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المواصفة القياسية الكويتية  
KWS 16/2018 
 
 
 
 
 
 
الأصباغ (الدهانات) اللامعة ذات الأساس الألكيدي للأعمالالداخلية 
والخارجية وأعمال البناء والخرسانة  
 
Gloss Alkyd Paint for Interior and Exterior Uses and 
for concrete, steel, and wood surfaces.  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
الهيئة العامة للصناعة 
دولة الكويت 
 
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 تقديم 
 
تمثل إدارة المواصفات والمقاييس جهاز التقييس الوطني بدولة الكويت وهي عضو مؤسس في هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول 
الخليج العربية وهي هيئة إقليمية تضم في عضويتها أجهزة التقييس الوطنية في الدول الأعضاء، ومن مهام الإدارة إعداد المواصفات 
القياسية واللوائح الفنية الكويتية بواسطة لجان فنية متخصصة . 
 
قامت اللجنة الفنية بدراسة  وتحديث المواصفة القياسية الكويتية رقم  KWS 16،التعاريف والتصنيف والخصائص وبطاقة البيان ات 
مع إدخال تعديلات فنية عليها وذلك وفق القرار الوزاري الصادر بشأنها.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
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Translation  
 
Public Authority for Industry  
Specifications and Standards Department  
 
Final Draft  
8.3.2018  
 Gloss  Alkyd Paints for Interior  and Exterior  Uses   
and for concrete, steel,  and wood surfaces.  
KSS No. 16/1994   
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 Gloss  Alkyd Paints for Interior  and Exterior  Uses   
and for concrete, steel,  and wood surfaces.  
 
1) Scope  
1.1 This Kuwaiti Standard is concerned with the requirements and testing methods of alkyd (oily) 
gloss  paints as well as base paints for painting as  a final layer, used in alkyd paints for exterior  
and interior  uses  and for concrete, steel,and wood surfaces.  
2 Normative references:  
2.1   GSO ISO 1513 – Paints and Varnishes – Examination and Preparation of test samples  
2.2  GSO ISO 1514 - Paints and Var nishes – standard Panels for testing  
2.3  GSO ISO 2808 Paints and Varnishes – determination of film thickness  
2.4  GSO ISO 15528 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes – Sampling  
2.5  GSO ISO 3270 Paints and varnishes and their raw m aterials - Temperatures and humidities for 
conditioning and testing  
2.6  GSO ISO 2811 -1 Paints and Varnishes - determination of densi ty – Part 1:  pycnometer  
method.  
2.7  GSO ISO 6504 -3 Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 3: Determina tion 
of contrast ratio of light -coloured paints at a fixed spreading rate  
2.8  GSO ISO 2884 -2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of viscosity using rotary viscometers - 
Part 2: Disc or ball viscometer operated at a specified speed  
2.9  GSO ISO 3251 Paint s, varnishes and plastics - Determination of non -volatile -matter content  
2.10  GSO ISO 2813 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of gloss value at 20 degrees, 60 
degrees and 85 degrees  
2.11  GSO ISO 9117 -4 Paints and varnishes -- Drying tests -- Part 4: T est using a mechanical 
recorder  
2.12  ASTM D2486 standard test methods for scrub resistance of wall paints.  
2.13  GSO ISO 1524 Paints, varnishes and printing inks -- Determination of fineness of grind  
2.14  GSO ISO 1523 Determination of flash point -- Closed cup equilibrium method  
2.15  GSO ISO 3856 -1 Paints and varnishes - Determination of "soluble" metal content - Part 1: 
Determination of lead content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method and dithizone 
spectrophotometric method   
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 2.16  GSO ISO 1647 -3 Paints and varnishes -- Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources -- 
Part 3: Fluorescent UV lamps  
2.17 GSO ISO 1519 Paints and varnishes -- Bend test (cylindrical mandrel)  
2.18 GSO ISO 6272 -1 Paints and varnishes -- Rapid -deformation (impact resis tance) tests -- Part 1: 
Falling -weight test, large -area indenter  
2.19 GSO ISO 2812 -1 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of resistance to liquids -- Part 1: 
Immersion in liquids other than water  
2.20 GSO ISO 11890 -1 Paints and varnishes - Determination o f volatile organic compound (VOC) 
content – Part 1: Difference method  
GSO ISO 11890 -2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content 
Part 2: Gas -chromatographic method  
 
3 Classifications:  
3.1 Alkyd gloss  paints for interior  and exterior  uses are classified into premium and medium 
categories.  
3.2 Gloss  alkyd paints are classified as they include the white color and three types of bases: base 
(a) for light colours, base (b) for medium colours and base (c) for dark colours.  
 
4 Definitions :  
4.1 Gloss  
Extent of the painted surface’s ability to reflect light.  
 
 
4.2 Final appearance:  
A paint which provides upon its dryness a layer with a high degree of gloss.  
 
4.3 Vehicle:  
The carrier medium shall contain a dryable oil or alkyd resin or a mixture of both. Further, it 
contains a suitable solvent or a mixture of diluters and additives.  
 
4.4 Pigments:  
Any pigments and suitable dispersion materials may be used, provided the final product meets 
all the requirements of this standard specification .  
  
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 4.5 Base:  
It is a semi -finished product which needs to be tinted to be a finished coloured product and it is 
classified as A base, B base, and C base depending on the required colour of final product.  
 
4.6 Skinning:  
The formation of a skin layer on to p of the paint surface inside the container.  
 
4.7 Opacity  
The ability of the paint layer to conceal or opaque the painted underneath surface.  
 
 
4.8 Drying time  
The time elapsed between using the paint layer and reaching the specified dryness condition.   
 
4.9 Peeling (removal)  
The failure which occurs due to the bulging of a dried layer of paint or varnish upon painting 
with another layer, and usually appears in the form of twists  
 
4.10 Lifting (bulging)  
This is a failure which occurs in the paint or dr ied painted layer and usually appears in the form 
of curls when painted with another layer above it.  
5 Requirements  
 
5.1  Composition:  
Alkyd (oily) paint consists of a color with suitable spreading substances with suitable ratios in 
alkyd (oily) medium or any ty pe of industrial alkyds with any other suitable compositions 
suitable for the production of the paint substance which achieve the requirements of this 
specification.  
 
5.2 Application properties:  
The paint shall be characterized by satisfactory application prop erties upon applying it 
according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The dry layer of paint should be gloss , well 
adhered and free of any surface deformation such as sagging, crinkling, cracking, pinholds, or 
any other surface defects, after the lapse of 24 hours as a maximum of air drying.  
  
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 5.3 Status in the container:  
The paint shall be free of particles, skinning surfaces or gelling and the paint shall not contain 
any residue or granules other than the ones that can be re -mixed in the paint, in order fo r the 
paint to be in a smooth and homogenous status.  
 
5.4 Storage properties:  
The paint shall retain its properties if left in its tightly sealed original container away from direct 
sunlight for a period not less than 12 months without forming a skin layer o n the surface or its 
composition thickens during this period and upon occurrence of deposition, it may be re -mixed 
easily.  
 
5.5 Appearance of dried film (finish):  
When a film of the paint has dried for the specified drying period, it shall have, smooth, firmly  
adherent and substantially free from brush marks or sagging or wrinkling, and shall in no way 
be inferior as regards finish to a film prepared in the same way and the same time from the 
approved reference sample.  
 
 
5.6 Requirements:  
Table No.1 illustrates th e requirements for the premium category and table No.2 the 
requirements for the medium category, and the base paints for each category.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
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 Table 1 : ( Alkyd Paints – Premium / Gloss )  
*For any test sample the exposed area should not exceed (Maximum 5mm) along the same direction of the brush  Premium / Gloss  
Test Description  اللون الأبيض 
White)  أساسأ  
Base A)  أساس ب  
Base B)  أساس جـ  
Base C)  
Specific gravity  
ISO 2811 -1  
(Maximum )  1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 
Opacity - % 
ISO 6504 -3  
(Minimum )  90 90 80 NA 
Viscosity - poise  
 ISO 2884 -2 5-10 5-10 5-10 5-10 
Gloss  
ISO 2813 ) at angle 60°) 
(Minimum)  80 80 80 80 
Surface Dry Time – Hrs. 
ISO 9117 -4 at film thickness 100 µ m  
(Maximum ) 3 3 3 3 
Full Dry / Dry to hardness - Hrs. 
ISO 9117 -4 at film thickness 100 µ m  
(Maximum )  24 24  24  24  
Scrub resistance  
ASTM D2486 at film thickness 100 µ m 
(Minimum 3000 cycles )  pass pass pass pass 
Fineness of Grind - Micron  
ISO 1524  
(Maximum ) 30 30 30 30 
Flash point - °C  
ISO1523 
(Minimum )  35 35 35 35 
Lead - wt.%  
ISO 3856 -1 
(Maximum )  0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 
Artificial weathering   
  ISO 16474 -3 (at 360 hrs.)  pass pass pass pass 
Elast icity Bend  
ISO 1519 at 3mm  pass pass pass pass 
Impact test  
ISO 6272-1 (at 1000gm, 85 cm)  pass pass pass pass 
Kerosene Resistance  
ISO 2812 -1 (at 24 hrs.)  pass pass pass pass 
Non Volatile Material - wt.%  
ISO 3251  
(Minimum)  55 50 50 45 
Volatile Organi c Compound - g/L  
ISO 11890 -1/ ISO 11890 -2 
(Maximum)  500 
 500 500 500  
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 Table 2 : ( Alkyd Paints Gloss – Medium )  
*For any test sample the exposed area should not exceed (Maximum 5mm) along the same direction of the brush  
 Medium / Gloss  
Test Description  اللون الأبيض  
White)  أساس أ  
Base A)  أساس ب  
Base B)  أساس جـ  
Base C)  
Specific gravity  
ISO 2811 -1  
(Maximum )  1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 
Opacity - % 
ISO 6504 -3  
(Minimum )  90 90 80 NA 
Viscosity - poise  
 ISO 2884 -2 5-10 5-10 5-10 5-10 
Gloss  
ISO 2813 ) at angle 60°) 
(Minimum)  80 80 80 80 
Surface Dry Time – Hrs. 
ISO 9117 -4 at film thickness 100 µ m 
(Maximum )  4 4 4 4 
Full Dry / Dry to hardness - Hrs. 
ISO 9117 -4 at film thickness 100 µ m 
(Maximum )  24 24  24  24  
Scrub resistance  
ASTM D2486 at film thickness 100 µ m 
(Minimum 3000 cycles )  pass pass pass pass 
Fineness of Grind - Micron  
ISO 1524  
(Maximum ) 30 30 30 30 
Flash point - °C  
ISO1523 
(Minimum )  35 35 35 35 
Lead - wt.%  
ISO 3856 -1 
(Maximum )  0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 
Artificial weathering   
  ISO 16474 -3 (at 360 hrs.)  pass pass pass pass 
Elasticity Bend  
ISO 1519 at 3mm  pass pass pass pass 
Impact test  
ISO 6272-1(at 1000gm, 85 cm)  pass pass pass pass 
Kerosene Resistance  
ISO 2812 -1 (at 24 hrs.)  pass pass pass pass 
Non Volatile Material - wt.%  
ISO 3251  
(Minimum)  50 50 50 45 
Volatile Organic Compound - g/L  
ISO 11890 -1/ ISO 11890 -2 
(Maximum)  500 500 500 500  
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6) Sampling :  
6.1 A sample representing the paint consignment  of not less than 4 litres  or 1 gallon  shall be taken 
according to the me thod stipulated under clause 2.4  
6.2 The samples shall be prepared for testing according to clause  2.1 &  2.2  
 
7) Packing:  
7.1 The paints shall be packed in suitable , clean, dry and tightly sea led containers,  and inactive to 
the contents  whereby the free space from the full level is 15% as a maximum.  
7.2 A variation in the content  by ±2% shall be allowed.  
 
8) Labelling :  
The following details shall be placed on each container in  Arabic language or in Arabic and 
English languages, in a manner difficult to be removed.  
8.1 Name and type of the paint, its classification  according to clause 3  and the type of the base  
used whether A, B, or C for each class.  
8.2 Name of the manufacturer or it s trademark.  
8.3 Country of origin  
8.4 If the paints are manufactured according to a license, this detail shall be stated.  
8.5 Production batch number  
8.6 Production date (month, year), expiry date or validity period from the production date.  
8.7 Net volume in litres or its equivalent.  
8.8 Method of use and maximum limit for the dilution percentage whereby the paint retains its 
properties.  
8.9 Any warning  details relevant to this paint (example: may cause allergy upon contacting the 
skin)  
8.10 Warning: it is prohibited to use containers  to store foodstuff  
8.11 Other clarification details  (for example storage conditions, it should be stored in the shade, as 
per the technical and safety data sheet of the substance  TDS) .  
8.12 Place the international logo of the United Nations Program which demonstra tes hazard of 
paint.  
8.13 Indicate whether the product conforms with this specification  standard .   
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 الجهات التي اشتركت في وضع المواصفات القياسية 
 
-الهيئة العامة للصناعة  - إدارة الموا صفات والمقاييس – إدارة مختبرات الجودة.  
-وزارة الأشغال العامة/ المركز الحكومي  للأبحاث والبناء. 
-المؤسسة العامة للرعاية السكنية.  
-شركة أصباغ جي تي سي المحدودة  GTC. 
-أصباغ ناشونال NATIONAL 
-شركة همبل للأصباغ البحرية – الكويت HEMPEL. 
-شركة سايبس  SIPES. 
-شركة أصباغ ام بي سي MPC 
-شركة أصباغ كي بي سي KPC 
-شركة أصباغ جوتن  JOTUN