DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  
  DUS 220 
Second  Edition  
2017 -05-dd 
 
 
 Reference number  
DUS 220: 2017 
© UNBS 2017   
  
Hoes — Specifications  
 DUS 220: 2017  
ii © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS  2017   
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written 
permission from UNBS.  
Reque sts for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to  
The Executive Director  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
P.O. Box 6329  
Kampala  
Uganda  
Tel: +256 41 4 333 2 50/1/2/3  
Fax: +256 41 4 286 123  
E-mail: info@unbs.go.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  DUS 220:2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
Hoes — Specifications  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 1 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  1 
4 Designation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  1 
5 Type,  dimensions  and tolerances  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  1 
5.1 Type  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  1 
5.1.1  Plain hoes  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  1 
5.1.2  Fork hoes  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  4 
5.2 Dimensions and tolerances  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  5 
6 Material  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  8 
6.1 Chemical composition  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  8 
6.2 Impact Strength  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 9 
6.3 Hardness  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  9 
7 Construction and finish  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  9 
8 Tests  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  9 
8.1 Impact test  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  9 
8.1.1  Plain hoes  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  9 
8.1.2  Fork hoes  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
8.1.3  Double -headed hoe  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  11 
8.2 Hardness test  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 11 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  13 
 DUS 220: 2017  
iv © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade , Industry and 
Cooperatives established under Cap 327 , of the Laws of Uganda , as amended .  UNBS is mandated to co -
ordinate the elaboration of standar ds and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT  Agreement  of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The wo rk of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of key stakeholders 
including government, academia, consumer groups, private  sector and other interested parties.  
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for appro val and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee UNBS/TC 4, Mechan ical Engineering 
and Metallurgy  
This second  edition cancels and replaces the first edition ( US 220:2003 ), which has been technically revised.  
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  DUS 220: 2017  
 
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  1 
 Hoes — Specifications  
1 Scope   
This Working Draft Uganda Standard specifies the requirements for forged jembes; both plain and fork jembes 
used for digging . 
2 Normative references   
The following referenced do cuments referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content 
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated 
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includin g any amendments) applies.  
DUS ISO 6508 -1, Metallic materials —Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method  
3 Terms and definitions   
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.  
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardiza tion at the following addresses:  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp  
4 Designation  
A hoe shall be designated by the types of eye and the nominal weight given  in Tables 1 to 5, for example plain 
hoe round eye 1.3 kg . 
5 Type,  dimensions  and tolerances  
5.1 Type  
5.1.1  Plain hoes  
A plain hoe may be one of the following types:  
a) Raised eye  plain hoe  DUS 220: 2017  
2 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 
 
Figure 1 — Raised eye plain hoe  
  
 
Figure 2 — Labelled r aised eye plain hoe  
b) Sunken  eye plain hoe  DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  3 
 
 
Figure 3 — Sunken eye plain hoe  
  
c) Hammer head  plain hoe  
 
Figure 4 — Hammer head plain hoe  
  DUS 220: 2017  
4 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 
 
Figure 5 — Labelled hammer head plain hoe  
5.1.2  Fork hoes  
A fork hoe shall have 3 or 4 tines.  
 
Figure 6 — Fork hoe with four tines  
 
Figure 7 — Labelled f ork hoe  DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  5 
 5.2 Dimensions  and tolerances  
The dimensions and tolerances  shall be as sp ecified in Figure s 8 to 1 1 and Tables 1 to 4 
 
Figure 8 — Raise d eye plain hoe  showing dimensions  DUS 220: 2017  
6 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 Table 1 — Minimum dimensions of plain hoe  
Designate d 
weight  
kg Dimensions  
mm 
A B C D E F H J t 
0.7 115 175 30 11O 115 38 40 7.0 2.5 
1.2 150 210 35 110 140 40 40 9.0 2.5 
1.3 165 225 35 110 160 40 40 9.0 2.5 
NOTE  – For details  of the eye  see figure 5 table 5  
 
 
Figure 9 — Hammer head plain hoes showing dimensions  DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  7 
  
 
Figure 10 — Fork hoe dimensio ns 
Table 2 — Minimum d imensions of fully forged fork hoes  
Designates  
weight  kg Dimensions  
mm 
A B C D E F H W 
3 tines  4 tines  
1.2 200 35 8 45 13 32 100 70 46 
1.7 290 35 10 55 16 40 145 85 50 
NOTE  – For details  of the ey e see figure 11 table 4 
 DUS 220: 2017  
8 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 
 
Figure 11 — The eye: Round eye for plain and forked hoes  
Table 3 — The eye: Round eye for plain and fork hoes  
Designate  weight  
kg Dimensions  
mm 
Q 
2 P 
2 R 
2 
 0.7 38 36 31 
 1.2 40 43 31 
1.3 40 43 31 
  
6 Material  
6.1 Chemical composition  
The material used for making both the plain and fork hoes shall be from carbon steel complying with the 
chemical composition by weight given in Table  5 DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  9 
  
Table 5 — Chemical composition by w eight of carbon steel  
Constituent  Specified range  
min. max.  
Carbon  0.55 0.80 
Manganese  0.60 1.5 
Silicon  0.15 0.35 
Phosphorous  - 0.06 
Sulphur  - 0.06  
6.2 Impact Strength  
The hoe shall not show any permanent set, crack or sign of failure when tested  in accordance to  method s 
described in 8.1 
6.3 Hardness  
The blade of plain hoes and tines of fork hoes shall undergo suitable heat treatment and shall  have hardness 
values ranging from 45 to 50  HRC   
A minimum 40 mm from the working end shall be fully harde ned and tempered. Testing shall be done in 
accordance with 8.2 
7 Construction and finish  
7.1 The plain hoes and fork hoes shall be fully forged . 
7.2 Forging shall be symmetrical, well -shaped and fre e from flaws, seams, cracks, and any other surface 
defect . All fins and flashes produced during forging shall be dressed to a reasonably smooth surface. The eye 
shall be symmetrical.  
7.3 The blade of the plain hoes and tine tip of fork hoes shall be given a ground working edge and shape as 
shown in Figures 8 to 12. 
7.4 The plain and for k hoes shall be suitably protected against corrosion  while in storage . 
8 Tests  
8.1 Impact test  
8.1.1  Plain hoes  
The tool is fitted with a temporary handle made from a metal tube and clamped as shown in Figure 1 3. A load 
of 30 kg is applied in increments of 5 kg, suspended from the handle at a distance of 1 000 mm from the eye 
(the handle may not necessarily be horizontal). On removal of the load, the tool must not show any permanent 
set, crack or sign of failure.  DUS 220: 2017  
10 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 
 
Figure 12 — Clamping arrangement for hoes  
8.1.2  Fork hoes  
The fork hoe is fitted with a temporary handle made from a metal tube and clamped with the handle vertical 
and supported below the head as shown in Figure 14 . A load of 30 kg is applied in in crements of 5 kg, 
suspended from one of the tines at a distance of 15 mm from the tip. On removal of the load, the tine must not 
show any permanent set, crack or any sign of failure. Each tine is tested in a similar manner.  
 
Figure 13 — Clamping arrangement for fork hoes  DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  11 
 8.1.3  Double -headed  hoe 
The tool is tested in two stages. Firstly the hoe blade is tested as indicated above in 8.1.1 . Then the fork tines 
are tested as described above in 8.1.2 . 
8.2 Hardness  test 
Hardness  of hoes shall be tested in accordance with the standard DUS ISO 6508 -1. 
9 Sampling  
9.1 Lot 
9.1.1 If the entire shipment is of homogenous quality then in effect, the shipment shall comprise a single lot. 
A sample of specified size may then be selected directly upon  opening the shipment.  
9.1.2 If the lot is composed of boxes (for instance, each from a different manufacturer) then sampling shall 
be conducted in two stages. First select a sample number of boxes and  then select a sample of hoe s from 
within each selected  box. 
9.1.3 Once the samples have been selected, they shall be legibly marked (for example 1, 2, 3, etc.) and the 
box from which they were taken also marked so that each can be sourced back to the box from which it was 
taken.  
9.2 Sample size  
A Zero-based A cceptance Sample shall be selected based on an  Acceptable Quality Value of 2.5 %. The 
sample sizes to be selected are as indicated in Table 6  
Table 4 — Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) of 2.5% 
Lot size  Sample size  
Less than 90  7 
91 to 150  11 
151 to 280  13 
281 to 500  16 
501 to 1 200  19 
1 201 to 3 200  23 
3 201 to 10 000  29 
10 001 to 35 000  35 
35 001 and above  40 
10 Marking  
10.1 Each hoe shall be marked with the following particulars:  DUS 220: 2017  
12 © UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  
 a) manufacturers name and/or trade mark;  
b) batch or code number; and  
10.2 Each packaging material shall have the following information legibly marked on it;  
a) manufacturers name and/or trade mark;  
b) batch or code number;  
c) country of origin  
 DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  13 
 Bibliography  
[1] Agricultural hand tools in emergencies — Guidelines  for technical and field officers  
[2] US 220:2003, Hoes  — Specifications  
 DUS 220: 2017  
© UNBS 2017  – All rights reserved  15 
 Certification marking  
Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction wi th the relevant Uganda Standard. The 
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the 
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda 
National Bureau of Standards.  
 
 DUS 220: 2017    
 
ICS 65.060.20  
Price based on nn pages  
© UNBS 2017– All rights reserved