RESTRICTED  WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
6 June 2005 
 (05-2311) 
Council for Trade in Services 
Special Session  Original:   English 
 
  
SINGAPORE 
 
Revised Services Offer   
 
 The following initial offer has been recei ved from the delegation of Singapore, on 
31 May 2005, with the request that it be circulated  to Members of the Council for Trade in Services. 
  
_______________ 
 
 
1. In accordance with the mandat es agreed to in paragraph 15 of the Doha Development Agenda 
and Paragraph 1(e) of WT/L/579,  dated 2 August 2004, submitted he rewith is Singapore’s revised 
services offer. 
 
2. This revised offer is presented without prej udice to Singapore’s rights to amend, withdraw or 
modify it in any manner whatsoever and at any point of time before the conclusion of these 
negotiations, particularly in response to the level of  offers made by other Me mbers.  Singapore further 
reserves the right to make technical amendments to  this offer and make corrections to rectify any 
errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in this offer as well as to clarify and interpret the terms and 
conditions of this offer.  3. The classification of service sectors in this revised offer is based on the 1991 provisional Central Product Classification (CPC) of the Unite d Nations Statistical Office unless otherwise 
indicated by the absence of a CPC number.  The or dering reflects the services sectoral classification 
list as used in the GATT document MTN.GNS/W/120 dated 10 July 1991.   
 4. The editorial conventions used in this revi sed offer follow the guidelines established by the 
WTO Secretariat in JOB(02)/88 and JOB(05/6), i.e.:  
BOLD  – New text 
STRIKE OUT
 – Deleted text 
ITALICS  – Where any new or deleted text constitute s merely a technical refinement that does 
not alter the scope or substance of an existing commitment 
SHADED – Changes made on top of Singapore’ s initial offer dated 10 July 2003.   
 
In addition:  {  } – information annotated solely for the purpo ses of explanations and does not form part of 
the proposed commitment TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
Page 2  
 
5. Please direct any queries on this offer to:  
 (i) Peter Govindasamy (Mr.) 
Permanent Mission of Singapore to the UN - Geneva Tel: (41) 022 929 6642 
Fax: (41) 022 929 6658 
E-mail: peter_govindasamy@mti.gov.sg 
 
(ii) Joshua Lee (Mr.) 
Ministry of Trade and Industry 
Tel: (65) 6332 3171 
Fax: (65) 6334 5848 E-mail: joshua_lee@mti.gov.sg
 
 
 
(iii) Seah Kwang Wee (Mr.) 
Ministry of Trade and Industry Tel: (65) 6332 8445 Fax: (65) 6334 5848 E-mail: seah_kwang_wee@mti.gov.sg
 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 3SINGAPORE – SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 
Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS 
 
 ALL SECTORS  
 INCLUDED IN THIS   SCHEDULE 
    
 
 I. 4) Presence of natural persons unbound, except 
for intra-corporate transferees (see below) 
 I.4) Unbound 
   
 II. 4) Temporary movement of skilled personnel 
unbound except for the temporary movement 
of intra-corporate transf erees at the level of 
managers, executives and specialists. Intra-corporate transferees refers to managers, 
executives and specialists, as defined below, 
who are employees of firms that provide services within Singapore through a branch, 
subsidiary, or affiliate established in 
Singapore and who have been in the prior employ of their firms outside Singapore for a 
period of not less than one year immediately 
preceding the date of their application for admission and who are one of the following: 
 II. Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 4  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
   (a) Managers – persons within an organization 
who primarily direct the organization, or a 
department or sub- division of the 
organization, supervise and control the work of other supervisory, professional or 
managerial employees, have the authority to 
hire  and fire or recommend hiring, firing, or other personnel actions (such as 
promotion or leave authorization), and 
exercise discretionary authority over day-to-day operations.  Does not include first-line 
supervisors, unless the employees 
supervised are profe ssionals, nor does it 
include employees who primarily perform 
tasks necessary for the provision of the 
service.  
  
  
  (b) Executives  - persons within the organization 
who primarily direct the management of the 
organization, exercise wide latitude in 
decision-making, and receive only general 
supervision or direction from higher-level executives, the board of directors or 
stockholders of the business. Executives 
would not directly perform tasks related to the actual provision of the service or services 
of the organization. 
   
  (c) Specialists  – persons within an organization 
who possess knowledge at an advanced level 
of expertise and who possess proprietary knowledge of the organization's service, 
research equipment, techniques, or 
management.  (Specialists may include, but are not limited to, members of licensed 
professions). 
     TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 5Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
  Entry for these intra -corporate  transferees is 
limited to a three  year period that may be 
extended for up to two additional years for a total 
term not to exceed five years  
 
Entry for these intra corporate transferees is 
limited to a two year period that may be extended for up to three additional years each time for a 
total term not exceeding eight years.   
   
  III. 3)  Commercial presence, right of 
establishment and movement of 
juridical persons are subject to compliance with the following 
provisions: 
  
  - A foreigner who wishes to register a 
business firm must have a local 
manager who should be a Singapore citizen or a Singapore Permanent 
Resident or a Singapore Employment 
Pass holder.  (However, a foreigner who is a Singapore Permanent 
Resident or a Singapore Employment 
Pass holder can register a business without appointing a local manager.) 
  
  - At least one director of the company 
must be locally resident 
  
  - All branches of foreign companies 
registered in Singapore must have at 
least 2 locally resident agents.  (To qualify as locally resident, a person 
should be either a Singapore citizen or 
Singapore Permanent Resident or Singapore Employment Pass holder.)   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 6  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
   
IV. 1), 2), 3), 4)  Specific commitments in market 
access in any sector or subsector, through any 
 mode of delivery, shall not be construed  to override the limitations established in 
 the financial services sector 
  
IV. None  
 
  
   
 
  
V.  1), 2), 3), 4)   Unbound for subsidies except 
for specific commitments contained in WTO 
document GATS/SC/76 (15 April 1994), GATS/SC/76 Suppl.2 (11 April 1997) and 
GATS/SC/76/Suppl.3 (26 Feb 1998) 
  
II. SECTOR SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 
 
1.  BUSINESS SERVICES 
    
A. Professional Services 
    
b.  Accounting/Auditing  
 Services 
(CPC 8621) 
 1) None, other than public accountants must be 
effectively resident in Singapore or at least one 
of the partners of the firm must be effectively 
resident in Singapore 
 
2) None 
3) As in mode 1)  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal  
Section  
 1) None 
 
 
  
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
 
  
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 7Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
c. Taxation Services    
 Taxation Services  
 
 
 1) None, othe r than public accountants must be 
effectively resident in Singapore or at least one 
of the partners of the firm must be effectively 
resident in Singapore.  Only Public Accountants 
registered with the Public Accountants Board 
Singapore can practise as tax C onsultants for 
local tax laws.  
 
2) None  
3) As in mode 1)  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
 
 
  
 
  
2)
 None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
  
 
Taxation services except for other 
tax-related services (CPC 863**) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
Other tax-related services (CPC 
86309**) 1) None, other than public accountants  
 must be effectively resident in   Singapore or at least one of the partners  
 of the firm must be effectively resident  
 in Singapore.  Only Public Accountants   registered with the Public Accountants  
 Board Singapore can practise as tax  
 Consultants for local tax laws. 2) None 
3) As in mode 1) 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the  
 horizontal section 
 1) None 
  
 
  
 
 2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 8  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
d. Architectural Services 
(CPC 8671) 1) None 
2) None 
3) Limited Corporations  
- Only registered architect or allied professionals 
(Professional Engineers or Land Surveyors) shall 
be director of the corporation 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
 - Not less than two-thirds or such lower proportion 
as the Minister for National Development may 
specify in relation to any corporation of each 
class of shares of the corporation shall be beneficially owned by and registered architects 
or allied professionals wh o are either directors, 
managers or employees of the corporation. 
   
 - Architectural work in Singapore will be under 
the control and management of a director of the corporation who is a registered architect 
ordinarily resident in Singapore and who has a 
valid certificate and is registered owner of at 
least one share of the corporation. 
   
  Unlimited Corporation  
- Only registered architects or allied professionals 
(Professional Engineers or Land Surveyors) shall be a director of the corporation 
   
 - The articles of association of the corporation 
provide that any person who is neither a 
registered architect nor an allied professional, or 
is a nominee of such a person, or is not a director, manager or employee of the 
corporation, shall not be registered as a member 
of that corporation 
     TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 9Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 - The business of the corporation, so far as it 
relates to architectural services, will be under the 
control and management of a director of the 
corporation who: 
   
  - is a registered archit ect ordinarily resident in 
Singapore;  
 - has in force a practising certificate 
authorizing him to engage in the practice of 
architecture; and 
 - is a member, or a registered owner of at least 
one share, of the corporation 
   
  Partnership  
- The partnership consists of only registered 
architects with valid prac tising certificates and 
allied professionals; and 
   
 - The supply of architectural services in Singapore 
will be under the control and Management of a 
partner who is a Registered architect, ordinarily 
resident in Singapore and who has a valid practising certificate.   
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
  
4) Unbound   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 10  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
e. Engineering Services 
(CPC 8672**) 
 The sectors covered by  
 Engineering services are:   
  
  
 
(a) Civil engineering services 
(b) Production engineering services 
(c) Mechanical engineering services (d) Electrical engineering services 
(e) Electronic engineering services 
(f) Aeronautical engineering services (g) Marine engineering services 
(h) Naval architectural engineering 
services 
(i) Industrial engineering services 
(j) Chemical engineering services 
  1) None 
 
 2) None 
3) Limited Corporations
 
- Only registered Professional Engineers or allied 
professionals (registered Architects or Land 
Surveyors) shall be director of the corporations 
 1) None, other than engineers should be 
effectively resident in Singapore 
 2) None 
3) None  
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 11Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 - Not less than two-thirds or such lower proportion 
as the Minister for National Development may 
specify in relation to any corporation of each 
class of shares of the corporation shall be beneficially owned by and registered in the 
names of registered Professional Engineers or 
allied professionals 
   
 - Professional engineering work in Singapore will 
be under the control and Management of a 
director of the Corpora tion who is a registered 
owner of at least one sh are of the corporation; 
who is a registered Pr ofessional Engineer 
ordinarily resident in Singapore and who has a 
valid Certificate 
   
  Unlimited Corporation  
- Only registered Professional Engineers or allied 
professionals (registered Architects or Land Surveyors) shall be a director of the corporation 
   
 - The articles of association of the corporation 
provide that any person who is neither a 
registered Professional Engineer nor an allied 
professional, or is a nominee of such a person, or is not a director, manager or employee of the 
corporation, shall not be registered as a member 
of that corporation 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 12  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 - The business of the corporation, so far as it 
relates to professional engineering work, will be 
under the control and management of a director 
of the corporation who: 
   
  - is a registered Professional Engineer 
ordinarily resident in Singapore;  has in 
force a practising certif icate authorizing him 
to engage in such professional engineering 
work; and-is a member, or a registered 
owner of at least one share, of the corporation 
   
  Partnership  
 
- The partnership consists of only registered 
Professional Engineers with valid practising certificates and allied professionals; and 
   
 
 
  - Professional engineering work in each discipline 
of engineering in Singapore will be under the 
control and management of a partner who is a registered Professional Engineer in the relevant 
discipline, ordinarily resident in Singapore and 
who has a valid practising certificate. 
  
 
   
 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 4) Unbound 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 13Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
g. Landscaping services  
(CPC 86742 **)  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the  
 horizontal section  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
Medical Services , specifically 
General Medical Services 
(CPC 93121) and Specialised 
Medical Services (CPC 93122)  
 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 3) None, other than the number of new foreign 
doctors registered each year may be limited 
depending on the total supply of doctors 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
 
 
4) Unbound 
  
 
 Dental Services 
(CPC 93123) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
 
i. Veterinary Services 
(CPC 932) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
  TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 14  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
B. Computer and Related Services    
 Computer Services 
 
 The services covered  are: 
 - Software development  - Systems Integration  
  Services 
 - Data processing  - Data base services 
 
Telecommunication
-related  
services are excluded  (See  
Value -Added Network  
(VAN) services)  Commitments in 
Telecommunication services are 
recorded in 2.C of the Schedule of Specific Commitments.  
  
 
1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
C. Research and Development 
Services 
    
a. R&D services on natural 
sciences, specifically 
biotechnology services and 
industrial research 
(CPC 851**) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
  
 
b. R&D services on social sciences 
and humanities, specifically economic and behavioural 
research  
(CPC 852**) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound  
  
c. Interdisciplinary R&D services 
for projects undertaken by 
education institutions  
(CPC 853** ) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 15Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
D. Real Estate Services     
a. Residential and non-residential 
property management services 
on a fee or contract basis 
 (CPC 82201, 82202) 
 1) None, except that only the Sentosa 
Development Corporation is allowed to 
develop and manage th e resort island of 
Sentosa and its waterways and the Southern 
Islands of Singapore. 
2) None 
3) None, except that only the Sentosa 
Development Corporation is allowed to 
develop and manage th e resort island of 
Sentosa and its waterways and the Southern 
Islands of Singapore. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None, except that only the Sentosa 
Development Corporation is allowed to 
develop and manage th e resort island of 
Sentosa and its waterways and the 
Southern Islands of Singapore. 
2) None 
3) None, except that only the Sentosa 
Development Corporation is allowed to 
develop and manage th e resort island of 
Sentosa and its waterways and the 
Southern Islands of Singapore. 
4) Unbound  
  
E. Rental/Leasing Services without 
Operators 
    
a. Relating to ships 
 (CPC 83103) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
b. Relating to aircraft 
 (CPC 83104) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
c. Relating to motor vehicles  
(CPC 831**) 
 1) None except that the ren tal of such vehicles by 
Singapore residents with the intent to use the 
vehicles in Singapore is prohibited 
 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None except that the rental of such 
vehicles by Singapo re residents with the 
intent to use the vehicles in Singapore is 
prohibited 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 16  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
F. Other Business Services     
b. Market Research and public 
opinion polling services    
 Commercial Market  
 Research 
(CPC 86401) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
c. Management Consulting 
Services Management 
Consultancy Services, including 
Office  
 Management and  
 Administrative Services  
(CPC 865)  1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
 
d. Services related to management 
consulting 
(CPC 866) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 17Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
e. Technical testing and analysis 
services    
 Technical testing and analysis 
services of motor vehicles  
 (CPC 8676**)  1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
Technical testing and analysis 
services, excluding testing and 
analysis services of motor 
vehicles and classification 
societies 
(CPC 8676 **) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
 Professional, Advisory and 
Consulting Services Relating  to 
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery 
And Mining, including Oilfield Services 
(CPC 881**, 882**, 883**, 
5115**) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound   
k. Placement and supply services 
of personnel 
(CPC 872) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section   
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 18  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
l. Investigation and security     
Security consultation services 
(CPC 87302) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
Alarm monitoring services 
(CPC 87303) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
n. Maintenance and repair of 
equipment (not including 
maritime vessels, aircraft or 
other transpor t equipment) 
(CPC 633, CPC 8861-8866 **) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
o. Building cleaning services 
 (CPC 874)  1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
p. Photographic services 
 (CPC 875) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
q. Packaging services  
 (CPC 876) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 19Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
s. Convention Services   
Exhibition Management Services  
  (CPC 87909**)  
 
 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound   
 
t. Other    
Economic and Behavioural 
Research  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indica ted in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
 {Reclassified under 
1.C.b. on page 16 } 
Biotechnology Services  
 
  1)
 None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indica ted in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
 {Reclassified under 
1.C.a. on page 15 } 
 Translation/ 
 Interpretation Services 
(CPC 87905) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
 
 Interior Design Services,   Excluding Architecture 
(CPC 87907**) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
 
 Public Relations  
 Consultancy Services  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except a s indicated in the  horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
 {Reclassified under 
1.F.c. on page 17 }  TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 20  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 Advertising Consultancy  
 Services  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) Unbound  {Reclassified under 
1.F.c. on page 17 } 
 Information Technology  
 Consultancy Services  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indica ted in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
  {Reclassified under 
1.F.c. on page 1 7} 
 Buildings and facilities 
management services, including 
cleaning of building services  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indica ted in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
  {Reclassified under 
1.D.b. on page 16  
and 1.F.o . on page 
18} 
 Industrial Research  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indica ted in the horizontal 
section  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound  
 {Reclassified under 
1.C.a. on page 15 } 
2. COMMUNICATION  
 SERVICES 
    
B.  Courier Services 
    
 Courier Services in respect  
 of documents and parcels,   excluding letters and  
 postcards 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 3) Unbound 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 21Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
C. Telecommunication  
 Services*  
General Conditions statement  
 
 Commitments undertaken in this schedule are subject to the following conditions:  
1.
   Each service listed in subsectors 1 and 2 must be licensed through a public tender process.  
1. The number of licences may be limited due to  scarce resources, such as rights of way and availability of frequency spectrum . 
2. This excludes services regulated under the Broadcasting Act . 
 
1. Basic Telecommunication   Services (facilities-based): 
 (a) Public Switched Services
1 (local 
and international) 
(b) Leased Circuit Services (local and 
international) 
 1) Subject to commercial arrangements with 
licensed operator(s).  
2) None 
3) Up to two additional operators will be licensed in 
1998 for the provision of these services 
commencing 1 April 2000. Thereaft er, additional 
licences will be granted.  1) None 
 
2) None 3) None, except as indicated in horizontal 
commitments . 
  
 As annexed  
 
* Excludes services regulated under 
the Singapore Broadcasting Authority 
Act.  A cumulative total of 73.99% foreign 
Shareholding, based on 49% direct Investment and 24.99% indirect Investment in these 
operators  is allowed. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
commitments.  
  
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal commitments. 
  
2. Mobile Services2: 
 
(a) Public Mobile Data Service 
(PMDS) 
(b) Public Trunked Radio Service 
 (PTRS) 
(c) Public Radio Paging Service  
 (PRPS) 
(d) Public Cellular Mobile Telephone 
Service  
 (PCMTS) 
 1) Subject to commercial arrangements with 
licensed operator(s).  
2) None 
3) None except  for d), where more licences will be 
granted from 1 April 2000.  A cumulative total of 
73.99% foreign Shareholding, based on 49% 
direct Investment and 24.99% indirect 
investment in These operators  is allowed. 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal 
commitments. 
 1) None 
 
2) None 
3) None, except as indicated in horizontal 
commitments . 
 
 
 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal commitments. 
 As annexed 
 
                                                           
 1 This includes voice, data and facsimile services. 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 22  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
3. Resale basis:  
 
(a) Public Switched Services (local 
and international) (not including the use of leased circuits 
connected to the public switched 
network) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
 4) Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal 
commitments. 1) None 
2) None 
3) None, except as indicated in horizontal 
commitments.  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal 
commitments.  
 As annexed 
 
(b) Leased Circuit Services (local and 
international) (without connection 
to the  public switched network) 
(c) Public Cellular Mobile Telephone 
Services 
(d) Public Radio Paging Services 
    
4. Value-added Network  
 (VAN) services 
  The services covered are: 
- electronic-mail 
- voice-mail 
- on-line information and  
 data-base retrieval - electronic data interchange 
- on-line information and/or  
 data processing 
- store-and-forward (S&F) 
- store-and-retrieve (S&R)  1) Provision of VAN services is subjected to 
licence from the Telecommunication Authority 
of Singapore (TAS)  Infocomm Development 
Authority of Singapore (IDA)  
The basic requirements for VAN Licence are:  
 
 Foreign companies are required to either set up a 
local branch of their company duly registered 
with the Registry of Companies and Businesses 
In Singapore, or grant a power of Attorney to a 
local agent for the Provision of their VAN 
services in Singapore  1) None 
 
  
  
 
  VAN does not carry traffic which resem bles any 
of the basic telecommunication services   
2) None 3) (Same as mode 1) 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
2Mobile Services excludes Public Mob ile Broadband Multimedia Services and Public  Fixed-Wireless Broadband Multimedia Services   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 23Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
D. Audiovisual  Services 
    
(i) the services covered are 
production, distribution and 
public display of  
 - motion pictures  
 - video recordings 
 - sound recordings,    except where excluded  
  under (ii) 
(CPC 9611, CPC 9612) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound 
  
 
(ii) All broadcastin g and AV services 
and materials that are 
broadcasting-related are excluded, 
examples being  
 - Free-to-air  
 - Broadcasting Cable and pay 
television 
 - Direct broadcasting by  
 satellite 
 - Teletext      TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 24  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
3. CONSTRUCTION AND 
RELATED ENGINEERING 
SERVICES 
    
 Construction Services 
Consisting of: 
- General Construction for 
Buildings (CPC 512) 
- General Construction work 
for civil engineering 
(CPC 513) 
- Installation and assembly 
work (CPC 514 + 516) 
- Building Completion and 
finishing work (CPC 517) 
 - Others 
  (CPC 511 + 515 + 518)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 25Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES    
Horizontal limitations on Market Access and National Treatment  
Unless otherwise specified, distribution services of any product subject to import prohibition or  non-automatic import licensin g shall be excluded from the scope of 
these commitments. 
 
Singapore reserves the right and flexibility to  modify and / or increase the list of pr oducts stipulated in the laws, regulatio ns and other measures governing 
Singapore's import prohibition or no n-automatic import licensing regime. 
 
A. Commission Agents’ Services 
    
Commission agents’ services 
except for: 
pharmaceutical and medical 
goods and cosmetics 
(CPC 621, except CPC 62117) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4)    Unbound except as indicated in the  
 horizontal section  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
B. Wholesale Trade Services 
    
Wholesale trade services except 
for pharmaceutical goods and 
medical goods and surgical and 
orthopaedic instruments 
(CPC 622 **) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
D. Franchising 
    
Franchising services 
(CPC 8929 **) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 26  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
5. EDUCATION SERVICES 
    
Specific commitments on Market Access and Na tional Treatment through any mode of suppl y shall not be construed to apply to the recognition of university 
degrees for the purposes of admission, registration and qualification for pr ofessional practi ce in Singapore. 
 
D. Adult education services 
(CPC 924 n.e.c.) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
E. Short term training including 
language courses 
(CPC 92900 **) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 27Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
6. ENVIRONMENTAL 
SERVICES 
    
C. Sanitation and similar services  
(CPC 9403) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
D. Cleaning services of exhaust 
gases  
(CPC 9404) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
D. Noise abatement services  
(CPC 9405) 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES 
    
A. Insurance and Insurance-related Services  
 
 The commitments on financial services are made in accordance w ith the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and the An nex on Financial Services.  All 
the commitments in this Schedule are subject to horizontal commitm ents in Singapore's GATS Schedu le of Specific Commitments.  A ll the commitments in this 
Schedule are also subject to entry requirements, domestic laws , guidelines, rules and regulations, terms and conditions of the Monetary Authority of Singapore 
(MAS) or any other relevant authority or body in Singapore, as the case may be, which are consiste nt with Article VI of the GAT S and paragraph 2 of the Annex on 
Financial Services. 
 
(a) Life insurance services including 
annuity, disability income, accident and health insurance 
services 1) Unbound 
2) None 1) Unbound 
2) None   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 28  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 3) Foreign parties can only acquire equity stakes of 
up to 49%  in aggregate in locally-owned 
insurance companies provided the acquisition 
does not result in any foreign party being the largest shareholder.   
 Unbound for registration  issuance issuance  of 
new insurance companies   licences  licences  and 
establishment of new representative offices. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 3) None 
 
 
  
 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(b) Non-life insurance services 
including disability income, 
accident and health insurance and contracts of fidelity bonds, 
performance bonds or similar 
contracts of guarantee 
 1) Unbound 
2) None except for
 that compulsory insurance of 
Motor Third Party Liability and Workmen's Compensation which can
 may only  be purchased 
only from registered  licensed  licensed  insurance 
companies in Singapore. 1) Unbound 
2) None 
  
 
  
 3) Foreign parties can only acquire equity stakes of 
up to 49% in aggregate in locally-owned 
insurance companies provided the acquisition 
does not result in any foreign party being the largest shareholder.   
 Unbound for registration  issuance issuance  of 
new insurance licences  companies  licences  and 
establishment of new representative offices. 
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 3) None 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.  
(c) Reinsurance and retrocession 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) Reinsurance companies can  establish as branches 
or subsidiaries. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 29Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
(d) Insurance intermediation 
comprising broking and agency 
services 
 1) Unbound 
2) Agents are not allowed to act for Unregistered  
unlicensed  insurers.  With the exception of 
reinsurance risks and risks insured by protection 
and indemnity clubs, brokers can only place 
domestic risks outside Singapore with the 
approval of MAS.  The placement of domestic 
risks outside Singapore by brokers is subject to 
the approval of MAS, with the exception of 
reinsurance risks and insurance risks relating 
to maritime liabilities of ship owners insured by 
protection & indemnity clubs.  
 
3) Unbound except for admission of direct general 
insurance and reinsurance brokers as locally 
incorporated subsidiaries. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
3) Unbound 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
(e) Services auxiliary to insurance 
comprising actuarial, loss 
adjustors, average adjustors and consultancy services 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
B. Banking and other financial services  
 
 The commitments on financial services are made in accordance w ith the GATS and the Annex on Financial Services.  All the commi tments in this schedule are 
subject to horizontal commitments in Singapore's GATS Schedule of Specific Commitments.  All the commitments in this Schedule a re also subject to entry 
requirements, domestic laws, guidelines, rules and regulations, te rms and conditions of MAS or any other relevant authority or body in Singapore, as the case may be, 
which are consistent with Article VI of the GATS and paragraph 2 of the Annex on Financial Services. 
 
(a) Acceptance of deposits and other 
repayable funds from the public 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 3) Only institutions licensed or  approved as banks, 
merchant banks and finance companies can 
accept deposits. 1) Unbound 
2) None 3) Commercial banks
 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 30  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
  Where a foreign financial institution is subject to 
legislation in its home country which requires 
that institution to confer lower priority to 
depositors of its foreign offices vis-à-vis the home country depositors in receivership or 
winding-up proceedings, the MAS may exercise 
appropriate differentiated measures against that foreign financial  institution in Singapore to 
safeguard the interest of the Singapore office's 
depositors.  
 
 Establishment and operation of foreign banks, 
merchant banks and finance companies are also subject to the limitations listed under activities 
B(a) to B(l) and the following limitations:  Foreign banks can operate from only one 
office (excluding back-office operations).  
They cannot establish off-premise ATMs 
and ATM networking and new sub-branches. Unbound for provision of all 
electronic banking services.  Location of 
banks and relocation of banks and sub-branches require prior approval from MAS. 
 
  
 Restricted  Wholesale  banks can only accept 
foreign currency fixed deposits from and operate current accounts for residents and 
non-residents. For Singapore dollar 
deposits, they can only accept fixed deposits of S$250,000 or more per deposit. 
  
    Offshore banks can accept foreign currency 
fixed deposits from residents and non-
residents.  For Singapore dollar deposits, 
they can only accept fixed deposits of S$250,000 or more per deposit from non-
residents.  
  Commercial banks  
 No new full and restricted  Wholesale  banks.  
New foreign banks may only establish as 
offshore bank branches or representative offices.  Representative offices cannot conduct business or 
act as agents.   
  Banks, with MAS' approval, can operate foreign 
currency savings accounts only for non-
residents.A single/related group of foreign 
shareholders can only hold up to 5 per cent of a local bank's shares.  The limit on aggregate 
foreign ownership of each domestic bank's shares 
has been increased from 20 per cent to 40 per cent.     TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 31Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
   Merchant banks  
 Foreign banks and merchant banks may establish 
as merchant bank subsidiaries or merchant bank 
branches.  Merchant banks  
 Merchant banks can operate from only one 
office (excluding back-office operations).  
Location and relocation of merchant banks require MAS' prior approval. 
 Merchant banks can, with MAS' 
authorization, raise foreign currency funds from residents and non-residents, operate 
foreign currency savings accounts for non-
residents and raise Singapore dollar funds 
from their shareholders and companies 
controlled by their shareholders, banks, other merchant banks and finance 
companies.  
  Finance companies  
 No new finance companies.  Unbound for foreign 
acquisition of shares in finance companies and 
transfer or sale of foreign shareholdings in 
existing finance companies to foreign parties.    
 No foreign person shall acting alone or in 
concert with other persons, assume control of 
any finance company.  A foreign person is a 
person that is: 
(a) in the case of a natural person, not a 
citizen of Singapore and 
(b) in the case of a corporation, not controlled 
by citizens of Singapore. 
 Approval from the MAS is required before a 
person (together with associated persons) is 
allowed to acquire shareholdings or voting 
control in a finance co mpany of or exceeding 
5%, 12% and 20%, and before he obtains 
effective control of the finance company.  In 
approving applications to exceed the threshold 
limits, MAS may impose conditions it 
considers necessary to prevent undue control, 
protect public interests, and ensure the 
integrity of the financial system. 
  Finance companies  
 Location of finance companies and 
relocation of sub-branches require MAS' 
prior approval.  Foreign-owned finance 
companies cannot establish off-premise ATMs, ATM networking and new sub-
branches. 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 32  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 All finance companies, local and foreign-owned, 
can only conduct Singapore dollar business.  
With MAS' prior approval, eligible finance 
companies can also deal in foreign currencies, gold or other precious metals, and acquire foreign 
currency stocks, shares  or debt/convertible 
securities.   
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
(b) Lending of all types including 
consumer credit,  
 mortgage credit, factoring  
 and financing of  commercial transaction 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) (i) Other than in-house credit cards, C
credit 
and charge cards may be issued by card issuers approved by MAS subject to MAS' guidelines. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) Each offshore bank's lending in Singapore 
dollars to residents shall not exceed 
S$200m   S$500m  in aggregate.    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 33Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
   (ii) Singapore dollar loans by local and foreign
-
owned financial institutions, to non -
residents, non -resident controlled companies 
and to residents for use outside Singapore 
require MAS' prior approval.   Financial 
institutions extending Singapore dollar 
(S$) credit facilities exceeding S$5 million per entity to non-resident financial 
entities or arranging S$ equity or bond 
issues for non-residents, shall ensure that 
where the S$ proceeds are to be used 
outside Singapore, they are swapped or converted into foreign currency upon 
draw-down or befo re remittance aboard. 
 
Financial entities shall not extend S$ credit 
facilities to non-resident financial entities if 
there is reason to believe that the S$ proceeds may be used for S$ currency speculation. 
 
 (iii) Establishment of credit companies which do 
not conduct activities requiring MAS' 
approval is allowed. 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
  Offshore banks should not use their related 
merchant banks to circumvent the S$200m  
S$500m  lending limit. 
 Unbound for establishment of off-premise 
cash dispensing machines for credit and 
charge cards issuers . 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
(c) Financial leasing 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None except as indicated for activity B(b) above. 
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None except as indicated for activity B(b) 
above. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
 
(d) Payment and money transmission 
services, including credit, charge and debit cards, travellers cheques 
and bankers' drafts 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 3) Remittance shops, except where the remittance 
business is conducted by banks and merchant 
banks, are required to be majority owned by Singapore citizens. 1) Unbound 
2) None 3) None   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 34  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
  Bankers' drafts can only be issued by banks. 
 Only the following can issue stored value cards: 
- a bank in Singapore licensed by MAS; and 
- a juridical person for the payment only of 
goods or services or both goods and services 
provided by that person.The limitations 
indicated in B.b)3) a bove also apply to the 
activities listed in B.d). 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
  
 
 
  
 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
 
(e) Guarantees and commitments 
 1) None except for the limitations indicated in 
activity A.b) for insurance companies providing 
contracts of fidelity bonds, performance bonds or similar contracts of guarantee. 
2) None 
3) None except for the limitations indicated in 
activity A.b) for insurance companies providing 
contracts of fidelity bonds, performance bonds or 
similar contracts of guarantee, and B.b)3)(ii) 
above. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
 
  
2) None 
3) None  
 
 
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
 
(f) Trading for own account or for 
account of customers, whether on 
an exchange, in an over-the-
counter market or  otherwise, the 
following: 1) Unbound except for trading in products  listed in 
B.(f) for own account.  Trading in money market 
instruments, foreign exchange, as well as 
exchange rate and intere st rate instruments can 
be conducted with financial institutions only. 1) None    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 35Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 - money market instruments    (including cheques, bills, 
certificates of deposit) 
 - foreign exchange  - derivative products,  
  including financial futures 
and options 
 - exchange rate and interest 
rate 
  instruments, including  
  swaps and forward rate  
  agreements 2) None 
3) Banks and merchant banks are required to set up 
separate subsidiaries to trade financial futures for 
customers.  Financial futures brokers can establish as branches or subsidiaries. The offer of 
derivative products by both local and foreign-
owned financial institutions is allowed provided: 2) None 
3) None except as indicated for activity B(b) 
above.  
 - transferable securities 
 - other negotiable instruments 
and financial assets, including 
bullion - the product has been offered by the financial 
institution in other internationally-reputable 
financial centres and the supervisory authorities 
of those centres agree to the offer of such products in their markets;   
 - the financial institution's parent supervisor and 
its head office must be aware and have no objection to the offer of such products in the 
Singapore branch/subsidiary; and   
 - MAS is satisfied that the financial institution has 
and continues to have the financial strength and 
adequate internal controls and risk management 
systems to trade in these products.  
 
 
   
 
  The offer of derivative products involving the 
Singapore dollar is subject to the requirement indicated in Bb)3)(ii).M oneychangers, except 
where the money changing business is conducted 
by banks and merchant banks, are required to be 
majority owned by Singapore citizens.   
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizonal  
horizontal  section. 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 36  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
(g) Participation in issues of all kinds 
of securities, including 
underwriting and placement as 
agent and provision of service related to such issues 1) Unbound except for participation in issues of 
securities for own account, and underwriting and 
placement of securities through stockbroking 
companies, banks or merchant banks in Singapore. 
2) None 
3) Foreign stockbroking companies can establish 
only as non -members of the Stock Ex change of 
Singapore (SES).Non -members of SES can apply 
to become Approved Foreign Brokers (AFBs) of 
SES to trade directly in non -Singapore dollar 
denominated securities quoted on SES through 
terminals provided by SES to such AFBs  
 
Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Ltd  
(SGX-ST)  will admit new trading members. 
New members will be able to trade directly in 
S$ denominated securities of Singapore 
incorporated companies with resident 
investors for a minimum value of S$200,000  
S$500,000. 
 1) None 
 
 
  
2) None 
3) None except as indicated for activity B(b) 
above.  
  Representative offices cannot conduct business 
or act as agents.  Unbo und for new membership 
on SES and for foreign acquisition of new and 
existing equity interests in SGX-ST  SES member 
companies.   
  Unbound for new international memberships.  
International members can deal in foreign 
securities and SES -quoted securities with non -
residents and resident companies which are 
substantially or beneficially owned by non -
residents.  They can also deal with residents in 
foreign currency denominated securities quoted 
on SES.For Singapore dollar denominated 
securities quoted on SES, they can deal with 
residents only for transactions above S$5m each.  
  
 
    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 37Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
  Banks' and merchant banks' membership on  
SGX-ST and Singapore Exchange Derivatives 
Trading Ltd (SGX-DT)  SES  must be held 
through subsidiaries. 
 Unbound for new pPrimary and rRegistered 
dealers of Singapore Government Securities   
 
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
(h) Money broking 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) Unbound for new money brokers. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.  
(i) Asset management, such as cash 
or portfolio management, all 
forms of collective investment 
management, pension fund management, custodial, 
depository and trust services 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) Asset management companies, custodial 
depositories, and trust services companies can establish as branches , or subsidiaries.  Only the 
Central Depositary Pte Ltd is authorised to 
provide securities custodial depository services under the scripless trading system. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 
  
 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 38  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
(j) Settlement and clearing services 
for financial assets, including 
securities, derivative products and 
other negotiable instruments 
 1) Unbound, except for the provision of settlement 
and clearing services for financial assets which 
are listed on overseas exchanges only. 
2) None 3) Settlement and clearing services for exchange 
traded securities and financial futures, and 
Singapore dollar cheques and inte rbank funds 
transfer can only be provided by Central 
Depository (Pte) Limited and Singapore 
Exchange Derivatives Clearing Ltd  SGX-DT . 
SES, SIMEX and Banking  Computer Services 
Pte Ltd, respectively.  Only one clearing house 
established under the Banking Act may 
provide clearing servi ces for Singapore dollar 
cheques and interbank fund transfer. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 1) Unbound 
 
 
2) None 3) Unbound 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. 
  
(k) Advisory and other auxiliary 
financial services, including credit 
reference and analysis, investment 
and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on 
corporate restructuring and 
strategy 
 1) Commercial presence is required for provision of 
investment and portfolio research and advice to 
the public. 
2) None 3) Financial  Investment
 advisers can establish as 
branches, subsidiaries or representative offices. 
Representative offices cannot conduct business or act as agents. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
 
 
2) None 3) None 
 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 39Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
(l) Provision and transfer of financial 
information, and financial data 
processing and related software 
by providers of other financial services 
 1) Unbound except for the provision of financial 
information by providers such as Reuters and 
Bloomberg.  The Singapore branches of foreign 
banks can transmit data to their head offices and sister branches for processing provided proper 
controls exist, the integrity and confidentiality of 
the data/information are safeguarded, and MAS is allowed on-site access to the data/information 
at the place where the data/information is 
processed. 1) None for the provision of financial 
information by providers such as Reuters 
and Bloomberg. 
  
 
  
 2) Only the provision of financial information by 
providers such as   Reuter  Reuters  and 
Bloomberg is allowed. 2) None  
 3) The provision of financial information by 
providers, such as Reuters and Bloomberg, is 
allowed.  The provision of financial data processing services to banks and merchant banks 
is subject to domestic laws on protection of 
confidentiality of information of customers of banks and merchant banks. 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 3) None 
 
  
 
  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.  
8. HEALTH RELATED AND 
SOCIAL SERVICES 
    
B. Acute care hospitals, nursing 
homes and convalescent 
hospitals as defined by the 
Private Hospitals and Medical 
Clinics Act, run on a 
commercial basis 
(CPC 93193 **) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4)   Unbound except as i ndicated in the horizontal 
section 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 40  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
C. Guidance and counselling 
services not elsewhere classified 
related to children 
(CPC 93322) 1) Unbound 
2) None except unbound for a non-resident 
service supplier soliciting business or 
conducting active marketing in Singapore 
3) None, except unbound for facilities/ service 
operations run by non-pr ofit service suppliers 
that are partially or totally state-funded  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound 
2) None except unbound for a non-resident 
service supplier soliciting business or 
conducting active marketing in 
Singapore 
3) None, except unbound for facilities/ 
service operations run by non-profit 
service suppliers that  are partially or 
totally state-funded 
4) Unbound  
C. Welfare services not delivered 
through residential institutions  
(CPC 93323) 1) Unbound 
2) None except unbound for a non-resident 
service supplier soliciting business or 
conducting active marketing in Singapore 
3) None, except unbound for facilities/ service 
operations run by non-pr ofit service suppliers 
that are partially or totally state-funded  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1 Unbound 
2) None except unbound for a non-resident 
service supplier soliciting business or 
conducting active marketing in 
Singapore 
3) None, except unbound for facilities/ 
service operations run by non-profit 
service suppliers that  are partially or 
totally state-funded  
4) Unbound  
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL 
 RELATED SERVICES     
a. Hotel and Restaurants 
(including catering)     
 Hotel Services  
Hotel Lodging Services  
(CPC 64110)  1) Unbound* 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
 
 Restaurant and Catering   Services 
(CPC 64210, 64230) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound 
  
   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 41Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
Travel Agent and Tour O perators; 
Tourist Guide Services  1) None  
2) None  
3) None, other than travel agency and tour operators 
must be a private limited company  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Unbound  
  
4)
 Unbound  
 {Reclassified under 
9.b. and 9.c. on 
page 43 } 
b. Travel Agent and Tour Operators 
 Services   
 (CPC 7471) 
 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None, other than travel agency  agencies and tour 
operators must be a private limited company  
companies . 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) Unbound 
 
 
4) Unbound   
c. Tourist Guide Services (CPC 
 7472) 
 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 42  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
10. RECREATIONAL, 
CULTURAL AND SPORTING 
SERVICES (OTHER THAN 
AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES) 
    
c. Libraries, archives, museums 
and other cultural services    
Library Services 
(CPC 96311) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
11.  TRANSPORT SERVICES 
    
A. Maritime Transport Services 
    
Maritime Transport  
 Services 
 
 The services covered are: 
 - Freight Transportation,  
  CPC 7212 less cabotage 1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
 
4) Unbound When the following 
services are not 
otherwise covered 
by the obligation 
enshrined in Article XXVIII(c) (ii), they 
will be made 
available to international 
maritime transport 
suppliers on reasonable and non-
discriminating 
terms and conditions:   TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
 Page 43Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
   - pilotage; 
- towing and tug 
assistance; 
- provisioning 
fuelling and 
watering; 
- garbage 
collecting and 
ballast; waste 
disposal 
- port captain's 
services; 
- navigation aids 
emergency; 
- repair facilities; - anchorage; and 
- other shore-
based operational services essential 
to ship 
operations, including 
communications, 
water and electrical 
suppliers. 
Maritime Auxiliary  
 Services:  
 Shipping agency services 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound  
 Maritime Auxiliary  
 Services: 
 
 Shipping brokerage   Services 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 44  Modes of supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market  Access Limitations on  National Treatment Additional 
Commitments 
 Maritime Auxiliary   Services: 
 
 International Towage   1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound   
 Maritime Auxiliary  
 Services:  
 Classification societies, except 
for statutory services for Singapore flag ships  
 1) None 
2) None 3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound  
  
12. OTHER SERVICES NOT 
INCLUDED ELSEWHERE 
    
Washing, cleaning and dyeing 
services 
(CPC 9701) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
 horizontal section 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
Hairdressing and other beauty 
services 
(CPC 9702) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
 horizontal section 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
Funeral, cremation and 
undertaking services except 
maintenance services of 
cemeteries, care of graves and 
graveyards  
(CPC 97030**) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound  
  
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
Page 45SINGAPORE - FINAL LIST OF MFN EXEMPTIONS 
Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the measure 
applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need for 
the exemption 
All Sectors: Presence of:  
- unskilled and 
semi-skilled natural persons 
 
- skilled persons 
(include craftsmen 
skilled in a 
particular trade, but exclude 
specialists/professio
nal personnel at management level) Preference for workers from 
traditional sources of supply Traditional sources Indefinite 
 Singapore will periodically review 
this in the light of domestic and 
national policy considerations Due to land constraints and the 
fundamental need for social cohesion among the multi-racial 
population, the Government needs 
to regulate the flow of foreign workers, both skilled and 
unskilled, to ensure that Singapore 
is not overpopulated and foreigners who could potentially disrupt 
social order are not admitted 
All Sectors: 
Investment Guarantee  Agreements 
(IGAs) Investment guarantee, i.e. 
obligations to protect foreign investments from unforeseen 
contingencies such as 
nationalization, war, etc. are accorded only to co-signatories of 
Investment Guarantee Agreements All countries.  Current signatories 
with w hom Singapore has 
concluded IGAs are:  
 
ASEAN countries,   France,  the 
Netherlands,  Switzerland, the 
United Kingdom, Belgo -
Luxembourg Economic Union, Sri 
Lanka, People's Republic of China, 
Vietnam, Taiwan, the United 
States of America .  Indefinite 
 Singapore will periodically review 
this in the light of international 
developments Currently, many countries' 
obligations to protect foreign investments from unforeseen 
contingencies are governed by the 
provisions established under bilateral investment guarantee 
agreements.  The agreements also 
help to provide the economic and political guarantees for the 
promotion of bilateral relations. 
All Sectors: Commonwealth Tax 
Credit Scheme 
 
  
 
   
 
 
Section 48 of the Income Tax Act 
provides for the granting of relief against Singapore tax payable on 
income derived from a 
Commonwealth country  
 
 
Commonwealth countries which 
grant reciprocal relief  
 
 
Indefinite 
 Singapore will periodically review 
this in the light of international 
developments  
 
 
This is part of Singapore's 
cooperation among Commonwealth members  
 
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 46  SINGAPORE - FINAL LIST OF MFN EXEMPTIONS 
Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the measure 
applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need for 
the exemption 
Legal Services  All measures pertaining to the 
provision of legal services in 
Singapore All countries Indefinite 
 
Singapore will keep the possibility 
of removing this exemption under review The exemption is necessary as the 
establishment of foreign law firms 
in Singapore is based on case-by-
case approval 
Broadcasting  
Broadcasting is 
defined to include:  
- Free-to-air 
broadcasting The Ministry of Information, 
Communications & The Arts, 
Singapore  Singapore Broadcastin
g 
Corporation (SBC)  accords 
preferential broadcast and 
transmission rights to selected 
countries with which it has signed bilateral agreements All countries.  Currently, Brunei 
and Indonesia have Memoranda of 
Understanding with Singapore.  Singapore will keep the possibility 
of removing this exemption under 
review To promote social, economic and 
cultural relations 
- Cable and pay 
television     
- Direct broadcast by 
satellite     
- Teletext     
- All broadcasting 
services listed in Services Sectoral 
Classification List , 
MTN.GNS/W/120      
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
Page 47SINGAPORE - FINAL LIST OF MFN EXEMPTIONS 
Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the measure 
applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need for 
the exemption 
Computer reservation 
systems Market access and national 
treatment are based on reciprocity in mutual concessions, but not 
necessarily in the same areas, as 
established under bilateral Air Services Agreements All countries.  Current countries 
with whom Singapore has 
concluded bilateral air services 
agreements are:  
 
Australia, Austria, Bahrain, 
Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, 
Brunei, Bulgaria, Cambodia, 
Chile, China, Commonwealth 
Independent States, Cyprus, Czech 
and Slovak Re publics, Denmark, 
Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, 
France, Germany, Greece, Hong 
Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, 
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, 
Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South 
Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, 
Luxembourg, Madagascar, 
Malaysia, Maldives, Malta , 
Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia , 
Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, the 
Netherlands, New Zealand,  Indefinite 
 Singapore will periodically review 
this in the light of international 
developments Currently, the conditions and level 
of market access granted in air transport services are primarily 
governed by other multilateral 
agreements and/or bilateral air services agreements.  In addition, 
the "Annex on Air Transport 
Services" contained in the GATS currently has only limited 
application to measures affecting 
the air transport services sector. 
  Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, 
Papua New Guinea, the 
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, 
Qatar, Romania,   Saudi Arabia, 
Seychelles, South Africa, Spain, Sri 
Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, 
Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, 
Turkey, Ukraine, Unit ed Arab 
Emirates, the United Kingdom, the 
United States of America, Vietnam, 
Yemen Arab Republic, Yugoslavia, 
Zambia and Zimbabwe     
 
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 48  SINGAPORE - FINAL LIST OF MFN EXEMPTIONS 
Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the measure 
applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need for 
the exemption 
Maritime Transport Services: 
 
- Storage and 
warehousing 
 
- Freight forwarding  
- Inland trucking 
 - Container station 
and depot services The undertaking of the 
commitments to bind the current 
level of market access and 
treatment to services and services supplier, in the 4 subsectors will be 
through the conclusion of bilateral 
shipping agreements All countries.  Current countri es 
with whom Singapore has 
concluded bilateral shipping 
agreements are:  the Republic of 
Korea, the People's Republic of 
China , and Vietnam .   Indefinite 
 
Singapore will periodically review 
this in the light of international developments Some of Singapore's trading 
partners do not accord Singapore 
companies satisfactory access to 
maritime transport services in their territories  
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1
Page 49 
SINGAPORE - MFN EXEMPTIONS IN THE FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR1 
 
Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the 
measure applies  Intended duration Conditions creating the need 
for the exemption 
1. Reinsurance and 
retrocession  Exception granted to ASEAN 
Reinsurance Corporation (ASEAN 
Re), a private -sector venture with 
equal shareholders from the six 
ASEAN countries, to be 
established with a paid -up capital 
of S$6 million instead of the 
minimum S$ 10 million stipulated 
in the Insurance Act.  Other than 
this, ASEAN Re is subject to the 
same rules and regulations applied 
to all reinsurers in Singapore.  
 ASEAN  ASEAN Re has committed itself 
to increase its paid -up capital 
when its premium income 
increases.  Presently, ASEAN Re 
writes a relatively small amount 
of business.  To promote greater 
cooperation among ASEAN in 
the rein surance sector.  
2. Banking and other 
financial services Under a currency 
interchangeability agreement between Singapore and Brunei, the 
currency issuing authorities of 
Singapore and Brunei would: Brunei Indefinite, until either country 
terminates the agreement. The currency 
interchangeability agreement was entered into in 1967 
arising from special historical 
and economic ties between Singapore and Brunei. 
                                                           
     1Supplementary information provided for transparency  
 
 The Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES) and the Singapore Intern ational Monetary Exchange (SIMEX) have established trading linka ges with the exchanges of some countries to facilitate the trading of securities and 
futures.  The establishment of trading linkages is a commercial decision of the SES and SIMEX. 
  
 
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1  
Page 50  Sector or subsector Description of measure 
indicating its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which the 
measure applies  Intended duration Conditions creating the need 
for the exemption 
 - Accept from banks, notes and 
coins issued by the other 
issuing authority, at par and 
without charge and to exchange such notes and coins 
into the currency of the 
country concerned; and    
 - arrange for repatriation at the 
expense of the respective 
currency issuing authority, the 
notes and coins issued by the other currency issuing 
authority and to receive at par 
the equivalent in any agreed currency.    TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
Page 51 
 
 
  
Legend:  
 
BOLD – New text 
 
STRIKE -OUT  – Deleted text 
 
ITALICS  – Where any new or deleted text constitutes mere ly a technical refinement that does not alter 
the scope or substance of an existing commitment 
 
{ } – Information that are annotated for purposes of  explanations.  It will not form part of the 
proposed commitment.  
SHADED - Changes made on top of Singa pore’s initial offer dated 10 July 2003TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
Page 52 
 
 
  
 
ANNEX  
 
REFERENCE PAPER  
 Scope
 
 
The following are definitions an d principles on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services.    Definitions
 
 
Users  mean service consumers and service suppliers.   
 Essential facilities
 mean facilities of a public telecommunica tions transport network or service that 
  (a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  
and 
  (b) cannot feasibly be economically or technica lly substituted in order to provide a service. 
 A major supplier
 is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation (having 
regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of: 
  
 (a) control over essential facilities;  or   (b) use of its position in the market.  
 
1. Competitive safeguards
 
 1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
 
 
 Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or 
together, are a major supplier  from engaging in or continui ng anti-competitive practices. 
 1.2 Safeguards
 
  The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular: 
 
 (a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;     (b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results;  and  
 (c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical 
information about essential facilities and comme rcially relevant information which are 
necessary for them to provide services.  
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
Page 53 
 
 
 2. Interconnection  
 2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public teleco mmunications transport 
networks or services in order to allow the user s of one supplier to co mmunicate with users of 
another supplier and  to access services pr ovided by another supplier, where specific 
commitments are undertaken. 
 2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
 
 
 Interconnection with a major suppl ier will be ensured at any tec hnically feasible point in the 
network.  Such interc onnection is provided. 
  (a) under non-discriminatory terms, cond itions (including tec hnical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its 
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated se rvice suppliers or for its 
subsidiaries or other affiliates; 
  (b) in a timely fashion, on terms, co nditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to 
economic feasibility, and suffi ciently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for 
network components or facilities  that it does not require for the service to be provided;  
and 
  (c) upon request, at points in addition to th e network termination points offered to the 
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary 
additional facilities. 
 2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
 
  The procedures applicable for interconnec tion to a major supplier will be made publicly 
available. 
 2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
 
  It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly availa ble either its interconnection 
agreements or a reference interconnection offer. 
 2.5 Interconnection:  dispute settlement
 
  A service supplier requesting in terconnection with a major supplie r will have recourse, either: 
 
(a) at any time or 
 (b) after a reasonable period of time wh ich has been made publicly known to an 
independent domestic body, whic h may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 
5 below, to resolve disputes regarding a ppropriate terms, cond itions and rates for 
interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not 
been established previously. 
 TN/S/O/SGP/Rev.1 
Page 54 
 
 
 3. Universal service  
  Any Member has the right to define the kind  of universal service obligation it wishes to 
maintain.  Such obligations will not  be regarded as anti-competitive per se , provided they are 
administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and co mpetitively neutral manner and are not 
more burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.    
 4. Public availability of licensing criteria
 
 
 Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:   (a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally require d to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence  and 
 
 (b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences. 
  The reasons for the denial of a licence w ill be made known to the applicant upon request. 
 5. Independent regulators
 
 
 The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of a nd the procedures used by regulators shall be 
impartial with respect to all market participants. 
 6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
 
 
 Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers 
and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current state of a llocated frequency bands will be made publicly 
available, but detailed identification of freque ncies allocated for specific government uses is 
not required.  
 
__________