PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
RevisedDraftPNS
ForPosting to WTO
27July 2016
Page1of101       Scope 1
ThisCodeofGoodAquaculturePractices (GA qP)for Crustacean coverspractices thataim 2
topreventorminimizetheriskassociatedwithaquacultureproductionin fresh and 3
brackish waters . This Co de coversthefollowingaspectsofaquacultureproduction 4
namely:a)foodsafety,b)animalhealthandwelfare,c)environmentalintegrity,andd) 5
socio-economic. 6
ThisCodeappliestoaquaculturefarmsorprojects,suchas,butnotlimitedto,hatcheries, 7
nurseries,andgrow-outintended for shrimpand mangrove crabculture. 8
This Codeconsistsofminimum c ompliancerequirements. 9
2       Refer ences 10
The titles of the publications referred to in this Standard are listed in the inside back cover.11
3.Definition of Terms 12
13
3.1Aquaculture farm refers to an aquaculture production establishment (either land - 14
or water-based); usually consisting of holding facilities (tanks, ponds, raceways, pens,cages), 15
plant (buildings, storage, processing ), service equipment and stock. ( modified from 16
CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 17
18
3.2Biosecurity refers to set of practices that will reduce the probability of pathogen 19
introduction and its subsequent spread from one place to another.20
21
3.3Chemicals refer to any substance either natural or synthetic that can affect the live 22
fish, its pathogens, and thewater, equipment used for production or the land within the 23
aquaculture establishment. (CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 24
25
3.4Competent Authority refers to the bureau or agency mandated by law with 26
responsibility and competence for ensuring and supervising the implementa tion of sanitary 27
and phytosanitary (SPS) measures.28
29
3.5Diseased crustaceans refers to acrustaceans on or in which pathological changes or 30
other abnormalities that affect safety and quality are apparent. (modified form CAC/RCP 52 - 31
2003) 32
33
3.6Extensive farming refers to r aisingcrustaceans under conditions of little or 34
incomplete control over the growing process and production conditions where their growth35
is dependent upon endogenously supplied nutrient inputs. (CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 36
37
3.7Feed additive refers to chemicals other than nutrients for fish that are approved for 38
addition to their feed. (CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 39
40
3.8Fish feed refers to f odder intended for fish in aquaculture establishments, in any 41
form and of any composition. (CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 42
43
3.9Hatchery refers to a lake -based or land -based structure growing or culturing fish for 44
breeding and fish seed production. (FAO 214 S. 2001)45
46
3.10Intensive farming refers to raising fish under controlled growing process and 47
production conditions where their growth is completely dependent on externally supplied 48
fish feed. (CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 49PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
RevisedDraftPNS
ForPosting to WTO
27July 2016
Page2of1050
3.11Semi-intensive farming refers to r aising fish under conditions of partial control 51
over the growing process and production conditions where their growth i s dependent upon 52
endogenously supplied nutrient sand externally supplied fish feed. (modified from CAC/RCP 53
52-2003) 54
55
3.12Veterinary drug refers to any substance applied or administered to crustaceans 56
whether used for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic purposes or for modification of57
physiological functions or behavior. (modified from CAC/RCP 52 -2003) 58
59
4.Site Selection 60
61
4.1Location 62
63
4.1.1Aquaculture farms should be located in areawhere risk of contamination is minimized 64
or where sources of pollution can be controlled or mitigated . 65
4.1.2Proof of complian cewithexisting environmental regulation sby the competent 66
authority . 67
68
4.1.3Proofof legalrights, privileges or ownershipofthe farmarea (license tooperateor 69
businesspermitfromthe localgovernmentunit)andits location map. 70
71
4.2    Lay-outand design 72
73
4.2.1Aquaculture farm should be designed with proper space for its facilities and s hould 74
integrate bio -security measures to p revent cross contamination and threat to security . 75
76
4.2.2Livestock and poultry production may be allowed provided measures are in place to 77
avoid contamination.78
79
4.2.3Culture facilities shouldbedesignedand constructedtoensureminimalphysical 80
damage toshrimp and crab duringgrowingandharvesting. 81
82
4.2.4Settling pond of water coming tonaturalopen-watersystemshould be available . 83
84
4.2.5Bufferzone should be observed in accordance with existing regulation. 85
86
5Facilitiesandsanitation 87
88
5.1       Facilities 89
90
5.1.1Facilitiesfordisposalofsolidand liquidwastes shouldbeavailable in a suitablearea 91
and should be compliant with existing regulation.92
93
5.1.2Fuel, chemical substances (sanitizer,fertilizerandreagents),feedandveterinarydrugs 94
shouldbe stored separatelyinasafe condition. 95
96
5.2    Sanitation 97
98
5.2.1Aquaculture farm facilities andtheirsurroundings shouldbemaintained in a clean 99
andhygienic condition. 100
101
5.2.2Containers,equipmentandfarmfacilities shouldbemaintained ingoodcondition 102
for ease in cleaning and sanitizing.103
104PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
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Page3of105.2.3Adequateprocedures for cleaninganddisinfectionofcontainers,equipmentand 105
farmfacilities shouldbeinplaceandimplemented. 106
107
5.3Waste removal 108
109
5.3.1Waste shouldbeproperly segregated and removedatleastonce aday. 110
111
5.3.2Waste containersand thewastestoragepremisesshouldbe cleanedand sanitized 112
after eachuse. 113
114
5.3.3Waste shouldbe stored suchthat it isnot asourceof contamination. 115
116
5.3.4Organic waste after harvest should be disposed of properly to prevent contamination. 117
118
6Farm management 119
120
6.1Aquaculture Farm preparation 121
122
6.1.1Aquaculture farm preparationpractices shouldminimize risk for cross- 123
contamination. 124
125
6.1.2Prohibited chemicalsorbiological substances shouldnotbeused inaquaculture 126
farmpreparation. 127
128
6.1.3Fertilizers,probioticsand chemicals shouldbeusedin accordance to the 129
instructionson the manufacturers label or as advised by the competent authority. 130
131
6.2Watermanagement 132
6.2.1Water for culture should be of a quality suitable for the production of shrimp and crab 133
which are safe for human consumption. Water should conform to existing standard for 134
water quality parameters provided in Annex A. 135
136
6.2.2Water shouldbeproperly screened,settled,aeratedandmaintainedas suitable for 137
cultured stock. 138
139
6.2.3Waterquality shouldberegularly monitored toensuresuitability andsafety. 140
141
7Feedsand feeding 142
143
7.1    Origin offeedand feedsubstances 144
145
7.1.1Commercial feeds, feed ingredients, additives and premixes shouldbeobtainedfrom 146
a company registeredand monitored by the competent authority. 147
148
7.1.2Imported feeds shouldbeobtainedfrom acompanyregistered and monitoredbythe 149
competent authority in compliancewithexistingregulationsand inconformitywith the 150
existingstandards. 151
152
7.1.3Live feeds and natural food should comply with the health certification from in-country 153
trans-boundary movement from the competent authority . 154
155
7.2Feed quality 156
157PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
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Page4of107.2.1The contentofadditivesandveterinarydrugs should complywiththe existing 158
regulationsandconformtoexistingstandards. 159
160
7.2.2Packages shouldbeproperly labeledwith thedescriptionofcomposition,storage 161
conditions,expirydate, feeding rateandothernecessaryguidanceinEnglishlanguage. 162
163
7.2.3Feedsshouldbeapplied on a first -in, first-outbases. 164
165
7.3Feeding 166
167
7.3.1Feedingpracticesshouldminimize the risk forbiological, chemicalandphysical 168
contaminationsof feedsandcrustaceans . 169
170
7.3.2Feedingpractices s houldensure themaintenance o fwaterand sedimentquality. 171
172
7.3.3Live feeds and natural food should be of good quality, healthy and safe. 173
174
7.4Use of non -pelleted/fresh feed 175
176
Ifnon-pelleted feedsorfreshfeeds (trashfish, chickenentrails,etc.)areused in the farmas 177
aquafeed,theprotocolontheadministrationshouldbeprovided. 178
179
8Shrimp and crab h ealthmanagement 180
181
8.1Farmoperation shouldfollow existing protocol on aquatic animal health . 182
183
8.2Shrimp and crab intended for farming and restocking should be clinically healthy . 184
185
8.3A suitable r isk-basedanimalhealth surveillance schemeby the fish farmer according 186
to aquatic animal health plan recommended by the competent authority shouldbeinplace. 187
188
8.4Surveillance program should be in place for diseases of shrimp and crab 189
190
8.5Measures for the notification and control of diseases of shrimp and crab should be in 191
place.192
193
8.6Shrimp, crab and products placed on the market for further processing for 194
human consumption should be disease -free. 195
196
8.7A designated quarantine facility should be maintained for treatment of ill 197
finfish.Handling and disposal of diseased shrimp, crab and eggs for disease control 198
purposes should follow existing protocol of competent authority.199
200
9Chemicaland biological substances use 201
202
9.1Veterinarydrugs,medicatedfeeds,chemicalandbiologicalsubstances shouldbe 203
obtained from registered andauthorized manufacturers and suppliers and should be used 204
onlywhen necessary 205
206
9.2Veterinary drugs, medicated feeds, chemical and biological substances should be only 207
those permitted andregistered according to existing regulations. 208
209
9.3Drug residues should not be present in the body of shrimp and crab by observing 210
withdrawal period to ensure that the maximum residue level (MRL) isacceptable based on 211
the existing standards.212PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
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9.4Substances requiringprescriptionshouldonlybeusedunderadequate supervisionby 214
aqualifiedexpertor a trained technician . Non-prescription substances shouldbeused 215
accordingtomanufacturer’s instructionsandas specifiedonthe label. 216
217
10Harvesting and tran sport 218
219
10.1Harvesting 220
221
10.1.1Harvestingequipment(e.g. containers and vehicles for harvested animals) and 222
paraphernalia shouldbeeasy to clean, andkept in cleancondition. 223
224
10.1.2Harvesting shouldbeplanned inadvanceand timed topreventshrimp and crab 225
frombeingexposedtohightemperatures. 226
227
10.1.3Harvested shrimps shouldbeproperlychilled.. 228
229
10.1.4Practices s houldensure that theviabilityof liveshrimp and crab isnotaffectedby 230
physicaldamageor stress. 231
232
10.1.5Shrimp and crab shouldbequicklyandhygienicallyhandled,usingpractices t hat 233
donot causephysicaldamagetotheproduct. 234
235
10.2Post-harvesthandling and transport 236
10.2.1Post-harvestingequipmentandparaphernalia shouldbeeasy to cleanandkept in 237
cleancondition. 238
239
10.2.2Operationssuchas sorting,weighing,washing,draining,packaging shouldbe 240
carriedoutquickly,hygienicallyandwithoutdamage totheproduct. 241
242
10.2.3Foodadditivesand chemicals,whichareused in contactwithproducts, should 243
complywithprevailing legalrequirements. 244
245
10.2.4Transport shouldbe carriedout in cleanandeasy tocleanfacilities (boxes, 246
containers,vehicleetc.). 247
248
10.2.5Liveshrimp and crab shouldbe transportedunderphysical conditionswhichdo 249
notadverselyaffecttheirquality. 250
251
10.2.6Freshshrimpshouldbe transportedand maintained at atemperature of 0-40C. 252
253
11Biodiversity 254
255
11.1 Escape es and captive stocks 256
257
11.1.1Screens, barriers and containment ponds where applicable, should be available and 258
limit the incidence of escape to the natural environment of cultured species of at acceptable 259
level of risk . 260
261
11.2Predatorcontrol 262
263
11.2.1Theuseof lethalmethods ineradicatingnon-shrimp and crab predators,especially 264
those classifiedasvulnerableby the International Union for Conservationof Natureand 265
Natural Resources (IUCN)should be avoided . 266PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
RevisedDraftPNS
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12Animalwelfare 268
269
12.1Growth and s urvival 270
271
12.1.1Shrimps and crabs should be maintained under conditions to promote good growth 272
and survival.273
274
12.1.2Farms shouldmaintain acceptable survival rateof at least 80%during cultureperiod 275
276
13Personnel health and hygiene 277
278
13.1Workers should be trained on farm level hygienic practices to ensure they are aware 279
of their roles and responsibilities for protecting aquaculture products from contamination 280
and deterioration throughout the production cycle.281
282
13.2Personnelwho could contaminateproducts shouldbeexcludedfromworkingand 283
handlingofshrimps and crabs . 284
285
13.3Workers shouldwearsuitableand appropriate working clothes. 286
287
13.4Smoking, spittingor drinking alcoholic beverages intheworkingand storagepremises 288
should be discouraged . 289
290
14Traceability and record keeping 291
292
14.1Adequate records shouldbekeptonaquaculture farm managementactivities (e.g. 293
preparationsandwaterquality controls). 294
295
14.2Adequate records shouldbe keptontheoriginandthetypeof broodstock, shrimp 296
post larvae and crabletsused. 297
298
14.3Adequate recordsshouldbekepton thedate,type,originanduseof feedsand feed 299
ingredients. 300
301
14.4Traceability records foranimal health and movementofshrimp and crab shouldbe 302
completedandmaintained. 303
304
14.5Recordsonharvesting shouldbe maintained for traceabilitypurposes. 305
306
14.6Adequate recordsonthebuyersoffinalproductsshouldbe kept (one-step-forward 307
traceability). 308
309
14.7All records should be recorded, kept, maintained and made accessible during culture 310
and for at least 24 months after harvesting . 311
312
15Laborandcommuni ty 313
314
15.1Childlabor 315
Proactiveanti-child labor policyshouldexistinthe farm. 316
317
15.2 Anti-discrimination or une qual treatment of employee policy 318
319
15.2.1Workers should not be discriminated against on the basis of gender, race, religion, 320
culture and age . 321PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
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15.3 Training on safety 323
Safetyproceduresand orientation prior to the start of work shouldbeavailableatthefarm. 324
325
15.4First aid 326
327
15.4.1Firstaid kit shouldbeavailableinthe farm;and 328
329
15.4.2Laborers shouldbeable todemonstrateawarenesson thedifferentfirstaid 330
measures. 331
332
15.5Wagesandworking hours 333
334
15.5.1Workers should receivefairanddecent salary consistentwithexisting lawsand 335
other regulations. 336
337
15.5.2During working hours, workers should be committed to perform their task, receive 338
adequate supervision to mitigate accidents, and be treated responsibly in accordance with 339
existing regulation.340
341
15.5.3During emergency situation or whenever necessary, workers extending extra 342
working hours should receive commensurate overtime pay for such services.343
344
15.6Livingconditions foremployees 345
346
15.6.1Livingquartersof stay-inlaborers, technicians and aidesshouldbe safe,cleanand 347
should be provided separately for both genders . 348
349
15.6.2Potablewater and cleantoilets shouldbemadeavailable. 350
351
15.6.3Basic amenities should be provided to farm workers. 352
353
15.7Socialaspects 354
355
15.7.1Farm operation shall demonstrate equal rights on public land and water use for 356
local communities following national laws and regulation s. 357
358
15.7.2Farms should minimize the potential adverse impact on the local community during 359
all phases of farm operation.360
361
15.7.3Farms owners and workers s houldmaintain a harmonious rel ationship with the 362
community.363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
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References 378
The following referencedocumentsare indispensable for theapplication of thisdocument. Fordated 379
references,only theedition citedapplies. Forundated references,thelatesteditionofthe   referenced 380
document   (includinganyamendments)applies. 381
ASEAN,2015.StandardonASEAN G ood Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)for Food Fish ( Part1). 382
Establishmentof Standardon ASEAN GAqP Project. Ass ociationof Southeast AsianNations- 383
Australia De velopmentCooperation ProgramPhase II (ASEAN-ADCPII).ASEAN Secretariat, 384
Jakarta, Indonesia. 385
386
ASEAN,2011.Standardon ASEAN Good Aquaculture Practicesfor Shrimp Farming (ASEANShrimp 387
GAP). AssociationofSoutheast Asian Na tions. ASEANSecretariat, Jakarta,Indonesia. 388
389
BFAR Fish eries Administrative Order214 s.2001. Codeof Practice f or Aquaculture.Bureauof Fisheries 390
and Aquatic Resources. Departmentof Agriculture. Quezon City, Philippines. 391
392
CAC RCP52-2003Amended 2-2013. Recommended Codeof Practicefor FishandFisheryProducts. 393
CodexAlimentarius Commission. Rome,Italy. 394
395
FAO,2011.Technical Guidelineson Aquaculture Certification. Foodand AgricultureOrganizationofthe 396
United Nation. Rome,Italy. 397
398
FAO,2011. Codeof ConductforResponsible Fish eries.Foodand AgricultureOrganizationofthe United 399
Nation. Rome,Italy. 400
401
GLOBALG.A.P. Aquaculture Standard–version5July2015. GLOBALG.A.P.Secretariat.Germany. 402
403
PNS/BAFS 135:2014. Philippine National Standard on the Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP). 404
Bureau Agriculture and Fisheries Standards. Department of Agriculture. Quezon City, 405
Philippines. 406
407
PNS/BAFS 177:2016. Philippine National Standard for Live Mangrove Crab. Bureau Agriculture and 408
Fisheries Standards. Department of Agriculture. Quezon City, Philippines. 409
410
IUCN,2009.Guide for the Sustainable DevelopmentofMediterranean Aquaculture3. Aquaculture 411
Responsible Practices andCertification.International Union for Conservationof Natureand 412
Natural Resources. Gland, SwitzerlandandMalaga, Spain. 413
414
IUCN,2009.Guide for the Sustainable DevelopmentofMediterranean Aquaculture2. Aquaculture site 415
selectionand sitemanagement.InternationalUnionfor Conservationof Natureand Natural 416
Resources.Gland, SwitzerlandandMalaga, Spain. 417
418
419
IUCN,2007.Guidefor the Sustainable DevelopmentofMediterranean Aquaculture.Interactionbetween 420
Aquacultureand the Environment.International UnionforConservationof Natureand Natural 421
Resources.Gland, SwitzerlandandMalaga, Spain. 422
423
PresidentialDecreeNo.442,AsAmended.1974.ADecreeInstituting ALaborCodeThereby Revising 424
andConsolidatingLaborandSocialLawstoAfford ProtectiontoLabor,PromoteEmployment 425
andHuman Resources DevelopmentandInsureIndustrialPeaceBasedOnSocial Justice. 426
Philippines. 427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP)forCrustaceans
RevisedDraftPNS
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27July 2016
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Annex A 437
Water Quality Criteria for Conventional and other Pollutants Contributing Aesthetics and 438
Oxygen Demand for Fresh Water, Coastal and Marine Waters 439
Parameters UnitFreshwaters Coastal and Marine Waters
Class C Class SB Class SC
Color PCU(a) (a) (a)
Temperatures(d)
(max. rise in deg. Celsius)0C rise 3 3 3
Ph (range) 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.5 6.0-8.5
Dissolved Oxygen(e)
(Minimum)% satn
mg/L60
5.070
5.070
5.0
5-Day 200C BOD mg/L 7 (10) 5 7(10)
Total Suspended Solids mg/L(b) (b) (b)
Surfactants (MBAS) mg/L 0.5 0.3 0.5
Oil/Grease
(Petroleum Ether
Extracts)mg/L 2 2 3
Nitrate as  Nitrogen mg/L 10(c) -
Phosphate as Phosphorus mg/L 0.4(d) -
Phenolic Substances as
Phenolsmg/L 0.02(e) 0.01 (1)
Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml 5, 000(f) 1, 000(f) 5, 000(f)
Or Fecal Coliforms MPN/100 ml - 200(f) -
Chloride as CI mg/L 350 -
Copper mg/L 0.05(h) 0.02(g) (h) 0.05(h)
440
Legend441
Class C–fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources 442
Class SB–fishery waters class I (Spawning areas for Chanos chanos or “Bangus” and similar species) 443
Class SC–fishery water class II (commercial and sustenance fishing) 444
___________________________________________445
Notes:446
(a)–no abnormal discoloration from unnatural causes 447
(b)–not more than 30 mg/L increase 448
(c)–applicable only to lakes or reservoirs, and similarly impounded water 449
(d)–when applied to lakes or reservoirs, the Phosphate as P concentration should not exceed as an average of 0.05 mg/L nor a 450
maximum of 0.1 mg/L 451
(e)–not present in concentrations to affect fish flavor/taste 452
(f)–These values refer to the geometric mea n of the most probable number if coliform organism during a 3 -month period and that the 453
limit indicated shall not be exceeded in 20 % of the samples taken during the period. 454
(g)–for spawning areas for Chanos chanos and other similar species 455
(h)–limit is in terms of dissolved copper 456PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD ____:2016
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Annex B 458
459
Recommended Stocking Density for Crab and Shrimp (Grow -out) 460
Species Culture System Stocking Density   (Grow -out)
1. Mangrove Crab
a. Scylla serrata
b. S. olivacea
c. S. tranquebarica
d. S. paramamosainExtensive &
aquasilviculture500-1000 pcs/ha
2. Shrimp
a.Penaeus monodon Extensive 1-5 pl/m2
Semi-intensive 6-15 pl/m2
Intensive >15-up pl/m2
b.Penaeus vannamei Extensive 10-30 pl/m3
Semi-intensive 31-60 pl/m3
Intensive 61-up pl/m3
461