G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2  
G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2  
 
25 February 2014  
(14-1148)  Page: 1/10  
Committee on Safeguards  Original: English  
 
NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 12.1(C) 
OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS (EXTENSION) 
 
NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9, FOOTNOTE 2 
OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS 
TURKEY 
(Spectacle Frames) 
Supplement 
The following notification, dated 24 February 2014,  is being circulation at the request of the 
Delegation of Turkey. 
 
_______________ 
 
We enclose a notification pursuant to Article 12.1( c) and Article 9, footnote 2 of the Agreement on 
Safeguards, on taking a decision to extend a safeguard measure that is being applied against imports of spectacle frames and  non-application of the safeguard measure to developing countries. 
The initial safeguard measure was notified with the document G/SG/N/8/TUR/8- 
G/SG/N/10/TUR/8-G/SG/N/11/TUR/8, dated 5 February 2008.  Consistent with Article 12.3 of the Agreement on Sa feguards, Turkey is ready to hold consultations 
with those Members having a substantial interest as exporters of the product concerned. 
 1  NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(C) OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS UPON 
TAKING A DECISION TO EXTEND A SAFEGUARD MEASURE 
1.1  Evidence that the safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or 
remedy serious injury or threat th ereof caused by increased imports  
The investigation has been conducted by Turkish Investigating Authority.  The yearly figures 
between 2010 and 2012 and the half-year fi gures between 2010 and 2013 were examined. 
Following figures (other than consumption and market shares) on economic indicators of domestic producers are based on the data submitte d by 10 domestic producers which produce 
approximately 64% of total domestic production. Figures on consumption and market shares are 
based on the estimations of domestic sales of all domestic producers and imports.  
The figures on economic indicators of domestic pr oducers are presented in two groups in terms of 
the type of product (spectacle frames made of pl astics and of other materials) and as total of two 
groups. 
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
- 2 - 
 
  i. Consumption 
CONSUMPTION 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity 
(pcs.) 5.904.608 6.393.200 6.124.942 2.552.709 3.228.462 3.086.488 2.975.374  
Change 
(%) - 8 -4 - 26 -4 -4 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity 
(pcs.) 1.087.698 1.630.494 2.178.573 550.869 824.159 1.140.561 1.346.209  
Change 
(%) - 50 34 - 50 38 18 
OF 
OTHER Quantity 
(pcs.) 4.816.910 4.762.706 3.946.369 2.001.840 2.404.303 1.945.927 1.629.165  
Change 
(%) - -1 -17 - 20 -19 -16 
 
Domestic consumption of spectacle frames has been around 6 million pieces per year 
between 2010 and 2012. In this period, consumpt ion of frames made of plastics increased while 
consumption of frames made of other materials decreased. This trend continued in the first half of 2013. 
 
ii. Market Share 
Market Share (%) 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Domestic 
Products 54 53 59 66 56 62 71 
Imported 
Products 46 47 41 34 44 38 29 
OF 
PLASTICS Domestic 
Products 88 83 79 92 87 80 79 
Imported 
Products 12 17 21 8 13 20 21 
OF 
OTHER Domestic 
Products 47 43 47 59 45 51 65 
Imported 
Products 53 57 53 41 55 49 35 
 
Market share of domestic products increased from 54% in 2010 to 59% in 2012. For the frames made of other materials, market share of domestic products remained stable between 2010 
and 2012, but increased in the first half of 2013.  For the frames made of plastics, domestic 
products continuously lost their market share in this period.  
iii. Production 
PRODUCTION 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity 
(pcs.) 1.405.457 1.587.566 2.316.227 732.216 889.045 1.155.364 1.646.343  
Change (%) - 13 46 - 21 30 42 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity 
(pcs.) 382.535 687.718 1.214.478 219.090 389.560 586.010 866.095 
Change (%) - 80 77 - 78 50 48 
OF 
OTHER Quantity 
(pcs.) 1.022.922 899.848 1.101.749 513.126 499.485 569.354 780.248 
Change (%) - -12 22 - -3 14 37 
 
Production of the frames made of plastics increased continuously in parallel to the growth of 
domestic market size during the investigation period. Production of the frames made of other G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
- 3 - 
 
  materials increased by 22% in 2012 following a decrease by 12% in 2011. The figures of the first 
half of 2013 shows a production increase in both groups.  
iv. Capacity and Capacity Utilization 
CAPACITY 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity 
(pcs.) 2.553.600 8.841.000 24.370.464 1.276.800 1.483.800 12.185.232 12.195.857  
Change (%) - 246 176 - 16 721 0 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity 
(pcs.) 450.000 6.737.400 21.928.114 225.000 432.000 10.964.057 10.964.057  
Change (%) - 1.397 225 - 92 2.438 0 
OF 
OTHER Quantity 
(pcs.) 2.103.600 2.103.600 2.442.350 1.051.800 1.051.800 1.221.175 1.231.800 
Change (%) - 0 16 - 0 16 1 
 
The production capacity of the frames made of  other materials increased by 16% in 2012 and 
by 1% in the first half of 2013. On the other hand, for the frames made of plastics, a huge 
capacity increase was seen in 2011 and 2012.  
CAPACITY UTILIZATION 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Capacity Util. Rate (%) 55 18 10 57 60 9 13 
Change (%) - -67 -47 - 4 -84 42 
OF 
PLASTICS Capacity Util. Rate (%) 85 10 6 97 90 5 8 
Change (%) - -88 -46 - -7 -94 48 
OF 
OTHER Capacity Util. Rate (%) 49 43 45 49 47 47 63 
Change (%) - -12 5 - -3 -2 36 
 
This huge increase in the capacity of frames ma de of plastics brought about a sharp decrease in 
capacity utilization rate for the years 2011 and 2012. During the investigation the reason for this 
capacity increase has been searched. In analyzing the capacity figures of domestic producers, it 
was seen that big investment of one domestic producer on plastics injection machines in 2011 
and 2012 is the reason behind this increase in overall production capacity. The capacity figures of 
this producer don't reflect the overall trend in  Turkish domestic industry. Therefore the sharp 
decrease in capacity utilization rate has not been taken into consideration as a proxy in analysis. 
 
v. Domestic Sales 
DOMESTIC SALES 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity 
(pcs.) 1.244.876 1.452.812 2.320.076 689.933 812.897 1.083.977 1.566.230  
Change (%) - 17 60 - 18 33 44 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity 
(pcs.) 382.535 673.636 1.169.912 219.090 389.560 528.821 819.579 
Change (%) - 76 74 - 78 36 55 
OF 
OTHER Quantity 
(pcs.) 862.341 779.176 1.150.164 470.843 423.337 555.156 746.651 
Change (%) - -10 48 - -10 31 34 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
- 4 - 
 
   
For the frames made of plastics, domestic sales increased continuously during the investigation period. Domestic sales of the frames made of other materials increased by 48% in 2012 following a decrease by 10% in 2011. 
 
vi. Employment 
EMPLOYMENT 2010 2011  2012  
 2010(1-6)  2011(1-6)  2012(1-6) 2013(1-6)  
TOTAL Quantity (person) 184 188 232 177 170 205 279 
Change (%) - 2 23 - -4 21 36 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity (person) 9 31 82 9 12 58 103 
Change (%) - 244 165 - 33 383 78 
OF 
OTHER Quantity (person) 175 157 150 168 158 147 176 
Change (%) - -10 -4 - -6 -7 20 
 
Employment figures of domestic producers in the group of frames made of other materials decreased by 10% in 2011 and 4% in 2012. On the ot her hand, the figures of the producers of the 
frames made of plastics demonstrate a continuous increase in the same period. In the first half 
of 2013, employment figures show an increase in both groups.  
vii. Productivity 
PRODUCTIVITY 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity 
(pcs. per person) 7.638 8.445 9.984 8.274 10.459 11.272 11.802 
Change (%) - 11 18 - 26 8 5 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity 
(pcs. per person) 42.504 22.184 14.811 48.687 64.927 20.207 16.817 
Change (%) - -48 -33 - 33 -69 -17 
OF 
OTHER Quantity 
(pcs. per person) 5.845 5.732 7.345 6.109 6.323 7.746 8.866 
Change (%) - -2 28 - 4 23 14 
 
For the frames made of other materials, employme nt productivity increased in the investigation 
period. On the other hand a decrease in employment productivity is observed for the frames made of plastics. Taking into consideration the fact that production of frames made of plastics is not a 
labor-intensive production, this decrease cannot be regarded as a major proxy in analysis. In total 
of both groups, employment productivity of  the domestic industry increased after 2011. 
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
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  viii. End of Period Inventories 
END OF PERIOD 
INVENTORIES 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Quantity (pcs.) 166.320 300.629 271.471 48.022 242.469 360.043 326.187 
Change (%) - 81 -10 - 405 48 -9 
OF 
PLASTICS Quantity (pcs.) 0 13.637 33.133 0 0 58.853 54.251 
Change (%) - - 143 - - - -8 
OF 
OTHER Quantity (pcs.) 166.320 286.992 238.338 48.022 242.469 301.190 271.936 
Change (%) - 73 -17 - 405 24 -10 
 
End of period inventories of the domestic producers in total increased by 81% in 2011, and then 
decreased by 10% in 2012.  
ix. Profitability 
PROFITABILITY 2010 2011 2012 
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL Average profit 
rate (%) 7,4 4,8 8,9 5,0 2,9 8,3 11,4 
Change (%) - -36 86 - -43 187 38 
OF 
PLASTICS Average profit 
rate (%) 12,2 7,9 11,1 17,1 7,9 11,0 18,5 
Change (%) - -35 41 - -54 40 69 
OF 
OTHER Average profit 
rate (%) 6,7 3,9 7,5 3,0 1,5 6,8 5,7 
Change (%) - -42 94 - -48 342 -16 
 
In both groups, average profit rates of the domestic producers decreased in 2011, and then 
increased in 2012. In the first half of 2013, while profitability of producers of frames made of plastics has been increasing, the profitability of producers of frames made of other materials decreased. 
 
x. Conclusion 
While total figures of the domestic industry show a positive trend through investigation period, 
analysis of these figures separately in terms of product type brings about a different conclusion. 
 -  Frames made of plastics: Most of the indica tors of domestic producers of frames made of 
plastics display a positive trend and are better than the indicators of the producers of frames made 
of other materials during the investigation period. However, the development of domestic market and imports in this group present the reasons of this positive trend. Between 2010 and 2012, 
while imports increased by 253%, increase in domestic production became lower (217%). In this 
period, imports increased both in absolute terms and relative to domestic production. The detailed 
import figures are presented in the section 1.2. In the same period market share of domestic 
products continuously decreased. In current situation of competition between domestic products 
and imported products, there is a great probability that imported products will take a significant 
part of market share of domestic products, unle ss the safeguard measure is extended. Therefore, 
safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or remedy serious injury or threat thereof 
caused by increased imports. 
 -  Frames made of other materials: Most of the in dicators of domestic producers of frames made of 
other materials revealed a positive outlook in 2012 following the negative trend in 2011. However, 
two factors should be assessed in evaluation of the situation of domestic producers. First, the G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
- 6 - 
 
  figures presented above are the figures of producers which are still active in the market. 
5 domestic producers having a production over 1,1 million spectacle frames made of other materials (in 2010) closed their production facilities between 2011 and 2013. Main reason behind the shutdown of these companies is the inability of the domestic producers to compete with 
imports. Secondly, the domestic producers needed to work in low profit margins during the 
investigation period (7,5% or less) due to the pres sure of imports. Indeed, the average profit rate 
decreased to 5,7% in the first half of 2013. The fact that most of the indicators of domestic 
producers are negative in 2011 in which imports increased in absolute value shows the 
vulnerability and sensitivity of domestic production to the developments in imports. Therefore, safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or remedy serious injury or threat thereof caused by increased imports. 
 
1.2  Information on increase in imports in  absolute term or relative to domestic 
production 
Following import figures don't include the data of import transactions having a unit CIF price equal 
to or over 35 USD per piece.  
(i) General View of Imports 
 
GROUP Year Quantity 
(pcs.) Value 
(USD) USD 
per 
pcs. Change 
in 
Quantity  
(%)  Year Quantity 
(pcs.) Value 
(USD) USD 
per 
pcs. Change 
in 
Quantity  
(%) 
TOTAL 2010 2.704.608 23.842.683 8,8  
 2010 
(1-6) 856.709 7.903.731 9,2  
2011 2.993.200 27.522.316 9,2 10,7 2011 
(1-6) 1.426.462 12.441.891 8,7 66,5 
2012 2.524.942 27.466.212 10,9 -15,6 2012 
(1-6) 1.178.488 11.782.900 10,0 -17,4 
- - - - - 2013 
(1-6) 855.374 9.489.876 11,1 -27,4 
OF 
PLASTICS 2010 127.698 1.502.541 11,8 - 
 2010 
(1-6) 42.069 547.598 13,0 - 
2011 270.494 4.545.425 16,8 111,8 2011 
(1-6) 103.359 1.802.020 17,4 145,7 
2012 450.573 7.594.033 16,9 66,6 2012 
(1-6) 224.721 3.424.242 15,2 117,4 
- - - - - 2013 
(1-6) 286.209 3.800.779 13,3 27,4 
OF 
OTHER 2010 2.576.910 22.340.142 8,7 - 
 2010 
(1-6) 814.640 7.356.133 9,0 - 
2011 2.722.706 22.976.891 8,4 5,7 2011 
(1-6) 1.323.103 10.639.871 8,0 62,4 
2012 2.074.369 19.872.179 9,6 -23,8 2012 
(1-6) 953.767 8.358.658 8,8 -27,9 
- - - - - 2013 
(1-6) 569.165 5.689.097 10,0 -40,3 
 
For frames made of plastics, quantity of imports increased continuously during the investigation period. The rate of increase has been 111,8% in 2011, 66,6% in 2012 and 27,4% in the first half 
of 2013. While the quantity of imports of the fr ames increased by 5,7% in 2011, it decreased 
by 23,8% in 2012. In conclusion, there has been an  absolute increase in imports of the frames 
made of plastics.  G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
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  (ii) Imports Relative to Domestic Production 
 Ratio of the imported quantity to the estimation of production of Turkish domestic industry is 
demonstrated in terms of periods below. 
 
Imports / Domestic 
Production 2010 2011  2012  
 2010 
(1-6) 2011 
(1-6) 2012 
(1-6) 2013 
(1-6) 
TOTAL % 75 81 70 48 72 58 38 
OF PLASTICS % 12 18 26 8 13 23 26 
OF OTHER % 102 122 111 65 112 90 51 
 
According to the figures above, quantity of impo rts of the frames made of plastics continuously 
increased relative to domestic production in the investigation period. 
 1.3  Precise description of the product involved 
The HS based Codes under the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule and descriptions of the products 
concerned are listed in the table below.   
 
HS Based Codes Description of the Product 
9003.11.00.00.00 -- Of Plastics 
9003.19.00.00.00 -- Of Other Materials 
 1.4  Description of any part of  the imported product that will no longer be subject to the 
measure in the extension 
Of the products above, the ones having a CIF unit  price equal to or over 35 USD per piece will no 
longer be subject to the measure in the extension.  
1.5  Precise description of the proposed measure 
The safeguard measure is proposed to be extended for 2 years until 4 March 2016 (4 March 2016 
is included) in the form of fixed duty, which will be implemented against imports having CIF unit price lower than the relevant threshold level. If imports are undertaken at a CIF unit price equal to 
or above the relevant threshold level established, the imports will not be subject to the proposed 
measure. The amounts of fixed duty for each product and each period are cited below.   
HS Code Description of the 
Product Threshold 
(USD per 
piece) Fixed duty 
(USD per piece) 
(5/3/2014-
4/3/2015) (5/3/2015-
4/3/2016) 
9003.11.00.00.00 Of Plastics 35 1,75 1,50 
9003.19.00.00.00 Of Other Materials 35 2,00 1,75 
 
1.6  Proposed date of introduction of the measure 
The measure will come into force in 5 March 2014  with the publication of the approval of the 
Council of Ministers after the procedures are concluded.  
1.7  Expected duration of the measure 
The expected duration of the proposed measure is two years. 
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
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  1.8  Proposed date for the review  
Not applicable. 
 1.9  Expected timetable for progre ssive liberalization of the measure 
The measure is proposed to be liberalized annually as stated in the Section 1.5. 
 1.10  If the notification relates only to a find ing of serious injury or threat thereof, and 
does not relate to a decision to apply or extend a safeguard measure: 
Not applicable. 
 1.11  Information relating to the extension of a safeguard measure 
i. Evidence that the safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or 
remedy serious injury or threat thereof is provided in Section 1.1. 
Evidence that the industry concerned is adjusting: 
 
According to the search conducted during the investigation, customer preferences seem to canalize towards the frames made of plastics in recent years. This trend has been proved both in 
international markets and in Turkish market. Because of this tendency, Turkish domestic producers 
have a plan to convert the production structure from the frames made of other materials to the frames made of plastics to a large extent. This tr ansformation has been regarded as indispensable 
by domestic producers to adjust into a competition environment in a situation in which the 
safeguard measure wouldn't exist. 
 The aforementioned transformation is realized in two ways in domestic industry. First, the 
producers which have been dealing with the production of the frames made of other materials add 
frames made of plastics into their product range by investing on plastic injection machines. Besides, the producers which have already been producing the frames made of plastics do 
additional investments in the same field. 
 Second way is the transformation which was brou ght about by natural development of the market. 
A portion of the market share of the producers of frames made of other materials which 
terminated their production has been acquired by the producers of the frames made of plastics in 
recent years.  
The domestic producers which still survive in the environment of intense competition with imports 
in Turkish market are the producers who improved th eir adjustment capabilities by increasing their 
productivity and by rehabilitating their marketing st rategies. In this regard, the activities initiated 
and still being continued to follow by domestic producers to adjust into the market conditions are 
listed below:  
-  Enhancement of product quality and producti vity by replacing the old injection machines 
by new ones 
 -  Enhancement of product quality by starting to use domestically produced steel dies 
 
-  Enlargement of product range 
 
-  Reduction in costs by producing some parts of frames such as temple tips and demo lens 
in the same production facility 
 
-  Improvements in the capability of introducing new products to the market 
 
-  Automation of drying systems in plastic injection machines 
 
-  Increase in productivity by using vibration machine in polishing process 
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
- 9 - 
 
  -  New marketing activities such as participating in international trade fairs and developing 
brand management strategies 
 
ii. Reference to the WTO document that notified the initial application of the measure: 
The introduction of the definitive safeguard measure was notified in the document 
numbered G/SG/N/8/TUR/8 - G/SG/N/10/TUR/8 - G/SG/N/11/TUR/8, dated 5 February 2008.  
iii. Duration of the measure from initial application till the date at which it will be 
extended: 
The initial safeguard measure was applied from 5 March 2008 to 4 March 2011 and then the 
measure was extended until 4 March 2014. Turkey now intends to extend the safeguard measure 
until 4 March 2016. 
 Precise description of the measure in place prior to the date of extension 
 
The measure in place prior to the date of extension is a specific duty which was put into force in imports of spectacle frames by the Council of Mini sters decision published in the Official Gazette 
dated 23 October 2011, no. 28093. The level of duties identified in the table below. 
 
HS Code Description of the 
Product Fixed duty 
(USD per piece) 
1st year  2nd year 3rd year 
9003.11.00.00.00 Of Plastics 
2,55 2,40 2,25 
9003.19.00.00.00 Of Other Materials 
 
1.12  Information relating to exporting members 
i. The major exporting Members of imports of the product involved: 
The main exporter to Turkey for the produc t concerned is the Peoples' Republic of 
China. China has 86,6% import share in the first half of 2013.  
ii. There are no exporting Members to which th e measure does not apply for any reason 
other than the application of Article 9.1 
1.13  Members are encouraged to attach, in  an electronic form, publicly available 
document(s) containing the relevant decisi on(s) made by the competent authority. 
The official documents regarding the investigation and the final decision are available in the link 
below.  
http://www.tpsa.gov.tr/index.cfm?sayf a=CC69F9BE-0EDD-40CB-67552A8255FF0B7A  
 
2  NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9, FOOTNOTE 2 OF THE AGREEMENT ON 
SAFEGUARDS 
2.1  The measure It is proposed to impose safeguard measure as described in Section 1.5. 
 
2.2  The product subject to the measure 
The measure is applied to the product described in Section 1.3. 
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/8/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/8/Suppl.2 
 
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  2.3  Developing countries to which the meas ure is not applied under article 9.1 of the 
Agreement on Safeguards. 
The developing countries which are excluded from the measure as they export in quantities less 
than 3% of imports to Turkey are listed below.  
 
Afghanistan; Algeria; Antigua and Barbuda; Angola; Argentina; American Samoa; Anguilla; Antarctica; Aruba; Azerbaijan; Barbados; Bangladesh; Burkina Faso; Bahrain; Burundi; Benin; 
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; Brunei Da russalam; Bolivia; Brazil; Bahamas; Bhutan; 
Botswana; Belize; Bermuda; Bouvet Island; British Virgin Islands; British Indian Ocean Territory; Democratic Republic of Congo; Central African Republic; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Cameroon; Chad; Colombia; Costa Rica; Cuba; Cape Verde; Cayman  Islands; Chile; Christmas Islands; Cocos 
Islands; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; 
Fiji; Federated States of Micronesia; Falkland Islands; French Polynesia; French Southern Territories; Gabon; Grenada; Ghana; Gambia; Georgia; Greenland; Guinea; Equatorial Guinea; 
Guatemala; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Gibraltar; Guam; Honduras; Haiti; Heard Island and 
McDonald Islands; India; Indonesia; Iraq; Iran; Jamaica; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Cambodia; Kiribati; Comoros; St. Kitts and Nevis; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Laos; Lebanon; St. Lucia; Sri Lanka; 
Liberia; Lesotho; Libya; Morocco; Madagascar; Marshall Islands; Mali; Moldova; Mongolia; 
Mauritania; Mauritius; Malaysia; Maldives; Malawi; Mozambique; Macao; Mayotte; Mexico; Montserrat; Myanmar; Namibia; Niger; Nigeria; Nicaragua; Nepal; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles; New Caledonia; Niue Island; Norfolk Island; Northern Mariana Islands; Oman; Panama; Peru; 
Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Pakistan; Palau; Paraguay; Pitcairn; Qatar; Russian Federation; 
Rwanda; Samoa; Saudi Arabia; Solomon Islands; Seychelles; Sudan; Sierra Leone; Senegal; 
Somalia; Suriname; Sao Tomé and Principe; El Salvador; Swaziland; South Africa; South Georgia 
and South Sandwich Islands; South Sudan; St. He lena and Dependencies; St. Pierre and Miquelon; 
Tajikistan; Thailand; Togo; Tunisia; Tonga; East Timor; Trinidad and Tobago; Turkmenistan; Tuvalu; Tanzania; Tokelau; Turks and Caicos Islands; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United 
States Minor Outlying Islands; Uganda; Urugua y; Uzbekistan; St. Vincent; Vietnam; Vanuatu; 
Virgin Islands of US; Wallis and Futuna  Islands; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe. 
 
__________