RESTRICTED  
  
S/C/W/380  
 
3 December 2018  
(18-7647) Page: 1/94 
Council for Trade in Services  Original: English  
 
COMMUNICATION FROM T HE UNITED KINGDOM OF  GREAT BRITAIN  
AND NORTHERN IRELAND  
CERTIFICATION OF SCH EDULE OF SPECIFIC CO MMITMENTS  
The following communication has been submitted to the WTO  Secretariat by the United Kingdom of 
Great Britain and Northern Ireland (hereafter the ‘UK’) with a request to initiate the certification 
procedure regarding the UK Schedule of Specific Commitments under the GATS pursuant to the 
"Procedures for the Certif ication of Rectifications or Improvements to Schedules of Specific 
Commitments" (S/L/84). Accordingly, if no objections1 are communicated to the Secretariat within 
45 days from the date of this communication, the certification procedure shall be concluded and the 
enclosed UK Schedule shall be certified.  
 
_______________  
 
 
The enclosed UK Schedule of specific commitments (hereafter the 'UK Schedule ') has been submitted 
to the WTO Secretariat by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ( herea fter the 
'UK') with a request to initiate its certification in accordance with paragraph 1 of the Procedures for 
the Certification of Rectifications or Improvements to Schedules of Specific Commitments (S/L/84 
of 18 April 2000).  
 
This communication consist s of four parts:  
 
• Part I: Note requesting the initiation of the certification procedure and setting out the 
background and the legal basis of the certification procedure  
 
• Part II: Explanatory note on the changes of a purely technical character reflected in the 
UK Schedule (pursuant to paragraph 1 of S/L/84)  
 
• Part III: UK Schedule indicating the technical changes2  
 
• Part IV: Clean version of the UK Schedule3 
 
_______________  
 
 
                                                
1 In accordance with paragraph 2 of document S/L/84, any Member wishing to object to the certification 
shall submit a notification to that effect to the Secretariat for circulation to all Members, to the extent possible 
identifying the specific elements of the modifications which gave rise to that objection.  
2 In English only.  
3 In English only.  S/C/W/380  
 
- 2 - 
 
  PART I  
NOTE REQUESTING THE INITIATION OF THE CE RTIFICATION PROCEDUR E AND  
SETTING OUT THE BACK GROUND AND THE LEGAL  BASIS OF  
THE CERTIFICATION PR OCEDURE.  
1. The UK triggered Article 50 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union on 29 
March 2017. As a res ult, the UK now seeks to separate its GATS commitments from those of the EU 
and its Member States. This is the UK 's purpose in initiating this certification procedure.  
2. As laid out in the joint letter of 11 October 2017 from the Permanent Representative of the 
United Kingdom and the Permanent Representative of the European Union to the Permanent 
Representatives of the WTO, this UK Schedule replicates the concessions and commitments 
applicable to the United Kingdom included in the following schedule of specif ic commitments, and 
supplements  (collectively, the 'EU Schedule '):  
• Schedule of Specific Commitments of the European Communities and its Member States 
(doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994) – GATS/SC/31 ;  
• Schedule of Specific Commitments of the European Communities  and its Member States, 
Supplement 2 (doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.2 of 28 July 1995) - GATS/SC/31/Suppl.2 ;  
• Schedule of Specific Commitments of the European Communities and its Member States, 
Supplement 3 (doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.3 of 11 April 1997) - GATS/SC/31/Suppl. 3;  
• Schedule of Specific Commitments of the European Communities and its Member States, 
Supplement 4, Revision (doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1 of 18  November  1999) - 
GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1 . 
3. Pursuant to paragraph 1 of  S/L/84, an explanatory note on the changes of a purely technical 
character that do not alter the scope or the substance of the existing commitments, and which are 
not resulting from action under the procedures for implementation of Article XXI of the GATS , is 
annexed.  
4. The UK is prepared , upon request , to enter into consultations with any WTO member that 
makes an objection under paragraph 2 of S/L/84. With a view to ensuring effective consultations, 
the UK would ask that any objecting Member identifies, to the extent possible, the specific elements 
which g ive rise to th eir objection.  
5. If no objections are communicated to the Secretariat within 45 days from the date of  
circulation of the UK Schedule, this certification procedure shall be considered as  conclude d, and the 
UK Schedule shall enter into force on a date to be specified by the UK.1  
 
_______________  
 
                                                
1 The date of application to be specified will not be earlier than the date of expiry of any transition 
period agreed between the European Union and the United Kingd om pursuant to Article 50 of the Treaty on 
European Union, or in the absence of such period , 30 March 2019.  S/C/W/380  
 
- 3 - 
 
  PART II  
EXPLANATORY NOTE ON CHANGES OF A PURELY TECHNICAL CHARACTER  
(PURSUANT TO PARAGRA PH 1 OF S/L/84)  
1. The authentic texts reflecting the UK 's current commitments are the EU Schedule. Therefore, 
these are the documents that have been used as a starting point for preparing the UK Schedule. The 
principle underlying the preparation of the UK Schedule is that the UK is bound by the commitments 
it undertook in the EU Schedule. The UK also wishes to reflect changes for presentational clarity and 
commitments it offered to WTO Members as part of the EU -25 Schedule of commitments (S/C/W/273 
Corr.1 & Add.1 ). The EU -25 Schedule (not currently in force) was  certified by the WTO and ratified 
by the UK. As this is a technical exercise, the appropriate procedure to use is that set down in 
S/L/84.  
2. Pursuant to paragraph 1 of S/L/84 , the present note aims  at indicating, for the UK Schedule , 
the rectifications and improvements (hereafter "the technical changes "), which do not reduce the 
scope or the substance of the existing commitments.  
3. To facilitate examination,  the present note describes in a systematic manner the technical 
changes which have been undertaken to s eparate the UK 's GATS commitments from those of the EU 
and its Member States.  
4. The present note will describe successively: ( I) the general technical changes ; (II) the 
technical changes  made to horizontal entries; (III) the technical changes made to sector -specific 
entries ; and (IV) the technical changes to the additional commitments . In order to ensure 
transparency, whenever possible, page r eferences to the EU Schedule  are provided in the footnotes 
to this note. When page reference s to the UK Schedule  are provided , these  are to the UK Schedule 
in Part III indicating the technical changes . 
5. For presentational clarity, commitments or reservations which apply exclusively to other EU 
Member States have been deleted and do not appear in the draft UK Schedule.  The  draft UK 
Schedule has then been tracked to clearly show each instance where technical changes have been 
made.  
6. The present note is not an annex to the UK Schedule and does not prejudice the  position of 
the UK with regard to  the legal interpretation of GATS and GATS schedules.  
1  GENERAL TECHNICAL CH ANGES  
1.1  DELETION OR REPLACEMENT OF OBSOLETE OR INAPPROPRIATE REFERENCES  
1.1.  Once the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be appropriate for the UK Schedule to make 
reference to the EU, th e EU Treaties, EU legislation made under those Treaties, or commitments or 
reservations made by EU Member States. This is because the UK will no longer be a party to the EU 
Treaties or a Member of the EU, and will, therefore, be able to undertake commitmen ts only with 
respect to treatment afforded within its own territory. Similarly, once the UK leaves the EU, the 
appropriate comparator for assessing national treatment, will be UK nationals rather than EU 
nationals.  
1.2.  As a result:  
• references to the "EC", the "EEA" or to "member states " have been deleted, or replaced 
with references to the "UK" (as appropriate ); 
• references to EU legislation have been deleted ; and  S/C/W/380  
 
- 4 - 
 
  • references to "third countries " have generally been replaced with references to "other WTO 
Members ", as the former term is used in the EU Schedule  to draw a distinction between 
EU Member States and other countries . 
2  TECHNICAL CHANGES TO  THE HORIZONTAL PART  
2.1  HEADINGS  
2.1.  Certain subheadings have been introduced to the horizontal commitments1 in the Market 
Access and National Treatment columns  (pages 9-11), including:  
Public Utilities  
Legal Entities  
Investments  
Real Estate Purchases  
Exchange Regime  
 
Explanation : These subheadings were added to the EU -25 Schedule. They modify the presentation 
of the horizontal part of the schedule to better organise the description and listing of the 
corresponding limitations. In accordance with the principles underlying this exercise, they have, 
therefore, also been added here.  
 
2.2  PUBLIC UTILITIES  
2.2.  The following words have been ad ded to the explanatory note of the Mode 3 market access 
reservation concerning public utilities2 (page 9) : 
This limitation does not apply to telecommunications and to computer and related services.  
 
Explanation : This wording was added in the EU -25 Schedule , thus limiting the scope of the 
reservation. In accordance with the principles underlying this exercise, it has, therefore, also been 
added here.   
 
2.3  COMMERCIAL PRESENCE  
2.3.  The Mode 3 national treatment reservation concerning subsidiaries, branches and 
agenci es3 has been amended to remove the following paragraph  (page 9) :  
However, this does not prevent a Member State from extending this treatment to branches 
or agencies established in another Member State by a third -country company or firm, as 
regards their o peration in the first Member State's territory, unless such extension is 
explicitly prohibited by Community law.  
 
Explanation : Once the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be a party to the EU Treaties and it will no 
longer be appropriate to refer to the t reatment of branches established in the EU under EU law .   
 
2.4  MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS  
2.4.  The formatting of the UK 's commitments in Movement of Natural Persons has been adjusted 
to reflect the way they are presented in the EU -25 Schedule. These changes include the introduction 
of subheadings that clearly distinguish the three categories of natural persons  covered under  
mode 4, and corresponding references to them in the sectoral commitments:  
Intra Corporate Transfers (ICT)  
Business Visitors (BV)  
Contractual Service Suppliers (CSS)  
 
                                                
1 See pages 2 -6 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
2 See page 2 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
3 See page 2 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1 994. S/C/W/380  
 
- 5 - 
 
  Explanation : These subtitles were introduced to improve the clarity and the transparency of the 
presentation of the commitments throughout the EU -25 Schedule. In accordance with the principles 
underlying this exercise, they have, therefore, also been added here.  
 
2.5.  The following Mode 4 national treatment reservation concerning the mutual recognition of 
diplomas4 has been deleted  (page 11) :  
EC directives on mutual recognition of diplomas do not apply to nationals of third countries. 
Recognition of the diplomas which are required in order to practise regulated professional 
services by non -Community nationals remains within the competence of each Member State, 
unless Community law provides otherwise.  The right to practise a regulated professional 
service in one Member Stat e does not grant the right to practise in another Member State.  
 
Explanation : Once the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be a party to the EU Treaties and it will no 
longer be appropriate to refer to requirements concerning recognition of diplomas under EU law.  
 
2.6.  When incorporating the Mode 4 market access commitments on contractual services 
suppliers5 into the UK Schedule  (pages 16 -17), the UK has omitted references to: (a) computer 
and related services; (b) research and development services; (c) higher education services; (d) 
travel agency and tour operator services; (e) entertainment services; (f) services related to the sale 
of equipment or to the assignment of a patent.  
Explanation : These sectors have been omitted from the horizontal commitments of th e UK on 
contractual service suppliers, as the UK, unlike other EU Member States, is unbound in respect of 
market access for contractual service suppliers in these sectors.  
 
3  TECHNICAL CHANGES  TO THE SECTOR -SPECI FIC COMMITMENTS  
Various  
 
3.1.  The following footnot e has been deleted from those sector -specific commitments6 in which the 
mode 1 limitation is listed as unbound*  (pages 31 -32, 36, 39 -40, 42, 44 -45, 47) : 
A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible  
 
Explanation : The specific commitments remain uncha nged and the rights of members are 
unaffected. This technical change was made in the EU -25 Schedule, and so in accordance with the 
principles underlying this exercise, it has been reflected here.  
 
3.2.  The footnote s7 indicating that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of 
activities covered by the CPC concordance  (pages 21, 33, 46 -47), have been replaced by the addition 
of the following words within the brackets referencing the CPC code : 
Part of  
 
Explanation : This technical change was made  in the EU-25 Schedule , and the UK has chosen to apply 
throughout the Schedule  to ensure consistency in how partial CPC codes are referenced. The 
commitment s are unchanged and the rights of members are un affected.  
 
1. BUSINESS SERVICES  
 
A. Professional Services  
 
3.3.  The following exclusion (page 17) has been deleted from the commitment on legal advice 
home country law and public international law8:  
                                                
4 See page 8 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
5 See pages 4 -5 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl. 2 of 28 July 1995.  
6 See pages 46, 51, 58 -60, 81, 86, 88, 92  of doc. GATS/SC/31  of 15 April 1994.  
7 See pages 23, 26, 49, 89, 93 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April  1994.  
8 See page  12 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  S/C/W/380  
 
- 6 - 
 
  (excluding EC law)  
 
Explanation : Once the UK leaves the EU , it will no longer be appropriate or necessary to exclude EU 
law from the scope of the commitment concerning legal advice on home country law and public 
international law.   
 
3.4.  The following requirement has been deleted from the Mode 4 market access reservati on 
concerning contractual services suppliers in the integrated engineering services sector9 (page 
20): 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
 
Explanation : The reservation allowing the UK to apply an economic needs test to contractual service 
suppliers in the integrated engineering sector was deleted in the EU -25 Schedule. In accordance 
with the principles underlying this exercise, it has, therefore, also been deleted here.  
 
3.5.  The footnote to the commitment in Other - Related Scientific Technica l Consulting 
Services10 has been clarified (page 22) to read : 
The service  involved excludes related scientific and technical consulting services on operation 
of mines, etc.  
 
Explanation : The words "related scientific and technical consulting services on " were added to the 
footnote in the EU -25 Schedule. Consistently with CPC 8675, this clarifies that the footnote refers to 
services related to mines, rather than the operation of mines themselves, which do not fall within 
the scope of professional services.  The commitment, and members ' rights, are unaffected. According 
to the principles underlying this exercise, the words have been included here.  
 
E. Rental / Leasing Services without Operators  
 
3.6.  In the Mode 2 market access reservation concerning rental/leasi ng services without 
operators relating to aircraft11, references to the "Community " and its "Member States " have 
been changed to references to the UK  (page 25) . 
2) Aircraft used by UK air carriers have to be registered in the UK. Waivers can be granted 
for short term lease contracts or under exceptional circumstances.  
 
Explanation : It is not appropriate for the UK Schedule to reference Mode 2 supply of services to EU 
consumers; it should address the Mode 2 supply of services to UK consumers. Therefore, the 
reservation has been amended to refer to "UK carriers ".  
 
After leaving the EU, the UK commitments will be limited to UK territory. Therefore, the reservation 
has been amended to refer to "aircraft…registered in the UK ".  
 
2.C TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES  
 
3.7.  The presentation of the UK 's commitments in Telecommunications services12 has been 
amended (pages 33 -35) to reflect the drafting in the EU -25 Schedule. The entire section has been 
reorganised, but the scope and substance of the UK 's existing commitments is unchanged.  
Explanation : The UK 's commitments in Telecommunications were reorganised in the EU -25 
Schedule. In accordance with the principles underlying this exercise, the updated presentation has 
been reflected here.  
 
                                                
9 See page  8 of doc. GATS/SC/31 /Suppl.2  of 28 July 1995 . 
10 See page 29 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
11 See page 35 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
12 See pages 2 -7 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl. 3 of 11 April 1997.  
 S/C/W/380  
 
- 7 - 
 
  7. FINANCIA L SERVICES  
 
3.8.  The following explanatory footnote  to the introductory wording for the financial services sector 
commitments13, concerning the need for branches  to obtain separate authorisation to operate 
in each EU Member State , has been deleted  (page 40) : 
Unlike foreign subsidiaries, branches established directly in a Member State by a 
non-Community financial institution are not, with certain limited exceptions, subject to 
prudential regulations harmonized at Community level which enable such subsidiaries to 
benefit from enhanced facilities to set up new establishments and to provide cross -border 
services throughout the Communities. Therefore, such branches receive an authorization to 
operate in the territory of a Member State under conditions equivalent to th ose applied to 
domestic financial institutions of that Member State, and may be required to satisfy a number 
of specific prudential requirements such as, in the case of banking and securities, separate 
capitalization and other solvency requirements and rep orting and publication of accounts 
requirements or, in the case of insurance, specific guarantee and deposit requirements, a 
separate capitalization, and the localization in the Member State concerned of the assets 
representing the technical reserves and a t least one -third of the solvency margin. Member 
States may apply the restrictions indicated in this schedule only with regard to the direct 
establishment from a third country of a commercial presence or to the provision of 
cross-border services from a thi rd country; consequently, a Member State may not apply these 
restrictions, including those concerning establishment, to third country subsidiaries established 
in other Member States of the Communities, unless these restrictions can also be applied to 
compa nies or nationals of other Member States in conformity with Community law.  
 
Explanation : The footnote is specific to the functioning and legislation of the EU. It will not be 
appropriate for the UK Schedule to replicate this.  
 
3.9.  In the Mode 3 market access reservation concerning banking and other financial services14, 
the references to the "UCITS Directive " have been deleted  (page 41) . 
Explanation : Once  the UK leaves the EU, it  will no longer be appropriate to refer to  the "UCITS  
Directive " (although the UCITS Directive has been implemented in UK law). The UK considers that 
the unchanged description of the limitation is clear, and, therefore, in accordance with paragraphs 
38 and 40  of the Guidelines for the Scheduling of Specific Commitments under GATS (S/L/92) , the 
UK Schedule does not include a reference to legislation.  
 
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES  
 
F. Road Transport Services  
 
3.10.   The following words have been deleted (page 46) from the Mode 3 market access reservation 
concerning road tra nsport services – passenger transportation15:  
"as from 1996 ". 
 
Explanation : As 1996 has passed, these words have been deleted for the sake of clarity. This does 
not alter the scope or substance of the UK 's commitment.  
 
3.11.   The following words have been deleted (page 46) from the Mode 3 market access and national 
treatment commitment concerning road transport services – freight transportation16:  
3) For transport within a Member State by a carrier established in another Member  State:  
unbound.  
 
Explanation : When the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be appropriate to maintain a reservation 
in the UK Schedule concerning the operation of carriers as between EU Member States.  
                                                
13 See page 61 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
14 See page 71 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
15 See page 89 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 April 1994.  
16 See page 91 of doc. GATS/SC/31 of 15 Apr il 1994.  S/C/W/380  
 
- 8 - 
 
  4  TECHNICAL CHANGES  TO THE ADDITIONAL C OMMITMENTS  
FINAN CIAL SERVICES  
 
A. Insurance  
 
4.1.  The following entry has been deleted from the additional commitments on financial services17:  
a) The European Communities and their Member States note the close co -operation 
among the insurance regulatory and supervisory authorities of the Member States and 
encourage their efforts to promote improved supervisory standards.  
 
Explanation : This paragraph notes and encourages cooperation between the EU and its Member 
States. It is not appropriate to include such statements in the UK Schedule.  
 
4.2.  The following entry has been deleted from the additional commitments on financial services18:  
d) The European Communities and their Member States will make their best endeavours 
to examine any questions pertaining to the smooth operation of the internal market in 
insurance, and consider any issues that might have an impact on the internal market 
in insura nce.  
 
Explanation : This paragraph makes commitments  which are only applicable to the European Union 
and its Member States and , therefore , it is not appropriate to include this in the UK Schedule . 
 
4.3.  The following words have been deleted from the additional commitments on financial services 
in the paragraphs concerning motor insurance19:  
under EC law as in force on 31 December 1997 .  
 
Explanation : Once the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be appropriate to refer to EU law. Without 
prejudice to future legis lation, the current position, as a matter of UK law, remains that premiums 
may be calculated taking several risk factors into account, that prior approval by national supervisory 
authorities of policy conditions and scales of premiums is generally not requ ired, and that prior 
approval of increases in premium rates by national supervisory authorities is generally not required.  
 
B. Other Financial Services  
 
4.4.  The following words have been deleted from the additional commitments on financial services 
in the para graphs in which the UK commits to use its best endeavours to consider complete 
applications for licences to conduct banking and investment services within 12 months and 6 months 
respectively20: 
In application of the relevant EC Directives  
 
and 
 
as defined in the Investment Services Directive  
 
Explanation : When the UK leaves the EU, it will no longer be appropriate to refer to EU legislation in 
the UK Schedule. In any event, omitting general references to such legislation is consistent with 
paragraph 38 of t he GATS Scheduling Guidelines.  
 
_______________  
                                                
17 See page 18 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1  
18 See page 18 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1  
19 See page 18 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1  
20 See pages 18 -19 of doc. GATS/SC/31/Suppl.4/Rev.1   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 9 - PART III  
UK SCHEDULE INDICATING THE TECHN ICAL CHANGES  
 
UNITED KINGDOM OF GR EAT BRITAIN AND NORT HERN IRELAND – SCHED ULE OF SPECIFIC COMM ITMENTS  
1. The rights and obligations arising from t he GATS, including the schedule of commitments, shall have no self -executing effect and thus confer no rights 
directly to individual natural persons or juridical persons.  
 
Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS  
ALL SECTORS INCLUDED IN 
THIS SCHEDULE  Public Utilities  
 
3) Services considered as public utilities at a 
national or local level may be subject to public 
monopolies or to exclusive rights gra nted to private 
operators.1  
   
 Legal Entities  
 
3) None  
 Legal Entities  
 
a) Limitations on branches, agencies and 
representative offices  
3) a) Treatment accorded to subsidiaries (of third-
country  companies of another WTO Member ) formed 
in accordance with the UK law of a Member State  and 
having their registered office, central administration 
or principal place of business within the Communities  
UK is not extended to branches or agencies  
established in a Member State  the UK  by a third-
country company  of another WTO Member . However, 
this does not prevent a Member State from extending 
this treatment to branches or agencies established in 
another Mem ber State by a third -country company 
or firm, as regards their operation in the first Member 
State's territory, unless such extension is explicitly 
prohibited by Community law.   
                                                
1 Explanatory Note: Public utilities exist in sectors such as related scientific and technical consulting services, R&D service s on social sciences and humanities, technical 
testing and analysis services, environmental services, health services, transport s ervices and services auxiliary to all modes of transport. Exclusive rights on such services are often 
granted to private operators, for instance operators with concessions from public authorities, subject to specific service ob ligations. Given that public utilities often also exist at the 
sub-central level, detailed and exhaustive sector -specific scheduling is not practical. This limitation does not apply to telecommunications and to computer and related services.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 10 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
  b)   Limitations on Subsidiaries  
3)  
b) Treatment less favourable may be  
accorded to subsidiaries (of third-country  companies  
of another WTO Member ) formed in accordance with 
the UK law of a Member State  which have only their 
registered office in the territory of the 
Communities UK, unless it can be shown that they 
possess an ef fective and continuous link with the 
economy  of the UK of one of the Member States . 
 
b) c) Limitations additional to those under 
a) and b)  
 
3) None  
 
4) None  
  
  Subsidies : 
 
3) None, other than  for branches established in a 
Member State  the UK  by a non-Community company  
of another WTO Member . Eligibility for subsidies from 
the Communities or Member States may be limited 
to juridical persons established within the territory of 
a Member State the UK  or a particular geographical 
sub-division thereof. Unb ound for subsidies for 
research and development. The supply of a service, 
or its subsidisation, within the public sector is not in 
breach of this commitment.  
 
4) To the extent that any subsidies are made 
available to natural persons, their availability may be 
limited to nationals of a Member State of the 
Communities the UK .  
  
 Investments  
 
3) None  
 
Real Estate Purchases  
 
None Investments  
 
3) None  
 
Real Estate Purchases  
 
None   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 11 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 Exchange Regime  
 
1), 2) None  
 Exchange Regime  
 
4) None   
 Categories of natural persons covered under 
Mode 4  
 
4) Unbound except for measures concerning the 
entry into and temporary stay2 within a Member 
State the UK , without requiring compliance with an 
economic needs test,3 of the following categories of 
natural persons providing services:  
 Categories of natural persons covered under 
Mode 4  
 
4) Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to in the 
Market Access column. as indicated below.   
 (i) Intra -corporate transfers (ICT):  
 
i)  Access is subject to the following conditions.  
 
- the natural person concerned must work within a 
juridical person other than a non profit making  
organisation, established in the territory of a WTO 
member and have been employed by it or have 
been a partner in it (other than as a majority 
shareholder) for at least the year immediately 
preceding the date of admission.  
- the natural person is temporar ily transferred in 
the context of the provision of a service through 
commercial presence in the territory of the UK.  
- the natural person is temporarily transferred in 
the context of the provision of a service through 
commercial presence in the UK.  
- the juridical person concerned must have their 
principal place of business in the territory of a WTO 
Member other than the  UK and the transfer must 
be to an establishment (subsidiary, branch, office) 
of that juridical person, effectively providing like 
servic es in the territory of the UK.  (i) Intra -corporate transfers  (ICT) : 
 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.  
 
EC Directives on mutual recognition of diplomas do 
not apply to nationals of third countries. Recognition 
of the diplomas which are required in order to 
practice regulated professional services by non -
Community nationals remains within the competence 
of ea ch Member State, unless Community law 
provides otherwise. The right to practice a regulated 
professional service in one Member State does not 
grant the right to practise in another Member State.  
  
                                                
2 All other requirements of the UK’s laws a nd regulations regarding entry, stay, work and social security measures shall continue to apply, including regulations concer ning 
period of stay, minimum wages as well as collective wage agreements.  The duration of “temporary stay” is defined by the Member  States and, where they exist, Community laws 
and regulations regarding entry, stay and work. The precise duration can vary according to the different categories of natura l persons mentioned in this schedule.  
3 All other requirements of Community and Membe r States’ laws and regulations regarding entry, stay, work and social security measures shall continue to apply including 
regulations concerning period of stay, minimum wages as well as collective wage agreements.  
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 12 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 
 - the natural person concerned must belong to one 
of the following categories:  
the temporary presence, as intra -corporate 
transferee,4 of natural persons in the following 
categories, provided that the service supplier is a 
juridical person and that the persons concerned 
have been employed by it or have been part ners in 
it (other than as majority shareholders), for at least 
the year immediately preceding such movement:  
   
 a) Persons working in a senior position within a 
juridical person, who primarily direct the 
management of the establishment, receiving 
general supervision or direction principally 
from the board of directors or stockholders of 
the business or their equivalent, including:  
 
- directing the establishment or a 
department or sub -division of the 
establishment;  
- supervising and controlling the work of 
other supervisory, professional or 
managerial employees;  
- having the authority personally to hire 
and fire or recommend hiring, firing or 
other personnel actions.  
   
                                                
4 An "intra -corporate transferee" is defin ed as a natural person working within a juridical person, other than a non -profit making organisation, established in the territory of 
an WTO Member, and being temporarily transferred in the context of the provision of a service through commercial presence  in the territory of a Community Member State ; the 
juridical persons concerned must have their principle place of business in the territory of a WTO Member other than the UK an d the transfer must be to an establishment (office, 
branch or subsidiary) of tha t juridical person, effectively providing like services in the territory of a Member State to which the EEC Treaty applies.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 13 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 b) Persons working within a juridical person who 
possess uncommon knowledge essential to 
the establishment's service, research 
equipment, techniques or management. In 
assessing such knowledge, account will be 
taken not only of knowledge specific to the 
establishment, but also of whether the person 
has a high level of qualification referring to a 
type of work or trade requiring specific 
technical knowledge, including membership of 
an accredited profession.  
 
An economic needs test will not be required.  
The duration of "temporary stay " of intra -corporate 
transfers is defined by the UK laws and regulations 
regarding entry, stay and work.  
   
 (ii) the temporary presence of natural persons 
in the following categories: Business Visitors 
(BV):  
Entry and temporary stay of the following 
categories is permitted without application of an 
economic needs test:  
 (ii) Business Visitors  (BV) : 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.  
  
 a) Service sellers:  Persons not residing in the 
territory of a Member State to which the EC 
treaties apply the UK , who are representatives 
of a service supplier and are seeking 
temporary entry for the purpose of 
negotiating for the sale of services or entering 
into agreements to sell services for that 
service provider, where those representatives 
will not be engaged in making direct sales to 
the general public or in supplying services 
themselves.  
    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 14 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 b) Establishment of commercial presence:  
Persons working in a senior position, as 
defined in i) a) above, within a juridical 
person, who are responsible for the setting 
up, in a Member State the UK , of a commercial 
presence of a service provider of a nother WTO  
Member when:  
 
- the representatives are  not engaged in 
making direct sale s or supplying services; 
and 
- the service provider has its principal place 
of business in the territory of a nother  
WTO Member other than the 
Communities and their Member States 
and has no other representative, office, 
branch or subsidiary in that Member 
State the UK . 
   
 The duration of "temporary stay " of business 
visitors is defined by the UK laws and regulations 
regarding entry, stay and work.  
   
 (iii) Contractual service suppliers (CSS):  
- Unbound except for measures concerning 
the entry into and temporary stay within 
a Member State of the following category 
of natural persons without requiring 
compliance with an economic needs test 
except where indicated for a specific 
subsector.  
 (iii) Contractual service suppliers  (CSS) : 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 15 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 Access is subject to the following conditions5: 
 
- The natural persons are engaged in the 
supply of a service on a temporary basis as 
employees of a juridical person, who has no 
commercial presence in any Member State of 
the European Community the UK . 
- The juridical person has obtained a service 
contract, fo r a period not exceeding 3 months 
from a final consumer in the Member State 
concerned UK, through an open tendering 
procedure or any other procedure which 
guarantees the bona fide character of the 
contract (e.g. advertisement of the availability 
of the cont ract) where this requirement exists 
or is introduced, pursuant to the laws, 
regulations and requirements of the European 
Community or its Member States UK.   
 - The natural person seeking access should be 
offering such services as an employee of the 
juridica l person supplying the service for at 
least the year immediately preceding such 
movement.  
- The temporary entry and stay within the 
Member State concerned UK shall be for a 
period of not more than three months in any 
12 months period or for the duration of the 
contract, whatever is less.  
- The natural person must possess the 
necessary academic qualifications and 
professional experience as specified for the 
sector or activity concerned in the Member 
State where the service is supplied UK. 
- An economic needs test will not be required 
except where otherwise indicated for a 
specific sub -sector. -   
                                                
5 All other requirements of European Community and Member States’ laws , regulations and requirements regarding entry, stay and work shall continue to apply. The service 
contract shall comply with the laws, regulations and requirements of the European Community and the Member State where the service contract is executed.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 16 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 - The commitment relates only to the service 
activity which is the subject of the contract; it 
does not confer entitlement to exercise the 
professional title of the Member State 
concerned UK. 
- The number of the persons covered by the 
service contract shall not  be larger than 
necessary to fulfil the contract, as it may be 
decided by the laws, regulations and 
requirements of the European Community and 
the Member State where the service is 
supplied UK.    
 - The service contract has to be obtained in one 
of the acti vities mentioned below , subject to a 
specific commitment being undertaken by the 
UK in the sector specific part  and anysubject 
to the  additional conditions mentioned 
therein in the subsector  by the Member State 
concerned:    
 - Legal services  
- Accounting services  
- Taxation advisory services  
- Architectural services, urban 
planning and landscape architectural 
services  
- Engineering services, integrated 
engineering services  
- Computer and related services  
- Research and development services  
- Advertising  
- Management con sulting services  
- Services related to management 
consulting  
- Technical testing and analysis 
services  
- Translation services  
- Construction services, site 
investigation work  
- Higher education services  
- Travel agencies and tour operator 
services  
- Entertainment services     
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 17 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 - Services related to the sale of 
equipment or to the assignment of a 
patent    
II. SECTOR -SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS  
a) BUSINESS SERVICES  
A.    Professional Services  
 
a) Legal advice home country 
law and public international 
law (excluding EC law)   
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section .  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
b) Accounting services 
(CPC 86212 other than 
"auditing services ", 86213, 
86219)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section . 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and  subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' experience in the sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 18 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
b) Auditing services6 
(CPC 86211 and 86212 
other than accounting 
services)  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in  the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Bookkeeping services 
(CPC 86220)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
c) Taxation Advisory Services 
(CPC 863: excluding 
representation in 
Court/tribunals)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section .  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' experience in the sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
                                                
6 Given the fact that commercial presence is required to exercise any auditing activity, the cross -border mode is unbound. Only established statutory auditors can be 
approved by the national professional bodies. Approval is a necessary  pre-condition to exercis ing this activity.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 19 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
d) Architectural Services 
(CPC 8671)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section .  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and  subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
e) Engineering services 
(CPC 8672)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section . 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 20 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
f) Integrated Engineering 
Services (CPC 8673)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section . 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject  to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
g) Urban Planning and 
Landscape Architectural 
Services (CPC 8674)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section . 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professio nal qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 21 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
h) Medical, Dental and 
Midwives Services 
(CPC 9312, part of 
CPC 93191)  
 
  
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Establishment for doctors under the National 
Health Service is subject to medical manpower 
planning.  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
 
 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
i) Veterinary services 
(CPC 932) 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Access through partnership or natural persons 
only. 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
j)  Services provided by 
Nurses, Physiotherapists 
and Paramedical Personnel 
(part of CPC 931917). 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
7 Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 22 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Supply of 
pharmaceutical goods 
to the general public 
(pharmacists)  
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
k) Other  
Related Scientific Technical 
Consulting Services8 
(CPC 8675)  
 1) Unbound for exploration services  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound for exploration services  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Computer and Related 
Services  
 
a) Consultancy Services 
related to the Installation of 
Computer Hardware 
(CPC 841) 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
b) Software Implementation 
Services (CPC 842)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
                                                
8 The service involved excludes related scientific and technical consulting services on  operation of mines, e tc.  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 23 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 CSS 
Unbound  
 CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
c) Data Processing Services 
(CPC 843)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
d) Data Base Services 
(CPC 844) 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
Maintenance and 
Repair (CPC 845)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
e) Other Computer Services 
(CPC 849)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 24 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 CSS 
Unbound  
 CSS 
Unbound   
C. Research and 
Development Services  
 
b) R&D Services on Social 
Sciences and Humanities 
(CPC 852) 
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
D. Real Estate Services9 
a) Involving Own or Leased 
Property (CPC 821).  
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) On a Fee or Contract Basis 
(e.g. Property Evaluation, 
Estate Management, etc.) 
(CPC 822)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
9 The Service involved relates to the profession of real estate agents and does not affect any rights and/or restrictions on na tural and juridical persons purchasing real 
estate.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 25 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
E. Rental/Leasing Services 
Without Operators  
 
a) Relating to ships 
(CPC 83103)  
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Relating to Aircraft 
(CPC 83104)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) Aircraft used by Community UK air carriers have 
to be registered in the Member State licensing the 
air carrier or elsewhere in the Community UK. 
Waivers can be granted for short term lease 
contracts or under exceptional circumstances.  
3) To be registered in the aircraft register of these 
Member States the UK , the aircraft must be owned 
either by natural persons meeting the specific 
nationality criteria or by juridical persons meeting 
specific requirements regarding ownership of 
capital and control (including nationality of 
directors).  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound e xcept as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
 
 
 
 
3) None  
 
 
 
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
c) Relating to Other Transport 
Equipment (CPC 83101, 
83102, 83105)  
 
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 26 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
d) Relating to Other Machinery 
and Equipment 
(CPC 83106, 83107, 
83108, 83109)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Rental Services with 
Operators   
Rental of Vessels with 
Crew (CPC 7213  and, 
7223)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the  horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Rental of Commercial Road 
Vehicles with Operator 
(CPC 7124)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 27 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
F. Other Business Services  
 
a) Advertising (CPC 871)  
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Relevant qualifications and three years ' 
professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
  
b) Market Research and 
Opinion Polling (CPC 864)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 28 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
c) Management Consulting 
Services (CPC 865)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Unbound except for managers and senior 
consultants where: Uuniversity degree and three 
years ' professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
d) Services Related to 
Management Consulting 
(CPC 866)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Unbound ex cept for managers and senior 
consultants where: uUniversity degree and three 
years ' professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal  
section.  
 
 
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 29 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
e) Technical Testing and 
Analysis Services 
(CPC 8676)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific  
limitations:  
 
University degree or technical qualifications 
demonstrating knowledge and three years ' 
professional experience  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the hor izontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
  
f) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to 
Agriculture, Hunting and 
Forestry  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
g) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to Fishing  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 30 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
h) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to Mining  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
k) Placement and Supply 
Services of Personnel  
 
Executive Search 
Services (CPC 87201)  
 
  
 
 
1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Placement Services 
(CPC 87202)  
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Supply Services of 
Office Support 
Personnel (CPC 87203)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 31 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Security Services 
(CPC 87302, 87303, 
87304, 87305)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
n) Maintenance and Repair of 
Equipment (not including 
Maritime Vessels, Aircraft 
or Other Transport 
Equipment) (CPC 633, 
8861, 8866)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
o)  Building -Cleaning Services 
(CPC 874)  
 1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
p) Photographic Services 
(CPC 875 excluding retail)  
 
 1) Unbound * except for aerial photography: Nnone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * except for aerial photography: nNone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 32 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
q) Packaging Services 
(CPC 876) 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
 Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
r) Printing and publishing 
(CPC 88442)  
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
s) Convention Services  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 33 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
t) Other  
 
Translation Services 
(CPC 87905)  
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Relevant qualifications and three years ' 
professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
Interior Design 
Services ( part of  
CPC 87907)10 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
2.C Telecommunications 
services11 
 
All services consisting of the 
transmission and reception of 
signals by any electromagnetic 1) None  
2) None  
3) None15 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  The European Communities 
and their Member States UK 
undertake s the obligations 
contained in the reference 
paper attached in Annex I 
hereto  for the following 
                                                
10 Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.  
11 Footnote for clarification purposes: The UK reserves its right to maintain public partici pation in certain telecommunication operators in the future. This is not a market 
access limitation.  
15 Footnote for clarification purposes: Some EC Member States maintain public participation in certain telecommunication operators. EC Member States reserve their rights 
to maintain such public participation in the future. This is not a market access limitation.  
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 34 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
means12, excluding 
broadcasting13. 
 
These services do not cover the 
economic activity consisting of 
the provision of content which 
require telecommunications 
services for their transport.  
 
Telecommunications services 
are the transport of electro -
magnetic signals – sound, data 
image and any combinations 
thereof, excluding 
broadcasting14. Therefore, 
commitments in this schedule 
do not cover the economic 
activity consisting of content 
provision which require 
telecommunications services for 
its transport. The provision of 
that content, transported via a 
telecommunications service, is 
subject to the specific 
commitments undertaken by 
the Europea n Communities and 
their Member State s in other 
relevant sectors.  
 
  
CSS 
Unbound   
CSS 
Unbound  services: additional 
commitments as contained in 
the attachment, all  parts of 
which are equally binding.  
a) Voice telephone 
services (CPC7521)  
b) Packet -switched 
data transmission 
services (part of 
CPC 7523)  
c) C) Circuit switched 
data transmission 
services (part of 
CPC 7523)  
d) Telex services (part 
of CPC 7523)  
e) Telegraph services 
(CPC 7522)  
f) Facsimile services 
(part of CPC 7521 
+ part of CPC 
7523)  
g) Private leased 
circuit services 
(part of CPC 7522 
+ part of CPC 
7523)  
o) Mobile and 
personal 
communications 
services and 
systems  
                                                
12 Sub-sectors 2.C.h) to 2.C.m) of the Services Sectoral Classification List contained in MTN,GNS/W/120 (value -added services) and Sub -sectors 2.C.a) to  
2.C.g) of that List are included here. Sub -sector 2.C.o) of that List is also included here to the extent that it falls under this definition. For the purpose of this  
Schedule, sub -sector 2.C.n) of that List ('On -line information and/or data processing (inclu ding transaction processing)' ) is a computer and related service and, as  
such, is reflected in this Schedule of Commitments under 1.B.  
13 Broadcasting is defined as the uninterrupted chain of transmission required for the distribution of tv and radio programme sig nals to the general public, but does not cover 
contribution links between operators.  
14 Broadcasting is defined as the uninterrupted  chain of transmission required for the distribution of tv and radio programme signals to the general public, but does not cov er 
contribution links between operators.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 35 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
All sub -sectors     
Domestic and international  
Domestic and international 
services provided using any 
network technology, on a 
facilities based or resale basis, 
for public and non -public use, in 
the following market segments 
(these correspond to the 
following CPC numbers: 7521, 
7522, 7523, 7524, 7525, 7526 
and 7529, broadcasting is 
excluded):  
 
a.Voice  telephone services  
b.Packet switched data 
transmission services  
c.Circuit -switched data 
transmissions services  
d.Telex services  
e.Telegraph services  
f.Facsimile services  
g.Leased circuit services  1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.   
h.Value -added services* 
Electronic Mail, Voice Mail, 
On-line Information and Data 
Base Retrieval, EDI, Code and 
Protocol Conversion  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.   
o. Other services  
Mobile and personal 
communication services and 
systems  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
                                                
* Excludes voice telephone, packet and circuit switched data services, telegraph, telex, mobile radio telephone, paging and satellite services.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 36 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
3. CONSTRUCTION AND 
RELATED ENGINEERING 
SERVICES (CPC 511, 512, 
513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 
518) 1) Unbound* except for 5111 and 5114: Nnone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS: for CPC 5111 only:  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and  subject to the following specific 
limitations:  for Site investigation work (CPC 5111) 
where: as indicated in the horizontal section under 
(4) (iii) and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is 
required.  
 1) Unbound * except for CPC 5111 and 5114: nNone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES15 
 
A. Commission Agents ' 
Services  (CPC 621)  
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible.  
15 Excluding trade in arms, chemical products, explosives and precious metals.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 37 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Wholesale Trade Services  
(CPC 622)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Retailing Services  
(CPC 631, 632, 633, 
61112, 6113, 6121 
excluding 63211)  
 1) Unbound except for mail order: Nnone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound except for mail order: Nnone 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
D. Franchising  (CPC 8929)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
5. PRIVATELY FUNDED 
EDUCATION SERVICES  
 
A. Primary Education Services  
(CPC 921)  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 38 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Secondary Education 
Services  (CPC 922)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Higher Education Services  
(CPC 923)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
D. Adult Education Services  
(CPC 924)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 39 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES  
 
A. Sewage Disposal Services  
(CPC 9401)  
 
  
 
1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal  
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Refuse Disposal Services  
(CPC 9402)  
 
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Sanitation and Similar 
Services  (CPC 9403)  
 
 1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Cleaning Services of 
Exhaust Gases (CPC 9404)  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feas ible. 
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 40 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Nature and Landscape 
Protection Services 
(CPC 9406)  
 
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
D. Other Environmental 
Protection Services  
(CPC 9409)  1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR16 
 
1. The Communities and their Member States UK undertake s commitments on Financial Services in accordance with the provisions of the "Understanding on 
Commitments in Financial Services " (the Understanding).  
2. These commitments are subject to the limitations on marke t access and national treatment in the "all sectors " section of this schedule and to those relating to the 
subsectors listed below.  
3. The market access commitments in respect of modes (1) and (2) apply only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3 and  B.4 of the market access section of 
the Understanding respectively.  
4. Notwithstanding note 1. above, the market access and national treatment commitments in respect of mode (4) on financial servi ces are those in the "all sectors " 
section of this schedule.  
5. The admission to the market of new financial services or products may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a  regulatory framework aimed at 
achieving the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the Financial Services Annex.  
6. As a general rul e and in a non -discriminatory manner, financial institutions incorporated in a Member State of the Community the UK  must adopt a specific legal form.  
 
                                                
16 Unlike foreign subsidiaries, branches established directly in a Member State by a non -Community financial institution are not, with certain limited exceptions, subject to 
prudential regulations harmonised at Community level which enable such subsi diaries to benefit from enhanced facilities to set up new establishments and to provide cross -border 
services throughout the Community. Therefore, such branches receive an authorisation to operate in the territory of a Member State under conditions equival ent to those applied 
to domestic financial institutions of that Member State, and may be required to satisfy a number of specific prudential requi rements such as, in the case of banking and securities, 
separate capitalisation and other solvency requirement s and reporting and publication of accounts requirements or, in the case of insurance, specific guarantee and deposit 
requirements, a separate capitalisation, and the localisation in the Member State concerned of the assets representing the te chnical reser ves and at least one third of the solvency 
margin. Member States may apply the restrictions indicated in this schedule only with regard to the direct establishment from  a third country of a commercial presence or to the 
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 41 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
A. Insurance and Insurance -
Related Services  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 The European Communities 
and their Member States UK 
undertake s additional 
commitments as contained in 
the attachment Annex II to 
this schedule.  
 
 
B. Banking and Other 
Financial Services  
(excluding insurance)  1) None  
2) Sterling issues, including privately led issues, 
can be lead managed only by a firm established in 
the European Economic Area UK. 
3)  
 
- The establishment of a specialised 
management company is required to perform 
the activities of management of unit trusts 
and investment companies (Article 6 and 13 
of UCITS Directive, 85/611/ECC). . 
 
- Only firms having their registered office in the 
Community UK can act as depositories of the 
assets of investment funds (Articles 8.1 and 
15.1 of the UCITS Directive, 85/611/ECC). . 
 
- Inter-dealer brokers, which are a category of 
financial institutions deali ng in Government 
debt, are required to be established in the 
European Economic Area UK and separately 
capitalised.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
 
 
3) None  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 The European Communities 
and their Member States UK 
undertake s additional 
commitments as contained in 
the attachment Annex II to 
this schedule.  
 
 
                                                
provision of cross -border services f rom a third country; consequently, a Member State may not apply these restrictions, including those concerning establishment,  to third -country 
subsidiaries established in other Member States of the Community, unless these restrictions can also be applied t o companies or nationals of other Member States in conformity 
with Community law.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 42 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
8. HEALTH SERVICES AND 
SOCIAL SERVICES  
 
A. Hospital Services  
(CPC 9311)  
 
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Social Services  
 
Only Cconvalescent 
and Rest Houses, Old 
People 's Homes   
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL 
RELATED SERVICES  
 
A. Hotels, Restaurants and 
Catering  (CPC 641, 642, 
643) (excluding catering in 
transport services sector)  
 
  
 
 
1) Unbound* except for catering: none  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound * except for catering: none  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible .  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 43 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Travel Agencies and Tour 
Operators Services  
(including tour managers) 
(CPC 7471)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section  
  
C. Tourist Guides Services  
(CPC 7472)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL 
AND SPORTING SERVICES 
(other than Audio -visual 
Services)  
 
A. Entertainment Services  
(including Theatre, Live 
Bands and Circus Services) 
(CPC 9619)  
 
  
 
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal section  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 44 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. News and Press Agency 
Services  (CPC 962)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Sporting and Other 
Recreational Services other 
than Gambling and Betting 
Services  (CPC 9641, 96491)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES  
 
A. Air Transport Services   
 
a) Maintenance and Repair of 
Aircraft and parts thereof  
 
  
 
 
 
1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
 
1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible .  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 45 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Sales and Marketing  
 
 
 
 1) None  
 
2) None  
3) None  
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) For distribution through CRS of air transport 
services provided by CRS parent carrier: unbound.  
2) None  
3) For distribution through CRS of air transport 
services provided by CRS parent carrier: unbo und. 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Computer Reservations 
System  
 
 1) None  
 
 
2) None  
3) None  
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) For obligations of parent or participating carriers 
in respect of a CRS controlled by an air carrier of one 
or more third other countries: unbound.  
2) None  
3) For obligations of parent or participating carriers 
in respect of a CRS controlled by an air c arrier of one 
or more third other countries: unbound.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Rail Transport Services  
 
a) Maintenance and Repair of 
Rail Transport Equipment 
(CPC 8868)  
  
 
1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 46 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
C. Road Transport Services  
 
a) Passenger Transportation 
(CPC 71213, 7122)  
  
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) For transport within a Member State the UK  
(cabotage), by a carrier established outside that 
Member State the UK : unbound except for rental of 
non-scheduled services of buses with operator ( part 
of 71223 )17 where no limitation will apply  as from 
1996. 
For 71221 (taxi services): economic needs test18 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Unbound for transport within a Member State the 
UK (cabotage), by a carrier established outside that 
Member State the UK . 
 
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Freight Transportation 
(CPC 7123)  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) For transport within a Member State by a carrier 
established in another Member State: 
unbound None. 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) For transport within a Member State by a carrier 
established in another Member State: unbound. None 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
d) Maintenance and Repair of 
Road Transport Equipment 
(CPC 6112)  
 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
17 Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities by the CPC concordance.  
18 Needs test based on the number of service suppliers in the local geographic area.  
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 47 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
D. Services auxiliary to all 
modes of transport  
 
a) Storage and Warehouse 
Services (CPC 742) (other 
than in ports)  
  
 
 
1) Unbound* 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound * 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Freight Transport 
Agency/Freight Forwarding 
Services (CPC 748)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Pre-Shipment Inspection 
(part of CPC 749)19 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
* A commitment on this mode of supply is not feasible.  
19 Indicates that a service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 48 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of nat ural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
E. Other Transport Services  
 
Land Transport 
(Provision of Combined 
Transport Service)  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None, without any prejudice to the limitations 
affecting any given mode of transport.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None, without any prejudice to the limitations 
affecting any given mode of transport.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated  in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
_______________  
 
 S/C/W/380  
 
- 49 - 
 
  ANNEX I  
REFERENCE PAPER  ADDITIONAL COMMITMEN T BY THE EUROPEAN CO MMUNITIES  
 AND THEIR MEMBER ST ATES  
 
 
SCOPE:  
 
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services underpinning the market access commitments by the United Kingdom 
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. European Communities and their Member States.  
 
DEFINITIONS:  
 
User mean s service consumer s and service suppliers.  
 
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network and service 
that 
 
a) are ex clusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers; and  
b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.  
 
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation 
(having regard to price and supply) in the releva nt market for basic telecommunications services as 
a result of:  
 
a) control over essential facilities; or  
b) use of its position in the market.  
 
1. COMPETITIVE SAFEGUARDS:  
 
1.1. Prevention of anti -competitive practices in telecommunications : 
 
Appropriate measure s shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or 
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti -competitive practices.  
 
1.2. Safeguards : 
 
The anti -competitive practices referred to above shall include in parti cular:  
 
a) engaging in anti -competitive cross -subsidization;  
b) using information obtained from competitors with anti -competitive results; and  
c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information 
about essential facilities and  commercially relevant information which are necessary for 
them to provide services.  
 
2. INTERCONNECTION:  
 
2.1. This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public telecommunications transport 
networks or services in order to  allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another 
supplier and to access services provided by another supplier.  
 
2.2. Interconnection to be ensured : 
 
Within the limits of permitted market access, interconnection with a major supplier wi ll be ensured 
at any technically feasible point in the network. Such interconnection is provided1: 
                                                
1 Suppliers of services or networks not generally available to the public, such as closed user groups, 
have guaranteed rights to  connect with the public telecommunications transport network or services on terms, 
 S/C/W/380  
 
- 50 - 
 
   
a) under non -discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provid ed for its own 
like services or for like services of non -affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or 
other affiliates2; 
b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) 
and cost -oriented rates that ar e transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic 
feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network 
components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided; and  
c) upon request, at points in addi tion to the network termination points offered to the 
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary 
additional facilities.  
 
2.3. Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations : 
 
The procedu res applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.  
 
2.4. Transparency of interconnection arrangements : 
 
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements 
or a referen ce interconnection offer.  
 
2.5. Interconnection: dispute settlement : 
 
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:  
 
a) at any time or  
b) after a reasonable period of time  which has been made publicly known to an independent 
domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to 
resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection 
within a reasonable period of  time, to the extent that these have not been established 
previously.  
 
3. UNIVERSAL SERVICE:  
 
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. 
Such obligations will not be regarded as anti -competitive per se, provided they are administered in 
a transparent, non -discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more burdensome 
than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.  
 
4. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF LICENSING CRITERIA:  
 
Wher e a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:  
 
a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence and  
b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.  
 
The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.  
 
5. INDEPENDENT REGULATORS:  
 
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be 
impartial with respect to all market participants.  
 
                                                
conditions and rates which are non -discriminatory, transparent and cost -oriented. Such terms, conditions and 
rates may, however, vary from the terms, conditions and rates a pplicable to interconnection between public 
telecommunications networks or services.  
2 Different terms, conditions and rates may be set in the Communities UK for operators in different 
market segments, on the basis of non -discriminatory and transparent nati onal licensing provisions, where such 
differences can be objectively justified because these services are not considered "like services".  S/C/W/380  
 
- 51 - 
 
  6. ALLOCATION AND USE OF SCARCE RESOURCES:  
 
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and 
rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non -discriminatory manner. 
The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed 
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not require d. 
 
 
_______________  
 
 
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 52 - 
 
  ANNEX II  
 
ADDITIONAL COMMITMEN TS BY THE EUROPEAN COMM UNITIES  
AND THEIR MEMBER STA TES CONCERNING FINANCIAL  SERVICES  
 
 
 
INSURANCE  
 
a) The European Communities and their Member States note the close co -operation among the 
insurance regulatory and supervisory authorities of the Member States and encourage their efforts 
to promote improved supervisory standards.  
 
ab) Member States The UK  will make their its best endeavours to consider within 6 months complete 
applications for licenses t o conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the 
establishment in a Member State the UK  of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that 
Member State the UK , by an undertaking governed by the laws of a nother  third country WTO Member . 
In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State UK authority will make its best 
endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the 
application.  
 
bc) The supervisory authorities of the Member States UK will make their best endeavours to respond 
without undue delay to requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications 
for licences to conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the establishment in a 
Member State the UK of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State the UK  
by an undertaking governed by the laws of a nother  third country WTO Member . 
 
d) The European Communities and their Member States will make their best endeavours to examine 
any questions pertaining to the smooth operation of the internal market in insurance, and consider 
any issues that might have an impact on the internal market in  insurance.  
 
de) The European Communities and their Member States UK notes that, as regards motor insurance, 
under EC law as in force on 31 December 1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, premiums 
may be calculated taking several risk factors i nto account.  
 
ef) The European Communities and their Member States UK notes that, under EC law, as in force on 
31 December 1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, the prior approval by national 
supervisory authorities of policy conditions and sca les of premiums that an insurance undertaking 
intends to use is generally not required.  
 
fg) The European Communities and their Member States UK notes that, under EC law, as in force on 
31 December  1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, the prio r approval by national 
supervisory authorities of increases in premium rates i sn generally not required.  
 
OTHER FINANCIAL SERVICES  
 
a) In application of the relevant EC Directives, Member States The UK  will make their its best 
endeavours to consider within 12 months complete applications for licenses to conduct banking 
activities, through the establishment in a Member State the UK  of a subsidiary in accordance with 
the legislation of that Member State the UK , by an undertakin g governed by the laws of a nother  third 
country WTO Member . In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State UK will make 
its best endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the 
application.  
 
b) Member States The UK  will make their its best endeavours to respond without undue delay to 
requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licenses to conduct 
banking activities, through the establishment in a Member State  the UK of a subsidiary in accordance 
with the legislation of that Member State the UK , by an undertaking governed by the laws of a nother  
third country WTO Member . 
 S/C/W/380  
 
- 53 - 
 
  c) In application of the relevant EC Directives, Member States The UK  will make their its best 
endeavours to consider within 6 months complete applications for licenses to conduct investment 
services in the securities field, as defined in the Investment Services Directive, through the 
establishment in a Member State the UK  of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that 
Member State the UK , by an undertaking governed by the laws of a nother  third country WTO Member . 
In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State UK will make its best endeavours to 
notify the undertaking in question  and give the reasons for the refusal of the application.  
 
d) Member States The UK  will make their its best endeavours to respond without undue delay to 
requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licenses to conduct 
investment services in the securities area, through the establishment in a Member State the UK  of a 
subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State the UK , by an undertaking 
governed by the laws of a nother  third country WTO Member . 
 
_______________  
 
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 54 - PART IV  
CLEAN VERSION OF THE  UK SCHEDULE  
UNITED KINGDOM OF GR EAT BRITAIN AND NORT HERN IRELAND – SCHED ULE OF SPECIFIC COMM ITMENTS  
1. The rights and obligations from  the GATS, including the schedule of commitments , shall have no self -executing effect and thus confer no rights directly to 
individual natural persons or juridical persons.  
 
Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS  
ALL SECTORS INCLUDED IN THIS 
SCHEDULE  Public Utilities  
 
3) Services considered as public utilities at a 
national or local level may be subject to public 
monopolies or to exclusive rights granted to private 
operators.1  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 Legal Entities  
 
3) None  
 Legal Entities  
 
a) Limitations on branches, agencies and 
representative offices  
 
3) Treatment accorded to subsidiaries (of companies 
of another WTO Member) formed in accordance with 
UK law and having their registered office, central 
administration or principal place of business within 
the UK is not extended to branches or agencies  
established in the UK by a company of another WTO 
Member.   
                                                
1 Explanatory Note: Public utilities exist in sectors such as related scientific and technical consulting services, R& D services on social sciences and humanities, technical 
testing and analysis services, environmental services, health services, transport services and services auxiliary to all mode s of transport. Exclusive rights on such services are often 
granted to priv ate operators, for instance operators with concessions from public authorities, subject to specific service obligations. Give n that public utilities often also exist at the 
sub-central level, detailed and exhaustive sector -specific scheduling is not practi cal. This limitation does not apply to telecommunications and to computer and related services.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 55 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
  b) Limitations on Subsidiaries  
 
3) Treatment less favourable may be  
accorded to subsidiaries (of companies of another 
WTO Member) formed in accordance with UK law 
which have only their registered office in the UK, 
unless it  can be shown that they possess an effective 
and continuous link with the economy of the UK.  
  
  c) Limitations additional to those under a) 
and b)  
 
3) None  
 
4) None  
  
  Subsidies  
 
3) None, other than  for branches established in the 
UK by a company of another WTO Member. Eligibility 
for subsidies may be limited to juridical persons 
established within the territory of the UK or a 
particular geographical sub -division thereof. 
Unbound for subsidies for re search and 
development. The supply of a service, or its 
subsidisation, within the public sector is not in 
breach of this commitment.  
4) To the extent that any subsidies are made 
available to natural persons, their availability may 
be limited to nationals o f the UK.  
  
 Investments  
 
3) None  
 
Real Estate Purchases  
 
None 
 
Exchange Regime  
 
1), 2) None  Investments  
 
3) None  
 
Real Estate Purchases  
 
None 
 
Exchange Regime  
 
4) None    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 56 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 Categories of natural persons covered under 
Mode 4  
 
4) Unbound except for measures concerning the 
entry into and temporary stay2 within the UK, of the 
following categories of natural persons providing 
services:  
 Categories of natural persons covered under 
Mode 4  
 
4) Unbound except as indicated below.   
 (i) Intra -corporate transfers (ICT ): 
 
Access is subject to the following conditions.  
- the natural person concerned must work within a 
juridical person other than a non profit making  
organisation, established in the territory of a WTO 
member and have been employed by it or have been 
a partner in it (other than as a majority shareholder) 
for at least the year immediately preceding the date 
of admission.  
- the natural person is temporar ily transferred in the 
context of the provision of a service through 
commercial presence in the territory of the UK.  
- the natural person is temporarily transferred in the 
context of the provision of a service through 
commercial presence in the UK.  
- the juridical person concerned must have their 
principal place of business in the territory of a WTO 
Member other than the  UK and the transfer must be 
to an establishment (subsidiary, branch, office) of 
that juridical person, effectively providing like 
servic es in the territory of the UK.  (i) Intra -corporate transfers  (ICT) : 
 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.  
  
                                                
2 All other requirements of the UK’s laws and regulations regarding entry, stay, work and social security measures shall contin ue to apply, including regulation s concerning 
period of stay, minimum wages as well as collective wage agreements.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 57 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 - the natural person concerned must belong to one 
of the following categories:  
   
 a) Persons working in a senior position within a 
juridical person, who primarily direct the 
management of the establishment, receiving 
general supervision or direction principally 
from the board of directors or stockholders of 
the business or their equivalent, including:  
 
- directing the establishment or a 
department or sub -division of the 
establishment;  
- supervising and controlling the work of 
other supervisory, professional or 
managerial employees;  
- having the authority personally to hire and 
fire or recommend hiring, firing or other 
personnel actions.  
   
 b) Persons working within a juridical person who 
possess uncommon knowledge essential to the 
establishment's service, research equipment, 
techniques or management. In assessing such  
knowledge, account will be taken not only of 
knowledge specific to the establishment, but 
also of whether the person has a high level of 
qualification referring to a type of work or 
trade requiring specific technical knowledge, 
including membership of an accredited 
profession.  
   
 An economic needs test will not be required.  
 
The duration of "temporary stay " of intra -corporate 
transfers is defined by the UK laws and regulations 
regarding entry, stay and work.     
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 58 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 (ii) Business Visitors (BV):  
Entry and temporary stay of the following categories 
is permitted without application of an economic 
needs test:  
 
a) Service sellers:  Persons not residing in the 
territory of the UK, who are representatives of 
a service supplier and are seeking temporary 
entry for the purpose of negotiating for the 
sale of services or entering into agreements to 
sell services for that service provider, where 
those representatives will not be engaged in 
making direct sales to the general public or in 
supplying services themselves.  
 
b) Estab lishment of commercial presence : 
Persons working in a senior position, as 
defined in i) a) above, within a juridical 
person, who are responsible for the setting up, 
in the UK, of a commercial presence of a 
service provider of another WTO Member 
when:  
 
- the representatives are not engaged in 
making direct sales or supplying services; 
and 
- the service provider has its principal place 
of business in the territory of another 
WTO Member and has no other 
representative, office, branch or 
subsidiary in the UK.  
 
The duration of "temporary stay " of business visitors 
is defined by the UK laws and regulations regarding 
entry, stay and work.  (ii) Business visitors  (BV) : 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 59 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 (iii) Contractual service suppliers (CSS):  
 
Access is subject to the following conditions:  
 
- The natural persons are engaged in the supply 
of a service on a temporary basis as 
employees of a juridical person, who has no 
commercial presence in the UK.  (iii) Contractual service suppliers (CSS):  
 
Unbound except for measures concerning the 
categories of natural persons referred to and 
committed in the Market Access column.   
 - The juridical person has obtained a service 
contract, for a period not exceeding 3 months 
from a final consumer in the UK, through an 
open tendering procedure or any other 
procedure which guarantees the bona fide 
character of the contract (e.g. advertisement 
of the availability of the contract) wher e this 
requirement exists or is introduced, pursuant 
to the laws, regulations and requirements of 
the UK.    
 - The natural person seeking access should be 
offering such services as an employee of the 
juridical person supplying the service for at 
least the y ear immediately preceding such 
movement.    
 - The temporary entry and stay within the UK 
shall be for a period of not more than three 
months in any 12 months period or for the 
duration of the contract, whatever is less.    
 - The natural person must possess the 
necessary academic qualifications and 
professional experience as specified for the 
sector or activity concerned in the UK.    
 - An economic needs test will not be required 
except where otherwise indicated for a specific 
sub-sector.    
 - The commitment relates only to the service 
activity which is the subject of the contract; it 
does not confer entitlement to exercise the 
professional title of the UK.     
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 60 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
 - The number of the persons covered by the 
service contract shall not be larger than 
necessary to fulf il the contract, as it may be 
decided by the laws, regulations and 
requirements of the UK.    
 - The service contract has to  be obtained in one 
of the activities mentioned below, subject to a 
specific commitment being undertaken by the 
UK in the sector specific part and any 
additional conditions mentioned therein:  
 
- Legal services  
- Accounting services  
- Taxation advisory services  
- Architectural services, urban planning 
and landscape architectural services  
- Engineering services, integrated 
engineering services  
- Advertising  
- Management consulting services  
- Services related to management 
consulting  
- Technical testing and analysis 
services  
- Translation services  
- Construction services, site 
investigation work  
    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 61 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
II. SECTOR -SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS  
1. BUSINESS SERVICES  
A. Professional Services  
 
a) Legal advice home country 
law and public international 
law  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional  experience in the 
sector.  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
 
 
 
  
b) Accounting services 
(CPC 86212 other than 
"auditing services ", 86213, 
86219)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and  subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' experience in the sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 62 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
c) Auditing services3 
(CPC 86211 and 86212 other 
than accounting services)  
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
d) Bookkeeping services 
(CPC 86220)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
e) Taxation Advisory Services 
(CPC 863: excluding 
representation in 
Court/tribunals)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' experience in the sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicate d in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
                                                
3 Given the fact that commercial presence is required to exercise any auditing activity, the cross -border mode is unbound. Only established statutory auditors can be 
approve d by the national professional bodies. Approval is a necessary pre -condition to exercising this activity.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 63 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
f) Architectural Services 
(CPC 8671)  
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and  subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the  horizontal 
section.  
 
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
g) Engineering services 
(CPC 8672)  
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 64 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
h) Integrated Engineering 
Services (CPC 8673)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
  
i) Urban Planning and 
Landscape Architectural 
Services (CPC 8674)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professional experience in the 
sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 65 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
j) Medical, Dental and Midwives 
Services (CPC  9312, part of 
CPC 93191)  
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Establishment for doctors under the National 
Health Service is subject to medical manpower 
planning.  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
 
 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
k) Veterinary services (CPC  932) 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Access through partnership or natural persons 
only. 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
 
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
l) Services provided by Nurses, 
Physiotherapists and 
Paramedical Personnel (part 
of CPC 93191).  
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 66 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Supply of pharmaceutical 
goods to the general 
public  (pharmacists)  
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
m) Other  
Related  Scientific Technical 
Consulting Services4 
(CPC 8675)  
 
 
 
 1) Unbound for exploration services  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound for exploration services  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Computer and Related 
Services  
 
a) Consultancy Services related 
to the Installation of 
Computer Hardware (CPC 
841) 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
                                                
4 The service involved excludes related scientific and technical consulting services on operation of mines, etc.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 67 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
b) Software Implementation 
Services (CPC 842)  
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
c) Data Processing Services 
(CPC 843)  
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
d) Data Base Services (CPC  844) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
Maintenance and Repair 
(CPC 845)  
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 68 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
e) Other Computer Services 
(CPC 849)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound   
C. Research and Development 
Services  
 
R&D Services on Social Sciences 
and Humanities (CPC 852)  
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal  
section.  
  
D. Real Estate Services5 
 
a) Involving Own or Leased 
Property (CPC 821)  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
5 The Service involved relates to the  profession of real estate agents and does not affect any rights and/or restrictions on natural and juridical persons purchasi ng real 
estate.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 69 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
b) On a Fee or Contract Basis 
(e.g. Property Evaluation, 
Estate Management, etc.) 
(CPC 822)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV   
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
E. Rental/Leasing Services 
Without Operators  
 
a) Relating to ships (CPC  83103)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Relating to Aircraft 
(CPC 83104)  
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) Aircraft used by UK air carriers have to  be 
registered in the UK. Waivers can be granted for 
short term lease contracts or under exceptional 
circumstances.  
3) To be registered in the aircraft register of the UK, 
the aircraft must be owned either by natural persons 
meeting the specific nationali ty criteria or by 
juridical persons meeting specific requirements 
regarding ownership of capital and control (including 
nationality of directors).  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
 
 
 
3) Non e 
 
 
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 70 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
c) Relating to Other Transport 
Equipment (CPC 83101, 
83102, 83105)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
d) Relating to Other Machinery 
and Equipment (CPC  83106, 
83107, 83108, 83109)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Rental Services with 
Operators   
Rental of Vessels with 
Crew (CPC 7213 and 
7223)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Rental of Commercial 
Road Vehicles with 
Operator (CPC 7124)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 71 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
F. Other Business Services  
 
a) Advertising (CPC 871)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Relevant qualifications and three years ' professional 
experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal  
section.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
b) Market Research and Opinion 
Polling (CPC 864)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 72 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
c) Management Consulting 
Services (CPC 865)  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Unbound except for managers and senior 
consultants where: university degree and three 
years ' professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound exce pt as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
 
  
d) Services Related to 
Management Consulting 
(CPC 866) 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Unbound except for managers and senior 
consultants where: university degree and three 
years ' professional experience.  
 
Compliance with an economi c needs test is required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 73 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
e) Technical Testing and 
Analysis Services (CPC  8676)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree or technical qualifications 
demonstrating knowledge and three years ' 
professional experience  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section . 
 
 
  
f) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to 
Agriculture, Hunting and 
Forestry  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as  indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
g) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to Fishing  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 74 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
h) Advisory and Consulting 
Services Relating to Mining  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
k) Placement and Supply 
Services of Personnel  
Executive Search 
Services (CPC 87201)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Placement Services (CPC 
87202)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Supply Services of Office 
Support Personnel (CPC 
87203)  
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 75 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
Security Services 
(CPC 87302, 87303, 
87304, 87305)  
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
l) Maintenance and Repair of 
Equipment (not including 
Maritime Vessels, Aircraft or 
Other Transport Equipment) 
(CPC 633, 8861, 8866)  
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as  indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
m) Building -Cleaning Services 
(CPC 874)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
n) Photographic Services 
(CPC 875 excluding retail)  
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound except for aerial photography: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound except for aerial photography: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 76 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
o) Packaging Services 
(CPC 876) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
 Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
p) Printing and publishing 
(CPC 88442)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
q) Convention Services  
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 77 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
r) Other  
 
Translation Services (CPC 
87905)  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
Relevant qualifications and three years ' professional 
experience.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Interior Design Services 
(part of CPC 87907)  1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 78 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
2.C TELECOMMUNICATIONS  
SERVICES6 
 
All services consisting of the 
transmission and reception of 
signals by any electromagnetic 
means7, excluding broadcasting8. 
 
These services do not cover the 
economic activity consisting of the 
provision of content which require 
telecommunications services for 
their tr ansport.  
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  The UK undertakes the 
obligations contained in the 
reference paper attached in 
Annex I  for the following 
services:  
a) Voice telephone 
services (CPC7521)  
b) Packet -switched 
data transmission 
services (part of 
CPC 7523)  
c) Circuit switched 
data transmission 
services (part of 
CPC 7523)  
d) Telex services (part 
of CPC 7523)  
e) Telegraph services 
(CPC 7522)  
f) Facsimile services 
(part of CPC 7521 
+ part of CPC 
7523)  
g) Private leased 
circuit services 
(part of CPC 7522 
+ part of CPC 
7523)  
o) Mobile and personal      
communications 
services and 
systems  
                                                
6 Footnote for clarification purposes: The UK reserves its right to maintain public participation in certain tele communication operators in the future. This is not a market 
access limitation.  
7 Sub-sectors 2.C.h) to 2.C.m) of the Services Sectoral Classification List contained in MTN,GNS/W/120 (value -added services) and Sub -sectors 2.C.a) to  2.C.g) of that List 
are included here. Sub -sector 2.C.o) of that List is also included here to the extent that it falls under this definition. For the purpose of this  Schedule, sub -sector 2.C.n) of that List 
('On-line information and/or data processing (including transaction proc essing)' ) is a computer and related service and, as  such, is reflected in this Schedule of Commitments 
under 1.B.  
8 Broadcasting is defined as the uninterrupted chain of transmission required for the distribution of tv and radio programme si gnals to the g eneral public, but does not cover 
contribution links between operators.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 79 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
3. CONSTRUCTION AND 
RELATED ENGINEERING 
SERVICES (CPC 511, 512, 513, 
514, 515, 516, 517, 518)  1) Unbound except for 5111 and 5114: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS: for CPC 5111 only:  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section and subject to the following specific 
limitations:  
 
University degree and professional qualifications 
and three years ' professiona l experience in the 
sector.  
 
Compliance with an economic needs test is required.  
 1) Unbound except for CPC 5111 and 5114: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES9 
 
A. Commission Agents ' Services  
(CPC 621)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
9 Excluding trade in arms, chemical products, explosives and precious metals.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 80 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Wholesale Trade Services  
(CPC 622)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Retailing Services  (CPC 631, 
632, 633, 61112, 6113, 6121 
excluding 63211)  
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound except for mail order: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound except for mail order: None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
D. Franchising  (CPC 8929)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
5. PRIVATELY FUNDED 
EDUCATION SERVICES  
 
A. Primary Education Services  
(CPC 921)  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 81 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Secondary Education Services  
(CPC 922)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Higher Education Services  
(CPC 923)  
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except  as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
  
D. Adult Education Services  (CPC 
924) 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in  the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
6. ENVIRONMENTAL 
SERVICES  
 
A. Sewage Disposal Services  
(CPC 9401)  
 
 
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 82 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Refuse Disposal Services  
(CPC 9402)  
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Sanitation and Similar 
Services  (CPC 9403)  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Cleaning Services of Exhaust 
Gases (CPC 9404)  
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Nature and Landscape 
Protection Services 
(CPC 9406)  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 83 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
D. Other Environmental 
Protection Services  
(CPC 9409)  1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR  
 
1. The UK undertakes commitments on Financial Services in accordance with the provisions of the "Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services " (the 
Understanding).  
2. These commitments are subject to the limitations on market access and national treatment  in the "all sectors " section of this schedule and to those relating to the 
subsectors listed below.  
3. The market access commitments in respect of modes (1) and (2) apply only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3 and B.4 of the market access secti on of the 
Understanding respectively.  
4. Notwithstanding note 1. above, the market access and national treatment commitments in respect of mode (4) on financial servi ces are those in the "all sectors " section 
of this schedule.  
5. The admission to the market of new financial services or products may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a regulatory framework aimed at achieving 
the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the Financial Services Annex.  
6. As a general rule and in a non -discriminatory m anner, financial institutions incorporated in the UK must adopt a specific legal form.  
 
A. Insurance and Insurance -
Related Services  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 The UK undertakes additional 
commitments as contained in 
Annex  II to this schedule.  
 
 
 
 
  
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 84 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Banking and Other Financial 
Services  (excluding 
insurance)  1) None  
2) Sterling issues, including privately led issues, can 
be lead managed only by a firm established in the 
UK. 
3)  
 
- The establishment of a specialised 
management company is required to perform 
the activities of management of unit trusts and 
investment companie s. 
 
- Only firms having their registered office in the 
UK can act as depositories of the assets of 
investment funds.  
 
- Inter-dealer brokers, which are a category of 
financial institutions dealing in Government 
debt, are required to be established in the UK 
and separately capitalised.  
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
 
 
3) None  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 The UK undertakes additional 
commitments as contained in 
Annex  II to this schedule.  
 
 
8. HEALTH SERVICES AND 
SOCIAL SERVICES  
 
A. Hospital Services  (CPC 9311)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 85 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Social Services  
 
Only convalescent and Rest 
Houses, Old People 's Homes  1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as  indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL 
RELATED SERVICES  
 
A. Hotels, Restaurants and 
Catering  (CPC 641, 642, 643) 
(excluding catering in 
transport services sector)  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) Unbound except for catering: none  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound except for catering: none  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
B. Travel Agencies and Tour 
Operators Services  (including 
tour managers) (CPC 7471)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
  
C. Tourist Guides Services  (CPC 
7472)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound    
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 86 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL 
AND SPORTING SERVICES 
(other than Audio -visual  
Services)  
 
A. Entertainment Services  
(including Theatre, Live 
Bands and Circus Services) 
(CPC 9619)  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  
  
B. News and Press Agency 
Services  (CPC 962)  
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Sporting and Other 
Recreational Services other 
than Gambling and Betting 
Services  (CPC 9641, 96491)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 87 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES  
 
A. Air Transport Services   
 
a) Maintenance and Repair of 
Aircraft and parts thereof  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Sales and Marketing  
 1) None  
 
2) None  
3) None  
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) For distribution through CRS of air transport 
services provided by CRS parent carrier: unbound.  
2) None  
3) For distribution through CRS of air transport 
services provided by CRS parent carrier: unbound.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Computer Reservations 
System  
 
 1) None  
 
 
2) None  
3) None 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) For obligations of parent or participating carriers 
in respect of a CRS controlled by an air carrier of one 
or more other countries: unbound.  
2) None  
3) For obligations of parent or participating carriers 
in respect of a CRS controlled by an air carrier of one 
or more other countries: unbound.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 88 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
B. Rail Transport Services  
 
a) Maintenance and Repair of 
Rail Transport Equipment 
(CPC 8868)  
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the  horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
C. Road Transport Services  
 
a) Passenger Transportation 
(CPC 71213, 7122)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) For transport within the UK (cabotage), by a 
carrier established outside the UK: unbound except 
for rental of non-scheduled services of buses with 
operator ( part of 71223) where no limitation will 
apply.  
For 71221 (taxi services): economic needs test10 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) Unbound  for transport within the UK (cabotage), 
by a carrier established outside the UK.  
 
 
 
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Freight Transportation 
(CPC 7123)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
                                                
10 Needs test based on the number of service suppliers in the local geographic area.   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 89 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
d) Maintenance and Repair of 
Road Transport Equipment 
(CPC 6112)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
D. Services auxiliary to all 
modes of transport  
 
a) Storage and Warehouse 
Services (CPC 742) (other 
than in ports)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
b) Freight Transport 
Agency/Freight Forwarding 
Services (CPC 748)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
Pre-Shipment Inspection 
(part of CPC 749)  
 
 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
   
  S/C/W/380  
 
- 90 - Modes of supply:  1. Cross -border  2. Consumption abroad  3. Commercial presence  4. Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub -sector  Limitations on Market Access  Limitations on National Treatment  Additional Commitments  
E. Other Transport Services  
 
Land Transport (Provision 
of Combined Transport 
Service)  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None, without any prejudice to the limitations 
affecting any given mode of transport.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
1) Unbound  
2) None  
3) None, without any prejudice to the limitations 
affecting any given mode of transport.  
4) ICT and BV  
Unbound ex cept as indicated in the horizontal 
section.  
 
CSS 
Unbound  
  
 
 
_______________  
 S/C/W/380  
 
- 91 - 
 
  ANNEX I  
 
REFERENCE PAPER  
 
 
SCOPE:  
 
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services underpinning the market access commitments by the United Kingdom 
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.  
 
DEFINITIONS:  
 
User means service consumers and service suppliers.  
 
Essential facilities mean facili ties of a public telecommunications transport network and service 
that 
 
a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers; and  
b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.  
 
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation 
(having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as 
a result of:  
 
a) control over essential facilities; or  
b) use of  its position in the market.  
 
1. COMPETITIVE SAFEGUARDS:  
 
1.1. Prevention of anti -competitive practices in telecommunications : 
 
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of  preventing suppliers who, alone or 
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti -competitive practices.  
 
1.2. Safeguards : 
 
The anti -competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:  
 
a) engaging in anti -competitive cro ss-subsidization;  
b) using information obtained from competitors with anti -competitive results; and  
c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information 
about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which  are necessary for 
them to provide services.  
 
2. INTERCONNECTION:  
 
2.1. This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public telecommunications transport 
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another 
supplier and to access services provided by another supplier.  
 
2.2. Interconnection to be ensured : 
 
Within the limits of permitted market access, interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured 
at any technically feasible point in the netw ork. Such interconnection is provided1: 
                                                
1 Suppliers of services or networks not generally available to the public, such as closed user groups, have 
guaranteed rights to connect with the public telecommunications transport network or services on terms, 
 S/C/W/380  
 
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a) under non -discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own 
like services or for like services of non -affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or 
other affiliates2; 
b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) 
and cost -oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic 
feasib ility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network 
components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided; and  
c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the 
major ity of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary 
additional facilities.  
 
2.3. Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations : 
 
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will  be made publicly available.  
 
2.4. Transparency of interconnection arrangements : 
 
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements 
or a reference interconnection offer.  
 
2.5. Interconnection: dispute se ttlement : 
 
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:  
 
a) at any time or  
b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an independent 
domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to 
resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection 
within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not been established 
previously.  
 
3. UNIVERSAL SERVICE:  
 
Any Me mber has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. 
Such obligations will not be regarded as anti -competitive per se , provided they are administered in 
a transparent, non -discriminatory and competitively neutral man ner and are not more burdensome 
than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.  
 
4. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF LICENSING CRITERIA:  
 
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:  
 
a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence and  
b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.  
 
The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.  
 
5. INDEPENDENT REGULATORS:  
 
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be 
impartial with respect to all market participants.  
 
                                                
conditions and rates which are non -discrimina tory, transparent and cost -oriented. Such terms, conditions and 
rates may, however, vary from the terms, conditions and rates applicable to interconnection between public 
telecommunications networks or services.  
2 Different terms, conditions and rates may be set in the UK for operators in different market segments, 
on the basis of non -discriminatory and transparent national licensing provisions, where such differences can be 
objectively justified because these services are not considered "like services".  S/C/W/380  
 
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  6. ALLOCATION AND USE OF SCARCE RESOURCES:  
 
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and 
rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non -discriminatory manner. 
The current s tate of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed 
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.  
 
 
 
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  S/C/W/380  
 
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  ANNEX II  
 
ADDITIONAL COMMITMEN TS CONCERNING FINANC IAL SERVICES   
 
 
INSURANCE  
 
a) The UK will make its best endeavours to consider within 6 months complete applications for 
licenses to conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the establishment in the UK of 
a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of t he UK, by an undertaking governed by the laws of 
another WTO Member. In cases where such applications are refused, the UK authority will make its 
best endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the 
application.  
 
b) The supervisory authorities of the UK will make their best endeavours to respond without undue 
delay to requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licences to 
conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the establishment in the UK of a subsidiary 
in accordance with the legislation of the UK by an undertaking governed by the laws of another WTO 
Member.  
 
c) The UK notes that, as regards motor insurance, and without prejudice to future legislation, 
premiums may be calculated taking several risk factors into account.  
 
d) The UK notes that, without prejudice to future legislation, the prior approval by national 
supervisory authorities of policy conditions and scales of premiums that an insurance underta king 
intends to use is generally not required.  
 
e) The UK notes that, without prejudice to future legislation, the prior approval by national 
supervisory authorities of increases in premium rates is generally not required.  
 
OTHER FINANCIAL SERVICES  
 
a) The  UK will make its best endeavours to consider within 12 months complete applications for 
licenses to conduct banking activities, through the establishment in the UK of a subsidiary in 
accordance with the legislation of the UK, by an undertaking governed by  the laws of another WTO 
Member. In cases where such applications are refused, the UK will make its best endeavours to 
notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the application.  
 
b) The UK will make its best endeavours to r espond without undue delay to requests for information 
by applicants on the status of complete applications for licenses to conduct banking activities, 
through the establishment in the UK of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of the UK, by 
an undertaking governed by the laws of another WTO Member.  
 
c) The UK will make its best endeavours to consider within 6 months complete applications for 
licenses to conduct investment services in the securities field, through the establishment in the UK 
of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of the UK, by an undertaking governed by the laws 
of another WTO Member. In cases where such applications are refused, the UK will make its best 
endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the re asons for the refusal of the 
application.  
 
d) The UK will make its best endeavours to respond without undue delay to requests for information 
by applicants on the status of complete applications for licenses to conduct investment services in 
the securities  area, through the establishment in the UK of a subsidiary in accordance with the 
legislation of the UK, by an undertaking governed by the laws of another WTO Member.   
 
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