PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
1 
 DRAFT STANDARD FOR ORGANIC AQUACULTURE FEEDS  
 
1 Scope   
 
This Standard applies to the formulation and prepar ation of nutritionally adequate  complete 
organic aqua culture feeds  or aquafeeds , farm -made or commercial,  for culture of aquatic 
animal s such crustac eans, fish and mollusks . This also covers organic aqua feeds  that are 
custom -mixed , organic feed ingredients  and additives , and other  feed products claimed 
organic . 
 
2 References  
 
The titles  of the standards  and publi cations  referred  to in this Standard are listed on the 
inside back cover.  
 
3 Definition of  terms  
 
For the purpose  of the standard,  the following  terms  shall  mean:  
 
3.1 
adulterant  
refers to any biological or chemical agent, foreign matter and other substances intention ally 
added to feed du ring   the   production,   manu facture,   processing,   preparation, treatment, 
packing,  packaging, transport  or holding of su ch feed which may compromise feed safety, or 
suitability.  It may be added to  more expensive substances  to increa se visible  quantities  and 
reduce  manufacturing  costs, or for some  other  deceptive  or malicious  purpose . 
 
3.2 
aflatoxins  
refers to  a group of highly toxic  mycotoxins produced  by fungi  of the genus  Aspergillus . 
 
3.3 
ash 
refers to the  mineral  matter  of a feed or feed ingredient  rema ining  after burning  off the 
dry matter . 
 
3.4 
batch number  
refers to a designa tion in numbers or letters or  combination thereof  assigned by the 
manufacturer to a particular bat ch of feed or feed ingredient p roduced  during  a given cycle  of 
manufacture /produc tion that identi fies the batch and permits the tracing or tracking of the 
batch . 
 
3.5 
complete  feed 
refers to a  mixture  or combination  of feed ingredients  supplements  and additives  by specific 
formula to be fed directly as sole ration to  animals which is c apable of furnishing the nutritional 
needs or requiremen ts of the ani mal in o rder to maintain life, promote growth,  production  and 
reprodu ction without  any additi onal substa nce except  water . 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
2 
 3.6 
commercial   organic aquafeeds  
refers to those manufactured by companies, whose primary business is aquat ic animal feedstuff 
production.  
 
3.7 
contaminant  
refers  to any substance not intentionally added to food or feed for food -producing animals, 
which is present in such food or feed as a result of the production (i ncluding operations carried 
out in crop husbandry, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine), manufacture, processing, 
preparation, treatment, packing, packaging, transport or holding of such food or feed, or as a 
result of environmental contamination. The  term does not include insect fragments, rodent hairs 
and other extraneous matter.  
 
3.8 
crude  fat or ether  extract  
refers to the  fats, oils, waxes  and similar  compon ents found  in feeds  and feed ingredient, 
which  are extracted  with warm  ether  in chemical  analysis. 
 
3.9 
crude  fiber  
refers to the coarse, fibrous and indigestible portion  of feeds and feed ing redients, relatively 
low in digestibility  and nutritive  value  such as cellulose,  hemi -cellulose  and lignin . 
 
3.10 
crude  protein  
refers to the  proteins  and all other  nitrogenous compounds  in feeds  and feed ingredients . 
 
3.11 
custom -mixed  feed 
refers to a feed which is  compounded or  mixed a ccording to the spe cifications  of the final 
buyer or user for his own use/ consumpti on or for use of a li mited clientele an d not intended  for 
sale to the general  public . 
 
3.12 
farm-made organic  
aquafeed  refers to small -scale aquafeed  manufacture d encompassing everything from simple 
hand -formed doughballs to small feed production units (New, 1992); those made for the 
exclusive use of a particular farming activity, not for a commercial scale or profit; feeds made 
by individuals or groups of individu als who are primarily farmers . 
 
3.13 
feed additive  
refers to an ingredient or combination  of ingredients which is added to the basic mixed feed to 
fulfill a s pecific need  which in clude, but not  limited to, duly registered acidifiers, antioxidants, 
aromatics, deodori zing agents,  flavor enhancers, mold inhibito rs, pellet binders, preservatives, 
swee teners, toxin bi nders, artificial color attractants, astaxanthin, etc. It is usually used in  micro  
quantities  and requi res careful  handling and mixing. A feed additive may have no nutrit ive 
value but is added to the feed to improve its quality and efficacy . 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
3 
 3.14 
feed digestibility  
refers to the  percentage  of the dry matter  or partic ular nutrient  in the diet that the animal 
absorbs  into the body  through  the digestive  tract. (BAFS/PNS 84:2010)  
 
3.15 
feed fines  
refer  to fine  feed particles  produced  after pelleting  at plant . (BAFS/PNS 84:2010)  
 
3.16 
feed ingredient  
refers to a component part or constituent of any combination or mixture making up a feed, 
[whether or not] it  has a nutritional value in the animal’s diet, including feed additives. 
Ingredients are ore of plant, animal or aquatic ori gin, o r other organic  substances.  
 
3.17 
feed stability  
refers to an  ability  of feed to maintain  its integrity  in the water thus becoming  available  
to aquatic  animals . 
 
3.18 
label 
refers to any written, printed or graphic matter att ached, affixed to or found in a ny package, 
bag, bale, sack, barrel, bin, can, canister or any other container of mixed feeds, feed ingredients, 
feed supplements,  feed additi ves, base mixes, concentrates, specialty feeds,  special  feed 
nutrient  preparations and/or other feed products . 
 
3.19 
lot numb er 
refers to a de signation in nu mbers or let ters or combination thereof assigned  to a particular 
feed  product  produced  under  the  same  raw  material  sou rce  with  the  same formulation  
assigned  by the manufacturer . 
 
3.20 
mesh size 
refers t o the  number  of openings  per square  inch of mesh  (e.g. number  4-4 openings  per 
square  inch; 16-16 openings  per square  inch). 
 
3.21 
moisture content  
refers to the water content of the feed.  
 
3.22 
organic  
refers  to the particular  farming  and processing  syste ms, described  in the standards  and not 
in the classical chemical  sense.  The term “organic” is synon ymous in other languages to 
“biological”  or “ecological” . 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
4 
 3.23 
organic aquafeed  
refers to any duly certified complete feed p repared on farm or manufactur ed by  duly certified 
organic and registered feed mill/processi ng plant, distributed and traded for consumption  by 
aquatic animals,  which a re raised for human consumption.  
 
3.24 
package  
refers to a  sack,  bag, barrel,  box, bin, can, canister  or any other container  for feeds  and/or 
feed ingredients . 
 
3.25 
proximate Analysis  
refers to the process of determining the major constituents of feed partitioning nutrients into 6 
components: moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, nitrogen -free extract (NFE ) and 
ash. 
 
3.26 
supplemental  feed 
refers to feed  supplied  to meet  the nutrient requirement  of fish for maintenance  and growth 
when  natural food is inadequate . 
 
3.27 
organic feed miller  
refers to a duly certified by organic certifying body (OCB) and regist ered feed miller (by DA) . 
 
4 Description  
 
Organic aqua feeds , in any form, are prepared from safe and organic  feed and feeding 
ingredi ents, milled and processed  using machines, tools and equipment that are dedicated for 
organic production .  
 
5 Essential  composition  and quality  factors  
 
5.1 Organic Aqua feeds 
 
5.1.1  This  feed  should  be  prepared  from sustainable and quality organic  raw materials 
and   shall   provide   adequate nutritional requirements   to   produ ce acceptable performance 
to crustaceans,  fish and mollusks  reared in aquaculture farms/ponds and other culture 
facilities.  
 
5.2 Raw  materials  
 
5.2.1  Raw mate rials for organic  aquaculture  feeds shall  be sourced  from  duly certified 
organic and registered local feed ingredient  suppliers . When impor ted raw materials are used, 
these must be certified and registered organic.  
 
5.2.2  Raw materials  shall  be good  sources  of needed  nutrients  like protein, essential amino 
acids,  lipids, essential fatty acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.  
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
5 
 5.2.3  Raw materials containing molds, which are sources of aflatoxin shall not be used.  
 
5.2.4  Limited percentage of non -organic feed may be used in areas where organic aquaculture 
is in early stages of development. In no case may the percentage of non -organic feed of 
agricultural origin exceed 20% dry matter calculated on per production cycle basis.   
 
5.2.5  For carnivorous aquaculture animals, feed products derived from the whole fish c aught 
in sustainable fisheries  as determined by competent authority shall be allo wed at an inclusion 
limit of up to 60%.  
 
5.2.6  The following  substances  are prohibited  in the products:  
 
a) farm  animal  by-products  (e.g. abattoir  waste)  of ruminants;  
b) slaughter  products  of the same  species;  
c) all types  of excrements  including  droppings,  dung  or other  manure;  
d) feed subjected  to solvent extraction  (e.g. hexane)  or the addition  of other  chemical 
agents;  
e) crystalline/synthetic amino -acid isolates;  
f) urea and other  synthetic  nitrogen  compounds;  
g) synthetic  growth  promoters  or stimulants;  
h) synthetic  appeti te stimulants;  
i) artificial  preservatives ; 
j) artificial  coloring  agents ; 
k) genetically  modified  organisms  (GMO)  or  their  products ; 
l) use of wild  fish  juveniles ; and  
m) veterinary  drugs  i.e. antibiotics . 
 
5.2.7  Synthetic  vitamins, minerals and  supplements may  be used when natural  sources  are 
not availabl e. 
  
5.2.8  Inclusion of  natural  pigments  (e.g. in the form  of shrimps  shells  or Phaffia  yeast)  
is permitted.   This  must  be  limited  to  the  degree  of  pigmentation   found  under  
natural circumstances.  
 
5.2.9 The feed for aquatic  animals  shall  meet  the nutritional  requirements  of the 
species.  
 
5.3 Other  composition  
 
5.3.1 Salt 
 
Salt shall  be of food grade  quality.  
 
5.3.2 Water  
 
The water  to be used in preparation  shall  be clean and according  to Codex stand ards.  
 
5.4 Final  product  
 
5.4.1 The final product  must  be nutritionally  balanced,  palatable, digestible,  water  stable, 
storage stable  and has  the proper  size and texture for target/cultured species.   
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
6 
  
5.4.2 The final product  shall  meet  all the requirements enumerated below:  
  
Table 1 – Nutrient standards for complete organic aquafeeds  
 
 
Feed t ype Crude  
protein   
% NLT  Crude   
fat  
% NLT  Crude  
fiber  
% NMT  Ash  
% NMT  
I. Crustaceans      
A. P. monodon      
a. Lar val diet  
 (50)1 4 4 16 
b. Fry mash  38 4 4 16 
c. Starter c rumble/Pellet 37 4 4 16 
d. Grow er pellet 35 4 4 16 
e. Fini sher pellet  32 4 5 16 
f. Broodsto ck pelle t2 
 - - - - 
B. P. vannam ei/ Macrobrachium spp.      
a. Lar val diet  (50)1 4 4 16 
b. Fry mash  38 4 4 16 
c. Starter c rumble/Pellet 35 4 4 16 
d. Grow er pellet 30 4 4 16 
e. Fini sher pellet  26 4 5 16 
f. Broodsto ck pelle t2 - - - - 
 
Table 1 – Nutrient standards for complete organic aquafeeds  (cont…)  
 
 
Feed t ype Crude  
protein   
% NLT  Crude   
fat  
% NLT  Crude  
fiber  
% NMT  Ash  
% NMT  
III. Finfish es     
A. Herbivore/Omnivore fishes  
(e.g. Milkfis h3, tilapia, siganid etc .)     
a. Lar val diet  (38)1 4 5 16 
b. Fry mash  35 4 5 16 
c. Pre -Starter cru mble/Pellet  35 4 5 16 
d. Starter c rumble 29 4 8 16 
e. Grow er pellet 27 4 8 16 
f. Finish er pellet 25 4 9 16 
g. Broo dstock pellet  (40)1 4 9 16 
B. Pangas ius spp.      
a. Lar val diet  - - - -  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
7 
 b. Fry cru mble 28 4 5 16 
c. Starter c rumble/Pellet 26 4 5 16 
d. Grow er/Juvenile p ellet 22 4 6 16 
e. Fini sher/Adult pellet 22 4 6 16 
f. Broodsto ck/Bree der pellet 22 4 5 16 
C. Carnivore fishes  
(e.g. Grouper,  snapper, seabass etc.)      
a. Lar val diet  (48)1 8 6 16 
b. Fry mash  44 8 6 16 
c. Starter c rumble 40 8 6 16 
d. Grow er pellet 38 8 6 16 
e. Fini sher pellet  35 8 6 16 
f. Broodsto ck pelle t2 (44)1 - - - 
Legend: NLT  - Not le ss than                   NMT - Not more than  
 
1 values are requirem ent levels  
2 no existing feed type in the market  
  3 the following protein lev els (%)  suggested f or supplemental fee ds for Milkfish for pon ds are 
    a) starter crumb le 30, b) growe r pellet 28, and c) finisher 27. 
 
 
 
Table 2 – Physical re quireme nts at plant  
 
A. Fish and pr awn or shrimp  
 
Feed form  Fine s4 (%) Moisture  content 
maximum (%) 
a. Mas h5 100 12 
b. Crumble  Not mo re than 10  12 
c. Pellet (Sinking)    
Starter  Not more than 2  12 
Grower  Not mo re than 2 12 
Finisher Not mo re than 2 12 
d. Extruded    
Starter  Not more than 2  12 
Grower  Not mo re than 2 12 
Finisher Not mo re than 2 12 
 
4 measured  using a sieve  having m esh size of 16 o penings per square i nch 
5 1 mm and 0.5 mm part icle sizes for fish and prawn/s hrimp, r espectively 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
8 
  
Table 3 – Pellet feed  water stab ility and fl oatabili ty 
 
Pellet feed  type Water stabili ty 
% / minute  Floatabili ty 
% (minim um) 
a. Pellet for fish    
Floater (Extruded) 90% / 45  90 
Slow sinker 90% / 3  106 
Sinker 90% / 3  0 
b. Pellet for 
prawn/shrimp 90% / 1 80  
 
6 most of the feed is  slow sinking 
 
 
5.4.3 Any organic aquaculture feed that does not comply wi th levels in Table  1 is conside red 
supplemental feed and must be l abeled as s uch. 
 
6 Hygiene and  handling  
 
The fin al product shall be free from a ny forei gn mat erial and contamin ants, mic roorganisms 
or substances originati ng from microorganisms, and any oth er subst ances which may pre sent 
a hazard to the  aquaculture spe cies and human health . 
 
7 Packagi ng and labeling  
 
7.1 Packaging  
 
The produ ct shall  be packed  in sacks, bags,  barrels,  boxes, bins,  cans,  canisters  or any other  
containers for feeds and/or feed ingredients that are clean and free from any foreign 
matters or c ontaminants. 
 
7.2 Labeling  
 
7.2.1 All contain ers or packages of organic  aqua feeds, feed ingredients,  specialty feeds 
and other nutrient/feed preparations for s ale or offered for sale shall  bear a complete  label  or 
tag. 
 
7.2.2  Labels shall be attac hed or affixed to the package or to the container in such a way  
that the whole content  of the lab el can be read wit hout detaching it. Labels can also be p rinted 
directly to the cont ainer or pac kage of the feed  product. 
 
7.2.3  Each  label shall  be printed  in English, must  be legible,  clear  and distinct in its 
meaning. Tran slations  in Filipino and other languages shall be allowed provided Engli sh is 
the m ain lan guage used. 
 
7.2.4 Brand name and feed type or class of the feed,  feed ingredient,  feed supple ment, feed  
additive, concentrate, base mix, specialty feed,  special feed nutrient preparation or other  feed 
products shall be printed with the biggest font size and located at the upper front portion  of 
the tag or label.  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
9 
  
7.2.5  Labels shall not contain  any form of advertisement and/or claims  that are false and 
misleading. Any advertise ment containi ng any cl aim that the feed is s uited for all pur poses 
shall not be allowed and shall be c onsidered a misle ading advertisement. 
 
7.2.6  Labels shall be placed on a conspicuous place on the container or pack age showing 
the following informat ion: 
 
a) Brand name or tra demark of the p roduct;  
b) Gene ric name, type or  class and form of the p roduct;  
c) Recommended species and s pecies life sta ge; 
d) Guar anteed analysis of  the pr oduct which incl udes the f ollowing:  
-minimum percent of crude protein; 
 -minimum percent of crude fat;  
-maximum  percent of crude fiber;  
-maximum  percent of moistu re; 
-maximum  percent of a sh; and/or  
-other infor mation relevant to the pr oduct;  
e) Accept ed or official  name of each  and every ingredient used in t he product;  
f) Name and com plete address of t he com pany; 
g) stora ge condition; 
h) Cont rol/Code/Batch/ Lot nu mber; 
i) Date of manufacture (MM/YYYY);  
j) Best Before Date (MM/DD/YY YY); 
k) Net w eight in metric  equivalent; 
l) [Bureau of Animal Industry Re gistration Num ber of the co mpany  and t he product;]  
m) OCB accreditation number issued by BAFS;  
n) Organic certification mark/logo;   
o) Certification number issued by OCB; and  
p) the na me “Product of the P hilippines”. 
       
7.2.7    Label or tag on  each container shall show the plant net weight in kilograms of the feed 
and/or feed  ingredient. Such statements as “50 kilos gr oss” or  “50 kil os when pac ked”, e tc. 
shall  not be all owed. 
 
8 Methods of sampling, examinati on and anal yses 
 
8.1 Method of sampling  
 
Sampling of lots for ph ysico-chemical examination of the product shall be in accordance with  
sampling plans based on  FAO/WHO Co dex Ali mentarius C ommis sion Sam pling Pla ns for 
Prepackaged Foods  (AQL =6.5)  (CAC/RM42-1969). A sample lot (N) shall be the  quantity of  
the product under similar  conditions.  A sample  unit shall be the pri mary cont ainer where  the 
product  is in bulk,  while  the individual feed sack is the sample  unit for retail p ackaged 
products.  
 
8.2 Method of ph ysical examination  
 
Samples taken for physical examinati on shall be as sessed by pe rsons trained in such 
examination and  using  procedures elaborated in 8.3.  
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
10 
 8.3 Methods of anal yses 
 
8.3.1  Proximate  analysis and nutritional comp osition  
 
8.3.1.1  Determina tion of ash (animal f eeds) 
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 42.05, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.1.2  Determina tion of crude fat (an imal feeds)  
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA) , Met hod No. 9 20.39, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.1.3  Determina tion of crude fiber (an imal fee ds) 
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 62.09, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.1.4  Determina tion of crude protein (animal feeds)  
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 68.06, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.1.5  Determina tion of moisture (an imal fe eds) 
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 25.04, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.2  Determina tion of aflatoxins B1 content  
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 75.36, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
8.3.3  Determination of feed floatabili ty 
Accor ding to Meth od of Deter mining Float ability as des cribed in Annex C. 
 
8.3.4  Determina tion of feed water stability 
Accor ding to Meth od of Deter mining Water St ability as d escribed in A nnex B. 
 
8.3.5 Determination of heavy metals  
According to the Codex Recommended Methods of Analysis and Sampling (CODEX STAN 
37 234 -1999) or an equivalent analysis method.  
 
8.3.6 Determina tion of pesticides  
According  to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod Nos. 990.06 and 992.14, 1 8th Ed., Rev. 2, 2007.  
 
8.3.7 Determina tion of vet erinary drugs in feeds  
Accor ding to Association  of Official  Analytical  Chemists  (AOAC)  International  Official  
Meth ods of  Analysis ( OMA), Met hod No. 9 57.23, 18th Ed., Re v. 2, 20 07. 
 
9 Definition of defect ives 
 
The sample unit shall be conside red as defective when it exhibits  any of the properties 
defined below.  
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
11 
  
9.1 Foreign matter  
 
The presence in the sample  unit of any matte r, which has not  been recognized as  feed 
composition (e xcluding packing mate rial), that can cause harm to  the aquaculture spe cies, and 
is readily recognized  without magni fication or is present at a level deter mined by  any method 
including magnification  that indicates non -compliance with go od m anufacturing and 
sanitation practi ces. 
 
9.2 Aflatoxin contaminat ions 
 
Sample unit having a higher level of Aflato xin (B1) of more than 20 ppb at the plant level 
(production  level). 
 
9.3 Veterina ry drugs  
 
The pr esence in the sample u nit of veterinary  drugs i.e. antibiotics.  
 
9.4 Pesticides  
 
The pr esence in the sample u nit of any pes ticide.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
12 
  
Referen ces 
 
The following referenced documents are ind ispensable for the application of this document.  
For dated  references,  only the edition  cited  applies. For undated references,   the   latest   
edition   of   the   referenced   document   (including   any ame ndments)  applies.  
 
A.O. No. 12 s. 2007. Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations on the Registration  of Feed  
Establish ments and Feed Products. Bureau of Ani mal Industry, Department of 
Agricul ture. Quezon City, Phili ppines.  
 
Association of Official Ana lytical Chemists  (AOAC)  International,  2007.  Official  Methods  of 
Analysis.1 8th Ed., Rev. 2 (www.eoma.aoa c.org).  
 
BAFS/PNS 84 -2010. Philippine National Standard for Aquaculture Feeds. Bureau of 
Agriculture and Fisheries  Standards. Department of Agriculture. Diliman, Quezon 
City.  
 
BAFS/PNS 112 -2012. Philippine National Standard for Organic Aquaculture. Bureau of 
Agriculture and Fisheries Standards. Department of Agriculture. Diliman, Quezon 
City.  
 
CAC/GL 80 -2013. Guidelin es on the Application of Risk Assessment for Feed. Food  and  
Agriculture Organization/World Health  Organization  Codex  Alime ntarius  
Commission.  Rome, Italy.  
 
CAC/GL 81 -2013. Guidance for Governments on Prioritizing Hazard in Feeds.  Food and  
Agriculture Organization/World Health  Organization  Codex  Alime ntarius  
Commission.  Rome, Italy.  
 
CAC/RCP  52-2003,  Rev. 2-2005.  Code  of Practice  for Fish and Fishery  Products.  Food   
and  Agriculture  Organization /World   Health   Organization   Codex Alimentari us 
Commiss ion. Rome,  Italy.  
 
C.D.Webster  and C.E. Lim (Eds),  2002.  Nutrient   Require ments and Feeding  of Finfish  for 
Aquaculture.  CABI  Publi shing.10  E 40th Street  Suite  3203,  New York,  NY 10016  
USA.  ISBN  0-85199 -519-5. 
 
CODEX STAN 193 -1995, R ev. 2-2006. Codex Gener al Standard for Contaminants and 
Toxins in Food. Food and Agri culture Organization/World Health Organization  Codex  
Alimentari us Commission.  Rome,  Italy.  
 
CODEX  STAN  107 -1981.  Codex  General  Standard  for  the  Labeling  of  Food Additives  
When  Sold  as  Su ch.  Food  and  Agri culture  Organization/World Health  Organization  
Codex  Alime ntarius  Commission.  Rome, Italy.  
 
FAO, 1995. Technical Papers No. 343. Farm -made Aqua Feeds. ASEAN -EEC Aquaculture 
Development and Coordination Programme . Food and Agricul ture Organiz ation of the 
United Nations. Rome, Italy.  
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
13 
 Herrman T. 2002. Mycotoxin in Feed Grains and Ingredien ts: U.S. Food and Dr ug 
Administration  Guidelines  for  Acceptable  Levels  of  Aflatoxin  in  Food  and Feed.
 Kansas   State   Univer sity   Agric ultural   Experiment   Station   and 
Cooperati ve  Exten sion  Servi ce  and  Department  of  Grain  Science  and Industry.  
 
J.E. Halver  & R.W.  Hardy (Eds), 2002.  Fish Nutrition . 3rd Edition.  Academic  Press.  525 
B Street,  Suite  1900  San Diego  California  92101 -4495  USA.  ISBN  0-12-319652 -3. 
 
Joint A.O. No. 2 s. 2000. Declaring a Ban /Phase -Out of the U se of Nitrofurans in Food -
Producing Animals. Department of  Health/Bureau of Animal Industry, Department  of 
Agriculture. Metro Manila, Philippines.  
 
Joint D.O.H. A.O . No. 4 -A s. 2000 and D.A. A.O. No. 1 s. 2000. Banning and Withdrawal  of 
Olaquind ox  and  Carbadox  from  the  Market.  Department  of Health/Bu reau of 
Animal Industry, Depa rtment of Agriculture. Metro Manila, Philip pines. 
 
Joint D.O.H. A.O. No. 91 s. 1990  and D.A.  A.O. No. 60 s. 1990. Declaring A Ban on the Use 
of Chlorampheni col In Food  Producing Animals. Department of Health/Bu reau of 
Animal Industry, Depa rtment of Agriculture. Metro Manila, Philip pines. 
 
Millamena,  O.M., Coloso, R.M., and Pa scual, F.P. 2002. N utrition in Tropic al Aquaculture. 
Essentials of fish nutrit ion, feeds, and feeding of tropical specie s. Aquaculture 
Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries  Develop ment Cente r. Tigbauan,  Iloilo,  
Philippines  
 
Nutrient  Requirements  of Fish.  Committee  on Animal Nutrition.  Board  on Agriculture.  
National  Research  Council.  NATIONAL  ACADEMY  PRESS  Washington,  D.C.  
1993.  
 
Philippine  Veterinary  Drug  Directory  2006.  8th Edition,  pp. 411. 
 
Rouba ch, R.  et al., 2006.  European  Aquaculture  Society and World Aquaculture  Society – 
Aqua 2006. Physi cal, Chemical and Biological Evaluation of Commercial Fish Feeds 
in Amazonas State (PowerPoint Presentati on). Aquaculture Department. Instituto 
Nacional des Pesquisas da Amazonia. Amazonas,  Brazil.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
14 
 Annex  A 
 
Banned d rugs (as of  2009)    
 
 
Drug   
Adminis trative 
Order   
Subject   
Date 
 
Clenbuterol, 
Salbutamol, 
Terbut alin, 
Pirbuterol  
No. 14, S eries of  
2003 (Dep artment of  
Agriculture)   
Ban on the  use in food 
animals of beta -agonist 
drugs used in h uman 
as br onchodilators  and 
tocolytic agents.   
May 12, 2003 
 
Furaltadone, 
Furazol idone, 
Nitro furazone  
No. 2, Se ries of 2000 
(Dept. of Agric ulture & 
Dept. of H ealth)  
Declaring a ban/ phase- 
out of the use of 
nitrofu rans in food - 
producing animals.  
August 17,  
2000 
 
Carbadox, 
Olaquindox  
No. 60, S eries of  
2000 (Dept. 
Agriculture) No. 4 -A, 
Series of 2 000 (Dept. 
of Health)   
Ban and withdr awal of 
Olaquindox and 
Carbadox from the 
market.  
January 11, 
2000 
 
Chloramphenicol   
No. 60, S eries of  
1990 (Dept. 
Agriculture) No. 91,  
Series of 1 990 (Dept. 
of Health   
Declaring a ban on the 
use of c hloramphenicol 
in food-producing 
animals.   
April 30, 1 990 
 
Sour ce: Phili ppine Vet erinary Drug Directory, 8th Edition, 2006, pp. 411 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
15 
  
Annex  B 
 
Method of determining  water stabili ty 
 
(Sou rce: SEAFD EC AQD May 2002. Nut rition in Tr opical Aquaculture. 
Essentials  of Fish Nut rition, F eeds, and Fe eding of Tro pical Aquatic Species)  
 
 
1. Wire baskets are totally  oven-dried  at 100 °C (1-3 h), co oled in a dessicator, a nd 
weig hed to  const ant weight. 
 
2. A certain amount of feed ( about 5  g) with kn own moistu re cont ent is then plac ed 
in the wire  basket. 
 
3. The wire baskets wi th feed are then allowed to  stay in the  water under conditions 
similar to t hose of the experim ental tanks at d esignated times (2, 4, 6, and 8 h).  
 
4. The wire baskets are t hen oven-dried, co oled in a des sicator, and  weigh ed to 
const ant weight. 
 
5.        Percent dry  weight lo ss is cal culated after subt racting the basket wei ght. 
 
6. Percent wa ter stability is then c omputed  as: 
Fo 
% Water  stability =            x 100  
Io 
 
where: 
 
Io is the i nitial dry  weight of feed; a nd 
 
Fo is the fi nal dry  weight of feed.  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
16 
  
 
 
Annex C  
 
Method of determining feed floatabili ty 
 
 
(Sou rce: E uropean Aquaculture S ociety a nd World Aquaculture S ociety – Aqua  2006. 
Physical, Che mical and Biological Evaluati on of 
Commercial Fish Fe eds in Ama zonas State)  
 
 
1.      Percent feed float ability  can be determin ed using the equation: 
 
100 – immerse pell ets 
% Feed flo atability =                                              x 100 
        100 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD                                          PNS/BAFPS ___ : 2016  
Organic Aquaculture  Feeds  
 
 4th Draft as of 20 January 2016  
 
17