TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7  
TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
7 November 2017  
(17-5832) Page: 1/144 
Committee on Agriculture  
Special Session  
Sub-Committee on Cotton    
 
 
COTTON  
BACKGROUND PAPER BY THE SECRETARIAT1 
Revision  
1. The Ministerial Decision on Cotton of 7  December  2013 (document WT/MIN(13)/41 
and WT/L/916) adopted by Ministers at the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference in Bali state s, 
inter alia that: 
"5. In this context, we therefore undertake to enhance transparency and monitoring in 
relation to the trade -related aspects of cotton. To this end, we agree to hold a dedicated 
discussion on a bi -annual basis in the context of the Committee on Agriculture in Special 
Session to examine relevant trade -related developments across the three pillars of Market 
Access, Domestic Support and Export Competition in relation to cotton.  
 
6. The dedicated discu ssions shall be undertaken on the basis of factual information and 
data compiled by the WTO Secretariat from Members' notifications, complemented, as 
appropriate, by relevant information provided by Members to the WTO Secretariat.  
 
7. The dedicated discuss ions shall in particular consider all forms of export subsidies for 
cotton and all export measures with equivalent effect, domestic support for cotton and tariff 
measures and non -tariff measures applied to cotton exports from LDCs in markets of 
interest to  them. " 
2. As a result, four dedicated discussions on cotton were held  in 2014 and 20152. 
3. The Min isterial Decision on Cotton of 19 December 2015 (document WT/MIN(15)/46 
and WT/L/981) adopted by Ministers at the 10th WTO Ministerial Conference in Nairobi  states, 
inter alia  that: 
"14. We undertake to continue holding Dedicated Discussions on cotton on a bi -annual 
basis, as indicated in paragraphs 5, 6 and 7 of the Bali Ministerial Decision on Cotton 
(WT/MIN(13)/41 and WT/L/916), including in particular to examine relevant trade -related 
developments across the three pillars of Market Access, Domestic Support, and Export 
Competition in relation to cotton.  
 
15. We undertake to regularly monitor the implementation by Members of paragraphs 2 to 
4 during these Dedicated Discussions on cotton,  based on relevant Members' notifications to 
the WTO, complemented as necessary by Members' replies to specific requests for 
information from the WTO Secretariat. " 
 
                                                
1 This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice 
to the positions of Members or to their rights and obligations under the WTO. It has  been prepared for 
information only and is not intended to provide any authoritative or official legal interpretation of the provisions 
of the WTO Agreements in general on in relation to any measure listed in this document.  
2 June 2014, November 2014, July 2015 and November 2015.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 2 - 
 
  4. The Nairobi Ministerial Decision on Cotton also states that : 
"6. The Dedicated Discussions on cotton referred to in paragraph 14  of this Decision shall 
continue to address the following specific  elements, based on factual information and data 
compiled by the WTO Secretariat from Members' notifications, complemente d, as 
appropriate, by relevant information provided by Members to the WTO Secretariat:  
 
(a) identification and examination of market access barriers, including tariff and non -tariff 
barriers for the entry of cotton produced and exported by cotton -producing  LDCs;  
 
(b) reviews of market access improvements and of any market access measures 
undertaken by Members, including the identification of  access barriers to cotton 
produced and exported by cotton -producing LDCs in markets of  interest to them; and  
 
(c) examination of possible additional measures for progressive and predictable 
improvements in market access, in particular the elimination of tariff and non -tariff 
barriers to cotton produced a nd exported by cotton -producing  LDCs."  
 
5. The fifth, sixth and seventh  dedicated discussion s on cotton w ere held on 1 July 2016 , 
23 November 2016, and 24 July 2017  respectively . 
6. As requested by the Nairobi  Ministerial Decision , and based on the approach resulting from  the 
Bali Ministerial Decision , the WTO Secretariat has  prepared , in advance of the eighth  dedicated 
discussion on cotton , a revised compil ation of factual  information and data available from 
Members' notifications and other submissions , on Market Access, Domestic Support and Export 
Competition in relation to cotton , received up to 15 October  2017. 
7. Further to Members' requests at the second dedicated discussion, this revised background 
paper also includes  (i) Members' responses to the questi onnaire on cotton policy developments 
circulated on 10 October  2017; and (ii)  relevant information on cotton markets and policies  
from T rade Policy Review  reports  circulated up to  15 October  2017, for the 32 Members 
identified i n paragraph s 12 and 13 of this paper.3 
8. The paper is organized in three parts, namely:  
 Export Subsidies4; 
 Domestic Support ; and  
 Market Access . 
9. The factual information and data contained in this paper have been compiled from : 
 Members ' schedules and notification s in the Market Access (MA), Domestic Support  (DS) 
and Export Subsidies (ES) series  under the Committee on Agriculture ; 
 Tariff data available in  the WTO Integrated Data base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff 
Schedules Data base (CTS) ; as well as  
 Non-tariff measures available  in the WTO Integrated Trade Intelligence Portal  (I-TIP) 
Goods Database.  
10. The specific sources of information for  each of the areas covered are de scribed under the 
relevant  parts of the paper.  
11. With regards to Export Subsidies  and Domestic Support  (Part one and two of the paper) , 
factual  information and data were collected for all WTO Members with relevant commitments 
or who have reported measures benefitting  cotton in their relevant notifications . 
                                                
3 This information is presented in Annexes 4 and 5.  
4 With regards to the disciplines and commitments contained in the Ministerial Decision on Export 
Competition (WT/MIN(15)/45 -WT/L/980 adopted on 19 December 2015) , referred to in paragraph  9 of the 
Nairobi Ministerial Decision on Cotton, Members can also refer to the Secretariat background paper on export 
subsidies, export credits and export credit guarantees or insurance programmes, international food aid, and 
agricultural exporti ng STEs (document  G/AG/W/125/Rev.7, G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.1, 
G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.2, G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.3 and G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.4 dated 
27 September  2017). TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 3 - 
 
  12. With regards to  Market Access  (Part three of the paper) , and based  on previous practice, the  
list of markets of interest to LDCs  was established by collecting market access data for 
WTO Members that  are either : (i) classified  as developed economies for the purpose of the 
WTO Secretariat note on th e "Participation of Developing Economies in the Global Trading 
System"5; (ii) amongst  the top 20 cotton  importing countries in quantity for the period 
2010-2012; or (iii) amongst  the top 20 cotton importing countries in quantity from LDCs for  
the period  2010-2012.6  
13. As a result, market access data are provided , in accordance with the Bali and Nairobi 
Ministerial Decisions on Cotton, for the following 32  Members :7 Australia;  Bahrain, Kingdom of ; 
Bangladesh ; Brazil ; Canada ; China ; Colombia ; Egypt ; the European Union ; Hong Kong , China ; 
Iceland ; India; Indonesia ; Japan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Malaysia ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; 
Morocco ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Peru; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; 
Switzerland ; Chinese Taipei ; Thailand ; Turkey ; the U nited States of America and Viet  Nam. 
14. Unless otherwise indicated, the term "cotton " in this paper  refers to the products covered by 
the Harmonized System nomenclature  (HS) h eadings 52.01, 52.02 and 52.03.  
                                                
5 Document WT/COMTD/W/2 12, Appendix 7 with the European Union counted as one and Switzerland 
and Liechtenstein also counted as one.  
6 The top 20 cotton importing countries were identified using COMTRADE data processed by the 
WTO Secretariat, and supplemented by data from the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC).  
7 In the absence of signific ant change in the list of Members when using the period 2013 -2014, the list 
used in document TN/AG/GEN/34 has been kept unchanged for the sake of comparability.   TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 4 - 
 
  TABLE OF CONTENT S 
1  EXPORT SUBSIDIES  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 6 
1.1  EXPORT SUBSIDY COMMITMENTS  ................................ ................................ ..................  6 
1.1.1   Bound export subsidy commitments for cotton  ................................ ..............................  7 
1.2  NOTIFIED EXPORT SUBSIDIES  ................................ ................................ .......................  9 
1.2.1   Notified budgetary outlays and quantities for cotton (Table ES:1)  ................................ .. 10 
1.2.2   Notified budgetary outlays and quantities for  cotton (Supporting Table ES:2)  ..................  12 
2  DOMESTIC SUPPORT  ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 17 
2.1  PRODUCT SPECIFIC AGGREGATE MEASUREMENT OF SUPPORT  ................................ ........  17 
2.1.1   Product -specific AMS notified for cotton  ................................ ................................ ...... 18 
2.1.2   DIRECT PAYMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 6. 5 ................................ ..............  30 
3  MARKET ACCESS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  32 
3.1  TARIFFS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  39 
3.2  SPECIAL SAF EGUARD PROVISIONS  ................................ ................................ ...............  52 
3.2.1   Scheduled SSG provisions for cotton  ................................ ................................ ..........  52 
3.2.2   Notified trigger prices for cotton  ................................ ................................ ................  53 
3.2.3   Invoked price -based SSG for cotton  ................................ ................................ ...........  54 
3.3  TARIFF RATE QUOTAS  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 54 
3.3.1   Tariff rate quota commitments for cotton  ................................ ................................ .... 54 
3.3.2   Most recent Tariff Rate Quota administration method notified for cotton  .........................  56 
3.3.3   TRQ quantities and in -quota imports for cotton ................................ ............................  58 
3.4  OTHER NON TARIFF MEASURES  ................................ ................................ ...................  67 
ANNEX 1  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  82 
ANNEX 2  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  85 
ANNEX 3  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  88 
ANNEX 4  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  91 
ANNEX 5  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  112  
TABLE OF CHARTS  
Chart 1.1 : Brazil  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  13 
Chart 1.2: Colombia  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  14 
Chart 1.3: Israel  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  14 
Chart 1.4: South Africa  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 15 
Chart 1.5: United States of Am erica ................................ ................................ ....................  15 
Chart 1.6: India  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  16 
Chart 2.1: Brazil  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  23 
Chart 2.2: China  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  24 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 5 - 
 
  Chart 2.3: Colombia  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  24 
Chart 2.4: European Union  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 25 
Chart 2.5: India  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  25 
Chart 2.6: Israel  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  26 
Chart 2.7:  Mexico  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  26 
Chart 2.8: Peru  ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  27 
Chart 2.9: South Africa  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 27 
Chart 2.10: Turkey ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  28 
Chart 2.11: United States of America  ................................ ................................ ..................  28 
Chart 2.12: Viet Nam  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  29 
Chart 2.13: European Union  ................................ ................................ ...............................  31 
Chart 2.14: United States of America  ................................ ................................ ..................  31 
Chart 3.1: Total imports of cotton from World and LDCs, 2006 -2016, value  .............................  32 
Chart 3.2: Total impor ts of cotton from World and LDCs, 2006 -2016, quantity  .........................  32 
Chart 3.3: Number of scheduled TRQs for cotton by Member  ................................ ..................  56 
Chart 3.4: China (CHNQ010)  ................................ ................................ ..............................  62 
Chart 3.5: Colombia (COLQ067)  ................................ ................................ .........................  62 
Chart 3.6: South Africa (ZAFQ053)  ................................ ................................ .....................  63 
Chart 3.7: United States of America (USAQ049)  ................................ ................................ ... 63 
Chart 3.8: United States of America (USAQ050)  ................................ ................................ ... 64 
Chart 3.9: United States of America (USAQ051)  ................................ ................................ ... 64 
Chart 3.10: United States of America (USAQ052) ................................ ................................ .. 65 
Chart 3.11: United States of America (USAQ053) ................................ ................................ .. 65 
Chart 3.12: United States of America (USAQ054) ................................ ................................ .. 66 
Chart 3.13: Number of other non -tariff measures applicable to cotton, per type of measure 
(1 January 2012 to 15 October  2017) ................................ ................................ ..................  68 
 
_______________  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 6 - 
 
  1  EXPORT SUBSIDIES  
1.1.  Part One provides information on the use of export subsidies for cotton by Members . It is 
divided into t wo sections:  
 Section 1.1  provides  information on export subsidy reduction commitments, both in 
terms of budgetary outlay and quantit y; and 
 Section  1.2 provides  information on notified export subsidy budgetary outlays and 
quantities . 
1.2.  As noted earlier, with regards to  the disciplines and commitments conta ined in the Nairobi 
Ministerial Decision on Export Competition (WT/MIN(15)/45 -WT/L/980 adopted on 
19 December  2015)  referred to in paragraph  9 of the Nairobi Ministerial Decision  on Cotton , 
Members can also refer to the Secretariat background paper on export subsidies, export credits 
and export credit guarantees or insurance programmes, international food aid, and agricultural 
exporting STEs ( document s G/AG/W/125 /Rev. 7, G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.1, 
G/AG/W/125/Rev.7/Add.2, G/AG/W/125/Rev.7 /Add.3,  G/AG/W/125/R ev.7/Add.4  dated  
27 September 2017 ). It can be noted in th at regard that : (i) China listed in its reply to the 
questionnaire on export competition circulated to WTO  Members on 31 October 2016 , four 
agricultural exporting State Trading Enterprises for cotton ; and (ii) the United States and Japan 
respectively identified in their  latest replies cotton and HS5202 -5203 in the list of products covered 
by their export financing programmes.  
1.1  EXPORT SUBSIDY COMMITMENT S 
1.3.  This section lists export subsidy reduction  commitments for cotton by Member and by 
implementation year8, as specified in Members' schedules. The tables show, for each Member 
concerned, the annual and final bound export subsidy budgetary outlay and quantity 
commitments. The following column heading s are used:  
XSID The number identifying export subsidy commitment s for each Member in the 
CTS, in the same sequential order as scheduled. The seven -character code is 
comprised of the three -letter WTO Member code, followed by "X" for "export 
subsidy", followed by the three -digit sequential identifier;  
 
Product  The product or group of products as specified in the Member's schedule9; 
 
Tariff Line(s)  The tariff item number(s) as specified in the Member's schedule reproduced in 
the CTS using  the HS 2002 nom enclature; and  
 
1995…  Budgetary outlay  and quantity commitment s for each implementation year . 
 
1.4.  For each Member, the currency/quantity unit and the type of  year (i.e. calendar, financial, 
fiscal or marketing year) are indicated  as specified in that Member's  schedule . 
 
 
                                                
8 Throughout this paper, the term "implementation year" refers to the relevant calendar, finan cial, fiscal 
or marketing year as specified by individual Members.  
9 In original language only.   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7  • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 7 - 1.1.1   Bound export subsidy commitments for cotton  
Brazil  
Budgetary outlays commitments in USD 
XSID Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
BRAX013  Cotton  520100  208,534.1  203,406.2  198,278.3  193,150.4  188,022.6  182,894.7  177,766.8  172,638.9  167,511.0  162,383.1  
Quantity commitments in t onnes  
XSID Product  Tariff  Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
BRAX013  Cotton  520100  3,670.9  3,618.8  3,566.6  3,514.5  3,462.4  3,410.3  3,358.1  3,306.0  3,253.9  3,201.8  
 
Colombia  
Budgetary outlays commitments in USD 
XSID Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
COLX018  ALGODON  5201, 5202, 5203  71,394,099  71,394,099  69,438,096  67,482,094  65,526,091  63,570,088  61,614,085  59,658,083  57,702,080  55,746,077  
Quantity commitments in t onnes  
XSID Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
COLX018  ALGODON  5201, 5202, 5203  38,588  38,588  37,978  37,368  36,759  36,149  35,539  34,929  34,320  33,710  
 
Israel  
Budgetary outlays commitments in t housand USD 
XSID Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
ISRX006  Cotton   9,410  9,179  8,948  8,716  8,485  8,253  8,022  7,791  7,559  7,328  
Quantity commitments in t housand tonnes  
XSID Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
ISRX006  Cotton   47.1 46.4 45.8 45.1 44.4 43.8 43.1 42.4 41.8 41.1 
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 8 - South Africa   
Budgetary outlays commitments in rand  (calendar year) 
XSID  Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  
ZAFX062  Cotton  5201, 5202, 5203  4,157,081  3,891,736  3,626,390  3,361,045  3,095,699  2,830,353  
Quantity commitments in t onne equivalent ( calendar year ) 
XSID  Product  Tariff Line(s)  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  
ZAFX062  Cotton  5201, 5202, 5203  4,600  4,433  4,266  4,100  3,933  3,766  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 9 - 
 
  1.2  NOTIFIED EXPORT SUBSIDIES  
1.5.  This section lists export subsidies for cotton notified by Members  in Table  ES:1 as well as 
export subsidies for cotton notified  in Supporting Tables ES:2 by developing country Members who 
have taken recourse to Article 9.4 of the Agreement on Agriculture . This section includes 
notifications circulated  by the Secretariat  up to 15 October  2017. 
1.6.  The following column headings are used:  
XSID  The number identifyi ng export subsidy commitments for each Member in the CTS, in the 
same sequential order as scheduled. The seven -character code is comprised of the 
three -letter WTO Member code, followed by "X" for "export subsidy", and by the 
three-digit sequential identifi er. A blank indicates that no export subsidy reduction 
commitments are scheduled for the product in question ; 
 
Product  The product or group of products as specified in the Member's schedule10 or in the 
Member's notification; and  
 
1995…  The notified budgetary outlay or quantity for each implementation year from 1995 up to 
the latest implementation year as indicated in  the Member's most recent Table  ES:1 
notification. A blank indicates that no notification has been re ceived for the year in  
question or that , for Members without scheduled export subsidy commitment s for cotton , 
the notification does not mention cotton . 
 
1.7.  For each Member, the currency/quantity unit and the type of year (i.e. calendar, financial , 
fiscal or marketing year) are ind icated as spec ified in that Member's schedule  or in the Member's 
notification . 
 
 
 
                                                
10 In original language only.   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 10 - 1.2.1   Notified budgetary outlays and quantities for cotton (Table ES:1)  
Brazil  
Notified budgetary outlays in USD (calendar year ) 
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
BRAX013  Cotton  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Notified quantities in tonnes  (calendar year)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
BRAX013  Cotton  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
 
Colombia  
Notified budgetary outlays in thousand USD (calendar year)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
COLX018  ALGODON  0.211 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Notified quantities in tonnes (calendar year)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
COLX018  ALGODON  0.72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
 
Israel  
Notified budgetary outlays in thousand USD (marketing year, 1 October -30 September)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
ISRX006  Cotton  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8862 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Notified quantities in thousand tonnes (marketing year, 1 October -30 September)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
ISRX006  Cotton  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 11 - South Africa  
Notified budgetary outlays in rand (calendar year ) 
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
ZAFX062  Cotton  5,6541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Notified quantities in tonnes (calendar year ) 
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
ZAFX062  Cotton  36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
 
United  States of America  
Notified budgetary outlays in thousand USD (fiscal year beginning 1 October -30 September)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
 Upland Cotton3         203,595.41 276,500.01 266,943.51 9,353.01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  
Notified quantiti es in thousand tonnes (1 July -30 June)  
XSID  Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
 Upland Cotton3         2,357.4  2,412.6  3,641.5  1,291.8  0 0 0 0 0 0 0  
1 Direct export subsidies (as indicated in Supporting Table ES:1).  
2 Producer financed subsidies (as indicated in Supporting Table ES:1).  
3 For U.S. notifications covering the implementation years 2003 -2005, the following footnote was included: "T he panel and Appellate Body reports in the dispute United 
States  – Subsidies on Upland Cotton  (DS267) found that certain payments to exporters under the Upland Cotton Domestic Marketing Certificate Program constituted 
export subsidies within the meaning of the Agreement on Agriculture. On 8 February  2006, the United States  enacted legislation to re peal the programme at the end of  
the 2005 marketing year (i.e.,  31 July 2006).  Quantity and budgetary data are based on when payments were made. " For U.S. notifications covering the implementation 
years 2006-2013, the following footnote was included: " The panel and Appellate Body reports in the dispute United States – Subsidies on Upland Cotton (DS267) found 
that certain payments to exporters under the Upland Cotton Domestic Marketing Certificate Program constituted export subsidie s within the meaning of  the Agreement 
on Agriculture. On 8 February  2006, the United States enacted legislation to repeal the program at the end of the 2005 marketing year (i.e., 31 July 2006).  All cotton 
under the program was shipped by 31  July 2006; quantity and budgetary data ar e based on when payments were made."   
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 12 - 1.2.2   Notified budgetary outlays and quantities for cotton (Supporting Table ES:2)  
India  
Notified budgetary outlays in million USD (marketing year)  
XSID Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  
 Raw cotton (Full pressed bales)           0.0891 1.211     
Notified quantities in tonnes  (marketing year)  
XSID Product  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  
 Raw cotton (Full pressed bales)           2,542  40,392      
1 International Air Freight Assistance in terms of Article 9.1 (d) (as indicated in the footnote in India's Supporting Table ES :2 for implementation years 2004 and 2005) . 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 13 - 
 
  Charts on  scheduled and notified export subsidy budgetary outlays and quantities11 
1.8.   Based on the information presented in sections 1.1 and 1.2 above, the charts in this secti on 
show, by Member and by year, the export subsidy budgetary outlays and quantities notified in 
Table ES:1 and Supporting Tables  ES:2, and the corresponding commitment levels  where they 
exist.  
1.9.  In all charts, export subsidy budgetary outlays notified and bu dgetary outlay commitments 
are plotted on the left axis and export subsidy quantities notified and quantity commitments are 
plotted on the right axis.  
Chart 1.1: Brazil  
 
 
                                                
11 Chart 34 of the Secretariat back ground document G/AG/W/125/Rev.6 shows  the sum of the export 
subsidy budgetary outlays notified ( Table ES:1) and scheduled by all Members for cotton, for the 
period  1995-2015.  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
08001600240032004000
025,00050,00075,000100,000125,000150,000175,000200,000225,000250,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
TonnesUS$
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantity Budgetary outlay  commitment Quantity commitmentTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 14 - 
 
  Chart 1.2: Colombia  
 
Chart 1.3: Israel  
 
 
0.21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00.720 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,000
010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TonnesThousand US$
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantity Budgetary outlay  commitment Quantity commitment
0 0 0 0 0 0 0886
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00.6 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00
01020304050
02,0004,0006,0008,00010,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Thousand TonnesThousand US$
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantity Budgetary outlay  commitment Quantity commitment00 0TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 15 - 
 
  Chart 1.4: South Africa  
 
Chart 1.5: United States of America  
 
 
5,6540 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
06001,2001,8002,4003,0003,6004,2004,8005,400
0500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,0003,000,0003,500,0004,000,0004,500,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Tonne equivalentRand 
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantity Budgetary outlay  commitment Quantity commitment
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0203,595276,500
266,944
9,353
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02,3572,4133,642
1,292
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
07001,4002,1002,8003,5004,200
050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Thousand TonnesThousand US$
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantityTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 16 - 
 
  Chart 1.6: India  
 
 
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0891,210
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02,54240,392
0 0 0 0
06,00012,00018,00024,00030,00036,00042,000
02004006008001,0001,2001,400
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
TonnesThousand US$
Notified Budgetary outlay Notified quantityTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 17 - 
 
  2  DOMESTIC SUPPORT  
2.1.  Part Two provides information on the use of domestic support measures in favour of cotton  
based on Table DS:1 notifications circ ulated by the Secretariat up to 15 October 2017 . It is  divided 
into two sections : 
 Section 2.1 provides  information on  product -specific Aggregate Measurement of 
Support12 as notified in Supporting Tables DS:4 to DS:8 . The section also includes, 
further to Members' requests at the third dedicated discussion, a table which provides , 
for each Member listed in Section 2.1, the level of product -specific AMS for cotton, 
together with the current Total AMS and the value of production for cotton (if available) 
for the most recent available year of notification ; and   
 
 Section 2.2 provides  information on  direct paym ents in accordance with Article  6.5 as 
notified in Supporting Table  DS:3. 
2.1  PRODUCT SPECIFIC AGGREGATE MEASUREMENT OF SUPPORT  
2.2.  This section details the level of product -specific AMS for cotton by Member and by 
implementation year.  
2.3.  The levels  of the various domestic support categories that compose the product -specific 
support for cotton used in the AMS calculation  are also listed . The different categories  are the 
following:  
 market price support (Supporting Table DS:5);  
 non-exempt direct payments (Supporting Table DS:6);  
 other product -specific support (Supporting Table DS:7); and  
 product -specific support calculated using the Equivalent Measurement of Support  (EMS) 
methodology (Supporting Table DS:8).  
2.4.  For each Member, the implementation yea rs are those indicated in the Member's Table  DS:1 
notifications , and the notified currency unit is indicated in brackets . 
Symbols used  
 
Product -specific AMS  figures in italic and underlined  represent support notified  as de minimis . 
 
A blank indicates the absence of  a notification  for the year in question.  
 
"0" indicates that the Member notified zero support or th at the Member has not notified any 
support for the support category concerned.  
 
Figures in brackets represent negative support.  
 
 
                                                
12 Also referred to as product -specific AMS. Throughout this paper, this term also includes the 
product -specific Equivalent Measurement of Support calculated according to Annex 4  of the Agreement on 
Agriculture.   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 18 - 2.1.1   Product -specific AMS notified for cotton13 
Brazil  
(Thousand USD) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  
Market price support  33,860.69  40.9 6.1 9,893.1  (4,873.8)  (4,884.1)  (20,445.5)  (350.5)  0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  12,585.78  12,710.4  10,278.2  45,531.0  35,080.3  55,307.7  52,105.9  27,731.4  18,073.9  
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  46,446.47  12,751.3  10,284.3  55,424.1  35,080.3  55,307.7  52,105.9  27,731.4  18,073.9  
 
(Thousand USD)  
 2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011 -2013  20141 20151 
Market price support  0 0 315.8  186.0  259.8  0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 39,108.4  341,621.9  324,868.2  0 269,018.9  0 0 62,716.8  
Other product -specific support  27,427.5  44,324.6  43,287.5  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  27,427.5  44,324.6  82,711.7  341,807.9  325,128.0  0 269,018.9  0 0 62,716.8  
1 In Brazil's notification for 2014 and 2015, the following note was included in Supporting Table 7 - Other Product -Specific Support and Total Product -Specific AMS: "The 
following products may be supported by non -exempt support programmes, according to the av ailable funds and the market price: barley, Brazilian wax, canola, cashew 
nut, cassava, cassava flour, cassava starch, castor beans, coffee, cotton, cottonseed, edible beans, ethanol, garlic, grapes,  guarana, jute, maize, malva, milk, oat, 
orange, peanuts,  rice, silk cocoon, sisal, sorghum, soybeans, sugar cane, sunflower, triticale and wheat. If the product is not listed in this  table, it means the product 
received no support during the crop -year. Some products have the right to be supported only on specif ic States or Regions."  
 
                                                
13 For implementation years 1995 -1999, Pakistan maintained a positive applied administered price for "seed cotton", but Market Price Support was calculated as  zero 
because there was no eligible production.   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 19 - China  
(Million RMB)  
 1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  2,8541 3,5031 1,7901 1,205.62 1,0342 973.912 1,100.393 880.353 4,099.453 2,766.733 5,0073 2,9773 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  2,854  3,503  1,790  1,205.6  1,034  973.91  1,100.39  880.35  4,099.45  2,766.73  5,007  2,977  
1 The following footnote was included in China's notification covering implementation years 1999 -2001: "From the year 1999, cotton purchase in China became market 
oriented and the State Procurement Pricing for Cotton did not work any longer. Therefore, there was no price support i n this reporting period. The product -specific 
de minimis  supports to cotton were primarily provided through interest subsidies for national cotton stockholdings."  
2 The following footnote was included in China's notification covering implementation years 2 002-2004: "Support to cotton include interest subsidy for national stock 
cotton".  
3 The following footnote was included in China's notification covering implementation years 2005 -2010: "Support to cotton includes subsidy for improved crop strains and 
seeds , subsidy for reserve cost, cost subsidy for transporting cotton out of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region".  
 
Colombia  
(Thousand USD) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011 2012 2013 
Market p rice support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exem pt direct payments  2,980  289.2  1,002.6  757 2,306.5  1,115  2,899  8,983.5  20.5 10,445.4  30,595  18,091  24,775  17,755  25,261  25,592  5,354  31,731  20,210  
Other pr oduct -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  2,980  289.2  1,002.6  757 2,306.5  1,115  2,899  8,983.5  20.5 10,445.4  30,595  18,091  24,775  17,755  25,261  25,592  5,354  31,731  20,210  
 
Europea n Union  
(Million EUR) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  22.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  777.7  772.7  809.4  715.2  623.7  795 575.1  731.3  769.4  725.4  739.5  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  800.4  772.7  809.4  715.2  623.7  795 575.1  731.3  769.4  725.4  739.5  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 20 - India  
(Million USD) 
  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  
Market price support  (2,106)  0 0 (64.79)  (72.45)  (91.46)  (147.3)  (94.01)  (140.62)  (150.28)1 (68.99)1 (49.39)1 (6.64)1 243.141 6.951 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  (2,106)  0 0 (64.79)  (72.45)  (91.46)  (147.3)  (94.01)  (140.62)  (150.28)  (68.99)  (49.39)  (6.64)  243.14  6.95 0 
 
  2011  2012  2013  
Market price support  0.27 143.76  1.41 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  0.27 143.76  1.41 
1 The following footnote was included in India's notification covering implementation years 2004 -2009: "Applied administered price is procurement price for lint cotton. A 
co-efficient of 2.35 has been used for conversion from seed cotton".  
 
Israel  
(Thousand USD) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 4,713  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  0 0 0 0 0 4,713  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 
 
Mexico  
(Million 1991 MXN) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  71.01  0 0 0 0 0 0 42.1 0.6 71.1 127.8  59.4 104.8  42.114  102.597  0.01 0 0 0 0 15.83  
Other product -specific support  0 2.2 3.4 9 5.8 2.1 1.4 23 23.5 7.9 7.4 0 31 0 24.608  34.95  50.13  25.31  19.6 20.87  14.33  
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  71.01  2.2 3.4 9 5.8 2.1 1.4 65.2 24.1 79 135.2  59.4 135.8  42.114  127.205  34.96  50.13  25.31  19.6 20.87  30.16  
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 21 - Peru  
(Million USD) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  
Market price support  0 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0  0 0 0 6.2 5.4 7 7.9 6.9 6.2 5.8 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  0 0 0  0 0 0 6.2 5.4 7 7.9 6.9 6.2 5.8 0 0 
 
South Africa  
(Million ZAR) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
Market price support  0 46.66  33.74  (4.81)  (42.95)  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  4.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  4.2 46.66  33.74  (4.81)  (42.95)  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
 
Turkey  
(USD)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2002  2003  2004  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 85,725,917  107,867,259  145,642,951  
Other product -specific support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 85,725,917  107,867,259  145,642,951  
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 22 - United States of America  
(Million USD) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  34.962  6.401  444.942  824.027  2,136.897  987.003  2,723.039  921.055  185.501  1,790.501  
Other product -specific support  (3.0) (3.0) 20.678  110.653  216.238  62.75  87.073  265.738  249.413  447.914  
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  31.962  3.401  465.62  934.68  2,353.135  1,049.753  2,810.112  1,186.793  434.914  2,238.415  
 
(Million USD)  
 2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  1,283.707  1,080.050  0.831  953.161  33.119  0 0.001  0 65.937  371.704  
Other product -specific support  336.992  285.127  207.079  430.316  335.320  400.846  894.430  636.125  507.597  584.704  
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  1,620.699  1,365.177  207.91  1,383.477  368.439  400.846  894.431  636.125  573.534  956.408  
 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 23 - 
 
  Viet Nam 
(Billion VND)  
  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Market price support  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Non-exempt direct payments  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other product -specific support  0.074  0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific EMS  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Product -specific AMS  0.074  0 0 0 0 0 0 
 
Charts on  product -specific AMS notified for cotton by category of support  
Based on the information presented in section 2.1.1 above, the charts in this section show, by 
Member and by year, (i) the various levels for the domestic support categories that were included 
in the calculation of  the product -specific AMS notified for cot ton and (ii) the overall cotton  
AMS figure (italic and underlined figures represent support notified as de minimis ; figures in 
brackets represent support notified as negative ). 
 
Chart 2.1: Brazil  
 
 
 
 
46,446.47
12,75110,28455,424
35,08055,308
52,106
27,731
18,07427,42844,32582,712341,808
325,128
0269,019
0 0 0 062,716.80
-50,000050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015Thousand US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 24 - 
 
  Chart 2.2: China  
 
 
Chart 2.3: Colombia  
 
2,8543,503
1,790
1,205.6
1,034973.911,100.39
880.354,099.45
2,766.735,007
2,977
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Million RMB
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMS
2,980
289.21,002.6 7572,306.51,1152,8998,983.5
20.510,445.430,595
18,09124,775
17,75525,26125,592
5,35431,731
20,210
04,0008,00012,00016,00020,00024,00028,00032,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Thousand US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 25 - 
 
  Chart 2.4: European Union  
 
 
Chart 2.5: India  
Insert the chart for India from the tab "DS charts" in the Excel file "Charts_notif"  
 
 
800.4
772.7809.4
715.2
623.7795
575.1731.3769.4
725.4739.5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0100200300400500600700800900
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Million EUR
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMS
(2,106)0 0
(64.79)(72.45)
(91.46)(147.3)
(94.01)(140.62)
(150.28)(68.99)
(49.39) (6.64)243.14
6.95 0 0.27143.76
1.41
-2,250-2,000-1,750-1,500-1,250-1,000-750-500-2500250
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Million US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 26 - 
 
  Chart 2.6: Israel  
Insert the chart for ISRAEL from the tab "DS charts" in the Excel  file "Charts_notif"  
 
 
Chart 2.7: Mexico  
 
 
0 0 0 0 04,713
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0
05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,5005,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Thousand US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMS
71.01
2.2 3.495.82.1 1.465.2
24.179135.2
59.4135.8
42.114127.205
34.9650.13
25.31
19.620.8730.16
020406080100120140160
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015Million 1991 Mex$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 27 - 
 
  Chart 2.8: Peru  
 
 
Chart 2.9: South Africa  
 
0 0 0 0 0 06.2
5.477.9
6.9
6.2
5.8
0 0
0123456789
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Million US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMS
4.246.66
33.74
(4.81)
(42.95)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-50-40-30-20-100102030405060
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Million Rand
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 28 - 
 
  Chart 2.10: Turkey  
 
 
Chart 2.11: United States of America  
 
0 0 0 0 0 085,725,917107,867,259145,642,951
020,000,00040,000,00060,000,00080,000,000100,000,000120,000,000140,000,000160,000,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004USD
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMS
31.962
3.401465.62934.682,353.135
1,049.7532,810.112
1,186.793
434.9142,238.415
1,620.699
1,365.177
207.911,383.477
368.439400.846894.431
636.125
573.534956.408
-30003006009001,2001,5001,8002,1002,4002,7003,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Million US$
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 29 - 
 
  Chart 2.12: Viet Nam  
 
 
Overview of cotton product -specific support, current total AMS and value of production 
for cotton  
2.5.  Further to Members' requests at the third dedicated discussion, the following table shows , for 
each Member listed in Section 2.1  and for the most recent year of notification , the level of product -
specific AMS for cotton, together with the current Total AMS and the value of production for cotton  
(if available) . For ease of comparison, p roduct -specific  AMS for cotton are further expressed in US 
dollars. The following column hea dings are used:  
Member  Name of  Member ha ving notified product -specific support for 
cotton, as shown  in Section 2.1.1;  
 
Latest year  notified  The most recent year for which a domestic support notification is 
available for  the Member concerned;  
 
Notified Currency  The currency used in the Member's notification;  
 
Cotton -specific AMS  Product -specific support notified for cotton. Italic and underlined 
figures  represent support notified  as de minimis ; 
 
Current Total AMS  Sum of all product -specific and  non-product -specific AMS as 
notified in Table  DS:1 or Supporting Table DS:4. " De minimis" 
represents cases  where all product -specific and non -product 
specific support are notified  as de minimis . "0" indicates that the 
Member has not notified any product -specific or non-product 
specific support;  
 
VoP-cotton  Value of production data notified for cotton, if available;  
 
Cotton -specific AMS in US D Product -specific support notified for cotton expressed in US dollars. 
Where data were provided in a currency  other than US D, the 
conver sion to  USD was made using the exchange rates from the 
IMF's "International Financial Statistics". The IMF exchange rates 
are year averages for the relevant year  of notification  of each 
Member. Italic and underlined figures repre sent support notified  as 
de minimis . 
 
0.074
0 0 0 0 0 000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Billion VND
Market price support Non-exempt direct payments Other product-specific support Product-specific EMSTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 30 - 
 
  Member  Latest year  
notified  Notified  
currency  Cotton -specific  
AMS Current Total  
AMS VoP-cotton  Cotton -specific 
AMS 
(Million US D) 
Brazil   2015 Thousand US D de minimis  62,716.8  de minimis  3,377,691.6  0 
China  2010 Million RMB  de minimis  2,977  de minimis  160,420  de minimis  446.55  
Colombia  2013 Thousand US D 20,210  20,210  65,814  20.210  
European Union  2013 Million EUR  0 5971.7    0 
India 2013 Million US D de minimis  1.41 de minimis    0 
Israel  2016 Thousand US D 0 503,138  45,089  0 
Mexico  2015 Million 1991 M XN de minimis  30.16  1,810.30  736.88  de minimis  1.903  
Peru 2010 Million US D 0 de minimis    0 
South Africa  2014 Million rand  0 0   0 
Turkey  2004 USD de minimis  145,642,951  4,214,942  3,510,751,530  de minimis 145.643  
United States of 
America  2014 Million US D 956.408  3,809.925  6,162.848  956.408  
Viet Nam  2013 Billion VND  0 de minimis  
 0 
 
2.1.2   DIRECT PAYMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 6.5  
2.6.  This section details  the levels  of direct payments for cotton in  accordance with Article  6.5 as 
notified in Supporting Table  DS:3. Since 1995, two Members have notified this type of support for 
cotton:  the Eur opean Union  from implementation year 2006 onwards and the United States  for 
1995 only. 
2.7.  The notified currency un it is indicated i n brackets in the title for both Members . 
2.8.  The information presented in each table is also presented as a chart  showing  the level of the 
direct  payment notified by the  Member  concerned . 
European Union  
(Million EUR) 
Description of Measure  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Payments based on fixed area and yields: Cot ton 
(Title IV, Chapter  10a of R  1782/2003)1 254.5  247.5  216.9  221.7  247.3  245.8  242.3  231.8  
1 As of 2009, the reference for the payment also includes Title IV, Chapter 1 of Regulation 73/2009.  
 
United States of America  
(Million USD) 
Description of Measure  1995  
Payments based on 85% or less of base level of production: Deficiency payments for marketing year 
1995 were only made on 85 % of base acreage and program yields have been held constant . 901.022  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 31 - 
 
  Charts on direct payments for cotton in accordance with Article 6.5  
Chart 2.13: European Union  
 
 
Chart 2.14: United States of America  
 
254.5
247.5
216.9221.7247.3245.8
242.3
231.8
190200210220230240250260
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Million EUR
01002003004005006007008009001,000
1995Million US$TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 32 - 
 
  3  MARKET ACCESS  
3.1.  By way of an introduction to this Part on tariffs and  non-tariff measures relevant to market 
access for cotton , the following overview charts show the evolution of total imports of cotton with 
a bre akdown between imports from LDCs  and from the rest of the world , in value and quantity , 
over the period 2006-2016. 
Charts on market access (overview)1 
Chart 3.1: Total imports of cotton from World and LDCs, 2006 -2016 , value  
Insert the chart from the tab "chart value" in the Excel file "cotton import charts"  
 
Chart 3.2: Total imports of cotton from World and LDCs, 2006 -2016 , quantity  
Insert the chart from the tab "chart quantity" in the Excel file "cotton import charts"  
 
1 Sum of available reporters – Source UN Comtrade  – HS codes 5201, 5202 and 5203 . 
 
 
0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%12.0%
05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016USD Millions
From LDCs (Left axis)
From World minus LDCs (Left axis)
Imports from LDC as % of total imports (Right axis)
0.0%1.0%2.0%3.0%4.0%5.0%6.0%7.0%8.0%9.0%10.0%
02,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015Thousand Tonnes
From World minus LDCs (Left axis) From LDCs (Left axis) Imports from LDC as % of total imports (Right axis)TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 33 - 
 
  3.2.  The following overview  tables show total imports  of cotton and imports from LDCs, in value 
and quantity , for the 32 Members identified in paragraphs 12 and 13  of this paper . The last 
column shows  the percentag e of imports originating from LDCs.   
Imports of cotton14 from  World and LDC s, 201615 in value  (USD Million)  
 World  LDC Percentage of imports  from 
LDCs (%)  
Australia 0 0 0 
Bahrain, Kingdom of  24 10 42 
Bangladesh1 2,254 167 7 
Brazil  42 0 0 
Canada  7 0 0 
China  1671 52 3 
Colombia  54 2 4 
Egypt  141 49 35 
European Union2 351 42 12 
Hong Kong, China  12 0 0 
Iceland  0 0 0 
India 885 161 18 
Indonesia  1,088 129 12 
Japan  125 0 0 
Kenya3 5 4 80 
Korea, Republic of  380 1 0 
Malaysia  160 1 1 
Mauritius  34 27 80 
Mexico  357 0 0 
Morocco  16 3 21 
New Zealand  0 0 0 
Norway  1 0 1 
Pakistan  583 97 17 
Peru 68 0 0 
Russian Federation  97 0 0 
South Africa  28 20 73 
Switzerland -Liechtenstein  22 0 0 
Chinese Taipei  239 8 3 
Thailand1 551 102 19 
Turkey  1,247 66 5 
United States of America  29 0 0 
Viet Nam1 1,619 246 15 
1 Imports in 2015. 
2 Sum of EU member S tates (as reported to Comtrade), extra-trade.  
3 Imports in 2013 . 
Source:  UN Comtrade database.  
Imports of cotton16 from  World an d LDCs,  201617 in quantity  (metric tonnes)  
 World  LDC Percentage of imports from 
LDCs (%)  
Australia  165 0 0 
Bahrain, Kingdom of  15,159  6,679  44 
Bangladesh1 1,329,924  100,680  8 
Brazil  30,584  620 2 
Canada  11,353  0 0 
China  1,008,666  36,309  4 
Colombia  34,597  1,552  4 
Egypt  89,203  31,325  35 
                                                
14 HS codes 5201, 5202, 5203.  
15 For those Members whose import stati stics are not available for 2016,  imports in previous years are 
listed.  
16 HS codes 5201, 5202, 5203.  
17 For those Members whose import stati stics are not available for 2016, imports in previous years are 
listed.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 34 - 
 
   World  LDC Percentage of imports from 
LDCs (%)  
European Union2 255,274  30,383  12 
Hong Kong, China  19,918  608 3 
Iceland  5 0 0 
India 480,925  110,869  23 
Indonesia  678,936  85,122  13 
Japan  74,822  198 0 
Kenya3 2,323  2,208  95 
Korea, Republic of  234,822  997 0 
Malaysia  97,093  894 1 
Mauritius  20,962  16,743  80 
Mexico  229,307  0   
Morocco  9,879  2,054  21 
New Zealand  21 0   
Norway  176 1 1 
Pakistan  340,601  60,415  18 
Peru 37,421  0 0 
Russian Federation  67,999  0 0 
South Africa  18,581  13,805  74 
Switzerland -Liechtenstein  11,958  0 0 
Chinese Taipei  170,175  5,767  3 
Thailand1 526,654  66,019  13 
Turkey  832,133  46,640  6 
United States of America  22,132  40 0 
Viet Nam1 1,009,031  156,617  16 
1 Imports in 2015.  
2 Sum of EU member States (as reported to Comtrade), extra -trade.  
3 Imports in 2013.  
Source:  UN Comtrade database.  
 
The following overview tables18 show, for major cotton  exporters, data on export volumes 
(including international food aid) and shares in world exports. The statistics cover the Uruguay 
Round base period for export subs idy reduction commitments, i.e.  1986-90, as well as the period 
between 200 3 and 2013 .19 Exporters are ranked in descending order based on their exports in the 
most recent year for which data are available. The symbol "RC" indicated in the last column of the 
tables refers to Members with export subsidy re duction commitments. The Member  that are 
"significant exporters"20 for the purposes of the Table  ES:2 notification requirement are 
distinguished by the symbol "SE" . The symbol  "–" has been used to denote "not available" or "not 
applicable".  
                                                
18 Reproduced from the most recent revision of the Secretariat note on "Members' Participation in the 
Normal Growth of World Trade in Agricultural Products - Article 18.5 of the Agreement on Agriculture", 
G/AG/W/32/R ev.15 dated 5 February 2016.  
19 Data for 1991 to 2002  are included in previous revisions of the Secretariat  note. 
20 Listed in G/AG/2/Add.1.   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 35 - Cotton , export volume  (thousand tonnes)  
 Base period  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  Comments  
United States of America  1,287  2,748  2,959  3,464  3,603  3,338  3,063  2,601  3,014  2,820  2,804  2,837  SE 
India 126 180 77 615 1,162  1,558  458 1,358  1,604  1,917  1,983  2,460   
Australia  253 460 447 600 580 329 226 318 475 797 1,213  1,175  SE 
Brazil  109 177 333 395 310 431 548 524 513 759 1,054  573 RC 
Uzbekistan  - 673 862 1,032  993 954 377 234 480 248 351 320  
Mali 81 180 237 260 229 152 142 58 57 78 157 307  
European Union1 73 285 299 243 353 181 229 314 258 178 357 302  
Burkina Faso  53 195 180 195 193 201 141 199 166 180 184 274  
Pakistan  610 149 135 216 164 134 131 125 229 241 292 207 SE 
Turkmenistan  - 120 93 129 170 136 64 66 98 47 62 169  
Benin  39 166 129 163 91 154 109 89 68 53 99 156  
Côte d'Ivoire  84 145 108 131 97 81 55 49 85 71 116 150  
Turkey  108 141 100 90 129 137 110 86 83 106 119 115  
Hong Kong, China  78 70 71 69 115 93 62 76 105 59 77 115  
Malaysia  3 9 9 9 9 9 15 24 29 113 243 103  
Cameroon  37 92 98 117 83 81 38 58 54 56 76 86  
Tanzania  46 50 73 116 73 55 91 102 70 42 126 86  
Kazakhstan  - 106 145 164 187 173 95 70 59 30 54 80  
Mexico  73 36 54 71 63 66 65 48 46 68 98 77  
Mozambique  4 25 20 21 28 32 26 20 17 17 25 72  
Zimbabwe  65 71 174 70 66 79 71 90 87 90 135 59  
Zambia  4 34 100 54 54 36 23 38 34 44 111 57  
Tajikistan  - 151 135 139 121 106 89 63 73 41 62 52  
Egypt  92 197 184 97 55 129 98 17 56 62 58 43  
Syrian Arab Republic  67 136 121 162 151 55 56 75 91 9 7 40  
Nigeria  1 27 15 23 27 20 20 18 21 14 36 37  
Argentina  79 6 12 33 6 12 3 18 48 94 82 36  
Togo 33 63 44 28 28 23 91 1 0 143 33 34  
Sudan  - - - - - - - - - 0 3 31  
Indonesia  1 38 29 36 41 37 31 25 29 21 22 28  
Republic of Korea  10 16 15 13 10 12 12 12 12 12 15 21  
Afghanistan  4 7 6 1 3 10 9 16 4 6 9 20  
Chad 43 49 46 45 53 45 22 18 10 15 22 20  
Israel  57 21 24 25 20 14 11 12 14 10 13 19 RC 
Uganda  3 10 19 30 18 16 8 18 12 26 43 19   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 36 -  Base period  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  Comments  
Kyrgyzstan  - 43 47 52 46 33 24 22 20 21 27 16  
Malawi  2 5 13 10 10 20 14 42 15 17 24 15  
Singapore  12 3 1 2 4 8 9 16 14 1 0 14  
Paraguay  164 58 103 79 15 42 31 16 16 4 26 13  
Senegal  7 24 19 17 19 21 14 9 13 14 10 13  
Thailand  8 12 8 7 7 7 4 8 0 9 6 9  
China  459 117 12 8 16 24 21 9 7 26 18 7  
South Africa  5 7 11 25 7 6 4 20 13 13 10 5 RC 
Colombia  35 0 2 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 RC 
Rest of world  1,106  252 231 213 186 188 172 128 124 103 129 107  
World  5,322  7,352  7,799  9,271  9,599  9,239  6,884  7,107  8,222  8,675  10,394  10,381   
1 The trade data of the European Union (EU)  as well as the aggregate exports (referred to as "world totals" in the tables) exclude intra -EU trade. The data for the EU refer 
to the EU -12 for the base period 1986 -90, to the EU -15 for 2003 , to the EU -25 between 2004 -2006, to the EU -27 between 2007-2012 and to the EU -28 for 2013 .  
 
Source:  FAO.  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 37 - Cotton , share of world exports  (%) 
 Base period  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  Comments  
United States of America  24.2 37.4 37.9 37.4 37.5 36.1 44.5 36.6 36.7 32.5 27.0 27.3 SE 
India 2.4 2.4 1.0 6.6 12.1 16.9 6.6 19.1 19.5 22.1 19.1 23.7  
Australia  4.8 6.3 5.7 6.5 6.0 3.6 3.3 4.5 5.8 9.2 11.7 11.3 SE 
Brazil  2.0 2.4 4.3 4.3 3.2 4.7 8.0 7.4 6.2 8.8 10.1 5.5 RC 
Uzbekistan  - 9.2 11.0 11.1 10.3 10.3 5.5 3.3 5.8 2.9 3.4 3.1  
Mali 1.5 2.4 3.0 2.8 2.4 1.6 2.1 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.5 3.0  
European Union  1.4 3.9 3.8 2.6 3.7 2.0 3.3 4.4 3.1 2.0 3.4 2.9  
Burkina Faso  1.0 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.6  
Pakistan  11.5 2.0 1.7 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.9 1.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.0 SE 
Turkmenistan  - 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.6  
Benin  0.7 2.3 1.7 1.8 0.9 1.7 1.6 1.3 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.5  
Côte d'Ivoire  1.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.4  
Turkey  2.0 1.9 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1  
Hong Kong, China  1.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.7 0.7 1.1  
Malaysia  0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.3 2.3 1.0  
Cameroon  0.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8  
Tanzania  0.9 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.6 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.5 1.2 0.8  
Kazakhstan  - 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.8  
Mexico  1.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7  
Mozambique  0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7  
Zimbabwe  1.2 1.0 2.2 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6  
Zambia  0.1 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.5  
Tajikistan  - 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.5  
Egypt  1.7 2.7 2.4 1.0 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4  
Syrian Arab Republic  1.3 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.4  
Nigeria  0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4  
Argentina  1.5 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.3  
Togo 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.3 0.3  
Sudan  - - - - - - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.3  
Indonesia  0.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3  
Republic of Korea  0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2  
Afghanistan  0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2  
Chad 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2  
Israel  1.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 RC  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 38 -  Base period  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  Comments  
Uganda  0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2  
Kyrgyzstan  - 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1  
Malawi  0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1  
Singapore  0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1  
Paraguay  3.1 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1  
Senegal  0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1  
Thailand  0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1  
China  8.6 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1  
South Africa  0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 RC 
Colombia  0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 RC 
Rest of world  20.8 3.4 3.0 2.3 1.9 2.0 2.5 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.0  
World  100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100  
Source : FAO. 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 39 - 
 
  3.3.  As explained at the beginning of this background paper, this Part on Market Access provides 
information on the cotton tariff levels and the use of various non -tariff measures for the 
32 Members identified as per  paragraphs 12 and 13. Part Three is divided into four sections:  
 Section 3.1 lists bound and applied tariffs for cotton based on (i) Members' schedules as 
reflected in the CTS database, and (ii) data on applied tariffs conta ined in the 
IDB database;  
 Section 3. 2 provides information  on the special safeguard provisions for cotton  based on 
Members' schedules and Table MA:3, MA:4 and MA:5 notifications;  
 Section 3.3 provides information on cotton tariff rate quotas based on Members' 
schedules and Table MA:1 and MA:2 notificati ons; and  
 Section 3.4 lists various other non -tariff measures, based on data contained in the 
WTO I-TIP Goods database  and notifications under the Agreement on Import Licensing 
procedures . 
3.4.  Market access data for the relevant cotton -related products (other than cotton) included in 
the list annexed to the Nairobi Ministerial Decision on Cotton21 are available in the Addendum to  
this document  (TN/AG/GEN/34/ Rev.7 /Add.1) , using the same methodology and presentation as in 
this Part . 
3.1  TARIFFS  
3.5.  This section lists bound and applied duties for cotton for the 32 Members identified in 
paragraphs  12 and 13 of this paper . 
3.6.  The following first table shows the average and maximum bound and applied duties for the 
cotton product group22, as they appear in  the World Tariff Profile 2017.23 The methodology used to 
calculate these average and maximum duties, in particular  the averaging and the ad valorem  
equivalent calculation, can be found in the World Tariff Profile  2017. 
Bound and Applied Tariff fro m World T ariff Profile 2017  for Cotton Product Group  
 Average Duty  
(%) Maximum Duty  
(%) 
Member  Bound  Applied (2016 ) Bound  Applied (2016 ) 
Australia  1.2 0 2 0 
Bahrain, Kingdom of  35 5 35 5 
Bangladesh  200 3.5 200 5 
Brazil  55 6.4 55 8 
Canada  0.8 0 8 0 
China  22 18 40 40 
Colombia  75.8 5 99 5 
Egypt  5 4 5 5 
European Union  0 0 0 0 
Hong Kong, China  0 0 0 0 
Iceland  2.2 0 11 0 
India 110 6 150 30 
Indonesia  37.4 4 40 5 
Japan  0 0 0 0 
Kenya  100 0 100 0 
Korea, Republic of  2 0 2 0 
Malaysia  4 0 5 0 
Mauritius  122 0 122 0 
Mexico  39.4 0 45 0 
Morocco  22 2.5 34 2.5 
New Zealand  0 0 0 0 
Norway  0 0 0 0 
Pakistan  13 7.8 25 11 
Peru*  30 2.4 30 6 
Russian Federation  0 0 0 0 
                                                
21 Paragraph 4 of WT/MIN/(15)/46 and WT/L/981  
22 Corresponding to the Harmonized System nomenclature 2012 (HS 2012) hea dings 52.01 to 52.03.  
23 https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/tariff_profiles17_e.pdf   TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 40 - 
 
   Average Duty  
(%) Maximum Duty  
(%) 
Member  Bound  Applied (2016 ) Bound  Applied (2016 ) 
South Africa  60 4.4 60 15 
Switzerland  0 0 0 0 
Chinese Taipei  0 0 0 0 
Thailand*  4.5 0 4.5 0 
Turkey  10.9 0 12.6 0 
United States of America  4.57 4.6 16.16  16.2 
Viet Nam  14 6 20 10 
* Data for 2015 . 
 
Bound and Applied Cotton Tariff s (most recent year available)  
3.7.  The series of tables below show, f or each Member, scheduled bound cotton tariffs as  reflected  
in the CTS database and the  applied  cotton  tariffs as reported  in the IDB database . The following 
column headings  are used : 
BOUND DUTIES : Bound duties presente d according to the following column sub headings:  
 
Tariff line (HS year)  The tariff item number(s) as specified in the Member's schedule 
reproduced in the CTS file, using  the HS nomenclature  indicated in 
brackets ; 
 
Designation : The product description for the corresponding tariff heading, 
subheading or line,  as specified in  the Mem ber's schedule 
reproduced in the CTS file  (in original language only) ; 
 
Bound Duty : The level of duty for the corresponding tariff line, as specified in 
the Member's schedule reproduced in the CTS file;  and  
 
Other Duty and Charges : The level of other duties and charges (and related information) for 
the corresponding tariff line, as and when specified in the 
Member's schedule reproduced in the CTS file.  
 
APPLIED DUTIES : Applied duties (for the most recent year available as indicated in brackets), 
presente d according to the following column sub headings:  
 
Tariff line (HS year)  The tariff item number(s) as specified in the Member's IDB file, using  the 
HS nomenclature indicated in brackets;  
 
MFN The level of applied MFN duty for the corresponding tariff line, as specified 
in the Member's IDB file;  and 
 
LDC Preferential  The level of duty for the corresponding tariff line, as specified in the 
Member's IDB file, applied in the context of a preferential regime for 
LDC imports. The absence of data in th e column reflects either the absence 
of such a regime for that Member or the absence of information on such a 
regime within the IDB.  
Australia  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 201 6) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock):           
520210  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  2%   52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:           
520291  -- Garnetted stock  2%   52029100  0% 0% 
520299  -- Other  2%   52029900  0% 0% 
520300  Cotton, carded or combed  0%   52030000  0% 0% 
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 41 - 
 
  Bahrain , Kingdom of  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2014 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  35%  52010000  5%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  35%  52021000  5%  
52029  - Other:       
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  35%  52029100  5%  
52029900  -- Other  35%  52029900  5%  
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  35%  52030000  5%  
Bangladesh  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2013 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 1996)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed  200%  2.5%  52010000  0%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
520210  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  200%  2.5%  52021000  5%  
52029  - Other:       
520291  -- Garnetted stock  200%  2.5%  52029100  5%  
520299  -- Other  200%  2.5%     
      52029910¹  0%  
      52029990²  5%  
520300  Cotton, carded or combed  200%  2.5%  52030000  5%  
1 Cotton waste . 
2 Cotton waste, nes . 
Brazil  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Algodón sin cardar ni peinar       
52010010  Sin desmotar  55%  52010010  6%  
52010020  Simplemente desmotado  55%  52010020  6%  
52010090  Los demás  55%  52010090  6%  
5202 Desperdicios de algodón (incluidos los 
desperdicios de hilados y las hilachas)       
52021000  Desperdicios de hilados  55%  52021000  6%  
52029  - Los demás:       
52029100  Hilachas  55%  52029100  6%  
52029900  Los demás  55%  52029900  6%  
52030000  Algodón cardado o peinado  55%  52030000  8%  
Canada  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 201 7) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)            
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:            
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  0%   52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  0%   52029900  0% 0% 
520300  Cotton, carded or combed      52030000  0% 0% 
52030010  --- Slivers  0%         
52030090  --- Other  8%         
 
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 42 - 
 
  China  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 20 17) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 1996)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201 Cotton, not carded or combed            
52010000  - Cotton, not carded or combed  40%   52010000  40% 40% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste a nd 
garnetted stock)            
52021000  -Yarn waste (including thread waste)  10%   52021000  10% 0% 
52029  - Other :           
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  10%   52029100  10% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  10%   52029900  10% 10% 
5203 Cotton, carded or combed            
52030000  - Cotton, carded or combed  40%   52030000  40% 40% 
Colombia  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201000000  Algodón sin cardar ni peinar  99%        
        5201001000 ¹ 5%   
        5201002000 ² 5%   
        5201003000 ³ 5%   
        5201009000 ⁴ 5%   
5202 Desperdicios de algodón (incluidos los 
desperdi cios de hilados y las hilachas)            
5202100000  - Desperdicios de hilados  70%   5202100000  5%   
52029  - Los demás:            
5202910000  -- Hilachas  70%   5202910000  5%   
5202990000  -- Los demás  70%   5202990000  5%   
5203000000  Algodón cardado o peinado  70%   5203000000  5%   
1 De longitud de fibra superior a 34.92 mm (1 3/8 pulgada) . 
2 De longitud de fibra superior a 28.57 mm (1 1/8 pulgada) pero inf erior o igual a 34.92 mm 
(1 3/8 pulgada) . 
3 De longitud de fibra superior a 22.22 mm (7/8 pulgada) pero inf erior o igual a 28.57 mm 
(1 1/8 pulgada) . 
4 De longitud de fibra inferior o igual a 22.22 mm (7/8 pulgada) . 
Egypt  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  5%  5201000010 ¹ 0% 
 
    5201000030 ² 0% 
 
    5201000033 ³ 0% 
 
    5201000034 ⁴ 0% 
 
    5201000035 ⁵ 0% 
 
    5201000036 ⁶ 0% 
 
    5201000037 ⁷ 0% 
 
    5201000038 ⁸ 0% 
 
    5201000039 ⁹ 0% 
 
    520100004110 0% 
 
    520100004211 0% 
 
    520100004312 0% 
 
    520100004413 0% 
 
    520100004514 0% 
 
    520100004615 0% 
 
    520100004716 0% 
 
    520100004817 0% 
 
    520100005018 0% 
 
    520100009019 0% 
 5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)          TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 43 - 
 
  Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  5%  5202100000  5%  
52029  - Other:          
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  5%  5202910000  5%  
52029900  -- Other  5%  5202990000  5%  
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  5%  5203000000  5%  
1 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 45 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
2 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 31 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
3 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 66 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
4 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 67 not carded or combed,  not ginned.  
5 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 68 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
6 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 69 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
7 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 83 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
8 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 84 not carded or com bed, not ginned.  
9 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 85 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
10 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 76 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
11 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 77 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
12 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 80 not carded  or combed, not ginned.  
13 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 81 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
14 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 82 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
15 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 70 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
16 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 72 no t carded or combed, not ginned.  
17 Raw cotton not mixed Giza 75 not carded or combed, not ginned.  
18 Other cotton not carded or combed, not ginned.  
19 Other cotton not carded or combed, ginned.  
European Union  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201 Cotton, not carded or combed:        
52010010  - Rendered absorbent or bleached  0%  52010010  0% 0% 
52010090  - Other  0%  52010090  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock):       
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%  52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:       
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  0%  52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  0%  52029900  0% 0% 
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%  52030000  0% 0% 
Hong Kong , China  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000  0%   
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock).           
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   52021000  0%   
52029  - Other:           
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  0%   52029100  0%   
52029900  -- Other  0%   52029900  0%   
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%   52030000  0%   
Iceland  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201 Cotton, not carded or combed       
52010000  - Cotton, not carded or combed  0%  52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  11%  52021000  0% 0% TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 44 - 
 
  Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52029  - Other:       
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  0%  52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  0%  52029900  0% 0% 
5203 Cotton, carded or combed       
52030000  - Cotton, carded or combed  0%  52030000  0% 0% 
India  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  100%         
        52010011¹  0% 0% 
        52010012²  0% 0% 
        52010013 ³ 0% 0% 
        52010014⁴  0% 0% 
        52010015⁵  0% 0% 
        52010019 ⁶ 0% 0% 
        52010020⁷  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)           
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  100%    52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:           
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  100%    52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  100%    52029900  0% 0% 
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  150%    52030000  30% 0% 
1 Bengal deshi . 
2 Indian cotton of staple lengths 20.5 mm (25/32") and below (e g. oomras, yellow picking, Assam 
Comillas) . 
3 Indian cotton of staple length exceeding 20.5mm (26/32") and but not exceeding 24.5mm (30/32") . 
4 Indian cotton of staple length over 24.5 mm (31/32 ") to 28 mm . 
5 Indian cotton of staple length 28.5 mm (1 4/32 ") and above but below 34.5 mm . 
6 Indian  cotton of all staple length 34 .5 mm and above (1 12/32 "). 
7 Cotton, other than Indian, of all staple lengths . 
Indonesia  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201 Cotton, not carded or combed            
520100000  - Cotton, not carded or combed  27%   5201000000  0%   
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)           
520210000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  40%   5202100000  5%   
52029  - Other :          
520291000  -- Garnetted stock  40%   5202910000  5%   
520299000  -- Other : 40%   5202990000  5%   
5203 Cotton, carded or combed           
520300000  - Cotton, carded or combed  40%   5203000000  5%   
 
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 45 - 
 
  Japan  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  - Cotton, not carded or combed  0%  520100000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
520210  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%  520210000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:       
520291  -- Garnetted stock  0%  520291000  0% 0% 
520299  -- Other  0%  520299000  0% 0% 
520300  - Cotton, carded or combed  0%  520300000  0% 0% 
Kenya  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line  
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed.  100%   52010000  0%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock).        
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  100%   52021000  0%  
52029  - Other:        
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  100%   52029100  0%   
52029900  -- Other  100%   52029900  0%   
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  100%   52030000  0%   
Korea, Republic of  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed       
5201001000  --- Seed cotton  2%  5201001000  0% 0% 
52010090  --- Other          
5201009010  ----- Less than 232 mm (7/8 inch) of 
fibre-length  2%  5201009010  0% 0% 
5201009020  ----- Not less than 232 mm (7/8 inch), but 
less than 254 mm (1 inch) of fibre -length  2%  5201009020  0% 0% 
5201009030  ----- Not less than 254 mm (1 inch),but 
less than 285 mm (11/8 inch) of fibre -
length  2%  5201009030  0% 0% 
5201009050  ----- Not less than 285 mm (1 -1/8 inch), 
but less than 349 mm (1 -3/8 inch) of fiber 
length  2%  5201009050  0% 0% 
5201009060  ----- Not less than 349 mm (1 -3/8 inch) of 
fiber-length  2%  5201009060  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
5202100000  --- 1. Yarn waste (including thread waste)  2%  5202100000  0% 0% 
52029  - 2. Other:       
5202910000  --- A. Garnetted stock  2%  5202910000  0% 0% 
5202990000  --- B. Other  2%  5202990000  0% 0% 
5203000000  --- Cotton, carded or combed  2%  5203000000  0% 0% 
Malaysia  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other  
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%  52010000 0 0%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
520210000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  5%  52021000 0 0%  
52029  - Other:        
520291000  -- Garnetted stock  5%  52029100 0 0%  
520299000  -- Other  5%  52029900 0 0%  
520300000  Cotton, carded or combed  5%  52030000 0 0%  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 46 - 
 
  Mauritius  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 201 7) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  122%  17% 52010000  0%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)       
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  122%  17% 52021000  0%  
52029  - Other:        
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  122%  17% 52029100  0%  
52029900  -- Other  122%  17% 52029900  0%  
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  122%  17% 52030000  0%  
Mexico  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Algodón sin cardar ni peinar  45%     
    52010001¹  0%  
    52010002²  0%  
    52010099³  0%  
5202 Desperdicios de algodón (incluidos los 
desperdicios  de hilados y las hilachas)        
520210  - Desperdicios de hilados  37%  52021001  0%  
52029  - Los demás:        
520291  -- Hilachas  37%  52029101  0%  
520299  -- Los demás        
52029901  -- Borra  37%  52029901  0%  
52029999  -- Demás  45%  52029999  0%  
520300  Algodón cardado o peinado  37%  52030001  0%  
1 Con pepita . 
2 Sin pepita, de fibra con más de 29 mm de longitud.  
3 Los demás . 
Morocco  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 201 7) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201 Coton, non cardé ni peigné       
5201000010  ––– non égrené  19% 15% 5201000010  2.5%  2.5%  
5201000091  ––– égrené :      
5201000091  –––– écru 19% 15% 5201000091  2.5%  0% 
5201000099  –––– autres  19% 15% 5201000099  2.5%  0% 
5202 Déchets de coton (y compris les déchets 
de fils et les effilochés).       
520210  – Déchets de fils       
5202100010  ––– déchets de fils pour essuyages 
industriels  19% 15% 5202100010  2.5%  2.5%  
5202100090  ––– autres  19% 15% 5202100090  2.5%  2.5%  
52029  – Autres:         
5202910000  –– Effilochés  19% 15% 5202910000  2.5%  2.5%  
5202990000  –– Autres  19% 15% 5202990000  2.5%  2.5%  
5203 Coton, cardé ou peigné       
52030010  ––– écru, décrué ou blanchi:       
5203001010  –––– écru 34% 15% 5203001010  2.5%  2.5%  
5203001020  –––– décrué  34% 15% 5203001020  2.5%  2.5%  
5203001090  –––– blanchi  34% 15% 5203001090  2.5%  2.5%  
5203009000  ––– autres  34% 15% 5203009000  2.5%  2.5%  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 47 - 
 
  New Zealand  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%  52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock):       
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%  52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:        
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  0%  52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- Other  0%  52029900  0% 0% 
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%  52030000  0% 0% 
Norway  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock).           
5202100  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:           
5202910  -- Garnetted stock  0%   52029100  0% 0% 
5202990  -- Other  0%   52029900  0% 0% 
5203000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%   52030000  0% 0% 
Pakistan  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed           
52010010  --- American  5%       
52010020  --- Egyptian  5%       
    520100301 3%  
    520100402 3%  
    520100503 3%  
    520100604 3%  
    520100705 3%  
    520100806 3%  
52010090  --- Other  5%   52010090  3%   
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock).           
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  25%   52021000  11%   
52029  - Other:           
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  15%   52029100  11%   
52029900  -- Other  15%   52029900  11%   
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  5%   52030000  3%   
1 Length not exceeding 20.5 mm . 
2 Length exceeding 20.5 mm but not exceeding 24.5 mm . 
3 Length exceeding 24.5 mm but not exceeding 28.5 mm . 
4 Length exceeding 28.5 mm but not exceeding 31 mm . 
5 Length exceeding 31 mm but not exceeding 34.5 mm . 
6 Length exceeding  34.5 mm . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 48 - 
 
  Peru  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2015 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5201000000  ---Algodón sin cardar ni peinar.  30%     
    5201001000¹  6%  
    5201002000²  6%  
    5201003000³  6%  
    5201009000⁴  6%  
5202 Desperdicios de algodón (incluidos los 
desperdi cios de hilados y las hilachas)        
5202100000  - Desperdicios de hilados  30%  5202100000  0%  
52029  - Los demás:         
5202910000  -- Hilachas  30%  5202910000  0%  
5202990000  -- Los demás  30%  5202990000  0%  
5203000000  --- Algodón cardado o peinado  30%   5203000000  6%   
1 De longitud de fibra superior a 34.92 mm (1 3/8 pulgada) . 
2 De longitud de fibra superior a 28.57 mm (1 1/8 pulgada) pero  inferior o igual a 34.92 mm 
(1 3/8 pulgada) . 
3 De longitud de fibra superior a 22.22 mm (7/8 pulgada) pero inf erior o igual a 28.57 mm 
(1 1/8 pulgada) . 
4 De longitud de fibra inferior o igual a 22.22 mm (7/8 pulgada) . 
Russian  Federation  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed:            
5201001000  - rendered absorbent or bleached  0%   5201001000  0% 0% 
5201009000  - other  0%   5201009000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock):            
5202100000  - yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   5202100000  0% 0% 
52029  - other:            
5202910000  -- garnetted stock  0%   5202910000  0% 0% 
5202990000  -- other  0%   5202990000  0% 0% 
5203000000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%   5203000000  0% 0% TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 49 - 
 
  South  Africa  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties 
and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed            
52010010  --- Not ginned  60% 4.4c/kg cotton 
fibre (Normal 
levy)+3.3c/kg 
cotton fibre 
(Special levy)  52010010  0%   
52010020  --- Ginned but not further processed  60% 4.4c/kg cotton 
fibre (Normal 
levy)+3.3c/kg 
cotton fibre 
(Special levy)  52010020  160c/
kg1  
52010090  --- Other  60% 4.4c/kg cotton 
fibre (Normal 
levy)+3.3c/kg 
cotton fibre 
(Special levy)  52010090  15%  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste and 
garnetted stock):           
520210  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)      52021000  0%   
52021010  -- Unprocessed  60%        
52021090  -- Other  60%        
52029  - Other:           
520291  -- Garnetted stock          
52029110  --- Unprocessed  60%   52029100  0%   
52029190  --- Other  60%        
520299  -- Other      52029900  0%   
52029910  --- Unprocessed  60%        
52029990  --- Other  60%        
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  60%   52030000  15%  
1 "c/kg" stands for rand cent per kilo.  
Switzerland  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties 
and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Coton, non cardé ni peigné           
52010010  --- blanchi et dégraissé (hydrophile)  0%   52010010  0% 0% 
52010090  --- autres  0%   52010090  0% 0% 
5202 Déchets de coton (y compris les 
déchets de fils et les effilochés)           
52021000  - déchets de fils  0%   52021000  0% 0% 
52029  - Autres:           
52029100  -- effilochés  0%   52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  -- autres  0%   52029900  0% 0% 
52030000  - Coton, cardé ou peigné  0%   52030000  0% 0% 
Chinese  Taipei  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties 
and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 201 7) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000  0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste 
and garnetted stock)           
52021000  Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   52021000  0% 0% 
52029  Other:           
52029100  Garnetted cotton stock  0%   52029100  0% 0% 
52029900  Other cotton waste  0%   52029900  0% 0% 
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  0%   52030000  0% 0% 
 
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 50 - 
 
  Thailand  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2015 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties 
and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed  4.5%    52010000  0%  0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste 
and garnetted stock)           
520210  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  4.5%    52021000  0% 0%  
52029  - Other:           
520291  -- Garnetted stock  4.5%    52029100  0% 0%  
520299  -- Other  4.5%    52029900  0% 0%  
520300  Cotton, carded or combed  4.5%    52030000  0%  0% 
Turkey  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2015 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or 
combed          
5201001000  - Rendered absorbent 
or bleached  6% - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.  5201001000 00 0% 0% 
5201009000  - Other  6% - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.  5201009000 00 0% 0% 
5202 Cotton waste (including 
yarn waste and 
garnetted stock)            
5202100000  - Yarn waste (including 
thread waste)  12% - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.  520210000011  0% 0% 
    520210000019  0% 0% 
52029  - Other:            
5202910000  -- Garnetted stock  12% - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.     
    520291000011  0% 0% 
    520291000012  0% 0% 
    520291000013  0% 0% 
    520291000019  0% 0% 
5202990000  -- Other  12% - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.  520299000011  0% 0% 
    520299000012  0% 0% 
    520299000013  0% 0% 
    520299000018  0% 0% TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 51 - 
 
  Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2015 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2002)  Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other Duties and Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
5203000000  Cotton, carded or 
combed  12.6%  - Municipality share: 15% of 
customs duty, - 
Transportation infrastructure 
fee: 3% (in case of road, rail 
or air Transport) or 4% (in 
case of maritime transport) 
of the sum of CIF value, 
customs duty and other 
charges mentioned above.  5203000000  0% 0% 
United  States of America  
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520100  Cotton, not carded or combed:       
 - Having a staple length under 28.575 
mm (1 -1/8 inches):       
52010005  -- Harsh or rough, having a staple 
length under 19.05 mm (3/4 inch)  0%  52010005  0% 0% 
 -- Other:          
52010012  --- Described in general note 4 of the 
tariff schedule and entered pursuant 
to its provisions  0%  52010012  0% 0% 
52010014¹  --- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate 
Quota Notifications, TRQID USA035  0%  52010014  0% 0% 
52010018  --- Other  31.4¢/kg   52010018  31.4¢/kg  0% 
 - Having a staple length of 28.575 
mm (1 -1/8 inches) or more but under 
34.925 mm (1 -3/8 inches):           
52010022  -- Described in general note 4 of the 
tariff schedule and entered pursuant 
to its provisions  4.4¢/kg   52010022  4.4¢/kg  0% 
 -- Other, harsh or rough, having a 
staple length of 29.36875 mm (1 -
5/32 inches) or more and white in 
colour (except cotton of perished 
staple, grabbots and cotton pickings):           
52010024¹  --- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate 
Quota Notifications, TRQID USA036  4.4¢/kg    52010024  4.4¢/kg  0% 
52010028  --- Other  31.4¢/kg    52010028  31.4¢/kg  0% 
  -- Other:            
52010034¹  --- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate 
Quota Notifications, TRQID USA037  4.4¢/kg    52010034  4.4¢/kg  0% 
52010038  --- Other  31.4¢/kg    52010038  31.4¢/kg  0% 
  - Having a staple length of 34.925 
mm (1 -3/8 inches) or more:            
52010055  -- Described in general note 4 of the 
tariff schedule and entered pursuant 
to its provisions  1.5¢/kg    52010055  1.5¢/kg  1.5¢/kg  
52010060¹  -- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate Quota 
Notifications, TRQID USA038  1.5¢/kg    52010060  1.5¢/kg  1.5¢/kg  
52010080  -- Other  31.4¢/kg    52010080  31.4¢/kg  31.4¢/kg  
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste 
and garnetted stock):            
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  0%   52021000  0% 0% 
  - Other:            
52029100  -- Garnetted stock      52029100  4.3%  0% 
5202910001  --- Having a staple length under 
28.575 mm (1 -1/8 inches)  4.3%          
5202910002  --- Having a staple length 28.575 mm 
(1-1/8 inches) or more  4.3%          
520299  -- Other:            
  --- Card strips made from cotton 
having a staple length under 30.1625 
mm (1 -3/16 inches) and lap waste, 
sliver waste and roving waste:            
52029905  ---- Described in general note 4 of 
the tariff schedule and entered 
pursuant to its provisions  0%   52029905  0% 0% 
52029910¹  ---- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate 
Quota Notifications, TRQID USA039  0%   52029910  0% 0% 
52029930  ---- Other  7.8¢/kg    52029930  7.8¢/kg  0% 
52029950  --- Other  0%   52029950  0% 0% TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 52 - 
 
  Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2017 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2017 ) MFN LDC 
Preferential  
520300  Cotton, carded or combed:            
  - Fibers of cotton processed but not 
spun:            
52030005  -- Described in general note 4 of the 
tariff schedule and entered pursuant 
to its provisions  5%   52030005  5% 0% 
52030010¹  -- Described in U.S. Tariff -Rate Quota 
Notifications, TRQID USA040  5%   52030010  5% 0% 
52030030  -- Other  31.4¢/kg    52030030  31.4¢/kg  0% 
52030050  - Other  4.3%    52030050  4.3%  0% 
1 Tariff rate quotas were reserved for these tariff lines.  
2 "¢/kg" stands for USD cent per kilo.  
Viet Nam 
Bound Duties  Applied Duties  
(Year 2016 ) 
Tariff Line 
(HS 2007 ) Designation  Bound 
Duty  Other 
Duties and 
Charges  Tariff Line 
(HS 2012)  MFN LDC 
Preferential  
52010000  Cotton, not carded or combed  0%   52010000 00 0%   
5202 Cotton waste (including yarn waste 
and garnetted stock)          
52021000  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  20%   52021000 00 10%  
52029  - Other:         
52029100  -- Garnetted stock  20%   52029100 00 10%  
52029900  -- Other  20%   52029900 00 10%  
52030000  Cotton, carded or combed  10%   52030000 00 0%   
 
3.2  SPECIAL SAFEGUARD PROVISIONS  
3.8.  This section pr ovides information on  scheduled special safeguard (SSG) pr ovisions for cotton 
and on the use of th ose provisions by Member.  
3.9.  Of the 32  Members  covered by th is Market Access Part , three have scheduled SSG provisions 
for cotton, namely, Colombia, South Africa, and the United States . 
3.10.   The following  table lists the cotton tariff lines  for which SSG provisions are specified in each 
of those three  Memb ers' schedule s. The following column headings are used:  
Member  The n ame of the Member who has reserved SSG provisions for cotton; and  
 
Tariff Line  The tariff item number for which the SSG provision was reserved (through the 
inclusion of the symbol "SSG") as specified in the Member's schedule reproduced in 
the CTS file  using  the HS 2002 nomenclature.  
 
3.2.1   Scheduled SSG provisions for cotton  
Member  Tariff Line  
Colombia  5201000000  
South Africa  52010010  
  52010020  
  52010090  
  52021010  
  52021090  
  52029110  
  52029190  
  52029910  
  52029990  
  52030000  
United States of America   52010018  
  52010028  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 53 - 
 
  Member  Tariff Line  
  52010038  
  52010080  
  52029930  
  52030030  
 
3.11.   Based on  Table MA:3 notifications circulated by the Secretariat up to 15 October 2017 , none 
of those three Members ha s notified trigger levels for the volume -based SSG concerning cotton . 
3.12.   Regarding the  price-based SSG, based on Table MA:4 notifications  circulated by the 
Secretariat up to 15 October 2017 , the United States  have notified trigger price s for all the tariff 
lines for which  SSG provisions  were reserved . These trigger prices are presented by tariff item 
number  in the table  below . The following column headings are used:  
Tariff Line  The tariff item number for which the SSG provision was reserved (through the 
inclusion of the symbol "SSG") as specified in the Member's schedule reproduced 
in the CTS using  the HS 2002 nomenclature;  
 
Trigger Price  The trigger price for the tariff item number  as notified in the Table MA:4 
notific ation.  
 
3.2.2   Notified trigger prices for cotton  
United States of America  (G/AG/N/USA/1)  
Tariff Line  Trigger price  
52010018  USD 1.60/kg  
52010028  USD 1.12/kg  
52010038  USD 1.20/kg  
52010080  USD 2.75/kg  
52029930  USD 8.15/kg  
52030030  USD 0.64/kg  
 
3.13.   The table below provides , based on MA :5 notifications circulated by the Secretariat up  to 
15 October  2017, information regarding  price-based SSG actions invoked on cotton by the United 
States . The following column headings are used:  
Product  Product  description  as specified in the Table MA:5  notification;  
 
Tariff Line  The tariff item number for  which  the SSG provision was reserved 
(through the inclusion of the symbol "SSG") as specified in the 
Member's schedule reproduced in the CTS using  the HS 2002 
nomenclature;  
 
Implementation year  The imp lementation year during which SSG action was invoked ;  
 
Affected quantity (kg.)  The quantity in kilograms of the tariff item number  affected by the SSG 
action as notified in the Table MA:5 notification ; and  
 
Notification reference  The reference of the relevant notification . 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 54 - 
 
  3.2.3   Invoked price -based SSG for cotton  
United States of America (Table MA:5)  
Product  Tariff Line  Implementation 
year Affected 
quantity 
(kg.)  Notification 
Reference  
Short staple cotton, over -quota  52010018  Calendar year, 1996  150 G/AG/N/USA/24  
Short staple cotton, over -quota  52010018  Calendar year , 2006 54 G/AG/N/USA/61  
Extra long staple cotton, over -quota  52010080  Calendar year, 2003  118,807  G/AG/N/USA/61  
Extra long staple cotton, over -quota  52010080  Calendar year, 2007  539 G/AG/N/USA/67  
Note The following paragraph is quoted in  all of the above -mentioned U.S. notifications: " United States 
price-based safeguards are invoked automatically on a shipment -by-shipment basis. Importers who 
enter goods in an over -quota tariff line are required to declare which pre -established price range is 
applicable to their product. If there is a safeguard duty associated with that price range, the 
additional charge is assessed. Entries where the safeguard duties were assessed during the reportin g 
period are summarized in this notification. Information on affected quantities, while not required by 
the format, is provided for illustrative purposes. Multiple transactions involving the same product 
have been aggregated for the purposes of this notifi cation. " 
 
3.3  TARIFF RATE QUOTAS  
3.14.   Of the 32  Members  covered by the Market Access Part  of this background paper , only China, 
Colombia, South Africa and the United States  have scheduled tariff rate quotas24 for cotton.  
3.15.   This section is organized as follows: Sub-section 3.3.1  provides  information regarding the  
tariff rate quota commitments for cotton as specified in those four  Members' schedules; Sub-
section 3.3.2  presents the most recent  TRQ administration methods notified by those four  
Members in Table MA:1 notifications; and Sub-section 3.3.3 provides, for each of those four 
Members,  the TRQ quantities and the notified in-quota imports  from Table MA:2 notifications and 
the corresponding  fill rates  further to the request made at  the third dedicated discussion . 
3.3.1   Tariff rate quota commitments  for cotton  
3.16.   This sub -section lists , by Member , the initial and final bound tariff rate quota quantities and 
in-quota tariff rates for cotton as specified in the Member's schedule. The following column 
headings are used:  
TQID  The number identifying the bound tariff quota for eac h Member  in the CTS , 
in the same sequential order as scheduled . The seven -character code is 
comprised of the three -letter WTO Member code, followed by "Q" for 
"TRQ", and by the three -digit sequential ide ntifier . 
 
Product  The product or group of products as specified in the Member's schedule25; 
 
Tariff Line(s)  The tariff item number(s) as specified in the Member's schedule reproduced 
in the CTS using  the HS 2002 nomenclature;  
 
Unit The unit for initial and final bound tariff rate quota quantities;  
 
Initial quota  The initial bound tariff rate quota quantity as specified in the Member's 
schedule;  
 
Final quota  The final bound tariff rate quota quantity as specified in the Member's 
schedule; and  
 
In-quota tariff  rate The in-quota tariff rate  as specified in the Member's schedule.  
 
                                                
24 Also referred to as TRQ or tariff quota.  
25 In original language only.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 55 - 
 
  China1 
TQID  Product  Tariff line(s)  Unit Initial quota  Final quota  In-quota tariff rate  
CHNQ010  Cotton2 52010000, 52030000  Metric tonnes  780,750  894,000  1% 
1 Annex 1 contains the notes  from China's schedule concerning tariff rate quota commitments.  
2 The following information is taken from the column "other terms and conditions" in China's schedule 
for its cotton TRQ commitment (Refer to Annex 1 , "Note 1")  
1) STE share = 33% (See Note 1 ). 
2) Staging for cotton : 
Year TRQ quantity  
2002 818,500 mt . 
2003 856,250 mt . 
2004 894,000 mt . 
 
Colombia  
TQID  Product  Tariff line(s)  Unit Initial quota  Final quota  In-quota tariff rate  
COLQ057  Algodon sin cardar ni 
peinar  5201 Metric tonnes  222 222 99% 
COLQ067  Algodon  5201 Metric tonnes  1510 2664 80% 
 
South Africa1 
TQID  Product  Tariff line(s)  Unit Initial quota  Final quota  In-quota tariff rate  
ZAFQ053  Cotton  5201 Metric tonnes  17,101  17,101  12% 
1 The following note is included in South Africa's schedule for its TRQ commitments: "South Africa 
commits itself to fill the quotas as indicated at tariff rates at a maximum of 20% of the bound rates 
for both the initial and final quantities."  
 
United States of America1 
TQID  Product  Tariff line(s)  Unit Initial quota  Final quota  In-quota tariff rate  
USAQ048   52010014  
Metric tonnes  10,000  10,000  0% 
52010024  USD 0.044 per kilogram  
52010034  USD 0.044 per kilogram  
52010060  USD 0.015 per kilogram  
52029910  0% 
52030010  5% 
USAQ049   52010014  Metric tonnes  8,495  20,207  0% 
USAQ050   52010024  Metric tonnes  900 1,400  USD 0.044 per kilogram  
USAQ051   52010034  Metric tonnes  5,200  11,500  USD 0.044 per kilogram  
USAQ052   52010060  Metric tonnes  25,500  40,100  USD 0.015 per kilogram  
USAQ053   52029910  Kilograms  1,835,427  3,335,427  0% 
USAQ054   52030010  Kilograms  1,000  2,500  5% 
1 Annex 2 contains the chapter notes from the U.S. schedule concerning TRQ commitments for cotton.  
 
3.17.   The following chart summarizes the total number of scheduled TRQs for cotton , by Member , 
based on  the number of TQIDs  identified in the CTS . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 56 - 
 
  Chart 3.3: Number of scheduled TRQs for cotton  by Member  
 
3.3.2   Most recent Tariff Rate Quota administration method  notified for cotton  
3.18.   This sub-section describes, for each  Member  and for each cotton TRQ, the most recent  
import arrangements notified in  Table MA:1 notifications up to 15 October 2017 . 
3.19.   The reference number of the relevant notification  is indicated in the title  for each Member, 
with the reporting period  covered by the notification specified  in brackets.  
China  
G/AG/N/CHN/2  (calendar year 2003)  
CHNQ010  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) (i) Import tariff quota of agricultural products shall be applicable to global trade.  
 (ii) The tariff quota for the year 2003 is open from the date of issuance to 31 December.  
(b) (i) The former State Development Planning Commission was responsible for tariff quota 
allocation of agricultural products. National Development Reform Commission and Ministry of 
Commerce are responsible for reallocations.  
 (ii) Requirements and conditions for applicants applying for import tariff quota are: having 
registered with Administration of Industry and Commerce (presenting the duplicate of 
busine ss licences) prior to 1 October 2002; being under sound financial conditions and 
having good tax payment records (presenting relevant data for 2001 and 2002); having no 
records of unlawful acts at the Customs, Administration of Industry and Commerce, 
Inspe ction and Quarantine authorities and Taxation Administration within the period of 
2000-2002; having passed the annual enterprise review of the year 2001 conducted by 
Administration of Industry and Commerce and Inspection and Quarantine authorities.  
 (iii) Import tariff quota for general trade shall be allocated with reference to the volumes for 
which applicants have applied, previous import performance and production capacity or 
other applicable commercial standards, or under the principle of "first -come, f irst-served".  
 (iv) Licence shall remain valid from the date of issuance to 31 December of the same year.  
 
12
17
China Colombia South Africa United StatesTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 57 - 
 
  Colombia  
G/AG/N/COL/35  (calendar year 2005)  
COLQ067  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) Allocation of quotas to supplying countries: none.  
(b) Allocation of licences or of access to quotas to importers: the import quota is allocated on a 
competitive basis amongst participants registered with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural 
Development. Quota allocation is by means of public auctio ns in which importers take part 
through the bid registration system.  
(c) Details of other arrangements: not applicable.  
(d) Any other information: Decree No. 430 of 2004 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural 
Development  
 
South Africa  
G/AG/N/ZAF/35  (calendar year 2001)  
ZAFQ053  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) Country Allocations: Global  
(b) Import Allocations:  
 (i) Department of Agriculture will allocate and issue permits annually;  
 (ii) historical and new importers who are processors of cotton will be eligible for permits;  
 (iii) permits will be issued pro rata;  
 (iv) permits will be valid for twelve months.  
 
United States of America26 
G/AG/N/USA/2/Add.3 and G/AG/N/USA/34/Add.1  (calendar year)  
USAQ049  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: See Additional U.S. Note 5 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS (Annex 1, 
36/). 
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First -come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service  
 (http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo.htm ). 
(c) OTHER  ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 5 to chapter 52 of 
the HTSUS  (Annex 1, note 36/) and in Additional U.S. Note 6 to Chapter 52 of Schedule XX.  
USAQ050  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: None.  
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First -come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service 
(http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm).  
(c) OTHER ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 6 to chapter  52 of 
the HTSUS (Annex 1, note 37/) and in Additional U.S. Note 7 to Chapter 52 of Schedule XX.  
                                                
26 Annex 3 contains the excerpt of notes from the harmonized tariff system of the United Stat es of 
America that concern cotton (from Annex 1 in G/AG/N/USA/2/Add.3 and G/AG/N/USA/34/Add.1).  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 58 - 
 
  USAQ051  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: None.  
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First-come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service 
(http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm).  
(c) OTHER ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 7 to chapter  52 of 
the HTSUS (Annex 1, not e 38/) and in Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 52 of Schedule XX.  
USAQ052  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: None.  
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First -come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service 
(http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm).  
(c) OTHER ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 8 to chapter 52 of 
the HTSUS (Annex 1, note 39/) and in Additional U.S. Note 9 to Chapter 52 of Schedule  XX. 
USAQ053  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: See Additional U.S. Note 9 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS 
(Annex  1, 40/). 
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First -come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service 
(http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm).  
(c) OTHER ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 9 to chapter  52 of 
the HTSUS (Annex 1, note 40/) and in Additional U.S. Note 10 to Chapter 52 of 
Schedul e XX. 
USAQ054  
Description of import arrangement applicable  
(a) COUNTRY ALLOCATIONS: See Additional U.S. Note 10 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS 
(Annex  1, 41/). 
(b) IMPORTER ALLOCATIONS: First -come, first -served, implemented by U.S. Customs Service 
(http://www.customs.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm).  
(c) OTHER ARRANGEMENTS: None.  
(d) OTHER INFORMATION: This provision is included in Additional U.S. Note 10 to chapter 52 of 
the HTSUS (Annex 1, note 41/) and in Additional U.S. Note 11 to Chapter  52 of 
Schedu le XX. 
 
3.3.3   TRQ quantities and in -quota imports  for cotton  
3.20.   This sub -section provides  yearly TRQ quantities , notified in-quota imports for cotton , and 
the corresponding  fill rates  based on Members' Table MA:2 notifications circulated by the 
Secretariat up to 15 October 2017 . 
3.21.   Fill rates are calculated based on the  data provided in Table MA:2 notifications as the ratio 
of in-quota imports to notified TRQ quantit ies. In cases where notified in-quota imports are greater 
than TRQ quantities, the fill rates are adjusted by setting a maximum of 100% fill  rate. The 
implementation years covered in the tables below are those indicated in the Member's Table MA:2 
notifications . The title of the individual tables indicates the TQID of the  TRQ, while  the quantity 
unit used in the notification is indicated in  brackets . 
 
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 59 - China  
CHNQ010 ( metric tonnes)  
 2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity  818,500  856,250  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  
In-quota Imports  177,000  870,000  1,910,000  2,570,000  894,000  1,165,000  2,111,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  894,000  
Fill rates (%)  22 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 
 
Colombia  
COLQ067 ( metric tonnes)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity  1,510  1,847  1,963  2,117  2,245  2,373  2,501  2,630  2,758  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  2,886  
In-quota Imports  37,747  25,676  47,284  42,661  37,846  58,636  53,583  64,345  64,556  33,490  39,525  61,904  53,307  50,563  60,328  50,315  43,957  26,265  33,040  30,615  
Fill rates (%)  100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 
 
South Africa  
ZAFQ053 ( metric tonnes)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
TRQ Quantity  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  
In-quota Imports  44,114  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  17,101  
Fill rates (%)  100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 
 
United States of America27 
USAQ049 ( metric tonnes)  
  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity    8,495  10,837  13,180  15,522  17,865  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  20,207  
In-quota Imports    198 1 45 12,098  452 229 351 0 45 2 259 1,346  73 0 0 0 3,969  1,140  1,172  
Fill rates (%)   2 0.009  0.3 78 3 1 2 0 0.2 0.01 1 7 0.4 0 0 0 20 5.6 5.8 
                                                
27 According to the U.S. notification for implementation year 1995, Uruguay Round commitments for cotton products in headings 52 01, 5202 and 5203 became effectiv e only in the fall of 1995, and 
imports under these commitments were reported along with calendar year  1996 imports in early  1997.  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 60 - USAQ050 ( metric tonnes)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity    900 1,000  1,100  1,200  1,300  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  1,400  
In-quota Imports    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Fill rates (%)   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
USAQ051 ( metric tonnes)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity    5,200  6,460  7,720  8,980  10,240  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  11,500  
In-quota Imports    0 0 23 1,471  190 116 855 195 1,525  2,608  1,294  235 123 0 0 545 117 0 0 
Fill rates (%)   0 0 0.3 16 2 1 7 2 13 23 11 2 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 
USAQ052 ( metric tonnes)  
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity    25,500  28,420  31,340  34,260  37,180  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  40,100  
In-quota Imports    0 13 62 3,483  9,611  2,657  5,089  13,813  9,270  4,244  3,934  2,423  2,418  0 0 1,518  1,214  852 1,547  
Fill rates (%)   0 0.05 0.2 10 26 7 13 34 23 11 10 6 6 0 0 4 3 2.1 3.9 
USAQ053 ( kilograms ) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  
TRQ Quantity    1,835,427  2,135,427  2,435,427  2,735,427  3,035,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  
In-quota Imports    15,000  17,584  0 0 0 0 0 0 128,198  0 
Fill rates (%)   1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 
 
 2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  3,335,427  
In-quota Imports  0 169,844  791,441  87,332  561,492  729,436  558,590  234,364  1,224,637  
Fill rates (%)  0 5 24 3 17 22 17 7 36.7 
  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 61 - USAQ054 ( kilograms ) 
 1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
TRQ Quantity    1,000  1,300  1,600  1,900  2,200  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,500  
In-quota Imports    800 120 0 1,796  1,307  2,500  2,500  2,500  2,300  157 0 0 0 2,500  0 20 0 52 70 
Fill rates (%)   80 9 0 95 59 100 100 100 92 6 0 0 0 100 0 1 0 2.1 2.8 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 62 - 
 
  3.22.   Based on the information presented in section 3.3.3 above, the following charts  show, by 
Member and by year, notified in -quota imports compared to the schedul ed quantity, as well as the 
corresponding fill rates, under each TRQ.   
Charts on notified in -quota imports compared to the scheduled quantity  
Chart 3.4: China (CHNQ0 10) 
 
 
Chart 3.5: Colombia ( COLQ067 ) 
 
22%100%100%100%
100%100%100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
0500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,0003,000,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rate
100%
100%100%
100%
100%100%
100%100% 100%
100%100%100%
100%
100%100%
100%
100%
100%100%
100%
010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rateTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 63 - 
 
  Chart 3.6: South Africa ( ZAFQ053 ) 
Insert the chart for ZAFQ053 from the tab "TQ charts" in the Excel file "Charts_notif"  
 
 
 
Chart 3.7: United States of America ( USAQ049 ) 
 
100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rate100%
2%0.009% 0.3%78%
3% 1% 2% 0% 0.2% 0.01% 1%7%
0.4% 0% 0% 0%20%
5.6% 5.8%
03,0006,0009,00012,00015,00018,00021,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rateTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 64 - 
 
  Chart 3.8: United States of America (USAQ050 ) 
 
 
Chart 3.9: United Stat es of America (USAQ051 ) 
 
 
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
02004006008001,0001,2001,400
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rate
0% 0% 0.3%16%
2% 1%7%
2%13%23%
11%
2% 1% 0% 0%5%1% 0% 0%
02,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill ratesTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 65 - 
 
  Chart 3.10: United States of America (USAQ052 ) 
 
 
Chart 3.11: United States of America (USAQ053 ) 
 
0%0.05% 0.2%10%26%
7%13%34%
23%
11% 10%
6% 6%
0% 0%4% 3% 2.1% 3.9%
06,00012,00018,00024,00030,00036,00042,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014metric tonnes
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rate
1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%4%0% 0%5%24%
3%17%22%
17%
7.0%37.0%
0500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,0003,000,0003,500,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014kilograms
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rateTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 66 - 
 
  Chart 3.12: United States of America (USAQ054 ) 
 
 
 
 
 
80%
9%0%95%
59%100% 100% 100%
92%
6%
0% 0% 0%100%
0% 1% 0% 2.1% 2.8%
05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014kilograms
In-quota Imports TRQ Quantity %: Fill rateTN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 67 - 
 
  3.4  OTHER NON TARIFF MEASURES  
3.23.   This section contains  information on other non-tariff measures applicable to cotton.  The 
information presented is sourced from  the WTO I-TIP Goods database28, which  compiles  data 
about non-tariff measures notified by Members  as well as information on "specific trade concerns" 
raised by Members during WTO Committee meetings .  
3.24.   The non-tariff measures  listed below result from a query in the I -TIP Goods database , using  
the following criteria:  
a. Member imposing the measure: The 32 Members selected for this Market Access p art; 
b. Type of measure covered: Sanitary and Phytosanitary  measures (as notified under the 
Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures ); measures  notified under the 
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade ; Anti-Dumping  measures (as notified under 
the Anti -Dumping agreement ); Countervailing duties (as notified under the Agreement 
on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures ); Safeguard measures (as notified under the 
Agreement on Safeguards ); State Trading Enterprises (as notified to the Working Party 
on State Trading Enterprises, pursuant to Article XVII:4(a) of the GATT 1994 and 
Paragraph 1 of the Understanding on the interpre tation of Article XVII ); Quantitative 
restrictions  notified to the Committee on Market Access as per the CTG  Decision 
contained in G/L/59/Rev.1;  and import licensing procedures (as notified under the 
Agreement on Import Licensing procedures).  
c. Measures initiated or notified from 1 January 2012  to 15 October  2017 and which have 
not been withdrawn to date ; and 
d. Measures with a reference to "cotton" and with a product description encompassing  
explicitly or poten tially HS headings 52.01, 52.02  or 52.03 .29 
3.25.   It should be noted that , to date,  no specific trade concern has been rais ed in the relevant 
WTO Committees with respect to  the non-tariff measures identified in this Section  and listed in the 
table below.  
3.26.   The following column headings are used  for the table s below : 
Member  Member notif ying the measure . 
Partner affected   Member(s) affected by the measure if  identified in the  relevant 
notification, or otherwise  "All Members" . 
Notif. req.  Type of measure  notified , using the following coding: "SPS" for Sanitary 
and Phytosanitary measures ; "TBT" for measures notified under the 
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade ; "AD" for Anti -Dumping 
measures ; "CV" for countervailing duties ; "SG" for Safeguard measures ; 
"STE" for State Trading Enterprises ; "QR" for Quantitative Restrictions ; 
and "LIC" for i mport licensing procedures.  
Initiation / 
notification   Date of initiation  or notification of the measure.  
In force   Date of entry into force  of the measure (if any) as it appears in the  
relevant notificat ion. 
Measure description  Summarized  description of the measure  based on the information in  the 
relevant  notification . 
Product description  Summarized description of the product covered by the measure based on 
the information in the relevant notification . 
Source   Document  number of the relevant  notification (s). 
                                                
28 http://i -tip.wto.org/goods/default.aspx?language=en . 
29 It should be noted that, in the absence of specific or further indication by Members, listed measures 
making reference to "cotton", may in fact not apply to the trade of "cotton" as defined in this paper, i.e. 
products covered by the Harmonized System nome nclature headings 52.01, 52.02 and 52.03.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 68 - 
 
  Chart 3.13: Number of other non -tariff measures applicable to cotton, per type of 
measure (1 January 2012 to 15 October  2017 ) 
Insert the chart from the Excel file "  Cotton NTM chart_OCT_2017"  
 
 
 
 
642
110
12
051015202530354045
TBT SPS QR LIC CV AD 
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 69 - Member  Partner 
affected  Notif. 
req. Initiation/  
Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 30/08/2017   Draft resolution (Consulta Publica ) number  380, 
22 August  2017, regarding the active ingredient D11 - 
DICAMBA  of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, on the Brazilian  Official Gazette (DOU - Diário 
Oficial da União) of 2 September 2003 Inclusion of cotton 
culture with MRL of 0.04 mg/kg  and safety security period 
"not determined due to the mode of use", inclusion of 
Genetically Modified Cotton with MRL of 0.04 mg/kg an d 
safety security period of 113  days and inclusion of 
Genetically Modified Soybean with MRL of 4.0 mg/kg and 
safety security period of 70 days, all for post emergency use 
(application) for the active ingredient D11 - DICAMBA in the 
Relation of Monographies of Active Ingredients of Pesticides, 
Household Cleaning Products and Wood Preservers.  HS codes 52, 12  G/SPS/N/BRA/1289  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS   19/07/2017   Difenoconazole ; Pesticide Tolerances Final Rule Federal 
Register, Volume 82 Issue 134 (Friday, 14 July  2017). This 
regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
difenoconazole in or on cottonseed subgroup 20C; rice, 
grain; and rice, wild, grain. It also amends the e xisting 
tolerance for cotton, gin by -products, and removes the 
tolerance for cotton, undelinted seed. Syngenta Crop 
Protection, LLC requested these  tolerances under the 
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).  Cotton, cottonseed subgroup 20C; rice, g rain; and 
rice, wild, grain  G/SPS/N/USA/2939  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 17-May-2017   Tioxazafen; Pesticide Tolerances, Final Rule.  Cotton, gin by -products  G/SPS/N/USA/2919  
Dominican 
Republic  All 
Members  SPS 16-May-2017   Resolución No. 34-2016, que regula uso de ciertas moléculas 
de plaguicidas en vegetales y frutas (Resolution No. 34 -2016 
regulating the use of certain pesticide molecules on 
vegetables and fruit). The notified Resolution provides for 
the following: the insecticide acepha te is declared to be of 
restricted use. it is permitted for cotton... The notified 
Resolution partially replaces Resolution No. 61 -2011.  Cotton  G/SPS/N/DOM/69  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 7-Nov-2016   Fluridone ; Pesticide Tolerances, Final Rule. This regulation 
establishes a tolerance for residues of fluridone in or on 
cotton gin by -products.  Cotton, gin by -products  G/SPS/N/USA/2908  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 4-Nov-2016   Receipt of a Pesticide Petition Filed for Residues of Pesticide 
Chemicals in or on Various Commodities, Notice of Filing of 
Petition and Request for Comment. This document 
announces the Agency's receipt of an initial filing of a 
pesticide petition requesti ng the establishment of a tolerance 
for residues of the herbicide 2,4 -D in or on cotton, gin 
byproducts at 1.5 parts per million (ppm), and cotton, 
undelinted seed at 0.8 ppm.  Cotton, gin by -products  G/SPS/N/USA/2905   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 70 - Member  Partner 
affected  Notif. 
req. Initiation/  
Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Russian 
Federation  All 
countries 
that are a 
party to 
the Basel 
Convention  LIC 5-Oct-2016   The Russian Federation manages its obligations for 
hazardous waste controlled by the Basel Convention for the 
Control of Trans -boundary Movements of Hazardous Waste 
and their Disposal (Basel Convention) through the Common 
List of Goods that are subject of import/export prohibitions 
or restrictions in trade with third countries (Decision of the 
Board of the Eurasian Economic Commission No. 30 "About 
measures of non -tariff regulation" of 21.04.2015) 
(Annex  2.3). Hazardous waste (Ex 5202 10 000 0)  G/LIC/N/3/RUS/3  
Brazil    LIC 30-Aug-2016   Most import licensing is statutorily required. For most goods 
mentioned in the relevant legislative texts, legal coverage is 
defined within and is not subjected to administrative 
discretion. Statutorily required licensing cannot be abolished 
without legislative approval. Other products are left to 
administrative discretion. The list of products subject to 
licensing is available at the Ministry of Industr y, Foreign 
Trade and Services 
website:  http://www.mdic.gov.br/comercio -
exterior/importacao/tratamento -administrativo -de-
importacao  Cotton  G/LIC/N/1/ BRA/7 and 
Corr.1  
Brazil    LIC 30-Aug-2016   The lists of products subject to import licensing are available 
at the SISCOMEX website 
http://www.portalsiscomex.gov.br/ ), and may be found as 
well on Brazil’s Ministry of Industry, Foreign Trade and 
Services (MDIC) website http://www.mdic.gov.br/comercio -
exterior/imp ortacao/tratamento -administrativo -de-
importacao . Whenever an import license is required, 
applications for both automatic and non -automatic import 
licensing are achieved using Brazil’s Foreign Trade 
Integrated System (SISCOMEX). SISCOMEX is Brazil’s 
ongoing  single window initiative, a work still in progress, to 
which all other online and offline import -related procedures 
are converging.  Cotton  G/LIC/N/2/BRA/7  
Brazil  All origins  LIC 25/08/2016    As a rule, the Brazilian import regime does not require 
licensing. For some products, automatic import licensing and 
non-automatic import licensing are managed through the 
Foreign Trade Integrated System (SISCOMEX). All import 
licenses must be required thr ough Portal Siscomex. The 
administrative procedures are electronic -based, so as to 
make the process more efficient and faster.  Cotton  G/LIC/N/3/BRA/11  
Honduras  All 
countries  LIC 12-Aug-16   Import permits are required to ensure that plants, plant 
products  and by -products, and products and inputs for 
agricultural use have been inspected via the proper 
procedures and do not constitute a potential risk as carriers 
of pests or diseases.  Cotton and cotton products  G/LIC/N/3/HND/10  
Brazil  All 
countries  TBT 27-Jul-16 01-Mar-17 Technical regulation establishing the quality requirements, 
sampling presentation, marking, labelling aspects relating to 
the cotton classification.  HS: Chapter 52 - Cotton  G/TBT/N/BRA/683   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 71 - Member  Partner 
affected  Notif. 
req. Initiation/  
Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Kazakhstan  All 
countries 
that are 
parties to 
the Basel 
Convention  LIC 29/06/2016    The Republic of Kazakhstan manages its obligations for 
hazardous waste controlled by the Basel Convention for the 
Control of Trans -boundary Movements of Hazardous Waste 
and their Disposal (Basel Convention) through the  Common 
List of Goods that are Subject to Non -tariff Measures in 
Trade with Third Countries (Decision of the Collegium of the 
Eurasian Economic Commission No. 30 "On Measures of Non -
tariff Regulation" of 21 April 2015, Annex 2.3).  Ex 5202 10 000 0 - Wastes  in the form of spinning 
down.  G/LIC/N/3/KAZ/1 and 
Corr.1  
Malaysia  All 
countries, 
with the 
exception 
of countries 
in the 
American 
Tropics and 
countries 
endemic to 
disease of 
plants of 
the palmae 
family.  LIC 18-Feb-16   The Plant Quarantine Act 1976 amends  and consolidates the 
laws relating to the control, prevention and eradication of 
agricultural pests, noxious plants and plant disease and to 
extend co -operation in the control of the movement of pests 
in international trade for matters connected therewith . The 
Plant Quarantine Regulations 1981 were made pursuant to 
Section 23 of the Plant Quarantine Act 1976. It stipulates the 
requirement which must be met for the entry of plants, 
growing media, organic fertilizers, soil, living or dead 
organisms including  micro -organism and any hosts of plant 
pest and/or carrier of plant pests into Malaysia, and at the 
same time for the prevention of entry of pests of quarantine 
importance into the country.  Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)  G/LIC/N/3/MYS/11  
China  All 
Members  TBT 28-Oct-15   National Standard of the P.R.C., Conventional Moisture 
Regains of Textiles  
 Textile materials (HS: 50010010 -50079090, 
51011100 -51130000, 52010000 -52122500, 
53011000 -53110090, 54011010 -54083400, 
55011000 -55169400, 56011000 -56090000, 
58011000 -58110090, 59011010 -59119000, 
60011000 -60069000, 61012000 -61179000, 
62011100 -62179000)  G/TBT/N/CHN/1151  
G/TBT/N/CHN/1151/Sup
pl.1 
Pakistan  India AD 20-Aug-15   Anti-dumping  Cotton yarn 55.5 and above  G/ADP/N/280/PAK  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 23-Jun-15   Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient Q05.2 
QUIZALOFOP -P-TEFURYL of the monograph list of active 
ingredients for pesticides, household cleaning products and 
wood preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Braz ilian Official Gazette (DOU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2 September 2003  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.1mg/kg safety security period of 30 days) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/1048  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 23-Jun-15   Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient I18 
ISOXAFLUTOLE of the monograph list of active ingredients 
for pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette  (DOU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2 September 2003  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.01mg/kg safety security period of 97 days) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/1049  
Peru United 
States of 
America  SPS 22-Jun-15   The draft phytosanitary requirements governing the 
importation into Peru of cotton gin waste (linters) originating 
in and coming from the United States of America are being 
submitted for public consultation following the completion of 
the relevant technical report.  HS tariff subheading 5202.9 9.00.00: Cotton 
(Gossypium  spp.) gin waste (linters)  G/SPS/N/PER/613   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 72 - Member  Partner 
affected  Notif. 
req. Initiation/  
Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 22-May-15   Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient G05 
GLUFOSINATE of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette (DOU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2 September 2003  Post-emergency application in cultures of (…) 
cotton (0.5mg/kg safety security period of 28 
days), cotton (0.5mg/kg safety security period to 
the culture of genetically modified cotton, which 
express resis tance to glufosinate, is of 116 days, 
when the pesticide is applied in post -emergency of 
the culture and of the weeds), (…) Desiccant 
application in cultures of cotton (0.5mg/kg safety 
security period of 28 days), (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/1044  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 12-May-15   Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient C32 
CLETHODIM of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Brazilian Off icial Gazette (DOU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2 September 2003  
Inclusion of cultures of sunflower (0.05mg/kg safety security 
period of 53 days), apple and grape (0.05mg/kg safety 
security period of 23 days), inclusion of cultures of sweet 
potato, yacon po tato, beet, yams, ginger, cocoyam, 
arracacha, turnip and radish (0.5mg/kg safety security 
period of 180 days); and inclusion of cultures of eggplant, 
scarlet eggplant, pepper, green pepper and okra (0.5mg/kg 
safety security period of 20 days), all in post -emergency 
application.  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.5mg/kg safety security period of 50 days), (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/1031  
China  All 
Members  QR 8-Apr-2015 31/12/2014  Export quota,  licensing and state trading administration  Cotton (ex5201,  ex5203)  G/MA/QR/N/CHN/3  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 13-March -15 20-Feb-15 This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
dimethenamid in or on cottonseed subgroup 20C and cotton, 
gin byproducts.  Cotton, gin byproducts; Cottonseed subgroup 20C  G/SPS/N/USA/2740  
Brazil  All 
Members  TBT 5-Feb-15  Draft technical regulation setting up official standard 
classification, quality, marking and labelling requirements, 
sampling procedures, method of presentation etc. related to 
the product (cotton) classification. It revises the Ordinance 
Nº 63, 5 December  2002 (Instrução Normativa 
SDA/MAPA/Nº 63 de 5 de Dezembro de 2002), notified 
under the document G/TBT/N/BRA/78, 21 January 2003.  HS: Chapter 52 – Cotton  G/TBT/N/BRA/78/Rev.1  
China  All 
Members  LIC 22-Jan-15  Import tariff -rate quotas  (…) Cotton (…)  G/LIC/N/3/CHN/13  
 
Brazil  Sudan  SPS 07-Jan-15 18-Dec-14 The notified document approves the phytosanitary 
requirements for the importation of threshed cotton fibre 
(Gossypium hirsutum ) (Category 2, Class 10) produced in 
Sudan, in accordance with the results of a pest risk analysis.  Threshed cotton fibre ( Gossypium hirsutum ) 
(Category 2, Class 10)  G/SPS/N/BRA/1011   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Malaysia  All 
Members  LIC 6-Nov-14 1-Jan-15 The Plant Quarantine Regulations 1981 were made pursuant 
to Section 23 of the Plant Quarantine Act 1976. It stipulates 
the requirement which must be met for the entry of plants, 
growing media, organic fertilizers, soil, living or dead 
organisms including micro -organism and any  hosts of plant 
pest and/or carrier of plant pests into Malaysia, and at the 
same time for the prevention of entry of pests of quarantine 
importance into the country.  
Under the Plant Quarantine Regulations 1981, an import 
permit is imposed for the importat ion of the following (…)  
- Importation of all commodities as listed below for 
processing or consumption from All Countries except from 
countries endemic to South American Leaf Blight, countries 
endemic to disease of plants of Palmae and countries 
endemic f rom Khapra Beetle (Trogoderma granarium) 
commencing 1  January 2015, (…) Cotton (Gossypium 
hirsutum) ( …) (…) Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) (…)  
 G/LIC/N/3/MYS/10  
Turkey  United 
States of 
America  AD 18-Oct-14   Original investigation   Cotton; 5201  G/ADP/N/265/TUR  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 13-Oct-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient F23 
FLUAZIFOP -P of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE N° 165 
of 29 August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette (DOU Diário 
Oficial da União) of 2  September  2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of lettuce 
(0.05mg/kg, safety security period of 28 days), 
cotton (0.04mg/kg, safety security period of 60 
days) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/989  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 13-Oct-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient G05 - 
GLUFOSINATE of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE N° 165 of 
29 August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazett e (DOU Diário Oficial 
da União) of 2  September  2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of (…) 
cotton (0.5mg/kg, safety security period of 28 
days), cotton (0.5mg/kg, the safety security period 
to the culture of the genetically modified cotton, 
which manifests resistance to the glufosinate, is of 
116 days, when the pesticide is applied in post -
emergency of culture and weeds) (…) Desiccant 
application in cultures of cotton (0.5mg/kg, safety 
security period of 28 days) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/986  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 13-Oct-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient G01 - 
GLYPHOSATE of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE N° 165 of 
29 August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette  (DOU Diário Oficial 
da União) of 2  September  2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(3.0mg/kg, safety security period to the culture of 
cotton is not determined when the pesticide is 
applied in post -emergency of the weeds and pre -
emerge ncy of the culture. The safety security 
period to the cultures of genetically modified 
cotton, which express resistance to the glyphosate, 
is of 130 days, when the pesticide is applied in 
post-emergency of the weeds and of the culture) 
(…) G/SPS/N/BRA/981   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 10-Oct-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient P01 - 
PARAQUAT of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE N° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette ( DOU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2  September 2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of (…) 
cotton (0.2mg/kg, safety security period of 7 days) 
(…) Desiccant application in cultures of cotton 
(0.2mg/kg, safety security period of 7 days) (…)  G/SPS/N/ BRA/980  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 8-Oct-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient F42 - 
FLUROXYPYR of the monograph list of active ingredients for 
pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 
29 August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette  (DOU Diário Oficial 
da União) of 2  September  2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.01mg/kg safety security period not determined 
due to the mode of use) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/973  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  LIC 3-Oct-14  Import permits are required for the importation of most 
plants and some plant products, to protect against the 
introduction of pests and diseases. Permits are also required 
for the import, export or re -export of terrestrial plants that 
are on the endangere d species list.  Cotton and cotton covers  G/LIC/N/3/USA/11  
 
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 07-Aug-14  Amitraz, Carfentrazone -ethyl, Ethephon, Malathion, 
Mancozeb , et al.; Proposed Tolerance Actions EPA is 
proposing to revoke certain tolerances for the fungicides 
spiroxamine and triflumizole, the herbicides carfentrazone -
ethyl and quizalofop ethyl; the insecticides amitraz, oxamyl, 
propetamphos, and spinosad; and t he plant growth 
regulators ethephon and mepiquat. In addition, EPA is 
proposing to revoke the tolerance on rice straw for multiple 
active ingredients. Also, EPA is proposing to modify certain 
tolerances for the fungicides mancozeb, thiram, and 
triflumizole ; and the insecticide malathion. In addition, EPA 
is proposing to establish new tolerances for the fungicide 
mancozeb. Also, in accordance with current Agency practice, 
EPA is proposing to make minor revisions to the tolerance 
expression for malathion, mep iquat, and thiram.  (…); Cotton, gin by -products; Cotton, undelinted 
seed; (…)  G/SPS/N/USA/2688  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 04-Aug-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient S -
METOLACHLOR of the monograph list of active ingredients 
for pesticides, household cleaning products and wood 
preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 29 
August 2003, Brazilian Official Gazette (D OU Diário Oficial da 
União) of 2  September 2003 (…)  Pre-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.2mg/kg safety security period not determined 
due to the mode of use) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/966  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 04-Aug-14  Draft resolution regarding the active ingredient 
CARFENTRAZONE -ETHYL of the monograph list of active 
ingredients for pesticides, household cleaning products and 
wood preservers, published by Resolution - RE n° 165 of 
29 August 2003, Brazilian Official Gaze tte (DOU Diário Oficial 
da União) of 2 September 2003 (…)  Post-emergency application in cultures of cotton 
(0.1mg/kg safety security period of 8 days) (…)  G/SPS/N/BRA/965   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Mexico  All 
Members  SPS 12-Jun-14  Proyecto de Modificación a la Norma Oficial  Mexicana NOM -
026-FITO-1995, Por la que se establece el control de plagas 
del algodonero (Draft Amendment to Mexican Official 
Standard NOM -026-FITO-1995: Establishing cotton plant 
pest controls) The notified Standard establishes the 
mandatory regulations t o control and prevent the spread of 
pest populations: pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella 
Saunders) and cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis 
Boheman), which affect cotton, okra and kenaf crops; in 
addition to phytosanitary measures in order to preven t the 
spread of such pests to pest -free areas. (…)  Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders) 
and cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis 
Boheman), which affect cotton, okra and kenaf 
crops.  G/SPS/N/MEX/260  
Malaysia  All 
Members  SPS 10-Mar-14 01-Jul-14 New Import Requirements for Importation of Plants, Plant 
Products and Regulated Articles into Malaysia 2014 Malaysia 
proposes to revise and implement new import requirements 
of plants, plant products and regulated articles into Malaysia 
following  the gazette of Malaysian Quarantine and Inspection 
Services Act 2011. This Act requires that the importation of 
any plant into Malaysia shall require an import license. The 
commodities would also have to be accompanied by a 
phytosanitary certificate with additional declarations stating 
that appropriate treatment/measures have been applied 
prior to importation.  Processed and dried for consumption soy bean 
(Glycine  max), corn/maize grain ( Zea mays ), dried 
for consumption cocoa bean ( Theobroma  cacao ), 
processed and dried for consumption coffee beans 
(Coffea  Arabica , Robusta  coffee , Coffea  liberica ), 
fresh/dried leaves tobacco ( Nicotiana  tabacum ), 
fresh/raw dried cotton ( Gossypium  hirsutum ) (…) G/SPS/N/MYS/27   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
Canada  All 
Members  SPS 21-Nov-13  Proposed Maximum Residue Limit: Chlorantraniliprole 
(PMRL2013 -106). The objective of the notified document 
PMRL2013 -106 is to consult on the listed domestic and 
import maximum residue limits (MRLs) for chlorantraniliprole 
that have been proposed by the Hea lth Canada's Pest 
Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA).  
MRL (ppm)  Raw Agricultural Commodity (RAC) and/or 
Processed  Commodity  
(…) 
0.3 Root and tuber vegetables (Crop Group 1)b, Cotton 
 (Crop Subgroup 20C)c 
(…) 
c The currently established MRL of 0.3 ppm for undelinted 
cottonseed will be extended to Crop Subgroup 20C.  
ppm = parts per million MRLs are proposed for each 
commodity included in the listed crop groupings in 
accordance with the Residue Chemistry Crop  Groups 
webpage http://www.hc -sc.gc.ca/cps -spc/pest/part/protect -
proteger/food -nourriture/rccg -gcpcr -eng.php  in the 
Pesticides and Pest Management section of Health Canada's 
website.  Pesticide chlorantraniliprole in or on various food 
commodities (ICS Codes: 65.020, 65.100, 67.040, 
67.080, 67.100, 67.120, 67.200)  G/SPS/N/CAN/769, 
G/SPS/N/CAN/769/Add.
1 
Mexico  Peru SPS 21-Oct-13  Pursuant to the Decision establishing the module 
of phytosanitary requirements for the importation of goods 
regulated by the Ministry  of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural 
Development, Fisheries and Food, in relation to  plant health 
(Acuerdo por el que se establece el módulo d e requisitos 
fitosanitarios para la importación de mercancías reguladas 
por la Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, 
Pesca y Alimentación, en materia de sanidad vegetal ), 
published in the Mexican Official Journal on 7  February  2012, 
the phytosanitary requirements for the importation into 
Mexico of uncarded or uncombed cotton fibre ( Gossypium 
barbadense ) for processing, originating in and coming from 
Peru, established following the pest risk analysis or risk 
assessment, have been submitted for public comment.  Cotton fibre ( Gossypium barbadense ), not carded 
or combed, for  processing.  G/SPS/N/MEX/241, 
G/SPS/N/MEX/241/Add.
1 
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 12-Jul-13  Draft Resolution no. 25 of 2 July 2013 Draft Resolution 
regarding the active ingredient  Diflubenzuron to be included 
in the monograph list of active ingredients of pesticides, 
household cleaning products and wood preservers, including 
the use in the cultures of cotton (0.2mg/kg; safety period of 
28 days), rice (0.1mg/kg; safety period of 70 days), citrus 
(0.2mg/kg; safety period of 30  days), corn (0.2mg/kg; 
safety period of 60  days), soybean (0.2mg/kg; safety period 
of 21 days), tomato (0.5mg/kg; safety period of 4  days) and 
wheat (0.5mg/kg; safety period of 30  days).  Active ingredient Diflub enzuron on cotton, rice, 
citrus, corn, soybean, tomato and wheat  G/SPS/N/BRA/883   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 11-Apr-13 27-Mar-13 Abamectin; Pesticide Tolerances This regulation raises 
tolerances for residues of abamectin (also known as 
avermectin B1 a mixture of avermectins containing greater 
than or equal to 80% avermectin B1a (5 -O-demethyl 
avermectin A1) and less than or equal to 20% avermectin 
delta-8,9-isomer) in or on cotton and strawberries.  Cotton and strawberries  G/SPS/N/USA/2530  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 05-Mar-13 27-Feb-13 Pyraflufen -ethyl; Pesticide Tolerances This regulation 
establishes tolerances for residues of pyraflufen -ethyl in or 
on multiple commodities which are identified and discussed 
later in this document. Nichino America, Inc. requested these 
tolerances under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
(FFDCA).  Almond, hulls; Cattle, fat; Cattle, meat; Cattle, 
meat by -products; Corn, field, forage; Corn, field, 
grain; Corn, field, stover; Cotton, gin by -products; 
Cotton, undelinted seed; (…)  G/SPS/N/USA/2523  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 29-Oct-12  Draft Resolution n° 58 of 4 October 2012 Draft Resolution for 
the active ingredient Pymetrozine to be included in the 
monograph list of active ingredients of pesticides, household 
sanitizing products and wood preservers, including the use in 
the cultures o f lettuce (MRL of 0.1 mg/kg and safety period 
of 7 days), cotton (MRL of 0.1 mg/kg and safety period of 
7 days) (…)  Active ingredient P52 - Pymetrozine  G/SPS/N/BRA/837  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 29-Oct-12  Draft Resolution n° 59 of 4 October 2012 Draft Resolution for 
the active ingredient Zeta -Cypermethrin to be included in 
the monograph list of active ingredients of pesticides, 
household sanitizing products and wood preservers, 
including the use in the cultures of cotton (MRL of 
0.05 mg/kg and safety pe riod of 15  days) (…)  Active ingredient Z60 - Zeta-Cypermethrin  G/SPS/N/BRA/841  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 29-Oct-12  Draft Resolution n° 60 of 4 October 2012 Draft Resolution for 
the active ingredient Flumioxazin  to be included in the 
monograph list of active ingredients of pesticides, household 
sanitizing products and wood preservers, including the use in 
the cultures of cotton (MRL of 0.05 mg/kg and safety period 
of 100 days)(…)  Active ingredient F46 - Flumioxaz in G/SPS/N/BRA/845  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 08-Oct-12 28-Sep-12 Sulfoxaflor; Pesticide Tolerances for Emergency Exemptions 
This regulation establishes time -limited tolerances for 
residues of sulfoxaflor, N -methyloxido [1 -[6-
(trifluoromethyl) -3-pyridinyl]ethyl] [lambda] \4\-
sulfanylidene] cyanamide, including its metabolites and 
degradates in or on cotton, undelinted seed; cotton, gin by -
products; and cotton, hulls.  Cotton  G/SPS/N/USA/2476  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 10-Sep-12 15-Aug-12 Flutriafol; Pesticide Tolerances for Emergency Exemptions 
This regulation establishes time -limited tolerances for 
residues of flutriafol in or on cotton, undelinted seed; cotton, 
meal; cotton, refined oil; and cotton gin by -products . This 
action is in response to EPA's granting of an emergency 
exemption under section 18 of the Federal Insecticide, 
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) authorizing use of 
the pesticide on cotton. This regulation establishes a 
maximum permissible level  for residues of flutriafol in or on 
cotton commodities. The time -limited tolerances expire on 
31 December 2014.  Cotton  G/SPS/N/USA/2451   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
China  All 
Members  TBT 23-Jul-12  Administrative Measures on Inspection and Supervision of 
Imported Cotton (9 pages, in  Chinese) These Measures 
specify the administrative measures of inspection and 
supervision on the quality of imported cotton.  Imported cotton HS F5201000010 A5201000090  G/TBT/N/CHN/925  
Peru India SPS 19-Jul-12 19-Oct-11 Resolución Directoral  Nº 34 -2011-AG-SENASA -DSV 
(Directorial Resolution No.  34-2011-AG-SENASA -DSV) The 
notified Directorial Resolution lifts the phytosanitary 
measures suspending the issue of phytosanitary import 
permits for cotton (Gossypium spp.) fibre, not carded or 
combed, originating in and coming from India.  HS tariff subheadings 5201.00.90.00, 
5201.00.30.00, 5201.00.20.00 and 
5201.00.10.00: Cotton fibre, not carded or 
combed.  G/SPS/N/PER/422  
Peru India SPS 19-Jul-12 17-May-12 Resolución Directoral  Nº 0012 -2012-AG-SENASA -DSV 
(Directorial Resolution No.  0012-2012-AG-SENASA -DSV) The 
notified Directorial Resolution establishes the mandatory 
phytosanitary requirements governing the importation into 
Peru of cotton comber waste from India.  HS tariff subhe ading 5202.99.00.00: Cotton 
comber waste.  G/SPS/N/PER/428  
China  All 
Members  TBT 18-Jul-12  National Standard of the P.R.C., Cotton Part1: Saw Ginned 
Upland Cotton i23 pages Cin Chinese j This standard 
specifies the quality requirements, classification criterions, 
test methods, inspection rules, inspection certificates, 
packages and marks, storage and transportation 
requirements etc. for saw ginned upland cotton.  
This standard applies to saw ginned upland cotton produced, 
purchased, processed, traded, stored and used in China.  Cotton -upland cotton ICS: 59.060.10  G/TBT/N/CHN/921  
China  All 
Members  TBT 18-Jul-12  National Standard of the P.R.C., Cotton Part 2: Roller Ginned 
Upland Cotton i18 pages Cin Chinese j This standard 
specifies the quality requirements, classification criterions, 
test methods, inspection rules, inspection certificates, 
packages and marks, storage and transportation 
requirements etc. for roller ginned upland cotton. This 
standard applies to roller ginned upland cotton produced, 
purchased, processed, traded, stored and used in China.  Cotton -upland cotton ICS: 59.060.10  G/TBT/N/CHN/922  
Brazil  All 
Members  SPS 15-Jun-12 06-Aug-12 Draft Resolution on Azadirachtin  This draft sanitary 
regulation modifies Resolution RE nº 165, 29 August 2003, 
by including in it the use of azadirachtin in the cultures of 
cotton, corn, soy and grape (Leaf application, LMR and 
safety period without restrictions).  Azadirachtin  G/SPS/N/BR A/814   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 11-Jun-12  Aldicarb ; Cancellation Order for Amendments To Terminate 
Uses This notice announces EPA's order for the amendment 
to terminate uses, voluntarily requested by the registrant 
and accepted by the Agency, of products containing aldicarb, 
pursuant to section 6(f)(1) of  the Federal Insecticide, 
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as amended. This 
cancellation order follows an 7 October 2010 Federal 
Register Notice of Receipt of Request from the registrant, 
Bayer CropScience to voluntarily amend to terminate uses of 
the product, TEMIK[supreg] Brand 15G, containing aldicarb 
on citrus and potatoes effective immediately. The registrant 
also requested that EPA amend to terminate the remaining 
pesticide uses of this product on cotton, dry beans, peanuts, 
soybeans, sugar bee ts, and sweet potatoes, effective as of 
31 December 2014. These are not the last products 
containing aldicarb registered for use in the United States of 
America. (…)  Multiple products  G/SPS/N/USA/2386  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 08-Jun-12 14-May-12 Penflufen; Pesticide Tolerances  Tolerances are established 
for residues of the fungicide penflufen, including its 
metabolites and degradates, in or on the following 
commodities listed in the table. Compliance with the 
tolerance levels specifi ed in the table is to be determined by 
measuring only penflufen N -[2-(1,3-dimethylbuty l)phenyl] -
5-fluoro -1,3-dimethyl -1H-pyrazole -4-carboxamide, in or on 
the following commodities.  
 
Commodity  Parts per  
 million  
Alfalfa, forage  0.01 
Alfalfa, hay  0.01 
Cotton, gin by -products  0.01 
(…) Multiple commodities  G/SPS/N/USA/2382   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 08-Jun-12 14-May-12 Fluxapyroxad; Pesticide Tolerances  Tolerances are 
established for residues of the fungicide fluxapyroxad , 
including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the 
commodities listed in the table below. Compliance with the 
tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by 
measuring only fluxapyroxad, 3 -(difluoromethyl) -1-methyl -
N-(3',4',5' -trifluoro[1,1 '-biphenyl] -2-yl)-1H-pyrazole -4-
carboxamide in or on the commodity.  
 
Commodity  Parts per  million  
Apple, wet pomace  2.0 
Beet, sugar  0.1 
Beet, sugar, dried pulp  0.1 
Beet, sugar, tops  7.0 
Cattle, fat  0.05 
Cattle, meat  0.01 
Cattle, meat by-products  0.03 
Corn, field, grain  0.01 
Corn, oil  0.03 
Corn, pop, grain  0.01 
Corn, sweet, kernels plus cobs with husks removed  0.15 
Cotton, gin by -products  0.01 
Cotton, undelinted seed  0.01 
(…) Multiple commodities  G/SPS/N/USA/2383  
Peru United 
States of 
America  CV 02-Jun-12  Countervailing  Cotton  G/SCM/N/242/PER, 
G/SCM/N/250/PER  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 10-May-12 02-Mar-12 Thiamethoxam; Pesticide Tolerances This regulation 
establishes tolerances for residues of thiamethoxam in or on 
multiple commodities. (a) General. Tolerances are 
established for residues of the insecticide thiamethoxam, 
including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the 
following commodities. Compliance with the tolerance levels 
specified  below is to be determined by measuring only 
thiamethoxam 3 -[(2-chloro -5-thiazolyl)methyl]tetrahydro -5-
methyl -N-nitro-4H-1,3,5 -oxadiazin -4-imine and its 
metabolite CGA -322704 N -[(2-chloro -thiazol -5-yl)methyl] -
N'-methyl -N''-nitro-guanidine, calculated as th e 
stoichiometric equivalent of thiamethoxam, in or on the 
following commodities:  
 
Commodity  Parts per  
 million  
(…)  
Cotton, gin by -products  1.5 
Cotton, undelinted seed  0.10 
(…) Multiple  G/SPS/N/USA/2362   
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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Notification  In force  Measure description  Product description  Source  
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 02-May-12 06-Aug-12 Notice of Receipt of Requests for Amendments To Delete 
Uses in Certain Pesticide Registrations EPA is issuing a notice 
of receipt of request for amendments by registrants to delete 
uses in certain pesticide registrations for Buctril  Herbicide 
(active ingredient Bromoxynil) on BTX cotton.  Cotton  G/SPS/N/USA/2359, 
G/SPS/N/USA/2359/Corr
.1 
United 
States of 
America  All 
Members  SPS 18-April-12 9-March -12 This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
penthiopyrad in or on multiple  commodities. (a) General. (1) 
Tolerances are established for residues of penthiopyrad, 
including its etabolites and degradates, in or on the 
commodities in the table below. Compliance with the 
tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by 
measur ing only penthiopyrad (N -[2-(1,3-dimethylbutyl) -3-
thienyl] -1-methyl -3-(trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole -4-
carboxamide).  
 
Commodity  Parts per  
 million  
(…)  
Cotton, seed   1.5 
Cotton, gin by -products   15 
(…) Multiple  G/SPS/N/USA/2347  
 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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  ANNEX 1  
NOTES ON TARIFF RATE QUOTA  COMMITMENTS FROM CHINA'S SCHEDUL E 
1. Tariff quotas indicated in the third column are volumes for calendar year 2001. Tariff quota 
concessions will be implemented according to the date specified in the "implementation" column. 
The implementation column indicates the date (referring to 1 January of the year indicated) when 
the fin al quota quantity will be achieved. The tariff quota concessions are subject to equal annual 
adjustments (occurring on 1 January of each year), unless otherwise specified in the last column 
("Other terms and conditions").  
2. The People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "China")shall maintain its in -quota 
applied and bound rates (and, upon removal of the tariff -quota, its applied and bound rates) for 
HS 1514 (rape or colza (canola) oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemical ly 
modified) at a level equal to that for HS 1507 (soya -bean oil and its fractions, whether or not 
refined, but not chemically modified) and for HS 1205 (rape or colza (canola) seeds, whether or 
not broken).  
3. The growth rate for the TRQ volume for canola  (rapeseed) oil shall be no less than the 
growth rate for the TRQ volume for soybean oil.  
4. An entity granted a tariff quota allocation (quota -holder) may engage in importation through 
state-trading enterprises and/or through entities possessing the right  to trade other than 
state-trading enterprises, including direct importation by the quota holder, as indicated on 
documentation issued with the allocation or reallocation of the tariff quota quantities.  
5. Application: All applications for an allocation of  the tariff -quota will be submitted to the State 
Development and Planning Commission (SDPC). Specific conditions for applying for a tariff -quota 
allocation will be published in the official journal one month in advance of the application period, 
which will  be from 15 October to 30 October.  
6. Allocation:  
a. The entire tariff -quota quantity established in Section I -B shall be allocated to end users by 
1 January each year. Inquiries regarding tariff -quota allocations can be made to the SDPC, 
with responses provi ded within 10 working days. Any additional requirement for 
importation will be automatic under the terms of the Agreement on Import Licensing 
Procedures. China shall equitably distribute allocations within each portion of the tariff -
quota to ensure complet e tariff -quota utilization and to establish a tariff -quota system that 
is open, transparent, fair, responsive to market conditions, timely, minimally burdensome 
to trade and reflects end user preferences.  
b. In the first year, allocations to end users by the SDPC of the tariff -quota reserved for 
importation through state -trading enterprises shall be based on a first -come, first -served 
system or the requests of the applicants and their historical import performance, 
production capacity, or other relevant commer cial criteria, subject to specific conditions to 
be published one month in advance of the opening of the application period so as to ensure 
an equitable distribution and complete tariff -quota utilization. In the first year, no less than 
10 % of the tariff -quota reserved for importation through state -trading enterprises will be 
allocated to new quota -holders.  
c. In the first year, allocations to end users by the SDPC of the tariff -quota reserved for 
importation through entities other than state -trading enterpri ses shall be based on a first -
come, first -served system or the requests of the applicants and their historical import 
performance, production capacity, or other relevant commercial criteria. No less than 10% 
of the tariff -quota reserved for importation thr ough entities other than state -trading 
enterprises will be allocated to new quota -holders. This tariff -quota will be limited to 
entities that do not receive any special or exclusive rights or privileges, and will include 
allocations to joint ventures, whol ly foreign -funded enterprises, and private enterprises.  
d. Except in cases where tariff -quota is allocated on a first -come, first -served basis, and in 
accordance with China's Schedule of Concessions and Commitments on Goods, a TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 83 - 
 
  quota -holder that has imported under a tariff -quota shall, upon application, receive an 
allocation of the tariff -quota in the following year for a quantity no less than the quantity 
imported the previous year. For all methods of allocation, a quota -holder that d oes not 
import its full allocation under a tariff -quota will receive a proportional reduction in the 
tariff-quota allocation in the subsequent year unless the quantity is returned to the 
SDPC  prior to 15  September. A quota holder that has failed to import its full allocation in 
two consecutive years and has returned that unused portion by 15 September shall have 
its quota allocated in the following year on the basis of its fill rate in the most recent year, 
and will not benefit from any additional reallocat ions until and unless there are no other 
applications. The means of calculating the penalty will be included in the TRQ regulation in 
force and publicly available, and will be applied in a consistent and equitable manner.  
e. Allocations will be established fo r commercially viable shipping quantities and provisions 
will be made for partial shipments against a single tariff -quota allocation. All commercial 
terms of trade, including product specification, pricing, packaging, etc., will be at the sole 
determinatio n of the importer and the exporter taking into full account the demands of the 
end user. Tariff -quota allocations will be valid for any item or mixture of items subject to 
the same tariff -quota.  
f. Inquiries on the entities which received the allocation can b e made to the SDPC which shall 
provide the information within 10 days.  
7. Term: The tariff -quota for each product will be opened on 1 January each year, unless 
otherwise specified in the Schedule. Tariff -quota allocations will be valid for the calendar yea r. 
8. Reallocation:  
a. In any year, if a quota -holder has not contracted for the total quantity by 15 September, it 
shall return the unused portion of the tariff -quota quantity to the SDPC for reallocation.  
b. Applications for reallocation of the tariff -quota wi ll be accepted by the SDPC from 
1 September to 15 September and new allocations shall be assigned by 1  October. Specific 
conditions for applying for reallocation of tariff quotas will be published in the official 
journal one month in advance of the applica tion period. Such allocations, which shall be to 
new applicants and to entities other than those returning quotas under sub -paragraph 8.A. 
above, will be assigned on a first -come, first -served basis. Quota -holders allocated a share 
of the tariff -quota rese rved for importation through entities other than state -trading 
enterprises may import through any entity that has a right to trade in any product as 
specified in Section 5 of China's Protocol of Accession.  
c. Inquiries on the entities which received the reall ocations can be made to the SDPC which 
will provide the information within 10 days.  
d. In situations where goods have been shipped from their port of origin before 31 December 
of any year, but are entered after 31 December of that year, China shall extend the  
validity of the tariff quota documents and shall count such shipments against the tariff 
quota allocation for the year in which the tariff quota was initially allocated.  
Consultations:  
 
9. With a view to maintaining a transparent and open tariff quota sys tem, upon request from 
any WTO Member, China shall consult with the Member on the administration of the tariff quota to 
ensure that the tariff quota will be allocated in a transparent, equitable and non -discriminatory 
manner and that the tariff quota will be fully utilized.  
Notes:  
 
1. The share of the tariff -quota reserved for importation through state -trading enterprises is 
specified in column 7 of Section I -B. The remainder of the tariff -quota quantity is reserved 
for importation through any non -state trading enterprise possessing the right to trade in any 
product as set forth in Section 5 of China's Protocol of Accession.  
 
In any year, if the quantity of the tariff -quota reserved for importation through state -trading 
enterprises has not been contracted  for by 15 August, quota -holders will have the right to TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 84 - 
 
  trade or to import through any entity with the right to trade any product under Section 5 of 
China's Protocol of Accession.  
 
2. China shall ensure that the applied duty for soybean oil, rapeseed oil, pal m oil, peanut oil, 
cottonseed oil, sunflower seed oil, and corn oil is no greater than the applied duty for any 
one of these oils or for any other vegetable oil. Of the vegetable oils subject to tariff quota 
(i.e., soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and palm oil),  if the tariff -quota for any one oil is 
autonomously increased, the tariff -quotas for the other two will be increased 
commensurately. Beginning 1 January 2006, China will remove soybean oil, rapeseed oil 
and palm oil from Annex 2A of the Protocol of Access ion and will grant the right to trade 
such oils to all individuals and enterprises.  
 
3. All quota holders, that have already fully used or contracted their tariff -quota allocations in 
any year by 15 September shall also be eligible for reallocation of tariff -quota from other 
quota holders that have returned their allocations.  
 
_______________  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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  ANNEX 2  
CHAPTER NOTES CONCERNING TRQ COMMI TMENTS FOR COTTON FROM THE U.S. SCHEDU LE 
"CHAPTER 52  
 
COTTON  
 
Additional U.S. Notes 1/  
 
1. Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, the staple length of cotton 
shall be determined for all customs purposes by applic ation of the Official Cotton Standards of the 
United States of America  for length of staple, as established by the Secretary of Agriculture and in 
effect when the determination is to be made.  
 
5. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of cott on, entered under the provisions 
of additional U.S. notes 6 through 11, inclusive, to this chapter, of not less than the total quantity 
specified below.  
 
 Quantity (metric tons)  
1995 41,926.8  
1996 48,850.4  
1997 55,773.9  
1998 62,697.5  
1999 69,621.0  
2000 and thereafter  76,544.6  
 
An additional aggregate quantity of 10,000 metric tons is reserved for Mexico under this note.  
 
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
1/ Note 1 and additional U.S. notes 2, 3 and 4 to this chapter are omitted from this section and 
are in section II of this schedule. Additional U.S. notes 5 through 11, inclusive, to this chapter are 
not in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States . 
 
6. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, 
having a staple length under 28.575 mm (1 -1/8 inches) (except harsh or rough cotton, having a 
staple length under 19.05 mm (3/4 inch)),  entered under subh eading 5201.00.14 during the 
12-month period beginning September 20 in any year, of not less than the total quantity specified 
below.  
 
 Quantity (metric tons)  
1995 8,495.05 * 
1996 10,837.45*  
1997 13,179.85*  
1998 15,522.25*  
1999 17,864.65*  
2000 and thereafter  20,207.05*  
* Of the quantitative limitation provided for in this note, access levels are reserved as follows for entry 
under the provisions of this note:  
 
 Quantity 
(kg)  Quantity 
(kg) 
Egypt & Sudan (aggregate)  355,532  Honduras  341 
Peru 112,469  Paraguay  395 
India & Pakistan (aggregate)  908,764  Colombia  56 
China  621,780  Iraq 88 
Brazil  280,648  British East Africa  1,016  
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics  215,512  Indonesia & Netherlands New Guinea 
(aggregate)  32,381  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 86 - 
 
   Quantity 
(kg)  Quantity 
(kg) 
Argentina  2,360  British West Indies (except Barbados, Bermuda, 
Jamaica, or Trinidad and Tobago)  9,671  
Haiti 107 Nigeria  2,438  
Ecuador  4,233  British West Africa (except Nigeria and Ghana)  7,259  
 
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses and reallocation of unfilled quotas) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
7. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of harsh or rough cotton, not carded or 
combed, having a staple le ngth of 29.36875 mm (1 -5/32 inches) or more but under 34.925 mm 
(1-3/8 inches) and white in colo ur (except cotton of perished staple, grabbots and cotton 
pickings), entered under subheading 5201.00.24 during the 12 -month period beginning 1 August 
in any ye ar, of not less than the total quantity specified below.   
 
 Quantity (metric tons)  
1995 900.0  
1996 1,000.0  
1997 1,100.0  
1998 1,200.0  
1999 1,300.0  
2000 and thereafter  1,400.0  
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
8. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, 
having a staple length of 28.575 mm (1 -1/8 inches) or more but under 34.925 mm (1 -3/8 inches) 
(except harsh or rough cotton, not carded or combed, having a staple length of 29.36875 mm 
(1-5/32 inches) or more and white in color) but including cotton of perished staple, grabbots and 
cotton pickings, entered under subheading 5201.00.34 durin g the 12 -month period beginning 
1 August in any year, of not less than the total quantity specified below.  
 
 Quantity (metric tons)  
1995 5,200.0  
1996 6,460.0  
1997 7,720.0  
1998 8,980.0  
1999 10,240.0  
2000 and thereafter  11,500.0  
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
9. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, 
having a staple length of 34 .925 mm (1 -3/8 inches) or more, entered under subheading 
5201.00.60 during the 12 -month period beginning August 1 in any year, of not less than the total 
quantity specified below.  
 
 Quantity (metric tons)  
1995 25,500.0  
1996 28,420.0  
1997 31,340.0  
1998 34,260.0  
1999 37,180.0  
2000 and thereafter  40,100.0  
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
10. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of card strips made from cotton having 
a staple length under 30.1625 mm (1 -3/16 inches), and lap waste, sliver waste and roving waste 
of cotton, all the foregoing the product of any country or are includ ing the United States of TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 87 - 
 
  America , entered under subheading 5202.99.10 during the 12 -month period beginning 
20 September in any year, of not less than the total quantity specified below.  
 
 Quantity (kg)  
1995 1,835,427*  
1996 2,135,427*  
1997 2,435,427*  
1998 2,735,427*  
1999 3,035,427*  
2000 and thereafter  3,335,427*  
* Of the quantitative limitation provided for in this note, access levels are reserved as follows for entry 
under the provisions of this note:  
 
 Quantity 
(kg)  Quantity 
(kg) 
United Kingdom  653,695  Japan  154,917  
Canada  108,721  China  7,857  
France  34,385  Egypt  3,689  
India & Pakistan (aggregate)  31,582  Cuba 2,968  
Netherlands  10,317  Germany  11,540  
Switzerland  6,711  Italy 3,215  
Belgium  5,830    
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses and reallocation of unfilled quotas) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.  
 
11. There shall be permitted entry an aggregate quantity of fibers of cotton processed but not 
spun, entered  under subheading 5203.00.10 during the 12 -month period beginning 11 September 
in any year, of not less than the total quantity specified below.  
 
 Quantity (kg)  
1995 1,000  
1996 1,300  
1997 1,600  
1998 1,900  
1999 2,200  
2000 and thereafter  2,500  
The quantitative limitations established by this note may be administered through regulations 
(including licenses) issued by the Secretary of Agriculture. " 
 
_______________  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 88 - 
 
  ANNEX 3  
EXCERPT FROM  ANNEX 1 TO G/AG/N/US A/2/ADD.3 AND G/AG/N/USA/34/ADD.1  
NOTES FROM THE HARMO NIZED TARIFF SYSTEM OF THE UNITED STATES  
"36/ Short staple cotton  
 from Additional U.S. Note 5 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS:  
 
5. The aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, the product of any country or ar ea 
including the United States of America , having a staple length under 28.575 mm (1 -1/8 inches) 
(except harsh or rough cotton, having a staple length under 19.05 mm (3/4 inch)), entered under 
subheading 5201.00.14 during the 12 -month periods from 20 Septe mber 1999, through 
19 September 2000, inclusive, shall not exceed 17,864.65 metric tons or from 
20 September  2000, through 19 September 2001, inclusive, shall not exceed 20,207.05 metric 
tons (articles the product of Mexico shall not be permitted or includ ed in the aforementioned 
quantitative limitation and no such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Of the quantitative limitations provided for in this note, the countries listed below shall have 
access to not less than the quantities specified below:  
 
 Quantity (kg)  
Argentina  2,360  
Brazil  280,648  
British East Africa  1,016  
British West Africa (except Nigeria and Ghana)  7,259  
British West Indies (except Barbados, Bermuda, Jamaica, Trinidad, Tobago)  9,671  
Chine  621,780  
Colombia  56 
Ecuador  4,233  
Egypt & Sudan (aggregate)  355,532  
Haiti 107 
Honduras  341 
India & Pakistan (aggregate)  908,764  
Indonesia & Netherlands New Guinea (aggregate)  32,381  
Iraq 88 
Nigeria  2,438  
Paraguay  395 
Peru 112,469  
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, 
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan (aggregate)  215,512  
 Other than as provided for in the country allocations above, articles the product of countries 
or areas who are not members of the World Trade Organization shall not be permitted or included 
in the quantitative limitations set forth in this note.  
37/ Harsh or rough cotton  
 from Additional U.S. Note 6 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS:  
 
6. The aggregate quantity of harsh or rough cotto n, not carded or combed, the product of any 
country or area including the United States of America , having a staple length of 29.36875 mm (1 -
5/32 inches) or more but under 34.925 mm (1 -3/8 inches) and white in color (except cotton of 
perished staple, grabb ots and cotton pickings), entered under subheading 5201.00.24 during the 
12-month periods from 1 August 1999, through 31 July 2000, inclusive, shall not exceed 1,300.0 
metric tons or from 1 August 2000, through 31 July 2001, inclusive, shall not exceed 1,4 00.0 
metric tons (articles the product of Mexico shall not be permitted or included in the 
aforementioned quantitative limitation and no such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Articles the product of countries or areas who are not members of the W orld Trade 
Organization shall not be permitted or included in the quantitative limitations set forth in this note.  
 
38/ Medium staple cotton  
 from Additional U.S. Note 7 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS:  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 89 - 
 
  7. The aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, the product of any country or area 
including the United States of America , having a staple length of 28.575 mm (1 -1/8 inches) or 
more but under 34.925 mm (1 -3/8 inches) (except harsh or rough cotton, not carded or combed, 
having a staple length of 29.36875 mm (1 -5/32 inches) or more and white in colo ur) but including 
cotton of perished staple, grabbots and cotton pickings, entered under subheading 5201.00.34 
during the 12 -month periods from 1 August 19 99, through 31 July 2000, inclusive, shall not 
exceed 10,240.0 metric tons or from 1 August 2000, through 31 July 2001, inclusive, shall not 
exceed 11,500.0 metric tons (articles the product of Mexico shall not be permitted or included in 
the aforementione d quantitative limitation and no such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Articles the product of countries or areas who are not members of the World Trade 
Organization shall not be permitted or included in the quantitative limitations set forth in this note.  
 
39/ Long staple cotton  
 from Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 52:  
 
8. The aggregate quantity of cotton, not carded or combed, the product of any country or area 
including the United States of America , having a staple length of 34.925 mm (1 -3/8 inches) or 
more, entered under subheading 5201.00.60 during the 12 -month periods from 1 August 1999, 
through 31 July 2000, inclusive, shall not exceed 37,180.0 metric tons or from 1 August 2000, 
through 31 July 2001, inclusive, shall not exceed 40,100.0 m etric tons (articles the product of 
Mexico shall not be permitted or included in the aforementioned quantitative limitation and no 
such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Articles the product of countries or areas who are not members of the World T rade 
Organization shall not be permitted or included in the quantitative limitations set forth in this note.  
 
40/ Cotton waste  
 from Additional U.S. Note 9 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS:  
 
9. The aggregate quantity of card strips made from cotton having a stap le length under 
30.1625 mm (1 -3/16 inches), and lap waste, sliver waste and roving waste of cotton, all the 
foregoing the product of any country or area including the United States of America , entered under 
subheading 5202.99.10 during the 12 -month periods  from 20 September 1999, through 
19 September 2000, inclusive, shall not exceed 3,035,427 kilograms or from 20 September  2000, 
through 19 September 2001, inclusive, shall not exceed 3,335,427 kilograms (articles the product 
of Mexico shall not be permitted  or included in the aforementioned quantitative limitation and no 
such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Of the quantitative limitations provided for in this note, the countries listed below shall have 
access to not less than the quantities specif ied below:  
 
 Quantity (kg)  
Belgium  5,830  
Canada  108,721  
China  7,857  
Cuba 2,968  
Egypt  3,689  
France  34,385  
Germany  11,540  
Italy 3,215  
India & Pakistan (aggregate)  31,582  
Japan  154,917  
Netherlands  10,317  
Switzerland  6,711  
United Kingdom  653,695  
 Other than as provided for in the country allocations above, articles the product of countries 
or areas who are not members of the World Trade Organization shall not be permitted or included 
in the quantitative limitations set forth in this note.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 90 - 
 
  41/ Cotton processed but not spun  
 from Additional U.S. Note 10 to Chapter 52 of the HTSUS:  
  
10. The aggregate quantity of fibers of cotton processed but not spun, entered under 
subheading 5203.00.10 during the 12 -month periods from 11 September 1999, through 
10 September 2000, inclusive, shall not exceed 2,200 kilograms or from 11 September 2000, 
through 10 September 2001, inclusive, shall not exceed 2,500 kilograms (articles the product of 
Mexico shall not be permitted or included in the aforementioned quantita tive limitation and no 
such articles shall be classifiable therein).  
 
 Articles the product of countries or areas who are not members of the World Trade 
Organization shall not be permitted or included in the quantitative limitations set forth in this 
note." 
 
_______________  
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 91 - 
 
  ANNEX 4  
MEMBERS' REPLIES TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE  ON NEW OR UPDATED  
COTTON -RELATED POLICY DEVEL OPMENTS  
1) Since the second dedicated discussion of the relevant trade -related developments for cotton 
of 28  November 2014, Members agreed that, in order to complement the revised background 
paper to be prepared by the WTO Secretariat  and in advance of each dedicated discussion , a 
questionnaire would be sent to Members to seek updates, on a voluntary basis, on their recent 
cotton-related policy developments  across the three pillars of Market Access, Domestic Support 
and Export Competition .1 Members were also invited to provide an assessment of the impact (or 
anticipated impact), if available, of those new or updated policy devel opments.  
 
2) Six questionnaires were circulated, on 4  February 2015, 17 September 2015, 
22 February  20162, 13 September 2016 , 28 March 2017  and 10 October 2017  respectively. The 
following table lists Members who have replied  to those questionnaires. The replying Members  who 
are among the 32  Members identified in paragraph s 12 and 13  of this paper  as markets of interest 
to LDCs  are identified in bold : 
 
Members who replied to the previous questionnaire s 
circulated on 4 February 2015 , 17 September 2015 ,22 
February 2016 , 13 September 2016  and 28 March 2017  Members who replied to the questionnaire 
circulated on 10 October  2017  
Argentina ; Australia; Benin ; Brazil; Burkina Faso; 
Chad; China ; Colombia; Costa Rica; Egypt; Ecuador; 
European Union; Hong Kong, China; Israel ; Macao, 
China; Mali;  Mauritius; New Zealand ; Pakistan; 
Peru; Russian Federation; South Africa;  Chinese 
Taipei; United States of America and Uruguay . Argentina;  Colombia ; Ecuador;  Hong Kong, 
China , Mali and Morocco .  
 
3) Some  Members p rovided a "n il" reply, i.e. they did not report any new  or update d policy 
development  across the three pillars of Market Access, Domestic  Support and Export Competition . 
These Members are listed in the  table below.   
 
Members with a nil reply to the previous questionnaire s 
circulated on 4 February 2015 , 17 September , 22 
February 2016 , 13 September 2016  and 28 March 2017  Members with a nil reply to the questionnaire  
circulated on 10 October 2017  
Australia;  Ecuador;  European Union;  Costa Rica; Hong 
Kong, China; Macao, China; Mauritius; New Zealand; 
Pakistan;  Peru;  Chinese Taipei , Russian Federation; 
Uganda  and Uruguay.  Colombia ; Ecuador; Hong Kong, China , Mali 
and Morocco . 
 
4) Non-nil replies are reproduced below . In cases where a Member has replied to more than 
one questionnaire, only the response to the latest questionnaire is listed. Responses to earlier 
questionnaires can be found in previous versions of the Secretariat's background paper.  
 
_______________  
 
 
                                                
1 Paragraph 12 of the Chairperson report on the second dedicated d iscussion of the relevant 
trade -related developments for cotton (TN/AG/29  and TN/AG/SCC/3 ). 
2 The French and Spanish versions of the questionnaire were circulated on 8 March 2016.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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  Reply from Argentina to the questionnaire circulated on 10  October 2017  (original reply 
in Spanish)   
 
1. The Ministry of Agro -Industry has been working since 2016 to establish plant health agencies, in 
accordance with Law No.  27.233, so that producers can a ssist in the fight against the cotton boll 
weevil, a pest that is causing significant production losses. The Agricultural Producers Association 
of Santiago del Estero, Zone IV, is the first to be entered in the National Register of Health 
Agencies, pursuan t to SENASA Resolution No.  510/2017; it covers the Río Dulce irrigation area, 
located south of the city of Santiago del Estero and extending approximately down to the city 
of Loreto.  
 
2. The National Government has pushed for the introduction of a traceabi lity programme that 
establishes the quality and origin of cotton fibre by means of a High Volume Instrument 
(HVI)  system. Fibres of known origin and recognized quality will enjoy greater market access.  
 
3. It is important to emphasize that the first HVI cotton testing  laboratory was inaugurated on 
21 September last in the province of Santa Fe.  
 
4. The National Government has eliminated the tax (export duties) on cotton fibre, the applied 
rate of which was 5%.  
 
5. The Ministry of Agro -Industry laid down l ines of action under the Assistance Programme for the 
Improvement of Cotton Fibre Quality (PROCALGODON), est ablished pursuant to 
Resolution  No. 537/2008.  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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  Reply from Angola to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017  
 
In response to the Secretariat questionnaire, Angola is giving the following information:  
 
1) Market access  
 
Cotton production in Angola is insignificant. In 2016, the production of cotton fibre ( lint) was 
640 tonnes. For 2017, cotton fibre production is estimated at 68 tonnes. Projected c otton fibre 
production for 2018 is 480 tonnes.  
 
Prior to the rehabilitation of the national textile industry, the cotton produced was exported to 
Bangladesh. After the rehabilitation of the textile industry, the cotton produced in the country 
started to se ll in the domestic market.  
 
The national textile industry, composed of three spinning and weaving factories, has imported 
cotton from Greece and India to meet its needs. This picture will be change with the full re -launch 
of cotton production in the countr y. The estimated yearly need of the national textile industry is 
estimated at 24.000 tonnes of cotton fibre.  
 
2) Domestic support  
 
In 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture took the first step towards the sustainable re -launch of cotton 
production in the country. T his year 212 hectares of land were cultivated. The Ministry of 
Agriculture provided seeds and inputs and assisted with the preparation of land.  
 
Banks in Angola are available to finance the cotton value chain, provided entrepreneurs submit 
feasible investment projects.  
 
The Angolan Executive is committed to mobilizing financial resources for the relaunch of the cotton 
value chain.  
 
3) Export competition  
 
Angola does not apply any export competition measures.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
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   Reply from Brazil to the questionnaire cir culated on 28 March 2017  
 
With regard to the Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture in Special Session invitation of 
28 March 2017 to provide updates on Members cotton -related policy developments in view of the 
forthcoming inserseventh  dedicated discussion, Brazil submits the following information:  
 
1) Market access  
 
Of the three tariff lines in heading 5201 (cotton, not carded or combed), tariff line 5201.00.10 (not 
ginned) had its applied duty rate kept at 6% as of July 2015. Tariff line  5201.00.20 (merely 
ginned) had its applied duty rate reduced from 10% to 6% in the period from April 22nd 2016 to 
February 17th 2017. A zero duty TRQ of 75 thousand tons was established for the period from 
February 18th to July 31st 2017, with the extra -quota duty kept at 6%. As of August 1st, the 6% 
duty will be reinstated. Tariff line 5201.00.90 (others) had its applied duty rate reduced from 10% 
to 6% in October 1st 2016 and remains at that level to date;  
 
2) Domestic support  
 
From July 2015 to May 2017, there has been no domestic support provided to Brazilian cotton 
producers.  
 
3) Export competition  
 
No export subsidies have been granted to cotton from July 2015 to May 2017.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 95 - 
 
  Reply from Burkina Faso to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017 (origina l 
reply in French)  
 
There have been no particular changes across the three pillars of market access, domestic support 
and export competition since the 26th round of the WTO Director -General's Consultative 
Framework Mechanism on Cotton. Burkina Faso's cotto n-related policy developments are 
summarized in the following table:  
 
Pillars  Cotton -related policy 
developments  Comments  
Market Access  Nothing to report  Nothing to report  
Domestic Support  Nothing to report  Nothing to report  
Export Competition  Nothing to report  Nothing to report  
 
By way of general comment on Burkina Faso's cotton sector, it is important to point out that for 
this 2017/2018 cotton season, the cotton will be grown from 100% conventional cotton seed.  
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 96 - 
 
  Reply from Colombia to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017 (original reply in 
Spanish)  
 
The WTO questionnaire requests information on any new or updated cotton -related policy 
developments.  
 
1) Market access  
In addition to the duty -free treatment granted by Colombia to its mai n cotton -supplying trading 
partners, the Colombian Government considered it viable to grant a  15,000 tonne import quota for 
2017, at a zero tariff rate, for uncarded and uncombed cotton under tariff subheading 
5201.00.30.00 for countries with which Colombi a currently has trade agreements and which have 
not reached free access under their reduction timetables, and also for third countries with which 
trade agreements have not been concluded.  
 
The quota was opened to help supply domestic industry in the quantities required for industrial 
consumption in 2017, even though the fibre included in this subheading is not produced in the 
country's cotton regions. This measure is pending approval and regulation.  
2) Domestic support  
The minimum guaranteed price is use d as an instrument to protect the income of domestic cotton 
producers from unfavourable international price fluctuations. In  2016, farmers were paid 
9,500  million Colombian pesos, through the minimum guaranteed price scheme, as compensation 
for the fall in  international fibre prices.3 For 2017, the Colombian Government does not envisage 
implementing a policy establishing a minimum guaranteed price for cotton.  
 
Moreover, Colombia does not have any new or recent cotton -related instruments.  
3) Export competition  
Colombia did not apply any export competition measures.  
 
                                                
3 The competitiveness of Colombian cotton has improved, with significant progress made in terms of 
yield, fibre characteristics and production costs, thanks to better g rowing conditions resulting from the use of 
new technologies and improved agricultural practices.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 97 - 
 
  Reply from the European Union to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017  
 
In reply to the questionnaire of the WTO Secretariat of 2 8 March on new cotton -related policy 
developments in advance of the seventh dedicated discussion on cotton, the EU would like to 
provide update of the data on direct payment expenditures for cotton granted in accordance with 
Article 6.5 of the Agreement on Agriculture. No other cotton -related policy developments occ urred 
in the EU during the reporting period.  
 
European Union  
(Million EUR in a calendar year)  
Description of Measure  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  
Payments based on fixed area and yields: 
Cotton (Title IV, Chapter 1, Section 6 of 
Regulation  (EC) No  73/2009; from 2015, 
Title IV, Chapter 2 of Regulation (EU) 
No 1307/2013)  247.5  216.9  221.7  247.3  245.8  242.3  231.8  244.0  243.9  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 98 - 
 
  Reply from Peru to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017 (original reply in 
Spanish)  
 
1) Market access  
During the analysis period, Peru made no changes to its cotton -related policies concerning market 
access.  
2) Domestic support  
Cotton Financing Programme (2016 -2017 season)  
Description of the programme  
Funding programme consisting of the provision of repayable loans to eligible cotton producers 
in the coastal region for support activities (seasonal), including the purchase of inputs, machinery, 
labour, administrative costs and technical assistance.  
Objective  
Provision of loans to finance cotton farming for the purchas e of inputs  (seed, fertilizers and 
agrochemicals), machinery, labour, administrative costs and technical  assistance.  
Beneficiaries  
Cotton producers on the Peruvian coast, through producer organizations (formally established 
cooperatives and/or  associations ), which, in addition, provide services relating to business 
management and technical assistance.  
Duration : 2016-2017 cotton season.  
 
Form of benefit  
During the 2016 -2017 cotton season, AGROBANCO continued its funding programme for cotton 
producers (Annual  Effective Rate:  16%).  
The areas concerned were the areas producing mainly the Tanguis (long staple) cotton variety 
and, to a lesser extent, the IPA -59 and Hazera (extra -long staple) varieties.  
In light of the unforeseen rains caused by the El  Niño Costero  phenomenon, AGROBANCO modified 
its funding plan in the departments of Piura and Lambayeque (north coast).  
Funding is expected to amount to S/4,900.00  per ha4, with a maximum of 4  ha per producer 
(up to 6 ha for returning clients), distributed as follows:  
Category  Amount (in soles)  
Inputs and services: seed, fertilizers, agrochemicals  2,200.00  
Machinery, labour for farming and harvest work  2,430.00  
Technical assistance  270.00  
Administrative costs   
Technical management   
Total  4,900.00  
Source:  Cotton Programme –AGROBANCO . 
3) Export competition  
Peru does not provide export subsidies for agricultural p roducts, including cotton.  
                                                
4 This amount is lower when the producer can do without a certain category either because it can fund 
the resources itself or because it has the resources.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 99 - 
 
  Reply from the Russian Federation to the questionnaire circulated on 28  March 2017  
 
1) Market  access  
Cotton fiber exports and imports of the Russian Federation (thousand US dollars)  
  2016  
Export   
Republic of Belarus  238.1 
Total 238.1 
Import   
Azerbaijan  478.2 
Republic of Belarus  2.2 
Kazakhstan  24,515.3 
Kyrgyz Republic  11,642.9  
Latvia  4,624.4  
Tajikistan  20,501.1  
Turkey  63.4 
Turkmenistan  3,881.4  
Republic of Uzbekistan  14,865 .9 
Total 80,574.7  
 
2) Domestic support  
The Russian Federation does not provide domestic support for cotton.  
 
3) Export competition  
There are no specific measures in the context of export competition for cotton in the Russian 
Federation.   
 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 100 - 
 
  Reply from Benin to the questionnaire circulated on 13  September 2016 (original reply 
in French)  
 
Eager to bring about a significant expansion of the cotton sector in the framework of  a 
public -private partnership, the Council of Ministers decided to revive the Framework Agreement 
between the State and the Cotton Trade Association (AIC). Accordingly, the agreement, which had 
been suspended on 23  September  2013, was renewed on 28  April 2016. A number of reforms 
undertaken by the Beninese Government have had a direct or indirect impact on the cotton sector 
through the three pillars of agriculture, i.e. market access, domestic support and export 
competition.  
 
1) Market  access  
One of the aims o f the amending finance law adopted in July  2016 and the preliminary draft 
finance law of 2017 is to promote measures to stimulate private investment. Accordingly, since 
July 2016, the registration formalities for the following documents are taxed at 0% : 
 
 deeds for transfer of movable and immovable property, in connection with the 
improvement of the business climate;  
 
 credit agreements, in order to reduce the cost of credit transactions.  
Measures were also taken to reduce harassment along the trunk roads.  
 
Similarly, in connection with the transport of seed cotton from the self -managed markets to the 
processing plants, the Government decided to remove the rehabilitation of rural roads from the 
responsibilities relating to critical functions. The rehabilitati on of dirt roads used for cotton is now 
the responsibility of the State.  
 
2) Domestic s upport  
In connection with domestic support, the following new measures have been taken:  
 
Revival of the Framework Agreement between the State and the AIC. The introduction of 
domestic price support mechanisms for producers  is now the responsibility of the 
sectoral trade associations in cooperation with the Ministry.  
Production and agricultural  research capacity -building through the introduction, in July  2016, of an 
agricultural research contribution charged on exports of cotton seed and fibre and raw 
cashew nuts, at a rate of 10 CFAF per kilogram exported.  
Suspension by the Government of cotton  subsidies (particularly in relation to inputs) as from the 
2016-2017 season.  
3) Export c ompetition  
The introduction of a framework conducive to agro -industry is at the centre of the interim budget 
for 2016. A public/private partnership law will help to promo te the processing industry and in 
particular the cotton spinning mills.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 101 - 
 
  Reply from Mali to the questionnaire circulated on 13  September 2016 (original reply in 
French)  
 
The following noteworthy developments have occurred since July  2016:  
 
1) Market access  
 
Awareness -raising missions along major roads to reduce the number of checkpoints;  
 
Fact-finding mission to assess the opportunities offered by Mauritania's Autonomous Port . 
2) Domestic support  
 
Signing of a performance contract with the Compagnie Malienne  des Textiles (COMATEX  SA) for 
the sourcing of raw materials on preferential terms;  
 
Payment of VAT abolished (exemption) on the purchase price of cotton seed for the 
crushing  plants;  
 
"1,000 tractors" programme: facilitated access to tractors in order to boost domestic production;  
 
Signing of a protocol between the National Oil  Mill and Cattle Feed Federation  of Mali (FENAPHAB) 
and stakeholders in the livestock meat subsector in order to provide better access to oil cake and 
other cattle feed.  
3) Export c ompetition  
 
Mali does not grant any cotton export subsidies.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 102 - 
 
  Reply from Australia to the questionnaire circulated on 22  February 2016  
 
Cotton Research and 
Development  Research into improvements 
in cotton production  AUD 7.729 million for 
2014-15 Australian  Government 
Department of Agriculture, 
Water Resources (DAWR)  
 
 
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 103 - 
 
  Reply from Israel to the questionnaire circulated on 22  February 2016  
 
With regard to the Chairman’s requests on cotton Israel would like to inform the Members of the 
following:  
 
No new or updated cotton -related policy developments occurred in Israel in 2015  
 
1) Market access  
 
No changes in tariffs related to cotton were made during 2015.  
 
2) Domestic support  
 
Israel's budgetary outlay for cotton in both thousand  USD and thousand tonnes (marketing year, 
1 October -30 September) for 2015 was zero.  
 
Market price support, non -exempt direct payments, other product -specific support, product -
specific EMS and product -specific AMS for cotton during 2015 were also zero.  
 
3) Export  competition  
 
Export subsidies for cotton were zero in 2015.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 104 - 
 
  Reply from South Africa to the questionnaire circulated on 22  February 2016  
 
1) Market access  
 
No changes were made to market access related policies in recent years.  
 
All tariffs for co tton at the applied level are zero, with the exception of the following lines:  
 
Product code  Product  Tariff  
5201 0020  Ginned, but not further processed  ZAR 1.60/kg  
5201 0090  Other  15% 
5203 00  Cotton, carded or combed  15% 
 
On the above tariff lines, a preference tariff of zero is applied for cotton origination in SADC 
countries and the EU in accordance with relevant Free Trade Agreements.  
 
In recent years, an average in access of 90% of South Africa's cotton imports originat es from 
SADC countries. The suppliers of cotton in this regard are, in the main, LDCs.  
 
2) Domestic support  
 
No changes were made to Domestic Support policies.  
 
No AMS has been used on cotton for more than 15 years. Cotton production might indirectly 
benefit from Green Box expenditure.  
 
3) Export competition  
 
No changes were made to EC policies.  
 
South Africa did not make use of export subsidies since  the year  2000.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 105 - 
 
  Reply from the United States of America to the questionnaire circulated on 
22 February  20165 
 
On 6 June 2016, USDA announced the Cotton Ginning Cost -Share programme, which provides 
cost-share assistance payments to cotton producers. Cotton ginning is a necessary requirement for 
producers to market the lint for fibre or the seed for oil or feed. Through the Cotton Ginning 
Cost-Share programme, eligible producers can receive a one -time cost share payment in 2016, 
which is based on a producer's past plantings (i.e., 2015 cotton planted acres) and 40% of the 
average ginning cost in each of the four prod uction regions. The programme is limited in scope by 
payment caps and eligibility requirements for producers.  
 
Any payments under the programme will be based on the 2015 cotton plantings and are not 
connected to either current or future production. Sign -up for U.S. producers began on 20 June and 
will run through 5 August 2016.   
                                                
5 This reply was provided after the circulati on of the fourth  revision of this background paper and is 
include d in document TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.4/Add.2 - TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.4/Add.2 . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 106 - 
 
  Reply from Chad to the questionnaire circulated on 4  February 2015 (original reply in 
French)   
 
The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Chad to the World Trade Organization (WTO) presents 
its compliments to the WTO Secretariat and, further to the Secretariat's correspondence of 
4 February  2015 on relevant trade -related developments for cotton, has the honour to transmit 
herewith details of new cotton -related policy developments tha t have occurred in Chad since 
January 2014 in relation to the following three pillars:  
 
1) Market a ccess 
 
Chad has adopted an action plan with a view to substantially increasing production in its cotton 
sector. This will enable the country to boost exports to  the main consumer countries, most notably 
Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Portugal and Germany.  
 
2) Domestic support  
 
Despite a difficult budgetary situation, due to the fall in oil prices which has spread to other raw 
materials and which has played a signific ant role in slowing down the country's economic growth, 
the Chadian State has fought to maintain its cotton sector, which is of considerable economic and 
social importance for millions of Chadians. This support, which has a significant impact on priority 
sectors such as education and health, clearly demonstrates the Government's determination to do 
everything possible to ensure that this important sector does not disappear - something that would 
have disastrous consequences for Chad and its population. This  support is consistent with Article 
6.2 of the Agreement on Agriculture.  
 
3) Export competition  
 
Chad continues to suffer the severe financial consequences of falling cotton prices due to the unfair 
competition that we are continuously denouncing at the WTO. If all cotton -producing countries 
were on an equal footing in the international market, Chadian cotton would be more competitive 
and the cotton sector would be making a profit instead of the successive losses recorded in recent 
years.  
 
This is a moral issu e within the WTO, and as WTO Members we are all responsible for finding a 
solution to this situation, which is unacceptable to countries like ours.  
 
The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Chad to the World Trade Organization takes this 
opportunity to ren ew the assurances of its highest consideration to the WTO Secretariat.  
 
Access to international markets  
 
The Société Cotonnière du Tchad (COTONTCHAD) exported 31,700 tonnes of fibre in 2014 and 
envisages export production of 52,000 tonnes of fibre in 2015,  i.e. an increase of almost 50%. 
This significant increase is linked to the creation of a business plan that envisages a gradual 
increase in production to 120,000 tonnes of fibre by 2018.  
 
This business plan was adopted by the Board of Directors, which inc ludes representatives of the 
various Ministers responsible for agricultural policy in general and the development of the cotton 
sector in particular.  
 
The increase in production has been possible thanks to the support the State has provided by 
selling inp uts (fertilizer, insecticides and various other materials) to farmers to increase crop 
yields, and the increase in the purchase price paid to cotton farmers, which is set at 240 CFAF/kg 
for high -grade cotton.  
 
Cotton is of considerable economic and social importance to Chad. The Chadian government has 
spared no effort to provide financial support to increase cotton production, since this sector 
provides a livelihood, both directly and indirectly, for almost 3 million people. The cotton sector is 
the only se ctor that brings large quantities of fresh capital into producing regions. It helps to settle 
the population, and COTONTCHAD SN, which is in charge of purchasing, ginning and marketing, 
funds village associations with a view to the construction of classroo ms and family health clinics.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 107 - 
 
  3756CFAF 20 billion in cash was distributed to farmers in 2014 for the purchase of seed cotton, 
and the company plans to provide CFAF 31 billion in 2015. In anticipation of the increase 
in production in the next two to three y ears, the Chadian State has committed itself, 
via the Development Bank of Central African States (BDEAC), to a long -term loan of approximately 
CFAF 30 billion for  COTONTCHAD SN, so as to ensure the renewal and strengthening of logistics 
and industrial infr astructure.  
 
Due to the lack of cotton processing infrastructure at national and regional level, COTONTCHAD SN 
exports 98% of its production abroad. The main consumer markets are Asian and European 
countries. Although there are no particular restrictions a ffecting Chad directly, certain domestic 
policies implemented by wealthier countries distort competitiveness. This means that certain mills, 
while appreciating the intrinsic qualities of Chadian cotton, refrain from buying our cotton when 
they compare its price with the local prices of their own production, which are driven down 
artificially. However, given the much appreciated quality of Chadian cotton, our sales remain 
steady, despite the fall in prices.  
 
Listed below are the main consumers of Chadian co tton in 2014 and 2015:  
Exports o f Chadian Cotton By Country  
COUNTRY  QUANTITY (TONNES)  
2014  Projection for 2015  
Germany  1,500  3,500  
Portugal  2,550  5,200  
Spain  700 1,300  
Italy 200 900 
India 8,300  9,500  
Indonesia  3,380  5,800  
Bangladesh  11,415  18,220  
China  1,850  3,800  
Malaysia  180 680 
Thailand  500 600 
Viet Nam  1,125  2,500  
Total  31,700  52,000  
 
State Domestic Support  
 
In 2014, the Chadian State budgeted 6.9 billion to support farmers by subsidizing fertilizer. 
For 2015, it budgeted 6.69 billion. Of  the amount for 2014, COTONTCHAD SN received 3.5 billion, 
although nothing has yet been paid out under the 2015 budget due to the country's current 
economic and financial situation, which is particularly difficult.  
 
This support is consistent with the prov isions of Article 6.2 on special and differential treatment for 
the promotion of agriculture and rural areas in low -income countries and the fight against poverty.  
 
Despite a difficult budgetary situation, due to the drop in oil prices which has spread to other raw 
materials and which has played a significant role in slowing down the country's economic growth, 
the Chadian State has fought to maintain its cotton sector, which is of considerable economic and 
social importance for millions of Chadians. The Sta te's actions, which have had an important 
impact on priority sectors such as education and health, clearly demonstrate the Government's 
determination to do everything possible to ensure that this important sector does not disappear - 
something that would h ave disastrous consequences for Chad and its population.  
 
Cotton plays a pivotal role in our country's development. It is competitive. And yet it suffers from 
the effects of the massive cotton subsidies provided by certain countries, which have the effect of 
driving down prices on the international market.  
 
For Chad, the time has come to move on from general statements and engage constructively in 
substantive discussions on the cotton issue. This belief forms the basis of its commitment and 
determination to  continue negotiating with other C4 members at the WTO. Chad remains open to 
any initiatives that might help to find an acceptable solution to the cotton issue.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 108 - 
 
  Export c ompetition  
 
The massive support provided to farmers in the form of both production and  operating subsidies 
by countries such as the United States and China and by the European Union constitute unfair 
competition and have been denounced for several years now by the C4 countries within the WTO 
framework. The least developed countries (LDCs) c ontinue to suffer the severe financial 
consequences of falling cotton prices. If all cotton -producing countries were on an equal footing in 
the international market, African cotton would be more competitive and the cotton sector would be 
making a profit in stead of the successive losses recorded in recent years.  
 
Countries such as the United States and China have introduced mechanisms to help 
the C4 countries with a view to repairing the harm they have suffered, but these interventions 
amount  to very little when compared with the hundreds of millions of dollars paid to their 
respective  producers.  
 
What is being demanded by the C4 countries in general, and by Chad in particular, is compliance 
with the WTO rules that condemn unfair competition and the artificia l driving down of prices, 
rather than the rules on subsidies, which are already well defined and should be limited in terms 
of volume.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 109 - 
 
  Reply from China to the questionnaire circulated on 4  February 20156 
 
First, China supports C -4's position and their re quest to solve their problem according to the 
Ministerial Decision on Cotton of December 2013 adopted at MC9. We also support the approach to 
solve the problem of cotton on the basis of the Agriculture Modalities of 2008  (TN/AG/W/4/Rev.4 ). 
We would continu e to work together with all Members to find the solution to this issue.  
 
Second, China's cotton sector is subsistence farming.  
 
China is among the largest cotton producers in the world. However, China's production is based on 
small -scale and subsistence f arming, and the average acreage of cotton is 0.3 hectare per 
household. Moreover, China's cotton production is located remotely in the resource -poor and 
underdeveloped ethnic minority areas, serving as the only instrument for local livelihood security 
and poverty reduction.  
 
After joining the WTO, China's cotton production has shown a declining trend; the cotton acreage 
has diminished from 4.8 million hectares in 2001 to 4.3 million hectares in 2013. The main reason 
for such a decline is the high productio n cost compared to the lower price of cotton caused by 
subsidies of the developed Members.  
 
Third, China's cotton subsidies are at minimal low level.  
 
China's agriculture support toolbox is short supplied compared to other WTO Members. It has no 
AMS includ ing on cotton, no development box. China is only entitled to de minimis , for which the 
level is also lower than for other developing Members (8.5% versus 10%).  
 
China's cotton support remains lower both in absolute terms and per capita terms. In absolute 
terms, China's cotton support is US D 480 million. In per capita terms per cotton farmer, China's 
cotton support is only just US D 16. 
 
Fourth, China's cotton subsidy policy is a passive response.  
 
China has been the victim to the cotton subsidies by the deve loped Members. Since its accession 
into the WTO, China's cotton imports surged from 113,000 tonnes to 4.2 million tonnes, while the 
cotton acreage actually diminished.  
 
China's poor subsistence cotton farmers are over 30 million in household, and they will be forced 
out of jobs if the Government does not take the necessary actions. Therefore, the Chinese 
Government has no choice but to subsidize its poor cotton famers to offset the subsidies and 
safeguard the livelihood of those poor famers.  
 
Fifth, Chi na's cotton subsidy policy does not distort international trade.  
 
China's temporary cotton reserve policy is designed to offset the turbulence of the volatile 
international market caused by the subsidies of developed Members. This policy does not create 
production distortion or trade distortion. On the production side, China's cotton production does 
not increase in a significant manner. On the import side, China's cotton import continues to 
increase from 2.8 million tonnes in 2010 to 4.2 million tonnes in 2 013. If the import on cotton yarn 
is included, the cotton import will be increased from 4.1 million tonnes to 6.5 million tonnes, which 
provides strong incentives for all cotton producers and the developing ones in particular in the 
context of depressed gl obal cotton prices. In addition, the cotton in stock is intended for domestic 
textile industry rather than for export, thus producing no distortion on international cotton market.  
 
In the meantime, exports of Chinese textiles are still subject to tariff pe aks, tariff escalations and 
other protectionist measures of developed Members, which the developed Members intend to 
ignore through the so -called recalibration exercise.  
 
                                                
6 This reply was provided after the circulation of the second revision of thi s background paper and is 
included in document TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.2/Add.1 - TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.2/Add.1.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 110 - 
 
  Sixth, China has made significant contribution to resolving the cotton issue.  
 
China has been the largest cotton importer, and its share in the global cotton import has been 
consistently more than 50%, which creates a lot of market access for the export developing 
Members.  
 
China has been extensively importing a large amount of cotton from  African cotton -producing 
Members, including the C -4. During the period 2001 to 2013, China's cotton imports from Africa 
increased from 3,700 tonnes to 442,000 tonnes.  
 
On the development assistance side, China has been committed to providing technical and  
financial assistance to the C -4 to enhance their production and export capacity. China signed 
cooperation Communiqués with the C -4 members in 2011 and 2013, respectively, which cover the 
supplies of agriculture inputs, training courses, technology transfe r, etc. In addition, China has 
also been providing various cotton -related assistance to the C -4 through bilateral channels.  
 
On the allocation of the cotton TRQ  
 
Regarding the allocation of TRQ of cotton, it is consistent with China's WTO commitment. Anot her 
related question is about the import exceeding the import quota. In addition to the 894,000 
tonnes, we import more than the TRQ subject to the sliding duties.  
 
On China's domestic support notification  
 
Regarding the notification, China has just updated  its domestic support notification up to 2010, 
and preparation for new notifications is underway.  
 
On China's cotton stock  
 
Regarding China's cotton stock, the stock is real, as we have imported more cotton than our 
obligation. We import cotton for textile  processing, but we are facing a lot of difficulties in the 
textile sector as just mentioned. The other reason for the huge stock is that the price for cotton is 
distorted by the subsidies from developed Members.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 111 - 
 
  Reply from Egypt  to the questionnaire circulated on 4  February 2015  
 
1. Applied tariffs on cotton versus bound tariffs (2015)  
HS Description  Applied tariff 2015 
% Bound 
Tariff %  
5201.00  Cotton, not carded or combed  Free 5 
5202.00  Cotton waste (including yarn waste and garnetted stock)    
5202.10  - Yarn waste (including thread waste)  5 5 
 - Other:    
5202.91  -- Garnetted stock  5 5 
5202.99  -- Other  5 5 
5203.00  Cotton, carded or combed  5 5 
 
2. Egyptian cotton trade  
 2012  2013  2014  
Quantity  
(tonnes)  Value  
(USD 
million)  Quantity  
(tonnes)  Value  
(USD 
million)  Quantity  
(tonnes)  Value  
(USD 
million)  
Exports  86,775.62  197.07  67,097.50  136.69  37,313.53  89.90  
Imports  16,412.16  44.47  4,833,833.36  170.41  76,436.45  175.94  
 
3. Egyptian cotton production (in metric cantars, 1 metric cantar = 50 kg)  
 
Year 2011 -2012  2012 -2013  2013 -2014  2014 -2015  
production  3,685,927  2,164,949  1,880,564  2,482,198  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 112 - 
 
  ANNEX 5  
INFORMATION ON COTTO N MARKETS AND POLICI ES FROM  
THE TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM1 
1.1.  At the second dedicated discussion of the relevant trade -related developments for cotton, 
Members agreed that, in order to complement the revised background paper to be prepared by the 
WTO Secretariat , the Secretariat would compile information related to c otton markets and policies 
contained in the most recent T rade Policy Review (TPR)  reports.2 
1.2.  The Secretariat searched  the most recent  TPR reports available by Governments  and by  the 
WTO Secretariat for the 32 Members identified in paragraphs 12 and 13 of this paper . Information 
that met the following  two criteria has been  included in this Annex:  (1) information relevant to 
cotton markets and policies ; and (2) information not presented elsewhere in th is background 
paper . 
1.3.  No relevant information was foun d for the following fourteen  Members :3 Bahrain, Kingdom of 
(April  2014); Canada (June 2015);  Hong Kong, China (November 2014) ; Iceland ( October  2017); 
Japan ( March 2017 ); Kenya (November 2012)4; Kore a, Republic of (October  2016); Malaysia 
(March 2014); Mexico (April 2017);  New Zealand (Ju ly 2015 ); Russian Federation (September 
2016) ; Norway (October 2012); Switzerland ( May 2017 ) and Chinese  Taipei (September 2014) .5 
1.4.  For the remaining  18 Members, the relevant i nformation found is presented below by 
Member. The date of the most recent TPR report available, as well as the type of report and the 
document symbol for the report , are indicated next to  each Member. Except for Bangladesh and 
the United States , no relevant information was found in  the most  recent Government reports 
available for these 18 Members .  
1.5.  Information is listed along with the headings of the chapters from which it is extracted , and 
"…" represents information left out from a table, a paragraph or a chapter.  
1.6.  Information not directly l inked to cotton markets and policies but which provides context for 
understanding the above -mentioned information may have also been included  based on the 
Secretariat's own judgement and is without prejudice to information excluded from this Annex.  
                                                
1 The purpose of the Trade Policy Review Mechanism ("TPRM") is to contribute to improved adherence 
by all Members to rules, disciplines and commitments made under the Multilateral Trade Agreements and, 
where applicable, the Plurilateral Trade Agreements, and hence to the smoother functioning of the multilateral 
trading system, by achieving greater transparency in, and understanding of, the trade policies and practices of 
Members. Accordingly, the review mechanism enables the regular collective appreciation and evaluation of the 
full range of individual Members' trade policies and practices and their impact on the functioning of the 
multilateral trading sys tem. It is not, however, intended to serve as a basis for the enforcement of specific 
obligations under the Agreements or for dispute settlement procedures, or to impose new policy commitments 
on Members  (Annex 3 (A)(i) of the Marrakesh Agreement) . 
2 Parag raph 13 of the Chairperson's report of the second dedicated d iscussion of the relevant 
trade -related developments for cotton (TN/AG/29  and TN/AG/SCC/3 ). 
3 The date in brackets is that of the most recent TPR report available.  
4 Joint Trade Policy Review of the East African Community (EAC).  
5 The Secretariat report for the 2014 TPR (WT/TPR/S/302) is being revised therefore the report from the 
previous TPR (July 2010) was used and no relevant information was found.   TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 113 - 
 
  AUSTR ALIA (MARCH 2015) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/312 /REV.1 ) 
"4. TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.2 Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries  
4.2.2 Main policy developments  
4.2.2.2 Domestic support measures  
 
Under its Carbon Farming Futures Program (2011 -2017), Australia has implemented a Filling the 
Research Gap, Action on the Ground, Extension and Outreach Program, and related offset 
incentives.6 
 
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1. 1 Merchandise exports, by product groups, 2010 -13 
  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Total exports (US D billion)  212.5  270.1  256.6  253.7  
Total exports (AUD  billion)  231.1  261.7  247.8  262.0  
 (% of total)  
Total primary products  77.3 79.8 79.0 80.4 
Agriculture  13.9 14.3 15.5 15.8 
… … … … … 
Agricultural raw material  2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 
2631  Cotton (other than linters), not carded or combed  0.5 1.0 1.1 1.0 
… … … …  … 
Source:  WTO Secretariat calculations, based on data provided by the Australian authorities in SITC four -digit 
classification.  
                                                
6 … Under the Action on the Ground funding programme, farmers and land managers undertake 
on-farm trials of abatement technologies, practices and management strategies to measure and demonstrate 
how they can reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions of methane and nitrous oxide or increase the 
sequestration of carbon in soil while maintaining or improving farm productivity. By March 2014, 89 multi -year 
grants worth up to AUD 44.29 million had received funding; these projects were trialling a diverse range of 
on-farm practices and management strat egies, on more than 530 properties across the country . By April 2013, 
24 projects valued at AUD 21.3 million were funded under the Extension and Outreach program supporting 
sector -specific projects, including the livestock, dairy, horticulture, cotton  and grains industries (Department of 
Agriculture online information. Viewed at: http://www.daff.gov.au/about/current -grants ; and Productivity 
Commission, 2013d).  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 114 - 
 
  BANGLADESH (OCTOBER 2012)  - GOVERNMENT REPORT (W T/TPR/G/270)  
"II. RECENT ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE  
Table 6. - Composition of Bangladesh' s import  
Commodity  2005 -06 2006 -07 2007 -08 2008 -09 2009 -10 2010 -11 
Total import (c.i.f.)  14,746  17,157  21,629  22,507  23,738  33,657  
Of which:         
… … … … … … … 
16. Raw cotton  5.0%  5.0%  5.6%  5.7%  6.1%  8.0%  
… … … … … … … 
Source:  Bangladesh Economic Review, 2012 . 
 
III. TRADE POLICY DEVELOPMENT  
 
Since 2011 the Government has imposed export tax on bricks, tobacco and cotton waste in order 
to discourage production of tobacco and bricks on health and environmental reasons and 
discourage export of cotton waste to safeguard interests of growing local industry. " 
 
Secretariat Report (WT/TPR/S/270/Rev.1)  
"III. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
 
(1)  Measures Directly Affecting Imports  
 
(iv)  Tariffs and other charges  
Table III.2  - Tariff structure, 2005/06 and 2011/12  
  MFN applied  SAFTA  
2005/06  2011/12  2011/12  
… … … … 
Memo:     
WTO agriculture  18.0 17.8 13.1 
… … … … 
Cotton  4.0 3.3 1.9 
… … … … 
Source:  WTO Secretariat calculations, based on data received by the Bangladeshi authorities.  
 
(2)  Measures Directly Affecting Exports  
 
(ii)  Export taxes, charges, and levies  
In 2010/11, export duties were applied to tobacco and tobacco products (10%), cott on waste 
(25%), and ceramic building bricks (25%) in order to discourage production of these products.  
According to the authorities, brick production is not environmentally friendly and tobacco 
production occupies land needed for essential crops.  Duty on t he export of cotton waste is 
intended to encourage the use of cotton waste in Bangladesh.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 115 - 
 
  IV. TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
 
(2)  Agriculture  
 
(b) Food security  
Table IV.4  - Developments in domestic support to agriculture, 2002 -07 
(USD million)  
 2002/03  2004/05  2006/07  
Total domestic support (I+II+III)     
… … … … 
II. Measures exempt from the reduction commitment - "Green Box"  
General services  52.4 95.5 75.1 
(i) Research and development of non -rice crops, (fruit, 
vegetables, spices) except sugar cane, jute, cotton, and tea  9.32 10.9 23.6 
… … … … 
(iv) Research and development of cotton  0.35 0.36 0.2 
… … … … 
Source:  Notification from Bangladesh, G/AG/N/BGD/3, 4 May 2011 covering FY2002/03, 20 04/05 
and 2006/07.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 116 - 
 
  BRAZIL (JULY 2017 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT (WT/TPR/S/ 358) 
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries  
4.1.4 Domestic support  
4.1.4.1 Agricultural/rural credit  
4.1.4.1.1 Minimum price guarantees  
 
During the review period, Brazil maintained unchanged its 1966 policy of guar anteed minimum 
prices (PGPM), an important pillar of its agricultural policy. The basic element of this policy 
remains the regionally -set minimum guaranteed prices which cover a broad range of crops from 
rice, wheat, maize, cotton, and soybeans, to regiona l crops like cassava, beans, açaí, guaraná, and 
sisal, as well as a few livestock products like cow and goat milk and honey (Table 4.6).7 On the 
basis of these minimum guaranteed prices, the government implements several price support 
mechanisms (Table  4.6), including direct government purchases (AGF); premiums to commercial 
buyers who pay minimum prices to supply producers (PEP, VEP); and public and private options 
contracts backed by private risk premium options (COV, PROP, PEPRO).  In addition to these 
programmes, producers receive various reduced -interest marketing loans which enable them to 
withhold the sale of a product in anticipation of a higher market price (FPPG, FEPM  and FEE 
below). The state -owned CONAB (Section 4.2.2) operates both the AGF set by  the MAPA Secretary 
of Agricultural Policy (SPA) for commercial and small -scale farms, and the equivalent programme 
set by the SEAD for small -scale agriculture (PAA, Section 4.2.4.3) as well as the minimum prices 
programme for family farms (PGPAF programme ). … 
Table 4.6 Price support programmes, 2014/2015 and 2015/ 2016 
Price support programme/description  Use/cost  
Policy of Guaranteed Minimum Prices (PGPM)   
Regulated by Decree No. 57,391 of 12 December 1965 and Decree -Law 
No. 79 of 19 December 1966. The PGPM fixes minimum guaranteed 
prices annually for some of Brazil's main crops. Prices are promulgated 
by the National Monetary Council (CMN) through Portarias . Portaria 
No. 854 of 20 August 2014 fixes minimum prices for a number of 
products for the 2014/15 summer harvest. When determining minimum 
prices, the CMN takes into account production costs in the different 
regions, as well as several factors affecting d omestic and international 
market prices. The PGPM is implemented through credit lines (EGF and 
LEC); and commercialization instruments (AGF, PEP, VEP, PEPRO, COV 
and PROP; see below).  Products benefited by PGPM in the 
2014/15 were cotton, corn, orange 
and edible beans.  
The only product benefited by PGPM 
in 2016 was wheat.  
… …. 
Premium for Product Outflow (PEP)   
The CONAB grants an equalization premium to wholesalers who agree 
to pay farmers a reference price. The premium is determined in public 
auctions and generally reflects the difference between the reference 
price and the market price. In addition to guarante eing minimum prices 
for producers, the PEP is used to shift the supply of agricultural 
products across regions, so as to avoid shortages and prevent the 
accumulation of stocks. In theory, all products included in the PGPM 
can participate in the PEP; howeve r, the programme has been used for 
only a few products so far, mainly cotton, corn, wheat, sisal, beans, 
rice, and wine.  The programme did not support any 
products in 2014/15 crop year. The 
programme supported only wheat 
in 2016 (47,791 tonnes, 
R$8.8  million). 
Agricultural Products' Sale Option Private Premium (PEPRO)   
This scheme offers producers and cooperatives the possibility to sell 
their product at a premium, equal to the difference between reference 
and market prices, fixed through an auction. In contrast to the PEP, 
premiums are paid directly to producers.  In the 2014/15 crop year, the 
programme supported only cotton 
(R$2.4  million and 905,278 tonnes), 
corn (R$256 million and 
5,803  million tonnes) and oranges 
(R$47.1  million and 
850,383  tonnes). I n 2016, the 
programme supported only wheat 
(404,886 tonnes, R$108  million)  
                                                
7 OECD (2016), Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2016 , 16 June. Viewed at: 
http://www.oecd -ilibrary.org/agriculture -and-food/agricultural -policy -monitoring -and-evaluation -
2016_agr_pol -2016-en; USTR (2 016), 2016 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers . Viewed 
at: https://ustr.gov/about -us/policy -offices/press -office/reports -and-publications/2016/2016 -national -trade -
estimate . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 117 - 
 
  With 9% and 8.7% inflation in 2015 and 2016 respectively (Table 1.2), regional minimum 
guaranteed prices were kept constant between 2014/15 and 2015/16 for basic and domestic 
wheat, cotton, Arabica coffee, maize, sorghum, jute, rubber and cocoa.8 They were increased by 
about 7% for cassava, ... In 2016/17 minimum guaranteed prices were raised as follows: 9% for 
rice; 18% for cotton…  
 
Table 4.7 - PGPM operations, 2013 -16 
(R$ mi llion) 
  2013  2014  2015  2016  
Disbursement (purchase)  
AGF Total 79 84 0 0 
… … … … … 
COV Total 1,395  0 0 0 
… … … … … 
PEP Total 0 0 0 9 
… … … … … 
PEPRO  Total 484 631 15 69 
Cotton  0 244 0 0 
… … … … … 
Total  1,958  715 15 78 
 
Table 4.8 - Budget allocated to family farming programmes and measures, harvest year 
2012/13  
Programme  Description  Budget  
…  … … 
Price Guarantee 
Programme for Family 
Farming (PGPAF)  An indexation of the credit taken out by family farmers under the 
PRONAF, through which the price is fixed when the credit is 
granted. Upon repayment of the PRONAF's credit, if the price of 
the product financed has decreased, the farmer benefits from a 
discount from the amount due, equivalent to the difference 
between the product's market pri ce and the price set in the 
programme's index. The limit for the PGPAF bonus per farmer is 
R$7,000 each year. The programme covers 49 products, including 
corn, cotton, rice, milk, and oranges.  R$90 million 
…  … … 
Total budget   R$35.3  billion  
 
…
                                                
8 OECD (2016), Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2016 , 16 June. Viewed at: 
http://www.oecd -ilibrary.org/agriculture -and-food/agricultural -policy -monitoring -and-evaluation -
2016_agr_pol -2016-en. TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 118 - 
 
  CHINA (JULY 2016 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/342 /REV.1)  
Summary  
… 
Government -set prices are currently applied to refined oil products, natural gas, certain medicines, 
and some services. Products classified as important central reserve materials (grain, cotton, sugar, 
filature silk, crude oil, processed oil, and chemical fertilizers) are no longer subject to government -
set prices….  
… 
 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.2 Measures Directly Affecting Exports  
3.2.3 Export prohibitions, restriction s, and licensing  
Table 3.11 Products subject to export quotas and licensing, 2015 -16 
Products  Type of management  Comment  
Goods subject to quota and 
licensing    
Rice, maize, wheat, cotton, coal  Export quota (licensing)  The quota is allocated by the NDRC and MOFCOM  
The licence is issued by MOFC OM 
… … … 
Source:  MOFCOM GACC Joint Announcement No. 76 of 2015. Viewed at: 
http://wms.mofcom.gov.cn/article/zcfb/g/201512/20151201225345.shtml  (in Chinese only); and 
information provided by the Chinese authorities.  
3.3 Measures Affecting Production and Trade  
3.3.5 State trading and state -owned enterprises  
3.3.5.1 State trading  
 
In 2015 China submitted a new and full notification regarding state trading enterprises to the 
WTO.9 The legislation regulating state trading has not changed since 2014, nor have the reasons 
for maintaining this practice or the products subject to it. Sta te trading remains in place to: ensure 
a stable supply and price of the products concerned; safeguard food security; and protect 
exhaustible and non -recyclable natural resources, and the environment.  
Imports subject to state trading administration compris e: grain (including wheat, maize, and rice), 
sugar, cotton, chemical fertilizers, tobacco, crude oil, and processed oil (Table  3.17). They can be 
imported (and  exported) only by authorized enterprises, in accordance with Article 11 of the 
Foreign Trade Law . ... Non -state trading enterprises that have obtained trading rights through 
registration may engage in the importation of part of the quota of products subject to tariff -rate 
quotas (grain, cotton, sugar, and certain chemical fertilizers), and of crude a nd processed oil. 
The NDRC (in the case of grains and cotton) and MOFCOM (for the other products) issue on a 
yearly basis the criteria for an enterprise to acquire trading rights for these products, the volumes 
they can import and the allocation method. No  information was provided on the quantities 
imported under state trading.10 
Table 3.17 Imports under state trading, 2013 -15 
Product  HS Code  Percentage of TRQ 
allocated to state -trading 
enterprises  
2013  2014  2015a 
… … … … … 
Cotton  5201.00.00; 5203.00.00  33 33 33 
… … … … … 
a Provisional.  
Source:  WTO documents G/STR/N/10/CHN -G/STR/N/15/CHN, 19 October 2015; and data provided by the 
authorities.  
                                                
9 WTO document s G/STR/N/10/CHN -G/STR/N/15/CHN, 19 October 2015 . 
10 WTO document s G/STR/N/10/CHN -G/STR/N/15/CHN, 19 October 2015 . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 119 - 
 
  Exports subject to state trading and the enterprises in charge of trading these products also 
remain unchanged since the last Review. In 2015, exports subject to state  trading were rice, 
maize, cotton, coal, crude and processed oil, tungsten ore and produc ts, antimony ore and 
products, silver and tobacco (Table 3.18) . According to the authorities, the volume of exports 
subject to state trading is determined taking into account market signals and so are export prices; 
there is no government intervention.11 According to the authorities, export allocation amongst 
state-trading enterprises is also based on market principles.  
Table 3.18 Export products subject to state -trading arrangements, 2014 -15 
Product  (HS code)  Enterprises  
… … 
Cotton   
5201.00.00; 5203.00.00  Chinatex Cotton Import & Export Corporation; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Cotton and Jute 
Import & Export Co; Xinjiang Yin Long International Agricultural Co. Ltd (since 2012); and China 
National Cotton Reserve Corporation.  
… … 
a MOFCOM online information. Viewed at: 
http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/b/c/200404/20040400210082.html .  
b State Council online information. Viewed at: 
http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2004/content_62767.htm . 
c China reserves the right to use state trading.  
d MOFCOM online information. Viewed at: 
http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/b/e/200411/20041100306546.shtml . 
Source:  Information provided by the Chinese authorities and WTO  documents 
WT/STR/N/10/CHN -WT/S TR/N/15/CHN, 19 O ctober 2015.  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.3 Policy instruments  
4.1.3.1 Border measures  
4.1.3.1.1 Measures affecting imports  
 
… 
 
… In-quota and out -of-quota rates have not changed; they are both ad valorem , with the 
exception of the out -of-quota rate for a type of cotton (HS 52.01.00.00). Out -of-quota imports of 
this type of cotton may be subject to a sliding duty that depends upon the price of cotton, but that 
cannot exceed 40% (i.e. the bound rate for cot ton). Under this system, China fixes a threshold 
price (RMB 15/kg in 2015). If the price of imports is equal to or higher than the threshold price a 
specific duty of RMB 0.57/kg is levied; if the import price is lower than the threshold price, an 
ad valore m rate based on the formula applies.12 Out-of-quota rates for other products are in most 
cases equal to bound rates.  
The NDRC is responsible for allocating TRQs for grains and cotton, and MOFCOM allocates the rest. 
Some products subject to TRQs (i.e. grains , cotton, sugar, and chemical fertilizers) are also 
subject to state trading. In these cases, part of the quota is allocated to state -trading enterprises 
and another part to other enterprises. Historically, the fill rate of TRQs has been low; however, this  
changed in 2013 and 2014 for products such as sugar, wool and cotton (Table 4.2).  
Table 4.2 Tariff rate quotas and their utilization, 2013 -14 
(Tonnes, unless otherwise indicated)  
Products  Out-of-quota 
rates (%)  In-quota rates 
(%) Tariff quota 
quantity  In-quota 
imports (2013)  In-quota 
imports (2014)  
… … … … … … 
Cotton (2 lines)  40 1 894,000  894,000  894,000  
Note:  Number of tariff lines in brackets refers to the 2015 tariff schedule.  
Source:  WTO document G/AG/N/CHN/30, 2 February 2016; and Ministry of Finance (2015), Customs Tariff of 
Imports and Export of the People's Republic of China , 2015.  
                                                
11 WTO documents G/STR/N/10/CHN -G/STR/N/15/CHN, 19 October 2015.  
12 The variable rate is calculated a ccording to  a formula, which may be viewed in: Ministry of 
Finance  (2015), Customs Tariff of Import and Export of the People 's Republic of China 2015  (The Legal Texts), 
Beijing, p. 442.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 120 - 
 
  4.1.3.2 Internal measures  
4.1.3.2.1 Support measures  
 
… 
 
…The Subsidy for Promoting Superior Strains and Seeds scheme introduced in  2002 to improve 
the quality of seeds and livestock covers: cotton, maize, rice and wheat throughout China, and 
soya beans, rapeseed, cotton, potatoes, highland barley and peanuts, in specific areas of the 
country….  
… 
 
4.1.3.2.2 Price controls and marketing   
 
… 
 
In 2014, China stopped its stockholding programme for cotton. This programme resulted in an 
increase in the domestic price of cotton paid to farmers to above international prices, and led 
farmers to sell most of their production to the State.13 As a result, state re serves increased to 
levels beyond annual domestic demand, which triggered a reform of the policy. The former system 
was replaced, on a pilot basis in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, by a mechanism that sets a 
target price for cotton; this price was RMB 19, 800 per tonne in 2014 (RMB 19,100 per tonne 
in 2015).14 Through the new mechanism, if the market price falls below the target price, the 
central government provides a subsidy to cotton farmers, the amount of which depends on the 
land farmed (which is given a weight of 60% in the calculation of the subsidy) and the amount of 
cotton sold for processing in the domestic market (a weight of 40%).15 In 2015, the cotton subsidy 
was extended to nine other provinces.16 However, it is not clear what form of subsidy appl ies in 
these provinces, it seems that a target price has also been established.17  
 
… 
                                                
13 Imports and exports of c otton are subject to state trad ing. 
14 Cotton Target Price Reform Pilot in Progress . Viewed at : 
http://www.sdpc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201404/t20140415_607179.html . 
15 The Interim Measures on Administration of Fund for Xinjiang Cotton Target Price Reform Pilot 
Subsidy. Viewed at:  
http://www.xjjh.gov.cn/zwgk/xzfxxgkml/czxx/cdxm/f59e4d28_2d31_4af8_8e fd_36930fff8166.htm . 
16 These are: Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Gansu, Anhui and Tianjin. 
Viewed at : http://www.cncotton.com/sy_59/gnmh_1388/rdxw/201511/t20151120_554754.html . 
17 Henan online information.  Viewed at: http://www.1633.com/policy/zhuanti/view -10680508 -1.html ; 
Hebei online information.  Viewed at:  http://www.tuliu.com/read -11746.html ; Hubei  online information. Viewed 
at: http://www.texindex.com.cn/Art icles/2015 -3-24/330704.html ; Hunan  online information. Viewed at : 
http://www.hn315.gov.cn/business/htmlfiles/hnzjj/s42/201510/32546.html ; Jiangsu online information. 
Viewed at: http://www.jscz.gov.cn/pub/jscz/xxgk/gkml/201505/t20150528_75680.html ; and Jiangxi  online 
information. Viewed at: 
http://www.jxdpc.gov.cn/departmentsite/jmc/tztg/gztz/201502/t20150205_115865.htm . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 121 - 
 
  COLOMBIA (JUNE 2012)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/265/REV.2)  
"III. TRADE POLICIES BY MEASURE  
(2) Measures Affecting Imports  
(v) Other charges on imports  
(a) Value added  tax (VAT)  
 
Table III.8  - Other VAT rates  
HS Code  Description  Rate 
Imports  National production  
.. … … … 
5201 Cotton fibre  10% 10% 
… … … … 
Source:  Tax Statute, Articles 468 -1, 471, 473 and 475.  
(4) Measures Affecting Production and Trade  
(iv) Incentives  
(d) Other support schemes  
 
Given the importance of the agricultural sector in Colombia, in addition to the credit programmes 
implemented by FINAGRO and the backing provided by the FAG, there are other programmes for 
supporting the sector in gene ral, as well as specific programmes.  Under the Agricultural Debt 
Relief Programme, small and medium -sized producers are offered assistance, for up to two years, 
with their interest payments, and the debt can also be restructured.18 The aid is granted by MAD R 
and provided by FINAGRO for each debt to be restructured, through the financial intermediary with 
which the producer contracted the debt.  Likewise, to protect the income of producers in the export 
sector from exchange rate fluctuations, the Government of fers assistance with foreign exchange 
hedging that covers between 60 and 80 % of the cost of the premium.  To protect crops against 
adverse weather conditions, the Government provides support for agricultural insurance that 
covers between 30 and 60 % of the value of the policy.  At present, only one insurer offers this type 
of product.  
Among the specific programmes two stand out, namely, those for cotton and rice.  The aim of the 
cotton price compensation programme or Guaranteed Minimum Price for Cotton  (PMG) is to protect 
the incomes of domestic farmers from international price fluctuations by making up the difference 
between the market price (New York Stock Exchange) and a guaranteed minimum price per tonne 
of fibre.  The PMG of the Interinstitutional C ommittee for Cotton Crop Competitiveness  (CICA) is 
established by taking into account the production costs per hectare for the previous five years and 
updating them using the producer price index.  The MADR announces the PMG before planting 
begins, and this  support is paid during the marketing period.  The support granted through the 
PMG increased from US D 18,091,000 in 2006 toUS D 25,592,000 in 2010.19 To prevent the fall in 
producer prices due to the surpluses that normally occur in the second half of each ye ar, the 
Government offers an incentive to store rice.  
… 
 
IV. TRADE POLICIES B Y SECTOR  
(2) Agriculture  
(ii) Domestic support and subsidies  
…. 
                                                
18 At present, for small producers in the first year the support corresponds to 100 % of the interest 
payment and in the second  year to 60 %. For medium -sized producers the support corresponds to 100 % of the 
interest payment in the first year and 40 % in the second (information provided by the authorities).  
19 Information provided by the authorities.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 122 - 
 
  Colombia makes use of price stabilization mechanisms in order to deal with fluctuations in world 
prices for certain  agricultural products.  The Price Stabilization Funds (FEPs), created by 
Law No. 101 of 1993, are intended to guarantee producers' incomes, regulate domestic 
production, and prevent price speculation, in addition to promoting agricultural exports.  Currentl y, 
there are FEPs for five products:  cotton;  sugar;  cocoa;  meat, milk and their by -products;  and palm 
kernel oil.20 The Funds operate by estimating a price for each product based, inter alia, on 
international prices in the relevant markets.  Depending on the  estimated price, producers or 
exporters make "transfers" to the Fund or are compensated by the Fund, according to the price 
difference.  The Funds act as a savings and insurance scheme.  
… 
 
In addition to the foregoing, there are three specific price stabil ization programmes:  support for 
cotton, rice and milk.  The equalization programme for cotton prices, or the minimum guaranteed 
price for cotton, is a policy introduced in 2001 and implemented during the period 2003/2004 to 
protect Colombian farmers' income s from fluctuations in international prices by offering 
compensation for the price differential between market prices (New York Exchange) and a 
minimum guaranteed price per tonne of lint. …  
 
… 
 
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADR) also implements other support 
programmes to enable the agricultural and fisheries sector to contend with climate problems or to 
renew plantations, inter alia, so as to encourage investment in higher value crops and exports, as 
well as other programmes specifica lly for small and medium -sized producers (Table IV.3).  
The Agriculture, Secure Income (AIS) Programme was implemented by MADR until 2010, when it 
was replaced by the Rural Development with Equity Programme (DRE).  Its objective was to make 
the national agricultural sector more competitive, protect the incomes of producers affected by the 
distortions caused by foreign markets, and lessen rural inequalities.  The Programme made use of a 
number of tools such as the Special Line of Credit (LEC)21, the Rural Ca pitalization Incentive  (ICR), 
the Technical Assistance Incentive (IAT) and the Public Irrigation and Drainage Assembly.  
… 
The LEC can be used to finance the sowing of crops with a short life cycle, for example:  rice, white 
and yellow maize, sorghum, barley , oats, beans, vetch, vegetables, fruit (except those benefiting 
from the ICR), soya beans, plantains, yucca, potatoes, sesame, cotton, tobacco, groundnuts and 
achira.  These lines of credit are at subsidized rates of interest:  the subsidy given by the Fund  for 
Financing the Agricultural Sector (FINAGRO) varies depending on the producer's volume and 
ranges from 5 to 7.5 %.22 FINAGRO states that at present there are no resources for this line.  
… 
 
                                                
20 The FEP for cotton , which is managed by the Colombian Cotton  Confederation (CONALGODON); the 
FEP for centrifugal sugars, molasses obtained by extracting or refining sugar, and sugar syrups, managed by 
the Colombian Sugar Cane Growers' Association (ASOCAÑA); the FEP for coco a, managed by the National 
Federation of Cocoa Growers (FEDECACAO); the FEP for promoting the export of meat, milk and their 
by-products, managed by the Colombian Cattle Breeders' Federation (FEDEGAN); and the FEP for palm kernel 
oil, palm oil and fraction s thereof, managed by the National Federation of Palm Oil Producers (FEDEPALMA).  
21 The terms for the LEC in the AIS   include a subsidized interest rate  (Fixed Term Deposit (DTF) rate  –
 2 percentage points), and a term of up to 15 years, including grace per iods of up to three y ears. The DTF  rate 
represents the average interest rate on 90 -day deposit certificates owned by Colombian banks. The term and 
the grace period are determined by the income and expenditure flows in the production activity that is the 
subject of the investment financed.  
22 Small -scale individual producers: DTF rate + 1 %; small associate producer: DTF rate; medium -sized 
individual producer: DTF rate + 2 %; medium -sized associate producer: DTF rate + 1 %; medium -sized or large 
producer incorpo rating small producers: DTF rate + 1 %. The DTF rate represents the average interest rate on 
90-day deposit certificates owned b y Colombian banks. See FINAGRO  (2012), Chapter V: Líneas especiales de 
crédito . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 123 - 
 
  APPENDIX TABLES  
I. ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT  
AI.2 Merchandise imports (c.i.f.) by product, 2005 -2011  
 
Table AI.2  Merchandise imports (c.i.f.) by product, 2005 -2011  
(USD million and %) 
Description  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
Total (US D million ) 21,204  26,162  32,897  39,669  32,898  40,683  54,675  
 (% of imports)  
Total primary products  15.6 16.3 16.5 18.6 17.0 18.2 19.3 
Agriculture  10.4 10.3 10.5 11.5 11.5 11.0 10.5 
… … … … … … … … 
Agricultural raw materials  1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 
2631 Cotton (other than linters), 
not carded or combed  0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 
… … … … … … … … 
Source : WTO Secretariat estimates based on data from the Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3) and the 
authorities.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 124 - 
 
  EGYPT (JULY 2005)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/150/REV.1)  
III. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
 
(3) MEASURES DIRECTLY AFFECTING EXPORTS  
 
(vii) Export promotion and marketing assistance  
 
… 
In October 2002, Egypt mandated a LE 200 million subsidy programme to encourage the use of 
local cotton by textiles mills and to compensate farmers for low world market prices.  The 
programme ended in 2003 and has not been reinstituted.  
… 
 
(4) MEASURES AFFECTING PRODUCTION AND TRADE  
(i) Incentives  
(ii) Competition policy and price controls  
(iii) Government procurement  
(iv) State -owned enterprises and privatization  
 
State -owned  enterprises play an important role in the import of petroleum products and some 
agricultural commodities, and cotton exports.  … Cotton and cotton products, such as yarn, fabrics, 
and garments, are largely exported by public companies.  
… 
 
IV. TRADE POLICI ES BY SECTOR  
(2) AGRICULTURE  
(i) Main features  
 
… 
… In terms of employment and export value, cotton is the most important crop in Egypt.  It is 
estimated that cotton production employs up to one million farm workers.  
Table IV.3  - Agricultural output, 1997 -03 
(Thousand tonnes)  
 1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  
… … … … … … … … 
Cotton lint  342 230 233 225 330 285 280 
… … … … … … … … 
Source:  FAO statistical database.  
 
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table AI.1  - Structure of exports, 1995 -03 
(USD million and %) 
  1995  2000  2001  2002  2003  
Total (US D million)  3,444.1  4,713.0  4,164.9  4,691.6  6,159.2  
 (%) 
Total primary products  59.7 58.8 60.3 55.1 61.5 
 Agriculture  16.0 13.0 15.2 17.0 15.3 
… … … … … …  
 2631 Cotton (other than linters), not carded 
or  combed  4.4 4.1 4.5 7.1 5.9 
… … … … … …  
Source : WTO Secretariat estimates, based on UNSD, Comtrade database SITC Rev.3 data.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 125 - 
 
  EUROPEAN UNION (JULY 2017 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/ 357) 
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.1 Trade  
4.1.2 Agricultural policies  
4.1.2.1 Domestic support  
4.1.2.1.1 Direct payments  
Voluntary coupled support  
… 
In addition to voluntary coupled support, the EU provides for payments for cotton in Greece, 
Spain, and Bulgaria ( Table 4.5).23 
Table 4.5 - Crop -specific payments for cotton  
 Area  
ha Fixed yield  
tonne/ha  Payment  
€/ha  
Bulgaria  3,342  1.2 2015: 584.88  
   2016 and onward: 649.45  
Greece  250,000  3.2 234.18  
Spain  48,000  3.5 362.15  
Source:  Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013, Article 58.  
                                                
23 Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013 also provides for  payments in Portugal but there is no production in 
Portugal, and no payments are made.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 126 - 
 
  INDIA (JUNE 2015)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/313 /REV.1 ) 
 
2 TRADE AND INVESTMENT REGIME  
2.2 Trade Policy Formulation and Objectives  
2.2.2 Trade policy goals  
 
… 
 
… During the period 3 July 2009 and 31 March 2013 export restrictions were placed on wheat flour 
and exports of cotton were subject to prior registration of contracts with DGFT. …  
… 
 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.1 Measures Directly Affecting Imports  
3.1.5 Other charges affecting imports  
 
Table  3.5 Summary analysis of India's import charges, 2014 -15 
   Effective applied rates 
(MFN)  Total duty rate, incl. 
extra chargesa 
No. of lines  Average 
(%) Range  
(%) Average 
(%) Range  
(%) 
Total  11,481  13.0 0-150 28.3 0-537.5  
HS 01 -24 1,609  37.7 0-150 46.2 0-537.5  
HS 25 -97 9,872  9.0 0-100 25.3 0-186.1  
By WTO definition       
Agricultural products  1,496  36.4 0-150 46.1 0-537.5  
… … … … … … 
Cotton  11 2.7 0-30 3.3 0-36.1 
… … … … … … 
Note:  Calculations exclude specific rates and include the ad valorem  part of alternate rates.  
Source:  WTO calculations, based on data provided by the Indian authorities; and Big's Easy Reference 
Customs Tariff, 2014 (35th edition).  
 
3.1.9 Import prohibitions, restrictions, and licensing  
3.1.9.3 Import surveillance  
 
India does not maintain any mechanism to monitor imports of items that are considered to be 
sensitive; such a mechanism  was discontinued  by April 2012.24  
 
3.2 Measures Directly Affecting Exports  
3.2.4 Export prohibitions, restrictions, and licensing  
3.2.4.2 Export licensing and quotas  
… 
 
On 8 December 2014, the previous requirement that exports of cotton and cotton yarn required an 
export authorization reg istration certificate (EARCs) issued by the DGFT was abolished.25  
… 
 
                                                
24 At the end of March 2012, there were 415 sensitive items (based on HS eight -digit classifications). 
These included milk and milk products, fruits and vegetables, puls es, poultry, tea and coffee, spices, food 
grains, edible oils, cotton  and silk, marble and granite, automobiles, parts and accessories of motor vehicles, 
products produced by small -scale industries, and other products (bamboos, cocoa, copra, and sugar).  
25 DGFT N otifications Nos.  102 and 103, 8 December 2014.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 127 - 
 
  4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.1 General policy framework  
4.1.1.3 Internal measures  
 
Table  4.3 Minimum support prices, 2010 -15 
(Rs per quintal)  
Minimum support prices (MSPs)  2010 -11 2014 -15 
… … … 
Cotton (medium staple)  2,500  3,750  
… … … 
Source:  Directorate of Economics and Statistics online information. Viewed at: 
http://eands.dacnet.nic.in/msp/MSPStatement(2014.29.10).pdf ; and information provided by the 
Indian authorities.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 128 - 
 
  INDONESIA (APRIL 201 3) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/278/REV.1)  
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.1 Measures directly affecting i mports  
3.1.6 Contingency measures  
3.1.6.2 Safeguard measures  
 
Table 3.10 Safeguard activity, 2007 -12  
Product  Investigation 
initiation  Investigation outcome  
… … … 
Cotton yarn (other than sewing 
thread)  25.06.2010  Imposition on 06.06.2011 of safeguard measures for 
three years:  Rp 40,687 per kg (06.06.2011 to 
05.06.2012);  Rp 38,144 per kg (06.06.2012 to 
05.06.2013);  and Rp 35,601 per kg (06.06.2013 to 
05.06.2014).  Certain tariff lines as well as 105 
developing countries are excluded from the safeguard 
measure  
Woven fabrics of cotton  25.06.2010  Imposition on 23.03.2011 of safeguard measures for 
three years:  Rp 116,800 per kg (23.03.2011 to 
22.03.2012); Rp 109,500 per kg (23.03.2012 to 
22.03.2013); and Rp 102,200 per kg (23.03.2013 to 
22.03.2014)  
… … … 
Source:  Notifications to the WTO Committee on Safeguards; and additional information provided by the 
authorities.  
 
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1.4  Merchandise imports by product group, 2007 -11 
(USD million and %)  
  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
Total imports (US D million)  74,473.4  129,244.1  96,829.2  135,663.3  177,435.6  
 (% of total)  
Total primary products  47.4 38.1 34.6 35.3 39.2 
 Agriculture  14.1 10.3 11.7 11.5 12.6 
 … … … … … … 
 Agricultural raw material  3.5 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.2 
 2631 Cotton (other than  
 linters), not carded or  
 combed  1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 
 … … … … … … 
Source:  UNSD Comtrade database, SITC Rev.3.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 129 - 
 
  MAURITIUS (OCTOBER 2 014)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/304/REV.1)  
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1. 3 Merchandise imports by product group, 2007 -13 
(USD million and %)  
 2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Total (US D million)  3,901  4,670  3,725  4,402  5,159  5,772  5,398  
(%) 
Total primary products  40.7 45.9 40.7 43.4 46.9 45.5 47.0 
Agriculture  21.3 23.5 23.9 23.1 24.2 23.5 24.2 
… … … … … … … … 
Agricultural raw material  2.5 2.6 2.4 2.2 3.0 2.0 2.2 
2631 Cotton (other than linters), not carded 
or combed  0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 
… … … … … … … … 
Source:  UNSD Comtrade database, SITC Rev.3.  
Table A3. 1 VAT-exempt supplies, 2013  
Item  
… 
Cotton of headings 52.01, 52.02 and 52.03  
… 
Source:  Value Added Tax Act 1998 (Consolidated Version with amendments to 1 September 2013), First 
Schedule. Viewed at: 
http://mra.gov.mu/download/VATAct_Proclamation_38_2013.pdfhttp://mra.gov.mu/download/VATA
ct_Proclamation_38_2013.pdf .  
  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 130 - 
 
  MORO CCO ( FEBRUARY 2016 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/329 ) 
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture and agro -industry  
4.1.1 Overview  
Table 4.2 Main imports of agricultural products, 2008 -2014  
(USD million)  
Products  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
Total imports  42,322  32,882  35,379  44,263  44,790  45,186  46,035  
Agriculture  5,191  3,809  4,197  5,797  5,773  5,042  5,811  
 % of total  12.3 11.6 11.9 13.1 12.9 11.2 12.6 
Main products         
… … … … … … … … 
HS 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed  76 49 71 123 79 71 73 
… … … … … … … … 
Note:  Agriculture by WTO definition.  
Source:  WTO Secretariat calculations based on data from the UNSD Comtrade database; statistics from the 
Moroccan Foreign Exchange Board for 2014.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 131 - 
 
  PAKISTAN (MARCH 2015 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT (WT/TPR/S/311 /REV.1 ) 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.3 Measures Directly Affecting Exports  
3.3.1 Registration, documentation, clearance, inspection, and minimum prices  
 
The Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP) under the Ministry of Commerce succeeded 
the Export Promotion Bureau (EPB) in 2006 and has pursued a more holistic strategy with respect 
to global trade development compared to its predecessor. …  
… 
 
Export contract registration with TDAP remains a requirement for export of cott on. …  
 
3.3.3 Export prohibitions, restrictions, and licensing  
3.3.3.2 Export licensing and restrictions  
 
Table 3.8 Exports subject to certain conditions  
 HS Code  Item/goods  Condition/procedure/formalities  
… … … … 
10 5201.0000  Cotton  
 (i) Export contract registration with TDAP and classification 
certificate issued by the Pakistan Cotton Standards Institute  
… … … … 
Source : Export Policy Order 2013, Ministry of Commerce.  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.2 Agriculture  
4.2.3 Key sub -sectors  
4.2.3.1 Crops  
Table 4.2 Area and production of important crops, 2009 -14  
(Area "000" hectares and production "000" tonnes)  
Crops  2009/10  2010/11  2011/12  2012/13  2013/14   
Area  
 
Production  
 
 
Area  
 
Production  
 
 
Area  
 
Production  
 
 
Area  
 
Production  
 
Area  
 
Production  
… … … … … … … … … … … 
Cottona 3,106  12,913  2,689  11,460  2,834.5  13,595.0  2,878.8  13,030.7  2,805.7  12,769.0  
… … … … … … … … … … … 
a Cotton production is in thousand bales (375 lbs per bale).  
Source:  Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.  
4.2.3.1.4 Cotton  
Pakistan is the fourth largest cotton producer in the world. Cotton is cultivated by around 
1.6 million farmers, mostly with smallholdings of less than five hectares. Yields have been largely 
stagnant for the last several years. Cotton is exported a s a raw material, but also provides an 
essential input to the domestic textiles industry.  
The Pakistan Central Cotton Committee (PCCC), a semi -autonomous body in the Ministry of Textile 
Industry has as an objective to improve the sector's productivity. Its annual budget of PRs  500 to 
600 million is funded by a cess payable by the mills. Support pric es for cotton were abandoned 
in 2008. Export contracts on cotton must be registered, with exports being subject to mandatory 
quality inspection and certificat ion.  
Exports of raw cotton  amounted to USD  217 million in 2013, whereas exports of cotton  yarn 
amounted to USD  2.2 billion. Pakistan also imports high -quality cotton, to blend with domestic 
cotton and to produce quality fabrics; imports amounted t o USD  757 million of raw cotton and TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 132 - 
 
  USD 151 million of cotton yarn in 2013. The average MFN tariff on cotton imports is 3.8%, with 
tariffs ranging from 1% to 10%.  
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1.2  Pakistan's merchandise imports by group of products, 2007 -13  
(USD billion and %)  
  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  
Total imports (US D billion)  32.59  42.33  31.58  37.54  43.58  43.81  43.78  
 (% of total)  
Total primary products  43.2 53.1 47.2 51.2 53.7 53.9 52.2 
Agriculture  13.9 16.8 15.6 17.9 16.9 14.9 14.5 
… … … … … … … … 
2631 Cotton (other than linters), not carded or 
 combed  2.7 2.8 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.3 1.7 
… … … … … … … … 
Source:  UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3).  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 133 - 
 
  PERU (NOVEMBER 2013)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/289/REV.1)  
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.1 Measures affecting imports  
3.1.7 Anti -dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures  
3.1.7.2 Safeguards  
 
… 
During the review period, Peru initiated only one investigation, in 2009, with a view to the 
application of a general safeguard measure to imp orts of cotton yarn (HS  5205 and 5206)26, 
although this ended without any measure being applied.27 
… 
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1.2 Merchandise imports by product, 2007 -2012  
(USD million and %)  
Description  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  
 (USD million)  
Total  20,368  29,953  21,814  30,030  37,747  42,157  
 (% of imports)  
Total primary products  31.7 30.8 27.6 27.4 28.7 26.8 
Agriculture  12.0 11.4 12.4 12.0 11.9 11.4 
… … … … … … … 
Agricultural raw materials  1.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 
2631 Cotton (other than linters), not carded 
or combed  0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.3 
… … … … … … … 
Source:  WTO Secretariat estimates based on data obtained from the Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3)  and 
the Peruvian authorities for 2012.  
 
                                                
26 WTO document  G/SG/N/6/PER/2 of 25  March  2009.  
27 WTO document  G/SG/N/9/PER/2 of 2  November  2009.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 134 - 
 
  SOUTH AFRICA (NOVEMB ER 2015 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT  (WT/TPR/S/324 /REV.1 )28 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.3 Measures affecting production and trade  
3.3.2 Competition policy and price controls  
3.3.2.2 Price control  
 
In general, prices in South Africa are market -determined. Guideline prices, for agricultural 
products subject to levies, continue to be determined under the Marketing of Agricultural Products 
Act (Act No. 47 of 1996), to ensure that the levy does not exceed 5% of the actual price. Guideline 
prices are determined for the wi ne industries, milk and dairy products, as well as cotton lint.  
… 
 
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.2 Policy  
 
… 
 
Levies continue to apply to the export and/or production of the following products: …, cotton, …  
 
                                                
28 Trade Policy Review of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 135 - 
 
  THAILAND (NOVE MBER 2015 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S /326 /REV.1 ) 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.4 Other Measures Affecting Production and Trade  
3.4.4 Competition policy and consumer protection  
3.4.4.2 Price controls  
 
… Its Central Commission on Prices of Goods and S ervices (CCP) in the DIT has the authority to 
set out: the goods and services subject to price controls; controls for their sale or purchase prices; 
and, procedures and conditions relating to the display of prices. …  
… The CCP Monitoring List remains divided into three categories (Table  3.7): the Sensitive goods 
and services whose prices are monitored daily because they are expected to increase in the near 
future; the Priority Watch goods and services that are monitored twice a week; and the Watch 
goods and services that are monitored twice a month. …  
Table 3.7 - Products and services subject to monitoring, April 2015  
List Products  
 Goods  
Sensitive  …  
Priority Watch  … 
Watch  … 82.  Absorbent cotton …161.  Cotton wool …  
 Services  
… … 
Source:  Department of Internal Trade online information. Viewed at: 
http://www.dit.go.th/en/backoffice/uploadfile/255610011351485115749.pdf  and 
http://www.dit.go.th/en/backoffice/uploadfile/255610011147057425749.pdf .  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.2 Agriculture and Food Processing  
4.2.2 Trade  
 
… 
 
In value terms, major imports are soya bean oil cakes, soya beans, food preparations and cotton 
(Table 4.4). The main sources of soya bean oil cakes and soya beans are Brazil, Argentina and the 
United States; of food preparations, the United States, Singap ore and China; and of cotton, the 
United States, Australia, Brazil, and Mali. …  
Table 4.4 - Imports of selected agricultural products, 2008 -14 
HS code    2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
… … … … … … … … … 
5201 - Cotton, not 
carded/combed  USD million  715.3  484.6  729.6  1,120.0  748.9  734.2  676.3  
'000 tonnes  435.9  349.7  383.7  319.2  305.8  344.9  322.3  
… … … … … … … … … 
Note:  WTO definition of agriculture used.  
Source:  UNSD Comtrade database.  
 TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 136 - 
 
  TURKEY ( MARCH 2016 ) - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/ 331) 
3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.1 Measures Directly Affecting Imports  
3.1.8 Contingency measures  
3.1.8.1 Anti -dumping and countervailing measures  
 
… 
…One anti -dumping investigation has been initiated ex officio with respect to the United Stat es on 
cotton.  … 
… 
Over the review period, there has been considerable anti -dumping activity. Since the beginning of 
2012, 25 new investigations have been initiated and 14 new measures have been imposed; many 
of these have affected more than one WTO Member (Table A3.2). Additionally, various existing 
anti-dumping measures have been extended (Table A3.3). Since 2012, a concern has been raised 
by the United States in a meeting of the Committee on Anti -Dumping Practices about Turkey's 
investigation on cotton.29 
Table A3. 2 - New anti -dumping investigations initiated and measures imposed or 
terminated, 2012 -15 
Products concerned  Exporter(s) affected  Status  
… … … 
Cotton (HS 5201)  United States  Initiation of investigation on 18  October 2014  
… … … 
Source:  WTO document WT/TPR/OV/W/9, 3 July 2015 and information provided by the authorities.  
3.1.8.2 Safeguard measures  
… 
Since the beginning of 2012, Turkey has launched five safeguard investigations. At mid -October 
2015, two of these were still ongoing, definitive s afeguard measures had been imposed on another 
two, and one investigation was completed with no definitive measure imposed. Existing safeguard 
measures were extended in eight cases; and of these, one expired in 2014 (footwear) and two 
expired in 2015 (match es and motorcycles) (Table A3.4). On 31  December 2012, ahead of 
schedule, Turkey terminated the safeguard measure on cotton yarn. …  
Over the review period, Turkey has responded to questions posed by India in the WTO  Committee 
on Safeguards regarding certai n aspects of determination of serious injury in the context of 
Turkey's notifications on polyethylene terephthalate and certain types of cotton yarn.30 … 
… 
                                                
29 WTO document G/ADP/M/48, 6 August 2015.  
30 WTO documents G/SG/Q2/TUR/6/Rev.1, 11 May 2012 and G/SG/Q2/TUR/6, 4 May 2012.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 137 - 
 
  Table A3. 4 - Safeguard investigations initiated and measures imposed or extended, 
2012 -15 
Date origin al investigation 
published in the Official 
Gazette  Product(s) subject to 
investigation  Imposition of safeguard 
measure  Extension of safeguard 
measure  
… … … … 
21.10.2008  Cotton yarn  
Turkey terminated this 
measure as of 31 December 
2012.  15/7/2008 -14/7/2011  
Application of variable duty 
with liberalization annually:  
1st period: 20% max. 
USD 1/kg-min. 
USD 0.35/kg;  
2nd period: 19% max. 
USD 0.95/kg -min. 
USD 0.33/kg;  
3rd period: 18% max. 
USD 0.90/kg -min 
USD 0.31/kg.  
Various developing 
countries  excluded.  15/7/2011 -14/7/2014  
Application of variable duty 
with liberalization annually:  
1st period: 10% max. 
USD 0.85/kg -min 
USD 0,29/kg;  
2nd period: 9% max. 
USD 0.80/kg -min 
USD 0.26/kg;  
3rd period: 8% max. 
USD 0.75/kg -min 
USD 0.23/kg.  
Various developing  
countries excluded.  
… … … … 
Source:  Turkey's notifications to the WTO Committee on Safeguards.  
3.1.9 Standards and other technical requirements  
3.1.9.4 Controls at the border  
… 
In 2011, Turkey started pilot implementation of a risk -based trade control system, TAREKS, to 
carry out safety checks on imported and exported goods on the basis of risk. Consequently, since 
January 2012, conformity assessment of certain imported goods (toys, medical devices, 
telecommunication products, personal protective equipm ent, batteries and accumulators, 
construction products, and shoes) and as of August 2012, transactions related to cotton controls 
have been taken under the scope of TAREKS. …  
TAREKS introduces a new risk assessment understanding and emphasizes the control of "risky" 
products while leaving behind the era of checking each product at each arrival at customs. TAREKS 
reduces bureaucratic procedures as well as the number of documents to be submitted during the 
control process and replaces the paper documentation.  It also contributes to effective traceability 
and market surveillance schemes.  
Quality checks for agricultural products are also part of the control process pursuant to 
Communique No. 2015/21 on Commercial Quality Controls on Certain Agricultural Produce  at 
Export and Import Stage. In accordance with the Communiqué No. 2012/25, cotton is also subject 
to commercial quality controls at export and import stages and in the domestic market as well. 
See Section 3.2.4.2 for details on the export quality control of agricultural products.  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.2 Production   
 
Hazelnuts are the largest earner for the fruit and nut category (Table 4.1).  
Table 4.1 - Major crop production, 2010 -14 
 Production value (TL million)  (% of total)  
2010  2011  2012  2013  2014 a 2010  2014a 
Crop production (total)  80,038  88,979  87,947  92,453  97,988  100.0  100.0  
          
…  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  
Raw materials used in textiles, of 
which:  2,642  4,883  2,758  2,941  3,467  3.3 3.5 
Cotton (raw)  2,642  4,883  2,758  2,941  3,467  3.3 3.5 
…  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  
a 2014 data is provisional.  
Sources:  Turkstat, Agricultural Structure (production, price, value) Publication; Turkstat, The Summary of Agricultural 
Statistics Publication.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 138 - 
 
  4.1.3 Trade  
4.1.3.1 Overview   
 
… 
 
Over the past five years, imports of raw materials and exports of processed goods have increased 
in parallel: as imports of cotton, wheat, and tobacco increased, exports of textiles, flour and 
confectionary, and tobacco products also increased. …  
… 
Table 4.3 - Exports of agricultural products, 2010 -14 
(USD million)  
  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
 Total exports  113,979  134,915  152,537  151,803  157,715  
 Total agriculture exports  11,899  14,350  15,105  16,707  17,635  
 of which       
… … … … … … … 
1512 Sunflower -seed, safflower or cotton -seed oil  103 341 418 496 790 
… … … … … … … 
Source:  UNSD Comtrade.  
… 
Table 4.4 - Imports of agricultural products, 2010 -14 
(USD million)  
  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  
 Total imports  185,541  240,839  236,544  251,661  242,224  
 Total agricultural imports  9,865  13,477  12,599  13,398  14,554  
 of which       
5201 Cotton, not carded or combed  1,720  1,850  1,275  1,681  1,750  
… … … … … … … 
1512 Sunflower, safflower or cotton -seed oil  274 629 988 919 1,201  
… … … … … … … 
Source:  UNSD Comtrade.  
The main source of imports also depends on the product: in 2014, the United States was the main 
supplier of cotton (HS 5201); … 
4.1.4 Support programmes   
Table 4.8 - Main measures of agricultural support, 2011 -14 
(TL million)  
 2011  2012  2013  2014  
Producer support estimate (PSE)  27,022.51  26,041.07  31,385.15  33,888.92  
… … … … … 
Deficiency payments:  2,434.49  2,736.55  2,639.91  2,689.09  
Cotton premium  792.27  1,123.69  1,037.21  1,075.23  
… … … … … 
Source:  OECD, PSE.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 139 - 
 
  5 APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A2. 1 - Turkey's Involvement in Dispute Settlement Cases, 1 January 
2012 -1 December 2015  
Subject  Respondent/  
complainant/  
appellant  Request for 
consultation 
received  Status  
(as at 30  October 
2014)  WTO 
document 
series  
Panels  
Turkey  as a respondent:  
Turkey – Safeguard Measures on 
Imports of Cotton Yarn (other than 
Sewing Thread)  Turkey/India  13-Feb-12 Consultations requested  WT/DS428  
… … … … … 
Source:  WTO Secretariat.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 140 - 
 
  UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (D ECEMBER 2016 ) 
 
SECRETARIAT REPORT (WT/TPR/S/350 /REV.1)  
2 TRADE AND INVESTMENT REGIME  
2.3 Trade Agreements and Arrangements  
2.3.2 Preferential agreements  
2.3.2.2 Unilateral preferences  
2.3.2.2.1 Generalized system of preference (GSP)  
Under the GSP programme, the United States grants duty-free treatment to certain products 
originating in least developed countries (LDCs) and eligible developing countries. …  
The GSP Subcommittee reviews and amends the list of goods eligible for GSP treatment annually 
on its own initiative or following pe titions. Only interested parties may submit petitions to modify 
the GSP product list.31 During the period under review, certain cotton, cotton products and travel 
and luggage goods made in LDCs32 have been added to the preferential list.33 … 
… 
 
3 TRADE POLICI ES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE  
3.1 Measures Directly Affecting Imports  
3.1.5 Other charges affecting imports  
3.1.5.1.4 Agriculture fees  
The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), part of the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture (USDA),  collects Agric ulture Quarantine Inspection (AQI) fees  which it shares with CBP 
under an agreed allocation. In addition, fees are collected for veterinary and laboratory services 
(Table 3.4).  
… 
Table 3.4  - Agricultural fees , applicable from 28 December 2015  
Fee Legal re ference  Reason  Amount of fee  
… … … … 
Cotton Imports 
Assessment  Cotton Research and 
Promotion Act of  1989 7 CFR 
1205 Cotton research, promotion, 
consumer information  Varies according to the 
product and HTS number  
… … … … 
Source:  CPB online information. Viewed at: 
http://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/userfee0407_3.pdf  and 
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/business -services/user_fees/aqi_user_fees ; and 
information provided by the authorities.  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.1 Agriculture  
4.1.1 Main features  
 
… 
                                                
31 An interested party is any party with a significant economic interest in the subject matter of the 
request, or any other party repres enting a significant economic interest that would be materially affected by 
the action requested, such as a domestic producer of a like or directly competitive article, a commercial 
importer or retailer of an article eligible for GSP or for which GSP eligi bility is requested, or a foreign 
government.  
32 AGOA beneficiaries are also accorded preferences for such travel and luggage goods.  
33 USTR online information, "Results of the 2014/2015 GSP Limited Product Review" and "Outcomes of 
the 2015/2016 GSP Annual R eview". Viewed at: https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/Results -of-the-2014-2015-
GSP-Limited -Product -Review.pdf , and https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/Outcomes -2015-2016-GSP-Annual -
Review.pdf . TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 141 - 
 
  Table 4.1 - Value of U.S. production, 2008 -15 
(US$ billion and %)  
 2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  % of totala 
Total  318.3  284.5  334.9  379.5  396.6  394.3  405.2  382.5b  
… … … … … … … … … … 
Cotton  3.0 3.8 7.3 7.0 6.3 5.2 5.1 3.9 1.0 
… … … … … … … … … … 
a Percentage of total for the year 2015, except for crops total (excl. horticulture) where the 
percentage is for the year 2014.  
b Provisional data.  
Source:  USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service Online.  
Viewed at: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/#A18C7854 -5C8F-360C-9973-AFC9D13A0EFA ; USDA 
National Agricultural Statistics Service online information, "Poultry - Production a nd Va lue", different 
bulletins.  
Viewed at: http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1130 ; 
and OECD  Stats, Agriculture Policy Indicators, 2016 Monitoring and Evaluation: Reference Tables.  
The United States exports significant portions of its agricultural production, particularly of 
soybeans, maize, wheat, cotton, and chicken. …  
 
Table 4.2 - U.S. and world production and trade of selected com modities, 
2008/09 -2015/16  
('000 tonnes, unless otherwise indicated)  
 Marketing 
year 2008/09  2009/10  2010/11  2011/12  2012/13  2013/14  2014/15  2015/16  
… 
Cotton (thousand 480 lb. bales)         
Production  United States  12,825  12,183  18,102  15,573  17,314  12,909  16,319  12,870  
% of world  11.8 11.8 15.4 12.2 14.0 10.7 13.7 13.3 
Exports  United States  13,261  12,037  14,376  11,714  13,026  10,530  11,246  9,500  
% of world  43.8 33.8 41.3 25.5 28.0 25.7 31.7 26.3 
… 
Source:  USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution database.  
Viewed at: http://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdQuery.aspx  
 
4.1.2 The 2014 Farm Act  
4.1.2 .1 Overview  
… 
Table 4.4 - The 2014 Farm Act, main programmes  
 Programme title  Essential elements  
Commodity 
programmes  
Producers with 
base acres 
choose between 
PLC or 
county -based 
ARC for each 
covered 
commodity or 
farm-based ARC 
for all covered 
commodities on 
the farm  … …  
Marketing Loan Program  Maintained  
 Coupled to current prices and production  
 Loan rates unchanged, except for potential downward 
adjustment of upland cotton loan rate  
Crop insurance  Federal Crop Insurance 
Program (permanently 
authorized)  Maintained; new subsidized insurance programmes:  
 Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO)  
 Stacked Income Protection Plan for producers of upland 
cotton (STAX)  
Export credit 
guarantees  Export Credit Guarantee 
Program (GSM -102) Maintained; amendments include:  
 Maximum tenor reduced to 24 months  
 Flexibility given to the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture to 
adapt the programme pursuant to the 2014 Memorandum 
of Understanding Related to the Cotton Dispute 
(WTO/DS267) between the United  States and Brazil  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 142 - 
 
   Programme title  Essential elements  
… … … 
Source:  WTO document WT/TPR/S/307/Rev.1, 13 March 2015; and information provided by the authorities.  
4.1.2.5 Crop Insurance  
 
… Today, the federal crop insurance programme allows participants to insure against losses on 
some 130 crops, including the five ma jor crops (maize, cotton, grain/sorghum, soybeans, and 
wheat), minor crops, and specialty crops (fruit, vegetables, nursery crops, and tree nuts). …  
 
… 
 
4.1.2.6 Cotton  
 
The 2014 Farm Act does not authorize historical acreage planted with upland cotton to be enrolled 
in PLC or ARC. Instead, a new Stacked Income Protection Plan (STAX) provides coverage for losses 
of up to 20% of the expected county revenue. STAX may be purchased on its own or in 
conjunction with other crop insurance (companion policy).34 Indemnities are triggered under STAX 
when area revenue falls below 90% of the expected level and may increase to cover a maximum 
of 30% of the expected revenue or the maximum loss level under the companion policy. In 
addition, the grower may increase (or decre ase) the effective coverage under STAX by choosing a 
multiplier (protection factor) that may range from 80% to 120%. The premium subsidy rate, i.e. 
the share paid by the Federal Government, is 80%. Nevertheless, cotton farmers have been 
reluctant to sign u p to STAX.  
Although upland cotton is excluded from the ARC and PLC, former upland cotton base became 
"generic acres" under the ARC and PLC programmes, and growers with generic acres have the 
option to plant those acres to other crops that are eligible for  ARC and PLC. Thus far, some 
2.2 million generic acres planted to covered commodities have received ARC and PLC payments 
totalling US$149.3 million (by 20 May 2016), primarily for peanuts (US$87.6 million), maize 
(US$39.8 million), and long grain rice (US$ 14 million).  
4.1.4 Levels of support  
 
… 
Table 4.8 - Total producer support estimate and single commodity transfer values for 
selected commodities, 2008 -15 
 2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015a 
Producer support estimate          
US$ million  29,954  31,535  30,774  32,684  35,993  29,020  43,572  38,785  
PSE as % gross farm receipts  8.6 10.1 8.6 8.0 8.5 6.9 10.0 9.4 
Single commodity transfers          
… … … … … … … … … 
Cotton          
 US$ million  1,313  252 339 813 591 529 908 836 
 SCT as % gross farm receipts  30.1 6.2 4.4 10.4 8.6 9.4 15.2 17.2 
… … … … … … … … … 
Source:  OECD Stats.  
Among the main commodities tracked by the OECD, the highest single commodity transfers (as a 
percentage of gross farm receipts) are provided to sugar, milk, and cotton. … 
 
… 
                                                
34 Examples of such policies are Yield Protection, Revenue Protection, Revenue Protection with the 
Harvest Price Exclusion, and any Area Risk Protection insurance policy.  TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 143 - 
 
  VIET NAM (SEPTEMBER 2013)  - SECRETARIAT REPORT ( WT/TPR/S/287/REV.1)  
4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR  
4.2 Agriculture  
4.2.2 Trade  
Table 4.2  - Exports  and imports of agricultural, 2005 -11 
HS 
2002    2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
… … … … … … … … … 
Imports  
 TOTAL (not including rubber)  2,404  2,850  4,066  5,819  5,757  7,849  10,052  
… … … … … … … … … … 
5201 Cotton, not carded or 
combed  '000 tonnes  106 176 202 291 295 349 320 
USD million  163 214 259 456 385 661 1,037  
… … … … … … … … … … 
Source: UNSD Comtrade.  
4.2.3 Policies  
4.2.3.2 Domestic policies  
 
… 
Product -specific plans set out objectives and general policies for some crops and other agricultural 
products….35 Similarly, the Cotton Development Master Plan for 2015 -20 sets targets for areas ( in 
this case, an increase in area planted) and states that assistance will be provided through low -
interest loans and improved infrastructure.36 
… 
APPENDIX TABLES  
Table A1.  2 - Merchandise imports by product group, 2007 -11 
(USD million and %)  
  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  
Total imports (US D million)  62,764.7  80,713.8  69,948.8  84,838.6  106,749.9  
 % of total  
Total primary products  27.5 29.0 25.5 26.5 28.3 
 Agriculture  9.4 9.8 10.8 12.1 12.4 
… … … … … … 
 2631 Cotton (other than linters), not 
carded or combed  0.4 0.6 0.5 0.8 1.0 
… … … … … … 
Source: UNSD Comtrade database, SITC Rev.3.  
                                                
35 USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (2012a).  
36 USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (2012 b). TN/AG/GEN/34/Rev.7 • TN/AG/SCC/GEN/13/Rev.7  
 
- 144 - 
 
  Table A3. 3 - Preferential tariff averages for selected product groups, 2013  
 No. of 
lines  MFN 
applied  ATIGAa AK 
FTAb AC 
FTAc AANZ 
FTAd AI 
FTAe AJ 
CEPAf VJ 
EPAg 
Description   (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 
Total  9,558  10.4 2.0 7.5 4.2 8.2 9.1 7.8 7.6 
HS 01 -24 1,594  17.4 2.8 10.5 4.7 13.5 15.5 14.3 14.5 
HS 25 -97 7,964  9.0 1.8 6.9 4.1 7.2 7.8 6.5 6.2 
By WTO category           
WTO Agriculture  1,298  17.4 3.4 10.4 5.4 12.6 15.1 13.8 14.0 
 …  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  … 
 Cotton  5 6.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 6.0 3.0 3.3 
 …  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  …  … 
a ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (Circular No. 161/2011/TT -BTC).  
b ASEAN -Korea Free Trade Agreement (Circular No. 163/2011/TT -BTC).  
c ASEAN -China Free Trade Agreement (Circular No. 162/2011/TT -BTC).  
d ASEAN -Australia New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (Circular No. 44/2012/TT -BTC).  
e ASEAN -India Free Trade Agreement (Circular No. 45/2012/TT -BTC).  
f ASEAN -Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (Circular No. 20/2012/TT -BTC).  
g Viet Nam-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (Circular No. 21/2012/TT -BTC).  
Source:  WTO Secretariat calculations, based on data from the Ministry of Fi nance, Circular 
No. 193/20 12/TT -BTC and Circular Nos. as in footnotes a ) to g). 
 
__________