WT/L/935  
 
6 November 2014  
(14-6485)  Page: 1/16  
General Council 
10-11 December 2014  Original: English  
 
 EUROPEAN UNION PREFERENCES FOR ALBANIA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, 
CROATIA, THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA, 
MONTENEGRO, SERBIA AS WELL AS KOSOVO1 
REPORT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION UNDER THE DECISION OF 30 NOVEMBER 20112 
 The following communication, dated 17 October 2014, is being circulated at the request of 
the Delegation of the European Union.  
_______________ 
 
1  INTRODUCTION 
1.1.  On 8 December 2000, the European Union (EU) was granted a waiver (WT/L/380) from its 
obligations under paragraph 1 of Article I of the GATT 1994 to the extent necessary to permit the 
European Union to afford duty-free or preferential treatment to eligible products originating in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and 
Montenegro, without being required to extend the same duty-free or preferential treatment to like 
products of any other Member. This waiver expired on 31 December 2006. 
1.2.  With a view to maintaining the current syst em in place, the EU requested two extensions of 
the Western Balkans Waiver, which were adopted by the WTO General Council at its meetings on 
27-28 July 2006 (WT/L/654) and on 30 November 2011 (WT/L/836), respectively.  The waiver will 
expire on 31 December 2016 and covers products or iginating in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 
Croatia and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia as well as Kosovo. 
Following the accession of Croatia to the Europe an Union on 1 July 2013, Croatia is no more 
covered by this waiver.  
1.3.  Under the terms of this waiver, the EU is required to submit to the General Council an annual 
report on the preferences and duty -free treatment afforded to products from the countries listed in 
paragraph 1, including the extent to which such  preferences and duty-free treatment differ from 
the EU's MFN and GSP concessions,  with a view to facilitating the annual review provided for in 
paragraph 4 of Article IX of the WTO Agreement. This report covers the calendar year 2013. 
1.4.  The EU trade regime vis-à-vis these countries is currently regulated by the granting of 
autonomous trade preferences and by the conclusion of Stabilization and Association Agreements.  
2  AUTONOMOUS TRADE PREFERENCES 
2.1.  Before 2000, the EU already had a liberal trade regime towards the Western Balkans, 
allowing more than 80% of regional exports to enter the European Union duty-free.  On 
1 December 2000 the EU Council of Ministers extend ed the duty-free access to the EU market for 
products originating from this area even further. 
2.2.  The reason for such an extension was that  the general level of imports from the Western 
Balkans countries remained very low, being less than one per cent of all EU imports. It was, therefore, considered appropriate to further im prove the EU's autonomous trade preferences by 
                                               
1 Kosovo under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244. 
2 WT/L/836. WT/L/935 
 
- 2 - 
 
  removing all remaining tariff ceilings for industrial and agricultural products and by further 
improving access to the EU market for agricultural and fishery products. 
2.3.  Further market opening also accompanied the enhanced process of political and economic 
stabilization in the region into which the European Union engaged following the end of the Balkan 
wars in the 1990s.  Fully liberalized access to the mark ets of the EU is also foreseen as part of the 
Stabilization and Association Process. In additi on to the autonomous trade preferences, the 
Stabilization and Association Agreements or the Interim Agreements on trade and trade-related 
matters facilitate this liberalisation. 
3  THE STABILIZATION AND ASSOCIATION AGREEMENTS 3.1.  The Stabilization and Association Agreements, which the EU is progressively concluding with 
the countries of the Western Balkans, are tools which provide for the economic development and 
political stabilization of the countries in the re gion, and establish a close, long-term association 
between the EU and the Western Balkans. 
3.2.  The Stabilization and Association Agreements aim at creating a free trade area for goods 
among the parties over a transitional period in line with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 and 
envisage a progressive and reciprocal liberalisation of trade in services. Associated disciplines in areas such as competition and state aid rules, in tellectual property, public procurement, etc. are 
also envisaged. 
3.3.  Five agreements of this kind have been co ncluded so far: with the former Yugoslav Republic 
of Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Montenegro and Serbia. The Stabilization and 
Association Agreement with the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia entered into force on 
1 April 2004, the one with Albania on 1 April 2009 and the one with Montenegro on 1 May 2010 
and with the Republic of Serbia on 1 Septembe r 2013. The ratification of the Stabilization and 
Association Agreement with Bosnia and Herz egovina has not yet entered into force.  
3.4.  As the ratification procedures of these Stabilization and Association Agreements take a 
significant period of time, the trade provisions of  these agreements entered into force by means of 
Interim Agreements on 1 June 2001 for the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 
1 December 2006 for Albania, 1 January 2008 for Montenegro, 1 July 2008 for Bosnia and 
Herzegovina, 1 February 2010 for Serbia.  All the agreements establish a free trade area with the concerned country in line with the obligations foreseen in Article XXIV of the GATT 1994. At the same time they allow the continuation of the autonomous preferences where these provide more 
favourable conditions for the export of the goods originating in the former Yugoslav Republic of 
Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia and He rzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia. 
4  TRADE WITH THE COUNTRIE S OF THE WESTERN BALKANS 
4.1.  In the year 2013 EU imports from the Western Balkans concentrated primarily on machinery, 
manufacturing and semi-manufacturing products an d chemicals.  However, the trade balance for 
the countries of the Western Balkans remained negative for all sectors.  
4.2.  Statistical annexes are provided to present a detailed description of the EU trade relations 
with the countries of the Western Balkans for the year 2013.  The first annex describes the trade relations with the countries of the Western Balkans as a whole, while the remaining annexes describe in detail the trade relations with each country of the region. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 1: WESTERN BALKANS 
Population in Mio   18.7 
Area in 1000skm  219 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  68.5 
GDP Per Capita in euro  3,651  
EU 27 TRADE WITH WESTERN BALKANS 
Year IMPORTS EXPORTS BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2005 9,003  0.8 21,584  2.1 12,581  
2006 11,573  0.9 25,204  2.2 13,631  
2007 13,340  0.9 29,374  2.4 16,034  
2008 13,928  0.9 33,029  2.5 19,101  
2009 11,177  0.9 25,478  2.3 14,301  
2010 14,030  0.9 26,490  1.9 12,460  
2011 16,320  0.9 30,284  1.9 13,964  
2012 15,432  0.9 29,861  1.8 14,430  
EU 28 TRADE WITH WESTERN BALKANS 
Year IMPORTS EXPORTS BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2013 13,753  0.8 22,099  1.3 8,346  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
0000 - Total 13,753  100 0.82%  22,099  100 1.27%  
1000 - Primary products 4,156  30.2 0.59%  6,416  29.0 2.18%  
1100 - Agricultural products 1,746  12.7 1.30%  2,818 12.8 2.12%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 2,410  17.5 0.42%  3,598 16.3 2.23%  
2000 - Manufactures 9,512  69.2 1.01%  15,500  70.1 1.16%  
2100 - Iron and steel 768 5.6 2.99%  695 3.1 1.85%  
2200 - Chemicals 1,226  8.9 0.78%  3,350 15.2 1.23%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 1,262  9.2 1.54%  2,676 12.1 2.20%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 3,310  24.1 0.76%  5,938 26.9 0.84%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment 87 0.6 0.05%  900 4.1 1.20%  
2420 - Transport equipment 1,487  10.8 1.46%  2,217 10.0 0.78%  
2430 - Other machinery 1,736  12.6 1.06%  2,819 12.8 0.81%  
2500 - Textiles 157  1.1 0.72%  834 3.8 4.85%  
2600 - Clothing 1,109  8.1 1.55%  476 2.2 2.05%  WT/L/935 
 
- 4 - 
 
  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
2700 - Other manufactures 1,680  12.2 1.16%  1,529 6.9 0.98%  
3000 - Other products 61 0.4 0.15%  84 0.4 0.08%  
The above codes correspond to the following SITC codes:  1000 - Primary products: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 68; 1100 - 
Agricultural products: 0, 1, 2, 4, excl. 27, excl. 28; 1200 - Fuels and mining products: 3, 27, 28, 68; 2000 – Manufactures: 5, 6, 7, 8, excl. 68, excl. 891; 2100 - Iron and steel: 67; 2200 – Chemicals: 5; 2300 - Other semi-manufactures: 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69; 2400 - Mach inery and transport equipment: 7; 2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment: 75, 76, 776; 2420 - Transport equipment: 78, 79, 713, 7783; 2430 - Other machinery: 71, 72, 73, 74, 77, excl. 713, excl. 776, excl. 7783; 2500 – Textiles: 65; 2600 – Clothing: 84; 2700 - Other manufactures: 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, excl. 891; 3000 - Other products: 9, 891. 
Source: World Bank. 
Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. 
 
 WT/L/935 
 
- 5 - 
 
  ANNEX 2: ALBANIA 
Population in Mio  3.2 
Area in 1000skm  29  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 9.8 
GDP Per Capita in euro 3,113  
EU 27 TRADE WITH ALBANIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 68 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 61 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value  
(Mio €) 
2005 417 0.0 1,383 0.1 966 
2006 496 0.0 1,541 0.1 1,045 
2007 627 0.0 1,802 0.1 1,175 
2008 688 0.0 2,002 0.2 1,315 
2009 654 0.1 1,969 0.2 1,315 
2010 894 0.1 2,063 0.2 1,169 
2011 942 0.1 2,289 0.1 1,347 
2012 1114 0.1 2,372 0.1 1,258 
EU 28 TRADE WITH ALBANIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 68 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 61 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports 
(%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2013 1,234  0.1 2,329  0.1 1,095  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
0000 – Total 1,234  100 0.07%  2,329 100 0.13%  
1000 – Primary products 551 44.6 0.08%  883 37.9 0.30%  
1100 – Agricultural products 79  6.4 0.06%  369 15.8 0.28%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 472 38.3 0.08%  514 22.1 0.32%  
2000 – Manufactures 678  54.9 0.07%  1,402 60.2 0.10%  
2100 – Iron and steel 22 1.8 0.09%  53 2.3 0.14%  
2200 – Chemicals 5  0.4 0.00%  239 10.2 0.09%  
2300 – Other semi-manufactures 98 8.0 0.12%  324 13.9 0.27%  
2400 – Machinery and transport 
equipment 50 4.0 0.01%  408 17.5 0.06%  
2410 – Office and 
telecommunication equipment 7 0.5 0.00%  91 3.9 0.12%  
2420 – Transport equipment 4  0.3 0.00%  106 4.5 0.04%  
2430 – Other machinery 39 3.2 0.02%  212 9.1 0.06%  
2500 – Textiles 7  0.6 0.03%  106 4.5 0.62%  WT/L/935 
 
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  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
2600 – Clothing 231 18.7 0.32%  113 4.8 0.49%  
2700 – Other manufactures 264  21.4 0.18%  159 6.8 0.10%  
3000 – Other products 5 0.4 0.01%  9 0.4 0.01%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 3: BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 
Population in Mio 3.8 
Area in 1000skm 51  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 13.6 
GDP Per Capita in euro 3,546  
EU 27 TRADE WITH BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 54 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 48 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2005 1,332 0.1 2,871 0.3 1,538 
2006 1,725 0.1 2,883 0.2 1,157 
2007 1,832 0.1 3,123 0.3 1,292 
2008 1,937 0.1 3,736 0.3 1,799 
2009 1,527 0.1 2,941 0.3 1,414 
2010 2,026 0.1 3,138 0.2 1,112 
2011 2,406 0.1 3,537 0.2 1,131 
2012 2,422 0.1 3,598 0.2 1,176 
EU 28 TRADE WITH BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 54 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 48 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2013 3,242 0.2 4,786 0.3 1,544 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
0000 - Total 3,242  100 0.19%  4,786 100 0.28%  
1000 - Primary products 1,024  31.6 0.15%  1,575 32.9 0.54%  
1100 - Agricultural products 373  11.5 0.28%  850 17.8 0.64%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 651 20.1 0.11%  724 15.1 0.45%  
2000 - Manufactures 2,199  67.8 0.23%  3,183 66.5 0.24%  
2100 - Iron and steel 138 4.3 0.54%  157 3.3 0.42%  
2200 - Chemicals 178  5.5 0.11%  686 14.3 0.25%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 366 11.3 0.45%  671 14.0 0.55%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 533 16.5 0.12%  1,029 21.5 0.15%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment 9 0.3 0.01%  142 3.0 0.19%  
2420 - Transport equipment 150  4.6 0.15%  375 7.8 0.13%  
2430 - Other machinery 375 11.6 0.23%  512 10.7 0.15%  
2500 - Textiles 34  1.0 0.15%  182 3.8 1.06%  
2600 - Clothing 133 4.1 0.19%  83 1.7 0.36%  WT/L/935 
 
- 8 - 
 
  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
2700 - Other manufactures 816  25.2 0.56%  375 7.8 0.24%  
3000 - Other products 11 0.4 0.03%  15 0.3 0.01%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 4: FORMER YUGOSLAV  REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
Population in Mio  2.1 
Area in 1000skm 26  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 7.5 
GDP Per Capita in euro 3,553  
EU 27 TRADE WITH FORMER YUGO SLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 58 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 57 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value  
(Mio €) 
2005 1,018 0.1 1,567 0.1 550 
2006 1,304 0.1 1,832 0.2 528 
2007 1,858 0.1 2,080 0.2 223 
2008 1,765 0.1 2,532 0.2 767 
2009 1,189 0.1 2,076 0.2 887 
2010 1,735 0.1 2,383 0.2 648 
2011 2,161 0.1 2,947 0.2 787 
2012 2,126 0.1 3,300 0.2 1,174 
EU 28 TRADE WITH FORMER YUGO SLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 58 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 57 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value  
(Mio €) 
2013 2,399 0.1 3,400 0.2 1,001 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Exports 
0000 – Total 2,399  100 0.14%  3,400 100 0.20%  
1000 - Primary products 477 19.9 0.07%  1,365 40.1 0.46%  
1100 - Agricultural products 240  10.0 0.18%  351 10.3 0.26%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 237 9.9 0.04%  1,014 29.8 0.63%  
2000 - Manufactures 1,917  79.9 0.20%  2,015 59.3 0.15%  
2100 - Iron and steel 355 14.8 1.38%  135 4.0 0.36%  
2200 - Chemicals 533  22.2 0.34%  470 13.8 0.17%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 42 1.7 0.05%  303 8.9 0.25%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 374 15.6 0.09%  604 17.8 0.09%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment 4 0.2 0.00%  111 3.3 0.15%  
2420 - Transport equipment 43  1.8 0.04%  155 4.6 0.05%  
2430 - Other machinery 327 13.6 0.20%  337 9.9 0.10%  
2500 - Textiles 35  1.5 0.16%  297 8.7 1.73%  
2600 - Clothing 461 19.2 0.65%  38 1.1 0.17%  WT/L/935 
 
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  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Exports 
2700 - Other manufactures 118  4.9 0.08%  166 4.9 0.11%  
3000 - Other products 5 0.2 0.01%  12 0.3 0.01%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 5: KOSOVO 
Population in Mio 1.8 
Area in 1000sk 11  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € (2010) 5 
GDP Per Capita in euro (2010) 2,776  
EU 27 TRADE WITH KOSOVO 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2012: 129 EXPORTS 
Rank 2012: 105 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value  
(Mio €) 
2005 12 0.0 155 0.0 143 
2006 28 0.0 277 0.0 250 
2007 47 0.0 424 0.0 377 
2008 86 0.0 533 0.0 447 
2009 80 0.0 619 0.1 539 
2010 147 0.0 626 0.1 479 
2011 137 0.0 672 0.0 535 
2012 121 0.0 645 0.0 524 
EU 28 TRADE WITH KOSOVO 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 129 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 105 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value  
(Mio €) 
2013 125 0.0 726 0.0 600 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Imports (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
0000 – Total 125  100 0.01%  726 100 0.04%  
1000 - Primary products 41 32.8 0.01%  267 36.8 0.09%  
1100 - Agricultural products 17  13.2 0.01%  187 25.7 0.14%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 25 19.6 0.00%  80 11.0 0.05%  
2000 - Manufactures 83  66.5 0.01%  449 61.9 0.03%  
2100 - Iron and steel 60 48.1 0.23%  10 1.4 0.03%  
2200 - Chemicals 1  1.0 0.00%  105 14.5 0.04%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 5 4.2 0.01%  101 14.0 0.08%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 4 3.3 0.00%  160 22.0 0.02%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment 2 2.0 0.00%  22 3.0 0.03%  
2420 - Transport equipment 0  0.4 0.00%  54 7.4 0.02%  
2430 - Other machinery 1 1.0 0.00%  84 11.6 0.02%  
2500 - Textiles 8  6.5 0.04%  5 0.7 0.03%  
2600 - Clothing 1 0.8 0.00%  15 2.1 0.07%  WT/L/935 
 
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  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Imports (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports 
2700 - Other manufactures 3  2.6 0.00%  53 7.3 0.03%  
3000 - Other products 1 0.6 0.00%  5 0.7 0.00%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 6: SERBIA 
Population in Mio 7.2 
Area in 1000skm 88  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 29.2 
GDP Per Capita in euro 4,039  
EU 27 TRADE WITH SERBIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 42 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 32 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2005 1,177 0.1 2,610  0.2 1,433  
2006 2,835 0.2  5,793  0.5 2,957  
2007 3,656 0.3 8,012  0.6 4,356  
2008 4,013 0.3  9,044  0.7 5,031  
2009 3,211 0.3 6,588  0.6 3,377  
2010 4,085 0.3  7,426  0.6 3,341  
2011 4,819 0.3 8,629  0.6 3,810  
2012 4,716 0.3  9,124  0.6 4,408  
EU 28 TRADE WITH SERBIA 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2012: 42 EXPORTS 
Rank 2012: 32 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2013 6,564  0.4 9,944  0.6 3,380  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Imports (Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Exports 
0000 - Total 6,564  100 0.39%  9,944 100 0.57%  
1000 - Primary products 1,948  29.7 0.28%  1,961 19.7 0.67%  
1100 - Agricultural products 1,027  15.6 0.76%  894 9.0 0.67%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 921 14.0 0.16%  1,067 10.7 0.66%  
2000 - Manufactures 4,568  69.6 0.49%  7,909 79.5 0.59%  
2100 - Iron and steel 183 2.8 0.71%  335 3.4 0.89%  
2200 - Chemicals 506  7.7 0.32%  1769 17.8 0.65%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 748 11.4 0.91%  1,193 12.0 0.98%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 2,299  35.0 0.53%  3,460 34.8 0.49%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication 
equipment 64 1.0 0.04%  478 4.8 0.64%  
2420 - Transport equipment 1,254  19.1 1.23%  1,386 13.9 0.49%  
2430 - Other machinery 981 14.9 0.60%  1,596 16.0 0.46%  WT/L/935 
 
- 14 - 
 
  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Imports (Mio 
euro) % Share of 
total EU 
Exports 
2500 - Textiles 73  1.1 0.33%  240 2.4 1.39%  
2600 - Clothing 283 4.3 0.40%  197 2.0 0.85%  
2700 - Other manufactures 477  7.3 0.33%  713 7.2 0.46%  
3000 - Other products 36 0.5 0.09%  39 0.4 0.04%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. WT/L/935 
 
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  ANNEX 7: MONTENEGRO 
Population in Mio 0.6 
Area in 1000skm  14  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 3,4 
GDP Per Capita in euro 5,480  
EU 27 TRADE WITH MONTENEGRO 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 119 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 93 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2005 85 0.0 284 0.0 199 
2006 293 0.0  517 0.0 224  
2007 341 0.0 673 0.1 333 
2008 271 0.0  871 0.1 600  
2009 130 0.0 533 0.0 403 
2010 183 0.0  545 0.0 362  
2011 220 0.0 686 0.0 466 
2012 268 0.0  747 0.0 479  
EU 28 TRADE WITH MONTENEGRO 
Year IMPORTS 
Rank 2013: 119 EXPORTS 
Rank 2013: 93 BALANCE 
Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports (%) Value 
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%) Value 
(Mio €) 
2013 188 0.0 913 0.1 725 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2013 
Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Import
s (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total 188 100 0.01%  913 100 0.05%  
1000 - Primary products 116 61.5 0.02%  366 40.1 0.12%  
1100 - Agricultural products 10  5.5 0.01%  167 18.3 0.13%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products 105 56.0 0.02%  199 21.8 0.12%  
2000 - Manufactures 67 35.7 0.01%  541 59.3 0.04%  
2100 - Iron and steel 10 5.3 0.04%  4 0.5 0.01%  
2200 - Chemicals 2  0.9 0.00%  81 8.9 0.03%  
2300 - Other semi-manufactures 3 1.5 0.00%  82 9.0 0.07%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment 50 26.5 0.01%  277 30.3 0.04%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication 
equipment 1 0.7 0.00%  56 6.2 0.08%  
2420 - Transport equipment 36  18.9 0.04%  142 15.6 0.05%  
2430 - Other machinery 13 6.9 0.01%  78 8.5 0.02%  WT/L/935 
 
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  Products Imports Exports 
(Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Import
s (Mio 
euro) % Share 
of total 
EU 
Exports  
2500 - Textiles 0  0.0 0.00%  4 0.5 0.03%  
2600 - Clothing 1 0.3 0.00%  30 3.2 0.13%  
2700 - Other manufactures 2  1.1 0.00%  63 6.9 0.04%  
3000 - Other products 4 2.3 0.01%  4 0.5 0.00%  
Source: World Bank. 
Source: IMF (World economic outlook). 
Source: EUROSTAT (Comext,  Statistical regime 4). 
World excluding Intra-EU trade and European Union. 
 
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