural Partnership 
Program 
 To achieve long-term change and to encourage  
profitable and self-reliant rural sectors which 
operate competitively and which can adapt to 
changing market, economic and resource 
conditions;  sustainable management of the 
natural resource base;  more robust, equitable 
and prosperous rural communities.   
Central North East South 
Australian Farm 
Assistance Program To promote structural adjustment in the 
Central Northeast of South Australia by 
facilitating sound business decisions and 
encouraging sustainability, innovation and 
self-reliance. 
G/AG/N/AUS/59 
 Australia 
2002 Sugar Industry Reform 
Program (SIRP) 2004 – 
Business Planning and 
regional/community 
projects program To provide assistance for projects pursuing 
options for diversification and alternative uses 
for cane, such as ethanol and biofuels, co-
generation and bio-plastics.  
Research To implement general research, research in 
connection with envir onmental programmes. 
Pest and disease control To take ge neral and product-specific pest and 
disease control measures, such as early 
warning systems, quarant ine and eradication. G/AG/N/BRA/22 
 Brazil 
(1998/99 – 
2002/03) 
Green Box 
measure   
General services 
Infrastructural services 
 To implement electricity reticulation, roads 
and other means of transport, market and port 
facilities, water supply facilities, dams and 
drainage schemes, and infrastructural works 
associated with environmental programmes.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 63 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
G/AG/N/CAN/53 
 Canada 
 (2000) 
Green Box 
measure   Environmental 
programmes 
 To replace management of soil, water and 
manure programmes in Quebec, and to include 
the Soil Conservation Program - PEI 
(G/AG/N/CAN/38) and the Farm 
Environmental Stewar dship Program - New 
Brunswick (G/AG/N/CAN/44). 
G/AG/N/CHE/34 
 Switzerland 
(1999- 2001) 
Green Box 
measure 
 Environmental 
programmes To pay for special ecological services 
(intensive production, organic farming, 
development and working of environmental 
compensation areas, animal-keeping 
programmes). 
To pay egg producers for special ecological 
services. 
Phytosanitary services 
 To strengthen animal and plant disease 
prevention and control measures.  Quality 
control of agricultural inputs and registration 
of new varieties of plants. 
 
Investment subsidies 
generally av ailable to 
agriculture  
 To support the establishment of new 
indigenous plantations, maintenance of existing plantations and promotion of 
reforestation. 
 G/AG/N/COL/30 
 Colombia 
(2000-2003) 
Green Box 
measure   
General 
Services 
Support to encourage 
diversification from 
growing illicit narcotic 
crops To support communities affected by illicit 
crops, through investment in production 
projects, technolog y, environmental 
regeneration and rural development. (2000-
2001). 
Research services To implement research in connection with 
environmental programmes. 
Infrastructural services 
 To develop livestock areas and zones and 
other infrastructural works for livestock 
(including works for environmental protection 
such as treatment of waste, etc.). G/AG/N/CYP/15 
 Cyprus 
(2003) 
Green Box 
measure   
Total general 
services 
 Development 
Programmes 
Investment subsidies 
generally av ailable to 
agriculture To provide a provision for financial assistance 
on soil conservation works for agricultural 
development. 
Tri-National Sustainable Development Programme 
for the Upper Lempa 
River Basin 
 To raise the living standards of the inhabitants 
of the upper Lempa River basin by way of 
measures encouraging the sustainable 
development of the intervention area, with a 
view to breaking the poverty-degradation of 
natural resources cycle. G/AG/N/HND/19  Republic of 
Honduras 
2003-2004 
Green Box 
measure   
General services 
 Land-use planning and 
protection of watersheds 
and protected areas 
 To ensure, in conjunction with the 
communities in the departments of 
Ocotepeque, Intibucá and Colón, the 
conservation, delimitati on and legalization of 
small watersheds and water sources. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 64  
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
  Agribusiness 
Development and Soil 
and Water Conservation 
Project for the Jicatuyo 
River Basin 
 To foster economic and social development in 
the area through an increase in household 
income on the basis of agricultural production 
within a framework of long-term 
sustainability. 
G/AG/N/HND/20  Honduras 
(June 2003 - 
May 2005) 
Notification 
under Article 
18.3 Agribusiness 
Development and Soil 
and Water Conservation 
Project for the Jicatuyo 
River Basin  (National 
Directorate for 
Sustainable Rural 
Development, 
DINADERS)  To foster economic and social development in 
the area through an increase in household 
income on the basis of agricultural production 
within a framework of long-term 
sustainability. 
G/AG/N/ISL/26 
 Iceland 
(2001-2003) Green Box 
measure   Environmental 
programmes To pay and to afforest under environmental 
programmes. 
Services Provided for Farmers 
 Soil conservation and drainage department. 
 G/AG/N/ISR/37 Israel  
(2003) Green Box 
measure   
General 
Services Regional Assistance 
Programmes 
Clean Arava Project To clean the Arava area from pesticides (a part 
of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Project). 
Research To provide general research, research in 
connection with envir onmental programmes, 
and research programmes relating to particular 
products. 
Environmental programmes 
 
Payments for conversion 
from rice production 
 To pay for maintaining paddy fields in 
environmentally good condition through 
growing any plants other than rice or other 
appropriate managements. G/AG/N/JPN/108  Japan 
(2001-2002) 
Green Box 
measure   
General services 
Support programme for 
reduction of 
environmental burden due 
to dairy farming To pay dairy farmers who practice appropriate 
management to tackle environmental 
problems. 
G/AG/N/MAR/32  Morocco 
(2002) 
Green Box 
measure   Other services  To develop a pilot project for the recycling of 
waste water, envir onmental management 
programme. 
G/AG/N/MKD/4 
 Former 
Yugoslav 
Republic of General Services 
 
 To provide veterinary se rvices (e.g. periodical  
inspection, vaccination, etc.) to prevent and 
control the spread of animal diseases  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 65 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
 Macedonia 
(2003) 
Green Box 
measure   Animal Health Protection 
Program (paragraph 2(b));  to maintain contamination-
free (e.g. biological and chemical 
contaminates) land and animal feed (paragraph 
2(b)). 
General Services 
Research 
 To research and promote sustainable forestry 
and facilitate the access to forestry 
information. 
Training and advisory 
service  
 To support rural deve lopment initiative 
through the promotion of production 
techniques aimed at boosting productivity and 
reducing costs and climat ic and environmental 
vulnerability.   
To support rural deve lopment initiative 
through the participatory formulation of a 
methodology for the analysis, diagnosis and 
design of rural development policies.  To 
promote production techniques aimed at boosting productivity and reducing costs and 
climatic and environmen tal vulnerability.    
To plan master training for the establishment 
and management of fo rest nurseries and 
plantations, agroforestry systems, soil 
conservation, garden plots, environmental 
education and native woodland management.
  G/AG/N/NIC/18 
 Nicaragua 
(2003-2004) 
Green Box 
measure   
 
Other services To support green m unicipalities with regard to 
the transformation and diversification of 
sustainable production and environmental 
education 
To support programmes aimed at resolving the 
problems posed by environmental degradation 
and promoting rehabilitation in order to 
increase the productivity of natural resources.  
General services 
 
Enforcement of 
Agricultural and Food 
Legislation 
 To enforce the law through investigations and 
subsequent prosecutions where illegal activity 
is evident. The scope includes the legal 
requirements of Agricultural Compounds and 
Veterinary Medicines Ac t, Food Act, Forests 
Act, Animal Products Act, Hazardous 
Substances and New Organisms Act, and 
Plants Act. 
 G/AG/N/NZL/41 
 New Zealand 
(2002-2003) 
Green Box 
measure   
 
Border Inspection and 
Quarantine Services 
 To develop and accredit to border inspection, 
transitional facility and containment standards. 
Control of quarantine risks at the border and 
management of post-entry quarantine in 
accordance with the provisions of the 
Biosecurity Act 1993. 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 66  
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
Disease and Pest 
Surveillance Services and 
Emergency Response 
Services 
 To implement health surveillance of domestic 
animal and plant populations, international 
reporting of the domestic animal and plant 
health status, and de tection of emergent 
unwanted organisms;  to maintenance a 
capability to diagnose and respond to 
detections of unrecorded, unwanted organisms 
that pose a threat to animal, plant or forest 
populations, and the purchase of services in 
relation to an actual response. 
Administration of 
Biosecurity and Pest 
Management Strategies 
 To develop import health standards and 
domestic standards to facilitate the effective 
management or eradi cation of pests and 
diseases;  to ensure that industry and service 
providers are complying with relevant MAF 
Biosecurity standards. 
Control of Tuberculosis Vectors 
 To control populations of wild animals, 
particularly possums, in locations where 
infected members of the wild population 
transmit tuberculosis to cattle and deer. 
Control measures are undertaken on farms and 
adjacent Crown land. 
Sustainable Farming Fund 
 To support community driven programmes 
aimed at improving the financial and 
environmental performance of the land based 
sectors.  
East Coast Afforestation 
Grants 
 To provide funding to agricultural producers 
and others to plant trees, primarily as a means 
of erosion control.   
Regional Council soil 
conservation To be part of a national policy for sustainable 
management under the Resource Management 
Act and the Soil Conservation and Rivers 
Control Act.   
General services 
Information services and 
training services 
Subsistence farming and 
sustainable agriculture 
programmes, including 
crop promotion, use of 
accessible technology and 
protection of the 
environment  To implement aid and training programmes for 
subsistence farmers in remote areas, including 
programmes for sustainability of productive 
resources. 
 G/AG/N/PAN/11 
 Panama 
(1997-2002) 
Green Box 
measure   
 
Extension and advisory 
services – transfer Seed 
production and distribution 
programme:  Agricultural 
Research Institute (IDIAP) To help farmers obtain improved plant and 
animal varieties and find more effective ways of 
cultivating land or grazing cattle; to test the 
effects of pesticides and other means used in 
agriculture to protect human health.   WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 67 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure Or Programme Objective 
  Inspection services – 
health, safety, 
standardization, etc.;  
Plant health programmes 
 To step up training services for technical 
personnel and producers regarding standards, 
supervision, registration and control of 
pesticides and other agrochemicals.  
To improve basic services for phytosanitary 
analysis and diagnosis.  
To reduce economic losses and damage to 
ecological and human health caused by plant 
protection.  
To contribute to securing approval for domestic 
and international standards, protocols and 
regulations.   
G/AG/N/SVK/45 Slovak Republic 
(2003) 
Green Box 
measure   Environmental 
programmes To implement ecological procedures. 
To conserve genetic resources. 
 
G/AG/N/THA/51 
 Thailand 
(2001-2001) 
Green Box 
measure   General services 
 
Environmental Promotion 
Programmes 
 To encourage producers to use soil and water 
resources appropriately in  order to prevent soil 
and water problems which may affect the 
environment, promoting the easy-to-do 
techniques to solve the problems of soil and 
water deterioration and encouraging the use of 
non-chemical substances in farming. 
G/AG/N/TUN/32 
 Tunisia 
(2002) 
Green Box 
measure   General services 
 
Environmental 
conservation To implement land and afforestation works. 
G/AG/N/TUN/36 
 Tunisia 
(2003-2004) 
Green Box 
measure  General services To conserve environment through land and 
afforestation works. 
General Services 
Resource conservation 
and environmental 
management To promote sustainable utilization of natural 
agricultural resources, viz, soil, water 
resources and vegetation and protect the 
environment. 
Auxiliary and associated 
services To render auxiliary services associated with 
contribution to soil c onservation activities. 
Agricultural Engineering 
Services To promote the sustainable utilisation of 
natural agricultural resources. G/AG/N/ZAF/54 
 South Africa 
(2003) 
Green Box 
measure 
 
Environmental 
programmes 
 Soil conservation works To finance the essent ial soil conservation 
works to improve and protect the soil. 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 68  
 
  E. A
GREEMENT ON ANTI -DUMPING  
19. In 2005, out of the 120 notifications subm itted by Members under the Agreement on 
Implementation of Article VI of the GATT 1994 on Anti-dumping, none was environment-related.   
F. AGREEMENT ON IMPORT LICENSING PROCEDURES (ILP) 
20. In 2005, out of the 39 notifi cations submitted by Members unde r the ILP Agreement, 15 (38.5 
per cent) were environment-related.26  
21. The notified measures consisted of, among others , bans and prohibitions, permits, automatic 
and non-automatic import licenses, import quotas, e xport licenses and control of movement on wild 
animals, plants, fish, ozone depleting substances, wastes, hazardous waste and chemicals.  They aim 
at protecting the environmen t and preserving biodiversity.27  A significant number of these measures 
are for the compliance with inte rnational obligations under multilate ral environmental agreements 
(MEAs), such as the CITES on endangered species, Mont real Protocol on ozone-depleting substances 
and Basel Convention on hazardous and toxic waste. 
                                                      
26 See Chart 13. 
27 See Table 7.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 69 
 
 
  Chart 13: Environment-related ILP Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
 
1520
1017
71316
1215
0510152025
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
Table 7: Environment-related Import Licen sing Procedures (ILP) Notifications (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure or Product Objective 
G/LIC/N/1/BRA/2 
G/LIC/N/2/BRA/2 
G/LIC/N/3/BRA/4 
 Brazil Non-automatic licensing requirements on 
certain products which may cause 
damage to human, plant or animal health 
and the environment To protect the environment 
and comply with 
international agreements, 
such as the Basel Convention and the 
Montreal Protocol. 
G/LIC/N/1/BRA/2/Rev.1 
G/LIC/N/2/BRA/2/Rev.1 
G/LIC/N/3/BRA/4/
Rev.1 
 Brazil Non-automatic licensing requirements on 
certain products which may cause 
damage to human, plant or animal health and the  environment 
 
 To protect the environment 
and comply with 
international agreements, such as the Basel 
Convention and the 
Montreal Protocol. 
G/LIC/N/3/CHN/4 
 China, The 
People's 
Republic of Import license for ozone depleting 
materials To comply with 
obligations under 
international Conventions.  
G/LIC/N/3/COL/3 Colombia Ozone layer protection control certificate To pr otect the ozone layer. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 70  
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Objective 
G/LIC/N/3/HRV/3 
 Croatia Import license regime, including importing 
licensing requirements on substances 
affecting the ozone layer  To protect the  
environment and to 
comply with international 
agreements. 
Import licences and certificates for ozone-depleting substances    To protect the 
environment.   
Import licensing system for endangered 
species of animals and plants  To protect endangered 
species and prevent them 
from over-exploitation in accordance with CITES. 
Import restriction on methyl bromide (an 
ozone-depleting substance);  import bans 
on methyl bromide from non-parties to the Montreal Protocol To comply with Montreal 
Protocol.   G/LIC/N/3/HKG/9 
 
 
  
 Hong Kong 
Import permits for wastes;  
Import bans on hazardous waste from 
developed economies including 
Liechtenstein and member states of the 
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the 
European Communities (EC)  To ensure prior consents 
among export, import and 
transit authorities before 
commencement of waste 
shipment;  to facilitate the continuation of legitimate 
waste trade and to stop any 
illegal shipment;  to fulfil international obligations 
under the Basel 
Convention;  and to ensure environmentally sound 
management of waste.  
G/LIC/N/3/IND/7 
 India Import licensing system  On grounds of safety, 
security and the environment. 
Import approval for bluefin tuna and big 
eye tuna  To observe the resolution 
of  the ICCAT. 
Import license on medicines, chemical 
products and vaccines against foot and mouth disease   To protect the life and 
health of animals and plants. 
Import quota on animals and plants 
included in Appendix I of the CITES   To comply with the 
CITES. 
Import quota and approval for controlled 
substances listed under the Montreal 
Protocol on Substances that Deplete the 
Ozone Layer To comply with the 
Montreal Protocol. G/LIC/N/3/JPN/4 
 
  
 
 Japan  
Import approval for certain hazardous 
wastes   To comply with the Basel 
Convention.  
G/LIC/N/3/KOR/4 
 Korea Import-related requirements    To protect animal or plant 
life or health and the 
environment, etc.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 71 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Product Objective 
Import licence for live animals, meat, 
animal products, vegetables, live plants 
and mushroom spawn   To protect animal health 
and prevent the 
introduction into and 
spread within territory of destructive plant diseases 
and pests.  
Import licence and quantitative 
restriction for ozone-depleting substances; import prohibition from non-
parties to the Montreal Protocol   To comply with the 
Montreal Protocol. G/LIC/N/3/MAC/8 
 Macao, 
China 
Import licence, export licence and 
certificates of origin for endangered species 
 To comply with CITES 
and to ensure that international trade in 
specimens of wild animals 
and plants does not threaten their survival.  
Import licence for live animals, meat, animal products, vegetables, live plants and mushroom spawn   To protect animal health 
and prevent the introduction into and 
spread within territory of 
destructive plant diseases and pests.  
Import licence and quantitative 
restriction for the import of ozone-
depleting substances; import prohibition from non-parties to the Montreal 
Protocol   To comply with the 
Montreal Protocol. G/LIC/N/3/MAC/7 
 Macao, 
China 
Import licence, export licence and 
certificates of origin for endangered species 
 To preserve animal and 
plant health, animal life, as well as to prevent 
exploitation of endangered 
wildlife in accordance with the CITES. 
G/LIC/N/3/MDG/2 
 Madagascar 
 Regulations and prior or special 
authorization for certain imports 
(including ozone depleting substances)   To protect the 
environment.  
G/LIC/N/1/MAR/1
/Add.2 G/LIC/N/3/MAR/4 Morocco Import licensing requirements for 
substances that deplete the ozone layer  To comply with the 
Montreal Protocol. 
G/LIC/N/1/ROU/3 Romania Import regime on dangerous products 
and wastes  To protect the 
environment.  
G/LIC/N/2/ROU/4 
  
 Romania Licensing proced ures for non-dangerous 
wastes, fertilizers and products dangerous for the environment  To protect the 
environment.  
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 72  
 
  G. A
GREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS  
22. In 2005, out of the 47 notifications submitted by Members under the Agreement on 
Safeguards, one (2.1 per cen t) was environment related.28,  29 
Chart 14:  Environment-related Sa feguards Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
 
01111112
1
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
 
Table 8: Environment-related Safeguards Notifications (2005)  
Symbol Member Measure  Or Product Objective 
G/SG/N/8/IND/14 
 India  Initiation of sa feguard proceedings 
against imports of starch   
 One of the views of 
domestic producers:  the 
impact of low priced imports has adversely 
affected their capacity 
utilization and many small 
units have closed down 
due to lack of market for their products.  The area 
under cultivation has 
declined which has become barren causing 
environmental problems 
and resulted in large unemployment. 
                                                      
28 See Chart 14. 
29 See Table 8.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 73 
 
 
  H. AGREEMENT ON CUSTOMS VALUATION  
23. In 2005, out of the 12 notifications submitte d under the Customs Valuation Agreement, one 
(8.3 per cent) was related to the environment.30, 31 
Chart 15:  Environment-related Custom s Valuation Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
 
0113
11
001
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
 
                                                      
 30See Chart 15. 
 31See Table 9. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 74  
 
  Table 9: Environment-related Cust oms Valuation Notifications (2005)
 
 
Symbol Member Measure  Or Product Objective 
System of minimum values on used 
motor vehicles  To reduce health hazards 
and environmental 
pollution caused by unregulated imports of 
used motor vehicles.  G/VAL/N/4/LKA/3 Sri Lanka 
Domestic Regulation on Motor vehicles 
produced in or imported into Sri Lanka 
(This Law is mainly applicable to used motor vehicles). 
 To set out the standards for 
air emissions by motor 
vehicles produced in Sri Lanka or imported in to Sri 
Lanka. 
 
 
I. AGREEMENT ON STATE TRADING  
24. In 2005, out of the 6 notifications submitted under the Agreement on State Trading, one (16.6 
per cent) was related to the environment.32, 33 
Chart 16:  Environment-related State Trading Notifications (1997 – 2005)  
01
00123
01
00.511.522.533.5
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
 
                                                      
32 See Chart 16. 
33 See Table 10.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 75 
 
 
   
Table 10: Environment-related State Trading Notifications (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure  Or Product Objective 
The Isotope Production and Distribution 
Programme within the Department of Energy One of the mission of the 
programme is to assure that critical isotope 
production infrastructure is 
operated in a safe, secure, environmentally compliant 
and cost-effective manner.  G/STR/N/10/USA United 
States 
The Bonneville Power Administration 
and Western Area Power Administration within the Department of Energy 
The Power Marketing Administrations 
(PMAs) market wholesale electricity generated at hydroelectric dams owned 
and managed by the United States Army 
Corps of Engineers (Corps) and the United States Bureau of Reclamation 
(Reclamation) The Corps and the 
Reclamation operate projects to provide or 
manage water for such 
purposes as irrigation, flood control, navigation, 
recreation, water supply, 
and environmental enhancement. 
The Bonneville is 
obligated to encourage conservation, develop 
renewable energy 
resources and to protect, mitigate and enhance the 
fish and wildlife of the 
Columbia River and its 
tributaries. 
 
J. REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS (RTA S) INCLUDING THE UNDERSTANDING ON THE 
INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLE XXIV OF THE GATT 1994 
25. In 2005, out of 23 notificati ons submitted under the RTAs Agreem ent, none was related to the 
environment.  
K. AGREEMENT ON TRADE RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (TRIPS) 
26. In 2005, out of the 40 notifications subm itted by Members under Article 63.2, two  
(5 per cent) contained envi ronment-related provisions.34   
27. These measures related to general provision re gulations and exemption of protection by 
patents.35 
                                                      
34 See Chart 17. 
35 See Table 11. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 76  
 
  Chart 17:  Environment Related TRIPS Notifications (1997 – 2005)
 
 
0135516
57
2
024681012141618
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
 
Table 11:  Environment-related TRIPS Notifications (2005 ) 
Symbol Member Measure or Product Objective 
IP/N/1/JPN/P/5 
 
  Japan  The Seeds and Seedlings Law - a system relating to 
the registration of plant varieties for the protection 
of new plant varieties and regulations relating to the labelling of designated seeds and seedlings - 
provides that where there are specific provisions 
relating to the protection of new plant varieties in any convention, such provisions shall prevail.  
  
IP/N/1/PNG/I/1 
 
 
 Papua New 
Guinea Under the main dedicated intellectual property laws 
and regulations, an invention is not patentable, if 
the commercial exploitation of which would 
seriously prejudice the environment.    
 
L. THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) 
28. In 2005, among the 54 notifications made under Ar ticle III, paragraph 3, of the General 
Agreement on Trade in Services, one (1.8  per cent) related to the environment.36, 37  
                                                      
36  See Chart 18 . 
37 See Table 12.  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 77 
 
 
   
Chart 18:  Environment-relate d GATS Notifications (1997-2005)  
01
0007
04
1
012345678
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
Table 12:  Environment-rela ted GATS Notifications (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure or Programme Objective 
S/C/N/357 
 Albania  Law No. 8405 on urban 
planning  To protect the 
environment.  
 
M. QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS  
29. In 2005, there was one notification submitte d pursuant to the decision on Notification 
Procedures for Quantitative Restrictions wh ich contained environment-related issues.38, 39 
 
 
 
   
                                                     
 
38 See Chart 19. 
39 See Table 13. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 78  
 
   
  
Chart 19:  Environment-related Quantitative Restrictions Notifications (1997 – 2005)
 
03
25
24
27
1
012345678
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
Table 13: Environment -related Quantitativ e Restrictions notifications (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure or Programme Objective 
Restrictions on new and 
used  motor cars and 
other motor vehicles, tractors, motorcycles, 
and parts and accessories 
thereof To protect the 
environment.  
  Macao, China 
Restrictions on Ozone 
Depleting Substances To fulfil obligations 
under the Montreal 
Protocol on Substances 
that Deplete the Ozone Layer. 
 
N. AGREEMENT ON TRADE -RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES (TRIMS) 
30. In 2005, there were no environment-relate d notifications submitted under the TRIMS 
Agreement. 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  O. UNDERSTANDING ON THE BALANCE -OF-PAYMENTS PROVISIONS OF THE GATT 1994 
31. In 2005, there were no envi ronment-related notifications  submitted pursuant to the 
Understanding on the Balance-of-Payments Provisions. 
P. AGREEMENT ON TEXTILES AND CLOTHING  
32. In 2005, there were no environment-related no tifications submitted under the Agreement on 
Textiles and Clothing. 
Q. AGREEMENT ON PRE-SHIPMENT INSPECTION  
33. In 2005, there were no environment-related no tifications submitted under the Agreement on 
Pre-shipment Inspection. 
R. AGREEMENT ON RULES OF ORIGIN  
34. In 2005, there were no environment-related no tifications submitted under the Agreement on 
Rules of Origin.  
S. PLURILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS :  AGREEMENT ON GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT  
35. In 2005, out of the 11 notifications submitted under the Agreement on Government 
Procurement, five (45.4%) were environment-related.40  These notifications relate to public 
procurement statistics covering environmental ser vices and legislation prom oting procurement of 
environmentally friendly goods and services. 41 
                                                      
40 See Chart 20. 
41 See Table 14 . WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 80  
 
  Chart 20:  Environment-related Governme nt Procurement Notifications (1997-2005)
 
2
00029
015
012345678910
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
 
Table 14: Environment-related Governme nt Procurement Notifications (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure or Programme Objective 
GPA/76/Add.4 
 Norway  Statistical report for 2002 
on public procurement, including  information on 
environmental services   
GPA/80/Add.2 
 Norway  Statistical report for 2003 
on public procurement, including  information on 
environmental services  
GPA/70/Add.3 
 Japan  Statistical report for 2001 
on public procurement, including  information on 
building-cleaning 
services and environmental-protection 
services   
GPA/76/Add.3  Japan  Statistical report for 2002 
on public procurement, 
including  information on 
building-cleaning 
services and environmental-protection 
services    WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 81 
 
 
  Symbol Member Measure or Programme Objective 
GPA/37/Add.2 
 Japan Revision of the Basic 
Policy for the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-
Friendly Goods and 
Services with designated 
procurement items such 
as recycled paper,  stationery and furniture of 
recycled material, water 
heaters and vehicles of energy and fuel 
efficiency, fluorescent 
lighting equipments, solar power generation and 
heating systems, 
composting equipments, low emission machines, 
recycling treatment and 
energy conservation diagnosis services.    
 
T. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY  
36. In 2005, there were no environment-related notifications submitted under the Ministerial  
Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products. 
U. OTHER NOTIFICATION PROVISIONS  
37. In 2005, out of the three notifications made to the Committee on Trade and Development, one 
(33.3%) was environment-related.42 
Table 15: Environment-related notifications to  the Committee on Trade and Development (2005)  
 
Symbol Member Measure or Programme Objective 
WT/COMTD/N/21 
 Ghana on behalf of the 
Economic Community of West African States 
(ECOWAS) 
Member States   ECOWAS Revised 
Treaty  The Scope of the 
Agreement includes the harmonization and 
coordination of policies 
for the protection of the 
environment. 
 
 
                                                      
42 See Table 15. WT/CTE/EDB/5 
Page 82  
 
  II. TRADE POLICY REVIEWS 
38. Sixteen Trade Policy Reviews (TPRs) were carri ed out in 2005. References have been made 
to the environment-related measures and provision or programmes contained in the Secretariat and 
Government reports for TPRs.  Environment-rela ted references pertain mainly to import/export 
restrictions, some pursuant to multilateral e nvironmental agreements  (MEAs), and national 
environmental and resource conservation pr ogrammes.  The information is summarized
43 under the 
following three headings:  trade policy framework;  trade policies and practices by measure;  and 
trade policies by selected sector.44  
A. BOLIVIA   
Trade policy framework  
 • Preferential trade agreem ent with Chile containing provisions on the 
environment.  (S-II§54) 
• Plan to utilize renewable natural resources. (G-II§23) 
• Participant in Amazon Cooperation Treaty to promote environmental 
conservation and sustainable development. (G-III§80) 
• Compliance with Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety required. Committee set 
up to provide advice and technical support for biosafety activities. (S-
III§104) 
• Convention on Biological Diversity implemented. (S-III§104) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions 
and restrictions and 
import licensing  • Prohibition on importing goods harmful to the environment, human and 
animal health and life and cons ervation of plants. (S-III§59) 
• Prior authorization required for import of goods on grounds of environmental 
protection. (S-III§63) 
Export prohibitions 
and restrictions and 
export licensing  • Export of plant and animal species threatened with extinction requires 
CITES certificate from the gov ernment. (S-III§114, 120) 
• Export of products banned on grounds of conservation of fauna and flora (S-
III§119) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements 
 • Objective of standards is to protect environment, human, plant and animal 
health. (S-III§74) 
• Support for laboratories to improve capacity for technical environmental 
standards. (S-III§82) 
Incentives  • Incentives granted for forestry, reafforestation, agro-ecological production 
and enhancement of eco-efficient production. (S-III§178) 
• Tax incentives for companies submitting investment plans containing 
environmental impact a ssessments. (S-III§184) 
                                                      
43 On each point, reference is made to the paragraph number "§" of the original TPR document, with 
the Secretariat report indicted with "S" an d the Government report with "G".    
44 Generally, "Trade Policy Framework" includes government policies, plans, programmes, 
environmental and investment policies, as well as inform ation related to WTO agreem ents.  "Trade Policies and 
Practices by Measures" include quantitative restrictions (s uch as bans and prohibitions, quotas, controls, licenses 
and permits);  technical requirements (such as notifications, registrations, custom procedures, labelling requirements, standards and technical regulations);  taxes, levies and subsidies;  as well as others measures 
affecting production and trade (such as  research or government support).  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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Sector Policy    
Agriculture 
 • Experimental production of soyabeans using genetically modified seeds 
began. (S-IV§16) 
• Policies and programmes for promotion of sustainable practices. (S-IV§19) 
Forestry  • Voluntary certification for sustainable forest management is provided for. (S-
IV§35) 
• Scheme for the Regulations of Renewable Natural Resources implemented in 
2002 in the forestry sector, but no environmental development law was 
established;  although progress had been made in the regulatory framework, unsustainable practices were not adequately prevented. (S-IV§36) 
Mining  • Environmental impact assessments conducted. (S-IV§44) 
• Environmental permit is required for prospecting and exploration, 
operations, processing, smelting and refining. (S-IV§46) 
Energy  • Licences for generation using renewable natural resources are exempt from 
payment of royalties. (S-IV§93) 
• Finance and loans provided  to projects that enhan ce access to electricity in 
rural areas through renewable sources of energy. (S-IV§98) 
Services • Restrictive measures on envir onmental services. (S-IV§104) 
• Policy to protect environment with re spect to land transport services. (S-
IV§179) 
 
B. ECUADOR   
Trade policy framework  
 • The State has exclusive rights under the Constitution with respect to the use 
of non-renewable natural resources and biodiversity. (S-II§24) 
• Agreed to negotiate on environmental issues with respect to a free-trade 
agreement with the US, Colombia and Peru. (S-II§60) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
restrictions and 
licensing • Import prohibitions on certain goods on grounds of environment. (S-III§58) 
• License required for imports entering un der a special customs regime in case 
of hazardous wastes. (S-III§63) 
• Ecuador is working on a legislation to govern biotechnology security; 
imports not checked for GMO`s till early 2005. (S-III§106) 
Export authorization, 
prohibitions, licensing 
and other restrictions  • Prior authorization is required for ex port of wild flora and fauna and their 
products. (S-III§119) 
• Export restrictions to certain products pursuant to CITES, Basel Convention 
and the Montreal Protocol. (S-III§126). 
• Exportation of round wood and semi-finished forest products prohibited 
except under certain specified conditions. (S-III§127) 
Subsidies, tax concessions and other 
incentives • A programme offering concessions on duties and other taxes may be 
terminated if certain operations gene rate substances that pollute or are 
harmful to the environment. (S-III§138) 
• Programme funded by the Inter-American Development Bank granted loans 
for technological innovation and m odernisation in the area of the 
environment and natural resources. (S-III§182) 
Intellectual property 
rights • With respect to patents, there are selected exclusions and limitations on 
inventions whose commercial exploitation needs to be prevented in order to protect the environment. (S-III§206) 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  Sector Policy    
Agriculture  • Basic goal of agricultural policy is to refocus the sector towards a sustainable 
development model. (S-IV§5) 
Fisheries  • Fisheries policy is intended to promote sustainable management of fishery 
resources and correspondin g ecosystems. (S-IV§31) 
Mining and energy  • Mining sector is governed by a number of environmental regulations. (S-
IV§42) 
• In the electricity sector, permits may be refused if enterprise fails to comply 
with environmental protection laws. (S-IV§79) 
 
C. EGYPT   
Trade policy framework  
 • Egyptian government has invested in a program that harmonizes national 
standards with international norms and separated essential requirements to 
those related to environment from other requirements. (G-II§24) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
restrictions and 
licensing • Import prohibitions on certain items li ke hazardous chemicals, etc. for 
environment reasons. 
• Import of products containing/using ozone depleting substances prohibited 
under Montreal Protocol. (S-III§41) 
Incentives  • Publicly funded R&D is geared towards environmental technologies. (S-
III§105) 
Intellectual property rights • No patent can be delivered to innovations causing severe damage to the 
environment. (S-III§129) 
 
D. ISRAEL   
Trade policy framework  
 • Israel's trade policy objec tives include continued integration of the economy 
into the global trading system through the use of policy instruments 
including those relating to the environment. (G-VII§57) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions  • Import prohibitions on grounds of environment, e.g. with respect to the Basel 
Convention, Montreal Protocol and CITES. (S-III§27, 28) 
Standards and other technical requirements • Standards in the area of environmental protection. (S-III§40) 
• No labelling requirements for GMOs. (S-III§53) 
• ISO Certification offered for environmental management systems; 
certification and labelling for environment-friendly programmes. (S-III§43, 
54) 
• Tariff lines for chemical items including hazardous su bstances are subject to 
mandatory standards. (S-IV§47) 
Sector Policy    
Energy • Solar energy significant for lo cal energy source. (S-IV§30) 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  E. JAMAICA   
Trade policy framework  
 • Depending on the planned activity, a company may be required to obtain an 
environmental impact assessment carried out by an authority. (S-II§30) 
• Technical cooperation has been inst rumental in the implementation of 
sustainable development programmes and protection of the environment. (S-II§84) 
• Instructions for drafting biosafety bill pending approval of cabinet (will 
enable accession to Convention on Biological Diversity) and implementation of Convention's Biosafety Protocol regarding GMOs. (S-III§97) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import and export 
prohibitions,  
restrictions and 
licensing  • Import licenses required for products having potential impact on 
environment. (S-III§7, 60) 
• Import prohibitions are applied for e nvironmental considerations, articles 
prohibited include those covered by the Basel Convention, Montreal Protocol 
and CITES. (S-III§56) 
• Quantitative restrictions on CFC to satisfy obligations under Montreal 
Protocol; quota to end in 2006 by when CFC consumption to be phased out. 
(S-III§57) 
• Export of some animal is prohibite d; export licenses are required for 
environmental considerations, including those covered under CITES. (S-
III§102, 103) 
Standards and 
technical requirements • Technical regulations notified to the WTO primarily relate to the 
environment, and produc ts covered include envi ronmentally hazardous 
products. (S-III§85) 
Government procurement • Procuring agencies are mandated to co mply with environment preservation 
and protection legislations and to evaluate the "environmentally friendliness" 
of their programmes. (S-III§166) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture  • The Convention on the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on 
Agriculture helps promote better use and management of natural resources and the environm ent. (S-IV§21) 
• Agricultural projects include objectives to promote sustainable development 
and measures on environmental conservation. (S-IV§35, 37) 
Mining and energy • A research institute makes recommendations regarding pollution controls 
and other environmental programmes. (S-IV§50) 
• To undertake mining activities, an applicant must hold an environmental 
permit. (S-IV§52) 
• Issues of renewable energy been given serious attention by government; first 
commercial wind farm commissioned in 2004. (S-IV§74) 
Services • Main tourism policies promote the linkages between tourism and 
environmental management. (S-IV§166) 
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  F. MALAYSIA
  
Trade policy framework  
 • Mining, forestry and marine management matters were transferred to the 
Ministry of Natural Resources  and Environment. (S-II§10) 
• Drafting of guidelines by an agency established by the Malaysian 
government to cover safety issues in environment pertaining to the release of GMOs and products containing GMOs. (S-III§85) 
 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Tariffs  • Exemption of items from ASEAN CEPT Scheme on grounds of protection of 
human, animal and plant lif e and health. (S-III§34). 
 
Prohibitions, quantitative 
restrictions, and import 
licensing   • Import prohibitions and licence requirements on grounds of environmental 
reasons. (S-III§3, 36) 
 
Export prohibitions, 
restrictions and charges  • Restrictions on exporting certain items on grounds of wildlife protection. (S-
III§57). 
• Export duties levied on wild animals and birds; their export is discouraged. 
(S-III§53)  
Standards and other technical requirements • Increased alignment with international standards in the field of 
environmental management. (S-III§73) 
• Endorsement by the government for the wider adoption of mandatory 
standards to protect the environment. (S-III§74). 
• Maintenance and implementation of internationally recognised SPS measures 
aimed at protection of plant and animal health and conservation. (S-III§79, 
80, 82) 
Incentives • Direct and indirect tax incentives apply to investments in environmental 
protection activities (S-III§7, 92). 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture • Emphasis on adopting biotechnology in agricultural methods. (S-IV§20).  
Forestry  • Development of management policy with respect to logging practices aimed 
at maximising environmental benefits.  Development of certification scheme 
to ensure that timber products are fr om legal and sustainable resources; ban 
on importing illegal tropical logs, including endangered species from Indonesia in 2004. (S-IV§19) 
• Restrictions on log exports were imposed to encourage downstream 
processing to preserve Malaysian rainforests. (S-IV§16) 
Manufacturing  • Customs duty exemption on machinery can be considered for environmental 
purposes. (S-IV§34) 
Services • Several incentives, e.g. income tax, sales tax and import duty exemption, for 
foreign companies to establish environment management services. (S-IV§70) 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  G. MONGOLIA   
Trade policy framework  
 • Laws on licensing regulating business activities that might negatively affect 
the environment. (S-II§17) 
• Agreement between Mongolia and EEC identifies environmental protection 
as a sector of cooperation.  (S-II§28) 
• Since its accession, the government has undertaken measures to refine the 
Environmental Protection Law in line with WTO requirements. (G-III§45) 
• The government intends to provide the necessary support to the production 
of ecologically clean products. (G-IV§62) 
• In agricultural negotiations, Mongolia has in the past and will maintain and 
support issues related to the environment.  (G-V§101) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions,  
procedures and charges • Chemical substances included in the Montreal Protocol, body parts of rare 
animals, natural plants, etc.  are restricted. (S-III§37) 
• Accelerated procedures applicable for certain hazardous goods, toxic 
chemicals and animals. (S-III§11) 
• Excise tax levied on goods considered to be damaging to the environment. 
(S-III§32) 
Sector policy    
Agriculture and related 
activities 
 • Food and agriculture policy adopted in 2003 aims to produce ecologically 
clean and safe foodstuffs till 2015. (G-IV§61) 
Forestry  • Forest policy emphasises conserva tion and protection; commercial 
harvesting restricted to certain zones;   but forests being depleted due to 
illegal logging, etc.; government provide s limited resources for reforestation 
programmes. (S-IV§4, 24, 26) 
• With respect to commercial logging, annual allowable cut based on the 
ecological assessment of the timber and firewood, but exceeds sustainable 
levels. (S-IV§25) 
Energy • Law on conservation and energy due to be enacted in 2004 which will 
establish a fund for fuel conservation and efficiency and a credit facility to 
help businesses invest in energy efficient facilities. (S-IV§41) 
• Government is planning to implement programmes on the use of optional 
sources of energy like so lar and wind. (G-IV§71) 
Mining  • In the future, attention is to be paid to environmental rehabilitation of mining 
areas. (G-IV§57) 
Services  • Government encourages environmentally friendly tourism policy. (G-IV§96) 
• Foreign and domestic tourism operators require permission to enter national 
protected areas in order to safeguard the environment. (S-IV§96) 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  H. NIGERIA 
Trade policy framework  
 • Nigeria faces the daunting task of ensu ring environmental sustainability. (S-
I§4) 
• Uncertainty of preferences under non-reciprocal pr eferential trade 
arrangements increased due to the inclusion of environmental concerns as conditions for accessing preferences. (S-II§38) 
• The primary objectives of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) are 
to foster sustainable development. (S-II§41) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
quantitative restrictions and licensing • Import prohibitions legislations on endangered species. (S-II§10) 
• Import of textiles containing hazardou s chemicals is banned. (S-III§27) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements  • Several standards and technical requirements established for the protection of 
the environment. (S-III§54, 56) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture  
 • Soil degradation resulting in underperformance of agriculture. (S-IV§18) 
• Current economic programme promotes environmentally friendly farming 
practices and sound environmental rehabilitation and management. (S-
IV§20) 
Fisheries • Fisheries sector facing challenge of environmental degradation. (S-IV§36) 
• Programme to support environmental shrimp fisheries project (S-IV§35) 
Forestry • Policy in forestry sector is to prevent further deforestation and recreate forest 
cover on forested fragile land, and for the protection of the environment and 
wildlife conservation, etc. (S-IV§39) 
Mining and energy • Challenges before the oil sector include local unrest due to environmental 
degradation. (S-IV§49) 
• Flared gas production led to significant environmental pollution in 2003. (S-
IV§59) 
• Development of reform strategy in gas sector aimed at improving 
responsiveness to environmental issues. (S-IV§60) 
• Some mining operations result in environmental degrading practices. (S-
IV§63)  
• Shift to environmentally friendly sources of power generation constrained 
higher performance in the mineral sector in 2003. (G-II§24)  
Services • National transport sector policy aims to structure the infrastructure to ensure 
environmental sustainability. (S-IV§100) 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  I. PARAGUAY   
Trade policy framework  
 • Main political parties have backed economic reform proposals aimed at 
sustainable development. (G-I§4) 
• Function of Development Council is to foster sustainable development. (S-
II§16) 
• Coordination being stepped up in issues relating to the environment under a 
diversified MERCOSUR programme. (S-II§67) 
• At the bilateral level, a technical cooperation programme aims at establishing 
a frame of reference for inter-institutiona l technical cooperation in areas such 
as biosafety. (S-III§121) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
restrictions and 
licensing  • Prior authorization required for product s subject to environmental controls; 
licensing requirements and new import prohibitions on grounds of 
environmental protection. (S-III§74, 75, 76) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements  
 • Import of GMOs not prohibited but Commission set up to ensure compliance 
with safety standards with respect to th eir use, release into the environment. 
(S-III§120) 
• Certificate required for goods containing substances that could harm the 
environment. (S-III§18) 
Export taxes, charges and levies • Resources generated by export taxes on soyabeans are earmarked for 
financing of environmental projects. (S-III§130) 
Export prohibitions, restrictions and 
licensing 
 • Prohibition of export of four species of tropical sawn wood in 1991, 
extended to cover exports of all unprocessed and semi-processed woods of 
any species in 1994. (S-III§133) 
• Law prohibits hunting, commercial exploitation and export of wild animals 
in order to protect biodiversity. (S-III§134) 
• Prior authorizations required to satis fy requirements of MEAs ratified by 
Paraguay such as CITES and Basel Convention. (S-III§136) 
Intellectual property rights • Non-patentable inventions include invention which commercial exploitation 
must be prevented in order to protect the environment. (S-III§219) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture 
 • Various factors such as agriculture , population pressure, etc. have 
contributed to significant lo ss of forests. (S-IV§12) 
• Research activities included those on soil management and rehabilitation (S-
IV§30, 49) 
Forestry  • With respect to forestry products, the fo rest guides (i.e. certifications), which 
guarantee compliance with environmental standards, are required for home 
market sales and export. (S-III§136) 
• Export of all unprocessed wood species was banned in 1994.  Nevertheless 
illegal felling and illegal export continued; data shows increasing 
deforestation. (S-IV§69) 
• The forestry policy came into effect in 1975;  the National Forest Service is 
responsible for managing forest and soil use;  Incentives such as exemption 
from taxes, subsidies are provided for investment in forestation and reforestation. (S-IV§71, 72) 
Energy • One of the objectives of the policy on mixing ethanol and petrol is to 
implement measures that help to protect the environment. (S-IV§99) 
 WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  J. QATAR
  
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
restrictions and licensing • Import prohibitions on grounds of environment. (S-III§27) 
Sector Policy    
Fisheries   • Shrimp fishing is prohibited on environmental grounds. (S-IV§9) 
Mining and energy • Main policy goals of mining and quarrying include the protection of the 
environment through increased consumption of natural gas. (S-IV§25) 
Services • Under GATS, Qatar scheduled commitments in environmental services. (S-
IV§67) 
 
K. REPUBLIC  OF GUINEA 
Trade policy framework  
 • Intervention in areas for the protection of the environment and promotion of 
rational and sustainable use of natural resources. (S-IV§20, 21, 25) 
Trade policies and practices by measure      
Import and export 
prohibitions, 
restrictions and licences
 • Import of goods maybe subject to licensing requirements on grounds of 
protection of plant, animals and environment. (S-III§53). 
• Regulatory framework is being prepar ed, in accordance with the Montreal 
Protocol, for the import and re-export of ozone-depleting substances and 
equipment containing them.   (S-III§56) 
Standards and  other 
technical requirements    • Commissions are set up for the drafting, adoption or revision of standards in 
the area of environment. (S-III§62) 
• Standards may become mandatory for reasons of environmental protection. 
(S-III§63).  
• Mandatory prior testing and approval are required on phytosanitary products 
before being put in the market. (S-III§55) 
 
 
L. ROMANIA   
Trade policy framework  
 • The Europe Agreement between Romania and the EC has provisions on the 
environment. (S-II§20) 
• On Romania's accession to the EC, in  2004, the Presidency Conclusions 
indicated that Romania would be able to assume all obligations of 
membership at the envisaged time of its accession, provided that it 
successfully completed all reforms a nd commitments undertaken regarding 
the environment. (S-II§23) 
• Environmental protection is an area of cooperation under BSEC. (S-II§31) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import and export 
prohibitions, restrictions and 
licensing 
 • Romania may prohibit import or export of five categories of goods on 
grounds of environmental protection. (S-III§38). 
• Romania's import (export) licensing system applies to goods subject to 
prohibitions or restrictions for reasons of environment. (S-III§39). 
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  • Certain goods are subject to import cont rol for reasons of environment. (S-
III§40) 
• Exports are prohibited or controlled on grounds of environment. (S-III§76) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements  • Framework on product standards, testing and certifications ai m to ensure that 
products do not harm the environment. (S-III§50) 
• Mandatory standards are in place for pr otecting the envir onment. (S-III§52) 
• Environmental management certification has developed rapidly;  Up to June 
2005, 9 environmental management system certification bodies have be 
accredited.  (S-III§54, 55) 
Incentives • Non-breach of environmental legislati on is a precondition for incentives 
under the programme on investments. (S-III§86) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture and related 
activities • In agriculture, government's aim is to promote durable management of 
forests. (G-II§20) 
• Setting up of Strategy for the Sustainable Development of Agriculture and 
the Food Industry for 2004-05. (S-IV§8)  
Forestry • During 2005-08 Romania plans to manage forests in a sustainable manner. 
(S-II§11) 
• To protect virgin forests from degradation, annual ceilings were set on cut 
wood production;   forestry cadastre system was developed to improve 
overall management of forestry land.(S-IV§28) 
• Creation and allocation of special funds for forest conservation and 
regeneration. World Bank granted a loan in 2002 to help sustain and manage 
forests. (S-IV§29) 
Fisheries • Fishery production declined due to pollution and inefficient management of 
resources. (S-IV§7) 
Mining and energy  • Adoption of strategy in mining industry to protect the environment. (S-
IV§33) 
• Holder of licence for mining activities must protect and rehabilitate the 
environment. (S-IV§35) 
• Adoption of strategy in energy to protect the environment and increase the 
share of renewable energy by 2010. (S-IV§36) 
• Holder of concessions with respect to petroleum activities must protect and 
rehabilitate the environment. (S-IV§40) 
• Electricity law of 2003 promotes renewable energy resources. (S-IV§45) 
• Regulations in the electricity market aim for the promotion and acquisition of 
renewable sources of energy. (G-III§61) 
Manufacturing • Aim of industrial policy is to promote durable management of resources and 
environment protection. (G-II§26) 
• Iron and steel industry eligible for specific incentives for environmental 
protection. (S-IV§57) 
Services • Aim of transport strategy is to protect the environment. (S-IV§89) 
• Legislation adopted on noise-related restrictions in the air transport sector. 
(S-IV§99) 
• Government conducts environmental controls in tourism sector. (S-IV§109) 
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  M. SIERRA
 LEONE   
Trade policy framework  
 • Commission set up in 2003, whose work plan from 2004 to 2006 included 
the review of laws on forestry and environment. (S-II§15)  
• Adoption of national environmental policy in 1994 and environment 
protection law in 2000 to achieve sustainable development through sound environmental management, covering issues of water resources management, 
biodiversity, forestry and wildlife, etc; Environmental Impact Assessment 
Licence required before any new business establishment may start 
operations. (S-III§8, 100) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import and export 
prohibitions, 
restrictions and 
licensing • Some import restrictions and prohibitions maintained for environmental 
reasons. (S-III§5, 37) 
• Imports of agricultural products have been subject to special import licensing 
requirements for environm ental reasons. (S-IV§17) 
• Some export restrictions maintained for environmental reasons. (S-III§6, 71) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture, forestry 
and fisheries 
  • Development of agricultural sector is crucial for environmental protection. 
(G-IV§68) 
• Main risks to food security were deforestation;  policies aimed at increasing 
agricultural productivity, rural income and employment while ensuring 
adequate protection of the environment. (S-IV§13) 
Forestry  • Deforestation has progressed rapidly since 1990; forestry policy aims to 
conserve forest areas for the prot ection of soil and water resources. 
(S-IV§26, 27) 
• Export restrictions on plants and charcoal to minimizes deforestation and to 
prevent extinction of certain tree speci es; creation of reforestation fund. 
(S-IV§2, 28) 
Fisheries  • Policy and measures against depletion of marine resources. (S-IV§31) 
Mining  • Main objective of core mineral policy is to minimize and mitigate the 
adverse impact of mining operations on the environment. (S-IV§36) 
Services • On Sierra Leone's GATS commitments on environmental services, presence 
of natural persons and cross-border supply of environmental services is 
unbound. (S-IV§66) 
• Functions of the regulatory authority responsible for shipping transport 
services include the protection of the marine environment. (S-IV§83) 
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  N. THE  PHILIPPINES   
Trade policy framework  
 • The Philippines proposed the Oceans In itiative to promote cooperation on 
protecting the marine environment. (S-II§41) 
• Ecological and solid waste management projects and environmental projects 
remained an investment priority in 2004. (S-II§49) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Prohibitions and 
restrictions  • Imports of  dangerous chemicals that  are an unreasonable risk to the 
environment are restricted or prohibite d; entry or transit of hazardous and 
nuclear wastes, and import and consumption of halons were banned;  import 
of CFCs is allowed till 2009. (S-III§27) 
• Import of live exotic fish species, shrimp and prawn are prohibited on the 
basis of certain grounds. (S-III§28) 
• Import licensing regulated on grounds of protection of the environment. (S-
III§31) 
• Ban on used motor cycles, components and motor vehicles on environmental 
reasons not opera ting. (S-IV§73) 
Export prohibitions, 
restrictions and licensing • List of prohibited and regulated exports include endangered wildlife species, 
live animals and under CITES; export of logs from native forests banned for environmental reasons (S-II§85) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements • All imported vehicles must comply with emission standards. (S-IV§73) 
• All imported plants and plant products of GM origin must be authorized and 
certified. (S-III§62) 
• With respect to soap and detergent manufacturers, the use of hard surfactants 
is prohibited due to environmental reasons. (S-III§79) 
Incentives • Ecological and solid waste management  projects, enterprises which produce 
non-conventional fuels and equipment utilizing non-conventional energy sources were entitled to receive tax in centives. (S-III§10 1, 102)(S-II§50) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture • 1998 Fisheries Code aims to preserve, protect and manage fisheries in a 
sustainable manner; sustainable fisheries management sought to be enforced 
through various laws, but despite efforts to introduce it, over fishing has 
greatly depleted fishing stocks due to non-implementation of sustainable management. (S-IV§26, 27) 
• The regulation of live exotic fish species, prawn and shrimp is based on 
existing biosafety laws. (S-IV§28) 
Energy • Main goal of the 2004-13 Energy Plan is to double renewable energy 
capacity. (S-IV§31) 
• Development of renewable energy sources are entitled to specified non-tax 
incentives. (S-IV§34) 
• Government plans to pass law to require oil companies to use specified 
ethanol percentages for environmental reasons. (S-IV§38) 
• Government policy is to promote natura l gas as a cleaner energy source. (S-
IV§42) 
• Environmental charge on electricity consumers. (S-IV§51) 
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  O. TRINIDAD
 AND  TOBAGO 
Trade policy framework  
 • Trinidad and Tobago is one of the Members of the Association of Caribbean 
States that promotes cooperation in the area of sustainable tourism. (S-II§58) 
Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions, 
licensing and 
quantitative restrictions • Some goods require licenses on grounds of environment and under the 
Montreal Protocol. (S-III§62, 63) 
• Quantitative restrictions on ozone-deple ting substances; in accordance with 
the Montreal Protocol, phasing out of consumptions of CFCs; quota system 
for importers of CFCs. (S-III§69) 
• All live animal and plant imports require import permit, import of wild 
animals and birds requires a CITES  certificate. (S-III§102, 105) 
Export licensing • Export of all animal species listed in CITES and endangered species in 
Trinidad and Tobago requir es  a licence. (S-III§114) 
Standards and 
technical regulations • Aims of compulsory standards include the protection of the environment.
(S-III§87, 88, 92) 
• Projects to develop regulatory regime for biosafety;  no labelling 
requirements for GMOs. (S-III§105) 
Incentives and 
assistance • Technical and financial assistance for environmental management systems. 
(S-III§161) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture  • Policy for management of natural renewable resources, protection of the 
environment from degradation due to agriculture and fisheries practices and maintenance of biodiversity. (S-IV§18, 21) 
• Incentives for rehabilitation efforts. (S-IV§32)  
Energy • Taxation on petroleum activities includes "Green fund levy"  (S-IV§58) 
 
Services • Vessels engaged in coastal trade are required to fulfil environmental 
guidelines. (S-IV§134) 
• To be eligible for certain incentives, hotel projects must make or be likely to 
make contributions to the sustainable development of the tourism industry. (S-IV§154)  
 
P. TUNISIA 
Trade policy framework  
 • Tunisia has begun considering ways to increase the share of environmental 
services in the economy. (S-II§13) 
• Policy being pursued to promote public awareness on the degradation of 
natural resources, the management of water resource infrastructure, forests, pasture, land and soil conservation. (S-IV§8)  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
 Page 95 
 
 
  Trade policies and practices by measure    
Import prohibitions 
and other restrictions • Certain products are excluded from free importation to protect the fauna and 
flora. (S-III§44)  
• Tunisia has acceded to the Basel Convention on the Transboundary 
Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Dispos al and has ratified the 
Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Importation into Africa of Hazardous Wastes;  the importation of hazardous wast es is strictly prohi bited. (S-III§83) 
• Tunisia has ratified the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic 
Pollutants and prohibits production, use, import and export of certain chemicals. (S-III§84) 
• Tunisia has ratified CITES and import of certain species of flora and fauna 
requires a permit. Import of all plant and animal species requires a permit. 
(S-III§85) 
• Products covered by the Montreal Protoc ol are subject to an import licence. 
(S-III§86) 
Duties and taxes 
 • Environmental protection tax on chemical products, cells, batteries, etc. (S-
III§31) 
• Tax levied for pollution cleanup fund on sales and imports of products such 
as petroleum oils, batteries an d polymers, etc. (S-III§87) 
Standards and other 
technical requirements • Tunisia is a contracting party to the Convention on Biological Diversity and 
the Cartagena Protocol on the Preventio n of Biotechnological Risks and is in 
the process of finalizing a national legal framework that will make it possible to regulate genetically modified species . (S-III§82) 
Incentives  • Subsidies by the government to encourage environmental protection (S-
III§125) 
Sector Policy    
Agriculture and related 
activities 
 • Reports of severe soil erosion, loss of  fertility and increasing desertification 
in 1997. (S-IV§8) 
Forestry  • Tunisia reported expenditures under water and soil conservation and 
afforestation programmes in 2002. (S-IV§21) 
• 1988 Forestry Code aims to improve vegetation cover and reforestation. (S-
IV§51) 
Fisheries  • New regulations in fishing with respect to biological recovery periods, 
permissible sizes for certain  species and bans on fishing of certain species. 
(S-IV§48) 
Energy • Commission established for promoting rational use of energy and 
development of renewable energy sources and ratification of Kyoto Protocol. 
(S-IV§56) 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ANNEX I 
 
ENVIRONMENT-RELATED NOTIFICATIONS:   SEARCH WORDS 
 
Basel Convention Hazardous 
Bio HCFCs  Carbon Indigenous  
Cartagena  Kyoto Protocol 
CFCs  Modified organism  CITES  Marking 
Clean Montreal Protocol 
Climate Natural resources Conservation Novel  
Conserve Organic  
Desertification Ozone Diversity Package(ing) 
Eco-label  Pollution 
Ecology Preservation 
Emissions Preserve 
Endangered Recycle Energy Renewable 
Environment Saving  
Erosion Soil erosion Extinct   Species 
Fauna Sustainable 
Fish  Toxic Flora Tree 
Forest Waste 
Genetic  Wildlife  GHGs  Wood 
Green (house)  
  WT/CTE/EDB/5 
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  ANNEX II  
 
ABBREVIATIONS 
 
AMS − Aggregate measurement of support 
Cartagena 
Protocol − Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity 
CBD − Convention on Biological Diversity 
CFCs − Chlorofluorocarbons 
CGP − Code of Good Practice, Annex III of the TBT Agreement 
c.i.f. − Cost, insurance and freight 
CITES − Convention on International Trade in En dangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 
CO 2 − Carbon dioxide 
EEA − European Economic Area 
EIA − Environmental Impact Assessment 
FAO − Food and Agriculture Organization 
FIFG − Financial Instrument of Fisheries Guidance structural measures in the fisheries and 
aquaculture sector in th e European Communities 
GMOs − Genetically modified organisms 
HCFCs − Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbons 
IDB − Inter-American Development Bank 
ICCAT − International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna 
ITTO − International Tropical Timber Organisation 
Kyoto Protocol − Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 
LDCs − Least-Developed Countries 
LMOs − Living modified organisms 
MEAs − Multilateral environmental agreements 
Montreal Protocol − Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 
NFIDCs − Net Food-Importing Developing Countries 
NGOs − Non-governmental organizations 
ODSs − Ozone-depleting substances 
PESCA − Community Initiative concerning the Restructuring of the Fisheries Sector 
R&D − Research and development 
SMEs − Small and medium-sized enterprises 
SO 2 − Sulphur dioxide 
SPS − Sanitary and phytosanitary 
TBT − Technical barriers to trade 
TPR − Trade Policy Review 
UNEP − United Nations Environment Programme 
UNFCCC − United Nations Framework C onvention on Climate Change 
 
 
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