1 
 The Draft  of Amendment to the Fuel Economy Standards and Regulations on 
Vehicle Inspection and Administration  
 
ARTICLE 1  
 These regulations are formulated in accordance with Article 15 of the Energy 
Administration Act. Any matters not provided for in these regulations herein shall 
be subject to the provisions of other applicable laws and regulations.  
ARTICLE 2  
 The term "Competent Authority" referred hereinafter denotes the Ministry of 
Economic Affairs, and the Bureau of Energy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 
is authorized to be the executive agency under these regulations.  
ARTICLE 3  
 The term "Transportation Management Authority" referred hereinafter denotes 
the Ministry of Transport ation and Communications.  
ARTICLE 4  
4.1  Any passenger car (including sedans and station wagons) with a gasoline or 
diesel engine, manufactured or imported by the entity shall comply with the 
following Subparagraph 4.1.1 or 4.1.2 regarding the standards governing the 
energy efficiency  of vehicles (hereinafter referred to as the Energy Efficiency  
Standards):  
4.1.1 Energy efficiency  testing is conducted in accordance with the Federal Test 
Procedure (FTP -75) of the Unit ed States:  
4.1.1.1 Energy Efficiency  Standards  
Class of vehicles engine 
displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Energy Efficiency  
Standards  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 1200  
Over 1200 to 1800  
Over 1800 to 2400  
Over 2400 to 3000  
Over 3000 to 3600  
Over 3600 to 4200  
Over 4200 to 5400  
Over 5400  16.2 
13.0 
11.4 
10.0 
9.2 
8.5 
7.2 
6.5 
 
4.1.1.2 The combined energy efficiency value for passenger cars (including 
sedans and station wagons) is calculated by the following equation:  
 
Combined  energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
1
0.55
City  energy  efficiency  (km/L)+0.45
Highway  energy  efficiency  (km/L) 
  
2 
 4.1.2 Energy efficiency  testing is conducted in accordance with Directive 
1999/10 0/EC and subsequent amendments:  
4.1.2.1 Energy Efficiency  Standards  
Class of vehicles engine 
displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Energy Efficiency  
Standards  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 1200  
Over 1200 to 1800  
Over 1800 to 2400  
Over 2400 to 3000  
Over 3000 to 3600  
Over 3600 to 4200  
Over 4200 to 5400  
Over 5400  14.1 
11.3 
9.9 
8.7 
8.0 
7.4 
6.3 
5.7 
 
4.1.2.2 The combined energy efficiency  value for passenger cars (including 
sedans and station wagons) is calculated by the following equation:  
For vehicles being tested under the New European Driving Cycle 
(NEDC):  
Combined energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
 
For vehicles being tested under the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles 
Test Cycle ( WLTC ): 
Combined energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
 
 
4.2 Effective from Jan.1, 2016 for manufactured or imported passenger car (including 
sedans and station wagons) with a gasoline or diesel engine by any entity to apply 
for vehicle type fuel economy certificates shall be tested in accordance with the 
test procedures prescribed in the European directive 1999/100/EC a nd its 
subsequent revisions; effective from Jan. 1, 2017, the previous mentioned vehicles 
shall comply with the following requirements:  
4.2.1 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value  of the manufacturer sold 
vehicles shall be higher than the required sales weighted average energy 
efficiency target value.  
4.2.2 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  corresponding to 
different vehicle types prescribed by the required sales weighted average 
energy efficiency target value  are as follows. But if the previous year’s annual 
sales in Taiwan of a vehicle model by the entity were less than 300 units and 
the vehicle model’s global annual production is less than 10,000 units, or the 
entity being approved as a small volume manufacturer and applicable to 
comply with a specific CO2 emission (energy efficiency) standard issued by 
 
3 
 the government of vehicle’s Country of Origin,  a proposal for its energy 
efficiency  improvement may be submitte d and being approved by the central 
competent authority to execute its improvement project announced by the 
central competent authority, and not applicable for the sales weighted average 
energy efficiency standard limits  prescribed herein.  
4.2.2.1 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  effective from 
Jan. 1, 2017 till Dec. 31, 2021:  
Class of vehicle reference mass  
(kg) Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency L imits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 850  19.2 
Over 850 to 965  18.2 
Over 965 to 1080  17.4 
Over 1080 to 1190  16.6 
Over 1190 to 1305  15.7 
Over 1305 to 1420  15.0 
Over 1420 to 1530  14.1 
Over 1530 to 1640  13.3 
Over 1640 to 1760  12.5 
Over 1760 to 1870  11.8 
Over 1870 to 1980  11.2 
Over 1980 to 2100  10.5 
Over 2100 to 2210  9.7 
Over 2210 to 2380  9.3 
Over 2380 to 2610  8.4 
Over 2610  7.2 
4.2.2.2 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency Limits  effective from 
Jan. 1, 2022:  
Class of vehicle reference mass  
(kg) Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency Limits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 850  23.3 
Over 850 to 965  23.3 
Over 965 to 1080  23.3 
Over 1080 to 1190  22.2 
Over 1190 to 1305  21.3 
Over 1305 to 1420  20.4 
Over 1420 to 1530  19.6 
Over 1530 to 1640  18.9 
Over 1640 to 1760  18.2 
Over 1760 to 1870  17.5 
Over 1870 to 1980  16.9 
Over 1980 to 2100  16.1 
Over 2100 to 2210  15.6  
4 
 Over 2210 to 2380  15.2 
Over 2380 to 2610  14.3 
Over 2610  13.7 
4.2.3 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value  and sales weighted 
average energy efficiency target value  prescribed in Subparagraph  4.2.1 shall 
be calculated by using the following formula:  
4.2.3.1 Sales weighted average energy efficiency value : 
   
i: manufactured or imported vehicle type’s sequence number.  
FCi: Energy efficiency  test value (km/liter) for manufactu red or imported 
vehicle type i.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactu red or imported vehicle type i.  
Wi : Correspond Credit Multiplier for Vehicle Type i.  
4.2.3.2 Sales weighted average energy efficiency target value : 
  
i: manufactured or imported vehicle type’s sequence number.  
Ti: Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency Limits  (km/liter) of the 
manufactured or imported vehicle type i in accordance with Subparagraph  4.2.2 
of this Article.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactured or imported vehicle type i.  
4.2.4 The sales weighted average  energy efficiency values  for each individual 
manufacturer shall be calculated by the central competent authority by using 
the fuel economy test values registered by each individual manufacturer; 
different manufacturers may be combined for their sales weighted average 
energy efficiency value  calculation, if being approved by the central 
competent authority.  
4.2.5 Vehicle entities pursued Subparagraph  4.2.4 may consent to end their 
combined calculation of sales weighted average energy efficiency value ; 
their previous earned credits from exceed the required target value may 
continue to be used by the assigned manufacturer through agreement; the 
deficiency from under their target value shall be managed in accordance with 
Subparagraph  4.2.8 of this Article.  
4.2.6 The same vehicle entity manufactured or imported different brands of vehicles, 
may calculate the sales weighted average energy efficiency value  separately 
for different brands, if being approved by the central competent authority.  
4.2.7 Vehicle entit ies with annual sales number over 100 units or values over 100 
million NT dollars being approved by the central competent authority may 
use their annual sales number for the calculation of sales weighted average 
energy efficiency value . If the calculated sales weighted average energy 
efficiency value  is over the target value, the earned credits may be 
 
5 
 accumulated for the calculation of next 3 year’s sales weighted average 
energy efficiency values . After this amended regulation becomes effective 
upon its pro mulgation in 2018, if the calculated sales weighted average 
energy efficiency value  is over the target value, the earned credits may be 
accumulated for the calculation of the next 4 year’s sales weighted average 
energy efficiency values . 
4.2.8 For vehicle entities mentioned in the previous Subparagraph 4.2.7, if their 
calculated sales weighted average energy efficiency values  are under their 
required target values at specific year, their subsequent market sold vehicles 
must comply with the Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  
being defined by Subparagraph 4.2.2 of this Article until the difference of 
calculated and target values are being complemented or acquired from other 
entities’ credits to regain their sales weighted average energy efficien cy 
value  calculation by their annual sales numbers.  
4.2.9 For Electric vehicles or Fuel Cell vehicles (sedans and station wagons) that 
being sold by the vehicle entity, its sales may be multiplied by 10 as the 
correspond sales and being used in the calcula tion of sales weighted average 
energy efficiency value ; for Plug -In Hybrid Electric sedans and station 
wagons with pure electric travel mileage over 50 kilometers, their 
correspond sales multiplier may be set as 5. The Subparagraph  4.2.2 to 4.2.8 
are also applicable and the energy efficiency  test values shall be rated by the 
competent authority in other provisions.  
4.2.10 Effective from Jan. 1, 2022, for the sedans or station wagons that being sold 
by the vehicle entity, if its energy efficiency  value is higher than the 
correspond Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  as listed in 
Item 4.2.2.2  of this Article , the multipliers for the calculation of sales 
weighted average energy efficiency value  are set as follows ： 
4.2.10.1 Over by 10%, set as 1.5;  
4.2.10.2 Over by 20%, set as 2;  
4.2.10.3 Over by 30%, set as 2.5;  
4.2.10.4 Over by 40%, set as 3;  
4.2.10.5 Over by 50%, set as 3.5.  
4.3 The Energy E fficiency  Standards listed in Article 6 are applicable to vehicles with 
importer provided the li sting of US certificate being classified as LDT model or 
with the EU certificate being classified as M1G model.  
ARTICLE 5  
5.1 Any motorcycle manufactured or imported by any entity shall comply with the 
following Energy Efficiency Standards:  
Class of vehicles engine 
displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Energy Efficiency 
Standards  
(kilometers/liter)   
6 
 Below 50  
Over 50 to 100  
Over 100 to 150  
Over 150 to 250  
Over 250 to 500  
Over 500 to 750  
Over 750 to 1000  
Over 1000 to 1250  
Over 1250 to 1500  
Over 1500  48.2 
40.6 
38.0 
28.0 
21.1 
16.6 
15.8 
14.7 
13.1 
12.8 
 
5.2 The combined energy efficiency value for motorcycles is calculated by the 
following equation:  
Combined energy efficiency value  (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
1
0.6
Urban  energy  efficiency  (km/L)+0.4
Constant  speed  energy  efficiency  (km/L) 
5.3 Effective from Jan.1, 2016 for manufactured or imported motorcycles by any 
entity to apply for vehicle type fuel economy certificates shall comply with the 
following requirements:  
5.3.1 The sales weighted average energy efficie ncy value of the manufacturer sold 
vehicles shall be higher than the required sales weighted average energy 
efficiency target value.  
5.3.2 The Sales W eighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits corresponding to 
different vehicle types prescribed by the requir ed sales weighted average 
energy efficiency target value  are as follows.  
5.3.2.1 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency Limits  effective from 
Jan. 1, 2016 till Dec. 31, 2021:  
Class of vehicle’s engine 
displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency L imits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 50  
Over 50 to 100  
Over 100 to 150  
Over 150 to 250  
Over 250 to 500  
Over 500 to 750  
Over 750 to 1000  
Over 1000 to 1250  
Over 1250 to 1500  
Over 1500  54.5 
46.7 
43.8 
31.0 
26.5 
18.7 
18.1 
15.8 
14.7 
14.1  
7 
  
5.3.2.2 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency Limits  effective from 
Jan. 1, 2022:  
Class of vehicle’s engine 
displacement (cubic centimeters)  Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency 
Limits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 50  
Over 50 to 100  
Over 100 to 150  
Over 150 to 250  
Over 250 to 500  
Over 500 to 750  
Over 750 to 1000  
Over 1000 to 1250  
Over 1250 to 1500  
Over 1500 to 1750  
Over 1750 to 2000  
Over 2000  61.0 
52.3 
48.2 
34.1 
28.1 
19.8 
19.2 
16.7 
15.6 
14.9 
14.3 
13.8 
5.3.3 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value  and sales weighted 
average energy efficiency target value  prescribed in Subparagraph 5.3.1 
shall be calculated by using the following formula:  
5.3.3.1 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value : 
     
i: manufactured or imported ve hicle type’s sequence number.  
FCi: energy efficiency  test value (km/liter) for manufactured or imported 
vehicle type i.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactured or imported vehicle type i.  
Wi : Correspond Credit Multiplier for Vehicle Type i.  
5.3.3.2 The sales weighted average energy efficiency target value:  
 
i: manufactured or imported vehicle type’s sequence number.  
Ti: Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  (km/liter) of the 
manufactured or imported vehicle type i in accordance with Subparagraph 
5.3.2 of this Article.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactured or imported vehicle type i.  
 
 
8 
 5.3.4 The calculation of sales weighted average energy efficiency value  and sales 
weighted average energy efficiency target value  for vehicle entity w ith 
combined reporting or end of their combined reporting, the qualification for 
using annual sales weighted average energy efficiency value  calculation 
and credit accumulation, and the handling process for vehicle entities failed 
to comply with their required annual sales weighted average energy 
efficiency target value  shall be in accordance with stipulations in Article 4.  
5.3.5 For electric motorcycles being sold by the vehicle entity, the sales may be 
multiplied by 2.5 then being used for the calculation of sales weighted 
average energy efficiency value , and the previous provisions are also 
applicable. The energy efficiency  test value for el ectric vehicle shall be 
rated by the competent authority in other provisions.  
ARTICLE 6  
6.1 Any light -duty truck of a gross weight less than 2,500 kilograms, commercial 
vehicle and passenger car (not sedans or station wagons) with gasoline or diesel 
engine  manufactured or imported by the entity shall comply with the following 
Subparagraph 6.1.1 or 6.1.2 regarding standards governing energy efficiency  of 
vehicles:  
6.1.1 Energy efficiency testing is conducted in accordance with the Federal Test 
Procedure  (FTP -75) of the United States:  
6.1.1.1 Energy Efficiency Standards  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.1.1.2 The combined energy efficiency  value for light -duty trucks of a gross 
weight less than 2,500 kilograms, commercial vehicles and passenger 
cars (not sedans or station wagons) is calculated by the following 
equation:  
Combined energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
               
1
0.55
City  energy  efficiency  (km/L)+0.45
Highway  energy  efficiency  (km/L) 
 
6.1.2 Energy Efficiency testing is conducted in accordance with Directive 
1999/10 0/EC and subsequent amendments:  Class of Vehicle’s Engine 
Displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Energy Efficiency 
Standards  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 1200  
Over 1200 to 1800  
Over 1800 to 2400  
Over 2400 to 3000  
Over 3000 to 3600  
Over 3600 to 4200  
Over 4200 to 5400  
Over 5400  10.9 
9.9 
8.9 
8.6 
7.6 
7.0 
6.7 
6.1  
9 
 6.1.2.1 Energy Efficiency  Standards  
Class of Vehicle’s Engine 
Displacement (cubic 
centimeters)  Energy Efficiency 
Standards  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 1200  
Over 1200 to 1800  
Over 1800 to 2400  
Over 2400 to 3000  
Over 3000 to 3600  
Over 3600 to 4200  
Over 4200 to 5400  
Over 5400  9.5 
8.6 
7.7 
7.5 
6.6 
6.1 
5.8 
5.3 
 
6.1.2.2 The combined energy efficiency value for light -duty trucks of a gross 
weight less than 2,500 kilograms, commercial vehicles and passenger 
cars (not sedans or station wagons) is calculated by the following 
equation:  
For vehicles being tested under the New Europ ean Driving Cycle 
(NEDC):  
Combined energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
 
For vehicles being tested under the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles 
Test Cycle (WLTC):  
Combined energy efficiency  value (kilometers/liter, km/L) =  
 
 
6.2 Effective from Jan.1, 2016 for manufactured or imported light -duty truck of a 
gross weight less than 2,500 kilograms, commercial vehicle and passenger car 
(not sedans or station wagons) with gasoline or diesel engine by any entity to 
apply for vehicle type fuel econ omy certificates shall be tested in accordance 
with the test procedures prescribed in the European directive 1999/100/EC and 
its subsequent revisions; effective from Jan. 1, 2017, the previous mentioned 
vehicles shall comply w ith the following requirements : 
6.2.1 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value of the manufacturer sold 
vehicles shall be higher than the required sales weighted average energy 
efficiency target value.  
6.2.2 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  corresponding to 
different vehicle types prescribed by the required sales weighted average 
energy efficiency target value  are as follows.  
6.2.2.1 The Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  effective from 
Jan. 1, 2017 till Dec. 31, 2021:  
 
10 
  
 Class of vehicle’s reference 
mass  
(kg) Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency L imits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 850  15.2 
Over 850 to 965  14.4 
Over 965 to 1080  13.7 
Over 1080 to 1190  13.1 
Over 1190 to 1305  12.4 
Over 1305 to 1420  11.9 
Over 1420 to 1530  11.1 
Over 1530 to 1640  10.5 
Over 1640 to 1760  9.9 
Over 1760 to 1870  9.3 
Over 1870 to 1980  8.8 
Over 1980 to 2100  8.3 
Over 2100 to 2210  7.7 
Over 2210 to 2380  7.3 
Over 2380 to 2610  6.6 
Over 2610  5.7 
 
6.2.2.2 The Sales Weighted Average Energy E fficiency Limits effective from Jan. 
1, 2022:  
 
Class of vehicle’s reference 
mass  
(kg) Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency L imits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 850  18.6 
Over 850 to 965  18.6 
Over 965 to 1080  18.6 
Over 1080 to 1190  17.8 
Over 1190 to 1305  17.0 
Over 1305 to 1420  16.3 
Over 1420 to 1530  15.7 
Over 1530 to 1640  15.1 
Over 1640 to 1760  14.6 
Over 1760 to 1870  14.0 
Over 1870 to 1980  13.5 
Over 1980 to 2100  12.9 
Over 2100 to 2210  12.5 
Over 2210 to 2380  12.2 
Over 2380 to 2610  11.4 
Over 2610  11.0 
  
11 
 6.2.2.3 For vehicles that comply with the truck standards stipulated in the 
“Vehicular Air Pollutant Emission Standards” by Taiwan EPA, effective 
from Jan.1, 2022 shall comply with the Sales Weighted Average Energy 
Efficiency L imits  as follows:  
 
Class of vehicle’s reference 
mass  
(kg) Sales Weighted Average 
Energy Efficiency Limits  
(kilometers/liter)  
Below 850  15.8 
Over 850 to 965  15.8 
Over 965 to 1080  15.8 
Over 1080 to 1190  15.1 
Over 1190 to 1305  14.5 
Over 1305 to 1420  13.9 
Over 1420 to 1530  13.3 
Over 1530 to 1640  12.8 
Over 1640 to 1760  12.4 
Over 1760 to 1870  11.9 
Over 1870 to 1980  11.5 
Over 1980 to 2100  11.0 
Over 2100 to 2210  10.6 
Over 2210 to 2380  10.4 
Over 2380 to 2610  9.7 
Over 2610  9.4 
 
6.2.3 The sales weighted average energy efficiency value  and sales weighted 
average energy efficiency target value  prescribed in Subparagraph 6.2.1 shall 
be calculated by using the following equation:  
6.2.3.1 Sales weighted average energy efficiency value : 
 
i: manufactured or imported vehicle type’s sequence number.  
FCi: energy efficiency  test value (km/liter) for manufactured or imported vehicle 
type i.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactured or imported vehicle type i.  
Wi : Correspond Credit Multiplier for Vehicle Type i.  
 
6.2.3.2 Sales weig hted average energy efficiency target value:  
 
 
12 
 i: manufactured or imported vehicle type’s sequence number.  
Ti: Sales Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  (km/liter) of the 
manufactured or imported vehicle type i in accordance with Subparagraph  
6.2.2 of this Article.  
Vi: sales number (units) of manufactured or imported vehicle type i.  
 
6.2.4 The calculation of sales weighted average energy efficiency value  and sales 
weighted average energy efficiency target value  for vehicle entity with 
combined reporting or end of their combined reporting, the calculation of 
sales weighted average energy efficiency value  for different brands under the 
same vehicle entity, the qualification for using annual sales weighted average 
energy efficiency value  calculation and credit accumulation, and the 
handling process for vehicle entities failed to comply with their required 
annual sales weighted average energy efficiency target value  shall be in 
accordance with stipulations in Article  4. 
6.2.5 For Electric or Fuel Cell light -duty trucks, commercial vehicles and passenger 
cars (not sedans or station wagons) that being sold by the vehicle entity, its 
sales may be multiplied by 10 as the correspond sales and being used in the 
calculation of sales weighted average energy efficiency value ; for Plug -In 
Hybrid Electric light -duty truck, commercial vehicle and passenger car (not 
sedans or station wagons) with pure electric travel mileage over 50 
kilometers, the correspond sales multiplier may b e set as 5; and the previous 
mentioned provisions are also applicable and the energy efficiency  test 
values shall be rated by the competent authority in other provisions.  
6.2.6 Effective from Jan. 1, 2022, for light -duty trucks, commercial vehicles and 
passenger cars (not sedans or station wagons) that being sold by the vehicle 
entity, if its energy efficiency  value is higher than the correspond Sales 
Weighted Average Energy Efficiency L imits  as listed in Item 4.2.2.2  of 
Article 4 , the multipliers for the c alculation of sales weighted average energy 
efficiency value  are set as follows ： 
6.2.6.1 Over by 10%, set as 1.5;  
6.2.6.2 Over by 20%, set as 2;  
6.2.6.3 Over by 30%, set as 2.5;  
6.2.6.4 Over by 40%, set as 3;  
6.2.6.5 Over by 50%, set as 3.5.  
ARTICLE  7  
7.1 Effective from Jan. 1, 2022, for the vehicle entity developed eco -innovation 
technology or product with proof of energy -saving capability that can improve the 
fuel efficiency of vehicles, and the central competent authority has approved a 
certain amount o f related credit value for the calculation of the entity’s sales 
weighted average energy efficiency  value, the vehicle entity may add the 
approved credit value to the sold vehicle for the sales weighted average energy 
efficiency value calculation.  
7.2 The above Paragraph 7.1 mentioned eco -innovation technologies, products and 
their related amount of credits for the calculation of sales weighted average energy 
efficiency values shall be set and promulgated by the central competent authority.  
ARTICLE  8   
13 
 8.1 Vehicle entities shall implement the energy efficiency labeling for the 
manufactured or imported gasoline (diesel) passenger cars, light duty trucks, 
commercial vehicle s and motorcycles.  
8.2 The Paragraph 8.1 described energy efficiency label shall include the following 
contents:  
8.2.1 Annual fuel consumption . 
8.2.2 Vehicle type . 
8.2.3 Name of manufacturer . 
8.2.4 Certified vehicle model . 
8.2.5 Energy efficiency value: including test method, test results, and energy 
efficiency values for tests in accordance with different test method stipulated 
individual driving cycles.  
8.2.6 The energy efficiency ranking . 
8.3 For Plug -in Hybrid Electric passenger cars, light -duty trucks and commercial 
vehicles, the labeling requirement to state individual energy efficiency value 
under different test method stipulated driving cycle s as mentioned in  
Subparagraph 8.2.5 is not applicable.  But the contents of labeling shall include 
the individual test methods for its energy efficiency value and pure electric range.  
8.4 The format for Paragraph  8.1 mentioned energy efficiency label shall be 
announced by the central competent authority.  
ARTICLE  9 
9.1 Effective from Jan. 1, 2022, the vehicle entity shall implement the energy 
efficiency labeling for its manufactured or imported electric passenger cars, 
light-duty trucks, commercial vehicles and motorcycles.  
9.2 The contents of the above mentioned labeling shall include the following:  
9.2.1 Annual electricity consumption.  
9.2.2 Vehicle type . 
9.2.3 Name of manufacturer . 
9.2.4 Certified vehicle model . 
9.2.5 Energy efficiency  value : includin g test method and result value.  
9.2.6 Pure electric range: including test method and result value.  
9.3 The format for Paragraph 9.1 mentioned energy efficiency label shall be 
announced by the central competent authority.  
ARTICLE  10  
10.1 The energy efficiency labeling shall be implemented in accordance with  Article 8 
and Article 9 by vehicle entities  as prescribed in the following:  
10.1.1 Effective  from July 1, 2010  (for EVs, effective from Jan. 1, 2022) , vehicles 
displa yed at the show room or s elling  location s hall affix the energy 
efficiency  label at the following spots:  
10.1.1 .1 Cars: on the windshield of front passenger side or driver side, with 
contents facing outside . 
10.1. 1.2 Motorcycles: when affix on the seat, the contents facing upward; when 
affix on front fender the contents facing forward; without front fender 
the label should be affixed on the fuel tank, the contents facing upward.   
14 
 10.1.2 Effective from July 1, 2010 (for EVs, effective from Jan. 1, 2022), the 
vehicle catalog at display or s elling location  shall contain the energy 
efficiency label; if only text or tables were used in the vehicle catalog, then 
the vehicle annual fuel (electricity) consumption, energy efficiency  test 
results, and energy efficiency  ranking should be listed in the catalog.  
10.1.3 Effective from September 1, 2010 (for EVs, effective from Jan. 1, 2022), the 
vehicles for sale should be a ffixed with the energy efficiency  label or have 
the label printed or attached in the owner’s manual.  
10.2 The contents of printed or affixed energ y efficiency  label should follow the 
format of samples that approved by the Competent Authority, contents 
modification, hide, impair or using other methods to make the label 
indistinguishable are not allowed. When printed in the catalog or owner’s manual 
to describe the energy efficiency information, the label is allowed to be enlarged 
or shrunk as long as it is clear and recognizable.  
ARTICLE  11  
11.1 Energy efficiency testing and retesting should be performed by test agencies or 
vehicle manufacturers (hereinafter referred to as Accredited Agencies) authorized 
by the Competent Authority.  
11.2 The energy efficiency testing for  passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and 
light-duty trucks shall be tested  in accordance with either the Federal Test 
Procedure ( FTP-75) of the United States or Directive 1999/100/EC of the 
European Union and subsequent amendments  (may adopt either NEDC or WLTC 
driving cycle for the test) ; the energy efficiency testing for motorcycles shall be 
tested in accordance with Motorcycle Fu el Econo my Test Method (as 
attachment).  
11.3 The energy efficiency labeling for electric passenger cars, light -duty trucks and 
commercial vehicles shall be in accordance with EU directive ECE R101 and its 
subsequent amendments (may adopt either NEDC or WLT C driving cycle for the 
test); the energy efficiency labeling testing method for electric motorcycles shall 
be in accordance with National Standards CNS 15819 -4 and its subsequent 
amendments, but the driving cycles and vehicle simulated inertia weight shall  be 
in accordance with  “the Fuel Economy Test Method for Motorcycles ” 
(attachment).   
 
ARTICLE  12  
12.1 To apply for a certificate license and become an Accredited Agency as mentioned 
in the proceeding article, a test agency or vehicle manufacturer should provide 
and submit the following application documents to the Competent Authority. The 
application procedure for certifica te license renewal is the same.  
12.1.1 The education and work experi ence papers for test personnel,  
12.1.2  A quality control plan,  
12.1.3 A test equipment layout,  
12.1.4 The original drawings and specificat ions of the test equipment, and  
12.1.5 Correlated test results conducted within the past six months.  
12.2 If the application docum entations stated in Paragraph 12 .1 do not conform t o the 
rules or incur deficiencies in the contents, the Competent Authority shall notify 
the applicant to make corrections by a specified deadline; if the requested 
corrections are not made by the deadline, the  application shall be rejected.   
15 
 12.3 The Compet ent Authority shall issue certificate licenses with a valid period of no 
more than three years to those applicants who pass the review. Anyone who has 
obtained a certificate and applied for an extension needs to submit the documents 
required by Paragraph 1 2.1 180 days prior to the expiration date; the extension 
period is three years. The applicant must reapply for certification if he was not 
able to apply for an extensi on by the time specified above.  
12.4 To review the certificate application p rocedures sta ted in Paragraph 12 .1 and the 
certificate extension procedures stated in Paragraph 12 .3, the Competent 
Authority may invite relevant experts to form a review group. The review group 
may examine the testing equipment as well as the status of personnel alloc ation 
and operation on site, and request the applicant to conduct a vehicle fuel 
economy test on a chassis dynamometer if and when the review group deems 
necessary.  
 
ARTICLE  13 
13.1 The Competent Authority may, on a regular or an unannounced basis, inspect  an 
Accredited Agency. If there is any defect found during inspection, the Competent 
Authority shall order the Accredited Agency to make improvements before a 
specified deadline, and the Competent Authority shall conduct a re -inspection  
after the deadline has passed.  
13.2 If there are any instances of falsification or untruthfulness in the contents of the 
application documents or related to the allocation of test personnel, the 
Competent Authority may revoke the certification license and order the 
Accredite d Agency to surrender its certification license be fore the specified 
deadline.  
13.3 If the Accredited Agency incurs any one of the following events, the Competent 
Authority may annul its certification license and order the Accredited Agency to 
surrender its certificate license before the specified deadlin e. 
13.3.1 The Accredited Agency issues an untruth inspection repor t, record or 
inspection result.  
13.3.2 The data quality control plan is defective or the degree of precision and 
accuracy of the inspectio n does not conform to the required scope, and the 
defects mentioned above are not corre cted by the specified deadline.  
13.4 When the certificate license is revoked or annulled according to Paragraph 13.2 
and Paragraph 13.3, the agency will not be allowed t o reapply for a certificate 
within one year after the date of its license is being revoked or annulled.  
 
ARTICLE  14 
14.1 Vehicle energy efficiency  tests designated by the Competent Authority  shall be 
conducted as follows:  
14.1.1  Type approval test, and  
14.1.2 Conformity test.  
14.2 The Competent Authority, along with Transportation Management Authority, 
shall be entitled to assign the personnel or authorize an Accredited Agency to 
select the test vehicles randomly for the tests mentioned above. The conformity 
test for any new ve hicle specified in this Article shall be delivered to the 
Accredited Agency appoin ted by the Competent Authority.  
14.3 If the vehicle is imported by a manufacturer with an original energy efficiency   
16 
 test document (issued by a test agency or by the vehicle manufacturer approved 
by the local governments where the vehicle was manufactured) to verify this 
vehicle complies with the Energy E fficiency  Standards in this Article, the type 
approval test can be waived. The application shall be filed to the Competent 
Authority for a fuel economy certificate.  
ARTICLE  15 
15.1 The type approval test provided in A rticle 14 means the energy efficiency  test for 
any vehicle should foll ow the procedures listed below:  
15.1.1 For each model of domestic vehicle manufactured by ea ch entity, one 
vehicle shall be selected randomly for the test.  
15.1.2 For each model of vehicle imported by each entity, one vehicle shall be 
selected randomly for the test.  
ARTICLE  16 
16.1 Any vehicle that meets the  Energy Efficiency  Standards in respect to the results 
of the type approval test shall be deemed as undergoing a model change when 
any one of the following changes occurs, requiring  a new certificate application.  
16.1.1 Change in the body styling  and model name of the vehic le, 
16.1.2 Change in the weight class of the vehicl e, 
16.1.3 Change in the engine model, engine displacement, number of engine 
cylinders, engine fuel system (including fuel supply or feedback control 
system) or  turbo -charging of the vehicle,  
16.1.4 Change in the pow er train system of the vehicle,  
16.1.5 Change in the vehic le's country of manufacture, or  
16.1.6 Any other changes of the vehicle that will affect the results of the  energy 
efficiency  test. 
16.2 If the changing of vehicle's specifications or comp onents will not affect the 
energy efficiency  test results, which shall be subject to the judgment and approval 
of the Competent Authority, then this vehicle shall be exempt from the 
requirement of a type approval test. Nevertheless, the vehicle conformity test 
specified in Article 14 shall still be conducted.  
ARTICLE  17 
17.1 The conformity test prescribed in Article 14 indicates the energy efficiency  test 
for any new vehicle that is being distributed into the market, meets the Energy 
Efficiency  Standards in respect to the results of the type approval test, and has 
obtained a fuel economy certificate. The Central Competent Authority shall 
perform the conformity test accordi ng to the following procedures:  
17.1.1 For dome stically manufactured vehic les: 
17.1.1.1 For each model of domestic vehicle (including passenger cars, 
light-duty trucks and commercial vehicles) manufactured by each 
entity, one sample for every one thousand new vehicles shall be  
selected randomly for testing.  
17.1.1.2 For each mod el of domestic motorcycle manufactured by each entity, 
one sample for every two thousand new vehicles shall be selected 
randomly for testing.  
17.1.2 For  imported vehicles: The selection procedure of the conformity test for 
imported vehicle shall be the same as the procedure mention ed above for 
domestic vehicles.   
17 
 17.2 In the event that the number of vehicles for a particular model of car or truck, 
produced  or imported, is less than one thousand units within six months, one 
sample shall be selected randomly for testing. In the event that the number of 
vehicles for a particular model of motorcycle, produced or imported, is less than 
two thousand units within six months, one sample shall be selected randomly for 
testing.  
17.3 The selection ratio for the conformity test provided in this Article may be subject 
to adjustment as determined by the Administration Authority.  
ARTICLE  18 
18.1 By the twentieth day of eac h month, the entity that manufactured or imported the 
vehicles shall, in accordance with Articles 1 5 and 17 , furnish its manufacturing 
and import plan for the following month and the actual manufacturing/sales or 
importing/sales data of the preceding month  to the Competent Authority for 
energy efficiency  test purposes. Upon the selection of test vehicles, the entity that 
manufactured or imported the vehicles shall send the test vehicles to the 
Accredited Agency for the  test within twenty -eight days.  
18.2 In the event of any change in the manufacturing/sales or importing/sales plan or 
data mentioned previously in this Article, a written notice should be given to the 
Competent Authority within three days upon th e date of such change.  
18.3The Central Competent Authority, along with the Transportation Management 
Authority, shall be entitled to review the actual manufacturing/sales or 
importing/sales data raised by the above mentioned entity.  
ARTICLE 19 
19.1 For any manufactured or imported vehicle that meets the Energy Efficiency  
Standards in respect to the results of the type approval test, and comply with the 
EPA in charged vehicle emissions standards, the Competent Authority shall issue 
a certificate of conformity with respect to that vehicle model.  
19.2 The Pa ragraph 19.1 mentioned energy efficiency and pollutant emissions tests 
shall be conducted by the same accredited test organization, prior the tests, the 
vehicle shall not perform any adjustments on the test vehicles.  
19.3 In no event shall the Transportat ion Management Authority issue a vehicle 
license to any vehicle without a certificate of conformity  as mentioned in 
Paragraph 19.1 . 
19.4 The Competent Authority may consign an approved agency to issue and approve 
the certificate of conformity mentioned in Paragraph 19.1 of this Article.  
ARTICLE  20 
20.1 Effective from  July 1, 2010, the competent authority may not issue the fuel 
economy certificates if the vehicle entities failed to submit the following 
auditing documents for the manufac tured or imported vehicles:  
20.1.1 The sample energy efficiency  label fabricated according to Article 8 and 
Article 9.  
20.1.2 The name, address and telephone number of the domestic manufacturer, 
importer, distributor or display location; E -mail contact information should 
also be provided if available.  
20.2 If the previous described document contents were changed, vehicle entity should 
deliver the related documents to the Competent Authorit y for reference within 30 
days.   
18 
 20.3 The Competent Authority may commission  agency for the energy efficiency  
labeling auditing as described in Paragraph 20.1.  
ARTICLE 21 
 The vehicle type or vehicle fuel economy certificate which is being issued to a 
specific manufacturer or importer may transfers to specific entity, if the vehicle 
original manufacturer promises to provide vehicles with the same specifications 
and quality as the certified vehicles to the entity.  
ARTICLE  22 
22.1 For any vehicle which does not meet the Energy Efficiency  Standards in respect 
to the results of the conformity test provided in Article 4, Article 5 and Article 6, 
the entity who applied for the type approval test may apply for a retest. The retest 
shall be performed accordi ng to the following procedures:  
22.1.1 The results of three retests for the original sample test vehicle shall be 
averaged to a single val ue (hereinafter referred to Y).  
22.1.2 Y and all of the one -time retest results for each vehicle requested for 
retesting by the application entity and sele cted by the Competent Authority 
shall be averaged to determine a single val ue (hereinafter referred to X).  
22.1.3 In the event that the difference of X and the product of statistical parameter 
times the standard deviation is not smaller than the Energy Eff iciency  
Standards, the vehicles covered by the application shall be regarded as 
meeting the Energy Efficiency  Standards. The standard deviation is 
calculated by the following equation:  
Standard  Deviation =√∑(𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦  𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦  𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 −𝑋)2
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑉𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒 −1 
The statistical parameters are to be determined based on the number of sample 
test vehicles, as in the following table:  
 
 
  
If the number of sample test vehicles is equal to or greater than 20, then  
Vehicles Sample of Number 0.860Parameter l Statistica 
 
 
22.2 In the event that the entity does not apply for retesting, or the results of the 
retesting do not meet the Energy Efficiency  Standards under this Article, the Number of 
Sample 
Vehicles  2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 
Statistical 
Parameter  0.973  0.613  0.489  0.421  0.376  0.342  0.317  0.296  0.279  
Number of 
Sample 
Vehicles  11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 
Statistical 
Parameter  0.265  0.253  0.242  0.233  0.224  0.216  0.210  0.203  0.198   
19 
 certificate of conformity in respect to the vehicle or the model of v ehicle covered 
by the certificate shall be annulled. The Competent Authority shall forthwith 
withhold from the entity the right to sell the vehicles and order the entity to take 
actions to improve the energy efficiency  of the vehicles. The Transportation 
Management Authority shall not issue vehicle licenses to the vehicles of the 
model concerned or to any entity who commits a breach of Article 18 as well.  
22.3 The entity applying for a retest as described in Paragraph 22.1 of this Article shall 
deliver the vehicles to the Accredited Agency appointed by the Competent 
Authority.  
ARTICLE  23 
23.1 If the conformity test results for the domestic -manufactured or imported vehicles 
that failed to reach wi thin 92% of the energy efficiency  label listed values, the 
entity should be noticed by the Competent Authority to pr ocess energy 
efficiency retest.  
23.2 The Competent Authority officers should be accompanied by the personnel of the 
Accredited Agency to the vehicle storage location, and pi ck up at least twice the 
number of the previous sampled vehicle type that failed to reach within 92% of 
the energy efficiency label value. The selected vehicles should be delivered to 
the Accredited Agency by the vehicle entity to perfor m the energy effici ency 
retest.  
23.3 According to Article 21 of Energy Management Act, should the vehicle entities 
failed to meet the deadline to perform energy efficiency retests or the mean 
value of the test results for the delivered sample vehicles failed to r each within 
92% energy efficiency  label value will be notified by the Competent Authority 
for improvements.  
ARTICLE  24 
24.1 The same test method and driving cycle  should be used for the vehicle type 
approval test, conformity test as described in Paragraph 14.1 of Article 14, for 
the retest as defined in Article 22, and for the energy efficiency retest as 
described in Article 23.  
24.2 The same Accredited Agency that  conduct the test should be used for the 
conformity test as described in Paragraph 14.1 of Article 14, for the retest as 
defined in Article 22, and for the energy efficiency retest as described in Article 
23. 
ARTICLE  25 
The Competent Authority shall period ically publish the energy efficiency  test 
results.   
ARTICLE  26 
These Regulations shall become effective upon promulgation.   
20 
 Attachment  
The Fuel Economy Test Method for Motorcycles  
 
1. Test items  
1.1 Fuel economy of motorcycles tested by using simulated urban driving cycle.  
1.2 Fuel economy of motorcycles tested by using simulated constant speed driving 
cycle.  
 
2. Test conditions  
2.1 Motorcycle conditions:  
2.1.1 Only necessary power  should be used during the test.  
2.1.2 If the motorcycle engine is equipped with engine coolant, fan control and 
temperature control device  etc., all devices should be in  normal  operation 
conditions . 
2.1.3 Before testing, the motorcycle may run in to the minimum mileage as the 
manufacturer proclaimed to stabilize the fuel economy test results. For 
new vehicles the run in mileage muse comply with the regulated mileage 
by the competent authority.  
2.1.4 The previous mentioned run in process before the test may be performed o n 
real road or on chassis dynamometer.  
2.1.5 The idle speed must be adjusted according to the recommended range by 
the original manufacturer and should be  remark ed in the test results form 
(Table 1).  
2.1.6 The motorcycle tire s must be the same as the regis tered test vehicle type, 
the tire pressure set ting should be the same as the original manufacturer’s 
specification . If the diameter of chassis dynamometer roller is equal or less 
than 500 mm, or dual -rollers are used, the tire pressure may be increased 
by 30% to 50% and this information  should be remarked  in the test results 
form.  
2.1.7 If the motorcycle test is conducted on a chassis dynamometer, the load 
should be simulated by using the motorcycle’s inertia mass (Equivalent 
Inertia Mass); The curb mass is  defined as the mass of motorcycle under 
no load condition and its fuel tank filled to at least  90% of its capacity , 
engine oil, coolant, and fitted with standard equipment  in accordance with 
the original manufacturer’ s specifications . The motorcycle refer ence mass 
is defined as the curb mass plus75 kg. The equivalent inertia mass should 
be approximated to the reference mass, the detailed correlation  
descriptions are as shown in Table2.   
21 
 2.1.8 Ambient conditions:  
Temperature: 20 ℃-30℃. 
Absolute humidity: 5.5 -12.2 gH2O/kg dry air.  
2.2 The exhaust gases analysis and measurement equipment for the fuel economy test 
should comply with the EPA regulation of “ The Exhaust  Emission s Test Method s 
and Procedures  for Motorcycles ”. 
2.3 The settings of chassis dynamometer a nd accuracy requirements for the test should 
comply with the requirements described in Appendix 2.  
2.4 Reference ambient conditions:  
Barometric pressure: 101.3kPa.  
Temperature: 25°C.  
2.5 Air density:  
2.5.1 Air density  should  be calculated by using the following equation:  
TrHrdo dr 94.2
 
Where:  
dr : air density during the test (g/m l). 
do: reference ambient air density (g/m l). 
Hr: Barometric pressure during the test (kPa) . 
Tr: Absolute temperature during the test (K).  
2.5.2 When measuring the fuel economy of motorcycle, the calculated air 
density by using the above equation, the result value must not deviate by 
more than ±7.5% from the reference ambient air density value.  
3.  Fuel economy calculation for the motorcycle test using simulated urban driving cycle  
3.1 Simulated urban driving cycle:  
3.1.1. For motorcycles  applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017, one test 
under the driving cycle as shown in Figure 1 should be conducted to get 
test results, the duration is 600 seconds. The motorcycle  classification is 
based on engine capacity and maximum speed of motorcycles ( Table3), 
the test may be performed by using normal speed mode or reduced  speed 
mode as driving cycle selection.  
3.1.2. For motorcycles applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Ve hicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017, six 
consecutive operation s of the driving cycle as shown in Figure 2 should 
be conducted to get test results, the duration is 1,170 seconds.  
3.2 Fuel economy test:   
22 
 3.2.1. When conductin g the motorcycle urban driving cycle fuel economy test, 
the gear positions during acceleration, deceleration, or with constant speed , 
the deviation tolerance from stipulated requirements during acceleration, 
deceleration, constant speed , idling process and between real vehicle 
speed and regulated vehicle speed should be in accordance with the EPA 
regulation  of” The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for 
Motorcycles”.  
3.2.2. Before the urban driving cycle test can be conducted, the motorcycle 
should be soaked 6~36 hours in a soaking room or when the difference 
between its engine oil or coolant temperature and the ambient temperature 
is within ±2℃. The ambient temperature of the soaking room should be 
between 20 ℃ and 30℃. 
3.3 Calculation of test results  
The fuel economy of driving cycle test should be calculated by using the 
following equation:  
3.3.1. For motorcycles applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017.  
C=100× D /(0.11 8×(0.848× HC+0.429× CO+0.273× CO2)) 
 
3.3.2. For motorcycles applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective prior  to Jan. 1, 2017 . 
) 12722 6.0() 273.0 429.0 (10 3179
24

NHVS CO CO HC CWFS CWF
C
gg
 
Where:  
C: Energy efficiency  (km/L) . 
D: Test fuel density at 15 ℃ambient temperature.  
HC: From sampled emissions and according to p rovision  3.2.1 calculated 
HC value in g/km, and rounded to three decimal places . 
CO: From sampled emissions and according to p rovision  3.2.1 calculated 
CO value in g/km, and rounded to two decimal places . 
CO 2: From sampled emissions and according to provision  3.2.1 calculated 
CO 2 value in g/km, and rounded to one decimal place . 
CWF: Carbon weight fraction  of test fuel . 
NHV: Net heating value of test fue l (J/g).  
Sg: Specific weight of test fu el. 
 
4. Fuel economy calculation for the test using simulated constant speed driving cycle   
23 
 4.1 Motorcycles with engine capacities of 50 cc and under should be tested by using  
constant  vehicle speed of 40 km/h. If the motorcycle’ s maximum speed could not 
reach to 40 km/h, then using its maximum speed for the test and remarked in the 
test report. Motorcycles with other engine capacity class es, a constant vehicle 
speed of 50 km/h should be used for the fuel economy test.  
4.2 When con ducting the motorcycle constant speed fuel economy test, the gear 
shifting positions should be in accordance with the original manufacturer’s 
recommendations.  
4.3 Fuel economy test:  
4.3.1. Before the fuel economy test, the motorcycle should be driven for a t least 
10 kilometers (warm -up) with designated speed as stipulated in p rovision  
1. 
4.3.2.  After warm -up, the motorcycle should be conduct ed three times the fuel 
economy measurement s and calculation s with the designated vehicle speed 
as stipulated in p rovision 1. For each fuel economy measurement, the 
travel distance should be at least 2 kilometers.  
4.4 For each of the previous mentioned constant speed fuel economy test, the fuel 
economy value should be calculated by using the equation described in 3.3, and  
the calculated arithmetic mean value should be utilized as the fuel economy test 
result.  
   
24 
 Appendix  1 Test fuel specifications  
The test fuel must comply with the specifications that prescribed in  the EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for Motorcycles” .  
 
Appendix 2   Chassis dynamometer  
1. The chassis dynamometer should be able to simulate the driving resistance on the 
road, the reference mass and provide cooling function for component parts  of the 
motorcycle . 
2. The driving resistance provided by the Chassis Dynamometer should be calculated by 
using the following equation:  
2bVaF
 
Where:  
F:  Driving resistance provided by the chassis dynamometer (N) . 
a:  Front wheel rolling resistance (N), the values are as shown  in Table 2 . 
b: Air resistance  coefficient （N/（km/h）2）, the values are as shown in Table 2.  
V: Driving speed (km/h).  
3. Equivalent inertia mass of the vehicle: The motorcycle’ s reference mass should be 
simulated by the inertia mass when testing on chassis dynamometer; the correlation s 
between reference mass and equivalent inertia mass are as shown  in Table 2.  
4. When performing the motorcycle test on a chassis dynamometer, a cooling fan should 
be located and facing  the opposite of vehicle driving  direction. The outlet area of the 
cooling fan should be at least 0.4m2, its wind speed should be simultaneously varied 
with vehicle speed; when the vehicle speed is above 10km/h, and the accuracy  of 
wind speed should be within ±10%. The distance between t he lowest edge of fan 
outlet and flour should be between 0.05m to 0.2m.  The distance between fan outlet 
and front wheel of the motorcycle should be between 0.3m to 0.45m.  
5. Accuracy: When simulates driving resistance for conducting the motorcycle test on  a 
chassis dynamometer, if the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to 50 km/h, the 
deviation should be less than or equal to 2% , when the vehicle speed is greater than or 
equal to 30 km/h but lower than 50 km/h, the deviation should be less than or equa l to 
3%, when the vehicle speed is lower than 30 km/h, the deviation should be less than 
or equal to 10%.  
6. The mass of the drive r must be within 75±5 kg . 
 
Appendix 3   Standard Urban Driving Cycle  
1. The definition of Urban Driving Cycle  
Motorcycle test on a chassis dynamometer should be in accordance with correlation  
25 
 between vehicle speed and time is as shown in Table 4 or Table 5 , the driving cycles 
is as shown in  Figure 1 or Figure2 . 
2. Gear shifting timing  
The motorcycle gear shifting should comply with the EPA regulation of “The Exhaust 
Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for Motorcycles”; when in acceleration, the 
acceleration should be  as smooth as possible.  
3. Deviation tolerance  
When driving motorcycl e on a chassis dynamometer, the speed difference between the 
vehicle and Driving Cycle setting should be less than ±3.2 km/h, and the time 
difference should be within 1 second, as shown in figure 1; when driving by following 
the driving cycle as shown in f igure 2, the speed difference should be less than 1 km/h 
and within 0.5 seconds for time difference.  
4. Idle Speed  
When in idling, the principle is to release the clutch, gear in neutral position, and 
throttle in closed idle position.  
5. Acceleration  
5.1 D uring acceleration, try to maintain constant acceleration.  
5.2 If the maximum acceleration of the motorcycle could not reach the settings of the 
Driving Cycle, then full throttle should be used to accelerate the motorcycle to 
the final speed of that accele ration period of driving cycle. The time increased 
should be compensated by the time deduction from the following constant speed 
driving cycle duration.  
6. Deceleration  
6.1 During deceleration, try to maintain constant deceleration. For the following 
condi tions, the clutch should be released.  
6.1.1 Vehicle speed has decreased to less than 10 km/h.  
6.1.2 Engine speed has decreased to less than n idle+0.03 ×(s－nidle) : 
Where:  
nidle: engine idle speed   
 s: nominal engine speed  
6.1.3 In cold start condition during which there is a risk of engine stall.  
6.2 If the deceleration time exceeds the driving cycle deceleration setting, then use 
brake properly.  
6.3 For motorcycle to reach the driving cycle designated constant speed or idling 
duration by release the th rottle pedal or by using brake. If the above mentioned 
necessary deceleration time is less than the driving cycle stipulated time, the 
reduced time should be compensated by adding the following driving cycle’s  
26 
 constant speed or idling duration time, or by using throttle pedal or brake to 
follow the pattern of driving cycle.    
6.4 When the motorcycle is decelerated to zero vehicle speed, its gear position 
should be in neutral and with clutch released.  
7. Constant speed  
In the middle of motorc ycle testing, w hen the driving pattern is changed from 
acceleration to constant speed duration, the increase of vehicle speed should not 
exceed the allowed tolerance.  
  
27 
 Table 1 Test Results Form  
Test Report Number   Client   Test Date  Yr   Mo   Day Tester   
Vehicle  Engine  Transmission  
Make   Engine Type   Transmission Type   
Country of Manufacture   Engine Identification No.   Gear Type   
Vehicle Type   Engine Capacity  L 
gear ratio  1st  
Vehicle Category   Bore × Stroke  mm×mm  2nd  
Year of Production   Cylinder Numbers   3rd  
Vehicle Condition   Idle Speed   rpm 4th  
Width  cm Maximum Power  kW ,at      rpm 5th  
Height  cm Maximum Torque  Nm ,at      rpm 6th  
Wheelbase  cm Fuel  7th  
Curb Mass  kg Fuel Supply Method   8th  
Reference Mass  kg Turbo -Charge Device   9th  
Equivalent Inertia Mass  kg   Remark  
Resistance     Test Results  
T i r e  B r a n d     Simulated Driving Cycle   
Front/Rear Tire Spec .    CO(Carbon Monoxide)  □mg/km □g/km  
Tire Pressure  Fr：   kg/cm2 ,Re：   kg/cm2   HC(Hydrocarbons)  □mg/km □g/km  
Travel Mileage  km   NMHC(Non -Methane 
Hydrocarbons)  □mg/km □g/km  
    NO x (Nitrogen Oxides)  □mg/km □g/km  
    Urban Energy Efficiency  km/l 
    Constant Speed  Energy Efficiency  km/l 
    Combined Energy Efficiency  km/l  
28 
     Urban CO 2 Test Result  □g/km  
    Constant Speed  CO 2 Test Result  □g/km  
    Combined CO 2 Test Result  □g/km   
29 
  
Table 2 Correlation between vehicle reference mass and equivalent inertia mass  
 
 Reference Mass  
 mref（kg） Equivalent Inertia 
Mass 
mi（kg） Front Wheel  
Rolling Resistance  
‘a’（N） Coefficient of Air 
Resistance (remark)  
‘b’（N/（km/h）2）  
95 < m ref ≦ 105 100 8.8 0.0215  
105 < m ref ≦ 115 110 9.7 0.0217  
115 < m ref ≦ 125 120 10.6 0.0218  
125 < m ref ≦ 135 130 11.4 0.0220  
135 < m ref ≦ 145 140 12.3 0.0221  
145 < m ref ≦ 155 150 13.2 0.0223  
155 < m ref ≦ 165 160 14.1 0.0224  
165 < m ref ≦ 175 170 15.0 0.0226  
175 < m ref ≦ 185 180 15.8 0.0227  
185 < m ref ≦ 195 190 16.7 0.0229  
195 < m ref ≦ 205 200 17.6 0.0230  
205 < m ref ≦ 215 210 18.5 0.0232  
215 < m ref ≦ 225 220 19.4 0.0233  
225 < m ref ≦ 235 230 20.2 0.0235  
235 < m ref ≦ 245 240 21.1 0.0236  
245 < m ref ≦ 255 250 22.0 0.0238  
255 < m ref ≦ 265 260 22.9 0.0239  
265 < m ref ≦ 275 270 23.8 0.0241  
275 < m ref ≦ 285 280 24.6 0.0242  
285 < m ref ≦ 295 290 25.5 0.0244  
295 < m ref ≦ 305 300 26.4 0.0245  
305 < m ref ≦ 315 310 27.3 0.0247  
315 < m ref ≦ 325 320 28.2 0.0248  
325 < m ref ≦ 335 330 29.0 0.0250  
335 < m ref ≦ 345 340 29.9 0.0251   
30 
  Reference Mass  
 mref（kg） Equivalent Inertia 
Mass 
mi（kg） Front Wheel  
Rolling Resistance  
‘a’（N） Coefficient of Air 
Resistance (remark)  
‘b’（N/（km/h）2）  
345 < m ref ≦ 355 350 30.8 0.0253  
355 < m ref ≦ 365 360 31.7 0.0254  
365 < m ref ≦ 375 370 32.6 0.0256  
375 < m ref ≦ 385 380 33.4 0.0257  
385 < m ref ≦ 395 390 34.3 0.0259  
395 < m ref ≦ 405 400 35.2 0.0260  
405 < m ref ≦ 415 410 36.1 0.0262  
415 < m ref ≦ 425 420 37.0 0.0263  
425 < m ref ≦ 435 430 37.8 0.0265  
435 < m ref ≦ 445 440 38.7 0.0266  
445 < m ref ≦ 455 450 39.6 0.0268  
455 < m ref ≦ 465 460 40.5 0.0269  
465 < m ref ≦ 475 470 41.4 0.0271  
475 < m ref ≦ 485 480 42.2 0.0272  
485 < m ref ≦ 495 490 43.1 0.0274  
495 < m ref ≦ 505 500 44.0 0.0275  
Class increment  
per 10kg  Class increment 
per 10kg  a = 0.088m i 
Rounded to 2 
decimal places  b = 0.000015m i + 
0.0200  
Rounded to 5 
decimal places  
Remark: regarding the b values as mentioned about, its adjustments should be in 
accordance with the EPA regulation of “The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles ”. 
 
  
31 
  
Table 3  Applicable driving cycle modes for different motorcycle classes  
 
 
 
 
  Vehicle Classification  Mode  
Class  Engine 
Capacity ( ec) Maximum Speed ( Vmax)  Reduced 
Speed  Normal 
Speed  
CLASS 1  ec<150c.c.  Vmax< 100kph  ※ 
 
CLASS 2  subclass 2 -1 ec<150c.c.  100kph≦Vmax<115kph  
※ 
 ec≧150c.c.  Vmax<115kph  
subclass 2 -2 
 115kph≦Vmax<130kph  
 ※ 
CLASS 3  subclass 3 -1 
 130kph≦Vmax<140kph  
 ※ 
subclass 3 -2  Vmax≧140kph  
 ※ 
ec>1,500c.c.    ※  
32 
  
Table 4 Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles applicable to the emission 
standards effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017)  
T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  
0 0,0 0,0 61 29,7 29,6 122 32,8 33,0 183 2,0 0,0 244 32,7 40,9 305 26,9 26,9 366 27,3 27,3 427 40,7 40,7 488 8,8 8,8 549 43,1 33,1 
1 0,0 0,0 62 27,0 26,9 123 34,3 34,4 184 6,0 0,0 245 30,6 36,9 306 26,5 26,5 367 28,4 28,3 428 41,5 41,4 489 13,4 13,4 550 44,6 35,7 
2 0,0 0,0 63 23,0 23,0 124 35,1 35,2 185 12,4 0,4 246 28,1 32,1 307 26,1 26,1 368 29,2 29,2 429 41,7 41,7 490 17,3 17,3 551 45,2 38,3 
3 0,0 0,0 64 18,7 18,6 125 35,3 35,4 186 21,4 1,8 247 25,5 26,6 308 25,7 25,7 369 29,5 29,5 430 41,5 41,4 491 19,2 19,2 552 45,3 41,0 
4 0,0 0,0 65 14,2 14,1 126 35,1 35,2 187 30,0 5,4 248 23,1 21,8 309 25,5 25,5 370 29,5 29,4 431 41,0 40,9 492 19,7 19,7 553 45,4 43,6 
5 0,0 0,0 66 9,4 9,3 127 34,6 34,7 188 37,1 11,1 249 21,2 17,2 310 25,7 25,7 371 29,0 28,9 432 40,6 40,5 493 19,8 19,8 554 45,5 43,7 
6 0,0 0,0 67 4,9 4,8 128 33,7 33,9 189 42,5 16,7 250 19,5 13,7 311 26,4 26,4 372 28,1 28,1 433 40,3 40,2 494 20,7 20,7 555 45,6 43,8 
7 0,0 0,0 68 2,0 1,9 129 32,2 32,4 190 46,6 21,3 251 17,8 10,3 312 27,3 27,3 373 27,2 27,1 434 40,2 40,1 495 23,6 23,7 556 45,7 43,9 
8 0,0 0,0 69 0,0 0,0 130 29,6 29,8 191 49,8 24,8 252 15,3 7,0 313 28,1 28,1 374 26,3 26,3 435 40,1 40,1 496 28,1 27,9 557 45,8 44,0 
9 0,0 0,0 70 0,0 0,0 131 26,0 26,1 192 52,4 28,4 253 11,5 3,5 314 27,9 27,9 375 25,7 25,7 436 39,8 39,8 497 32,8 31,9 558 45,9 44,1 
10 0,0 0,0 71 0,0 0,0 132 22,0 22,1 193 54,4 31,8 254 7,2 0,0 315 26,0 26,0 376 25,5 25,5 437 38,9 38,9 498 36,3 35,4 559 46,0 44,2 
11 0,0 0,0 72 0,0 0,0 133 18,5 18,6 194 55,6 34,6 255 2,5 0,0 316 22,7 22,7 377 25,6 25,6 438 37,5 37,4 499 37,1 36,2 560 46,1 44,3 
12 0,0 0,0 73 0,0 0,0 134 16,6 16,8 195 56,1 36,3 256 0,0 0,0 317 19,0 19,0 378 26,0 25,9 439 35,8 35,8 500 35,1 34,2 561 46,2 44,4 
13 0,0 0,0 74 1,7 1,7 135 17,6 17,7 196 56,2 37,8 257 0,0 0,0 318 16,0 16,0 379 26,4 26,3 440 34,2 34,1 501 31,1 30,2 562 46,3 44,5 
14 0,0 0,0 75 5,8 5,8 136 21,0 21,1 197 56,2 39,6 258 0,0 0,0 319 14,6 14,6 380 27,0 26,9 441 32,5 32,5 502 28,0 27,1 563 46,4 44,6 
15 0,0 0,0 76 11,8 11,8 137 25,2 25,4 198 56,2 41,3 259 0,0 0,0 320 15,2 15,2 381 27,7 27,6 442 30,9 30,9 503 27,5 26,6 564 46,7 44,9 
16 0,0 0,0 77 18,3 17,3 138 29,1 29,2 199 56,7 43,3 260 0,0 0,0 321 16,9 16,9 382 28,5 28,4 443 29,4 29,4 504 29,5 28,6 565 47,2 45,5 
17 0,0 0,0 78 24,5 22,0 139 31,4 31,6 200 57,2 45,1 261 0,0 0,0 322 19,3 19,3 383 29,4 29,3 444 28,0 27,9 505 34,0 32,6 566 48,0 46,3 
18 0,0 0,0 79 29,4 26,2 140 31,9 32,1 201 57,7 47,5 262 0,0 0,0 323 22,0 22,0 384 30,2 30,1 445 26,5 26,5 506 37,0 35,5 567 48,9 47,1 
19 0,0 0,0 80 32,5 29,4 141 31,4 31,6 202 58,2 49,0 263 0,0 0,0 324 24,6 24,6 385 30,5 30,4 446 25,0 25,0 507 38,0 36,6 568 49,8 48,0 
20 0,0 0,0 81 34,2 31,1 142 30,6 30,7 203 58,7 50,0 264 0,0 0,0 325 26,8 26,8 386 30,3 30,2 447 23,5 23,4 508 36,1 34,6 569 50,5 48,7 
21 0,0 0,0 82 34,4 32,9 143 29,5 29,7 204 59,3 49,5 265 0,0 0,0 326 27,9 27,9 387 29,5 29,5 448 21,9 21,8 509 31,5 30,0 570 51,0 49,2 
22 1,0 1,0 83 34,5 34,7 144 28,0 28,1 205 59,8 48,8 266 0,0 0,0 327 28,1 28,0 388 28,7 28,6 449 20,4 20,3 510 24,5 23,1 571 51,1 49,4 
23 2,6 2,6 84 34,6 34,8 145 24,9 25,0 206 60,0 47,6 267 0,5 0,5 328 27,7 27,7 389 27,9 27,9 450 19,4 19,3 511 17,5 16,7 572 51,0 49,3 
24 4,8 4,8 85 34,7 34,8 146 20,2 20,3 207 60,0 46,5 268 2,9 2,9 329 27,2 27,1 390 27,5 27,5 451 18,8 18,7 512 10,5 10,7 573 50,4 48,7 
25 7,2 7,2 86 34,8 34,9 147 14,8 15,0 208 59,9 46,1 269 8,2 8,2 330 26,8 26,8 391 27,3 27,2 452 18,4 18,3 513 4,5 4,7 574 49,0 47,3 
26 9,6 9,6 87 35,2 35,4 148 9,5 9,7 209 59,9 46,1 270 13,2 13,2 331 26,6 26,6 392 27,0 26,9 453 18,0 17,8 514 1,0 1,2 575 46,7 45,0 
27 12,0 12,0 88 36,0 36,2 149 4,8 5,0 210 59,9 46,6 271 17,8 17,8 332 26,8 26,8 393 26,5 26,4 454 17,5 17,4 515 0,0 0,0 576 44,0 42,3 
28 14,3 14,3 89 37,0 37,1 150 1,4 1,6 211 59,9 46,9 272 21,4 21,4 333 27,0 27,0 394 25,8 25,7 455 16,9 16,8 516 0,0 0,0 577 41,1 39,5 
29 16,6 16,6 90 37,9 38,0 151 0,0 0,0 212 59,9 47,2 273 24,1 24,1 334 27,2 27,2 395 25,0 24,9 456 16,4 16,3 517 0,0 0,0 578 38,3 36,6 
30 18,9 18,9 91 38,6 38,7 152 0,0 0,0 213 59,8 47,8 274 26,4 26,4 335 27,4 27,4 396 21,5 21,4 457 16,6 16,5 518 0,0 0,0 579 35,4 33,7 
31 21,2 21,2 92 38,8 38,9 153 0,0 0,0 214 59,6 48,4 275 28,4 28,4 336 27,6 27,5 397 16,0 15,9 458 17,7 17,6 519 2,9 3,0 580 31,8 30,1 
32 23,5 23,5 93 38,8 38,9 154 0,0 0,0 215 59,1 48,9 276 29,9 29,9 337 27,7 27,7 398 10,0 9,9 459 19,4 19,2 520 8,0 8,2 581 27,3 26,0 
33 25,6 25,6 94 38,7 38,8 155 0,0 0,0 216 57,1 49,2 277 30,5 30,5 338 27,9 27,9 399 5,0 4,9 460 20,9 20,8 521 16,0 14,3 582 22,4 21,8 
34 27,1 27,1 95 38,5 38,5 156 0,0 0,0 217 53,2 49,6 278 30,5 30,5 339 28,1 28,1 400 2,2 2,1 461 22,3 22,2 522 24,0 19,3 583 17,7 17,7 
35 28,0 28,0 96 38,0 38,1 157 0,0 0,0 218 48,3 49,9 279 30,3 30,3 340 28,3 28,3 401 1,0 0,9 462 23,2 23,0 523 32,0 23,5 584 13,4 13,5 
36 28,7 28,7 97 37,4 37,5 158 0,0 0,0 219 43,9 50,0 280 30,2 30,2 341 28,6 28,6 402 0,0 0,0 463 23,2 23,0 524 38,8 27,3 585 9,3 9,4 
37 29,2 29,2 98 36,9 37,0 159 0,0 0,0 220 40,3 49,8 281 30,1 30,1 342 29,0 29,1 403 0,0 0,0 464 22,2 22,0 525 43,1 30,8 586 5,5 5,6 
38 29,8 29,8 99 36,6 36,7 160 0,0 0,0 221 39,5 49,5 282 30,1 30,1 343 29,6 29,6 404 0,0 0,0 465 20,3 20,1 526 46,0 33,7 587 2,0 2,1 
39 30,4 30,3 100 36,4 36,5 161 0,0 0,0 222 41,3 49,2 283 30,1 30,1 344 30,1 30,1 405 0,0 0,0 466 17,9 17,7 527 47,5 35,2 588 0,0 0,0 
40 29,6 29,6 101 36,4 36,5 162 0,0 0,0 223 45,2 49,3 284 30,1 30,2 345 30,5 30,6 406 0,0 0,0 467 15,2 15,0 528 47,5 35,2 589 0,0 0,0 
41 28,7 28,7 102 36,5 36,6 163 0,0 0,0 224 50,1 49,4 285 30,1 30,2 346 30,7 30,8 407 0,0 0,0 468 12,3 12,1 529 44,8 32,5 590 0,0 0,0 
42 27,9 27,9 103 36,7 36,8 164 0,0 0,0 225 53,7 49,4 286 30,1 30,2 347 30,8 30,8 408 1,2 1,2 469 9,3 9,1 530 40,1 27,9 591 0,0 0,0 
43 27,5 27,4 104 36,9 37,0 165 0,0 0,0 226 55,8 48,6 287 30,2 30,2 348 30,8 30,8 409 3,2 3,2 470 6,4 6,2 531 33,8 23,2 592 0,0 0,0 
44 27,3 27,3 105 37,0 37,1 166 0,0 0,0 227 55,8 47,8 288 30,4 30,5 349 30,8 30,8 410 5,9 5,9 471 3,8 3,6 532 27,2 18,5 593 0,0 0,0 
45 27,4 27,3 106 37,2 37,3 167 0,0 0,0 228 54,7 47,0 289 31,0 31,0 350 30,8 30,8 411 8,8 8,8 472 2,0 1,8 533 20,0 13,8 594 0,0 0,0 
46 27,5 27,4 107 37,3 37,4 168 0,0 0,0 229 53,3 46,9 290 31,8 31,9 351 30,8 30,8 412 12,0 12,0 473 0,9 0,8 534 12,8 9,1 595 0,0 0,0 
47 27,6 27,5 108 37,4 37,5 169 0,0 0,0 230 52,3 46,6 291 32,7 32,8 352 30,8 30,8 413 15,4 15,4 474 0,0 0,0 535 7,0 4,5 596 0,0 0,0 
48 27,6 27,6 109 37,3 37,4 170 0,0 0,0 231 52,0 46,6 292 33,6 33,7 353 30,8 30,8 414 18,9 18,9 475 0,0 0,0 536 2,2 2,3 597 0,0 0,0 
49 27,6 27,6 110 36,8 36,9 171 0,0 0,0 232 52,1 46,6 293 34,4 34,5 354 30,9 30,9 415 22,1 22,1 476 0,0 0,0 537 0,0 0,0 598 0,0 0,0 
50 27,7 27,6 111 35,8 36,0 172 0,0 0,0 233 51,8 46,9 294 35,0 35,1 355 30,9 30,9 416 24,8 24,7 477 0,0 0,0 538 0,0 0,0 599 0,0 0,0 
51 27,8 27,8 112 34,7 34,8 173 0,0 0,0 234 50,8 46,4 295 35,4 35,5 356 30,9 30,9 417 26,8 26,8 478 0,0 0,0 539 0,0 0,0 600 0,0 0,0 
52 28,1 28,1 113 31,8 31,9 174 0,0 0,0 235 49,2 45,6 296 35,5 35,6 357 30,8 30,8 418 28,7 28,7 479 0,0 0,0 540 0,0 0,0    
53 28,6 28,5 114 28,9 29,0 175 0,0 0,0 236 47,5 44,4 297 35,3 35,4 358 30,4 30,4 419 30,6 30,6 480 0,0 0,0 541 0,0 0,0    
54 29,0 28,9 115 26,7 26,9 176 0,0 0,0 237 45,7 43,5 298 34,9 35,0 359 29,6 29,6 420 32,4 32,4 481 0,0 0,0 542 2,7 2,8    
55 29,2 29,2 116 24,6 24,7 177 0,0 0,0 238 43,9 43,2 299 33,9 34,0 360 28,4 28,4 421 34,0 34,0 482 0,0 0,0 543 8,0 8,1    
56 29,5 29,4 117 25,2 25,4 178 0,0 0,0 239 42,0 43,3 300 32,4 32,4 361 27,1 27,1 422 35,4 35,4 483 0,0 0,0 544 16,0 14,3    
57 29,7 29,7 118 26,2 26,4 179 0,0 0,0 240 40,2 43,7 301 30,6 30,6 362 26,0 26,0 423 36,5 36,5 484 0,0 0,0 545 24,0 19,2    
58 30,1 30,0 119 27,6 27,7 180 0,0 0,0 241 38,3 43,9 302 28,9 29,0 363 25,4 25,4 424 37,5 37,5 485 0,0 0,0 546 32,0 23,5    
59 30,5 30,5 120 29,2 29,4 181 0,0 0,0 242 36,4 43,8 303 27,8 27,8 364 25,5 25,5 425 38,6 38,6 486 1,4 1,4 547 37,2 27,2    
60 30,7 30,6 121 31.0 31.2 182 0,0 0,0 243 34,6 43,0 304 27,2 27,2 365 26,3 26,3 426 39,7 39,6 487 4,5 4,5 548 40,4 30,5     
33 
  
Table 5 Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles applicable to the emission standards effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017)  
 
Step Operating mode  Phase  Accelerate 
rate (m/s2) 
(m/s2) Vehicle speed  
(km/h)  Time (s)  Accumulated 
time 
(s) Manual gear shifting timing  Operate  section  
1 Idling  1  0 11 11 11 6s PM+5s K  
2 Accelerate  2 1.04 0-15 4 4 15 In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles”  3 Constant speed  3  15 8 8 23 
4 Decelerate  4 -0.69 15-10 2 5 25 
5 Decelerate ; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 28 K 
6 Idling  5  0 21 21 49 16s PM+5s K  
7 Accelerate  6 0.74 0-32 12 12 61 In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles”  8 Constant speed  7  32 24 24 85 
9 Decelerate  8 -0.75 32-10 8 11 93 
10 Decelerate; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 96 K 
11 Idling  9  0 21 21 117 16s PM+5s K  
12 Accelerate  10 0.53 0-50 26 26 143 
In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles”  13 Constant speed  11  50 12 12 155 
14 Decelerate  12 -0.52 50-35 8 8 163 
15 Constant speed  13  35 13 13 176 
16 Decelerate  14 -0.68 35-10 9 12 185 
17 Decelerate ; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 188 K 
18 Idling  15  0 7 7 195 7s PM  
note：PM=neutral , clutch engaged   K=declutch   
34 
  
 
Figure 1  Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles applicable to the 
emission standards effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017)  
 
 
 
Figure 2  Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles applicable to the 
emission standards effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017)