WT/TPR/M/399  
23 February  2022 
(22-1680) Page: 1/29 
Trade Policy Review Body  Original: English  
6 and 8 December 2021  
  
TRADE POLICY REVIEW  
TAJIKISTAN  
MINUTES OF THE MEETING  
Chairperson: H.E. Dr Athaliah Lesiba Molokomme (Botswana)  
CONTENTS  
 
1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .......................  3 
2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF TAJIKISTAN (H.E.  MR ZAVKIZODA 
ZAVKI AMIN)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  5 
3  STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  ................................ ................................ ................  8 
4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  ................................ ................................ ........................  10 
5  REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF TAJIKISTAN AND ADDITIONAL COMMENTS  ... 21 
6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .........................  28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  Note: Advance written questions and additional questions by WTO Members, and the replies provided 
by Tajikistan  are reproduced in document WT/TPR/M/ 399/Add.1  and will be available online at 
http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp_rep_e.htm.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
1.1.  The first Trade Policy Review of Tajikistan  was held on 6 and 8  December  2021. The 
Chairperson, H.E. Dr Athaliah Lesiba Molokomme (Botswana)  welcomed the delegation of Tajikistan , 
headed by  H.E. Mr Zavkizoda Zavki Amin , Minister of Economic Development and Trade ; 
H.E. Ambassador  Jamshed Khamidov , Permanent Representative o f Tajikistan  to the WTO; the rest 
of the delegation; and the discussant, H.E. Taeho Lee ( Republic of Korea) . 
1.2.  The Chairperson was pleased that, in addition to physical presence, the meeting also benefited 
from the Interprefy online connection, allowing for a wider participation of the Membership, in 
particular of officials who could not make the journey from Dusha nbe given the current 
circumstances.  
1.3.  The Chairperson recalled the purpose of TPRs and the main elements of procedures for the 
meeting. The report by Tajikistan is contained in document WT/TPR/G/399 and Add.1, and that of 
the WTO Secretariat in document WT /TPR/S/399 and Add.1. The Chairperson noted that the TPR of 
Tajikistan was initially scheduled for April 2020, and that the meeting had to be  postponed due to 
the COVID -19 pandemic.  Addendum documents were distributed to update relevant information that 
was circulated  in the  initial documents.  
1.4.  Questions by the following delegations were submitted in writing before the deadline:  the 
Russian Federation; Canada; Iceland; Singapore; Argentina; India; the United States; the European 
Union; Ukraine; and China . The following delegations submitted written questions after the deadline:  
Dominican Republic; and Turkey . 
1.5.  The Chairperson first focused on some developments since Tajikistan's accession to the WTO, 
as well as  identified  some key issues arouse from the advanc e written questions that were submitted 
by Members for this TPR.  
1.6.  Tajikistan acceded to the WTO in 2013. Upon accession, Tajikistan committed to apply all WTO 
provisions and had not require d recourse to any transition period. It  signed the Information 
Technology Agreement upon accession and bec ame an observer to the Committee on Government 
Procurement in 2014. In July 2019, Tajikistan  ratified the Agreement on Trade Facilitation.  
1.7.  From Tajikistan's accession until the outbreak of the COVID -19 pandemic, the country's 
economy gr ew robustly, averaging almost 7% annually from 2013 to 2019.  
1.8.  This strong economic growth was supported by large -scale infrastructure investment and the 
consequent demand for imports of capital -intensive goods, as well a s private consumption which 
was fuelled by workers' remittances. The pandemic slowed its economic growth: real GDP growth 
fell to 4.5% in 2020 and per capita GDP contracted. Restrictions on labour mobility caused by the 
pandemic led to contractions in remi ttances and hence lower imports.  
1.9.  Some Members, through their advance written questions, sought information regarding the 
impact of the COVID -19 pandemic on Tajikistan's economic environment.  
1.10.  Tajikistan's Development Programme defined action plans to trans form the economy from 
being driven mainly by public investment and remittances, to a new model of high -quality economic 
growth based on the promotion of private investment and the expansion of domestic supply and 
exports. In particular, the State programme  on export promotion and "import substitution" for 
2016-20 aimed to boost domestic production capacity, by providing incentives to both domestic and 
foreign producers.  Many Members expressed interest in learning more about the programme, and 
the incentive s provided to attract investment.  
1.11.  While remain ing fully committed to the multilateral trading system, Tajikistan also participated 
in a number of preferential agreements.  
1.12.  The Treaty on the Free Trade Area among members of the Commonwealth of Independent 
States (CIS FTA) came into force for Tajikistan in 2015. Tajikistan also signed bilateral free trade 
agreements with Ukraine and with Uzbekistan.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  1.13.  Some Members expressed their interest to know more about Tajikistan's RTA negotiation 
plans.  
1.14.  With regard to t rade policy, the tariff was Tajikistan's main trade policy instrument. 
Tajikistan's tariff structure was relatively simple, and it ha d bound all of its tariff lines. The difference 
between the average bound rate (8.0%) and the average applied MFN rate (7.9 %) was very small.  
1.15.  This small gap ensure d largely predictable and stable market access conditions. Some 
Members expressed their concern on the breaching of WTO bound rates for 31  tariff lines at the 
10-digit level.  
1.16.  Members' written questions indicate d that they would like to learn, among other things, more 
about the state of play of Tajikistan's WTO notifications ; customs procedures ; import and export 
licensing ; standards and technical regulations ; SPS requirements ; taxation and incentives ; 
state-owned enterprises ; government procurement ; competition policy ; and intellectual property 
rights protection.  
1.17.  In terms of sectoral trade policies, Members were interested in having more clarity on 
agricultural regulatory fram ework ; policy and measures; development of hydro and coal facilities to 
address energy shortages ; and international commitments to limit greenhouse gas emissions; 
policies to mitigate difficulties in developing mining and quarrying projects; rationale for maintaining 
market access limitations in certain services sectors; and competition issues in transport.  
1.18.  In total, Tajikistan received 156 advance written questions from 13 delegations for this 
Review, out of which 134 were sent within the established dead line, covering a broad range of topics. 
Prior to this meeting . Prior to the meeting, Tajikistan provided written replies to almost all  or a large 
part of these questions and the Chairperson looked forward to hearing Tajikistan's updates on these 
during the  second day of the  session.  
1.19.  This meeting w as a good opportunity for Members to discuss in greater detail issues of interest 
to them and of systemic importance to the multilateral trading system. It was also an opportune 
moment for Tajikistan to update the Membership on the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic on its 
economy and measures it ha d taken in response. The Chairperson looked forward to a fruitful 
exchange.  
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  2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF TAJIKISTAN ( H.E. MR ZAVKIZODA 
ZAVKI AMIN ) 
2.1.  It is a privilege for me to lead Tajikistan delegation that came from Tajikistan on the country's 
1st Trade Policy Review.  
2.2.  I would like to thank H.E.  Mr Taeho  Lee, Ambassador of Korea for being a discussant of this 
review and the Chair of the Trade Policy Review Body (TPRB) H.E.  Dr Ambassador Athaliah Lesiba 
Molokomme of Botswana for the introductory remarks.  
2.3.  I would also like to extend our appreciation to the WTO Secretariat, personally to Head of TPR 
Division Mr  Willy Alfaro and his team for their  close cooperation throughout this process. I would 
also like to thank Members for attendance at Tajikistan's first TPR both physically and online.  
2.4.  We have worked intensively to conduct the first TPR meeting of Tajikistan despite the 
challenges caused by the COVID -19 pandemic. As you know the first TPR of Tajikistan initially was 
scheduled to take place in April 2020, but due to COVID -19 it was postponed until today. Let me 
also extend our appreciation for the Members' great interest in Tajikistan's trade policy.  
2.5.  We have received 156  questions including 17  written questions submitted after the deadline. 
We have been working hard with the relevant government agencies to provide the answers. By now, 
written responses have been circulated for 139  questions an d we assure you the remaining 
responses will be provided in due course, within the required timeframe.  
2.6.  We are pleased to share and exchange views with members about Tajikistan WTO membership 
and the country's role in the multilateral trading system since i ts WTO accession in 2013.  
2.7.  The TPR reports of the Republic of Tajikistan have been prepared and submitted to the Trade 
Policy Review Body with the purpose of presenting key achievements in economic and trade 
development since 2013. At the initiative and wi th the direct support of the President of the Republic 
of Tajikistan, Leader of the Nation, H.E.  Mr Emomali Rahmon Tajikistan became a Member of the 
WTO on 2  March  2013, after more than 11  years of negotiations.  
2.8.  After the accession to the WTO a number of significant reforms were undertaken to ensure 
macroeconomic stability, streamline trade procedures, increase export capacity and attract 
investment into the economy. Tajikistan pays special attention to the multilateral trading system 
and over the 30  years of Independence the trade turnover of the country increased by 35  times and 
the number of trading partners reached 110  countries.   
2.9.  The National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period u p to 2030, and 
the Medium -Term Development Programs of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period of 2016 -2020 
and 2021 -2025 identified uplifting a standard of living for every citizen of the country as ultimate 
goal, and ensuring energy independence, food security, exiting from the connectivity deadlock and 
enhanced industrialization of the country as strategic goals.  
2.10.  To achieve these goals, a set of measures have been implemented to ensure macroeconomic 
stability, institutional strengthening, and human and  regional capacity building. In recent years, the 
global economic and financial crises, trade conflicts and economic sanctions applied by some 
countries on their trading partners and the COVID -19 pandemic has affected the global economy, 
including the nati onal economy of Tajikistan, in particular its foreign trade, investment and the 
remittances.  
2.11.  The President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Leader of the Nation, H.E.  Mr Emomali Rahmon 
determined export promotion, export diversification , and trade simplific ation as key priorities of the 
Government's policy. Tajikistan h as been implementing necessary  actions to promote exports based 
on enormous potential in green economy, including environmentally clean energy and pure organic 
fruits and vegetables. Tajikista n has switched its policy to export -oriented and the state program on 
export development of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2021 -2025 was adopted. With the aim of 
coordinating macroeconomic policy and preventing the impact of possible risks to the national 
economy the Government of Tajikistan adopted and implemented an Anti -crisis Action Plan. Within 
the framework of this Action Plan, the Government of Tajikistan has pursued a number of reforms WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  to ensure competitiveness of domestic goods ; sustainable operati on of state enterprises and banks ; 
strengthening the investment climate ; business development ; and facilitation of trade procedures . 
2.12.  As a result of the reforms that were introduced during the WTO membership over the period 
2013-20, Tajikistan demonstrated remarkable progress and managed to ensure average economic 
growth of 7%. The Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased by 2 times, GDP per capita by 
1.7 times, industrial production by 2 .1 times, investments in fixed capital formation by 2 .2 times, 
agricultural production by 1 .3 times, retail trade by 1 .6 times and state budget by 1 .9 times.  
2.13.  The growth of the services sector was significant and its share to GDP was 37 .1% in 2020. 
The growth of trade in services in 2013 -20 achieved about 10% per year . The country's poverty rate 
is on a downward trend, reduced from 35.6% in 2013 to 26 .3% in 2020. During 2013 -20, the 
inflation rate remained at the single digit level. In 2020 the economy of Tajikistan like other world 
countries functioned under severe co nsequences of the COVID -19 pandemic and the GDP growth 
slowed down to 4 .5%, which was by three  percentage points lower than in 2019.  
2.14.  Thanks to anti -crisis measures properly taken by the Government the worse outcome had 
been prevented. During the ten month s of 2021, the country's GDP grew by 9% due to implemented 
anti-crisis measures and gradual relaxation of travel and freight restrictions in trade partners of the 
country. The inflation rate was 6.3%. During the period of almost nine years of its WTO membe rship 
Tajikistan continued to fully comply with the WTO commitments and had successfully implemented 
useful reforms on various directions. The Group on WTO affairs under the Permanent Mission of the 
Republic of Tajikistan to the UN Office and other interna tional organizations in Geneva and new WTO 
affairs Department in the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Tajikistan 
were established.  
2.15.  The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan adopted the Program of Adjustment of the 
Economy o f the Republic of Tajikistan Related to the membership in the WTO. Pursuing the 
non-discriminatory  principals of the WTO, the reforms outlined in this Program cover important 
aspects of trade. Tajikistan ratified and notified its commitments under the Cate gory A, B and C 
provisions of the TFA to the WTO and established Coordination Committee on Trade Facilitation. The 
Republic of Tajikistan is committed to implement its obligations under the Trade Facilitation 
Agreement, including the measures notified in c ategories B and C.  
2.16.  I would like to emphasise that two complex measures have been implemented by the 
Government of the Republic of Tajikistan before the deadline. As an example, the implementation 
of Article  7.7 of TFA (Trade Facilitation Measures for Auth orized Operators) was due to 
31 December  2022 and the implementation of the Article  10.4 of the TFA (Single Window) was due 
to 31  December  2023. In order to comply with the Article  11 of the TFA the Customs Service was 
appointed as the Coordinating body fo r the transit operations. With the aim of implementation of 
Article  1 of the TFA Tajikistan Trade Portal was officially launched in 2019. The Single Window on 
Simplification of Export, Import , and Transit Procedures in the Republic of Tajikistan was launch ed 
in 2020.  
2.17.  The Republic of Tajikistan in line with its commitments submitted to the WTO more than 
45 notifications in various areas (such as intellectual property, technical barriers to trade, import 
licensing, rules of origin, simplification of trade procedures, subsidy and countervailing measures, 
agriculture, free trade areas, services, etc). The Republic of Tajikistan accepted the Protocol 
amending the Agreement on Trade -Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)  in 2016 
and at the 11th WTO Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires in 2017 with other 69  Members (by now 
106 Members) cosponsored the JSI on Investment Facilitation for Development. The Republic of 
Tajikistan hosted the "Third China Round Table" in Dushan be in 2015. Tajikistan is finalising the 
process of ratification to join the Framework Agreement on Facilitation of Cross -border Paperless 
Trade in Asia and the Pacific.  
2.18.  Tajikistan is promoting digitalization of economy and trade to unlock existing potenti als to 
sustainable economic development. For this purpose,  a new five-year Program on Development of 
Digital Economy in the Republic of Tajikistan, a new Law on E -Commerce, Law on Digital Signature, 
Law On electronic documents had been approved  or are bein g adopted.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  2.19.  We consider today's TPR as a great opportunity to hear Member's comments and views and 
look forward to constructive discussion. We assure you that your comments, questions and 
recommendations would be appropriately  addressed and noted.  
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  3  STATEM ENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  
3.1.  It is my great honor and pleasure to participate in this TPR exercise on the Republic of Tajikistan 
as discussant today. Let me echo the Chair in welcoming the delegation from the Republic of 
Tajikistan, headed by H.E.  Mr Zavqizoda Zavqi Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade. 
It would have been much better had the Minister been able to attend both the MC12 and today's 
TPR. However, the fact that this TPR is taking place with your presence is a reminder that Omicr on 
did not succeed in grinding the work of the WTO to a halt.  
3.2.  Today's TPR is very special , not just because it is the first TPR of this young and dynamic 
country, but also because this year marks the 30th anniversary of Tajikistan's independence. To put 
the significance of today into perspective, we may look back at how Tajikistan made its way into 
the WTO. It was during the 10th anniversary of its independence in 2001 that Tajikistan applied for 
a Membership of the WTO. It took less than 10  years to go fr om the first meeting of the 
Working  Party on Tajikistan's Accession to the WTO's approval of its membership in 2012, not long 
after the 20th anniversary of its independence. This is no mean feat, especially when we consider 
the amount of time it has recent ly been taking for countries to accede to the WTO. It is a credit to 
Tajikistan's consistent political commitment to reform, which is part and parcel of a swift accession 
process.  
3.3.  What is worth noting is the level of ambition shown by Tajikistan in commit ting itself to the 
multilateral trading system, notwithstanding the modest level of its per capita income. As you noted 
in your opening statement,  Dushanbe committed to applying all WTO provisions from the date of its 
accession without recourse to transiti onal periods. It signed the Information Technology Agreement 
upon accession. In line with its commitment, it also applied for GPA accessions in early  2015. One 
year after its entry, Tajikistan notified the WTO of its commitments in Category  A under the Tra de 
Facilitation Agreement for implementation in full upon the entry into force of the  TFA.  
Macroeconomic trends  
 
3.4.  So how has Tajikistan been doing on the macro -economic level in the years since it joined the 
WTO in 2013?  Let's start with the positive side of the picture.  
3.5.  First, the economic growth rate throughout the review period was a robust 6.7%, with growth 
slowing to 4.5% last year due to the pandemic. To be sure, the average growth rate for the 
eight years preceding WTO entry was actually slightly higher  6.84%. But t he fact that Tajikistan's 
export basket has been diversifying, from one being dominated by aluminum and cotton, to one that 
includes more textiles, cement , and mineral products is an unmitigated plus.  
3.6.  Second, people below the national poverty line fell fr om 35.6% of the population in 2013 to 
27.4% in 2018.  
3.7.  Third, the share of tourism in GDP rose from 1.4% to 2.2% during the review period, with 
inbound tourists increasing more than sixfold. This is an outcome that the Government attributes to 
its reforms. This is an encouraging development since , much like our host country , Tajikistan is 
blessed with beautiful mountains and scenic fresh lakes which can be tapped in the service of its 
economy. Speaking of water, more than 60% of the water resources in Centra l Asia are said to 
originate in Tajikistan , a huge opportunity for the development of green energy. Indeed, some 
analysis place Tajikistan 6th in green energy production.   
3.8.  Now, turning to the other side of the picture. Although real GDP growth has been rob ust, GDP 
per capita has not been growing. Moreover, only half of its working -age population are officially 
employed, suggesting a high degree of informality in the economy and labour migrants abroad. 
Indeed, Tajikistan remittance inflows account for about one third of its GDP. Furthermore, trade in 
goods and services, as a share of GDP, fell from 74% when it entered the WTO, to less than 60% in 
the last several years.  
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  Trade and investment regime  
 
3.9.  What about Tajikistan's trade and investment policy regime during the review period?  Again, 
let me start with the positive side.  
3.10.  It's hard to overstate the importance of trade facilitation and transit trade for a landlocked 
developing country such as Tajikistan. In this regard, the range of efforts Dushanbe  has made to 
streamline trade and investment procedures are commendable.  
3.11.  In particular, I wish to highlight the single window. In 2019 Tajikistan ratified the 
Trade  Facilitation  Agreement and launched a trade portal which provides information related to 
import/export and transit procedures, followed by the launch of a pilot Single Window to connect 
authorities that issue relevant authorizations. As some Members have suggested in their 
written  questions,  it would be very useful to have an update on the func tioning of this 
Single  Window  System, which went into full implementation last year.  
3.12.  The efforts to establish a single window for investors merit mentioning here. This regime is 
intended to facilitate the issuance of licenses, permits, and visas for inves tors. This is part of a 
broader push to enhance the role of private investment and diversify its industrial base, as laid out 
in the National Development Strategy 2016 -30 and the Mid -Term Economic Development 
Programme for 2016 -20. Tajikistan's determinati on to make life easier for investors is underlined by 
the fact that Tajikistan is currently participating in the JSI on investment facilitation here at the 
WTO.  
3.13.  Efforts to enhance transparency in government procurement are also underway, including 
with a single window. Moreover, the legal framework for procurement has been undergoing 
important reforms to ensure compliance with the GPA.  
3.14.  These are laudable initiatives that will help Tajikistan to better integrate itself into the global 
value chain and more fully harness the benefits of an open economy.  
3.15.  Now we must circle back to the other side of the picture. No government is perfect. The recent 
Trade Policy Reviews, including that on Korea, showed that Members have much work to do. 
Tajikistan is no exceptio n.  
3.16.  First of all, there are aspects of Tajikistan's trade policy regime that were not evident at the 
time of accession, but which seem to have become more apparent in recent years. The Secretariat 
report  indicates that Tajikistan has been implementing an " import substitution programme" 
since 2013, the year of accession , and that this programme has been integrated into Tajikistan's 
development strategy 2030.  Several Members have expressed their interest in knowing more about 
this program me and raised relevan t points in their written questions.  Minister Zavqizoda's 
explanation as well as Tajikistan's advance responses to the questions about the recent changes 
that have been made to this programme shed some light to this issue and I appreciate that.  
3.17.  On a second , and somewhat related  point, it seems that Tajikistan has some work to do in 
terms of its notifications to the WTO. To be sure, a number of notifications have been submitted to 
the WTO, including its intellectual property legislations, for instance. But s ome remain outstanding: 
not least, notifications under the TRIMS. More transparency about TRIMS could help address 
questions surrounding import substitution.  
3.18.  Third, I take note of Dushanbe's worthy strategic goal of easing the so -called "communication 
deadlock" and develop the country's transit potential. As some Members have pointed out,  
accelerated implementation of TFA commitments should be conducive to achieving that goal.  
Conclusion  
 
3.19.  I wish to wrap up my observations on a very positive note. To remain optimistic, I need go 
no further than the Government's report, which states – and I quote - "priorities would be given to 
ensuring democratic governance, the rule of law, the protection o f human rights and empowerment 
in the country".  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  
RUSSIAN  FEDERATION  
4.1.  I would like to extend a warm welcome to the delegation of Tajikistan headed by the Minister 
of Economic Development and Trade H.E.  Mr Zavkizoda Zavki  Amin. We appreciate the 
comprehensive reports by the Government and the WTO Secretariat. Our thanks also go to the 
discussant, H.E.  Mr Taeho Lee, for his thoughtful remarks. Although preparations for a TPR can be 
a gruelling and exhausting experience, esp ecially for the first time and amid COVID constraints, it 
provides many valuable insights for all involved parties through sharing of experience and good 
practices. I hope that Tajikistan benefits from this exercise.  
4.2.  Russia and Tajikistan are closely linke d through long -standing strategic partnership relations. 
Trade and economic collaboration between our countries is developing on a solid basis of various 
bilateral intergovernmental agreements and programs and is guided by the Intergovernmental 
commission on economic cooperation. Trade and economic interaction is progressively developing, 
including in the field of energy, transport, construction, and agriculture.  
4.3.  The Russian Federation has traditionally been Tajikistan's leading trading partner. In 2020, th e 
share of our country in the Republic's trade turnover amounted to over 21%. Bilateral trade in 2020 
totalled  USD 838.2 million (a decrease of 15.3% compared to 2019). In the first  half of 2021, trade 
turnover demonstrated an increase of more than 43%, am ounting to USD  522.6  million. We hope 
that through our joint efforts this upwards trend will persist.  
4.4.  In the rating of investors in the Republic of Tajikistan, Russia also occupies a leading position. 
The total volume of accumulated investments from Russia  as of 1  January  2021 was USD  1.6 billion 
(16% of the total foreign investment in the country), of which FDIs – USD 0.8 billion (17.7% of total 
direct investment).  
4.5.  Currently, there are over 310  enterprises with Russian participation in the country. The 
40 largest companies are engaged in communications and communications, energy, financial 
services , and agriculture.  
4.6.  We commend Tajikistan on maintaining a fairly open  trade and investment regime, as well as 
for its unwavering support for the multilateral trading system since the accession to the WTO in 
2013. We welcome Dushanbe 's accession to the WTO Agreements, including ITA, GPA, TFA and 
others.  
4.7.  Russia has submitted a number of advance written questions to Tajikistan. We look forward to 
reviewing comprehensive replies.  
4.8.  In conclusion, we would like to thank you, M adame  Chair, the delegation of Tajikistan, the 
Secretariat , and the discussant, for the impressive work don e so far and wish Dushanbe a successful 
Trade Policy Review.  
CANADA  
4.9.  Canada joins others in welcoming H .E. Mr Jamshed Khamidov and the Delegation of the 
Republic of Tajikistan to its first Trade Policy Review. We would like to express our appreciation to 
the Government of Tajikistan and the WTO Secretariat for their high -quality reports.  
4.10.  First of all, we would like to acknowledge Tajikistan 's efforts to minimize the negative impacts 
of the COVID -19 pandemic on the economy through the March  2020 Action Plan,  which includes 
offering tax and credit relief to vulnerable groups and domestic entrepreneurs. We stand ready to 
cooperate with Tajikistan to address challenges we are facing to rebuild a more inclusive and 
sustainable global economy as we recover from th e economic repercussions of the COVID -19 
pandemic moving forward.  
4.11.  Second, we welcome Tajikistan 's efforts to improve its business environment through the 
introduction of a number of measures to facilitate trade and investment. It was encouraging to see WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  Tajikistan 's commitment to the full implementation of the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), the 
issuance of the Registration Exporter System (RES) certificate by the European Union to Tajik 
authorities, and the termination of the temporary export ban as a result of the COVID -19 pandemic.  
4.12.  Canada shares the perspective of the Secretariat that there is an urgent need to further 
diversify Tajikistan 's economy to promote economic growth that results in sufficient formal 
employment opportunities. Tajikistan 's high dependency on commodity exports and remittances 
makes its economy especially vulnerable to external shocks like the COVID -19 pandemic, which has 
had a negative impact on goods movement, migrant workers and income transfers around the world.  
4.13.  The Trade P olicy Review reports demonstrate that Tajikistan would benefit from addressing 
obstacles in its financial system and infrastructure bottlenecks, in order to attract more private 
investment, diversify and upgrade exports, and create non -farm employment oppo rtunities to fully 
unlock its strong growth potential.  
4.14.  Canada also encourages Tajikistan to address the current obstacles to further improve the 
business environment for both small and medium -sized enterprises (SMEs) and international 
investors. While we a pplaud the various reform initiatives undertaken by the authorities to 
streamline business registration procedures, strengthen the land tenure framework, and ease the 
burden of licensing and inspection, various improvements can be made to help clarify FDI -specific 
legislation, ease the taxation regime for SMEs, and address discretionary application of licensing, 
tax and price regulations. This ties in with the previous point on the diversification of Tajikistan 's 
domestic economy, as increased FDI inflows i nto sectors beyond the energy and mining sectors can 
help reinforce the growth of SMEs as well as the private sector share of the economy.  
4.15.  Canada welcomes Tajikistan 's support for the Buenos Aires declaration on Women and Trade, 
and encourages them to con tinue with their engagement on this issue. We equally welcome 
Tajikistan 's participation as an observer at the WTO GPA and encourage continued progress in its 
accession. We encourage Tajikistan to join other Members in enhancing engagement on 
environmental  issues by joining the Trade and Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussions. 
We also encourage them to consider joining the Joint Statement Initiatives on Services Domestic 
Regulation and, Micro, Small and Medium -Sized Enterprises.  
4.16.  Canada looks f orward to increasing merchandise exports and imports with Tajikistan and 
working to develop Tajikistan 's hydroelectric potential in the future, building on Canada 's expertise 
in hydroelectric projects and existing work in transboundary water management. In  relation to the 
WTO's deliberative function, Canada notes that Tajikistan has not submitted the required 
notifications under several agreements. As such, we ask Tajikistan to submit the outstanding 
notifications as soon as possible and to seek assistance where required.  
4.17.  In conclusion, Canada encourages Tajikistan to continue its reforms to improve the investment 
and business climate, so that more Canadian and international businesses and investors can start 
engaging in the local markets of Tajikistan in the near future. P olicies aimed at expanding trade and 
investment will ultimately benefit the citizens of Tajikistan and bring them increased prosperity.  
4.18.  We hope to continue working with Tajikistan to strengthen the WTO and the multilateral 
trading system to reduce depende ncy on external factors, raise living standards, promote 
sustainable development, and achieve inclusive growth.  
ICELAND  
4.19.  The COVID -19 pandemic does not only have negative effects on our economies and trade. It 
also impacts our work at the WTO, resulting in the postponement of MC12 as well as other events 
such as Tajikistan 's first Trade Policy Review that was scheduled to take place in April  2020. It is 
therefore a pleasure to welcome the distinguished delegation of Tajikistan to their Trade Policy 
Review to day. We also express appreciation to the WTO Secretariat and Tajikistan for the reports 
prepared, as well as to the discussant, for the excellent framing of the issues for our discussion 
today.  
4.20.  As stated in the Secretariat 's first Trade Policy Review repor t, Tajikistan 's economic outlook 
remained positive with abundant hydro resources and a young population. This still applies but as WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  we have all be reminded of in the past weeks everything is depended on the evolution of the health 
crisis.  
4.21.  Iceland welcomes t he actions taken by Tajikistan to counter the impact of the pandemic. As 
the health crisis evolves it has disclosed new challenges relating to trade and trade -related activities. 
It is widely recognised that the pandemic has affected women much harder that  men and preventing 
them from participating in trade.  
4.22.  By not addressing that fact countries are losing out on maximising their gain as studies show 
that gender equality and women 's economic empowerment benefits economies in many concrete 
ways including ha ving a positive effect on trade and contributing to increasing economic growth.  
4.23.  Therefore, it is important to identify barriers that women face when it comes to participating 
in trade as it will help in the development of policies and programs that encour age women 's 
participation in national and international trade.  
4.24.  Important tool in advancing women 's economic empowerment is sharing of best practices of 
respective experiences relating to those policies and programs, a work that the Informal Working 
Group on Trade and Gender has been focusing on and is laid out in the Joint Ministerial Declaration 
on the advancement of gender equality and women 's economic empowerment within trade.  
4.25.  As the Trade Policy Review provides an excellent opportunity to gather information, Iceland 
has submitted in advance written questions on the participation of women in the economy of 
Tajikistan. We welcome the replies as the answers will be useful in gathering best practices.  
4.26.  Finally, as one of the co -chairs of the Informal W orking Group on Trade and Gender, Iceland 
welcomes Tajikistan decision to join the large group of Members supporting the Joint Ministerial 
Declaration on the advancement of gender equality and women 's economic empowerment within 
trade.  
4.27.  Iceland appreciates Tajikistan 's active engagement in WTO and their continued support for 
the multilateral trading system. We wish the delegation of Tajikistan every success for their first 
Trade Policy Review.  
SINGAPORE  
4.28.  Singapore warmly welcomes Minister of Economic Developm ent and Trade , Mr Zavkizoda 
Zavki Amin , and his delegation to Geneva, and congratulates Tajikistan on its first  Trade Policy 
Review, which is a key milestone. We would like to express our appreciation to Tajikistan for its 
comprehensive Government report and statement. Our thanks also go to the Chair 
Ambassador  Athaliah Molokomme, discussant Ambassador  Taeho  Lee, as  well as the Secretariat for 
their invaluable insights. Allow me to make three points.  
4.29.  First, Singapore and Tajikistan share longstanding relations. In fact, in two days, we mark 
26 years of diplomatic relations. There is more we can do to strengthen bilat eral economic relations, 
such as through the signing of an Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement which will lower barriers 
to cross -border investment and enable more companies to explore opportunities in Tajikistan and 
Singapore.  
4.30.  Singapore also commends Tajikistan 's efforts in modernising its banking services through the 
introduction of mobile and internet banking, and electronic money transfer technologies and we look 
forward to exploring collaboration in this area.  
4.31.  Second, Singapore commends Tajikistan 's strong economic recovery from the COVID -19 
pandemic. According to the World Bank 's Annual Report, Tajikistan 's economy has experienced a 
fast recovery from the COVID -19 pandemic with real GDP growth of 8.7 % in the first half of 2021, 
almost double of the  economic growth rates in 2020. This can be attributed to the government 's 
able and decisive leadership in its COVID -19 response, and implementation of its Action Plan on the 
prevention and reduction of the potential impact of COVID -19 on the economy. For example, the 
Tajikistan government offered a tax and credit relief of more than US D 39.8 million to support WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  vulnerable groups and domestic entrepreneurs. We also welcome Tajikistan 's National Development 
Strategy, which aims to uplift the standard of life for its citizens by ensuring energy independence, 
food security, industrialisation, and connectivity. Singapore wishes Tajikistan further advances in 
the implementation of its National Development Strategy.  
4.32.  Third, on the multilateral front, Tajikistan has been a constructive and steadfast supporter of 
the WTO since its Membership in 2013. Tajikistan 's co-sponsorship of the Joint Communication on 
Systemic Issues in the lead up to MC12 reflected its strong support and commitment to uphold and 
strengthen the m ultilateral trading system and the WTO. In this regard, Singapore further 
encourages Tajikistan to consider joining the JSI on E -Commerce and environment -related initiatives 
which will help keep the WTO relevant and are closely aligned with Tajikistan’s de velopment efforts.  
4.33.  In closing, I wish Tajikistan every success for its first T rade Policy Review . 
INDIA   
4.34.  Let me begin by extending a warm welcome to the delegation of led by H.E. Mr Zavkizoda 
Zavki Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade of Tajik istan. India is pleased to be a part 
of the first  Trade Policy Review of Tajikistan. My delegation would further, like to commend the 
government of Tajikistan, the delegation in Geneva led by H.E.  Mr Jamshed Khamidov , Permanent 
Representative  and Ambassador of Tajikistan as well as the WTO Secretariat for their comprehensive 
reports. I would also thank the discussant H.E.  Mr Taeho L ee of Korea for his insightful remarks.  
4.35.  India, and Tajikistan share cordial bilateral relations characterized by strong historical, 
cultural, and linguistic ties. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992, regular high -level 
visits and engagement between the two countries have cemented the bilateral ties. The deep rooted 
historical and cultural linkages  have helped expand and widen the relationship to a new level and 
bilateral engagement between the two countries now encompasses all aspects of human endeavour.  
4.36.  India remains committed to play the role of a development and aid partner for Tajikistan, in 
this capacity, since the outbreak of the pandemic India has continued humanitarian medical 
assistance to Tajikistan in the form of shipment of medicines, medical supplies and vaccines.  
4.37.  The bilateral trade has seen a consistent growth over the past three fi nancial years with the 
total trade reaching USD 54 million in 2020 -2021, as opposed to USD 24 million in 2019 -2020. 
India's exports to Tajikistan mainly consist of pharmaceuticals ; medical preparations ; cane or beet 
sugar ; tea; handicraft ; and machinery. I ndian pharmaceutical products serve approximately 25% of 
Tajik market. Tajikistan exports various ores ; slag and ash ; aluminium ; organic chemicals ; herbal 
oils; dried fruits ; and cotton to India.  
4.38.  We note with appreciation the report provided by the Secret ariat for this Trade Policy Review. 
We note that Tajikistan follows a relatively open trade and investment regime. This has contributed 
to achieving a robust economic growth for Tajikistan, averaging nearly 7% annually, during the 
period under review i.e.,  2013-2019. This growth is fuelled by domestic demand, owing to 
large-scale infrastructure investments, as well as growing private consumption supported by 
workers' remittances, that play significant role in the economy.  
4.39.  It is worth highlighting that the trade policy is formulated in accordance with the National 
Development Strategy 2030, which set targets for GDP growth and diversification of exports. 
Tajikistan's Medium -Term Development Programme for 2016 -20 defined action plans for 
transforming the econ omy from being driven mainly by public investment and remittances, to a new 
model of high -quality economic growth based on the promotion of investment and the expansion of 
domestic supply and exports. These policies are underpinned by trade facilitative me asures for 
instance measures to ease customs procedures, and ease of doing business.  
4.40.  We are happy to note that the country has strong growth potential, in many sectors especially 
in hydroelectricity generation, power, transport, mining, cotton processing and the tourism sector. 
India is willing to extend and enhance our cooperation in harnessing this potential, for our mutual 
benefit. In this regard, we wish to highlight that the connectivity between our countries and some 
of the regulatory issues, particu larly SPS measures have been some of the major challenges WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  hampering expansion of our bilateral trade and economic engagements. We remain engaged with 
the Government of Tajikistan on these issues.  
4.41.  We wish to thank Tajikistan for their replies to the various  questions posed by my delegation 
that will be studied carefully by my capital. India will continue to partner with Tajikistan at the WTO, 
the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, as well as other fora, we look forward to further expanding 
and strengthening our trade and investment ties for our mutual benefit. We wish the delegation of 
Tajikistan a productive and successful Trade Policy Review.  
UNITED  STATES  
4.42.  The United States is pleased to welcome  Mr Zavkizoda  Zavki Amin  and the rest of the Tajik 
delegation to the first Trade Policy Review of Tajikistan.  We welcome the Secretariat and 
Government reports and appreciate the opportunity to gain a clearer sense of the changes to 
Tajikistan 's trade and investment policies sinc e its accession to the WTO in 2013.  
4.43.  The United States and Tajikistan enjoy a partnership across a range of issues based on shared 
values and principles. Our Governments regularly consult with each other on issues of mutual 
importance and both recognize the  value of continued cooperation on issues such as international 
trade. Our two Governments met as part of the US -Central Asia Trade and Investment Framework 
Agreement (TIFA) meetings in late March, early April  2021.  
4.44.  The United  States provides various form s of technical and foreign assistance to support the 
Tajik Government and economic operators in Tajikistan to further develop the economy and take 
advantage of trade opportunities. The U S Department of Commerce 's Commercial Law Development 
Program (CLDP) h as helped facilitate engagement of TIFA working groups on customs ; sanitary and 
phytosanitary measures ; standards ; intellectual property (IP) ; and women 's economic 
empowerment. On a bilateral level, CLDP 's programming in Tajikistan includes targeted assist ance 
in the spheres of government procurement and IP.  
4.45.  The U S Agency for International Development (USAID) assists the Tajik Government in the 
implementation of its economic policy reform agenda to promote business development, economic 
growth, and job cre ation. USAID is working in the areas of energy and agricultural trade, among 
others.  
4.46.  In our questions today, we would like to better understand Tajikistan 's policies (including any 
policy changes) in the protection and enforcement of IP ; agricultural trade  and tariffs ; rules of origin ; 
sanitary and phytosanitary measures ; and treatment of state -owned enterprises.  
4.47.  In closing, I would like to emphasize that Tajikistan is a valued partner of the United  States, 
and that our cooperation in the WTO is a key element of our partnership. We look forward to working 
closely with Tajikistan and our WTO partners to strengthen and build on the WTO's rules -based 
system. We wish Tajikistan productive dialogue during this Trade Policy Review and we thank the 
delegation for its attention to our questions.  
UKRAINE  
4.48.  On behalf of Ukraine, I would like to warmly welcome the distinguished delegation of Tajikistan 
led by H.E.  Mr Zavkizoda Zavki Amin, Minister of Economic Devel opment and Trade of Tajikistan.  
4.49.  At the outset, we would also like to commend the work of the WTO Secretariat and the 
Government of Tajikistan in preparing comprehensive reports and acknowledge insightful remarks 
by the distinguished discussant.  
4.50.  The first Trade  Policy Review of Tajikistan offers a good opportunity to deepen the 
understanding of trade and economic policy developments that took place following Tajikistan's 
accession to the WTO in 2013, as well as discover Government 's aspirations for th e future.  
4.51.  Ukraine acknowledges efforts undertaken by the Government of Tajikistan to improve its trade 
and investment environment and to tackle challenges caused by various factors, including the WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  COVID -19 pandemic. Ukraine believes that new and altered mea sures will enable Republic of 
Tajikistan to meet its strategic development goals set in the National Development Strategy for the 
period up to 2030 and to minimize the adverse effects of the pandemic and other economic shocks.  
4.52.  Ukraine recognizes Tajikistan 's strong commitment to the multilateral trading system and 
welcomes its acceptance of the 2005 Protocol Amending the TRIPS Agreement and ratification of the 
WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement.  
4.53.  On a bilateral level, Ukraine considers Republic of Tajikistan t o be a prospective trading 
partner. The COVID -19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy, as well as 
trade relations between Ukraine and Tajikistan. However, Ukraine is convinced that regardless the 
challenges, we can continue developin g our trade and economic relationships.  
4.54.  Despite the quarantine measures and restrictions imposed in response to the COVID -19 
pandemic, Ukraine remains a reliable trading partner. Being among top exporters of some 
agricultural products, Ukraine makes a gre at effort to ensure uninterrupted supply of food products 
and raw materials to foreign markets. Ukraine 's agricultural sector has significant production 
potential and is interested in attracting both domestic and foreign investments. In this context, the 
development of investment cooperation, which would consider the interests of both countries, could 
give additional impetus to trade and economic cooperation between our countries.  
4.55.  Ukraine is interested in market access improvements and reaffirms readiness t o further 
enhance mutually beneficial cooperation with Tajikistan, including in the agricultural sector, so as to 
increase bilateral trade and investments.  
4.56.  Ukraine has submitted a number of questions with the regard to the reports prepared by the 
Governmen t of Tajikistan and the WTO Secretariat. The main areas of interest were measures 
related to the development of Tajikistan 's agricultural sector; reforms to streamline tax 
administration features of the free trade zones; particularities of preparing and ap proving National 
Intellectual Property Development Strategy.  
4.57.  Our experts in the capital are looking forward to examining the responses by the Government 
of Tajikistan.  
4.58.  In conclusion, we would like to wish the delegation of Tajikistan a very successful firs t Trade 
Policy Review and we are looking forward to further strengthening our bilateral relations as well as 
cooperation across different WTO Bodies on issues of mutual interest.  
EUROPEAN  UNION  
4.59.  On behalf of the EU, I would first like to welcome the delegat ion of Tajikistan, led by 
H.E. Mr Zavkizoda Zavki Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade. I would also like to 
thank the WTO Secretariat and the Tajik Government for their reports and the respective updates 
since the postponement from the last ye ar due to the outbreak of the COVID -19 pandemic. Let me 
extend our appreciation to the discussant, H.E.  Mr Taeho Lee (Republic of Korea) for his remarks.  
4.60.  I would like to begin by noting that this is Tajikistan 's first  Trade Policy Review since joining 
the WTO in 2013. We share a strong commitment to the WTO, and we look forward to further 
working together to strengthen the rules -based multilateral trading system.  
4.61.  We regret that MC12 could not go ahead as foreseen between 30  November and 3  December. 
We none theless consider that the postponement was the right decision given the worsening 
epidemiological situation, and also in order to safeguard the inclusivity of the negotiating process. 
The EU agrees that the current momentum should be sustained in all areas  and would like to 
encourage Tajikistan to actively engage. The EU would in particular urge Tajikistan to consider 
joining the initiative services domestic regulation, which was successfully concluded on 2  December.  
4.62.  Tajikistan was the second country in Ce ntral Asia to join the WTO, after Kyrgyzstan and before 
Kazakhstan. Since joining the WTO in 2013, Tajikistan has confirmed the dynamic growth trend that 
was already observed the years prior, and GDP growth averaged 7.0% over the 2013 -2018 period.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4.63.  Moreove r, it has benefited from an impressive increase in trade with exports having doubled 
from USD 527 million  in 2014 to USD 1.06 billion  in 2019 and we consider that there is still room 
for increasing trade flows with the EU and other WTO Members.  
4.64.  The EU aims to update its Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with Tajikistan and the 
envisaged Agreement (EPCA) should boost political dialog ue as well as economic and trade 
cooperation between our two sides.  
4.65.  As mentioned in the Secretariat report , Tajikistan benefits from various generalised systems 
of preferences, including the standard EU GSP scheme, which gives preferential access of expor ts 
from Tajikistan to the EU market. Tajikistan has recently taken steps to join the EU 's Special 
Incentive Arrangement for Sustainable Development and Good Governance (GSP+), which can act 
as a positive political and economic signal to the international c ommunity and business that the 
country is binding itself to international law and continuous, transparent monitoring. The EU also 
welcomes Tajikistan 's interest in applying for GSP+, as a means to support sustainable economic 
recovery and boost trade, as w ell as effective implementation of international human and labour 
rights standards. We stand ready to support Tajikistan throughout this process, including through 
further technical discussions on the issues raised.  
4.66.  As highlighted in the Secretariat's report, the authorities have launched various reform 
initiatives aimed at improving the business climate, including the streamlining of business 
registration procedures through the one -stop-shop system for investors, strengthening land tenure 
and reducing the burden of licensing and inspections. The EU welcomes these reforms, which have 
contributed to a gradual increase in the number of small and medium -sized enterprises (SMEs) as 
well as the share of the private sector in the economy.  
4.67.  However, although these r eforms are clearly well oriented, a lot of work remains to be done 
as the obstacles for entrepreneurship, investment and private businesses in general remain quite 
high. These include a lack of clarity in the specific FDI legislation as eligibility conditi ons for 
investment incentives are not fully specified; difficulties for investors to access land, a heavy tax 
burden, especially for SMEs, and discretionary enforcement of licensing, tax and pricing regulations. 
Also, the number of SOEs remains considerabl e, and some still have market dominance, particularly 
in the telecommunications, transport, and energy sectors.  
4.68.  Accession to the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement and an opening of strategic 
sectors to foreign investors would also help improve the b usiness and investment climate in 
Tajikistan. We would also like to remind the importance of notifying draft technical regulations as 
required by the TBT Agreement.  
4.69.  Various improvements to customs procedures were made during the review period, for 
example  among others, in July  2019 Tajikistan ratified the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement and 
provided for the creation of the Coordination Committee on Facilitation of Trade Procedures, and the 
Tajikistan Trade Facilitation Committee. However, despite of these  improvements Tajikistan still 
ranks low in the World Bank's indicators on trading across borders, at 148th out of 190  economies 
in 2019.  
4.70.  In conclusion, WTO membership does not improve business climate by itself, but is rather a 
tool that must be complemen ted by ongoing internal reform. The EU therefore encourages Tajikistan 
to proceed with its positive engagement with the multilateral trading system, and to further 
concretise its initiatives that will improve its business and investment climate, including with a view 
to attract capital necessary for the development of Tajikistan 's potential in the area of renewable 
energies.  
4.71.  On behalf of the EU, I wish the delegation of Tajikistan the utmost success during its first 
Trade Policy Review.  
DOMINICAN  REPUBLIC  
4.72.  First of all, we would like to welcome His Excellency Mr  Zavkizoda, Minister of Economic 
Development and Trade, and his delegation.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4.73.  We would also like to congratulate the discussant, His Excellency Mr  Taeho Lee, 
Ambassador  of the Republic of Korea , and the Secretariat for preparing the report.  
4.74.  We note with satisfaction that the economy of Tajikistan grew by 4.5% in 2020, despite the 
negative impact of COVID -19. The measures taken by the Government to mitigate the impact of the 
pandemic and attract foreign investment have been successful, which has been acknowledged by 
the International Monetary Fund.  
4.75.  Also noteworthy are the country's customs code reforms, which ensure compliance with 
commitments under the Trade Facilitation Agreement, and its fulfil ment of significant commitments 
with regard to notifications and transparency.  
4.76.  Since joining the WTO in 2013, Tajikistan has implemented a policy of open trade and 
openness to investment.  
4.77.  The Dominican Republic congratulates Tajikistan on its achievements.  We believe that the 
country has great potential owing to its human and natural resources.  
4.78.  Lastly, we wish to express our thanks for Tajikistan's timely replies to the questions posed by 
the Dominican Republic in relation to various points in the report an d wish Tajikistan every success 
in its Review.  
CHINA  
4.79.  Let me join others in warmly welcoming the Tajikistan delegation led by H.E.  Mr Zavkizoda 
Zavki  Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade and the Mission of Tajikistan in Geneva 
led by H.E.  Ambassador Jamshed Khamidov  to Tajikistan 's first Trade Policy Review.  
4.80.  I also wish to thank you, Chair and the Secretariat for your hard work, and our di stinguished 
discussant, H.E.  Mr Taeho L ee for facilitating this TPR meeting and providing insightful comments.  
4.81.  Since its accession to WTO in 2013, Tajikistan 's annual economic growth averaged 7% from 
2013-2019 with trade as a major driver. It is well noted  that the Government endeavors to diversify 
its export basket, expand domestic supplies and promote investment during the review period, which 
have contributed directly to the poverty reduction in the country.  
4.82.  It is also notable that the Tajik government h as adopted new strategies, policy regimes, 
instrument , and tools to reform its financial and banking sector, which has, as the Government 
report put it, "for the first time in the history ", brought the country into the international capital 
market, introdu ced modern banking service and assigned sovereign credit ratings by international 
rating agencies.  
4.83.  China commends Tajikistan for its relatively open trade policy and trade facilitation measures 
such as the Single Window System for Registration of Export -Import and Transit Operations during 
the C OVID -19 pandemic. With such efforts, Tajikistan has shown strong positive signs for post 
COVID -19 economic recovery in the first  half of 2021, with GDP growth rate at 8.7% and inflation 
under control.  
4.84.  Tajikistan was one of the first countries to provide its in -kind medical assistance to China at 
the outbreak of the coronavirus in 2019. China has also done what it can to help Tajikistan to combat 
the COVID -19. Solidarity and mutual assistance, that is exactly what we n eed when facing the global 
challenge. In this regard, we highly appreciate Tajik 's support to China.  
4.85.  Tajikistan and China are both members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). 
Together with other members of the SCO, we reaffirm in the Dushanbe D eclaration at the 2021 SCO 
Summit, our common will and commitment to "consistently uphold and strengthen an open, 
transparent, equitable, inclusive and non -discriminatory multilateral trading system based on the 
principles and rules of the WTO ".  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4.86.  Tajikista n and China are also close neighbours  and strategic partners. China appreciates 
Tajikistan 's active participation in the "Belt and Road Initiative ". The two Members have committed 
to build a bridge between the "Belt and Road initiative " of China and the "2030 Development 
Strategy " of Tajikistan. The latter aims to attract more investment in infrastructure construction to 
address connectivity challenges and for better outcome in economic integration and boost to trade.  
4.87.  China now is the largest source of investment to Tajikistan, accounting for 35.9% of the total 
foreign investment in the country in the first half of 2021. China is the fourth largest trading partner 
of Tajikistan in 2020, accounting for 10% of its total export and import. China became the country 's 
fastest growing export market and import market in 2019.  
4.88.  In the meantime, we are looking forward to Tajikistan 's further improvement in the 
investment climate and business environment, such as customs clearance, labor permit procedures, 
investmen t law and its enforcement. China will continue to work with Tajikistan to support the 
country in better connectivity, infrastructure , and low carbon development.  Finally, I wish the first 
Trade Policy Review  of Tajikistan a full success.  
TURKEY  
4.89.  Turkey warm ly welcomes the delegation of Tajikistan headed by H.E.  Zavkizoda Zavki Amin, 
Minister of Economic Development and Trade.  We thank the Secretariat and the Government of 
Tajikistan for their comprehensive reports as well as discussant Ambassador  Taeho Lee o f the 
Republic of Korea for his insightful comments.  
4.90.  It is indeed a great pleasure to welcome the delegation of Tajikistan to their first TPR following 
the country 's accession to the WTO in 2013. Since then, Tajikistan has been following a relatively 
open trade and investment regime.  
4.91.  During the review period, Tajikistan achieved robust economic growth, averaging almost 7% 
annually. However, the country, like all the countries around the world, suffered significantly from 
the COVID -19 pandemic.  
4.92.  Turkey welc omes the Government 's Action Plan adopted in March  2020 and the Executive 
Decree of the President on Prevention of the Impact of COVID -19 June 2020 to support vulnerable 
groups and domestic entrepreneurs during the pandemic.  
4.93.  On the multilateral side, Turk ey commends efforts of Tajikistan to adopt its policies to the 
WTO rules.  
4.94.  Besides the accession process and complying with the rules of the organization, signing the 
Information Technology Agreement, acceptance of the 2005 protocol amending the TRIPs 
Agreement and ratification of Trade Facilitation Agreement are significant step s taken in a short 
period of time.   
4.95.  In order to strengthen economic relations between Turkey and Tajikistan, Joint Economic 
Commission between our countries has been operational since 1993. It convened its last meeting in 
October this year in Dushanbe.  
4.96.  As stated in the reports, Turkey is among five largest trading partners of Tajikistan. We are 
glad to see our bilateral trade volume increased by 56% in first eight months of 2021 compared to 
same period of last year.  
4.97.  We expect to conclude Preferential Tra de Agreement to further increase this bilateral trade 
volume.  
4.98.  We believe that removing road permit fees, increasing frequencies between Istanbul and 
Dushanbe and starting cargo flights will also assist in further facilitating the trade.   WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4.99.  Turkey is one of the biggest investors in Tajikistan. In this regard, we would like to update 
the Agreement on Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments to further encourage our 
potential investors.  
4.100.   In concluding, we thank in advance the delegation of Tajikistan f or their replies to our 
questions on specific aspects of its trade policy. We wish Tajikistan a very successful Trade Policy 
Review.  
KAZAKHSTAN  
4.101.   Kazakhstan warmly welcomes the delegation of Tajikistan led by H.E.  Mr Zavkizoda Zavki  
Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Tajikistan. We express our 
gratitude to the Government of Tajikistan for its informative report and statement. We also thank 
Ambassador  Taheo Lee for his insightful comments as a discussa nt and the WTO Secretariat for its 
comprehensive report.  
4.102.    Kazakhstan enjoys strategic fruitful cooperation with Tajikistan and attaches high 
importance to further deepening bilateral economic and trade relations. Tajikistan is a key and third -
largest trad ing partner of my country in the CIS region.  
4.103.   In 2020, our bilateral merchandise trade volume increased by 3.7% despite all the 
disruptions caused by the COVID -19 pandemic and constituted USD 791 million. Kazakhstan ranks 
first as Tajikistan's largest expo rt destination and second in Tajikistan's import among the CIS 
countries. Aside from trade, the volume of direct investments from Kazakhstan to Tajikistan over 
the past 15  years has exceeded USD 118 million.  
4.104.    During Kazakhstan's Trade and Economic Mission to Tajikistan in May  2021, 
two memorandums of cooperation were signed for a total amount of USD 100 million.  
4.105.    We note that after the accession of the Republic of Tajikistan to the WTO, a number of 
significant reforms were undertaken to ensure macroeconomi c stability, streamline trade 
procedures, increase export capacity , and attract investment into the economy.  
4.106.    Particularly we welcome the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for 
the period up to 2030, and the Medium -Term Development  Program of Tajikistan for the period 
2016-2020, which identifies uplifting a standard of life for every citizen of the country as the ultimate 
goal and ensuring energy independence, food security, exiting from the connectivity deadlock and 
rapid industria lization of the country as strategic goal.  
4.107.    We also highlight that within the framework of the Action Plan, the Government of Tajikistan 
has pursued a number of reforms to ensure the competitiveness of domestic goods ; sustainable 
operation of state enterpr ises and banks ; strengthening the investment climate ; business 
development ; and facilitation of trade procedures.  
4.108.    In this regard, we are pleased to see that due to the reforms introduced in 2013 -2019, 
Tajikistan managed to ensure the average economic grow th of 7%.  
4.109.    Moreover, according to the World Bank Doing Business Report, Tajikistan was included in 
the list of the top ten reformers of the world four times. In the Doing Business Report 2020, Tajikistan 
improved its position by 20  ranks.  
4.110.    We believe tha t further structural reforms and integration into the world economy would 
help improve Tajikistan's economic efficiency. While Tajikistan has made substantial efforts to 
strengthen trade and investment regimes, we believe that further improvements will mai ntain 
considerable growth.  
4.111.   From the multilateral trading perspective, we welcome Tajikistan's ratification of the WTO 
Trade Facilitation Agreement in 2019 and its hard work on the implementation of the TFA by 
launching a series of trade facilitation measur es such as introduction of electronic declaration of 
goods and vehicles ; trade portal ; single window system ; and other measures.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  4.112.    In conclusion, we would like to congratulate the delegation of Tajikistan and the WTO 
Secretariat for the hard work and effort s that went into the preparation of this Trade Policy Review. 
I also would like to express our high gratitude to Ambassador  Jamshed Khamidov and his team in 
Geneva. We wish the delegation of Tajikistan every success for their first Trade Policy Review.  
ARGENTINA  
4.113.   We would like to join Members in welcoming the delegation of Tajikistan, led by 
H.E. Mr Zavkizoda Zavki Amin, Minister of Economic Development and Trade. This is a very special 
occasion as it is the first time that Tajikistan has particip ated in this exercise as the Member under 
review. We wish the country every success.  
4.114.   We thank Tajikistan and the Secretariat for their reports, which provide a comprehensive 
overview of this Member's trade policies. We also thank Ambassador  Taeho Lee for h is comments 
and observations.  
4.115.   The trade flow between Tajikistan and Argentina is modest but is experiencing a notable 
increase. Argentine exports totalled USD  6.95 million in 2020, a 45% increase on the previous year. 
The main products traded were soybean meal, frozen fish, pharmaceutical products and edible fruits.  
4.116.   We acknowledge the significant efforts made by Tajikistan in implementing structural 
changes aimed at achieving sustained economic development. This meant that, between 2013 and 
2019, average an nual growth was 7%, facilitating poverty reduction and the development of all 
economic sectors.  
4.117.   Argentina acknowledges the challenges facing Tajikistan, which have been exacerbated by 
the COVID -19 pandemic, namely unemployment, obstacles in the financial s ystem, economic 
diversification and infrastructure failures. We trust that the policies outlined in the Government's 
various plans will be able to address these issues.  
4.118.   Tajikistan, like Argentina, is a Member  that works actively and constructively within the WTO 
to strengthen the rules -based multilateral trading system. We congratulate Tajikistan for 
participating productively in WTO activities and joining the Trade Facilitation Agreement and the 
TRIPS Agreeme nt. 
4.119.   We take this opportunity to emphasize Argentina's desire to continue to expand its trade 
relations with Tajikistan.  
4.120.   Lastly, and in the context of this Trade Policy Review, we have submitted a question to 
Tajikistan. We give our thanks in advance for th e reply provided, which will be duly considered by 
our authorities in Buenos Aires.  
4.121.   Chair, allow me to conclude by once again thanking the distinguished delegation of 
Tajikistan, you, Ambassador  Lee and the Secretariat for this new opportunity to exchange views on 
Tajikistan's trade policies. We reaffirm the importance of this exercise in all its aspects, and once 
again wish the Minister of Economic Development and Trade and his whole delegation a successful 
conclusion to this Review.  
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  5  REPLIES BY THE REPRE SENTATIVE OF TAJIKIST AN AND ADDITIONAL COMMENTS  
5.1.  I would like to sincerely thank you Madame Chair, Mr  Ambassador  Taeho Lee and all Members 
for the comments and active participation in the first Trade Policy Review  of Tajikistan and for the 
overall feedback on the achievements of the Republic of Tajikistan in its socioeconomic and trade 
development during this period and for the acknowledgment of our participation in the multilateral 
trading system . 
5.2.  The interventions made by Members indicate the important role of Tajikistan and its 
membership in the WTO and the compatibility of our trade and investment regimes for the global 
trade.  
5.3.  We acknowledge all the relevant comments made during the first day of  the meeting and took 
note of them and would into account to continue relevant reforms for economic and trade 
development of the country and for contribution to the global trading system.  
5.4.  We are delighted with overall positive evaluation of our economic an d trade relations with WTO 
Members and this is particularly important in this the time of global challenges.  
5.5.  Members are interested in Tajik goods and services and Tajikistan's market remains attractive 
for exporters and foreign investors.  
5.6.  We would like to note that some points raised by members on their interventions already 
included in the strategies and State Programs.  
5.7.  Based on observations from the first day of our meeting , I would like to touch upon several 
outcomes of this TPR in general and comment  on some points raised by the Members in particular.  
5.8.  On investment regime: The President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Leader of the Nation, 
H.E. Mr Emomali Rahmon has identified the improvement of the investment and business climate as 
one of the priorit ies of economic policy.  
5.9.  It has made significant reforms in the areas of simplification of the licensing and permits 
system, the registration of entrepreneurial activities, the reduction of inspections and inspection 
coverage, and the establishment of publ ic-private partnerships and privatization.  
5.10.  According to the World Bank Doing Business Report Tajikistan was included in the list of the 
top ten reformers of the world four times, in 2010, 2011, 2015 and 2020. In the Doing Business 
Report -2020, Tajikistan improved its position by 20 ranks.  
5.11.  Tajikistan's position improved mainly due to changes in a number of indicators, including the 
Starting a Business indicator (rising by 24  ranks), Getting Electricity (rising by 10  ranks), Registering 
Property (rising by 14 ranks), Getting Credit (rising by 113  ranks) and Trading Across Borders (rising 
by 7 ranks).  
5.12.  The key criteria for investments are specified in existing State Programs and legislation.  
5.13.  These are related to strategic development goals and priorities of t he Government, job 
creation, attraction of foreign direct investment, improvement of standard of living of the people, 
budget revenue and rural development.  
5.14.  It should be noted that according to legislation, Tajikistan created equally fair conditions for 
all types of investors.  
5.15.  To develop economic and social opportunities, present products, connect business partners 
and foreign investors, an Interactive Business to Business Portal (B2B) has been established. This 
platform for all investors and the B2B and i s designed for everyone who is conducting or just planning 
a business with foreign partners and the B2B offers the opportunity to find an international business 
partner in three  clicks.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.16.  On export: Tajikistan has switched its policy from import substitutio n to export -oriented and 
in order to develop the export of domestic products the State Program on export development of 
the Republic of Tajikistan for 2021 -2025 was adopted. The key priorities of the Program are growth, 
diversification, and simplification of exports.  
5.17.  On notifications: During the membership Tajikistan submitted to the WTO more than 
45 notifications in various areas. The remaining draft notifications are in the process of preparation 
and would be submitted soon.  
5.18.  On Joint Statement Initiativ es (JSIs): Tajikistan has been actively engaged with many WTO 
related initiatives, particularly in December  2017 at the 11th WTO Ministerial Conference in Buenos 
Aires, Argentina, along with the other Member States, the Republic of Tajikistan joined the 
Investment Facilitation for Development.  
5.19.  On e-commerce initiative although Tajikistan has not been directly involved in the process the 
country already implemented necessary steps in this direction. Specifically, Tajikistan drafted its 
new Law on E -Commerce  and current ongoing Government effort on E -Commerce has been fulfilled 
by adopting Law on Digital Signature, Law On electronic documents and five years of digital economy 
in the Republic of Tajikistan.  
5.20.  The question of joining JSIs on MSMEs, and Services Domestic Regulation are under review 
and consideration.  
5.21.  On energy: Implementing green energy and minimizing the consequences of global climate 
change on socioeconomic and environmental sectors is one of the key priorities of the Government 
policy of Tajikistan.  
5.22.  Tajikistan ranks 6th place in the world in terms of green energy. About 98% of electricity of 
the country is produced by hydro -electric renewable and green energy.  
5.23.  Tajikistan with the initiative of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Leader of the Nation 
H.E. Mr Emomali Rahmon has been taking a leading position for promoting Global agenda on climate 
change, water , and green energy. Currently, 4th global initiative of Tajikistan International Decade 
for Action Water for Sustainable Development 2018 -2028 supported by U N members is under 
implementation.  
5.24.  On transport: One of the main strategic goal of the Government of Tajikistan is to exit from 
the communication deadlock and develop the country's transit potential.  In order to achieve this 
goal, the "Program for the Dev elopment of the Transport Complex of the Republic of Tajikistan for 
the period up to 2025" was adopted and significant reforms were made in the areas of construction 
and reconstruction of transport infrastructure, including roads, transport corridors, brid ges, access 
to modern information , and communication services.  
5.25.  Within the framework of public investment projects and funds allocated for capital construction 
during the WTO membership 813  km of roads, 1  tunnel of 5  km length, 80  highways of 2 ,978 meters 
length, 41  km of railroads, 3  railway tunnels of 3 ,643 meters length and 5  railway bridges of 
582 meters length totalling USD  496 million were constructed and commissioned.  
5.26.  On NDS 2030: The National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the  period 
up to 2030 (NDS -2030) and the Medium -Term Development Programs of the Republic of Tajikistan 
for the period of 2016 -2020 and 2021 -2025 identified uplifting a standard of living for every citizen 
of the country as ultimate goal, and ensuring energy independence, food security, exiting from the 
connectivity deadlock and enhanced industrialization of the country as strategic goals.  
5.27.  The economic policy within the NDS -2030 focuses on reducing the vulnerability of the 
country's economy from potential exte rnal risks, finding and developing effective mechanisms and 
internal sources of sustainable economic development, ensuring stable economic growth, productive 
employment, sustainable access to energy resources and favorable business environment.  
5.28.  On IPR: Th e Government of Tajikistan adopted the National Strategy for the Development of 
Intellectual Property of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.29.  The main objectives of the Strategy are the completion of the national IP system and its 
integra tion into the social and economic policy of the State, thus promoting the competitiveness of 
the economy based on a complete IP system.  Tajikistan is party to five conventions and three 
International Treaties in the field of copyright protection.  
5.30.  On GPA: In 2014 the Republic of Tajikistan became an observer to the WTO Government 
Procurement Agreement. Tajikistan submitted its fifth  revised offer in February 2020 and had 
constructive bilateral meetings with GPA parties.  Tajikistan has significantly advanced  on its 
negotiations with GPA members on its final offer and depending on progress Tajikistan is seeking 
the possibility to conclude its accession process.  
5.31.  We attach great importance to the work of the Trade Policy Review Body and are thankful for 
all com ments and questions that may contribute to strengthen Tajikistan 's economic and trade 
policy.  Tajikistan would continue to cooperate with WTO Members in order to maximize its benefit 
from multilateral trading system.  
5.32.  I would like to take this opportunity to thank all donor countries for their support and 
encourage developed countries to provide financial support to Tajikistan for the implementation of 
digital economy, e-commerce , and trade simplification.  
DISCUSSANT  
5.33.  Allow me to start by congratulating H.E.  Mr Zavqizoda Zavqi Amin, Minister of Economic 
Development and Trade, and the delegation of the Republic of Tajikistan on a productive first Trade 
Policy Review. Tajikistan's readiness to transparently update Members on its trade and investment 
regime and practices and its timely and informative responses to Members' written questions, 
together with the constructive engagement of Members, have helped to make this TPR a mutually 
useful exercise true to its objective.  
5.34.  In their interventions, Members have spoken positively about the track record Tajikistan has 
built during the first eight years of its WTO membership. There was a chorus of voices acknowledging 
the relative openness of Tajikistan's trade and investment regi me. Tajikistan's commitments to the 
rules of the multilateral trading system in a number of areas were often noted, as underscored by 
its prompt acceptance of the Information Technology Agreement, 2005 TRIPS Amendment and 
increasing implementation of the T rade Facilitation Agreement. Several have also commended 
ongoing reform efforts, notably in the financial and banking sectors.   
5.35.  Members have also expressed support for Tajikistan's aspiration to further the role of private 
investment and to diversify its industrial and export base, as well as its efforts to improve the 
business climate through various streamlining and facilitating measures which are critical for a 
landlocked economy. It was also encouraging that other Members saw as a good practice Tajikis tan's 
reform experience, such as the development of its national intellectual property strategy.  
5.36.  Furthermore, Members have spoken highly of the strong economic recovery from the 
pandemic that Tajikistan has managed to achieve, crediting the government's d ecisive leadership in 
the COVID -19 response. Tajikistan's efforts to promote diversification, in particular, helped to 
strengthen its resilience to the pandemic and other economic shocks.  
5.37.  As discussant, I found to be particularly useful the updated inform ation on the changes made 
to Tajikistan's import -substitution programme through its State Program on Export Development for 
2021-25, with a focus on export promotion. I also noted that in its written response regarding this 
programme, Tajikistan indicated that there were no specific supporting and subsidizing programs 
from the state budget.  
5.38.  While acknowledging all the work that Tajikistan has undertaken to come into compliance with 
WTO rules, both during the pre and post -accession period, it has been aptly  pointed out by one 
Member that WTO membership does not in and of itself improve the business climate. It is , I quote  
"a tool that must be complemented by ongoing internal reform". This reform effort includes a 
measure to improve clarity in the FDI legisla tion, especially in relation to SMEs, among others.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.39.  As we are close to wrapping up Tajikistan's first ever TPR, we would do well to expand our 
horizon by asking ourselves what kind of discussion we would like to have at the second  TPR of 
Tajikistan seven years later. In my view, as Tajikistan enters the second decade of its WTO 
membership, it would be well -advised to be more actively engaged in new emerging issues, what is 
called 21st century issues. These include women empowerment, e -commerce, SMEs , and 
sustainability issues.  
5.40.  Members have already welcomed Tajikistan's support for the Buenos Aires Declaration on 
Women and Trade. Some have encouraged Dushanbe to consider joining the JSIs on E -Commerce 
and Services Domestic Regulation and the Trade and Envir onmental Sustainability Structured 
Discussions. Taking into account Minister Zavqizoda's statement that Tajikistan is promoting the 
digital economy through new e -commerce -related legislation, I believe the JSI on E -Commerce 
seems particularly relevant.  
5.41.  In closing,  I wish to thank the delegation of Tajikistan, led by His Excellency Minister 
Zavqizoda, for the strong commitment to the multilateral trading system that was showcased at this 
TPR. Congratulations, once again, on the success of the first -ever TPR  of Tajikistan and I wish you 
all a safe and pleasant journey back home.   
REPUBLIC  OF KOREA  
5.42.  Korea joins other speakers in welcoming H .E. Zavkizoda Zavki  Amin, Minister of Economic 
Development and Trade and his delegation to the first Trade Policy Review of Tajikistan.  Korea also 
thanks the Secretariat and the Tajik Government for preparing and updating the comprehensive 
reports.  
5.43.  This year is not only a special year for Tajikistan as it marks the 30th anniversary of its 
independence; it is also an auspicious year for Korea 's relationship with Tajikistan, which is 
approaching three decades since the establishment of diplomatic ties. This has been a year in  which 
our two  countries have been cementing the institutional groundwork for facilitating greater economic 
cooperation, as highlighted by the visit of Korea 's Minister of Foreign Affairs to Dushanbe last week.   
5.44.  There is considerable untapped potential in  our bilateral economic ties. This year, Korea 
opened a full -fledged Embassy in Dushanbe and designated Tajikistan a priority development 
cooperation partner. This will be followed by the opening of our aid agency – KOICA - office in 
Dushanbe next year.  
5.45.  Just last week, our two Governments amended the existing Agreement on the Avoidance of 
Double Taxation, which is expected to help shape a more conducive environment for cross -border 
investments.  
5.46.  We welcome the wide range of efforts that Tajikistan has been making to unleash its economic 
potential and  doing so in conformity with the multilateral rules of this Organization. Actions taken to 
strengthen trade and investment facilitating measures are e specially apt, given Tajikistan 's 
landlocked status and need for greater FDI inflows. In addition to the investment facilitation JSI, we 
encourage Tajikistan to look at joining other JSIs that comport with its national development 
strategy.  
5.47.  In closing, the  delegation of Korea extends its congratulations to Tajikistan on its very first 
Trade Policy Review in the WTO.  
BRAZIL  
5.48.  Brazil would like to w elcome the delegation of Tajikistan, led by H.E.  Mr Zavkizoda Zavki Amin , 
and we thank the Government of Tajikista n for engaging in its first  Trade Policy Review. We also like 
to express our appreciation to the WTO Secretariat for its thorough and comprehensive report , and 
also to the discussant H.E.  Ambassador  Taeho Lee (Korea) , and you Chair for your contribution to a 
successful trade monitoring exercise.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.49.  Brazil highlights Tajikistan's positive performance in terms of strong real GDP growth in the 
past five years, which was impacted by the outbreak of the COVID -19 pandemic but has rebounded 
to a gro wth rate of 8.7% in the first  half of 2021.  
5.50.  Important components of the economic growth in Tajikistan, such as remittances, FDI, 
transport, and tourism which w ere severely affected by the measures adopted to contain the 
pandemic, have recovered strongly in t he first months of this year.  
5.51.  We would also like to acknowledge the measures taken by the Government of Tajikistan to 
address the health impact s of the pandemic, which according to the IMF have been largely 
successful.  
5.52.  Moving to WTO issues, Brazil notes wi th satisfaction Tajikistan ratification of the protocol 
concerning the Trade Facilitation Agreement in July  2019, and the protocol  amending the WTO TRIP S 
Agreement  in May  2016.  
5.53.  Measures to further streamline  customs procedures and facilitate trade under the edges of 
the TFA, such as the launching of the single window system for registration of import, export and 
transit operations, in September  2020, exemplifies Tajikistan's efforts towards efficient  and 
uninh ibited trade flows.  
5.54.  We also highlight Tajikistan's enga gement in  the Joint Statement Initiative on Investment 
Facilitation for Development. We believe that  the issues being negotiated  at the JSI on IFD  could 
help Tajikistan to attract FDI by increasing the  transparency, predictability, and efficiency of its 
business environment for international investors.  
5.55.  Turning to the bilateral front, Brazil and Tajikistan's bilateral trade flow is too modest 
compared to its potential. Bilateral trade concentrated on ph armaceuticals and poultry on the 
Brazilian side, and antimony  minerals on the side of Tajikistan. We look forward to working with 
Tajikistan to further develop bilateral relations , including expand ing trade,  in cooperation towards 
the strengthening of the multilateral trading system.  
5.56.  In closing, we commend Tajikistan for its efforts towards economic growth and development 
and we like to wish it a successful Trade Policy Review.  
UZBEKISTAN  
5.57.  I am pleased to d eliver a statement on behalf of Uzbekistan on the first  Trade Policy Review 
of Tajikistan.  
5.58.  Uzbekistan warmly welcomes the delegation of Tajikistan led by Minister of Economic 
Development and Trade of Tajikistan H.E.  Mr. Zavkizoda Zavki Amin.  
5.59.  We thank the Go vernment of Tajikistan and the WTO Secretariat for the report and huge work 
done to hold this review. We would also like to thank the discussant H.E.  Mr Taeho Lee for his 
comments.  
5.60.  Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have a very close historical relations, comprehen sive bilateral and 
regional cooperation in various fields.  
5.61.  Today, relations between our countries are dynamically developing. Regular contacts and 
continues engagement at the highest level between two countries are contributing to the 
development of mutual ly beneficial trade and economic cooperation.  
5.62.  We have a free trade regime and good dynamics of trade turnover. In 2020, the trade turnover 
between our countries increased several times compared to 2016 and exceeded USD  500 million at 
the end of the year.  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.63.  Over the past five years, the number of enterprises with Uzbek capital has increased in 
Tajikistan. The carry out their activities in the areas of trade, production of building materials food 
industry, etc.  
5.64.  In the region, Uzbekistan is one of the leading ex porters of textile, agricultural products, and 
various services, and in this context further expansion of close trade cooperation between 
two countries is an important investment in the ensuring the well -being of people and business 
entities.  
5.65.  As an accedin g country, we appreciate the support of Tajikistan provided to Uzbekistan's 
accession process, in particular experience sharing of WTO membership and look forward to 
comprehensive support in future developments of our accession process.  
5.66.  To conclude, I woul d like to wish Tajikistan a successful Trade Policy Review.  
EUROPEAN  UNION  
5.67.  On behalf of the EU, let me first thank the Tajikistan for the comprehensive overview 
presented on Monday of the main trade and economic developments that occurred during the review 
period.  
5.68.  The EU welcomes the useful insights that this first review has provided into Tajikistan 's 
ongoing and planned policies and initiatives to enhance its integration into the multilateral trading 
system, strengthen its institutional and economic framework, and improve its resilience in the rapidly 
evolving global and regi onal contexts.  
5.69.  Above all, the EU appreciates its good cooperation with Tajikistan under the EU GSP scheme 
and welcomes Tajikistan 's interest in the GSP+ scheme. Furthermore, the EU aims at updating the 
Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA)  which should boost political dialogue as 
well as economic and trade cooperation between the EU and Tajikistan.  
5.70.  The EU hopes that the comments provided by the WTO Membership will support Tajikistan in 
further reviewing and reforming its trade policies. We  hope that Tajikistan will address the challenges 
and the shortcomings highlighted by the WTO Members.  
5.71.  In this respect, the EU would like to underline again the importance of further improving the 
business climate in Tajikistan. This includes concretizing initiatives aimed at tackling obstacles for 
entrepreneurship, investment, private businesses, and the considerable amount of SOEs. This is 
essential for Tajikistan to further proceed with its positive engagement with the multilateral trading 
system, econom ic diversification, and sustainable development.  
5.72.  Finally, the EU wants to thank Tajikistan for replying to most of the EU 's and other Members ' 
questions as together with the Government and Secretariat report, the questions and replies are an 
essential part  of the Trade Policy Review process.  We are looking forward to Tajikistan 's replies on 
the last outstanding questions and are confident Tajikistan will communicate these in due course.  
5.73.  In conclusion, the EU would like to thank the delegation of Tajikista n for undergoing this 
important transparency exercise in a hybrid format and in spite of challenging circumstances, thus 
demonstrating Tajikistan 's commitment to WTO. We are confident that our cooperation will continue 
and will contribute to a sustainable socio-economic recovery from the pandemic and to economic 
growth.  
UNITED  STATES  
5.74.  Thanks to all the members of the Tajikistan delegation and specially to H.E. Mr Zavkizoda 
Zavki Amin . We appreciate Tajikistan's engagement on day one and its summary response and 
comments this morning. We look forward to reviewing these in more detail back in Washington.  
5.75.  Overnight we provided one additional follow up question and look forward in receiving 
Tajikistan's response in due course . WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  5.76.  We join others in congratulating Taj ikistan on a successful first Trade Policy Review and further 
celebrate Tajikistan's 30  years of independence. While a young nation, Tajikistan is rich with over 
five thousand years of history.  
5.77.  The United States looks forward to continuing trade relations and growing partnerships in the 
years to come. Congratulations again and we wish you a safe travel on your return home.  
  WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
6.1.  The first  Trade Policy Review of Tajikistan has offered us a good opportunity to deepen our 
understanding of recent developments in, and challenges to, its trade, economic, and investment 
policies. Since its accession in 2013, Tajikistan has implemented several initiatives to integrate into 
the multilateral trading system, and such efforts have b een greatly appreciated by Members. The 
156 questions submitted by 13  Members underlined their interest in Tajikistan's trade and 
investment policies and practices.  
6.2.  I would like to thank the delegation of Tajikistan, led by H.E.  Mr Zavqizoda Zavqi Amin, Mi nister 
of Economic Development and Trade, for its constructive engagement throughout this Review. I 
would also like to thank the discussant, H.E.  Ambassador  Taeho Lee of the Republic of Korea for his 
insightful remarks, and all the delegations that took th e floor for their valuable contributions to this 
Review.  
6.3.  Tajikistan achieved a robust annual GDP growth rate at 6.7% over the review period from 2013 
to 2020, with growth slowing to 4.5% in 2020 due to the outbreak of the COVID -19 pandemic. 
Members acknowl edged Tajikistan's efforts to minimize the negative impacts of the pandemic on the 
economy through the Anti -crisis Action Plan launched in March  2020, which offers tax and credit 
relief to vulnerable groups and domestic entrepreneurs. They commended Tajiki stan's strong 
economic recovery from the COVID -19 pandemic, with real GDP growth of 8.7% in the first half of 
2021, almost doubling the growth rate in 2020.  
6.4.  Members also noted that Tajikistan's high dependency on commodity exports and remittances 
makes the  economy vulnerable to external shocks. They encouraged Tajikistan to address 
infrastructure bottlenecks and obstacles in its financial system in order to attract more private 
investment, diversify and upgrade exports, and create non -farm employment opport unities. It was 
noted that Tajikistan's export basket has been diversifying, from one being dominated by aluminium 
and cotton, to one that includes more textiles, cement and mineral products.  
6.5.  Tajikistan was praised for various reform initiatives to streaml ine business registration 
procedures, strengthen the land tenure framework, and ease the burden of licensing and inspection. 
Many Members urged Tajikistan to help clarify FDI specific legislation, ease the taxation regime for 
SMEs, and address discretionar y application of licensing, tax, and price regulations. Some Members 
pointed out that increased FDI inflows into sectors beyond energy and mining could help reinforce 
the growth of SMEs, as well as increase the private sector's participation in the economy . 
6.6.  Members commended Tajikistan on maintaining a fairly open trade and investment regime, as 
well as for its unwavering support of the multilateral trading system. Tajikistan signed the 
Information Technology Agreement upon accession and became an observer to the Committee on 
Government Procurement in 2014.  
6.7.  In July  2019, Tajikistan ratified the Agreement on Trade Facilitation. Tajikistan also 
cosponsored, with other Members, the Joint Statement Initiative on Investment Facilitation for 
Development. Many Mem bers urged Tajikistan to join the JSI on services domestic regulation, which 
was successfully concluded on 2  December, and the JSIs on E-Commerce and on MSMEs. They also 
encouraged it to join the Trade and Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussion s in order to 
enhance Tajikistan's engagement on environmental issues.  
6.8.  Some Members noted that the pandemic has affected women more than men, and therefore 
they welcomed Tajikistan's support for the Buenos Aires declaration on Women and Trade, and 
encoura ged continuing engagement on this issue. Some Members urged Tajikistan to submit the 
outstanding notifications as required under several agreements.  
6.9.  Members congratulated Tajikistan for the progress made in achieving its National Development 
Strategy 2016 -30 goals, which aim to uplift the living standard for its citizens by ensuring energy 
independence, food security, industrialization, and connectivity.  
6.10.  Members encouraged Tajikistan to make further advances in the implementation of its 
development strate gy. Some Members reminded Tajikistan that the number of SOEs remains WT/TPR/M/399 • Tajikistan  
 
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  considerable, and some SOEs still have market dominance, particularly in the telecommunications, 
transport, and energy sectors.  
6.11.  Several Members expressed the need to better understand Ta jikistan's agricultural trade and 
tariff policies. Some encouraged Tajikistan to make efforts to attract the capital necessary for the 
development of its potential in the area of renewable energies, in particular hydroelectric.  
6.12.  These are some of the key issues that emerged in our discussion. I am certain that the 
delegation of Tajikistan will take into account, and further reflect on, the many constructive 
comments, both broad and detailed, that it received during this review.  
6.13.  Finally, I would like to thank all of you who participated in our discussion, and I look forward 
to receiving the answers to any outstanding or follow up questions within one month, at which point 
the Review will be successfully concluded.  
 
 
__________