Reference number  
DRS 283-1: 2017  
© RSB 2017  
 
 
 RWANDA 
STANDARD  DRS 
283-1 
 
First edition  
2017 -mm-dd 
 
Specification for glass cleaner  
Part 1: 
Liquid -based  glass cleaner  
  DRS 283-1: 2017  
©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved                  ii 
 In order to match with technological development and to keep continuous progress in industries, 
standards are subject to periodic review. Users shall ascertain that they are in possession of the latest 
edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
© RSB 2017  
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized 
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without 
prior written permission from R SB. 
Requests for permission to reprodu ce this document should be addressed to : 
Rwanda Standards  Board  
P.O Box 7099 Kigali -Rwanda  
KK 15 Rd, 49  
Tel. +250 252 586103/ 582945  
Toll Free: 3250  
E-mail: info@rsb.gov.rw  
Website: www.rsb.gov.rw  DRS 283-1: 2017  
iii                ©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved  
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  1 
4 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  2 
4.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
4.2 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
5 Packing and marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  3 
5.1 Packing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  3 
5.2 Marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  3 
6 Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  3 
Annex  A (normative)  Methods of test for based -liquid glass cleaner  ................................ .........................  4 
A.1 Quality of reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  4 
A.2 Test for cleaning efficiency  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  4 
A.3 Test for corrosion or discolouration  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 4 
A.4 Determination of water content  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  4 
A.5 Determination  of non -volatile matter  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 9 
A.6 Determination of pH value  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  9 
A.7 Determination of pH value  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  9 
A.7.1  General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  9 
A.8 Determination of specific gravity  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 10 
A.8.1  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
A.8.2  Proced ure ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
A.8.3  Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  10 
 DRS 283-1: 2017  
©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved                  iv 
 Foreword  
Rwanda Standard s are prepared  by Technical Committees and approved by R wanda Standards Board (RSB) 
Board  of Directors in  accordance with the procedures of RSB, in compliance with Annex 3 of the WTO/TBT 
agreement on the preparation, adoption and application of standards.  
The main task of technical committees is to prepare national standards.  Final Draft Rwanda S tandards 
adopted by Technical committ ees are ratifie d by me mbers of RSB Board of Director s for publication and 
gazettment as Rwanda Standards.  
DRS 283-1 was prepared by Technical Committee RSB/TC 011, Cosmetics, Toiletries and Surface Active 
Agents.  
In the preparation of this standard, reference was made to  the following standard s: 
1) KS 1455 -1, Specification for glass cleaner , Part 1 . Liquid glass cleaner  
2) BIS IS 8540, Glass Cleaner, Liquid  
3) KS 820, Methods of test for waxes and polishes  
The assistance de rived from the above source is hereby acknowledged with thanks.  
Committee membership  
The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee on Cosmetics, toiletries and 
surface active agents (RSB/TC 011) in the preparation of this standard.  
Alyvo Rwanda Ltd  
Ameki Color Ltd  
Better Home Ltd  
Eden Business Center Ltd  
Health Care Pharmacy  
Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Education of Kibungo  (INATEK ) 
Leo-Sawa Ltd  
Ministry of Health  DRS 283-1: 2017  
v                ©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved  
 National Industrial Research and Development Agency (NIRDA)  
Private Sector Federation/Beauty Makers Association  (PSF/BMA)  
Rwanda Biomedical Center (RBC)  
Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA)  
Rwanda National Police (RNP)  
Rwanda Plastic Industry (RPI)  
SULFO Rwanda Industries Ltd  
The City of Kigali  
Trust Industries Ltd  
University of Rwanda (UR) — College of E ducation (CE)  
University of Rwanda (UR) — College of Science and Technology (CST)  
Rwanda  Standards Board  (RSB) – Secretariat  
  DRS 283-1: 2017  
©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved                  vi 
 Introduction  
Cleaning glass  can be a bit difficult. It is very easy to get streaks and smears. A dedicated glass  cleaner will 
help a lot. But even with the proper product it depends on how it is used . 
There are several types of glass  cleaners, and among others:  
a) cleaning agents -based liquids;  
b) IPA-based liquids ; 
c) foam in a spray can ; 
d) paste; and  
e) wipes. 
Most of them require a slightly different way of use.  
 DRS 283-1: 2017  
1                ©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved  
 Specification for glass cleaner  — Part 1: Liquid -based glass cleaner  
1 Scope  
This Draft Rwanda  Standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of test for liquid -based  glass 
cleaner.  
2 Normative references  
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of  their content constitutes 
requirements of this document.  For dated references, only the edition  cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
ASTM E2346/E2346M - 15. Standard guide for sensory evaluation of household hard surface -cleaning 
products with emphasis on spray triggers .  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard, the follow ing terms and definitions apply . 
3.1 
liquid -based  glass cleaner  
glass cleaner based on the same recipe that makes soap, only altered to work better on glass . The (ofte n 
water based) formulation contains surfactants , emulsifiers and a carrier (which is often water)  
3.2 
glass cleaner  
specific formula of cleaning  fluid for glass surfaces  
3.3 
cleaner  
product, either liquid or paste, used for  cleaning floor, shoes, automobiles, hard surfaces  and porcelain 
articles . In shoe care products,  cleaner also stands as renovation  
3.4 
colour  
aspect of the appearance of objects which  depends upon the spectral composition of the  light reaching the 
retina of the eye and upon its  temporal and spatial distribution  DRS 283-1: 2017  
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 4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1  The cleaner m ay contain synthetic detergent colouring agent, water, monohydric and polyhydric 
alcohols and their derivatives, ammonia, amine and perfumes.  
4.1.2 The liquid glass cleaner shall not contain suspension of solid matter and shall acquire homogeneity on 
gentl e shaking.  
4.1.3 Odour  – the cleaner shall not have any disagreeable odour.  
4.1.4 Colour  – the cleaner shall be tinted in suitable colour.  It shall not stain to glass surfaces.  
4.1.5 Toxicity  – the cleaner shall have no injurious effect on the personnel when used for its intended 
purpose  and shall be free from toxic ingredients . 
4.1.6 Stability  – It shall be stable in normal conditions of storage and handling.  
4.1.7 Application and performance  – The product shall be capable of smooth, uniform and easy 
application.  
4.1.7.1 The product shall be applied to the glass surface by means of a pad of soft cloth and rubber 
gently with circular motion of hand.  
4.1.7.2 The product shall be easily removable within 3 to 4 minutes of its application . At the same time , it shall 
not present any difficulty in removal if the film is left a longer period.  
4.1.7.3 When the product is properly applied to glass surface and polished, it shall leave the surface free 
from dust, grime and ordinary soil material and shall produce an appearance equal to that produced by an 
approved sample when tested as described in A .2. 
4.1.8 Storage  – The glass  cleaner shall not show any setting and shall be easily dispensable on shaking. It 
shall also retain the properties specified in this standard for two years from the date of manufacture when 
stored in its original containers under normal conditions.  
4.2 Specific requirements  
The product shall also comply with the requirements given in Table 1 when tested according the methods 
given therein.  
  DRS 283-1: 2017  
3                ©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved  
 Table 1  — Requirements for glass cleaner, liquid  
S/N Parameters  Requirements  Test method  
1.  Water content, percent by mass, Max  88 A.4 
2.  Non-volatile matters content , per cent  
by mass, max  1.0 A.5 
3.  pH 6.5 – 10.0 A.6 
4.  Flash point  0C, min  27.0 A.7 
5.  Specific gravity at 60°C, g/cc  0.9854  A.8 
5 Packing and marking  
5.1 Packing  
The liquid glass cleaner shall be packed in suitable containers. No product shall be so packed that it shall act 
on the container or be acted upon.  
5.2 Marking  
The containers shall be marked with the following information:  
a) manufacturer’s name,  address and trade mark, if any;  
b) net content of the product when packed;  
c) name of the product;  
d) directions for use; and  
e) date of manufacture.  
6 Sampling  
Samples shall be collected from the market, place of manufacture, or anywhere else and tested as per this 
standard.  DRS 283-1: 2017  
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 Annex  A 
(normative)  
 
Methods of test for based -liquid glass  cleaner  
A.1 Quality of reagents  
Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water  shall be used in tests.  
NOTE  Pure chemicals’ shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities which affect the results of analysis.  
A.2 Test for cleaning efficiency  
A.2.1 Procedure - To test the cleaning and polishing property of the  glass cleaner, it is recommended that 
both sides of the glass panel should  be suitably prepared for application of the cleaner.  
A.2.2 Take two panels of clear, plate glass 150 x 75 x 1,5 mm. Dust them with pulverized clay until a thin 
uniform coating is obtained. Spray a mist coat of water -on each pan el to wet the clay and allow to dry for 6 
hours. Apply a similar coat of clay on the other side of the glass panels. Further apply a mist co at of carbon 
tetrachloride containing 10 percent mineral oil on both sides of the panels. Allow the panels to air dry for 24 
hours. To one panel, apply the sample by spreading over the surface with a rag and immediately wipe off and 
polish with a clean clo th. Similarly treat the other side of the panel. Using the same conditions of test, clean 
the other panel with the approved sample and compare the two panels for cleaning properties. The efficiency 
of the sample shall not be inferior to that of the approve d sample.  
A.3 Test for corrosion or discolouration  
Procedure - Place approximately 3 ml of the cleaner on a cleaned, grease free surface of 75 x 50 x 1 mm 
aluminium panel and cover with a watch on a panel glass. At the end of 6 hours, remove the watch glass, 
rinse panel with distilled water and air dry at room temperature. Inspect the panel for any attack or 
discoloration.  
A.4 Determination of water content  
A.4.1 Outline of the Method - The material is heated under reflux with an organic solvent which is 
immiscible with water. The carrier liquid distils into a graduated receiver carrying with it water which then 
separates to form the lower layer, the excess carrier liquid overflowing from  the trap and returning to the still. 
A.4.2 Apparatus - The Dean and Stark apparatus used for determination of water content has the following 
essential features.  
A.4.3 Flask of 500 ml capacity, as shown in Fig. 1, and made of hard resistance glass, well a nnealed and as 
free as possible from striaeand similar defects. Alternatively, a metal flask may be used.  DRS 283-1: 2017  
5                ©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved  
 A.4.4 Condenser - made of Lard resistance glass, well annealed and as free as possible from striae and 
similar defects, with shape and dimensions as s hown in Fig. 2.  
A.4.5 Spray Tube - made of glass, sealed at one end, having four small holes equidistantly placed around 
the wall near the closed end of the tube, with the shape and dimensions as shown in Fig. 2.  
A.4.6 Two-Milliliter Receiver - made of hard resistance glass, well annealed and as free as possible from 
striae and similar defects, provided with ground glass joints, and of shape and dimensions given in Fig. 3. It 
consists essentially of the upper chamber together with the tube and gr ound joint leading to the flask and the 
graduated tube. When a metal  flask is used, care shall be taken to provide an air -tight connection between the 
flask and the receiver. The graduated portion shall have a capacity of 2 ml at 20°C when filled to the hi ghest 
graduation mark.  
A.4.7 The scale shall cover the range of 0.1 m L to 2 m L and shall  be divided into intervals of 0. 05 m L. The 
graduation marks corresponding to 0.5 m L, 1.0 m L, 1.5 m L and 2.0 ml shall be numbered. The numbered 
graduation marks shall be  carried completely round the tube. The graduation marks corresponding to 0.15 m L, 
0.25 m L, 0.35 m L and so on up to and including 1.95 m L, shall be carried half way round the tube. The 
remaining graduation marks shall be intermediate in length and shall pr oject equally at each end beyond the 
shortest graduation marks.The error at any point on the scale shall not exceed i 0’03 ml and the difference 
between the errors at any points shall not exceed 0.03 m L. 
 
 DRS 283-1: 2017  
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Fig.1 D ean and S tark assembly (with 10-ml receiver)  
 
 
DRS 283-1: 2017  
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All dimensions in millimeters.  
Fig 2 C ondenser and Spray tube ( dean and stark apparatus ) 
 
DRS 283-1: 2017  
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All dimensions in millimeters  
Fig 3  - 2-mL receiver (Dean and stark apparatus)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
DRS 283-1: 2017  
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 A.4.8 Graduated cylinder - 100 m L. 
A.4.9 Procedure - Weigh 100 g of the material in the flask, add 100 m L of dry petroleum hydrocarbon 
solvent ( boiling point 75 to 85°C ) and 1 m L of dry ethyl acetate , or amyl acetate and thoroughly mix the 
contents of the flask. Pour petroleum hydrocarbon solvent into the receiver u p to the level of the side tube. 
Attach the flask to the Dean and Stark condensing and collecting system and heat the flask at such a rate that 
the condensate falls from the end of the condenser at a rate of two to five drops per second. Continue the 
distillation until condensed water is no longer visible in any part of the apparatus except at the bottom of the 
graduated tube and until the volume of water collected remains constant. Remove the persistent ring of 
condensed water in the condenser tube, if any , by increasing the rate of distillation by a few drops per second. 
Wash droplets of water which adhere to the lower end of the condenser tube into the receiver with petroleum 
hydrocarbon solvent, using the spray tube.  
A.4.10 Note the number of milliliters  of water in the receiver at the temperature at which the sample was 
measured. Assuming the density of 1’000 g/m L for th e water collected in the receiver, calculate the 
percentage of water (by mass) in the material.  
A.5 Determination  of non -volatile matter  
Procedure - Weigh accurately a 50 g sample of the cleaner into a tared glass beaker and heat on a steam 
bath to dryness. Place the beaker in an oven at 100 to 10 5°C and dry to constant mass. ( If decomposition or 
discoloration of the solids occurs, carry out the drying  
in a vacuum oven at 45 to 50°C ) Report the mass of the residue as a percentage by mass of the cleaner.  
A.5.2 Calculation  
Non-volatile matter, percent by mass = [(B -C)/(A -C)]×100 
Where  
A = mass in g of the sample taken for test and beaker,  
B= mass in g of the beaker and solids after drying, and  
C = mass in g of the beaker.  
A.6 Determination of pH value  
Procedure - Determine the pH on the undiluted sample by a suitable p H meter using glass electrode.  
A.7 Determination of pH value  
A.7.1  General  
These methods determine the flash point of waxes, polishes and related materials.  
A.7.2  Procedures  
A.7.2.1  Method A  — Determine the flash point using the tag closed tester, but maintain the surface of the 
sample just below the thermometer bulb so that the latter indicates the temperature of the vapour.  DRS 283-1: 2017  
©RSB 2017 - All rights reserved                  10 
 A.7.2.2  Method B  — Determine the flash point by the Pensky -martens cl osed tester.  Obtain the material 
for the test by allowing a separate portion of the well -mixed sample to stand for at least 30 minutes and 
decanting the required amount of fluid.  
A.7.2.3  Method C — Dilute a sample of polish of sufficient size to yield at l east 60 mL of solvent with 
enough water to make the  whole slurry completely fluid.  Add concentrated HCI dropwise, with agitation, until 
separation from the remaining mixture occurs and wash twice with equal volumes of distilled water.  Carefully 
separate t he solvent from the water and test flash point using the tag -closed tester.  
A.8 Determination  of specific gravity  
A.8.1  Apparatus  
A.8.1.1 Specific gravity bottle, 25 mL capacity, with a well -fitting ground glass stopper with a capillary  
A.8.1.2 Water bath, maintaine d at 60 °C ± 1 °C  
A.8.2  Procedure  
A.8.2.1 Clean and dry the specific gravity bottle, and weigh it. Then fill it with water, insert the stopper and 
immerse in the water bath at 60 °C ± 1 °C. Keep the entire bulb completely immersed in water and hold at that 
tempe rature for 1 h. Carefully remove any water which has exuded from the capillary opening. Remove from 
the bath, wipe completely dry, cool to room temperature and weigh.  
A.8.2.2 Melt approximately 40 g of the material in a porcelain dish and fill the dry spec ific gravity bottle 
with it. Keep the bottle for 1 h in a water bath at 60 °C ± 1 °C. Carefully remove any material which exudes 
from the capillary opening, wipe the bottle dry and cool at room temperature and weigh.  
A.8.3  Calculation  
Specific gravity 60 °C/60 °C=
2 32 1
mmmm
  
Where  
m1 is the mass, in grams, of specific gravity bottle with the material  
m2 is the mass, in grams, of the specific of the gravity bottle  
m3 is the mass, in grams, of the specific gravity bottle with water  DRS 283 -1: 2017  
ICS 71.100.40  
 
 
©RSB 2017  - All right s reserved