APPENDIX TABLES China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 185 
 
 
  Table AI.1 
Merchandise exports by group of products, 2007-11 
(US$ billion and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total  exports (US$ billion) 1,220.1 1,430. 7 1,201.6 1, 577.8 1,898.6 
(% of total) 
       Exports under processing trade 50.6 47.2 48.8 46.9 44.0 
Total primary products 6.7 6.8 6.3 6.3 6.5 
   Agriculture 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.4 
      Food 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.9 
      Agricultural raw material 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 
   Mining 3.5 3.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 
      Ores and other minerals 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 
      Non-ferrous metals 1.6 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 
      Fuels 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.7 
Manufactures 93.1 93.1 93.6 93.6 93.3 
   Iron and steel 4.2 5.0 2.0 2.5 2.9 
   Chemicals 4.9 5.5 5.2 5.5 6.0 
   Other semi-manufactures 7.7 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.7 
   Machinery and transport equipment 47.4 47.1 49.2 49.5 47.5 
      Power generating machines 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 
      Other non-electrical machinery 5.6 6.4 6.0 5.9 6.2 
      Office machines & telecommun ication equipment 28.5 26.7 28.8 28.5 26.2 
         7522 Data processing machin es, with at least processing, input and 
output units 5.5 5.2 6.1 6.4 5.8 
         7643 Radio or television tr ansmission apparatus 3.0 2.7 3.3 3.0 3.3 
         7649 Parts and accessories for a pparatus of division 76  3.0 2.9 2. 9 3.0 2.9 
         7763 Diodes, transistors, etc. 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.9 1.8 
         7764 Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.8 
         7599 Parts and accessories of 751.1, 751.2, 751.9 and 752 2.7 2. 2 2.2 2.0 1.6 
         7611 Colour televi sion receivers 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 
         7638 Sound/video recording/ reproducing apparatus 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.3 1.1 
         7513 Photo copying apparatus with optical system, thermo-copying 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 
         7523 Digital processing units containing:  storage, input or output units 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 
      Other electrical machines 7.5 7.5 7.7 7.9 7.7 
         7712 Other electric power machinery; parts of 771 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 
      Automotive products 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.0 
         7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 722, 781 to 783 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 
      Other transport equipment 3.0 3.3 3.7 4.3 4.3 
         7932 Ships, boats, etc. (excl. pleasure craft, tugs, etc.) 0.9 1.2 2.1 2.3 2.0 
   Textiles 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.9 5.0 
   Clothing 9.5 8.4 8.9 8.2 8.1 
         8453 Jerseys, pullovers, cardiga ns, etc., knitted/crochete d 1.3 1.1 1. 2 1.1 1.1 
         8442 Suits, ensembles, jackets, dresses, etc. 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 
   Other consumer goods 14.9 15.0 15.9 15.7 16.0 
         8719 Liquid crystal devices, n.e.s.; lasers (excl. laser diodes) 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 
         8211 Seats (excl. of 872.4), and parts 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 
         8513 Footwear, n.e.s., rubber or  plastic soles and uppers 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 
         8973 Jewellery of gold, silver or pl atinum metals (except watches) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.9 
Other 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 
Source :  UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3);  and General Ad ministration of Customs (2011), China's Customs 
Statistics:  Monthl y Exports & Imports , 12, Series No. 268. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 186 
  
  Table AI.2 
Merchandise imports by group of products, 2007-11 
(US$ billion and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total imports (US$ billion) 956.1 1,132.6 1,005. 6 1,396.0 1,743.5 
(% of total) 
     Imports under processing trade 38.5 33.4 32.1 29.9 26.9 
Total primary products 28.9 34.8 32.5 34.6 37.9 
   Agriculture 6.8 7.7 7.6 7.8 8.3 
      Food 3.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3 
         2222 Soya beans 1.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 
      Agricultural raw material 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.5 4.0 
   Mining 22.0 27.2 24.9 26.9 29.6 
      Ores and other minerals 7.6 9.4 8.8 9.8 10.6 
         2815 Iron ores and concentrat es, not agglomerated 3.2 5.0 4.7 5.4 .. 
         2882 Other non-ferrous base meta l waste and scrap, n.e.s. 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 .. 
         2831 Copper ores and concentrates 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 
      Non-ferrous metals 3.4 2.8 3.8 3.5 3.2 
         6821 Copper anodes; alloys; unwrought 1.2 1.0 1.7 1.8 .. 
      Fuels 11.0 14.9 12.3 13.5 15.8 
         3330 Crude oils of petroleum and bituminous minerals 8.4 11.4 8.9 9.7 .. 
         3212 Other coal, whether or pul verized, not agglomerated 0.1 0.2 0.8 1.1 .. 
Manufactures 70.9 64.8 67.1 64.1 .. 
   Iron and steel 2.5 2.4 2.6 1.8 1.6 
   Chemicals 11.2 10.5 11.1 10.7 10.4 
   Other semi-manufactures 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 
   Machinery and transport equipment 43.2 39.0 40.6 39.4 36.2 
      Power generating machines 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 .. 
      Other non-electrical machinery 7.5 7.3 7.0 7.3 .. 
         7284 Machinery and appliances for pa rticular industries, n.e.s. 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 .. 
      Office machines & telecommun ication equipment 23.7 20.5 21.3 19.9 .. 
         7764 Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies 13.4 11.4 12.0 11.3 .. 
         7649 Parts and accessories for a pparatus of division 76  2.6 2.2 2.3 1.9 .. 
         7527 Storage units for data processing 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 .. 
         7599 Parts and accessories of 751.1, 751.2, 751.9 and 752 1.8 1. 4 1.4 1.4 .. 
         7763 Diodes, transistors, etc. 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 .. 
      Other electrical machines 6.6 6.0 6.1 5.7 .. 
         7722 Printed circuits 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 .. 
         7725 Switches, relays, fuses etc. fo r a voltage not exceeding 1, 000 V 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 .. 
         7712 Other electric power machinery; parts of 771 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 .. 
      Automotive products 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.8 .. 
         7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, n.e.s. 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.1 .. 
         7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 722, 781 to 783 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3 .. 
      Other transport equipment 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.8 .. 
   Textiles 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.1 
   Clothing 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 
   Other consumer goods 8.9 8.4 8.3 7.9 .. 
         8719 Liquid crystal devices, n.e.s.; lasers (excl. laser diodes) 4.7 4.3 3.8 3.7 .. 
Other 0.3 0.4 0.3 1.3 .. 
.. Not available. 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2011), China's Customs 
Statistics:  Monthl y Exports & Imports , 12, Series No. 268. 
 
 China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 187 
 
 
  Table AI.3 
Merchandise exports by destination, 2007-11 
(US$ billion and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total exports (US$ billion) 1, 220.1 1,430.7 1,201. 6 1,577.8 1,898.6 
(% of total) 
  America 24.9 24.2 24.6 25.2 24.9 
    United States 19.1 17.7 18.4 18.0 17.1 
    Other America 5.8 6.5 6.2 7.2 7.8 
      Brazil 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.7 
      Canada 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 
      Mexico 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 
  Europe 21.6 21.9 21.0 21.0 20.1 
    EU(27) 20.1 20.5 19.7 19.7 18.8 
      Germany 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.0 
      The Netherlands 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 
      United Kingdom 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.3 
      Italy 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.8 
      France 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.6 
    EFTA 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 
    Other Europe 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 
  Commonwealth of Independent St ates (CIS) 3.9 4.5 3.2 3.4 3.5 
      Russian Federation 2.3 2.3 1.5 1.9 2.0 
  Africa 3.1 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.9 
  Middle East 3.6 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.2 
      United Arab Emirates 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.4 
  Asia 42.8 41.7 43.0 42.6 43.5 
    Japan 8.4 8.1 8.1 7.7 7.8 
    Six East Asian Traders 26.6 25.2 25.2 24.9 25.0 
      Hong Kong, China 15.1 13.3 13.8 13.8 14.1 
      Korea, Rep. of 4.6 5.2 4.5 4.4 4.4 
      Singapore 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.1 1.9 
      Chinese Taipei 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.8 
      Malaysia 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 
      Thailand 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 
    Other Asia 7.9 8.4 9.6 10.1 10.6 
      India 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 
      Australia 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 
      Indonesia 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 
      Viet Nam 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 
Memorandum: 
APEC 63.7 61.0 61.6 61.2 61.3 
ASEAN 7.8 8.0 8.8 8.8 9.0 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2011), China's Customs 
Statistics:  Monthl y Exports & Imports , 12, Series No. 268. WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 188 
  
  Table AI.4 
Merchandise imports by origin, 2007-11 
(US$ billion and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total imports (US$ billion) 956.1 1,132.6 1,005. 6 1,396.0 1,743.5 
(% of total) 
  America 13.8 14.6 15.3 15.0 15.2 
    United States 7.3 7.2 7.7 7.4 7.0 
    Other America 6.5 7.4 7.6 7.6 8.1 
      Brazil 1.9 2.6 2.8 2.7 3.0 
      Chile 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 
      Canada 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 
  Europe 12.5 12.7 13.9 13.8 14.1 
    EU(27) 11.6 11.7 12.7 12.1 12.1 
      Germany 4.7 4.9 5.5 5.3 5.3 
      France 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 
    EFTA 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.8 
      Switzerland 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.6 
    Other Europe 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 
  Commonwealth of Independent St ates (CIS) 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.8 
      Russian Federation 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.3 
  Africa 3.8 4.9 4.3 4.8 5.3 
      South Africa 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.8 
      Angola 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.4 
  Middle East 5.0 7.1 5.6 6.2 7.7 
      Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1.8 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.8 
      Iran Islamic Rep. 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.7 
  Asia 53.0 49.5 49.2 49.5 46.6 
    Japan 14.0 13.3 13.0 12.7 11.2 
    Six East Asian Traders 30.0 27.0 27.1 26.8 23.9 
      Korea, Rep. of 10.9 9.9 10.2 9.9 9.3 
      Chinese Taipei 10.6 9.1 8.5 8.3 7.2 
      Malaysia 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.6 
      Thailand 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.2 
      Singapore 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 
    Other Asia 9.0 9.1 9.1 10.0 11.5 
      Australia 2.7 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.7 
      Indonesia 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8 
      India 1.5 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.3 
      Philippines 2.4 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.0 
  Other 9.0 8.2 8.6 7.8 7.4 
      Free zones 9.0 8.2 8.6 7.7 7.0 
Memorandum: 
APEC 72.3 67.5 69.0 67.6 64.3 
ASEAN 11.3 10.3 10.6 11.1 11.1 
Source :  UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2011), China's Customs 
Statistics:  Monthl y Exports & Imports , 12, Series No. 268. China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 189 
 
 
  Table AI.5 
Trade in services, 2007-10 
(US$ billion and %)  
    2007 2008 2009 2010 
Exports (US$ billion) 122. 2  147.1  129.5  171.2  
(% of total exports) 
Transportation 25.6  26.1  18.2  20.0  
Travel 30.4  27.7  30.7  26.8  
Communication 1.0  1.1  0.9  0.7  
Construction 4.4  7.0  7.3  8.5  
Insurance 0.7  1.0  1.2  1.0  
Financial 0.2  0.2  0.3  0.8  
Computer and information 3.5  4.3  5.0  5.4  
Royalties and licences fees 0.2  0.4  0.3  0.5  
Research and development 9.5  12.3  14.4  13.3  
Advertising and pub lic opinion polling 1.6  1.5  1.8  1.7  
Audio visual and related 0.2  0.3  0.1  0.1  
Other business 22.0  17.7  19.1  20.8  
Government 0.5  0.5  0.7  0.6  
Imports (US$ billion) 130. 1  158.9  158.9  193.4  
(% of total imports) 
Transportation 33.3  31.7  29.3  32.7  
Travel 22.9  22.8  27.5  28.4  
Communication 0.8  0.9  0.8  0.6  
Construction 2.2  2.8  3.7  2.6  
Insurance 8.2  8.0  7.1  8.2  
Financial 0.5  0.4  0.4  0.7  
Computer and information 1.7  2.0  2.0  1.6  
Royalties and licences fees 6.3  6.5  7.0  6.7  
Research and development 8.4  8.5  8.4  7.8  
Advertising and pub lic opinion polling 1.0  1.2  1.3  1.0  
Audio visual and related 0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  
Other business 14.0  14.5  11.8  8.9  
Government 0.7  0.6  0.5  0.6  
Source:  State Administration of Foreign exchange online in formation.  Viewed at:  http://www.safe.gov.cn 
[13 March 2012]. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
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  Table AII.1 
China's major trade-related laws and regulations, September 2011 
Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Foreign trade, exchange restrictions, and foreign investment    
Foreign Trade Law (G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4) 6 Apr 2004 1 July 2004 12 May 1994 
Regulations on Origin of Import and Export Goods  1 Jan 2005 18 Aug 2004 
Regulation on the Administration of  the Import and Export of Goods 
(G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4)  1 Jan 2002 31 Oct 2001 
Rules for the Registration of Foreign Trade Operators  1 July 2004 19 June 2004 
Rules on Investigations of Foreign Trade Barriers 
(Replaced 2002 Provisional Rules on Inves tigations of Foreign Trade Barriers)  1 Mar 2005 21 Jan 2005 
Regulations on the Export Control of Arms Products 15 Oct 2002a 15 Nov 2002 22 Oct 1997a 
Regulations on the Export Control  of Nuclear  Products  9 Nov 2006 9 Nov 2006 1 Aug 1997 
Regulations on the Export Control of Dual-purpose Biological Products and 
Relevant Equipment and Technology  1 Dec 2002 14 Oct 2002a 
Regulations on the Export Control of  Dual-purpose Nuclear Products and 
Related Technologies 26 Jan 2007a 26 Jan 2007 1 Jun 1998 
Regulations on the Export Control of  Missiles and Related Items and 
Technologies   22 Aug 2002 22 Aug 2002a 
Regulations on the Export Control of Ce rtain Chemicals and Related Equipment 
and Technologies  19 Nov 2002 18 Oct 2002a 
Regulations on Foreign Exchange Cont rol 1 Aug 2008 5 Aug 2008 8 Jan 1996 
Decision of the Standing Committee of  the NPC on Punishing Crimes of 
Fraudulently Purchasing, Evading and I llegally Trading in Foreign Exchange  29 Dec 1998 29 Dec 1998 
Law on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint-Ventures 15 Mar 2001 15 Mar 2001 1 July 1979 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Chinese-Foreign Equity 
Joint-Ventures 8 Jan 2011 8 Jan 2011 20 Sep 1983a 
Law on Chinese-Foreign Contractual Joint-Ventures 31 Oct 2000 31 Oct 2000 13 Apr 1988 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Chinese-Foreign Contractual 
Joint-Ventures  4 Sept 1995 7 Aug 1995 
Law on Foreign-Capital Enterprise 31 Oct 2000 31 Oct 2000 12 Apr 1986 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Foreign-Capital Enterprises 12 Apr 2001a 12 Apr 2001 28 Oct 1990 
Law on the Protection of Investment of Taiwan Compatriots  5 Mar 1994 5 Mar 1994 
Provisions on Guiding Foreign Investment Direction  1 Apr 2002 11 Feb 2002a 
Measures for the Administration of Partnership Enterprise Registration 9 May 2007 1 June 2007 19 Nov 1997a 
Measures for the Administration on the Establishment of Partnership Business 
by Foreign Enterprises or Individuals in China  1 Mar 2010 19 Aug 2009 
Customs- and tariff-related regulations    
Customs Law 8 July 2000 1 Jan 2001 22 Jan 1987 
Regulations on Import and Export Tariff (G/VAL/N /1/CHN/4) 8 Jan 2011 8 Jan 2011 12 Sept 1987 
Anti-dumping Regulations (G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 31 Oct 2001 
Regulations on Countervailing Meas ures (G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 31 Oct 2001 
Safeguard Regulations (G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 31 Oct 2001 
Regulations on Customs Protection of In tellectual Property  17 Mar 2010 1 Apr 2010 5 July 1995a 
Regulations on Customs Statistics  1 Mar 2006 25 Dec 2005a 
Rules on Responding to Anti-dumping Cases on Export Products  14 Aug 2006 17 May 2006 
Standards and technical regulations     
Law on Import and Export Commodity Inspection 28 Apr 2002 1 Oct 2002 21 Feb 1989 
Regulations for Implementation of  Import and Export Commodity Inspection 10 Aug 2005 1 Dec 2005 7 Oct 1992 
Standardization Law  1 Apr 1989 29 Dec 1988 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 191 
 
 
  Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Standardization Law  6 Apr 1990 6 Apr 1990a 
Law on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 30 Oct 1991 
Regulations for Implementation of the Law on the Entry and Exit Animal and 
Plant Quarantine  1 Jan 1997 2 Dec 1996a 
Food Safety Law  1 June 2009 28 Feb 2009 
Law on Product Quality 8 July 2000 1 Sept 2000 22 Feb 1993 
Rules for Compulsory Product Certifi cation 26 May 2009 1 Sept 2009 21 Nov 2001 
Rules on Inspection and Quarantine of Entry and Ex it Aquatic Products 10 Mar 2010 1 June 2011 18 Oct 2002 
Frontier Health and Quarantine Law 29 Dec 2007 29 Dec 2007 2 Dec 1986 
Regulations on Authentication and Approval  1 Nov 2003 20 Aug 2003 
Regulations for Safety Control of Dangerous Chemical Products 16 Feb 2011 1 Dec 2011 9 Jan 2002 
Rules on Imposing Administrative Pena lties related to Certification and 
Accreditation  9 Dec 2003 9 Dec 2003a 
Special Regulations of the State Counc il on Strengthening the Supervision and 
Administration the Safety of Food and Other Products  26 July 2007 25 July 2007 
Agricultural Products Quality Safety Law  1 Nov 2006 29 Apr 2006 
Regulations for the Implementation of F ood Safety Law  20 July 2009 8 July 2009 
Intellectual property rights    
Copyright Law (IP/N/1/CHN/C/1) 27 Oct 2001 27 Oct 2001 7 Sept 1990 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 24 May 1991 
Trademark Law (IP/N/1/CHN/T/1) 27 Oct 2001 1 Dec 2001 23 Aug 1982 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Tr ademark Law (IP/N/1/CHN/T/2)  15 Sept 2002 3 Aug 2002a 
Patent Law (IP/N/1/CHN/P/2) 27 Dec 2008 1 Oct 2009 12 Mar 1984 
Regulations for Implementation of the Pate nt Law  30 Dec 2009 1 Feb 2010 19 Jan 1985 
Regulations on Computer So ftware Protection  29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 4 Jun 1991 
Regulations on the Protection of Layout -Design of Integrated Circuits 
(IP/N/1/CHN/L/1/Rev.1)  1 Oct 2001 28 Mar 2001 
Rules for Implementing the Regulations on the Protection of Layout-Design of 
Integrated Circuits (IP/N/1/CHN/L/2)  1 Oct 2001 18 Sept 2001a 
Regulations on Protection of New Vari eties of Plants (IP/N/1/CHN/P/1)  1 Oct 1997 20 Mar 1997a 
Regulations on the Administration of Technology Import and Export 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 31 Oct 2001 
Regulation on Protection of Right to Network Distribution of Information  1 July 2006 10 May 2006 
Interim measures on Payment by Radio and TV Station for Broadcasting Audio 
Products 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 6 May 2009 
Tax regime      
Law on the Administration of Tax Collection 28 Apr 2001 1 May 2001 4 Sept 1992 
Decision of the Standing Committee of th e NPC Regarding the Application of 
Provisional Regulations on such Taxes as  Value-added Tax, Consumption Tax 
and Business Tax to Enterprises with  Foreign Investment and Foreign 
Enterprises  29 Dec 1993 29 Dec 1993 
Interim Regulations on Value-added Tax 5 Nov 2008 8 Jan 2009 26 Nov 1993 
Interim Regulations on Consumption Tax 5 Nov 2008 1 Jan 2009 26 Nov 1993 
Interim Regulations on Business Ta x 5 Nov 2008 1 Jan 2009 26 Nov 1993 
Interim Regulations on Land Appreciati on Tax 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 26 Nov 1993 
Interim Regulations on Resources  Tax  1 Jan 1994 26 Nov 1993 
Enterprise Income Tax Law  1 Jan 2008 16 Mar 2007 
Income Tax Law for Individuals 30 Jun 2011 1 Sept 2011 10 Sept 1980 
The Implementing Regulations for the Enterpri se Income Tax Law  1 Jan 2008 28 Nov 2007 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 192 
  
  Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Sectoral laws     
Agriculture     
Agricultural Law 28 Dec 2002 1 Mar 2003 2 July 1993 
Law on Land Contract in Rural Areas 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 29 Aug 2002 
Land Administration Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 25 June 1986 
Law on the Popularization of Agricultural Technology  2 July 1993 2 July 1993 
Grassland Law 28 Dec 2002 1 Mar 2003 18 June 1985 
Seed Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 8 July 2000 
Fisheries Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 20 Jan 1986 
Forestry Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 20 Sept 1984 
Law on Prompting Agricultural Mechanization  1 Nov 2004 25 June 2004 
Regulations on Administration of Grai n Distribution   26 May 2004 19 May 2004 
Regulations on Administration of Central Grai n Reserves 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 6 Aug 2003 
Measures for the Examination and Approval of the Entry-Exit and Foreign-
related Joint Research and Utilizatio n of Livestock and Poultry Genetic 
Resources  1 Oct 2008 20 Aug 2008 
Manufacturing     
Law on Tobacco Monopoly 27 Aug 20 09 27 Aug 2009 29 June 1991 
Pharmaceutical Administration Law 28 Feb 2001 1 Dec 2001 20 Sept 1984 
Steel Industry Development Policy  8 July 2005 8 July 2005a 
Industrial Policy for the Automobile Industry  15 Aug 2009 a 1 Sept 2009 21 May 2004 
Automobile Trade Policy  10 Aug 2005 10 Aug 2005a 
Administrative Rules on Recalls of Defective Automobile Products  1 Oct 2004 12 Mar 2004 
Energy, utilities, and natural resources    
Mineral Resources Law 29 Aug 1996 1 Jan 1997 19 Mar 1986 
Water Law 29 Aug 2002 1 Oct 2002 21 Jan 1988 
Regulations on Exploitation of Offshore  Petroleum Resources in Cooperation 
with Foreign Enterprises 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 12 Jan 1982 
Measures for Administration of the Market of Processed Oil  1 Jan 2007 16 Nov 2006 
Law on the Administration of the Use of Sea Areas  1 Jan 2002 27 Oct 2001 
Law on Water and Soil Conservation 25 Dec 2010 1 Mar 2011 29 June 1991 
Law on Coal Industry 22 Apr 2011 1 July 2011 29 Aug 1996 
Electric Power Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 28 Dec 1995 
Regulations for Administration of Elec tricity Industry  1 May 2005 2 Feb 2005 
Laws on Energy Conservation 28 Oct 2007 1 April 2008 1 Nov 1997 
Regulations on Exploitation of On-shore  Petroleum Resources in Cooperation 
with Foreign Enterprises 18 Sep 2007 a 18 Sep 2007 7 Oct 1993a 
Financial services     
Law on the People's Bank of China 27 Dec 2003 1 Feb 2004 18 Mar 1995 
Law on Commercial Banks 27 Dec 2003 1 Feb 2004 10 May 1995 
Law on Regulation of and Supervision over the Ba nking Industry 31 Oct 2006 1 Jan 2007 27 Dec 2003 
Law on Funds for Investment in Securities  1 June 2004 28 Oct 2003 
Regulations on Closure of Financial Institutions  15 Dec 2001 14 Nov 2001 
Regulations on Administration of Forei gn-funded Banks  11 Dec 2006 8 Nov 2006 
Insurance Law 28 Feb 2009 1 Oct 2009 30 June 1995 
Regulations on Administration of Foreign-fund ed Insurance Companies  1 Feb 2002 5 Dec 2001 
Trust Law  1 Oct 2001 28 Apr 2001 
Securities Law 27 Oct 2005 1 Jan 2006 29 Dec 1998 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 193 
 
 
  Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Regulations on the Administration and Supervision of Securities Firms  1 June 2008 23 April 2008 
Regulations on the Risk Disposal of S ecurities Firms  23 April 2008 23 April 2008  
Rules on the Administration of Secu rities Investment Fund Management 
Companies  1 Oct 2004 12 Aug 2004 
Rules for the Establishment of Fo reign-shared Securities Companies 29 Nov 2007 1 Aug 2008 1 June 2002a 
Provisions of the State Council on Foreign Capital Stocks Listed in China by 
Joint Stock Limited Companies  25 Dec 1995 2 Nov 1995 
Auction Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 5 July 1996 
Guaranty Law  1 Oct 1995 30 June 1995 
Regulation on the Administration of Futures Trading  15 April 2007 7 Feb 2007 
Decision of the Standing Committee of th e NPC on Punishment of Crimes of 
Disrupting Financial Order (Refer also  to the 1997 Criminal Law Appendix II)  30 June 1995 30 June 1995 
Law on Lawyers   28 Oct 2007 1 June 2008 15 May 1996 
Other services     
Accounting Law 31 Oct 1999 1 July 2000 21 Jan 1985 
Law on Certified Public Accountants  1 Jan 1994 31 Oct 1993 
Regulations on Telecommunications    25 Sept 2000 20 Sept 2000 
Regulations on Foreign Investment in Telecommunications Enterprises 10 Sept 2008a 10 Sept 2008 5 Dec 2001 
Highway Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 3 July 1997 
Regulations on Road Transportation  1 July 2004 14 Apr 2004 
Provisions on the Administration of Road Transport Services with Foreign 
Investment 28 Dec 2004 20 Nov 2001 20 Nov 2001a 
Railway Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 7 Sept 1990 
Maritime Code  1 July 1993 7 Nov 1992 
Regulations on International Maritime  Transportation  1 Jan 2002 5 Dec 2001 
Implementing Rules of Regulations  on International Maritime Transportation   1 Mar 2003 25 Dec 2002 
Special Maritime Procedure Law  1 July 2000 25 Dec 1999 
Provisions on Administration of Foreign I nvestment in International Maritime 
Transportation  1 June 2004 25 Feb 2004a 
Rules on Administration of Pilotage    1 Jan 2002 12 Oct 2001 
Port Law  1 Jan 2004 28 June 2003 
Rules on Administration of Port Operation 29 Oct 2009 1 Mar 2010 26 Dec 2003 
Rules on Port Facility Security 30 Nov 2007 1 Mar 2008 24 Nov 2003a 
Civil Aviation Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 30 Oct 1995 
Regulations of Restriction for Universal Aviation  1 May 2003 10 Jan 2003a 
Postal Law 24 Apr 2009 1 Oct 2009 2 Dec 1986 
Law on Licensed Doctors 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 26 June 1998 
Higher Education Law  1 Jan 1999 29 Aug 1998 
Education Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 18 Mar 1995 
Compulsory Education Law 29 June 2006 1 Sept 2006 12 Apr 1986 
Vocational Education Law  1 Sept 1996 15 May 1996 
Law on Promotion of Privately-run Schools  1 Sept 2003 28 Dec 2002 
Regulations on Sino-Foreign Cooperative Education  1 Sept 2003 19 Feb 2003 
Construction Law 22 Apr 2011 1 July 2011 1 Nov 1997 
Rules on Foreign-invested Construction De sign Enterprises  1 Dec 2002 17 Sept 2002 
Law on Urban Real Estate 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 5 July 1994 
Rules on Construction Enterprises with Fo reign Investment  1 Dec 2002 17 Sept 2002 
Regulations on Property Management 26 Aug 2007a 1 Oct 2007 28 May 2003 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 194 
  
  Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Regulations on Contracting Foreign Engin eering Projects  1 Sept 2008 7 May 2008 
Advertisement Law  1 Feb 1995 27 Oct 1994 
Rules on Administration of Foreign- invested Advertising Enterprises 22 Aug 2008a 1 Oct 2008 2 Mar 2004a 
Regulations on Travel Agencies  1 May 2009 21 Jan 2009 
Regulations on Administration of Tourist Guides  1 Oct 1999 14 May 1999a 
Law on Entry and Exit of Aliens  1 Feb 1986 22 Nov 1985 
Regulations on Administration of Foreign Law Firms’ Representative Offices in 
China  1 Jan 2002 19 Dec 2001 
Provision of the Ministry of Justice on the implementation of Regulations  on 
Administration of Foreign Law Firms' Representative Offices in China 22 June 2004 2 Sep 2004 25 June 2002 
Regulations on the Administration of Comm ercial Franchise  1 May 2007 31 Jan 2007 
Others     
Constitution 14 Mar 2004 14 Mar 2004 4 Dec 1982 
Organic Law of the State Council  10 Dec 1982 10 Dec 1982 
Organic Law of the Local People's Congr ess and Local People's Government at 
Different Levels 27 Oct 2004 27 Oct 2004 1 July 1979 
Criminal Procedure Law 17 Mar 1996 1 Jan 1997 1 July 1979 
Civil Procedure Law 28 Oct 2007 1 April 2008 9 Apr 1991 
Administrative Procedure Law  1 Oct 1990 4 Apr 1989 
Law on the Procedure of the Conclusion of Treaties  28 Dec 1990 28 Dec 1990 
Legislation Law  1 July 2000 15 Mar 2000 
Regulations on Procedures for the Formul ation of Administrative Regulations  1 Jan 2002 16 Nov 2001a 
Employment Promotion Law   1 Jan 2008 30 Aug 2007 
Anti-Monopoly Law  1 Aug 2008 30 Aug 2007 
Provisions on Thresholds for Prior Notification of Concentration of 
Undertakings  3 Aug 2008 1 Aug 2008 
Labour Contract Law   1 Jan 2008 29 Jun 2007 
Property Law  1 Oct 2007 16 Mar 2007 
Provisions on the Administrative Punishment of Pric e-related Violations 29 Nov 2010 4 Dec 2010 10 Jul 1999 
Regulation on Disclosure of Government  Information  1 May 2008 17 Jan 2007 
Regulations on Procedures for the Formulation of Rules  1 Jan 2002 16 Nov 2001a 
Regulations on Submission of Regula tions and Rules for the Record  1 Jan 2002 14 Dec 2001a 
Decision of the Third Session of th e Sixth National People's Congress on 
Authorizing the State Council to Formul ate Interim Provisions or Regulations 
Concerning the Reform of the Economic Structure and the Open Policy  10 Apr 1985 10 Apr 1985 
Law Countering Unfair Compe tition  1 Dec 1993 2 Sept 1993 
Provisions of the State Council on Pr ohibiting of Imposition of Regional 
Blockage on Market Economic Activities  8 Jan 2011 8 Jan 2011 21 Apr 2001a 
Administrative Permission Law  1 July 2004 27 Aug 2003 
Judges Law 30 June 2001 1 Jan 2002 28 Feb 1995 
Labour Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 5 July 1994 
Law on Administrative Reconsideration  27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 29 Apr 1999 
Company Law 27 Oct 2005 1 Jan 2006 29 Dec 1993 
Pricing Law  1 May 1998 29 Dec 1997 
Rules on Government Pricing  1 May 2006 17 Mar 2006a 
Provisions on Countering Price Monopoly  1 Feb 2011 29 Dec 2010a 
Regulations on the Administration of Company Registration 18 Dec 2005 1 Jan 2006 24 June 1994 a 
Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights a nd Interests 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 31 Oct 1993 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 195 
 
 
  Legislation Adoption of 
latest amendment Entry into effect Date of first 
adoption 
Enterprise Bankruptcy Law  1 June 2007 27 Aug 2006 
Law on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the W hole People 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 13 Apr 1988 
Law on Individual Proprietorship En terprises  1 Jan 2000 30 Aug 1999 
Administrative Rules Governing the Regi stration of Individual Proprietorship 
Enterprises   13 Jan 2000 13 Jan 2000a 
Law on Partnership Enterprises 27 Aug 2006 1 June 2007 23 Feb 1997 
Administrative Regulations Governi ng the Registration of Partnership 
Enterprises 9 May 2007a 1 June 2007 19 Nov 1997a 
Law on Promotion of Small and Medium-Sized  Enterprises  1 Jan 2003 29 June 2002 
Provisions on the Merger and Division of Enterprises with Foreign Investment 22 Nov 2001a 22 Nov 2001 23 Sept 1999a 
Law on Bid Invitation and Bi dding  1 Jan 2000 30 Aug 1999 
Rules for the Administration of  Employment of Fo reigners in China 1 Nov 2010 12 Nov 2010 22 Jan 1996 
Administrative Regulations Governing The Registration of Legal Corporations 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 13 May 1988 
Code of Corporate Governance for Listed Companies  7 Jan 2002 7 Jan 2002a 
Contract Law  1 Oct 1999 15 Mar 1999 
Interim Regulations on Supervision and Management of Corporate State-owned 
Assets 29 Dec 2010 8 Jan 2011 13 May 2003 
Provisional Measures on Transfer of State-Owned Property Rights in 
Enterprises  1 Feb 2004 31 Dec 2003a 
Government Procurement Law of China  1 Jan 2003 29 June 2002 
Environmental Protection Law  26 Dec 1989 26 Dec 1989 
Law on Evaluation of Environmental Effects  1 Sept 2003 28 Oct 2002 
Marine Environment Protection Law 25 Dec 1999 1 Apr 2000 23 Aug 1982 
Regulations on Administration of Co llection and Utilization of Sewage 
Discharge Levies   1 July 2003 30 Jan 2002 
Trade Union Law 27 Aug 2009 27 Aug 2009 28 June 1950 
a Date of promulgation.  
Source: Information provided by the Chinese authorities. 
 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 196 
  
  Table AII.2 
Principal notifications under WTO Agreements, March 2012  
Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Agreement on Agriculture  
Articles 10 and 18.2 Table ES.1 – Expor t subsidies G/AG/N/CHN/20, 15/04/2010 
Article 18.2 Table MA.2 – Tariffs a nd other quotas G/AG/N/CHN/19, 15/04/2010 
Article 18.2 Table MA.1 – Administration of  tariff quotas G/AG/N/CHN/2, 25/09/2003 
Article 18.2 Table DS.1 and appropriate supporting tables – 
Domestic support G/AG/N/CHN/21, 13/10/2011 
Article XXIV of GATT 1994 
Article XXIV:7 of GATT 1994 
and Article V: 7(a) of GATS Free Trade Agreement between China and Costa Rica WT/REG310/N/1 and S/C/N/618 
28/02/2012 
Article XXIV:7 of GATT 1994 
and Article V: 7(a) of GATS Free Trade Agreement between China and Peru WT/REG281/N/1 and S/C/N/537 
03/03/2010 
Article XXIV:7 of GATT 1994 and Article V: 7(a) of GATS Free Trade Agreement between China and 
New Zealand WT/REG266/N/1 and S/C/N/491, 
23/04/2009 
Article XXIV:7 of GATT 1994 
and Article V: 7(a) of GATS  Free Trade Agreement between China a nd Singapore WT/REG262/N/1 and S/C/N/483, 
04/03/2009 
Enabling clause  
Enabling clause - lldcs Duty-free treatment for LDCs WT/COMTD/N/39, 18/10/2011 
G/C/W/656/Rev.1  
WT/COMTD/N/39/Add.1/Rev.1, 01/12/2011 
Enabling clause - integration Framewor k agreement on comprehensive economic 
cooperation between ASEAN and China  WT/COMTD/N/20/Add.1, 26/09/2005 
 China's accession to the Bangkok Agreement WT/COMTD/N/19, 29/07/2004 
 Amendment to the Bangkok Agreement WT/COMTD/N/22, 27/07/2007 
Agreement on Implementation of GATT Article VI of the GATT 1994 (Anti-dumping)  
Article 5.8 Time-period for dete rmination of negligible import 
volumes G/ADP/N/100/CHN, 20/10/2004 
Article 16.4 Semi-annual reports of anti-dumping actions (taken 
within the preceding six months) G/ADP/N/216/CHN/Rev.1, 19/10/2011 
Article 18.5, and Article 32.6 
Agreement on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures Decree of the Ministry of Commerce concerning 
Publication of Rules on Information Access and 
Information Disclosure in Industry Injury Investigations  No. 19, 2006 G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.6, 19/10/2007 
 Rules of the Supreme People's Court on Certain Issues 
Related to Application of  Law in hearings of 
Antidumping Administrative Cases G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.5, 11/01/2007 
 Notification of the newly amended Fore ign Trade Law G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.4 
G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4 G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4, 01/12/2004 
Names of laws and regulations relevant to the Agreement  G/ADP/N/1/CHN/1, 31/05/2002 
Regulations on anti-dumping G/ ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
Provisional rules on initiation of anti-dumping 
investigation G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.1, 18/02/2003 
Rules on anti-dumping investigations and 
determinations of industry injury;  rules on public 
hearings with regard to i nvestigations of injury to 
industry G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.2, 14/04/2003 
Articles 16.5, and Article 25.12, 
Agreement on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures Notification of competent authority G/ADP/N/14/Add.22 
G/SCM/N/18/Add.22, 10/10/2006 
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 197 
 
 
  Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Agreement on Implementation of Articl e VII of the GATT 1994 (Customs valuation)  
Article 22.2 Administrative measure regarding customs valuation G/VAL/N/1/CHN/5, 11/04/2008 
 Regulations on import and export duties G/VAL/N/1/CHN/4, 07/06/2004 
 Notification of the customs regulations regarding 
determination of customs value of royalties and 
licence fees related to imports G/VAL/N/1/CHN/3, 24/09/2003 
 Customs law  G/VAL/N/1/CHN/2, 16/06/2003 
 Customs administration rega rding determination of 
customs valuation of imports and exports G/VAL/N/1/CHN/1, 05/07/2002 
Decision on the checklist of issues Checklis t of issues G/VAL/N/2/CHN/1, 05/07/2002 
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994  
Article XVII:4(a) Notification of th e understanding on the interpretation 
of Article XVII, on State-trading G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1, 14/07/2003,  and 
G/STR/N/9/CHN/Corr.1 
Article VII  Notifications on th e valuation of carrier media- 
bearing software for data processing equipment, and 
on the treatment of interest charges in customs value 
of imported goods G/VAL/N/3/CHN/1, 27/02/2004 
General Agreement on Trade in Services  
Article III:3 Significant changes No notifications in 2008 
 Regulations on Administration of Foreign-Invested 
Construction Enterprises S/C/N/566, 15/09/2010 
 Regulations on Administration of Foreign-Invested 
Construction and Engineering Service Enterprises S/C/N/565, 15/09/2010 
 Measures for the Administration on the Establishment 
of Partnership Business by Foreign Enterprises or Individuals in China S/C/N/564, 15/09/2010 
Article III:4 and IV:2 Contact and e nquiry points S/ENQ/78/Rev.11, 26/10/2009 
Article V:7 (a) of GATS  Agreement encompasses trad e in services between 
China and Chile S/C/N/577, 22/11/2010 
 Free Trade Agreement between China and Pakistan S/C/N/551, 21/05/2010 
Paragraph 14 of the Transparency 
Mechanism for Regional Trade 
Agreements  (WT/L/671) and 
Article V:7 (a) of GATS  Supplement VI to the Closer economic partnership 
agreement between China and Hong Kong, China  and 
Supplement to the Closer economic partnership 
agreement between China and Macao, China WT/REG162/N/1/Add.4  
S/C/N/264/Add.4, 17/12/2010 
WT/REG163/N/1/Add.4  
S/C/N/265/Add.4, 03/12/2010 
Article VII:4 Existing Article VII:1 recognition measures  None 
Agreement on Preshipment Inspection  
Article 5  Notification of laws and regulations related to the 
Agreement None 
Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures  
Articles 1.4(a) and 8.2(b) Rules and measures on import licensing and import 
quotas  G/LIC/N/1/CHN/1, 20/09/2002 
G/LIC/N/1/CHN/1/Add.1, 23/09//2002 
G/MA/W/41, 23/09/2002 
Article 8.2(b) Notification of rules and measures on import quota for 
various products G/LIC/N/1/CHN/2, 25/09/2003 
 Products subject to import licence (2 004) G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4, 17/01/2005 
 Notification of regula tions and rules on import 
licensing G/LIC/N/1/CHN/6, 24/03/2010,  
Article 7.3 Replies to questionnaire on import licensing 
procedures G/LIC/N/3/CHN/9, 11/11/2010 
Quantitative Restrictions  
QR - (G/L/59) - biennial  Notif ication of quantitative restrictions  G/MA/NTM/QR/1/A dd.11, 11/04/2008 
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 198 
  
  Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Agreement on Rules of Origin  
Article 5 and Paragraph 4 of Annex II Preferential rules of origin G/RO/N/37/Rev.1, 02/08/2002 
Agreement on Safeguards  
Article 12.1(a) - (c), and 
Article 9.1 footnote 2 Safeguard investigations, findings, and d ecisions G/SG/N/10/CHN/1/Suppl.1, 04/02/2004 
Article 12.4  Consultations  G/SG/N/11/CHN/1;  G/SG/N/6/CHN/1;  
G/SG/N/7/CHN/1, 23/05/2002 
Article 12.5 and Article 8.2 Notification of proposed suspension of concessions 
and other obligations referred to in Article 8.2 of the 
Agreement on Safeguards. G/C/17;  G/SG/46, 21/05/2002 
Article 12.6 Notification of laws, regulations and administrative 
procedures relating to safeguard measures  G/SG/N/1/CHN/1, 07/06/2002 
 Regulations on Safeguards G/ SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
 Rules on investigations and determinations of industry 
injury for safeguards;  rules on public hearings with 
regard to investigations of injury to industry G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.2, 15/04/2003 
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures  
Article 7 and Annex B Notifications in 2011 =  91 
Notifications in 2010 = 103 G/SPS/N/CHN/355-445 
G/SPS/N/CHN/202-304 
Article 7 and Annex B Enquiry poi nts  G/SPS/ENQ/25, 15/10/2009 
Agreement on Subsidies a nd Countervailing Measures  
Article 25.1  Programmes granted or maintained at the central 
government level during the period from 2005 to 2008 G/SCM/N/155/CHN 
G/SCM/N/186/CHN, 21/10/2011 
Article 25.11 Semi-annual repor t on countervailing duty actions  G/SCM/N/228/CHN, 12/10/2011 
Article 32.6 Notification of the amended Fore ign Trade Law G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4, 01/12/2004 
Regulations on countervailing measures G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
Rules on investigations and determinations of industry 
injury for countervailing measures;  rules on public 
hearings with regard to i nvestigations of injury to 
industry G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.2, 14/04/2003 
Provisional rules on countervaili ng investigations G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.1, 18/02/2003 
Article 18 of the Protocol of 
Accession of the People's Republic of China Information on pricing polic ies G/SCM/N/198, 05/10/2009 
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)  
Annex 3C Acceptance of code of good practice G/TBT/CS/N/143, 21/05/2002 
G/TBT/CS/N/138, 12/12/2001 and 
Corr.1, 30/01/2003 
Article 15.2 Laws and regulati ons on the implementation and 
administration of the TBT Agreement G/TBT/2/Add.65, 29/01/2002 
Article 2.10 Notification regarding environmental measures, 
technical barriers and technical regulations G/TBT/N/CHN/55/Rev.1, 10/10/2011 
Article 2.9 Notification of technical regulations: 
Notifications in 2011 = 83  
 Notifications in 2010 = 74   
G/TBT/N/CHN782-797, 799-857
 
G/TBT/N/CHN/217/Rev.1 
G/TBT/N/CHN714-774, 
G/TBT/N/CHN/20/Rev.1  
G/TBT/N/CHN/20/Rev.1/Suppl.1 
Article 5.6 Notification of products covered by conformity 
assessment procedure G/TBT/N/CHN/140/Rev.1, 21/10/2010 
G/TBT/N/CHN/775-781, 10/01/2011 
G/TBT/N/CHN/798/Suppl.1,13/04/2011  
G/TBT/N/CHN/798,11/03/2011 
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 199 
 
 
  Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Article 5.7 Notification of regu lations issued to protect the 
environment G/TBT/N/CHN/56-58, 14/07/2004 
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspect s of Intellectual Property Rights   
Article 63.2 Revising the Rules for the Implementation of the 
Patent Law  IP/N/1/CHN/4, 24/08/2011 
IP/N/1/CHN/P/3, 26/08/2011 
 Revising the Patent Law IP/N/1/CHN/3, 15/12/2010 
IP/N/1/CHN/P/2, 21/12/2010 
 Laws and regulations IP/N/1/CHN/2, 10/10/2003 
IP/N/1/CHN/2/Add.1, 25/08/2004 
 Checklist of issues on enforcement IP/N/6/CHN/1, 19/07/2002 
 Regulations on computer software prot ection IP/N/1/CHN/C/2/Rev.1, 13/10/2003 
 Regulations on protection of new varietie s of plants IP/N/1/CHN/P/1, 08/07/2002 
Article 69 Contact points IP/N/3/Rev.9/Add.1, 31/01/2006 
Agreement on Trade-Rela ted Investment Measures   
Article 6.2 Publications G/ TRIMS/N/2/Rev.19, 30/09/2009 
Source:  WTO documents.  
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 200 
  
  Table AII.3 
Overview of China's free-trade agreements, 2012 
CHINA–ASEAN 
Parties  China, ASEAN (Brunei Darussalam; Myanmar;  Cambodia;  Indonesia;  Lao People's 
Democratic Republic;  Malaysia;  Philippines;  Singapore;  Viet Nam;  Thailand) 
Date of signature/entry into force  22.11.2004 (Goods), 14.01.2007 (Services)/20.07.2005 (Goods);  01.07.2007 (Services)  
Transition for full implementation  2015 (The agreements stipulat e that new ASEAN members - Viet Nam, Laos, Cambodia, and 
Myanmar - may implement preferential tariffs at a later date than the other six ASEAN members and China) 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  The agreement includes provisions on general ex ceptions and security exceptions but does not 
include a specific list of excluded products.  In a ddition, the agreement allows all parties to list 
100 to 150 products at HS six-digit level as  "highly sensitive products" whose tariff rates 
should be reduced to at least 50% before 1 Ja nuary 2015.  The list of China's highly sensitive 
products includes some agricultural produc ts, wood products, paper products, etc.  
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from ASEAN:  11.1% of total;  exports to ASEAN:  9% of total  
of which preferentiala Imports:  11.86% 
China commercial services trade (2010)  .. 
Related WTO documents  WT/COMTD/51, S/C/N/453 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.aseansec.org/  
ASIA PACIFIC TRADE AGREEMENT (APTA)  
Parties  China;  Bangladesh;  India;  Korea, Republic  of;  Lao People's Democratic Republic;  Sri 
Lanka 
Date of signature/entry into forc e 31.07.1975 and 12.04.2001 for the accession of  China/17.06.76 and 01.01 2002 for the 
accession of China  
Transition for full implementation .. 
Main products excluded from liberalization Products other than certain agricultural products, drugs, chemicals, plastics, textiles, metals, 
and mechanical and electrical products that are covered by the agreement 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from other APTA members:   10.8% of total;  exports to other APTA Members:  7.6%  
of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  6.48% 
Related WTO documents WT/COMTD/N/22, WT/COMTD/62 
Relevant websites http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/   
http://www.unescap.org/tid/apta.asp 
CHINA-Chile 
Parties China, Chile  
Date of signature/entry into force  18.11.2005 (Goods) , 13.04.2008 (Services)/01.08.2006 (Goods), 01.08.2010 (Services)  
Transition for full implementation  2015 (Apart from the exclude d products China and Chile will remove import tariffs on each 
other's' products within 10 years after the implem entation of the agreement.  For China, 37.5% 
of tariffs (in terms of tariff lines) are to be eliminated on the day the agreement enters into 
force, and 25.8% are to be eliminated within 10 years.  74.5% of Chile's tariffs are to be 
eliminated immediately, and other tariffs are to be eliminated within 5 and 10 years, 
respectively. 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  China's excluded products mainly include wood and paper products, edible vegetable oils, 
tariff-quota products, and iodi ne, and Chile's excluded products include retreaded tyres 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Chile:  1.2% of total;  exports to Chile:  0.6% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  2.14% 
China commercial services trade (2009) Imports from Chile:  0.45% of total;  exports to Chile:  0.04% of total  
Related WTO documents  WT/REG/230, S/C/N/577 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.direcon.gob.cl/  
Table AII.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 201 
 
 
  CHINA-Hong Kong, China 
Parties China, Hong Kong, China 
Date of signature/entry into force  29.06.2003/01.01.2004  
Transition for full implementation  January 2006 (The zero-tariff is applied to 1,623 products for which consultation on rules of 
origin have been completed)  
Main products excluded from liberalization  Products prohibited from importation by the Chin ese Mainland according to relevant laws and 
regulations;  products prohibited from importati on in accordance with the Chinese Mainland's 
obligations under international treaties;  a nd products for which the Chinese Mainland has 
special commitments in relevant international agreements  
China merchandise trade (2010) Imports from Hong Kong, China:  0.9% of tota l;  exports to Hong Kong, China:  13.8% of 
total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  7.21% 
China commercial services trade (2010)  Imports from Hong Kong, China:  17.6% of tota l;  exports to Hong Kong, China:  34.9% of 
total  
Related WTO documents  WT/REG162, S/C/N/264 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/   
http://www.tid.gov.hk/  
CHINA-Macao, China 
Parties  China, Macao, China  
Date of signature/entry into force  17.10.2003/01.01.2004  
Transition for full implementation January 2006 (The zero-tariff is applied to 1,215 products for which consultations on rules of 
origin have been completed) 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  Products prohibited from importation by the Chin ese Mainland according to relevant laws and 
regulations;  products prohibited from importati on in accordance with the Chinese Mainland's 
obligations under international treaties;  a nd products for which the Chinese Mainland has 
special commitments in relevant international agreements 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Macao, China:  0.01% of total;  exports to Macao, Chin a:  0.34% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  6.77% 
China commercial services trade (2010)  Impor ts from Macao, China:  2.8% of total;  exports to Macao, China:  1.7% of total 
Related WTO documents  WT/REG/163, S/C/N/265  
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/   
http://www.economia.gov.mo/index.jsp  
CHINA-New Zealand 
Parties China, New Zealand  
Date of signature/entry into for 07.04.2008/01.10.2008 
Transition for full implementation  2019 (New Zealand will remove tariffs on produc ts imported from China gradually within 
9 years of the implementation of the agreement;  27.2% of them are to be eliminated within 
5 years, with 1.2% within 6 years, 6.4% within 7 years, and 1.6% within 9 years.  China is to 
eliminate tariffs on 97.2% of imports from  New Zealand gradually, within 12 years of 
implementation of the agreement;  24.2% of th em to be eliminated immediately;  66.8% 
within 5 years, and 5.7% within 6 years;  a nd 43 tariffs are to be eliminated within 9 to 
12 years 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  China's excluded products mainly include ta riff-quota products (excl uding wool and wool 
tops), certain edible vegetabl e oils, wood and paper products 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from New Zealand:  0.3% of total;  exports to New Zealand:  0.2% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  22.37% 
China commercial services trade (2008)  Imports from New Zealand:   0.41% of total;  exports to New Zealand:  0.15% of total 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/266, S/C/N/491 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.mfat.govt.nz./ 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 202 
  
  CHINA-Singapore  
Parties China, Singapore 
Date of signature/entry into force  23.10.2008/01.01.2009 
Transition for full implementation  2010 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Please refer to the China-AS EAN free-trade agreement 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Singapore:  1.6% of total;  exports to Singapore:  1.9% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  5.73% 
China commercial services trade (2008)  Imports from Singapore:   2.16% of total;  exports to Singapore:  3.71% of total 
Related WTO documents  WT/REG/262, S/C/N/483 
Relevant websites http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.iesingapore.gov.sg/ 
CHINA-Pakistan 
Parties  China, Pakistan  
Date of signature/entry into force  24.11.2006 (Goods) , 21.02.2009 ( Services)/01.07.2007 (Goods), 10.10.2009 (Services) 
Transition for full implementation  2012 (China and Pakistan will implement tariff re ductions for all products in two stages:  in 
the first stage 85% of all tariff lines are to be reduced at different rates within five years of 
entry into force of the agreem ent;  the tariff on approximately 36% of products will be reduced 
to zero within three years of the agreement, and on the remainder to 5% or below or by 50% or 
20% within five years.  All tariff reductions in the first stage were completed on 1 January 
2012.  China and Pakistan have star ted negotiations for the second stage 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Nearly all chapters concerned  
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Pakistan:  0.1% of total;  exports to Pakistan:  0.4% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  28.28% 
China commercial services trade (2008)  Imports from Pakistan :  0.14% of total;  exports to Pakistan:  0.24% of total 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/237, S/C/N/551 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.commerce.gov.pk/index.asp 
CHINA-Peru 
Parties  China, Peru  
Date of signature/entry into force 28.04.2009/01.03.2010 
Transition for full implementation  2026 (Peru will gradually remove tariffs on 92%  of products imported from China upon entry 
into force of the agreement.  Tariffs on 90% of  the products will be reduced to zero within 
10 years, and on 2% to zero within 12, 15, 16, and 17 years, resp ectively.  China will 
gradually remove tariffs on 94.6%  of products imported from Peru upon entry into force of the 
agreement.  Tariffs on 93.8% of the products w ill be reduced to zero within 12, 15, 16, and 
17 years 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  China's excluded products include  wood and paper products, certa in edible vegetable oils, 
tobacco, LCD panel, and pure terephthalic acid.   Peru's excluded products include certain 
textiles, shoes, and other commodities 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Peru:  0.5% of total;  exports to Peru:  0.2% of total 
of which preferentiala Imports:  0.66% 
China commercial services trade (2009) Imports from Peru :  0.16% of total;  exports to Peru:  0.02% of total 
Related WTO documents  WT/REG/281, S/C/N/537 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/ 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 203 
 
 
  CHINA-Costa Rica 
Parties  China, Costa Rica 
Date of signature/entry into force 08.04.2010/01.08.2011 
Transition for full implementation  China and Costa Rica will implement tariff con cessions and reductions for all products by 
category.  A zero tariff will be applied im mediately to products in category one upon 
implementation of the agreement;  these acc ount for 65.3% and 62.9% of China's and 
Costa Rica's total tariff lines, respectively.  Ta riffs on products in category two, accounting for 
28.7% and 4% of China's and Costa Rica's total tariff lines, respectively, will be reduced to 
zero within five years;  on products in category three, accounting for 1.8% and 21.5% of total 
tariff lines, within 10 years;  and on products in category four, accounti ng for 0.9% and 2.5% 
of total tariff lines, within 15 years.  Products  in category five, accounting for 3.3% and 8.9% 
of total tariff lines, are excluded products, and MFN tariffs will be maintained without tariff 
concessions 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization  China's excluded products include mainly certa in edible vegetable oils, wood and paper 
products, FPTV, LCD modules, digital colour TVs and key parts.  Costa Rica's excluded 
products include mainly beef, aquatic products, dairy products, flowers, vegetables, dried 
fruits, coffee, tea leaves, textiles, clothing 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Costa Rica:  0.2% of total;  exports to Costa Rica:  0.05% of total 
China commercial services trade (2010)  .. 
Related WTO documents - 
- 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/  
http://www.comex.go.cr/Paginas/inicio.aspx/ 
CROSS-STRAITS ECONOMIC COOPERATION FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT (ECFA) 
Parties China, Chinese Taipei 
Date of signature/entry into force  29.06.2010/12.09.2010 
Transition for full implementation  Negotiations are being conducted on the ECFA goods trade, and the tariff concession plan 
between China and Chinese Taipei is yet to be fully implemented 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization According to the ECFA goods trade early-st age harvest plan, tariffs on 539 products 
originating from Chinese Taipei will be re duced in the Mainland (2009 Tariff Schedule) and 
tariffs on 267 products originated from the Mainland will be reduced in Chinese Taipei (2009 
Tariff Schedule) 
China merchandise trade (2010)  Imports from Chinese Taipei:  8.3% of total;  exports to Chinese Taipei:  1.9% of total 
China commercial services trade (2010)  Imports from Chinese Taipe i:  2.6% of total;  exports to Chinese Taipei:  4.4% of total  
Related WTO documents  - 
- 
Relevant websites  http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/ 
.. Not available. 
 
a Share of total partner imports that enter under FTA provisions.  
Source: WTO Secretariat;  and the Chinese authorities. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 204 
  
  Table AIII.1 
China's preferential rules of origin, 2012 
Agreement/Party Rules 
APTA Wholly obtained or produced in the country;  or         
The value of non-originating parts or components used in the manufact ure must not exceed 55% of the 
f.o.b. value of the product (or 65% for LDCs);  or         
Cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in terms of mate rials and components between the Parties must be no 
lower than 60% of the f.o.b. value of the product (50% for LDCs);  and         
The country of origin is defined as the country wher e the last manufacturing operation takes place.      
Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with.         
ASEAN Wholly obtained or produced in ASEAN countries;  or         
The content of products originating in any one of the ASEAN countries should be no less than 40% of 
total content;  or         
The value of the non-originating parts or components used in the manufacture of the products must be no 
more than 60% of the f.o.b. value of the product.         
The country of origin is defined as the country wh ere the last manufacturing operation takes place, or in 
accordance with product-speci fic rules.       
Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with. 
Least developed countries Wholly obtained or produced  in the beneficiary country;  or        
The non-originating parts must have undergone substan tial transformation.  "Subs tantial transformation" 
means change of tariff heading or the value of non-or iginating parts used in the manufacture of the good 
does not exceed 60% of the f.o.b. valu e of the product;  or         
Product specific rules.  The final stage of processing must be in the country of origin;  and         Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with.     
Hong Kong, China Wholly obtained or produced in Hong Kong, China,  or   
The non-originating parts must have undergone  substantial transformation.       
"Substantial transformation" is defined in Product Specif ic Rules, which includes the following criteria:     
1.  change of tariff heading;    2.  a regional value content (RVC) of equal or more than 30% of the f.o.b. value of the product;     
3.  specific process or production;   4.  other criteria; or   5.  combination of the above criteria.   
The final stage of processing must be carried out in Hong Kong, China.    
Goods must enter China directly.  
Macao, China Wholly obtained or pr oduced in Macao, China,  or  
The non-originating parts must have undergone substantial transformation. 
"Substantial transformation" is defined in Product Spec ific Rules, which include the following criteria:   
    1.  change of tariff heading;       
2.  a regional value content (RVC) of equal or more than  30% of the f.o.b. value of the product;        
3.  specific process or production;    4.  other criteria; or      5.  combination of the above criteria.  
The final stage of processing must be  carried out in Macao, China.   
Goods must enter China directly.        
Chile Wholly obtained or produced entirely in the territory of one Party;  or         
Produced entirely in the territory of one or both Parties ex clusively from originating material;  or         
Produced in the territory of one or both Parties, usi ng non-originating materials that conform to a regional 
value content not less than 40%, except for the goods lis ted in Product Specific Rules, which must comply 
with the requirements specified therein;  or        
Product specific rules.         Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in terms of materials between the Parties.         
Tolerance rule: for tariff classification change cr iterion, non-originating materials can represent a 
maximum of 8% of the f.o.b. value of product.  
Requirements on direct transport must be complied with.         
Table AIII.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 205 
 
 
  Agreement/Party Rules 
New Zealand Wholly obtained or produced in the territory of one Party;  or        
Produced entirely in the territory of one or both Parties ex clusively from originating materials;  or       
Product specific rules:   
- wholly obtained or entirely produced in New Zealand;  or      - a change of tariff classification applies (at HS 2-digit, 4-digit or 6-digit level);       
- regional value content of 30%, 40%, 45%, or 50% applies to some products;  or         - specific process.        
Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in terms of materials between the Parties.      
Tolerance rule: for tariff classification change cr iterion, non-originating materials can represent a 
maximum of 10% of the f.o.b. value of product.        
Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with.     
Pakistan Wholly obtained or produced in Pakistan,  or         
The content of the product originating in Pakistan should be  no less than 40% of total content;  or        
The non-originating parts must have  undergone substantial transformati on as defined in Product Specific 
Rules.  
Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in term s of materials and components between the Parties. 
No tolerance rule.  The final stage of processing must be carried out in Pakistan.        Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with.        
Singapore Wholly obtained or produced in Singapore,  or       
A regional value content of no less than 40% applie s except for the goods listed in Product Specific Rules, 
which must comply with the requirements specified therein;  or        
Product Specific Rules.         Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in term s of materials and components between the Parties. 
Tolerance rule: for tariff classification change cr iterion, non-originating materials can represent a 
maximum of 10% of the f.o.b. value of product.   
Requirements on direct consignment must be complied with.      
Peru   Wholly obtained or produced in Peru;  or         
Produced entirely in the territory of one or both Parties ex clusively from originating material;  or         
Product Specific Rules.         Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in term s of materials and components between the Parties. 
Tolerance rule: for tariff classification change cr iterion, non-originating materials can represent a 
maximum of 10% of the value of product (pursuant to regional value content).  
Requirements on direct transport must be complied with.       
Costa Rica Wholly obtained or produced in Costa Rica;  or         
Produced entirely in the territory of one or both Parties ex clusively from originating material;  or         
Product Specific Rules.         Bilateral cumulation allowed, i.e. cumulation in term s of materials and components between the Parties. 
Tolerance rule: for tariff classification change cr iterion, non-originating materials can represent a 
maximum of 10% of the f.o.b. value of prod uct (pursuant to regional value content).  
Requirements on direct transport must be complied with. 
 
Source:   Information provided by the Chinese authorities. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 206 
  
  Table AIII.2 
Imports allocated to state-trading enterprises, 2009-11 
Product HS Code % of tariff quota allocated to 
state-trading enterprises 
2009 2010 2011 
Wheat 10011000;  10019010;  10019090;  11010000;  11031100;  
11032010 90 90 90 
Maize 10051000;  10059000;  11022000;  11031300;  11042300 60 60 60 
Rice 10061011;  10061019;  10061091;  10061099;  10062010;  
10062090;  10063010;  10063090;  10064010;  10064090;  
11029011;  11029019;  11031921;  11031929 50 50 50 
Sugar 17011100;  17011200;  170191 00;  17019910;  17019920;  
17019990 70 70 70 
Cotton 52010000;  52030000 33 33 33 
Urea 31021000 90 90 90 
NPK 31052000 51 51 51 
Diammonium phosphate 31053000 51 51 51 
Other chemical fertilizers 31022100;  31022900;  31023000;  31024000;  31025000;  
31026000;  31027000;  31028000;  31029000;  31031000;  
31032000;  31039000;  31041000;  31042010;  31042090;  
31043000;  31049000;  31051000;  31054000;  31055100;  
31055900;  31056000;  31059000 n.a. n.a. n.a. 
Tobacco 55020010;  56012210;  24011010;  24011090;  24012010;  
24012090;  24013000;  24021000;  24022000;  24029000;  24031000;  24039100;  24039900;  48131000;  48132000;  
48139000;  84781000;  84789000 n.a. n.a. n.a. 
Crude oil 27090000 n.a.  n.a. n.a. 
Processed oil 27101110;  27101120;  27101191;  27101911;  27101912;  
27101921;  27101929;  27101922 n.a. n.a. n.a. 
Rapeseed oil 15141100;  15141900;  15149110;  1 5149190;  15149900 Abolished since 1 January 2006 
Soybean oil 15071000;  15079000 Abolished since 1 January 2006 
Palm oil 15111000;  15119010;  151190 90 Abolished since 1 January 2006 
n.a. Not applicable.  These products, although subject to impor t under state trading, are not subject to tariff-rate quotas. 
Source:  Information provided by the authorities.  China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 207 
 
 
  Table AIII.3 
Export products subject to st ate-trading arrangements, 2011  
Product (HS code) Enterprises 
Rice 
10061011;  10061019;  10061091;  10061099;  10062010;  
10062090;  10063010;  10063090;  10064010;  10064090   
COFCO Corporation;  and Jilin  Grain Group Import & Export Co. 
Ltd. 
Maize 
10051000;  10059000;  11042300   
COFCO Corporation;  and Jilin  Grain Group Import & Export Co. 
Ltd. 
Cotton 
52010000;  52030000   
Chinatex Cotton Import and Export Corporation;  Xinjiang Uygur 
Autonomous Region Cotton and Ju te Import and Export Co.;  
Xinjiang Nong Ken Import and Export Co. Ltd.;  and China 
National Cotton Reserve Corporation 
Coal 
27011100;  27011210;  27011290;  27011900;  27021000   
China National Coal Group Corporat ion;  Shanxi Coal Import and 
Export Group Co. Ltd.;  Shenhua Group Corporation Ltd.;  and 
China Minmetals Corporation 
Crude oil 
27090000   
SINOCHEM Corporation;  China International United Petroleum 
& Chemicals Co.;  and China National United Oil Co.  
Processed oil 
27101110;  27101120;  27101191;  27101199;  27101911;  
27101912;  27101919;  27101921;  27101929;  27101991;  27101992;  27101993;  27111100  
SINOCHEM Corporation;  China International United Petroleum 
& Chemicals Co.;   China National United Oil Co.;  China National Offshore Oil Corporation;   and China National Aviation 
Fuel Group Corporation 
Tungsten ore and products 
26110000;  26209910;  28418010;  28418040;  28259012;  
28259019;  28259011;  28418020;  28418030;  28499020;  
81011000;  81019400;  81019700   
STEs listed in MOFCOM Circular Shang Mao Han No.1131 of 
2011  
Antimony ore and products 
26171010;  26171090;  28258000;  81101010;  81101020;  
81102000;  81109000   
STEs listed in MOFCOM Circular Shang Mao Han No. 1131 of 
2011 
Silver 
71061011;  71061019;  71061021;  70161029;  71069110;  
71069190;  71069210;  71069290   
STEs listed in MOFCOM Announcement No. 44 of 2011 
Tobacco 
55020010;  24011010;  24011090;  24012010;  24012090;  
24013000;  24021000;  24022000;  24029000;  24031000;  
24039100;  24039900;  48131000;  48132000;  48139000;  56012210;  84781000;  84789000   
STEs listed in MOFTEC Announcement No. 44 of 2001 
(http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aartic le/b/c/200404/20040400210082
.html) 
Source:  Information provided by the authorities.  WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 208 
  
  Table AIII.4  
Revised vehicle and vessel tax, 1 January 2012 
Tax items Tax unit Standard annual tax 
amount Notes 
Passenger vehicles 
(classified in 
accordance with cylinder capacity 
(displacement) of 
engines) 1.0 l or below Per vehicle ¥60 up to ¥360 Ratified number of 
passengers:  9 or less 
More than 1.0 l up to 1.6 l ¥300 up to ¥540 
More than 1.6 l up to 2.0 l  ¥360 up to ¥660 
More than 2.0 l up to 2.5 l ¥660 up to ¥1,200 
More than 2.5 l up to 3.0 l ¥1,200 up to ¥2,400 
More than 3.0 l up to 4.0 l ¥2,400 up to ¥3,600 
More than 4.0 l ¥3,600 up to ¥5,400 
Commercial vehicles Passenger vehicles Per vehicle ¥480 up to ¥1,440 Ratified number of 
passengers:  more than 9, 
including electric cars 
Cargo vehicles Per tonne of 
complete vehicle 
kerb mass ¥16 up to ¥120 Including semi-trailer 
towing vehicles, three-wheel trucks, low-speed 
cargo trucks, etc. 
Trailers  Per tonne of 
complete vehicle 
kerb mass Calculated as per 50% of the 
tax amount of cargo vehicles  
Other vehicles Special operational 
vehicles Per tonne of 
complete vehicle 
kerb mass ¥16 up to ¥120 Excluding tractors 
Special wheeled 
mechanical vehicles ¥16 to ¥120 
Motorcycles  Per vehicle ¥36 up to ¥180  
Vessels Motor vessels Per tonne of its 
net tonnage ¥3 up to ¥6 Tugboats and non-motor 
barges calculated as per 50% of the tax amount of 
motor vessels 
Yachts  Per meter of its 
length of hull ¥600 up to ¥2,000 
 
Source:  Information provided by the Chinese authorities. China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 209 
 
 
  Table AIII.5 
Excise (or consumption) tax, 2010-11 
Product 2010-11 
Tobacco  
Cigars 36% 
Cigarettes:   
Production procedure  
Cigarettes, if the price is higher than ¥70 per carton 56% plus ¥0.003 per cigarette  
Cigarettes, if the price is lower than ¥70 per carton 36% plus ¥0.003 per cigarette  
Wholesaling procedure 5% 
Some tobacco products 30% 
Alcoholic drinks and alcohol  
White spirit distilled from gr ain, potatoes, or grapes 20% plus ¥1 per kg  
Yellow rice wine ¥240 per tonne 
Beer made from malt, and of a va lue over or equal to US$370 per tonne ¥250 per tonne  
Beer made from malt, and of a value less than US$370 per tonne ¥220 per tonne  
Other fermented beverages 10% 
Ethyl alcohol 5% 
Some cosmetics (apart from skin-care products) 30% 
Precious jewellery, pearls, jade and precious stone  
Gold, silver, platinum jewellery, and diamonds 5% 
Pearls, jade, and precious stones 10% 
Firecrackers and fireworks 15% 
Gasoline  
Motor gasoline and aviation gasoline (containing l ead more than 0.013 g per litre) ¥1.4 per litre 
Motor gasoline and aviation gasoline (containing lead less than 0.013 g per litre) ¥1.0 per litre 
Diesel oil ¥0.8 per litre 
Aviation kerosene ¥0.8 per litre  
Naphtha ¥1.0 per litre 
Solvent ¥1.0 per litre 
Lubricants ¥1.0 per litre 
Fuel oil ¥0.8 per litre 
Motor vehicle tyres 3% 
Motorcycles   
With a cylinder capacity less than or equal to 250 ml 3% 
With a cylinder capacity over 250 ml 10% 
Motor vehicles  
Passenger vehicles with less than 9 seats  
- with a cylinder capacity of less than 1,000 ml 1% 
- with a cylinder capacity of more than 1,000ml but less than 1,500 ml 3% 
- with a cylinder capacity of more than 1,500 ml, but less than 2,000 ml 5% 
- with a cylinder capacity of more than 2,000 ml, but less than 2,500 ml 9% 
- with a cylinder capacity of more than 2,500 ml, but less than 3,000 ml 12% 
- with a cylinder capacity of more than 3,000 ml, but less than 4,000 ml 25% 
- with a cylinder capacity of 4,000 ml or more 40% 
Middle-size or light passenger vehicl es for commercial purposes  5% 
Table AIII.5 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 210 
  
  Product 2010-11 
Some boats 10% 
Some luxury watches, with a unit price higher than ¥10,000 20% 
Golf clubs, balls, and other golf equipment 10% 
Floor boards 5% 
Disposable chopsticks 5% 
Source:  Information provided by the Chinese authorities.  China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 211 
 
 
  Table AIII.6 
Status of selected Central-Government a ssistance measures in China since 2005, as stipulated in relevant laws, regulations and 
rules, and circulars, March 2012 
Measures Incentives Status of the programme, based 
on relevant laws, regulations, rules , circulars, or WTO 
notifications 
(1) Measures notified by China in October 2011   
(a) Assistance to the energy sector and to  environmental protection under takings  
Currently in force   
Preferential tax policies for high or new technol ogy enterprises  Preferential tax treatment  1 January 2008 to present 
Preferential tax treatment for public infrastructure projects that are 
particularly supported by the State   Preferential tax treatment  1 January 2008 to present 
Preferential tax treatment for proj ects for environmental protection, 
water and energy conservation  Preferential tax treatment  1 January 2008 to present 
Preferential tax treatment for building material products produced 
with integrated utilization of resources  Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2008 to present 
Preferential tax policies for Cl ean Development Mechanism  Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2007 to present 
Terminated   
Preferential tax policies for ente rprises which utilize the waste 
materials  Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax treatment for products produced with integrated 
utilization of resources Preferential tax treatment Terminated 30 June 2008 
Preferential tax treatment for building material products produced 
with integrated utilization of resources  Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax treatment for renewable resources  Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Special fund for the industrialization of wind power equipm ent  Financial appropriation Terminated 31 December 2009 
(b) Assistance to small and medium-sized enterprises    
Currently in force    
Fund for supporting technological in novation of the technological 
small and SMEs  Financial appropriation1 January 1999 to present 
Development fund for SMEs Financial appropriation1 January 2004 to present 
Special fund for establishment of service system for SMEs  Financial appropriation1 January 2003 to present 
Fund for international market exploration by SMEs  Financial appropriation1 January 2001 to present 
Preferential tax policies for en terprises making little profits Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2008 to present 
Terminated    
Preferential tax policies fo r township enterprises Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
(c) Assistance to research and development, support for specific industries, assistance for industrial development  
Currently in force    
Preferential tax policies for the research and development of 
enterprises Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2008 to present 
Preferential tax policies for ente rprises transferring technology Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2008 to present 
Research and development fund for industrial technolog ies Financial appropriation 1 January 2002 to present 
Fund for promotion of coordinated development of foreign trade and 
economic relations among regions Financial appropriation 1 January 2000 to present 
Subsidy for scrapping old vehicles Financial appropriation1 January 2002 to present 
Preferential tax policies for integrated circuit industry Preferential tax treatment 1 July 2000 to present 
Fund for research and development of integrated circu it industry Financial appropriation 1 June 2005 to present 
Fund for development of electrical information industry Financial appropriation1 January 1986 to present 
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 212 
  
  Measures Incentives Status of the programme, based 
on relevant laws, regulations, rules , circulars, or WTO 
notifications 
Fund for high technology R&D for packaging industry Financial appropriation1 January 2005 to present 
Terminated    
Preferential tax policies for the research and development of 
enterprises Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for ente rprises transferring technology Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Exemption of tariff and import VAT  for the imported technologies 
and equipment Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax policies for advan ced technology enterprises with 
foreign investment Preferential tax treatmentTerminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises with foreign investment 
recognized as high or new technolo gy enterprises established in the 
State high or new technology industrial development zones Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises recognized as high or new 
technology enterprises established in the State high or new technology industrial development zones Preferential tax treatmentTerminated 31 December 2007a 
Fund for optimizing the import and export structure of mechanical 
and electrical products as well as high-tech products Financial appropriation Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax policies for scien tific research institutions under 
transformation Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Fund for promoting the trade of agri cultural, light industry and textile 
products Financial appropriation Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax policies for foreign invested enterprises and foreign 
enterprises which have establishm ents or place in China and are 
engaged in production or busin ess operations purchasing 
domestically produced equipment Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for do mestic enterprises purchasing 
domestically produced equipment for technology upgrading purpose Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax treatment for raw copper materials Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2005 
Preferential tax treatment for casting and forging products Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax treatment to dies products Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax treatment to nume rically controlled machine tool 
products Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
(d) FDI and regional support   
Currently in force    
Preferential tax policies in the western regions Preferential tax treatment Effective for the sectors listed on 
the Catalogue of Advantageous 
Industries in Central and Western Regions.  
Others were abolished before 
1 January 2011. 
Terminated    
Preferential tax policies for fore ign-invested enterprises   Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007  
Preferential tax policies for fore ign-invested export enterprises Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for foreign- invested enterprises engaged in 
agriculture, forestry or animal husbandry and foreign-invested 
enterprises established in remote underdeveloped areas Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for foreign- invested enterprises engaged in 
energy, transportation infrastructure projects Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 213 
 
 
  Measures Incentives Status of the programme, based 
on relevant laws, regulations, rules , circulars, or WTO 
notifications 
Preferential tax policies for Chines e-foreign equity joint ventures 
engaged in port and dock construction Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterprise s with foreign investment in the 
border cities Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises with foreign investment 
established in Special Economic Zones (excluding Shanghai Pudong 
area) Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises with foreign investment 
established in the costal economic open areas and in the economic and technological development zones Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises with foreign investment 
established in Pudong area of Shanghai Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises with foreign investment 
established in the Three Gorges of Yangtze River Economic Zone Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007a 
Preferential tax policies for ente rprises in Binhai New Area of 
Tianjin Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises established in the poverty 
stricken areas Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
(e) Assistance to agriculture and forestry   
Currently in force    
Preferential tax policies for ente rprises engaged in projects of 
preliminary processing of agricultu ral, forest, animal and fishery 
products Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2008 to present 
Fund for specialized economic cooperatives of farmers Financial appropriation 1 January 2003 to present 
Fund for subsidizing the training of rural migrant labour force Financial appropriation 1 January 2004 to present 
Fund for popularization of agricultural technologies Financial appropriation 1 January 1999 to present 
Fund for subsidizing transformation of agricultural technology Financial appropriation 1 January 2001 to present 
Subsidy for promoting superior strains and seeds Financial appropriation 1 January 2002 to present 
Subsidy for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools Financial appropriation 1 January 1999 to present 
Comprehensive subsidies for agricultural inputs Financial appropriation 1 January 2006 to present 
Direct subsidy to farmers Financial appropriation 1 January 2004 to present 
Fund for agricultural comprehensive development Financial appropriation 1 January 1988 to present 
Preferential tax treatment for imported products for the purpose of 
replacing the planting of poppies Preferential tax treatment 1 January 2000 to present 
Fund for interest discount of loans for the purpose of agricultural 
water-saving irrigation Financial appropriation 1 January 1997 to present 
Subsidy for national key constr uction projects on water and soil 
conservation Financial appropriation 1 January 1983 to present 
Subsidy for prevention from and c ontrol of pest and disease in 
forestry Financial appropriation 1 January 1980 to present 
Subsidy for grass seed sowing by airplanes Financial appropriation 1 January 1984 to present 
Preferential tax policies for enterp rises of grain or oil reserves Preferential tax treatment 1 January 1999 to present 
Preferential tax policies for the relief  grain and disaster relief grain, 
compensation grain for returning cu ltivated land to forests and to 
grassland, and the grain rations for the migrants from the reservoir areas Preferential tax treatment 1 August 1999 to present 
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 214 
  
  Measures Incentives Status of the programme, based 
on relevant laws, regulations, rules , circulars, or WTO 
notifications 
Terminated    
Preferential tax policies on imports of seeds (seedlings), breeding 
stock (fowl), fish fries (breeds) a nd wild animals and plants kept as 
breeds during the period of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2010 
Preferential tax policies for the im ports of China Grain Reserves 
Corporation for the purpose of rotation of grain reserves Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2008 
Fund subsidizing agricultural industrialization and agricultural 
products processing Financial appropriation Terminated 31 December 2008 
Preferential tax policies for key leading enterprises engaged in 
agricultural industrialization Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax policies for the en terprises engaged in forestry Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2007 
Preferential tax treatment for poultry industry Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2006 
Interest discount for poultry industry Financia l appropriation Terminated 31 December 2006 
Preferential tax policies on imports of seeds (seedlings), breeding 
stock (fowl), fish fries (breeds)  and non-profit-making wild animals 
and plants kept as breeds during the period of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" Preferential tax treatment Terminated 31 December 2005 
Fund for training of youngster farmers on science and technology Financial appr opriation Terminated 31 December 2008 
(2) Information from other official and public sourcesb   
(a) Assistance to the energy sector and to environmental protection undertakings  
Currently in force    
Full Purchase on Electricity Generate d by Renewable Energy Government gua rantee  Effective 1 September 2007  
Price Surcharge of Electricity Generated by Renewable Energy Grants  and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 11 January 2007 
Golden Sun Demonstration Project  Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 16 July 2009 
Demonstration Project of Optoelectronic Appli cation Buildings Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 23 March 2009 
Energy Regeneration and Utilization of Straws  and Stalks Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 30 October 2008 
Promotion of high-efficient energy-savi ng products Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 18 May 2009 
(b) Assistance to research and developm ent, support for specific industries, assistance for industrial development  
Currently in force    
Foreign Trade Development Fund Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 20 February 1996 
Promotion of new-energy and energy-saving automobiles Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 26 May 2010 
Domestic appliance to countryside Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Effective 1 December 2007 
Terminated    
Automobiles to countryside Grants and other financial 
assistance by the State Terminated 1 January 2011 
a The scheme terminated on 31 December 2007,  but for eligible enterprises registered  before 16 March 2007, the preference was 
"grandfathered" for a five-year transition period. 
b The Secretariat identified relevant measur es form various sources;  it is not in a position to verify their existence or exte nt.  
Source:  WTO documents G/SCM/N/155/C HN, G/SCM/N/186/CHN, 21 Oct ober 2011 and G/SCM/Q2/CHN/42, 
11 October 2011;  China's various laws, regulations, rules, an d circulars;  and other official and public sources.  
 China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 215 
 
 
  Table AIII.7 
China's membership of international intellectual property rights conventions, 2011 
Convention Status Date of accession 
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works  In force 15 October 1992 
Budapest Treaty on the International Recogniti on of the Deposit of Micro-Organisms for the 
Purposes of Patent Procedures  In force  1 July 1995 
Convention Establishing WIPO In force  3 June 1980 
Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonographs Against Unauthorized Duplication 
of their Phonograms In force  30 April 1993 
International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV Convention) In force  23 April 1999 
Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Cl assification for International Design In force  19 September 1996 
Madrid Agreement Concerning Internati onal Registration of Marks In force  4 October 1989 
Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement concerni ng the International Registration of Marks In force  1 December 1995 
Nice Agreement Concerning the International Cl assification of Goods and Services for the 
Purpose of the Registration of Marks In force  9 August 1994 
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property In force  19 March 1985 
Patent Co-operation Treaty In force  1 January 1994 
Singapore Treaty Signature  
Strasbourg Agreement Concerning International Pa tent Classification In force 19 June 1997 
Trademark Law Treaty (TLT)  Signature  
Washington Treaty on Intellectual Property in re spect of Integrated Circuits Signature  
WIPO Copyright Treaty In force 9 June 2007 
WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty In force 9 June 2007 
Source: WIPO online information.  Viewed at:  http://www. wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults .jsp?country_id=38C&start_ 
year=ANY&end_year=ANY&searc h_what=C&treaty_all=ALL. WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 216 
  
  Table AIV.1 
Summarized trade regimes of maritime transport services 
Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.A.a [International] 
Passenger transport 
CPC 7211 (1) and (2) none 
(3)(a) Establishment of a 
company to fly the 
Chinese flag:  joint 
venture, with foreign participation limited to 
49%, chairman of board 
of directors and the general manager of the 
joint venture appointed 
by the Chinese side.  
(3)(b) other forms of 
commercial, presence: 
Unbound 
(4)(a) and (b)
b unbound 
except as in indicated in 
the horizontal commitments  CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  
same as GATS commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS 
commitments by 
reference 
CHN-ASEAN:  no 
explicit commitments  
CEPA HK, CEPA MAC  
wholly owned 
enterprises for "other 
form of commercial 
presence"  - one MFN exemption 
with unspecified 
beneficiaries, through 
which "The parties 
concerned may, through bilateral agreement, 
establish entities to 
engage in usual business in China either as joint 
ventures or wholly 
owned subsidiaries subject to the Chinese 
laws on joint ventures 
and on foreign capital enterprises for ships 
owned or operated by 
carriers of the parties 
concerned" - cabotage reserved to 
100% Chinese-owned 
companies flying the 
Chinese flag.  No 
waivers granted so far 
- Establishment of a 
company to fly the 
Chinese flag:  as GATS commitments (status quo binding)  
- other forms of 
commercial, presence:  
wholly owned 
subsidiaries allowed and numerous but limited to ports  
- national treatment for 
subsidies and lease back shipping funds schemes 
11.A.b[International] Freight transport  CPC 7212 (1) and (2) liner, bulk 
and others none 
(3)(a) Establishment of a 
company to fly the Chinese flag:  joint 
venture, with foreign participation limited to 
49%, chairman of board 
of directors and the general manager of the 
joint venture appointed 
by the Chinese side 
(3)(b) other forms of com, 
presence:  
Unbound CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER: 
same as GATS 
commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS 
commitments by reference 
CHN-ASEAN:  no 
explicit commitments  
CEPA HK, CEPA MAC: 
- "allowed to use liner 
vessels to freely move empty containers that 
they own or rent among 
ports in mainland China so long as customs 
formalities are 
completed " 
- wholly owned 
enterprises for "other 
form of commercial presence" - one MFN exemption 
with unspecified 
beneficiaries through 
which "The parties concerned may, through 
bilateral agreement, 
establish entities to engage in usual business 
in China either as joint 
ventures or wholly owned subsidiaries 
subject to the Chinese 
laws on joint ventures and on foreign capital 
enterprises for ships 
owned or operated by carriers of the parties concerned." 
- member of the UN 
Code of Conduct for 
Liner Conferences 
- cargo sharing 
agreements with Algeria, 
Argentina, Bangladesh, 
Brazil, Thailand, the 
United States, Democratic Rep. of 
Congo (Zaïre) - cabotage reserved to 
100% Chinese-owned 
companies flying the 
Chinese flag, including for the onward 
forwarding of 
international cargo (international relay) and for empty containers 
- Establishment of a 
company to fly the 
Chinese flag:   as GATS commitments (status quo binding)  
- other forms of 
commercial, presence:  
wholly owned subsidiaries allowed and numerous 
- Cargo sharing clause of 
the UN Code of Conduct 
for Liner Conferences and bilateral cargo 
reservation clauses (see 
previous column) not 
applied 
- no unilateral cargo 
reservation (including on 
food aid and on EXIM bank financed cargo) 
- national treatment for 
subsidies and lease back 
shipping funds schemes  
Table AIV.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 217 
 
 
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.A.c Rental of 
vessels with crew 
CPC 7213  No commitments  No commitments   When a Chinese 
company rents a bareboat with foreign 
nationality, the original 
certificate of nationality is suspended or cancelled 
and the Chinese ship 
registration agency issues a bareboat charter 
registration certificate 
and a temporary certificate of Chinese 
nationality When a 
bareboat with Chinese nationality is leased 
abroad the Chinese ship 
registration agency will suspend or cancel its 
Chinese nationality and 
issue a registration of bareboat charter certificate  
Under Rule 12 of Rules 
for Crew of the People's 
Republic of China the captain and senior crew 
on a ship must be of 
Chinese nationality 
Employment of a 
foreigner as a senior 
crew member must be 
approved by the State Maritime Administrative Agency 
11.A.d Maintenance and repair of vessels 
CPC 8868*  No commitments No commitments  No applied restrictions 
11.A.e Pushing and 
towing services 
CPC 7214  No commitments  No commitments   Reserved to 100% 
Chinese-owned 
companies with Chinese flag vessels as part of 
cabotage.  However, 
some individual ports have foreign 
shareholders which 
implies the existence of some foreign investment in the area of pushing and towing services 
11.A.f Supporting services for maritime transport 
CPC 745*
c No commitments No commitments  CPC74510 (harbour and 
water transport administration service):  
no restriction as to the 
number or nature of the 
company 
CPC7452 (pilot and 
anchor service):  when a 
public pilotage is established in the 
harbour there is a limit to 
the number of tug 
services providers  
Table AIV.1 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 218 
  
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
    CPC74530 (navigation 
services):  provided by 
the Chinese Government 
CPC74540 (vessel 
salvage services):  to 
undertake salvaging of sunken ships or objects 
with commercial value in 
Chinese coastal waters, a foreign firm must sign a 
joint salvage contract 
with a Chinese salvage operator or establish a 
Chinese-foreign salvage 
cooperative enterprise with a Chinese salvage 
operator.  No foreign 
participation is allowed when the owners of 
sunken ships and objects 
engage in the salvage themselves or invite salvage agencies to 
undertake the salvage in 
Chinese coastal waters or when the salvage 
concerns sunken 
warships and weaponry with important military 
value and sunken ships 
and objects confirmed as 
cultural relics 
Maritime cargo 
handling (1) unbound* 
(2) none 
(3) only JV with foreign 
majority allowed CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  
same as GATS 
commitments 
CHN-CHL:  
incorporation of GATS 
commitments by 
reference 
CHN-ASEAN:  no 
explicit commitments 
CEPA HK, CEPA MAC:  
wholly owned 
enterprises   Wholly owned 
subsidiaries allowed and 
numerous 
[Maritime] storage and 
warehousing See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  See Table below on 
auxiliary services to all 
modes of transport  See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  
[Maritime] customs clearance services (1) unbound* 
(2) none 
(3) only JV with foreign 
majority allowed CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  same as GATS commitments 
CHN-CHL:  
incorporation of GATS commitments by reference 
CHN-ASEAN, no 
explicit commitments  
  JV with majority 
ownership allowed except for HK and MAC 
for which 100% wholly 
owned companies are 
permitted  
Table AIV.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 219 
 
 
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  CEPA HK, CEPA MAC:  
wholly foreign owned enterprises to operate 
international shipping 
container depots and stations, or provide 
shipping agency services 
for the vessels that are owned or operated by 
their parent companies, 
including customs clearance and inspection declaration   
Container stations and 
depots (including inland containers depots) (1) unbound* 
(2) none 
(3) only JV with foreign 
majority allowed CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER: same as GATS commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS commitments by reference 
CHN-ASEAN:  no 
explicit commitments  
CEPA HK, CEPA MAC:  
wholly owned 
subsidiaries  Wholly owned 
subsidiaries allowed and 
numerous 
Maritime agency 
services (1) and (2) none 
(3) only JV with foreign 
share limited to 49% CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  
same as GATS 
commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS 
commitments by 
reference 
CHN-ASEAN:  no 
explicit commitments   Classified in the 
"restricted" category in 
the 2011 investment guidance catalogue with 
the indication "Chinese 
should hold the majority 
of the shares" 
- equity JV or 
contractual JV limited to 
49% except for HK and MAC (see "FTAs" column)  
  CEPA HK, CEPA MAC: 
wholly foreign-owned shipping companies to 
provide daily agency 
services for the shipping transport between 
Hong Kong and Class II 
ports in Guangdong Province operated by vessels of Chinese 
mainland that are leased 
by their parent companies.  For 
enterprises providing 
third-party public ship agency services, Chinese 
mainland/Chinese side is 
still required to hold 
majority share    
[Maritime] freight 
forwarding services See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  See Table on auxiliary 
services to all modes of 
transport  
Table AIV.1 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 220 
  
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
Access to use of on 
reasonable and non-discriminatory 
terms and conditions to 
port servicesd Additional commitments 
on all nine services  CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  same as GATS commitments 
CHN-CHL:  
incorporation of GATS commitments by reference 
CHN-ASEAN, CEPA 
HK, CEPA MAC:  no 
explicit commitments   - compulsory pilotage for 
foreign vessels and national treatment on pilotage fees 
- Under relevant 
provisions of the Interim Regulation of the 
People's Republic of 
China on Ship Tonnage Tax, the tonnage tax is 
levied at a preferential 
tax rate for ships from a countries or regions that 
sign  a treaty with China 
or an agreement containing MFN articles on ship taxes 
Access to/use of multimodal transport 
servicese No additional 
commitments  No additional 
commitments -  No restrictions on the 
rent, hire or charter of trucks, railway carriages, 
ships or barges and 
related equipment, for the purpose of onward forwarding of 
international cargoes 
carried by sea, or access to and use of these forms 
of transport services for 
the purpose of providing multimodal transport services 
Sui generis  services No commitments CEPA HK, CEPA MAC: 
wholly foreign-owned enterprises for 
ship chandling, container 
leasing, tugging ship surveys, ship 
management and  
chartering (only between Hong Kong or Macao 
and Guangdong province 
for the latter)  - wholly foreign-owned 
enterprise allowed to offer routine services for 
vessels owned or 
operated by the investor 
- equity JV or 
contractual JV limited to 
49% for international 
ship management  
services  
 
a Composite CPC/maritime m odel schedule classification. 
b I.e. 4(a) ship's crew and 4(b) ke y personnel employed by commercial presen ce as defined under mode (3)(b) above. 
c I.e. port and waterways operations, pilotage and berthing serv ices, navigation aids services, vessels salvage and refloating 
services, other services including cleaning, di sinfecting, fumigating and vermin control. 
d More precisely:  (1) pilotage, (2) towing and the tug assist ance, (3) provisioning, fuelling and watering, (4) garbage collec ting and 
ballast waste disposal, (5)  port captain's services, (6) naviga tion aids, (7) shore-based operat ional services essential to sh ip 
operations including communications, water and electrical supplies, (8) emergency repair facilities, and (9) anchorage, berth a nd 
berthing services. 
e More precisely:  ability to rent, hire or charter trucks, rail way carriages, ships or barges and related equipment, for the p urpose of 
onward forwarding of international cargoes ca rried by sea, or have access to and use of  these forms of transport services for t he 
purpose of providing multimodal transport services. 
 Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120. 
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 221 
 
 
  Table AIV.2 
Summarized trade regimes of inland waterways transport  
Subsectors GATS FTA(1): ASEAN-China, 
Chile-China, CEPA 
Macao, China-China, CEPA Hong Kong, 
China-China FTA(2): Pakistan-China, 
Peru-China, Singapore-
China, New Zealand-China Applied regime 
11.B.a:  Passenger 
transport No commitments No commitments No commitments Reserved to 100% 
Chinese-owned companies flying the 
Chinese flag, catering contracts possible for cruise services 
11.B.b:  Freight transport (1) only international 
shipping in ports 
open to foreign 
vessels is allowed  
(2) no restrictions (3) unbound (4) unbound except 
as indicated in the 
horizontal 
commitments No explicit commitments (1) only international 
shipping in ports open to 
foreign vessels is allowed  
(2) none (3) unbound 
(4) unbound except as 
indicated in the horizontal 
commitments - Reserved to 100% 
Chinese-owned 
companies flying the 
Chinese flag, 
- International 
shipping in ports open to foreign vessels is 
allowed 
- No restrictions for 
consumption abroad 
and access to/use 
barge services  
11.B.c:  Rental of vessels 
with crew No commitments No comm itments No commitments Restrictions on the 
businesses engaged by 
foreign-funded enterprises or foreign 
vessels 
11.B.d:  Maintenance and 
repair of vessels No commitments No commitments No  commitments Restrictions on the 
businesses engaged by 
foreign-funded 
enterprises or foreign 
vessels  
11.B.e:  Pushing and 
towing services  No commitments No commitments No  commitments Restrictions on the 
businesses engaged by 
foreign-funded 
enterprises or foreign 
vessels  
11.B.f:  Supporting 
services for internal 
waterway transport   No commitments No commitments No  commitments Restrictions on the 
businesses engaged by 
foreign-funded 
enterprises or foreign 
vessels  
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 222 
  
  Table AIV.3 
Summarized trade regimes of air transport services 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
A. Subsectors explicitly 
listed by the GATS air 
transport annex     
a. Aircraft repair and 
maintenance (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) only in the form of 
JV, with the Chinese 
side holding the majority of the 
controlling shares or in 
a dominant position, economic needs test (ENT) for licences  CHN-PAK, CHN PER:  same 
as GATS 
CHN-ASEAN, CHN-CHL, 
CHN-NZ,CHN-SGP: 
(1) Unbound* (2) None 
(3) only in the form of JV, with 
the Chinese side holding the 
majority of the controlling 
shares or in a dominant 
position(i.e. no ENT) 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC:  wholly 
owned enterprises  Same as GATS 
commitments  
b. Computer 
reservation services  (1)(a) Foreign computer 
reservations system, when having 
agreements with 
Chinese aviation enterprises and Chinese computer reservation 
system, may provide 
services to Chinese aviation enterprises and 
Chinese aviation agents 
by connecting with Chinese computer reservation system 
(b) Foreign computer 
reservation system may provide services to 
representative offices 
and sales offices established in the 
destination cities in 
China by foreign aviation enterprises 
which have the right to 
engage in business according to the 
bilateral aviation 
agreements  
(c) Direct access to and 
use of foreign computer reservation system by 
Chinese aviation 
enterprises and agents of foreign aviation 
enterprises are subject to 
approval of the General Administration of Civil 
Aviation of China 
(CAAC) 
(2) None (3) Unbound CHN–CHL: 
(1)(a) Foreign computer 
reservation systems may provide services to Chinese aviation enterprises and 
aviation agents by connecting 
through a Chinese computer reservation system  
(an agreement with the Chinese 
computer reservation system is still required but not one with 
the Chinese aviation 
enterprises) 
(b) Direct access to and use of 
foreign computer reservation 
systems by aviation agents are 
subject to the approval of the 
CAAC 
(2) None 
(3) JV with foreign ownership 
limited to  49% and subject to 
an economic needs test (ENT) 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  Same 
as GATS 
CHN-ASEAN, CHN-NZ, 
CHN-SGP: Same as GATS for 
(1) and (2)/(3) JV with foreign ownership limited to 49% and 
subject to an economic needs 
test (ENT) 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC:  JV, the 
Chinese side shall have controlling shares, economic 
needs test for the establishment 
of the JV  - Foreign computer 
reservation system may provide services to 
representative offices 
and sales offices established in the destination cities in 
China by foreign 
aviation enterprises, which have the right to 
engage in business 
according to the bilateral aviation agreements  
- No applications 
received in practice so far for the direct access 
committed under (1)(c) 
of the GATS 
commitments 
- No application yet for 
JV committed  under 
mode 3 in the FTA with ASEAN, CHL, NZ and SGP 
- New draft regulation 
in discussion, no information available yet 
Table AIV.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 223 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
c. Selling and 
marketing of air 
transport services  No commitments  CHN-ASEAN, CHN-NZ, 
CHN-SGP, CHN-PAK, CHN-
PER:  No commitments 
CHN-CHL: (1) None (2) None  
(3) Foreign enterprises, which 
are designated to operate as per 
bilateral air services agreements can establish offices in China  
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC:  the 
complete regime is described in 
footnote
a Foreign enterprises 
which are designated to 
operate as per 
bilateral air services agreements can 
establish offices in 
China Foreign enterprises 
which are designated to operate as per bilateral 
air services agreements  
can establish offices in 
China  
B. Other aviation subsectors      
d. Airport operation 
services - CHN-CHL:   
(1) None (2) None (3) Unbound 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC: 
services suppliers allowed to provide, in the form of cross-
border supply, contractual joint 
venture, equity joint venture or wholly owned operations, 
contract management services 
for small and medium airports.  The period of validity of the 
contract should not exceed 
20 years. 
Services suppliers allowed to 
provide to provide, in the form 
of cross-border supply, 
consumption abroad, contractual joint venture, equity 
joint venture or wholly owned 
operations, airport management training and consultation services  The 2007 and 2011 
catalogues include the 
construction and 
operation of civil airports in the "encouraged" category, 
with the condition that 
the total investment ratio of the Chinese 
investors in foreign-
invested projects should be greater than any 
individual foreign 
investors 
e. Ground handling services - CHN-CHL: 
(1) None (2) None 
(3) JV with foreign ownership 
limited to 49% 
CHN-HK;  CHN-MAC:  
wholly owned operations allowed for seven types of air 
transport ground services:  
agency services;  loading and unloading control, 
communication, and departure 
control system services;  unit load devices management 
services;  passenger and 
baggage services;  cargo and mail services;  ramp services and aircraft services Some bilateral air 
services agreements have preferential 
ground handling 
clauses e.g. China-
US - New draft regulation 
in discussion, no information available yet 
Table AIV.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 224 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
f. Specialty air services  - CHN-CHL: 
(1) None (2) None (3) Unbound  - General aviation 
companies for agriculture forest and 
fishery are classified in 
the "encouraged" category by the 2011 
catalogue but limited to 
equity or contractual JV 
- general aviation 
companies engaging in 
photographing, 
prospecting and industry are classified 
in the "restricted" 
category by the 2011 catalogue with the 
condition that the 
Chinese partner shall hold the majority of the shares 
g. passenger and freight transportation 
services  - - Bilateral air services 
agreements Air transportation 
companies are classified in the "encouraged" category 
by the 2007 catalogue 
with the condition that the Chinese partner 
shall hold the majority 
of the shares 
 
a (1) Macao/Hong Kong air transport sales agencies are allowed to  set up wholly owned air tran sport sales agencies in the 
Mainland, (2) the registered capital requirement will be the same  as that for Mainland enterpri ses, (3) when applying for setti ng 
up wholly owned, equity joint venture or contractual joint vent ure air transport sales agencies in the Mainland are allowed to 
submit the economic guarantee provided by the Mainland incor porated banks or guarantee companies recommended by the 
China Air Transport Association, or to be guaranteed by M acao/Hong Kong banks, on the condition that such guarantee will be 
replaced by the economic guarantee provided by the Mainland incorporat ed banks or guarantee companies recommended by the 
China Air Transport Association within a sp ecified period of time after the Macao se rvice suppliers' applications have been 
approved by the Mainland, (4) they are not required to go thro ugh the substantive preliminary vetting by local representative 
offices of the China Air Transport Association;  the application materials can be submitted direc tly to the China Air Transport  
Association for examination, (5) they are allowed to operate air transport sales agency services in the domestic routes in the 
Mainland, in the form of wholly owned enterprises, equity joint venture or contractual joint venture. 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. 
 China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 225 
 
 
  Table AIV.4 
Summarized trade regimes of selected railways transp ort services and related construction services 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.F.a Passenger 
transportation 
CPC 7111 No commitments  CHN-HK:  Urban and  
suburban passenger 
transportation 
(CPC 71112):  HK 
services suppliers are allowed to construct, 
operate and manage the 
Shenzen metro line 4 project in Shenzen in the 
form of wholly owned 
operations  Urban and suburban 
passenger rail transport:  
- construction and 
management of metro and 
city light rail are classified by the 2011 investment 
catalogue in the 
"encouraged" category with the condition that the 
Chinese partner shall hold 
the majority of the shares 
- draft new regulation in 
discussion Interurban 
passenger and freight rail transport services:  Centrally 
dispatched network.  Most of 
the lines are constructed and managed by the Ministry of 
Railways but for some lines 
(about 10%) there are joint ventures with foreign 
interests
a ensuring both the 
construction and the 
operations of the lines   
- "railways passenger 
transportation companies" 
are classified in the 
"restricted" category in the 
investment catalogue with the condition that the 
Chinese partner shall hold 
the majority of the shares  
- construction of railways, 
the construction of "grid of 
national trunk railways" and "feeder railways, local 
railways and related bridges, 
tunnels and ferries facilities", the "construction and 
management of metro city 
light rail" and the "comprehensive maintenance 
of infrastructure of high 
speed railways, special railway line and intercity line" in the "encouraged" 
category for foreign 
investments 11.F.b. Freight 
transportation 
CPC 7112 (1) and (2) None 
(3) Wholly owned 
subsidiaries permitted  CHN-CHL:  same as 
GATS by 
cross-reference  
CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, CHN PAK, CHN-PER: 
same as GATS 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC: 
no explicit commitments  
Part of 3.B general 
construction  work for 
civil engineering : 
- part of CPC 51310 
general construction  
work for civil 
engineering for 
[highways, streets,  roads], railways [and airfield runways] 
- part of CPC 5320 
general construction  
work for civil engineering for 
[highways, streets,  
roads], railways for bridges, elevated 
highways, tunnels and   
subways  (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) Wholly foreign-
owned enterprises 
permitted.  Those wholly 
foreign-owned 
enterprises can only undertake the following 
four types of 
construction projects: 
1. Construction projects 
wholly financed by 
foreign investment and or grants  
2. Construction projects 
financed by loans of 
international  financial institutions  and awarded 
through international 
tendering according to 
the terms of loans 
3. Chinese-foreign 
jointly constructed projects with foreign 
investments equal to or more than 50% and Chinese-foreign jointly 
constructed projects with 
foreign investment less than 50% but technically 
difficult to be 
implemented by Chinese construction companies alone CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-CHL, CHN-NZ, 
CHN-SGP, CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  same as GATS 
CHN-MAC:  see 
complete regime in 
footnote
b  
Table AIV.4 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 226 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
 4. Chinese invested 
construction projects, 
which are difficult be implemented by Chinese 
construction enterprises 
alone can be undertaken by Chinese and foreign 
construction enterprises 
with the approval of 
provincial government   In all cases the condition is 
that the Chinese partner shall 
hold the majority of the 
shares except for the "construction of feeder 
railways, local railways and 
related bridges, tunnels and ferries facilities" where 
equity joint-ventures and 
contractual joint-ventures are allowed without a ceiling of foreign participation 
Those companies  procure by 
tendering centrally regulated 
fees for access rights on 
tracks owned by the private 
companies 
- private companies debts are 
not guaranteed by the 
Chinese State and according 
to the Ministry of Railways 
all lines are profitable,  
- the State does not provide 
subsidies to any for the private companies  
- Three railways companies 
are publicly listed 
 
a There has also been foreign investment in rail container yards but these are classified under se rvices auxiliary to all modes  of 
transport and not under railways transport services. 
b Excerpts relating to construction commitments from both CEPA s and their supplements "(1) for construction enterprises set up in 
the Mainland by Macao/Hong Kong service su ppliers, the performance of both the enterprises in Macao/Hong Kong and in the 
Mainland is taken into account in assessing the qualification of the construction enterprises in the Mainland.  However, the 
number of managerial and technical staff in the construction enterprises in the Ma inland will be the actual number of staff 
working there, (2) to allow Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers to wholly acquire c onstruction enterprises in the Mainland, 
(3) Construction enterprises in the Mainland set up with invest ment by Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers are exempted from 
foreign investment restrictions when undertaking Chinese-forei gn joint construction projects, (4) construction enterprises in t he 
Mainland with investment by Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers w ill follow the relevant laws and regulations in the Mainland 
for application of construction qualifica tion certificates.  Those which have acqui red such certification are permitted in 
accordance with laws to bid for construction projects in all part s of the Mainland, (5) for cons truction enterprises set up in the 
Mainland by Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers, the construction contract performance of the enterprises both in the Mainland 
and outside the Mainland is taken into acc ount in assessing the qualification of the c onstruction enterprises in the Mainland.  The 
total managerial and technical staff of th e construction enterprises in the Mainland should be based on the actual employed sta ff 
in the Mainland for the purpose of proceed ing qualification assessment, (6) there w ill be no restriction on the proportion of 
Macao/Hong Kong permanent residents bein g project managers approved by the qua lification administration authorities for 
construction enterprises in the Mainland set up by Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers , (7) Macao/Hong Kong service suppliers 
who have already obtained the certificate of approval for estab lishment of enterprises with investment of Chinese Taipei, 
Hong Kong and Macao in the Mainla nd but have not yet obtained th e construction enterprise qualif ication certificate may apply, 
before 1 July 2005, for a certificate for undertaking single cons truction project based on their signed construction contract a nd 
"Construction Qualification Certificate fo r Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong and Macao Ente rprise".  Subject to the preliminary 
vetting and agreement of construction admini stration department at provincial level,  the application will be processed by the 
Ministry of Construction, (8) the residency requirement is  waived for Macao/Hong Kong perm anent residents employed as 
engineering technical staff and economic managerial staff in construction enterprises in the Mainland set up by Macao/Hong 
Kong service suppliers."   
For Hong Kong only: (1) from the signing date of this agre ement and before promulgation of the new "Standards for the 
Qualifications of Construction Enterprises" , the recognition policy of the then Minist ry of Construction for Hong Kong Project 
Managers concerning the qualification asse ssment of Hong Kong-invested constructio n enterprises with Mainland will remain 
unchanged.  The recognition of Hong Kong Pr oject Managers will remain valid for the purpose of qualification administration of 
such enterprises employing them originally , (2) after promulgation of the new "Standard s for the Qualifications of Construction  
Enterprises", the originally recognized Hong Kong Project Managers will be allowed to continue to act as Project Managers of 
projects that they contracted or have commenced construc tion before promulgation of th e standards, until completion. 
 
 China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 227 
 
 
  Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 228 
  
  Table AIV.5 
Summarized trade regimes of road transport 
Road transport services 
– subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.F.a:  Passenger 
transportation services No commitments  CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-SGP, 
CHN PAK,CHN-PER: 
CPC7213 Interurban 
regular transportation:  (1) 
and (2) unbound, (3) only in the form of joint 
ventures, with foreign 
investment limited to 49% and economic needs test 
required + at least one of 
the investors must have more than five years' 
experience in the sector 
within China + the duration of the joint 
venture shall not exceed 
12 years but can be prolonged to 20 if more 
than 50% of the registered 
capital has been used in the construction of  
passenger terminals 
(4) unbound except as 
indicated in the horizontal 
commitments 
CHN-CHL,CHN-NZ:  no 
commitments 
CHN-HKC, CHN-MAC: 
at least one of the 
investors must have more than five years' experience in the sector within China 
wholly owned foreign 
subsidiaries allowed to 
provide road passenger transport services in the 
western areas of the 
Mainland of China 
right to set up joint 
venture to provide 
interurban regular  passenger transportation international road 
transport agreements  (with Kazakhstan, 
Kyrgyz Republic, Russia, Mongolia, 
Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, 
Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 
Pakistan, Nepal, Laos, 
Viet Nam) sharing 50/50 bilateral quotas defined annually  
Three plurilateral 
agreements
a: 
- China Kyrgyz 
Republic and 
Uzbekistan ,(not yet 
implemented) 
- China, Kazakhstan, 
Pakistan and the Kyrgyz Republic  
- Cross-Border 
Transport Agreement 
of the Great Mekong Sub-Region 
(CBTA-GMS) China, 
Laos, Viet Nam Thailand, Cambodia and Myanmar   Only joint ventures + at 
least one of the main investors must be an 
enterprise that has been engaging in the business 
of road passenger 
transport for over five years, +, the share of 
foreign investment shall 
be limited to 49%, + 50% of the registered capital 
shall be used in the 
construction or reconstruction of the 
infrastructure of passenger 
transport + the vehicles used shall be of the 
middle or upper level, + 
the duration of the joint venture shall not exceed 12 years but can be 
prolonged to 20 if more 
than 50% of the registered capital has been used in 
the construction of 
passenger terminals 
- no specific regulation  or 
mention in the investment 
catalogue for urban road passenger transport 
  right to provide direct 
passenger bus services 
between Hong Kong or Macao and nine 
provinces, 
right to set up wholly 
owned enterprises in Mainland cities to provide 
passenger public transport and hire car services in those cities   
Table AIV.5 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 229 
 
 
  Road transport services 
– subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.F.b:  Freight 
transportation (1) and (2) none 
(3) wholly owned 
foreign subsidiaries 
are permitted 
(4) unbound except as 
indicated in the 
horizontal 
commitments (1) and (2) none 
(3) wholly owned foreign 
subsidiaries are permitted 
(4) unbound except as 
indicated in the horizontal 
commitments 11 international road 
transport agreements  
(with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, 
Russia, Mongolia, 
Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Democratic People's 
Republic of Korea, 
Pakistan, Nepal, Laos, Viet Nam) sharing 
50/50 bilateral quotas 
defined annually  
Three plurilateral 
agreements
a: 
- China Kyrgyz 
Republic and 
Uzbekistan , 
- China, Kazakhstan, 
Pakistan and the 
Kyrgyz Republic  
- Cross-Border 
Transport Agreement 
of the Great Mekong Sub-Region 
(CBTA-GMS) China, 
Laos, Viet Nam Thailand, Cambodia and Myanmar Investment in cross-border 
automobile transportation 
companies are classified in the "restricted" category 
by the 2011 Catalogue for 
the Guidance of Foreign 
Investment Industries  
The duration of the joint 
venture shall not exceed 12 years but can be 
prolonged to 20 if more than 50% of the registered 
capital has been used in 
the construction of goods 
terminals 
- Wholly owned 
subsidiaries permitted 
11.F.c:  Rental of 
commercial vehicles 
with operators No commitments  No commitm ents  China is currently 
formulating laws and 
regulations regarding the 
car rental industry 
11.F.d:  maintenance and 
repair of road transport 
equipment No commitments CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-SGP, CHN-PAK,CHN-NZ:  
(1) and 2):  none, (3) wholly owned subsidiaries permitted 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC:  
free establishment of 
repair stations in Guangdong province 
subject to the approval of 
the provincial authorities 
CHN-CHL,CHN-PER:  
no commitments  Wholly owned 
subsidiaries permitted  
11.F.e:  Supporting 
services for road 
transport  No commitments  No  commitments except 
CHN-HK and CHN-MAC 
free establishment of passenger station in 
Guangdong province 
subjectb to the approval of 
the provincial authorities   At present China does not 
impose government 
mandatory measures on fee- or contract-based 
maintenance and minor 
repair service for business 
vehicles 
 
a For more elements on those plurilateral agreements see WTO document S/C/W/324, pp. 37-38. 
b The CEPAs with Hong Kong and Macao SARs contain commit ments on "road freight transport station (depot)" but these 
services are classified in another categor y than supporting services for road trans port (services auxiliary to all modes of 
transport).  The same goes for "driver training" commitments (education services).  However bus station/passenger terminal 
services are classified by the CPC as supporting services for road transport. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 230 
  
  Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 231 
 
 
  Table AIV.6 
Summarized trade regimes of services auxiliary to all modes of transport 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
11.h.a. Cargo handling 
services (CPC741) No commitments except 
for maritime (see 
maritime Table above) No commitments except 
for maritime (see 
maritime Table above)  Quantitative limitation 
via the granting of licences by the 
Government 
11.H.b. Storage and 
warehousing  
(CPC 742) (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) wholly owned 
foreign subsidiaries 
permitted CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER: 
same as GATS 
commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS 
commitments by reference 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC: 
wholly owned 
enterprises and national treatment for minimum registered capital  "Construction and 
management of storage 
facilities relating to 
transportation services" 
are classified in the "encouraged" category of 
the 2011 Catalogue for 
Guidance of Foreign 
Investment Industries  
Wholly owned 
subsidiaries permitted 
11.H.c. Freight 
transport agency  
(CPC 748) 
 
11.H.d. Other services 
auxiliary to all modes 
of transport (CPC 749) "freight forwarding 
agency services 
(CPC 748-749) excluding freight inspection but including 
NVOCC
a: 
(1) None 
(2) None 
(3) Wholly foreign 
owned subsidiaries 
permitted CHN-ASEAN, 
CHN-NZ, CHN-SGP, 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER: same as GATS 
commitments 
CHN-CHL: 
incorporation of GATS commitments by 
reference 
CHN HK, CHN MAC: 
wholly owned 
enterprises for freight 
forwarding (+ national 
treatment for minimum registered capital and 
right to set up branch 
offices upon full payment of registered capital) and for NVOCC  Wholly foreign owned 
subsidiaries permitted 
 
a Non-vessel operating common carrier. 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 232 
  
  Table AIV.7 
Summarized trade regimes of tourism and travel-related services  
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
9.A. Hotels and 
restaurants including 
catering  
CPC 641-643 (1) and (2) none 
(3) wholly foreign 
owned subsidiaries 
permitted 
(4) foreign managers, 
specialists including 
chefs and foreign 
executives who have signed contracts with 
joint-venture hotels and 
restaurants shall be permitted to provide services in China  CHN-ASEAN:  No 
commitments 
CHN-CHL:  GATS 
commitments incorporated 
by reference 
CHN-NZ,CHN-SGP, CHN-
PAK, CHN-PER CHN-HK, 
CHN-MAC:  same as GATS  Wholly owned 
subsidiaries permitted 
 
9.B. Travel agencies  
and tour operators  
services CPC 7471 Market access: 
(1) and (2) none 
(3) wholly foreign 
owned subsidiaries allowed, no restrictions 
on branching and 
national treatment on 
registered capital 
National treatment: (1) and (2) none 
(3) None except that 
joint ventures or wholly 
owned travel agencies 
and tour operators are not permitted to engage 
in the activities of 
Chinese travelling abroad and to 
Hong Kong, China, 
Macao, China and 
Chinese Taipei CHN-ASEAN:  No 
commitments 
CHN-CHL same as GATS + 
business scope limitations to 
(a) travel and hotel 
accommodation  services  
which can be made directly with transportation  and  hotel operators  in China 
covering such operations  
(b) travel services and hotel accommodation services for 
domestic travellers, which 
can be made directly with transportation and hotel 
operators in China covering 
such operations   
CHN-NZ and CHN-SGP:  
same as GATS 
CHN-PAK, CHN-PER:  Market access: (1), (2) and (3) none National treatment: Same as GATS CHN-HK,CHN-MAC 
Travel agents from 
HK/MAC established in 
nine provinces and the municipalities of Beijing and 
Shanghai may organize 
group tours to HK and MAC 
respectively 
- for HK and MAC travel 
agencies hoping to develop 
business in Guangdong 
Province, the National Tourism Administration and 
the Ministry of Commerce 
have entrusted Guangdong Provincial Tourism 
Administration and the 
Department of Foreign Trade and Economic 
Cooperation for acceptance 
and approval  - pilot programme to 
allow foreign travel agencies to engage in 
outbound tourism 
(three foreign travel agencies already designated) 
- wholly foreign-owned 
subsidiaries allowed, no 
restrictions on branching and national treatment on registered capital 
- Approved destination 
status (ADS) required for countries wishing to 
receive outbound 
Chinese tourist groups   
Table AIV.7 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/264 
 Page 233 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
9.C. Tourist guides 
services CPC 7472 No commitments No co mmitments except for 
CHN-HK and CHN-MAC: 
HK and MAC permanent 
residents with Chinese 
citizenship may take the "Mainland Qualification 
Examination for Tourist  
Guide" 
MAC/HK permanent 
residents with Chinese 
citizenship are allowed to 
obtain tour group escort 
licences for outbound group tours and to be employed in 
the Mainland by 
international travel agencies that have been authorized to 
operate outbound tour 
groups and by Macao and Hong Kong travel agencies 
that are allowed to operate 
outbound group tours to 
Hong Kong and Macao  Reserved to Chinese 
nationals having 
obtained the relevant 
degree 
9. D. Other No commitments No commitments - - 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. 
 WT/TPR/S/264 Trade Policy Review 
Page 234 
  
  Table AIV.8 
Summarized trade regimes of environmental servicesa 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
6.A Sewage services 
CPC 9401 (1) unbound except for 
consultation services 
(2) none (3) only in the form of 
joint ventures with 
foreign majority 
ownership allowed  CHN-ASEAN,CHN-
CHL, CHN-NZ,CHN-SGP,CHN-PAK,  
(1), (2) same as GATS 
(3) wholly 
foreign-owned 
enterprises permitted 
CHN-PER:  same as 
GATS 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC. 
Wholly foreign-owned 
enterprises permitted, 
delegation to the Guangdong province of 
the approval of the 
qualification of HK/MAC suppliers 
setting up enterprises 
engaging in environmental pollution control facilities in Guangdong.  "Construction and 
management of treatment 
plants for sewage, garbage, 
the dangerous wastes (incineration and landfill) 
and the facilities of 
environment pollution treatment" are classified by 
the 2007 investment 
guidance catalogue in the 
"encouraged" category. 
"Construction and 
management of sewage 
nets" are classified in the "restricted" category 
- the "rules on the 
administration of facilities 
for environmental 
treatment" guarantee national treatment to foreign investors regarding 
licensing procedures and 
BOT schemes for: 
- treatment of waste water 
and of solid waste and the 
construction of the related 
facilities 
- energy conserving and 
emission reduction projects, 
including clean 
developments mechanism 
projects  
- treatment of pollutants and 
related professional services 
- experimental 
BOT/concessions schemes 
in Beijing and Tianjin on 
the treatment of waste water 
and solid waste. 
- wholly foreign-owned 
companies allowed (e.g. 
environmental impact 
evaluation, waste water and 
solid waste management) 6.B Refuse disposal 
services 
CPC 9402 
6.C Cleaning services 
of Exhaust gases  
CPC 9404 
6.D Noise abatement 
services  
6.E.Nature and Landscape Protection Services (CPC 9406) CHN-ASEAN,CHN-
CHL, CHN-NZ,CHN-SGP: 
(1), (2) same as GATS 
(3) wholly 
foreign-owned 
enterprises permitted  
CHN-PAK:  CHN-PER:  
same as GATS 
CHN-HK, CHN-MAC 
Wholly foreign-owned 
enterprises permitted, 
delegation to the Guangdong province of 
the approval of the 
qualification of HK/MAC suppliers 
setting up enterprises 
engaging in environmental pollution 
control facilities in 
Guangdong F. Other 
Environmental 
Protection Services (CPC 9409) 
G. Sanitation Services 
(CPC 9403) 
 
a The order and structure of the subsectors followed are those of the Chinese GATS Commitments and not those of 
MTN.GNS/W/120.  The GATS and FTA Chinese commitments excl ude "environmental quality monitoring and pollution source 
inspection" save for the CEPAs with Hong Kong, China and Macao, China, where part ial commitments (regarding qualification) 
are undertaken for environmental pollution control facilities. 
 Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal commitments".  Entries have sometime s 
been summarized so as to fit w ithin the tables but their substance has been pr eserved and the text ch ecked by the examined 
member.  "Unbound*" means unbound due to lack of technical feasib ility.  A Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g.  
CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unles s otherwise explicitly stated.  The nomencla ture used for the first column of the 
table is that of WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120.  
 
Source: Compiled by the WTO Secretariat. 
__________