WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/COMTD/72 
8 November 2010 
 
 (10-5923) 
Committee on Trade and Development Original:   Spanish 
  
 
LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ASSOCIATION (LAIA) 
 
BIENNIAL REPORT TO THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
 
 
Information on measures taken by LAIA member countries under the 1980 Treaty of Montevideo  
(for the period 1 January 2008 - 31 December 2009 ) 
   The following communication and attached repor t were received from the Secretariat of the 
Latin American Integration Association (L AIA) on 20 October 2010 for circulation to 
WTO Members. 
 
_______________ 
 
  Member countries of the Latin American In tegration Association (LAIA) which are also 
Members of the World Trade Organization (W TO) inform the WTO Committee on Trade and 
Development of the measures taken under the 1980 Treaty of Montevideo (TM 80) for the period 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009.   WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 3 
 
 
  CONTENTS 
 
 
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... ...............5 
I. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE LAIA INTEGRATION PROCESS OVER THE 
PERIOD 1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009........................................................5  
II. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ADOPTED BY LAIA MEMBER COUNTRIES 
UNDER TM 80 DURING THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009 ............................................................................................................... 9
 
III. ANALYSIS OF TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER COUNTRIES OVER THE 
PERIOD 1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009......................................................16  
CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................... ..............21 
ANNEX 1 ........................................................................................................................ ......................22 
  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 5 
 
 
  INTRODUCTION 
 
1. As provided in paragraph 4(a) of the Mini sterial Decision on "Differential and More 
Favourable Treatment, Reciprocity and Fuller Part icipation of Developing Countries" adopted on 
28 November 1979, hereinafter the "Enabling Clause"1, the present report is composed of 
three Chapters.  The first provides a brief summa ry of the integration process within the LAIA 
framework over the reporting period for the purpose of  establishing a free trade area (FTA), as agreed 
in Resolution 59 of the XIIIth Council of Ministers in 2004.  Accordingly, it explains the broad 
outlines of the preparation and content of the ne w work programme approved by the Association's 
decision-making bodies, which not only covers aspects related to trade in goods, but also issues such 
as the social dimension of integration, trade in services, integration of production, trade promotion 
and facilitation. 
2. The second Chapter lists the Agreements or A dditional Protocols adopted by LAIA member 
countries under TM 80 during the reporting period. 
3. The third Chapter describes trends in member c ountries' intraregional trade and trade with the 
rest of the world over the reporting period and, lastly, sets out some conclusions. 
I. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE LAIA INTEGRATION PROCESS OVER THE PERIOD 
1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009 
4. Bearing in mind the regional integration objectives in TM 80 and pursuing the work decided 
by Resolution 59 of the XIIIth Meeting of the Council of Ministers in 2004, "Bases for a programme 
for the gradual establishment of a free trade area within the LAIA", during 2007 in the Committee of 
Representatives and its subsidiary bodies member countries worked on the implementation of these 
objectives and terms of reference.  The XIVth Meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers was held in 
March 2008, when Resolution 62 "Continuation of work  on the gradual establishment of the free trade 
area in connection with the deepening of region al integration" was approved, instructing the 
Committee of Representatives to pursue the work, to convene a meeting of Vice-Ministers and, 
subsequently, a special meeting of the Council of Ministers. 
5. At the Meeting of Vice-Ministers of LAIA me mber countries, held in August 2008, several 
draft resolutions were adopted and then examined by the XVth Meeting of the Council of Ministers, 
held in April 2009, when two Declarations and ten R esolutions were adopted, as shown in table No. 1, 
together with the corresponding link to the LAIA website where they can be found. 
                                                      
1 Article 4(a) of the Enabling Clause provides the following: 
"4.  Any Contracting Party taking action to introduce an arrangement pursuant to paragraphs 1, 2 and 
3 above or subsequently taking action to introduce modification or withdrawal of the differential and more favourable treatment so provided sh all:  (a) notify the CO NTRACTING PARTIES and furn ish them with all the 
information they may deem appropriate relating to such action;  …"  WT/COMTD/72 
Page 6  
 
  Table No. 1 - Resolutions and Declarations adopted by the 
XV
th Council of Ministers of the LAIA (April 2009) 
 
Resolutions of the XVth Council of Ministers 
Resolution No. Title Content 
64 (XV)  Accession of the Republic of 
Panama to the 1980 Treaty of Montevideo. Approves the accession of the Republic of 
Panama to TM 80 and lays down the terms for accession. 
65 (XV)  General Regime of Origin. Instructs the Committee of Representatives to 
update the Association's general regime of origin and, if the Parties so agree, it will become the 
regulatory framework applicable to Agreements 
adopted within the LAIA. 
66 (XV)  Regional Safeguards Regime. Instructs the Committee of Representatives to 
update the Association's regional safeguards regime and, if the Parties so agree, it will become 
the regulatory framework applicable to 
Agreements adopted within the LAIA. 
67 (XV)  Guidelines for the Formulation of a 
Regional Dispute Settlement Regime. Instructs the Committee of Representatives to 
pursue the current negotiations in order to introduce a regional dispute settlement regime that includes, inter alia , a mandatory arbitration 
body. 
68 (XV)  Action Plan for Relatively Less 
Economically Developed Countries 
(PMDERs). Instructs that measures be adopted to allow 
application of preferential treatment, promote the 
liberalization of markets in member countries in 
favour of PMDERs, reinforce cooperation mechanisms, implem ent action for the 
integration of PMDERs' exportable supply into 
regional markets, and move towards the establishment of a Support Fund for PMDERs. 
69 (XV)  Approach to developing the Social 
Dimension in the LAIA Integration Process. Approves the approach to developing the social 
dimension in the LAIA integration process, instructs the Committee of  Representatives to 
draw up a prioritized Action Plan and to adopt 
the measures required to implement it, in particular by establishing the scope  of the work 
within the Committee of Representatives and 
creating a special institutional body within the 
General Secretariat's organizational structure.  
The four approaches to inclusion of the social 
dimension in the integration process are:  
institutional strengthening for the social 
dimension;  cooperation;  integration of production;  and trade deepening and facilitation, 
as tools for social inclusion. 
70 (XV)  Guidelines for the Evaluation and 
Convergence Conference. Instructs the Evaluation and Convergence 
Conference to serve as a forum for reflection in 
which member countries can explain their 
approaches to possible means and alternatives and propose measures, mechanisms and 
procedures for moving forward and deepening 
the regional integration process.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 7 
 
 
  Resolutions of the XVth Council of Ministers 
Resolution No. Title Content 
71 (XV)  Inputs for the Evaluation and 
Convergence Conference. Instructs the Evaluation and Convergence 
Conference to propose a programme to the 
Council of Ministers for its consideration with a 
view to moving ahead with integration for 
development that goes beyond commercial 
aspects and, on the basis of development-related principles of international law and on a 
multidimensional approach, takes into account 
the various topics covered in the Resolution. 
72 (XV)  Free Trade Area for Trade in 
Services. Expresses countries' agreement to adopt flexible 
mechanisms for liberalizing trade in services, recommending in the first stage the definition of negotiating procedures and the adoption of a 
cooperation format as a means for institutional, 
regulatory and sectoral strengthening in member 
countries. 
73 (XV)  Guidelines for Strengthening 
Regional Integration of Production, Promotion of Trad e and Increased 
Participation by Civil Society. Approves the guidelin es attached to the 
Resolution in order to carry out coordination and cooperation activities to enable the 
implementation of specific action for boosting 
production, economic complementarity, promotion of trade and increased participation by 
civil society in the region al integration process. 
 
 
Declarations at the XVth Council of Ministers 
Title Content 
Declaration on the accession of the Republic of 
Panama to the LAIA . Welcomes the accession of the Republic of Panama 
to the LAIA and invites all those Latin American 
countries that have not yet done so to accede to the 
1980 Treaty of Montevideo in order to contribute towards the deepening of regional integration. 
Declaration on the interna tional economic crisis and 
the action to be taken in the LAIA to deal with it . Highlights the efforts made by the Association to 
adopt measures to contribute towards strengthening the region in the crisis situation, for example:  
reinforcing the multilateral payments system, 
examining the creation of special mechanisms for financing intraregional trade, providing LAIA 
support for micro- sma ll- and medium-sized 
enterprises (MSMEs) in the region, and launching the Digital Certification of Origin Scheme (SCOD). 
 
6. As provided in Resolution 64 (XV), the pro cess for Panama's accession to TM 80 was 
initiated.  By the end of 2009, however, the inte rnal procedures required in Panama for compliance 
with the Panamanian legal system had not yet b een completed, and Panama still had to deposit its 
Instrument of Accession with the Government of Uruguay. 
7. With regard to applicable trade disciplines within the Association's Scope , in accordance with 
Resolutions 65 (XV), 66 (XV) and 67 (XV) of the Council of Ministers, two negotiating meetings 
were held in 2009 on the general regime of orig in, three on the regional safeguards regime, and two 
on the regional dispute settlement regime, in wh ich experts from member countries participated.  WT/COMTD/72 
Page 8  
 
  Progress was made on drawing up the relevant draft te xts for all three topics and at the end of 2009 
there had been progress on some issues whereas ot hers had yet to be defi ned, on the understanding 
that the respective draft texts could be amended until the consensus required for their final approval 
was obtained.  It was decided to hold further me etings in 2010 in order to address the outstanding 
issues. 
8. With regard to Resolution 68 (XV), the Gene ral Secretariat proposed a draft Action Plan 
containing a series of activities to provide SMEs with  support for their trade integration in the region. 
9. Concerning the social dimension of the LAIA integration process, in May 2008 the First 
Forum on a Social Dimension for LAIA Integration w as held and led to the identification of possible 
future lines of action.  Pursuant to Resolution 69 (XV), in July 2009 a meeting of Ministers 
responsible for social affairs in LAIA member c ountries was held and resulted in contributions and 
proposals that were taken into account when prepari ng the prioritized action plan for the development 
of the social dimension in the integration process,  which identifies the activities to be undertaken from 
2010 onwards, and the plan was approved by Resolu tion 360 of the Committee of Representatives.  
Within the Committee of Repres entatives, a Working Group on the Social Dimension of the 
LAIA Integration Process has been set up and a soci al dimension department established within the 
General Secretariat's operational structure (R esolutions 344 and 356 of the Committee of 
Representatives, respectively). 
10. With regard to Resolutions 70 (XV) and 71 ( XV) concerning the Evaluation and Convergence 
Conference, in October 2009 a regular meeting of the Conference was held at which member 
countries discussed a series of proposals and strategi es for various areas in order to strengthen and 
deepen the regional integration process.  Bearing in mind that several items on the agenda still had to 
be examined and decisions taken, the matter was put on hold and it was decided to set up a 
Coordination Commission, to be convened in 2 010, to continue with the work requested.
2 
11. In relation to trade in services, pursuant to Resolution 72 (XV), in October 2009 a first 
Meeting of Government Experts on Services was held at which a timetable for activities in 2010 was 
drawn up, including the holding of several workshops on statistics, legal regulat ions and the exchange 
of successful experiences of cooperation.  Priori ty was given to the professional services sector, 
together with the need to strengt hen the amalgamation of businesses. 
12. In connection with Resolution 73 (XV), the Ge neral Secretariat undertook several activities to 
promote intraregional trade, which included the pe rsonal attention given to users through institutional 
websites ( www.aladi.org  and www.pymeslatinas.org ), as well as attendance at fairs and events, 
training days and the development of trade intelligen ce, all with the aim of boosting the international 
presence of MSMEs. 
13. With regard to the "Declaration on the internati onal economic crisis and the action to be taken 
in the LAIA to deal with it", in April 2009 a seminar was held on promoting the agreement on 
reciprocal credit and payments and the use of sch emes for payment in local currency, and a meeting 
of the LAIA Council for Financial and Monetary A ffairs was held.  The latter called for technical 
work to be done, including a survey of economic ope rators, in order to gain  first-hand knowledge of 
the reasons for which the agreement was used or not used and the possible measures which, in the 
opinion of users, were necessary to make the agreement more effective. 
                                                      
2 The Evaluation Commission held two meetings in 2010, at which a document containing a 
consolidated text of the proposals submitted by member countries at the First Plenary Session of the Evaluation 
and Convergence Conference was considered and it w ill continue to be examined at future meetings.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 9 
 
 
  14. In addition, in July 2009 the first meeting of government officials responsible for MSMEs 
was held, providing an opportunity to examine th e impact of the international economic crisis on 
MSMEs in member countries, as well as the measures which each government was taking to lessen the impact. 
15. With regard to the digital certificate of origin, mentioned in the aforementioned Declaration, 
between 2008 and 2009 the General Secretariat took steps at the informatics level to implement it.  It 
prepared the structure for the digital certificate of origin (COD), which combines and summarizes in a 
single electronic file in XML format all the fields in the 11 paper certificate of origin forms for the 
regimes of origin in LAIA agreements currently in  force, based on certification by authorized bodies 
accredited with the LAIA.  Likewise, in 2008, th ere was international competitive bidding for the 
design and development of the SCOD - the comput er program for the accreditation and endorsement 
procedures for officials empowered to sign CODs, by  storing and saving their digital identification 
certificates in the LAIA's Secure Directory. 
II. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ADOPTED BY LAIA MEMBER COUNTRIES UNDER 
TM 80 DURING THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009 
16. This chapter lists the agreements adopt ed by LAIA member countries under the 
TM 80 framework within the reporting period, toge ther with the Additional Protocols containing 
provisions updating or expanding the Agreements .  The Agreements or Protocols adopted in 
preceding periods are also listed, as communi cated in the corresponding biennial reports. 
17. For reasons of methodology, the terminology used to identify the legal instruments 
(Agreements and Additional Protocols thereto) is that used by member countries when they are 
formalized in the LAIA, in the terms laid  down in TM 80:  Regional Scope Agreements
3 and Partial 
Scope Agreements4, among which Economic Complementarity Agreements have been the most 
dynamic legal instrument. 
18. Table No. 2 lists the legal instruments adopted during the reporting period and gives a brief 
description of the measures in each, listed by type a nd number of the agreement, as well as the date of 
its signature, formalization in the LAIA and entry into force, with the corresponding link to the LAIA 
website where they can be found. 
                                                      
3 Regional Scope Agreements are agreements to which all member countries are party. 
4 Partial Scope Agreements are those to which not all member countries are party and are aimed at 
creating the necessary conditions for deepening the regional integration process through its gradual 
multilateralization. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 10  
 
  Table No. 2 - List of legal instruments adopted by LAIA member countries 
under TM 80 during the period 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009 
 
Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
REGIONAL AGREEMENTS 
Market Opening List (NAM) 
Brazil, Bolivia 15th Additional 
Protocol to 
NAM 1  02.06.09 11.09.09 Includes products in the NAM granted by 
Brazil to Bolivia and determines specific requirements of origin for the clothing sector. 
Argentina, Bolivia 16
th Additional 
Protocol to 
NAM 1  08.07.09 25.08.09 Includes in the NAM granted by Argentina 
to Bolivia 47 products with the benefits and terms determined in the Protocol. 
PARTIAL SCOPE AGREEMENTS 
Economic Complementarity Agreements 
Brazil, Uruguay 68
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 2  17.07.08 31.07.08 Incorporates the Agreement on the 
Common Automotive Policy between the Federative Republic of Brazil and the 
Oriental Republic of Uruguay. 
Mexico, Peru 9th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 8  19.11.08 01.01.09 Extension of the Agreement's validity. 
Mexico, Peru 10th Additional 
Protocol to  
ECA 8  30.09.09 01.01.10 Extension of the Agreement's validity. 
Argentina, 
Brazil 38th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 14  23.06.08 01.07.08 Incorporates the Agreement on the 
Common Automotive Policy between the 
Argentine Republic and the Federative 
Republic of Brazil. 
MERCOSUR 60th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  12.05.08 Not entered 
into force Postpones the elimination of special 
customs regimes and related commitments until 31/12/08. 
MERCOSUR 61st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  11.04.08 16.08.09 Clarifies the MERCOSUR regime of 
origin. 
MERCOSUR 62nd 
Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  11.04.08 16.08.09 Determines in NCM HS 2007 the items 
subject to special regimes of origin. 
MERCOSUR 63rd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  11.04.08 16.08.09 Eliminates specific requ irements of origin 
for certain cocoa products. 
MERCOSUR 64th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  21.05.08 18.09.08 Determines terms of access for products 
from the free zones of Manaus in Brazil 
and Colonia and Nueva Palmira in 
Uruguay. 
MERCOSUR 65th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  09.07.08 17.07.09 Incorporates Decision No. 16/07 on the 
"MERCOSUR Regime of Origin".  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 11 
 
 
  Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
MERCOSUR 66th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  27.08.08 Not entered 
into force Incorporates Direc tive No. 23/07 on the 
"MERCOSUR Regime of Origin". 
MERCOSUR 67th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  01.10.08 Not entered 
into force Incorporates decisions  on "Special Import 
Regimes". 
MERCOSUR 68th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  07.07.09 Not entered 
into force Incorporates Decisi on No. 62/07 CMC on 
the regime for certifying goods originating from Israel and stored in MERCOSUR in-bond warehouses. 
Chile, Colombia 9
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 24  27.11.065 08.05.09 Formalization of the "Free Trade 
Agreement between Chile and Colombia" within the Scope  of ECA 24. 
MERCOSUR, 
Chile 48th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  07.07.08 20.11.08 Moves forward to 1/1/2009 a 100% 
preference for specifi c products, between 
Chile and Uruguay. 
MERCOSUR, Chile 49
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  25.11.08 Arg – Ch 
27.01.09 
Bra - Ch 
06.02.09 
Uru - Ch 
06.02.09 
Par - Ch 
19.06.09 Extends benefits to specific goods 
manufactured in or coming from free zones. 
MERCOSUR, Chile 50
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  10.12.08 26.07.09 Chile grants Paraguay a differentiated 
regime of origin for certain goods. 
MERCOSUR, Chile 51
st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  10.12.08 26.07.09 Moves forward to 1/1/2009 a 100% 
preference for specifi c products, between 
Chile and Paraguay. 
MERCOSUR, Chile 52
nd 
Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  05.06.09 Not entered 
into force Replaces all of Annex 13 to the Agreement 
"Regime of Origin". 
MERCOSUR, Chile 53
rd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  27.05.09 Not entered 
into force Incorporates the "Pro tocol on Trade in 
Services, between MERCOSUR and 
Chile". 
MERCOSUR, 
Chile 54th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  07.07.09 06.12.09 Brazil and Chile will apply the preferences 
determined for all goods manufactured in 
or coming from free zones, with the 
exception of those classified in Chapters 50 to 63 (NALADISA). 
MERCOSUR, Chile 55
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  07.09.09 04.02.10 Chile and Uruguay will apply the 
preferences determined for all goods manufactured in or coming from free zones. 
                                                      
5 Formalized in the LAIA on 12 June 2009. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 12  
 
  Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
Chile, Peru 3rd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 38  22.08.066 01.03.09 Registers the Free Trade Agreement 
between Chile and Peru within the 
framework of ECA 38, amending and 
replacing its provisions and other 
instruments concluded within its scope. 
Chile, Mexico 1st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 41  28.08.077 02.11.08 Incorporates the chapter on government 
procurement. 
Bolivia, Cuba 1st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 47  04.02.09 Not entered 
into force Lowers tariffs immediately and includes 
new disciplines. 
Colombia, Cuba 2
nd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 49  01.02.08 19.11.08 Incorporates new lists of products, 
disciplines and amendments to the 
Agreement. 
Cuba, Peru Protocol 
amending 
ECA 50  12.03.09 Not entered 
into force Replaces all of Annexes I and II on tariff 
preferences, expressing these in 
NALADISA 2007. 
MERCOSUR, 
Mexico 2nd Additional 
Protocol Ap.II 
to ECA 55  16.12.08 26.02.09 Extends the opening of the automotive 
sector to new products. 
Argentina, Uruguay 2
nd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 57  22.04.08 01.08.08 Determines quotas for preferential regime 
trade in the automotive sector. 
MERCOSUR, Colombia, 
Ecuador, 
Venezuela 5
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 59  21.05.08 Arg - Col 
10.02.09 
Bra - Col 
10.02.09 
Uru - Col 
04.05.09 
Not entered 
into force for 
the other 
parties Introduces amendments to the trade 
liberalization regime. 
MERCOSUR, Colombia, Ecuador, 
Venezuela 6
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 59  21.05.08 Arg - Col 
01.01.07 
Bra - Col 
01.01.07 
Not entered 
into force for 
the other 
parties Extends the validity of certain specific 
origin requirements and incorporates amendments to the regime of origin. 
MERCOSUR, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela 7
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 59  21.05.08 Bra - Col 
15.12.08 
Bra - Ecu 
Not entered 
into force Extends the validity of certain specific 
origin requirements. 
                                                      
6 Formalized in the LAIA on 26 February 2009. 
7 Formalized in the LAIA on 23 January 2009.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 13 
 
 
  Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
MERCOSUR, 
Colombia, 
Ecuador, 
Venezuela 8th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 59  30.12.09 Not entered 
into force Brazil gives Ecuador a 100% preference for 
over 2,000 headings (NALADISA 96). 
Uruguay, Venezuela ECA 63
 17.08.08 03.04.09 Venezuela gives Uruguay a total reduction 
for a group of products in its exportable offer. 
Paraguay, Venezuela ECA 64
 16.08.08 No 
information 
available Venezuela gives Paraguay a reduction for a 
group of products in its exportable offer. 
Chile, Ecuador ECA 65  10.03.08 25.01.10 Establishes a new Economic 
Complementarity Agreement, repealing ECA 32 and keeping the same lists of 
exceptions expressed in NALADISA 2007. 
Agreements covered by Article 25 of the TM 80 
Brazil, Guyana 4th Additional 
Protocol to 
AAP.A25 
TM 38  26.08.08 No 
information 
available Extends the validity of the Agreement. 
 
19. Table No. 3 lists the legal instruments adopted  and formalized prior to the reporting period 
but which entered into force during th is period, listed by ty pe and number of the agreement, as well as 
the date of its signature and entry into force, w ith the corresponding link to the LAIA website where 
they can be found. 
Table No. 3 - List of legal instruments ad opted and formalized prior to the period 
1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009, which entered into force during this period 
 
Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
PARTIAL SCOPE AGREEMENTS 
Economic Complementarity Agreements 
Mexico, Peru 8th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 8  09.11.07 01.01.08 Extends the validity of the Agreement. 
MERCOSUR 50th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  28.03.06 12.12.08 Regulations for the approval and 
incorporation of amendments to the MERCOSUR Common Nomenclature and its corresponding Common External Tariff. 
MERCOSUR 54th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  28.03.06 16.08.09 Extends the MERCOSUR Regime of 
Origin. 
MERCOSUR 58th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  20.04.06 16.08.09 Provisions on completing the MERCOSUR 
Certificate of Origin for transactions involving a third party. 
MERCOSUR 59th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 18  17.12.07 Arg - Bra 
30.07.08 
Uru 
30.07.09 Creates an optional scheme for payment in 
local currency for trade among 
MERCOSUR States Parties. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 14  
 
  Parties to the 
Agreement Legal 
instruments Date of 
signature Date of entry 
into force Brief description of the measures 
MERCOSUR, 
Chile 44th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 35  26.09.05 Par - Chi 
03.05.08 Chile and MERCOSUR agree to implement 
a bilateral trade liberalization programme 
for wheat and flour. 
MERCOSUR, Bolivia 24
th Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 36  18.08.06 08.04.09 Incorporates the "MERCOSUR Action Plan 
for Foot and Mouth Di sease-Free Status". 
Cuba, 
Venezuela 3rd Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 40  13.11.07 25.02.09 Consolidates and arranges in a single text 
Economic Complementarity Partial Scope Agreement No. 40 between the Republic of Cuba and the Bolivarian Republic of 
Venezuela. 
Chile, Cuba ECA 42  20.12.99 27.06.08 The objectives of the Agreement are, inter 
alia, to facilitate, expand, diversify and 
promote trade in goods between the Parties. 
Chile, Cuba 1st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 42  25.07.00 Entry into 
force 
uncertain8 Amends Articles 10 and 13, repeals 
Article 12 and Annex III (Regime of 
Origin), and amends Cuba's list of 
preferences in Annex I. 
MERCOSUR, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela 1
st Additional 
Protocol to 
ECA 59  18.10.04 27.05.09 Incorporates the dispute settlement regime. 
MERCOSUR, 
Cuba ECA 62  21.07.06 Cub - Uru 
03.09.08 
Cub - Par 
24.02.09 The objective of th e Agreement is to 
promote trade among the signatory countries by lowering or eliminating tariffs 
and other restrictions on the import of the 
products negotiated. 
 
20. Annex I summarizes for each of the legal inst ruments mentioned in tables No. 2 and No. 3 
their scope and the trade-related provisions referred to therein. 
21. Table No. 4 shows the agreements formalized in LAIA by category of agreement at 
31 December 2009. 
Table No. 4 - Agreements formalized in LAIA at 31 December 2009 
 
Type of agreement 
according to 
TM 80 Number of 
agreements 
formalized at 
31/12/09 Comments 
REGIONAL AGREEMENTS  
Regional tariff 
preference 1  
Market opening 
agreements 3 AR.AM No. 1 (for Bolivia), AR.AM No. 2 (for Ecuador) and 
AR.AM No. 3 (for Paraguay). 
                                                      
8 Although Article 7 provides that the Protocol will enter into force on the date of its signature 
(25 July 2000), incorporation into domestic law by the Parties was completed on 4 December 2008, when the 
Decree by which Chile enacted the Protocol  was published in the Official Journal.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 15 
 
 
  Type of agreement 
according to 
TM 80 Number of 
agreements 
formalized at 
31/12/09 Comments 
Scientific and 
technical 
cooperation 1  
Cooperation and 
trade in cultural 
goods 1  
Framework 
agreement on 
promoting trade by 
eliminating technical barriers 
to trade 1  
PARTIAL SCOPE AGREEMENTS  
Economic 
Complementarity Agreements (ECAs) 34
9 ECA No. 2 (Brazil - Uruguay), ECA No. 6 (Argentina - Mexico), 
ECA No. 8 (Mexico - Peru), ECA No. 13 (Argentina - Paraguay), ECA No. 14 (Argentina - Brazil), ECA No. 16 (Argentina - Chile), ECA No. 18 (MERCOSUR), ECA No. 22 (Bolivia - Chile), ECA No. 23 
(Chile - Venezuela), ECA No. 24 (Chile - Colombia), ECA No. 31 
(Bolivia - Mexico), ECA No. 32 (Chile - Ecuador), ECA No. 33 (Colombia - Mexico - Venezuela), ECA No. 35 (MERCOSUR - Chile), 
ECA No. 36 (MERCOSUR - Bolivia), ECA No. 38 (Chile - Peru), 
ECA No. 40 (Cuba - Venezuela), ECA No. 41 (Chile - Mexico), ECA No. 42 (Chile - Cuba), ECA No. 46 (Cuba - Ecuador), ECA No. 47 
(Bolivia - Cuba), ECA No. 49 (Col ombia - Cuba), ECA No. 50 (Cuba - 
Peru), ECA No. 51 (Cuba - Mexico), ECA No. 53 (Brazil - Mexico), 
ECA No. 54 (MERCOSUR - Mexico), ECA No. 55 (MERCOSUR - 
Mexico), ECA No. 57 (Argentina - Uruguay), ECA No. 58 (MERCOSUR - Peru), ECA No. 59 (MERCOSUR - Ecuador, Colombia 
and Venezuela), ECA No. 60 (Mexico - Uruguay), ECA No. 62 
(MERCOSUR - Cuba), ECA No. 63 (Uruguay - Venezuela) and ECA No. 64 (Uruguay - Venezuela). 
Agreements on renegotiation of the historical 
heritage 2 AAP.R No. 29 (Ecuador - Mexico) and AAP.R No. 38 (Paraguay - 
Mexico). 
Agricultural agreements 
(Art. 12 of TM 80) 3 AAP.AG No. 1, (Argentina and Uruguay), AAP.AG No. 2 (all member 
countries except Mexico) and AAP.AG No. 3 (Argentina, Bolivia, 
Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay). 
Trade promotion 
agreements 
(Art. 12 of TM 80) 15  
Other agreements 
(Art. 14 of TM 80) 15  
                                                      
9 ECA No. 65 repealed ECA No. 32 as of 25 January 2010.  No information is available concerning the 
entry into force of ECA No. 64. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 16  
 
  Type of agreement 
according to 
TM 80 Number of 
agreements 
formalized at 
31/12/09 Comments 
Agreements with 
other developing 
countries (Art. 25 
of TM 80) 19 AAP.A25TM No. 6 (Colombia - Nicaragua), AAP.A25TM No. 7 
(Colombia - Costa Rica), AAP.A25TM No. 8 (Colombia - El Salvador), 
AAP.A25TM No. 9 (Colombia - Honduras), AAP.A25TM No. 14 
(Mexico - Panama), AAP.A25TM No. 16 (Venezuela - Honduras), AAP.A25TM No. 20 (Venezuela - Trinidad and Tobago),AAP.A25TM 
No. 22 (Venezuela - Guyana),  AAP.A25TM No. 23 (Venezuela - 
Guatemala), AAP.A25TM No. 24 (Venezuela - CARICOM), AAP.A25TM No. 25 (Venezuela - Nicaragua), AAP.A25TM No. 26 
(Venezuela - Costa Rica), AAP.A25TM No. 27 (Venezuela - 
El Salvador), AAP.A25TM No. 29 (Colombia - Panama), AAP.A25TM No. 31 (Colombia - CARICOM), AAP.A25TM No. 36 (Cuba - 
Guatemala), AAP.A25TM No. 37 (Mexic o - Guatemala   El Salvador), 
AAP.A25TM No. 38 (Brazil - Guyana), AAP.A25TM No. 41 (Brazil - Suriname). 
Total agreements 101  
Source : General Secretariat of the LAIA. 
 
III. ANALYSIS OF TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER COUNTRIES OVER THE PERIOD 
1 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 DECEMBER 2009 
22. The extensive network of agreements within the LAIA framework has enabled expansion of 
intraregional trade, even though the latter has not been immune to the negative impact of the global 
economy or the economic cycles in regional economies. 
Chart No. 1 - Trend in intraregional trad e and trade with the rest of the world 
in member countries, in terms of imports, in 1990 constant dollars 
(1995-2009) 
 
 
Source : General Secretariat of the LAIA. 
  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 17 
 
 
   
23. Chart No. 1 shows that, up to 2008, both intrar egional trade and trade with third countries 
showed the same upward trend as in the previous five -year period, but in 2009 this growth came to a 
halt.  This was seen simultaneously at both levels, the regional level and with the rest of the world. 
24. This decline was the result of the impact of the international financial crisis on regional 
demand, basically linked to lower prices for raw materials and the contraction of credit at the 
international level. 
25. It is hoped that intraregional trade and trade w ith the rest of the world will show signs of 
recovery in 2010 as a result of higher prices for raw materials and the expected growth in the GDP of 
the majority of member countries. 
26. The data in table No. 5 shows the parallel tre nd in intra- and extraregional trade and trade 
with the rest of the world for LAIA member c ountries over the period 2007-2009, measured in terms 
of imports. 
27. Between 2007 and 2008, the region' s total trade increased by 25.7  per cent at the intraregional 
level and 14.8 per cent with the rest of the world,  whereas in 2009 there was a drop of 27.4 per cent 
and 24.6 per cent in comparison with the 2008 levels fo r intra-zone and extra-zone trade, respectively.  
  WT/COMTD/72 
Page 18 Table No. 5 - Total imports by country, by or igin LAIA/rest of world, 2007, 2008 and 2009 
(in millions of dollars c.i.f.) 
 
2007 2008 2009 Change 2008/2007 Change 2009/2008 
COUNTRY LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total 
Argentina 18,647 26,060 44,707 23,134 34,289 57, 423 15,269 23,492 38,761 24.1 31.6 28.4 -34.0 -31.5 -32.5 
Bolivia 1,992 1,465 3,457 2,901 2,086 4, 987 2,543 1,924 4,467 45.6 42.4 44.3 -12.3 -7.8 -10.4 
Brazil 21,608 105,047 126,655 28,882 153,523 182, 405 22,923 110,688 133,611 33.7 46.1 44.0 -20.6 -27.9 -26.8 
Chile 14,087 28,655 42,742 18,430 38,215 56, 645 12,378 26,413 38,791 30.8 33.4 32.5 -32.8 -30.9 -31.5 
Colombia 9,734 23,311 33,045 10,098 29,523 39, 621 8,262 24,557 32,819 3.7 26.6 19.9 -18.2 -16.8 -17.2 
Cuba 3,212 6,862 10,073 5,811 8,438 14, 249 3,647 5,316 8,963 80.9 23.0 41.5 -37.2 -37.0 -37.1 
Ecuador 5,529 8,293 13,822 7,708 10,889 18, 597 5,901 10,157 16,058 39.4 31.3 34.5 -23.4 -6.7 -13.7 
Mexico (1) 12,475 269,474 281,949 12,112 296,492 308,603 8,133 226,252 234,385 -2.9 10.0 9.5 -32.8 -23.7 -24.0 
Paraguay 2,916 2,924 5,841 4,454 4,052 8, 506 3,153 3,344 6,497 52.7 38.6 45.6 -29.2 -17.5 -23.6 
Peru 7,704 12,715 20,418 10,257 19,639 29, 896 7,085 14,730 21,815 33.1 54.5 46.4 -30.9 -25.0 -27.0 
Uruguay 3,419 2,209 5,628 4,737 4,196 8, 933 3,883 3,024 6,907 38.5 89.9 58.7 -18.0 -27.9 -22.7 
Venezuela (1) 15,349 26,562 41,911 17,910 28,619 46, 529 13,130 25,321 38,451 16.7 7.7 11.0 -26.7 -11.5 -17.4 
TOTAL 116,672 513,578 630,250 146,433 629,960 776, 394 106,307 475,218 581,525 25.5 22.7 23.2 -27.4 -24.6 -25.1 
(1) F.o.b. values. 
Source : Data provided by member countries. 
 Prepared by the LAIA General Secretariat. 
 
  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 19 
 
 
  28. Those countries which saw the biggest declin e in intraregional imports between 2008 and 
2009 were Cuba, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru and Paraguay, with negative changes exceeding 
30 per cent.  As to imports from the rest of the wo rld, the impact was felt most by Cuba, Argentina, 
Mexico and Peru, with figures similar to the preceding ones. 
29. Table No. 6 shows that the situation was si milar for member countries' exports over the 
period 2007-2009.  Ecuador, Peru, Chile and Brazil were the member countries that recorded the 
largest negative changes in their regional trade during the aforementioned period, whereas for trade 
with the rest of the world they were Venezuela, Paraguay and Ecuador. 
  
  WT/COMTD/72 
Page 20 Table No. 6 - Total exports by countries, by d estination LAIA-rest of world, 2007, 2008 and 2009 
(in millions of US dollars, f.o.b.) 
 
2007 2008 2009 Change 2008/2007 Change 2009/2008 
COUNTRY LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total LAIA Rest of 
world Total 
Argentina 21,693 34,288 55,980 26,856 43,164 70, 021 22,697 32,243 54,940 23.8 25.9 25.1 -15.5 -25.3 -21.5 
Bolivia 2,957 1,903 4,860 4,455 2,497 6, 953 3,160 2,257 5,417 50.7 31.2 43.1 -29.1 -9.6 -22.1 
Brazil 36,314 123,948 160,262 43,161 154,782 197, 942 29,950 123,045 152,995 18.9 24.9 23.5 -30.6 -20.5 -22.7 
Chile 10,110 55,630 65,740 12,244 56,843 69, 088 8,456 41,465 49,921 21.1 2.2 5.1 -30.9 -27.1 -27.7 
Colombia 8,860 21,152 30,011 10,880 26,746 37, 626 8,079 24,771 32,850 22.8 26.4 25.4 -25.7 -7.4 -12.7 
Cuba (1) 565 3,121 3,686 537 3,127 3,664 670 2,209 2,879 -5 .0 0.2 -0.6 24.8 -29.4 -21.4 
Ecuador 3,732 10,590 14,321 5,370 14,926 20, 296 3,274 10,450 13,724 43.9 40.9 41.7 -39.0 -30.0 -32.4 
Mexico  11,086 260,790 271,875 14,132 277,211 291, 343 10,124 219,497 229,621 27.5 6.3 7.2 -28.4 -20.8 -21.2 
Paraguay 1,721 1,024 2,745 3,012 1,451 4,463 2,218 973 3, 191 75.0 41.7 62.6 -26.4 -33.0 -28.5 
Peru 4,974 21,850 26,824 5,787 24,639 30, 426 3,639 22,266 25,905 16.3 12.8 13.4 -37.1 -9.6 -14.9 
Uruguay 1,795 2,719 4,514 2,344 3,605 5, 949 2,057 3,329 5,386 30.6 32.6 31.8 -12.2 -7.7 -9.5 
Venezuela (2) 3,550 66,445 69,995 11,384 83,754 95, 138 7,070 50,525 57,595 220.7 26.1 35.9 -37.9 -39.7 -39.5 
TOTAL 107,356 603,459 710,815 140,161 692,746 832,907 101,394 533,030 634,424 30.6 14.8 17.2 -27.7 -23.1 -23.8 
(1) Source : Cuban National St atistics Office. 
(2) Source : Central Bank of Venezuela. 
Source : Data provided by member countries. 
 Prepared by the LAIA General Secretariat. 
  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 21 
 
 
  CONCLUSIONS 
 
30. Over the period 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009, the LAIA took steps to draw up its 
new work programme, complying with the terms of reference given by the XVth Council of Ministers, 
held in 2009.  During this period, a total of 51  legal instruments within the TM 80 framework came 
into force, including the adoption of five Agreem ents and 46 Additional Protocols, as can be seen 
from tables No. 2 and No. 3. 
31. This process took place in parallel with the de velopment of member countries' trade among 
themselves and with the rest of the world, whic h showed an upward trend until 2008, but slowed 
down in 2009, both as regards intraregional and extrareg ional trade, basically because of the effects of 
the international economic crisis that occurred in 2009. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 22  
 
  ANNEX 1 
 
Summary of the legal instruments adopted under TM 80 during the period
 
1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009  
 
 
Agreements 
 
¾ ECA Nº 63 (Uruguay - Venezuela ) 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 02, 03, 04, 07, 08, 10, 11, 15, 16, 21, 22, 28, 30, 32, 34, 42, 51, 
61, 62 and 84 of the Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Trade preferences and regime of origin. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 64 (Paraguay - Venezuela
) 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 02, 05, 10, 12, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 30, 41, 44, 56, 61 and 85 of the 
Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences and regime of origin. 
 
Additional Protocols 
 
¾ ECA Nº 2 (Brazil - Uruguay
) 
• 68th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in the automotive sector, chapters 84 and 87 of the Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, import quotas and rules of origin on the 
percentage of regional content and certification. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 14 (Argentina - Brazil
) 
• 38th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in the automotive sector, chapters  38, 39, 40, 42, 45, 48, 49, 57, 59, 68, 69, 
70, 73, 74, 76, 83, 84, 85 and 87 of the Harmonized System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  External tariffs applicable to automotive products not originating 
in the parties, tariff preferences for intrazone trade, temporary admission, and rules of origin on the percentage of regional content and certification. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 18 (MERCOSUR
) 
• 61st Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in the tariff universe as a whole,  with the exception of the automotive and 
sugar sectors. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Rules of origin concerning specific requirements, intermediate 
materials and certification.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 23 
 
 
   
• 62nd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 04, 13, 15 to 18, 20 to 23, 25, 28, 29, 30, 38, 39, 48, 49, 51 to 62, 
64, 70, 72, 73, 82, 84 to 90 and 94 of the Harmonized System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Specific origin requirements. 
 
• 63rd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapter 18 of the Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Eliminates specific requirements of origin for the following tariff 
headings in the MERCOSUR Common Nomenclature (NCM) 1803.10.00, 1803.20.00, 
1804.00.00 and 1805.00.00. 
 
• 64
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products from the free zones in Brazil and Uruguay in chapters 10, 11, 12, 21, 32, 33, 
37, 38, 82, 84, 85, 87, 91 and 96 of the Harmonized System, solely for the purpose of bilateral trade between the two countries. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences and rules of origin on the certification of these 
products. 
 
• 65
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in the tariff universe as a whole,  with the exception of the automotive and 
sugar sectors. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Rules of origin on eligibility criteria. 
 
• 66
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 01 to 76 and 78 to 96  of the Harmonized System, solely for the 
purpose of trade between MERCOSUR and Andean countries. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
• 67th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Common external tariff. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Maintains in effect certain special import regimes because of their 
limited economic impact or because th ey have no trade-related purpose. 
 
• 68th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 01 to 76 and 78 to 96 of the Harmonized System, granted by 
Israel under the free trade agreement with MERCOSUR. 
 WT/COMTD/72 
Page 24  
 
  - Trade-related provisions :  Rules of origin on the certification of goods originating in Israel 
and stored in in-bond warehouses in States members of MERCOSUR. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 24 (Chile - Colombia
) 
• 9th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Trade in goods:  products in chapters 01, 02, 04, 06 to 09, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 
21, 22, 23, 25 to 36, 38, 39, 40, 44, 47, 48, 49, 51 to 56, 58, 59, 61 to 64, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 76, 78, 82 to 85, 87, 90, 91 and 94.  Commitments on trade in services and other 
trade-related issues. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, regime of origin, trade facilitation, technical 
barriers to trade, trade defence, sanitary a nd phytosanitary measures, investment, trade in 
services, temporary entry of persons, e-commerce, environment, government procurement and dispute settlement. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 35 (MERCOSUR - Chile
) 
• 48th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products listed in Annexes 6 and 7 to th e Agreement and amendments thereto in the 
Additional Protocols. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
• 49
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products from free zones in States Parties. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
• 50
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 38, 39, 61, 62, 63 , 85, 87, 94 and 95 of the Harmonized System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Special differentiated requirements of origin for Paraguay. 
 
• 51st Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products listed in Annexes 6 and 7 to th e Agreement and amendments thereto in the 
Additional Protocols. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
• 52nd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products listed in Annexes 1 to 11 to th e Agreement and amendments thereto in the 
Additional Protocols. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Regime of origin consolidated in a single text. 
  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 25 
 
 
  • 53rd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Trade in services. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Specific services commitments. 
 
• 54
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products from the free zones in Brazil and Chile, with the exception of those in 
chapters 50 to 63 of the Harmonized System, sole ly for the purpose of bilateral trade between 
the two countries. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences and rules of origin on certification. 
 
• 55
th Additional Protocol  
- Scope :  Products from free zones in Uruguay and Chile, solely for the purpose of bilateral 
trade between the two countries. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences and rules of origin on certification. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 38 (Chile - Peru
) 
• 3rd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Trade in services, products in chapters 01 to 76 and 78 to 97 of the Harmonized 
System.  Commitments on services and other trade-related issues. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, regime of origin, trade facilitation, trade 
defence, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, te chnical barriers to trade, trade in services, 
temporary entry of persons, competition policy, investment, and dispute settlement. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 41 (Chile - Mexico
) 
• 1st Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Government procurement. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Government procurement by the entities indicated in the 
Agreement. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 47 (Bolivia - Cuba ) 
• 1st Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Trade in services, products in the tariff universe as a whole.  Commitments on 
services and other "New Issues" related to trade. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, regime of origin, trade defence, sanitary and 
phytosanitary measures, trade in services, in tellectual property, investment and dispute 
settlement. 
 WT/COMTD/72 
Page 26  
 
  ¾ ECA Nº 49 (Colombia - Cuba
) 
• 2nd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 01 to 10, 12, 13, 15 to 35, 37 to 44, 46, 48, 49, 52 to 65, 68 to 74, 
76, 78 to 85, 87, 89, 90 and 92 to 97 of the Harmonized System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, regime of origin, sanitary and phytosanitary 
measures and dispute settlement. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 50 (Cuba - Peru ) 
• Transposition Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in chapters 01 to 08, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20 to 26, 28 to 35, 38, 39, 40, 42, 
44, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53 to 56, 59, 60, 61, 63, 68 to 74, 76, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 
92, 94, 95 and 97. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 55 (MERCOSUR - Mexico
) 
• 2nd Additional Protocol to Appendix II 
- Scope :  Products in the automotive sector, chapters 49, 74, 76, 82, 83, 84, 85, 90, 94 and 96 of 
the Harmonized System, solely for the purpose of bilateral trade between Brazil and Mexico. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 57 (Argentina - Uruguay
) 
• 2nd Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products in the automotive sector. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Import quotas and rules of origin  on the percentage of preferential 
content. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 59 (MERCOSUR - Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela
) 
• 5th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  For bilateral trade between Colombia and Ar gentina, products in chapters 18, 56, 59, 
61, 62, 63, 72 and 73 of the Harmonized System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Colombia and Brazil, products in chapters 25, 28, 29, 32, 38, 39, 
69, 72, 74, 82, 84, 85, 90 and 91 of the Harmonized System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Colombia and Urugua y, products in chapter 40 of the Harmonized 
System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Ecuador and Argentin a, products in chapters 21, 56, 72 and 73 of 
the Harmonized System.  WT/COMTD/72 
 Page 27 
 
 
   
For bilateral trade between Ec uador and Paraguay, products in  chapter 16 of the Harmonized 
System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Venezuela and Argen tina, products in chapters 56, 59, 84 and 87 
of the Harmonized System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Venezuela and Ur uguay, products in chapters 39 and 87 of the 
Harmonized System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences and specific origin requirements. 
 
• 6th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  For bilateral trade between Colombia , Ecuador and Venezuela and Argentina, 
products in chapter 56 of the Harmonized System. 
 
For bilateral trade between Colombia and Br azil, products in chapters 28 and 29 of the 
Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Specific origin requirements. 
 
• 8
th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Solely for the purpose of bilateral trad e between Brazil and Ecuador, products in 
chapters 02, 03, 04, 06 to 13, 15 to 24, 28 to 46, 48 to 76, 78, 79, 80 and 82 to 96 of the 
Harmonized System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences. 
 
¾ ECA Nº 65 (Ecuador - Chile
)10 
- Scope :  Tariff universe. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Determines special discip lines and cooperation mechanisms 
relating to sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, customs matters, 
and dispute settlement. 
 
¾ NAM 1 (Regional agreement
) 
• 15th Additional Protocol 
- Scope :  Products granted to Bolivia by Brazil,  in chapters 61 and 62 of the Harmonized 
System. 
 
- Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, import quotas and rules of origin on the value 
of regional content. 
 
                                                      
10 ECA 65 was adopted on 10 August 2008 and came into force on 25 January 2010. WT/COMTD/72 
Page 28  
 
  • 16
th Additional Protocol  
- Scope :  Products granted to Bolivia by Argentin a, in chapters 61 and 62 of the Harmonized 
System. 
 - Trade-related provisions :  Tariff preferences, import quotas and rules of origin on the value 
of regional content. 
 
__________