WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/L/688 
17 July 2007 
 (07-3015) 
General Council 
27 July 2007 Original:   English 
 
 
 
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES' PREFERENCES FOR ALBANIA, BOSNIA AND 
HERZEGOVINA, CROATIA, SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO AND THE FORMER 
YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
 
Report of the European Community un der the Decision of 28 July 20061 
 
 
 The following communication, dated 12 July 2007, is being circulated at the request of the Delegation of the European Commission. 
 
_______________ 
 
 
1. Introduction 
1. On 8 December 2000, the EU was granted a wa iver (WT/L/380) from its obligations under 
paragraph 1 of Article I of the GATT 1994 to the extent necessary to permit the European Community 
to afford duty-free or preferential treatment to e ligible products originating in Albania, Bosnia-
Herzegovina, Croatia, the former  Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro, 
without being required to extend the same duty-free or  preferential treatment to like products of any 
other member.  This waiver expired on 31 December 2006. 
2. With a view to maintaining the current system  in place, the European Community requested 
an extension of the Western Balkans Waiver, whic h was adopted by the WTO General Council at its 
meeting on 27-28 July 2006 (WT/L/654).  This waiver  covers products originating in Albania, Bosnia 
and Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Y ugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro
2 and the 
customs territories of Serbia and of Kosovo.3  The waiver will expire on 31 December 2011. 
3. Under the terms of this waiver, the European Community is required to submit to the General 
Council an annual report on the preferences and dut y-free treatment afforded to products from the 
countries listed in paragraph 1, including the extent  to which such preferen ces and duty-free treatment 
differ from the European Communities' MFN and G SP concessions, with a view to facilitating the 
annual review provided for in paragr aph 4 of Article IX of the WTO Agreement.  This report covers 
the calendar year 2006. 
4. The EU trade regime vis-à-vis  these countries is currently regulated by the granting of 
autonomous trade preferences and by the conclusion of Stabilization and Association Agreements.  
5. As of 1 May 2004, the ten new EU Member States took over the above-mentioned EU trade 
regime towards the Western Balkans. To reflect this development, trade statistics presented below 
                                                      
1 WT/L/654. 
2 Montenegro held a referendum on independence on 21 May 2006 and declared its independence on 
3 June 2006. 
3 Pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244. WT/L/688 
Page 2  
 
  were recalculated for the EU at 25 Member States. As data for the full current year are not yet 
available, statistics presented relate to the year 2006. 
2. Autonomous trade preferences 
6. Before 2000, the European Union already had a liberal trade regime towards the Western 
Balkans, allowing more than 80 per cent of regional exports to enter the European Union duty-free.  
On 1 December 2000 the EU Council of Ministers ex tended the duty-free access to the EU market for 
products originating from this area even further. 
7. The reason for such an extension was that th e general level of imports from the Western 
Balkans countries remained very low, being less than  one per cent of all Community imports.  It was, 
therefore, considered appropriate to further im prove the Community's autonomous trade preferences 
by removing all remaining tariff ceilings for indu strial and agricultural products and by further 
improving access to the Community market for agricultural and fishery products. 
8. Further market opening is expected to contribute to the process of political and economic 
stabilisation in the region.  Fully liberalized access  to the markets of the European Union is also 
foreseen as part of the Stabilization and Association Agreements. 
3. The Stabilization and Association Agreements 
9. The Stabilization and Association Agreements, which the EU is progressively concluding 
with the countries of the Western Balkans, are tools  which provide, much as the Europe Agreements 
did for the candidate countries in Central Euro pe, for the economic development and political 
stabilisation of the countries in the region, and to establish a close, long-term association between the 
EU and the Western Balkans. 
10. The Stabilization and Association Agreements aim at creating a free trade area for goods 
among the parties over a transitional period in line with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 and 
envisages a progressive and reciprocal liberalisation of trade in services. Associated disciplines in 
areas such as competition and state aid rules, intell ectual property, public procurement, etc. are also 
envisaged. 
11. Three agreements of this kind have been conc luded so far.  One with the former Yugoslav 
Republic of Macedonia, one with Croatia and, more recently, one with Albania.  The trade provisions 
of these agreements entered into fo rce on, respectively, 1 June 2001  for the former Yugoslav Republic 
of Macedonia and 1 March 2002 for Croatia and 1
 December 2006, by means of interim agreements. 
All three agreements establish a free trade area with the concerned country in line with the obligations 
foreseen in Article XXIV of the GATT 1994.  At th e same time they allow the continuation of the 
autonomous preferences where these provide more fa vourable conditions for the export of the goods 
originating in Croatia, the former Yugos lav Republic of Macedonia and Albania.  
12. The Stabilization and Association Agreemen t with the former Yugoslav Republic of 
Macedonia entered into force on 1 April 2004.  That  with Croatia entered in force on 1 February 
2005. The Stabilization and Association Agreemen t with Albania is undergoing ratification. 
4. Trade with the countries of the Western Balkans 
13. In the year 2006 EU imports from the Western Ba lkans concentrated primarily on agricultural 
and textile products. However, the trade balance fo r the countries of the Western Balkans remained 
negative for all sectors.  Total trade with the Wester n Balkans remained also low, at 1.3 per cent of 
total EU trade with the rest of the world.  The stabilization of the area and the new export  WT/L/688 
 Page 3 
 
 
  opportunities described in the precedent paragraphs  should help the Western Balkans countries to 
diversify their economies and to am eliorate such a trade balance. 
14. Statistical annexes are provided to present a de tailed description of the EU trade relations 
with the countries of the Western Balkans for the year 2006.4  The first annex describes the trade 
relations with the countries of the Western Balkan s as a whole, while the remaining annexes describe 
in detail the trade relations with each country of the region. 
                                                      
4 To a large extent, separate statistics for Serbia a nd Montenegro are not availa ble yet. That is why we 
also present some updated statistics on Serbia and Montenegro together. WT/L/688 
Page 4  
 
   
ANNEX 1: WESTERN BALKANS 
 
 
 
POPULATION in Mio 
(2006)  24.0 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  265 
Gross Domestic Product 
in Bn euro (2005)  70 
GDP Per Capita  in euro 
(2005)  2,917 
 
 
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH WESTERN BALKANS 
 
 
 IMPORTS 
 EXPORTS 
 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 5,532 0.6 12,468 1.5 6,936 
2002 6,238 0.67 16,788 1.86 10,551 
2003 6,641 0.71 17,274 1.97 10,663 
2004 7,819 0.76 19,530 2.03 11,711 
2005 7,551 0.64 17,648 1.66 10,097 
2006 8,058 0.64 17,656 1.50 9,599 
 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS IN 2006  
 
 
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
 
Products Value 
(mio €) Western 
Balkan's 
share by 
product  
Products Value 
(mio €) Western 
Balkan's 
share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural products 1,064 1.2 Agricultural 
products 1,795 2.5 731 
Energy 226 0.1 Energy 954 2.0 727 
Machinery 1,091 0.4 Machinery 3,587 1.1 2,495 
Transport. 
Material 461 0.5 Transport. 
Material 2,268 1.3 1,807 
Chemical 
products 446 0.4 Chemical 
products 2,169 1.2 1,723 
Textiles and 
clothing 1,088 1.3 Textiles and 
clothing 1,319 3.6 232 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) FMI (DOTS) WEFA (WMM). 
  WT/L/688 
 Page 5 
 
 
   
 
ANNEX 2: ALBANIA 
 
  
POPULATION in Mio 
(2006)  4 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  29 
Gross Domestic Product 
in Bn euro (2006)  8 
GDP Per Capita  in euro 
(2006)  2,118 
 
  
EU-25 TRADE WITH ALBANIA 
  
 
 IMPORTS 
Rank 2006: 90 EXPORTS 
Rank 2006: 65 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 279 0.03 836 0.1 557 
2002 336 0.04 1,117 0.12 781 
2003 360 0.04 1,115 0.13 755 
2004 397 0.04 1,218 0.13 821 
2005 459 0.04 1,321 0.12 862 
2006 494 0.04 1,436 0.12 942 
 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS IN 2006 
 
 
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
 
Products Value 
(mio €) Albania's 
share by 
product  
Products Value 
(mio €) Albania's 
share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural products 46 0.1 Agricultural 
products 207 0.3 161 
Energy 21 0.00 Energy 116 0.2 95 
Machinery 20 0.01 Machinery 240 0.08 220 
Transport. 
Material 3 0.00 Transport. 
Material 80 0.05 77 
Chemical 
products 1 0.00 Chemical 
products 151 0.08 150 
Textiles and 
clothing 128 0.2 Textiles and 
clothing 173 0.5 45 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. 
Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) IMF (DOTS) WEFA (WMM).  WT/L/688 
Page 6  
 
  PLACE OF ALBANIA IN EU TRADE (2006) 
 
 
 
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share of 
total 
(%) 
Total 90 494 0.04 100.0 65 1,436 0.12 100.0 
Agricultural 
products 109 23 0.03 4.6 51 188 0.29 13.1 
Energy 65 21 0.01 4.2 39 116 0.2 8.1 
Non agr. 
Raw 
materials 74 0 0.00 0.0 62 7 0.1 0.5 
Office 
machinery and telec 
equipment 58 4 0.00 0.9 80 63 0.07 4.4 
Power 
generating 
machinery 62 8 0.00 1.6 84 108 0.08 7.5 
Transport 
materials 88 3 0.00 0.5 92 80 0.0 5.6 
Chemicals 104 1 0.00 0.2 67 151 0.08 10.5 
Textiles 
and 
clothing 45 128 0.16 25.9 35 173 0.46 12.1 
Iron and 
steel 55 10 0.00 2.0 67 33 0.1 2.3 
 
Source:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT). 
  WT/L/688 
 Page 7 
 
 
  ANNEX 3: BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA 
 
  
POPULATION in Mio 
(2006)  4 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  51 
 
Gross Domestic Product 
in Bn euro (2005)  8 
GDP Per Capita  in euro 
(2006)  2,080 
 
  
EU-25 TRADE WITH BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA  
  
 IMPORTS 
Rank 2006: 63 EXPORTS 
Rank 2006: 54 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 610 0.06 1,853 0.22 1,243 
2002 719 0.08 2,273 0.25 1,554 
2003 847 0.09 2,190 0.25 1,343 
2004 984 0.10 2,347 0.24 1,363 
2005 1,328 0.11 2,714 0.26 1,386 
2006 1,648 0.11 2,639 0.2 990 
 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS IN 2006  
 
 
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
 
Products Value 
(mio €) Bosnia's 
share by 
product  
Products Value 
(mio €) Bosnia's 
share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural 
products 168 0.18 Agricultural 
products 331 0.56 163 
Energy 17 0.01 Energy 103 0.24 86 
Machinery 157 0.1 Machinery 493 0.17 336 
Transport. 
Material 173 0.20 Transport. 
Material 301 0.19 127 
Chemical 
products 47 0.04 Chemical 
products 306 0.18 259 
Textiles and 
clothing 132 0.17 Textiles and 
clothing 181 0.57 49 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. 
Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) FMI (DOTS) WEFA (WMM).  
 WT/L/688 
Page 8  
 
  PLACE OF BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA IN EU TRADE (2006) 
  
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share of 
total 
(%) 
Total 63 1,648 0.12 100.0 54 2,639 0.23 100.0 
Agricultural 
products 83 75 0.11 4.5 39 319 0.48 12.1 
Energy 69 17 0.01 1.0 40 103 0.21 3.9 
Non agr. 
Raw 
materials 51 1 0.01 0.0 42 21 0.39 0.8 
Office 
machinery 
and telec equipment 65 3 0.00 0.2 68 104 0.11 4.0 
Power 
generating 
machinery 31 135 0.17 8.2 62 282 0.15 10.7 
Transport 
materials 33 173 0.18 10.5 59 301 0.2 11.4 
Chemicals 56 47 0.04 2.9 52 306 0.16 11.4 
Textiles 
and clothing 43 132 0.16 8.0 30 181 0.49 11.6 
Iron and 
steel 39 98 0.33 6.0 50 95 0.28 3.6 
 
Source:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT).  WT/L/688 
 Page 9 
 
 
  ANNEX 4: CROATIA 
 
 
POPULATION in Mio 
(2005)  4.5 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  57 
Gross Domestic Product 
in Bn euro (2006)  32 
 
GDP Per Capita  in euro 
(2006)  7,099 
 
  
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH CROATIA  
 
 
 IMPORTS 
Rank 2006: 44 EXPORTS 
Rank 2006: 24 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 2,860 0.29 5,893 0.69 3,033 
2002 3,078 0.33 8,261 0.92 5,183 
2003 3,301 0.35 8,889 1.01 5,587 
2004 3,928 0.38 9,785 1.01 5,857 
2005 3,979 0.34 10,402 0.98 6,423 
2006 4,762 0.4 12,058 1.0 7,295 
 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS IN 2006 
 
 
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
 
Products Value 
(mio €) Croatia's 
share by 
product  
Products Value 
(mio €) Croatia's 
share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural products 692 0.8 Agricultural 
products 1,089 1.5 397 
Energy 177 0.1 Energy 685 1.4 508 
Machinery 882 0.3 Machinery 2,624 0.8 1,742 
Transport. 
Material 275 0.3 Transport. 
Material 1,727 1.0 1,453 
Chemical 
products 389 0.4 Chemical 
products 1,488 0.8 1,099 
Textiles and 
clothing 458 0.65 Textiles and 
clothing 677 1.8 219 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. 
Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) IMF (DOTS) WEFA (WMM). 
 WT/L/688 
Page 10  
 
  PLACE OF CROATIA IN EU TRADE (2006) 
  
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share of 
total 
(%) 
Total 44 4763 0.4 100.0 24 12058 1.0 100.0 
Agricultural 
products 36 452 0.7 9.5 17 982 1.5 8.1 
Energy 51 177 0.1 3.7 13 685 1.4 5.7 
Non agr. 
Raw 
materials 28 16 0.2 0.3 38 26 0.5 0.2 
Office 
machinery 
and telec equipment 30 116 0.1 2.4 32 609 0.7 5.0 
Power 
generating 
machinery 22 355 0.5 7.4 28 1368 0.7 11.3 
Transport 
materials 27 275 0.3 5.8 19 1727 1.0 14.3 
Chemicals 25 389 0.4 8.2 25 1488 0.8 12.3 
Textiles 
and clothing 26 458 0.6 9.6 16 677 1.8 5.6 
Iron and 
steel 45 37 0.1 0.8 18 487 1.4 4.0 
 
Source:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT). 
  WT/L/688 
 Page 11 
 
 
  ANNEX 5: FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
 
 
POPULATION in Mio 
(2005)  2.1 
 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  26 
 
Gross Domestic Product 
in Bn euro (2005)  4 
 
GDP Per Capita  in euro 
(2005)  1,954 
 
 
 
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
 
 
 IMPORTS 
Rank 2006: 69 EXPORTS 
Rank 2006: 63 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 813 0.08 1,584 0.18 771 
2002 593 0.06 1,264 0.14 671 
2003 674 0.07 1,152 0.13 478 
2004 777 0.08 1,253 0.13 476 
2005 948 0.08 1,343 0.13 395 
2006 1,153 0.1 1,524 0.1 371 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS IN 2006 
  
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
 
Products Value 
(mio €) The Former 
Yugoslav 
Republic of 
Macedonia's 
share by 
product  
Products Value 
(mio €) The Former 
Yugoslav 
Republic of 
Macedonia's 
share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural products 157 0.2 Agricultural 
products 168 0.2 11 
Energy 12 0.00 Energy 51 0.1 39 
Machinery 32 0.01 Machinery 229 0.1 198 
Transport. 
Material 11 0.01 Transport. 
Material 161 0.1 150 
Chemical 
products 9 0.01 Chemical 
products 224 0.10 216 
Textiles and 
clothing 370 0.5 Textiles and 
clothing 288 0.8 -82 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. 
Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) IMF (DOTS) WEFA (WMM). WT/L/688 
Page 12  
 
   
PLACE OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA IN EU TRADE (2006) 
 
 
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%) 
Total 69 1,153 0.08 100.0 63 1,524 0.13 100.0 
Agricultural 
products 60 147 0.22 12.7 56 162 0.2 10.6 
Energy 70 12 0.00 1.0 53 51 0.1 3.3 
Non agr. 
Raw 
materials 68 0 0.00 0.0 87 2 0.0 0.0 
Office 
machinery and telec 
equipment 72 2 0.00 0.2 75 74 0.1 4.8 
Power 
generating 
machinery 60 11 0.01 0.9 82 113 0.1 7.4 
Transport 
materials 73 11 0.01 0.9 70 161 0.1 10.5 
Chemicals 73 9 0.01 0.7 56 224 0.1 14.7 
Textiles 
and 
clothing 28 370 0.45 32.1 24 288 0.8 18.9 
Iron and 
steel 21 415 1.4 36.0 48 96 0.3 6.3 
 
Source: EUROSTAT (COMEXT). 
  WT/L/688 
 Page 13 
 
 
  ANNEX 6: SERBIA 
 
  
POPULATION in Mio 
(2005)  9.4 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  88 
Gross Domestic Product 
for Serbia and 
Montenegro in Bn euro 
(2005)  21 
GDP Per Capita for 
Serbia and Montenegro  
in euro (2005)  2,533 
 
 
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH SERBIA AN D MONTENEGRO UNTIL 2005 
  
 IMPORTS 
Rank 2005: 56 EXPORTS 
Rank 2005: 34 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2000 970 0.1 2,302 0.27 1,332 
2002 1,511 0.16 3,873 0.43 2,362 
2003 1,459 0.16 3,929 0.45 2,470 
2004 1,732 0.17 4,927 0.51 3,195 
2005 2,107 0.18 4,812 0.45 2,706 
 
 
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH SERBIA IN 2006 
 
 
 IMPORTS 
 EXPORTS 
 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2006 2,693 0.2 5,490 0.47 2,797 
 
  WT/L/688 
Page 14  
 
  MAIN PRODUCTS (SERBIA) IN 2006  
  
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
Products Value 
(mio €) Share by 
product Products Value 
(mio €) Share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural 
products 519 19.3 Agricultural 
products 290 5.3 -229 
Energy 22 0.85 Energy 181 3.3 159 
Machinery 192 7.1 Machinery 1427 26.0 1234 
Transport. 
Material 63 2.3 Transport. 
Material 674 12.3 611 
Chemical 
products 209 7.8 Chemical 
products 867 15.8 658 
Textiles and 
clothing 244 9.1 Textiles and 
clothing 339 6.2 95 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) IMF (DOTS) WEFA (WMM). 
 
 
PLACE OF SERBIA IN EU TRADE (2006) 
 
 
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%) 
Total 55 2,693 0.2 100.0 35 5,490 0.5 100.0 
Agricultural 
products 34 519 0.77 19.3 43 290 0.4 5.3 
Energy 63 22 0.01 0.8 33 181 0.4 3.3 
Non agr. 
Raw materials 22 23 0.33 0.9 37 29 0.6 0.5 
Office 
machinery 
and telec 
equipment 37 20 0.01 0.7 42 348 0.4 6.3 
Power 
generating machinery 33 127 0.16 4.7 41 835 0.4 15.2 
Transport 
materials 50 63 0.07 2.3 40 674 0.4 12.3 
Chemicals 37 209 0.19 7.8 34 867 0.5 15.8 
Textiles 
and 
clothing 32 244 0.3 9.1 23 339 0.9 6.2 
Iron and 
steel 18 492 1.66 18.3 38 166 0.5 3.0 
 
Source:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT).  WT/L/688 
 Page 15 
 
 
  ANNEX 7: MONTENEGRO 
 
 
POPULATION in Mio 
(2006)  0.6 
AREA in 1,000skm 
(2006)  14 
 
 
EU-25 TRADE WITH MO NTENEGRO IN 2006 
  
 IMPORTS 
 EXPORTS 
 TRADE 
BALANCE 
 Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) Share of EU 
total (%) Value (mio €) 
2006 292 0.02 519 0.04 226 
 
 
MAIN PRODUCTS (MONTEN EGRO) IN 2006  
 
 
EU IMPORTS 
 EU EXPORTS BALANCE 
Products Value 
(mio €) Share by 
product Products Value 
(mio €) Share by 
product Value 
(mio €) 
Agricultural 
products 4 1.5 Agricultural 
products 82 15.8 78 
Energy NA NA Energy NA NA NA 
Machinery 4 1.4 Machinery 120 23.1 116 
Transport. 
Material 1 0.3 Transport. 
Material 44 8.4 43 
Chemical 
products 1 0.2 Chemical 
products 39 7.4 38 
Textiles and 
clothing 2 0.7 Textiles and 
clothing 23 4.4 21 
 
World*:  Intra-EU excluded. 
Sources:  EUROSTAT (COMEXT, CRONOS) IMF (DOTS) WEFA (WMM). 
  
 WT/L/688 
Page 16  
 
  PLACE OF MONTENEGRO IN EU TRADE (2006) 
 
 
EU IMPORTS EU EXPORTS 
 
Products  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share 
of total 
(%)  
Rank Value 
€M Share by 
products 
(%) Share of 
total 
(%) 
Total 111 292 0.02 100.0 100 8,519 0 0.04 
Agricultural 
products 138 4 0.00 1.5 84 82 0.1 15.8 
Energy 115 0 0.00 0 51 75 0.2 14.4 
Non agr. 
Raw 
materials 71 0.1 0.00 0.0 127 0 0 0.0 
Office 
machinery 
and telec equipment 93 1 0.00 0.4 89 44 0.0 8.5 
Power 
generating 
machinery 88 2 0.00 0.8 104 46 0.00 9.0 
Transport 
materials 108 1 0.00 0.3 111 44 0.00 8.4 
Chemicals 120 1 0.00 0.2 106 39 0.00 7.4 
Textiles 
and clothing 97 2 0.00 0.7 69 23 0.1 4.4 
Iron and 
steel 50 18 0.00 6.0 105 7 0.00 1.3 
 
__________