WT/REG428/1  
 
5 September  2022 
(22-6325) Page: 1/36 
Committee on Regional Trade Agreements   
 
 
FACTUAL PRESENTATION  
TRADE AND PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND ISRAEL  
(GOODS ) 
Report by the Secretariat  
This report, prepared for the consideration of the  Trade and Partnership Agreement 
between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the State of 
Israel, has been drawn up by the WTO Secretariat on its own responsibility and in full 
consultation with the Parties. The factual presentatio n reproduces as closely as possible 
the terminology used in the Agreement and in the comments provided and does not 
imply official endorsement or acceptance by the Secretariat of such terminology. The 
report has been drawn up in accordance with the rules a nd procedures contained in the 
Decision for a Transparency Mechanism for Regional Trade Agreements (WT/L/671) and 
thus does not imply any value judgement by the Secretariat regarding the contents of 
the Agreement.  
Any technical questions arising from this report may be addressed to Rohini Acharya  
(tel: +41 22 739 5484). Any statistical questions arising from this report may be 
addressed to Rowena Cabos  (tel: +41 22 739 5185) and Chiara  Azzarelli (tel:  +41 22 
739 5449) . 
  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  Table of Contents  
Page 
1  TRADE ENVIRONMENT  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 4 
1.1  Merchandise trade  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 4 
2  CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE AGREEMENT  ................................ .......................  6 
2.1  Background information  ................................ ................................ ..............................  6 
3  PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS  ................................ ................................ ..............  8 
3.1  Import duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  ................................ ..................  8 
3.1.1  General provisions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 8 
3.1.2  Liberalization of trade and tariff lines  ................................ ................................ ..........  9 
3.1.3  Liberalization schedule  ................................ ................................ .............................  9 
3.1.3.1   The United Kingdom  ................................ ................................ ..............................  9 
3.1.3.2   Israel  ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  11 
3.1.4  Tariff rate quotas  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 13 
3.2  Rules of origin  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  14 
3.3  Export duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  ................................ ..................  16 
3.4  Regulatory provisions of the agreement  ................................ ................................ ........  16 
3.4.1  Standards  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  16 
3.4.1.1   Sanitary and phytosanitary measures  ................................ ................................ ..... 16 
3.4.1.2   Technical barriers to trade  ................................ ................................ .....................  16 
3.4.2  Safeguard mechanisms  ................................ ................................ ............................  17 
3.4.2.1   Global safeguards  ................................ ................................ ................................  17 
3.4.2.2   Bilateral safeguards  ................................ ................................ ..............................  17 
3.4.2.3   Balance of payments safeguards  ................................ ................................ ............  17 
3.4.2.4   Other safeguards  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 17 
3.4.3  Anti-dumping and countervailing measures  ................................ ................................  17 
3.4.4  Subsidies and state -aid................................ ................................ ............................  17 
3.5  Customs -related procedures  ................................ ................................ .......................  18 
3.6  Other regulations  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 18 
3.7  Trade in services  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 18 
3.8  Sector -Specific Provisions of the Agreement  ................................ ................................ .. 18 
4  GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT  ................................ ..............................  18 
4.1  Transparency  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  18 
4.2  Current payments and capital movements  ................................ ................................ ..... 18 
4.3  Exceptions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  19 
4.4  Accessi on and withdrawal  ................................ ................................ ...........................  19 
4.5  Institutional framework  ................................ ................................ ..............................  19 
4.6  Dispute settlement  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 20 
4.7  Relationship with other agreements concluded by the parties  ................................ ...........  20 
4.8  Government procurement  ................................ ................................ ...........................  22 WT/REG428/1  
 
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  4.9  Intellectual property rights  ................................ ................................ ..........................  22 
4.10  Competition  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  22 
4.11  Environment  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  23 
4.12  Labour  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  23 
4.13  Electronic  commerce  ................................ ................................ ................................  23 
4.14  Small and medium -sized enterprises  ................................ ................................ ..........  23 
4.15  Other  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  23 
4.15.1   Cooperation  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  23 
ANNEX 1  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  24 
ANNEX 2  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  28 
 
  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  Key Facts  
Parties to the Agreement:  United Kingdom and Israel  
 
Date of Signature:    18 February 2019  
 
Date of Entry into Force:  01 January 2021  
 
Date of Notification:   31 December 2020  
 
Full implementation:    2021 
 
 
This factual presentation describes the Trade and Partnership Agreement between the 
United  Kingdom and Israel  (hereafter "the Agreement"). Although the Agreement entered into force 
on 1 January 2021, it is based on the EU-Israel Trade Agreements1 which are therefore frequently  
referred to in this factual presentation . 
 
1  TRADE ENVIRONMENT  
1.1.  The Agreement is one of the 37 RTAs in force notified by the United Kingdom to the WTO and  
one of the 10 RTAs in force notified by Israel .  
1.1  Merchandise trade  
1.2.  In 2020, the UK was the 12th largest exporter and the 5th largest importer of merchandise in 
the world (respectively 2.30% of world total exports and 3.56% of world total imports).2 Its 
merchandise exports amounted to USD 403.9 billion and its merchandise imports to USD 632.6 
billion.3 In comparison, Israel wa s the 47th largest global exporter and the 42nd largest global 
importer of merchandise (respectively 0.28% of world exports and 0.39% of world imports).4 Its 
merchandise exports totalled USD 50.2 billion and its merchandise imports USD 69.3 billion.5 Both 
countries recorded a drop in their global merchandise trade in 2020.  
1.3.  At the bilateral level, i n 2020, the UK was Israel's 7th largest source of imports (2.9% of Israel's 
total imports) and 3rd largest destination for exports (7. 98% of Israel's total exp orts)6, while Israel 
was the UK's 2 6th largest source of imports (0.3%) and 19th largest export destination (0.5%) .7 
1.4.  Both Parties' trade is largely dominated by manufactured products which made up 71.6% and 
66.1% of the UK's merchandise exports and imports respectively, and 91.7% and 7 6.1% of Israeli 
exports and imports , respectively , in 20 20.8 Among manufactured produc ts, machinery and 
 
1 For the purpose of the Agreement, the  "EU-Israel Trade Agreements " include: (1) the 1995 Euro -
Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Community and its Member 
States, of the one part, and Israel, of the other part, as amended by the 2009 Agreement between the EC and 
Israel concerning reci procal liberali zation measures on agricultural products, processed agricultural products 
and fish and fishery products, the replacement of Protocols 1 and 2 and their annexes and amendments to the 
Euro-Mediterranean Agreement, and by the 2012 Agreement bet ween the EU and Israel amending the Annexes 
to Protocols 1 and 2 of the Euro -Mediterranean Agreement (the "EU-Israel Association Agreement "); (2) the 
1997 Agreement between the EU and Israel on government procurement (the "EU-Israel Procurement 
Agreement "); and (3) the Protocol to the Euro -Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between 
the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the State of Israel of the other part, 
on Conformity Assessment and Acceptance of Industrial Products (the "EU-Israel Conformity Assessment 
Agreement "). (Article 3)   
2 WTO Trade Profiles (2021).  
3 Based on data provided by the UK authorities.  
4 WTO Trade Profiles (2021).  
5 Based on data from the UNSD Comtrade database.  
6 Data from UNSD Comtrade database  excluding intra -EU trade . 
7 Data provided by the UK excluding intra -EU trade . 
8 WTO Trade Profiles 2021.  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  mechanical appliances represented the main commodity group traded by both Parties (21.3% and 
21.2% respectively of the UK's global exports and imports; and 22.9% and 23.9% respectively of 
Israel's global exports and imports).9 
1.5.  Chart 1.1 summarizes the trends in global trade of the Parties as well as their bilateral trade 
relations for the period 2018 -2020. Both Parties recorded a global trade deficit between 2018 and 
2020. During this period, the UK's global trade deficit  rose from USD 18 5.8 billion in 2018 to USD 
227 billion in 2019 and USD 228.7 billion in 2020 whereas Israel's global trade deficit increased from 
about USD 14.7 billion in 2018, to 18 billion in 2019 and 20.4 billion in 2020.10 At the bilateral level, 
data from both parti es indicate a bilateral trade surplus, quite marked in the case of Israel.11 Both 
Parties' imports increased, especially between 2019 and 2020 . As for exports, UK exports to Israel 
increased steadily from USD 1.46 billion in 2018 to USD 2.2 billion in 2020  whereas Israel 's exports 
to the UK, albeit remaining strong, declined from USD 4.4 billion in 2018 to 3.7 billion in 2020 after 
reaching nearly USD 5 billion in 2019.  
Chart 1.1 UK-Israel: Merchandise bilateral trade and with world (2018 -2020)  
 
 
Source:  Data from the Parties and from UNSD Comtrade database.  
1.6.  The commodity structure of trade between the Parties , as well as their global trade in the period 
2018-2020, is shown in Chart 1. 2 on the basis of Harmonized System (HS) sections. The data 
suggests that there are complementarities in trade between the Parties. In the period 2018 -2020, 
chemicals, machinery, along with natural and cultured pearls were Israel's main global exports (65% 
of its total exports ) and they were the main products imported by the UK from Israel, totalling 55% 
of the UK's imports from Israel. Israel mainly imported machinery, chemicals and motor vehicles 
from the UK (62% of its imports from the UK) , which  were also  the UK's main exports, accounting 
on average for 50% of its global exports during 2018 -2020.  
 
9 Based on data provided by the Parties and the UNSD Comtrade databa se. 
10 Based on data from the Parties and from UNSD Comtrade database . 
11 There are discrepancies in the data provided by both Parties. They state that asymmetries can be 
caused by a range of conceptual and measurement variations between the estimation pract ices of different 
countries.  The discrepancy appears mainly in  the chemicals and pharmaceuticals sector (mostly 
pharmaceuticals), and might  be due to sales between related companies in both countries . 0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.0
0102030405060708090
2018 2019 2020B. Israel
(USD B illions)
Imports from United Kingdom (Right
Axis)
Exports to United Kingdom (Right
Axis)
0.01.02.03.04.05.0
0100200300400500600700800
2018 2019 2020A. United Kingdom
(USD Billions)
Imports from Israel (Right Axis)
Exports to Israel (Right Axis)
Total Imports
Total ExportsWT/REG428/1  
 
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  Chart  1.2 UK -Israel: Product composition of merchandise trade, annual average (2018 -
2020)  
 
Source:  Data provided by the Parties and from UNSD Comtrade database.  
 
2  CHARACTERISTIC  ELEMENTS OF THE AGREEMENT  
2.1  Background information  
2.1.  The Agreement was signed on 18 February 2019 and notified to the WTO on 31 December 2020 
under Article XXIV:7(a) of GATT 1994 .12 It entered into force on 1 January 2021.  
2.2.  The text of the Agreement, together with its annexes, is available on the Parties' official 
websites:  
The UK: 
UK/Israel: Trade and Partnership Agreement [CS Israel No.1/2019] - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)  
 
Israel:   
https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/policy/uk -israel -trade -agreement/he/sahar -
hutz_agreements_israel -uk-agreement -en.pdf  
 
 
12 See document WT/REG428/N/1 . 
WT/REG428/1  
 
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  2.3.  The UK -Israel Agreement is a short agreement of nine  articles  completed by two Annexes and 
three Appendices , whose  objective (Article 1) is to preserve and further expand the preferential 
conditions relating to trade and the other links between the Parties, which result from the EU -Israel 
Trade Agreements. As stated in Article 3, the Agreement  incorporates the EU -Israel Trade 
Agreements provisions mutatis mutandis , with the technical changes necessary to apply the 
Agreement as if it had been concluded between the UK and Israel in the first instance.  Box 2.1 below 
summarizes the structure of the Agreement whereas Box 2.2 gives an overview of  the modifications 
made by the Agreement to the incorporated provisions of the EU -Israel Trade Agreements.  
Box 2.1 Structure of the Agreement  
Articles  Titles  
Preamble   
Article 1  Objective  
Article 2  Definitions and Interpretation  
Article 3  Incorporation of the EU -Israel Trade Agreements  
Article 4  Territorial Application  
Article 5  Continuation of Time Periods  
Article 6  References to approximation to EU Law  
Article 7  Provision in relation to the Association Council and Association Committee  
Article 8  Amendments  
Article 9  Entry into Force and Provisional Application  
Annexes   
Annex  I Joint Declarations made in relation to the EU -Israel Association Agreement 
forming an integral part of the Agreement   
Annex II  Modification s to the incorporated EU -Israel Trade Agreements  
Appendixes   
Appendix 1   
Appendix 2   
Appendix 3  Protocol 4 concerning the definition of the concept of 'originating products ' and 
methods of administrative cooperation  
Source:  WTO Secretariat based on the Agreement.  
 
Box 2.2 Overview of modifications to  the incorporated EU-Israel Trade Agreements  
EU-Israel Trade 
Agreements   Title/description  Modifications made through 
Annexes and Appendixes  
EU-Israel Association 
Agreement    
Preamble    
Title I  Political Dialogue   
Title II  Free Movement of Goods  Annex II:  modifications to Articles 11, 
14 and 21(2);  Article 18 not 
incorporated.  
Title III  Right of Establishment and Supply 
of Services  Annex II: modification to Article 29(3)  
Title IV  Capital Movements, Payments, 
Public Procurement , Competition 
and Intellectual Property   
Title V  Scientific and Technological  
Cooperation   
Title VI  Economic Cooperation   
Title VII  Cooperation  on Audiovisual and 
Cultural Matters, Information and 
Communication   
Title VIII  Social Matters  Annex II: modifications to Articles 
64(1), 65(1), 65(2) and 66  
Title IX  Institutional, General and Final 
Provisions  Annex II: modifications to Articles 67, 
68(1), 68(4)  and 74; Articles  84 and 
85 not incorporated . 
Annexes    
Annex VII  Intellectual, Industrial and 
Commercial Property rights referred 
to in Article 39   
Protocols    
Protocol 1  Concerning the arrangement 
applicable to the importation into Annex II: modifications to points 3 
and 4, and to Table 2  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  EU-Israel Trade 
Agreements   Title/description  Modifications made through 
Annexes and Appendixes  
[the EU] of agricultural products , 
processed agricultural products and 
fish and fishery products  originating 
in Israel  
Protocol 2  Concerning the arrangements 
applicable to the importation into 
Israel of agricultural products , 
processed agricultural products and 
fish and fishery products originating 
in [the EU]  Annex II: modifications to point 3 and 
Table 2  
Protocol 3  Concerning plant protection matters  Annex II: modification to paragraph 
(a) 
Protocol 4  Concerning the definition of the 
concept of "originating products" 
and methods of administrative 
cooperation  Appendix 3 to Annex II replaces 
Protocol 4 . 
Protocol 5  On mutual assistance between 
administrative authorities in 
customs matters   
EU-Israel Procurement 
Agreement   Annex II: "GPA" or "1996 GPA " refers 
to the 2012 Government Procurement 
Agreement ; Articles 1, 2(1) and 2(2) 
not incorporated; new Article 5 
inserted . 
EU-Israel Conformity 
Assessment Agreement   Annex II: modifications to the 
Preamble , to Articles 1(2), 2(c), 4, 7, 
11(b)  and 18,  and to the Annex on 
Mutual Acceptance of Industrial 
Products , pharmaceutical GMP ; 
Articles 3 and 16 not incorporated  
Source:  WTO Secretariat.  
 
2.4.  Concerning territorial application, Article 4 provides  that, in respect of the UK, th e Agreement 
applies to the UK  and to the territories for whose international relations it is responsible, to the 
extent that, and under the conditions under which the EU -Israel Trade Agreements applied 
immediately before they ceased to apply to the UK. In respect of Israel, purs uant to the incorporated 
article 83 of the EU -Israel Association  Agreement, the Agreement applies to  the territory of the State 
of Israel.  
3  PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS  
3.1.  The Agreement incorporates Title II (Free Movement of Goods) of the EU -Israel Association 
Agreement  with a few modifications detailed below . The Parties aim at reinforcing the free trade 
area between them in accordance with the WTO Agreements. Different provisions apply to industrial 
products ( incorporated Chapter 2) and to agricult ural products (incorporated Chapter 3). The 
Agreement  incorporates also the Annexes and Protocols of the EU -Israel Association Agreement 
concerning trade in goods  and includes an Appendix in Annex II on the concept of originating 
products.  
3.1  Import  duties an d charges, and quantitative restrictions  
3.1.1   General provisions  
3.2.  The Agreement incorporates Chapter 4 , Title II,  of the EU -Israel Association  Agreement on 
common provisions governing  the movement of goods.  According to  incorporated Article s 16 and 
17, quantitative restrictions on the importation and on the exportation of goods  and all measures 
having equivalent effect are prohibited . 
3.3.  Concerning industrial products , the incorporated Article 8, in Chapter 2, stipulates that c ustoms 
duties on imports, and any charges having equivalent effect, are prohibited between the Parties and 
this also applies to customs duties of a fiscal nature.  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  3.4.  Concerning agricultural products, the Agreement reaffirm s in Annex II, Section 1.1, the 
commitment taken by the Parties under Article 11 of the EU-Israel Association Agreement to 
establish  greater liberalisation of their trade in agricultural products.13 Also, the incorporated Article 
20 provides  that in the eve nt of specific rules being introduced as a result of the implementation by 
a Party of its agricultural policy (new rule, alteration, or extension of a previous rule), the Party in 
question  may amend the arrangements resulting from the Agreement in respect of the products 
concerned. In such cases, the Party concerned  shall take due account of the interests of the other 
Party and may consult it within the Joint Council.   
3.5.  The incorporated Article 19 contains a best endeavour commitment by the Parties to avoid 
taking internal fiscal measures, which may create discrimination between the products of one Party 
and like products of the other Party.  
3.1.2   Liberalization of trade and tariff lines  
3.6.  The Parties ' tariff elimination or liberalization  schedule follow s the arrangements agreed in the 
EU-Israel Association Agreement and implemented from its entry into force in 2000 .  
3.7.  In accordance with the incorporated Article 8, customs duties on industrial products  are 
prohibited . The incorporated Protocols 1 and 2 of the EU-Israel Association Agreement set out the 
arrangements applicable to imports into one Party  of agricultural products , processed agricultural 
products and fish and fishery products originating in the other Party  with the modifications specified 
in Annex II . Each Protocol contains an Annex detailing in three tables the treatment granted to 
agricultural products , processed agricultural products and fish and fishery products : products not 
included in Table 1 are admitted duty free ; products listed in Table 2, as modified  by the Agreement , 
benefit from preferential treatment primarily in the form of tariff rate quotas ; and for  products listed 
in Table 3, the customs duties are bound  as specified in the Table .  
3.1.3   Liberalization schedule  
3.1.3.1   The United Kingdom  
3.8.  The tariff preferences applied by the UK under the EU -Israel Association Agreement to products 
originating in Israel are incorporate d into the Agreement with a few modifications  for tariff rate 
quotas and the entry price system . 
3.9.  Section 5, Annex II, of the Agreement modifies Protocol 1  concerning agricultural products , 
processed agricultural products and fish and fish products  originating in Israel on importation into 
the UK . Besides  modifications relat ing to tariff quotas (see Section 3.1.4 below) , it provides that  the 
UK may introduce and apply an entry price system in order to replicate, in whole or in part, the entry 
price system that the European Union applies to certain fruits and vegetables originating in Israel. 
Under  such a system , the ad valorem  duties on goods concerned are  reduced in line with the 
Agreement  while the specific customs duties shall be maintained.  The UK does not currently  apply 
the entry price  system .  
3.10.  Table 3.1 shows the UK's tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement. In 2021 , 4,462 
lines (47% of UK tariff schedule) were duty -free on an MFN basis, covering 65.8% of the UK's imports 
from Israel during 2018 -2020.14 Under  the Agreement, an additio nal 4,61 5 lines are liberalized for 
imports from Israel . As a result, 95.6% of the UK's tariff is duty-free for imports from Israel, 
corresponding to 98.9% of UK imports from Israel during 2018 -2020. Out of the 9,494 lines in the  
UK tariff, 417 remain duti able under the Agreement, which accounts for 1.1% of UK imports from 
Israel in 2018 -2020.  
 
13 The Parties indicate that to date, no further liberalization has taken place.  
14 In 2021, the UK's applied MFN tariff consisted of 9,494 lines. Of these lines, 8,6 13 (90.72% of the 
tariff) were subject to ad valorem  rates of duty, 647 to specific rates, 230 to compound duties and 4 to mixed 
rates.  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  Table 3.1 United Kingdom: Tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement and 
corresponding average trade  
Duty phase -out period  Tariff lines in the UK's tariff schedule  UK's imports from Israel 
(2018 -20)a 
Number  % Value  
(USD million)b % 
2021 (MFN)  4,462 47.0 1,055.5  65.8 
2021 4,615 48.6 530.5  33.1 
Remain dutiable  417 4.4 18.5 1.1 
Total 9,494  100.0  1604.5  100.0  
a Import coverage is f or HS chapters 1 -97. Totals exclude values that are suppressed at the product 
line level due to being potentially disclosive.  
b The import values were reported in GBP and converted into USD using the exchange rates of 
0.749531540259847(2018), 0.7834451100119 29 (2019) and 0.779999576697153 (2020).  
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. Based on the HS 2017 
nomenclature. Certain products in the UK schedule are classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level. In 
cases where the 8 -digit contains both dutiable and duty -free sub -lines the entire 8 -digit line is 
recorded as dutiable.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by UK.  
 
3.11.  Table 3.2 shows the UK's tariff elimination commitments, by HS Section. The 417 lines that 
remain subj ect to duties under the Agreement are found in Sections I (live animals), II (vegetable 
products), III (animal or vegetable fats), IV (prepared foodstuffs and beverages) and VI (chemical 
products). The average applied rates on these products range from 8.1 % in Section I to 16.2% in 
Section IV. Sections III and VI are subject to specific rates of duty for which ad valorem  equivalents 
are not available.  
Table 3.2 United Kingdom: Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS Section  
HS 
Section  MFN 2021  Duty -Free Lines  
under  
the Agreement 
(2021)  Remain 
Dutiable  Avg. 
Dutiable 
Tariff  Avg. Tariff 
(%) No. of 
lines  Duty -free 
lines  
I 8.9 956 109 735 112 8.1 
II 4.4 554 213 314 27 7.9 
III 4.8 129 30 96 3 * 
IV 12.9 869 119 498 252 16.2 
V 0.4 231 202 29   
VI 2.7 1,226  550 653 23 * 
VII 3.7 301 86 215   
VIII 1.4 130 73 57   
IX 1.1 235 189 46   
X 0.0 195 195    
XI 7.0 1,149  243 906   
XII 7.3 106 17 89   
XIII 2.0 234 162 72   
XIV 0.5 58 47 11   
XV 0.6 955 804 151   
XVI 0.7 1,338  981 357   
XVII 3.7 286 121 165   
XVIII 0.6 299 218 81   
XIX 1.4 22 7 15   
XX 1.4 214 89 125   
XXI 0.0 7 7    
Total  3.8 9,494  4,462 4,615 417 12.7 
* Remain dutiable tariffs lines are subject to specific rates only.  
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. For the calculation of averages, 
specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  part of alternate rates are included.  
 For the tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rate for the entire year is used for the 
calculation. The products classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their tariff rates 
are averaged to the 8 -digit level.   
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by UK.  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  3.12.  As shown in Chart 3.1, at the HS Chapter level, products in 17 Chapters remain dutiable,  and 
subject to the MFN rate of duty, with  Chapter 22 (Beverages, spirits and vi negar) having the largest 
number of dutiable lines (126) and the highest rate (30%).15 For some Chapters such as Chapter 3, 
8 and 20 the average preferential rate is lower than the applied MFN rate, showing the granting of 
additional preferences for import s from Israel. Chapters 1 and 15 contain both MFN and preferential 
specific duties while under Chapters 18, 19, 25, 35 and 38, the ad valorem  part of the preferential 
rates is eliminated.  A few imports from Israel falling under Chapters 3, 7 and 8 (fish, vegetables and 
fruits) are subject to MFN seasonal duties. Seven varieties of fruit (various types of citrus fruits, 
grapes, melons and strawberries) are also subject to seasonal duties under the Agreement. For 
those products, the preferential rate is always lower than the MFN applied rate whether or not 
seasonal.16 
Chart 3.1 United Kingdom: Average of dutiable rates, by HS Chapter  
 
*/** Tariff lines subject to specific duties (for MFN, Preferential or both) . 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. For the calculation of 
averages, specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  part of alternate rates are included.  
 For the tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rat e for the entire year is used for the 
calculation. The products classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their tariff 
rates are averaged to the 8 -digit level.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data prov ided by UK.  
 
3.1.3.2   Israel  
3.13.  Tariff commitments taken by Israel under the EU -Israel Association Agreement for products 
originating in the UK are incorporated into the Agreement with a few modifications concerning tariff 
rate quotas . Table 3.3  shows tariff liberalization commitments taken by Israel under the Agreement. 
In 2021 , 5,729 tariff lines  (67% of Israel 's total lines ) were duty -free on an MFN basis, accounting 
for 70.6% of Israel's  imports from the UK during 2018 -2020.17 Under  the Agree ment, Israel  
liberalize d an additional 2,293 lines (26.8% of its tariff schedule), so that 93 .8% of its  total lines a re 
 
15 For lines excluded from tariff liberalization under the Agreement, the MFN rate has been used to 
calculate average dut ies on trade between the Parties.  
16 Tariff lines 0302.41.00, 0302.43.90, 0302.44.00, 0303.51.00, 0303.53.90, 0303.54.10, 0303.89.40, 
0304.59.50, 0304.99.23, 0702.00.00, 0708.10.00, 0805.10.22, 0805.10.24, 0805.10.28, 0808.10.80, 
0808.30.90, 0809.29.00  and 0809.40.05  are subject to MFN seasonal duties; and tariff lines 0805.10.22, 
0805.10.24, 0805.10.28, 0805.10.80 .10, 0806.10.10 .90, 0807.19.00  and 0810.10.00  are subject to seasonal 
duties under the Agreement.  
17 In 2021, Israel 's applied MFN tariff consiste d of 8,550 lines. Of these lines, 8,132 (95.11% of the 
tariff) were subject to ad valorem  rates of duty, 75 to specific rates, 338 to mixed rates and 5 to other duties.  0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%
01 02 03 04 06 07 08 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 29 35 38
HS ChapterPreferential MFNAverage Duty Rate
**                                             **                *      *                   *     *     *              WT/REG428/1  
 
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  duty-free u nder which  99.6% of its imports from the UK  entered during 2018 -20. A total of 528 lines 
remain  subject to duty, which concern ed 0.4% of Israel's  imports from the UK  in 2018 -2020. 
Table 3.3 Israel: Tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement and 
corresponding average trade  
Duty phase -out 
period  Number of 
lines  % of total 
lines in Israel's 
tariff schedule  Value of Israel's imports 
from the UKa (2018 -2020)  
USD million  % of Israel's total 
imports from the 
UK 
(2018 -2020)  
2021 (MFN)  5,729  67.0 1,345.3  70.6 
2021 2,293  26.8 553.5  29.0 
Remain dutiable  528 6.2 7.8 0.4 
Total 8,550  100.0  1,906.5  100.0  
a Covers HS chapters 1 -97. 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by the Israeli authorities.  
 
3.14.  Table 3.4 shows Israel's tariff elimination by HS Section. Over 93% of t he 528 lines that 
remain dutiable under the Agreement  are found in HS Sections I ( live animals) , II (vegetable 
products)  and IV (prepared foodstuffs and beverages ); they are subject to  average  duties ranging 
from 15. 5% to 90.9% while t he fewer remaining dutiable lines , under Sections  III (animal or 
vegetable fats ) and VI (chemical products) , have average  tariffs respectively of  9.1% and 28% .  
Table 3.4 Israel: Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS Section  
HS 
Section  MFN Average  
% Number 
of lines  Duty -free 
lines 
under 
MFN 2021  Number of duty -free 
lines under the 
Agreement  Remaining 
dutiable 
lines  Avg. Final 
Tariff  
(Dutiable)  
2021  
I 21.7 552 298 94 160 79.2 
II 47.7 460 164 97 199 90.9 
III 4.8 94 50 13 31 9.1 
IV 7.3 388 193 61 134 13.6 
V 0.3 171 164 7   
VI 1.2 988 866 118 4 28.0 
VII 3.8 330 192 138   
VIII 1.1 78 70 8   
IX 0.2 121 119 2   
X 3.4 176 119 57   
XI 0.6 1,215  1,152  63   
XII 0.9 50 46 4   
XIII 5.1 246 115 131   
XIV 4.2 79 45 34   
XV 3.3 1,062  660 402   
XVI 3.9 1,559  940 619   
XVII 3.9 383 179 204   
XVIII 2.7 337 221 116   
XIX 0.5 23 22 1   
XX 5.8 218 103 115   
XXI 4.8 20 11 9   
Total  6.4 8,550  5,729  2,293  528 60.7 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by the Israeli authorities.  WT/REG428/1  
 
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  3.15.  At the HS Chapter level, products in 21 Chapters remain dutiable wi th an average preferential 
tariff ranging between 4.3%  in Chapter 23 (residues and wastes from food industries)  and 113.9%  
in Chapter 7 (edible vegetables)  (Chart 3. 2).18 For a number of these Chapters, the average 
preferential rates are lower than or equa l to the MFN rates, showing the granting of additional 
preferen ces under the Agreement.19  
Chart 3.2 Israel: Average of dutiable rates, by HS Chapter  
 
 
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
 Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Israel.  
 
3.1.4   Tariff rate quotas  
3.16.  Pursuant to the incorporated Protocol s 1 and 2 of the EU -Israel Association  Agreement , each 
Party applies tariff rate quotas (TRQs) on imports of certain agricultural products, processed 
agricultural products and fish and fish products originating in the other Party . As a result of the UK 
leaving the EU, TRQs administered by the UK and partner countries have been resized to reflect the 
fact that the UK is a smaller import and export market than the EU.   
3.17.  Sections 5 and 6 of Annex II to the Agreement contain the modifications to the incorporated 
Protocols. The administrati ve period for the TRQs runs from 1 Janua ry to 31 December  each year .20  
3.18.  The UK's preferential TRQs concern 304 products. Quota quantities are fixed and do not 
increase over time. In -quota duties are generally zero (except for five products subject to specific 
duties) while out of quota rates are the current applied MFN rates except for 28 products benefitting 
from lower duties  than the MFN rates.  Israel's TRQs  concern 254 products . In-quota duties are zero 
except fo r five products. Both Parties maintain MFN TRQs , some for the same products as the 
 
18 For lines excluded from tariff liberalization under the Agreement, the MFN rate has been used to 
calculate average duties on trade between the Parties.  
19 The average preferential rate is higher than the  MFN applied tariff on lines remaining dutiable becau se 
lines for which the ad valorem part of the mixed duty line is eliminated on a preferential basis are not included 
in the calculation, thus giving the perception that the average preferential tariff is higher than the MFN average 
for lines remaining duti able.  
20 If the Agreement were to have enter ed into force part -way through the administration period, the 
volume of tariff quotas for the first year after the date of entry into force of the Agreement w ould be calculated 
on a pro rata basis.  020406080100120140160180
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 910 11 12 14 15 16*17 19 20 21 22 23 35Average Duty Rate
HS Chapters Preferential MFNWT/REG428/1  
 
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  preferential TRQs  although the Parties indicate that the preferential TRQs are in addition to MFN 
TRQs. Details of preferential TRQs as well as the quota quantities and rate s are provided in Annex  2.  
3.2  Rules of origin  
3.19.  Rules of origin are set out in Protocol 4 included in Appendix 3 to Annex II to the Agreement, 
which concerns the definition of the concept of 'originating products' and methods of administrative 
cooperation. Thi s Protocol follows the structure of Protocol 4 to the EU -Israel Association Agreement 
and largely replicates its provisions with  some adjustments concerning in particular cumulation of 
origin.  
3.20.  Pursuant to Article 221, products are considered as originating if they are wholly obtained in a 
Party within the meaning of Article 522, or are obtained in a Party incorporating materials which have 
not been wholly obtained there, provided that such materials have undergone sufficient working or 
processing  in the Party concerned within the meaning of Article 6.  
3.21.  Article 6 contains product specific rules of origin which allow products to acquire the quality 
of "sufficiently worked or processed product".  For this , certain conditions listed in Annex II23 
gener ally requir ing a change in tariff classification (CTC) at the Heading level and in some cases that 
the value of materials used does not exceed a percentage of the ex -works price of the product (the 
latter sometimes as an alternative rule) need to be fulfil led for non -originating materials used in 
manufacturing to be considered to have undergone sufficient working or processing and to obtain 
originating status. Article 6 also provides for a de minimis  or tolerance rule.  For all products except 
those falling within HS Chapters 50 to 63 (textiles and textile articles), non -originating materials 
may be used in the manufacture of a product provided that: (a) their total value does not exceed 
10 % of the ex -works price of the product; (b) any of the percentages gi ven in the list in Annex II 
for the maximum value of non -originating materials are not exceeded. However, whether or not 
those requirements of Article 6 are satisfied, a number of operations listed in Article 7 are considered 
as insufficient working or pro cessing to confer the status of originating products.  An absorption rule 
in Article 6 ensures that if a product which has acquired originating status is used in the manufacture 
of another product no account shall be taken of any non -originating materials w hich may have been 
used in its manufacture.  
3.22.  Articles 3 and 4 provide for  cumulation  of content . Products shall be considered as originating 
in a Party if they are obtained there, incorporating materials originating in the other Party, 
Switzerland (includi ng Liechtenstein), Iceland, Norway, T ürkiye , the EU or any country specified in 
Annex A24, provided that the working or processing carried out goes beyond the insufficient working 
or processing operations listed in Article  7. It is not necessary for such m aterials to have undergone 
sufficient working or processing. If the working or processing carried out in a Party is insufficient 
under Article 7, the product obtained shall be considered as originating in that Party only when the 
value added there is great er than the value of the materials used originating in any one of the other 
countries listed above. If this is not so, the product obtained shall be considered as originating in 
the country which accounts for the highest value of originating materials used  in the manufacture in 
the Party.  
3.23.  Moreover, w ith regard to cumulation in the UK  only, working or processing carried out in 
Iceland, Norway or the EU shall be considered as having been carried out in the UK when the 
products obtained undergo subsequent wor king or processing in the UK that goes beyond the 
operations referred to in Article 7 (Article 3.3). If this condition is not fulfilled, the product obtained 
shall be considered as originating in the UK only when the value added there is greater than the 
value added in any of the other countries (Article 3.5).  
 
21 Unless other wise specified, all articles, titles and annexes in this section refer to Protocol 4 included in 
Appendix 3 to Annex II to the UK -Israel Agreement.  
22 Article 5 lists the categories of products to be considered as wholly obtained.  
23 Pursuant to Article 40, Annex II replicates and incorporates Annex II to Protocol 4 to the EU -Israel 
Association Agreement.  
24 Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark in respect of the Faroe Islands, Egypt, Georgia, 
Jordan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro , Morocco, Palestine Liberation Organization for the 
benefit of the Palestinian Authority of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Serbia, Syria, Tunisia and Ukraine.  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 15 - 
 
  3.24.  These provisions on cumulation which apply for the UK except as provided for in Article 3.7b)25 
and for Israel except as provided for in Article 4.5b)26, are conditioned on the fact that: (i) a 
preferential trade agreement in accordance with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 is applicable between 
the countries involved in the acquisition of the originating status and the country of destination; (ii) 
materials  and products have acquired originating status by the application of rules of origin identical 
to those in Protocol 4; and (iii) notices indicating the fulfilment of the necessary requirements to 
apply cumulation have been published by the Parties. The cum ulation in respect of the EU applies 
provided that: (i) the UK, Israel and the EU have arrangements on administrative cooperation which 
ensure a correct implementation of the provisions on cumulation; (ii) materials and products have 
acquired originating s tatus by the application of rules of origin identical to those in Protocol 4; and 
(iii) notices indicating the fulfilment of the necessary requirements to apply cumulation have been 
published by the Parties.  
3.25.  Each Party agrees to provide to the other detai ls of the agreements or arrangements including 
their dates of entry into force, and their corresponding rules of origin, which are applied with the 
other countries referred to above in paragraph 3.23. The Parties indicate that such notifications have 
been made.  
3.26.  Articles 8 to 11 contain additional disciplines on the unit of qualification; accessories, spare 
parts and tools; sets; and neutral elements. Title III concerns territorial requirements with provisions 
on the principle of territoriality, including in  relation to operations carried out outside the Parties 
under outward processing procedures or similar arrangements (Article 12) and exhibitions 
(Article  14). Article 13 (Direct Transport) clarifies that the preferential treatment provided for under 
the Ag reement applies only to products which are transported directly between the UK and Israel or 
through the territories of the other countries referred to above in paragraph 3.23 with which 
cumulation is applicable. Products constituting one single consignmen t may be transported through 
other territories provided that they remain under the surveillance of the customs authorities in the 
country of transit or warehousing and do not undergo operations other than unloading, reloading or 
any operation designed to p reserve them in good condition. Originating products may also be 
transported by pipeline across territory other than that of the UK or Israel.  
3.27.  Article 15 stipulates that non -originating materials used in the manufacture of products 
originating in the UK or  in Israel shall not be subject to drawback of, or exemption from, customs 
duties of whatever kind. The prohibition does not preclude the application of an export refund system 
for agricultural products, applicable upon export in accordance with the provis ions of the Agreement 
(Article 15. 5). 
3.28.  Products originating in one Party that are imported into the other Party will benefit from the 
provisions of the Agreement upon submission of a proof of origin, such as a movement certificate 
EUR.1 or a movement certif icate EUR -MED issued by the customs authorities of the exporting country 
or, in some cases, an invoice declaration  made out on , a delivery note or any other commercial 
document given by the exporter describing the products concerned in sufficient detail. P rovisions on 
proof of origin are contained in Title V (Articles 16 to 31).  The Agreement permits the authorization 
of approved exporters who make frequent shipments under the Agreement subject to the provision 
of guarantees necessary to verify the originat ing status of the imported products and fulfilment of 
other requirements (Article 23).  
3.29.  The Protocol details in Title VI (Articles 32 to 36) the arrangements for administrative 
cooperation taken by the Parties, which cover mutual assistance, verification o f proofs of origin, 
settlement of disputes relating to verification procedures, penalties in cases of preparation of 
documents containing incorrect information, and products traded under cover of a proof of origin 
using a free zone situated in the territor ies of a Party.  Where disputes arise and cannot be settled 
between the customs authorities they shall be submitted to the Joint Committee (Article 3 4). 
3.30.  Title VII, Article 37, specifies that products originating in the territories of Ceuta and Melilla 
are not considered to be originating in the EU for the purposes of Protocol 4. Pursuant to Title VIII, 
industrial products (HS Chapters 25 -97) originating in Andorra and meeting the conditions of Articles 
 
25 Article 3.7b) provides for cumulation in respect of the EU for the UK . 
26 Article 4.5b) provides  for cumulation in respect of the EU for Israel . WT/REG428/1  
 
- 16 - 
 
  3(7)(b)(ii) or 4(5)(b)(ii) as well as products originati ng in San Marino meeting the conditions of 
Articles 3(7)(b)(ii) or 4(5)(b)(ii) shall be accepted as originating in the European Union.  
3.31.  The Protocol includes a Joint Declaration concerning a Trilateral Approach to Rules of Origin 
which would be the preferr ed outcome in trading arrangements between the Parties and the EU . The 
Joint Declaration provides that in the event of an agreement between the UK and the EU, the Parties 
approve taking urgent necessary steps to update Protocol 4 and reflect a trilateral a pproach to the 
rules of origin involving the EU. The necessary steps would be taken in accordance with the 
procedures of the Joint Committee contained in Protocol 4.  According to the Parties no changes have 
been made to the Protocol on rules of origin.   
3.3  Export duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  
3.32.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of the EU -Israel Association  Agreement on export 
duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions. It prohibits the application of customs duties , 
including  of a fiscal nature,  or measures having equivalent effect on exports of industrial products 
between the Parties  (incorporated Article 8) . Quantitative restrictions on exports and measures 
having equivalent effect are also prohibited between Israel and the UK (incorporated Article 17) .  
3.4  Regulatory provisions of the agreement  
3.4.1   Standards  
3.33.  The Agreement incorporates the  provisions of the EU -Israel Association  Agreement whereby 
the Parties agree to take appropriate steps to reduce differences in standardisation an d conformity 
assessment  (incorporated Article 47) .  
3.4.1.1   Sanitary and phytosanitary measures  
3.34.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of Article 46 of the EU -Israel Association 
Agreement on agriculture , which call for the Parties to focus on the harmonisation of phytosanitary 
and veterinary standards, as well as Protocol 3 concerning Plant Protection . The Protocol , which 
reaffirms the WTO SPS Agreement and lists the covered products (cut flowers an d fruits) , is slightly 
modified by Annex II, Section 7, with some names of flowers and fruits being replaced by a generic 
reference to Council Directive 2000/29/EC.   
3.4.1.2   Technical barriers to trade  
3.35.  Under  Article 3 .3, the Agreement expressly incorporates the 2010 Protocol on Conformity 
Assessment and Acceptance of Industrial Products ( the "EU-Israel Conformity Assessment 
Agreement "), with the modifications detailed in Annex II, Section 10.  The Parties agree to facilitate 
the elimination  of technical barriers to trade  on certai n industrial products  through the mutual 
recognition of the results of obligatory conformity assessment subject to relevant United Kingdom 
law and to the corresponding Israeli national law . The implementation of the original EU -Israel 
Conformity Assessment Agreement required Israel to align its legislation  and technical infrastructure  
with those of the EU.  The modifications  specified in Annex II to the Agreement aim mainly,  in line 
with Article 6, at removing the provisions requiring  Israel to app roximate its rules to EU law.  
3.36.  The Agreement also incorporate s the Annex to the EU -Israel Conformity Assessment 
Agreement concerning  Mutual Acceptance of Industrial Products, Pharmaceutical Good 
Manufacturing Practice  (GMP) , subject to the modification prov ided in Annex II , Section  10. For the 
products covered27, each Party  will continue to recognize the conclusions of inspections of 
compliance carried out by the relevant inspection services of the other Party and to accept  inspection 
results, reports, manufacturing and import authorisations and GMP certificates issued by the other 
Party. As stated in Annex II, Section  10, the only change to this Annex concerns point 3 Section  IV 
(exchange of manufacturing/import authorisations and GMP compliance information) and provides 
 
27 Medicinal products, active pharmaceutical ingredients, pharmaceutical excipients or mixtures thereof, 
for human or veterinary use . WT/REG428/1  
 
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  that the  United Kingdom should enter all necessary information and authorisations in dedicated 
databases.   
3.4.2   Safeguard mechanisms  
3.4.2.1   Global safeguards  
3.37.  There are no provisions on global safeguards in the Agreement.  
3.4.2.2   Bilateral safeguards  
3.38.  The Agreement incorporates Articles 23 to 25 of the EU -Israel Association Agreement whereby 
the Parties may take appropriate measures where the increase in imports of a product occurs in 
such quantities and under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause serious injury to domestic 
producers of like or directly competitive products in the te rritory of one of the parties or serious 
disturbances in any sector of the economy or difficulties which could bring about serious deterioration 
in the economic situation of a region. Under Article 25 furthermore before taking the measures, the 
Party shall  supply the Joint Committee with relevant information required for an examination of the 
situation with a view to finding a solution acceptable to the Parties. Priority shall be given to a 
solution which least disturbs the functioning of the Agreement. The  safeguard measures shall be 
notified immediately to the Joint Committee and be the subject of periodic consultations with a view 
to their elimination as soon as circumstances permit.  
3.4.2.3   Balance of payments  safeguards  
3.39.  In the case of serious balance of payment s difficulties,  or a threat thereof,  a Party  may adopt 
for a limited period , restricti ve measures , in accordance with the conditions laid down within the 
framework of the GATT and with Articles VII and XIV of the Articles of Agreement of the Interna tional 
Monetary Fund.  These restrictions may not go beyond what is strictly necessary to remedy the 
balance of payments situation  (incorporated Article 26) . 
3.4.2.4   Other safeguards  
3.40.  There are no provisions on agricultural safeguards in the Agreement.  Under Article 24 where 
compliance with Article 17 on the elimination of export restrictions and taxes, leads to (i) re -export 
toward a third country against which the exporting Party maintains quantitative export restrictions, 
export duties or equivalent measures, or (ii) a serious shortage or threat thereof, of a product 
essential to the exporting Party, and where such situations give rise or are likely to give rise to major 
difficulties for the exporting Party, it may take appropriate measures following procedures under 
Article 25 . The measures shall be non -discriminatory and shall be eliminated when conditions no 
longer justify their maintenance.  The Parties indicate that no such measures are currently 
maintained.  
3.4.3   Anti-dumping and countervailing measures  
3.41.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions the EU -Israel Association  Agreement on a nti-
dumping measures. Pursuant to incorporated Article 22, i f one of the Parties finds that dumping is 
taking place in its trade with the other party, it may take appropriate measures in accordance with 
the WTO antidumping Agreement , with its related internal legislation and with the procedures laid 
down in incorpo rated Article 25 , which are modelled on the WTO disciplines and procedures.  
3.42.  The Agreement does not contain any specific provisions related to countervailing measures. 
However, a reference to WTO disciplines is made in the incorporated Title IV, in particul ar through 
the incorporated Article 36.28  
3.4.4   Subsidies and state -aid 
3.43.  Pursuant to the incorporated Article 36  of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement, a ny public aid 
which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the pr oduction 
 
28 See below section 4.10.3.  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 18 - 
 
  of certain goods is incompatible with the proper functioning of the Agreement.  Each Party ensure s 
transparency in the area of public aid,  inter alia , by reporting annually to the other Party on the total 
amount and the distribution of the aid given and by providing, upon request, information on aid 
schemes  or particular cases of public aid.  
3.5  Customs -related procedures  
3.44.  Besides  the provisions on proof of origin ( Protocol 4, Title V , included in Appendix 3 ), the 
Agreement incorporates  the provision s of the EU-Israel Association Agreement on customs 
cooperation  focusing on the simplification and computerisation of customs procedures  through 
exchange of information (incorporated Article 49) , as well as the provisions of Protocol 5 on mutual 
assistance between administrative authorities in customs matters .  
3.6  Other regulations  
3.45.  There are no other specific regulations in the Agreement.  
3.7  Trade in services  
3.46.  Although the Agreement was notified by the Parties under GATT Article XXIV, it contains a 
few p rovisions on trade in services by incorporation of Title III of the EU-Israel Association 
Agreement on the right of establishment and supply of services. In those provisions, as modified by 
editorial changes included in Annex II, Section 2, of the Agreemen t, the Parties agree to widen the 
scope of the Agreement to cover the right of establishment and the liberalization of the provision of 
services (incorporated Article 29). The Parties also reaffirm their obligations under the GATS, 
particularly  the obligat ion to grant reciprocal MFN treatment in the services sectors covered 
(incorporated Article 30).  
3.8  Sector -Specific Provisions of the Agreement  
3.47.  There are no sector -specific provisions in the Agreement.  
4  GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT  
4.1  Transparency  
4.1.  Pursuant to the incorporated provisions of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement, the Parties 
agree to ensure transparency in the area of competition and public aid  (incorporated Article 36) . 
Transparency elements appear in various parts of the Agreement, notably in the incorporated 
provisions on cooperation, requiring information and/or notifications to be provided by the Parties.  
4.2  Current payments and capital movements  
4.2.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of Title IV, Chapter 1, of the EU -Israel Association  
Agreement on capital movements and payments. The Parties undertake to impose no restrictions on  
the movement of capital and no discrimination based on the nationality or on the place of residence 
of their nationals or on the place where such capital is invested  (incorporated Article 31) . Current 
payments connected with the movement of goods, persons , services or capital shall also be free of 
all restrictions ( incorporated Article 32) . This is nevertheless without prejudice to the application of 
any restriction which exists between the Parties on the date of entry into force, in respect of the 
movemen t of capital between them involving direct investment, including in real estate, 
establishment, the provision of financial services or the admission of securities to capital markets. 
However, the transfer abroad of investments made in Israel by UK resident s or in the UK by Israeli 
residents and of any profit stemming therefrom shall not be affected (incorporated Article 33).  
4.3.  If capital movements between the Parties cause or threaten to cause  serious difficulties in the 
operation of exchange rate policy or m onetary policy  of either Party , that Party may take strictly 
necessary safeguard measures with regard to  such capital  movements  for a period not exceeding 
six months, in conformity with the GATS and with Articles VIII and XIV of the Articles of Agreement 
of the IMF  (incorporated Article 34) . WT/REG428/1  
 
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  4.3  Exceptions  
4.4.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement  which state 
that nothing  preclude s prohibitions or restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit justified on 
grounds of public morality, public policy, public security ; the protection of health and life of humans, 
animals or plant s; the protection of national treasures of artistic,  historic or archaeological value ; or 
the protection of intellectual and commercial property or rules relating to gold and silver.  Such 
prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a 
disguised restricti on on trade between the Parties (incorporated Article 27).  
4.5.  According to i ncorporated Article 76 , nothing prevents a Party from taking measures which it 
considers necessary to protect  its security interests and defence . There are also e xceptions to the 
obligation to provide assistance in customs matters (incorporated Protocol 5) when assistance might 
prejudice the sovereignty of a Party , public policy, security or other essential interests, when it 
involve s currency or tax regulations other than regulations concerning customs duties or when it 
violate s an industrial, commercial or professional secret.  
4.6.  Concerning direct taxation, incorporated Article 78 provides that nothing in the Agreement shall 
have the e ffect of extending the fiscal advantages granted by either Party in an international 
agreement or arrangement by which it is bound; preventing the adoption or application by either 
Party of any measure aimed at preventing the avoidance or evasion of taxes;  and/or opposing the 
right of either Party to apply the relevant provisions of its tax legislation to taxpayers who are not 
in identical situations, in particular as regards their place of residence.  
4.4  Accession and withdrawal  
4.7.  The Agreement does not contain any accession provisions.  Pursuant to the incorporated 
Article  82, it is concluded for an unlimited period.  Each party may denounce the Agreement by 
notifying the other party ; the Agreement w ill cease to apply  six months after such notification . 
4.8.  The Agreement also amends the EU -Israel Agreement  (Article 8) which provides that any 
amendments must be agreed in writing by the Parties and will enter into force on an agreed date 
following the completion of domestic legal requirements and procedures. Furthermore, the Joint 
Committee may modify the Annexes and Protocols and the Parties may adopt those modifications 
subject to their respective applicable legal requirements and procedures.  
4.5  Institutional framework  
4.9.  The ins titutional  provisions of Title IX of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement  are incorporated 
into the Agreement subject to the  modifications included in Annex II , Section 4, which aim mainly 
at removing references to EU institutions and replacing them , when  appropriate , with references to 
UK bodies.  
4.10.  Pursuant to Article 7 .1 of the Agreement , the Association Council and Association Committee 
established under the EU -Israel Association Agreement are renamed the Joint Council and the Joint 
Committee  respec tively . These bodies ensure that the Agreement operates properly upon entry into 
force.  The Joint Council , consisting of representatives from both governments, meets once a year 
and examine s major issues arising within the framework of the Agreement. It has the power  to take 
decisions which are binding on the Parties and may also make recommendations.  It can set up 
working groups or bodies necessary for the implementation of the Agreement . At official level, the  
Joint Committee ( replacing the  Association Committee  pursuant to Article 7.1 ) is responsible for the 
implementation of the Agreement.  It has the power to take decisions for the management of the 
Agreement as  well as in those areas in w hich the Joint Council has delegated its powers to it. Those 
decisions are binding on the Parties  (incorporated Articles 67 to 73).  Previously adopted decisions 
by the EU -Israel Association Council or the Association Committee will be considered as adopted  by 
the UK -Israel Joint Council or the Joint Committee.  
4.11.  Pursuant to Article 7.2 of the Agreement , any decisions adopted by the Association Council, 
the Association Committee or by any other committees or working groups established under any of 
the EU -Israel Trade Agreements shall be deemed to have been adopted, mutatis  mutandis,  by the WT/REG428/1  
 
- 20 - 
 
  Joint Committee.  The Joint Council or the Joint Committee  established by the Agreement can make 
decisions which are different to, revoke, or supersede th ese decisions (Article 7.3).  
4.6  Dispute settlement  
4.12.  Pursuant  to the incorporated Article 75  of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement,  a Party may 
refer any dispute relating to the application or interpretation of the Agreement  to the Joint Council 
(replacing the Association Council pursuant to Article 7.1) which settles the  difference by means of 
a decision . The Parties shall be bound to take the measures involved in carrying out the decision. If 
this is not possible, either Party may notify the appointment of an arbitrator to the other Party, which 
must then appoint a secon d arbitrator within two months.  The Joint Council appoint s a third 
arbitrator.  The arbitrators ' decisions are taken by majority vote  and are binding on the Parties . 
4.13.  In the area of proofs of origin, d isputes relat ing to the verification procedures which can not 
be settled between the customs authorities shall be submitted to the Joint Committee ( Article 34 , 
Protocol 4 included in Appendix 3 to Annex II ). Each party to the dispute must take the steps required 
to implement the decision of the arbitrators.  
4.7  Relat ionship with other agreements concluded by the parties  
4.14.  Under the incorporated Article 21, the Parties agree that the Agreement shall not preclude 
the maintenance or establishment of customs unions, free trade areas or arrangements for frontier 
trade, excep t in so far as they alter the trade arrangements provided for in the Agreement. 
Consultations between the Parties shall take place concerning agreements establishing customs 
unions or free trade areas and, where appropriate, on other major issues relate d to their respective 
trade policy with third parties.  
4.15.  In addition to the EU -Israel trade Agreements, most of which are incorporated into the 
Agreement, Table 4.1 below shows the Parties' participation in RTAs, notified and non -notified, other 
than the Agre ement.  
Table 4. 1: United Kingdom and Israel: p articipation in other RTAs (notified and non -
notified in force), as of 1 September 2022  
RTA Name  Entry into forcea Coverage  GATT/WTO Notification  
Year  WTO Provision  
UNITED KINGDOM  
United Kingdom – Iceland, 
Liechtenstein and Norway  01-Dec-21 Goods & 
Services  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – Mexico  01-Jun-21 Goods & 
Services  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Serbia  20-May-21 Goods & 
Services  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Albania  03-May-21 Goods & 
Services  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Jordan  01-May-21 Goods  2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Ghana  05-Mar-21 Goods  2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
EU - United Kingdom  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Cameroon  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Canada  01-Jan-21 
01-Apr-21 Goods  
Services  2020 
2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - CARIFORUM 
States  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Central 
America  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Chile 01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – Colombia, 
Ecuador and Peru  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Côte 
d'Ivoire  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Eastern and 
Southern Africa States  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Egypt  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 21 - 
 
  RTA Name  Entry into forcea Coverage  GATT/WTO Notification  
Year  WTO Provision  
United Kingdom - Faroe 
Islands  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Georgia  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Japan  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Kenya  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Kosovob 01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Lebanon  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Morocco  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - North 
Macedonia  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Norway and 
Iceland  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Pacific 
States  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
• United Kingdom - Pacific 
States - Accession of Samoa  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
• United Kingdom - Pacific 
States - Accession of 
Solomon Islands  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV 
United Kingdom - Palestine  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Republic of 
Korea  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Republic of 
Moldova  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - SACU and 
Mozambique  01-Jan-21 Goods  2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom – Singapore  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Switzerland 
- Liechtenstein  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV 
United Kingdom - Tunisia  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom – Türkiye  01-Jan-21 Goods  2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom – Ukraine  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Viet Nam  01-Jan-21 Goods & 
Services  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
ISRAEL  
Ukraine – Israel  01-Jan-21 Goods  2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
Southern Common Market 
(MERCOSUR) – Israel  23-Dec-09 Goods  2019 GATT Art. XXIV  
Israel – Mexico  01-Jul-00 Goods  2001 GATT Art. XXIV 
EU – Israel  01-Jun-00 Goods  2000 GATT Art. XXIV  
Türkiye  – Israel  01-May-97 Goods  1998 GATT Art. XXIV  
Canada - Israel  01-Jan-97 Goods  1997 GATT Art. XXIV  
EFTA - Israel  01-Jan-93 Goods  1992 GATT Art. XXIV  
United States - Israel  19-Aug-85 Goods  1985 GATT Art. XXIV  
Protocol on Trade Negotiations 
(PTN)  11-Feb-73 Goods  1971 Enabling Clause  
Israel - Colombia  11-Aug-20 Goods  Not notified  
Panama - Israel  01-Jan-20 Goods & 
Services  Not notified  
Jordan - Israel  19-Apr-96 Goods  Not notified  
a Dates of the first entry into force/provisional application for at least one of the Parties. Where dates of 
provisional application have been provided by the Parties, further notifications to confirm the dates of 
entry into force are awaited.  
b Reference to Kosovo in this table shall be understood to be in the context of the United Nations Security 
 Council resolution 1244 (1999).  
Source:  WTO Secretariat. Further information on these Agreements and on specific dates of entry into 
force/provisiona l applications may be found in the WTO Database on RTAs: http://rtais.wto.org . 
 WT/REG428/1  
 
- 22 - 
 
  4.8  Government procurement  
4.16.  According to  Article 3.2, the Agreement expressly incorporates the 1997 EU -Israel 
Procurement Agreement.  The Parties thereby agree to take measures with a view at a mutual 
opening of their government procurement markets and the procurement market of undertakings in 
the utilities sectors beyond what has been mutually covered under the WTO Government 
Procurement Agreement.  
4.17.  In Annex II, Section  9, the Agreement sets out modifications to the EU -Israel Procurement 
Agreement  mainly aimed at ensuring the continuity of rights and obligations between the Parties 
following the UK's exit from  the EU.  To replace the EU's GPA commitments29 (which  applied to the 
UK by virtue of its membership of the EU ), a new Article 5  to the Agreement provides that the GPA 
is incorporated into and made part of the Agreement and appl ies mutatis mutandis  between Israel 
and the UK.30 The UK became a member of the GPA on 1 January 2021.  
4.9  Intellectual property rights  
4.18.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of the EU-Israel Associat ion Agreement  on 
intellectual property. T he Parties are committed to granting and ensuring adequate and effective 
protection of intellectual, industrial and commercial property rights in accordance with the highest 
international standards , including effect ive means of enforcing such rights (incorporated Article 39) . 
In addition, in the incorporated Annex VII, Israel makes specific commitments to accede to several 
multilateral conventions on property rights.   
4.19.  In its Annex I , the Agreement  also incorporates  a Joint Declaration and a Common Declaration 
initially made by the EU and Israel.  The Joint Declaration provides that, for the purpose of the 
Agreement, intellectual, industrial and commercial property includes in particular copyright, 
includi ng copyright in computer programs, and neighbouring rights, patents, industrial designs, 
geographical indications, including appellations of origin, trademarks and service marks, 
topographies of integrated circuits, as well as protection against unfair com petition as referred to in 
Article 10a of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Stockholm Act, 1967) 
and protection of undisclosed information on "know -how". In the Common Declaration,  the Parties 
agree to discuss a possible agree ment on the protection of geographical indications for agricultural 
products and other foodstuffs.    
4.10  Competition  
4.20.  The Agreement incorporates the provisions of Title IV, Chapter 3, of the EU -Israel Association  
Agreement on competition . Incorporated Article 36 lists  some  practices deemed incompatible with 
the Agreement such as agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings 
or concerted practices which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction, or distortion 
of competition within the Parties ; abuse of dominant position in the territories of the Parties; and 
public aid distortin g or threatening to distort competition . The Association Council shall adopt by 
decision the necessary rules for the implementation of the above -mentioned provisions.  In the 
meantime, the provisions contained in Article VI, XVI and XXIII of the GATT are to be applied  as the 
rules for the implementation of practices to prohib it public aid that distorts or threatens to distort 
competition . If a Party considers that an incompatible practice is not adequately dealt with under 
the implementing rules or threatens to cause serious prejudice to the interest of the other Party or 
material injury to its domestic industry, including its services industry, it may take appropriate 
measures after consultation within the Association Committee or after 30 working days following 
referral for such consultation.   
 
29 As specified in Annex II, Section 9, all references to "GPA" are to be read as references to the 
Government Procurement Agreement as amended by the Protocol Amending the Agreement on Government 
Procurement, done at Geneva on 30 March 2012.  
30 This Article  clarifies also that until the UK acceded to the GPA, the rights and obligations that existed 
between Israel and the UK under the GPA when the UK was a member of the EU or during any transition or 
implementation period, continue d to apply under the Agreeme nt. WT/REG428/1  
 
- 23 - 
 
  4.21.  In the incorporated Article 37, the Parties agree to  progressively adjust any State monopolies 
of a commercial character so as to ensure that no discrimination exists regarding the conditions 
under which goods are procured and marketed between their nationals .  
4.22.  In incorporated Article 38  trade distorting measures with regard to public undertakings  and 
undertakings  to which special or exclusive rights had been granted shall neither be enacted nor 
maintained .  
4.11  Environment  
4.23.   Pursuant to the incorporated Title VI  of the EU-Israel Association Agreement , conservation 
of the environment and ecological balance is to be taken into account in the implementation of the 
various sectors of economic cooperation to which it is relevant, like in the agriculture and energy 
sectors (incorporated  Article 42). T he Parties agree to  promote cooperation to prevent deterioration 
of the environment, control pollution and ensur e the rational use of natural resources, with a view 
to ensuring sustainable development and promoting regional environmental pro jects (incorporated 
Article 50) . 
4.12  Labour  
4.24.  The Agreement incorporates Title VIII  (Social Matters) of the EU-Israel Association  Agreement 
with some modifications included in Annex II , Section 3 . The Parties agree to conduct a dialogue on 
social matters such as labour relations.  The Agreement as modified contains social security 
arrangements allowing Israeli workers to combine periods  of insurance, employment or residence in 
the UK and in the EU for the purpos e of the right to pensions, allowances and medical care for 
themselves and their families. All pensions and allowances granted to workers can be transferred 
freely to Israel. Israeli workers concerned can receive family allowances for the members of their 
families in the UK. Israel agrees  to grant to UK workers legally employed on its territory and to their 
families a similar treatment. Pursuant to the modifications included in Annex II of the Agreement, 
those provisions will apply only when  the Joint Counc il decides to do so after determining that 
appropriate data sharing arrangements are in place  between the UK and the EU  to enable the UK to 
implement the se arrangements . According to the Parties no further action to date has been taken 
by the Joint Council .  
4.13  Electronic commerce  
4.25.  The Agreement does not contain specific provisions on electronic commerce.  
4.14  Small and medium -sized enterprises  
4.26.  The Agreement incorporates the general provision of  the EU-Israel Association  Agreement 
under which the Parties agree to promote cooperation between their small and medium -sized 
enterprises  (incorporated Article 45 on industrial cooperation) . 
4.15  Other  
4.15.1   Cooperation  
4.27.  Under incorporated Titles V to VII of the EU -Israel Agreement, the Parties agree to cooperate 
on a number of issues including scientific and technological cooperation, economic cooperation, 
cooperation on audio -visual and cultural matters, information and communication, and social 
matters.  
 WT/REG428/1  
 
- 24 - 
 
  ANNEX 1  
1. Tables  A1.1 and A1.2 present the Parties' tariff elimination schedule by total, agricultural 
(HS Chapters 01 -24) and non -agricultural ( HS Chapters 25 -97) products.  
2. In the case of the UK, in 2021 , the average MFN applied tariff was 3.8% overall, 8.9% and 
2.5% for agricultural and industrial products respectively. The share of duty -free lines overall was 
47% (18.8% for agricultural products and 57.1% for industrial products). As a result of the 
Agreement,  the average preferential tariff for imports from Isr ael was 0.2% overall, 0.7% for 
agricultural products and zero for industrial products (except for specific tariffs on some lines);  the 
share of duty -free tariff lines rose to 95.6%  overall (84.3% for agricultural products and 99.7% for 
industrial products) . Israeli exporters to the UK enjoyed an absolute margin of preference vis-à-vis 
the prevailing MFN tariff of 3.6% overall, 8.2% for agricultural goods and 2.5% for industrial 
products.  
Table A1. 1 United Kingdom: Indicators of MFN and preferential rates for imports from 
Israel  
Origin of 
goods  Year  ALL PRODUCTS  HS Chapters 01 -24 HS Chapters 25 -97 
Average 
applied tariff  Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied 
tariff  Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average applied 
tariff  Share of 
duty-free 
tariff 
lines (%)  Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
MFN 2021 3.8 7.8 47.0 8.9 12.0 18.8 2.5 5.8 57.1 
Israel  2021  0.2 12.7 95.6 0.7 12.7 84.3 0.0 * 99.7 
* Dutiable tariffs lines are subject to specific rates only.  
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. For the calculation of averages, 
specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  part of alternate rates are included . 
 For the tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rate for the entire year is used for the 
calculation. The products classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their tariff 
rates are averaged to the 8 -digit level.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by UK.  
 
3. Table A1.2 provides a comparison between MFN rates applied by Israel in 2021  and 
preferential tariff rates granted by Israel under the Agreement. In 2021, Israel's overall average 
applied MFN tariff rate was 6.4% and MFN duty -free tariff lines accounted for 67% of the tariff 
schedule. The average applied MFN tariff on agricultural goods was 25.1%, compared to an average 
applied tariff of 2.7% on industrial goods. Under the Agreement, Israel's average applied tariff for 
imports from the UK was 3.3% overall, and 19.5% and 0% respectively for agricultural and ind ustrial 
products. UK exporters thus face zero duties on 93.8% of Israel's tariff (64.9% for agricultural 
products and 99.9% for industrial products).  
Table A1. 2 Israel: Indicators of MFN tariff rates and preferential rates for i mports from 
the United Kingdom  
Origin of 
goods  Year  ALL PRODUCTS  HS Chapters 1 -24 HS Chapters 25 -97 
Average 
applied tariff  Share of 
duty-free 
tariff lines 
(%) Average 
applied tariff  Share of 
duty-free 
tariff 
lines (%)  Average 
applied tariff  Share of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
Overall 
(%) 
On 
dutiable 
(%) 
MFN 2021 6.4 19.9 67.0 25.1 49.9 47.2 2.7 9.4 71.2 
UK 2021 3.3 60.7 93.8 19.5 61.0 64.9 0.0 28.0 99.9 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in-quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by the Israeli authorities.  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 25 - 
 
  4. Tables A1.3 -A1.4 show market access conditions for the Parties' top 25 exports in each other's 
markets.  
5. Table A1.3 gives an indication of market access resulting from the entry into force of the 
Agreement for Israel's top 25 global exports. During 2018 -2020, Israel's top 25  exports covered 102 
lines at the HS  six-digit level and accounted for 51.3% o f Israeli global exports ; 61 of these lines 
were duty -free on an MFN basis. The  remaining  41 dutiable lines are liberalized under the Agreement 
so that all of Israel 's top 25 export products have duty -free access to the UK's market.  
Table A1. 3 United Kingdom: Market access opportunities under the Agreement for 
Israel's top 25 exports to the world  
Israel's top export products  
in 2018 -20 Access Conditions to UK's markets  
HS number and description  Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2021  No. of 
duty-free 
lines 
under the 
agree - 
ment  
Remain 
Dutiable  
Avg. 
Tariff 
(%) No. of 
duty-
free 
lines  No. of 
dutia -
ble 
lines  
2021  
710239  Diamonds  15.3 0.0 1    
300490  Medicaments  4.7 0.0 1    
854231  Electronic integrated circuits  3.9 0.0 3    
293359  Heterocyclic compounds  3.8 0.0 3    
880330  Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters  3.1 0.0 1    
710231  Non-industrial diamonds  2.9 0.0 1    
851762  Machines for the reception, 
conversion and transmission  1.8 0.0 1    
901890  Instruments and appliances used in 
medical, surgical or veterinary 
sciences  1.7 0.0 8    
310590  Mineral or chemical fertilisers  1.6 3.2  2 2  
820900  Plates, sticks, tips and the like for 
tools 1.3 0.0 2    
854370  Electrical machines and apparatus  1.3 0.7 10 5 5  
380893  Herbicides, anti -sprouting products 
and plant -growth regulators  1.2 6.0  9 9  
851770  Parts of telephone sets, telephones 
for cellular networks  1.0 0.0 1    
271020  Petroleum oils and oils obtained 
from bituminous minerals  0.9 1.2 2 4 4  
901819  Electro -diagnostic apparatus  0.7 0.0 2    
903141  Optical instruments and appliances  0.7 0.0 1    
903149  Optical instruments, appliances  0.7 0.0 2    
392690  Articles of plastics and articles of 
other materials  0.7 5.8  3 3  
300390  Medicaments  0.7 0.0 1    
844319  Printing machinery  0.6 0.0 3    
271019  Medium oils and preparations, of 
petroleum or bituminous minerals  0.6 1.2 12 13 13  
380891  Insecticides  0.6 6.0  5 5  
842482  Agricultural or horticultural 
mechanical appliances  0.6 0.0 2    
854239  Electronic integrated circuits  0.5 0.0 3    
903082  Instruments and apparatus for 
measuring or checking 
semiconductor wafers or devices  0.5 0.0 1    
Total of above  51.3 1.0 61 41 41 - 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. For the calculation of 
averages, specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  part of alternate rates are included.  
 For the tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rat e for the entire year is used for the 
calculation. The products classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their tariff 
rates are averaged to the 8 -digit level.   
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by the UK and UNSD Comtrade Database.  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 26 - 
 
  6. Table A1.4 shows the market access opportunities resulting from the Agreement for the UK's 
top 25 exports which, in 2018 -2020, accounted for 38.4% of the UK's global exports. In 202 1, those 
25 products represented 98 lines  of the Israeli tariff, of which 54 were duty free  on an MFN basis ; 
44 additional lines are liberalized  under the Agreement as a result of which the UK's top 25 exports 
enjoy duty free access to the Israeli market.  
Table A1. 4 Israel: Market access opportunities under the Agreement for the United 
Kingdom's top 25 exports to the world  
United Kingdom's top export products  
in 2018 - 2020  Access Conditions to Israel's 
import markets  
HS number and description  
Share in global 
exports (%)  MFN 2021  
Duty Free under the 
Agreement  
Remain dutiable  Avg MFN 
applied 
rate (%)  No. of 
lines  Duty-
free  
duti-
able 
710813  Gold, incl. gold plated with platinum, in semi-
manufactured forms, for non -monetary purposes  5.6 0.0 1    
270900  Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous 
minerals, crude  4.9 0.0 2    
300490  Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed 
products for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes,  3.2 0.0 1    
880330  Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters, n.e.s.  2.9 0.0 1    
841112  Turbojets of a thrust > 25 kn  2.6 0.0 1    
870323  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, of a 
cylinder capacity > 1.500 cm³ but <= 3.000 cm³  2.4 4.4 3 5 5  
841191  Parts of turbojets or turbopropellers, n.e.s.  2.1 0.0 1    
870324  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, of a 
cylinder capacity > 3.000 cm³  1.7 4.4 3 5 5  
220830  Whiskies  1.3 0.0 1    
271012  Light oils and preparations  1.3 0.0 4    
970110  Paintings, e.g. oil paintings, watercolours and 
pastels, and drawings executed entirely by hand  1.3 0.0 2    
870322  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, of a 
cylinder capacity > 1.000 cm³ but <= 1.500 cm³  1.2 3.5 3 3 3  
711319  Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious 
metal other than silver  1.0 8.0 1 2 2  
271019  Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or 
bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, 
n.e.s.  1.0 0.0 13    
870332  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, of a 
cylinder capacity > 1.500 cm³ but <= 2.500 cm³  0.7 5.3 2 6 6  
300220  Vaccines for human medicine  0.6 0.0 1    
870340  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, of a 
cylinder capacity > 1.500 cm³ but <= 2.500 cm³  0.6 4.9 3 7 7  
711021  Palladium, unwrought or in powder form  0.6 0.0 1    
300215  Immunological products, for retail sale  0.6 4.0 1 1 1  
851762  Machines for the reception, conversion and 
transmission or regeneration of voice, images or 
other data  0.6 2.0 1 1 1  
382200  Diagnostic or laboratory reagents on a backing, 
prepared diagnostic or laboratory reagents  0.5 0.0 2    
490199  Printed books, brochures and similar printed 
matter  0.5 0.0 2    WT/REG428/1  
 
- 27 - 
 
  United Kingdom's top export products  
in 2018 - 2020  Access Conditions to Israel's 
import markets  
HS number and description  
Share in global 
exports (%)  MFN 2021  
Duty Free under the 
Agreement  
Remain dutiable  Avg MFN 
applied 
rate (%)  No. of 
lines  Duty-
free  
duti-
able 
870333  Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally 
designed for the transport of <10 persons, incl. 
station wagons and racing cars, with only diesel 
engine of a cylinder capacity > 2.500 cm³  0.5 5.3 2 6 6  
840890  Compression -ignition internal combustion piston 
engine "diesel or semi -diesel engine"  0.4 3.0 1 1 1  
870899  Parts and accessories, for tractors, motor vehicles 
for the transport of ten or more persons  0.4 5.0 1 7 7  
 
Total of above  38.4  
54 44 44 0 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation. Based on the HS 2017 
nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by the Israeli and the UK authorities.  
  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 28 - 
 
  ANNEX 2  
TARIFF RATE QUOTAS  UNDER THE AGREEMENT  
1. Table A2.1 below summarizes the TRQs for imports into the UK . 
Table A2. 1 TRQs for imports by  the UK  
TRQs/Product's HS Codes  Tariff rates under the 
Agreement  
MFN Rates  
In-quota  Out-of-quota  
TRQ1: HS Chapter 02 (76 metric tonnes (MT))  
02074593, 02075593  0% MFN 0% 
02074481, 02074581, 02075481, 02075581  0% MFN 103 GBP/100 
kg 
02074410, 02074510  0% MFN 107 GBP/100 
kg 
02074441, 02074499, 02074541, 02074599, 02075441, 
02075499, 02075541, 02075599  0% MFN 15 GBP/100 
kg 
02074431, 02074531, 02075431, 02075531  0% MFN 22 GBP/100 
kg 
02075210  0% MFN 37 GBP/100 
kg 
02074230, 02074461, 02074561  0% MFN 38 GBP/100 
kg 
02075290  0% MFN 40 GBP/100 
kg 
02074280  0% MFN 42 GBP/100 
kg 
02075421, 02075521  0% MFN 44 GBP/100 
kg 
02074421, 02074521  0% MFN 47 GBP/100 
kg 
02074471, 02074571, 02075471, 02075571  0% MFN 55 GBP/100 
kg 
02075461, 02075561  0% MFN 58 GBP/100 
kg 
02074491, 02074595, 02075491, 02075595  0% MFN 6% 
02075451, 02075551  0% MFN 72 GBP/100 
kg 
02075410, 02075510  0% MFN 92 GBP/100 
kg 
02074451, 02074551  0% MFN 96 GBP/100 
kg 
TRQ2: Fresh or chilled new potatoes from 1 January to 30 June (9,689 MT)  
07019050  0% MFN 8% 
TRQ3: HS Chapter 04 (177 MT)  
04041048  0% MFN 0% 
04041034, 04041078  0% MFN 0.80 
GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04041028, 04041036, 04041074, 04041082  0% MFN 1.10 
GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04041032, 04041038, 04041076, 04041084  0% MFN 1.30 
GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04041004, 04041014, 04041052, 04041058  0% MFN 113 GBP/100 
kg WT/REG428/1  
 
- 29 - 
 
  TRQs/Product's HS Codes  Tariff rates under the 
Agreement  
MFN Rates  
In-quota  Out-of-quota  
04041006, 04041016, 04041054, 04041062  0% MFN 139 GBP/100 
kg 
04041026, 04041072  0% MFN 14 GBP/100 
kg 
04041002  0% MFN 5.80 
GBP/100 kg  
04041012, 04041056  0% MFN 84 GBP/100 
kg 
TRQ4: Fresh or chilled sweet peppers (2,349 MT)  
07096010  0% 4.3%  6% 
TRQ5: Cherry tomatoes (3,814 MT)  
0702000007*  0% MFN 8% (01 -11 – 
14-05), 14% 
(15-05 – 31-
10) 
TRQ6: HS Chapter 06 (3,023 MT)  
06031100, 06031200, 06031300, 06031400, 06031500, 
06031910, 06031920, 06031970  0% MFN 8% 
TRQ7: HS Chapter 08 (30,509 MT)  
08051022, 08051024, 08051028  0% 6.4% (01 -01 to 
31-03); 4.1% 
(01-04 to 30 -
04); 1.9% (01 -
05 to 15 -05); 
1.2% (16 -05 to 
15-10); 2% 
(16-10 to 31 -
10); 6.4% (01 -
11 to 31 -12) 10% (01 -11 
– 30-04), 
2% (01 -05 – 
31-10) 
0805108010  0% 6.4% (01 -01 to 
31-03); 4.8% 
(01-04 to 15 -
10); 6.4% (16 -
10 to 31 -12) 12% 
TRQ8: HS Chapter 20 (4,767 MT)a 
2009120090, 2009199891, 2009199899  0% 3.6%  12% 
2009119996, 2009119998  0% 4.5%  14% 
2009119190, 2009199191, 2009199199  0% 4.50% + 5.10 
GBP/100 kg  14% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
2009111990*, 2009191991*, 2009191999*  0% 10% 30% 
2009111191*, 2009111199*, 2009191151*, 2009191159*, 
2009191171*, 2009191179*  0% 10% + 5.10 
GBP/100 kg  30% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
TRQ9: HS Chapter 20 (2,898 MT)b  
2009120010, 2009199811, 2009199819  0% 3.6%  12% 
2009119911, 2009119919, 2009119992, 2009119994  0% 4.5%  14% 
2009119110, 2009199111, 2009199119  0% 4.5% + 5.10 
GBP/100 kg  14% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
2009111910*, 2009191911*, 2009191919*  0% 10% 30% 
2009111111*, 2009111119*, 2009191121*, 2009191129*, 
2009191131*, 2009191139*  0% 10% + 5.10 
GBP/100 kg  30% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
TRQ10: HS Chapter 06 (1,068 MT)  
06031500, 06031920, 06031970  0% MFN 8% WT/REG428/1  
 
- 30 - 
 
  TRQs/Product's HS Codes  Tariff rates under the 
Agreement  
MFN Rates  
In-quota  Out-of-quota  
TRQ11: Tomatoes other than Cherry tomatoes (681 MT)  
0702000099*  0% MFN 8% (01 -11 – 
14-05), 14% 
(15-05 – 31-
10) 
TRQ12: Sweetcorn, uncooked or cooked by steaming or by boiling in water, frozen; Sweetcorn 
"zea mays var. Zaccharata", prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid, 
frozen (1,444 MT)  
07104000, 20049010  0% + 
5.50 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained 
wt 0% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net drained 
wt 4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  
TRQ13: Sweetcorn provisionally preserved (735 MT)  
07119030  0% 0% 0% 
TRQ14: Sweetcorn "zea mays var. Saccharata", prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid; 
Sweetcorn "zea mays var. Saccharata", prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic 
acid excl. frozen (735 MT)  
20019030, 20058000  0% + 
5.50 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained 
wt 0% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net drained 
wt 4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  
TRQ15: Live domestic turkeys, weighing <= 185g (17,695 pieces)  
01051200  0% MFN 127 
GBP/1,000  
TRQ16: Cucumbers, fresh or chilled (136 MT)  
07070005*  0% MFN 12% 
TRQ17: Dried tomatoes, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared (163 
MT) 
07129030  0% MFN 12% 
TRQ18: HS Chapter 08 (5,448 MT)  
0805219011, 0805220020, 0805290011*  0% 6.4%  16% 
TRQ19: HS Chapter 08 (2,136 MT)  
0805219011, 0805220020, 0805290011*  0% 6.4%  16% 
TRQ20: Meat or offal of turkeys "poultry"; Meat or offal of domestic Turkey containing 25% or 
more but less than 57% by weight of poultry meat or offal (681 MT)  
16023119*, 1602318010*  0% MFN 856 
GBP/1,000 
kg 
TRQ21: Cooked and Prepared or preserved meat or meat offal of fowls of the species gallus 
domesticus containing (272 MT)  
16023230*  0% MFN 2,313.00 
GBP/1,000 
kg 
16023219*  0% MFN 856 
GBP/1,000 
kg 
TRQ22: Chewing gum, whether or not sugar -coated (14 MT)  
17041090  0% 0% + 25 
GBP/100 kg 
Max 6.00%  6% 
TRQ23: HS Chapter 18 (341 MT)  
18062070  0% 0% 14% WT/REG428/1  
 
- 31 - 
 
  TRQs/Product's HS Codes  Tariff rates under the 
Agreement  
MFN Rates  
In-quota  Out-of-quota  
18062010, 18062030, 18062050, 18062080, 18062095  0% 0% 8% 
18061020*  0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 0% + 21 
GBP/100 kg  8% + 21 
GBP/100 kg  
18061030*  0% + 22 
GBP/100 
kg 0% + 26 
GBP/100 kg  8% + 26 
GBP/100 kg  
18061090*  0% + 29 
GBP/100 
kg 0% + 35 
GBP/100 kg  8% + 35 
GBP/100 kg  
TRQ24: Gingerbread and the like  (436 MT)  
19052090  0% + 18 
GBP/100 
kg 0% + 26 
GBP/100 kg  10% + 26 
GBP/100 kg  
19052030  0% + 14 
GBP/100 
kg 0% + 20 
GBP/100 kg  8% + 20 
GBP/100 kg  
TRQ25: Tomatoes (107 MT)  
20029091, 20029099  0% MFN 14% 
TRQ26: Peaches, In slices, deep fried (15 MT)  
2008707110  0% MFN 18% 
TRQ27: Products from HS Chapter 20 (2,677 MT)  
2009905130, 2009905939, 2009909620, 2009909820  0% MFN 16% 
2009909420  0% MFN 16% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
2009902920*  0% MFN 30% 
2009902111*, 2009902119*  0% MFN 30% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
TRQ28: HS Chapter 22 (1,216 hl)  
22042111, 22042112, 22042113, 22042117, 22042118, 
22042119, 22042122, 22042124, 22042126, 22042127, 
22042128, 22042131, 22042132, 22042134, 22042136, 
22042137, 22042138, 22042142, 22042143, 22042144, 
22042146, 22042147, 22042148, 22042161, 22042162, 
22042166, 22042167, 22042168, 22042169, 22042171, 
22042174, 22042176, 220421 77, 22042178, 22042179, 
22042180, 22042181, 22042182, 22042183, 22042184, 
22042193*, 22042194*, 22042195*, 22042196*, 
22042197*, 22042198*, 22042285, 22042286, 22042985, 
22042986  0% MFN 10 GBP/hl  
22042123, 22042185, 22042186, 22042189, 22042288, 
22042290, 22042291, 22042988, 22042990, 22042991  0% MFN 12 GBP/hl  
22042187, 22042188, 22042190, 22042191  0% MFN 15 GBP/hl  
22043092, 22043094  0% MFN 20% 
22041011, 22041013, 22041015, 22041091, 22041093, 
22041094, 22041096, 22041098, 22042106, 22042107, 
22042108, 22042109, 22042210, 22042910  0% MFN 26 GBP/hl  
22043010  0% MFN 30% 
22043096, 22043098  0% MFN 40% 
22042222, 22042223, 22042224, 22042226, 22042227, 
22042228, 22042232, 22042233, 22042238, 22042278, 
22042279, 22042280, 22042281, 22042282, 22042283, 
22042284, 22042293*, 22042294*, 22042295*, 22042296*, 
22042297*, 22042298*, 22042922, 22042923, 22042924, 
22042926, 22042927, 22042928, 22042932, 22042938, 
22042978, 22042979, 22042980, 22042981, 22042982, 
22042983, 22042984, 22042993*, 22042994*, 22042995*, 
22042996*, 22042997*, 22042998*  0% MFN 8.20 GBP/hl  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 32 - 
 
  TRQs/Product's HS Codes  Tariff rates under the 
Agreement  
MFN Rates  
In-quota  Out-of-quota  
TRQ29: Fresh melons (excl. watermelons) (4,086 MT)c 
08071900  0% 4.4% (01 -08 to 
31-05); MFN 
(01-06 to 31 -
12) 8% 
TRQ30: Fresh strawberries (681 MT)d 
08101000  0% 4.4% (01-11 to 
30-04); MFN 
(01-05 to 31 -
12) 10% 
TRQ31: HS Chapter 35 (34 MT)  
35052010, 35052030, 35052050, 35052090  0% 0.00% + 14.00 
GBP / 100 kg 
MAX 8.00%  8% 
TRQ32: HS Chapter 02 (545 MT)  
02072740  0% MFN 15 GBP/100 
kg 
02072760  0% MFN 21 GBP/100 
kg 
02072730  0% MFN 22 GBP/100 
kg 
02072770  0% MFN 38 GBP/100 
kg 
02072750  0% MFN 56 GBP/100 
kg 
02072710*  0% MFN 71 GBP/100 
kg 
a b:  The quotas for TRQ8 And TRQ9 are linked. Any used volume is deducted from both quotas.  
c :  Validity of pro rata volume in 2021 from 01 -01 to 31 -05. 
d :  Validity of pro rata volume in 2021 from 01 -11 to 30 -04. 
*  Tariff lines also subject to MFN TRQs.  
Source:  Based on data provided by the UK.  
 
2. Table A2. 2 below summarizes the TRQs for imports into Israel . 
Table A2.2  TRQs for  imports by Israel  
HS Codes  Under the Agreement  Average MFN rates  
In-quota  Quantity 
(kgs)  Out-of-quota 
(Average)  
*01022990, *01023990, *01029080.  0% 163,000  MFN 1.15 NIS/kg  
01051210, 01051310, 01051410, 
01051510.  0% 280,572 
each 60% 6.60 NIS each but 
not>35%  
*02011000, *02012000, *02013000.  0% 153,000  MFN 12% 
*02041010, *02041090, *02042100, 
*02042200, *02042300, *02043000, 
*02044100, *02044200, *02044300, 
*02045000.  0% 109,000  50% 7 NIS/kg but not>30%  
02071100, 02071200, 02071300 , 
02071400, 02072400, 02072500, 
02072600, 02072700.  
02074590, 02075100, 02075400, 
02076010, 02076020.  
 
02075200, 02075590.  0% 163,000  95% 
 
 
MFN 
 
 
 4.5 NIS/kg but not>than 
138%  
 
6.75 NIS/kg but 
not>146%  
 
0% 
02075300.  0% 14,000  MFN 9 NIS/kg but not>111%  
02075510, 02076090.  0% 68,000  MFN 4.50 NIS/kg but 
not>136%  
03023100.  0% 34,000  MFN 0% WT/REG428/1  
 
- 33 - 
 
  HS Codes  Under the Agreement  Average MFN rates  
In-quota  Quantity 
(kgs)  Out-of-quota 
(Average)  
03033100, 03033300, 03033400, 
03033900.  0% 14,000  Reduction of 
25% 0% 
03043300, 03043930, 03044300, 
03044410, 03044420, 03044440, 
03044710, 03044920, 03044930.  0% 7,000  MFN 0% 
*04021020.  0% 297,000  MFN 162%  
*04021090.  Reduction 
of 55%  297,000  MFN 162%  
*04022120, 04022190.  0% 602,000  MFN 212%  
04029100, 04029900.  0% 14,000  MFN 40% 
*04031011, *04031012, *04031013, 
*04031019.  
*04031020, *04031030, 04031090, 
*04039011, *04039012, *04039013, 
*04039019, *04039090.   0% 27,000  3.61 NIS/kg  
 
MFN 5.50 NIS/kg but not>60%  
04041090, 04049000.  0% 191,000  MFN 40% 
*04051039, *04051099, *04052000, 
*04059020, *04059090.  0% 89,000  MFN 0% 
*04062020.  
04061010 *04061090 *04062090, 
*04063000, *04064000, *04069020 
04069030, *04069090.  0% 113,000  MFN 8% 
7.96 NIS/kg  
04071900.  0% 6,810 each  MFN 3.6 NIS each but not>50%  
*04072100, *04072900, *04079000.  0% 1,090,254 
each MFN 0.3 NIS each but 
no>170%  
04090020, *04090090.  0% 25,000  MFN 13.14 NIS/kg but 
not>255%  
*04090030.  0% 41,000  MFN 10.10 NIS/kg but 
not>255%  
07019011, 07019019.  0% 869,000  MFN 1.73 NIS/kg but 
not>230%  
*07031019, *07031099.  0% 313,000  MFN 0.90 NIS/kg but 
not>298%  
07032030.  
 
07032090.  
 0% 31,000  Reduction of 
25% 9.47 NIS/kg but 
not>340%  
6.90 NIS/kg but 
not>340% and not<6.72 
NIS/kg  
07092010.  0% 14,000  75% 75% 
07095190.  0% 27,000  60% 5.4 NIS/kg but not>344%  
07101000.  0% 34,000  MFN 12% but not>2.34 NIS/kg  
07102100.  0% 148,000  MFN 12% but not>1.17 NIS/kg  
*07102200.  0% 199,000  MFN 12% but not>.17 NIS/kg  
07102990.  0% 90,000  20% 20% 
07103000.  0% 89,000  MFN 20% 
07108013, 07108019, 07108020, 
07108050, 07108060, 07108090.  
07108040, 07109000.  0% 215,000  MFN 11% 
 
12% but not<1.2 NIS/kg  
07129010.  0% 8,000  MFN 16% 
07129020, 07129050, 07129090.  0% 48,000  MFN 6.7%  
07129030, 20029020.  0% 168,000  MFN 8% 
08026100, 08026200, 08027000, 
08028000, 08029099.  
*08029020.  0% 76,000  Reduction of 
15% 4.80%  
 
6.1 NIS/kg but not>100%  
08042020.  0% 76,000  Reduction of 
20% 8% 
08051010.  0% 136,000  MFN 0.70 NIS/kg but 
not>162%  WT/REG428/1  
 
- 34 - 
 
  HS Codes  Under the Agreement  Average MFN rates  
In-quota  Quantity 
(kgs)  Out-of-quota 
(Average)  
08052110, 08052210, 08052910.  0% 272,000  MFN 0.81 NIS/kg but 
not>182%  
08055010.  0% 68,000  120%  0.76 NIS/kg but 
not>246%  
08061010, 08061090.  0% 68,000  150%  2.4 NIS/kg but not>349%  
08094010.  
 
08094090.  0% 68,000  MFN 
 
60% 1.11 NIS/kg but 
not>102%  
0.69 NIS/kg but 
not>102%  
*08062030.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*08062090.  0% 16,000  Reduction of 
25% from 
defined (per 
unit) and 
alternative 
defined (per 
unit) method, 
but not from 
rate or 
alternative 
rate 
Reduction of 
25% but 
not>150%  6.31 NIS/kg but 
not>340%  
08071100.  0% 102,000  50% 0.42 NIS/kg but 
not>102%  
08071910.  
 
 0% 41,000  MFN 1.18 NIS/kg but 
not>102%  
08091010.  
08091090.  0% 41,000  MFN 
60% 1.49 NIS/kg but not>89%  
0.94 NIS/kg but not>89%  
08093010.  
08093090.  0% 41,000  MFN 
50% 1.29 NIS/kg but not>89%  
0.82 NIS/kg but not>89%  
08081000.  0% 447,000  MFN 1.79 NIS/kg but 
not>553%  
08083000.  0% 291,000  MFN 2 NIS/kg but not>438%  
08084000.  0% 52,000  80% 1.37 NIS/kg but 
not>315%  
08092110, 08092190, 08092910, 
08092990.  0% 14,000  MFN 2.63 NIS/kg but not>81%  
08129010.  0% 14,000  MFN 30% 
08112090.  0% 22,000  12% 8% 
08105010, 08105090.  0% 27,000  MFN 2.16 NIS/kg but not>94%  
08119010, 08119090.  0% 90,000  MFN 8% 
08121000.  0% 84,000  MFN 8% 
08132010, *08132090.  0% 99,000  MFN 2.51 NIS/kg but not>66%  
09042100, 09042200.  0% 15,000  MFN 12% 
*10011100, *10011900.  0% 1,449,000  50% 50% 
*10019100, *10019990.  0% 25,992,000  50% 50% 
*10019910.  0% 40,860,000  MFN 50% 
12099922.  
12099929.  0% 76,000  MFN 0% 
4 NIS/kg but not>105%  
15071010, 15079010.  0% 391,000  Reduction of 
40% 7% 
*15091010, *15091020, 15091090, 
*15099031, *15099032, 15099039.  0% 41,000  MFN 12% + 4.42 NIS/kg but 
not<5.40 NIS/kg  
15099090.  0% 95,000  MFN 8% 
16010010.  
 
16010090.  0% 68,000  MFN 
 
12% 12% + 2.90 NIS/kg but 
not>22%  
0% WT/REG428/1  
 
- 35 - 
 
  HS Codes  Under the Agreement  Average MFN rates  
In-quota  Quantity 
(kgs)  Out-of-quota 
(Average)  
16023190.  0% 681,000  MFN 12% + 2.90 NIS/kg but 
not>22%  
16023290.  0% 272,000  MFN 12% + 2.90 NIS/kg but 
not>22%  
16025091, 16025099.  0% 46,000  12% 0% 
16041100.  0% 14,000  MFN 0% 
16041300.  0% 31,000  MFN 0% 
16041430, 16041440.  
16041490.  0% 45,000  MFN 0% 
12% 
16043100, 16043200.  0% 3,000  MFN 0% 
17041090.  0% 10,000  0.11 NIS/kg  4% 
19053200.  0% 163,000  0% 4% 
20011000.  Reduction 
of 17%  8,000  MFN 12% but not<0.59 NIS/kg  
20019090.  0% 136,000  MFN 12% 
20021000.  0% 14,000  MFN 12% but not<0.97 NIS/kg  
20060000.  0% 14,000  12% 12% 
*20029013.  Reduction 
of 50%  140,000  MFN 12% but not<0.97 NIS/kg  
20029020.  0% 168,000  MFN 8% 
20049010.  0% 46,000  8% 12% 
20052090.  0% 34,000  MFN 12% but not<2.34 NIS/kg  
*20057010, 20057090.  0% 34,000  MFN 12% but not<1.07 NIS/kg  
20054090.  0% 41,000  MFN 12% but not<1.17 NIS/kg  
20055100.  0% 41,000  12% 12% 
*20059970.  0% 178,000  MFN 12% 
20059990.  0% 178,000  MFN 12% 
20079991.  
20079999.  0% 195,000  12% 
MFN 4% 
12% 
20084030, 20084090.  0% 68,000  MFN 4% 
20089300, 20089990.  
20089919.  0% 68,000  MFN 
40% 10% 
8% 
20085030, 20085090.  0% 71,000  MFN 4% 
20086000.  Reduction 
of 92%  37,000  MFN 8% 
20087000.  0% 305,000  MFN 8% 
20088040.  0% 30,000  MFN 12% but not<1.46 NIS/kg  
20089710.  0% 76,000  MFN 8% 
20093110, 20093190.  0% 76,000  12% 12% 
20093911.  0% 147,000  12% 0% 
*20096110, *20096120, *20096190, 
20096920.  0% 31,000  MFN 16.5% but not<1.5 NIS/kg  
20097110, 20097190.  0% 108,000  27.5%  12% 
20097931, 20097939, 20097990.  0% 227,000  28.33%  8% 
20098111, 20098930.  0% 120,000  MFN 12% 
20099030.  0% 82,000  MFN 12% WT/REG428/1  
 
- 36 - 
 
  HS Codes  Under the Agreement  Average MFN rates  
In-quota  Quantity 
(kgs)  Out-of-quota 
(Average)  
21050011, 21050012, 21050013.  100% 
reduction 
of the AV 
component 
and 30% 
of the 
agricultural 
component  68,000  1.11 NIS/kg 
but no>85%  4% 
22041000.  
 
22042100, 22042200, 22042900, 
22043000.  0% 58,600 
litres MFN 12% but not<3.42 
NIS/litre  
12%+1.28 but not<4.17 
NIS/litre  
22051000, 22059000.  0% 27,200 
Litres  20% 12% but not<1.97 
NIS/litre  
22082000.  0% 27,200 
Litres  7.5 NIS/litre 
alcohol  0% 
22071051, 22071059.  0% 470,000 
Litres  8.90 NIS/litre 
alcohol  0% 
23040000.  0% 408,000  MFN 7.5%  
23063000.  2.5%  781,000  MFN 2.8%  
23064100.  4.5%  534,000  MFN 0% 
23091020.  0% 157,000  MFN 3% 
23099020.  0% 219,000  MFN 4% 
*35021100.  
 
35021900.  0% 7,000  8.4 NIS/kg 
but not>50%  
3.25 NIS/kg 
but not>50%  5 NIS/kg but not>50%  
 
10% + 3.25 NIS/kg but 
not>50%  
* Tariff lines also subject to MFN TRQs.  
Source:  Israel authorities.  
__________