DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEW FINAL DRAFT UGANDA 
STANDARD  
  FDUS EAS 360 
First  Edition  
2015-mm-dd 
 
 Reference number  
FDUS EAS 360: 2004 
© UNBS 201 5 
  
Pneumatic tyres for agricultural implements  — Specification  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWFDUS EAS 360:20 04 
ii                © UNBS  2015 - All rights reserved 
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2015 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written 
permission from UNBS. 
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to 
The Executive Director 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
P.O. Box 6329 
Kampala 
Uganda 
Tel: 256 41 505 995 
Fax: 256 41 286 123 
E-mail: unbs@infocom.co.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWFDUS EAS 360:20 04 
© UNBS  2015 - All rights reserved                iii National foreword 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade, Industry and 
Cooperatives established under Cap 327, of the Laws of Uganda, as amended.  UNBS is mandated to co-
ordinate the elaboration of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT Agreement of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). 
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of representatives of 
consumers, traders, academicians, manufacturers, government and other stakeholders. 
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
This Final Draft Uganda Standard, FDUS EAS 3 60: 2004 , Pneumatic tyres for agricultural implements  — 
Specification , is identi cal with  and has been reproduced from an East African  Standard , EAS 360: 2004 , 
Pneumatic tyres for agricultural implements  — Specification , and is being proposed for adoption  as a Uganda 
Standard.  
This standard cancels and replaces US 516:2004, Specification for new pneumatic tyres — Agricultural 
implements . 
This Uganda Standard, FDUS EAS 3 60: 2004 , has been developed by the Transport and communication 
standards Technical Committee (UNBS/TC 8).  
Wherever the words, “ East African Standard" appear, they should be replaced by "Uganda Standard." 
 
  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004 
ICS 83.160.30 
HS 4011.61.00 
HS 4011.92.00 
© EAC 2004                                                                                                      First Edition20 04 
 
 
  
 
EAST AFRICAN STANDARD 
 
Pneumatic tyres for agricult ural implements — Specification 
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
ii                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  
Foreword 
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonising 
requirements governing quality of products and serv ices in East Africa. It is envisaged that through 
harmonised standardisation, trade barriers which are encountered when goods and services are 
exchanged within the Community will be removed.  
 
In order to achieve this objective, the Partner States in the Community through their National Bureaux of Standards, have established an East African Standards Committee.  
The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, 
together with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organisations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner 
States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalisation of standards, in 
accordance with the procedures of the Community.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the 
East African Standards are therefore expected to ensu re that they always have the latest versions of 
the standards they are implementing.  
 
© East African Community 2004 — All rights reserved
* 
East African Community  
P O Box 1096  Arusha 
 
Tanzania  Tel: 255 27 2504253/8 
Fax: 255-27-2504481/2504255 
E-Mail: eac@eachq.org 
Web: www.each.int  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
                                                 
* © 2004 EAC — All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for EAC Partner States’ NSBs.  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                ii i  
Introduction 
 
This East African Standard has been prepared to gi ve the necessary specifications and requirements 
of inspection and test of pneumatic tyres for agricultural implements for use in Kenya, Uganda and 
Tanzania (hereafter considered as the region). 
 It provides important conditions that must be met so as to enhance road safety in the region. 
 
In reporting the results of a test made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with EAS 124.  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
iv                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved   
Contents 
 
1 Scope........................................................................................................................ ................. 1 
2 Application .................................................................................................................. ................. 1 
3 Normative references......................................................................................................... .......... 1 
4 Terminologies and definitions ................................................................................................ ...... 1 
5 General requirement.......................................................................................................... .......... 8 
6 Marking and designation...................................................................................................... ........ 9 
7 Calculation of tyre dimensions ............................................................................................... .... 17 
8 Test requirements............................................................................................................ .......... 20 
9 Tyre sampling ................................................................................................................ ............ 23 
10 Non conforming tyres ........................................................................................................ ....... 23 
11 Disposal of non-conforming tyres ............................................................................................ .2 3  
12 Certification ............................................................................................................... ............... 24 
Bibliography ................................................................................................................... .................... 25 
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEW                                                                                 
EAST AFRICAN STANDARD                                        EAS 360:2004 
                                                                                                                                     
 
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                  1  
 Pneumatic tyres for agricult ural implements — Specification  
 
  
1 Scope 
 
This East African Standard specifies tyre dimensions, designation and marking requirements and load 
ratings. It also gives laboratory test equipments for strength for tyres primarily intended for agricultural 
implements.  
All tyres however shall be subjected to visual inspection to ensure good workmanship. 
 It includes the physical dimensions test for assessing the capability of the tyre, with respect to size 
and specified rims. The test methods presented in this East African Standard applies to all agricultural 
implement tyres.  
 This East African Standard also specifies sa mpling methods, certification and disposal of 
nonconforming tyres.  
2 Application 
 This East African Standard applies to all pneumatic agricultural tyres with both "tube type and tubeless" of radial and bias constructions.  It does not apply to any tyre that has been reconditioned or 
altered so as to render it impossible for use or repaired for use as part of motor vehicle equipment. 
 For the purpose of this Standard, agricultural tyre is considered to be a tyre for commercial and heavy 
duty vehicles with carrying capacity  of  over 5 tons, ply rating from 10 and above, rim size from 16" - 
40" and Load Index from 81 — 190.  
3 Normative references 
 
The following referenced documents are indispensable in the implementation of this standard. 
 
ISO 7867-1, Tyres and rims for Agricultural tractors and machines — Part 1: Tyres designation, 
dimension, marking and tyre/rim coordination  
 ISO 7867-2, Tyres and rims for Agricultural tractors and machines — Part 2: Service description 
 
ISO 4251-1, Tyres (Ply rating marked series) and rims for agricultural tractors and machines — Part 
1: Tyres designation and dimensions approved rim contours. 
 
ISO 4251-2, Tyres (Ply rating marked series) and rims for agricultural tractors and machines — Part 
2: Tyre load ratings. 
 
EAS 124, Rounding off numerical values  
 
4 Terminologies and definitions  
For the purposes of this East African Standa rd, the following definitions shall apply.  
 
4.1. 
approved rim contour 
an Approved Rim Contour agreed by ETRTO/TRA/JATMA  members, for use with a specific Tyre Size 
Designation.  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
2                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  
4.2. 
bead  
that part of the tyre, which is shaped to fit the rim. It has a core made of one or several essentially inextensible strands with the plies wrapped around the core.   4.3.  
bead flange and bead seat  
the parts of the rim which support the tyre.  
 
4.4 bead separation 
 
Breakdown of bond between components in the bead area.  
 
4.5 . 
belt or bracing ply - radial tyre  
a layer of material underneath the tread, laid substantially in the direction of the tread center-line, that 
restricts the carcass in a circumferential direction.   
4.6. 
bias belted tyre  
a pneumatic tyre structure of bias ply (diagonal) type the carcass being restricted by a substantially 
inextensible circumferential belt - construction code "B".  
 4.7. 
bias ply tyre 
a pneumatic tyre in which the ply cords that extend from the beads and are laid at alternate angles 
substantially less than 90
o to the centerline of tread - construction code "B".  
 
4.8. 
breaker – diagonal tyre  
an intermediate ply between carcass and tread centerline of the tread.  
4.9  
carcass 
the rubber-bonded cord structure of a tyre integral with the bead, which contains the inflation 
pressure.  4.10  chunking 
breaking away of pieces of the thread.  
 
4.11  
cord  
textile or non-textile strands (threads) used in various components of the tyre carcass, plies, belt, 
breakers, etc.   4.12. 
cord separation cord parting from adjacent rubber compounds.  
 
4.13  
cracking 
any parting within the tread, sidewall or inner lin er of the tyre extending to cord material.  
 
4.14  
cyclic  
service Condition marked on earthmoving equipment tyres in 'transport and/or loading'.  
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                3 4.15  
design tyre dimension 
the figures or values used for tyre design purposes.  
 4.16 
diagonal (or bias ply) tyre  
describes a pneumatic tyre structure in which the ply cords extend to the beads and are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90
o to the centerline of the tread  -construction  code "D" or "-".  
 4.17 
groove 
the space between two adjacent tread ribs.  
 
4.18 
grown tyre  
a tyre which has undergone expansion due to use in service.  
 
4.19 
gutter  
the groove in the rim base in which the rim parts, such as the spring lock ring or detachable spring 
flange, fit and are retained by the gutter tip.   
4.20  
implement  
tyres designed primarily for agricultural machines or implements (vehicles in category S) or for 
agricultural trailers (vehicles in category R). However they may also equip either front steering wheels 
and drive wheels of agricultural and forestry tractors (vehicles in category S). They are not suitable for sustained high torque service.  
 
4.21  
innerliner  
the layers forming the inside surface of a tubeless tyre that contains the inflating medium within the 
tyre. 
 
4.22  
innerliner separation  
parting of inner liner from cord material in the carcass.  
 
4.23  
inflation pressure  
the pressure taken with the tyre at ambient temperature and does not include any  pressure build up 
due to tyre usage.  
 
4.24  
load capacity  
the maximum load a tyre is permitted to carry under specified operating conditions.  
 
4.25  
load index  
a numerical code associated with the maximum load a tyre can carry at the speed indicated by its 
Speed Symbol under service conditions specified by the tyre manufacturer.  
 
4.26  
ply rating   
an index of casing strength, not necessarily representing number of cord plies in a tyre.  
 
4.27  
maximum overall (grown) diameter in service (dc.)  
the maximum overall diameter plus manufacturing tolerances and tolerances for service growth. 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
4                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved 4.28 
maximum tyre dimensions in service  
inflated tyre dimensions including permanent growth in service.  
 
4.29 
maximum load rating  
maximum load that the tyre is rated to carry in single formation at the reference speed.   
4.30 
maximum permissible inflation pressure  
maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tyre may be inflated. It does not include build up due to 
tyre usage. 
 
4.31 
measuring rim  
the rim specified by the relevant sub - committee for the measurement of the tyre.  
 
4.32 
measuring rim width  
linear distance between the rim flanges of the measuring rim.  
 4.33  
moped (or cyclomoteur or ciclomotore) 
motorcycle tyres designed for motorcycles having a speed capability less than or 50 km/h.  
 
4.34 
new tyre  
a tyre which has neither been used nor subjected to a retreading operation.  
 
4.35 
nominal aspect ratio  
one hundred times the ratio of the section height to the section width of the tyre on its theoretical rim.  
 
4.36. 
Nominal Aspect Ratio Design 
one hundred times the ratio of the Design Section Height to the Nominal Section Width (h/s). For 
some existing code designated series the value shown is only approximate.   4.37  
nominal rim diameter  
the nominal rim diameter is a size code figure for reference purposes only, as indicated in the tyre and 
rim size designation.  
 
4.38  
nominal section width 
the section width of an inflated tyre mounted on its theoretical rim and indicated in the tyre size 
designation.  
 
4.39  
not for highway use (nhs)  
motorcycle tyres designed for off- the-road applications. They must not be used on the public 
highway.   
4.40  
open splice   
any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall or inner liner that extends to cord material.  
 
4.41 
overall diameter 
the diameter of an inflated tyre at the outermost surface of the tread.  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                5  
4.42  
overall width  
the linear distance between the outsides of the sidewalls of an inflated tyre including elevations due to labeling (markings), decorations, and protective bands or ribs.   4.43  
ply 
a layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.  
 
4.44  
ply separation 
parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies.  
 
4.45  
ply rating  index of tyre strength often designated as PR.  
 4.46  
pneumatic tyre 
a mechanical device made out of rubber, chemical s, fabric, and steel or other materials, which when 
mounted on an automotive wheel, provides traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the total 
load. 
 
4.47  
radial ply tyre  
a pneumatic tyre in which the ply cords extend to the beads and are laid  
substantially at 90 degrees to the centerline  of the tread. 
 
4.48  
regroovable  
commercial vehicle tyres designed with sufficient under tread to allow a subsequent re-grooving of the 
original tread pattern.  
 
4.49   
reinforced (or reinf)  
passenger car tyres and/or motor- cycle tyres designed for loads and inflation pressures higher than the Standard version.   4.50  
retreaded tyre  
a tyre to which a new tread has been applied to extend the useful life of the tyre.  
 
4.51  
rim 
that part of the wheel on which the tyre or tyres and tube assembly is mounted and supported.  
 
4.52. 
rim width  
the linear distance between the flanges of the rim.  
 
4.53 
road  
service description marked on radial construction earthmoving equipment tyres in highway service.  
 4.54 
section height  
Half the difference between the overall diameter and the nominal rim diameter.  
  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
6                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved 4.55  
section width   
the linear distance between the outsides of the sidewalls of an inflated tyre excluding elevations due 
to labeling (markings), decorations, or protective bands or ribs. 
  
4.56  
service description  
in addition to the Tyre Size Designation a tyre may be identified by a Service Description consisting of 
a load index (or two Load Indices in the case of single/ dual fitments) and a speed symbol.  
 
4.57 
sidewall 
the part of a pneumatic tyre between the tread and the bead.  
 
4.58  
sidewall rubber  
the rubber layer on the sidewall of the tyre and over the carcass, which may include ornamental or 
protective ribs and fitting lines.   
4.59  
sidewall separation 
parting of the rubber compound from the cord material  in the sidewall.  
 
4.60 
size factor the sum of the section width and the outer diam eter of a tyre determined on the test rim.  
 4.61  
special tread tyre (et)  
tyre whose tread pattern is primarily designed to provide satisfactory performance under special 
service conditions (e.g. mixed, use, on and off-road, city bus, etc.).  
 
4.62  
specified rim diameter the diameter at the intersection of the planes of  the rim bead seat and the rim flange depending on the 
rim design, it can be either smaller or larger than the nominal rim diameter.  
 
4.63  
speed category  
a code indicating tyre speed capabilities.  
 
4.64  
solid  
rubber solid tyres for pneumatic tyre rims.  
 
4.65  
temporary use only  
passenger car tyres intended for temporary use as a spare in one position only.  
 4.66  
test rim 
any rim on which the tyre may be fitted that conforms to the dimensions of the recommended rims for 
the particular tyre designation and type.   4.67  
test drum speed  
peripheral speed of the test drum.   
  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                7 4.68  
tread rib 
a tread section that runs circumferentially around the tyre. 
 
4.69  
tread separation 
pulling away of the tread from the tyre carcass.  
 
4.70  
theoretical rim   
a rim having a width of specified ratio to the nominal section width.  
 
4.71  
tread   
the part of a pneumatic tyre which normally comes in contact with the ground / road. 
  
4.72  
tubeless  
tyres specifically designed for fitment without an inner tube on appropriate rims.  
 
4.73  
tyre measurement  
measurements taken on the unloaded tyre mounted on its measuring rim at the recommended 
inflation pressure and conditioning.  
4.74  
valve aperture  
the hole or slot in the rim which accommodates the valve for tyre inflation. 
 
4.75  
wheel  
a rotating load carrying member between the tyre and the axle, usually consisting of two major parts, 
the rim and the wheel center.  
 
4.76   
well 
that part of the rim so located with sufficient depth and width to enable the beads to be mounted and dismounted over the mounting side rim flange or bead seat taper.  
 
Tyre codes used in tyre industries 
 
4.77   
C 
commercial vehicle tyres for service on light duty vehicles.  
 
4.78   
CT 
special design passenger car tyres suitable for fitment on CT rim only.  
4.79.DP Tyres specifically designed for mud and snow (Winter). MS, M&S, M.S and M-S or M+S are 
also used.  
 
4.80   
Extra Load (OR XL) 
passenger car tyres and/or motor- cycle tyres designed for loads and inflation pressures higher than 
the Standard version.  
 
4.81     
S 
tyre intended for temporary use as spare (no more than one in use at a time)  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
8                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved 4.82    
T 
tyres intended for temporary use as a spare, in one position only at a time, with inflation pressures 
higher than those of Standard or Reinforced tyres.  
 
4.83    
 *  
symbols used to identify different versions load capacity/ inflation pressure of earthmoving  
equipment tyres in radial construction.  
 
4.84  
RT  
commercial vehicle tyres restricted to the equipment of non-driven axles, excluding Motor vehicle front steering axles.  
 
4.85   
IMP 
tyres designed primarily for agricultural machines or implements.  
 
4.86   
M/C 
motorcycle tyres, which are designed for, use on M/C motorcycle rims having a bead seat diameter 
which differs from that's of rims with the same designation designed for passenger car, commercial 
vehicles and agricultural applications.  
 
4.87 
M+S 
Tyres specifically designed for mud and snow (Winter). MS, M&S, M.S and M-S or DP are also used.  
 
4.88    
IND 
agricultural tyres for traction wheels for construction applications, with load capacities and inflation 
pressures which differ from those for tyres with the same size designation for use on agricultural 
tractors.  
 
4.89  
MPT  
commercial vehicle tyres for service on Multipurpose Trucks.  
 
4.90   
MST  
motorcycle tyres designed for special service having a wider tread than equivalent sizes with the same tyre size designation.  
 
4.91     
PR 
identifies different versions (load capacity/inflation pressure) of tyres having the same size 
designation.  
 
4.92    
TG (or GRADER)  
existing diagonal construction grader service tyres.  
 
5 General requirement 
 
5.1 Materials  
 
The basic component used in the tyre structure shall be of natural rubber, synthetic rubber or a 
combination thereof. 
 
5.2 Ozone resistance 
 
Each tyre shall contain sufficient anti-oxidants and anti-ozonants to provide standard commercial resistance to weathering. DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                9  
5.3 Temperature ability 
 
Each tyre shall have an inherent capability of acceptable performance in ambient air temperature 
ranging from –5 oC to 50 oC. 
 
5.4 Workmanship 
 
A Tyre covered under this standard shall show no evidence of poor workmanship or any 
imperfections. All plies, belts, bead and breakers shall be smooth and shall be free of buckles, wavy 
cord, air pockets and any other anomalies which may impair service  
5.5 Age of rubber 
 
Under this standard, 'new' tyres, which are more than 5 years from the date of manufacture, shall be 
considered non-conforming.  5.6 Quality inspection 
 
Only tyres conforming to the requirements set in this standard shall be sampled for test. 
 5.7 Dimensions labeling 
 
Nominal section width of the tyres shall be indicated in millimeters, ending with 0 or 5 such that in any 
one series of tyres with same nominal aspect ratio the values shall end with 0 or with 5. An equivalent   
marking in inches is permitted. The rim diameter shall always be indicated in inches to the nearest 0.5" 
 
6 Marking and designation 
 
Each tyre shall have permanently molded into or onto each sidewalls in letters and numbers not less 
than 2 mm deep or protruding out with the information shown below:  6.1 Size and construction  6.1.1 Each tyre shall have one size designation in metric except that equivalent inch size 
designation may be used. The characteristics shall be indicated as follows: 
 
Nominal                            Nominal            Tyre                          Nominal                                       
Section       and/or            Aspect              Construction              Rim 
Width                                Ratio                  Code                    Diameter 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
NOTE All low profile tyres (Aspect ratio of 70 and below) must have nominal aspect ratio. 
 
  
Measurig 
Rim  Overall 
Diameter   
Section Height  
 Section      
Width
Nominal Overall WidthNominal Rim 
Diameter   DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
10                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  6.1.2 Nominal section width  
 
The nominal section width of the tyre shall be indicate d in millimeters, ending either in 0 or 5, so that 
in any one series of tyres with the same nominal aspect ration, the value shall all end with 0 or end 
with 5.  An equivalent marking in inch is permitted  
For sizes mounted on 5
o tapered (code-designated) rims, the nominal section width shall end with 5. 
 
6.1.3 Nominal aspect ratio  
 
The nominal aspect ratio (H/S - 100 times the ration of  the section height to the section width of the 
tyre on its theoretical rim) shall be expressed as a percentage and shall be a multiple of 5. 
 
NOTE  Theoretical rim is a rim having a width of specified ratio to the nominal section width. 
 
6.1.4 Nominal rim diameter  
 
For tyres mounted on 5o tapered rims, the rim diameter shall be expressed by a code formed with 1 or 
2 digits.  The code shall be as given in Table 1. 
 
For tyres requiring new concept rims, for safety reasons especially concerning mounting, the code number shall be equal to the nominal rim diameter expressed in an integral number of millimeters, i.e. 
formed by 3 or 4 digits. 
 
6.1.5 Rim width code  
For tyres mounted on 5
o tapered rims, the rim width shall be expressed by a code, as given in Table 2. 
For tyres requiring new concept rims, other code numbers will be established. 
 
 
  
 
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                11  Table 1 — nominal rim diameter code  Table 2 — Rim width code 
 
Nominal 
rim diameter 
code Nominal rim 
Diameter Dr 
mm  Rim width 
code Measuring rim 
width Rm 
mm 
4 101  2.50 63.5 
6 152  3.00 76.2 
8 203  3.50 88.9 
(9) 229  4.00 101.6 
10 254  4.50 114.3 
12 305  5.00 127 
(13) 330  5.50 139.7 
14 356  6.00 152.4 
(15) 381  7.00 177.8 
16 406  8.00 203.2 
(17) 432  9.00 228.6 
18 457  10.00 254 
(19) 487  11.00 279.4 
20 508  12.00 304.8 
22 559  13.00 330.2 
24 610  14.00 355.6 
26 660  15.00 381 
28 711  16.00 406.4 
30 762  18.00 457.2 
32 813  19.00 508 
34 864  21.00 533.4 
36 914  23.00 584.2 
38 965  25.00 635 
40 1016 27.00 685.8 
42 1067    
44 1118    
46 1168    
48 1219    
50 1270    
52 1321    
54 1372    
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
12                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved   
6.2 Tyre structure / construction code  
 
The tyre construction code shall be as follows: 
 
B  for bias - belted construction  
 D/ -  for diagonal/bias construction  
 
R  for radial construction  
 
6.3 Service description 
 
The following shall be labeled. 
 
6.3.1 Tubeless  — Tyres specifically designed for fitment without an inner tube on appropriate rims.  
 6.3.2 Tubetype — Tyres are intended for fitment with an appropriate inner tube.  
 
6.3.3 In case of preferred direction of ration of the tyre, an arrow shall be used to indicate the 
direction. 
 
6.3.4 Load index, speed symbol 
 
The correlation between load indices and tyre load carrying capacities shall be as given in table 3  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                13  Table 3 — Load indices (LI_ and tyre load-carrying capacities (TLCC)  
 
Load  TLCC  Load  TLCC  Load  TLCC Load  TLCC  Load  TLCC  Load  TLCC  Load  TLCC  
Index   Index   Index   Index   Index   Index   Index   
(LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  (LI)  kg  
0  46  40  140  80  450  120  1 400  160  4 500  200  14 000  240  45 000  
1  46,2  41  145  81  462  121  1 450  161  4 625  201  14 500  241  46 250  
2  47,5  42  150  82  475  122  1 500  162  4 750  202  15 000  242  47 750  
3  48,7  43  155  83  487  123  1 550  163  4 875  203  15 500  243  48 750  
4  50  44  160  84  500  124  1 600  164  5 000  204  16 000  244  50 000  
5  51,5  45  165  85  515  125  1 650  165  5 150  205  16 500  245  51 500  
6  53  46  170  86  530  126  1 700  166  5 300  206  17 000  246  53 000  
7  54,5  47  175  87  545  127  1 750  167  5 450  207  17 500  247  54 500  
8  56  48  180  88  560  128  1 800  168  5 600  208  18 000  248  56 000  
9  58  49  185  89  580  129  1 850  169  5 800  209  18 500  249  58 000  
10  60  50  190  90  600  130  1 900  170  6 000  210  19 000  250  60 000  
11  61,5  51  195  91  615  131  1 950  171  6 150  211  19 500  251  61 500  
12  63  52  200  92  630  132  2 000  172  6 300  212  20 000  252  63 000  
13  65  53  206  93  650  133  2 060  173  6 500  213  20 600  253  65 000  
14  67  54  212  94  670  134  2 120  174  6 700  214  21 200  254  67 000  
15  69  55  218  95  690  135  2 180  175  6 900  215  21 800  255  69 000  
16  71  56  224  96  710  136  2 240  176  7 100  216  22 400  256  71 000  
17  73  57  230  97  730  137  2 300  177  7 300  217  23 000  257  73 000  
18  75  58  236  98  750  138  2 360  178  7 500  218  23 600  258  75 000  
19  77,5  59  243  99  775  139  2 430  179  7 750  219  24 300  259  77 500  
20  80  60  250  100  800  140  2 500  180  8 000  220  25 000  260  80 000  
21  82,5  61  257  101  825  141  2 575  181  8 250  221  25 750  261  82 500  
22  85  62  265  102  850  142  2 650  182  8 500  222  26 500  262  85 000  
23  87,5  63  272  103  875  143  2 725  183  8 750  223  27 250  263  87 500  
24  90  64  280  104  900  144  2 800  184  9 000  224  28 000  264  90 000  
25  92,5  65  290  105  925  145  2 900  185  9 250  225  29 000  265  92 500  
26  95  66  300  106  950  146  3 000  186  9 500  226  30 000  266  95 000  
27  97,5  67  307  107  975  147  3 075  187  9 750  227  30 750  267  97 500  
28  100  68  315  108  1 000 148  3 150  188  10 000  228  31 500  268  100 000  
29  103  69  325  109  1 030 149  3 250  189  10 300  229  32 500  269  103 000  
30  106  70  335  110  1 060 150  3 350  190  10 600  230  33 500  270  106 000  
31  109  71  345  111  1 090 151  3 450  191  10 900  231  34 500  271  109 000  
32  112  72  355  112  1 120 152  3 550  192  11 200  232  35 500  272  112 000  
33  115  73  365  113  1 150 153  3 650  193  11 500  233  36 500  273  115 000  
34  118  74  375  114  1 180 154  3 750  194  11 800  234  37 500  274  118 000  
35  121  75  387  115  1 215 155  3 875  195  12 150  235  38 750  275  121 000  
36  125  76  400  116  1 250 156  4 000  196  12 500  236  40 000  276  125 000  
37  128  77  412  117  1 285 157  4 125  197  12 850  237  41 250  277  128 500  
38  132  78  425  118  1 320 158  4 250  198  13 200  238  42 500  278  132 000  
39  136  79  437  119  1 360 159  4 375  199  13 600  239  43 750  279  136 000  
 
The correlation between speed symbols and reference speeds shall be given in Table 4. 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
14                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved   
Table 4 — Speed symbol and reference speed 
 
Symbol  Speed category km/h  
A1 5 
A2 10 
A3 15 
A4 20 
A5 25 
A6 30 
A7 35 
A8 40 
B 50 
 
6.3.5 Tyre applications other than at reference speed  
For application without high and sustained torque s, including road transport, the load/speed 
relationship is given in Table 5. 
 
Table 5 — Load/speed relationship 
 
Speed 
km/h Maximum tyre load 1) tyre with speed 
symbol A2 (10 km/h reference speed Tyre with speed symbol A8
(40 km/h reference speed  
10 
15 
20 25 
30 35 
40 
45 
50 100 
94 89 84 
80 76 
73 
- -
 150 
134 
123 111 
107 
2) 
103 100 
96 91 
1) Expressed as a percentage of the basic tyre loads. 
 
2) This also applies for all field applications with high and sustained torques. 
 
The tyre manufactures concerned shall be consulted for the actual pressure to be used when applying the load/speed relationship given in Table 5. 
 
6.4 Quality symbol 
 
Each tyre shall be labeled with a recognized quality / safety mark to show that the tyre conforms to 
respective national, regional or international standard e.g. DOT, EC, KEBS, TBS etc. The tyre may also be marked with any other identification assigned to the manufacturer. DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                15   
Metric Size designated tyres  
  
     LOAD   OPTIONAL SERVICE  
     IDENTIFICATION    DESCRIPTION  
 
225   / 70  
R   
22.5    
  G   138/134 M 
 
  
    
  
  
   
Nominal  Nominal Tyre Nominal  Load Range         Speed Symbol 
Section   Aspect Construction  Rim      
Width  Ratio Code Diameter    Load Index 
         (Single/Dual) 
          
          
 
10.00   
 R   
20     
  H   146/142 L 
 
   
   
  
   
Nominal Tyre Nominal   Load           Speed Symbol 
Section  Construction Rim   Range  
Width Code Diameter     Load Index 
(Inches) "-" - Diagonal       (Single/Dual) 
 "R" -Radial       
                    
          
 
11.00   
R   
20  ML  F    
 
    
MH   F    
     
  
     
          
Nominal Tyre Nominal   Load     
Overall Construction Rim   Range    
Diameter Code Diameter       
(Inches) "-" - Diagonal  ML - Mining and logging.   
 "R" -Radial  MH - Mobile home tire.   
                    
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
16                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved   
6.5 Marking 
 
6.5.1  Tyres meeting the size and construction requirement and service description of this standard 
shall be marked on the sidewall as shown in the example below. 
 EXAMPLE 
 
A tyre having 
 
a) a size and construction of: 
 
     - nominal section width 480mm, 
 
     - nominal aspect ratio 70,  
     - radial construction 
      - nominal rim diameter code 38 
 
b) Service description of:  
     - basic load 2900kg (load index 145), 
      - reference speed 40km/h (speed symbol A8); 
 Shall be marked:  
 
480/70R38  145 A8 
 
6.5.2  The marking of the ply rating marked series of tyres consists of designations of tyre size and 
load rating, and  any additional information as shown below. 
 
6.5.2 .1 Tyre size  
 
The present size marking for the identification of tyres consist of the nominal tyre width code and nominal rim  diameter code. 
 
EXAMPLE 
 Tyre 13.6 - 28 
 Tyre 6.50 - 16 
 
For tyres of radial construction, the letter "R" replaces the dash. 
 EXAMPLE  
 Tyre 8.3 R 44 
 
For low section height tyres, the letter "L" is added to the nominal tyre width code.  
EXAMPLE 
 
Tyre 9.5 L - 15 For low section height tractor steering wheel tyres of diagonal construction, an optional marking may 
be used  in the following manner: nominal tyre width code/nominal aspect ratio … nominal rim 
diameter  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                17  EXAMPLE 
 
Tyre 9.5/85 - 15 
 
6.5.2.2  Load rating 
 
The present marking of load rating comprises the ply rating. 
 
EXAMPLE  
 
Tyre 13.6 - 28  8PR  
7 Calculation of tyre dimensions  
 
7.1 Calculation of design tyre dimensions 
 
7.1.1 Theoretical rim width (R th)  
 
SK R n th.1=        Formula (1) 
 
Rth -   Theoretical Rim Width  
 
sN -   Nominal Section Width  
 K
1  -   Ratio  
 
 
Table 6 — Coefficient for calculation of tyre dimension. 
 
    
Structure Tyre Coefficient      
 Construction       
   K1 K 2 a b c d 
Bial belted B 0.8 0.4 1.08 1.07 0.96 0.97 
Diagonal D 0.8 0.4 1.08 1.07 0.96 0.97 
Radial R 0.8 0.4 1.05 1.07 0.96 0.97 
 
No rounding is to be performed after calculation of Theoretical Rim Width.  7.1.2 Measurement of rim width (R
m)  
 
The measuring rim width Rm is the width of the st andadized rim nearest to the theoretical rim width, 
(See Table 2). 
 
7.1.3 Design section width (s)   
 
( )th m NR S R K S+ + =2     Formula (2)  
 The design tyre section width, S, is a nominal section width, SN, transferred from the theoretical rim, 
Rth, to  the measuring rim width, Rm. 
 
S -   Design Section Width (1)  
 S
N - Nominal Section Width  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
18                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  Rm -   Measuring Rim Width  
 
Rth -  Theoretical Rim Width  
 
K2 = 0.4 (See table 6) 
 7.1.4 Minimum overall section width (w
min) 
 
C S w.min=        Formula (3)  
 S - Design Section Width (1)  
 
C - Coefficient for the tyre category. (See table 6)  
 
7.1.5 Design section height (H)  
 
100N HHSN. =         Formula (4) 
 
H - Design Section Height (1) , 
 
sN - Nominal Section Width  
 H/S - Nominal Aspect Ratio (Example: 60 series  =  60)  
 
7.1.6   Design overall diameter (D
o)  
 
HD Dr o2+ =        Formula (5)  
 
Do - Design Overall Diameter  
 
H - Design Section Height  
 D
r - Nominal Rim Diameter  
 
7.1.7 Maximum and minimum new tyre overall diameter (D omax, Domin) 
  
Hb D Dr o 2 + =max       Formula (6) 
 
hd Dr oD2− =min        Formula (7) 
 
Do max    -   Maximum New Tyre Outer Diameter  
 
Do min   -    Minimum New Tyre Outer Diameter  
 
H  -  Design Section Height  
 
Dr  -   Nominal Rim Diameter  
 
 rounding to the nearest millimeter, acco rding to EAS 124 : 1999(See clause 3). 
 7.2  Calculation of tyre dimensions in service  
 
7.2.1 Maximum overall width in service (W
max)  
 
Sa w=max          F o r m u l a  ( 8 )   
 W
max -    Maximum Overall Width in Service  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                19   
S -  Design Section Width  
 
a -   Coefficient  (See table 6) 
 
 rounding to the nearest millimeter, acco rding to EAS 124 : 1999(See clause 3). 
 7.2.2 Maximum overall diameter in service (D
o,max)  
 
Hb D Dr o 2 max − =         Formula (9)  
 D
o -  Maximum Overall Diameter in Service (1)  
 
H  -  Design Section Height  
 b   -  Coefficient(see table 6)  
 
D
r   -   Nominal Rim Diameter  
 
7.2.3  Maximum section height in service (H)  
                          
       
 
        
       
       
              
       
                     
       
                     
       
       
 
2max D DHo−=         Formula (10)  
  
 
H A  %.  30 =  Formula (11)  
 
 
H B  %.  70 =          F o r m u l a  ( 1 2 )   
 
 
max max  %.  w x C =         Formula (13)  
 
Cmax
Measurin
g 
Rim  Maximum Overall 
Diamte
r  MaximumSection 
Hei
ght
Maximum 
Section 
Maximum Overall R
B
ADRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
20                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  max%.  W Y R =         Formula (14)  
 
 
 
  
          
 Aspect Ratio X % Y %  Do,max -  Maximum Overall Diameter in Service  
 " 35 series" 95 1200  hG = h - F hG    -    Maximum in Service Section  
 " 40 series" 95 1050                                 Height  
 " 45 series" 95 930  H   -  Design Section Height   
 " 50 series" 95 840  FhG  -  Coefficient (See table 6).   
 " 55 series" 95 765  Dr   -  Nominal Rim Diameter   
 " 60 series" 90 630  Wmax -    Maximum Overall Width in Service  
 " 65 series" 90 580      
 " 70 series" 85 480      
 " 75 series" 80 395      
 " 80 series" 80 375      
 
 
8 Test requirements 
 8.1 Test sample  
Two tyres with identical characteristics, e.g. size designation and service description or maximum load 
rating, ply rating and speed capability, shall comprise a test sample:   
One tyre shall be used for the measurement of physical dimensions, and strength;  
 Each test sample shall conform to the requirements specified in 6.2 to 6.5 as appropriate.  
 
8.2 Test equipment  
 The test equipment consists of items in 8.2.1 to 8.2.4.  
 
8.2.1 Test drum, cylindrical driven flywheel having a diameter of 1.7 m   +
2 % or 2 m + 2 %. 
 
The surface of the test drum shall be smooth steel and the width of the test surface shall be equal to 
or exceed the overall width of the test tyre. For the test drum, the loading device shall have a capacity of at least 5700 kg and the accuracy shall be within ± 1 % of the full scale. For the test drum, the 
speed capability of the  equipment shall be adequate for the requirements of the test methods. The 
accuracy of the test drum speed  shall be within +2km/h to -0 km/h.  
 
8.2.2 Plunger, cylindrical steel plunger of sufficient length with a hemispherical end and of  
diameter as shown below; 
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                21  Table 7 — Plunger diameter 
 
 Load Index in single formation                  Plunger Diameter in mm + 
0.5 
     122 – 134                                                                   32 
 
   >
 135                                                                          38 
 
 
For the plunger equipment, the loading device shall permit gradual application of the force. Indicators of displacement and force provided shall have an accuracy within +
 1 % of full scale.  
 For the plunger equipment, the displacement speed shall be controlled with an accuracy within +
 3 % 
of the full scale.  
 
8.2.3   Inflation pressure gauges, with a maximum scale value of at least 1000 kPa with an accuracy 
within ±20 k Pa.  
 
8.3  Testing 
 
8.3.1  Non destructive testing 
 8.3.1.1  Physical dimensions measurement  
 
The tyre physical dimensions shall be determined under uniform ambient conditions as follows: 
 
8.3.1.1.1 Tyre preparation  
The sample shall be mounted on a recommended test rim for that tyre size designation and inflated to the applicable pressures in single formation recommended as indicated in Tyre Dimension Tables and 
approved Rims. 
 Then the tyre shall be conditioned at ambient room  temperature for a minimum of 24 h for bias 
construction and 3 h for radial construction. The pressure is then re-adjusted to the original value.  
8.3.1.1.2  Test procedure 
 
(a) The section width and overall width are callipered at six points approximately equally spaced 
around the tyre circumference. The average of the measurements of the section width and overall width respectively is recorded.  
 
(b)  The tyre overall diameter is determined by measuring the maximum circumference of the tyre and dividing this dimension by π = 3.1416.  
 
The actual section width and overall width for each tyre measured in accordance with this procedure 
shall not be less or exceed the section width specified in the submission made by the manufacturer or in any standard tyre and rim matching information for its size designation and type, by more than 7 %.  
 
8.3.1.1.3  Conformity criteria 
The tyre will be judged to conform if it attains criteria set in tyre dimension tables. 
 
8.3.2 Destructive testing 
 
8.3.2.1 Strength test  
 
8.3.2.1.1  Preparation of tyre  
 
For front tractor tyres that are not of rib - lug pattern  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
22                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  (a)Mount the tyre on appropriate test rim and inflate it to pressure specified for maximum load rating in 
single formation or maximum dual load where they differ. 
 
(b)Maintain the assembly at test room temperature for at least 3h for radial construction and 24h for 
bias/diagonal construction.  8.3.2.1.2  Test procedure  
 (a) Readjust the tyre pressure to that specified in 8.3.2.1.1 (a) and mount the assembly on a 
fixture. 
 (b) Position the plunger as near to the centerline as possible, avoiding penetration into the tread 
grooves, and forces the plunger perpendicularly into the tread at a rate of 50 mm/min± 2.5 mm/min. 
 
( c)  Record the force and penetration at the mom ent of breaking (see also 8.3.2.1.2g) at each of 
five test points  approximately equally spaced around the tyre circumference. Check the pressure 
before moving to the next test point. 
  (d)  If the tyre fails to break before the plunger is stopped on reaching the rim well, then the tyre is 
deemed to have passed the test at that point. 
  (e)  Compute the breaking energy, W, in joules for each test point, except those considered by 
8.3.2.1.2(d) by means of the following formula:  
  
  
2000FxPW=          Formula (15 )  
 
where 
  F      is the force, in Newton;  
 P      is the penetration, in millimeters.  
 
 (f)  Determine the breaking energy value for the tyre by computing the average of the values 
obtained.  
(g)  When an appropriate device, which automatically evaluates the value of the energy W, is 
available, the penetration can be stopped shortly after having achieved the prescribed value. (Table 
8). 
(h) In the case of tubeless tyres, means may be pr ovided to ensure the retention of the inflation 
pressure for the duration of the test.   
8.3.2.1.3  Qualification criteria 
 Each test sample shall meet at least the requirements for minimum breaking energy specified in table 8, when tested in acco rdance with 8.3.2.1.2 
   DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                23   
Table 8 — Minimum breaking energy 
 
Inflation Pressure corresponding to maximum Breaking Energy Minimum 
load rating kPa Joules 
(a) Tyres with load index (single) <  121     
    Nominal rim Diameter 
    Code > 13 
up to 250 294 
251 to 350 362 
351 to 450 514 
451 to 550 576 
551 to 650 644 
over 650 712 
(b) Tyres with load idex (sigle) ≥ 122      
up to 550 972 
551 to 650 1412 
651 to 750 1695 
751 to 850 2090 
951 to 850 2203 
 
 
9 Tyre sampling 
 
9.1 Every shipment of the same size, brand shall be accompanied with manufacturer test data. 
 
9.2 Random sampling of subsequent batch of the same size, brand, manufacturer shall be done 
to confirm compliance of manufacturer's test data. One (1) test sample tyres per size,brand name, 
manufacturer, shall be taken for destructive tests.  9.3 Sampling shall be done at the point of entry and /or distribution point. 
 
10 Non conforming tyres 
 
10.1 No tyre that is designed and manufactured for use on Agricultural Implement, that does not 
conform to the requirement of this standard shall be sold, offered for sale, introduced or delivered for 
introduction into, or imported into East African region. 
 
10.2 The local National Standard Body shall conduct random market surveillance inspection to 
ensure no existence of illegal introduced/delivered tyres in the region. 
 
10.3 The local National Standards body shall take the responsibility of en suring public awareness 
of the ban on non conforming tyres. 
 
11 Disposal of non-conforming tyres 
 11.1 To ensure that the consumer is protected from exposure to non conforming tyres the importer 
and/or manufacture shall take the responsibility of shipping back to source all non conforming consignments  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
24                                                                                                ©EAC 2004-All rights reserved  11.2 If the non-conforming tyres are in the market it will be the responsibility of the local Bureau to 
ensure that consumers are protected from their use. 
 
11.3 The responsibility for testing shall be on the local National Standard Body or their assigned 
agencies. 
 
12 Certification 
 
The certification shall be done in accordance with  the procedure of the local national Standard Body. 
The procedure for certification shall be obtained shall be obtained from the local National Standard 
Body. It shall be the responsibility of the local Nation al Standard Body to ensure that the importers or 
manufacturers with a "Certificate of Conformity" for the size, brand and manufacturer for consignment 
that meets the requirement of this standard. 
 At every tyre selling point there shall be a Certified True Copy of Certificate of Conformance. 
 
Test certificate validity 
 
Certificate of conformity shall be valid for a period recommended after which the importer and/or 
manufacturer shall have to re-apply for re-certification. This Certificate of Conformity shall always 
remain a property of the issuing Bureau and shall be returned to the same before a new one is issued.  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWEAS 360:2004  
©EAC 2004-All rights reserved                                                                                                25   
Bibliography 
 
ETRTO STANDARDS MANUAL:2001, The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization  
 
Standards for tyres/rims/valves for ground vehicles 
 
ETRTO ENGINEERING DESIGN INFORMATION:2001 — The European Tyre and Rim Technical 
Organization, Design guides and engineering data 
 
 JATMA YEAR BOOK (Tires Standards):2001, The Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers Association, Inc. 
 THE TIRE and RIM ASSOCIATION IN. YEAR BOOK: 2000 - TRA   
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT UGANDA STANDARD ON PUBLIC REVIEW EAS 360 : 2004                      
 
 
© EAC 2004 — All rights reserved