Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New 
Zealand (Maximum Residue Limits of 
Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 
2008 
NZFSA Public Discussion Paper 06/08 
August 2008 
 
Online 
ISBN number 978-0-478-32236-1 
ISSN number 1177-7478Print 
ISBN number 978-0-478-32235-4 
ISSN number 1174-961X Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
 
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER  
 
Every effort has been made to ensure the information in this report is accurate. 
 
NZFSA does not accept any responsibility or liabilit y whatsoever for any error of fact, omission, 
interpretation or opinion that may be present, however it may have occurred. 
 
Further copies 
 
Requests for further copies should be directed to:   
 
New Zealand Food Safety Authority 
P O Box 2835 
WELLINGTON 
Telephone: (04) 894-2500 
Fax: (04) 894-2583 
 
 
Website 
 
A copy of this document can be found at: http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/policy-law/consultation/index.htm  
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
2Submissions  
NZFSA seeks submissions from all interested parties on any aspect of the document.  The 
following points may be of assistance in preparing comments: 
• Wherever possible, comment should be specific to a particular section in the document.  All 
major sections are numbered and these numbers should be used to link comments to the document. 
• Omissions should be clearly and separately indicated. 
• Comments should be to the point and, wher e possible, reasons and data to support 
comment are requested. 
• The use of examples to illustrate  particular points is encouraged. 
• As a number of copies may be made of your  comments, please use good quality type, pr 
make sure the comments are clearly had-written in black or blue ink. 
Please include the following information in your submission: 
• The title of the discussion document; 
• Your name and title (if applicable); 
• Your Organization’s name (if applicable); 
• Your address; 
• The number(s) of the sections you are commenting on. 
Please submit your response by 5:00pm on 22 October 2008 to: 
MRL Amendments, Policy Group, New Zealand Food Safety Authority 
PO Box 2835, Wellington, fax: (04) 894 2583, or email: policy@nzfsa.govt.nz
 
The Official Information Act 1982 (the OIA) stat es that information is to be made available 
unless there are grounds for withholding it.  The grounds for withholding information are outlined 
in the OIA.  Submitters may wish to indicate  any grounds for withholding information contained 
in their submission.  Reasons for withholding information could include that information is 
commercially sensitive or that  the submitters wish personal information such as names or 
contact details to be withheld.  NZFSA will take  such indications into account when determining 
whether or not to release information.  Any decis ion to withhold information requested under the 
OIA may be reviewed by the Ombudsman. 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
3Table of Contents 
Table of Co ntents.................................................................................................... 3  
Introducti on............................................................................................................. 4  
Backgrou nd............................................................................................................. 4  
Summary of Proposed  Amendment...................................................................... 6  
Next Steps ............................................................................................................... 6  
1 Proposal to set MR Ls for Boscalid............................................................. 7  
2 Proposal to set MRLs  for Clomazone......................................................... 9  
3 Proposal to set an MRL for Cy prodinil ..................................................... 11  
4 Proposal to set an MRL f or Emamectin benzoate................................... 13  
5 Proposal to set MRLs for Fenbendazole.................................................. 15  
6 Proposal to set MRLs  for Mandipropamid ............................................... 18  
7 Proposal to set MRLs  for Mone pantel...................................................... 20  
8 Proposal set an MRL for 1- Naphthylacet ic acid...................................... 22  
9 Proposal to set MRLs for Oxfendazole .................................................... 24  
10 Proposal to set an MRL for Pyraclos trobin ............................................. 27  
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
4Introduction 
The New Zealand Food Safety Authority (NZFSA) invites public comment on this discussion 
document which outlines proposals to amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Limits of 
Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008.  
Maximum residue limits (MRLs) are the maximum legal limits for residues of agricultural 
compounds and veterinary medicines in food for sale in New Zealand.   
MRLs are primarily a tool for monitoring the us e of agricultural compounds in accordance with 
good agricultural practice (GAP).  GAP is not explic itly defined or regulated, but is the generally 
accepted means for producing safe primary produc e in a particular location while taking account 
of climate, pests or diseases an d other environmental factors.   
MRLs are used to minimise risks to public health by ensuring that chemical residues in food are 
as low as practicable, without compromising the ability of the chem ical to succes sfully do what 
is intended.  
Background 
MRLs are set out in the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards. The Standards are amended a number  of times each year to reflect changes 
in the use of agricultural compounds in the production of food.  The current MRL Food 
Standards 2008 are on the NZFSA website at: http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/policy-
law/legislation/food-standards/index.htm  
NZFSA administers the MRL Standards, but the final decision on any changes to the Standards 
rests with the Minister for Food Safety.  Under section 11E of the Food Act, when amending or 
issuing the MRL Standards, the Minister must take into account the following: 
• the need to protect public health 
• the desirability of avoiding unnecessary restrictions on trade 
• the desirability of maintaining consistency between New Zealand's food standards and 
those applying internationally 
• New Zealand's obligations under any relevant international treaty, agreement, convention, 
or protocol, and, in particular, under the Australia-New Zealand Joint Food Standards 
Agreement 
• such other matters as the Minister considers appropriate.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
5The proposed MRLs have been thoroughly assessed in accordance with international 
methodologies such as those utilised by the expe rt committees advising the Codex Alimentarius 
Commission (Codex).  Information on the technica l assessment of each proposal is included in 
this document and covers the following:  
• rationale 
• chemical information 
• good agricultural practice (GAP) 
• residues information 
• dietary risk assessment 
• toxicological / public health assessment 
• international MRLs. 
Possible implications for public health are considered during the toxicological and dietary risk 
assessments, by comparing the esti mated dietary intake with a Potential Daily Exposure (food) 
(PDEfood) or wher e there is no PDE food, by comparing it with the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI).  
PDE food and ADI are described below.   
A PDE food or Potential Daily Exposure (food), is a value determined by a toxicological evaluation 
by Environmental Risk Management Authority New Zealand (ERMA NZ) as part of its 
responsibilities u nder the Hazar dous Substances and New Org anisms Act (the HSNO Act), 
which has some resp onsibility for managing public health.1  A PDE food gives the potential daily 
exposure a person may be subject to from a substance, via food.  NZFSA uses a PDE food, rather 
than the internationally-determined ADI, where a PDE food is available, due to the HSNO Act in 
New Zealand.  The ADI and PDE food are largely equivalent, as th ey are determined using the 
same set of toxicology data and in a very similar scientific process. 
An ADI or Acceptable Daily Intake is defined by  the World Health Organization (WHO) as: “The 
daily intake which, during an entire lifetime, app ears to be without appreciable risk on the basis 
of all the known facts at the time”.  “Without  appreciable risk” has been further defined as: “the 
practical certainty that injury will not result  even after a lifetime of exposure”.  ADIs are 
established by the WHO and Food and Agricultur e Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 
joint expert committees, made up of toxicologists and residue specialists.  The ADI information 
from these joint committees also feeds into  Codex, which sets international MRLs. 
                                                      
 
1The purpose of the HSNO Act 1996 is “to protect the environment, and the health and safety of people and communities, by 
preventing or managing the adver se effects of hazardous subs tances and new organisms”.    Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
6Summary of Proposed Amendment 
NZFSA has reviewed the estimated dietary exposur e assessments for the applications of these 
proposals and has determined that the residues  associated with the proposed MRLs do not 
present any public health and safety concerns. 
New MRLs 
NZFSA proposes to add the following new MRLs to the Standards:  
• Boscalid in grapes (5mg/kg) and in pome fruits (0.05mg/kg); 
• Clomazone in brassica vegetables (0 .01mg/kg) and in carrots (0.02mg/kg); 
• Cyprodinil in stone fruit (exc ept cherries) (0.02mg/kg);  
• Emamectin benzoate in avocados (0.005mg/kg); 
• Fenbendazole in mammalian fat (0.05mg/kg), mammalian kidney (0.05mg/kg), mammalian 
liver (0.5mg/kg), mammalian  muscle (0.05mg/kg); 
• Mandipropamid in bulb onions (0.01mg/kg) and in green onions (0.2mg/kg); 
• Monepantel in sheep fat (7mg/kg), sheep liver (5mg/kg), sheep kidney (2mg/kg) and in 
sheep muscle (0.7mg/kg); 
• 1-Naphthylacetic in mandarins (Satsuma and Encore) (0.01mg/kg); 
• Oxfendazole in mammalian fat (0.05mg/kg),  mammalian kidney (0.05mg/kg), mammalian 
liver (0.5mg/kg), mammalian  muscle (0.05mg/kg); 
• Pyraclostrobin in  grapes (3mg/kg). 
Next Steps 
Following the closing date for submissions (5:00pm on Wednesday 22 October 2008), all 
submissions will be considered a nd analysed before a recommendation is made to the Minister 
for Food Safety, the Hon Lianne Dalziel, w ho makes the final decision on issuing any 
amendments to the Food Standards.   
If an amendment is agreed upon, it will be signed by  the Minister for Food Safety and will come 
into force 28 days after being published in the New Zealand Gazette.   Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
71 Proposal to set MRLs for Boscalid  
It is proposed that MRLs are set fo r boscalid when used as a fungicide for grapes and pome fruits.  It 
is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (M RL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to include the 
following; this will be the resulting entry for boscalid in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 
2008:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Boscalid 188425-85-6 Boscalid Grapes 
Pome fruits 5 
0.05* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale  
The proposed MRLs for boscalid represent the regist ration in New Zealand of a new active ingredient. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the new use of boscalid as a fungicide on pome fruits and grapes to 
the application rates and withholding pe riods that are approved good agricultural practice (GAP) in 
New Zealand (see below).  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Boscalid 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 188425-85-6 
Type of compound Carboxamide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Boscalid is proposed for use as a fungicide for grapes.  Application may be throughout pre-flowering to 
pre-harvest, at rate of 378gai/ha with  a withholding period of 28 days.   
Boscalid is proposed for use as a fungicide for pome fruits.  Application may be up to 2 times 
throughout early to mid growing season at 7-10 day intervals , at 12.6gai/ha with a withholding period 
of: do not apply after 90% petal fall.   
Residues Information 
Residue data for grapes supports an MRL of 5mg/kg at 28 days after the last treatment.  An MRL of 
5mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
8Residue data for pome fruits supports a limit of quantification MRL of 0.05 mg/kg when treatment is 
prior to 100% petal fall.  An MRL of 0.05mg /kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Animal Transfer:  Apple pomace, grape pomace and vineyard waste may be fed to animals, however 
given the expected consumption level of boscalid in these commodities it would not be expected that 
residues would be detectable in animal product commodities. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where 
a value has been set. The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority 
(ERMA), and represents the proportion of the accept able daily exposure to a substance via the food 
route as relevant to the New Zealand population.  T he methodology for calculation of these values is 
set out in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 6,  8, and 9 Controls) Regulations 2001 which can be 
found at: www.legislation.govt.nz .  
The chronic dietary exposure to boscalid is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake (NEDI) 
calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data based upon 
the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of Australia, for 
children. The NEDI calculation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting dietary intake of 
pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for boscalid is equivalent to 11% of the PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of boscalid as a fungicide for use on grapes and pome fruits, 
according to the GAP specified above, is very unlik ely to pose any health risks from consumption of 
the harvested commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRLs represent a barrier to their trade. Acceptable Daily Exposure (ADE) 0.04mg/kg bw/day 
ERMA NZ PDE (food ) 0.028mg/kg bw/day  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
92 Proposal to set MRLs for Clomazone  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for Clomazone when used as a herbicide for brassica vegetables and 
carrots. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to 
include:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Clomazone 81777-89-1 Clomazone Brassica 
vegetables 
Carrots  
0.01* 
0.02 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale  
The proposed MRLs represent new use patterns in New Zealand for the active ingredient clomazone. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the new uses of clomazone as a herbicide on brassica vegetables 
and carrots to the application rate s and withholding periods that are approved good agricultural 
practice (GAP) in New Zealand (see below). 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Clomazone 
Use of compound Herbicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 81777-89-1 
Type of compound Isoxazolidinone 
Administration method Ground spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Clomazone is proposed for use as a herbicide for brassica vegetables and carrots.  Application may 
be after sowing up to crop emergence, at 90-120ga i/ha with a withholding period of 40 days for 
brassicas and 90 days for carrots. 
Residues Information 
Residue data for vegetable brassicas supports a limit of quantification MRL of 0.01mg/kg at 40 days 
after the last treatment.  An MRL of 0.01mg /kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Residue data for carrots supports an MRL of 0.02mg/kg at 90 days after the last treatment.  An MRL of 
0.02mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
10Animal Transfer:  Brassica vegetables are cons idered a primary animal feed; however, given that no 
residues are expected in forage brassicas, residues will not be expected to accumulate in animal 
products. No animal commodity MRLs ar e therefore proposed at this time. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily intake  (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to clomazone is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for a dults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for clomazone is equivalent to 0.8% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of clomazone as a herbicide for use on brassica vegetables and 
carrots, according to the GAP specified above, is  very unlikely to pose any health risks from 
consumption of the harvested commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
The Netherlands   
Clomazone All food 0.01* 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRLs represent a barrier to their trade. 
 Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.03mg/kg bw/day  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
113 Proposal to set an MRL for Cyprodinil  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for cyprodinil when used as a fungicide for stonefruit (except 
cherries). It is proposed that Schedule One of  the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended by 
deleting the following entry:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cyprodinil 121552-61-2 Cyprodinil Nectarines 
Peaches 0.02 
0.02 
 
As a replacement for the deleted entry, it is pr oposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2008 be amended to include: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cyprodinil 121552-61-2 Cyprodinil Stonefruit (except 
cherries) 0.02* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
The final entry for cyprodinil in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 will therefore 
read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cyprodinil 121552-61-2 Cyprodinil Grapes 
Pome fruits 
Stonefruit (except cherries) 0.2 
0.01 
0.02* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents a new use pattern in New Zealand for the active ingredient cyprodinil. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the new uses of cyprodinil as a fungicide on stonefruit to the 
application rates and withholding periods that are ap proved good agricultural practice (GAP) in New 
Zealand (see below). 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Cyprodinil 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 121552-61-2 
Type of compound Pyrimidine  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
12Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Cyprodinil is proposed for use as a fungicide for apri cots.  Application may be up to 4 times until 90% 
petal fall, at 15gai/100L with a withholding period of: do not apply after 90% petal fall. 
Residues Information 
Residue data for apricots supports an MRL of 0. 02mg/kg at approximately 76 days after the last 
treatment.  A limit of quantification MRL of 0.02mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.  The MRL 
is proposed to be combined with current MRLs for peaches and nectarines to establish a crop group 
MRL of 0.02mg/kg for stonef ruit (except cherries). 
Animal Transfer:  Stonefruit are not primary animal feeds, therefore no animal commodity MRLs are 
proposed. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.027mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to cyprodinil is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for a dults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for cyprodinil is equivalent to 0.3% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of cyprodinil as a fungicide for use on stonefruit, according to the 
GAP specified above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks from consum ption of the harvested 
commodity. 
Other International MRLs 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the Wo rld Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
134 Proposal to set an MRL for Emamectin 
benzoate  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for emamectin benzoa te when used as an insecticide for avocados. It 
is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to include:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Emamectin benzoate 155569-91-8 Sum of: 
emamectin B1a 
emamectin B1b 
(Z)-8,9 emamectin 
B1a (Z)-8,9 emamectin 
B1b 
Expressed as: 
emamectin Avocados 0.005 
 
The final entry for emamectin benzoate in Schedul e One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 will 
therefore read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Emamectin benzoate 155569-91-8 Sum of: 
emamectin B1a emamectin B1b 
(Z)-8,9 emamectin B1a 
(Z)-8,9 emamectin 
B1b Expressed as: 
emamectin Avocados 
Grapes 
Kiwifruit 
Pome fruits 0.005 
0.002* 
0.002* 
0.001* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents new use patterns in Ne w Zealand for the active ingredient emamectin 
benzoate. The proposed MRLs will manage the new uses of emamectin benzoate as an insecticide on 
avocados to the application rates and withholding per iods that are approved good agricultural practice 
(GAP) in New Zealand (see below). 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Emamectin benzoate 
Use of compound Insecticide  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
14Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 155569-91-8 
Type of compound Avermectin 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Emamectin benzoate is proposed for use as an insecticide for avocados.  Application may be 
throughout plant growth, at a rate of 0.2gai/ 100L with a withholding period of 14 days.   
Residues Information  
Residue data for avocados support an  MRL of 0.005mg/kg at 14 days after the last treatment.  An 
MRL of 0.005mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Animal Transfer:  Avocados are not recognised as a significant animal feed crop, therefore no animal 
commodity MRLs are proposed. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.002mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to emamectin benzoat e is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary 
Intake (NEDI) calculation encompassing all regist ered uses of the chemical and food consumption 
data based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Surv ey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition 
Survey of Australia, for children. The NEDI calculation is made in accordance with Guidelines for 
predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for emamectin benzoate is equivalent to 0.08%  of the ADI.  It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposure is sma ll and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of emamectin benzoate as an insecticide for use on avocados, 
according to the GAP specified above, is very unlik ely to pose any health risks from consumption of 
the harvested commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the Wo rld Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
15 
5 Proposal to set MRLs for Fenbendazole 
It is proposed that MRLs are set for fenbendazole wh en used as a veterinary medicine for cattle, deer, 
goats, horses and sheep.  It is proposed that Sc hedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be 
amended by deleting the following MRLs:   
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Fenbendazole 43210-67-9 Sum of: 
Fenbenzole Oxfendazole 
Fenbendazole sulphone Expressed as: 
Fenbendazole 
sulphone Liver 
Meat 0.5 
0.01 
 
As a replacement for the deleted MRLs, it is pro posed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2008 be amended to include the following, this will be the resulting entry for fenbendazole in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008:   
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Fenbendazole 43210-67-9 Sum of: 
Fenbendazole 
Oxfendazole 
Fenbendazole 
sulphone Expressed as: 
Fenbendazole 
sulphone Mammalian 
fat Mammalian 
kidney 
Mammalian 
liver 
Mammalian muscle  
0.05  
0.05 
 
0.5 
 0.05 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent the expansion of the Ne w Zealand MRLs for meat and edible offal to 
harmonise with MRLs set internationally and by the European Community.  The proposal also seeks to 
refine the commodity names to better reflect the intent  of the MRLs and correct an error in the residue 
definition. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Fenbendazole 
Use of compound Anthelmintic 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 43210-67-9 
Type of compound Benzimidazole 
Administration method Oral and topical 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
16Good Agricultural Practice 
Fenbendazole is currently approved in  New Zealand as an anthelmintic treatment for gastro-intestinal 
round-worms, lungworms and tapeworms in cattle, deer, goats, horses and sheep use may be through 
oral or topical administration.   
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.007mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to fenbendazole is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adul ts and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The current NEDI for fenbendazol e is equivalent to 0.7% of the ADI, with accommodation of the 
proposed MRLs the NEDI increases to 2.5% of th e ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the increase of the fenbendazole MRLs for mammalian fat, muscle and 
kidney to 0.05mg/kg is very unlikely to pose any health risks from consumption of the animal product 
commodities.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Fenbendazole Cattle, edible offal of 
Cattle meat 
Goat, edible offal of 
Goat meat Sheep, edible offal of 
Sheep meat 0.1 
0.1 
0.5 
0.5 0.5 
0.5 
Codex   
Fenbendazole Cattle Muscle 
Cattle Fat Cattle Liver 
Cattle Kidney 
Pig Muscle Pig Fat 0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 0.1  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
17Pig Liver 
Pig Kidney 
Sheep Muscle 
Sheep Fat Sheep Liver 
Sheep Kidney 
Goat Muscle Goat Fat 
Goat Liver 
Goat Kidney Horse Muscle 
Horse Fat 
Horse Liver 
Horse Kidney 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 0.1 
0.5 
0.1 0.1 
0.1 
0.5 
0.1 
EU   
Fenbendazole Ruminant Muscle 
Ruminant Fat Ruminant Liver 
Ruminant Kidney 0.05 
0.05 0.5 
0.05 
Japan   
Fenbendazole Cattle Muscle 
Cattle Fat Cattle Liver 
Cattle Kidney 
Pig Muscle Pig Fat 
Pig Liver 
Pig Kidney Other terrestrial mammals, 
muscle 
Other terrestrial mammals, fat 
Other terrestrial mammals, 
liver Other terrestrial mammals, 
kidney 0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 0.1 
0.5 
0.1 0.1 
 
0.1 
0.5 
 0.1 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRLs represent a barrier to their trade. 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
186 Proposal to set MRLs for Mandipropamid 
It is proposed that MRLs are set for mandipropamid when used as a fungicide for bulb and green 
onions.  It is proposed that Schedule One of t he NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to 
include: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum 
Residue Limit (mg/kg) 
Mandipropamid 374726-62-2 Mandipropamid Bulb onions 
Green onions 0.01* 
0.2 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
The final entry for mandipropamid in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 will 
therefore read:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum 
Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Mandipropamid 374726-62-2 Mandipropamid Bulb onions 
Green onions 
Potatoes 0.01* 
0.2 
0.01* 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent new use patterns in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
mandipropamid.  The proposed MRLs will manage the new uses of mandipropamid as a fungicide on 
bulb and green onions to the application rates and withholding periods that are approved good 
agricultural practice (GAP) in New Zealand (see below).  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Mandipropamid 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 374726-62-2 
Type of compound Carboxylic acid amide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Bulb Onions: Mandipropamid is proposed for use as a fungicide for bulb onions.  Application may be 
throughout active growth at 100-150gai/ha with a withholding period of 7 days.  
Green Onions: Mandipropamid is proposed for use as a fungicide for green onions.  Application may 
be throughout active growth at 100-150gai/ha with a withholding period of 14 days.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
19Residues Information  
Residue data for bulb onions support a limit of quantific ation MRL of 0.0 mg/kg at 7 days after the last 
treatment.  An MRL of 0.01mg/kg is therefore pr oposed to support GAP.  Residue data for green 
onions support an MRL of 0.2mg/kg at 14 days afte r the last treatment.  An MRL of 0.2mg/kg is 
therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Animal Transfer:  Residues are unlikely in animals consuming treated onions, therefore no animal 
commodity MRLs are proposed. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Exposure (ADE) 0.15mg/kg bw/day 
ERMA NZ PDE (food) 0.1mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where 
a value has been set. The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority 
(ERMA), and represents the proportion of the accept able daily exposure to a substance via the food 
route as relevant to the New Zealand population.  T he methodology for calculation of these values is 
set out in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 6,  8, and 9 Controls) Regulations 2001 which can be 
found at: www.legislation.govt.nz .  
The chronic dietary exposure to mandipropamid is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for a dults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for mandipropamid is equivalent to 0.02% of the PDE (food).  It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposure is sma ll and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of mandipropamid as a fungicide for use on onions, according to 
the GAP specified above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks from consumption of the harvested 
commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
207 Proposal to set MRLs for Monepantel 
It is proposed that MRLs are set for monepantel when used as an anthelmintic for sheep. It is 
proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to include the 
following; this will be the resulting entry for monepantel in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2008:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Monepantel 887148-69-8 Monepantel-sulphone Sheep fat 
Sheep liver Sheep kidney  
Sheep 
muscle 7 
5 2 
 
0.7 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs for monepantel represent a new ve terinary medicine active ingredient that is 
proposed for registration in New Zealand.  The prop osed MRLs will allow the use of this product for 
the treatment of gastro-intestinal parasites in sheep according to the following good agricultural 
practice (GAP). 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Monepantel 
Use of compound Anthelmintic 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 887148-69-8 
Type of compound Amino-Acetonitrile Derivative 
Administration method Oral 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Monepantel is a novel veterinary medicine acti ve in New Zealand. The proposed GAP is the 
application of 2.5mg monepantel/ kg livew eight and a withholding period of 7 days. 
Residues Information 
Residues of monepantel, determined as the met abolite monepantel-sulphone, at 7 days after 
treatment are not expected to exceed 7mg/kg in sh eep fat, 5mg/kg in sheep liver, 2mg/kg in sheep 
kidney and 0.7mg/kg in sheep muscle. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.09mg/kg bw/day 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
21The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily inta ke (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to monepantel is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for a dults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for monepantel is equivalent to 1% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of monepantel as  a veterinary medicine for use on sheep, 
according to the GAP specified above, is very unlik ely to pose any health risks from consumption of 
animal product commodities.   
Other International MRLs 
New Zealand is the first country to propose MRLs for monepantel.  To meet New Zealand’s obligations 
under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary  and Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs 
will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  An y country may choose to comment if they believe 
the proposed MRLs represent a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
228 Proposal set an MRL for 1-Naphthylacetic acid 
It is proposed that an MRL is set for 1-naphthylaceti c acid when used as a plant growth regulator for 
Satsuma and encore mandarin varieties. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2008 be amended to include the followin g, this will be the resulting entry for 1-
naphthylacetic acid in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
1-Naphthylacetic acid 86-87-3 1-Naphthylacetic acid Mandarins 
(Satsuma and Encore)  
0.01* 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents a new use pattern in New Zealand for the active ingredient 1-
naphthylacetic acid.  The proposed MRL will manage t he new uses of 1-napthylacetic acid as a plant 
growth regulator on Satsuma and Encore mandarin varieties to the application rates and withholding 
periods that are approved good agricultural practice (GAP) in New Zealand (see below).  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound 1-Naphthylacetic acid 
Use of compound Plant growth regulator (fruit thinning) 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 86-87-3 
Type of compound Synthetic auxin 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
1-naphthylacetic acid is proposed for use as a fruit thinning agent for the Satsuma and Encore 
mandarin varieties.  Application may be when frui tlets are between 10-12mm diameter, at a rate of 
30gai/ha with a withholding period of: do not apply after fruitlets exceed 12mm diameter. 
Residues Information  
Residue data for Satsuma and Encore mandarin support a limit of quantification MRL of 0.01mg/kg at 
130 days after the last treatment.  An MRL of 0. 01mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.15mg/kg bw/day 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
23The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to 1-naphthylacetic ac id is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary 
Intake (NEDI) calculation encompassing all regist ered uses of the chemical and food consumption 
data based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Surv ey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition 
Survey of Australia, for children. The NEDI calculation is made in accordance with Guidelines for 
predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for 1-naphthylacetic acid is equivalent to  0.09% of the ADI.  It is therefore concluded that 
the chronic dietary exposure is sm all and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of 1-naphthylacetic acid as a plant growth regulator for use on 
Satsuma and Encore mandarins, according to the G AP specified above, is very unlikely to pose any 
health risks from consumption of  the harvested commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
The Netherlands   
1-Naphthyl-acetic acid All food 0.05 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the Wo rld Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade. 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
249 Proposal to set MRLs for Oxfendazole  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for oxfendazole wh en used as a veterinary medicine for cattle, deer, 
goats, horses and sheep.  It is proposed that Sc hedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be 
amended by deleting the following MRLs:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Oxfendazole 53716-50-0 Sum of: 
Fenbenzole Oxfendazole 
Fenbendazole sulphone Expressed as: 
Fenbendazole 
sulphone Edible offal 
(except liver) 
Liver 
Meat  
0.01 
0.5 
0.01 
 
As a replacement for the deleted MRLs, it is pro posed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2008 be amended to include the following, this will be the resulting entry for oxfendazole in 
Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Oxfendazole 53716-50-0 Sum of: 
Fenbendazole 
Oxfendazole Fenbendazole 
sulphone 
Expressed as: 
Fenbendazole 
sulphone Mammalian 
fat 
Mammalian kidney 
Mammalian 
liver 
Mammalian 
muscle  
0.05 
 0.05 
 
0.5 
 
0.05 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent the expansion of the New Zealand MRLs for meat and edible offal to 
harmonise with MRLs set internationally by the European Community.  The proposal also seeks to 
refine the commodity names to better reflect the intent  of the MRLs and correct an error in the residue 
definition. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Oxfendazole 
Use of compound Anthelmintic 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 53716-50-0 
Type of compound Benzimidazole 
Administration method Oral and topical 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
25Good Agricultural Practice 
Oxfendazole is currently approved in New Zealand as an anthelmintic treatment for gastro-intestinal 
round-worms, lungworms and tapeworms in cattle, deer, goats, horses and sheep use may be through 
oral or topical administration. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.007mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily inta ke (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to oxfendazole is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adul ts and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The current NEDI for oxfendazole is equivalent to 0.5% of the ADI, with accommodation of the 
proposed MRLs the NEDI increases to 2.5% of th e ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the increase of the ox fendazole MRLs for mammalian fat, muscle and 
kidney to 0.05mg/kg is very unlikely to pose any health risks from consumption of the animal product 
commodities.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Oxfendazole Edible offal (mammalian) 
Meat [Mammalian] 3 
0.1 
Codex   
Oxfendazole Cattle Muscle 
Cattle Fat 
Cattle Liver Cattle Kidney 
Pig Muscle 
Pig Fat Pig Liver 
Pig Kidney 
Sheep Muscle Sheep Fat 0.1 
0.1 
0.5 0.1 
0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 0.1  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
26Sheep Liver 
Sheep Kidney 
Goat Muscle 
Goat Fat Goat Liver 
Goat Kidney 
Horse Muscle Horse Fat 
Horse Liver 
Horse Kidney 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1 0.1 
0.5 
0.1 
EU   
Oxfendazole Ruminant Muscle 
Ruminant Fat 
Ruminant Liver Ruminant Kidney 0.05 
0.05 
0.5 0.05 
Japan   
Oxfendazole Cattle Muscle 
Cattle Fat 
Cattle Liver Cattle Kidney 
Pig Muscle 
Pig Fat Pig Liver 
Pig Kidney 
Other terrestrial mammals, muscle 
Other terrestrial mammals, fat 
Other terrestrial mammals, liver 
Other terrestrial mammals, 
kidney 0.1 
0.1 
0.5 0.1 
0.1 
0.1 0.5 
0.1 
0.1  
0.1 
0.5  
0.1 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRLs represent a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
2710 Proposal to set an MRL for Pyraclostrobin  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for pyraclostrobin when used as a fungicide for grapes. It is proposed 
that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 be amended to include: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Pyraclostrobin 175013-18-0 Plant commodities: 
Sum of: Pyraclostrobin and its desmethoxy 
metabolite 
Expressed as: 
Pyraclostrobin 
Animal commodities: 
Sum of: 
Pyraclostrobin and 
metabolites hydrolysed to: 1-(4-
chloro-phenyl)- 
1H-pyrazol- 3-ol Expressed as : 
Pyraclostrobin Grapes 3 
 
The final entry for pyraclostrobin in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2008 will therefore 
read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Pyraclostrobin 175013-18-0 Plant commodities: 
Sum of: Pyraclostrobin and its 
desmethoxy 
metabolite 
Expressed as: 
Pyraclostrobin 
Animal commodities: Sum of: 
Pyraclostrobin and metabolites 
hydrolysed to: 1-(4-chloro-phenyl)- 
1H-pyrazol- 3-ol 
Expressed as : 
Pyraclostrobin Apples 
Barley 
Grapes Mammalian 
fat 
Mammalian kidney 
Mammalian 
liver Mammalian 
meat 
Milk Pears 
Wheat 0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 
3  
0.02(*) 
 0.02(*) 
 
0.02(*)  
0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
28Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents a new use pattern in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
pyraclostrobin. The proposed MRL will manage the new uses of pyraclostrobin as a fungicide on 
grapes to the application rates and withholding period s that are approved good agricultural practice 
(GAP) in New Zealand (see below).  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Pyraclostrobin 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 175013-18-0 
Type of compound Strobilurin 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Pyraclostrobin is proposed for use as a fungicide for grapes.  Application may be throughout pre-
flowering to pre-harvest, at rate of 192gai/h a with a withholding period of 28 days.   
Residues Information 
Residue data for grapes supports an MRL of 3 mg/kg at 28 days after the last treatment.  An MRL of 
3mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP. 
Animal Transfer:  Grape pomace and vineyard waste may be fed to animals, however given the 
expected consumption level of pyraclostrobin in these commodities it would not be expected that 
residues would exceed the current animal commodity MRLs.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 0.03 mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to pyraclostrobin is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for a dults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organization, 1997]. 
The NEDI for pyraclostrobin is equivalent to 1% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable.  Proposals to Amend (No. 2) the New Z ealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agri cultural Compounds) Food Standards 2008 
  
29Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of pyraclostrobi n as a fungicide for use on grapes, according to 
the GAP specified above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks from consumption of the harvested 
commodity.   
Other International MRLs 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the Wo rld Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.