DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  
  DUS 2296 -2 
First  Edition  
2021 -mm-dd 
 
 
 Reference number  
DUS 2296 -2:2021 
© UNBS 2021   
  
Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 2: 
Sprays and roll -ons 
 DUS 2296 -2:2021  
ii © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract.  Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2021   
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and mic rofilm, without prior written 
permission from UNBS.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to  
The Executive Director  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
P.O. Box 6329  
Kampala  
Uganda  
Tel: +256 41 4 333 2 50/1/2/3  
Fax: +256 41 4 286 123  
E-mail: info@unbs.go.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  DUS 2296 -2:2021  
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  v 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  1 
4  Forms  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  2 
5 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  2 
5.1  General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  2 
5.2 Active ingredients and synergists  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 3 
5.2.1  Natural repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 3 
5.2.2  Synthetic repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  3 
5.2.3  Synergist content  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 3 
5.3 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  3 
5.4 Heavy metal contaminants  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  4 
5.5 Microbiological limits  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  4 
5.6 Requirements for aerosol containers ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 4 
5.7 Biological  efficacy  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 4 
6 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  5 
6.1 Roll ball construction  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  5 
6.2 Aerosol con tainers  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  5 
7 Labelling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  5 
8  Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  6 
Annex A  (normative)   Solvents not permitted for use in aerosols  ................................ ..............................  7 
Annex B  (informative)   Some common essential oils in natural repellents that may be hazardous  ....... 8 
Annex C  (informative)   Plant -based insect repellents: a review of their efficacy, development 
and testing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  10 
Annex D  (Informative)   Active ingredients for synthetic repellents  ................................ ..........................  19 
Annex E  (normative)   Non -volatile matter  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 21 
E.1 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  21 
E.2 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  21 
E.3 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  21 
Annex F  (normative)   Determination of propellant composition  ................................ ...............................  22 
F.1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  22 
F.2  Results  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  23 
Annex G  (normative)  Determination of delivery rate of the dispenser  ................................ .....................  24 
G.1  Material and apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  24 
G.2  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  24 
G.3  Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  24 
Annex H  (normative)   Net weight delivery  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 25 
H.1  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  25 
Annex I  (normati ve)   Testing of filled aerosol containers  ................................ ................................ ..........  26 
I.1  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  26 
I.2  Interpretation of results  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  26 
Annex J  (normative)   Flame propagation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 27 DUS 2296 -2:2021  
iv © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 J.1  Principle  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  27 
J.2  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  27 
J.3  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  27 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  28 
 
  
 DUS 2296 -2:2021  
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  v 
 Foreword  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade , Industry and 
Cooperatives established under Cap 327 , of the Laws of Uganda , as amended .  UNBS is mandated to co -
ordinate the elaboration of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point fo r the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT  Agreement  of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee  is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of key stakeholders 
including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties.  
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee ar e widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
The committee responsibl e for this document is Technical Committee UNBS /TC 301, Chemis try. 
  
WDUS 2296 consists of the following parts, under the general title Skin applied mosquito repellents — 
Specification:  
 Part 1: Lotions, creams, gels and ointments  
 Part 2: Sprays and roll -ons  
 Part 3: Wipes  
 Part 4: Bathing soaps  
 Part 5: Bracelets, wristbands and patches.  
 Part 6: Jelly  
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  1 
 Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 2: 
Sprays and roll -ons. 
1 Scope  
This Draft Uganda Standard specifies  the requirements, sampling and  test methods for skin applied mosquito 
repellents in form of  sprays and roll -ons meant to be applied directly to  the skin. 
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content 
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated 
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
US ISO 18416:2015 , Cosmetics — microbiology — detection  of candida albicans  
US ISO 22717:2015 , Cosmetics — microbiology — detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa  
US ISO 22718:2015, C osmetics — microbiology — detection of staphylococcus aureus  
US EAS 346, Labelling of cosmetic products — General requirements  
US EAS  377 (all parts), Cosmetics and cosmetic products  
US EAS 846, Glossary of terms relating to the cosmetic industry  
US EAS 847 -16, Cosmetics —Analytical methods —Part 16: Determination of Heavy Metal  Content  
US EAS 847 -17, Cosmetics —Analytical methods —Part 17: Physio -chemical test  
US ISO 24153, Random sampling and randomization procedures  
DUS 2373 -1, Mosquito repellents ― Performance test guidelines ― Part 1: Skin applied repellents  
3 Terms and definitions   
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in US EAS 846 and the following apply. 
ISO and IEC maintain terminological datab ases for use in standardization at the following addresses:  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp  
3.1  
mosquito  
blood -sucking dipterous insect of the family Culicidae. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, and Stegomyia 
are gene ra containing most species involved in the transmission of protozoan and other disease -producing 
parasites.   
2 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 3.2  
mosquito repellent  
substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces which deters mosquito from approaching or settling . 
3.3  
natural rep ellents  
repellents that contain , plant -based compounds  
3.4  
synthetic repellents  
conventional repellents containing chemical compounds manufactured to imitate the natural compounds  
3.5  
roll-on 
cosmetic preparation with the effect of deodorizing and providi ng antiperspirant properties to the body of the 
user. It is packed in a container fitted with a roll -ball. 
3.6  
roll-ball 
spherically shaped object, with the capacity to roll in all directions. It is put at the opening of a roll -on container 
and serves the  role of closing the container as well as dispensing the contents, when rolled on the skin  
3.7  
competent authority  
ministry or government institution in charge of registration of pharmaceutical products . 
4  Forms  
4.1 The mosquito repellent shall be in th e form of:  
a) sprays  
b) roll-ons 
4.2 The spray shall consist of a liquid formulation in a pressurised, non -refillable dispenser, containing 
active ingredient(s), and/or synergist(s) and other formulants including propellants and solvents. It may be 
packag ed in aerosol or non -aerosol dispensers.  
4,3 The roll on  shall also be in form of cosmetic preparation meant to be applied as a roll -on, and which 
contains active ingredient(s), synergist(s) and/or other formulants . 
5 Requirements  
5.1  General requirements  
5.1.1  The mosquito repellent shall contain required amounts of active ingredients and when applied to the 
skin shall have the effect of repelling mosquitos .  
5.1.2 The formulation shall be of uniform colour and shall be free from visible impurities.  
5.1.3 The aerosols shall not contain solvents and propellants listed in Annex A.  
5.1.4 All ingredients shall conform to all parts of US EAS 377  
5.1.5  When applied to the skin, the mosquito repellent  shall have the benefit of repelling mosquitoes and 
shall n ot have a harmful effect to the skin.  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  3 
 5.2 Active ingredients and synergists  
5.2.1 Natural repellents  
5.2.1.1  Active ingredients used in natural repellents shall be natural plant based active ingredients such 
as essential oils or any other plant extract approved as mosquito repellents.  
5.2.1.2  The manufacturer shall provide adequate data on the repellence of such ingredients.  
5.2.1.3  The manufacturer shall have adequate data justifying the proportion of ingredient(s) for which 
claims are made, used in t he product.  
5.2.1.4  The essential oils used in natural repellents shall be safe for users and provide the required 
efficacy. Annex B gives some ingredients (essential oils) and safe concentration commonly used in natural 
repellents.  
5.2.1.5  The concentrat ion of plant -based active ingredient and recommended application shall be safe to 
the user and provide the required efficacy. Annex C provides the efficacy of some plant -based mosquito 
repellents.  
5.2.2  Synthetic repellents  
5.2.2.1  Synthetic repellents shall contain chemical compounds which are able to deter mosquitoes from 
approaching or settling on the surface  
5.2.2.2  The concentration of the active ingredients and the recommended application/use shall ensure 
the declared efficacy and shall be safe and  proved by scientific evidence.  
5.2.2.3  Synthetic repellents and their active ingredients shall be approved and registered by competent 
authority before being released to the market. Annex D gives the list of some of active ingredients used in 
synthetic re pellents  
5.2.3 Synergist content  
5.2.3.1  The synergist content shall be declared and, when determined, the average content measured 
shall not differ from that declared.  
5.2.3.2  The synergist shall be  piperonyl butoxide  (PBO ), sesame seed oil (sesamin, ses amolin) and/or  N-
Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide  (MGK ) 264. The synergist shall be tested in accordance with AOAC 
997.07. The ratio of the active ingredient to the synergist shall be indicated and records availed.  
5.2.3.3  The ratio of the active ingredi ent to the synergist shall be at the ratio range of 1 to 10 parts 
exponent’s active ingredient to 1 part of an insecticide’s active ingredient.  
5.3 Specific requirements  
The mosquito repellent shall comply with the specific  requirements given in table 1. 
Table 1 — Specific requirements  for skin applied mosquito repellents in form of sprays and roll -ons 
S/N Parameters  Requirements  Test methods  
i pH 3 – 7 US EAS 847 -17 
ii Non-volatile matter, % m/m, min  10 Annex E   
4 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 5.4 Heavy metal contaminants  
5.4.1  The pro ducts shall comply with the heavy metal limits given in Table 2 when tested in accordance 
with the test methods specified therein.  
Table 2  — Heavy metal limits for skin applied mosquito repellent s in form of sprays and roll -ons 
S/No Heavy metals  Limit, mg/ kg, max  Test method  
i Lead  10  
US EAS 847 -16 ii Arsenic  2 
iii Mercur y 2 
 
5.4.2 The total amount of heavy metals as lead, mercury and arsenic, in combination in the finished 
product shall not exceed 10 mg/kg . 
5.5 Microbiological limits  
The product sha ll comply with the microbiological limits given in Table 3 when tested in accordance with the 
test methods specified therein.  
Table 3— Microbiology limits for skin applied mosquito repellent s in form of sprays and roll -ons 
S/No Microorganism  Requirement  Test method  
i Total viable count , CFU/g or 
CFU/ml, max.  1000  US ISO 21149  
ii Staphylococcus aureus  (per g  
or per ml ) Not detected  US ISO 22718  
iii Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (per 
g or per ml ) Not detected  US ISO 22717  
iv Candida albicans  (per g  or per 
ml) Not detected  US ISO 18416  
 
5.6 Requirements for aerosol containers  
The product packaged in aerosol containers shall meet the requirements given in table 4.  
Table 4 — Specific requirements for aerosol containers . 
S/N Parameter  Requirement  Test method  
i CFCs Absent  Annex F  
ii Delivery rate g/s, min  0.01 Annex G  
iii Net weight delivery, % m/m, min  95 Annex H  
iv General leakage  To pass test  Annex I  
 
5.7 Biological efficacy  
When tested in accordance with DUS 2373-1, the product shall repel 100 % of the mos quito es from 
approaching or settling on that surface, within protection time indicated by the manufacturer.  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  5 
 6 Packaging   
The product shall be packaged in suitable  well sealed  containers that shall protect the contents and shall not 
react with the product o r cause any contamination during storage, handling or use.  
6.1 Roll ball construction  
If the con tainer is fitted with a roll -on;  
a) the roll ball shall be made of plastic material.  
b) the roll ball shall be fitting on the container such that on holding the c ontainer inside down the 
contents shall not pour out.  
c) the roll ball shall be free rolling, leaving a thin layer of the contents on the skin during dispensation.  
6.2 Aerosol containers  
Filled aerosol containers shall be appropriately classified in terms of flame propagation characteristics of their 
contents when tested in accordance with Annex J.  
Highly flammable  — if the average length of the flame is greater than 0.45 m or if the flame burns back to the 
actuator, or continues to burn when the test flam e is extinguished.  
Flammable  — if the average length of the fla me is between 0.20 m and 0.45 m.  
Non-flammable  — if the product does not burn in the manner described above (Highly flammable) and 
(Flammable)  
7 Labelling  
The containers shall be securely clo sed and in addition to the labelling requirements of  US EAS 346 , the 
following information shall be indelibly and legibly marked on the container:  
a) name of the product  as mosquito repellent ; 
b) form of the product, as “roll-on” or “spray ”; 
c) name and physical address of the manufacture r; 
d) batch number;  
e) date of manufacture  
f) date of expiry;  
g) quantity in the container;  
h) list of active ingredient (s) and their concentration. The deviation from the declared c ontent shall not 
be more than 1 %;  
i) list of other ingredients  
j) net mass of content;  
k) directions for use;   
6 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 l) safety precaution;  
m) special persons whose exposure is prohibited (out of reach of children and pregnant women); and  
n) storage conditions.  
8  Sampling  
Random samples of the product shall be drawn for test in accor dance with US ISO 24153 from the market, 
factory or anywhere else.  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  7 
 Annex A  
 (normative)   
 
Solvents not permitted for use in aerosols  
1)  Benzene  
2)  2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether)  
3)  2-butoxyethylacetate (ethylene glycol monobutyl et her acetate)  
4)  carbon tetrachloride  
5)  chlorobenzene  
6)  chloroform  
7)  1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride)  
8)  2-ethoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether)  
9)  2-ethoxyethylacetate (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate)  
10)  n-hexan e  
11)  2-hexanone (methyl n -butyl ketone)  
12)  2-methoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)  
13)  2-methoxyethylacetate (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate)  
14)  tetrachloroethylene  
15)  trichloroethylene  
16)  Propellants  
NOTE  The Montre al Protocol and EU1 directive on the withdrawal of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) from aerosols were 
noted. Hydrocarbon propellants are recommended for insecticide aerosols, provided international safety standards are 
met by the aerosol producer. Industry shou ld be encouraged to develop alternative and safer propellants and delivery 
systems.   
8 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex B  
(informative)   
 
Some common essential oils in natural repellents that may be hazardous  
Table B1 – Some common ingredients (essential oils) in natural repellents th at may be hazardous  
Common name  Scientific name  Safe concentration 
(%) Hazard  
Anise  Pimpinella anisum  3.6 Based on 0.11 % methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen  
Basil  Ocimum sp.  0.07  Based on 6 % methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen.  
Bergamot  Citrus  0.1  Sensitising a nd phototoxic; skin 
irritant.  
Cajeput  bergamia  0.004  Based on 97 % methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen.  
Cedar  Melaleuca alternifolia  1  Likely allergenic contaminants if 
nootkatone not 98 % pure.  
Cinnamonium  Cinnamonium cassia  9  Sensitising skin irrita nt  
Cinnamomum verum  0.05  Based on 75.5 % of 
cinnamaldehyde, sensitising skin 
irritant.  
Citronella  Cymbopogon nardus  2  Safety is controversial; based on 
0.2% methyl eugenol or 1.3 % citral; 
sensitising skin irritant.  
18.2  Based on 29.1 % gera niol, 
sensitising skin irritant.  
Citronella (java)  Cymbopogon  
winterianius  2 Based on 2 % methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen  
Citrus oils  Citrus sp.  16 – 25   Based on 0.005 % - 0.0025 % 
bergapten; phototoxic skin irritant  
Clove  Syzyguim aromaticum  0.5  Based on 92 % eugenol; sensitising 
skin irritant.  
Eucalyptus  E.globulus,  
E.globulusmaidenii;E  
radiate;E.smithii,   
E.camaldulensis  20  High in 1,8 -Cineole can cause 
Central Nervous System (CNS) and 
breathing problems in young 
children.  
Fever tea, lemon  bush  Lippie javanica  2  Based on 5 % citral in related 
species; sensitising skin irritant.  
Geranium  Pelargonium graveolens  6 Based on 1.5 % citral; sensitising 
skin irritant  
Pelargonium x asperum  17.5 Based on 30.3 % geraniol; 
sensitising skin irritan t. 
Ginger  Zingber sp.  12  Based on 0.8 citral; sensitising skin 
irritant.  
Huon oil, Macquarie pine  Langarostrobus franklini  0.004  Based on methyl euginol; DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  9 
 carcinogen.  
Huon oil, Macquarie pine  Langarostrobus franklini  0.004  Based on methyl eugi nol; 
carcinogen.  
Lemongrass  Cymbopogon citrates  0.1  Based on 90 % citral; sensitising skin 
irritant.  
Lime  Citrus aurantifolia  0.7  Phototoxic skin irritant.  
Litsea  Litsea cubeba  0.1  Based on 78 % cotral; sensitising 
skin irritant  
Marigold  Tagates minuta  0.01  Phototoxic skin irritant  
Mint Menthe piperata and 
spicata  2 Based on 0.1 % trans -2-hexenal; 
sensitising skin irritant  
Nutmeg  Myristica fragrans  0.4  Based on 1 % methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen.  
Palmarosa  Cymbopogon martini  16  Based on 1.2% farnesol; sensitizing 
skin irritant.  
Pine  Pinus sylvestris  Prepare with 
antioxidants  Oxidation creates phototoxic skin 
irritants  
Rosemary  Rosemarinus officinalis  36 Based on 0.011% methyl eugenol; 
carcinogen.  
16.5 High in Camphor CT ( Chemotype)  
22 High in α -Pinene CT  
6.5 High in Verbenone CT  
Rue  Rota  chalepensis  0.15  Based on presence of psoralenes; 
phototoxic skin irritant.  
Tea tree  Melaleuca bracteata  0.0004  Based on 97.7 % of methyleugenol, 
sensitising skin irritant.  
Leptospermum petersonii 
(lemon scented)  0.6 Based on 76.7 % Citral (Geranial 
+Neral), sensitising skin irritant.  
Thyme  Thymus vulgaris  2  Based on 0.1 % trans -2-hexenal; 
sensitising skin irritant.  
Violet  Viola odorata  2  Based on 0.1 % trans -2-hexenal ; 
sensitizing skin irritant.  
Ylang -ylang  Canagium odoratum  2  Based on 4 % farnesol; sensitizing 
skin irritant.  
  
10 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex C  
(informative)  
 
Plant -based insect repellents: a review of their ef ficacy, development 
and testing  
Plant -based repellents have b een used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection 
measure against host -seeking mosquitoes. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through 
ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural p roducts. Recently, 
commercial repellent products containing plant -based ingredients have gained increasing popularity among 
consumers, as these are commonly perceived as “safe” in comparison to long -established synthetic repellents 
although this is so metim es a misconception. Table C 1 gives an overview of repellent plant efficacy from 
literature review.  
Table C1 – An overview of repellent plant efficacy from literature review  
Plant  Location  Other names  Repellent 
compound (s)  Tested mode 
of use  Repellency % 
protection  
MYRTACEAE  
Corymbia citriodora  Australia  
Brazil  
Bolivia  
 China  
 India  
Ethiopia 
Tanzania 
Kenya  Lemon eucalyptus 
Lemon  
Scented  
 Gum Quwenling  Citronellal PMD 
(by product of  
hydrodistillation)  
(p-methane -3,8- 
diol) Citronellol  
Limonene  
Gera niol 
Isopulegol  
δ-pinene  30 % PMD 
applied  
topically  96.88% protection 
from mosquitoes 
for 4 hours  
PMD towelette 
(0.57g) 
applied  
topically  90% protection 
from An. 
Arabiensis for 6 
hours.  
50 % PMD 
applied  
topically  100% protection 
from An. Gamb iae 
and An. Funestus 
for 6 – 7 hours.  
20 % PMD 
(1.7 mg/cm2) 
applied 
topically.  100% protection 
for 11 – 12 hours 
against A. 
stephensi.  
20 % PMD 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 120 
minutes.  
Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  78.7% protection 
from An. 
Arabiensis.  
Direct burning 
(leaves)  70.1% protection 
from An. 
arabiensis  
Periodic 
thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  74.5% protection 
from An. Gambiae 
s.s. 
Periodic direct 
burning 
(leaves)  51.3% protection 
from An. Gambiae  
s.s. DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  11 
 Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  48.71% protection 
from An. Gambiae 
s.l. 
Eucalyptus spp.  Guinea -Bissau  
Ethiopia  
Tanzania  
Portugal   Eucalyptus  1,8-cineole 
citronellal Z - and 
α- citral α - pinene  Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  72.2% protection 
from mosquitoes 
for 2 hours.  
E.camaldulensis  Ethiopia    Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  71.9% protection 
from An. 
Arabiensis.  
72.2% protection 
from 
An.Pharaoensis.  
Direct burning 
(leaves)  65.3% protection 
from An. 
Arabiensis.  
66.6% protection 
from 
An.Pharaoensis.  
Eugenia 
caryophyllus or 
Syzygium 
aromaticum or 
Eugenia aromatic  India  Clove lavang cravinho -
da india  Euginol Carvacrol 
Thymol 
Cinnamaldehyde  100 % 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 225 
minutes  
100% protection 
against An. 
Albimanus for 213 
minutes  
100 % 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 120 
min. 
100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 240 min.  
100% protection 
against An. Dirus 
for 210 min. 
VERBENACEAE  
lippia spp.  Kenya 
Tanzania 
Ghana 
Zimbabwe  Lemon bush  Myrcene  
Linalool α - pinene 
eucalyptol    
L. javanica    Alloparinol 
Camphor 
Limonene α - 
terppeneol 
verbenone  5 mg/cm2 
plant extract 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 8 hours  
Alcohol plant 
extract applied 
topically  76.7% protection 
again st An. 
Arabiensis for 4 
hours  
L. uckambensis   Fever tea   Potted plant  33.3% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s   
12 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Periodic 
thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  45.9% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
Periodic direct 
burning 
(leaves)  45.9% protection 
against  An.  
Gambiae s.s  
Potted plant  25.01% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
L. cheraliera    Eucalyptol 
Caryophyllene 
Ipsdienone p -
cymene    
Lantana camara  Kenya 
Tanzania  Lantana Spanish flag  
West Indian  
Lantana  
Wild sage  Caryophylene  Potted plant  32.4%  protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
Potted plant  27.22% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.l  
Flower extract 
in coconut oil  94.5% protection 
against aegypti 
and ae. albopictus 
for one hour  
Periodic 
thermal 
axpulsion 
(leaves)  42.4% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
LAMIACEAE  
ocimum spp. O. 
americanum  Kenya 
Tanzania 
Zimbabwe 
Nigeria Ghana 
Cameroon 
Eritrea Ethiopia 
(…) Tree basil  
Nchu avum  
Lime basil Kivumbasi 
Myeni  
Madongo African blue 
Basil  
Hairy basil  p-cymene 
estragosl linalool 
linoleic acid 
eucalyptol eugenol 
camphor citral 
thujone limonene 
ocimene and 
others  Potted plant  39.70% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
Potted plant  37.91% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.l  
Fresh plants 
combined with 
O. 
suavebruised 
and applied 
topica lly 50% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.l  
Periodic 
thermal 
axpulsion 
(leaves and 
seeds)  43.1% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
Periodic direct 
burning 
(leaves and 
seeds)  20.9% protection 
against An. 
Gambiae s.s  
100% 
essential oil 
combined  with 
vanillin 5% 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 6.5 
hours  
100% protection DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  13 
 against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 8 hours  
100% protection 
against An. Dirus 
for 8 hours  
O. suave     Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  73.6% protection  
from An. Arbiensis  
75.1% protection 
against An. 
pharaoensis  
Direct burning 
(leaves)  71.5% protection 
from An. arbiensis  
79.7% protection 
against An. 
pharaoensis  
Periodic 
thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves and 
seeds)  53.1% protection 
from An. gambiae 
s.s. 
Periodic direct 
burning 
(leaves and 
seeds)  28.0% protection 
from An. gambiae 
s.s. 
O. basilicum     Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  78.7% protection 
from An. 
arabiensis  
79.2% protection 
from An. 
pharaoensis  
Direct burning 
(leaves)  73.1% protection 
from An. 
arabiensis  
70.0% protection 
from An. 
pharaoensis  
100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
for 70 minutes.  
O. 
kilimandscharikum     Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves and 
seeds)  44.54% protection 
against An. 
gambiae s.l . 
Thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves and 
seeds)  37.63% protection 
against An. 
funestus.  
Periodic 
thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves and 
seeds)  52.0% protection 
against An. 
gambiae s.s.  
Periodic direct 
burning 26.4% protection 
against An.  
14 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 (leaves and 
seeds)  gambiae s.s.  
O. forskolei     Fresh plants 
hung indoors  53% protection 
against 
mosquitoes 
entering human 
dwelling  
Hyptis spp. Hyptis 
suaveolens  Kenya 
Tanzania 
Ghana  
The Gambiae  Bushmint  
Wild hops Wild 
Spikenard Hangzimu 
Hortela -do Myrcene  Smouldering 
on charcoal  85.4% repellency 
against 
mosquitoes for 2 
hours  
Fresh leaves  73.2% repellency 
against 
mosquitoes for 2 
hours.  
Periodic direct 
burning 
(leaves and 
flowers)  20.8% repellency 
against An. 
gambiae s.s.  
Menthe spp. M. 
piperata  Brazil  
Bolivia  Hortela -do-campo 
Peppermint   100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 45 
minutes.  
M. arvensis   Menta  
Japanese mint   100% 
essential oil 
volatilized in a 
kerosene lamp  41% protection 
against indoors 
against Mansonia 
spp. 
Thymus spp. Th. 
vulgaris  China Former 
Soviet Union 
Korea  Middle -
East 
Mediterranean  Thyme  α- terpinene 
carvacrol thymol 
p-cymene linalool 
geraniol  α- terpinene 
topically  97.3% protection 
against Culex 
pipiens sallens for 
82 min.  
Carvacrol 
topically  94.7% protection 
against C. pipiens 
sallens for 80 min.  
Thymol 
topically  91.8% protection 
against C. pipiens 
sallens for 70 min  
Linalool 
topically  91.7% protection 
against C. pipiens 
sallens for 65 min  
p-cymene  89.0% protection 
against C. pi piens 
sallens for 45.2 
min 
100 % 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against An. 
Arbimanus for 105 
min and Ae. 
aegypti for 135 
min. 
Direct burning 
(leaves)  85-90% protection 
for 60 -90 min.  
Pogostemon spp.  China  Patchouli   100% 
essent ial oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
aegypti for 120 
min. DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  15 
 Pogostemon cablin  India  
Malaysia 
Thailand  Oriza   100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 150 min.  
100% protection 
against An. Di rus 
for 710 min.  
POACEAE  
Cymbopogon  China  
India Indonesia      
C. nardus  Brazil   citronellal  40% essential 
oil applied 
topically  100% protection 
for 7-8 hours 
against An. 
Stephensi  
100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 120 
min. 
100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 100 min.  
100% protection 
against An. dirus 
for 70 min.  
10% essential 
oil applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 20 min.  
C. martini  Tanzania  
Kenya  palmar osa geraniol  100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically   100% protection 
against An. 
culicifacies for 12 
hours.  
96.3% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 12 hours.  
Topically 
(100% 
essential oil)  98.8% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 10 hours.  
C. citratus  USA  
South Africa 
Bolivia  Lemongrass oil  Citral α - pinene  Topically 
(100% 
essential oil)  74% protection 
against An. 
Darling for 2.5 
hours  
95% protection 
against Mansonia 
spp. for 2.5 hours  
Methanol leaf 
extract applied 
topically 
(2.5mg/m2)  78.8% protection 
against An. 
Arabiensis for 12 
hours  
100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
for 30 minutes.   
16 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 C. winterianius     100% 
essential oil 
combined with 
vanillin 5% 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae.  
Aegypti for 6.5 
hours  
100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 8 hours  
100% protection 
against An. Dirus 
for 8 hours  
C. excavatus     Alcohol plant 
extract applied 
topically  66.7% protection 
againstAn. 
Arabiensis  for 3 
hours  
Pelargoni um 
reniforme   Rose  
Geranium   Alcohol plant 
extract applied 
topically  63.3% protection 
against An. 
Arabiensis  for 3 
hours  
MELIACEAE  
Azadirachta indica  India  
SriLanka China  
Brazil  
Bolivia Pakistan 
Ethiopia Guinea 
Bissau  
Kenya 
Tanzania (…)  Neem  Azadir achtin 
saponins  Direct burning 
(leaves)  76.0% protection 
from mosquitoes 
for 2 hours  
Periodic 
thermal 
expulsion 
(leaves)  24.5% protection 
from An. Gambiae 
s.s. 
1% neem oil 
volatilized in a 
kerosene lamp  94.2% protection 
from Anopheles 
spp. 
80% protection 
from Culex spp.  
2% neem oil 
applied 
topically  56.75% protection 
from mosquitoes 
for 4 hours  
ASTERACEAE  
Tagetes minuta  Uganda 
Zimbabwe India  Khaki weed   Topically  86.4% protection 
against An. 
Stephensi for 6 
hours  
Topically  84.2% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 6 hours  
Topically  75% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 6 
hours  
Fresh leaves 
(4kg)  Reduced human 
landings indoors  
Artemisia ssp.       
A. vulgalis  India  
Egypt  Mugwort wormwood 
St. Johns plant Old 
uncle henry Sailors Camphor  Linalool 
Terpenen -4-ol α- 
and β - thujone β -   DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  17 
 Italy  
Canada  
USA Tobacco  pinene  
A. monosperma  Siberia  
Brazil  Felon herb Naughty 
man Myrcene 
Limonene  
Cineol  5% leave 
extract applied 
topically  100% protection 
for 4 hours  
CAESALP INIACEAE  
Daniellia oliveri  Guinea -Bissau 
The Gambiae  Churai  
Santao  
Santang  
Santango    Direct burning 
(bark)  77.9% protection 
against 
mosquitoes for 2 
hours  
Direct burning 
(bark)  77% protection 
against 
mosquitoes  
FABACEAE  
Glycine max  Worldwide  Soya  2% soya bean 
oil 100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 95 
minutes  
RUTACEAE  
Zanthoxylum 
limonella  Thailand  makaen   100% 
essential oil 
applied 
topically  100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 120 
minutes  
100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasc iatus 
for 170 minutes  
10% essential 
oil combined 
with vanillin 5 
%applied 
topically  100% protection 
against An. dirus 
for 95 minutes  
Citrus hystrix  Indonesia 
Malaysia 
Thailand  
Laos  Kaffir lime  
Limau  
Purut   100% 
essential oil 
combined with 
vanillin  5% 
applied 
topicall  100% protection 
against An. 
Stephensi for 8 
hours  
100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 3 
hours  
100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 1.5 hours  
100% protection 
against An. dirus 
for 2.5 hours  
ZINGIBERACEA E 
Curcuma longa   Turmeric  
Curcuma   100% 
essential oil 
combined with 
vanillin 5% 100% protection 
against Ae. 
Aegypti for 4.5 
hours   
18 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Indian saffron  applied 
topically  100% protection 
against C. 
quinquefasciatus 
for 8 hours  
100% protection 
agains t An. dirus 
for 8 hours  
 DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  19 
 Annex D  
(Informative)  
 
 Active ingredients for synthetic repellents  
Table D1 – List of some active ingredients for synthetic repellents  
Active ingredient  Assessing risks to Health  Assessing risks to Environment  
DEET  
DEET, which  is an acronym for 
N,NDiethyl -meta -toluamide, is one of 
the most effective bug repellents and 
also repels ticks.  Large doses of DEET have been 
linked to skin blisters, seizures, 
memory loss, headaches, stiffness in 
the joints shortness of breath, and skin 
irritation. DEET is also linked to 
neurotoxicity that may lead to 
physiological and behavioral problems, 
especially with motor skills, and 
learning and memory dysfunction.  DEET is absorbed quickly through the 
skin: one study showed that 48 % of 
the applied  dose is totally absorbed 
within six hours. When mixed with the 
sunscreen chemical oxybenzone, it 
was found to be absorbed even more 
quickly. DEET has been shown to 
cross the placenta: in animal studies, 
DEET was found in the fetus and in 
newborns up to th ree months old after 
exposing the mother to the chemical.  
IR 3535  
3-[N-Butyl -N-acetyl] -aminopropionic 
acid, ethyl ester is structurally related 
to #-alanine, which occurs naturally. 
The active ingredient is a liquid at 
room temperature.  IR3535 has been u sed as an insect 
repellent in Europe for 20 years with 
no substantial adverse effects. Toxicity 
tests show that the IR3535 is not 
harmful when ingested, inhaled, or 
used on skin. Eye irritation could occur 
if the chemical enters a person=s 
eyes. Any allerg ic reactions are 
required to be reported to EPA  Because the active ingredient is used 
only in products applied to human 
skin, no risks to the environment are 
expected  
PMD  
(p-Menthane -3,8-diol p -Menthane -3,8-
diol occurs naturally in the lemon 
eucalyptus p lant. The natural oil can 
be extracted from the eucalyptus 
leaves and twigs. For commercial use, 
the active ingredient is chemically 
synthesized. pMenthane -3,8-diol is 
structurally similar to menthol.  In studies using laboratory animals, p -
Menthane -3,8-diol shows no adverse 
effects except for eye irritation. 
Therefore, special precautions were 
put on the label to prevent the product 
from contacting people's eyes. For 
example, "Do not get in eyes. Do not 
apply on face or hands of small 
children." and "Do not  spray directly on 
or near face. Instead, spray in palm of 
hand and spread on face and neck." If 
used according to label instructions, 
pMenthane -3,8-diol is not expected to 
pose health risks to people, including 
children and other sensitive 
populations  Based on laboratory animal studies, p -
Menthane -3,8-diol poses minimal or 
no risks to wildlife. Because of the low 
toxicity and limited uses of 
pMenthane -3,8-diol, it is not harmful to 
the environment  
Picardin  
1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl) -2-
(2hydroxyethyl) pip eridine or 2 -
(2hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidinecarboxylic 
acid 1 -methylpropyl ester. Picaridin is 
an insect repellent that is applied 
directly to the skin. Picaridin appears 
to work by preventing the mosquito 
finding or recognizing its host. 
Picaridin products c an be formulated 
as solids, liquids, sprays, aerosols, or 
wipes.  Picaridin generally is of low acute 
toxicity, and based on the available 
toxicological data, the Agency believes 
that the normal use of Picaridin does 
not present a health concern to the 
gene ral U.S. population  Based on the ecological effects data 
submitted by the registrant, the 
Agency concluded that the product 
should pose no risks to terrestrial and 
aquatic organisms from the proposed 
use pattern. The use should provide 
non-target organisms  extremely limited 
access to the chemical.  
2-undecanone Methyl nonyl ketone Based on the current use patter ns and Due to the repellent nature of the  
20 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 is a dog and cat repellent/training aid 
and iris borer deterrent. The pesticide 
is used in households, paths, patios, 
solid waste containers and on 
ornamental plants. Methyl nonyl  
ketone is formulated as a pressurized 
liquid, granular, liquid ready -to-use 
(pump/sprayer), solid (crystalline), and 
liquid for reformulating use only. EPA 
assumes that the volume of use of this 
pesticide is relatively low.  exposure profiles for methyl nonyl 
ketone, no dietary or occupational risk 
characterizations are required since 
residues in or on food/feed are not 
expected to occur and no toxicological 
endpoints of concern for either short or 
intermediated terms w ere identified.  product, risks to non -target terrestrial 
species is not likely. In addition, 
nontarget aquatic species exposure is 
unlikely because this chemical is 
neither persistent nor mobile in the 
environment and ass ociated use 
patterns.  
 DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  21 
 Annex E  
(normative)   
 
Non-volatile matter  
E.1 Apparatus  
E.1.1 Moisture dish  
E.1.2 Oven  
E.1.3 Analytical balance  
E.1.4 Desiccator  
E.2 Procedure  
Weigh accurately 1g ± 0.2 g of the sample in the dish and place it in an oven at 105 °C ± 2 °C for 1 h. Cool to 
room temperature in a desiccator and weigh the dish. Repeat the process to bring it to constant mass.  
E.3 Calculation  
Non-volatile matter per cent by  mass = ((M 2−M1) ÷𝑀) × 100 
where,  
M = mass, in grams of the material tak en;  
M1 = mass in grams of the dry and empty dish, and  
M2= mass in grams of the dish and dried material.   
22 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex F 
 (normative)   
 
Determination of propellant composition  
F.1 Procedure  
F.1.1 The analysis of the propellant mixture in most aerosols is carrie d out conveniently by gas 
chromatography. For Sampling, a hypodermic needle is fitted to the valve of the aerosol can and 
approximately 0.5 g of the propellant is injected into the heavy duty centrifuge tube closed with serum cap, 
containing about 8 ml of benzene. After mixing, 5μl samples are taken out from this tube with a microlitre 
syringe and injected into the gas chromatograph.  
F.1.2 Two 4572 mm × 6.35 mm OD columns operated at 40 °C are recommended for the analysis 
containing 20 percent weight hexad ecane and diethylhexyl sebacate respectively on silanized chromosorb 
W60/S0 mesh.  
F.1.3 The first column should be used mainly for initial screening and the second column for the 
confirmation and determination of the identified propellants.  
F.1.4 Table F1 lists the relative retention data of the most widely used propellant together with some other 
fluorinate hydrocarbons and benzene used as the solvent IN the two columns.  
Table F 1 – Relative retention data of propellants  
Chemical name  Stationary phase die thylhexyl 
sebacate  Stationary phase hexadecane  
Octafluorocylobutane  0.214  0.122  
1-chloro -1,2,2 trifluoroethylene  0.268  0.196  
Propane  0.275  0.22  
1,2-difluoroethane  0.289  0.141  
Dichlorodifluoromethane  0.296  0.220  
1,2-dichloro1,1.2,2 -tetrafluoromethan e 0.345  0.290  
Isobutane  0.366  0.378  
Monochlorodiflouoromethane  0.368  0.152  
1-Chloro -1,1-difluoroethane  0.402  0.236  
n- butane  0.449  0.527  
Vinylchloride  0.529  0.353  
Trichlorofluoroethane  1.000  1.000  
1,1,2 -trichloro -1,2,2 -tetrafluoroethane  1.254  1.342  
Dichloromonofluoroethane  1.354  0.515  
1,2-dibromo -1,1,2,2 tetrafluoroethane  1.634  1.363  
Methylene Chloride  2.565  1.070  
Benzene  6.786  5.661  
 DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  23 
 F.2  Results  
The sample shall be considered as having failed the test if it contains any of the above CFCs .  
24 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex G 
 (normative)   
Determination of delivery rate of the dispenser  
G.1  Material and apparatus  
The following material and apparatus shall be used in this test  
G.1.1  Any suitable timing device  
G.1.2  Balance  
Having accuracy to 0.01 g and with a capaci ty greater than 500 g.  
G.1.3  Pair of gloves  
Made of cloth or fabric or towel for handling dispensers during test.  
G.1.4  Pair of tongs  
For removing dispensers from water bath.  
G.1.5  Water bath  
Set at 26 °C ± 0.3 °C, thermostatically controlled.  
G.2  Procedure  
G.2.1  Hold a dispenser upright, spray for two seconds to fill the eduction tube. Then weigh the dispenser  
G.2.2  Submerge the dispenser into the water bath for 15 minutes using tongs, remove the dispenser from 
the bath and immediately dry t he container with a towel Spray the dispenser in one continuous burst for 10 
seconds. Re -weigh the dispenser.  
G.2.3  Repeat the procedure and take an average of three tests. The difference between the maximum and 
minimum delivery rates shall not exceed 0. 2 g per second.  
G.3  Calculation  
Calculate the delivery rate according to the following formula;  
Delivery rate (in g per second) = ( 𝑀1−𝑀2) ÷ 𝑁 
where,  
M1 = initial weight of the dispenser in grams  
M2 = final weight of the dispenser in grams  
N = time in seconds  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  25 
 Annex H  
(normative)  
 
 Net weight delivery  
H.1  Procedure  
H.1.1  For the determination of the net weight delivery, a ra ndom sample of at least three packages is 
selected. After the removal of any dust cover or caps not required for dispensing the product, the gross weight 
of each package is determined and after shaking for 15 sec, the content of the lightest container is d rained by 
holding the valve wide open. Now the  exhausted container is weighed . The result is called wet – tare weight 
and is equal to the weight of the container plus any product remaining after draining.  
H.1.2  Consequently, the regeneration allowance is  determined and subtracted from the wet -tare weight to 
obtain the corrected wet -tare weight. The regeneration allowance is defined as the difference between the 
weight of the product which would be delivered through normal usage and the weight of the produ ct delivered 
by the present accelerated procedure. It is calculated by multiplying the label weight of the container by 0.02 g 
and rounding the result to the next lowest gram.  
H.1.3  By subtracting the corrected tare weight from the gross weight, the adju sted net weight of the package 
is obtained. If this is greater than 95 % of the label weight the lot is assumed to be satisfactory. However, if it 
is less than 95 % of the label weight, the lot is rejected.   
26 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex I  
(normative)  
 
 Testing of filled aerosol containers  
I.1  Procedure  
I.1.1  All filled aerosol containers shall be tested by immersion in a water bath set at 55 °C.  
I.1.2  The container shall be such that the pressure generated within the immersed container reaches not 
less than 90 percent of th e pressure generated within the containers at equilibrium at 55 °C.  
I.2  Interpretation of results  
Any filled aerosol container that shall leak, get distorted or burst as a result of this test shall be considered to 
have failed the test and shall be disc arded.  DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNB S 2021  – All rights reserved  27 
 Annex J  
(normative)  
 
 Flame propagation  
J.1  Principle  
The filled aerosol container is sprayed as a test flame under controlled conditions and length of the burning 
spry cone is measured.  
J.2  Apparatus  
J.2.1  In its simplest form, the apparat us consists of a base marked at 0.15 m intervals, an adjustable stand 
to carry the aerosol container which may be raised or lowered to accommodate differences in container 
height, a means of measuring the burning spray cone (usually a one metre fuel placed  horizontally at the 
same level as the top third of the flame, the hottest part) a means of igniting the spray cone in the form of a 
test flame 0.05 m ± 0.005 m in height (usually a candle flame is used).  
J.2.2 Water bath maintained at 20 °C .This equipment shall be used to bring the aerosol container and its 
contents to equilibrium at 20 °C (Heat the cans to 20 °C in the water bath).  
J.3  Procedure  
J.3.1  Place the aerosol container on the stand. Depress the actuator and adjust the height o f the stand so 
that the spray cone will pass through the upper third test flame (hottest part).  
J.3.2  Bring the aerosol container and its content to the equilibrium temperature of 20 °C. Place the 
container on the stand so that the point where the spray emerges is 0.15 m from the test flame. Then light the 
test flame and depress the actuator for 15 seconds to 20 seconds. Record the total length of the burning spray 
cone and specify whether or not it burns back to the actuator.  
J.3.3 Extinguish the test f lame and record whether the spray cone continues to burn while the actuator is 
depressed.  
J.3.4  Repeat each test twice and record the flame length as the average of the three tests  
 
   
28 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
[1] RS 392 -2: 2018, Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 2: Sprays and roll -ons. 
[2] RS 394 -1, Mosquito repellents ― Performance Test Guidelines ― Part 1: Skin applied repellents  
[3] AOAC 997.07, N -octyl Bicycloheptene dicarboximide (MGK 264), Pyrethrins and Piperonyl Butoxide (PB) 
in Technica l materials, concentrates and Finished Products .DUS 2296 -2: 2021  
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  29 
 Certification marking  
Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction with the relevant Uganda Sta ndard. The 
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the 
certification mark scheme of th e Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda 
National Bureau of Standard s.  
 
 DUS 2296 -2: 2021    
 
ICS 65.100  
Price based on nn pages  
© UNBS 2021 – All rights r eserved