COMMISSION REGUL ATION (EU) No 592/2014 
of 3 June 2014 
amending Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 as regards the use of animal by-products and derived 
products as a fuel in combustion plants 
(Text with EEA relevance) 
THE EUR OPEAN COMMISSION, 
Having regar d to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, 
Having regar d to Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 
laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consump tion and 
repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 (Animal by-products Regulation) (1), and in particular Article 15(1)(d), 
Article 15(1)(e), the second subparagraph of Article 15(1), point (h) of the first paragraph of Article 27, point (i) of the 
first paragraph of Article 27, the second subparagraph of Article 27 and the second subparagraph of Article 45(4) 
thereof, 
Whereas: 
(1)  Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 lays down public and animal health rules for animal by-products and derived 
products, in order to prevent and minimise risks to public and animal health arising from those products. It cate ­
gorises those products into specific categor ies which reflect the level of such risks and provides for requirements 
on their safe use and disposal. 
(2)  Commission Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 (2) lays down implementing rules for Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, 
including rules on the use and disposal of manure. 
(3)  Poultr y manure is produced as an integral part of on-farm breeding and rear ing of poultr y whic h can be used 
onsite without prior treatment as fuel for combustion, provided relevant environmental and health protection 
requirements are compl ied with and the specific use will not cause adverse envi ronmental or human health 
impacts. 
(4)  Combustion plants using poultr y manure as fuel are to take the necessar y hygiene measures to prevent spread of 
possible pathogens. Those measures must also include the handling of waste water originat ed from storage place 
of poultr y manure. 
(5)  Residues from the combustion of poultr y manure, primar ily ashes, are a rich source of minerals that may be 
harvested for the production of mineral fertilisers and the Commission is currently developing Union legislation 
for such residues. It is theref ore appropr iate to provide for the possibility to mak e use of the combustion residues 
rather than to dispose of them as waste. 
(6)  At this stage, the Commission has only been provided with compre hensive evidence whereby technology has 
been developed to use poultr y manure as fuel for combustion on farms without adverse effects on the environ ­
ment and or human health. In the case that evidence becomes available to the Commission concluding that the 
use of manure of other species as fuel for combustion could be carried out by ensur ing an equivalent level of 
health and environmental protection, the relevant provisions of the Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 may be 
reviewed according ly. 
(7)  In order to ensure the lawfulness of the further use of poultr y manure as a fuel in combustion plants, additional 
environmental and health prote ction requirements for this specifi c use should be laid down in order to prevent 
adverse environmental or human health impacts. 
(8)  Harmonised requirements addressing, in a holistic way, the control of risks for human and animal health and the 
environment arising from the use of manure as a fuel in on-farm combustion plants would also facilitate the 
development of technologies for combustion plants using poultr y manure on-farm as a sustainable source of fuel. 4.6.2014 L 165/33 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     
(1)OJ L 300, 14.11.2009, p. 1. 
(2)Commission Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 of 25 Febr uary 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parlia ­
ment and of the Council laying down health rules as regar ds animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consump ­
tion and implement ing Council Directive 97/78/EC as regar ds certain samples and items exemp t from veterinar y chec ks at the border 
under that Directive (OJ L 54, 26.2.2011, p. 1). (9)  It is theref ore oppor tune to amend Article 6 of Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 in order to provide additional 
requirements for the use of animal by-products and derived products as a fuel in combustion plants. 
(10) Com pliance by the operators with certain environmental standards refer red to in this Regulation should be veri­
fied by or on behalf of the compet ent author ity. 
(11)  The processing standards as descr ibed in point F of Section 2 of Chapt er IV of Annex IV to Regulation (EU) 
No 142/2011 for ther mal boilers have been appro ved as altern ative method in accordance with Article 20 of 
Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009. It is possible to apply those standards, with the necessar y adap tations, also to the 
combustion of animal fats as fuel in stationar y internal combustion engines. 
(12)  Annex III to Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 should theref ore be amended according ly. 
(13)  For the application of this Regulation it is necessar y to introduce requirements for official controls regarding the 
combustion of animal fats and poultr y manure as a fuel. Annex XVI to Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 should 
theref ore be amended according ly. 
(14)  The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committ ee on 
the Food Chain and Animal Health, and neither the European Parliament nor the Council has opposed them, 
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGUL ATION: 
Article 1 
Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 is amended as follows: 
(1)  Article 6 is amended as follows: 
(a)  the title of Article 6 is replaced by the following: 
‘Article 6 
Disposal by incineration, disposal or reco very by co-incineration and use as a fuel for combus tion’ 
(b)  the following paragraphs are added: 
‘6. Operato rs shall ensure that combustion plants other than those referred to in Section 2 of Chapt er IV of 
Annex IV, under their control in whic h animal by-products or derived products are used as a fuel, compl y with 
the general conditions and specific requirements set out in Chapt ers IV and V of Annex III respectively and are 
appro ved by the compet ent author ity in accordance with Article 24(1)(d) of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009. 
7. The compet ent author ity shall only appro ve combustion plants refer red to in paragraph 6 for the use of 
animal by-products and derived products as fuel for combustion, provided that: 
(a)  the combustion plants fall within the scope of Chapt er V of Annex III hereto; 
(b)  the combustion plants comply with all the relevant general conditions and specific requirements set out in 
Chapt ers IV and V of Annex III hereto; 
(c)  administrative procedures are in place to ensure that the requirements for the appro val of the combustion 
plants are check ed annually . 
8. For the use of poultr y manure as a fuel for combustion as set out in Chapt er V of Annex III, the following 
rules shall apply in addition to those referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article: 
(a)  the application for appro val that is submitted by the operat or to the compet ent author ity in accordance with 
Article 24(1)(d) of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 must contain evidence certified by the compet ent 
author ity or by a professional organisation author ised by the compet ent author ities of the Member State, 
that the combustion plant in which the poultr y manure is used as a fuel fully meets the emission limit values 
and monit oring requirements set out in point 4 of Section B of Chapt er V of Annex III hereto; 4.6.2014 L 165/34 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     (b)  the procedure for appro val provided for in Article 44 of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 shall not be 
compl eted until at least two consecutive checks, one of them unannounced, have been carried out by the 
compet ent author ity or by a professional organisation author ised by that author ity, during the first six 
months of the operating of the combustion plant, including the necessar y temperature and emission 
measurements. After the results of those checks showed compliance with the parameters set out in point 4 
of Section B of Chapt er V of Annex III hereto, full appro val can be granted.’ 
(2)  Annexes III and XVI are amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation. 
Article 2 
For a transitional period of two years after the date refer red to in the first paragraph of Article 3, Member States may 
allow the operation of combustion plants using rendered fats or poultr y manure as a fuel that have been appro ved 
under national legislation. 
Article 3 
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the 
European Union. 
It shall apply from 15 July 2014. 
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member State s. 
Done at Brussels, 3 June 2014. 
For the Commission 
The Presid ent 
José Manuel BARR OSO  4.6.2014 L 165/35 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     ANNEX 
Annex es III and XVI to Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 are amended as follows: 
(1)  Annex III is amended as follows: 
(a)  the title of Annex III is replaced by the following: 
‘ANNEX III 
DISPOSAL, RECO VER Y AND USE AS A FUEL ’ 
(b)  the following Chapt ers IV and V are added: 
‘CHAPTER IV 
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE OF ANIMAL BY-PRODUCTS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS AS A FUEL 
Section 1 
General requirements regarding the combus tion of animal by-products and derived products as a fuel 
1.  Operators of combustion plants referred to in Article 6(6) shall ensure that the following conditions are met 
in the combustion plants under their control: 
(a)  Animal by-products and derived products intende d to be used as a fuel must be utilised for that purpose 
as soon as possible or safely stored until used. 
(b)  The combustion plants must have in place appropr iate measures to ensure that cleaning and disinf ection 
of containers and vehicles are carried out in a designat ed area of their premises from whic h the waste ­
water can be collect ed and disposed of in accordance with Union legislation, to avoid risks of contamina ­
tion of the environment. 
By way of derogat ion from the requirements set out in the first subparagraph, containers and vehicles 
used for the transpor t of rendered fats may be cleaned and disinfect ed at the plant of loading or at any 
other plant appro ved or registered under Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009. 
(c)  The combustion plants must be locat ed on a well-drained hard standing. 
(d) The combustion plants must have appropr iate measures in place for the prot ection against pests. A docu ­
mented pest control programme must be used for that purpose. 
(e)  Staff must have access to adequate facilities for personal hygiene such as lavat ories, changing rooms and 
washbasins, if necessar y, to prevent risks of contamination of equipment for handling of farmed animals 
or their feedstuffs. 
(f) Cleaning and disinfection procedures, must be established and documented for all parts of the combus ­
tion plant. Suitable equipment and cleaning agents must be provided for cleaning. 
(g) Hygiene control must include regular inspections of the environment and equipment. Inspection sche ­
dules and results must be documente d and retained for a period of at least two years. 
(h)  Where rendered fats are used as a fuel for combustion in stationar y intern al combustion engines locat ed 
within appro ved or register ed food or feed processing plants, the processing of food or feed on the same 
site must take place under strict conditions of separation. 
2.  Operators of the combustion plants shall take all necessar y precautions concer ning the recep tion of animal 
by-products or derived products to prevent or limit as far as practicable, risks to human or animal health and 
the environment. 
3.  Animals must not have access to the combustion plant or to the animal by-products and derived products 
awaiting combustion or the ash resulting from the combustion. 4.6.2014 L 165/36 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     4.  Where the combustion plant is located on a holding keeping animals of food producing species: 
(a)  there must be total physical separation between the combustion equipment and the animals including 
their feed and bedding; 
(b)  equipment must be dedicat ed entirely to the operation of the combustion plant and not used elsewhere 
on the holding unless it had been effectively cleaned and disinf ected before such use; 
(c)  personnel working in the combustion plant must change their outer clothing and footwear and take 
personal hygi ene measures before handling animals on this or any other holding or their feed or bedding 
mat erial. 
5.The animal by-products and derived products that are awaitin g combustion as a fuel and the combustion resi­
dues must be store d in a closed and covered dedicat ed area, or in covered and leak -proof containers. 
6.  The combustion of animal by-products or derived products shall be carried out under conditions whic h 
prevent cross-contamination of feed for animals. 
Section 2 
Operating conditions of combus tion plants 
1.  Combustion plants must be designed, built, equipped and operat ed in such a way that even under the most 
unfa vourable conditions the animal by-products and derived products are treated for at least for 2 seconds at 
a temperature of 850 °C or for at least 0,2 seconds at a temperature of 1 100 °C. 
2.  The gas resulting from the process is raised in a controlled and homog eneous fashion for 2 seconds to a 
temperature of 850 °C or for 0,2 seconds to a temperature of 1 100 °C. 
The temperature must be measured near the inner wall or at another representative point of the combustion 
chamber , as author ised by the compet ent author ity. 
3.  Automated techniques shall be used to monitor the parameter s and conditions relevant to the combustion 
process. 
4.  Temperature measurement results shall be recorded automatical ly and presented in an appropr iate fashion to 
enable the compet ent author ity to verify compl iance with the permitted operating conditions refer red to in 
points 1 and 2 in accordance with procedures to be decided upon by the relevant author ity. 
5.  The operator of a combustion plant shall ensure that the fuel is combust ed in such a way that the total 
organic carbon content of the slags and bottom ashes is less than 3 % or their loss on ignition is less than 
5 % of the dry weight of the mater ial. 
Section 3 
Combust ion residues 
1.  Combustion residues shall be minimised in their amount and harmfulness. Such residues must be reco vered, 
or where it is not appropr iate, disposed of or used in accordance with relevant Union legislation. 
2.  The transpor t and intermediate storage of dry residues, including dust, shall take place in closed containers or 
in another way which prevents dispersal into the environment. 
Section 4 
Breakdo wn or abnor mal operating conditions 
1.  The combustion plant shall be equipped with facilities which automa tically shut down operations in the case 
of a breakdo wn or abnor mal operating conditions until normal operations can be resumed. 
2.  Incomplet ely combuste d animal by-products and derived products must be combusted again or disposed of 
by means refer red to in Articles 12, 13 and 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 other than disposal in an 
author ised landfill. 4.6.2014 L 165/37 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     CHA PTER V 
TYPES OF PLANTS AND FUELS THA T MA Y BE USED FOR COMBUSTION AND SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR 
PARTICUL AR TYPES OF PLANTS  
A. Stationar y internal combustion engines 
1.  Star ting mater ial: 
For this process, a fat fraction derived from animal by-products of all categor ies may be used provided it 
meets the following conditions: 
(a)  unless fish oil or rendered fat is used which has been produced in accordance with Section VIII or XII 
of Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, respectively , the fat fraction derived from animal by- 
products must first be processed using: 
(i)  in the case of a fat fraction of Categor y 1 and 2 mat erials, any of the processing methods 1 to 5 
as set out in Chapt er III of Annex IV. 
Where this fat is moved by a closed conveyer system, whic h may not be by-passed, and provided 
such a system has been author ised by the compet ent author ity, from the processing plant for 
immediate direct combustion the permanent marking with glyceroltr iheptan oate (GTH) refer red 
to in point 1 of Chapt er V of Annex VIII shall not be required; 
(ii) in the case of a fat fraction of Categor y 3 mater ial, any of the processing methods 1 to 5 or pro­
cessing method 7 as set out in Chapt er III of Annex IV; 
(iii)  in the case of the mater ials derived from fish, any of the processing methods 1 to 7 as set out in 
Chapt er III of Annex IV; 
(b)  the fat fraction must be separate d from the prot ein and in the case of fat from ruminant origin whic h 
is intended to be combusted in another plant, insoluble impur ities in excess of 0,15 % by weight must 
be remo ved. 
2.  Methodology: 
Combustion of animal fat as a fuel in a stationar y internal combustion engine shall be carried out as 
follows: 
(a)  the fat fractions referred to in points 1(a) and (b) must be combusted: 
(i)  under the conditions laid down in Section 2(1) of Chapt er IV; or 
(ii)  using process paramet ers achieving an equivalent outcome as the conditions under (i) and whic h 
are author ised by the compet ent author ity; 
(b)  the combustion of mate rial of animal origin other than animal fat must not be permitted; 
(c)  the animal fat derived from Categor y 1 or Categor y 2 combuste d in premises appro ved or registere d 
in accordance with Regulations (EC) No 852/2004, (EC) No 853/2004, 183/2005, or in public places 
must have been processed with processing method 1 as set out in Chapt er III of Annex IV; 
(d) the combustion of animal fat must be carried out in accordance with Union legislation for the prote c­
tion of the envi ronment, in particular , with reference to the standards and requirements of that legisla ­
tion and the requirements regarding best available techniques for the control and monitori ng of emis ­
sions. 
3.  Operating conditions: 
By way of derog ation from the requirements set out in the first paragraph of point 2 of Section 2 of 
Chapt er IV, requirements based on other process parameters, which ensure an equivalent environmental 
outcome may be author ised by the compet ent author ity responsible for environmental issues.  
B. On-farm combustion plants in which poultr y manure is used as a fuel 
1.  Type of plant: 
On-farm combustion plant with a total rated ther mal input not excee ding 5 MW . 4.6.2014 L 165/38 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     2.  Star ting mater ial and scope: 
Exclusively unprocessed poultr y manure, as referred to in Article 9(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, 
to be used as a fuel for combustion in accordance with the requirements set out in point 3 to 5. 
The combustion of other animal by-products or derived products and of manure of other species or 
generat ed outside the holding shall not be allowed for use as a fuel in on-far m combustion plants refer red 
to in point 1. 
3.  Specifi c requirements for poultr y manure used as a fuel for combustion: 
(a)  The manure shall be stored securely in a closed storag e area to minimise the need for further handling 
and to prevent cross contamination with other areas on a holding keeping animals of food producing 
species. 
(b)  The on-farm combustion plant must be equipped with: 
(i)  an automatic fuel management system to place the fuel directly in the combustion chamber 
without further handling; 
(ii)  an auxiliar y burner whic h must be used during start-up and shut-do wn operations to ensure that 
the temperature requirements set out in Section 2(2) of Chapt er IV are met at all times during 
those operations and as long as unbur ned mater ial is in the combustion chamber . 
4.  Emission limit values and monitori ng requirements: 
(a)  The emissions of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (namely the sum of nitrogen mono xide and 
nitrogen dioxide, expressed as nitroge n dioxide) and particulate matter shall not exceed the following 
emission limit values, expressed in mg/Nm3 at a temperature of 273,15 K, a pressure of 101,3 kPa 
and an oxygen content of 11 per cent, after correction for the water vapour cont ent of the waste 
gases: 
Pollutant Emission limit value in mg/Nm3 
Sulphur dioxide 50 
Nitrogen oxides (as NO2) 200 
Particulate matt er 10  
(b)  The operat or of the on-far m combustion plant shall carry out at least annual measurements of 
sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulat e matt er. 
As an altern ative to the measurements referred to in the first subparagraph, other procedures, verified 
and appro ved by the compet ent author ity, may be used to deter mine the emissions of sulphur 
dioxide. 
Monitor ing shall be carried out by or on behalf of the operator in accordance with CEN standards. 
Where CEN standards are not available, ISO, national or other international standards whic h ensure 
the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality shall apply . 
(c)  All results shall be recorded, processed and present ed in such a way as to enable the compet ent 
author ity to verify compl iance with the emission limit values. 
(d) For on-farm combustion plants applying secondar y abatement equipment in order to meet the emis ­
sion limit values, the effective operation of that equipment shall be monitor ed continuously and the 
results thereof recorded. 
(e)  In the event of non-compliance with the emission limit values referred to in point (a) or where an on- 
farm combustion plant does not meet the requirements of point 1 of Section 2 of Chapt er IV, oper ­
ators shall immediate ly inform the compet ent author ity and take the measures necessar y to ensure 
that compl iance is restored within the shor test possible time. Where compliance cannot be restored, 
the compet ent author ity shall suspend the operation of the plant and withdra w its appro val. 4.6.2014 L 165/39 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN     5.  Changes of operation and breakdo wns: 
(a)  The operator shall notify the compet ent author ity of any planned change of the on-farm combustion 
plant which would affect its emissions at least one month before the date on which the change takes 
place. 
(b)  The operat or shall take the necessar y measures to ensure that the periods of start-up and shut-do wn 
of the on-far m combustion plant and of any malfunctions are kept as shor t as possible. In the case of 
a malfunction or a breakdo wn of secondar y abate ment equipment, the operat or shall immediate ly 
inform the compet ent author ity.’; 
(2)  in Annex XVI, Chapt er III, the following Section is added: 
‘Section 12 
Official controls regarding appro ved plants for the combustion of animal fat and poultr y manure as a fuel 
The compet ent author ity shall carry out documentar y checks in appro ved plants for combustion of animal fat and 
poultr y manure as a fuel referred to in Chapt er V of Annex III in accordance with the procedures refer red to in 
Article 6(7) and (8).’  4.6.2014 L 165/40 Official Jour nal of the European Union EN