APPENDIX TABLES China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 257 
 
 
Table AI.1 
Merchandise exports by group of products, 1998-05 
(US$ million and per cent)  
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Total exports (US$ million) 183,809.1 194,930.9 249,202.6 266,098.2 325,596.0 438,227.8 593,325.6 761,999.1 
Processed exports 104,454.0 110,882.0 137,652.0 147,434.0 179,927.0 241,849.0 327,998.0 416,481.4 
 (Per cent) 
Total primary products 12.6 11.6 11.6 11.2 9.9 9.2 8.4 7.9 
Agriculture 7.8 7.3 6.6 6.2 5.8 5.1 4.1 3.8 
Food 6.6 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.0 4.4 3.5 3.2 
Agricultural raw material 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 
Mining 4.8 4.3 5.0 4.9 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.1 
Ores and other minerals 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 
Non-ferrous metals 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.4 
Fuels 2.8 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 
Manufactures 87.2 88.3 88.2 88.6 89.9 90.6 91.4 .. 
Iron and steel 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.1 2.3 2.5 
Chemicals 5.6 5.3 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.7 
Other semi-manufactures 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.4 7.6 
Machinery and transport 
equipment 27.3 30.2 33.1 35.7 39.0 42.8 45.2 46.2 
Power generating machines 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 .. 
Other non-electrical 
machinery 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.7 
7415 Air conditioning 
mch,pts 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 .. 
Office machines & telecom. 
equipment 13.8 15.5 17.5 19.6 23.2 26.9 29.0 .. 
7599 Parts, data proc. etc. 
mch 1.7 2.0 2.3 3.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 .. 
7522 Digital computers 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 1.1 3.2 3.9 .. 
7526 Input or output units 1.9 2.5 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.6 3.8 .. 
7649 Parts, telecommun. 
equipt 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.1 .. 
7643 TV, radio transmittrs 
etc 0.3 0.5 1.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.7 .. 
7638 Sound, video 
recordng etc 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.5 2.0 2.4 2.7 .. 
7764 Electronic 
microcircuits 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.9 .. 
7527 Storage units, data 
proc. 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 .. 
7641 Line telephone etc. 
equip 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 .. 
7611 Colour television 
receiver 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.9 .. 
Other electrical machines 6.2 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.2 7.2 .. 
7712 Oth. elec power 
mach, part 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 .. 
7758 Electro-thermic appl 
nes 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 .. 
Automotive products 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 .. 
7843 Other parts, motor 
vehicl 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 .. 
Other transport equipment 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0 2.6 2.9 2.7 .. 
7863 Transport containers 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 .. 
Textiles 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.6 5.4 
Clothing 16.3 15.4 14.5 13.8 12.7 11.9 10.4 9.7 
8453 Jersys, pullovrs, etc.knit 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.1 .. 
8442 Suits, dresses, skirts, etc. 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 .. 
Other consumer goods 21.7 21.7 20.0 19.0 18.4 16.9 15.9 .. 
8719 Liq. crystal devices;  
lasers 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.2 .. 
8942 Children's toys 2.8 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.1 .. 
8514 Other footwear, lthr. 
uppers 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.8 .. 
Other 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 .. 
.. Not available. 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2005), China's Customs 
Statistics:   Monthly Exports & Imports, 12, Series No. 196. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 258 
 
 
Table AI.2 
Merchandise imports by group of products, 1998-05 
(US$ million and per cent)  
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Total imports (US$ million) 140,236.8 165,699.1 225,093.7 243,552.9 295,170.1 412,759.8 561,228.7 660,118.5 
Imports for processing 68,599.0 73,578.0 92,558.0 93,974.0 122,200.0 162,935.0 221,741.0 274,025.9 
 (Per cent) 
Total primary products 18.8 19.0 23.8 21.3 19.2 20.1 23.4 25.0 
Agriculture 9.0 8.4 8.7 8.3 7.4 7.4 7.5 6.8 
Food 4.8 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.3 
2222 Soya beans 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.3 1.2 .. 
Agricultural raw material 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.6 
Mining 9.8 10.7 15.1 13.1 11.8 12.7 15.9 18.1 
Ores and other minerals 2.5 2.5 2.9 3.3 2.8 3.2 4.8 5.8 
2815 Iron ore, concntr. not 
agg 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.9 .. 
Non-ferrous metals 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 
6821 Copper;  anodes;  alloys 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 .. 
Fuels 4.8 5.4 9.2 7.2 6.5 7.1 8.6 9.7 
3341 Motor gasolene, light 
oil 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.6 .. 
3330 Crude petroleum 2.3 2.8 6.6 4.8 4.3 4.8 6.0 .. 
Manufactures 80.6 80.1 75.5 78.0 80.2 79.6 76.3 .. 
Iron and steel 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.6 5.3 4.2 4.0 
Chemicals 14.4 14.5 13.4 13.2 13.2 11.9 11.7 11.8 
5138 Polycarboxylic acids, etc 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 .. 
5112 Cyclic hydrocarbons 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 .. 
Other semi-manufactures 7.2 6.7 5.6 5.1 4.8 4.2 3.8 3.4 
Machinery and transport equipment 40.5 41.9 40.8 43.9 46.4 46.7 45.0 44.0 
Power generating machines 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 .. 
Other non-electrical machinery 12.0 10.8 9.5 10.6 11.1 10.6 10.3 8.5 
7284 Mach. appl. spcl indus 
nes 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 .. 
Office machines & telecom. 
equipment 15.7 18.4 19.7 20.4 22.5 23.3 22.9 .. 
7764 Electronic microcircuits 3.3 4.5 5.9 6.8 8.7 10.0 10.9 .. 
7649 Parts, telecommun. 
equipt 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.2 .. 
7599 Parts, data proc. etc. 
mch 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.8 3.2 2.9 2.6 .. 
7527 Storage units, data proc. 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.5 .. 
7763 Diodes, transistors etc. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.3 .. 
Other electrical machines 5.9 6.2 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.3 .. 
7786 Electrical capacitors 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 .. 
7722 Printed circuits 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 .. 
7725 Switch. apparatus 
<1000v 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 .. 
Automotive products 1.5 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 3.1 2.6 .. 
7812 Pass. transport vehicles 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.8 .. 
7843 Other parts, motor 
vehicl 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.3 .. 
Other transport equipment 3.0 2.8 1.7 2.7 2.2 1.9 1.7 .. 
7924 Aircrft etc. ULW 
>15000kg 1.8 1.4 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 .. 
Textiles 7.9 6.7 5.7 5.2 4.4 3.4 2.7 2.3 
Clothing 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 
Other consumer goods 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.7 6.2 7.7 8.7 .. 
8719 Liq. crystal devices;  lasers 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.5 3.1 4.1 .. 
Other 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.3 .. 
.. Not available. 
Source : NSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2005), China's Customs 
Statistics:   Monthly Exports & Imports, 12, Series No. 196. China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 259 
 
 
Table AI.3 
Merchandise exports by destination, 1998-05 
(US$ million and per cent)  
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Total exports (US$ million) 183,80 9.1 194,930.9 249,20 2.6 266,098.2 325,59 6.0 438,227.8 593, 325.6 761,999.1 
 (Per cent) 
America 24.7 25.5 25.1 24.8 25.7 25.1 25.5 26.0 
United States 20.7 21.5 20.9 20.4 21.5 21.1 21.1 21.4 
Other America 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.7 
Canada 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 
Mexico 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 
Europe 17.3 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.0 19.0 19.3 20.2 
EC(25) 16.2 16.4 16.4 16.6 16.1 17.9 18.1 18.9 
Germany 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.3 
Netherlands 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.4 
United Kingdom 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 
Italy 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 
France 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.5 
Belgium-Luxembourg 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 
Spain 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 
EFTA 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 
Other Europe 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 
CISa 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.6 2.1 2.3 2.8 
Russian Federation 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.7 
Africa 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.5 
Middle East 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9 
United Arab Emirates 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 
Asia 52.3 51.5 51.7 51.5 50.6 48.4 47.6 45.6 
Japan 16.1 16.6 16.7 16.9 14.9 13.6 12.4 11.0 
Six East Asian Traders 30.3 28.8 28.7 28.3 29.3 28.3 28.4 27.7 
Hong Kong, China 21.1 18.9 17.9 17.5 18.0 17.4 17.0 16.3 
Korea, Rep. of 3.4 4.0 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.6 
Singapore 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.2 
Chinese Taipei 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.2 
Malaysia 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 
Thailand 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 
Other Asia 5.9 6.0 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.8 6.8 
Australia 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 
India 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 
Indonesia 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 
Memorandum:         
APEC 73.5 73.5 73.4 72.8 73.3 70.9 70.2 68.6 
ASEAN 6.1 6.3 7.0 6.9 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 
EC(15) 15.3 15.5 15.3 15.4 14.8 16.5 16.8 17.7 
a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) includes Armenia, Az erbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, K azakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, 
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turk menistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3);  and General Administration of Customs (2005), China's Customs 
Statistics:   Monthly Exports & Imports, 12, Series No. 196. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 260 
 
 
Table AI.4 
Merchandise imports by origin, 1998-05 
(US$ million and per cent)  
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Total imports (US$ million) 140,23 6.8 165,699.1 225,09 3.7 243,552.9 295,17 0.1 412,759.8 561, 228.7 660,118.5 
 (Per cent) 
America 15.8 15.0 14.0 15.2 13.3 12.9 13.1 12.6 
United States 12.0 11.8 9.9 10.8 9.2 8.2 8.0 7.4 
Other America 3.7 3.2 4.1 4.4 4.0 4.7 5.2 5.2 
Brazil 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.5 
Canada 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 
Europe 15.7 16.5 14.9 16.0 14.6 14.3 13.6 12.1 
EC(25) 14.9 15.6 13.9 14.9 13.3 13.2 12.5 11.1 
Germany 5.0 5.0 4.6 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.4 4.7 
France 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 
Italy 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 
United Kingdom 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 
EFTA 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 
Other Europe 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 
CISa 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.6 3.2 2.9 3.1 
Russian Federation 2.6 2.5 2.6 3.3 2.8 2.4 2.2 2.4 
Africa 1.1 1.4 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.8 3.2 
Angola 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 
Middle East 2.3 2.2 4.4 3.8 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.7 
Saudi Arabia 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.9 
Asia 59.9 59.2 57.7 55.5 58.4 58.0 56.8 55.9 
Japan 20.2 20.4 18.4 17.6 18.1 18.0 16.8 15.2 
Six East Asian Traders 34.0 32.6 32.5 31.3 33.6 33.2 32.5 32.5 
Korea, Rep. of 10.7 10.4 10.3 9.6 9.7 10.4 11.1 11.6 
Chinese Taipei 11.9 11.8 11.3 11.2 12.9 12.0 11.5 11.3 
Malaysia 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.0 
Singapore 3.0 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 
Thailand 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 
Hong Kong, China 4.7 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.6 2.7 2.1 1.9 
Other Asia 5.8 6.2 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.9 7.5 8.2 
Australia 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.5 
Philippines 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.9 
India 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.5 
Indonesia 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 
Other 2.2 2.5 3.2 3.6 5.1 6.1 6.9 8.4 
Free zones 2.2 2.5 3.2 3.6 5.1 6.1 6.9 8.4 
Memorandum:         
APEC 75.5 74.5 71.9 71.0 71.6 69.3 67.8 74.8 
ASEAN 9.0 9.0 9.9 9.5 10.6 11.5 11.2 11.4 
EC(15) 14.8 15.4 13.7 14.7 13.1 12.8 12.2 10.9 
a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) includes Armenia, Az erbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, K azakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, 
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turk menistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 
Source:  UNSD, Comtrade database (S ITC Rev.3);  and General Admi nistration of Customs (2005), China's Customs 
Statistics:   Monthly Exports & Imports, 12, Series No. 196. China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 261 
 
 
Table AI.5 
Trade surplus or deficit by country and region, 1998-05 
(US$ million)  
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 
World 43,572.3 29,231.8 24,108.8 22,545.3 30,425.9 25,468.0 32,096.8 101,880.7 
America 23,285.1 24,850.0 30,926.7 28,929.4 44,541.4 56,812.1 77,669.5 115,318.0 
United States 21,100.1 22,517.3 29,781.9 28,137.7 42,789.0 58,682.1 80,401.1 114,173.3 
Other America 2,185.0 2,332.8 1,144.9 791.7 1,752.4 -1,870.1 -2,731.6 1,144.7 
Canada -110.3 98.9 -593.2 -682.2 676.6 1,257.7 808.2 4,142.5 
Europe 9,744.3 6,609.0 10,019.8 7,607.3 12,401.8 24,177.4 38,481.4 74,163.3 
EC(25) 8,943.3 6,273.2 9,587.4 7,937.9 13,132.9 23,943.0 37,153.5 70,116.2 
EFTA -137.6 -478.8 -835.0 -1,223.5 -1,795.2 -1,793.8 -2,474.8 -1,728.5 
Other Europe 938.7 814.7 1,267.4 892.8 1,064.1 2,028.2 3,802.7 5,775.7 
CISa -1,938.4 -3,049.2 -4,184.2 -6,165.2 -5,523.0 -3,846.0 -2,407.2 676.0 
Russian Federation -1,801.1 -2,725.3 -3,536.5 -5,248.3 -4,885.9 -3,698.1 -3,029.3 -2,678.7 
Africa 2,554.0 1,709.2 -546.5 1,169.7 1,492.5 1,767.4 -1,913.4 -2,379.9 
Middle East 867.4 981.2 -3,820.4 -2,070.8 39.0 -1,158.2 -4,686.6 -8,850.7 
Asia 12,080.9 2,271.7 -1,109.8 1,840.6 -7,552.0 -27,178.4 -36,354.9 -21,863.3 
Japan 1,385.0 -1,352.8 144.6 2,153.2 -5,032.2 -14,739.4 -20,817.7 -16,459.5 
Six East Asian Traders 8,034.1 2,139.5 -1,631.6 -774.3 -3,798.5 -12,699.2 -13,699.6 -3,138.1 
Chinese Taipei -12,762.0 -15,576.9 -20,454.6 -22,337.7 -31,475.3 -40,356.1 -51,214.5 -58,134.8 
Hong Kong, China 32,083.8 29,970.9 35,089.3 37,118.7 47,736.9 65,155.7 89,071.8 112,254.0 
Korea, Rep. of -8,762.8 -9,418.6 -11,915.0 -10,858.2 -13,033.4 -23,033.3 -34,422.5 -41,712.7 
Malaysia -1,077.5 -1,931.8 -2,915.1 -2,982.9 -4,322.1 -7,845.5 -10,088.7 -9,489.3 
Singapore -291.5 441.1 701.4 662.4 -62.3 -1,621.1 -1,306.9 116.2 
Thailand -1,155.9 -1,345.2 -2,137.5 -2,376.7 -2,642.3 -4,998.9 -5,738.9 -6,171.4 
Other Asia 2,661.8 1,485.0 377.2 461.7 1,278.7 260.3 -1,837.5 -2,265.7 
Australia -317.6 -902.8 -1,595.1 -1,856.5 -1,265.5 -1,036.5 -2,714.2 -3,299.0 
India 111.0 336.2 207.3 196.7 397.3 -908.2 -1,742.0 -833.7 
Indonesia -1,290.7 -1,271.8 -1,340.1 -1,052.2 -1,081.9 -1,265.1 -959.2 -86.2 
Memorandum:         
APEC 29,227.0 19,792.5 21,054.7 20,820.9 27,393.4 24,562.9 35,996.3 29,015.0 
ASEAN -1,470.0 -2,652.3 -4,840.3 -4,838.6 -7,612.3 -16,400.8 -20,068.0 -19,627.8 
EC(15) 7,423.6 4,794.0 7,383.4 5,231.3 9,724.2 19,114.3 31,712.7 63,096.6 
a Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) includes Armenia, Az erbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, K azakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, 
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turk menistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 
Source:  UNSD, Comtrade database (S ITC Rev.3);  and General Admi nistration of Customs (2005), China's Customs 
Statistics:   Monthly Exports & Imports, 12, Series No. 196. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 262 
 
 
Table AI.6 
China's intra-industry trade with Chinese Ta ipei by WTO Tariff Study Categories, 1998-04 
(Per cent)  
TS 
Code Description 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 
  Total 23.58 22.03 20.74 20.48 20.97 22.62 24.02 
01 Raw hides and skins, leather and fu rskins 5.91 7.27 6.67 11.06 13.11 20.66 14.49 
02 Rubber 12.19 13.00 11.27 8.78 13.34 14.29 17.64 
03 Wood and cork 38.42 37.62 38.91 33.29 32.47 32.55 23.97 
04 Pulp, paper and paperboard 14.97 15.97 28.94 22.46 23.57 27.23 26.74 
05 Textiles and clothing 6.42 6.55 6.62 6.51 7.32 7.51 7.73 
06 Mineral products and fertilizer s 38.24 34.50 34.24 28. 65 24.75 23.31 27.48 
07 Precious stones and precious meta ls 41.25 32.48 41.44 35.85 40.66 75.07 81.20 
08 Ores and metals 14.92 14.35 14.42 12.75 13.09 14.16 21.50 
09 Coal, petroleum, natural gas 2.84 2.28 3.43 1.99 1.70 1.86 1.73 
10 Chemicals 15.39 14.50 14.50 12.86 12.99 14.02 15.05 
11 Non-electrical machinery 33.34 29.54 26.68 32.02 36.12 42.97 46.67 
12 Electrical machines and apparatus 43.50 35.14 28.28 25.58 24.03 24.13 25.07 
13 Transport equipment 32.07 34.38 30.43 39.04 47.37 32.39 42.78 
14 Professional, scientific and controlling instruments 40. 22 35.46 27.69 20.47 11.53 16.72 18.84 
15 Footwear and travel goods 48.44 42.90 37.95 33.63 23.08 14.41 13.11 
16 Photographic and cinematographic s upplies 6.99 31.82 70.97 70.95 71.11 81.78 60.55 
17 Furniture 42.58 38.82 39.32 49.00 54.37 68.19 64.84 
18 Musical instruments, sound recording/reproduction 
apparatus 26.56 46.83 61.26 74.30 43.44 43.05 31.24 
19 Toys 54.38 57.34 73.38 79.17 69.42 60.45 62.51 
20 Works of art and collectors pi eces 34.82 40.13 67.18 78.19 64.91 88.58 60.04 
21 Firearms, ammunition, tanks and armoured fi ghting vehicles 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.09 24.10 14.78 75.43 
22 Office and stationery supplie s 60.29 63.22 70.29 90.69 90.53 75.90 72.01 
23 Manufactured articles n.e.s. 53.75 57.21 51.85 49.61 42.46 36.61 24.63 
24 Foodstuffs 8.82 11.73 15.67 17.89 19.76 27.19 28.12 
25 Grains 0.00 0.00 5.66 0.00 0.39 0.01 0.00 
26 Animals and production thereof 17.81 41.31 4.86 10.79 1.99 36.82 3.58 
27 Oil seeds, fats and oils and thei r products 11.03 1.46 6.64 5.83 17.61 37.38 41.10 
28 Cut flowers, plants, vegetable ma terials 12.21 15.15 10.61 12.13 14.52 14.50 18.97 
29 Beverages and spirits 17.78 25.49 47.02 40.58 5.23 9.61 10.83 
30 Dairy products 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 63.69 1.35 0.14 
31 Fish, shellfish and products 14.51 38.94 62.98 55.99 29.15 69.95 30.65 
32 Tobacco 0.00 95.45 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
33 Other agricultural products of animal origin 33.20 59.91 34.07 56.81 44.65 42.60 44.52 
34 Other agricultural products of vegetable origin 44.68 47.15 46.84 33.75 21.19 33.47 37.02 
Note: Calculation by the WTO Secretariat using the formula develope d by Grubel and Lloyd (at 4-digit SITC level).  Formula:   I ITij = 
sum[(X + M) - |X - m|] / sum(X + M).  Where X and M are exports and imports, respectively.  
Source:  UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.1). China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 263 
 
 
Table AI.7 
China's intra-industry trade with the worl d by WTO Tariff Study Categories, 1998-04 
(Per cent)  
TS 
Code Description 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 
  Total 38.42 39.80 41.52 40.99 40.89 40.01 40.39 
01 Raw hides and skins, leather and fu rskins 18.95 19.16 20.00 27.08 26.97 25.66 26.86 
02 Rubber 27.02 28.00 27.39 27.55 29.31 25.57 26.12 
03 Wood and cork 24.21 22.19 21.90 24.19 22.60 25.20 25.24 
04 Pulp, paper and paperboard 25.28 21.73 27.20 26.94 26.79 28.56 25.35 
05 Textiles and clothing 31.59 31.71 32.28 33.56 32.76 29.83 27.66 
06 Mineral products and fertilizer s 24.34 26.27 28.99 30. 00 30.94 33.31 35.66 
07 Precious stones and precious meta ls 63.37 73.64 76.42 76.68 68.07 62.48 57.74 
08 Ores and metals 35.96 31.67 33.63 30.33 30.60 30.49 37.42 
09 Coal, petroleum, natural gas 43.80 25.35 24.18 20.37 32.55 30.67 21.49 
10 Chemicals 40.52 38.86 37.44 38.26 37.35 37.98 38.40 
11 Non-electrical machinery 47.95 55.54 60.60 60.10 58.37 54.05 52.46 
12 Electrical machines and apparatus 63.38 63.04 63.03 59.48 54.19 53.13 52.70 
13 Transport equipment 26.12 32.07 31.34 26.65 29.93 24.54 34.46 
14 Professional, scien tific and controlling 
instruments 59.96 62.05 65.36 56.10 52.51 50.75 52.89 
15 Footwear and travel goods 5.18 5.34 5.02 5.11 4.37 4.73 5.33 
16 Photographic and cinematographic s upplies 77.07 78.10 90.35 87.27 83.25 75.03 64.42 
17 Furniture 7.40 7.12 8.23 10.14 9.50 12.00 11.04 
18 Musical instruments, sound 
recording/reproduction apparatus 66.61 61.65 58.76 50.35 47.30 45.17 40.03 
19 Toys 6.31 5.82 4.52 5.52 5.65 6.21 6.04 
20 Works of art and collectors pi eces 10.42 8.97 12.52 15.71 12.81 14.55 17.68 
21 Firearms, ammunition, tanks and armoured 
fighting vehicles 5.84 15.92 52.18 27.35 37.11 26.91 23.18 
22 Office and stationery supplie s 16.04 16.57 18.53 16.08 12.82 12.86 13.63 
23 Manufactured articles n.e.s. 17.56 22.97 32.12 31.69 34.13 40.16 40.59 
24 Foodstuffs 16.83 20.45 23.13 27.84 27.39 30.43 32.59 
25 Grains 14.20 10.79 10.24 18.37 14.28 11.52 20.21 
26 Animals and production thereof 18.07 48.22 51.00 44.60 47.63 40.32 25.43 
27 Oil seeds, fats and oils and thei r products 18.40 17.41 15.49 11.64 9.96 5.43 6.61 
28 Cut flowers, plants, vegetable ma terials 36.81 41.53 44.70 44.86 45.77 46.27 48.34 
29 Beverages and spirits 18.30 21.47 26.03 28.67 38.19 42.89 33.31 
30 Dairy products 38.40 34.61 30.32 21.17 23.88 15.52 16.17 
31 Fish, shellfish and products 40.22 45.89 49.78 49.63 51.62 52.44 52.20 
32 Tobacco 30.86 41.21 75. 58 68.40 68.83 68.71 72.35 
33 Other agricultural products of animal origin 27.07 30.74 35.25 40.72 44.95 44.68 41.20 
34 Other agricultural products of vegetable origin 30.70 36.31 31.93 32.82 25.39 31.79 26.89 
Note: Calculation by the WTO Secretariat using the formula develope d by Grubel and Lloyd (at 4-digit SITC level).  Formula:   I ITij = 
sum[(X + M) - |X - m|] / sum(X + M).  Where X and M are exports and imports, respectively.  
Source:  UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.1). WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 264 
 
 
Table AII.1 
China's administrative jurisdiction 
Level Notes 
Central  
Provinces (23)  
Municipalities directly under the Central 
Government (4) Beijing;  Tianjin;  Shanghai;  Chongqing 
Autonomous regions (5) Inner Mongolia;  Ningxia Hui;  Guangxi Zhuang;  Xinjiang Uygur;  Tibet 
Special administrative regions (2) Hong Kong, China;  Macao, China 
Prefecture-level cities (333) 283 cities, including 15 s ub-provincial level citiesa 
 17 prefectures 
 30 autonomous prefectures  
 3 leagues in Inner Mongolia  
Counties (2,862) 851 districts 
 374 county-level cities 
 1,465 counties 
 117 autonomous counties 
 49 banners 
 3 autonomous banners in Inner Mongolia 
 2 special regions in Guizhou Province 
 1 forestry area in Hubei Province 
Townships (44,067) 20,226 towns 
 16,636 townships 
 1,147 ethnic townships 
 279 sumu 
 2 ethnic sumu 
 5,751 sub-districts 
 26 district public offices 
a A sub-provincial city is a prefecture-level city whose mayor has the same status as a vice-governor of a province.  Its statu s is 
lower than that of the four municipalities,  which do not belong to any province, but  higher than other, regular prefecture-leve l 
cities, which are entirely administered by the provinces they belong to.  The 15 sub- provincial cities are:  Changchun, Chengdu , 
Dalian, Hangzhou, Harbin, Jinan, Nanjing,  Ningbo, Qingdao, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, and Guangzhou. 
Note: Province, prefecture, and county leve l data are as at 15 December 2004;  town ships data are as at 31 December 2003. 
Source:  Online information.  Available at:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_divisions_of_China. China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 265 
 
 
Table AII.2 
China's major trade-related laws and regulations, as at 11 October 2005 
Legislation (comment) Adoption of 
latest 
amendment Entry into 
effect Date of first 
adoption 
Foreign trade, exchange restrictions and foreign investment    
Foreign Trade Law (G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4) 6 Apr 2004 1 July 2004 12 May 1994 
Regulations on Origin of Import a nd Export Goods 18 Aug 2004 1 Jan 2005  
Regulation on the Administration of  the Import and Export of Goods 
(G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4) 31 Oct 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Rules for the Registration of Foreign Trade Operators 19 June 2004 1 July 2004  
Rules on Investigations of Foreign Trade Barriers 
(Replaced 2002 Provisional Rules on Inves tigations of Foreign Trade Barriers) 21 Jan 2005 1 Mar 2005  
Regulations on the Export Control of Arms Products 15 Oct 2002a 15 Nov 2002  
Regulations on  the Export Control  of Nuclear Products  1 Aug 1997 10 Sept 1997  
Regulations on the Export Control of Dual-purpose Biological Products and 
Relevant Equipment and Technology 14 Oct 2002a 1 Dec 2002  
Regulations on the Export Control of Du al-purpose Nuclear Products and Related 
Technologies 10 June 1998 10 June 1998  
Regulations on the Export Control of Miss iles and Related Items and Technologies  22 Aug 2002a 22 Aug 2002  
Regulations on the Export Control of Cert ain Chemicals and Re lated Equipment and 
Technologies 19 Oct 2002a 19 Oct 2002  
Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control 14 Jan 1997a 14 Jan 1997 5 Dec 1980 
Decision of the Standing Committee of  the NPC on Punishing Crimes of 
Fraudulently Purchasing, Evading and I llegally Trading in Foreign Exchange 29 Dec 1998 29 Dec 1998  
Law on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint-Ventures 15 Mar 2001 15 Mar 2001 1 July 1979 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint-
Ventures 22 July 2001a 22 July 2001  
Law on Chinese-Foreign Contractual Joint-Ventures 31 Oct 2000 31 Oct 2000 13 Apr 1988 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Chinese-Foreign Contractual 
Joint-Ventures 4 Sept 1995a 4 Sept 1995  
Law on Foreign-Capital Enterprise 31 Oct 2000 31 Oct 2000 12 Apr 1986 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Law on Foreign-Capital Enterprises 12 Apr 2001a 12 Apr 2001  
Law on the Protection of Investment of Taiwan Compatriots 5 Mar 1994 5 Mar 1994  
Provisions on Guiding Foreign Invest ment Direction 11 Feb 2002 1 Apr 2002  
Customs- and tariff-related regulations    
Customs Law 8 July 2000 1 Jan 2001 22 Jan 1987 
Regulations on Import and Export Tariff (G/VAL/N/1/CHN/4) 29 Oct 2003 1 Jan 2004  
Anti-dumping Regulations (G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 26 Nov 2001 
Regulations on Countervailing Meas ures (G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 31 Oct 2001 
Safeguard Regulations (G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3) 31 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004 26 Nov 2001 
Regulations on Customs Protection of Intellectual Property (IP/N/1/CHN/2/Add.1) 26 Nov 2003 1 Mar 2004  
Standards and technical regulations     
Law on Import and Export Commodity Inspection 28 Apr 2002 1 Oct 2002 21 Feb 1989 
Regulations for Implementation of Import and Export Commodity Inspection 10 Aug 2005 1 Dec 2005  
Standardization Law 29 Dec 1988 1 Apr 1989  
Regulations for the Implementation of th e Standardization Law 6 Apr 1990 6 Apr 1990  
Law on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine 30 Oct 1991 1 Apr 1992  
Regulations for Implementation of the La w on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant 
Quarantine 2 Dec 1996 1 Jan 1997  
Food Hygiene Law 30 Oct 1995 30 Oct 1995  
Law on Product Quality 8 July 2000 1 Sept 2000 22 Feb 1993 
Regulations for Compulsory Product Certification 3 Dec 2001 1 May 2002  
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 266 
 
 
Legislation (comment) Adoption of 
latest 
amendment Entry into 
effect Date of first 
adoption 
Regulations on Inspection and Quarantine of Entr y and Exit Aquatic Products 18 Oct 2002 10 Dec 2002  
Frontier Health and Quarantine Law 2 Dec 1986 1 May 1987  
Regulations on Authentication a nd Approval 20 Aug  2003 1 Nov 2003  
Regulations for Safety Control of Danger ous Chemical Products 9 Jan 2002 15 Mar 2002  
Regulations on Imposing Administrative Pe nalties related to Certification and 
Accreditation 9 Dec 2003 9 Dec 2003  
Intellectual property rights     
Copyright Law (IP/N/1/CHN/C/1) 27 Oct 2001 27 Oct 2001 7 Sept 1990 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law (IP/N/1/CHN/C/3) 2 Aug 2002a 15 Sept 2002  
Trademark Law (IP/N/1/CHN/T/1) 27 Oct 2001 1 Dec 2001 23 Aug 1982 
Regulations for the Implementation of the Trademark Law (IP/N/1/CHN/T/2) 2 Aug 2002a 15 Sept 2002  
Patent Law (IP/N/1/CHN/I/1) 25 Aug 2000 1 July 2001 12 Mar 1984 
Regulations for Implementation of the Patent Law (IP/N/1/CHN/I/3) 28 Dec 2002a 1 Feb 2003  
Regulations on Computer Software Protection (IP/N/1/CHN/C/2/Rev.1) 20 Dec 2001a 1 Jan 2002  
Regulations on the Protection of Layout -Design of Integrated Circuits 
(IP/N/1/CHN/L/1/Rev.1) 28 Mar 2001 1 Oct 2001  
Regulations on Protection of New Varieties of  Plants (IP/N/1/CHN/P/1) 20 Mar 1997 1 Oct 1997  
Regulations on the Administration of Tec hnology Import and Export 31 Oct 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Tax regime    
Law on the Administration of Tax Collection 28 Apr 2001 1 May 2001 4 Sept 1992 
Decision of the Standing Committee of th e NPC Regarding the Application of 
Provisional Regulations on such Taxes as Value-added Tax, Consumption Tax and 
Business Tax to Enterprises with Forei gn Investment and Foreign Enterprises 29 Dec 1993 29 Dec 1993  
Interim Regulations on Value-a dded Tax 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Interim Regulations on Consump tion Tax 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Interim Regulations on Busine ss Tax 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Interim Regulations on Land Appreci ation Tax 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Interim Regulations on Resour ces Tax 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Interim Regulations on Income Tax fo r Enterprises 26 Nov 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Income Tax Law for Enterprises with Foreign Invest ment and Foreign Enterprises 9 Apr 1991 1 July 1991  
Rules for the Implementation of the Income  Tax Law for Enterprises with Foreign 
Investment and Foreign Enterprises 30 June 1991 1 July 1991  
Income Tax Law for Individuals 27 Oct 2005 27 Oct 2005 10 Sept 1980 
Sectoral laws    
Agriculture    
Agricultural Law 28 Dec 2002 1 Mar 2003 2 July 1993 
Law on Land Contract in Rural Areas 29 Aug 2002 1 Mar 2003  
Land Administration Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 25 June 1986 
Law on the Popularization of Agricultural Technology 2 July 1993 2 July 1993  
Grassland Law 28 Dec 2002 1 Mar 2003 18 June 1985 
Seed Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 8 July 2000 
Fisheries Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 20 Jan 1986 
Forestry Law 29 Apr 1998 1 July 1998 20 Sept 1984 
Law on Prompting Agricultural Mechanization 25 June 2004 1 Nov 2004  
Regulations on Management to Grai n circulation 19 May 2004 26 May 2004  
Regulations on the Management to Centra l Grain Reserves 6 Aug 2003 15 Aug 2003  
Manufacturing    
Law on Tobacco Monopoly 29 June 1991 1 Jan 1992  
Pharmaceutical Administration Law 28 Feb 2001 1 Dec 2001 20 Sept 1984 
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 267 
 
 
Legislation (comment) Adoption of 
latest 
amendment Entry into 
effect Date of first 
adoption 
Steel Industry Development Policy 20 July 2005 20 July 2005  
Industrial Policy for the Automobile Industry  21 May 2004 1 June 2004 19 Feb 1994 
Automobile Trade Policy 10 Aug 2005 10 Aug 2005  
Administrative Regulations on Recalls of Def ective Automobile Products 15 Mar 2004 1 Oct 2004  
Energy, utilities and natural resources    
Mineral Resources Law 29 Aug 1996 29 Aug 1996 19 Mar 1986 
Water Law 29 Aug 2002 1 Oct 2002 21 Jan 1988 
Regulations on Exploitation of Offshore Petroleum Resources in Cooperation with 
Foreign Enterprises 23 Sept 2001 23 Sept 2001 30 Jan 1982 
Regulations on Exploitation of On-shore Petroleum Resources in Cooperation with 
Foreign Enterprises 23 Sept 2001 23 Sept 2001 7 Oct 1993 
Provisional Measures for Administration of the Market of Processed Oil  1 Jan 2005 1 Jan 2005  
Law on the Administration of the Use of Sea Areas 27 Oct 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Law on Water and Soil Conservation 29 June 1991 29 June 1991  
Law on Conserving Energy 1 Nov 1997 1 Jan 1998  
Mineral Resources Law 29 Aug 1996 1 Jan 1997 19 Mar 1986 
Law on Coal Industry 29 Aug 1996 1 Dec 1996  
Electric Power Law 28 Dec 1995 1 Apr 1996  
Regulations for Administration of El ectricity Industry 2 Feb 2005 1 May 2005  
Financial services    
Law on the People's Bank of China 27 Dec 2003 1 Feb 2004 18 Mar 1995 
Law on Commercial Banks 27 Dec 2003 1 Feb 2004 10 May 1995 
Law on Regulation of and Supervision over the Banking Industry 27 Dec 2003 1 Feb 2004  
Law on Funds for Investment in Securities 28 Oct 2003 1 June 2004  
Regulations on Closure of Financia l Institutions 23 Nov 2001 15 Dec 2001  
Regulations on Administration of Foreign-fund ed Financial Institutions 12 Dec 2001 1 Feb 2002  
Insurance Law 28 Oct 2002 1 Jan 2003 30 June 1995 
Regulations on Administration of Foreign-fund ed Insurance Companies 5 Dec 2001 1 Feb 2002  
Trust Law 28 Apr 2001 1 Oct 2001  
Securities Law 27 Oct 2005 1 Jan 2006 29 Dec 1998 
Rules on the Establishment of Forei gn-shared Fund Management Companies 1 June 2002a 1 July 2002  
Rules for the Establishment of Fo reign-shared Securities Companies 1 June 2002a 1 July 2002  
Provisions of the State Council on Foreign Ca pital Stocks Listed in China by Joint 
Stock Limited Companies 2 Nov 1995 25 Dec 1995  
Auction Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 5 July 1996 
Guaranty Law 30 June 1995 1 Oct 1995  
Decision of the Standing Committee of th e NPC on Punishment of Crimes of 
Disrupting Financial Order (Refer also  to the 1997 Criminal Law Appendix II) 30 June 1995 30 June 1995  
Other services    
Accounting Law 31 Oct 1999 1 July 2000 21 Jan 1985 
Law on Certified Public Acc ountants 31 Oct 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Regulations on Telecommunications (Telecommun ications Decree) 20 Sept 2000 25 Sept 2000  
Provisions on the Administration of Telecommunications Enterprises with Foreign 
Investment 5 Dec 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Highway Law 28 Aug 2004 28 Aug 2004 30 July 1997 
Regulations on Road Transportation 14 Apr 2004 1 July 2004  
Provisions on the Administration of Road Transport Services with Foreign 
Investment 20 Nov 2001a 20 Nov 2001  
Railway Law 7 Sept 1990 1 May 1991  
Maritime Code 7 Nov 1992 1 July 1993  
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 268 
 
 
Legislation (comment) Adoption of 
latest 
amendment Entry into 
effect Date of first 
adoption 
Regulations on International Maritime  Transportation 5 Dec 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Implementing Rules of Regulations  on International Maritime Transportation   25 Dec 2002 1 Mar 2003  
Special Maritime Procedure Law 25 Dec 1999 1 July 2000  
Provisions on Administration of Foreign I nvestment in International Maritime 
Transportation 2 Mar 2004a 1 June 2004  
Regulations on Administration of Pilotage   12 Oct 2001 1 Jan 2002  
Port Law 28 June 2003 1 Jan 2004  
Regulations on Administration of Port  Operation 26 Dec 2003 1 June 2004  
Regulations on Port Facility Se curity 14 Nov 200 3 14 Nov 2003  
Civil Aviation Law 30 Oct 1995 1 Mar 1996  
Regulations of Restriction for Univ ersal Aviation 10 Jan 2003 1 May 2003  
Postal Law 2 Dec 1986 1 Jan 1987  
Law on Licensed Doctors 26 June 1998 1 May 1999  
Higher Education Law 29 Aug 1998 1 Jan 1999  
Education Law 18 Mar 1995 1 Sept 1995  
Compulsory Education Law 12 Apr 1986 1 July 1986  
Vocational Education Law 15 May 1996 1 Sept 1996  
Law on Promotion of Privately-run Schools 28 Dec 2002 1 Sept 2003  
Regulations on Sino-Foreign Cooperativ e Education 19 Feb 2003 1 Sept 2003  
Construction Law 1 Nov 1997 1 Mar 1998  
Regulations on Foreign-invested Construction Design Enterprises 27 Sept 2002a 1 Dec 2002  
Regulations on Construction Enterp rises with Foreign Investment 27 Sept 2002a 1 Dec 2002  
Regulations on Property Management 28 May 2003 1 Sept 2003  
Advertisement Law 27 Oct 1994 1 Feb 1995  
Rules on Administration of Foreign- invested Advertising Enterprises 2 Mar 2004a 2 Mar 2004  
Regulations on Administration of Travel Agencies 11 Dec 2001a 1 Jan 2002  
Regulations on Administration of Tourist Guides 14 May 1999a 1 Oct 1999  
Provisional Rules on the Establishment of Tr avel Agencies with  Majority Foreign 
Equity and Solely Foreign Investment 12 June 2003a 12 July 2003  
Law on Entry and Exit of Aliens 22 Nov 1985 1 Feb 1986  
Others    
Constitution 14 Mar 2004 14 Mar 2004 4 Dec 1982 
Organic Law of the State Council 10 Dec 1982 10 Dec 1982  
Organic Law of the Local People's Congr ess and Local People's Government at 
Different Levels 27 Oct 2004 27 Oct 2004  
Criminal Procedure Law 17 Mar 1996 1 Jan 1997 1 July 1979 
Civil Procedure Law 9 Apr 1991 9 Apr 1991  
Administrative Procedure Law 4 Apr 1989 1 Oct 1990  
Law on the Procedure of the Conclusion of Treaties 28 Dec 1990 28 Dec 1990  
Legislation Law 15 Mar 2000 1 July 2000  
Regulations on Procedures for the Form ulation of Administrative Regulations 16 Nov 2001a 1 Jan 2002  
Regulations on Procedures for the Formulation of Rules 16 Nov 2001a 1 Jan 2002  
Regulations on Submission of Regula tions and Rules for the Record 14 Dec 2001a 1 Jan 2002  
Decision of the Third Session of th e Sixth National People's Congress on 
Authorizing the State Council to Formul ate Interim Provisions or Regulations 
Concerning the Reform of the Economic Structure and the Open Policy 10 Apr 1985 10 Apr 1985  
Law Countering Unfair Comp etition 2 Sept 1993 1 Dec 1993  
Table AII.2 (cont'd)  China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 269 
 
 
Legislation (comment) Adoption of 
latest 
amendment Entry into 
effect Date of first 
adoption 
Provisions of the State Council on Prohibiti ng of Imposition of Regional Blockage 
on Market Economic Activities  21 Apr 2001 21 Apr 2001  
Notice on Cleaning up Local Protectionism in Market Economy Activities (issuing 
authorities:  MOFCOM, Ministry of Supe rvision, LAOSC, MOF, Ministry of 
Communications, SAT, AQSIQ) 18 June 2004 18 June 2004  
Administrative Permission Law 27 Aug 2003 1 July 2004  
Judges Law 30 June 2001 30 June 2001 28 Feb 1995 
Labour Law 5 July 1994 1 Jan 1995  
Law on Administrative Reconsideration  29 Apr 1999 1 Oct 1999  
Company Law 27 Oct 2005 1 Jan 2006 29 Dec 1993 
Pricing Law 29 Dec 1997 1 May 1998  
Regulation on Government Pr icing 26 Dec 2001 1 Feb 2002  
Interim Provisions on Preventing the Acts of Price Monopoly 18 June 2003 1 Nov 2003  
Administrative Regulations (Rules) Gove rning the Registration of Companiesb 24 June 1994 1 July 1994  
Law on the Protection of Consumer Ri ghts and Interests 31 Oct 1993 1 Jan 1994  
Law on Enterprise Bankruptcy (Trial Implementation) 2 Dec 1986 1 Nov 1988  
Law on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People 13 Apr 1988 1 Aug 1988  
Law on Individual Proprietorship En terprises 30 Aug 1999 1 Jan 2000  
Administrative Rules Governing the Regi stration of Individual Proprietorship 
Enterprises  13 Jan 2000a 13 Jan 2000  
Law on Partnership Enterprises 23 Feb 1997 1 Aug 1997  
Administrative Regulations Governing the Registration of Partnership Enterprises 19 Nov 1997a 19 Nov 1997  
Law on Promotion of Small and Medium-Si zed Enterprises 29 June 2002 1 Jan 2003  
Law on Township Enterprises 29 Oct 1996 1 Jan 1997  
Provisions on the Merger and Division of Enterprises with Foreign Investment 22 Nov 2001a 22 Nov 2001 23 Sept 1999 
Law on Bid Invitation and Bi dding 30 Aug 1999 1 Jan 2000  
Rules for the Administration of  Employment of Foreigners in China 22 Jan 1996 1 May 1996  
Administrative Regulations Governing Th e Registration of Legal Corporations 3 June 1988a 1 July 1988  
Code of Corporate Governance for Listed Companies 9 Jan 2002 9 Jan 2002  
Several Opinions on Promoting the Refo rm, Opening and Steady Development of 
the Capital Market – State Council 31 Jan 2004 1 Feb 2004  
Contract Law 15 Mar 1999 1 Oct 1999  
Interim Regulations on Supervision and Management of Corporate State-owned 
Assets 13 May 2003 27 May 2003  
Provisional Measures on Transfer of State-Owned Property Rights in Enterprises 8 Jan 2004 1 Feb 2004  
Government Procurement Law of  China 29 June 2002 1 Jan 2003  
Environmental Protection Law 26 Dec 1989 26 Dec 1989  
Law on Evaluation of Environmental Effects 28 Oct 2002 1 Sept 2003  
Marine Environment Protection Law 25 Dec 1999 1 Apr 2000 23 Aug 1982 
Regulations on Administration of Collecti on and Utilization of Sewage Discharge 
Levies  2 Jan 2003a 1 July 2003  
Law on Lawyers 29 Dec 2001 1 Jan 2002 15 May 1996 
Trade Union Law 27 Oct 2001 27 Oct 2001  
a Date of promulgation. 
b MOFCOM online information.  Available at:  http://englis h.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/topi c/lawsdata/chineselaw/200306/ 
20030600095908.html. 
Source: Ministry of Commerce, China. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 270 
 
 
Table AII.3 
Principal notifications under WTO Agreements, as at 24 October 2005  
Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Agreement on Agriculture  
Articles 10 and 18.2 Table ES.1 – Expor t subsidies G/AG/N/CHN/6, 05/04/2005 
Article 18.2 Table MA.2 – Tariffs and other quotas G/AG/N/CHN/7, 06/04/2005 
Article 18.2 Table MA.1  – Administration of tariff quotas G/AG/N/CHN/2, 25/09/2003 
Article 18.2 Table DS.1 and a ppropriate supporting tables – 
Domestic support Notifications outstanding 
Enabling clause – integration  
Enabling clause Framework agreement on comprehensive economic 
cooperation between ASEAN and China  WT/COMTD/N/20/Add.1, 26/09/2005 
 China's accession to the Bangkok Agreement WT/COMTD/N/19, 29/07/2004 
Agreement on Implementation of GATT Article VI of the GATT 1994 (Anti-dumping)  
Article 5.8 Time-period for dete rmination of negligible import 
volumes G/ADP/N/100/CHN, 20/10/2004 
Article 16.4 Ad hoc reports of anti- dumping actions G/ADP/N/135, 31/08/2005 
 Semi-annual reports of anti-dumping actions (taken 
within the preceding six months) G/ADP/N/132/CHN, 22/09/2005 
Notification of the newly amended Fore ign Trade Law G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.4 
G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4 
G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4, 01/12/2004 
Names of laws and regulations relevant to the Agreement  G/ADP/N/1/CHN/1, 31/05/2002 
Regulations on anti-dumping G/ ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
Provisional rules on initiation of anti-dumping 
investigation G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.1, 18/02/2003 Article 18.5, and Article 32.6 
Agreement on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures 
Rules on anti-dumping investigations and 
determinations of industry injury;  rules on public 
hearings with regard to i nvestigations of injury to 
industry G/ADP/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.2, 14/04/2003 
Articles 16.5, and Article 25.12, 
Agreement on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures Notification of Members' competent authority G/ADP/N/14/Add.16 
G/SCM/N/18/Add.16, 30/07/2003 
Agreement on Implementation of Articl e VII of the GATT 1994 (Customs valuation)  
Article 22.2 Regulations on import and export duties G/VAL/N/1/CHN/4, 07/06/2004 
 Notification of the customs regulations regarding 
determination of customs value of royalties and 
licence fees related to imports G/VAL/N/1/CHN/3, 24/09/2003 
 Customs law  G/VAL/N/1/CHN/2, 16/06/2003 
 Customs administration rega rding determination of 
customs valuation of imports and exports G/VAL/N/1/CHN/1, 05/07/2002 
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994  
Article XVII:4(a) Notification of th e understanding on the interpretation 
of Article XVII, on State-trading G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1, 14/07/2003 
 Corrections G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1/Corr.1, 25/09/2003 
Article VII  Notifications on th e valuation of carrier media- 
bearing software for data processing equipment, and 
on the treatment of interest charges in customs value of imported goods G/VAL/N/3/CHN/1, 27/02/2004 
General Agreement on Trade in Services  
Article III:3 Significant changes No notifications in 2004 and 2005 
 Notifications in 2003 = 24 
Notifications in 2002 = 18 S/C/N/238-261 
S/C/N/208-225 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 271 
 
 
Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Article III:4 and IV:2 Contact and e nquiry points S/ENQ/78/Rev.7, 20/01/2005 
Article V:7 (a) of GATS and 
Article XXIV: 7(a) of the GATT 
1994  Closer economic partnership arrangement between 
China and Hong Kong, China S/C/N/264  
WT/REG162/N/1, 12/01/2004 
 Closer economic partnership arrangement between 
China and Macao, China S/C/N/265 
WT/REG163/N/1, 12/01/2004 
Article VII: 4 Existing Article VII:1 recognition measures  None 
Agreement on Preshipment Inspection  
Article 5  Notification of laws and regulations related to the 
Agreement None 
Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures  
Articles 1.4(a) and 8.2(b) Rules and measures on import licensing and import 
quotas  G/LIC/N/1/CHN/1, 20/09/2002 
G/LIC/N/1/CHN/1/Add.1, 23/09//2002 
G/MA/W/41, 23/09/2002 
Article 8.2(b) Notification of rules and measures on import quota for 
various products G/LIC/N/1/CHN/2, 25/09/2003 
 Products subject to import licence (2004) G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4, 17/01/2005 
 Notification of regula tions and rules on import 
licensing G/LIC/N/1/CHN/4, 17/01/2005 
Article 7.3 Replies to questionnaire on import licensing 
procedures G/LIC/N/3/CHN/4, 30/09/2005 
Quantitative Restrictions  
QR - (G/L/59) - biennial  Notifi cation of quantitative restrictions G/MA/NTM/QR/1/Add.9,  18/03/2003a 
Agreement on Rules of Origin  
Article 5 and Paragraph 4 of 
Annex II Preferential rules of origin G/RO/N/37/Rev.1, 02/08/2002 
Agreement on Safeguards  
Article 12.1(a) - (c), and Article 
9.1 footnote 2 Safeguard investigations, findings and d ecisions G/SG/N/10/CHN/1/Suppl.1, 04/02/2004 
Article 12.4  Consultations  G/SG/N/11/CHN/1 
G/SG/N/6/CHN/1 
G/SG/N/7/CHN/1, 23/05/2002 
Article 12.5 and Article 8.2 Notification of proposed suspension of concessions 
and other obligations referred to in Article 8.2 of the 
Agreement on Safeguards. G/C/17 
G/SG/46, 21/05/2002 
Article 12.6 Notification of laws, regulations and administrative 
procedures relating to safeguard measures  G/SG/N/1/CHN/1, 07/06/2002 
 Regulations on Safeguards G/ SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
 Rules on investigations and determinations of industry 
injury for safeguards;  rules on public hearings with 
regard to investigations of injury to industry G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.2, 15/04/2003 
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures  
Article 7 and Annex B Enquiry points  G/SPS/ENQ/18, 20/12/2004 
Article 7 and Annex B Notifications in 2005 = 14 
Notifications in 2004 = 37 
Notifications in 2003 = 28 
Notifications in 2002 = 155 G/SPS/N/CHN/81-94 
G/SPS/N/CHN/44-80 
G/SPS/N/CHN/16-43 
G/SPS/N/CHN/1-15, G/SPS/N/CHN/P/1-140 
Agreement on Subsidies a nd Countervailing Measures  
Article 25.1 Notification of s ubsidies Notification outstanding 
Article 25.11 Semi-annual report on countervailing duty actions G/SCM/N/130/Add.1, 19/10/2005 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 272 
 
 
Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Notification of the newly amended Foreign Trade Law G/SG/N/1/CHN/2/Suppl.4, 01/12/2004 
Regulations on countervailing measures  G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.3, 20/10/2004 
Rules on investigations and determinations of industry 
injury for countervailing measures;  rules on public 
hearings with regard to i nvestigations of injury to 
industry G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.2, 14/04/2003 Article 32.6 
Provisional rules on counterva iling investigations G/SCM/N/1/CHN/1/Suppl.1, 18/02/2003 
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)  
Annex 3C Acceptance of code of good practice G/TBT/CS/N/143, 21/05/2002 
G/TBT/CS/N/138, 12/12/2001 
G/TBT/CS/N/138/Corr.1, 30/01/2003 
Article 15.2 Laws and regulati ons on the implementation and 
administration of the TBT Agreement G/TBT/2/Add.65, 29/01/2002 
Article 2.10 Notification regarding environmental measures, 
technical barriers and technical regulations G/TBT/N/CHN/62, 19/11/2004 
Article 2.9 Notification of technical regulations: 
Notifications in 2005 = 96 
Notifications in 2004  = 23 
Notifications in 2003 = 28 Notifications in 2002 = 12  
G/TBT/N/CHN/64-159 
G/TBT/N/CHN/41-63 
G/TBT/N/CHN/13-40 G/TBT/N/CHN/1-12 
Article 5.6 Notification of pro ducts covered by conformity 
assessment procedure G/TBT/N/CHN/43, 10/03/2004 
Article 5.7 Notification of regu lations issued to protect the 
environment G/TBT/N/CHN/56-58, 14/07/2004 
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing   
Articles 2.8(c) and 2.11 Products to be in tegrated into GATT 1994 G/TMB/N/463, 04/02/2004 
Information in relation to the notification by the 
United States G/TMB/N/455, 17/10/2002 
Information contained in the European Communities' 
additional notification G/TMB/N/451/Add.1, 30/07/2002 Article 2.17 
China–EU and China–Canada  bilateral administrative 
arrangements concerning quantitative restrictions G/TMB/N/451, 18/06/2002 
Responses to notification made by Turkey on 
quantitative restrictions against China's export of 
textile and clothing G/TMB/N/447, 19/04/2002 
G/TMB/N/447/Add.1-4 
Responses to notification made by the United States on quantitative restrictions against China's export of 
textile and clothing G/TMB/N/445, 18/04/2002 
G/TMB/N/445/Add.1, 18/06/2002 
G/TMB/N/445/Add.2, 18/06/2002 
Statement with regard to th e Notification made by the 
European Community G/TMB/N/436, 22/03/2002 Article 2.2 
Statement with regard to the Notification made by 
Canada G/TMB/N/437, 22/03/2002 
First, second, and third stage integrati on programmes  G/TMB/N/441/Rev.1, 17/05/2002  
G/TMB/N/442/Rev.1, 17/05/2002 
G/TMB/N/443/Rev.1, 17/05/2002 Articles 2.6 and 2.7(b) 
China's integration programme G/ TMB/N/441/Rev.1/Add.1, 18/06/2002 
G/TMB/N/441/Rev.1/Add.2, 24/07/2002 
Articles 3.1 and 3.2(b)  Phasing out of restrictions on certain textile products G/TMB/ N/426/Add.1, 17/10/2002 
Articles 3.1  Quantitative export restrictions on silk yarn and 
woven fabrics of silk G/TMB/N/426, 15/02/2002 
Article 6.1 Retaining the right to  use the transitional safeguard 
mechanism  G/TMB/N/420, 24/01/2002 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 273 
 
 
Agreement Requirement/content Document symbol and date of latest 
notification 
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspect s of Intellectual Property Rights   
Article 63.2 Amending the Rules for the Implementation of the 
Patent Law  IP/N/1/CHN/I/3, 13/10/2003 
 Regulations for the Implementation of the Trademark 
Law IP/N/1/CHN/T/2, 13/10/2003 
IP/N/1/CHN/T/1, 08/07/2002 
 Laws and regulations IP/N/1/CHN/2, 10/10/2003 
IP/N/1/CHN/2/Add.1, 25/08/2004 
 Checklist of issues on enforcement IP/N/6/CHN/1, 19/07/2002 
 Regulations on computer software prot ection IP/N/1/CHN/C/2/Rev.1, 13/10/2003 
 Regulations on protection of new varie ties of plants IP/N/1/CHN/P/1, 08/07/2002 
Article 69 Contact points IP/N/3/Rev.6/Add.2, 14/10/2002 
Agreement on Trade-Rela ted Investment Measures   
Article 6.2 Publications G/TR IMS/N/2/Rev.9/Add.5, 13/06/2002 
Information on Implementation and Administration of the Agreement on Customs Valuation  
Decision on the checklist of 
issues Checklist of issues G/VAL/N/2/CHN/1, 05/07/2002 
a Notification for 2005 received but not yet issued. 
Source:  WTO documents. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 274 
 
 
Table AII.4 
Involvement in the WTO dispute settlem ent mechanism, as at 7 October 2005 
Dispute  Complainant  
(WTO document) Request for 
consultation Panel 
established Panel 
report 
circulated Appeal 
requested Appellate 
Body 
Report 
adopted 
Against China       
Value-added tax on integrated 
circuitsa United States 
(WT/DS309/1) 18/03/2004     
By China        
Definitive Safeguard Measures 
on Imports of Certain Steel Products China 
(WT/DS252/1) 26/03/2002 24/06/2002  11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
China as a third party        
United States– Tax Treatment for 
"Foreign Sales Corporations"b EC 
(WT/DS108/27) 05/11/2004 02/05/2005 30/09/2005   
European Communities - 
Protection of Trademarks and 
Geographical Indications for Agricultural 
Products and Foodstuffsc United States 
(WT/DS174/1/Add.1) 04/04/2003 01/10/2003 15/03/2005   
United States– Countervailing 
Measures Concerning Certain Products from the European 
Communitiesb  EC 
(WT/DS212/14) 17/03/2004 27/09/2004 17/08/2005   
United States – Rules of Origin 
for Textiles and Apparel Products  India 
(WT/DS243/1) 11/01/2002 24/06/2002 20/06/2003   
Japan – Measures Affecting the 
Importation of Apples United States 
(WT/DS245/1) 01/03/2002 03/06/2002 15/07/2003 28/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports 
of Certain Steel Products EC 
(WT/DS248/1) 07/03/2002 03/06/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports 
of Certain Steel Products Japan 
(WT/DS249/1) 20/03/2002 14/06/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports of Certain Steel Products Korea 
(WT/DS251/1) 20/03/2002 14/06/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports of Certain Steel Products Switzerland 
(WT/DS253/1) 03/04/2002 24/06/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports 
of Certain Steel Products Norway 
(WT/DS254/1) 04/04/2002 24/06/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Final 
Countervailing Duty 
Determination with respect to 
Certain Softwood Lumber from Canada Canada 
(WT/DS257/1) 03/05/2002 01/10/2002 29/08/2003 02/10/2003 
21/10/2003 17/02/2004 
United States – Definitive 
Safeguard Measures on Imports of Certain Steel Products New Zealand 
(WT/DS258/1) 14/05/2002 08/07/2002 11/07/2003 11/08/2003 10/12/2003 
United States – Final Dumping 
Determination on Softwood 
Lumber from Canadab Canada 
(WT/DS264/16) 19/05/2005 03/06/2005    
European Communities – Export 
Subsides on Sugar Australia 
(WT/DS265/1) 27/09/2002 29/08/2003 15/10/2004 13/01/2005 
25/01/2005 19/05/2005 
European Communities – Export 
Subsides on Sugar Brazil 
(WT/DS266/1) 27/09/2002 29/08/2003 15/10/2004 25/01/2005 
13/01/2005 19/05/2005 
United States – Subsidies on 
Upland Cotton Brazil 
(WT/DS267/1) 27/09/2002 18/03/2003 08/09/2004 18/10/2004 21/03/2005 
     Table AII.4 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 275 
 
 
Dispute  Complainant  
(WTO document) Request for 
consultation Panel 
established Panel 
report 
circulated Appeal 
requested Appellate 
Body 
Report 
adopted 
European Communities – Customs Classification of Frozen 
Boneless Chicken Cuts Brazil 
(WT/DS269/1) 11/10/2002 07/11/2003 30/05/2005 
 13/06/2005 
27/06/2005 27/09/2005 
Australia – Certain Measures 
Affecting the Importation of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables  Philippines 
(WT/DS270/1) 18/10/2002 29/08/2003    
Korea – Measures Affecting 
Trade in Commercial Vessels EC 
(WT/DS273/1) 21/10/2002 21/07/2003 07/03/2005   
Canada – Measures Relating to 
Exports of Wheat and Treatment of Imported Grain United States 
(WT/DS276/1) 17/12/2002 11/07/2003 
31/03/2003 06/04/2004 01/06/2004 27/09/2004 
United States – Investigation of 
the International Trade Commission in Softwood Lumber 
from Canadab Canada 
(WT/DS277/8) 14/02/2005 02/03/2005    
United States – Countervailing 
Duties on Steel Plate from 
Mexico Mexico 
(WT/DS280/1) 21/01/2003 29/08/2003    
United States - Anti-Dumping 
Measures on Cement from Mexico Mexico 
(WT/DS281/1) 31/01/2003 29/08/2003    
United States - Anti-Dumping 
Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) from Mexico Mexico 
(WT/DS282/1) 18/02/2003 29/08/2003 20/06/2005 04/08/2005 
16/08/2005  
European Communities – Export 
Subsides on Sugar Thailand 
(WT/DS283/1) 14/03/2003 29/08/2003 15/10/2004 25/01/2005 
13/01/2005 19/05/2005 
European Communities – 
Customs Classification of Frozen Boneless Chicken Cuts Thailand 
(WT/DS286/1) 25/03/2003 21/11/2003 30/05/2005 
 13/06/2005 
27/06/2005 27/09/2005 
Australia – Quarantine Regime 
for Imports EC 
(WT/DS287/1) 03/04/2003 07/11/2003    
European Communities – 
Protection of Trademarks and 
Geographical Indications for Agricultural products and Foodstuffs  Australia 
(WT/DS290/1) 17/04/2003 02/10/2003 15/03/2005   
European Communities – 
Measures Affecting the Approval and Marketing of Biotech Products United States 
(WT/DS291/1) 13/05/2003 29/08/2003    
European Communities – 
Measures Affecting the Approval and Marketing of Biotech Products Canada 
(WT/DS292/1) 13/05/2003 29/08/2003    
European Communities – 
Measures Affecting the Approval and Marketing of Biotech Products Argentina 
(WT/DS293/1) 14/05/2003 29/08/2003    
United States – Laws, 
Regulations and Methodology for Calculating Dumping Margins 
("Zeroing") EC 
(WT/DS294/1) 12/06/2003 19/03/2004    
Mexico – Definitive Anti-
dumping Measures on Beef and Rice United States 
(WT/DS295/1) 16/06/2003 07/11/2003 06/06/2005 20/07/2005  
     Table AII.4 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 276 
 
 
Dispute  Complainant  
(WTO document) Request for 
consultation Panel 
established Panel 
report 
circulated Appeal 
requested Appellate 
Body 
Report 
adopted 
United States – Countervailing Duty Investigation on Dynamic 
Random Access Memory Semiconductors (Drams) from Korea  Korea 
(WT/DS296/1) 30/06/2003 23/01/2004 21/02/2005 11/04/2005 
29/03/2005 20/07/2005 
European Communities – 
Countervailing Measures on 
Dynamic Random Access 
Memory Chips from Korea Korea 
(WT/DS299/1) 25/07/2003 23/01/2004 17/06/2005   
European Communities – 
Measures Affecting Trade in 
Commercial Vessels Korea 
(WT/DS301/1) 03/09/2003 19/03/2004 22/04/2005   
Dominican Republic – Measures 
Affecting the Importation and 
Internal Sale of Cigarettes Honduras 
(WT/DS302/1) 08/10/2003 09/01/2004 26/11/2004 07/02/2005 
24/01/2005 19/05/2005 
Mexico – Tax Measures on Soft 
Drinks and Other Beverages United States 
(WT/DS308/1) 16/03/2004 06/07/2004    
Korea – Anti-dumping Duties on 
Imports of Certain Paper from 
Indonesia Indonesia 
(WT/DS312/1) 04/06/2004 27/09/2004    
European Communities – 
Selected Customs Matters United States 
(WT/DS315/1) 21/09/2004 21/03/2005    
European Communities and 
Certain Member States – Measures Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft United States 
(WT/DS316/1) 06/10/2004 20/07/2005    
United States – Measures 
Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft EC 
(WT/DS317/1) 06/10/2004 20/07/2005    
United States – Continued 
Suspension of Obligations in the 
EC – Hormones Dispute  EC 
(WT/DS320/1) 08/11/2004 17/02/2005    
Canada – Continued Suspension 
of Obligations in the EC - 
Hormones Dispute EC 
(WT/DS321/1) 08/11/2004 17/02/2005    
United States – Measures 
Relating to Zeroing and Sunset 
Reviews Japan 
(WT/DS322/1) 24/11/2004 28/02/2005    
Japan – Import Quotas on Dried 
Laver and Seasoned Laver Korea 
(WT/DS323/1) 01/12/2004 21/03/2005    
Egypt – Anti-Dumping Duties on 
Matches from Pakistan Pakistan 
(WT/DS327/1) 21/02/2005 20/07/2005    
a On dispute WT/DS309, no panel was established.  On 14 Ju ly 2004 China and the United States signed a Memorandum of 
Understanding (MOU).  On 5 October 2005, th e parties notified the DSB that a mutual ly agreed solution has been reached. 
b Consultations or panels requested pursuant to Article 21. 5 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the 
Settlement of Disputes (DSU).   
c The first request for consultations by th e United States regarding the European Communities' protection of trade marks and 
geographical indications for agricultural pr oducts and foodstuffs (WT/DS174/1) was ma de in 1 June 1999.  The second request 
was made on 4 April 2003 (WT/DS174/1/Add.1).  
Source: WTO Secretariat.  China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 277 
 
 
Table AIII.1 
Summary analysis of China's MFN tariff, 2001-05 
 MFN 2001 MFN 2002 MFN 2003 MFN 2004 MFN 2005 
 No. of 
linesa Average 
(%) Range
(%) Average
(%) Range
(%) Average
(%) Range
(%) Average 
(%) Range 
(%) Average
(%) Range
(%) 
Total 7,550 15.6 0-121.6 12.2 0-71 11.0 0-68 10.2 0-65 9.7 
(9.8) 0-65 
By WTO definition            
Agricultural products 1,082 23.1 0-121.6 18.2 0-71 16.8 0-68 15.5 0-65 15.3 
(15.2) 0-65 
Live animals and products 
thereof 152 17.9 0-41 15.2 0-33 14.4 0-29 13.7 0-25 13.7 
(13.6) 0-25 
Dairy products 20 35.9 6-44 24.5 6- 32 19.3 6-26 13.8 6-20 12.1 6-20 
Coffee and tea, cocoa, 
sugar, etc. 162 30.5 0-114 24.2 0-71 22.3 0-68 20.3 0-65 20.2 0-65 
Cut flowers and plants 84 10.7 0-36 9.4 0-24 9.0 0-23 8.6 0-23 8.6 0-23 
Fruit and vegetables 266 20.9 0-42 18. 1 0-36 16.9 0-33 16.0 0-30 16.0 0-30 
Grains 28 51.9 0-114 37.3 0-71 35.6 0-68 33.9 0-65 33.9 0-65 
Oils seeds, fats, oil and 
their products 94 32.0 0-121.6 15.9 0-52.4 13.9 0-41.6 12.2 0-30.7 11.1 0-30 
Beverages and spirits 48 44.4 10-65 32.1 7.5-65 27.5 7.5-65 22.3 0-65 20.3 0-65 
Tobacco 11 46.5 34-57 36.2 22-57 31.1 16-57 26.3 10-57 25.4 10-57 
Other agricultural products, 
n.e.s. 217 14.5 0-90 13.1 0-54.4 12.8 0-47.2 12.5 0-40 12.4 0-40 
Non-agricultural 
products (excl. 
petroleum) 6,449 14.4 0-90 11.2 0-51 10.1 0-50 9.3 0-50 8.8 
(8.9) 0-50 
Fish and fishery products 180 19.1 0-40 14. 3 0-29.5 12.2 0-25 11.0 0-23.6 10.5 0-23.3 
Mineral products, precious 
stones, etc. 425 11.4 0-45 10.3 0-50 9.8 0-50 9.5 0-50 9.2 0-50 
Metals 727 8.9 0-34 7.3 0-30 7.2 0-30 7.0 0-30 7.0 0-30 
Chemicals and 
photographic supplies 1,237 9.9 0-50 7.2 0-42.5 6.8 0-40 6.5 0-37.5 6.3 
(6.7) 0-35 
(0-47) 
Leather, rubber, footwear, 
travel goods 210 17.4 0-90 13.5 0-31 12.8 0-28 12.4 0-25 12.2 0-25 
Wood, pulp, paper and 
furniture 341 12.2 0-38 8.3 0-31.4 6.3 0-25 5.1 0-22.9 4.3 0-20 
Textiles and clothing 1,113 21.1 2-42 17.5 2-38 15.1 2-38 12.9 2-38 11.5 0-38 
Transport equipment 289 23.3 1-80 16.9 0-51 15.7 0-48 14.4 0-45 13.2 0-45 
Non-electric machinery 891 12.9 1-40 9. 5 0-35 8.6 0-35 8.0 0-35 8.0 0-35 
Electric machinery 426 14.4 1-45 9.3 0-36 8.6 0-35 8.1 0-35 7.9 0-35 
Non-agricultural products, 
n.e.s. 610 16.1 0-90 13.1 0-36 12.3 0-35 11.8 0-35 11.4 0-35 
Petroleum 19 8.0 3-12 5.9 0-9 5.8 0-9 5.7 0-9 5.4 0-9 
By sectorb            
Agriculture and fisheries 528 18.2 0-114 13.2 0-71 11.9 0-68 11.3 0-65 11.1 0-65 
Mining 128 2.8 0-12 2.6 0-8 2.5 0-8 2.5 0-8 2.4 0-8 
Manufacturing 6,893 15.6 0-121.6 12.3 0-71 11.1 0-68 10.2 0-65 9.8 0-65 
excluding food 
processing 6,214 14.5 0-90 11.3 0-54.4 10.3 0-50 9.5 0-50 9.0 
(9.1) 0-50 
By stage of processing            
First stage of processing 1,016 14.5 0-114 11.2 0-71 10.3 0-68 9.7 0-65 9.6 0-65 
Semi-processed products 2,282 12.4 0-114 9.5 0-71 8.6 0-68 7.8 0-65 7.3 0-65 
Fully-processed products 4,252 17.5 0-121.6 13.8 0-65 12.6 0-65 11.6 0-65 11.1 0-65 
a Number of lines corresponds to the 2005 tariff schedule. 
b ISIC (Rev.2) classification.  Electricity, gas and water are excluded (1 tariff line). 
Notes: Figures in brackets include AVEs. 
 The 2001 tariff is based on HS96 nomenclature;  tari ffs for 2002 to 2005 are based on HS02 nomenclature. 
 Calculations exclude in-quota rates and specific rates.  Calcul ations for MFN applied tariffs are based on applied duty rates 
including interim duty rates. 
Source:  WTO Secretariat calculations, based on data provided by the authorities. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 278 
 
 
Table AIII.2 
Inward duty, 2005 
(Per cent) 
Article description Duty (%) 
1. Books, newspapers, journals, movie copies fo r education, slides, cassettes, video cassettes, 
silver or articles thereof, food, beverages,  and articles other than items in 2 and 3 10 
2. Textile products, cameras, bicycles, watches,  clocks, cosmetics, video cameras, digital 
cameras, and other electrical products 20 
3. Tobacco products, spirits, wine, beer 50 
Note: Customs registration and examination,  as required for imports of goods, is required in order to import contraceptive inst ruments 
and contraceptive medicines above the "reasonable self-using level" set by customs regulations. 
Source:  Customs Tariff 2005. China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 279 
 
 
Table AIII.3 
Quotas allocated to state-trading and designated trading enterprises, 2002-05 
(Tonnes) 
Product HS Code 2002 2003 2004 2005 
Wheat 10011000 
10019010 
10019090 11010000 
11031100 
11032010 90% of quota 90% of quota  90% of quota  90% of quota 
Maize 10051000 
10059000 
11022000 11031300 11042300 68% of quota 64% of quota 60% of quota 60% of quota 
Rice 10061011 
10061019 
10061091 
10061099 10062010 10062090 10063010 
10064010 
10064090 11023010 11023090 11031921 11031929 50% of quota  50% of quota  50% of quota 50% of quota  
Sugar 17011100 
17011200 17019100 
17019910 17019920 
17019990 70% of quota 70% of quota 70% of quota 70% of quota 
Rapeseed oil 15141100 
15141900 
15149110 15149190 15149900 34% of quota 26% of quota 18% of quota 10% of quota 
Soybean oil 15071000 
15079000 34% of quota 26% of quota 18% of quota 10% of quota 
Palm oil 15111000 
15119110 
15119090 34% of quota 26% of quota 18% of quota 10% of quota 
Cotton 52010000 
52030000 33% of quota 33% of quota 33% of 856,250 plus 
30% of 1,000,000  33% of quota 
Urea 31021000 90% of quota 90% of quota 90% of quota 90% of quota 
NPK 31052000 85% of quota 80% of quota 75% of quota 70% of quota 
Diammonium 
phosphate 31053000 85% of quota 80% of quota 75% of quota 70% of quota 
Other 
chemical fertilizers 31022100 
31022900 
31023000 
31024000 31025000 31026000 31027000 
31028000 
31029000 31031000 31032000 31041000 
31042010 
31042090 
31043000 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 
Table AIII.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 280 
 
 
Product HS Code 2002 2003 2004 2005 
 31049000 
31051000 
31054000 31055100 31055900 
31056000 
31059000     
Tobacco 55020010 
56012210 
24011010 24011090 24012010 24012090 
24013000 
24021000 24022000 24029000 24031000 
24039100 
24039900 48131000 48132000 48139000 
84781000 
84789000 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 100% of automatic 
licence 
Crude oil 27090000 Non-STE share 
8.28 m – automatic 
licence Non-STE share 
9.52 m – automatic 
licence Non-STE share 
10.95 m – automatic 
licence Non-STE share 
12.60 m – automatic 
licence 
Processed oil 27101110 
27101120 
27101191 27101911 27101912 
27101921 
27101929 
27101922 79% of 22,000,000 79% of 25,300,000 Non-STE share 
6.10 m – automatic 
licence Non-STE share 7 m 
– automatic licence 
Natural 
rubber (DT) 40011000 
40012100 
40012200 
40012900 .. Total quota - 850,000  Automatic licence Automa tic licence 
Plywood 
(DT) 44121300 
44121410 44121490 44121900 Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence 
Wool and 
wool tops 
(DT) 51011100 
51011900 51012100 51012900 
51013000 
51031010 51051000 51052100 
51052900 264,500 + 72,500 275,750 + 76,250 287,000 + 80,000  287,000 + 80,000 
Acrylic (DT) 54023910 
54023990 
54024910 54024920 
54024990 
54025910 54025990 54026910 
54026920 Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence 
Table AIII.3 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 281 
 
 
Product HS Code 2002 2003 2004 2005 
 54026990 
55013000 
55033000 55063000 55093100 
55093200 
55096100 55096200 
55096900     
Steel (DT) 183 eight-digit 
HS headings as 
contained in China's QR notification Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence Automatic licence 
.. Not available. 
Note: DT refers to products subject to designated trading.  De signated trading for these products was eliminated with MOFCOM 
 Announcement No. 88 of 2004. 
Source:  Information provided by the authorities. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 282 
 
 
Table AIII.4 
Products subject to compulsory certification 
1. Electrical wires and cables 
Cord sets, flexible rubber-sheathed cables for mining purposes, insulated cables for railway vehicles of rated voltage up to an d including 
3000V, and rubber insulated cables of rate d voltage up to and including 450/750V 
2. Circuit switches, electric devices for protection or connection 
Appliance couplers for household, industrial and similar purposes, plugs and socket-outlets for hous ehold, industrial and simil ar purposes, 
thermal links, cartridge fuse links of miniature fuse, switches of fixed electrical devices for household and similar use, acce ssories' 
enclosures of fixed electrical devi ces for household and similar purposes 
3. Low voltage electrical appliances 
Electric leakage protectors, circuit breaker s (RCCB, RCBO, MCB), fuses, low-voltage sw itches (isolators, disconnector switches and fuse 
combination units), other circuit protecti on devices (current limiters, circuit prot ectors, over current protectors, thermal pr otectors, 
overload relays, low-voltage electromechanical contactors and mo tor starters), relays (36V<vo ltage<=1000V), other switches (swi tches 
for appliances, vacuum switches, pressure switches, proximity sw itches, foot switches, thermo-s witches, liquid level switches, push-
button switches, limit switches, micro-switches, tumbler switches,  temperature switches, travel switches, changeover switches, automatic 
change-over switches, knife switc hes), other devices (contactors, motor starters , indicating lights, auxiliary contact assembli es, master 
controllers, AC semiconductor motor controllers and starters), and low voltage switchgear assemblies 
4. Miniwatt motors 
5. Electric tools  
Electric drills, including impact drills, electric screwdrivers a nd impact wrenches, electric grinders, sanders, circular saws,  electric 
hammers including electric pickaxes, electric spray guns with non-flammable liquid, electric shears including electric scissors  with 
double-edged blades, electric impact scisso rs, electric tapping machines, reciprocati ng saws including jigsaws and sabre saws, concrete 
vibrators, electric chain saws, electric planers, electric hedge trimmer and electric grass shears, electric routers and edge t rimmers and 
electric stone cutters including marble cutters 
6. Welding machines 
Portable A.C. arc welding machines;  A.C. arc welding machines;  D.C. arc welding ma chines;  TIG welding machines, TIG welders;   
MIG/MAG welding machines, MIG/MAG welders;  submerged arc welding machines;  plasma arc cutting machines;  plasma arc welding 
machines;  electric shock protective devices for arc welding tran sformers;  coupling devices for welding cables;  resistance we lding 
machines;  wire feeder for welders;  TIG welding blow lamps;  MIG/MAG welding torc hes;  and electrode holders 
7. Household and similar electrical appliances 
Household refrigerators and food freezers with the effective volume under 500 litres, household and similar use with/without fr ozen 
compartment, frozen food storage cabinet, freezer and their comb ination;  electric fans: electric fans with single-phase altern ate current 
and direct current for household and similar use;  air-conditi oners:  refrigeration shall not  exceed 21,000 kcal/h for househol d and similar 
use;  motor-compressors (input power should be under 5,000W): seal ed motor-compressors (hermetic and semi-hermetic type) for ai r-
conditioners and freezing appliances for household and similar use;  household washing machines: washing machines with/without t he 
devices of water heating, spinning extraction and drying;  elect ric water heaters: including fixed storage water heaters and in stantaneous 
water heater, heating water to a temperatur e below its boiling point;  room heaters: radiant heaters, panel heaters, liquid-fil led radiators, 
fan heaters, convector heaters, tubular heaters for household a nd similar purposes;  vacuum cl eaners: vacuum cleaners having th e 
functions of dust or liquid suction, driven by either series-com mutator motor or D.C. motors;  appliances for skin and hair car e: 
appliances with electric heating components for skin and hair ca re of both human and animals;  electric irons: electric dry iro ns and steam 
irons for household and similar purpose;  electromagnetic cookers: electro magnetic heating kitchen a ppliance which may contain 
electromagnetic heating components single hob or hobs for household or similar purpose;  roasters: including rated volume not o ver 10L 
roasters, toasters, waffle irons, and similar appliances for hous ehold or similar purpose;  elec tric food processors: household  food 
preparation machines and similar multiple-f unctions food preparation machines;  microw ave ovens: household appliances for heati ng 
food and beverages using electromagnetic en ergy in one or more of the I.S.M. freque ncy bands over 300 MHz . These appliances ma y 
also include a browning or steaming functi on;  electric cooking ranges, hobs, ovens a nd similar appliances: including household  cooking 
ranges, stationary electric ovens, hobs, stationary cooking ranges, hob elements, gr ills and griddles, induction ovens and gril ls;  range 
hoods: electric range hoods installing above hous ehold cooking ranges, hobs and similar cooking appliances, with fans, lights a nd 
controllers;  appliances for heating liquids  and hot/cold water dispensers;  electric rice cookers: automatic heat-preservation  or timer 
electric rice cooker w ith heating components 
8. Audio and video apparatus (not including audio apparatus for broadcasting services and automobiles 
Active loud speaker systems having single or multiple speaker with maximum output power under 500W (R.M.S.);  audio power 
amplifier;  tuners;  radio receivers;  audio or video recorders on any kinds of media;  players or processing equipment of disc , tape or 
other medias;  combination of above audio/video apparatus;  pow er adapters for audio/video equi pments;  colour television recei vers and 
display monitors by any kinds of display types ( not including televisi on receivers for automobiles);  black and white televisi on receivers 
and other monochrome television receivers;  picture/display tubes;  video recorders;   satellite television/broadcast receivers;   electronic 
organs, keyboards;  antenna amplifiers;  equipment and components for cable distri bution systems of sound and television signal s 
Table AIII.4 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 283 
 
 
 
9. Information technology equipment 
Personal computers;  portable personal computers;  display units us ed to connect with computers;  printers used to connect with  
computers;  multiple purpose printing and copying machines;  sca nners;  switching power supply units, adapters and chargers for  
computers;  computer game consoles;  learning  machines;  duplicators and copiers;  servers;   and finance and trade settlement equipment 
10. Lighting apparatus (not including light ing apparatus with voltage lower than 36V) 
"Luminaries", lamps, ballasts, and amperites 
11. Telecommunication terminal equipment 
Fixed line telephone terminals (telephone sets , caller ID telephone sets, ca rd management telephone sets, answering machine tel ephone 
sets, pay phones, intelligent card telephone sets, public IC car d telephone sets, hands-free telephone sets, digital telephone sets, additional 
devices for telephones);  cordless telephone  terminals (analogue and digital cordle ss telephone sets);  group phone systems (gr oup phone 
systems and telephone conference exchanges);  fax machines/cards;  modem terminals/cards;  mobile  terminals (analogue mobile ph ones;  
GSM digital cell mobile stations including handset terminals;  CDMA digital cell mobile stati ons including handset terminals);  ISDN 
terminals (network terminals including NT1, NT1+, and terminal ad apters/cards, TA);  data terminals (storing/transmitting, fax/ voice 
cards, POS terminals, interface tr ansformers, network hubs, and other data termin als);  multimedia terminals (video phones, vid eo 
conference terminals, VOD terminals, and other multimedia terminals) 
12. Motor vehicles and safety parts 
Automobiles (motor vehicles of categories M, N and O);   motorcycles;  parts (safety belts, motorcycle engines) 
13. Motor vehicle tyres 
Automobile tyres (passenger car tyres, truck tyres, motorcycle tyres) 
14. Safety glasses 
Safety glass for motor vehicles (laminated glass A and B, zone tempered glass, temper ed glass);  safety glass for buildings (la minated and 
tempered glass);  safety glass for railway vehicles (laminated, tempered and insulated safety glass) 
15. Agricultural machinery 
Equipment for crop protection (motorized or manual liquid knapsack sprayers;  motorized or manual powder knapsack sprayers;  an d 
motorized liquid and powder knapsack sprayers) 
16. Latex products 
Rubber condoms 
17. Medical devices 
Medical X-ray diagnostic equipment;  haemodialysis equipm ent;  hollow fibre dialysers;  blood circuit pipings in vitro  for blood 
purification equipment;  electrocardiogr aphs;  implantable cardiac pacemakers;  and artificial heart-lung machines 
18. Fire-fighting equipment 
Fire alarm equipment (point type smoke and fire alarm detectors;  point type heat and fire alarm detectors;  fire alarm control  units;  gang  
control equipment for fire protection;  a nd manual fire alarm buttons);  fire hoses;  fire extinguishing sprinkler equipment (s prinklers, wet 
system alarm valves, water flow indi cators and fire pressure switches) 
19. Safety protection products 
Intrusion detectors (indoor microwave Doppler detectors;  proactive infrared intrusion detectors;  indoor passive infrared dete ctors;  and 
indoor microwave and passive infrar ed combined intrusion detectors 
Source:  US Office, China Compulsory Certif ication Online Service Centre, "First  Catalogue of Products Subject to 
Compulsory Certification".  Available at:  http://ww.ccc-us.com/catalogue.htm [7 December 2004]. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 284 
 
 
Table AIII.5 
Export quotas allocated to state-trading enterprises, 2002-05 
(Tonnes) 
Product 
(HS code) Year Quota Enterprises 
Rice    
2002  .. China National Cereals, Oil and F oodstuffs Import & Export Co.;   and  
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
2003 .. China National Cereals, Oil and F oodstuffs Import & Export Co.;   and  
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
2004 1,010,000 China National Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import & Export Co.;   and  
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 10061011;  10061019;  
10061091;  10061099;  
10062010;  10062090;  10063010;  10063090;  10064010;  10064090  
2005 .. China National Cereals, Oil and F oodstuffs Import & Export Co.;   and  
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
Maize    
2002  .. China National Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import & Export Co.;  and 
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
2003 .. China National Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import & Export Co.;  and 
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
2004 4,400,000 China National Cereals, Oil a nd Foodstuffs Import & Export Co.;  and 
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 10051000;  10059000;  
11042300 
2005 .. China National Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import & Export Co.;  and 
Jilin Grain Group Import & Export Co. Ltd. 
Cotton    
2002  .. Chinatex Cotton Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous 
Region Cotton and Jute Import and E xport Co.;  and Xinjiang Nong Ken 
Import and Export Co. Ltd. 
2003 .. Chinatex Cotton Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous 
Region Cotton and Jute Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Nong Ken 
Import and Export Co. Ltd.;  and China National Cotton Reserve 
Corporation 
2004 9,500 Chinatex Cotton Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous 
Region Cotton and Jute Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Nong Ken 
Import and Export Co. Ltd.;  and China National Cotton Reserve Corporation 52010000;  52030000  
2005 .. Chinatex Cotton Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous 
Region Cotton and Jute Import and Export Co.;  Xinjiang Nong Ken 
Import and Export Co. Ltd.;  and China National Cotton Reserve 
Corporation 
Coal    
2002  100,000,000 China National Coal Industry Import and Export Corporation;  Shanxi 
Coal Import and Export Group Corpora tion;  Shenhua Group Corporation 
Ltd.;  and China National Metals and Minerals Import and Export Co. 
2003 100,000,000 China National Coal Industry Im port and Export Corporation;  Shanxi 
Coal Import and Export Group Corpora tion;  Shenhua Group Corporation 
Ltd.;  and China National Metals and Minerals Import and Export Co. 
2004 80,000,000 China National Coal Industry Im port and Export Corporation;  Shanxi 
Coal Import and Export Group Corpora tion;  Shenhua Group Corporation 
Ltd.;  and China National Metals and Minerals Import and Export Co. 27011100;  27011210;  
27011290;  27011900;  
27021000  
2005 80,000,000 China National Coal Industry Im port and Export Corporation;  Shanxi 
Coal Import and Export Group Corpora tion;  Shenhua Group Corporation 
Ltd.;  and China National Metals and Minerals Import and Export Co. 
Crude oil    
2002  5,000,000  SINOCHEM Corporation;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;  and China National Petroleum Corporation  
2003 5,000,000 SINOCHEM Corporation;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;  and China National Petroleum Corporation  
2004 3,500,000 SINOCHEM Corporation;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;  and China National Petroleum Corporation  27090000  
2005 1,000,000 SINOCHEM Corporation;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;  and China National Petroleum Corporation  
Table AIII.5 (cont'd)  China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 285 
 
 
Product 
(HS code) Year Quota Enterprises 
Processed oil     
2002  8,310,000 SINOCHEM Corp.;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;   and China National Petroleum Corporation  
2003 8,310,000 SINOCHEM Corp.;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;   and China National Petroleum Corporation  
2004 12,000,000 SINOCHEM Corp.;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;   and China National Petroleum Corporation  27101110;  27101120;  
27101191;  27101199;  
27101911;  27101912;  27101919;  27101921;  27101929;  27101991;  27101992;  27101993;  27111100  2005 12,000,000 SINOCHEM Corp.;  China Petroleum and Chemical (SINOPEC) 
Corporation;   and China National Petroleum Corporation  
Tungsten ore and 
products    
2002  22,000 See WTO documents G/ST R/N/7/CHN and G/STR/N/8/CHN  
2003 16,300 See WTO document G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1  
2004 16,000 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 78 of 2003  26110000;  26209910;  
28418010;  28418040;  
28259012;  28259019;  28259011;  28418020;  
28418030;  28499020;  
81011000;  81019400;  
81019700  2005 16,300 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 93 of 2004  
Antimony ore and 
products    
2002  70,000 See WTO documents G/ST R/N/7/CHN and G/STR/N/8/CHN  
2003 67,000 See WTO document G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1  
2004 63,700 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 78 of 2003  26171010;  26171090;  
28258000;  81101010;  
81101020;  81102000;  
81109000  2005 65,700 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 93 of 2004  
Silver    
2002  2,336 See WTO documents G/ST R/N/7/CHN and G/STR/N/8/CHN  
2003 2,200 See WTO document G/STR/N/9/CHN/Add.1  
2004 3,050 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 78 of 2003  71061000;  71069110;  
71069190;  71069210;  71069290  
2005 3,500 See MOFCOM Announcement No. 93 of 2004  
Tobacco    
2002  .. See MOFTEC Announcement No. 44 of 2001  
2003 .. See MOFTEC Announcement No. 44 of 2001  
2004 .. See MOFTEC Announcement No. 44 of 2001  55020010;  24011010;  
24011090;  24012010;  
24012090;  24013000;  24021000;  24022000;  24029000;  24031000;  
24039100;  24039900;  
48131000;  48132000;  48139000;  56012210;  
84781000;  84789000  2005 .. See MOFTEC Announcement No. 44 of 2001  
.. Not available. 
Source:  Information provided by authorities. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 286 
 
 
Table AIII.6 
Subsidies as notified to the WTO 
Scheme and eligibility Incentives Annual value 
Central budget subsidies to loss-  making SOEs (to be phased out 
upon accession)a   
Certain SOEs running at a loss, due eith er to fixed prices of their output 
or the increasing cost of exploitation of inputs  Direct transfer from the Ministry 
of Finance Y 74.69 million in 1998 
Local budget subsidies to loss-maki ng SOEs (to be phased out upon 
accession)a   
Severe loss-making SOEs, due to either  fixed price of their products or 
increasing cost of exploitation of inputs and restructuring  Direct transfer from Ministry of 
Finance and local governments Y 258.81 billion in 1998 
Priority for obtaining loans and foreign currency based on export 
performance (to be phased out upon accession)a   
Automotive production enterprises whose exports of vehicles range 
between 3% and 5% of total sale s volume for passenger vehicles, 4% 
and 5% for freight vehicles, and 10% for motorcycles;  and automobile 
and motorcycle component manufact urers whose exports account for 
10% of their total annual sales  Loans and foreign currency n.a. 
Preferential tariffs based on lo cal content (to be phased out upon 
accession)b   
Preferential tariffs for local content of up to 40%, 60% or 80% on 
M category vehicles incorporating imported technology;  local content 
of up to 50%, 70% or 90% for N and L vehicles;  and local content of 
up to 50%, 70% or 90% on products that incorporate imported technology on motor vehicle and motorcycle assembly and key 
components  Preferential tariff rates n.a. 
Preferences for the SEZs (exclu ding Pudong A rea of Shanghai)    
Foreign invested enterprises established in the SEZs and foreign 
enterprises engaging in production a nd business in the SEZs;  service 
sector enterprises with forei gn investment over US$5 million and 
operating over a ten-year period  Preferential income tax rates of 
between 15% or 24% (standard rate of 33%) or exemption from 
income tax .. 
Preferential policies for the economic and technology development 
areas    
Foreign invested productive enterprises in the economic and 
technology development area;  foreig n invested productive enterprises 
established in the old areas of the cities where the zones are located;  
technology intensive projects, proj ects having foreign investment of 
over US$30 million with a long payback period, and projects in sectors 
encouraged by the State such as energy and transportation  Preferential tax rates of 15% or 
24% (standard rate of 33%) .. 
Preferences for the Special Economic Zone of the Pudong Area of 
Shanghai    
Foreign invested productive enterprise s established in the SEZ of the 
Pudong Area of Shanghai and for fore ign invested enterprises engaged 
in construction of infrastructure;  foreign invested enterprises engaged 
in energy and transportation projects such as airports, ports, railways, 
power stations etc. expected to  operate longer than 15 years. Income tax rate of 15%.  For 
foreign invested enterprises 
engaged in energy and transportation projects expected to operate longer than 15%, 
income tax for the first 5 years 
from when the project becomes profitable, is exempted.  Between the sixth and tenth years of profitability, income tax is 
reduced by 50%. .. 
Preferences for foreign invested enterprises    
Foreign invested productive enterprises operating for ov er ten years Income tax exemption for the first 
two years;  income tax for the 
third to fifth years is reduced by 
50% .. 
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 287 
 
 
Scheme and eligibility Incentives Annual value 
Chinese-foreign joint enterprises en gaged in the construction of ports, 
docks and berths Income tax rate of 15%.  Income 
tax exemption for the first 5 years is for those operating for over 15 years;  and 50% reduction in 
income tax for the sixth to the 
tenth years. .. 
Foreign invested advanced technology ente rprises Income tax exemption for an 
initial period;  may be followed 
by a 50% reduction  for another 
three years .. 
Foreign invested enterprises in agriculture, forestry, and animal 
husbandry;  and foreign invested enterprises established in less 
economically developed remote areas Income tax reductions for an 
initial period;  may be followed 
by income tax reduction of 15% to 30% for another ten years, 
subject to approval by the local 
tax authorities .. 
Foreign invested enterprises in industries and sectors that are 
encouraged by the Government Reduction or exemption from 
payment of income tax on a case 
by case basis by the provincial government .. 
Reinvested profits of foreign investors used to increase the registered 
capital of the company or to set up ne w enterprises to operate for more 
than five years 40% of the income tax payable on 
the reinvested profits is refunded subject to approval by the local 
authorities;  up to 100% refunded 
for high tech enterprises or if profits are from foreign invested enterprises in Hainan SEZ and reinvested in infrastructure 
projects or agriculture 
development projects in the same SEZ .. 
Income of foreign investors without commercial establishments in 
China (eg. dividends, interest, rentals, franchising fees)  Income tax rate of 20% except for 
foreign investors' profit from their enterprises in China, which are 
entitled to 100% tax exemption .. 
Income of foreign investors without commercial ente rprises in China Preferential income tax rate of 
20%;  10% for franchising fees 
from provision of special technology to scientific research, energy, transportation, agriculture, forestry and animal 
husbandry;  tax exemption may 
be applied for advanced technology .. 
Tariff reduction and exemption    
Imports by embassies and internati onal organizations, donations from 
foreign governments and interna tional organizations, imports by 
Chinese diplomats, Chinese students abroad and for personal consumption  Low or no tariffs  
Imports into the Yangpu Economic Development Area    
Equipment and material imported in 1996-2000 for drilling, and for 
petroleum and natural gas exploitation    
Aircraft imported by domestic civil airlines in 1996-2000    
Spare parts for cars depending on local content   
Material imported for domestic manufacture of aircraftc   
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 288 
 
 
Scheme and eligibility Incentives Annual value 
Tariff and VAT exemption for tech nology and equipment imported 
by investors in areas encouraged by the Government    
Technology and equipment imported by : foreign investors investing in 
encouraged industrial areas as define d in "The Industrial Catalogues for 
Foreign Direct Investment"; and domestic investors investing in 
encouraged industrial areas define d by "The Catalogues of Current 
Priorities of Industrial Sectors, Pr oducts and Technologies encouraged 
by the State" Tariff and VAT exemption for 
imported technology and 
equipment .. 
Tax and tariff refunds for im port content of exports    
Exported goods using imported raw materials For agricultural products subject 
to the official VAT rate of 10%, a 
refund rate of 3%;  for industrial products subject to the official VAT rate of 17%, a refund rate 
for agricultural inputs of 6%;  for 
all other products subject to the official VAT rate of 17%, a refund rate of 9%  
Low price inputs for special industrial sectors    
"Certain industrial sectors" State controlled low prices for 
37% (in 1995) of coal and 70% of crude oil produced in mainland China  
Loans from State Policy Banksd   
State Development Bank:  infrastr ucture development in energy, 
transportation, telecommunications, water conservation, resource 
development in central and western parts of China as well as technology renewal Loans at low rates of in terest State Development 
Bank:  Y 200 billion of 
which 9.6% for the manufacturing sector 
Export and Import Bank of China:  loans to guarantee export credit by commercial banks and for direct export credit  Export and Import Bank 
of China:  Y 21 billion 
Agriculture Development Bank of China:  loans for purchase and 
storage of agricultural products, forestry, construction and water conservation  Agricultural 
Development Bank of China:  Y 500 billion 
Financial subsidies for poverty alleviation    
Regions where the annual income per capita is less than Y 400 Grants and loans Appropriation from the 
Central Government 
Budget: Y 17.8 billion in 
1998;  Y 24.3 billion in 1999; and Y 24 billion budgeted for 2000  
Loans of Y 30 billion at 
low rates of interest 
Technology renewal, research and development    
Scientific research institutes and some ente rprises Grants and loans Y 301.9 billion for the 
1991-98.  (Y 4.3 billion 
in 1997 and Y 64.1 billion in 1998) 
Infrastructure construction funds for agricultural water conservation and flood protection    
Key infrastructure projects for water conservation a nd flood protection Grants Y 35.5 billion for 
1991-98. (Y 15.9 billion in 1997;  Y 20.89 billion 
in 1998;  and 
Y 21.36 billion in 1999) 
Subsidy to the forestry industry    
Certain enterprises in the forestry industry whose products use 
"deficient timber resources" Refund of VAT  
Table AIII.6 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 289 
 
 
Scheme and eligibility Incentives Annual value 
Preferential income tax treatment for high tech enterprises  .. 
High tech enterprises in the high t ech development zones approved by 
the State Council Income tax rates reduced to 15%;  
for newly established high tech 
enterprises, income tax exemption for the first two years of operation .. 
Preferential income tax for enterprises using waste material    
Enterprises using waste gas and solid waste as major production inputs Income tax reduction or 
exemption for up to five years .. 
Preferential income tax for enterprises in poverty stricken regions    
Newly established enterprises in remote regions, poverty stricken 
regions and regions with ethnic groups Income tax reduction or 
exemption for up to five years  
Preferential income tax for enterprises transferring technology    
Income of enterprises resulting from technology transfer or from 
relevant services such as consultancy, training, etc. Income tax reduction or 
exemption for annual net income below Y 300,000 .. 
Preferential income tax for disaster stricken enterprises    
Enterprises affected by disasters such as floods, fires, tornados, 
earthquakes, etc. Income tax exemption for one 
year subject to approval by the 
local tax authorities  
Preferential income tax for enterprises that provide job 
opportunities for the unemployed    
Newly established township enterprises If the new jobs created annually 
exceed 60% of total employment, 
income tax exemption for three years subject to approval by the local authorities;  following this, if the enterprise provides 
another 30% new jobs, 50% 
income tax reduction for two years subject to approval by the local authorities .. 
n.a. Not applicable. 
.. Not available. 
a According to China's statement to the Committee on Subsidie s, these were eliminated in 2001 (WTO document G/SCM/W/522, 
11 November 2002). 
b According to China's statement to the Committee on Subsidies, th ese were eliminated in 2001 under a Decree of the Ministry of  
Finance on 11 December 2001  (WTO document G/SCM/W/522, 11 November 2002). 
c Tariff reductions and exemptions granted before 1 April 1996 for imported equipment and mate rial for foreign invested 
enterprises, for domestic technology renova tion and infrastructure construction project s, for SEZs and Economic and Technology 
Development Areas, for border trade, pro cessing trade and compensation trade, was to  be terminated except for the following 
transitional periods granted: 
 - for foreign invested enterprises with total investment of under US$30 million approved befo re 1 April 1996, tariff reduction s 
and exemptions for imported equipment and material would remain valid until 31 December 1996;  for enterprises with 
investment above US$30 million, the trans itional period would end on 31 December 1997; 
 - for industrial projects in areas such as energy, transporta tion, metallurgy, with investme nt of over Y 50 million and for 
technology renovation projects in manufact uring with investment of over Y 30 million, which were  approved before 
1 April 1996, tariffs for imports of equipment would be subject to a 50% reduction until 31 December 1997; 
 - goods imported into the five SEZs and into the Pudong Ar ea in Shanghai and the Industrial Development Zone in Suzhou 
would be subject to normal tariffs rates after 1 April 1996.  However tariff refunds would be granted between 1996 and 2000, 
with the volume decreasing annually.  The rates of refund were not  available to the Secretariat.   The refund was due to be 
terminated after 2000.  No information was provided on whether these transitional pe riods are now over and if these tariff 
reductions and exemptions have now been terminated. 
d The State Development Bank, the Export and Import Bank of China, and the Agriculture Development Bank of China. 
Source:  WTO document WT/ACC/CHN/18, 6 June 2000;  and WT/L/432, 23 November 2001, Annex 5B. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 290 
 
 
Table AIII.7 
Products subject to government pric ing or government guidance pricing under China's Protocol of Accession 
Products HS No. Des cription of products 
Government pricing  
24011010 Flue-cured tobacc o, not stemmed/stripped 
24011090 Tobacco other than flue -cured, not stemmed/stripped 
24012010 Flue-cured tobacco, par tly or wholly stemmed/stripped Tobacco 
24012090 Tobacco other than flue-cured, partly or wholly stemmed/stripped 
Edible salt 25010010 Salt, whether or not in aqueous soluti on or containing added anticak ing or free-flowing agents 
Natural gas 27112100 Natural gas in gaseous state 
30011000 Glands and  other organs, dried, whether or not powdered 
30012000 Extracts of glands or other organs or of their secretions 
30019010 Heparin and its salts 
30019090 Substances of human or animal origin , for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, nes 
30021000 Antisera and other blood fractions & modified immunological products, whet her or not obtained by 
means of biotechnological processes 
30022000 Vaccines for human medicine 
30023000 Vaccines for veterinary medicine 
30029010 Saxitoxin 
30029020 Ricitoxin 
30029090 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeu tic, prophylactic or diagnostic uses; other toxins, 
cultures of micro-organisms (excl. yeasts) and similar products, nes 
30041011 Medicaments containing ampic illin, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30041012 Medicaments containing amoxycillin, consisting of  mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30041013 Medicaments containing penic illins, consisting of mixed or unmi xed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30041019 Medicaments containing penic illins, nes, consisting of mixed or  unmixed products for therapeutic 
or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses  or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30041090 Medicaments containing penicillin s or derivatives thereof nes, or streptomycins or their derivatives, 
consisting of mixed or unmixed products for ther apeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured 
doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30042011 Medicaments containing cefotax ime, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30042012 Medicaments containing ceftazi dime, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30042013 Medicaments containing cefoxitin, consisting of  mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale Pharmaceuticals  
30042014 Medicaments containing ceftezo le, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
 30042015 Medicaments containing cefacl or, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
 30042016 Medicaments containing cefuroxi me, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
 30042017 Medicaments containing ceftria xone, consisting of mixed or unmixe d products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
 30042018 Medicaments containing cefoper azone, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
 30042019 Medicaments containing othe r cephamycines, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for 
therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
 30042090 Medicaments containing other antibiotics, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic 
or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
  Table AIII.7 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 291 
 
 
Products HS No. Des cription of products 
30043100 Medicaments containing insulin, consisting of  mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30043200 Medicaments containing adrenal cortical horm ones, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for 
therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured  doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30043900 Medicaments containing other hormones, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic 
or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
30044010 Medicaments containing quinine  or its salts, but not containing antibiotics or products of heading 
29.37, consisting of mixed or unmixed products fo r therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in 
measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30044090 Medicaments containing alkalo ids or their derivatives, but not  containing hormones or other 
products of heading 29.37 or antibiotics, consis ting of mixed or unmixed products put up in 
measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
30045000 Other medicaments containing v itamins or other products of 29.36, consisting of mixed or unmixed 
products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for 
retail sale 
30049010 Medicaments containing sulfa drugs, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or  in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
30049020 Medicaments containing biphenyl dicarbxybte,  consisting of mixed or unmixed products for 
therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
30049053 Bai Yao, consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in 
measured doses or in forms of packing for retail sale 
30049059 Medicaments of Chinese type, consisting of  mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or 
prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses or  in forms of packing for retail sale, nes 
30049090 Medicaments of products for therapeutic, prophyl actic or diagnostic uses, consisting of mixed or 
unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic us es, put up in measured doses or in forms of 
packing for retail sale, nes  
30051010 Adhesive plasters, im pregnated or coated with pharmaceutical  substances or put up in forms of 
packing for retail sale for medical, su rgical, dental or veterinary purposes 
 30063000 Opacifying preparations for X-ray examinations;  diagnostic reagents designed to be administered 
to the patient 
 30066000 Chemical contraceptive prepara tions based on hormones or spermicides 
 40141000 Sheath contraceptives 
Government guidance pricing  
10011000 Durum wheat 
10019010 Seed of wheat and meslin, excl. durum wheat 
10019090 Wheat and meslin, excl. for seeding and durum wheat 
10051000 Maize (corn) seed 
10059000 Maize (corn), excl. for seeding 
10061010 Rice in husk (paddy or rough) seed 
10061090 Rice in husk (paddy or rough), excl. for seeding 
10062000 Husked (brown) rice 
10063000 Semi-milled or wholly milled ri ce, whether or not polished or glazed 
12010010 Seed of soybeans 
12010091 Yellow soybeans, not for seeding, whether or not broken 
12010092 Black soybeans, not for seeding, whether or not broken 
12010093 Green soybeans, not for seeding, whether or not broken Grain 
12010099 Soybeans, nes, not for seeding, whether or not broken 
15071000 Crude soybean oil, whether or not degummed, but not chemically modified 
15079000 Soya-bean oil and its fractions, re fined, but not chemically modified 
15141010 Crude rape, colza oil, but not chemically modified Vegetable oil 
15141090 Crude mustard oil, but  not chemically modified 
  Table AIII.7 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 292 
 
 
Products HS No. Des cription of products 
27100011 Motor gasoline and aviation gasoline 
27100013 Naphtha 
27100023 Aviation kerosene 
27100024 Lamp-kerosene 
27100031 Light diesel oil 
27100033 Fuel oil No. 5 to No. 7 (national code) Processed oil 
27100039 Diesel oils and preparations  thereof and other fuel oils, nes 
Fertilizer 31021000 Urea, whether or not in aqueous solution 
50010010 Mulberry feeding silk-worm cocoons Silkworm cocoons 
50010090 Other silk-worm cocoons suitable for reeling 
Cotton 52010000 Cotton, not carded or combed 
Source: WTO document WT/L/432. China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 293 
 
 
Table AIII.8 
Service and utilities subject to government pricing or governme nt guidance pricing under China's Protocol of Accession 
CPC  Service Notes 
Government pricing  
7511, 7512, 7521, 7522  Postal and telecommunication services 
charges Including postal services charges, national and trans-
provincial telecommunication services charges 
964 Entrance fees for tour sites Referring to significant historical relics and natural 
landscape under protection 
921, 922, 923 Education services charges  
Government guidance pricing  
7214, 745, 731, 7111, 7112, 
743, 7131, 7139 Transport services charges Including rail transport of both passenger and freight, 
air transport of freight, port services, and pipeline transport 
861, 862, 8671, 8672 Professional services charges Including architectural and engineering services, legal 
services, assets assessment services, authentication, 
arbitration, notarization, and inspection 
621 Charges for commission agents' services Including commission for trade mark, advertisement, 
taxation, and bidding agents 
81339 Charges for settlement, clearing, and 
transmission services of banks Including settlement, clearing, and transmission 
services of the RMB, transaction fees and seat charges of national securities exchanges, as well as seat charges for China Foreign Exchange Center 
82101 Selling price and renting fees of residential 
apartments   
931 Health related services   
 Public utilities:  
1720 Price of gas for civil use  
1800 Price of tap water  
1710 Price of electricity  
1730 Price of heating power  
1800 Price of water supplied by irrigation 
works  
Notes: CPC classification is added to the service sectors subject  to state pricing in this An nex in accordance with GATT docume nt 
MTN.GNS/W/120 of 10 July 1991, which provided services sect oral classification for the pur pose of services negotiations 
during the Uruguay Round. 
 The government pricing in the service sectors listed in China' s Schedule of Specific Commitments shall be applied in a manner 
consistent with Article 6 of GATS and the Reference Paper on Basic Telecommunication. 
Source: WTO document WT/L/432. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 294 
 
 
Table AIII.9 
Minimum capital and registration requirements for companies 
Type of company Requirements for 
Chinese companies Requirements for companies with foreign 
participation 
Minimum registered capital requirement   
Limited liability companies   
Production, operation and wholesale At least Y 500, 000 Y 80 million for wholesale (Y 60 million if 
invested in Central and Western China) 
Retail At least Y 300,000 Y 50 million (Y 30 million if investment in 
Central and Western China) 
Science and technology development, consultancy or services At least Y 100,000 Y 5 million for tourism 
Advertising .. US$0.3 million 
Foreign trade .. Y 100 million 
International freight transport .. US$1 million 
Investment  .. US$30 million 
Banking and insurance .. Y 300 million 
Financial companies .. Y 200 million 
Joint stock limited companies At least Y 10 million Y 30 million 
Ratio of registered capital to total investment   
Investment below or equal to US$3 million .. Regi stered capital at least seven-tenths of total 
investment 
Investment between US$3 million up to and including 
US$10 million .. Registered capital at least half of total 
investment 
Investment between US$10 million up to and including US$30 million .. Registered capital at least two-fifths of total 
investment 
Investment above US$30 million .. Registered  capital at least one-third of total 
investment 
.. Data not available. 
Source:  Ministry of Commerce.  China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 295 
 
 
Table AIII.10  
Criteria defining large, medium, and small enterprises in China 
Enterprises Employment (number) Total sale s (Y million) Total assets (Y million) 
Industrial    
Large-sized No less than 2,000 No less than Y 300  No less than Y 400 
SMEs Less than 2,000 Less than Y 300 Less than Y 400 
Medium-sized 300 to 2,000 Y 30 to Y 300 Y 40 to Y 400 
Small-sized No more than 300 No mo re than Y 30 No more than Y 40 
Construction    
Large-sized No less than 3,000 No less than Y 300 No less than Y 400 
SMEs Less than 3,000 Less than Y 300 Less than Y 400 
Medium-sized 600 to 3,000 Y 30 to Y 300 Y 40 to Y 400 
Small-sized No more than 600 No mo re than Y 30 No more than Y 40 
Retail    
Large-sized No less than 500 No less than Y 150 .. 
SMEs Less than 500 Less than Y 150  
Medium-sized 100 to 500 Y 10 to Y 150  
Small-sized No more than 100 No more than Y 10  
Wholesale    
Large-sized No less than 200 No less than Y 300 .. 
SMEs Less than 200 Less than Y 300  
Medium-sized 100 to 200 Y 30 to Y 300  
Small-sized No more than 100 No more than Y 30  
Transportation services    
Large-sized No less than 3,000 No less than Y 300 .. 
SMEs Less than 3,000 Less than Y 300  
Medium-sized 500 to 3,000 Y 30 to Y 300  
Small-sized No more than 500 No more than Y 30  
Postal services    
Large-sized No less than 1,000 No less than Y 300 .. 
SMEs Less than 1,000 Y 300  
Medium-sized 400 to 1,000 Y 30 to Y 300  
Small-sized No more than 400 No more than Y 30  
Accommodation, food, and beverages    
Large-sized No less than 800 No less than Y 150 .. 
SMEs Less than 800 Less than Y 150  
Medium-sized 400 to 800 Y 30 to Y 150  
Small-sized No more than 400 No more than Y 30  
.. Not available. 
Source:  National Bureau of Statistics, "Criteria defining larg e, medium and small enterprises for statistical use", 
22 May 2003.  Available at:   http://www.stat s.gov.cn/tjbz/qyhxbz/t20030528_80450.htm [8 December 2005]. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 296 
 
 
Table AIV.1 
Tariff quota utilization in China, 2002-05  
  2002 2003 2004 2005 
Wheat Quota level ('000 tonnes) 8,468.0 9,052.0 9,636.0 9,636.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 632 450 7,260.0 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 7.5 5.0 75.3 .. 
 State-trading share 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 1-10 1-10 1-10 1-10 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 71.0 68 65 65 
Corn Quota level ('000 tonnes) 5,850.0 6,525.0 7,200.0 7,200.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 10 <5 <5 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 0.2 0.1 0.1 .. 
 State-trading share 68.0 64.0 60.0 60.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 1-10 1-10 1-10 1-10 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 28-71 24-68 20-65 20-65 
Rice Quota level ('000 tonnes) 3,990.0 4,655.0 5,320.0 4,767.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 237 260 770 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 5.9 5.6 14.5 .. 
 State-trading share 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 1-9 1-9 1-9 1-9 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 22-71 16-68 10-65 10-65 
Soybean oil Quota level ('000 tonnes) 2,518.0 2,818.0 3,587.1 3,587.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 870 1,880 2,520 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 34.6 66.7 80.8 .. 
 State-trading share 34.0 26.0 18.0 10.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 9.0 9 9.0 9.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 52.4 41.6 30.7 19.9 
Palm oil Quota level ('000 tonnes) 2,400.0 2,600.0 3,168.0 .. 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 1,695 2,330 2,390 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 70.6 89.6 88.5 .. 
 State-trading share .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 9.0 9 9.0 9.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 52.4 41.6 30.7 19.9 
Rape seed oil Quota level ('000 tonnes) 878.9 1,018.6 1,243.0 1,243.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 78 150 350 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 8.9 14.7 31.1 .. 
 State-trading share 34.0 26.0 18.0 10.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 52.4 41.6 30.7 19.9 
Sugar Quota level ('000 tonnes)  1,764.0 1,852.0 1,945.0 1,945.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 1,183 780 1,210 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 67.1 42.1 62.2 .. 
 State-trading share 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 20.0 20.0 15.0 15.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 65.9 58.0 50.0 50.0 
Table AIV.1 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 297 
 
 
  2002 2003 2004 2005 
Woolb Quota level ('000 tonnes) 264.5 275.8 287.0 287.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 191 170 220 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 72.2 61.7 76.7 .. 
 State-trading share n. a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 
Wool topsb Quota level ('000 tonnes) 72.5 76.3 80.0 80.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) .. .. .. .. 
 State-trading share n. a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 
Cotton Quota level ('000 tonnes) 818.5 856.3 +500 894.0 +1,000 894.0 +1,400 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) 177 870 1,910 .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) 21.6 101.6 213.6 .. 
 State-trading share 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 54.4 47.2 40.0 40.0 
Fertilizer      
- Urea Quota level ('000 tonnes) 1,300.0 1,800.0 2,800.0 2,800.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) .. .. .. .. 
 State-trading share 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 
- NPK Quota level ('000 tonnes) 2,835.0 2,980.0 3,290.0 3,290.0 
 Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) .. .. .. .. 
 State-trading share 85.0 80.0 75.0 70.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 
- Diammonium Quota level ('000 t onnes) 5,670.0 5,950.0 6,560.0 6,560.0 
  phosphate Out-of-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 In-quota imports ('000 tonnes) .. .. .. .. 
 Utilization ratea (%) .. .. .. .. 
 State-trading share 85.0 80.0 75.0 70.0 
 In-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 
 Out-of-quota MFN tariff rate (%) 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 
.. Not available.  
n.a. Not applicable. 
a Utilization rate refers to in-quota imports divided by quota level. 
b Non-state-trading products. 
Note: Quota levels for cotton were increased during 2003-05. 
Source: WTO documents G/AG/N/CHN/7, 6 April 2005, and Corr.1, 20 April 2005;  G/AG/N/CHN/3, 
25 September 2003;  G/AG/N/ CHN/1, 24 September 2002;  G/MA/W/74, 7 November 2005;  and the Chinese 
authorities. WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 298 
 
 
Table AIV.2 
China's sector-specific commitments in the GATS 
Service sector Commitments 
1. BUSINESS SERVICES  
A. Professional Services  
(a) Legal services (excluding 
practice of Chinese law) No market access and national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Market access for mode 3 
only in the form of representa tive offices in selected provin ces.  Geographical and quantitative 
limitations to be removed within one year after accession.  There are market access limitations on the business scope provided by foreign representative o ffices as well as the qualifications of members of 
representative offices of foreign law firms.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
National treatment limitations on mode 3 including residency requirements for representative offices 
and restrictions on employment of Chinese nationa l registered lawyers.  Mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments 
(b) Accounting, auditing and bookkeeping services No market access or national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.  For mode 3, limitations on 
partnerships or incorporated accounting firms, wh ich must be certified public accountants licensed by 
the authorities.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(c) Taxation services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only through joint ventures with foreign 
majority ownership;  six years after accession, who lly owned foreign subsidia ries permitted.  Mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(d) Architectural services 
 
(e) Engineering services  (f) Integrated engineering 
services 
 (g) Urban planning services (except general urban planning) No market access limitations on mode 1 for scheme  design (for others cooperation with Chinese 
professional organizations required) .  No limitations for mode 2.  Mode 3 only through joint ventures 
with foreign majority ownership;  wholly foreign owned companies to be permitted within five years 
of accession.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.   For Mode 3 foreign service suppliers must be 
registered in their home country.  Mode 4 unbound except as indicated in horizontal commitments 
(h) Medical and dental 
services No market access or national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.  For market access, foreign 
service suppliers may establish joint-venture hospita ls or clinics with Chinese partners, subject to 
quantitative limitations, with foreign majority ownership permitted.  Mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments, and foreign doctors with professional certificate from their home country 
are permitted to provide services for up to six m onths in China after obtaining a licence from the 
Ministry of Public Health 
 
National treatment limitations for mode 3 require th e majority of doctors and medical personnel of 
the joint ventures to be Chinese nationals.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
B. Computer and Related 
Services  
(a) Consultancy services 
related to installation of computer hardware No market access or national treatment limitations for modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbond with regard 
to market access limitations, except for horizontal commitments  National treatment limitations for mode 4 including minimum qualification requirements 
(b) Software implementation 
servicesa No market access or national treatment limitations fo r modes 1 and 2.  With regard to market access, 
Mode 3 only permitted in the form of joint ventur es, with foreign majority ownership permitted.  
Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  No national treatment limitations for mode 3.  Minimum qualification requirements for mode 4. 
(c) Data processing servicesb No market access or national treatment limitations w ith regard to modes 1, 2 and 3.  Limitations on 
market access with regard to mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  
For national treatment limitations with regard to mode 4, minimum qualification requirements 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 299 
 
 
Service sector Commitments 
D. Real Estate Services  
(a) Real estate services 
involving own or leased 
property No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  For mode 3 no limitations except for wholly 
foreign-owned enterprises, which ar e not permitted to participate in hi gh standard real estate projects 
such as apartments and office buildings.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(b) Real estate services on a fee or contract basis No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  M ode 3 only in the form of joint ventures with 
majority foreign ownership. Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
F. Other Business Services  
(a) Advertising services Market access th rough modes 1 and 2 permitted only through a dvertising agents registered in China 
with the right to provide foreign advertising serv ices.  Mode 3 permitted only through joint ventures 
with foreign investment limitations of up to 49%.  Majority foreign ownership and wholly foreign-
owned companies to be permitted within two a nd four years of accession.   Mode 4 unbound except 
for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(c) Management or consulting services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only through joint ventures, with foreign 
majority ownership permitted;  no limitations w ithin six years of accession.  Mode 4 unbound except 
for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations on modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(e) Technical testing and 
analysis services and freight 
inspection excluding statutory inspection for freight 
inspection services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only through foreign service suppliers 
engaged in inspection in their home country for ove r three years;  registered capital requirements of 
US$350,000.  Foreign majority ownership and fully  foreign-owned subsidiaries to be permitted 
within two and four years after accession.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(f) Services incidental to agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  mode 3 only through joint ventures, with foreign 
majority ownership permitted.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
limitations 
(m) Related scientific 
technical consulting servicesc No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.   Mode 3 only in petroleum exploitation in 
cooperation with Chinese partners.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
 - Onshore oil-field services No market access or national treatme nt limitations for modes 1 and 2.   Market access for mode 3 o nly 
in petroleum exploitation in cooperation with the China National Petroleum Corp. in designated areas 
approved by the Government.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 Limitations on national treatment for mode 3 incl uding data provision require ments, and investment 
in hard currency.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
(p) Photographic services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only in the form of joint ventures, with 
foreign majority ownership permitted.  M ode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for Modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(q) Packaging services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 through joint ventures.  Foreign majority 
ownership and wholly foreign-owne d subsidiaries permitted one a nd three years after accession.  
Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 300 
 
 
Service sector Commitments 
(s) Convention services No market access limitations for mode s 1 and 2.  Mode 3 through joint ventures, with foreign 
majority ownership permitted.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
(t) Translation and 
interpretation services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only through joint ventures, with foreign 
majority ownership permitted.  Mode 4 unbound ex cept as indicated in horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 for qualified personnel 
- Maintenance and repair 
services, maintenance and 
repair services of office machinery and equipment including computers;  rental and leasing services. No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 only through joint ventures.  Foreign 
majority and  wholly foreign-owned subsidiaries to  be permitted one and three years after accession.  
Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  No national treatment limitations except for modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
2.  COMMUNICATION 
SERVICES  
B. Courier Services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 through joint ventures, with foreign 
investment not exceeding 49%.  Foreign majority and wholly foreign-owned subsidiaries to be 
permitted within one and four years after acce ssion.  Mode 4 unbound ex cept for horizontal 
commitments  No national treatment limitations except for modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
C. Telecommunication Services  
Value-added servicesd Market access limitations for modes 1 and 3 incl uding geographical limita tions, and investment 
through joint ventures;  limitations to be eased  after one year, and no geographical limitations 
two years after accession.  No limitations for mode 2, and mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Basic telecommunication 
services 
- Paging services Market access limitations for modes 1 and 3 incl uding geographical limita tions, and investment 
through joint ventures;  limitations to be eased  after one year, and no geographical limitations 
following two years after accession.   No limitations for mode 2, and mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Mobile Voice and Data 
Services: 
 - Analogue/Digital/Cellular 
Services 
 - Personal Communication Services Market access limitations for modes 1 and 3 incl uding geographical limita tions, and investment 
through joint ventures;  limitations to be eased  after one year, and no geographical limitations 
two years after accession.  No limitations for mode 2, and mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Domestic servicese 
 
International servicesf Market access limitations for modes 1 and 3 incl uding geographical limita tions, and investment 
through joint ventures;  limitations to be eased  after one year, and no geographical limitations 
two years after accession.  No limitations for mode 2, and mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
D. Audiovisual Services  
- videos including entertainment software and distribution services 
 
- sound recording distribution services No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 through contractual joint ventures with 
Chinese partners for distribution of audiovisu al products excluding motion pictures.  Mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 301 
 
 
Service sector Commitments 
- Cinema theatre services No market access limitations for mode s 1 and 2.  Mode 3 access for c onstruction and/or  renovation of 
cinema/theatre up to foreign equity of 49%.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
3. CONSTRUCTION AND 
RELATED ENGINEERING 
SERVICES Market access and national treatment limitations for mode 1 unbound due to lack of technical 
feasibility.  No limitations for mode 2.  Mark et access through mode 3 pe rmitted only through joint 
ventures, with foreign majority ownership.  With in three years of accession, wholly foreign-owned 
enterprises to be permitted although they are limited to four types of construction projects.  Mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for mode 3 except for different registered capital requirements, and 
an obligation for joint ventures to undertake forei gn-invested construction projects.  No limitations 
after accession.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES  
A. Commission Agents' 
Services (excluding salt, tobacco) 
 
B. Wholesale Trade Services (excluding salt, tobacco) Market access and national treatment limitations unboun d for mode 1;  no limitations for mode 2.  
Market access under mode 3 permits foreign service su ppliers to establish joint ventures one year 
after accession.  A list of activities they may engage in  is provided.   Foreign majority ownership to 
be permitted within two years from accession and no geographic or quantitative restrictions to apply 
 No national treatment limitations under modes 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
C. Retailing Services (excluding tobacco) Limitations on market access and national treatment unbound for mode 1 and no limitations for 
mode 2.  Limitations on market access for mode 3.  No limitations on national treatment for mode 3.  
Market access and national treatment for mode  4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
D. Franchising No market access and national treatment li mitations for modes 1 and 2.  For mode 3 no market access 
or national treatment limitations within thr ee years after accession.  Mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments 
E. Wholesale or Retail Trade 
Services Away from a Fixed 
Location Same as above 
5. EDUCATIONAL 
SERVICESg Market access and national treatment limitations unboun d for mode 1;  no limitations for mode 2.  
Market access under mode 3 limited to joint schools,  with foreign majority ownership permitted.  
Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitment s and other limitations.  Qualification 
requirements for mode 3 access under national treatment limitations 
6. ENVIRONMENTAL 
SERVICES 
A. Sewage Services 
B. Solid Waste Disposal 
Services 
C. Cleaning Services of 
Exhaust Gases 
D. Noise Abatement Services 
E. Nature and Landscape 
Protection Services 
F. Other Environmental 
Protection Services 
G. Sanitation Services Market access unbound for mode 1 except for environmen tal consultation services.  No limitations 
for mode 2.  For mode 3 foreign service suppliers  permitted only in joint ventures, with foreign 
majority ownership permitted.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES  
A. All Insurance and Insurance 
Related Servicesh Market access under mode 1 unbound except for rein surance, international marine, aviation and 
transport insurance, and brokerage for large-scale commercial risks, international marine aviation and 
transport insurance and reinsurance.  Mode 2 unbound for brokerage, and no limitations on others.  
Mode 3 restrictions on forms of establishment, geographic coverage, and bus iness scope and number 
of licences.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments  No national treatment restrictions for modes 1 and 2.   Mode 3 restrictions with regard to statutory 
insurance business.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 302 
 
 
Service sector Commitments 
B. Banking and Other 
Financial Services (excluding 
insurance and securities)i Market access through mode 1 unbound except for some se rvices listed.  No limitations on mode 2.  
Mode 3 limitations with regard to geographic coverage, clients a nd licensing requirements.  Mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.   Mode 3 geographical rest rictions as listed for 
market access.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
- Motor vehicle financing by non-bank financial institutions Market access through mode 1 unbound except for some services listed.  No limitations on modes 2 
and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
National treatment through mode 1 unbound.  No  limitations on modes 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound 
except for horizontal commitments 
- Other financial servicesj No limitations on market access or national treatme nt for modes 1, 2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except 
for horizontal commitments 
- Securities Market access through mode 1 unbound except that foreign securities institutions may engage 
directly in B shares transactions.  No limitations on mode 2.  Mode 3 unbound except for listed limitations.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 
No limitations on national treatment for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL 
RELATED SERVICES  
A. Hotels (including apartment 
buildings and restaurants) No market access limitations for modes 1 and 2.  For mode 3, investment through joint ventures 
permitted;  no restrictions within four year s of accession.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments;  foreign managers, specialists who have signed contracts with joint-venture hotels 
permitted to provide services in China 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1,  2 and 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
B. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators No market access limitations for modes 1, 2 and 3.   Mode 3 restrictions on form of investment, 
registered capital requirements, and business scope ;  wholly foreign-owned subsidiaries to be 
permitted and geographical a nd business scope restrictions removed within six years after accession.  
Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
 No national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 restrictions restrict joint ventures or 
wholly foreign-owned agencies and operators from providing services for Ch inese travelling abroad 
and to Hong Kong, China, Macao China, and to Chinese Taipei.  Mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments 
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES  
A. Maritime Transport Services 
- International transport 
(freight and passengers except 
cabotage transport services) No market access limitations for mode 1 on liner shipping and bulk, tramp and other international 
shipping.  No limitations on mode 2.  Mode 3 restrictions on establishment of companies for 
operating a fleet under the Chinese national flag.  Mode 4 unbound for ships crew except as under 
horizontal commitments;  restrictions on chairman of  board of directors and other executives of joint 
ventures  
No national treatment limitations for modes 1 a nd 2.  No mode 3 restrictions for companies 
established under the Chinese national flag;  othe r forms of commercial presence unbound.  Mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments 
H. Auxiliary Services 
(a) Maritime cargo-handing 
services 
(c) Customs clearance services 
for maritime transport Limitations on market access and national treatment for mode 1 unbound due to lack of technical 
feasibility.  No limitations on mode 2.  Mode 3 market access permitted only through joint ventures, 
with foreign majority ownership permitted.  No na tional treatment limitations for mode 3.  Mode 4 
for both market access and national treatme nt unbound except for horizontal commitments 
(d) Container station and depot 
services Same as above 
(e) Maritime agency services No market access or national tr eatment restrictions for modes 1 and 2.  Mode 3 market access 
through joint ventures, with foreign equity limite d to 49%.  No national treatment limitation for 
mode 3.  Mode 4 for both market access a nd national treatment unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) China WT/TPR/S/161/Rev.1 
 Page 303 
 
 
Service sector Commitments 
B. Internal Waterways 
Transport 
(b) Freight transport Market access and national treatment for mode 1 limi ted to international shipping in ports open to 
foreign vessels.  No limitations for mode 2 a nd unbound for mode 3.  Mode 4 unbound except for 
horizontal commitments 
C. Air Transport Services 
(d) Aircraft repair and 
maintenance services Market access and national treatment for mode 1 unboun d due to lack of technical feasibility.  No 
limitations for mode 2.  Market access for mode 3 limited to joint ventures with the Chinese partner 
being the dominant shareholder;  licences are s ubject to economic needs test.  For limitations on 
national treatment under mode 3, the joint ventur es are required to conduct their business in the 
international market.  Mode 4 unbound for both market access and national treatment except for 
horizontal commitments 
- Computer reservation system services Market access limitations with regard to mode 1.  No national treatment limitations for mode 1.  No 
limitations on market access or national treatme nt for mode 2.  Mode 3 unbound and mode 4 
unbound except for horizontal commitments 
E. Rail Transport Services 
- Freight transportation by rail F. Road Transport Services - Freight transportation by 
road in trucks or cars No limitations on market access or national treat ment for modes 1 and 2.  Market access through 
mode 3 only through joint ventures with foreign i nvestment restricted to 49%.  For rail transport 
majority ownership and fully foreig n owned subsidiaries to be permi tted with three and six years after 
accession (one and three years respectively for road tr ansport).  No national treatment restrictions for 
mode 3 and mode 4 for market access and na tional treatment unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
H. Services Auxiliary to all Modes of Transport 
- Storage and warehousing 
services Market access and national treatment for mode 1 unboun d;  no limitations on mode 2.  Market access 
through mode 3 only through joint ventures with foreign equity up to 49%;  foreign majority 
ownership to be permitted with in one year of  accession and no limitations within three years of 
accession. No mode 3 limitations on national treatment.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal 
commitments 
- Freight forwarding agency 
services (excluding freight 
inspection) No market access and national treatment limitations for modes 1 and 2.  Market access limitations for 
mode 3.  None for national treatment.  Mode 4 unbound except for horizontal commitments 
a Systems and software consulting services, systems analysis se rvices, systems design services, programming services and system s 
maintenance services. 
b Input preparation services, data processing a nd tabulation services, time sharing services. 
c Offshore oil-field services, geological, geophysical and other scientific prospecting services , sub-surface surveying service s. 
d Electronic mail, voice mail, on-line inform ation and database retrieval, electroni c data interchange, enhanced/value-added 
facsimile services (including store and forward, store and retr ieve), code and prot ocol conversion and on- line information and/ or 
data processing (including transaction processing). 
e Voice services, packet-switched data tran smission services, circuit-switched data transmission services, facsimile services, 
domestic private leased circuit services. 
f Voice services, packet-switched data transmission services, ci rcuit-switched data transmission services, facsimile services, and 
international closed user group voice and data services (use of private leased ci rcuit service is permitted). 
g Primary and secondary education services (excluding national compulsory education), higher education services, adult educatio n 
services and other education services  (including English language training). 
h Life, health and pension/annuities insura nce;  non-life insurance;  reinsurance;  and services  auxiliary to insurance. 
i Acceptance of deposits and other repayabl e funds from the public;  lending of all ty pes, including consumer credit, mortgage 
credit, factoring and financing of commerci al transaction;  financial leasing;  a ll payment and money transmission services, 
including credit, charge, and de bit cards, travellers cheques and bankers draf ts (including import a nd export settlement);  
guarantees and commitments;  and trading for ow n or for customers' account:  foreign exchange. 
j Provision and transfer of financial inform ation and financial data processing and rela ted software by supplier of other finan cial 
services;  advisory, intermediation and ot her auxiliary financial services on all ac tivities listed in subparagraphs (a) throug h 
(k) including credit reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on corpor ate 
restructuring and strategy. 
Note: Mode 1:  cross border supply;  mode 2:  consumption abroad;  mode 3:  commercial presence;  and mode 4:  presence of natu ral 
persons. 
Source:  WTO documents GATS/SC/135, 14 February 2002, GATS/SC/135/Co rr.1, 20 February 2003, and 
GATS/SC/135/Corr.2, 30 November 2004. 
 
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