CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY  
59 Camelot Drive  
Ottawa, Ontario  
K1A 0Y9 (Tel: 613 -225-2342; Fax: 613 -228-6602)  D-13-03 
EFFECTIVE DA TE 
August  4, 2014  
(Original)  
Title:  Phytosanitary import requirements to prevent the introduction of Lobesia botrana , the 
European grapevine moth  
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUBJECT:  
  
This directive outlines  the phytosanitary import requirements  for plant s and  plant parts t o prevent 
the introduction of Lobesia botrana , the European grapevine moth  (EGVM) , into Canada.  
   
 
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Page 1 of 17 
 Table of contents  
 
Review…………………  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  2 
Endorsement.  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 2 
Amendment record ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  2 
Distribution list  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  2 
Introduction ……..  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
Scope……….  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 3 
References…………  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  3 
Definitions, abbreviations a nd acronyms  ................................ ................................ ........................  4 
1.0 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  4 
1.1 Legislative authority  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  4 
1.2 Fees................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 4 
1.3 Regulated pests  ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  4 
1.4 Commodities regulated under this directive ................................ ................................ ..... 4 
1.5 Commodities exempted  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 5 
1.6 Regulated areas  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  5 
2.0 Risk mitigation measures  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  5 
2.1 Bilateral agreement and Phytosanitary Management System (systems approach)  ..........  6 
2.2 Pest-free area (PFA)  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  6 
2.3 Treatment  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  6 
3.0 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  7 
3.1 Requirements applied to regulated countries other than the U. S. ................................ .... 8 
3.2 Requirements applied to regulated areas of the U.S.  ................................ .......................  9 
4.0 Non-compliance  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  11 
5.0 Appendices ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  11 
Appendix 1: Commodities regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  ..............  12 
Append ix 2:  Areas regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  .........................  14 
Appendix 3:  Countries which have a bilateral arrangement with the CFIA for Lobesia botrana  
(European grapevine moth)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 16 
Appendix 4:  Schedule for fumigation with methyl bromide for Lobesia botrana  (European 
grapevine moth)  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  17   
 
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 Review  
 
This directive will be updated as required. For further information or clarification, please contact 
the Canadian Food Inspection Agency  (CFIA) .  
 
Endorsement  
 
Approved by:  
 
                              
 
___________________________  
Chief Plant Health Officer  
 
Amendment record  
 
Amendments to this di rective will be dated and distributed as outlined in the distribution list 
below.  
 
Distribution list  
 
1. Directive mail list (CFIA regional offices, CFIA Plant Health Risk Assessment Unit, United 
States Department of Agriculture)  
2. Provincial government, industry (determined by author)  
3. National industry organizations (determined by author)  
4. Internet  
 
Introduction  
 
Lobesia botrana  is predominantly  a pest of grapes  and reduces both grape yields and quality  in 
all areas of the world where it is present.  The larvae feed directly on the fruit ; this  increases the 
fruits ’ susceptibility to fungi, particularly  to Aspergillus spp. and Botrytis cinerea .  
 
Lobesia  botrana  is a polyphagous insect which has a wide range of alternate hosts. This allows 
for the survi val of the insect during periods when grapes are not available for feeding.  
 
The various life stages of L. botrana  can be transported over long distances , most commonly as 
eggs on the stems of infested plant material  or as larvae within fruits  and fruit cl usters . In both 
cases, this insect is difficult to detect by visual inspection.  
 
Lobesia  botrana  is present in  most  of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, as well as in 
Chile , Kenya and Japan. L. botrana  is not established in North America, although  it was detected    
 
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 in California  in 2009  and is under eradication. This insect is a quarantine pest for Canada and 
several other countries, including the United States ( U.S.) and Mexico.  
 
Lobesia  botrana  could survive in Canada’s major grape -growing areas  (southern Ontario and 
parts of British Columbia) where it is anticipated that it would have a significant negative impact 
on grape yields. If this insect were to establish  in Canada , it would also impact  Canada’s ability 
to export L. botrana  host material  to countries where  L. botrana  is a regulated  pest. 
 
Scope   
 
This directive is intended for those wishing to import regulated commodities  from countries 
where L. botrana  is present.  It is also intended for use by  Canadian Food Inspection Agency 
(CFIA ) staff, the Ca nada Border Services Agency and National Plant Protection Organizations 
(NPPOs).  
 
References  
 
D-01-06: Canadian phytosanitary policy for notification of non-compliance and emergency 
action . CFIA, Ottawa.  
 
D-08-04: Plant protection import requirements  for plants and plant parts for planting.  CFIA, 
Ottawa.  
 
D-95-08: General import requirements for fresh temperate fruits from the world. CFIA, Ottawa.  
 
D-94-34: Import Requirements for Grapevine Propagative Material.  CFIA, Ottawa.  
 
Federal Order – Domestic  Quara ntine for  Lobesia botrana  (European Grapevine Moth).  USDA -
APHIS.  
 
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 4: Requirements for the establishment 
of pest free areas.  International Plant Protection Convention, 1996.  
 
International Stand ard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 14:  The use of integrated measures in 
a systems approach for pest risk management . International Plant Protection Convention, 2002.  
 
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 29: Recognition of pest fre e areas and 
areas of low pest prevalence.  International Plant Protection Convention, 2007.  
 
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 32: Categorization of commodities 
according to their pest risk.  International Plant Protection Convention,  2009.  
   
 
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Definitions, abbreviations and acronyms  
 
Definitions for terms used in the present document can be found in the Plant Health and 
Biosecurity Directorate Glossary of Terms at 
www.inspection.gc.ca/english/plaveg/protect/dir/glosterme.shtml  or the the International 
Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM 5) Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms (2013)  at 
www.ippc. int 
 
 
1.0 General requirements  
 
1.1 Legislative authority  
 
Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees Notice , Canada Gazette,  Part I  
 (05/13/2000)  
Plant Protection Act  (1990, c.22)  
Plant Protection Regulations  (SOR/95 -212) 
 
1.2 Fees  
 
The CFIA charges fees in accordance wi th the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees 
Notice . For information regarding fees associated with imported products, please contact 
the C FIA’s National Import Service Centre at 
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/food/imports/commercial -
importers/nisc/eng/1364059150360/1364059265637  . For any  other information 
regarding fees, please  contact any local CFIA office or  visit our Fees Notice website at 
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/reg/cfiaacia/feesfrais/feesfraise.shtml  . 
 
1.3 Regulated pests  
 
Lobesia botrana  (Denis and Schifferm üller) 
 
Common names: European grap evine moth, grape berry moth, grape fruit moth, vine 
moth, grape vine moth, Mediterranean vine moth, grape leaf -roller, grape moth . 
 
1.4 Commodities regulated under this directive  
 
 Grapevines (Vitis spp.)  
 
 Fresh grapes ( Vitis spp.)  
   
 
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  Unfermented grape pomace  for uses other than human consumption, e.g. fertilizer, 
fodder, combustion , etc. (Vitis spp.)  
 
 Plants for planting, fresh herbs, and fresh fruits identified as pathways for the 
introduction  of L. botrana , as per  Appendix 1 . 
 
 Used bins and conveyances origina ting from regulated areas.  
  
1.5 Commodities exempted  
  
 The following Vitis spp. products : 
o grape must  
o fermented grape pomace  
o unfermented grape pomace intended for human consumption   
o wine 
o grape juice  
o raisins  (dried grapes)  
 
 Products containing or made from r egulated taxa (as per Appendix 1) that have 
been p rocessed  to the point where the commodity does not remain capable of being 
infested with L. botrana  (e.g., sliced, peeled, pureed, cooked, pickled, canned, 
frozen, dried , roasted,  pasteurized , etc. ). 
 
1.6 Regulat ed areas  
 
See Appendix 2 for the  list of regulated areas . 
 
Note:  Material listed in this directive that doe s not originate from the areas  listed in 
Appendix 2 may be  subject to import requirements listed in other directives. Refer to the 
following link for  the list of CFIA directives:  
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/plants/plant -
protection/directives/horticulture/eng/1312230684400/131223112 7174  
 
 
2.0 Risk mitigation measures  
 
Sections 2.1 through 2.3 describe the L. botrana  risk mitigation measures that may be 
required  in order to import regulated articles into Canada from regulated areas . Section 3  
details which of these measures are required , depending on  the product and the 
area/country of origin.   
 
 
   
 
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 2.1 Bilateral agreement and Phytosanitary Management System ( systems approach ) 
 
Regulated commodities may be imported to Canada under  a bilateral agree ment with the 
exporting country. A bilateral ag reement may include  a systems approach , provided it 
conforms to international guidelines  as per  International Standard for Phytosanitary 
Measure ( ISPM ) 14: The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk 
management ”, and is approved by the CFIA.   
 
The CFIA will evaluate  any proposed  systems approach and determine whether it meets  
Canada’s import requirements. If so, the CFIA will grant approval of the program, in  
writing, to the National Plant Protection Organisation ( NPPO ) of the exporti ng country . 
 
Appendix 3  lists countries  that have a bilateral agreement with the CFIA for L. botrana  or 
that have implemented CFIA -approved integrated measures in a  systems approach in 
order to manage the risk of  L. botrana , and which may export regulated articles to 
Canada  under this option .    
 
 
2.2 Pest-free area  (PFA)  
 
The NPPO of an exporting country that is regulated for L. botrana may determine that 
certain portions of its territory are free from L. botrana , according to ISPM 4: 
Requirements for the esta blishment of pest free areas . The NPPO must provide the CFIA 
with information demonstrating that the appropriate guidelines described in the ISPM  
have been met. The CFIA will review the information and determine whether to 
recognize the PFAs  as per ISPM 29 : Recognition of pest free areas and areas of low pest 
prevalence.  
 
 
 
2.3 Treatment  
 
The only treatment  currently approved by the CFIA against L. botran a is fumigation with 
methyl bromide . The treatment sc hedule is provided in Appendix 4 .  
 
Note:  As a signator y to the Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Substances that 
Deplete the Ozone Layer  (Montreal Protocol , 1987), Canada is phasing out the 
use of methyl bromide for quarantine purpose. Exporting countries are 
encouraged to submit data supporting the effica cy of alternatives to methyl 
bromide fumigation to the CFIA for review. These alternatives can include, for 
example, fumigation using other products .  
 
   
 
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 3.0 Specific requirements  
 
Note:   Requirements are reviewed and revised periodically to address changes in pest 
status and distribution. It is the importer’s responsibility to verify requirements 
prior to importation.  
 
In addition to the requirements outlined in this directive , other requirements related to  the 
import of fresh fruit s or plants for planting mate rial may also apply. It is the importer’s 
responsibility to ensure that the shipment meets  all of  Canada’s requirements prior to 
import.  Fresh fruits and plants for planting that have not previously been imported to 
Canada from new sources  are subject to  a pest risk analysis prior to being considered for 
importation.  For more information, please consult:  
 
 Fresh fruit  
 
D-95-08: General import requirements for fresh temperate fruits from the world  
 
Plants for planting  
 
D-08-04: Plant protection import requirements for plants and plant parts for 
planting  
 
Note:  Grapevines are prohibited entry to Canada, except from approved  sources. Please 
refer to  D-94-34: Import Requirements for Grapevine Propagative Material  for 
additional information .   
 
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3.1 Requirements appli ed to r egulated countries other than the U.S.    
 Countries regulated by Canada for L. botrana  are listed in Appendix  2. 
 
Commodity  Requirements  
 Fresh grapes 
(Vitis  spp.) 
and other 
regulated 
fresh fruit  
 
 Unfermented  
grape (Vitis 
spp.) pomace 
imported for 
uses other 
than human 
consumption  1. The material must be produced under a  CFIA -approved  systems approach 
(see section 2.1 ). A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the following 
additional declaration is required:  
“The material was produced under a CFIA -approve d systems approach 
and was inspected and found free from Lobesia botrana  (European 
grapevine moth).”  
OR 
2. The material must be produced in a CFIA -approved PFA (see section 2.2 ). 
A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the following additional declaration is 
required: 
“The material was produced in an area free from Lobesia botrana  
(European grapevine moth) as specified in ISPM 4.”  
OR 
3. The material must be fumigated (see section 2.3 ). A Phytosanitary 
Certificate describing the details of the fumigation in the tr eatment section 
is required.  
Other r egulated 
plants and plant 
parts   
(see Appendix I)  
 
 Plants for planting must be free of all flowers and fruit.  
1. The material must be produced under a CFIA -approved systems approach 
(see section 2.1 ). A Phytosanitary Cert ificate listing the following 
additional declaration is required:  
“The material was produced under a CFIA -approved systems approach 
and was inspected and found free from Lobesia botrana  (European 
grapevine moth).”  
OR 
2. The material must be produced in a CFIA-approved PFA (see section 2.2 ). 
A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the following additional declaration is 
required:  
“The material was produced in an area free from Lobesia botrana  
(European grapevine moth) as specified in ISPM 4.”  
OR 
3. The material m ust be fumigated (see section 2.3 ). A Phytosanitary 
Certificate describing the details of the fumigation in the treatment section is   
 
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 required.  
Containers  and 
conveyances  Must be new or  cleaned in a manner that addresses risks from regulated plant 
pests an d removes all organic matter, soil and /or soil-related matter.  
 
 
 
3.2 Requirements applied to r egula ted areas of the U .S. 
 
In addition to the requirements listed in the table below, surveys must be conducted to 
determine the extent of the infestation.  
 
For a  list of all the regulated areas in the U .S., please refer to the latest version of 
USDA’s  Federal Order “Domestic Quarantine  for Lobesia botrana  (European Grapevine 
Moth) ”, which can be found at: 
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/eg_m oth/regulatory_info.shtml .  
 
Commodity  Requirements  
Fresh grapes 
(Vitis spp.) and 
other regulated 
fresh fruit  
 1. The material must be produced according to the requirements of the USDA 
Federal Order “ Domestic Quarantine for Lobesia botrana  (European 
Grapevi ne Moth) ” 
A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the following additional declaration is 
required:  
“The consignment was inspected and found free of European g rapevine 
moth, Lobesia botrana .” 
OR 
The material must be fumigated (see section 2.3 ). A Phytosanitary  Certificate 
describing the details of the fumigation in the treatment section is required.  
Note:   Fumigation  is mandatory for bulk  grapes/grapes for crush . 
Unfermented 
grape pomace 
for uses other 
than human 
consumption  
 
 1. If L. botrana  has been detected w ithin 200 metres  of the production site or 
packing facility, the material must be treated with a CFIA -approved 
treatment  for L. botrana . A Phytosanitary Certificate indicating the 
treatment details is required.  
OR 
2. If L. botrana  has NOT  been detected within  200 metres  of the production 
site or packing facility, the material must be inspected  prior to crushing  and 
found free of all life stages of L. botrana . A Phytosanitary Certificate   
 
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 indicating the following additional declaration is required:  
“The consignm ent was inspected and found free from European 
grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana .” 
Grapevines  
(Vitis spp.) A Phytosanitary Certificate describing the details of the fumigation in the 
treatment section is required . The following additional declaration is re quired:  
“The consignment was inspected and found free from European 
grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana .” 
 
1. Plants must be free of all flowers and fruit.  Plants must be visually 
inspected and found free from L. botrana . 
   AND  
2a. Dormant grapevines must be treated  with a hot water dip for at least 5 
minutes at 52.7oC (127oF).  
OR 
2b. Non-dormant grapevines must be treated with a CFIA -approved treatment.  
Olive plants  
(Olea spp.) A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the following additional declaration is 
required:  
“The consignment was inspected and found free from European 
grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana .” 
 
1. Plants must be free of all flowers and fruit.  Plants must be visually 
inspected and found free from L. botrana . 
OR 
2. Plants must be treated with a CFIA -approved tr eatment  for L. botrana . 
Treatment details must be included on the Phytosanitary Certificate . Plants 
must be visually inspected and found free from L. botrana . 
Other r egulated 
plants and plant 
parts  
(see Appendix I)  A Phytosanitary Certificate listing the  following additional declaration is 
required:  
“The consignment was inspected and found free from European 
grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana .” 
Containers  and 
conveyances  Must be either new or cleaned in a manner that addresses risks from regulated 
plant pes ts and removes all organic matter, soil and soil -related matter.  
 
 
   
 
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 4.0 Non-compliance  
 
Imported consignments may be inspected by the CFIA and must meet all requirements 
when they reach first point of arrival in Canada. Consignments will be refused entry, an d 
removed from Canada or disposed of, if they do not meet requirements or are found to be 
infested with any pests of quarantine concern. Treatment may be ordered prior to disposal 
to prevent the spread of pests. The importer is responsible for all costs re lating to 
treatment, disposal or removal. The CFIA will advise the NPPO  of the country of origin 
of any non -compliance with any conditions outlined in this directive as per directive “D-
01-06: Canadian phytosanitary policy for notification of non-complianc e and emergency 
action ”.  
 
5.0 Appendices  
 
Appendix 1:   Commodities regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
 
Appendix 2:   Areas regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
   2a:  Counties in the U.S. State of California and count y identification code 
information  
   2b:  Regulated  countries  other than the United States  
   
Appendix 3:   Countries which have  a bilateral agreement  with the CFIA  for Lobesia 
botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
 
Appendix 4:   Schedule for fumigation with me thyl bromide for Lobesia botrana  
(European grapevine moth)    
 
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 Appendix 1:  Commodities regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
 
Note:   Fruits, plants and plant parts of all the taxa listed below are regulated for Lobesia botrana  
(European gra pevine moth)  
 
Highest risk pathway : 
 
 
 
 
 
Secondary  pathways : Scientific name  Common name  
Vitis spp. grape, grapevine  
Scientific name  Common name  
Actinidia  spp. kiwi/Chinese gooseberry  
Berberis vulgaris  European barberry  
Clematis vitalba  old man’s bea rd 
Daphne gnidium  spurge flax  
Dianthus spp. carnation  
Diospyros spp. persimmon  
Galium mollugo   false baby’s breath  
Hypericum calycinum  St. John’s wort  
Ligustrum vulgare  European privet  
Olea europaea  olive (except olive fruit ) 
Prunus  spp. stone frui t, including apricot, cherry, nectarine, 
peach and plum 
Punica granatum  pomegranate  
Rhus glabra  smooth sumac  
Ribes spp. currant, gooseberry  
Rosmarinus officinalis  rosemary  
Rubus caesius  European dewberry  
Rubus fructicosus  European blackberry  
Silene vulgaris  bladder campion  
Trifolium pr atense  red clover    
 
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 Urginea maritima  sea squill  
Vaccinium spp. blueberry  
Ziziphus jujuba  jujube    
 
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 Appendix 2:   Areas regulated for Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
 
2a. Counties in the U.S. State of California and county identification code information  
 
For the  list of all the regulated areas in the United States, p lease refer to the latest version 
of the USDA’s  Federal Order  “Domestic Quarantine for Lobesia botrana (European 
Grapevine Moth )”, which can be found at: 
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/eg_moth/regulatory_info.shtml .  
 
Note:   The number in brackets indicates the county number as assigned by the California 
Department of Food  and Agricu lture. This number will appear inside  a diamond -shaped 
symbol on all packaging of secondary pathway  fruit produced or packed in a quarantine 
county  (Figure  1).   
 
 Napa (28)  
 Solano ( 48) 
 
Note:   While eradication was declared for  Solano County  in 2012 , porti ons of the county are 
located w ithin 3 miles of a Lobesia botrana  site in the neighbouring Napa County. 
Regulated pathways originating from these locations are subject to the same import 
requirements than other regulated counties.  
 
 
Figure 1.  Diamond -shaped stamp used by State officials to certify fruit shipping cartons 
originating from counties where regulated areas exit. Source: Phytosanitary advisory 
No. 10 -2010, California Department of Agriculture.  
 
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 2b. Regulated countries  other than the United States  
 
 
 Algeria  
 Argentina  
 Armenia  
 Austria  
 Azerbaijan  
 Belgium  
 Bosnia and Herzegovina  
 Bulgaria  
 Chile  
 Crete  
 Croatia  
 Cyprus  
 Czech Republic  
 Denmark  
 Egypt  
 Ethiopia  
 France  
 Georgia  
 Germany  
 Greece  
 Hungary  
 Iran 
 Iraq 
 Israel  
 Italy 
 Japan  
 Jordan   Kazakhstan  
 Kenya  
 Lebanon  
 Libya 
 Lithuania  
 Luxemburg  
 Macedonia  
 Malta  
 Moldova  
 Montenegro  
 Morocco  
 Poland  
 Portugal  
 Russia  
 Serbia  
 Slovakia  
 Slovenia  
 Spain  
 Switzerland  
 Syria  
 Tajikistan  
 Turkey  
 Turkmenistan  
 Ukraine  
 United Kingdom  
 Uzbekistan  
   
 
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 Appendix 3:  Countries which have  a bilateral arran gement  with the CFIA for 
Lobesia botrana  (European grapevine moth)  
 
 
 Japan  
 
 United States  
 
   
 
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 Appendix 4:  Schedule for fumigation with methyl bromide for Lobesia botrana  
(European grapevine moth)  
 
      
Shipments must be fumigated as described below at no rmal atmospheric pressure.  
 
 
Temperature  Methyl bromide 
dosage rate  Minimum concentration readings at:  
0.5 hr  2 hrs  
°C °F g/m3 g oz g oz 
27 or above  80 or above  24 19 19 14 14 
21 - 26 70 - 79 32 26 26 19 19 
16 - 20 60 - 69 40 32 32 24 24 
10 - 15 50 - 59 48 38 38 29 29 
5 - 9 41 - 49 64 48 48 38 38