EN    EN EN  
EN    EN  EUROPEAN COMMISSION 
Brussels, 23.7.2010 
COM(2010)395 final 
2010/0212 (COD)   
Proposal for a 
REGULATION (EU) No …/… OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE 
COUNCIL 
on the approval of agricultu ral or forestry vehicles 
 
(Text with EEA relevance) 
 
SEC(2010)934 
 SEC(2010)933 
EN 2   EN EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM  
1. C ONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL  
• Grounds for and objectives of the proposal  
The objective of the proposal  is to lay down harmonised rules on the manufacture of 
agricultural and forestry vehicles (tractors, trailers and towed equipment) with a view 
to ensuring the functioning of the internal market while at  the same time providing for 
a high level of road and occupational sa fety and environmental protection. Existing 
legislation will be replaced in order to ali gn it with the principles of Better Regulation 
and Simplification. 
The proposal aims at enhancing the safety of  vehicles by intro ducing requirements for 
all categories of agricultural and forestry vehicles. 
Finally, the proposal contributes to the comp etitiveness of the industry by simplifying 
the existing vehicle type-approval legisl ation, improving transparency and easing 
administrative burden. 
• General context  
The technical requirements for the type-approv al of tractors with regard to numerous 
safety and environmental elements have been  harmonised at the level of the Union in 
order to avoid requirements that differ from one Member State to another, to ensure a 
high level of road and occupational safe ty and environmental protection throughout 
the Community and to allow for a harm onized system of EU type-approval. 
New technologies like ABS (anti-lock braki ng systems) are now available and can be 
implemented in the near future, which w ill dramatically improve vehicle safety. 
Research has indicated that there would be significant benefits if such technologies 
were introduced as standard on ne w vehicles. Setting common mandatory 
requirements would also prevent the fragment ation of the internal market resulting 
from varying product standards emerging across Member States.  
The Commission in its Co mmunication on “A Competitive Automotive Regulatory 
Framework for the 21st Century”1 welcomed the recommendation from the CARS 21 
report2 to simplify the current whole vehicl e type-approval regul atory framework. 
Following this recommendation, the proposal  significantly simplifies the type-
approval legislation by replacing 24 base Directives (and around 35 related amending 
Directives) in the field of agricultural and forestry vehicle technical requirements with 
one Council and Parliament Regulation. 
• Existing provisions in the area of the proposal  
• The existing type-approval legislation for tr actors is regulated in the following EU-
                                                 
1 COM(2007) 22.  
2 CARS 21 , A Competitive Automotive Regulatory System for the 21st century:  ISBN 92-79-00762-9 .  
EN 3   EN acts: Council Directives 74/347/EEC , 76/432/EEC, 76/763/ EEC, 77/537/EEC, 
78/764/EEC, 80/720/EEC, 86/297/EEC, 86/ 298/EEC, 86/415/EEC, 87/402/EEC; 
European Parliament and Council Directives 2000/25/EC, 2003/37/EC, 
2009/57/EC, 2009/58/EC, 2009/59/EC, 2009/60/EC, 2009/61/EC, 2009/63/EC, 
2009/64/EC, 2009/66/EC, 2009/68/EC, 2009/75/EC, 2009/76/EC and 
2009/144/EC. 
The draft proposal and its implementing and delegated acts will carry over the 
existing requirements laid down in the above  acts. Compared to the existing acts, the 
regulation will lay down new requirements on one advanced safety measure, namely anti-lock braking systems, together with  some further updates in the braking 
requirements like shorter braking distan ces and the introduc tion of hydrostatic 
systems. In addition, the proposal will intr oduce requirements on a series of technical 
aspects for those vehicle categories for whic h they are not yet defined under Directive 
2003/37/EC, at a level similar to what exists today in the Directives referred to above. 
• Consistency with the other policies and objectives of the Union  
The proposal is consistent w ith the EU objective to make roads safer as outlined, in 
particular, in the White Paper on European Transport Policy
3. This was adopted by 
the Commission in 2001 and provides an um brella for the European Road Safety 
Action Programme. 
Furthermore, as far as the environmental aspects of the proposal  are concerned, no 
changes are proposed to the existing levels of protection. The only change is that the 
Regulation should refer to Directive 97/68 /EC on emissions of Non-Road Mobile 
Machinery instead of having a specific one  for tractors, simplifying the current 
implementation process while keeping the key features for future developments. 
Finally, the proposal is consistent with th e EU strategy for the simplification of the 
regulatory environment as announced in the Commission' s Communication on 
“Updating and simplifying the Community acquis”4 which identifies the type-
approval system for motor vehicles as a priority area for simplification of Community legislation. 
2. C ONSULTATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT  
• Consultation of interested parties 
Consultation methods, main secto rs targeted and general profile of 
respondents  
In developing the proposal  the Commission has consu lted stakeholders in a 
number of ways: 
• There was a general internet consu ltation, covering all aspects of the 
proposal. Reactions were received from Member States (ministries), tractor 
                                                                                                                                                         
3 COM(2001) 370. 
4 COM(2003) 71.  
EN 4   EN manufacturers (European and nationa l representatives and individual 
companies) and component manufacturers, transport organisations and user representation. 
• In the context of the Impact Asse ssment study an external consultant 
invited some 200 stakeholders to c ontribute and send in comments. In 
addition a meeting was held with interested parties. 
• The proposal has been discussed in se veral meetings of the Commission’s 
Working Group on Agricultural Tractors. 
Summary of responses and how th ey have been taken into account  
During the internet consultation, a number of  issues were raised by stakeholders. The 
impact assessment that accompanies this pr oposal provides a full account of the 
substantive issues raised a nd discusses how they have been taken into consideration. 
An open consultation was conducted over th e internet from 3/07/2008 to 12/09/2008. 
The Commission received 19 responses . The results are available on 
http://ec.europa.eu/enterpri se/automotive/consultation/ag ricultural_vehicles/call.htm.  
• Collection and use of expertise 
Scientific/expertise domains concerned  
The proposal required the assessment of different policy options as well as the 
associated economic, societal and environmental impacts. 
Methodology used  
The consultant, TRL ltd., sent an enquiry to all relevant stakeholders (public 
authorities, manufacturing industry and us ers organisations); a draft report was 
discussed in a meeting with those interested, which result ed in further contributions. 
 
Means used to make the exper t advice publicly available  
The TRL report is available on the DG Enterprise and Industry website.  
• Impact assessment  
For each of the main aspects of the proposal, different options were considered: 
1. Simplification aspects – I:  Directives or Regulations  
a) No change in policy. This would mean that the existing 24 Directives would be 
maintained with additional amendments when necessary. 
b) Replace existing separate Directives by one Regulation. c) Replace existing Directives by on e Co-Decision Regulation and a limited  
EN 5   EN number of thematic delegated and implementing acts. This is the retained 
option. 
2. Simplification aspect – II: all in detailed EU legislation or reference to 
international standards  
a) No change in policy. This would mean that the existing 24 Directives would be 
maintained with additiona l amendments when necessary. The Directives would 
continue to operate in pa rallel with the existing UNE CE Regulations and OECD 
Codes with the technical requirements us ually (but not always) being the same. 
This is currently the cause of much confusion for stakeholders who are not 
closely involved with the type-approval system, and l eads to a situation of a 
regulatory system that is less than fully transparent.  
b) Replace existing separate Directives  where possible by equivalent UNECE 
Regulations.  
c) Replace existing separate Directives  where possible by equivalent UNECE 
Regulations, or OECD Codes (roll-over  protection systems) or possibly 
CEN/CENELEC or ISO standards. This is  the retained option since it would 
maximise the advantages of simplificati on at the benefit, in particular, of 
national authorities and industry.  
3. Completion of the internal market  
a) No change in policy. This would mean th at bit-by-bit the package as foreseen in 
Directive 2003/37/EC would be completed. 
b) Complete the EU TA requirements and make EU WVTA mandatory for all 
categories. 
c) Complete the EU TA requirements but  leave EU WVTA op tional for certain 
categories (T4, T5, C, R and S). 
The Commission carried out an impact asse ssment listed in the Work Programme; the 
report is accessible on [CIRCA WEBPAGE] 
3. L EGAL ELEMENTS OF THE PROPOSAL  
• Summary of the proposed action  
The proposal significantly simplifies the ag ricultural vehicle type-approval system 
with respect to the technical  requirements on safety a nd emissions by repealing 24 
Directives. 
The proposal will, through the delegated acts  foreseen herein, lay down in detail the 
new mandatory requirements on braking. In  particular, the delegated acts adopted 
under this proposal will re quire amongst others:  
– mandatory fitting of anti-lock braking syst ems on some categories (T5 fast tractors 
and their trailers suitable for speeds over 40 km/h);   
EN 6   EN – higher deceleration performance; 
– compatibility between tractor a nd trailers/towed equipment. 
• Legal basis  
The legal basis of the proposal is Article 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the 
European Union. 
• Subsidiarity principle  
The subsidiarity principle applies since th e proposal does not fa ll under the exclusive 
competence of the Union. 
The objectives of the proposal cannot be su fficiently achieved by the Member States 
for the following reasons. 
In order to allow for an EU vehicle type  approval system, the technical requirements 
for the type-approval of motor vehicles w ith regard to safety and environmental 
elements must be harmonised at Union le vel. Action by Member States alone would 
not allow for an EU whole vehicle type-a pproval system. European Union action is 
necessary because of the need to avoid the em ergence of barriers to the single market. 
Union action will better achieve the objectiv es of the proposal because it will avoid 
fragmentation of the internal market wh ich would otherwise arise and will enhance 
the safety and environmenta l performance of vehicles. 
The proposal therefore complies with  the subsidiarity principle. 
• Proportionality principle  
The proposal complies with the proportiona lity principle for the following reasons. 
As shown in the impact assessment, the proposal complies with the proportionality 
principle because it does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve the 
objectives of ensuring the proper functioning of  the internal market while at the same 
time providing for a high level of public  safety and environmental protection. 
The simplification of the regulatory envir onment will significantly contribute to the 
reduction of administrative costs fo r national authorities and industry. 
• Choice of instruments  
Proposed instruments: regulation. 
Other means would not be adequate for the following reasons. The use of a Regulation is considered to be appropriate in providing the required 
assurance for compliance whils t not requiring the transpos ition into Member States' 
legislation. 
The proposal uses the “split-lev el approach” that has original ly been introduced at the  
EN 7   EN request of the European Parliament and used in other pieces of le gislation in the area 
of EU type approval of motor vehicles. Th is approach foresees legislation in two 
steps:  
• first, the fundamental provisions will be laid down by the European Parliament and 
the Council in a Regulation based on Artic le 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning 
of the European Union through the ordinary legislative procedure; 
• secondly, the techni cal specifications implementi ng the fundamental provisions 
will be laid down in delegated acts adopt ed by the Commission in accordance with 
Article 290 of the Treaty on the Func tioning of the European Union.  
4. B UDGETARY IMPLICATION  
The proposal has no implication for the Community budget. 
5. A DDITIONAL INFORMATION  
• Simulation, pilot phase and transitory period  
There is a general transitory period in the proposal in order to allow sufficient lead 
time for vehicle and component ma nufacturers and administrations. 
• Simplification  
The proposal provides for simplification of legislation. 
24 Directives on the type-approval of  vehicles will be repealed. 
The proposal provides for simplification of administrative procedures for public 
authorities. The proposal is included in the Commission's rolling programme for up-
date and simplification of the ‘acquis communautaire’ and it's Legislative Work 
Programme under the reference 2009/ENTR/001. 
• Repeal of existing legislation  
The adoption of the proposal will lead to the repeal of existing legislation. 
• European Economic Area  
The proposed act concerns an EEA matter and should therefore extend to the 
European Economic Area.   
EN 8   EN 2010/0212 (COD) 
Proposal for a 
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL REGULATION 
Regulation (EU) No .../2010 of the European  Parliament and of the Council for the 
approval of agricultural and forestry vehicles 
(Text with EEA relevance) 
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE CO UNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Uni on, and in particular Article 
114 thereof, 
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, 
Having regard to the opinion of the Eu ropean Economic and Social Committee5  
After transmission of the proposal  to the national Parliaments, 
Acting in accordance with the or dinary legislative procedure, 
Whereas: (1) In order to promote the internal market , a comprehensive Commu nity type approval 
system for tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed equipment was established by Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parl iament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on 
type approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed 
machinery, together with their systems, co mponents and separate  technical units and 
repealing Directive 74/150/EEC
6.  
(2) For the purposes of the establishment and opera tion of the internal market of the Union, it 
is appropriate to replace the approval sy stems of the Member States with a Union 
approval procedure based on the principle of total harmonisation, while at the same time 
taking due account of co st-benefit considerations, with special attention given to small 
and medium-sized enterprises. 
(3) Following the request of the European Parliament and with the aim of simplifying and 
accelerating the procedure, a new regulatory a pproach has been introduced in the Union 
                                                 
5 OJ C […], […], p. […] 
6 OJ L 171, 9.7.2003, p. 1.  
EN 9   EN vehicle type-approval legislation according to  which the legislator in the ordinary 
legislative procedure sets out the fundamental  rules and principles only and delegates the 
legislation of further techni cal details to the Commission. With regard to substantive 
requirements, this Regulation should theref ore lay down only fundamental provisions on 
road safety, occupational safety and envir onmental performance a nd delegate to the 
Commission the power to lay down the tech nical specifications in delegated acts. 
(4) This Regulation is without prejudice to meas ures regarding the use of agricultural and 
forestry vehicles on the road, such as specific drivers' licence requirements, limitations of the maximum speed or measures regul ating the access to certain roads. 
(5) In order to ensure a high level of road safety, occupa tional safety and environmental 
protection the technical require ments and environmental standa rds applicable to vehicles, 
systems, components and separate technical un its with regard to type-approval should be 
harmonised. 
(6) Since the Directives on non-road mobile machinery
7 do not provide for harmonized 
requirements for road safety, it  is appropriate to provide th e option for manufacturers of 
mobile machinery to have thei r products approved in accordance with European standards 
for the road safety requirements under this Regulation; therefore, mobile machinery 
should be included in this Regulation on an op tional basis with regard to system type-
approvals for road safety requir ements, in particular since the requirements applicable to 
mobile machinery outside of this regulation do not comprise any road safety aspects. 
(7) In order to simplify the type-approval legisl ation in line with the recommendations of the 
Report CARS 21: A Competitive Automo tive Regulatory System for the 21st century8 
("CARS 21"), it is appropriate to repeal all separate Directives w ithout reducing the level 
of protection. The requirements set out in thos e Directives should be carried over to this 
Regulation or its delegated acts and should be replaced, where a ppropriate, with 
references to the corresponding regulations of  the United Nations Economic Commission 
for Europe (UNECE), as incorporated into Union law in accordance with Article 4 of 
Council Decision 97/836/EC of 27 Novemb er 1997 with a view to accession by the 
European Union to the Agreement of th e United Nations Economic Commission for 
Europe concerning the adoption of uniform t echnical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, 
equipment and parts which can be fitted to and/or used on wheeled vehicles and the 
conditions for reciprocal r ecognition of approvals gran ted on the basis of these 
prescriptions ("Revised 1958 Agreement")9. To reduce the admini strative burden of the 
type-approval process it is appr opriate to allow vehicle manuf actures to type-approve in 
accordance with this Regulation, where appr opriate, directly by means of obtaining 
approval to the relevant UNECE Re gulation as listed in Annex I. 
                                                 
7 Cf. Directives 97/68/EC and 2006/42/EC. 
8 COM(2007)22 final. 
9 OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p.78.  
EN 10   EN (8) Consequently, UNECE Regulations to which the Union accedes, in application of 
Decision 97/836/EC, and amen dments to UNECE Regulations to which the Union has 
already acceded should be incorporated within  the EU type-approval procedure either as 
requirements for EU vehicle type-approval, or as alternatives to existing Union law. In 
particular, where the Union de cides that a UNECE Regulation shall become part of the 
EU vehicle type-approval requirements and replace existing EU legislation, the power 
should be delegated to the Commission to adopt the necessary adaptations to this Regulation or to adopt the necessary implementing acts. 
(9) As an alternative, reference can be made in the delegated acts to Codes established by the 
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) or to CEN/CENELEC 
or ISO standards which are directly available to the public.  
(10) The requirements of this regulation are in acco rdance with the principles enshrined in the 
Action plan entitled ‘Simplifying and im proving the regulatory environment’
10. 
(11) It is of particular importance that future m easures proposed on the basis of this Regulation 
or procedures to be implemented in applica tion of it should comply with these principles, 
which have been restated by the Commission in  its Report CARS 21. In particular, for the 
purposes of better regulation a nd simplification and in order to avoid constant updating of 
existing EU legislation on issues of technica l specifications, this Regulation should make 
reference to existing international standards and regulations which are available to the 
public without reproducing them in the EU legal framework. 
(12) Directive 2003/37/EC in a first stage limited the mandatory application of the EU whole 
vehicle type-approval procedur e to the vehicle categories T1, T2 and T3 and did not 
provide for all requirements necessary in order to apply for EC-whole vehicle type 
approval on a voluntary basis for other catego ries. In order to complete the internal 
market and to ensure that it functions  properly, this Regulation should allow 
manufacturers to apply for EU-whole vehicle type approval for all categories covered by 
this Regulation on a voluntary basis, thereby en abling them to benefit from the advantages 
of the internal market by m eans of the EU type-approval. 
(13) It is appropriate to establish the principle th at vehicles must be de signed, constructed and 
assembled so as to minimise the risk of inju ry to the vehicle occupants and to other road 
users. For this purpose, it is necessary that  manufacturers ensure th at vehicles comply 
with the relevant requirements  set out in this Regulation. Those provisions should include, 
but not be limited to, requirements relating to vehicle structural integrity, systems to aid 
the driver's control of the vehicle, system s to provide the driver with visibility and 
information on the state of th e vehicle and the su rrounding area, vehicle lighting systems, 
vehicle occupant protection systems, the ve hicle exterior and accessories, vehicle masses 
and dimensions and vehicle tyres. 
                                                 
10 COM(2002)278 final, 5.6.2002.  
EN 11   EN (14) In order to ensure that th e procedure for monitoring conformity of production, which is 
one of the cornerstones of the Community type-approval system, has been correctly 
implemented and functions properly, manufact urers should be regularly checked by the 
competent authority or by an appropriately qua lified technical servic e appointed for that 
purpose. 
(15) In order to prevent misuse, the simplified pr ocedure for small series vehicles should be 
restricted to limited numbers of vehicles; it is  therefore necessary to define precisely the 
concept of small series in terms of  the number of vehicles produced. 
(16) It is important to lay down provisions for th e individual approval of vehicles, in order to 
allow sufficient flexibility in the multi-stage approval system. 
(17) The main objective of the legislation of the Un ion on the approval of vehicles is to ensure 
that new vehicles, components and separate te chnical units put on the market provide a 
high level of safety and envir onmental protection. This aim should not be impaired by the 
fitting of certain parts or equi pment after vehicles have been placed on the market or have 
entered into service. Thus, a ppropriate measures should be ta ken in order to make sure 
that parts or equipment which can be fitted to vehicles and which are capable of significantly impairing the functi oning of systems that are essent ial in terms of safety or 
environmental protection, are subject to a pr ior control by an approval authority before 
they are offered for sale. These measures  should consist of technical provisions 
concerning the requirements that those part s or equipment have to comply with. 
(18) Those measures should only apply to a limited number of parts and eq uipment, the list of 
which should be established in a delegated ac t after having consulted the stakeholders. 
Such measures should ensure that the part s or equipment in question do not impair the 
safety or environmental performance of th e vehicle while at the same time preserving 
wherever possible competition in the aftermarket. 
(19) It is important that manufacturers supply releva nt information to vehicle owners in order 
to prevent misuse of safety devices. 
(20) In order to allow manufacturers  of components or separate te chnical units to apply for EU 
type-approval for components or  separate technical units or  authorisation, it is also 
important for these manufacturers to have acce ss to certain information that is available 
only from the vehicle manufacturer, such as the technical information, including 
drawings, required for the developmen t of parts for the aftermarket. 
(21) Unrestricted access to vehicle re pair information, via a standardised format which can be 
used to retrieve the technical information, and effective competition on the market for 
vehicle repair and maintenance informati on services are necessary to improve the 
functioning of the internal market, particular ly as regards the free movement of goods, 
freedom of establishment and freedom to pr ovide services. A great proportion of such 
information is related to on-board diagnosti c (OBD) systems and th eir interaction with 
other vehicle systems. It is appropriate to  lay down technical specifications that the  
EN 12   EN websites of the manufacturers should follow, along with targeted measures to ensure 
reasonable access for small and medium-sized enterprises.  
(22) The Member States should lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the 
provisions of this Regulation and ensure th at they are implemented. Those penalties 
should be effective, prop ortionate and dissuasive. 
(23) The Commission should be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 
290 of the Treaty in respect of road safety (including braking), occupational safety and 
environmental performance, testing, access to  repair and maintenance information and 
appointment and specific authorized tasks of te chnical services, in order to supplement or 
amend certain non-essential el ements of this Regulation. 
(24) Some of the subjects covered by this Re gulation require uniform conditions for the 
implementation in the Member States, in or der to ensure the proper functioning of the 
internal market by facilitating mutual recognition of administrative decisions taken in the different Member States and the acceptance of documents issued by vehicle manufacturers, thus allowing stak eholders to benefit from the internal market more easily. 
The Commission should therefore be empo wered to adopt implementing acts in 
accordance with Article 291 of th e Treaty in order to lay down uniform conditions for the 
implementation of this regulation with regard to the following items: list of information to be provided when applying for type-approval , type-approval proce dures, templates for 
manufacturers' additional plates, EU type-approval certificates, list of type approvals issued, numbering system for EU  type-approvals and procedures to ensure conformity of 
production. 
(25) According to Article 291 of the TFEU, rules and general principles concerning 
mechanisms for the control by Member States of the Commission's exercise of its implementing powers shall be laid down in advance by a Regulation adopted in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure. Pending the adoption of that new 
Regulation, Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures 
for the exercise of implementing powers c onferred on the Commission continues to apply, 
with the exception of the regulatory proce dure with scrutiny, which is not applicable. 
(26) As a consequence of the application of the new regulatory system set in place by this 
regulation, Directive 2003/37/EC  and the following Directiv es should be repealed: 
Directive 74/347/EEC of the Council
11 of 25 June 1974 on the approximation of the laws 
of the Member States relating to the field of vision and windscreen wipers for wheeled 
agricultural or forestry  tractors, Directive 76/ 432/EEC of the Council12 of 6 April 1976 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to th e braking devices of 
wheeled agricultural or forestry trac tors, Directive 76/763/EEC of the Council13 of 27 July 
1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to passenger seats 
                                                 
11 OJ L 191 of 15.07.1974, p. 5. 
12 OJ L 122 of 8.05.1976, p. 1. 
13 OJ L 262 of 27.09.1976, p. 135.  
EN 13   EN for wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors, Directiv e 77/537/EEC of the Council14 of 28 
June 1977 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measures 
to be taken against the emission of pollutant s from diesel engines for use in wheeled 
agricultural or forestry  tractors, Directive 78 /764/EEC of the Council15 of 25 July 1978 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member  States relating to the driver's seat on 
wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors, Direct ive 80/720/EEC of the Council16 of 24 
June 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States rela ting to the operating 
space, access to the driving pos ition and the doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or 
forestry tractors, Directiv e 86/297/EEC of the Council17, of 26 May 1986 on the 
approximation of the laws of the Member St ates relating to the power take-offs of 
wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors and their protection, Directive 86/298/EEC of 
the Council18 of 26 May 1986 on rear-mounted roll- over protection structures of narrow-
track wheeled agricultural and forestry tr actors, Directive 86/415/EEC of the Council19 of 
24 July 1986 on the installation, location, operation and identification of the controls of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors, Direct ive 87/402/EEC of the Council
20 of 25 
June 1987 on roll-over protection structures mounted in front of the driver's seat on 
narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forest ry tractors, Directiv e 2000/25/EEC of the 
European Parliament and the Council21 of 22 May 2000 on action to be taken against the 
emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants by engines intended to  power agricultural 
or forestry tractors and amending 74/150/ EEC, Directive 2009/57/EC of the European 
Parliament and the Council22 of 13 July 2009 on the approx imation of the laws of the 
Member States relating to the roll-over protection structures  of wheeled agricultural or 
forestry tractors, Directive 2009/58/EC of the European Parliament and the Council23 of 
13 July 2009 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the coupling device and the reverse of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors, Directive 2009/59/EC of the European Parliament and the Council
24 of 13 July 2009 on the 
approximation of the laws of the Member Stat es relating to rear-view mirrors for wheeled 
agricultural of forestry  tractors, Directive 2009/60/EC of the European Parliament and the 
Council25 of 13 July 2009 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating 
to the maximum design speed of and load plat forms for wheeled agricultural or forestry 
tractors, Directive 2009/61/ EC of the European Parliament and the Council26 of 17 
October 1978 on the approximation of the laws  of the Member States relating to the 
installation of lighting and lig ht-signalling devices on wheele d agricultural and forestry 
                                                 
14 OJ L 220 of 29.08.1977, p. 38. 
15 OJ L 255 of 18.09.1978, p. 1. 
16 OJ L 194 of 28.07.1980, p. 1. 
17 OJ L 186 of 8.07.1986, p. 19. 
18 OJ L 186 of 8.07.1986, p. 26. 
19 OJ L 240 of 26.08.1986, p. 1. 
20 OJ L 220 of 8.08.1987, p. 1. 
21 OJ L 173 of 12.07.2000, p. 1. 
22 OJ L 261 of 3.10.2009, p. 1. 
23 OJ L 198 of 30.7.2009, p. 4. 
24 OJ L 198 of 30.7.2009, p. 9. 
25 OJ L 198 of 30.7.2009, p. 15. 
26 OJ L 203 of 5.8.2009, p. 19.  
EN 14   EN tractors, Directive 2009/63/ EC of the European Parliament and the Council27 of 13 July 
2009 on the approximation of the laws of the Me mber States relating to certain parts and 
characteristics of wheeled agricultural or fo restry tractors, Direct ive 2009/64/EC of the 
European Parliament and the Council28 of 13 July 2009 on the suppression of radio 
interference produced by agricultural or forest ry tractors (electromagnetic compatibility), 
Directive 2009/66/EC of the Eur opean Parliament and the Council 29 of 13 July 2009 on 
the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the steering equipment of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors , Directive 2009/68/EC of the European 
Parliament and the Council 
30 of 13 July 2009 on the approximation of the laws of the 
Member States relating to the component t ype-approval of lighting and light-signalling 
devices on wheeled agricultural or forest ry tractors, Directiv e 2009/75/EC of the 
European Parliament and the Council31 of 13 July 2009 on the approximation of the laws 
of the Member States relating to the roll-over protection stru ctures of wheeled agricultural 
or forestry tractors (static testing), Directiv e 2009/76/EC of the European Parliament and 
the Council32 of 13 July 2009 on the approximation of  the laws of the Member States 
relating to the driver-perceived noise level of wheeled agricult ural or forestry tractors, 
Directive 2009/144/EC of the European Parliament and the Council33 of 30 November 
2009 on the approximation of th e laws of the Member St ates relating to certain 
components and characteristics of wheeled agri cultural or forestry tractors (dimensions 
and towable masses etc). 
(27) It is important for all stakeholders to establ ish a clear relation betw een this Regulation and 
Directive 2006/42/EC on th e safety of machinery34, in order to clearly establish which 
requirements a specific product needs to fulfil. 
HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: 
CHAPTER I 
SUBJECT MATTER, SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS 
Article 1 
Subject matter 
This Regulation establishes the administrative and technical requirements for the EU type-
approval of all new vehicles  referred to in Article 2. 
                                                 
27 OJ L 214 of 19.8.2009, p. 23. 
28 OJ L 216 of 20.8.2009, p. 1. 
29 OJ L 201 of 1.8.2009, p. 11. 
30 OJ L 203 of 5.8.2009, p. 52. 
31 OJ L 261 of 3.10.2009, p. 40. 
32 OJ L 201 of 1.8.2009, p. 18. 
33 OJ L 27 of 30.1.2010, p.33. 
34 OJ L 157, 9.6.2006, p.24.  
EN 15   EN This Regulation also establishes the requirements fo r the sale and entry into service of parts and 
equipment intended for vehicles approved in accordance with this Regulation and of the 
prohibition of such sale a nd entry into service.  
This Regulation is without prejudice to the applica tion of the relevant legi slation of the Union on 
road safety.  
Article 2 
Scope 
1. This Regulation shall apply to  the type-approval and indivi dual approval of vehicles 
designed and constructed in one or more stages, and of systems, components and 
separate technical units designed an d constructed for such vehicles.  
This Regulation shall apply to the following vehicles: 
(a) tractors (categories T and C), (b) trailers (category R), (c) interchangeable towed equipment (category S) and (d) mobile machinery (category U). 
2. This Regulation shall not apply to interchangeable machinery that is fully raised from 
the ground when the vehicle to which it is attached is in use on a road. 
3. For the following vehicles, the manufacturer  may choose whether to apply for type-
approval under this regulation or  for national type-approval:  
(a) mobile machinery; (b) trailers and towed implements, categories R and S; (c) in case of individual approval, prototypes of vehicles used under the responsibility 
of a manufacturer to perform a speci fic test programme and which where 
specifically designed and cons tructed for that purpose. 
Article 3 
Definitions 
For the purposes of this Regulatio n and of the acts listed  in Annex I except as otherwise provided 
therein:  
EN 16   EN 1. "type-approval" means the procedure whereby an  approval authority ce rtifies that a type 
of vehicle, system, component or separa te technical unit satisfies the relevant 
administrative provisions a nd technical requirements; 
2. "whole vehicle type approval" means a type  approval whereby an  approval authority 
certifies that a complete ve hicle satisfies the relevant administrative provisions and 
technical requirements; 
3. "system type approval" means a type approva l whereby an approval authority certifies 
that a system built into a vehicle of a specific type satisfies the relevant administrative provisions and technical requirements 
4. "component type approval" means a type approval whereby an approval authority 
certifies that a component independently of a vehicle satisfies the relevant administrative 
provisions and techni cal requirements; 
5. "separate technical unit type approval" m eans a type approval whereby an approval 
authority certifies that a separate technical uni t in relation to one or more specified types 
of vehicles satisfies the re levant administrative provisions  and technical requirements 
6. "national type-approval" means a type-approv al procedure laid down by the national law 
of a Member State, the validity of such approval being restrict ed to the territory of that 
Member State; 
7. "EU type-approval" means the procedure whereb y an approval author ity certifies that a 
type of vehicle, system, component or sepa rate technical unit sa tisfies the relevant 
administrative provisions and technical  requirements of this Regulation; 
8. ‘tractor’ means any motorised, wheeled or trac ked agricultural or fo restry vehicle having 
at least two axles and a maximum design sp eed of not less than 6 km/h, the main 
function of which lies in its tractive power and which has been especially designed to 
pull, push, carry and actuate certain interchangeable equi pment designed to perform 
agricultural or forestry work, or to tow agricu ltural or forestry trailers or equipment; it 
may be adapted to carry a load in the context of agricultural or forestry work and/or may 
be equipped with one or more passenger seats; 
9. ‘trailer’ means any towed agricultural or forestry vehicle intended mainly to carry loads 
and designed to be towed by a tractor for agri cultural or forestry purposes and which is 
not designed to process mate rials [and where the ratio of the technically permissible 
gross mass to the unladen mass of that vehi cle is equal to or greater than 3,0;  
10. ‘interchangeable towed equipment’ means any vehicle used in agriculture or forestry 
which is designed to be towed by a tractor, ch anges or adds to its functions, permanently 
incorporates an implement or is designed to process materials, which may include a load 
platform designed and constructed to receive any tools and appliances needed for those 
purposes and to store tempor arily any materials produced or needed during work and  
EN 17   EN where the ratio of the technically permissi ble gross mass to the unladen mass of that 
vehicle is less than 3,0; 
11. "mobile machinery" means any self-propelled  vehicle with the exclusion of machinery 
mounted on a motor vehicle ch assis, which is designed and constructed specifically to 
perform work and which, because of its constr uction characteristics, is not suitable for 
carrying passengers or for transporting goods.  
12. "vehicle" means any tractor, trailer, interchangeable towed equipment or mobile 
machinery as defined in points 8, 9, 10 and 11; 
13. "type of vehicle" means vehicles of a partic ular category which do not differ in at least 
the essential respects specifie d in point 41, regardle ss of whether they belong to different 
variants and versions as de fined in points 42 and 43; 
14. "base vehicle" means any vehicle which is used  at the initial stage of a multi-stage type-
approval process; 
15. "incomplete vehicle" means any vehicle which must undergo at least one further stage of 
completion in order to meet the relevant technical requirements of this Regulation; 
16. "completed vehicle" means a vehicle, resul ting from the process of multi-stage type-
approval, which meets the relevant techni cal requirements of this Regulation; 
17. "complete vehicle" means any vehicle which n eed not be completed in order to meet the 
relevant technical requireme nts of this Regulation; 
18. "end-of-series vehicle" means any vehicle th at is part of a stock which cannot be 
registered or sold or entered into service owing to the entry into force of new technical 
requirements against which it has not been approved; 
19. "system" means an assembly of devices co mbined to perform one  or more specific 
functions in a vehicle and whic h is subject to the requirements of any of the regulatory 
acts; 
20. "component" means a device subjec t to the requirements of a regulatory act and intended 
to be part of a vehicle, which may be t ype-approved independently of a vehicle where 
the regulatory act makes expr ess provisions for so doing; 
21. "separate technical unit" means a device subjec t to the requirements of a regulatory act 
and intended to be part of a vehicle, which may be type-a pproved separately, but only in 
relation to one or more specified types of vehicle where the regulat ory act makes express 
provisions for so doing; 
22. "original parts or equipment" means part s or equipment which are manufactured 
according to the specifications and produc tion standards provided by the vehicle 
manufacturer for the production of parts or equipment for the assembly of the vehicle in  
EN 18   EN question, including those parts or equipm ent which are manufactured on the same 
production line as these part s, or equipment and, based on a rebuttable presumption, 
parts or equipment for which the manufactur er certifies that the parts or equipment 
match the quality of the components used for the assembly of the vehicle in question and 
have been manufactured according to the sp ecifications and production standards of the 
vehicle manufacturer;  
23. "manufacturer" means the person or body who is  responsible to th e approval authority 
for all aspects of the type-approval or aut horization process and for ensuring conformity 
of production, whether or not the person or body is  directly involved in all stages of the 
construction of the vehicle, system, component  or separate technical unit which is the 
subject of the approval process; 
24. "manufacturer's representative" means any na tural or legal person established in the 
Union who is duly appointed by the manufactur er to represent him before the approval 
authority and to act on his behalf in  matters covered by this Regulation; 
25. "approval authority" means the authority of a Member State established or appointed by 
the Member State and notified to the Co mmission by the Member State in accordance 
with Article 5  with competence for all aspects of the approval of a type of vehicle, 
system, component or separate technical unit or  of the individual approval of a vehicle, 
for the authorisation process, for issuing and, if appropriate, withdrawing approval 
certificates, for acting as the contact point fo r the approval authori ties of other Member 
States, for designating the technical servi ces and for ensuring that the manufacturer 
meets his obligations regarding the conformity of production; 
26. "technical service" means an organisation or body designated by th e approval authority 
of a Member State as a testing laboratory to carry out tests, or as a conformity 
assessment body to carry out the initial assessment and other tests or inspections, on behalf of the approval authority; 
27. "self-testing" means the performance of tests in his own facilities, the registration of the 
test results and the submi ssion of a report including c onclusions to the approval 
authority by a manufacturer who has been designated as te chnical service in order to 
assess the compliance of certain requirements; 
28. "virtual testing method" means computer simulations including calculations which 
demonstrate whether a vehicle, a system, a co mponent or a separate technical unit fulfils 
the technical requirements of a regulatory act  without requiring th e use of a physical 
vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit; 
29. "type-approval certificate" means the document whereby the approval authority 
officially certifies that a type of vehicle, system, component or sepa rate technical unit is 
approved;  
EN 19   EN 30. "EU type-approval certificate" means the cer tificate based on the model set out in this 
Regulation or the communication form set out in the relevant equivalent UNECE 
Regulations or OECD C odes listed in Annex I; 
31. "individual approval certificat e" means the document wher eby the approva l authority 
officially certifies that a pa rticular vehicle is approved; 
32. "certificate of conformity" means the documen t, based on the model set out in this 
Regulation and issued by the manufacturer, which certifies that at the time of its 
production a vehicle belonging to the series of  the type approved in accordance with this 
Regulation corresponded to the type approved in  the type approval and complied with all 
regulatory requirement s listed therein; 
33. “on-board diagnostic system” or ”OBD syst em” means a system for emission control 
which has the capability of identifying the lik ely area of malfunction by means of fault 
codes stored in a computer memory; 
34. “vehicle repair and maintenance information” means all information required for 
diagnosis, servicing, inspection, periodic m onitoring, repair, re-programming or re-
initialising of the vehicle and which the manufacturers provide fo r their authorised 
dealers and repairers, includi ng all subsequent amendments and supplements to such 
information;  
35. “independent operator” means undertakings othe r than authorised dealers and repairers 
which are directly or indir ectly involved in the repair  and maintenance of motor 
vehicles, in particular repairers, manufacturer s or distributors of repair equipment, tools 
or spare parts, publishers of technical inform ation, automobile clubs, roadside assistance 
operators, operators offering inspection and te sting services, operato rs offering training 
for installers, manufact urers and repairers of equipment for alternative fuel vehicles; 
36. "new vehicle" means a vehicle which:  
(a) has never been registered previously, or (b) has been registered for less than six months at the time of application for an 
individual approval.  
37. "registration" means that the vehicle, upon identification, has obtained the administrative 
authorisation for entry into service in road tr affic, be it permanently, temporarily or for a 
short period of time and that a re gistration number has been issued; 
38. "placing on the market" means making available a vehicle for the first time in the Union 
with a view to distribution or use, wh ether for reward or free of charge;  
39. "entry into servic e" means the first use, for its in tended purpose, in the Union, of a 
vehicle covered by this Regulation;  
EN 20   EN 40. "sale" means any sale, from vehi cle manufacturer to retailer or the sale to the end user; 
41. 'vehicle type' means vehicles of the same cate gory that do not differ in respect of at least 
the following essential aspects: 
– manufacturer; 
– manufacturer's type designation; 
– essential construction and design characteristics; 
– backbone chassis/chassis with side memb ers/articulated chassis (obvious and 
fundamental differences); 
– for category T: axles (number) or, fo r category C: axles/tracks (number); 
and, only for tractors: 
– engine (internal combustion/electric/hybrid). 
42. ‘variant’ means vehicles of the same type wh ich do not differ in respect of at least the 
following aspects: 
(a) For tractors: 
– engine, 
– operating principle, 
– number and arrangement of cylinders, 
– power difference of no more than 30 % (the highest power being no 
more than 1,3 times the lowest power), 
– cylinder capacity difference of no more than 20 % (the highest figure 
being no more than 1,2 times the lowest figure); 
– powered axles (number, position, interconnection); 
– steered axles (number and position); 
– maximum laden mass differing by no more than 10 %; 
– transmission (type); 
– rollover protection structure; 
– braked axles (number);  
EN 21   EN (b) For trailers or towed equipment:  
– steering axles (number, position, interconnection); 
– maximum laden mass differing by no more than 10 %; 
– braked axles (number); 
43. ‘version of a variant' means vehicles which consist of a combination of items shown in 
the information package. 
Article 4 
Vehicle Categories 
For the purposes of this Regulation the following vehicle categories apply:  
1. "category T" comprises all wheeled tractors; 
2. "category T1" comprises wheeled tractors w ith a maximum design speed of not more 
than 40 km/h, with the closest axle to the driver having a minimu m track width of not 
less than 1 150 mm, with an unladen mass, in  running order, of more than 600 kg, and 
with a ground clearance of  not more than 1 000 mm; 
3. "category T2" comprises wheeled tractors wi th a minimum track width of less than 1 
150 mm, with an unladen mass, in running order, of more than 600 kg, with a ground 
clearance of not more than 600 mm and with a maximum design speed of not more than 
40 km/h, unless the height of th e centre of gravity of the tract or (measured in relation to 
the ground) divided by the average minimum track for each axle exceeds 0,90, in which 
case the maximum design speed is restricted to 30 km/h; 
4. "category T3" comprises wheeled tractors w ith a maximum design speed of not more 
than 40 km/h, and with an unladen mass, in  running order, of not more than 600 kg; 
5. "category T4" comprises special purpose wheel ed tractors with a maximum design speed 
of not more than 40 km/h; 
6. "category T4.1" (high–clearan ce tractors) comprises tractor s designed for working with 
high-growing crops, such as vines. They featur e a raised chassis or section of chassis, 
enabling them to advance in parallel with the crop with left and right wheels on either 
side of one or more rows of the crop. They  are intended for carrying or operating tools 
which may be fitted at the front, between the axles, at the rear or  on a platform. When 
the tractor is in working position the ground clearance perpendicular to the crop rows exceeds 1 000 mm. Where the height of the centre of gravity of the tractor, measured in 
relation to the ground, using the tyres normally fitted, divided by the average minimum track of all of the axles exceeds 0,90, the maximum design speed shall not exceed 30 
km/h;  
EN 22   EN 7. "category T4.2" (extra–wide tractors) comp rises tractors characte rised by their large 
dimensions, primarily intended for working large areas of farmland; 
8. "category T4.3" (low-clearan ce tractors) comprises fou r-wheel drive tractors whose 
interchangeable equipment is intended for agricultural or forestry use and which are 
characterised by a supporting frame, equipped with one or more power take-offs, having 
a technically permissible mass no greater than 10 tonnes, for which the ratio of this mass 
to the maximum unladen mass in running order is less than 2,5 and having the centre of 
gravity,[see former footnote 38] measured in relation to the gr ound using the tyres 
normally fitted, of less than 850 mm; 
9. "category T5" comprises wheeled tractors with  a maximum design speed of more than 
40 km/h; 
10. "category C" comprises track – laying trac tors propelled by endless tracks or by a 
combination of wheels and endless tracks, wi th subcategories defined by analogy with 
category T; 
11. "category R" comprises trailers; each traile r category described in points 12 to 15 also 
includes an ‘a’ or ‘b’ index, according to its design speed: 
– (a) ‘a’ for trailers with a maximum design speed below or equal to 40 km/h, 
– (b) ‘b’ for trailers with a ma ximum design speed above 40 km/h; 
12. "category R1" comprises trailers, the sum of the technically permissible masses per axle 
of which does not exceed 1 500 kg; 
13. "category R2" comprises trailers, the sum of the technically permissible masses per axle 
of which exceeds 1 500 kg but does not exceed 3 500 kg; 
14. "category R3" comprises trailers, the sum of the technically permissible masses per axle 
of which exceeds 3 500 kg but does not exceed 21 000 kg; 
15. "category R4" comprises trailers, the sum of the technically permissible masses per axle 
of which exceeds 21 000 kg; 
16. "category S" comprises interchangeable towed equipment.  
Each category of interchang eable towed equipment includes an ‘a’ or ‘b’ index, 
according to its design speed: 
–  ‘a’ for interchangeable towed equipmen t with a maximum design speed below or 
equal to 40 km/h, 
–  ‘b’ for interchangeable towed equipmen t with a maximum design speed above 40 
km/h;  
EN 23   EN 17. "category S1" comprises interchangeable towe d equipment, the sum of the technically 
permissible masses per axle of which does not exceed 3 500 kg; 
18. "category S2" comprises interchangeable towe d equipment, the sum of the technically 
permissible masses per axle of which exceeds 3 500 kg; 
19. “category U” comprises machinery as define d in Directive 2006/42/EC, which is self-
propelled and intended for use in agriculture or forestry.  
EN 24   EN 4.  
CHAPTER II 
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS 
Article 5 
National authorities 
1. Member States shall establish and appoint th e national authorities competent in matters 
concerning approval, and notify to the Commi ssion such establishment and appointment 
in accordance with Article 53. 
The notification act of the approval authorities shall include their name, address, 
including electronic address, and area of responsibility. 
2. Approval authorities sha ll ensure that manufacturers applyi ng for approval comply with 
their obligations under this Regulation. 
3. Approval authorities shall approve only such vehicles, systems, com ponents or separate 
technical units as satisfy the re quirements of this Regulation. 
4. Approval authorities shall regist er or permit the sale or entr y into service only of such 
vehicles, components and separate technical units as satisfy the requirements of this 
Regulation. They shall not prohi bit, restrict or impede the registration, sale, entry into 
service or circulation on the ro ad of vehicles, components or separate technical units, on 
grounds related to aspects of their cons truction and functioning covered by this 
Regulation, if they satisfy its requirements. 
Article 6 
General obligations of manufacturers 
1. The manufacturer is responsible  to the approval authority for all aspects of the approval 
process and for ensuring conformity of pr oduction, whether or not the manufacturer is 
directly involved in all stages of the cons truction of a vehicle, system, component or 
separate technical unit. 
2. In the case of multi-stage type-approval, each manufacturer is responsible for the 
approval and conformity of production of the systems, components or separate technical 
units added at the stage of vehicle co mpletion handled by the manufacturer. The 
manufacturer who modifies components or systems already approved at earlier stages 
shall be responsible for the approval and conf ormity of production of those components 
and systems.  
EN 25   EN 3. The manufacturer who modifies the incomple te vehicle in a manner which leads to a 
qualification as a different category of vehicle with the cons equence that legal 
requirements already assessed in a previous stage of approval have changed, is also 
responsible for compliance with those requirements. 
4. For the purposes of this Regulation, a manufacturer es tablished outside the Community 
shall appoint a single represen tative established in the Community to represent him 
before the approval authority.  
References to the manufacturer shall be unde rstood as indicating e ither the manufacturer 
or this representative.  
CHAPTER III 
SUBSTANTIVE REQUIREMENTS  
Article 7  
Requirements on road safety 
1. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles are designed, constructed and assembled so as 
to minimise the risk of injury to the ve hicle occupants and to other road users. 
2. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles, sy stems, components a nd separate technical 
units comply with the relevant requirements  set out in this Regulation including the 
requirements relating to: 
(a) vehicle structure integrity; 
(b) systems to aid the control of the vehi cle by the driver, incl uding steering, braking 
including anti-lock braki ng systems and electronic stability control systems; 
(c) systems to provide the driver with visi bility and information on the state of the 
vehicle and the surrounding area, including gl azing, mirrors and dr iver information 
systems; 
(d) vehicle lighting systems; (e) vehicle occupant protection, including interi or fittings, head rest raint, seat belts, 
vehicle doors; 
(f) vehicle exterior  and accessories;  
EN 26   EN (g) electromagnetic compatibility; 
(h) audible warning devices; (i) heating systems; (j) devices to prevent unauthorised use; (k) vehicle identification systems; (l) masses and dimensions;   
(m) electrical safety; 
(n) rear protective structures; (o) lateral protection; (p) load platforms; 
(q) couplings and reversing devices; (r) controls; (s) tyres; (t) spray-suppression systems. 
3. The requirements referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply to vehicles, systems, 
components and separate technical units intended  therefore, insofar as  they are declared 
applicable to the relevant vehi cle category set out in Article 4. 
4. The Commission shall be delega ted powers to adopt in acco rdance with Article 57 a 
delegated act laying down the detailed techni cal requirements including test procedures 
and limit values, where applicable, for the su bjects listed in para graph 2 in order to 
ensure that a high level of road safety will be obtained. 
Article 8 
Requirements on occupational safety 
1. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles are designed, constructed and assembled so as 
to minimise the risk of injury to persons working on or with the vehicle.  
EN 27   EN 2. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles, sy stems, components and separate technical 
units comply with the relevant requirements  set out in this Regulation including the 
requirements relating to: 
(a) roll-over protection systems (hereinafter ROPS); (b) falling objects protection systems (hereinafter FOPS); (c) passenger seats; (d) internal sound levels; (e) driving seat; (f) operating space and access to the driving position; 
(g) power take-offs; 
(h) protection of drive components; (i) seat-belt anchorage points; (j) safety belts; (k) protection of driver against pe netrating objects (hereinafter OPS); 
(l) protection of driver ag ainst hazardous substances; 
(m) operators manual. 
3. The requirements referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply to vehicles, systems, 
components and separate technical units intend ed therefor, insofar as  they are declared 
applicable to the relevant vehi cle category by this Regulation. 
4. The Commission shall be delegated powers to  adopt in accordance with Article 57 a 
delegated act laying down the detailed techni cal requirements including test procedures 
and limit values, where applicable, for the su bjects listed in para graph 2 in order to 
ensure that a high level of occ upational safety will be obtained. 
Article 9  
Requirements on environmental performance  
1. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles are designed, constructed and assembled so as 
to minimise the impact to the environment.  
EN 28   EN 2. Manufacturers shall ensure that vehicles, sy stems, components and separate technical 
units comply with the relevant requirements set out in this Regulation, including the requirements relating to: 
(a) pollutant emissions; (b) external sound level. 
3. The specific limit values, procedures and test requirements for pollutant emissions laid 
down for mobile machiner y in Directive 97/68/EC
35 shall apply.  
4. The requirements referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply to vehicles, systems, 
components and separate technical units intend ed therefor, insofar as  they are declared 
applicable to the relevant vehi cle category by this Regulation. 
5. The Commission shall be delegated powers to  adopt in accordance with Article 57 a 
delegated act laying down the detailed techni cal requirements including test procedures 
and limit values, where applicable, on the exte rnal sound level as de scribed in paragraph 
2(b) and the installation of approved engines in a vehicle and the related provisions for 
flexibility as described in paragraphs 2(a) a nd 3 in order to ensure that a high level of 
environmental performance will be obtained. 
CHAPTER IV 
EU TYPE-APPROVAL PROCEDURES 
Article 10  
Procedures for the EU whol e vehicle type-approval  
1. The manufacturer may choose one of the following procedures: 
(a) step-by-step type-approval; (b) single-step type-approval; (c) mixed type-approval; (d) multi-stage approval. 
2. The step-by-step type-approval procedure is a vehicle approval pro cedure consisting in 
the step-by-step collection of the whole se t of EU type-approval certificates for the 
systems, components and separate technical units relating to the vehicle, and which 
leads, at the final stage, to th e approval of the whole vehicle. 
                                                
 
35 OJ L 59 of 27.2.1998, p.1.  
EN 29   EN The single-step type-approval is  a procedure consisting in the approval of a vehicle as a 
whole by means of a single operation. 
The mixed type-approval is a step-by-step  type-approval procedure for which one or 
more system approvals are achieved during the final stage of the approval of the whole 
vehicle, without it being necessary to issu e the EU type-approval certificates for those 
systems. 
The multi-stage type-approval procedure is an  approval procedure in which one or more 
approval authorities certify that, depending on the state of completion, an incomplete or 
completed type of vehicle satisfies the releva nt administrative prov isions and technical 
requirements of this Regulation. 
3. Multi-stage type-approval shal l be granted in respect of a type of incomplete or 
completed vehicle which conforms to the par ticulars in the information folder and which 
meets the technical requirements specified by the relevant acts listed in Annex I, having 
regard to the state of completion of the vehicle. 
4. The type-approval for the final stage of completion shall only be granted after the 
approval authority has verified that the type approval( s) issued for the incomplete 
vehicle certify that the vehicle type appr oved at the final stage meets all technical 
requirements applicable at the time when and for the category of vehicle for which the 
type-approval for the comp leted vehicle is granted. 
5. The choice of the approval procedure shal l not affect the applicable regulatory 
requirements with which the approved vehicl e type has to comply at the time of the 
issuing of the whole ve hicle type-approval. 
6. Implementing powers are conferred on the Comm ission in order to lay down templates 
for the details of the arrangeme nts with regard to type-appro val procedures in Article 54.  
Article 11  
Application for type-approval 
1. The manufacturer shall submit the applica tion for type-approval to the approval 
authority  
2. Only one application may be submitted in respect of a particular type of vehicle and it 
may be submitted in only one Member State.  
3. A separate application shall be subm itted for each type to be approved.  
EN 30   EN Article 12  
Information to be provided in th e application for type-approval  
1. An information document, as specified in implementing legislation, prescribes the 
information to be supplied by the applicant. 
The applicant shall provide to the approval authority an information folder. The 
information folder shall include the info rmation document and all data, drawings, 
photographs and other information required th erein. Such information may be supplied 
on paper or in electronic format.  
Implementing powers are conferred on the Comm ission in order to lay down templates 
for an information document and an information folder in Article 54. 
2. When applying for type-approval, the manufact urer shall specify the chosen procedure 
in accordance with Article 10 (1) a) to d), and provide the information folder. 
Article 13  
Specific requirements for informat ion to be provided in the a pplication for ty pe-approval under 
different procedures 
1. An application for step-by-step type-approva l shall be accompanied by an information 
folder and shall be accompanied by the complete set of type-approval certificates required pursuant to each of the applicable  separate acts and UNECE Regulations or 
OECD Codes listed in Annex I. 
In the case of the type-approval of a system or separate technical unit, pursuant to the 
applicable acts listed in Annex I, the approva l authority shall have access to the related 
information folder until such time as th e approval is either issued or refused. 
2. An application for single-step type-approva l shall be accompanied by an information 
folder containing the relevant information in  relation to the acts listed in Annex I. 
3. In the case of a mixed type-approval proced ure, the information folder shall be 
accompanied by one or more type-approval certifi cates required pursuant to each of the 
applicable separate acts and UNECE Regula tions or OECD Codes listed in Annex I and 
shall include, insofar as no type-approval certificate is  presented, the relevant 
information required in the implementing measur es to this Regulation, in relation to the 
acts listed in Annex I. 
4. Without prejudice to paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, the following information shall be supplied 
for the purposes of multi-stage type-approval: 
(a) At the first stage, those parts of the information folder and the EU type-approval 
certificates required for a complete vehicl e which are relevant to the state of 
completion of the base vehicle;  
EN 31   EN (b) At the second and subsequent stages, t hose parts of the information folder and the 
EU type-approval certificates which ar e relevant to the current stage of 
construction, together with a copy of the EU type-approval certificate for the 
vehicle issued at the preced ing stage of construction; in addition, the manufacturer 
shall supply full details of any changes or additions that he has made to the vehicle. 
The information specified in points (a) and (b) may be supplied in  accordance with 
paragraph 2. 
5. The approval authority may, by reasoned reques t, call upon the ma nufacturer to supply 
any additional information needed to enable a decision to be take n on which tests are 
required or to facilitate th e execution of those tests. 
Article 14 
Procedure to be followed for the EU type-approv al of systems, components or separate technical 
units 
The manufacturer shall submit the app lication to the approval authority.  
Only one application may be submitted in respect of a particular type of system, 
component or separate technical unit and it may be submitted in only one Member State. 
A separate application shall be subm itted for each type to be approved. 
CHAPTER V 
CONDUCT OF EU TYPE-APPROVAL PROCEDURES 
Article 15 
General provisions 
1. Approval authorities sh all only grant an EU type-approva l after having ensured that the 
conformity of production procedures referred  to in Article 19 ha ve been implemented 
and if the type of vehicle, system, component or separate  technical unit complies with 
the applicable requirements. 
2. EU type-approvals shall be granted in  accordance with Articles 16 and 17. 
3. If an approval authority finds that a type of vehicle, system, component or separate 
technical unit, albeit built in conformity with the required pr ovisions, presents a serious 
risk to road safety or seri ously harms the environment or public health or, for tractors, 
presents a serious risk to occupational safety, it may refu se to grant EU type-approval. In 
this case, it shall immediately send the appr oval authorities of the other Member States  
EN 32   EN and the Commission a detailed fi le explaining the reasons for its decision and setting out 
the evidence for its findings. 
4. EU type-approval certificates shall be numbered in accordance with a harmonized 
system. 
5. The approval authority shall, w ithin 20 working days, send to the approval authorities of 
the other Member States a copy of the EU vehicle type-approval ce rtificate, together 
with the attachments, for each type of vehi cle which it has approved. The hard copy may 
be replaced by an electronic file. 
6. The approval authority shall inform without de lay the approval authorities of the other 
Member States of its refusal or withdrawal of any vehicle approval,  together with the 
reasons for its decision. 
7. The approval authority shall send at three-mont hly intervals to the approval authorities 
of the other Member States a list of the sy stem, component or sepa rate technical unit EU 
type-approvals it has gran ted, amended, refused to gr ant or withdrawn during the 
preceding period.  
8. If so requested by an approval authority of another Member State, the approval authority 
which has granted an EU type-approval shall, within 20 working days of receiving that request, send to the former a copy of th e EU type-approval ce rtificate in question, 
together with the attachments. The paper copy may be replaced by an electronic file. 
9. If so requested by the Commission, the approv al authority shall submit the information 
described in paragraphs 5 to  8 also to the Commission. 
10. The approval authority shall put together an informati on package consisting in the 
information folder accompanied by the test re ports and all other documents added by the 
technical service or by the approval authority to  the information folder in the course of 
carrying out their functions. The information folder shall contain an index listing the 
contents of the information package, suitabl y numbered or otherwise marked so as to 
identify clearly all the pages, the format of that document being such as to present a record of the successive steps in the manageme nt of the EU type-approval, in particular 
the dates of the revisions and updating. 
Article 16 
Specific provisions concerning the type-approval certificate 
1. The type-approval certificate shall cont ain, as attachments, the following:  
(a) the information package referred to in Article 15; (b) the test results;  
EN 33   EN (c) the name(s) and specimen(s) of the signatu re(s) of the person(s) authorised to sign 
certificates of conformity and a statem ent of their position in the company. 
2. The type approval certificate sh all be issued on the basis of the template laid down in the 
implementing act to this regulation:  
3. In respect of each type of vehicle, the approval authority shall: 
(a) complete all the relevant sections of the EU type-approval certificate, including the 
test results sheet appended thereto, in accordance with the template of the type approval certificate set out in the implementing act to this Regulation; 
(b) compile the index to the information package; 
(c) issue the completed certificate , together with its attachments, to the applicant 
without delay.  
4. In the case of an EU type-approval in rela tion to which, in accordance with Article 26, 
restrictions have been imposed  as to its validity, or cert ain provisions of the acts have 
been waived, the EU type-approval certificate shall specify those rest rictions or waivers. 
5. Where the manufacturer chooses the mixe d type-approval procedure, the approval 
authority shall complete in the information document the references for the test reports, established by regulatory acts,  for which no EU type-approva l certificate is available. 
Implementing powers are conferred on the Comm ission in order to lay down a template 
of such a document in Article 54. 
6. Where the manufacturer choos es the single -step type-approval pro cedure, the approval 
authority shall establish the list of applicable  requirements or acts and append that list to 
the EU type-approval certificate. Im plementing powers are conferred on the 
Commission in order to lay down a temp late of such a list in Article 54. 
Article 17 
Specific provisions concerni ng systems, components or separate technical units 
1. EU type-approval shall be granted in respect of a system which conforms to the 
particulars in the information folder and which meets the technical requirements laid 
down in the relevant ac t listed in Annex I. 
2. A component or separate technical unit EU t ype-approval shall be granted in respect of a 
component or separate technical unit whic h conforms to the particulars in the 
information folder and which meets the techni cal requirements laid down in the relevant 
separate act listed in Annex I. 
3. Where components or separate  technical units, whether or  not intended for repair, 
servicing or maintenance, are also covered by a system type -approval with respect to a  
EN 34   EN vehicle, no additional component  or separate technical unit approval shall be required 
unless provided for under the rele vant act listed in Annex I. 
4. Where a component or separate  technical unit fulfils its f unction or offers a specific 
feature only in conjunction with other parts of  the vehicle, there by making it possible to 
verify compliance with the requirements only when the component or separate technical 
unit is operating in conjunction with those other vehicle parts,  the scope of the EU type-
approval of the component or the separate te chnical unit shall be re stricted accordingly. 
In such cases, the EU type-approval certificat e shall specify any restriction on its use and 
shall indicate the special conditions for its mounting. 
When such a component or separate technica l unit is fitted by the vehicle manufacturer, 
compliance with any applicable  restrictions on use or conditions for mounting shall be 
verified at the time when the vehicle is approved. 
Article 18 
Tests required for EU type-approval 
1. Compliance with the technical prescriptions la id down in this Regulation and in the acts 
listed in Annex I shall be demonstrated by means of appropriate tests performed by 
designated technical services.  
The test procedures and the specific equipm ent and tools prescrib ed to perform those 
tests are described in those acts. 
2. The manufacturer shall make available to the approval authority as many vehicles, 
components or separate technical units as are required under the relevant acts for the 
performance of the required tests. 
3. The required tests shall be performed on vehi cles, components and separate technical 
units which are representative of the type to be approved. 
However, the manufacturer may select, in agreement with the approval authority, a 
vehicle, a system, a component or a se parate technical unit which, while not 
representative of the type to be approved, combines a number of the most unfavourable 
features with regard to the required level of performance. Virtual testing methods may 
be used to aid decision-making during the selection process. 
4. Virtual testing methods may be used as alterna tives to the test proce dures referred to in 
paragraph 1 and subject to the agreement of the approval authority, at  the request of the 
manufacturer with respect to  those requirements listed in  the delegated acts adopted 
under this regulation. 
5. Virtual testing methods shall fulfil the conditio ns set out tin the delegated acts adopted 
under this regulation.  
EN 35   EN 6. The Commission shall be delegated powers to  adopt in accordance with Article 57 a 
delegated act specifying which requirements can be subject to  virtual testing and laying 
down the conditions under which such virtual testing must be performed in order to ensure that the results obtained through virt ual testing are as meaningful as those 
obtained through physical testing. 
Article 19 
Conformity of production arrangements 
1. The approval authority which grants an EU  type-approval shall take the necessary 
measures to verify, if need be in cooperation with the appr oval authorities of the other 
Member States, that adequate  arrangements have been ma de to ensure that production 
vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units, as the case may be, conform 
to the approved type. 
2. The approval authority which has granted an EU type-approval shall take the necessary 
measures in relation to that approval to verify, if need be in cooperation with the 
approval authorities of the ot her Member States, that the arrangements referred to in 
paragraph 1 continue to be adequate and th at production vehicles, systems, components 
or separate technical units, as the case may be, conti nue to conform to the approved 
type. 
Verification to ensure that vehicles, system s, components or sepa rate technical units 
conform to the approved type shall be limited to the procedures set out in the 
implementing acts to this regulation. To that  end, the approval authority of the Member 
State which has granted the EU type-approval may carry out any of the checks or tests 
prescribed with regard to the regulatory re quirement which is subject of the EU type 
approval on samples taken in the premises  of the manufacturer, including production 
facilities. 
3. When an approval authority which has grante d an EU type-approval establishes that the 
arrangements referred to in paragraph 1 are not being applied, deviate significantly from 
the arrangements and control plans agreed, ha ve ceased to be applied or are no longer 
considered to be adequate, although producti on continues, that approval authority shall 
take the necessary measures to ensure that  the conformity of production procedure is 
followed correctly or withdraw the type-approval.  
EN 36   EN CHAPTER VI 
AMENDMENTS TO EU TYPE-APPROVALS 
Article 20 
General provisions 
1. The manufacturer shall inform without delay the approval authority that granted the EU 
type-approval of any change in the particulars recorded in the information package. 
That approval authority shall decide, in accordance with the rules laid down in this 
Chapter, which procedure is to be followed. 
Where necessary it may decide, in consulta tion with the manufacturer, that a new EU 
type-approval or a new individua l approval is to be granted. 
2. An application for the amendment of an EU type-approval shall be submitted 
exclusively to the approval authority that  granted the original  EU type-approval. 
3. If the approval authority finds that, for the purposes of making an amendment, the 
repetition of inspections or tests is ne cessary, it shall inform the manufacturer 
accordingly. 
The procedures referred to in Article 19 shall apply only if on the basis of those 
inspections or tests the appr oval authority concluded that the requirements for EU type-
approval continue to be fulfilled. 
Article 21 
Specific provisions concerning vehicles, systems, components or separate technical units 
1. If particulars recorded in the information package have changed, without requiring the 
repetition of inspections or tests, the am endment shall be designated a "revision". 
In such cases, the approval authority shall issue the revised page of the information 
package as necessary, marking each revised pages to show clearly the nature of the change and the date of re-issue. A consol idated, updated version of the information 
package, accompanied by a detailed description of the changes, shall be deemed to meet 
this requirement. 
2. The amendment shall be designa ted an "extension" if, in addition to the provisions of 
paragraph 1, any of the following occurs: 
(a) further inspections or tests are required;  
EN 37   EN (b) any information on the EU type-approva l certificate, with th e exception of its 
attachments, has changed; 
(c) new requirements under any of the acts a pplicable to the approved vehicle type or 
to the approved system, component or se parate technical unit enter into force. 
In such cases, the approval authority shall issue a revised EU type-approval certificate 
denoted by an extension number, incremented in accordance with the number of successive extensions already granted. The a pproval certificate sha ll show clearly the 
reason for the extension a nd the date of re-issue. 
Whenever amended pages or a consolidated, up dated version are issued, the index to the 
information package attached to the approval certificate sh all be amended accordingly to 
show the date of the most recent extension or  revision, or the date of the most recent 
consolidation of th e updated version. 
Article 22 
Issue and notification of amendments 
1. In the case of an extension all relevant sec tions of the EU type-appr oval certificate, the 
attachments thereto, and the index to the information package shall be updated. The 
updated certificate and its attachments shall be issued to the applicant without delay. 
2. In the case of a revision, the revised documen ts or the consolidated, updated version, as 
appropriate, including the revised index to th e information package, shall be issued by 
the approval authority to the applicant without delay. 
3. The approval authority shall notify any amendment made to  EU type-approvals to the 
approval authorities of the other Member St ates in accordance with the procedures set 
out in Article 15. 
CHAPTER VII 
VALIDITY OF EU TYPE-APPROVAL  
Article 23 
Termination of validity 
1. EU type-approvals shall be i ssued for an unlimited duration. 
2. An EU type-approval of a vehicle shall cease to be valid in any of the following cases: 
(a) new requirements in any act applicable to the appr oved vehicle type become 
mandatory for the registration, sale or entry in to service of new vehicles, and it is not 
possible to update the type-approval accordingly;  
EN 38   EN (b) production of the approved vehicle is definitively discontinued voluntarily; 
(c) the validity of the type-a pproval expires by virtue of  a special restriction in 
accordance with Article 26. 
3. Where only one variant within a type or one version within  a variant becomes invalid, 
the EU type-approval of the vehi cle in question shall lose va lidity only in so far as the 
particular variant or version is concerned. 
4. When production of a particul ar type of vehicle is de finitively discontinued, the 
manufacturer shall notify the approval author ity that granted the EU type-approval for 
that vehicle. 
Upon receiving such notification, that authorit y shall inform the approval authorities of 
the other Member States accord ingly within 20 working days. 
5. Without prejudice to paragraph 4, in cases wh ere an EU type-approval of a vehicle is 
due to become invalid, the manufacturer shall notify the approval authority that granted the EU type-approval. 
The approval authority shall without delay co mmunicate all relevant information to the 
approval authorities of the othe r Member States so as to enable the application, where 
appropriate, of Article 34. 
That communication shall specify, in particul ar, the date of production and the vehicle 
identification number of the last vehicle produced. 
CHAPTER VIII 
CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY AND MARKINGS 
Article 24 
Certificate of conformity 
1. The manufacturer, in his capacity of the hol der of a whole vehicl e type-approval, shall 
deliver a certificate of conformity as a paper document to accompany each vehicle, 
whether complete, incomplete or completed, which is manufactured in conformity with 
the approved vehicle type. 
Such certificate shall be delivered free of char ge to the buyer together  with the vehicle, 
its delivery may not be made dependent on an explicit request or the submission of 
additional information to the manufacturer. 
2. The manufacturer shall use the template of the certificate of conformity given in 
implementing measures in accordance with Article 54.  
EN 39   EN 3. Unless a different agreement has been conc luded with the buyer of  the vehicle, the 
certificate of conformity shall be drawn up in an official language of the Member State 
where the vehicle is purchased. 
4. The certificate of conformity shall be designe d to prevent forgery. To that end, the paper 
used shall be protected either by coloured gr aphics or by a watermark in the form of the 
manufacturer's identification mark. 
5. The certificate of conformity shall be completed in its entirety and shall not contain 
restrictions as regards the us e of the vehicle other than t hose provided for in a regulatory 
act. 
6. In the case of an incomplete or completed vehicle, the manufacturer shall complete only 
those items on side 2 of the cer tificate of conformity which have been added or changed 
at the current stage of approval and, if app licable, shall attach to the certificate all 
certificates of conformity deliv ered at the previous stage. 
7. The certificate of conformity as set out in the implementing act to this Regulation for 
vehicles approved in accordance with paragra ph 2 of Article 26 shall display in the title 
thereof the phrase "For complete/completed vehicles, type-approved in application of 
Article 26 of Regulation […][this Regulation](provisional approval)." 
8. The certificate of conformity as set out in the implementing act shall, for vehicles type-
approved in accordance with Article 28, display in the title thereof the phrase "For complete/completed vehicles type-approved in  small series", and in close proximity 
thereto the year of production followed by a sequential number, between 1 and the limit 
indicated in the table set out in  Part 1 of Annex II, denoting,  in respect of each year of 
production, the position of that vehicle with in the production allocated for that year. 
9. Without prejudice to paragra ph 1, the manufacturer may transmit data or information 
contained in the certificate of conform ity by electronic means to the registration 
authority of the Member State. 
10. A duplicate of the certificate of  conformity may be issued only by the manufacturer. The 
word "duplicate" must be clearly visibl e on the face of any dup licate certificate. 
Article 25 
Type-approval mark 
1. The manufacturer of a component or separate tec hnical unit, whether or not it is part of a 
system, shall affix to each component or unit manufactured in conformity with the 
approved type the type-approval mark, required by the relevant delegated act under this Regulation or the relevant UNE CE Regulation or OECD-Code.  
EN 40   EN 2. Where no such type-approval mark is required,  the manufacturer shall affix at least the 
trade name or trade mark of the manufacturer , and the type number and an identification 
number. 
3. The EU type-approval mark shall be drawn in accordance with the model set out in 
implementing legislation to this Regulation. 
CHAPTER IX 
EXEMPTIONS AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES OR CONCEPTS 
INCOMPATIBILITY WITH DELEGATED ACTS OR UNECE 
REGULATIONS 
Article 26 
Exemptions for new technol ogies or new concepts  
1. The manufacturer may apply for an EU type-a pproval in respect of a type of system, 
component or separate techni cal unit that incor porates new technologies or concepts 
which are incompatible with one or more  acts or requirements listed in Annex I. 
2. The approval authority shall gr ant the EU type-appr oval referred to in paragraph 1 if all 
of the following conditions are met: 
(a) the application states the reasons why the technologies or  concepts in question make 
the system, component or separate t echnical unit incomp atible with the 
requirements; 
(b) the application describes the safety and environmental implications of the new 
technology and the measures taken in order to ensure that by comparison with the requirements from which exemption is sought, at least an equivale nt level of safety 
and environmental protection is ensured; 
(c) test descriptions and resu lts are presented which prove th at the condition in point (b) 
is met.  
3. Pending the decision on authorisation by the Commission, the approval authority may 
grant a provisional approval, valid only in the territory of that Memb er State, in respect 
of a type of vehicle covered by the exem ption sought. The appr oval authority shall 
inform the Commission and the other Member States thereof without delay by means of 
a file containing the informati on referred to in paragraph 2. 
4. Other approval authorities may decide to accep t the provisional approval referred to in 
paragraph 3 on their territory.  
EN 41   EN 5. The granting of an exemption for new technologies or new concepts shall be subject to 
authorisation by the Commission in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 55(2). 
6. Where appropriate, the decision on authorisation shall also speci fy whether its validity is 
subject to any restrictio ns. In all cases, the validity of the approval shall not be less than 
36 months. 
If the Commission decides to refuse auth orisation, the approva l authority shall 
immediately give notice to the holder of the provisional type-appr oval referred to in 
paragraph 3 that the provisiona l approval will be revoked six m onths after the date of the 
Commission's decision. 
However, vehicles manufactured in conform ity with the provisional approval before it 
was revoked shall be permitted to be registered, sold or enter service in any Member State that accepted the provisional approval. 
Article 27 
Action required 
1. Where the Commission authorised the granti ng of an exemption pursuant to Article 26, 
it shall immediately take the necessary steps to  adapt the delegated acts or requirements 
concerned to technological developments. 
Where the exemption pursuant to Article 26 relates to a UNECE Regulation, the 
Commission shall propose an amendment to the relevant UNECE Regulation in 
accordance with the procedure applicab le under the Revised 1958 Agreement. 
2. As soon as the relevant acts or requireme nts have been amended, any restriction 
attaching to the exemption shall be lifted. 
If the necessary steps to adapt the delegated acts or requirements have not been taken, 
the validity of an exemption may be extende d, at the request of the Member State which 
granted the approval, by a Commission d ecision adopted in accordance with the 
procedure referred to in Article 55(2). 
CHAPTER X 
VEHICLES PRODUCED IN SMALL SERIES 
Article 28 
National type-approval of small series 
1. The manufacturer may request a national type  approval of small series of a type of 
vehicle within the quantitative limits  set out in Part 1 of Annex II.  
EN 42   EN For such an approval the national authorit y may, if it has reasonable grounds to do so, 
wave one or more of the provisions of one  or more of the act s listed in Annex I , 
provided that it has laid dow n alternative requirements. 
2. The alternative requirements referred to in paragraph 1 shall ensure a level of road 
safety, environmental protection, and occupati onal safety which is equivalent to the 
greatest extent practicable to the level provided for by the rele vant act listed in Annex I. 
3. For the purpose of type-approval of vehicles under this Article, systems, components or 
separate technical units  which are type-approved in accordance with the acts listed in 
Annex I shall be accepted. 
4. The type-approval certificate shall specify the content of the waivers granted pursuant to 
paragraph 1. For the purposes of this article, th e type-approval certifica te shall be drafted 
in accordance with the model set out in impl ementing legislation but shall not bear the 
heading "EU vehicle type-approval certificate ". Type-approval cer tificates shall be 
numbered in accordance with this regulation. 
5. The validity of the type-approval shall be restricted to the territory of the Member State 
the approval authority of which granted the approval. 
6. However, if the manufacturer so requests, a copy of the type-approval certificate and its 
attachments shall be sent by registered mail or by electronic mail to the approval 
authorities of the Member States  designated by the manufacturer. 
7. Within 60 days of receipt, the approval author ities of the Member States designated by 
the manufacturer shall decide whether or no t they accept the type-approval. They shall 
formally communicate that decision to the ap proval authority referred to in the first 
subparagraph. 
8. A type-approval shall not be refused unles s the approval authority has reasonable 
grounds to believe that the technical provi sions according to which the vehicle was 
approved are not equivalent to its own. 
9. On request of an applicant who wishes to sell , register or put into service a vehicle in 
another Member State, the approval authority  that granted the appr oval shall provide the 
applicant with a copy of the type-approval ce rtificate includ ing the information package. 
The national authority shall perm it the sale, registration or entry into service of this 
vehicle unless it has reasonable grounds to  believe that the technical provisions 
according to which the vehicle was appr oved are not equivalent to its own.  
EN 43   EN CHAPTER XI 
INDIVIDUAL APPROVALS 
Article 29 
Individual approvals 
1. An application for individual approval shal l be submitted by the manufacturer or by the 
owner of the vehicle. It may also be  submitted by a person, established in the 
Community, acting on behalf of the manuf acturer or the owner of the vehicle. 
2. In the individual approval procedure, approva l authorities shall certify that the vehicle 
satisfies the relevant administrative provisions and technical requirements. 
3. An individual approval shall apply to a part icular vehicle, whethe r it is unique or not. 
4. Applications for individual approval shall cover a maximum of 15 vehicles of the same 
type. 
5. This Article shall apply to vehi cles which at the ti me of the application for the individual 
approval had never obtained the administrative authorisation for the entry into service, 
involving its identification a nd the issuing of a registrati on number, including temporary 
or short-term registrations or  professional registration or pu t into service, or had only 
been registered or put into se rvice for less than six months. 
Article 30 
Exemptions for individual approvals 
1. An approval authority may exempt the vehicle from compliance with one or more of the 
acts listed in Annex I, provided that th e approval authority imposes alternative 
requirements and has reasonable grounds for such exemption. 
Alternative requirements must ensure a leve l of road safety, environmental protection, 
and occupational safety which is equivalent to the greatest extent practicable to the level 
provided for by the relevant act listed in Annex I. 
2. Approval authorities sha ll not carry out destructive tests.  They shall use any relevant 
information provided by the applicant esta blishing compliance with the alternative 
requirements. 
3. Approval authorities sh all accept any system, component or separate te chnical unit EU 
type-approval instead of the alternative requirements.  
EN 44   EN 4. The approval authority shall grant the individua l approval if the vehicle conforms to the 
description appended to the application and satisfies the applicable technical 
requirements and shall without delay issu e the individual appr oval certificate. 
The format of the individual approval certificate shall be based on the template of the 
EU type-approval certificate set out in Annex V and shall contain at least the information necessary to complete the a pplication for registration provided for in 
Council Directive 1999/37/EC
36. 
Individual approval ce rtificates shall not bear the h eading "EU vehicle approval". An 
individual approval certificate shall bear the vehicle identi fication number of the vehicle 
concerned. 
Article 31 
Validity and acceptance of individual approval  
1. The validity of an individual approval shall be  restricted to the territory of the Member 
State in which it was granted. 
2. Where an applicant wishes to sell, register or  put into service in another Member State a 
vehicle which has been granted an indivi dual approval, the approval authority that 
granted the approval shall, on request, prov ide the applicant with a statement of the 
technical provisions against which the vehicle was approved and any additional information stating in detail the nature of the technical requirements satisfied by that particular vehicle. 
3. With regard to a vehicle which has been gr anted an individual approval by a approval 
authority of one Member State in accordance with the provisions of Article 29, the other 
Member States shall permit that vehicle to be  sold, registered or to enter into service 
unless they have reasonable grounds to believe that the technical provisions against 
which the vehicle was approved ar e not equivalent to their own. 
4. At the request of the manufacturer or of th e owner of the vehicle,  approval authorities 
shall grant an individual approval to a vehicle which complies with the provisions of this 
Regulation,. In such a case, approval authorit ies shall accept the individual approval and 
shall permit the sale, registration and entry into service of the vehicle. 
Article 32 
Specific provisions 
1. The provisions of this Chapter may apply to vehicles which have b een type-approved in 
accordance with this Regulation and which ha ve been modified before their first 
registration or entr y into service. 
                                                
 
36 OJ L 138, 1.6.1999, p. 57.  
EN 45   EN 2. The procedure set out in this Chapter may apply to a particular vehicle during the 
successive stages of its completion in accordance with a multi-stage type-approval 
procedure. 
3. The procedure set out in this Chapter may not  replace an intermediate stage within the 
normal sequence of a multi-stage type-approv al procedure and may not apply for the 
purposes of obtaining the first- stage approval of a vehicle. 
CHAPTER XII 
REGISTRATION, SALE AND ENTRY INTO SERVICE 
Article 33 
Registration, sale and entry into service of vehicles 
1. Without prejudice to the provisi ons of Articles 36 and 37, ve hicles for which EU whole 
vehicle type approval is mandatory or for wh ich the manufacturer has obtained such type 
approval under this regulation sh all only be registered, sold or entered into service if 
they are accompanied by a valid certificate of  conformity issued in accordance with 
Article 24. 
In the case of incomplete vehicles, the sale of such vehicles is permitted, but the 
competent authorities of the Member States  may refuse the permanent registration and 
entry into service of such vehicles for such  time as the vehicles remain incomplete. 
2. As regards small-series vehicl es, the number of vehicles regi stered, sold or entered into 
service in the course of a singl e year shall not exceed the numb er of units set out in Part 
1 of Annex II. 
3. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to vehicles in tended for use by the armed forces, civil 
protection, fire-fighting or publ ic order services or to vehicles type-approved in 
accordance with Articles 28 or 32. 
Article 34 
Registration, sale and entry into service of end-of-series vehicles 
1. Subject to the limits set out in Part 2 of Annex II and to the time limit set out in 
paragraph 2, vehicles conforming to a type  of vehicle whose EU  type-approval is no 
longer valid may be registered, so ld and entered into service. 
The first subparagraph shall apply only to ve hicles within the territory of the Union 
which were covered by a valid EU type-a pproval at the time of  their production, but 
which had not been registered or put into service before that EU type-approval lost its 
validity.  
EN 46   EN 2. Paragraph 1 shall apply, in the case of comple te vehicles, for a period of twelve months 
from the date on which validity of the EU type-approval expired a nd, in the case of 
completed vehicles, for a period of eighteen months from that date. 
3. A manufacturer who wishes to benefit from the provisions of paragraph 1 shall submit a 
request to the competent authority of each Member State concerned by the entry into 
service of the vehicles in question. That re quest must specify any technical or economic 
reasons preventing those vehicl es from complying with the new technical requirements. 
The competent authorities concerned shall deci de, within three months of receiving the 
request, whether and in what number to perm it the registration of those vehicles within 
their territory. 
4. Member States shall ensure that the number of  vehicles to be regi stered or put into 
service in the framework of the procedure set out in this Article is are effectively monitored. 
5. This Article shall apply only to discontinuation due to termination of validity of the 
type-approval in the case referred to in Article 23(2)(a). 
Article 35 
Sale and entry into service of comp onents and separate technical units 
1. Components or separate technical units may only be sold and entered in to service if they 
comply with the requirements of the releva nt acts listed in Anne x 1 and are properly 
marked in accordance with Article 25. 
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply in the case of co mponents or separate technical units which 
are specifically constructed or designed fo r new vehicles not cove red by this Regulation. 
3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, Memb er States may permit the sale and entry 
into service of components or separate technical units whic h have been exempted from 
one or more provisions of this regulation in application of Article 26 or are intended for 
mounting on vehicles covered by approvals gr anted under Articles 28 or 29 that concern 
the component or separate technical unit in question. 
4. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, and unless otherwise provided for in a this 
regulation, Member States may permit the sale  and entry into serv ice of components or 
separate technical units whic h are intended for mounting on vehicles which, at the time 
of their entry into service, were not re quired by this Regula tion or by Directive 
2003/37/EC to be EU type-approved.  
EN 47   EN CHAPTER XIII 
SAFEGUARD CLAUSES 
Article 36 
Vehicles, systems, components or separate tec hnical units in complian ce with this Regulation 
1. If a national authority finds th at new vehicles, systems, components or separate technical 
units, albeit in compliance with the applicab le requirements or properly marked, present 
a serious risk to road  safety, seriously harm the envi ronment or public health or, for 
tractors, present a serious risk to occupational safety, that national authority may, for a maximum period of six months, refuse to regist er such vehicles or to permit the sale or 
entry into service in its territo ry of such vehicles, component s or separate technical units. 
In such cases, the national authority concerned shall immediately notify the 
manufacturer, the national authorities of th e other Member States and the Commission 
accordingly, stating the reasons on which its de cision is based and, in particular, whether 
it is the result of any of the following: 
(a) shortcomings in the relevant acts;  (b) incorrect application of the relevant requirements. 
2. The Commission shall, as soon as possibl e consult the parties concerned and, in 
particular, the approval author ity that granted the type-approval in order to prepare the 
decision. 
3. Where the measures referred to in paragraph 1 are attributed to shortcomings in the 
relevant acts, the Commission sha ll take the following measures : 
(a) where delegated acts are concerned, the Commission shall amend those acts 
accordingly; 
(b) where UNECE Regulations are con cerned, the Commission shall propose the 
necessary draft amendments to the rele vant UNECE Regulations in accordance 
with the procedure applicable under the Revised 1958 Agreement. 
4. Where the measures referred to in paragraph 1 are attributed to inco rrect application of 
the relevant requirements, the Commission sh all take the necessary steps in order to 
ensure that the approval authority concer ned complies with such requirements. The 
approval authorities of all Member States  shall be informed about such steps.  
EN 48   EN Article 37 
Vehicles, systems, components or separate techni cal units not in conformi ty with the approved 
type 
1. If new vehicles, systems, components or se parate technical units  accompanied by a 
certificate of conformity or bearing an approv al mark do not conform to the type it has 
approved, the national authority which has granted an EU ty pe-approval shall take the 
necessary measures, including the withdrawal of type-approval, to ensure that production vehicles, systems, co mponents or separate techni cal units, as the case may 
be, are brought into conformity with the approved type. It shall inform the approval 
authorities of the other Member States of the measures taken within 20 working days. 
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1, deviations fr om the particulars in the EU type-approval 
certificate or the information package shall be deemed to constitute failure to conform to the approved type. A vehicle shall not be d eemed to deviate from the approved type 
where tolerances are permitted by the relevant regulatory acts and those tolerances are respected. 
3. If a national approval authority of another Member State demonstrates that new vehicles, 
components or separate technical units accomp anied by a certificate of conformity or 
bearing an approval mark do not conform to  the approved type, it may ask the national 
authority which granted the EU type-appro val to verify that vehicles, systems, 
components or separate technical units in  production continue to conform to the 
approved type. On receipt of such a request, the national authority which granted the EU 
type-approval shall take the requisite action as soon as possible and in any case within 
60 working days of the date of the request. 
4. The approval authority shall request the national authority which granted the system, 
component, separate technical unit or incomplete vehicle EU  type-approval to take the 
necessary actions to ensure that vehicles in  production are brought back into conformity 
with the approved type in the following cases: 
(a) in relation to an EU vehicle type-appr oval, where the non-conformity of a vehicle 
is attributable exclusively to the non- conformity of a system, component or 
separate technical unit; 
(b) in relation to a multi-stage type-a pproval, where the non-conformity of a 
completed vehicle is attributable exclus ively to the non-confor mity of a system, 
component or separate technica l unit being part of the incomplete vehicle, or of the 
incomplete vehicle itself. 
On receipt of such a request, the national au thority concerned shall take the necessary 
actions, if necessary in conjunction with th e Member State making the request, as soon 
as possible and in any case within 60 wo rking days of the date of the request.  
EN 49   EN Where a failure to conform is established, the approval authority of the Member State 
which granted the system, component or sepa rate technical unit EU type-approval or the 
approval of the incomplete vehicle shall ta ke the measures set out in paragraph 1. 
5. The approval authorities shall inform each  other within 20 working days of any 
withdrawal of EU type-approval and of the reasons therefore. 
6. If the national authority that granted EU type-approval disputes the failure to conform 
notified to it, the Member States concerned shall endeavour to set tle the dispute. The 
Commission shall be kept informed and, where necessary, shall hold appropriate consultations with a view to reaching a settlement. 
Article 38 
Parts and equipment which pose a significant risk to the correct functioning of essential systems 
1. The sale, the offer for sale or entry into se rvice of parts or equipment which are capable 
of posing a significant risk to the correct functioning of systems that are essential for the 
safety of the vehicle or for its environmen tal performance, shall be prohibited, unless 
they have been authorised by an approval authority in accordance with paragraph 4 and 
Article 39 paragraphs 1 and 2. 
The Commission shall establish a list of such  parts or equipment in accordance with the 
procedure referred to in Article 57, taki ng account of available information on the 
following: 
(a) the seriousness of the risk to the safety  or environmental performance of vehicles 
fitted with parts and equi pment under consideration; 
(b) the effect on consumers and manufactur ers in the after-market of the imposition 
under this Article of a possi ble authorisation requiremen t on parts and equipment. 
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to original part s and equipment and to parts or equipment 
which are type-approved in accordance with th e provisions of one of the acts listed in 
Annex I, except where the approval relates to aspects other than those covered in 
paragraph 1. 
3. The Commission shall be delegated powers to adopt, where appropriate, in accordance 
with Article 57, a delegated act identifying th e parts and equipment referred to in the 
first subparagraph when placed on the market. 
4. The list referred to in the second subparagra ph of paragraph 1 may be updated and, to 
the extent necessary, the mode l and numbering system of the certificate referred to in 
paragraph 4 as well as aspect s relating to the procedure, the requirements which such 
parts must fulfil, the marking, packaging and the appropriate tests may be established in 
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 57.  
EN 50   EN 5. These requirements may be based on the acts  listed in Annex I or may consist of a 
comparison of the part or equipment with the performance of the original vehicle, or of 
any of its parts, as appropria te. In those cases, the require ments must ensure that the 
parts or equipment do not impair the functioni ng of those systems that are essential for 
the safety of the vehicle or its environmental performance. 
Article 39 
Parts and equipment which pose a significant risk to the correct functioning of essential systems 
– related requirements 
1. For the purposes of the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 of Article  38, the manufacturer 
of parts or equipment shall submit to the ap proval authority a test  report drafted by a 
designated technical service which certifies  that the parts or equipment for which 
authorisation is sough t comply with the requirements referred to in paragraph 3. The 
manufacturer may introduce only one appli cation per type per part with only one 
approval authority. 
The application shall include details con cerning the manufacturer of the parts or 
equipment, the type, identification and part numbers of the parts or equipment for which 
authorisation is sought, as we ll as the vehicle manufacturer's  name, type of vehicle and, 
if appropriate, years of construction or any other information permitting the identification of the vehicle for which the fitt ing of such parts or equipment is intended. 
When the approval authority is satisfied, ta king account of the test report and other 
evidence, that the parts or equipment in question comply with the requirements referred to in paragraph 3, it shall issue a certificat e to the manufacturer without delay. This 
certificate shall authorise the parts or equipment to be sold, offered for sale or fitted to vehicles in the Community subject to the second s ubparagraph of paragraph 2. 
2. The manufacturer shall inform without dela y the approval authority that issued the 
certificate of any change affecting the c onditions under which it was delivered. That 
approval authority shall decide whether the certificate has to be reviewed or reissued and 
whether further tests are necessary. 
The manufacturer shall be responsible for ensuring that the part s and equipment are 
produced and continue to be produced under the conditions under which the certificate 
was issued. 
3. Before delivering any authorisat ion, the approval authority sh all verify the existence of 
satisfactory arrangements and procedures for ensuring effective control of the 
conformity of production. 
Where the approval authority finds that the conditions for issuing the authorisation are 
no longer fulfilled, it shall request the manufact urer to take the n ecessary measures to 
ensure that the parts or equipment are brought back into conformity. If necessary, it shall 
withdraw the authorisation.  
EN 51   EN 4. Approval authorities from different Member States shall bring a ny disagreement in 
relation to the certificates referred to in pa ragraph 4 to the atten tion of the Commission. 
The Commission shall take the appropriate meas ures in order to solve the disagreement, 
including, where necessary, requiring the wit hdrawal of the author isation, after having 
consulted the approval authorities. 
5. As long as the list referred to in the sec ond subparagraph of para graph 1 has not been 
established, Member States may maintain national provisions dealing with parts and 
equipment which are capable of affecting th e correct functioning of systems that are 
essential for the safety of the vehicl e or its environmental performance. 
Article 40 
Recall of vehicles 
1. Where a manufacturer who has been granted an EU whole vehicle type-approval is 
obliged, in accordance w ith Regulation (EC) 765/200837,to recall vehicl es already sold, 
registered or put into service because 
– a system, component or separate technical un it fitted to the vehicle, whether or not 
duly approved in accordance with this Regulation, 
– or a part which is not subject to a ny specific requirements under type approval 
legislation presents a serious  risk to road safety, occ upational safety, public health 
or environmental protection, that manu facturer shall immediately inform the 
approval authority that granted the vehicle approval thereof. 
2. The manufacturer shall propose to  the approval authority a set of appropriate remedies to 
neutralise the risk referred to in paragra ph 1. The approval authority shall communicate 
the proposed measures to the approval author ities of the other Member States without 
delay. 
The approval authoritie s shall ensure that the measures  are effectively implemented in 
their respective territories. 
3. If the measures are considered to be insuffi cient by the approval au thority concerned or 
have not been implemented quickly enough, it shall inform the appr oval authority that 
granted the EU vehicle t ype-approval without delay. 
The approval authority that gr anted the EU vehicle type-app roval shall then inform the 
manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not propose and implement effective corrective 
measures, the approval authority which gran ted the EU type-approval shall take all 
protective measures required, including the w ithdrawal of the EU vehicle type-approval. 
In case of withdrawal of th e EU vehicle type-approval, the approval authority shall 
                                                 
37 OJ L 218 of 13.8.2008, p. 30.  
EN 52   EN notify the manufacturer, the a pproval authorities of the ot her Member States and the 
Commission by registered letter  or equivalent electronic m eans within 20 working days. 
Article 41 
Notification of decisions and remedies available 
All decisions taken pursuant to the provisions of this Regulation and all decisions 
refusing or withdrawing EU t ype-approval, or refusing regi stration or prohibiting sales, 
shall state in detail the reasons on which they are based. Any such decision shall be 
notified to the party concerned who shall, at the same time, be informed of the remedies 
available to him under the laws in force in the Member State con cerned and of the time 
limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies. 
CHAPTER XIV 
INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS 
Article 42 
UNECE Regulations required  for EU type-approval 
1. UNECE Regulations to which the Union ha s acceded and which are listed in Annex I 
shall be part of the EU type-a pproval of a vehicle in the sa me way as the delegated acts 
under this Regulations. They shall apply to the categories of vehicles listed in the 
relevant columns in the table of Annex I. 
2. When the Union has decided to apply on a compulsory basis a UNECE Regulation for 
the purpose of EU vehicle type -approval in accordance with  Article 4(4) of Council 
Decision 97/836/EC38, the annexes to this Regulation sh all be amended as appropriate in 
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 56(2) The act amending the annexes to this Regulation shall specify the dates of compulsory application of the UNECE Regulation or of its amendments. 
Article 43 
UNECE Regulations and EU type-approval of vehicles produced  in small series 
1. The UNECE Regulations listed in Annex I sha ll be considered as equivalent to the 
corresponding delegated acts in  as much as they share the same scope and subject 
matter. 
2. The approval authorities of the Member States shall accept approvals granted in 
accordance with those UNECE Regulations and, where applicable , the pertaining 
                                                
 
38 OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78.  
EN 53   EN approval marks, in lieu of the corresponding approvals and approval marks granted in 
accordance with this Regulation and its corresponding delegated acts. 
3. Where the Community has decided to appl y, for the purposes of paragraph 1, a new 
UNECE Regulation or a UNECE Regulation as  amended, Annex I shall be amended as 
appropriate, in accordance with the pr ocedure referred to in Article 56(2). 
Article 44 
Equivalence with other regulations 
1. The Council may, acting by qualified majo rity on a proposal from the Commission, 
recognise the equivalence between the conditio ns or provisions for EU type-approval of 
systems, components and separate technical units established by th is Regulation and the 
procedures established by inte rnational Regulations of thir d countries, in the framework 
of multilateral or bilateral agreements be tween the Community and third countries. 
2. The complete test reports issued on the basi s of the standardised OECD Codes listed in 
Annex I, approved according to the general rules of OE CD, may be used as an 
alternative to the test  reports drawn up under this Regulat ion or the separate Regulations. 
CHAPTER XV 
PROVISION OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION 
Article 45 
Information intended for users 
1. The manufacturer may not supply any technica l information related to the particulars 
provided for in this Regulation, its implementi ng acts or delegated acts listed in Annex I 
which diverges from the particulars approved by the approval authority. 
2. Where an implementing or delegated act listed in Annex I so provides, the manufacturer 
shall make available to users all relevant information and necessary instructions describing any special conditions  or restrictions linked to  the use of a vehicle, a 
component or a separa te technical unit. 
That information shall be supplied in the o fficial languages of th e Member State where 
the vehicle is to be sold. It shall be pr ovided, after acceptance by the approval authority, 
in the owner's manual.  
EN 54   EN Article 46 
Information intended for manufacturers of co mponents or separate technical units 
1. The vehicle manufacturer shall make availabl e to the manufacturers of components or 
separate technical units all particulars which are necessary  for EU type-approval of 
components or separate technical units, or ne cessary to obtain an  authorisation under 
Article 38 including, where applicable, drawings  listed in the dele gated act listed in 
Annex I. 
The vehicle manufacturer may impose a binding agreement on the manufacturers of 
components or separate technical units to pr otect the confidentiality  of any information 
which is not in the public domain, including in formation related to intellectual property 
rights. 
2. The manufacturer of components or separate technical units, in  his capacity as the holder 
of an EU type-approval certificate whic h, in accordance with Article 17(4), includes 
restrictions on use or special mounting conditions or both, sh all provide all the detailed 
information thereon to the vehicle manufacturer. 
Where a delegated act listed in Annex I so provides, the manufacturer of components or 
separate technical units shall provide, together with the com ponents or separate technical 
units produced, instructions re garding restrictions on use or  special mounting conditions 
or both. 
CHAPTER XVI 
Access to vehicle repair a nd maintenance information 
Article 47 
Manufacturers' obligations  
1. Manufacturers shall provide unrestricted and standardised access to vehicle repair and 
maintenance information to independent operators through websites in a readily 
accessible and prompt manner. In particular, this access should be granted in a manner 
which is non-discriminatory compared to  the provision given or  access granted to 
authorised dealers and repairers. 
This information shall include information required for fitting parts or equipment on 
vehicles. 
2. Manufacturers shall make training material  available to independent operators and 
authorised dealers and repairers. 
3. The information referred to in paragraph 1 shall include as a minimum all of the 
following:   
EN 55   EN  (a) the unequivocal vehi cle identification number; 
 (b) service handbooks including repa ir and maintenance records; 
 (c) technical manuals;  (d) component and diagnosis inform ation (such as minimum and maximum 
theoretical values for measurements); 
 (e) wiring diagrams;  (f) diagnostic trouble codes, incl uding manufacturer specific codes; 
 (g) the software calibration identificati on number applicable to a vehicle type; 
 (h) information provided concerning, and delivered by means of, proprietary tools 
and equipment; 
 (i) data record information and two- directional monitori ng and test data; 
 (j) work units. 
4. Authorised dealers or repairers within th e distribution system of a given vehicle 
manufacturer shall be regard ed as independent operators for the purposes of this 
Regulation to the extent that th ey provide repair or maintena nce services for vehicles in 
respect of which they are not members of th e vehicle manufacturer's distribution system. 
5. The vehicle repair and maintenance informa tion shall always be available, except as 
required for maintenance purposes of the information system. 
6. For the purposes of manufacture and servic ing of OBD-compatible replacement or 
service parts and diagnostic tools and test equipment, manufacturers shall provide the 
relevant OBD and vehicle repair and main tenance information on a non-discriminatory 
basis to any interested component, diagnostic tools or test equipm ent manufacturer or 
repairer. 
7. For the purposes of the design and manufactur e of automotive equipment for alternative 
fuel tractors, manufacturers shall provide the relevant OBD and vehicle repair and 
maintenance information on a non-discriminatory  basis to any interested manufacturer, 
installer or repairer of equipment for altern ative fuel vehicles. 
8. When applying for EU type approval or natio nal type approval, the manufacturer shall 
provide the approval authority wi th proof of compliance with this Regulation relating to 
the information required in this article. 
In the event that such information is not available, or does not conform to this 
Regulation and its implementing measures at that point in time, the manufacturer shall 
provide it within six months from  the date of type approval.  
EN 56   EN 9. If such proof of compliance is not provided within that period, the approval authority 
shall take appropriate measures to ensure compliance. 
10. The manufacturer shall make subsequent amen dments and supplements to vehicle repair 
and maintenance information available on its websites at the same time they are made 
available to authorised repairers. 
11. Where repair and maintenance records of a vehicle are kept in a central database of the 
vehicle manufacturer or on its behalf, inde pendent repairers shall have access free of 
charge to such records and shall be able to  enter information on repair and maintenance 
which they have performed. 
12. The Commission shall be delegated powers to  adopt in accordance with Article 57 a 
delegated act laying down the detailed requirements with regard to access to repair and maintenance information, in particular techni cal specifications relating to the way in 
which vehicle repair and maintena nce information shall be provided. 
Article 48 
Division of obligations with regard to  several holders of type-approval  
In case of step-by-step type approval, includ ing multistage type approval, the manufacturer 
responsible for the resp ective type approval sha ll also be responsible for communicating repair 
information relating to the particular system, com ponent, separate technical unit or the particular 
stage to both the final manufactur er and independent operators.  
The final manufacturer shall be responsible for communicating information about the whole 
vehicle to independent operators. 
Article 49 
Fees for access to vehicle re pair and maintenance information 
1. Manufacturers may charge reasonable and propor tionate fees for acce ss to vehicle repair 
and maintenance information covered by this Regulation. 
2. A fee shall not be reasonable or proportionate if it discourages access by failing to take 
into account the extent to which the indepe ndent operator uses it. Manufacturers shall 
make available vehicle repair and mainte nance information on a daily, monthly, and 
yearly basis, with fees for access to such information varying in accordance with the 
respective periods of time for which access is granted. 
Article 50 
Penalties  
1. Member States shall lay down the provisions on penalties applicable for infringement by 
manufacturers of the provisions of this Regul ation and shall take all measures necessary  
EN 57   EN to ensure that they are implemented. The pe nalties provided for must be effective, 
proportionate and dissuasive. Member Stat es shall notify those provisions to the 
Commission by [6 months afte r publication of this Regul ation] and shall notify it 
without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them. 
2. The types of infringements which are subject to a pena lty shall include: 
 (a) making false declarations during the a pproval procedures or procedures leading 
to a recall; 
 (b) falsifying test results for type  approval or in-service conformity; 
 (c) withholding data or technical specifi cations which could lead to recall or 
withdrawal of type approval; 
 (d) use of defeat devices;  (e) refusal to provide access to information. 
CHAPTER XVII 
DESIGNATION AND NOTIFI CATION OF TECHNICAL 
SERVICES 
Article 51  
Designation of technical services 
1. Technical services designated by national authorities for th e purposes of this Article 
shall comply with the provisions of this Regulation. 
2. The technical services shall carry out them selves or supervise the tests required for 
approval or inspections set out in this Regulatio n or in one of the acts listed in Annex I, 
except where alternative procedures are permitted. The technical services may not conduct tests or inspections for which they have not been duly designated. 
3. The technical services shall fall into one or more of the five following categories of 
activities, depending on their field of competence: 
(a) category A, technical services which carry out in their own facilities the tests 
referred to in this Regulation and in the acts listed in Annex I; 
(b) category B, technical services which supervise the tests referred to in this 
Regulation and in the acts listed in Anne x I, performed in the manufacturer's 
facilities or in the facilities of a third party;  
EN 58   EN (c) category C, technical services which assess and monitor on a regular basis the 
manufacturer's procedures for cont rolling conformity of production; 
(d) category D, technical services which supe rvise or perform tests or inspections in 
the framework of the surveillan ce of conformity of production; 
(e) category E, technical services in  charge of individual approvals. 
4. Technical services shall demonstrate appr opriate skills, specifi c technical knowledge 
and proven experience in the specific fields  covered by this Regulation and the acts 
listed in Annex I. Technical services shal l comply with the standards set up in the 
delegated act which are relevant for the act ivities they carry out. However, such 
compliance is not required for the purposes of the last stage of a multi-stage type-
approval procedure as referre d to in Article 32(1). 
5. An approval authority may be designated as a technical service for one or more of the 
activities referred to in paragraph 3. 
6. A manufacturer or a subcontrac ting party acting on his behalf  may only be designated as 
a technical service for category A activities wi th regard to the tec hnical requirements for 
which self-testing is allowed in a dele gated act adopted under this regulation. 
7. Technical services, other than those designa ted in accordance with  paragraph 6, of a 
third country may be notified for the purposes  of Article 53 only in  the framework of a 
bilateral agreement between the Unio n and the third country in question. 
8. The Commission shall be delegated powers to  adopt in accordance with Article 57 a 
delegated act laying down the standards with which the technical services have to comply and the procedure for the assessment of technical services in order to ensure that 
these services meet the same high level of performance standards in all Member States. 
Article 52 
Assessment of the skills of  the technical services 
1. The skills referred to in Article 51 shal l be demonstrated by an assessment report 
established by a competent authority. This may include a certificate of accreditation 
issued by an accreditation body. 
2. The assessment on which the report referred to in para graph 1 is based shall be 
conducted in accordance with the provisions la id down in a delegated act in accordance 
with Article 51 (8) under this regulation. The assessment report shall be reviewed after a 
maximum period of three years. 
3. The assessment report shall be communi cated to the Commission upon request. 
4. The approval authority which intends to be  designated as a technical service shall 
demonstrate compliance through documentar y evidence. This documentary evidence  
EN 59   EN may consist in an assessment conducted by au ditors independent of the activity being 
assessed. Such auditors may be from within the same organisation provided that they are managed autonomously from personnel undertaking the assessed activity. 
5. A manufacturer or a subcontra cting party acting on his behalf, designated as a technical 
service, shall comply with the rele vant provisions of this Article. 
Article 53 
Procedures for notification 
1. Member States shall notify to the Comm ission the name, the address including 
electronic address, the responsible persons a nd the category of activit ies with respect to 
each designated technical service. They shal l notify it of any subsequent modifications 
thereto. The notification act shall state in re spect of which subjects listed in Annex I the 
technical services have been designated. 
2. A technical service may conduct the activities referred to in Article  50 for the purposes 
of type-approval for the Member State whic h designated it only if it has been notified 
beforehand to the Commission. 
3. The same technical service may be designa ted and notified by seve ral Member States 
irrespective of the category of activities which it conducts. 
4. Where a specific organisation or competent body,  the activity of which is not included in 
those referred to in Article 51, needs to be designated in application of an act listed in 
Annex I the notification shall be  made in accordance with the provisions of this Article. 
5. The Commission shall publish on its web-site a list and de tails regarding the approval 
authorities and t echnical services. 
CHAPTER XVIII 
IMPLEMENTING MEASURES AND DELEGATION  
Article 54 
Implementing measures  
In order to lay down uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation the 
Commission shall, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 55, adopt 
implementing acts laying down the following implementing measures:  
1. the details of the arrangements with regard  to type-approval procedures in accordance 
with Article 10 (6) of this Regulation;  
EN 60   EN 2. templates for the information folder and th e information document in accordance with 
Article 12 (1) of this Regulation; 
3. a numbering system of EU type-approval certif icates in accordance with Article 15 of 
this Regulation; 
4. a template for a type-approval certificate in  accordance with Artic le 15(5) of this 
Regulation; 
5. a template for the list of system, component or separate technical unit EU type-approvals 
in accordance with Article 16 (5) of this Regulation; 
6. a template of the list of applicable require ments or regulatory acts in accordance with 
Article 16(6) of this Regulation; 
7. the details of the arrangements with rega rd to conformity of production in accordance 
with Article 19 of this Regulation; 
8. the template of a certificat e of conformity in accordance with Article 24 of this 
Regulation; 
9. the model of the EU type-approval mark in accordance with Article 25 of this 
Regulation; 
Article 55 
Committee 
1. The Commission shall be assisted by a co mmittee referred to as the "Technical 
Committee – Agricultural  Vehicles" (TC-AV). 
2. Where reference is made to this pa ragraph, Article 5 and Article 7 of 
Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof. 
The period referred to in Arti cle 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/ EC shall be set at three 
months. 
3. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure. 
Article 56 
Amendment of the Annexes 
1. The Commission may adopt, by means of dele gated acts in accordance with Articles 57, 
58 and 59 amendments to the Annexes of this Regulation. 
2. When, in application of Decision 97/836/EC , new UNECE Regulations or amendments 
to existing UNECE Regulations to whic h the Union has acceded are adopted, the  
EN 61   EN Commission shall, by means of delegated act in accordance with Articles 57, 58 and 59, 
amend Annex I to this Regulation accordingly. 
Article 57 
Exercise of the Delegation 
1. The powers to adopt the delegated acts referred to  in Articles 7 (4), 8 (4), 9 (5), 18 (7), 
38 (1), (2) and (3), 47 (10), 51 (8) and 56 shall be conferred on the Commission for an 
indeterminate period of time. 
2. As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the 
European Parliament and to the Council. 
3. The powers to adopt delegated acts are c onferred on the Commission subject to the 
conditions laid down in Article 58 and 59. 
Article 58 
Revocation of the delegation 
1. The delegation of power referred to in Articles 7 (4), 8 (4), 9 (5), 18 (7), 38 (1), (2) and 
(3), 47 (10), 51 (8) and 56 may be revoked at any time by the European  Parliament or by 
the Council. 
2. The institution which has commenced an internal procedure for deciding whether to 
revoke the delegation of power shall endeavour to inform the other institution and the 
Commission within a reasonable time before th e final decision is taken, indicating the 
delegated powers which could be subject to revocation and possible reasons for a 
revocation. 
3. The decision of revocation shall put an end to the delegation of the powers specified in 
that decision. It shall take effect immediately or at a la ter date specified therein. It shall 
not affect the validity of the delegated acts al ready in force. It shal l be published in the 
Official Journal of the European Union. 
Article 59 
Objections to delegated acts 
1. The European Parliament and the Council ma y object to the delegated act within a 
period of two months from the date of notif ication. At the initiative of the European 
Parliament or the Council this pe riod shall be extended by one month.  
2. If, on expiry of that period, neither the European Parliament nor the Council has 
objected to the delegate d act, or if, before that date, the European Parliament and the 
Council have both informed the Commission that they have de cided not to raise 
objections, the delegated act sha ll enter into force at the date stated in its provisions.  
EN 62   EN 3. If the European Parliament or the Council ob jects to the adopted delegated act, it shall 
not enter into force. The institution which obj ects shall state the reasons for objecting to 
the delegated act. 
CHAPTER XIX 
FINAL PROVISIONS 
Article 60 
Transitional provisions 
1. This Regulation shall not invalidate any EC type-approval granted to vehicles or to 
systems, components or separate technical uni ts before the date laid down in Article 64 
(2). 
2. Approval authorities shall continue to grant extension of approvals  to those vehicles, 
systems, components or separate techni cal units under the terms of Directive 
2003/37/EC and any of the directiv es listed in Article 56 (2). 
Article 61 
Report 
1. No later than 1 January 2018, Member Stat es shall inform the Commission of the 
application of the type-appr oval procedures laid down in this Regulation and, in 
particular, of the application of the multi-stage process. 
2. On the basis of the information supplied under paragraph 1, the Commission shall report 
to the European Parliament an d the Council on the application of this Regulation no later 
than 1 January 2019. 
Article 62 
Repeal 
1. Directive 2003/37/EC as well as Dir ectives 74/347/EEC, 76/432/EEC, 76/763/EEC, 
77/537/EEC, 78/764/EEC, 80/720/EEC, 86/297/EEC, 86/298/EEC, 86/415/EEC, 
87/402/EEC, 2000/25/EC, 2009/57/EC, 2009/58/EC, 2009/59/EC, 2009/60/EC, 
2009/61/EC, 2009/63/EC, 2009/64/EC, 2009/66/EC, 2009/68/EC; 2009/75/EC, 
2009/76/EC, 2009/144/EC are repealed w ith effect from 1 January 2014. 
2. References to the repealed Directives shall be  construed as references to this Regulation 
and shall be read, as regards Directive 2003/ 37/EC, in accordance with the correlation 
table set out in Annex III.  
EN 63   EN Article 63 
Amendment to Directive 2006/42/EC 
The first indent of point (e) of paragraph 2 of Article 1 of Directive 2006/42/EC is replaced by 
the following: 
“- agricultural and forestry tractors, with the exclusion of machinery mounted on those vehicles,”. 
Article 64 
Entry into force 
1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its 
publication in the Official J ournal of the European Union. 
2. It shall apply from 1 January 2014. 
This Regulation shall be binding in  its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. 
Done at Brussels, […] 
For the European Parliament For the Council 
The President The President [...] [. 
EN 64   EN ANNEX  I - List of requirements for the purposes of vehicle EU type-approval  
Vehicle categories Nr. Article Subject Document 
reference MV 
T1 T2 T3 T 4.1 T 4.2 T 4.3 T 5 C R S 
1 7.2(a) Fuel tank   X X X X X X X I NA NA
2 7.2(b) Maximum speed   X X X X X X X I NA NA
3 7.2(b) Braking devices  -/Y X X X X X X X X X X 
4 7.2(b) Stability   NA NA NA X NA NA X NA NA NA
5 7.2(b) Steering ECE 79 REV2  Y X X X X X X X X NA NA
6 7.2(b) Trailer brake 
coupling   X X X X X X X I X X 
7 7.2(b) Speed governor   X X X X X X X I NA NA
8 7.2(b) Speed limitation 
devices   NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA NA NA
9 7.2(b) Reverse and 
speedometer   NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA NA NA
10 7.2(c) Field of vision 
and windscreen 
wipers ECE 71  Y X X X X X X X I NA NA
11 7.2(c) Glazing ECE 43 Rev2 
Am3 Sup11  X X X X X X NA I NA NA
12 7.2(c) Glazing (T5) 92/22/EEC X NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA NA NA
13 7.2(c) Rear-view 
mirrors    X X  NA X X X X I NA NA
14 7.2(d) Lighting and light 
signalling devices ECE 1 Rev4 
Am5;  ECE 3 Rev3 
Am1 Sup11; 
ECE 4 Rev4 Sup14;  
ECE 6 Rev4 
Sup17;  ECE 7 Rev4 
Sup15;  
ECE 8 Rev4; ECE 19 Rev5 
Sup1;  Y X X X X X X X X X X  
EN 65   EN ECE 20 Rev3; 
ECE 23 Rev2 
Sup15;  ECE 38 Rev2 
Sup14;  
ECE 98 Rev1 Sup11 
15 7.2(d) Lighting 
installation ECE 86 Am3 
Sup4  X X X X X X X I X X 
16 7.2(g) Electro-magnetic 
compatibility ECE 10 Rev3 Y X X X X X X X I NA NA
17 7.2(h) Audible warning 
device ECE 28 Am3 Y X X X X X X X I NA NA
18 7.2(k) Registration plate   X X X X X X X I X X 
19 7.2(k) Statutory plate   X X X X X X X  X X 
20 7.2(l) Dimensions and 
trailer mass   X X X X X X X I X X 
21 7.2(l) Maximum laden 
mass   X X X X X X X X X X 
22 7.2(l) Ballast masses   X X  NA X X X X I NA NA
23 7.2(n) Rear protective 
structures   NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA
24 7.2(o) Lateral protection   NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA X NA
25 7.2(p) Load platforms   X X X X X X X I NA NA
26 7.2(q) Coupling and 
reversing devices   X X X X X X X I NA NA
27 7.2(r) Controls   X X X X X X X I NA NA
28 7.2(s) Tyres ECE 106 Am5 
Sup6  X X X X X X X NA X X 
29 7.2(t) Electro-magnetic 
compatibility ECE 10 Rev3 Y X X X X X X X I NA NA
30 8.2(a) ROPS OECD Code 3, 
2010  X NA NA X X X X NA NA NA
31 8.2(a) ROPS OECD Code 8, 
2010  NA NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA NA 
EN 66   EN 32 8.2(a) ROPS (static 
testing) OECD Code 4, 
2010  X X X X X X X X NA NA
33 8.2(a) ROPS, Front-
mounted (narrow-
track tractors) OECD Code 6, 
2010  X X X NA NA NA X X NA NA
34 8.2(a) ROPS, Rear-
mounted (narrow-track tractors) OECD Code 7, 
2010  NA NA NA NA NA NA X NA NA NA
35 8.2(b) FOPS, Falling 
Objects 
Protection 
System OECD Code 
10, 2010  X X X X X X X I NA NA
36 8.2(c) Passenger seats   X  X X X X X I NA NA
37 8.2(d) Sound levels 
(internal)   X X X X X X X X NA NA
38 8.2(e) Driving seat   X X X X X X X I NA NA
39 8.2(f) Operating space, 
access to the 
driving position   X  X X X X X I NA NA
40 8.2(g) Power take-offs   X X X X X X X X NA NA
41 8.2(i) Protection of 
drive components   X X X X X X X X NA NA
42 8.2(j) Seat-belt 
anchorages OECD Codes 3, 
4, 6, 7, 8; 2010  X X X X X X X X NA NA
43 8.2(k) Safety belts   X X X X X X X X NA NA
44 8.2(l) OPS, Protection 
against 
penetrating objects   X X X X X X X I NA NA
45 8.2(m) Hazardous 
substances   X X X X X X X X NA NA 
46 8.2(n) Operators manual    X X X X X X X X X X 
47 9.2(a) Pollutant 
emissions 97/68/EC  X X X X X X X X NA NA
48 9.2(b) Sound level 
(external) ECE 51 Rev1 
Am4 Y X X X X X X X I NA NA 
EN 67   EN Legend: 
X = applicable I = same as for T according to the category Y = the relevant regulatory acts for mo tor vehicles are accepted as equivalent 
NA = not applicable MV = relevant Directives for motor vehicles  under Directive 2007/46/EC  can be applied as 
equivalent.  
EN 68   EN ANNEX  II - Limits for small series and for end-of-series vehicles  
Part 1 - Limits for small series 
The number of units within a type to be register ed, placed on sale or put into service per year 
in each Member State shall not exceed the va lue shown below for the vehicle category in 
question. 
Category Units (for each type) 
T 150 
C 50 
R 75 
S 50 
 
Part 2 - Limits for end-of-series vehicles 
The maximum number of vehicles of one or severa l types entering service in each Member State, 
in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 14, must not exceed 10 % of the number 
of vehicles of all the types concerned which en tered service in the two preceding years in the 
Member State in question; howev er, it may not be less than 20. 
Vehicles entering service in accordance with this  procedure shall be identified by a specific 
reference on the certificate of conformity.  
EN 69   EN ANNEX  III - Correlation table  
(referred to in Article 56) 
Directive 2003/37/EC This Regulation 
- Article 1 
Article 1 Article 2 
Article 2 Article 3 
Article 3 Articles 10, 11 
Article 4 Article 12 
Article 5 Articles 18 – 21 
Article 6 Articles 23, 24 
Article 7 Articles 31 – 33 
Article 8 (1) 
Article 8 (2) Article 25 (1) 
Articles 27, 28, 32 
Article 9 Articles 27, 28 
Article 10 Article 32 
Article 11 Articles 25, 26 
Article 12 Articles 40, 41 
Article 13 Articles 5, 12, 16 
Article 14 Articles 35 (5) 
Article 15 Chapter XII 
Article 16 Article 35 (2) 
Article 17 Article 35 (3) 
Article 18 Article 38 
Article 19 Article 48  
EN 70   EN Article 20 Article 49 
Article 21 Article 4 + Chapter VII 
Article 22 - 
Article 23 Article 2 (3) 
Article 24 Article 56 
- Article 57 
Article 25 Article 58 
Article 26 -