Reference number  
DRS 393-7: 2018  
© RSB 2018  
 
 
 RWANDA 
STANDARD  DRS  
393-7 
 
First edition  
2018 -mm-dd 
 
Spatial application mosquito repellents — 
Specification  — 
Part 7 : 
Tablets  
  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  ii 
 In order to match with technological development and to keep continuous progress in industries, 
standards are subject to periodic review. Users shall ascertain that they are in possession of the latest 
edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
© RSB 2018  
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized 
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without 
prior written permission from R SB. 
Requests for permission to reprodu ce this document should be addressed to : 
Rwanda Standards  Board  
P.O Box 7099 Kigali -Rwanda  
KK 15 Rd, 49  
Tel. +250 788303492  
Toll Free: 3250  
E-mail: info@rsb.gov.rw  
Website: www.rsb.gov.rw  
ePortal: www.portal.rsb.gov.rw  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
iii                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  ivv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  2 
4 Types  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  43 
5 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  4 
5.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  4 
5.2 Active ingredient  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  4 
5.2.1  Natural repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  4 
5.2.2  Synthetic repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  5 
5.3 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  65 
5.3.1  Specific requirements for DT  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 65 
5.3.2  Specific requirements for WT  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 6 
5.3.3  Specific requirements for ST  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 76 
5.4 Storage stability  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  7 
5.5 Biological efficacy  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  7 
6 Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 87 
7 Packaging and la belling ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  87 
7.1 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 87 
7.2 Labelling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 87 
Annex  A (normative)  Determination of DEET content  ................................ ................................ ..........  9 
A.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  9 
A.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9 
A.3 Preparation of calibration curve  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 9 
A.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9 
A.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 10 
Annex  B (normative)  Determination of permethrin  ................................ ................................ .............  11 
B.1 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11 
B.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 11 
B.3 Operating conditions  ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  11 
B.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 11 
B.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 12 
 DRS 393 -7: 2018  
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  iv 
 Foreword  
Rwanda Standard s are prepared  by Technical Committees and approved by R wanda Standards Board (RSB) 
Board  of Directors in  accordance with the procedures of RSB, in compliance with Annex 3 of the WTO/TBT 
agreement on the preparation, adoption and application of standards.  
The main task of technical committees is to prepare national standards.  Final Draft Rwanda S tandards adopted 
by Technical committ ees are ratified  by me mbers of RSB Board of Director s for publication and gazettment as 
Rwanda Standards.  
DRS 393 -7 was prepared by Technical  Committee RSB/TC 015, Pharmaceutical Products . 
DRS 393  consists of the following parts, under the general title : Spatial application mosquito repellents — 
Specification : 
 Part 1: Coils  
 Part 2: Spray  
Part 3: Candles  
Part 4: Papers  
Part 5: Liquid vaporizers  
Part 6: Vaporizing m ats 
 Part 7: Tablets  
 Part 8: Liquid detergents  
Committee membership  
The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee on Pharmaceutical Products 
(RSB/TC 015) in the preparation of this standard.  
National Industrial Research and Development Agency (NIRDA)  
National Pharmacy Council (NPC)  
University of Rwanda/College of Sciences and Technology (UR/CST)  
Pharmacie NOVA  
Rwanda Development Board (RDB)  
AGROPY LTD  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
v                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 IKIREZI NATURAL PRODUCTS  
HORIZON/SOPYRWA  
Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB)  
Pharmavie  
University of Rwanda/College of Medicine and Health Sciences (UR/CMHS)  
Rwanda Biomedical Center/ Malaria and Other Parasitic Diseases Division  (RBC/MOPDD)  
Society for Family Health  (SFH) – Rwanda  
Rwanda Biomedi cal Center/Medical Procurement and Production Division (RBC/MPPD)  
Institut d’Enseignement Superieur (INES) - RUHENGERI  
Rwanda  Standards Board  (RSB) – Secretariat  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  vi 
 Introduction  
Insecticides are used either for killing or controlling harmful insects. The ins ecticides which are applied for 
repelling insects are termed as “Repellents". Mosquito is one of the most harmful insects for mankind. To destroy 
them, many preparations are available on the market in various recipes like pest killer spray, soap, oil, powd er, 
repellent etc. Out of these, mosquito repellent is the most popular as it has germicidal and disinfectant properties 
and is able to repel mosquitoes and is convenient to use.  
 
The mosquito repellent is used for warding off mosquitoes which is the most harmful insect. Nowadays, 
mosquito repellents are used for controlling mosquito and are complimenting  other mosquito destroyers 
gradually. With the rise in the standard of living, increasing urbanization and population, the demand of mosquito 
repellent mat is constantly increasing particularly in tropical places. It is a convenient method for protection 
against mosquito, so it has a tremendous market potential. Thus , there is a very  good scope for development 
of such units in the country . 
Spatial repellent s are chemical products designed to be 'active' (requiring heat or electricity) or 'passive' 
(requiring no heat or electricity) and  release volatile chemicals into the air  within th e treated space. Product 
examples that are currently available  include mosquito coils, spray, candles , papers, liquid vaporizers, 
vaporizing mats, tablet s and liquid detergents,  among others . However, many more  types of spatial repellent 
products are waiti ng to be  developed.   
Spatial repellents elicit ‘spatial repellency’ which refers to a range of insect behavio urs induced by airborne 
chemicals that result in a reduction in human -mosquito contact.  These behavio urs include movement away from 
a chemical stimulus, attraction -inhibition and/or, and feeding inhibition.  
 
 DRS 393 -7: 2018  
1                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 Spatial application mosquito repellents  — Specification  — Part 7: 
Tablets  
1 Scope  
This Draft Rwanda S tandard prescribes the requirements , sampling  and test methods for spatial application 
mosquito repellents formulated and prepared as tablets . 
This document  covers, the following types of tablets formulation:  
a) Tablets for Direct Application (DT) ; 
b) Water Dispersible Tablets (WT) , and  
c) Water Soluble Tablets (ST).  
2 Normative references  
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of  their content constitutes 
requirem ents of this document.  For dated references, only the edition  cited applies. For undated references, the 
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
RS 191, Refined pyrethrum concentrate — Specification  
RS ISO 2859 -1, Samp ling proc edures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by Quality 
Level (AQL) for Lot -By-Lot Inspection . 
RS 91,  Labeling and marking of pharmaceutical products — Specification  
AOAC 973.12, d-trans -Allethrin in pesticides formulations  
CIPAC 741, Determination of transfluthrin content  
CIPAC 743 , Determination of prallethrin (etoc) content  
CIPAC 993, Determination of Metofluthrin (S1264)  
CIPAC 742, Determination of d -allethrin  
CIPAC 977, Determination of Meperfluthrin  
CIPAC 760, Determination of picaridin   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  2 
 CIPAC MT 30.5 , Determination of water content  
CIPAC MT 75.3 , Determination of pH values  
CIPAC MT 191 , Acidity or Alkalinity of formulations  
CIPAC MT 193 , Determination of the attrition of tablets  
CIPAC MT 185 , Wet sieve test  
CIPAC MT 184 , Determination of Suspensibility of formulations forming suspensions  
CIPAC MT 47.2 , Determination of persistent foaming  
CIPAC MT 179 , Dissolution degree and solution stability  
CIPAC MT 46.3 , Accelerated storage stability  
DRS 394 -2, Mosquito re pellents ― Performance Test Guidelines ― Part 2: Spatial repellents  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard, the follow ing terms and definitions apply . 
3.1 
tablet  
small compressed solid substance, typically a measured amount of a medicine o r drug  
3.2 
mosquito  
any of numerous arthropod animals of the class mosquito, having an adult stage characterized by three pairs 
of legs and a body segmented into head, thorax, and abdomen and usually having one or two pairs of wings.  
3.3 
mosquito repellen t 
substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages mosquito  (and arthropods  in general) 
from lan ding or climbing on that surface  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
3                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 3.4 
dispersion  
the action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area.  
3.5 
solubility  
the property of a solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid or 
gaseous solvent.  
3.6 
AQL  
Acceptable Quality Limit  
3.7 
Transfluthrin  
(1R,3S)-3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl) -2,2-dimethyl -1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid  (2,3,5,6 -tetrafluorophenyl)methyl 
ester  
3.8 
Etoc  
Prallethrin. (S)-2-methyl -4-oxo-3-prop-2-ynylcyclopent -2-enyl(1R) - cis, tr ans-2,2-dimethyl -3-(2-methylprop -1-
enyl) cyclopropanecarboxylate  
3.9 
Metofluthrin  
C18H20F4O3 , 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro -4-(methoxymethyl)benzyl 2,2 -dimethyl -3-(prop -1-en-1-
yl)cyclopropanecarboxylate  
3.10 
d-Alethrin  
(RS)-3-allyl-2-methyl -4-oxocyclopent -2-enyl (1R) -cis, trans -chrysanthemate   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  4 
 3.11 
Meperfluthrin  
C17H16Cl2F4O3, [2,3,5,6 -tetrafluoro -4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl (1R,3S) -3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-
dimethylcyclopropane -1-carboxylate  
4 Types  
4.1 Tablets for Direct Application (DT ) intended for application without prior dispersal or dissolution in water.  
4.2 Water Dispersible Tablets (WT ) intended for application after disintegration and dispersion in water by 
conventional spraying equipment.  
4.3 Water Soluble  Tablets (ST ) intended for application after dissolution in water by conventional spraying 
equipment. STs contain an active ingredient which is totally soluble in water . 
5 Requirements  
5.1 General requirements  
5.1.1 The Product  shall consist of a homogeneous mixture of active ingredients, in the form of tablets, 
together with carriers.  
5.1.2 The formulation shall be of dry, unbroken, free -flowing tablets and shall be free from visible extraneous 
matter.  
5.2 Active ingredient  
5.2.1  Natural repellents  
5.2.1.1 Active ingredients used in natural repellents shall be natural plant based active ingredients  such as 
essential oils or any other  plant extract approved as mosquito repellents.  
5.2.1.2 The manufacturer  shall provide adequate data on the repellence /effica cy of such ingredients /product . 
5.2.1.3 The manufacturer  shall have adequate data justifying the proportion of ingredient(s) for which claims 
are made, used in the product.  
5.2.1.4 The essential oils and other plant extracts used in natural repellents shall be, but not limited to:  
a) Cedarwood oil ; 
b) Tea tree oil ; DRS 393 -7: 2018  
5                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 c) Geranium oil ; 
d) Rosemary oil ; 
e) Lemongrass oil ; 
f) Citronella oil ; 
g) Soybean oil;  
h) Eucalyptus oil ;  
i) Cinnamon oil ; and  
j) Neem oil  
5.2.1.5 The proportion of single or blended essential oil in natural repellent shall be set by the manufacturer in 
accordance with specific standard  (s) of the essential oil used and records shall be availed.  
5.2.1.6 Pyrethrum extracts such as pyrethrin s shall be considered in natural repellents. Th e limits of pyrethrin s 
in natural repellents shall not be less than 0.5 %  and the extract used shall meet the requirements of RS 191.     
5.2.2  Synthetic repellents  
5.2.2.1  Synthetic repellents shall contain synthetic chemical compounds which are able to discourage 
mosquitoes and send them flying or crawling away.  
5.2.2.2  If the synthetic chemical compound is blended with other active ingredient (s), either natural or 
synthetic, the proportion shall be set by the manufacturer based on scientific research a nd records shall be 
availed.  
5.2.2.3  Active ingredients and their content in synthetic repellents shall meet the requirements prescribed in 
table 1.  
Table 1 — Active ingredients content for synthetic repellents  
S/N Active ingredient  % w/w  Limits  Identifica tion method  
1 DEET  5 – 50 Annex A 
2 Permethrin, max  13 Annex B 
3 Transfluthrin , max  1 CIPAC 741  
4 Etoc 0.5 – 1.5 CIPAC 743  
5 Metofluthrin  (S1264) , max  1.82 CIPAC 993  
6 d-Alethrin  (Pynamin Forte), max  5 CIPAC 742  
7 Meperfluthrin , max  0.05 – 0.1 CIPAC 977  
 
5.2.2.4  Synthetic repellents and their active ingredients shall be approved and registered by competent 
authority.   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  6 
 5.3 Specific requirements  
5.3.1  Specific requirements for DT  
5.3.1.1 The product  shall be in the form of tablets for direct application.  
5.3.1.2 The product shall comply with the quality requirements given in table 2. 
Table 2 —Specific requirements for DT  
S/N Parameters  Requirements  Test methods  
i.  Tablet dose unif ormity  AQL of 3.5  ISO 2859  
ii.  Uniformity of mass, % 
w/w (deviation in 20 
tablets)  Less than 80 mg  ± 10, minimum 18  tablets  International 
pharmacopoeia  ± 20, maximum 2 tablets  
80 mg to 250 mg  ± 7.5, minimum 18 tablets  
± 15, maximum 2 tablets  
More than 250 mg  ± 5, minimum 18 tablets  
± 10, maximum 18 tablets  
iii.  Water content, g/kg  20 CIPAC MT 30.5  
iv.  pH 5 – 7  CIPAC 75.3  
v.  Acidity as H 2SO 4, g/kg, max  4 CIPAC 191  
vi.  Alkalinity as NaOH, g/kg, max  8 
vii.  Table integrity  No broken tablets  Visual  
viii.  Tablet hardness, kg/cm2 3.0 - 4.2   International 
pharmacopoeia  
ix.  Degree of attrition , % by mass, max  1 CIPAC MT 193  
5.3.2  Specific requirements for WT 
5.3.2.1  The product  shall be in the form of tablets for use after disintegration and dispersion in water.  
5.3.2.2  The product shall co nform to the quality requirements given in table 3.  
Table 3 — Specific requirements for WT  
S/N Parameters  Requirements  Test methods  
i.  Water content, g/kg, max  20 CIPAC MT 30.5  
ii.  pH 5 – 7  CIPAC MT 75.3  
iii.  Acidity as H 2SO 4, g/kg, max  4 CIPAC MT 191  
 iv.  Alkalinity as NaOH, g/kg, max  6 
v.  Disintegration time, minutes, max  3 International 
pharmacopoeia  
vi.  Wet sieve test  (75 μm test sieve), % w/w, max  95 CIPAC MT 185  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
7                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 vii.  Suspensibility, % w/w, min.  70 CIPAC MT 184  
viii.  Persistent foam (after 1 min), m L, max.  50 CIPAC MT 47.2  
ix.  Degree of attrition , % w/w, max.  2 CIPAC MT 193  
5.3.3  Specific requirements for ST 
6.3.3.1  The product shall be in the form of tablets for use after disintegration and dissolution in water.  
6.3.3.2  The product shall comply with the quality requirements given in table 4.  
Table 4 — Specific requirements for ST  
S/N Parameters  Requirements  Test methods  
i.  Water content, g/kg, max  100 CIPAC MT 30.5  
ii.  pH 5 – 7  CIPAC 75.3  
iii.  Acidity as H 2SO4, g/kg, max  4 CIPAC MT 1 91 
iv.  Alkalinity as NaOH, g/kg, max  6 
v.  Disintegration time, minutes, max  3 International 
pharmacopoeia  
vi.  Degree of dissolution 
and solution 
stability, % by mass, 
max.  after 5 min on a 75 
μm test sieve  Tite CIPAC MT 179  
after 18 h on a 75 μm 
test sieve  Tite 
vii.  Wet sieve test ( 75 μm  sieve test ), % w/w, max.  2 CIPAC MT 185  
viii.  Persistent foam (after 1 min), m L, max.  50 CIPAC MT 47.2  
ix.  Table t integrity  No broken tablets  Visual  
x.  Degree of attrition, % w/w, max.  2 CIPAC MT 193 
5.4 Storage stability  
Stability at elevated temperature : After storage at 54 ±  2ºC for 14 days, the determined average active 
ingredient content shall not be lower than 95% relative to the determined average content found before storage 
and the formulation shall continue to co nform to  the requirements of the product.  The storage stab ility shall be 
tested in accordance with CIPAC MT 46.3.  
5.5 Biological efficacy  
5.5.1 When tested in accordance with DRS 394 -2, the product shall repel 100 % of the mosquitoes available 
in space, within  protection time indicated by the manufacturer.  
5.5.2 The protection time of the product shall be indicated on the label.   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  8 
 6 Sampling  
Random samples of the product shall be drawn for test in accordance with RS ISO 2859 -1 from the market, 
factory  or anywhere else . 
7 Packaging and labelling  
7.1 Packaging  
The product  shall b e packaged in a container which offers protection and maintains the integrity of the 
product . 
7.2 Labelling  
The containers shall be securely closed and in addition to the labelling requirements of RS 91, the following 
information shall be legibly  and indelibly  marked on the container:  
 
a) name of the product;  
b) indication of the source of manufacture;  
c) batch number;  
d) date of manufacture;  
e) date of expiration;  
f) total number of tablets  in the container ; 
g) name and content of active ingredient  (s); 
h) protection time;  
i) directions  for use;  
j) special p opulation  whose exposure is prohibited (children and pregnant women)  ; and  
k) storage conditions . DRS 393 -7: 2018  
9                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 Annex  A 
(normative)  
 
Determination of DEET content  
A.1 General  
The sample is dissolved in carbon disulfide and the difference in absorbance at 14.18 µm and at 14.48 µm is 
determined. The quantity of meta -isomer is obtained from this value by means of a calibration curve prepared 
by the use of a reference standard.  
A.2 Apparatus  
F.2.1  Double -beam infrared spectrophotometer. Perkin -Elmer model 21 or equivalent.  
F.2.2  Two equivalent infrared absorption cells, with sodium chloride windows and a path length of 
approximately 0.4 mm.  
A.3 Preparation of calibration curve  
F.3.1 Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg) into four volumetric flasks sufficient amounts of the reference DE ET 
standard of known  purity to give concentrations of approximately 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L when dissolved in carbon 
disulfide.  
F.3.2  Fill the reference cell with carbon disulfide and the sample cell with each of the standard solutions in 
turn, and record th e spectra. The spectrum may be scanned rapidly, except for the region 12 – 15 µm, where a 
normal speed should be used. Carry out a blank measurement with carbon disulfide to correct for any inequality 
in the paired cells and to determine whether a cell cor rection is required.  
F.3.3 Measure the absorbance at 14.18 µm and at 14.48 µm and calculate the difference between these 
value s, ΔA, for each of the solutions. Plot the values of ΔA against the concentration (g/l) of the meta -isomer.  
 
F.3.4  If a cell correction is required, the value of ΔA is determined from the formula:  
 
  ΔA = [A 14.18 – A14.48]ref. - [A14.48]blank 
 
  Where ref. = determination with reference standard  
    blank = determination on CS 2 blank  
 
A.4 Procedure  
Weigh (to the nearest 0. 1 mg) about 0.5 g of the sample, transfer quantitatively to a 10 mL volumetric flask, 
and make up to the mark with carbon disulfide. Measure the infrared absorption at 14.18 μm and 14.48 μm 
using the same conditions as described in section A.3. Determine t he concentration of meta -isomer by 
comparing this value with the calibration curve. A standard sample should be run each day to check the 
calibration of the instrument.   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  10 
 A.5 Calculation  
DEET content (g/kg) =𝐶1 𝑥 𝑃 
𝐶2 
Where,  
 C1 = concentration (g/L) of standard DEET found from calibration curve  
 C2 = concentration (g/L) of sample taken  
   P = purity (g/kg) of the reference standard.  
 
 
 
  DRS 393 -7: 2018  
11                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 Annex  B 
(normative)  
 
Determination of permethrin  
Permethrin as one of t he active ingredient s in this product may be determined using HPLC by injecting a solution 
of analyte into a chromatograph, followed by separation and comparison of peak areas of the analyte in the 
sample with that of an external standard.  
B.1 Reagents  
Cis – Permethrin, 99%  
Trans - Perm ethrin, 99%  
Methanol HPLC grade  
Water, HPLC grade  
B.2 Apparatus  
An HPLC equipped with an autosampler, a variable wavelenght detector (or equivalent) and a column 
(phenomena x, 250 x 4.6mm Luna Phenyl 5μ Reverse phase (or equivalent)  
B.3 Operating conditions  
Flow rate 1.0mL/min  
Solvent composition  60% : 40% (Methanol: Water)  
Elution  Isocratic  
Column temperature  40oC  
Wavelength  240nm  
Injection volume  25 μL  
Stop time  50 minutes  
Post time  2 minutes  
 
B.4 Procedure  
B.4.1 Preparation of standard solution  
Weigh about  0.001g (to the nearest 0.0001g) Permethrin standard in beaker, use methanoldissolved and 
transfer them into a separate volumetric flasks (50 ml), dilute to the mark and mix well.  
B.4.2 Preparation of Solution   
©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved                  12 
 Weigh about 0.02 g (to the nearest 0.0001g) Pe rmethrin test sample into beaker, use methanol dissolved and 
transfer them into a separate volumetric flasks (50 ml), dilute to the mark and mix well.  
B.4.3 Determination  
After the chromatograph is stable, make a minimum of three injections of the standard  as well as for the sample 
and average the area counts. The relative standard deviation between injections should be within 2%.  
B.5 Calculation  
The % of either cis or trans isomers is calculated as follows;  
%𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑡 ℎ𝑟𝑖𝑛 =𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔 𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 ×𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔 ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑠𝑡𝑑 ×𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 (𝑖𝑛%)
Average  std area  × weight  of sample 
Report the concentration of permethrin as the total of Cis and Trans . 
 DRS 393 -7: 2018  
13                ©RSB 2018 - All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
[1] Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pest icides, November 2010, 2nd 
Edition.  
[2] Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 19th Edition, 2012, volume I  
[3] The International Pharmacopoeia, Seventh edition, 2017  
 
 
 DRS 393 -7: 2018  
ICS 65.100  
 
 
©RSB 2018 - All right s reserved