Page 1 of 10 
 
 
 
CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY  
59 Camelot Drive  
Ottawa, Ontario  
K1A 0Y9  
Tel: 613 -225-2342     FAX: 613 -773-7204 RMD -12-06 (Decision ) 
Date of entry into force  
July 29, 2013  
Title:  Risk Management Document  – The addition of  plan t taxa to Canada’s list of 
plants for planting that are not authorized for importation pending completion of 
a pest risk analysis  
 
 
 
 
 
Preface  
 
This Risk Management Document (RMD) records the consultation  process for the 
identified issue. It is consistent  with the principles, terminology and guidelines 
provided in the IPPC standards  [link to: 
https://www.ippc.int/index.php?id=ispms&no_cache=1&L=0 ]. 
 
 
 
Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 2 of 10 1.0 Purpose  
 
This RMD  provides background information on Canada’s import requirements for plants for 
planting and informs of the addition of  122 plant taxa to Canada’s list o f plants that are not 
authorized for importation pending the completion of a pest risk analysis .  
 
Information pe rtaining to current import requirements for specific plants or plant products may 
be obtained from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency ( CFIA ) Automated Import R eference 
System  [link to: 
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/plants/imports/airs/eng/1300127512994/1300127627409# ].  
 
 
2.0 Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms  
 
Definitions for terms used in this document can be found in the Plant Health Glossary of Terms  
[link to: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/plants/plant -
protection/directives/glossary/eng/1304730588212/1304730789969 ] or the IPPC Glossary of 
Phytosanitary Terms  [link to: https://www.ippc.int/core -activities/standards -setting/ispms ].  
 
3.0 Backgroun d   
Policy directive D-08-04: Plant Protection Import Requirements for Plants and Plant Parts for 
Planting  describes Canada’s general import requirements for plants for planting from all 
countries to prevent the entry and spread of regulated plant pests . Under D -08-04, the CFIA has 
established a category of plants that are Not Authorized Pending Pest Risk Analysis (NAPPRA) . 
The NAPPRA  category is used to allow the  CFIA  to take action in a timely manner when  new 
scientific evidence indicates that a plant may be a pathway for the dissemination of a pest of 
quarantine concern to Canada.  
If a plant is on the  NAPPRA  list, or is added to the  NAPPRA  list, then a Pest Risk Analysis 
(PRA) must be conducted  before the plant can be imported . This is  to determine if the plant will 
be prohib ited or authorized for import with  restrictions , if deemed necessary , to mitigate the risk 
of introducing a pest of quarantine concern . When new pest information becomes available for a 
plant taxa that has bee n previously imported into Canada, t he CFIA  may change the 
categorization of the  taxa from authorized to either prohibited or  NAPPRA .  
A list of plant material that has already been classified as  NAPPRA  can be found in  Appendix 2  
of D-08-04. 
In May of 2011 , the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) notified their intent to  
establish a similar NAPPRA category in their regulations, and on July 26, 2011, the USDA 
published a proposed list of plants for planting from certain countries that would be add ed to 
their NAPPRA list as they are deemed by the USDA to be potential quarantine pests (weeds), or 
potential hosts of quarantine pests. The proposed United States ( U.S.) NAPPRA list includes 
many plant taxa  that are important to both Canada’s greenhouse a nd nursery industries,  and to Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 3 of 10 Canada’s  natural environment , which may lead to  a significant risk of negative impacts if any 
pests of quarantine concern for these taxa  were to be introduced into Canada.  
In order to mitigate the risk of negative pest impact s on Canada’s greenhouse and nursery 
industries  and to Canada’s natural environment , the CFIA is taking  an approach that considers 
the pest risk identified in the U .S. NAPPRA data sheets . Canada will add each of the taxa 
outlined in Appendix 1 of this RMD  to the Canadian NAPPRA list for the origin(s) identified.  
Additional updates  may be made in the future.  
The add ition of  taxa to the Canadian NAPPRA list was decided  following a WTO notification 
and comment process which occurred in 2012.  
4.0 Considerations   
 
Countries with c urrent  Canadian  trade  of plant taxa listed in Appendix 1 have not be en included 
on the NAPPRA list . Therefore, importers  can continue to import the plant taxa from sources  
that have already been assessed/approved by the CFIA . 
 
Adding a plant taxon  to Canada’s NAPPRA list prevents the importation  of these taxa , which 
directly mitigates the risk of introducing  potentially harmful pests into Canada’s greenhouse and 
nursery environments .  Importation of  plant taxa  from new sources may be permit ted after  the 
CFIA has evaluated the phytosanitary risks associated with the pathway through PRA  and 
established phytosanitary import requirements, if necessary, to mitigate the risk .  
 
For taxa imported into Canada from countries that are on the U .S. NAPP RA list, these  plant taxa 
will no longer be eligible for export to the U .S. from Canada. Plants which do not meet U .S. 
import requirements at the time of entry into Canada will not be considered as  Canadian origin, 
and can never  be exported or re -exported to the U .S., including their progeny.  
 
5.0  Risk Management Decision  
 
The CFIA consider ed stakeholder comments , scientific data,  as well as environmental and trade 
impacts  prior to finalizing the updates to  Canada’s NAPPRA list.   
 
6.0  Stakeholder Communi cations  
 
A notification to stakeholders and trading partners  with the updated D -08-04 Appendix 2  will be 
distributed via the CFIA ListS erve, through a WTO notification process, and will be posted on 
the CFIA’s webs ite.  
 
7.0  References  
 
ISPM No. 5 , Gloss ary of phytosanitary terms, Rome, FAO (updated annually)  
ISPM No. 2 , Framework for pest risk analysis, 2007, Rome, FAO  
ISPM No. 11 , Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including analysis of environmental risks 
and living modified organisms, 2004, Rome,  FAO  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 4 of 10 D-08-04:Plant Protection Import Requirements for Plant and Plant Parts for Planting : 
Preventing the entry and spread of regulated plant pests associated with the plants for 
planting pathway , CFIA  
D-11-01: Phytosanitary Requirements for Plants for Plan ting and Fresh Branches to Prevent the 
Entry and Spread of Anoplophora spp., CFIA  
U.S. NAPPRA list  
(http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/plant_imports/Q37/nappra/index.shtml ) 
[July 24, 2012]  
 
8.0  Endorsement  
 
Approved by:  
 
 
_____________________ ____________________  
Chief Plant Health Officer  
 
Signature of the Chief Plant Health Officer is required only on completion of the pest risk 
management process, to indicate approval of the final decision.  This section is included in the 
RMD after stakehol der consultation has occurred and a final decision is made.  
 Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 5 of 10 APPENDIX 1:   
Updated  Canadian NAPPRA (Not Authorized Pending Pest Risk Analysis) List 
 
Note: Taxa  considered to be  “Plants as pests ” are included at the bottom of the main list . 
 
Latin Name  NAP PRA from  Regulated plant part  
Acacia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Acer  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands, New 
Zealand  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Acrocomia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Actinidia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
France, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Aesculus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts including seed  
Albizia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel , Japan  Propagative plant parts excluding seed  
Alnus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Amaranthus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Aralia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Guatemala, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Astrocaryum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Atriplex  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Attalea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Bactris  spp. All origins except con tinental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Betula  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Brahea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Broussonetia  spp. All o rigins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Butia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cajanus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Calamu s spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Malaysia, Singapore  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Camellia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Japan, Netherlands , 
Republic of Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 6 of 10 Carpinus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Japan, Netherlands , Republic of 
Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Carya  spp. All origins  except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Castanopsis  spp. All origins excep t continental U.S., 
and 
Japan, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Casuarina  spp.  
(=Allocasuarina  
spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Catalpa  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagat ive plant parts excluding seeds  
Celastrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cercis  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Israel, Japan, 
Netherlands, New Zealand, United 
Kingdom  Propagativ e plant parts excluding seeds  
Chaenomeles  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom  Propagative plant parts  and decorative 
branches excluding seeds  
Chenopodium  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cornus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Corylus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cotoneaster  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Crataegus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Denmark, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cryp tomeria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Cydonia  spp. 
(=Pseudocydonia  
spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom  Propagative plant parts  and decorati ve 
branches excluding seeds  
Datura  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Desmoncus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 7 of 10 Elaeagnus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. 
and 
Belgium, France , Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Eriobotrya  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Euterpe  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel, Taiwan, Viet Nam  Propa gative plant parts excluding seeds  
Fagus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ficus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
China, Guatemala, Republic of Korea, 
Thailand  Propagat ive plant parts excluding seeds  
Fragaria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Fraxinus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Grevillea  spp. All origins except contine ntal U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Halogetum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Hedera  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, 
Israel, Mexico  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Hibiscus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
France, Japan, Netherlands, Viet Nam  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ilex spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Denmark, Japan, Mexico, 
Netherlands, Republ ic of Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Juglans  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Lagerstroemia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Larix  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Lepidium  spp. 
(syn Senebiera  spp., 
Coronopus  spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Lindera  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Japan  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Liquidambar  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Litchi  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 8 of 10 Maackia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Mallotus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Malus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, U nited Kingdom  Propagative plant parts  and decorative 
branches excluding seeds  
Malva  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Mangifera  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seed s 
Manicaria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Mauritia spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Melia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts  excluding seeds  
Metroxylon  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Morus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Oenocarpus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propa gative plant parts excluding seeds  
Olea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Oncosperma  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ostrya  spp. All origins except continent al U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Parrotia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Persea  spp. 
(=Machilus  spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Photinia  spp. 
(=Stranvaesia  spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Picea  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Pinu s spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Platanus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Polygonum  spp. 
(=Reynoutria  spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative  plant parts excluding seeds  
Populus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Prunus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom  Propagative plant parts  and decorative 
branches excluding seeds  
Pseudolarix  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 9 of 10 Psidium  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Punica  spp. All origins except conti nental U.S., 
and 
Japan  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Pyracantha  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands , Republic of Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Pyrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, Fr ance, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom  Propagative plant parts  and decorative 
branches excluding seeds  
Quercus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Rhododendron  spp. All ori gins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, Japan, Netherlands , 
Republic of Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Rhus  spp. 
(=Toxicodendron  
spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ribes  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Robinia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Rosa  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Australia,  Denmark, Germany, 
Netherlands, Republic of Korea, 
United Kingdom  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Roystonea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Rubus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germa ny, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Sabal  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Sageretia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
China  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Sapium  spp. 
(=Triadica  spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Solanum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding  true 
seeds  Date: July 29 , 201 3        RMD -12-06 (Decision)  
 
Page 10 of 10 Sophora  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative pl ant parts excluding seeds  
Sorbus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Spergularia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Styrax  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands , Republic of Korea  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Syagrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Toona  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ulmus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Vaccinium  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Australia  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Vernicia  spp. 
(=Aleurites  spp.) All origins  except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Viburnum  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Washingtonia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Ziziphus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Japan  Propagative plant parts excluding seeds  
Plants as pests  NAPPRA from  Regulated plant part  
Artemisia austriaca  All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Bromus  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Celtis sinensis  All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Ludwigia  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Picnomon  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts includi ng seeds  
Cassinia  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Cestrum  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Hakea  spp. All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Rhamnus alaternus  All origins  Propagative plant p arts including seeds  
Rumex sagittatus  All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds  
Senecio angulatus  All origins  Propagative plant parts including seeds