Code ofGood Animal Husbandry Practice for
SheepPHILIPPINE NATIONAL
STANDARDPNS/BAFS
ICS
BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE A ND FISHERIES STANDARDS
BPI Compound Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines
Phone (632) 920 -6131; (632) 455 -2856; (632) 467 -9039; Telefax (632) 455 -2858
E-mail: bafpsda@yahoo.com.ph
Website: www.bafps.da.gov.ph
Draft copy onlyDRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
Code ofGood Animal Husbandry Practice for Sheep
2Formatted: Right,Tabstops:Notat6.88"
Foreword
This Philippine National Standard on Code of Good Animal Husbandry Practices for Sheep
was developed by the Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards in collabor ation with a
multi-stakeholder Technical Working Group created as per Department of Agriculture Spec ial
Order No. 146 series of 2016 .
The objective of this PNS was to revisethe generic, multi -species PNS 60:2008 Code of Good
Animal Husbandry Practices (GAHP)to species -specific GAHP in consideration of the
directional thrust of the ASEAN towards species -specific GAHP. This revision is in accordance
with the BAFS mission to ensureharmonization of local standards with that of international
and regional sta ndards.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
Code ofGood Animal Husbandry Practice for Sheep
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1Scope
This code sets out the general principle and good practice and minimum requirements in the
rearing of sheep for food use. Industry specific requirements for sheep production system
may be developed provided that it satisfies the minimu m requirements set out in this Code.
2References
The titles of the standard publications and other references of this Code are listed on the
inside back cover.
3Objective
The purpose of this Code is to ensure that the farming practices of the establish ment provide
greater confidence in consumers’ expectations that the final products are safe and fit for
human consumption, while ensuring health safety and comfort to both the farm workers and
animals, without any degradation to the environment.
4Definition of terms
For the purpose of this Code, the definitions specified in the documents of the Codex
Alimentarius shall apply. Other relevant definitions are as follows:
4.1abnormal behavior
any behavioral change developed as a response to poor or wrong m anagement practice
causing stress to the animal
4.2animal
refers to sheep  conventionally raised or reared for food and non -food (e.g. animal by -
products such as wool, leather, etc.) purposes
4.3authorized
that which has been permitted by the compete nt authority
4.4competent  authority
an entity/agency who has the knowledge, expertise and authority as designated by law
4.5dam
female animal used for breeding and having given birth at least once
4.6      establishment
given due permission , a firm authorized to operate by the competent authority
4.7farm owner/operator
legal entity who is knowledgeable and responsible for the management and general operation
of the  farm; the term maybe used interchangeablyDRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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4.8farm technician
a trained personnel , certified by the competent authority, who is technically skilled and
knowledgeable in the various aspects of dairy operation
4.9farm worker
trained personnel directly responsible for the rearing of animals
4.10feeds
any single o r multiple materials, whether processed, semi -processed or raw, which is
intended to be fed directly to domesticated animals to meet the nutrient requirements in
order to maintain life, promote growth, production and reproduction
4.11forage
plants grow n for grazing, cut -and-carry, ensiling or haying.
4.12gait
way of walking or pace of the animals
4.13ration
total amount of feed given for one day
4.14rearing/farming
the act of raising of animals
4.15vehicle
any means of transportin g animals, including but not limited to trucks, tractors, trailers,
trains, ferries, ships and aircrafts
4.16weaning
a process of complete withdrawal from the dam and of milk feeding
5         Minimum requirements
5.1        General Skil ls and Responsibilities
5.1.1Farm operators and workers
a.The farm owner/operator should provide training to farm workers on the necessary
knowledge and skills about basic procedures of farm management including the correct
handling of animal, routin e management practices and usage of farm tools or
equipment.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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b.The farm operator/worker should be responsible for the welfare of the animals by
giving adequate provisions so that they are able to perform at their optimum levels.
c.The farm operator/own er should provide farm workers with appropriate attire and
footwear for protective measures
d.Appropriate working uniform/attire and footwear should be provided to visitors who
need to be at the production area.
e.In cases of housed staff, the farm o wner/operator should provide adequate and modest
accommodation for the workers.
f.The farm operator/worker should always promote a safe and healthy working
condition in the farm. Accident and emergency procedures should be available with
clear instructi ons for all workers. First aid kits ,fire extinguishers , and information on
hotline numbers should be easily available at all times, and placed conspicuously in
strategic locations.
g.The owner/operator should ensure that all farm operators and farm work ers undergo
annual routine health check -up/medical examination.
h.The farm operator should report immediately or within 24 hours to relevant
authorities any incidence of abnormal behavioral changes, health conditions and
mortalities in the farm or any ch aracteristic of a disease outbreak (Hemorrhagic
Septicemia , etc).
5.1.1.1 Legal Responsibilities of the Farm Operator/Owner
a.The farm owner should conform to existing animal farming legislation. This covers , but
is not limited to, the management of envir onment issues, farm location, animal welfare
requirements, disease control and reporting ,carcass disposal, production of
wholesome food and occupational hazardsassociated with animal farming.
b.The farm operator should conform to existing labor legisla tion.
5.1.2Farm technicians and workers
5.1.2.1 The farm workers should not cause cruelty to animals, in accordance with the
Animal Welfare Act (Republic Act 8485) and the amended Animal Welfare Act (RA
10631):
a.Maltreatment of animals under his/her car e and attention.
b.Neglect of animal, such that it experiences pain, suffering or distress.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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c.Failure to implement the proper feeding program to maintain the live weight of the
animal within the normal physiological range for the species type, age and sex.
d.Removal of any part of the anatomy without adequate anesthesia, whenever
applicable.
e.Putting to sleep (euthanasia), confine, handle or transport any animal in a manner
causing deliberate pain, suffering or distress.
f.Keeping an animal alive, especially th at which is pronounced physically or
physiologically incapacitated, unless it is under the direct care of a licensed and
registered veterinarian.
5.1.2.2 The farm technicians and workers should not neglect animals according to the
following criteria;
a.Freedom from hunger and thirst and malnutrition. Feed withdrawal of animals should
not be more than eight een(18) hours before slaughter;
b.Freedom from physical discomfort and pain;
c.Freedom from injury and disease;
d.With due consideration to the differences in the production system (confined and free -
range/grazing), animals should be given enough freedom to conform to essential
behavior patterns; and
e.Freedom from fear and distress.
5.2Farm Location
5.2.1Site Selection
The farm should:
a.Be strategically located within the approved land use plan of the local government and
should be compliant with the DENR regulations and other regulations as prescribed by
law (e.g,  Laguna Lake Development Authority).
b.Have a continuous supply of adequate power, potable water and good access road.
c.Not be prone to flooding. Perimeter canals that drain to a closed lagoon may be
constructed to prevent runoff from contaminating bodies of water and/or adjacent
farms.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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d.Be accessible to major facilities of production (i.e. feed mill, water system, forage area).
e.With exception for those practicing integrated farming with their own post -harvest
facilities, the farm should not be near service/public slaughterhouses.*
*Existing farms should have full control of the risks and ensu re that there are
mitigation measures in place.
5.2.2Site history
Ifthere areavailabledata/informationfromrelevantgovernmentagenciesor organizations
onthepriorlanduse,thenitshouldbeusedtoestablishthatthesiteisnota possiblesource
of physical,chemical,microbiological, and other hazards.However,whenthesedataare
notavailable anduncertaintyexistsastothesuitabilityofthelandforagriculturaluse,itis
recommendedtohavethesoiland water source analyzedforcontamination.
5.3Animal housing and facilities
Farm owners/operators when building animal housing facilities may also refer to the
Standards on Animal Housing established by competent authorities.
5.3.1Housing
a.The farm building should be designed and constr ucted appropriately for the intended
purpose, should provide proper ventilation and should be well maintained.
b.The building intended for keeping animals should be constructed in the orientation
that minimizes the adverse effects on animal performance and eliminates possible
hazards to its surroundings.
c.The building should be designed and constructed using materials that:
should not cause any injury or impart hazard to the welfare of the animal;
provide comfort;
can be easily cleaned and disinfected;
canbe easily replaced when damaged;
create efficient stock management; and
enhance biosecurity.
d.Painting materials used for the building and facilities should not be hazardous to the
animals.
e.There should be an effective drainage system in place at the buil ding.
f.Animals should be provided with sufficient floor space/size suitable for their age, body
weight and size to allow animals to feed and drink comfortably.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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g.The feeding and drinking equipment and facilities should conform with the
standards/requirement s for each species and should be constructed and
conspicuously placed such that:
animals  are able to eat and drink freely, allowing them to behave normally; and
contamination with animal feces and urine is prevented.
h.Pens and pathways should:
be designed and constructed to prevent animals from escaping;
be free from protruding objects or structures (e.g. nails and bolts) that may
cause injury to the animals and farm operators and farm workers.
s
i.Housing design (particularly roof height and sides) shou ld provide proper ventilation
(whether natural of artificial) to maintain a comfortable environment.
j.Animal buildings should have adequate lighting to ensure that animals can be
thoroughly inspected as required.
k.Electrical installations and wirings shoul d be protected and should not be accessible to
the animals.
l.Floors and pathway used by the animals should be elevated and made from non -
slippery materials, safe, stable and well -lighted to prevent injury or abnormal gait to
the animals.
m.The design of all eys and chutes should allow effective management of the animals
Floors of alleys and chutes should be properly built to provide good footing,
preventing slippage and injuries.
Alleys and chutes should have sides of sufficient height to prevent animals from
jumping off or falling.
n.The farm should provide effective and appropriate facilities to restrain or handle
animals without causing undue stress and injury to both animals and farm workers.
o.The premises should be kept clean at all times to prevent diseas e occurrence,
establishment of breeding ground for pests and preventenvironmental degradation.
5.3.2Facilities
5.3.2.1 Holding yard
a.Sufficientpensandfloorspaceshouldbeprovidedtopreventovercrowdingand
permit necessa rysegregationofanimals.
b.Penfloorsshouldberough finished for cemented flooring, grass finished or sandy
flooring andwell-drainedtoprovidegoodfootingand preventslippingortripping.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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c.The holdingyard should beconstructedinsuchawaythatitwilladequatelyprotect
the animalsfrom adverseweather cond itionsandwillprovidesufficientventilation.
d.Theholdingyardshouldhaveproperfacilitiesfor animalstofeedanddrink.
5.3.2.2 Pasture area and Paddocks
Provide enough space for grazing and practice rotational grazing, i.e., the herd is moved
pasture after one pasture lot has been grazed for sometime. This will keep the pasture from
being over grazed and polluted or heavily infested by parasites.
5.3.2.3 Storage facilities
a.Feeds and forage materials,machiner y and equipment and chemicals mustbe properly
stored, with accompanying signages or labels .
b.Thestoragefacilities shouldbekept cleanatalltimes.
c.The storage should have adequate ventilation, adequate protection from moisture to
prevent acquisition of molds, and should be vermin -proof.
d.Effective stock rotation should be practiced, i.e. “First in–first out” rule.
5.3.2.4 Breeding facilities
Thebreedingfacilityandequipmentshouldbeproperlydesignedtoprovidetheanimalsa
comfortableandconduciveenvironmentforreproduction.
5.3.2.5 Isolation area
There should be a separate area intended for sick, injured and disabled animals which require
necessary veterinary attention.
5.3.2.6 Condemnation/Disposal Facility
There should be a separa te area for disposal of mortalities that is enclosed and isolated, and
should conform to existing environmental waste management regulations.
5.3.2.7 Fencing
a.Thefence,includingitspostsandgates,shouldbeeffectivelydesignedtoprevent
entryofstrayanimals,andescapeorinjuryofthefarm animals.
b.Ifelectricfenceisused, itshouldbeoperatedaspermanufacturer’sinstructions.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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5.4 Farm Management
5.4.1Animal sourcing, identification and traceability
a.Animal identification shouldberoutinely done (ear tagging and other forms of
identification that are compliant with animal welfare regulations) andtherecordsof
identificationforthe animalsshouldbekeptproperly.
b.Iftheestablishmentimportsanimals, updated recordsofpertinent documentsshould
bekept.
c.The farm operator/ owner should record all movement of animals in and out of the
farm. This includes updated records of veterinary protocols as prescribed by the
concerned authority.
5.4.2Feeds and Nutrition
The farm operator /ownershould:
a.Ensure that animals are provided with optimum level of nutrition at all times, as
required for their respective functions and well -being.
b.Provide animals with adequate and continuous access to clean and safe water.
c.Provide the animals with safe , clean, and adequate rations or feeding materials
(grasses, legumes and concentrates) suited for sheep.
d.Provide animals with commercial feed that has been officially registered with the
Animal Feeds, Veterinary Drugs and Biologicals Control Division (AFV DBCD) of the
Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI).
e.In case of farm -mixed feed formulation, farm operators should only use ingredients
from authorized and traceable suppliers. Updated r ecords of purchases should be
kept.
f.Not use banned chemicals, feed additi ves, supplements and any form of medication in
the diet of  the animals, including those disallowed by the authorities o fimporting
countries.
g.In cases of medicated feeds, the farm operator/owner should strictly follow
instructions  of  medication,  payi ng  special  attention  to  the  withdrawal period of
each specific drug being administered before the animals are sent to market.
h.The feed mixing equipment should be kept clean at all times and have regular
preventive maintenance schedule.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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i.The farm oper ator should provide a daily feeding schedule or routine.
j.Procurement documents of feed concentrates should be kept and updated properly to
include:
supplier or source of feed concentrate and its registration number;
type of feed and supplements;
quantity;
declaration of ingredients;
document of feed analysis;
date of delivery; and
date of manufacturing and batch number
k.The farm operator should record the type and quantity of ration being fed to the
animals.
5.4.3Animal health management
a.The farm opera tor should be responsible for maintaining good health of the animals at
all times, through proper management practices that include prevention, treatment and
disease control and containment measures of the disease affecting the animals.
b.There must be a wr itten animal health program in place that is updated regularly and
supervised by a licensed veterinarian, in accordance with the requirements of the
competent authorities.
c.The health status of the animals in the farm should be monitored and recorded
regularly by the farm, and veterinary assessment of the establishment should be
carried out annually by a licensed veterinarian and/or by a competent authority.
d.The vaccination program should be adopted against the diseases as required by
competent authorities .
e.Drugs, medicines, and vaccines should be administered by a licensed veterinarian or
trained personnel under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian.
f.Drugs or medicines should only be used for prophylactic and treatment reasons
g.The use of illegal an d banned medication and vaccines should be prohibited (use
vaccines accredited by BAI; the same with controlled drugs.)
h.Drugs, medicines, and vaccines  should be stored and identified properly; proper
disposal of these items should be followed to prevent contamination to the
environment.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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i.The farm operator should keep and maintain complete records of farm operations,
management routines, and animal health records like disease monitoring and
medication. These records should be easily retrievable.
j.Recordsinclude, but are not limited to, the following:
Vaccination program;
Deworming;
Disease condition;
Diagnosis;
Intervention or treatment done;
Control measures;
Post-mortem findings;
Surveillance; and
Disposal.
k.The farm should maintain updated records of medicine purchase and administration
that should be readily available for inspection.
l.The procurement records should have:
Date of purchase;
Name of the product (generic compound);
Quantity purchased;
Batch number;
Expiry date; and
Name of supplier.
m.Administration records should consist of the following:
Type of drugs or medication used;
Batch number;
Quantity of medicine used;
Date administered;
Route of administration;
Identification of animals/group treated;
Number of animals treated;
Date of completi on of treatment;
Withdrawal period; and
Name of the person who administered the medicine.
5.4.4Breeding, lactation and weaningDRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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a.Only sexually mature animals of appropriate age and weight, and free from any disease
or probable inherited abnormality should be bred.
b.Innaturalmating,appropriateratioofmaletofemaleanimalsshouldbepracticed.
c.Onlytrained personnel shou ldperformassisted breedingtechniquesontheanimals
d.Thelambsshouldbeweanedonlyatarecommendedbodyweightandage.
e.Weaningshouldbeconductedwithminimum stresstoboththedamanditsyoung.
f.Thefarm operator/owner shou ldprovidethebasicfacilitiesforthenewlyweaned
animals.
g.Thefarm operator/owner s houldmaintain updated individual animal records that
contain thei r lactation, breeding and reproductive performance.
h.Breeding programs and activities should beproperlyrecorded,maintained,monitored
andevaluated.
5.4.5Other management practices
The farm personnel, when performing the management practices listed b elow, should use the
appropriate tools and equipment, observe proper procedure (including provisions for
restraint and pain management), and should keep records of such activities:
a.Hoof trimming
b.Disbudding/dehorning
c.Castration
d.Shearing
e.Other routine manag ement practices
5.4.6Animal welfare management
a.Proper techniques should be applied to handle and restrain animals.
b.Animals should always be handled and restrained in such a way to protect them from
fear, stress, pain and injury.
c.Appropriate facilities , equipment, and tools should be used for effective animal
handling and restraint, in order to minimize stress and injury against animals.
d.Tools should functional to ensure efficient application on animals.
e.The operators should acquire the skills and tech niques to use the tools properly.
f.Sick, injured or disabled animals should be separated form healthy animals and should
be given the necessary veterinary attention.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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g.Sticks or canes  should not be used to restrain the farm animals.
5.4.7Animal Transport ation
In accordance with the Animal Welfare Act, the following measures should be observed
during the transport of animals:
a.Minimize soiling and cross -contamination with fecal material;
b.Carry records to include animal identification and place of origin;
c.Avoid undue stress and/or risk from injury during loading, transport and unloading;
d.Separate each animals whenever necessary to avoid injury during transport;
e.Whenever necessary, underloaded vehicles should contain partitions to avoid injury of
animals during transport;
f.If the transport vehicle has more than one deck, animals should be protected from
cross-contamination;
g.Maintain adequate ventilation of the animals;
h.Clean and sanitize transport vehicles and crates as soon asthe animals have been
unloaded.
i.To mitigate the abrupt changes in weather condition, fit the transport vehicle with
supplies for, but not limited to containers with water, truck blanket or cover, and other
tools to include water hose, sprinklers, pail, and shovel, whichever is n eeded.
j.Provide transport vehicles with loading ramp, if necessary, and supplies necessary for
emergencies such as tools, spare tires, etc.;
k.Transport vehicles should be registered with the Animal Health and Welfare Division
of the Bureau of Animal Indust ry.
5.4.8Biosecurity measures
a.The farm should have a written protocol of biosecurity measures. Proper warning
signage should be provided
b.Biosecurity procedures should be well implemented and continuously monitored to
prevent introduction of disease int o the farm and/or to control its spread within the
farm.
c.The biosecurity measures should take into consideration the relevant diseases
identified by local regulations/authority.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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d.The farm should have the appropriate and functional lay -out and infrastructu re to
ensure effective implementation of the biosecurity measures. These should include
facilities for disinfection , with appropriate concentration of disinfectant, at entry ( e.g.
wheel bath or spraying , shower for visitors, handwashing facility, etc. )/exit point of the
farm and the building (footbath).
e.All incoming animals should undergo the appropriate quarantine measures.
f.Farm visitors and workers should undergo the appropriate quarantine measures.
g.Stray animals should not be allowed within the premis es.Sentinel animals, when used,
should be properly restrained/contained.
h.Imported animal by -products should be accompanied by official documentation from
the competent authority.
5.4.9Farm Sanitation Program and Environmental Management
a.Farmpremisesshouldbekeptcleanandfreeofpotentialconditionsconduciveto
breedingofpests,animal parasitesanddiseaseoutbreak.Thisistoavoid
preventeffectsonthelandscape, environment andanimalwelfare.
b.Organicmaterialsshouldberegularlyremovedfromalllivestockcontactsurfaces(i.e.
floors,penpartitions).Wherebeddingisused,itshouldberegularly replaced.
c.Thefarm shouldhaveaproper and functionaldrainagesystem towards a water
treatment facility .Solid and liquid waste should be ma naged and disposed according
to existing relevant guidelines imposed by competent authorities.
d.Thefarmshouldhaveproperhandlingand disposalsystemforsick,injuredanddead
animals, and should be in accordance to existing regulations of the authorit y.
e.The farm should have a written sanitation program that includes integrated pest
management.
f.The farm operator /ownershould take necessary measures to ensure that activities
related to sheep farming do not contribute to the degradation of the environm ent (i.e.
land, water, air) and cause destruction to bio -diversity.
g.The farm operator /owner should maintain and display clear instructions on
procedure for disposal of farm solid wastes and farm chemical wastes (e.g. expired
pesticide/weedicide and contai ners, paint, etc.)DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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h.The farm operator /owner should  be  familiar  with  the  proper  procedure for
disposal  and schedule of actions to be taken, especially at times of emergency.
i.Measures should be in place to keep noise from barns to acceptable levels , particularly
if the farm is located close to urban centers.
j.The farm should regularly monitor the air quality inside the building and maintain it at
acceptable levels.
k.The farm should take appropriate measures to minimize excessive odor coming from
thefarmespecially those which may be associated with waste decomposition.
5.6Review and Evaluation of Practices
5.6.1Practices should be checked for compliance and evaluation for effectiveness and do -
ability on a regular basis.
5.6.2In cases where provisions are no longer applicable, it should be amended.DRAFT PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS ____________
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References
PNS/BAFPS 60:2008. Code of Good Animal Husbandry Practices. Department of Agriculture.
Philippines.
PNS/BAFS 163: 2015. Animal Feed Ingredients.  Department of Agriculture. Philippines.
PNS/BAFS 164:2015. Code of Slaughtering Practices for Goats. Department of Agriculture.
Philippines.
Guide to Good Farming Practices for Animal Production Food Safety. 2009. Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Organization for Animal Health.
Rome.
Food Safety Module -Good Animal Husbandry Practices for Layers and Broilers in ASEAN
Countries. 2015. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Jakarta, Indonesia.
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