Decorative high gloss enamel  paints  – 
Specification  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE: This is a draft proposal. It shall neither be used nor regarded as a Malawi Standard  ICS 87.040             DMS 282:2018  
        Third  edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
DRAFT PROPOSAL  
 
 
  ICS 87.040   DMS 282:2018  
      Third  edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Decorative high gloss enamel  paints  – 
Specification  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obtainable from the  
Malawi Bureau of Standards  
Moirs Road  
P O Box 946  
BLANTYRE  
 
         Tel: +265 1  870 488  
Fax: +265 1 8 70 756  
   E-mail: mbs@mbsmw.org  
Website: www.mbsmw.org  
 
Price based on 13 pages  
© Copyright reservedi 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS  
 
Content              Page 
 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  i 
Technical committee  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  i 
Notice  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... i 
Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 1 
Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  1 
Definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  2 
Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  2 
Packing and marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  6 
Sampling and compliance ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 6 
Methods of test  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  7 
Annex A (normative): Notes to purchasers ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 11 
Annex B (informative): Components of colour difference  ................................ ................................ ................  12 
Annex C (informative): Quality verification of undercoats for paints  ................................ ...............................  13 
 
 
FOREWORD  
 
This draft standard  was prepared by the Technical Committee MBS/TC 12 , Paints and varnishes . During the 
preparati on of this standard reference was made to the following South African National Standard : 
 
SANS 630: 2009 Edition 3.2 , Decorative high gloss enamel  paint s. 
 
Acknowledgement is hereby made for use of the standard . 
 
Annex A forms an integral part of this stan dard. Annexes B and C are for information only. This edition of the 
standar d cancels and rep laces the second edition (MS 282 :2013 ). Technical modification to thi s document 
has been done by  changing  the requirement s for hiding power (4.6) and deleting  the table containing  wet film 
thicknesses  (4.6). 
 
 
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE  
 
This draft standard was prepared by the MBS/TC 12, Technical Committee on Paints and varnishes , and the  
following companies, organizations and institutions were represented.  
 
 Malawi Polytechnic  
 Blantyre City Council  
 Chancellor college  
 Monolux paints  Limited  
 Rainbow Paints L imited  
 Kansai Plascon Limited  
 National Construction Industry Council (NCIC)  
 Malawi Building and Civil -Engineering Allied Traders Associatio n ( MABCATA)  
 Malaw i Bureau of Standards  
 Malawi Housing Corporation  
 Royale Chemicals Limited  
 Valmore Paints Limited  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTICE  
 
This standard shall be reviewed every five years  or earlier , whenever necessary,  in order  to keep abreast of 
progress. Comments are welcome and shall be considered when the standard is being reviewed . 1 
 
        DMS 282 :2018  
DRAFT PROPOSAL  
 
Decorative high gloss enamel  paint  – Specification   
 
 
1 SCOPE  
 
This draft standard specifies the requirements  and methods of sampling and test  for two grades of air -drying 
gloss enamel paints for use on  suitably primed and uncoated steel, wood, masonry, hard  board, compressed 
fibre board and  similar materials used in the construction and finishing of buildings.  
 
 
2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES  
 
The following  standard s contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute  provisions of this 
draft standard. All standards are subject to revision and , since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a 
reference to the latest edition of that standard,  parties to a greements based on this draft standard are 
encouraged t o take steps to ensure the use of the m ost recent editions of the standard s listed below. 
Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the Malawi Bureau 
of Standards.  
  
MS 274 , Paints and varnishes – Standard panels for testing ; 
MS 275,  Paints and var nishes – Comparison of contrast ratio (hiding power) of paints of the same type and 
colour ; 
MS 276 , Paints and varnishes – Measurement of specular gloss of non -metallic paint films at 20°, 60° and 
85°; 
MS 283 , Standard test method for low concentration of lead, cadmium, and cobalt in paint by  Atomic 
Absorption Spectroscopy;  
MS 722,  Labelling, p resentation and advertising of prepacked goods for the ultimate consumer ; 
MS 891, Paints and varnishes  – Visual comparison of the colour of paints ; 
MS 892, Paints and  varnishes – Examination and prep aration of samples for testing;  
MS 1007 , Paints and varnishes – Determination  of brush and roller properties;  
MS 1009 , Paints, varnishes and printing inks – Determination of fineness of grind;  
MS 1012 -4, Paints and varnishe s – Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings – Designation of intensity, 
quantity and size of common type of defects , Part 4: Designation  of degree of cracking . 
MS 1012 -5, Paints and varnishes – Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings – Designation of intensity, 
quantity and size of common type of defects, Part 5: Designation  of degree of fla king; 
MS 1012 -6, Paints and varnishes – Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings – Designation of intensity, 
quantity and size of common type of defects, Part 6: rating of degree of chal king by tape method ; 
MS 1014 -1, Paints and varnishes – Colorimetry, Part 1: Principles ; 
MS 101 4-2, Paints and varnishes – Colorimetry, Part 2: Colour measurement ; 
MS 1014 -3, Paints and varnishes – Colorimetry, Part 3: Calculatio n of colour differences ; 
MS 1016 -1, Paint s and varnishes – Drying tests,  Part 1: Determination of through -dry state and through -dry 
time; 
MS 1016 -3, Paint s and varnishes – Drying tests, Part 3: Surface -drying test using ballotini ; 
MS 1017, Method for calcu lation of small colour differences;  
MS 1018 , Paints and varnishes – Determination of viscosity by means of an efflux cup ; 
MS 1021 , Paints and varnishes – Bend test (cylindrical mandrel);  2 
 
 MS 1022, Paints and varnishes  – Exposure of coatings to artificial we athering  – Expos ure to fluorescent UV 
and water;  
MS 1023, Paints and varnishes – Determinat ion of resistance to cold water;  
MS 1026, Paints and varnishes – Artificial weathering  and exposure to artificial radiation – Exposure to 
filtered xenon -arc radiatio n; 
MS 1027, Paints and varnishes  – Determination of viscosity by means of a Stormer viscometer ; 
MS 1028 , Paints and varnishes  – Wet hiding power (brush -out method) ; 
MS 1040 , Determination of water  – Karl Fischer method (general method) ;  
MS 1045 , Paints an d varnishes  – Daylight 45º, 0º luminous directional reflectance of surface coatings and 
pigments;  
MS-ISO 9001, Qualit y management systems – Requirements ; and 
BS 6923, Method for calculation of small colour differences . 
 
 
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS  
 
For the p urposes of this draft standard , the following terms and definitions apply.  
 
3.1 
defective  
test sample  or a container of the enamel  that fails in one or more respects to comply with the relevant 
requirements of this standard  
 
3.2 
lot 
the quantity of ename l of the same grade and colour, in containers bearing the same batch identification, 
produced by one manufacturer, and submitted at any time for inspection and testing  
 
3.3 
reflectivity   
reflectance of a paint film of such thickness that a further increas e in thickness gives no further change in 
reflectance  
 
3.4 
standard atmosphere  
an enclosed atmosphere of 23 ± 2 °C temperature and (50 ± 5)  % relative humidity  
 
 
4 REQUIREMENTS  
 
4.1 Grades  
 
An enamel shall be one of the following grades, as required (s ee annex A):  
 
a) Grade  1: high hiding; and  
 
b) Grade  2: regular hiding.  
 
4.2 Condition in the container  
 
When the paint from a newly opened container is exam ined in accordance with MS 892 , it shall  be free from 
lumps, loose skins, extraneous matter and co lour separation. If any settlement is  observed, the paint shall be 
capable of being readily redispersed to a smooth homogenous state by  using a palette knife.  
 
 
 
 3 
 
  
4.3 Storage stability  
 
If stored in accordance with 7.3 and then examined in accordance wit h MS 892 , the paint shall show no 
livering and no hard or dry settlement. The paint shall be capable of easy and rapid  redispersion to a smooth 
homogeneous state. The paint shall not contain any skin.  
 
4.4 Application properties   
 
4.4.1 Brush application  
 
When applied to a steel panel, of size at least 300 mm x 300 mm, and tested in accordance with  MS 1007 , 
the unthinned paint shall brush without excessive drag. The paint shall join without  lapmarks after drying for 
5 min.  
 
The dry paint film shall be fre e from flotation, sag or ciss marks.  
 
4.4.2  Roller application  
 
When the paint is applied with a mohair roller, that complies with the requirements of MS 1007 , to a steel 
panel, of size at least 500 mm x 500 mm, and is tested  in accordance with MS 1007 , the unthinned paint 
shall roll without perceptible drag. The paint shall flow well, shall spread without  foaming and ribbing, and 
shall join without lapmarks after drying for 5 min.  The dry film shall have an even, level surface free from 
flotation or pinho les and from sag or ciss marks.  
 
The paint film shall have an even, level surface, free from flotation or pinholes, sag or ciss marks or  any 
other film defect.  
 
4.4.3  Reducibility with mineral turpentine  
 
When tested in accordance with 7.4.1, the paint sh all mix readily with the mineral turpentine  to a smooth 
homogenous state and shall show no incompatibility after the standing period or film  defects on panel with 
flowed -out paint.  
 
4.4.4  Spray application  
 
A paint that is recommended for spraying shall, w hen tested in accordance with 7.4.2, spray  without 
spattering and shall show no flotation and no tendency to sag, run or creep. The paint shall  show no 
tendency to produce an "orange peel" effect and the second coat shall join well with the  first coat afte r drying 
for 5 min.  
 
The dry paint film shall be an even, level film free from flotation or pinholes, sag or ciss marks,  orange peel 
or any other film defect.  
 
4.4.5  Recoating properties  
 
When the paint is o vercoated in accordance with 7.5, there shall be  no ciss marks or lifting of the  first coat.  
 
The hard dry time of the second coat shall not exceed 24 h and the 20° specular gloss of Grade 1  enamels 
shall be at least 75 and the gloss of Grade 2 enamels shall be at least 70.  
 
4.5 Drying time  
 
4.5.1 Surface-dry time  
 
When the paint is applied (see 7.2) with an adjustable film applicator to a glass panel (see 7.1.3 ) and is then 
tested in accordance with MS 1016 -3, the surface -dry time shall not exceed 4 h.   
 
 
 
 4 
 
 4.5.2 Hard -dry time  
 
When  the undercoat is applied (see 7.1.2) with an adjustable applicator blade to a glass panel (see 7.1.1.3) 
and is then tested in accordance with MS 1016 -1, using a plunger mass of 6. 75 kg, the hard -dry time shall 
not exceed 16 h.  
 
4.6 Hiding power  
 
When tes ted in accordance  with MS 1028 , grade 1 white paint shall have a wet hiding power of  10.7 m2/ℓ 
min, and grade 2 white paint shall have a wet hiding power of 8.2 m2/ℓ min. The wet  hiding power of paint of 
other colours shall be as agreed between the purchaser and supplier.   
 
4.7 Colour  
 
4.7.1 When the colour of the paint is compared visua lly in accordance with MS 891 , to a  standard agreed 
upon by the interested parties (see annex A), the colour difference rating shall not  exceed 1 unit.  
 
4.7.2 When the colour of the paint i s compared instr umentally in accordance with 7.6.2, to a standard 
agreed upon by interested parties (see annex A), the total colour difference DECMC (see note), deter mined in 
accordance with MS 1017 , shall be small enough that the a/b plot falls within  the ellipsoid for the standard 
that is defined by the semi -axis SL, SC and SH and has unit volume  tolerance.  
 
NOTE : – The notation 
CMCDE  as used here and in commercially available software corresponds to  the 
DE defined in  MS 1017 , with 
1cl
as chosen values.  
 
4.8 Reflectance of white enamel  
 
The reflectance RW of a white enamel d etermined in accordance with 7.7, shall be at least 85.   
 
4.9 20° Specular gloss  
 
4.9.1  Initial gloss  
 
When the enamel is test ed in accordance with 7.8, the 20 º specular gloss shall be at least 80,  after 24 h 
drying.  
 
4.9.2  Gloss retention  
 
When d etermined in accordance with 7.8, the 20 º specular gloss of a grade 1 paint shall be at  least 75 and 
the 20 º specular gloss of a grade 2 paint shall be at least 70, after 7 d ays aging.  
 
4.10 Flexibility   
 
When the pain t is tested in accordance with 7.9, the paint film shall not crack or flake or show loss  of 
adhesion.  
 
4.11 Resistance to cold water   
 
When the paint i s tested in accordance  with 7.10, the paint film shall show no blistering or wrinkling  
immediately after removal from the water. After a 24 h recovery the paint shall show no perceptible  film 
defects and the 20 º specular gloss shall be at least 60.  
 
4.12 Resistance to colour ch ange  
 
After 168 h of continuous artificial we athering in accordance with 7.11, the paint film shall not show  a colour 
change, equivalent to a lightness difference (ΔL*) of more than two units for all colours,  except yellow and 
orange, which may show a colour change equivalent to a lightness difference of  not more than 4 units.  
 
 
 
 5 
 
 4.13 Resistance to artificial we athering  
 
When tested for 400 h in accordance with 5.13, the paint shall show no chalking, checking or  cracking. The 
60º specular gloss shall not be lower than 50.  
4.13.1  When the colour of the paint is compared visually with the unexposed panel in accorda nce with  
MS 891, the colour difference rating shall not be mo re than the units specified in T able 2.  
 
Table 2 — Colour difference ratings permissible after artificial weathering  
 
1 2 3 
colour  Colour rating  
Grade 1  Grade 2  
All colours ex cept yellow, or ange, red  1 2 
Yellow, orange, red  2 3 
 
4.13.2  When the colour of the paint is compared ins trumentally in accordance with 7.6.2, to the  unexposed 
panel, the total colour difference DECMC, deter mined in accordance with MS 1017 , shall  be small enough that 
the a/b plot falls within the ellipsoid for the standard that is defined by the  semi -axis SL, SC and SH and has 
unit volume tolerance of 2 for all colours except yellow, orange and  red, and has unit volume tolerance of      
3 for yellow, orange and red.  
 
4.14 Yellowing of white paint  
 
4.14.1 Yellowing upon exposure to artificial weathering  
 
When tested in accordance with 7.13.1, white paint shall show no difference in yellow hue after  continuous 
exposure to artificial weathering for a period of 7 d ays. 
 
4.14.2 Yellowing upon exposure in the dark  
 
When tested in accordance with 7.14.2 , for the periods specified in table 3, white enamels shall  show no 
difference in yellow hue.  
 
Table 3 — Exposure periods to be used, for determination of yellowing  
 
1 2 3 
Grade  Exposure to total darkness  
(days)  Recovery period  
(days)  
1 14 7 
2 7 7 
 
4.15 Consistency  
 
When tested in accordance with MS 1027, the viscosity of the paint at 25  ºC shall be 70 – 80 KU . The paint 
shall be in such a condition that stirring readily produ ces a smooth uniform mixture of good brushing 
consistency.  
 
4.16 Fineness  of grind  
 
When determined in accordance with MS 1009, the fineness of grind reading of the paint shall not exceed    
5 µm. 
 
4.17 Water content   
 
When tested in accordance with MS 104 0, the paint shall contain no more than 0.5  % of water.  
 
4.18 Lead  content  
 
When tested in accordance with MS 283, enamel shall not contain lead.  
 6 
 
 5 PACKING AND MARKING  
 
5.1 Packing  
 
Enamel  shall be packed in clean, dry containers. The containers shall be strong enough to  withstand normal 
usage and shall be adequately sealed to prevent leakage and contamination of  the contents during normal 
transportation and handling.  
 
5.2 Marking  
 
Labeling and marking shall comply with MS 722 with at least the followi ng information shall clearly , legibly 
and indelibly  be marked on the side of each container, or a label securely fixed to each container.   
 
a) The manufacturer's name , or the brand name of the product , or both;  
b) The word " high gloss enamel "; 
c) The word s “grade 1, high hiding" or " grade 2, regular hiding", as applicable ;  
d) The colour ; 
e) The batch identification;  
f) Date  of manufacture;  
g) The direction s for use  and specify minimum waiting time before use ; 
h) The shelf life ; and  
i) VOC content as decla red by manufacturer.  
  
 
6 SAMPLING AND COMPLIANCE  
 
6.1 Sampling  
 
The following sampling procedure shall be applied in determining whether a lot complies with the relevant 
requirements of this standard. The samples so drawn shall be deemed to represent the lot. 
 
NOTE - A sample volume of at least 2 ℓ will be required for testing for compliance with this standard  
 
6.1.1  Samples for storage stability test  
 
After checking for compliance with clause 5, draw at random from the lot two containers each of capacity at 
least 1 ℓ or if the containers in the lo t have a capacity less than 1 ℓ, two containers of the greatest capacity.  
 
6.1.2  Sample for inspection and remaining tests  
 
From the lot draw at random one container  or if the containers in the lot have capacities less than 1 ℓ, enough 
containers to provide  a composite sample of volume at least 1 ℓ. After assessing the condition of the contents 
of the container(s) for compliance with the requirements for condition in the container ( 4.2), remove  any 
surface skin that  may be present,  thoroughly  stir or mix the c ontents of each container until  a completely 
homogeneous product is obtained and take from the container(s) a test sample of volume at least 1 ℓ. Use 
this sample for the remainder of the tests.  
 
6.2 Compliance  
 
The lot shall be deemed to comply with the req uirements of this standard if, upon inspection of the containers 
in the lot and upon testing the samples drawn in accordance with 6.1, no defective is found.  
 
NOTE  – Refer to annex B  regarding quality verification . 
 
 
 7 
 
 7 METHODS OF TEST  
 
7.1 Panels   
 
7.1.1 Steel panels , of size 70 mm x  150 mm  and of thickness 0.60 mm to 0.90 mm, and that have been 
solvent -cleaned in accordance with MS 274.  
 
7.1.2 Steel panels  for flexibility test , of size 70 mm ×  150 mm and of thickness 0. 50 mm that  have 
been solvent -cleane d in accordance with MS 274.  
 
7.1.3 Glass panels , of size 70 mm x  150 mm (unless otherwise specified), and that have been      
solvent -cleaned in accordance with MS 274.  
 
7.2 Application thickness  
 
Apply the enamel at a wet film thickness of 60 μm to 65 μm  per coat, unless otherwise specified.   
 
7.3 Storage stability  
 
Store a full closed 500 m ℓ container, undisturbed in an upright position, at a temperature  of 23  ± 2 °C, and 
examine after a period of 30 d ays and again after a period of 12 months.  
 
Use a pal ette knife to examine the paint for compliance with 4.3 after the relevant storage period.  
 
7.4 Application properties  
 
7.4.1 Reducibility with mineral turpentine  
 
7.4.1.1 As a thinner, use mineral turpentine that contains between 12 % and 18 % (by volum e) of aromatic 
solvent and that has a boiling range of 130  °C to 200 °C.  
 
7.4.1.2 Dilute four volumes of enamel  (at a temperature in the range 21  to 32 º C) with one volume of 
mineral turpentine , at the same temperatur e. Observe whether the paint mixes rea dily and easily  with the 
thinner (see 4.4.3 ). Almost fill a glass container with the diluted paint, stopper it well.  Leave  the reduced paint  
to stand at 23 ± 2 °C for  4 h.  
 
Examine the condition of the paint in the container. Flow the paint out on a glass  panel, and inspect  for 
defects in the film . 
 
7.4.2 Spray application  
 
Thin the paint in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions. If no thinning instructions  are given, 
thin the paint to spraying viscosity (15 s to 30 s, when determined wi th a Ford No. 4  viscosity c up, in 
accordance with MS 1018 ). Apply the paint to one half of a vertically placed  glass panel of size 100 mm x 
300 mm, using a conventional spray gun with an external mix nozzle  and air cap, and using an atomizing 
pressure of 3 50 kPa. Maintain a nozzle tip -to panel distance of  approximately 250 mm and a fan setting of an 
angle approximately 45°. Regulate the traverse speed of the  spray gun to obtain a wet film thickness of    
100 ± 10 μm after two complete passes.  
 
Spray the second half of the panel 5 min after spraying the first half.  
 
During spraying, examine the spray pattern for freedom from spattering. Leave panel to dry in a  vertical 
position. Examine the wet film and the dr y film for compliance with 4.4.4 .  
 
7.5 Recoating properties  
 
Brush apply two coats of paint ( 7.2) to a gla ss panel ( 7.1.3), allowing 16 h between coats. Examine  the panel 
immediately and after dry ing, for film defects (see 4.4.5 ). 
 
Determine the hard dry  time of the second coat, using MS 1016 -1 (see 4.4.5 ). 
 8 
 
 Determine the gl oss in accordance with MS 276 , 7 days after application of the second coat  (see 4.4.5 ). 
 
7.6 Colour  
 
7.6.1 Panel preparation  
 
Draw down a single paint film, using an applicator blade  with a gap clearance of 200 μm onto a  glass panel 
(7.1.3) and allow to dry for 24 h.  
 
7.6.2 Instrumental comparison  
 
Determine the colour coordinate values CIE L*, a* and b* of the test paint and of the standard  colour in 
accordance with MS 1014 -1 and MS 1014-2. 
 
Plot the ellipsoid of the standard colour describing a ΔE CMC of unit volume tolerance in accordance  with     
MS 1017 . Plot the values of a and b in the same plane (see 4.7). 
 
NOTE - When the semi -axis lengths in the formula for ΔE (see BS MS 1017 ) equals the calculated values for lSL, cSC and SH, the 
resulting ellipsoid describes a unit volume tolerance of 1.  
 
7.7 Reflectance  
 
Apply  (see 7.2) two or more coats of paint (to obtain complete obliteration) with an adjustable film applicator 
(see 7.2) to a glass panel ( 7.1.3 ), allowing 24 h between coats. Age for 48 h after application of the final 
coat. Determine the reflectance RW in accordance with MS 275  (see 4.8). 
 
7.8 20º specular gloss  
 
Apply one  coat of paint (see 7.2) with an adjustable film applicator to a glass panel ( 7.1.3 ) and  determine the 
gloss in accordance with MS 276 , 24 h after application and again after 7 d ays aging  (see 4.9). 
 
7.9 Flexibility  
 
7.9.1 Apparatus  
 
7.9.1.1 Cylindrical mandre l, as specified in MS 1021 , with mandrels of di ameter 4 mm.  
 
7.9.1.2 Magnifying mean s, capable of magnifying by 10 times.   
 
7.9.2 Procedure  
 
Apply one coat of paint (see 7.2) with an adjustable film ap plicator to a steel panel (see 7.1.2 ). Allow  the 
panel to dry for 48 h in a standard atmosphere and t hen ag e artificially for 24 h at 70  ± 2 °C.  Condition the 
panel at 23  ± 2 °C before tes ting in accordance with MS 1021 . 
 
Examine the paint film at the bend, using a magnification of 10 times (see 4.10). 
 
7.10 Resistance to cold water  
 
Apply one coat of pai nt (7.2) with an adjustable film applicator to a steel panel ( 7.1.1). Dry the panel  
horizontally and age the panels for 7 d ays in a standard atmosphere, before testing. Seal the back and  the 
edges of the panels as described in MS 1023 . 
 
Carry out th e test as described in MS 1023 , immersing the panel for 16 h. Inspect the panel  immediately 
after removal from the water and again 24 h after removal, for compliance with 4.11. 
 
7.11 Resistance to colour change  
 
7.11.1  Panel preparation  
 
Brush apply two coats or more (to obtain comple te obliteration) enamel (see 7.2) to three steel  panels 
(7.1.1), allowing 24 h aging between coats. Age for 7 d ays in a standard atmosphere before exposing.  9 
 
 7.11.2  Procedure  
 
Determine the resistance to artificial weathering of two of  the pan els in accordance with MS 1022 , using 
lamps of type 1 (commonly known as UVB 313 lamps) and method A (exposure including  condensation). 
Maintain the exposure for 168 h and inspect after this period.  
 
Determine the lightness difference, ΔL*, between  the exposed and the unexposed panels, in  accordance 
with all three par ts of MS 1014  (see 4.12). 
 
If suitable equipment to determine ΔL* is not available, us e the method as given in annex C . 
 
7.12 Resistance to artificial weathering  
 
7.12.1  Panel preparati on 
 
Brush apply two coats or more (to obtain complete obliteration) paint (see 7.2) to two steel panels  (see 
7.1.1). Allow 24 h aging between coats. Age the panels in a standard atmosphere for 7 d ays. 
 
7.12.2  Procedure  
 
Keep one test panel unexposed, in a standard atmosphere for the duration of the exposure.  
 
Determine the resistance to artificial weather ing in accordance with MS 1026 , using method 1  (relative 
spectral distribution similar to solar ultraviolet and visible radiation) and cycle A (continuous  run with a 
wetting time of 18 min and drying period of 102 min).  
 
Maintain the cyclic exposure for 400 h and inspect periodically.  
 
Remove the test specimen from the artificial weathering apparatus and condition for 2 h in a  standard 
atmosphere.  
 
7.12.3  Assessment  
 
7.12.3.1  Cracking, flaking and chalking  
 
Examine the panels for any defects and report their presence, if any, in accordance with the ratings  as 
described in MS 1012 -4, MS 1012 -5 and MS 1012 -6 respectively (see 4.13). 
 
7.12.3.2  Gloss  
 
Determine the 60 º gloss in accordance with MS 276  (see 4.13). 
 
7.12.3.3  Colour  
 
The paint film is compared with the similarly prepared unexposed panel, using the colour ratings  given in   
MS 891  to assess the colour difference (see 4.13). 
 
7.13  Yellowing of white paint  
 
7.13.1  Yellowing upon exposure to artificial weathering  
 
Prepare and exp ose a panel as described in 7.11. 
 
At the end of the exposure period, compare the panel with a 24 h old panel prepared from the same  batch of 
paint in a similar manner. Describ e any colour differences in accordance with MS 891 (see 4.14.1 ). 
 
7.13.2  Yellowing upon exposure in the dark  
 
Brush apply two or more coats of paint (to obtain  complete obliteration) (see 7.2) to a steel panel  (see 7.1.1). 
Allow 24 h between coats. Allow the panel to age for 24 h in a standard atmosphere  after application of the 
final coat.  10 
 
 Store the panel for the specified period in a cupboard that excludes all light, at a temperature  of                   
23 ± 2 °C. Do not open the cupboard during the t est. After dark storage, allow the panel to  recover for a 
period of 7 d ays, in an area of diffused daylight.  
 
At the end of the exposure, compare the exposed panel with an unexposed 24 h old panel prepared  in a 
similar manner of the same batch of paint and  describe any colour differences, in accordance  with MS 891  
(see 4.14.2 ). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 ANNEX A  
(Normative ) 
 
NOTES TO PURCHASERS  
 
The following requirement shall be specified in tender invitations and in each order or co ntract:  
 
a) The grade of enamel (see 4.1); and  
 
b) The colour (see 4.7). 
 
NOTE 1  – Colour differences may be specified in one or more of the following formats:  
 
a)  As an agreement between parties prior to delivery;  
b)  In categories outlined in MS 891; or  
c) As measurable colour differences in accordance with MS 1014 -1, MS 1014 -2 and MS 1014 -3. 
 
NOTE  2 – Apart from the colour, it is recommended that tender invitations and orders also include reference to acceptable colour 
differences.  12 
 
 ANNEX B 
(Informative ) 
 
QUALITY VERIFICATION OF HIGH GLOSS ENAMEL PAINTS  
 
When the purchaser requires ongoing quality verification of high gloss enamel paints produced to  this 
standard, it is suggested that, instead of concentrating solely on evaluation of the final product,  he also direct 
his attention to the manufacturer's quality system. In this connection , it should be  noted that MS -ISO 9001 
covers the provision of an integrated quality system.  
 
  13 
 
 ANNEX C 
(Informative ) 
 
ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF COLOUR CHANGE  
 
C.1 PROCEDURE  
 
Prep are the panels as described in 7.11.1 . 
 
Measure the reflectance of the pan els in accordance with MS 1045 , before exposure. Expose the  panels as 
described in 7.11.2 . 
 
Measure the reflectance again after exposure.  
 
C.2  CALCULATION  
 
Calcula te the lightness difference (ΔL*) from the following expression:  
 
ΔL* = K(Y 1½ – Y2½) 
 
Where 
 
ΔL* is the lightness difference;  
 
K is 10;  
 
Y1 is the reflectance of the paint before exposure, expressed in percentage; and  
 
Y2 is the reflectance of the paint af ter exposure, expressed in percentage.  
.  
ICS 87.040            DMS 282:2018 
      Third  edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE MALAWI BUREAU OF STANDARDS            CERTIFICATION MARK SCHEME  
The Malawi Bureau of Standards  (MBS)  is 
the standardizing body in Malawi under the  
aegis of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. 
Set up in 1972 by the Malawi Bureau of 
Standards Act (Cap: 51:02), the MBS  is a 
parastatal body whose activities aim at 
formulating and promoting the general 
adoption of standards relating to structures, 
commodi ties, materials, practices, operations 
and from time to time revise, alter and amend 
the same to incorporate advanced 
technology.  To bring the advantages of standardization 
within the reach of the common consumer , 
the MBS  operates a Certification Mark 
Sche me. Under this scheme, manufacturers 
who produce goods that conform to national 
standards are granted permits to use the 
MBS’  “Mark of Quality” dep icted below on 
their products. This Mark gives confidence to 
the consumer of the commodity’s reliability.