APPENDIX TABLES Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 115 
 
 
  Table AI.1 
Merchandise exports by group of products, 2007-11 
(US$ million and %) 
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total exports (US$ million) 714,327. 0 781,412.2 580,718.7 769,839.4 823,292.5 
(% of total) 
Total primary products 4.8 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.9 
   Agriculture 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3 
      Food 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 
      Agricultural raw material 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 
   Mining 3.7 4.8 4.4 4.3 4.6 
      Ores and other minerals 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 
      Non-ferrous metals 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 
      Fuels 1.3 2.4 1.8 1.7 2.0 
Manufactures 89.7 88.7 87.5 88.4 88.1 
   Iron and steel 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.7 
   Chemicals 9.1 8.8 10.6 10.2 10.3 
         5822 Other plastics, flat shapes, non-cellular and not 
         reinforced, etc. 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 
         5112 Cyclic hydrocarbons 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 
         5989 Chemical products and preparations, n.e.s. 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 
   Other semi-manufactures 4.2 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.8 
   Machinery and transport equipment 63.3 62.0 58.2 59.5 58.3 
      Power generating machines 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.7 1.7 
      Other non-electrical machinery 13.5 13.7 11.5 13.8 15.4 
         7284 Machinery and appliances for particular industries,          n.e.s. 2.8 2.7 2.1 3.3 3.4 
         7232 Mechanical shovels, etc., self-propelled 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.1 1.2 
         7285 Parts, n.e.s. of machines/appliances of 723.48, 
         727.21, 728.41 to 728.49 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 
         Agricultural machinery and tractors 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 
      Office machines & telecomm unication equipment 14.4 13.2 13.6 12.0 10.6 
         7764 Electronic integrated circuits and micro-assemblies 4.2 3.7 4.2 4.1 3.6 
         7763 Diodes, transistors, etc. 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 
         7638 Sound/video r ecording/reproducing apparatus;  
         video recording/reproducing apparatus 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.1 
         7649 Parts and accessories for a pparatus of division 76  2.1 1.9 1. 7 1.2 1.0 
      Other electrical machines 6.2 6.0 6.4 6.3 6.2 
         7725 Switches, rela ys, fuses etc. for a voltage not 
         exceeding 1,000 V 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 
      Automotive products 22.2 21.9 17.8 19.4 18.3 
         7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, n.e.s. 15.1 14.7 10.7 11.7 10.6 
         7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 722, 
        781 to 783 4.0 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.6 
         7821 Goods vehicles 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.4 
      Other transport equipment 5.4 5.6 6.8 6.2 6.2 
         7932 Ships, boats, etc. (excl. pleasure craft, tugs, etc.) 2.1 2.5 3.7 3.3 3.1 
         7139 Parts, n.e.s., for piston engines of 713.2, 713.3, 
        713.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 
   Textiles 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 
   Clothing 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 
Table AI.1 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 116 
  
    2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
   Other consumer goods 7.3 7.0 7.5 7.5 7.9 
         8719 Liquid crystal de vices, n.e.s.; lasers (excl. laser 
        diodes) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 
         8841 Optical fibres and optical fibre bundles; optical 
         fibre cables other than those of heading 773.1; sheets and
         plates of polarising material; lenses, prisms, mirrors and 
         other optical elements, unmounted, other than such 
         elements of glass 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 
Other 5.5 5.4 6.7 6.0 6.0 
         9710 Gold, non-monetary (excl. gold ores and 
         concentrates) 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.2 
 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3).  Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 117 
 
 
  Table AI.2 
Merchandise imports by group of products, 2007-11 
(US$ million and %) 
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total imports (US$ million) 622,243. 3 762,533.9 551,984.8 692,620.6 854,626.4 
(% of total) 
Total primary products 47.7 53.5 46.2 48.0 51.4 
   Agriculture 11.1 10.6 12.3 11.2 11.2 
      Food 8.9 8.7 10.5 9.2 9.2 
         1222 Cigarettes cont aining tobacco 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 
      Agricultural raw material 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0 
   Mining 36.6 43.0 33.9 36.8 40.2 
      Ores and other minerals 5.3 4.7 4.4 5.5 5.4 
         2815 Iron ores and concentrat es, not agglomerated 1.2 1.5 1.4 2.0 2.3 
         2831 Copper ores and concentrates 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.4 
      Non-ferrous metals 3.5 3.1 1.9 2.6 2.6 
         6841 Aluminium and aluminium alloys, 
         unwrought 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.8 
         6812 Platinum  unwrought, unworked or semi- 
         manufactured 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.7 
      Fuels 27.8 35.1 27.6 28.7 32.1 
         3330 Crude oils of petroleum and bituminous 
         minerals 16.7 20.4 14.5 15.3 16.6 
         3431 Natural gas, liquefied 4.3 5.9 5.5 5.7 7.0 
         3212 Other coal, whether or pulverized, not 
         agglomerated 2.3 3.7 3.9 3.3 3.5 
         3421 Propane, liquefied 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 
Manufactures 50.5 44.7 51.7 50.1 47.1 
   Iron and steel 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.4 
   Chemicals 7.3 7.2 8.8 8.8 8.8 
         5429 Medicaments, n.e.s. 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 
         5157 Other heterocyclic co mpounds; nucleic acids 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.7 
   Other semi-manufactures 3.9 3.3 3.9 3.6 3.5 
   Machinery and transport equipment 24.2 20.8 23.0 23.3 20.8 
      Power generating machines 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.9 
      Other non-electrical machinery 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 
         Agricultural machinery and tractors 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 
      Office machines & telecomm unication equipment 11.2 9.5 11.2 11.9 10.2 
         7764 Electronic integrated circuits and micro- 
        assemblies 3.4 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.1 
         7643 Radio or television tr ansmission apparatus 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.7 1.1 
         7522 Data processing machines, with at least  
        processing, input a nd output units 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 
         7649 Parts and accessories for apparatus of division 
         76 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.0 
         7611 Colour televi sion receivers 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.7 
      Other electrical machines 3.9 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.4 
         7731 Insulated wire, cable etc.; optical fibre cables 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 
      Automotive products 2.5 2.1 1.8 2.0 2.0 
         7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, 
         n.e.s. 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 
         7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 
        722, 781 to 783 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 
Table AI.2 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 118 
  
    2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
      Other transport equipment 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 
   Textiles 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.1 
   Clothing 3.9 3.4 4.6 3.9 3.9 
   Other consumer goods 8.9 7.6 9.2 8.3 7.5 
Other 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.6 
   Gold 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 
 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade data base (SITC Rev.3). Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 119 
 
 
  Table AI.3 
Merchandise exports by destination, 2007-11 
(US$ million and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total exports (US$ million) 714,327. 0 781,412.2 580,718.7 769,839.4 823,292.5 
(% of total) 
  America 26.5 24.2 23.2 22.3 21.7 
    United States 20.4 17.8 16.4 15.6 15.5 
    Other America 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.7 6.2 
      Panama 1.2 1.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 
      Mexico 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 
      Canada 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 
  Europe 15.8 15.3 14.0 12.8 13.3 
    EU(27) 14.8 14.1 12.5 11.3 11.7 
      Germany 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.9 
      Netherlands 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.2 
      United Kingdom 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.0 
      France 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.0 
    EFTA 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 
      Switzerland 0.4 0.6 1.1 1.0 1.1 
    Other Europe 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 
  Commonwealth of Independent St ates (CIS) 1.8 2.5 0.7 1.2 1.7 
      Russian Federation 1.5 2.1 0.6 1.0 1.4 
  Africa 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 
  Middle East 3.7 4.3 3.7 3.3 3.0 
  Asia 50.6 52.0 56.8 58.8 58.7 
    China 15.3 16.0 18.9 19.4 19.7 
    Six East Asian Traders 28.1 27.9 29.5 30.4 29.6 
      Korea, Rep. of 7.6 7.6 8.1 8.1 8.0 
      Chinese Taipei 6.3 5.9 6.3 6.8 6.2 
      Hong Kong, China 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.2 
      Thailand 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.4 4.6 
      Singapore 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.3 
      Malaysia 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 
    Other Asia 7.3 8.1 8.4 8.9 9.4 
      Australia 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 
      Indonesia 1.3 1.6 1.6 2.1 2.2 
      Philippines 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 
      India 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 
      Viet Nam 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 
Memorandum: 
    APEC 74.3 73.4 74.8 76.4 76.1 
    ASEAN 12.2 13.2 13.8 14.7 15.0 
 
Source : UNSD, Comtra de database. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 120 
  
  Table AI.4 
Merchandise imports by origin, 2007-11 
(US$ million and %)  
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
Total imports (US$ million) 622,243. 3 762,533.9 551,984.8 692,620.6 854,626.4 
(% of total) 
  America 16.9 15.5 16.0 15.4 14.3 
    United States 11.6 10.4 11.0 10.0 8.9 
    Other America 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.4 5.4 
      Canada 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 
      Brazil 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 
      Chile 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 
  Europe 11.7 10.4 12.3 10.9 10.7 
    EU(27) 10.5 9.2 10.7 9.6 9.4 
      Germany 3.1 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.7 
      France 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 
      Italy 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 
    EFTA 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.2 
    Other Europe 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 
  Commonwealth of Independent St ates (CIS) 1.9 2.0 1.7 2.5 2.3 
      Russian Federation 1.7 1.8 1.6 2.3 2.2 
  Africa 2.4 2.8 1.6 1.7 2.0 
  Middle East 18.3 22.0 16.8 17.1 18.9 
      Saudi Arabia 5.7 6.7 5.3 5.2 5.9 
      United Arab Emirates 5.2 6.2 4.1 4.2 5.0 
      Qatar 2.7 3.5 2.9 3.1 3.5 
      Kuwait 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.5 
      Iran Islamic Rep. 2.0 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 
  Asia 48.9 47.4 51.5 52.4 51.8 
    China 20.6 18.8 22.2 22.1 21.5 
    Six East Asian Traders 14.7 13.7 14.5 15.2 15.0 
      Korea, Rep. of 4.4 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.7 
      Malaysia 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.6 
      Thailand 2.9 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.9 
      Chinese Taipei 3.2 2.9 3.3 3.3 2.7 
    Other Asia 13.6 14.9 14.8 15.1 15.3 
      Australia 5.0 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.6 
      Indonesia 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0 
      Viet Nam 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 
      Philippines 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 
Memorandum: 
    APEC 65.0 62.0 66.5 67.0 65.2 
    ASEAN 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.5 14.6 
 
Source : UNSD, Comtra de database. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 121 
 
 
  Table AII.1 
Status of selected notifications to the WTO, 27 September 2012 
WTO Agreement Description of requirement Document symbol and date of most recent 
notification 
Anti-dumping   
Article 16.4 Anti-dumping actions  taken G/ADP/N/230/, 02/08/2012  
Article 16.5 Domestic procedures a nd authorities competent to initiate 
and conduct investigation G/ADP/N/14/Add.29 
(G/SCM/N/18/Add.29), 22/04/2010 
Article 18.5  Laws and regulations (and changes) G/ADP/N/1/JPN/2/Suppl.7 
(G/SCM/N/1/JPN/2/Suppl.7), 29/08/2011 
 
Agriculture   
Article 18.2 Domestic support (DS:1) G/AG/N/JPN/167, 18/08/2011 
Article 18.2 Domestic support (DS:2) G/AG/N/JPN/168, 18/08/2011 
Article 18.2 Information on tariff quotas ad ministration (MA:1) G/AG/N/JPN/143, 26/02/2009 
Article 18.2 Volume of imports under tari ff quotas (MA:2) G/AG/N/JPN/174, 24/02/2012 
Article 5.7 Volume-based special safe guard (MA:3) G/AG/N/JPN/177, 05/06/2012 
Article 5.7 Price-based special safe guard (MA:4) G/AG/N/JPN/154, 19/03/2010 
Article 5.7 and 18.2 Special safegua rd (MA:5) G/AG/N/JPN/175, 25/04/2012  
Articles 10 and 18.2 Export subsid ies (outlays and quantities) (E S:1) G/AG/N/JPN/176, 01/05/2012 
Article 10 Volume of food aid in the context of export subsidy 
commitments (ES:3) G/AG/N/JPN/173, 18/01/2012 
Article 16.2 Measures concerning the possible negative effects of the 
reform programme on least developed and net food 
importing developing c ountries (NF: 1) G/AG/N/JPN/172, 13/01/2012  
Annex 5 Tariff quotas No notification 
GATT 1994 (Article VII: Customs Valuation)   
 Checklist of issues G/VAL/N/2/JPN/1, 05/05/2000 
GATT 1994 (Article XVII:4(a) Understanding on the Interpretatio n of Article XVII) 
 Notification of products traded by state enterprises 
State trading activities G/STR/N/13/JPN,  11/10/2010 
G/STR/N/14/JPN, 06/07/2012 
Government Procurement   
Article XIX:5 Statistics on government procurement GPA/108/Add.4, 23/02/2012 
Article XXIV: 5(b)  Notification of national implementing legislation 
Laws  and  regulations (and changes) GPA/W/314/Add.5, 06/02/2012 
GPA/111, 09/12/2011 
Article XXIV:6 
 
Article XXIV:6(a) 
 Modifications to Appendix I 
 
Modifications to Anne x 3 of  Appendix I  
Modifications to Anne x 1 of  Appendix I  
 GPA/MOD/JPN/52, 22/06/2010; 
GPA/W/309/Add.5, 11/02/2010 
GPA/MOD/JPN/67, 09/03/2012 
GPA/MOD/JPN/66, 14/02/2012 
Import Licensing Procedures   
Articles 1.4(a) and 8.2(b) Laws and regulations  relevant to import licensing No notification 
Article 5.3 Notification of licensing pr ocedures and changes No notification 
Article 7.3 Questionnaire; rules and information concerning 
procedures for the submission of applications G/LIC/N/3/JPN/10, 04/10/2011 
Table AII.1 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 122 
  
  WTO Agreement Description of requirement Document symbol and date of most recent 
notification 
Subsidies and Countervailing Measures   
Article 32.6 
 Laws and regulations  
 G/ADP/N/1/JPN/2/Suppl.7, 
(G/SCM/N/1/JPN/2/Suppl.7) 
29/08/2011 
 Article 25.11 Countervailing duty actions  taken G/SCM/N/235/Add.1, 24/04/2012 
Article 25.1 Subsidies programmes G/SCM/N/220/JPN, 29/06/2011 
Article 25.12 Notification of domes tic procedures and authorities 
competent to initiate and conduct investigations No notification 
Safeguards   
Article 12.6 Laws and regulations  G/SG/Q1/JPN/8, 22/04/2010 
Article 12.5 Notification of termination of  safeguard investiga tion No notification 
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures   
Article 6, Annex B Notification of emerge ncy measures G/SPS/N/JPN/189, 26/ 07/2007 
Article 5, Annex B 
 
Article 7, Annex B Notification of changes in sanitary and phytosanitary 
measures 
Notification of sanitary / phytosanitary regulations G/SPS/N/JPN/257, 09/08/ 2010 
 
G/SPS/N/JPN/301, 13/07/2012 
Technical Barriers to Trade   
Article 2.9 
Article 2.9 and 5.6  
Article 15.2 Technical regulations 
Technical regulations and conformity assessment 
procedures 
Laws and regulations (and changes) G/TBT/N/JPN/403, 16/07/2012 
G/TBT/N/JPN/380, 16/02/2012  
No notification 
Article 10.6 Information about tec hnical regulations, standards, and 
conformity assessment procedures G/TBT/N/JPN/383, 28/03/2012 
TRIMs   
Article 5.1 Investment measures No notification 
TRIPS   
Article 63.2 Laws and regulations IP/N/1/JPN/11, 03/05/2012; 
IP/N/1/JPN/U/1, 29/02/2012 IP/N/1/JPN/D/4, 28/03/2008; IP/N/1/JPN/T/4, 31/03/2008; IP/N/1/JPN/P/8, 23/04/2008; IP/N/1/JPN/C/5, 18/03/2008; IP/N/1/JPN/E/1, 29/01/1997; IP/N/1/JPN/G/1,  19/03/2008; 
IP/N/1/JPN/L/1, 11/07/1996; 
IP/N/1/JPN/O/4, 19/09/2008
 
Article 69 Contact points IP/N/7/Rev.3, 17/02/2010 
Article 4(d) Notification of intern ational agreements related to the 
protection of intellectual prope rty that entered into force 
prior to the entry into fo rce of the WTO Agreement No notification 
Table AII.1 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 123 
 
 
  WTO Agreement Description of requirement Document symbol and date of most recent 
notification 
General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)   
Article III:3 Changes to laws and regula tions affecting servi ces No notification 
Article VII:4 
 Article  V:7 (a) Monopolies and exclusive providers of services 
Economic integration agreements No notification 
WT/REG309/N/1  
S/C/N/617, 24/02/2012 
Regional Trade Agreements  
 Notification of regional trade agreement WT/REG257/N/1(S/C/N/470), 12/12/2008; 
WT/REG273/N/1(S/C/N/512), 03/09/2009; WT/REG275/N/1(S/C/N/513), 02/10/2009; 
WT/REG277/N/1, 14/12/2009 
WT/REG277/N/2,  27/07/2011 
WT/REG300/N/1,  15/09/2011 
WT/REG309/N/1, 24/02/2012 
 Notification of changes aff ecting the implementation of a 
regional trade agreement WT/REG/140/N/1/Add.2 (S/C/N/206/Add.2), 
23/01/2008 
 
Source : WTO documents. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 124 
  
  Table AII.2 
Disputes to which Japan has been a party, 2011 to September 2012 
Principal 
complainant/defendant, 
and issue under dispute Consultations/Panel Appeals 
Japan/United States 
(WT/DS322)  
United States Measures 
Relating to Zeroing and Sunset Reviews  Consultations requested:  24 November 2004 
Panel requested:  4 February 2005 Panel established: 28 February 2005 
Panel report circulated:  20 September 2006. 
Compliance panel composed: 23 May 2008 On 1 August 2008, the Chairman of the 
compliance panel informed the DSB that it 
would not be possible to complete its work in 90 days in light of scheduling conflicts.  The compliance panel expected to complete its 
work in April 2009. 
Compliance panel report circulated: 24 April 
2009.  It concluded that, to the extent that the 
United States had failed to comply with the 
recommendations and rulings of the DSB in the original dispute, the recommendations and 
rulings remained operative, and recommended 
that the DSB request the United States to bring Reviews 4, 5, 6 and 9, and the liquidation 
actions into conformity with the AD 
Agreement and the GATT 1994. 
 Notification of appeal by  Japan:  11 October 2006 
Report of the Appellate Body:  9 January 2007 At its meeting on 23 January 2007, the DSB adopted 
the Appellate Body report and the Panel report, as 
modified by the Appellate Body report 
Arbitration under DSU Article 21.3(c) requested by 
Japan:  29 March 2007 
Arbitrator appointed:  27 April 2007 On 4 May 2007, the United States and Japan informed 
the DSB that they had mutually agreed on the 
reasonable period of time for the United States to 
implement the DSB recommendations and rulings (11 months, expiring on 24 December 2007). 
Request by Japan to the DSB to authorize it to suspend 
concessions (on the grounds that the United States had failed to implement the DSB recommendations and 
rulings) pursuant to Article 22.2 of the DSU:  
10 January 2008. 
Objection by the United States to the level of 
suspension and request for arbitration under 
Article 22.6 of the DSU:  18 January 2008. 
The DSB agreed that the matter had been referred to 
arbitration as required under Article 22.6 of the DSU 
on 21 January 2008. 
On 10 March 2008, the United States and Japan 
informed the DSB of confirmed procedures under 
Articles 21 and 22 of the DSU. 
Request by Japan for the establishment of a panel 
under Article 21.5:  7 April 2008  
At its meeting on 18 April 2008, the DSB agreed to 
refer to the original panel, if possible, the question of 
whether the United States had complied with the DSB 
recommendations and rulings. 
On 6 June 2008, the United States and Japan requested 
the Arbitrator to suspend its work. Accordingly, the 
arbitration proceedings were suspended from 9 June 2008 until either party requests their resumption. 
On 20 May 2009, the United States notified the DSB 
of its decision to appeal to the Appellate Body certain 
issues of law covered in the report of the compliance 
panel and certain legal interp retations developed by the 
compliance panel.   
On 14 July 2009, the Chairman of the Appellate Body 
notified the DSB that due to the time required for 
completion and translation of  the report, the Appellate 
Body would not be able to circulate its report within 
60 days.  It was estimated that the report would be 
circulated no later than 18 August 2009. 
Table AII.2 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 125 
 
 
  Principal 
complainant/defendant, and issue under dispute Consultations/Panel Appeals 
  On 18 August 2009, the Appellate Body circulated its 
report.  It recommended that the DSB request the 
United States to bring in to conformity with its 
obligations under the Anti-Dumping Agreement and the GATT 1994 the measures found to be inconsistent with those Agreements. 
On 31 August 2009, the DSB adopted the Appellate 
Body report and the compliance panel report, as upheld 
by the Appellate Body report. 
  On 23 April 2010, Japan requested the Arbitrator to 
resume the arbitration proceedings.  One of the 
members of the Arbitrator indicated that he was no longer available. 
  On 25 May 2010, Japan requested the Director-
General to appoint a replacement arbitrator.  The 
constitution of the arbitrator  was notified to the DSB 
on 3 June 2010. 
  On 15 December 2010, Japan and the United States 
jointly requested the Arbitrat or to suspend its work in 
the context of informal discussions with respect to 
implementation.  On 12 Se ptember 2011, 7 November 
2011, 30 November 2011, 12 Ja nuary 2012, 1 February 
2012, Japan and the United States jointed requested the 
Arbitrator to continue the suspension of its work. On 
the basis of these requests, the Arbitrator decided to 
suspend its work.  As requested by the parties, the 
suspension will be automati cally terminated and the 
work of the Arbitrator will resume on21 August 2012, unless Japan submits a written communication to the 
contrary to the Arbitrator by 20 August 2012. 
  On 6 February 2012, the United States and Japan 
informed the DSB of a Memorandum of Understanding regarding this dispute. 
  On 3 August 2012, Japan w ithdrew its request for 
authorization from the DSB to suspend the application 
of concessions or other ob ligations under the covered 
agreements pursuant to Artic le 22.2 of the DSU.  The 
withdrawal followed the completion by the United 
States of the steps undertaken pursuant to the 
Memorandum of Understanding notified to the DSB in February 2012. 
  On 14 August 2012, the Chairman of the Arbitrator 
informed the DSB that the Arbitrator had received a 
joint communication dated 3 August 2012 from Japan and the United States in which they stated that as Japan 
had withdrawn is request under Article 22.2 of the 
DSU, the United States accordingly no longer made objections under Article 22.6 of the DSU.  Therefore, 
the United States and Japan requested the Arbitrator to 
notify the DSB that it wa s not necessary for the 
Arbitrator to issue an award in  this dispute. Pursuant to 
this joint communication, th e Arbitrator considered 
that it was not necessary for it to issue a decision on the matter referred to it. The Arbitrator therefore 
considered that it had completed its work. 
Table AII.2 (cont'd) 
 WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 126 
  
  Principal 
complainant/defendant, and issue under dispute Consultations/Panel Appeals 
Japan/European 
Communities 
(WT/DS376) 
 Tariff Treatment of 
Certain Information 
Technology Products Consultations requested:  28 May 2008 
Panel requested:  18 August 2008 
Panel establishment deferred:  29 August 2008 
Panel established:  23 September 2008 Panel composition requested: 12 January 2009 
Panel composed:  22 January 2009 
Final report requested:  29 April 2010 Panel report circulated:  16 August 2010 
At its meeting on 21 September 2010, the DSB 
adopted the panel reports. 
At the DSB meeting on 25 October 2010, the 
European Union informed the DSB that it 
intended to implement the recommendations and rulings of the DSB and that it would need 
a reasonable period of time to do so. On 20 
December 2010, Japan and the European Union informed the DSB that they had agreed 
that the reasonable period of time for the 
European Union to implement the recommendations and rulings of the DSB shall 
be nine months and nine days from the date of 
the adoption of the recommendations and rulings of the DSB.  Accordingly, the reasonable period of time expired on 30 June 
2011. 
On 6 July 2011, the European Union and Japan 
notified the DSB of Agreed Procedures under 
Articles 21 and 22 of the DSU.  At the DSB 
meeting on 20 July 2011, the European Union said that, in June 2011, it had adopted 
measures necessary to comply with the DSB's 
recommendations and rulings.  The adopted measures ensured the full and timely 
implementation of the DSB's recommendations 
and rulings.  Japan said that it was not yet in a position to agree to the European Union's 
claim of full compliance and had a number of 
concerns about the measures the European Union had adopted.  To facilitate the resolution 
of the dispute and reduce the scope of any 
procedural disputes, Japan and the European Union had concluded a sequencing agreement.  
Japan/Canada 
(WT/DS412)  
Certain measures 
affecting the renewable energy generation sector 
 Consultation requested:  13 September 2010 
Panel requested: 1 June 2011 Panel establishment deferred:  17 June 2011 
Panel established:  20 July 2011 
  
Table AII.2 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 127 
 
 
  Principal 
complainant/defendant, and issue under dispute Consultations/Panel Appeals 
Japan/China 
(WT/DS433) 
 
Measures Related to the 
Exportation of Rare 
Earths, Tungsten and 
Molybdenum 
 Consultation requested:  13 March 2012 
Panel requested: 27 June 2012 
Panel establishment deferred:  10 July 2012 
Panel established:  23 July 2012   
Japan/Argentina 
(WT/DS445)  
Measures Affecting the 
Importation of Goods Consultation requested:  21 August 2012 
  
 
Note: The table excludes disputes in whic h Japan participated as a third party. 
 
Source:  WTO documents. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 128 
  
  Table AII.3 
Overview of Japan's Free-Trade Agreements, 2011 
JAPAN–ASEAN  
Parties Japan, ASEAN countries 
Date of signature/entry into force Signed by: Singapore on 26.03.2008;  Japan on 28.03.2008;  Indonesia on 31.03.2008;  
Viet Nam on 01.04.2008;  the Philippines on 02.04.2008;  Brune i on 03.04.2008;  Lao 
PDR on 04.04.2008;  Cambodia on 07.04.2008;  Myanmar on 10.04.2008;  Thailand on 11.04.2008;  and Malaysia on 14.04.2008.  
Entered into force between Japan and:  Lao PDR, Myanmar, Singapore, and Viet Nam  on  
01.12.2008;  Brunei on 01.01.2009;  Malays ia on 01.02.2009;  Thailand on 01.06.2009;  
Cambodia  on 01.12.2009; and th e Philippines on 01.07.2010. 
Transition for full implementation Completed in 2008 for Singapore;  to be completed in 2018 for Brunei, Indonesia, 
Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand;  in 2023 for Japan;  in 2024 for  Viet Nam;  and 
in 2026 for Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and its products, fish and fish products, dairy products, cereals 
(rice) and products thereof, products of the milling industry, animal/vegetable fats and 
oils, sugar and its confectionary, leathe r and its products, plywood, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from ASEAN: 14.6%;  Exports from ASEAN:  15% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free   
Japan commercial services trade (2011) Impor ts from ASEAN:-  Exports from ASEAN: - 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/277/N/1 and WT/REG/277/N/2 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.g o.jp/ and http://www.aseansec.org/ 
JAPAN-Brunei Darussalam 
Parties Japan, Brunei 
Date of signature/entry into force 18 June 2007 / 31 July 2008 
Transition for full implementation To be completed in 2018 for Brunei;  in 2023for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat products , fish and fish products, dairy products, rice, 
pineapples, products of the milling industry,  firework, plywood, leather and products 
thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Brunei: 0.6%;  Exports from Brunei:  0.0% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free   
Related WTO documents WT/REG/244/N/1, WT/REG /244/1 to 3, WT/244/M/1  and S/C//N/466 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.g o.jp/ and  http://www.mofat.gov.bn/ 
JAPAN-Chile 
Parties Japan, Chile 
Date of signature/entry into force 27 March 2007 / 3 September 2007 
Transition for full implementation 2022 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat produc ts, fish and fish products, dairy products, 
pineapples, rice, products of the milling industr y, plywood, leather and products thereof, 
and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Chile: 1.2%;  Exports from Chile:  0.3% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Im ports from Chile: - Exports from Chile: - 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/234/N/1, WT/REG /234/1, WT/REG/234/27Rev1,  WT/REG/234/3, 
WT/REG/234/M/1, S/C/N/398 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.g o.jp/ and http:// www.direcon.gob.cl/ 
 Table AII.3 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 129 
 
 
   
JAPAN-India 
Parties Japan, India 
Date of signature/entry into fo rce 16 February 2011 / 1 August 2011 
Transition for full implementation 2026 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat produc ts, fish and fish products, dairy products, 
cereals (rice), and product thereof, sugar, pineapples, bananas, leather and products 
thereof, and footwear.  
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from India: 0.8%;  Exports to India:  1.3% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports from India 0.5%;  Exports to India: 1.5% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/300/N/1 and S/C/N/601 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/  and http://www.commerce.nic.in/ 
JAPAN-Indonesia 
Parties Japan, Indonesia  
Date of signature/entry into force 20 August 2007 / 1 July 2008 
Transition for full implementation 2023 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat products , fish and fish products, dairy products, rice, 
pineapples, products of the milling industry,  plywood, leather and products thereof, and 
footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from I ndonesia: 4.0%;  Exports to Indonesia: 2.2% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports fr om Indonesia:1.2%;  Exports to Indonesia: 1.7% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/241/N/1, WT/REG/241/ 1, WT/REG/241/2, WT/REG/241/3, WT/REG/241/M/1 
and S/C/N/462 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp / and http://ditjenkpi.depdag.go.id/ 
JAPAN-Malaysia 
Parties Japan, Malaysia 
Date of signature/entry into force 13 December 2005 / 13 July 2006 
Transition for full implementation To be completed in 2016 for Malaysia; in 2021 for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat produc ts, fish and fish products, dairy products, 
pineapples, rice, wheat,  plywood, leathe r and products thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Malaysia: 3.6%;  Exports to Malaysia: 2.3% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports fr om Malaysia: 0.8%;  Exports to Malaysia: 0.8% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/216/N/1, WT/REG /216/2, WT/REG/216/2/Corr.1, WT/REG/216/3, 
WT/REG/216/3/Add.1, WT/R EG/216/M/1 and S/C/N/371  
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ and http://www.miti.gov.my/cms/index.jsp 
 Table AII.3 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 130 
  
   
JAPAN-Mexico 
Parties Japan, Mexico 
Date of signature/entry into force 17 September 2004 / 1 April 2005 
Transition for full implementation 2015 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat produc ts, fish and fish products, dairy products, 
apples, rice, wheat, plywood, leather and products thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Mexico: 0.5%;  Exports to Mexico: 1.2% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports from Mexico: 0.2%;  Exports to Mexico: 0.5% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/198/N/1, WT/REG/198/ 1, WT/REG/198/4, WT/REG/198/5, WT/REG/198/6, 
WT/REG/198/M/1, WT/REG/198/ M/1/Add.1 and S/C/N398 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.g o.jp/ and http://www.economia.gob.mx/ 
JAPAN-Peru 
Parties Japan, Peru 
Date of signature/entry into force 31 May 2011 / 1 March 2012 
Transition for full implementation 2027 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat products , fish and fish products, dairy products, rice, 
wheat, plywood, leather and produc ts thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Peru: 0.3%;  Exports from Peru: 0.1% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Impor ts from Peru: -;  Exports to Peru: - 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/309/N/1 and S/C/N/617 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ and http://www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/ 
JAPAN-Philippines 
Parties Japan, the Philippines 
Date of signature/entry into force 9 September 2006 / 11 December 2008 
Transition for full implementation To be completed in 2018 for the Philippines;  in 2023 for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat produc ts, fish and fish products, dairy products, 
products of the milling industry, plywood, l eather and products thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade ( 2011) Imports from the Phili ppines: 1.0%;  Exports to the Philippines: 1.4% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010)  Imports from the Philippines: 1.1%;  Exports to the Philippines: 0.8% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/257/N/1, WT/REG/ 257/1, WT/REG/257/2/Rev. 1, WT/REG/257/M/1 and 
S/C/N/470 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ 
JAPAN-Singapore 
Parties Japan, Singapore 
Date of signature/entry into force 13 January 2002 / 30 November 2002 
Transition for full implementation Completed in 2002 for Singapore; in 2010  for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and its products, fish and fish products, dairy products, cereals 
(rice) and products thereof, products of the milling industry, animal/vegetable fats and 
oils, sugar and sugar confectionary, leather and leather products, pl ywood, and footwear 
 Table AII.3 (cont'd)  Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 131 
 
 
    
JAPAN-Singapore (cont'd)   
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Si ngapore: 1.0%;  Exports from Singapore: 3.3% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports fr om Singapore: 5.2%;  Exports to Singapore: 9.1% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/140/N/1, WT/REG/140/ N/1/Add.1, WT/REG/140/N1/Add.2, WT/REG/140/1, 
WT/REG/140/3 to 7, WT/REG/140/M/1, WT /REG/140/M/1/Corr.1, WT/REG/140/M/2, 
WT/REG/140/M/3, S/C/N/206 , S/C/N/206/Add.2/Corr.1 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ and http://www.iesingapor e.gov.sg/wps/portal 
JAPAN-Switzerland  
Parties Japan, Switzerland 
Date of signature/entry into force 19 February 2009 / 1 September 2009 
Transition for full implementation Completed in 2009 for Switzerland;  to be completed in 2024 for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat of swine, da iry products, potatoes, sweet corn, cereals, 
margarine, sugar, plywood, leather and products thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Swit zerland: 0.9%;  Exports to Switzerland: 1.1% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports from  Switzerland: 1.8%;  Exports to Switzerland: 1.6% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/273/N/1, WT/REG/273/ 1/Rev.1, WT/REG/273/2/Rev.1;  WT/REG/273/3, 
WT/REG/273/M/1 and S/C/N/512 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go. jp/ and http://www.seco.admin.ch/ 
JAPAN-Thailand  
Parties Japan, Thailand 
Date of signature/entry into force 3 April 2007 / 1 November 2007 
Transition for full implementation To be completed in 2017 for Thailand; in 2022 for Japan 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat products , fish and fish products, dairy products, rice, 
products of the milling industry, plywood, l eather and products thereof, and footwear  
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Thai land: 2.9%;  Exports to Thailand: 4.6%   
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports from  Thailand: 1.9%;  Exports to Thailand: 2.1%   
Related WTO documents WT/REG/235/N/1, WT/REG /235/1, WT/REG/235/1/Rev.1, WT/REG/235/2, 
WT/REG/235/M/1 and S/C/N/419 
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ and http://www.mfa.go.th/main/ 
JAPAN-Viet Nam  
Parties Japan, Viet Nam 
Date of signature/entry into force 25 December 2008 / 1 October 2009 
Transition for full implementation To be completed in 2024 for Ja pan;  in 2025 for Viet Nam 
Main products excluded from 
liberalization Certain tariff lines in meat and meat products , fish and fish products, dairy products, rice, 
wheat and products thereof, barley, plywood, leather and products thereof, and footwear 
Japan merchandise trade (2011) Imports from Viet Nam: 1.4%;  Exports to Viet Nam:  1.2% 
of which preferential  
of which duty-free  
Japan commercial services trade (2010) Imports from  Viet Nam: 0.5%  Exports to Viet Nam: 0.6% 
Related WTO documents WT/REG/275/N/1, WT/R EG/275/1/Rev.1, WT/REG /275/1/Rev.1/Corr.1, 
WT/REG/275/2, WT/REG/275/2/Add.1,  WT/REG/275/M/1 and S/C/N/513  
Relevant websites http://www.mofa.go.jp/ 
 
Source: WTO Secretariat;  and Information provided by the Japanese authorities.  WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 132 
  
  Table AIII.1 
Japan's MFN tariff summary, FY2012  
 Number 
of lines Average 
(%) Range (%) Standard 
deviation Duty free 
(%) 
Total 9,168 6.3 0-515.6 20.5 40.5 
By WTO category 
WTO agricultural products 1,811 17.5 0-515.6 41.6 26.0 
   Animals and products thereof 234 10.4 0-67.8 13.8 37.6 
   Dairy products 64 65.2 21.3-409.8 70.1 0.0 
   Fruit, vegetables, and plants 495 16.4 0-515.6 56.3 15.2 
   Coffee and tea 62 19.1 0-152.6 19.7 11.3 
   Cereals and preparations 348 26.5 0-327.4 41.0 9.8 
   Oils seeds, fats, oil and their products 133 3.3 0-29.8 4.4 42.9 
   Sugars and confectiona ry 49 41.7 0-218.6 42.3 6.1 
   Beverages, spirits and tobacco 145 18.0 0-75.9 13.9 21.4 
   Cotton 5 0.0 0-0 0.0 100.0 
   Other agricultural products, n.e.s. 276 6.2 0-298.8 26.7 61.6 
WTO non-agricultural products  7,357 3.7 0-295.2 8.4 44.1 
   Fish and fishery products 500 6.2 0-15 3.7 4.6 
   Minerals and metals 1,263 0.9 0-10 1.6 72.5 
   Chemicals and photographic supplies 1,178 2.5 0-6.5 1.8 31.2 
   Wood, pulp, paper and furniture 449 1.8 0-10 2.8 66.1 
   Textiles 1,480 5.6 0-25 2.5 4.5 
   Clothing 516 9.2 0-13.4 2.0 0.8 
   Leather, rubber, footwear a nd travel goods 318 15.9 0-295.2 34.9 39.3 
   Non-electric machinery 603 0.0 0-0 0.0 100.0 
   Electric machinery 314 0.1 0-4.8 0.6 97.8 
   Transport equipment 134 0.0 0-0 0.0 100.0 
   Non-agricultural products, n.e.s. 512 1.3 0-8.4 2.3 72.5 
   Petroleum 90 1.5 0-7.9 1.7 32.2 
By ISIC sector  (excluding electricity - 1 line)  
   ISIC 1 - Agriculture, hunting and fishing 674 5.2 0-298.8 15.9 45.8 
   ISIC 2 - Mining 113 0.1 0-4.1 0.5 96.5 
   ISIC 3 - Manufacturing 8,381 6.5 0-515.6 21.0 39.3 
        Manufacturing excluding food processing 6,783 3.6 0-295.2 9.5 45.8 
By stage of processing 
   First stage of processing 1,171 8.0 0-515.6 41.3 51.3 
   Semi-processed products 3,404 4.8 0-218.6 9.1 27.1 
   Fully processed products 4,593 7.0 0-409.8 18.5 47.7 
By HS section 
  01  Live animals and products 713 11.5 0-409.8 27.4 18.0 
  02  Vegetable products 586 16.3 0-515.6 58.9 31.4 
  03  Fats and oils 91 4.6 0-29.8 4.7 26.4 
  04  Prepared food, beverages and tobacco 796 19.3 0-321.1 24.8 10.1 
  05  Mineral products 255 0.7 0-7.9 1.4 68.2 
  06  Chemicals and products thereof 1,078 2.3 0-36.9 2.4 37.1 
  07  Plastics, rubber, and articles thereof 296 2.5 0-6.5 1.9 34.8 
  08  Raw hides and skins, leather, and products  
        thereof 193 10.5 0-30 10.8 33.7 
Table AIII.1 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 133 
 
 
   Number 
of lines Average 
(%) Range (%) Standard 
deviation Duty free 
(%) 
  09  Wood and articles of wood 264 3.4 0-10 3.0 36.0 
  10  Pulp of wood, paper and paperboard 165 0.0 0-0 0.0 100.0 
  11  Textiles and clothing 1,980 6.8 0-146.1 7.5 4.3 
  12  Footwear, headgear, etc. 105 31.9 0-295.2 55.4 5.7 
  13  Articles of stone, plaster, cement 163 1.2 0-8 1.7 60.7 
  14  Precious stones and metals, pearls, articles thereof 79 1.3 0-10 2.3 72.2 
  15  Base metals and articles thereof 847 0.9 0-7.5 1.6 72.0 
  16  Machinery, electrical equipment, etc. 921 0.0 0-4.8 0.3 99.2 
  17  Transport equipment 145 0.1 0-8.4 0.7 99.3 
  18  Precision equipment 272 0.2 0-16 1.5 96.7 
  19  Arms and ammunition 22 6.9 5.4-8.4 1.5 0.0 
  20  Miscellaneous manufactured articles 190 1.7 0-7.1 2.1 57.9 
  21  Works of art, etc. 7 0.0 0-0 0.0 100.0 
 
Note: Calculations are based on national tariff line level (8-dig it);  excluding in-quota tariff lines and using AVEs based on 2011 
 import data, as available, pr ovided by the Japanese authorities.  In case of unavailability, the ad valorem  part is used for alternate 
 and compound rates. 
 
Source: WTO Secretariat calculations , based on data received from the Japanese authorities.  WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 134 
  
  Table AIII.2 
Exemptions from the Anti-monopoly Act, September 2012 
Relevant ministries and agencies  Legislation  System  
1.   Exemptions under the AMA (1 law, 3 systems)   
Japan Fair Trade Commission Section 21 Acts under intellectual property rights 
 Section 22 Acts of cooperatives 
 Section 23 Resale pric e maintenance contracts 
2.   Exemptions under various i ndividual laws (14 laws, 18 systems)  
Financial Services Agency Insura nce Business Law Insurance cartels 
 Law Concerning Non-Life Insurance Rating 
Organizations Exemptions concerning compulsory 
automobile insurance and earthquake 
insurance 
Ministry of Justice Corporation Reorganization Law Acquisition of shares of companies under 
reorganization 
Ministry of Finance Law Concerning Liquor Business Associations 
and Measures for Securing Revenue from Liquor 
Tax Rationalization cartels 
Ministry of Education, Culture, 
Sports, Science and Technology Copyright Law Cartels on fees for commercial usage of 
music records 
Ministry of Health, Labour, Welfare Law Concerning Coordination and Improvement 
of Hygienically Regulated Business Cartels to prevent excessive competition 
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and 
Fisheries of Japan Agricultural Cooperative Association Law Fe deration of agricultural cooperatives;  
Agricultural Association corporation 
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Export-import Trading Law Cartels on export 
 Act on the Organization of Small and Medium-
sized Enterprise Association Joint economic undertakings 
 Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise 
Cooperatives Act Federation of small business associations 
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,  
Transport and Tourism Marine Transportation Law Mar itime transportation cartels 
(international);  Maritime transportation 
cartels (coastal service) 
 Road Transportation Law Transportation cartels 
 Civil Aeronautics Law Aviation car tels (international);  Aviation 
cartels (domestic) 
 Coastal Shipping Association Law Mar itime transportation cartels (coastal 
service);  Joint shipping businesses 
Source:  Information provided by the Japanese authorities. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 135 
 
 
  Table AIV.1 
Tariff quota quantity and in-quota imports, FY2007-10 
(Tonnes) 
Description Tariff quota and in-
quota imports FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 
Skimmed milk powder for school lunch Ta riff quota quantity 7,264 7,264 7,264 7,264 
In-quota imports 2,227 2,028 2,109 1,879 
Skimmed milk powder for other 
purposes Tariff quota quantity 85,878 85,878 85,878 85,878 
In-quota imports 31,078 24,913 24,674 23,040 
Evaporated milk Tariff quota quantity 1,585 1,585 1,585 1,585 
In-quota imports 1,499 1,482 1,500 1,500 
Whey and modified whey for feeding 
purposes Tariff quota quantity 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 
In-quota imports 31,217 37,000 30,985 31,620 
Prepared whey for infant formula Tariff quota quantity 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 
In-quota imports 9,245 8,222 8,624 8,966 
Butter and butter oil Tariff quota quantity 1,873 1,873 1,873 1,873 
In-quota imports 235 241 249 199 
Mineral concentrated whey Tariff quota quantity 14,000 14,000 14,000 14,000 
In-quota imports 2,872 4,035 2,992 2,574 
Prepared edible fat Tariff quota quantity 18,977 18,977 18,977 18,977 
In-quota imports 16,299 15,309 13,676 13,333 
Other dairy products for general use 
(whole milk equivalent) Tariff quota quantity 133,940 133,940 133,940 133,940 
In-quota imports 129,601 131,958 133,067 125,715 
Designated dairy products for general 
use (whole milk equivalent) Tariff quota quantity 137,202 137,202 137,202 137,202 
In-quota imports 135,862 131,958 131,674 136,252 
Dried leguminous vegetables Tariff quot a quantity 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 
In-quota imports 90,069 82,494 71,663 73,999 
Wheat, meslin, triticale and their 
processed products (wheat basis) Tariff quota quantity 5,740,000 5,740,000 5,740,000 5,740,000 
In-quota imports 5,282,598 5,288,584 5,233,500 5,385,057 
Barley and its processed products 
(barley basis) Tariff quota quantity 1,369,000 1,369,000 1,369,000 1,369,000 
In-quota imports 1,273,645 1,231,549 1,451,600 1,334,837 
Rice and its worked and/or prepared 
products (milled rice basis) Tariff quota quantity 682,200 682,200 682,200 682,200 
In-quota imports 614,678 676,698 674,934 674,920 
Starches, inulin and preparations of 
starches Tariff quota quantity 157,000 157,000 157,000 157,000 
In-quota imports 134,280 137,618 139,781 129,237 
Ground nuts Tariff quota quantity 75,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 
In-quota imports 31,230 33,441 25,905 29,925 
Tubers of konnyaku (dried slice basis) Tariff quota quantity 267 267 267 267 
In-quota imports 85 148 134 77 
Silk-worm cocoons and raw silk 
(raw silk basis) Tariff quota quantity 798 798 798 798 
In-quota imports 3 739 626 753 
Source: WTO notifications. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 136 
  
  Table AIV.2 
Japan's trade regimes for financial services, 2012 
Subsectors GATS commitments RTA commitments Other 
preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
(A) Insurance 
and insurance-
related services (1), (2) Unbound for 
all insurance services 
except for MAT and reinsurance where 
commercial presence 
is in principle required for insurance contracts 
on the following items 
and any liability arising therefrom 
(a) goods being 
transported within Japan, 
(b) ships of Japanese 
registration which are not used for 
international maritime 
transport;  commercial presence also required for 
insurance 
intermediation services60% of 
amounts of 
reinsurance on Positive listing agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, SGP, THL, VNM,PHL: 
(1), (2) unbound for all insurance services except 
for MAT and reinsurance where commercial 
presence is in principle required for insurance 
contracts on the following items and any liability arising therefrom (a) goods being transported 
within Japan, (b) ships of Japanese registration 
which are not used for international maritime transport; commercial presence also required for 
insurance intermediation services 
 SGP:  60% of the amounts of reinsurance on 
compulsory automobile third-party liability 
insurance is subject to compulsory coverage by the government.  This restric tion will not apply after 
April 2002 although reinsurance for such insurance 
contracted by the end of March 2002 remains effective; (3) none, except that insurance intermediation 
services may be supplied only for insurance 
contracts allowed to be supplied in Japan; (4) unbound - For modes 1 and 2 
for insurance 
services other than MAT and 
reinsurance 
services.  
Unknown 
 compulsory 
automobile third-party 
liability insurance is subject to compulsory 
coverage by the 
government PHL:  commitments subject to standstill for modes 
1, 2 and 3  
 SGP:   incorporation by cross-reference of the 
GATS additional commitments 
 
Negative listing agreements: 
MEX:  
The chapter on financial service provides that the 
commitments of GATS apply.    
  CHLa: 
Cross-border and purchase:  (a) above for positive listing agreements for modes (1), (2) 
Investment: none, excep t that insurance 
intermediation services may be supplied only for insurance contracts allowed to be supplied in Japan 
 
CH:  Reservation for existing measures on 
requirement of commercial presence for insurance 
contracts on goods transported within Japan and 
ships of Japanese registration which are not used for international maritime transport (MA, CB). 
Reservation for future measures for insurance and 
insurance related services whether supplied by a financial services supplier of Switzerland 
established in Switzerland as a principal, through 
an intermediary or as an intermediary  other than 
MAT reinsurance and se rvices auxiliary to 
insurance, such as cons ultancy, actuarial, risk 
assessment and claim settlement services (MA, NT, CB)   
(1) (2) for MAT 
and reinsurance: 
none, except 
commercial presence is in 
principle required 
for insurance contracts on the following items 
and any liability 
arising therefrom (a) goods being 
transported within 
Japan, (b) ships of 
Japanese 
registration which are not used for 
international 
maritime transport; 
Table AIV.2 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 137 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS commitments RTA commitments Other 
preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
 Insurance services are 
not allowed to be supplied through an 
intermediary in Japan;   commercial 
presence also required for 
insurance 
intermediation services 
 
(3) none, except that insurance 
intermediation 
services may be supplied only for 
insurance 
contracts allowed to be supplied in 
Japan 
 (3) none except 60% 
of amounts of 
reinsurance on the 
compulsory automobile third-party liability insurance is 
subject to compulsory 
coverage by the government   (4) as provided by 
GATS 
commitments 
since these are made on a status quo basis 
 insurance 
intermediation services are not 
allowed to be supplied 
for insurance contracts made by an insurance 
service supplier who is 
not licensed in Japan      
 (4) categories provided 
for the financial services 
understandingb in 
addition to those 
contained in the 
horizontal 
commitments if not already covered by 
those 
    
 + additional 
commitments on 
automobile insurance, commercial fire 
insurance, personal 
accident insurance and 
medical insurancec    
Table AIV.2 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 138 
  
  Subsectors GATS commitments RTA commitments Other 
preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
(B) Banking 
and other financial  
services (1) unbound for all 
banking services except for provision 
and transfer of 
financial information and financial data 
processing and 
advisory and other auxiliary services 
excluding 
intermediation where commercial presence 
is required for 
discretionary investment Positive listing agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, PHL, SGP, THL, VNM: 
(1) unbound for all banking services except for 
provision and transfer of financial information and 
financial data processing and advisory and other 
auxiliary services excluding intermediation 
commercial presence required for discretionary 
investment management services; (2) none;  (3) none, except that the deposit 
insurance system does not cover deposits taken by 
branches of foreign banks (NT);  (4) unbound   For modes 1 and 2 
for banking services other than 
provision and 
transfer of financial 
information and 
financial data processing and 
advisory and other 
auxiliary services excluding 
intermediation 
 
 management services 
deposit insurance system does not cover 
deposits taken by 
branches of foreign banks (NT) +modal (3) additional 
commitment on the 
abolition of the distinction of new 
money and other 
assets for employees' pension fund 
management) SGP:  additional commitments bilaterally 
negotiated  
PHL:  commitments subject to standstill for modes 
1, 2 and 3 
 
BRN, IDN:  Reservation in the investment chapter 
for existing measures in banking services (NT) 
 IND, MAL, PHL, SGP:  Reservation in the 
investment chapter for existing measures by which 
the deposit system does not cover deposits taken by 
branches of foreign banks (NT) 
  provision and 
transfer of financial 
information and 
financial data processing and advisory and other 
auxiliary services 
excluding intermediation:  
(1) none, except 
commercial presence required 
for discretionary 
investment management 
services 
 
 (4) categories provided 
for the financial 
services 
understandingb in 
addition to those 
contained in the horizontal 
commitments if not 
already covered by those Negative listing agreements: 
MEX:  The chapter on financial services provides 
that the commitments of GATS apply 
 
CHL:  cross border: as above for mode (1) for 
positive listing agreements  
Purchase:  none Investment: as above for mode (3) for positive 
listing agreements  (2) none  
(3) none, except 
the deposit insurance system does not cover 
deposits taken by 
branches of foreign banks 
 
  CH:  Reservation for existing measures on non-
coverage by the deposit insurance system of branches of foreign banks (NT; CB, I) 
Reservation for future measures on banking and 
other financial services other than (a) securities-related transactions with financial institutions and 
other entities in Japan;  (b) sales of a beneficiary 
certificate of an investment  trust and an investment 
security through securities firms in Japan;  (c) provision and transfer of financial information and 
financial data processing and advisory and other 
auxiliary services excluding intermediation    
Table AIV.2 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 139 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS commitments RTA commitments Other 
preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
 + additional 
commitments on pension fund 
management, 
investment trust management services, 
and discretionary 
investment management  Reservation on mode 2 for banking and other 
financial services else than those contained in the 
list of the financial annex of the agreement
d (MA, 
NT; CB). - (4) GATS (4) as 
provided by GATS 
commitments 
since these commitments are 
made on status 
quo basis. 
 a While a negative listing agreement in gene ral, the Chile-Japan agreement adopts a po sitive listing approach for financial ser vices 
commitments.  However, it keeps for th at purpose the NAFTA type of distinction between an investment chapter covering 
mutatis mutandis  mode 3 and a cross-border chapter covering mutatis mutandis  modes 1, 2 and 4.  An additional element of 
complexity comes from a specific scheduling annex (annex 12) fo r commitments on the purchase of financial services, a question 
which is traditionally dealt in other contexts (e.g. the GA TS financial services understa nding) as a mode 2 question. 
b The financial services understanding lists the following categor ies: senior managerial posse ssing proprietary information 
essential to the establishment, control, and operation of the financial services supp lier and specialists in the operation of t he 
financial services supplier and subject to the availability of personnel in the host country, specialist in computer services, 
telecommunication services, and accounts of the financial services supplier and actuari al and legal specialists. 
c S/DCSW/JPN pp. 55-58. 
d The complete text of these additional commitments reads: "1. i nvestment trust management servi ces and discretionary investmen t 
management services may be supplied by one entity if that entity  satisfies  the relevant pruden tial provisions of Japanese laws  
and the prudential standards set out  by appropriate authoritie s;  2 investment advisory companies are able to participate in th e 
management of fund assets of the Gove rnment Pension Investment Fund, the Na tional Government Employees Mutual Aid 
Association, the Local Governments Employees Mutual Aid A ssociation and the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for 
Private Schools in Japan;  3 A ppropriate authorities will fully utilise the exiting mechanisms available to them to respond 
expeditiously to accommodate innovations in  securities products while ensuring the mo st appropriate supervision of markets 
from prudential viewpoints". 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements. 
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 140 
  
  Table AIV.3 
Japan's trade regimes for telecommunications services, 2012 
Subsectors GATS commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
Basic 
telecommunications  
services 
 (a) Voice telephone 
services 
(b) Packet-switched data transmission 
services 
(c) Circuit-switched data transmission services 
(d) Telex services 
(f) Facsimile services (g) Private leased 
circuit services 
(o) Other Basic 
telecommunications 
services  (1), (2) none; 
(3) foreign capital 
participation  direct 
and/or indirect in NTT and KDD must be less 
than one fifth (MA), 
board members and auditors in NTT and 
KDD must have 
Japanese nationality (NT)  
Subscription to the 
disciplines of the reference paper via 
additional commitments 
 No commitments 
 BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
PHL, SGP, THL, 
VNM:  (1), (2) none;  
(3) foreign capital participation direct 
and/or indirect in NTT 
must be less than one third (MA), board 
members and auditors in 
NTT and the regional companies must have Japanese nationality 
(NT) 
 
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
THL:  subscription to 
the disciplines of the reference paper via 
additional commitments 
with new and enhanced disciplines regarding 
safeguards, anti-
competitive practices and interconnection; 
 
IDN, MAL, PHL, THL: 
commitments above 
subject to standstill; 
 IND, SGP:   no 
additional commitments 
 - (1), (2) none; 
(3) foreign capital 
participation direct 
and/or indirect in NTT must be less than one 
third (MA), board 
members and auditors in NTT and the regional 
companies are required 
to have Japanese nationality (NT)+  
Subscription to  
reference paper types of disciplines with new 
and enhanced 
disciplines regarding safeguards, anti-
competitive practices 
and interconnection 
(e)Telegraph services 
  IND, VNM:   no 
commitments; 
 
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
SGP, THL: 
(1) unbound;  (2) none; 
(3), (4) unbound - limitation of foreign 
participation to one 
third of the shares in NTT and nationality requirement for 
directors or auditors in 
NTT, NTT East and NTT West 
Value-added services  (h) Electronic mail services 
(i) Voice mail services 
(j) Online information services and database 
retrieval services 
 (1), (2), (3) none SGP: for value-added 
services by type II providers only: 
(1), (2), (3) none; 
 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
PHL, THL, VNM:  for 
all value-added services  (1), (2) none;  
(3) none except that 
foreign capital   
Table AIV.3 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 141 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
(k) Electronic data 
interchange services 
(l) Enhanced facsimile services  
(m) Code and protocol  
conversion services  (n) Online information 
and/or data processing 
services   participation, direct or 
indirect in NTT must be 
less than one third (MA) and that board members 
and auditors  in NTT and 
the regional companies must have Japanese 
nationality 
 
IDN, MAL, PHL, THL: 
commitments above 
subject to standstill;  - (1), (2) none; 
(3) none, except that 
foreign capital participation, direct or 
indirect in NTT must be 
less than one third (MA) and that board 
members and auditors  
in NTT and the regional companies must have 
Japanese nationality 
Value-added services (o) Other No commitments  SGP:   no commitments;  
 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
PHL, THL,VNM:   
(1), (2) none;  
(3) none, except that foreign capital 
participation, direct or 
indirect in NTT must be less than one third (MA), 
and that board members 
and auditors in NTT and the regional companies 
must have Japanese 
nationality;  
IDN, MAL, PHL, THL: 
commitments above 
subject to standstill 
 - (1), (2) none; 
(3) none, except that  
foreign capital participation, direct or 
indirect in NTT must be 
less than one third (MA) and that board 
members and auditors 
in NTT and the regional companies must have 
Japanese nationality 
 Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements. 
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 142 
  
  Table AIV.4 
Summarized trade regimes of maritime transport services 
Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential 
regimes Applied regime 
11.A.a and 
11.A.b 
 
[International] Passenger and 
freight transport 
CPC 7211 and 
7212 
 Cabotage 
excluded 
 International 
maritime 
transport: no 
commitments  
 
No MFN 
exemptions Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH, JPN-VN (except 
otherwise indicated):  
Cabotage excluded 
JPN-SGP, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-BRN, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-IN:  reservation to the national 
treatment obligations of the investment chapter 
of the agreement for existing measures on prior 
notification in “water transport" (except no 
investment chapter for JPN-VN ) Based on 
bilateral 
agreements, 
Japan may grant the 
United 
Kingdom, Norway, and 
Denmark 
flag vessels  to engage in 
the carriage 
between 
ports in - cabotage reserved to 
the national flag 
- the Foreign Exchange 
and Foreign Trade Law 
imposes a prior 
notification requirement on investors in the 
"water transport industry 
in Japan", i.e. in cabotage transport and 
coastwise ship leasing 
industry 
  JPN-SNG, JPN-BRN, JPN-IDN, JPN-TH, 
JPN-IN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL: reservation to 
the national treatment and MFN obligations of 
the investment chapter of the agreement for 
existing measures on cabotage and ports not 
opened to foreign trade 
(1) none, provided that re striction or prohibition 
of entry in Japanese ports and loading or 
unloading of cargoes in Japanese ports for a designated period may be imposed as a 
countermeasure on operators of vessels who 
belong to a country in which interests of Japanese operators continue to be substantially damaged; 
(2) none; 
JPN-SGP: (1) none, except that ships not 
flying the flag of Japan are not allowed to call 
at ports of Japan that are not open to foreign 
commerce; 
(3) (a) to fly the Japanese flag the vessel must 
be owned by a Japanese national or a juridical 
person established under Ja panese law with all 
representatives and no less than 2/3 of the 
executives administering the affairs of the juridical person having Japanese nationality 
(unbound for JPN-IN and JPN-SGP ) Japan upon 
individual 
application, 
if the cargo 
is recognized as the part of the 
international 
maritime transport  
and is 
transhipped between 
vessels 
flying flags from the 
same 
country International transport: 
no restrictions on 
foreign companies other than those in Japan's 
revised offer 
(TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1)
 
 (1) none, provided that 
restriction or prohibition 
of entry in Japanese ports and loading or 
unloading of cargoes in 
Japanese ports for a designated period may 
be imposed as a 
countermeasure on operators of vessels who 
belong to a country in 
which interests of Japanese operators 
continue to be 
substantially damaged 
 
  (3) (b) other forms of commercial presence: 
none 
JPN-SPG, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-BRN, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-TH, JPN-IN:  reservation to 
the national treatment and PR, SMBD obligation of the invest ment chapter of the 
agreement for existing measures on matters 
related the nationality of a ship (except no investment chapter for JPN-VN );  (4) (a) ships' 
crew:  none, except that foreign nationals 
employed by Japanese juridical persons, except for the seafarers referred to in the relevant 
official notification
b may not work on the 
vessels flying the Japanese flag   - No cargo sharing 
provision with bilateral partners 
(2) none; 
(3)(a) to fly the Japanese flag the vessel must be owned by a Japanese 
national or a juridical 
person 
Table AIV.4 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 143 
 
 
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
  JPN-IN :  unbound, JPN-SGP  as in horizontal 
commitments 
(4) (b) none 
JPN-IN:  unbound 
JPN-SGP:  as in horizontal commitments 
all positive commitments subject  to a standstill 
(SS) obligation for JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH  
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  no 
reservations except existing measures on 
matters relating to the nationality of a ship (I:  
NT, SMBD (for JPN-CH, NT  only)), and of 
seafarers (CB: NT) on possible restriction or prohibition from enteri ng Japanese ports or 
from loading and unloading of cargoes in Japan 
in cases where Japanese ocean-going ship operators are prejudiced by the partner (CB: NT, MFN) on prior notification for investment 
in the cabotage industry (I, CB) on ships not 
flying the Japanese flag are prohibited from entering Japanese ports closed to foreign trade 
and on reserved cabotage (I, CB: NT, MFN)  established under 
Japanese law with all 
representatives and no 
less than 2/3 of the executives administering 
the affairs of the 
juridical person having the Japanese nationality 
 
No exclusive rights subsidies or government cargo attached to the 
flag 
(3)(b) other form of commercial presence: 
none; 
(4)(a) crew: unbound, in the offer but legally 
reserved to Japanese 
nationals 
 
(4)(b) key personnel on 
shore: as indicated in the GATS horizontal 
commitments 
11.A.c  Rental of vessels 
with crew  
CPC 7213  
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH:  (1), (2), (3), (4) none 
(only vessels flying the flag of foreign 
countries) 
 
JPN-SGP, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-BRN, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-IN:   reservation to the national 
treatment and MFN obligations of the investment chapter of the agreement for 
existing measures on prior notification in "water 
transport" 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-TH: 
all positive commitments subject to a standstill 
(SS) obligation  
JPN-SGP , JPN-VN:  no commitments 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation except for existing measure on prior notification for coastwise shipping leasing (I, 
CB) - Subject to prior 
notification requirement 
for foreign investors willing to engage in coastwise ship leasing,  
Foreign companies are 
allowed to engage in 
ship leasing by vessels flying the flag of foreign 
countries.  
Foreign companies are 
allowed to engage in 
ship leasing by vessels 
flying the flag of foreign 
countries.  
 
Table AIV.4 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 144 
  
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
11.A.d 
 
Maintenance and 
repair of vessels 
 
CPC 8868**  
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH, JPN-VN:   (1) unbound*; 
(2) none;  (3) none, except that establishing or 
extending docks or berths that can be used to manufacture or repair vessels beyond a fixed scale are subject to an economic needs test;   
JPN-IN:  (3) unbound 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL:  all positive 
commitments subject to a standstill (SS) 
obligation 
JPN-SGP: no commitments 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation - Non-discriminatory 
economic needs test 
based on supply/demand 
balance and technical 
and financial abilities for the establishment of 
docks or berth to 
manufacture or repair steel vessels over 500 
GRT or of more than 50 
metres (Article 2 of the 1950 shipbuilding law N° 129) 
11.A.e 
 
Pushing and 
towing services 
 
CPC 7214  
 (1) unbound*; 
(2), (3) none Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1) unbound *; (2), (3), (4) none 
JPN-SGP;  (4) as horizontal commitments 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL:  all positive 
commitments subject to a standstill (SS) obligation 
Negative listing agr: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation - No restrictions on 
foreign companies other 
than those contained in 
Japan's revised offer 
(TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1) i.e.: (1) unbound*;  (2), 
(3) none 
11.A.f 
 Supporting services 
for maritime transport 
 
CPC 745** 
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN:  for 
salvaging and refloating services, watering services, fuelling services, garbage collecting services 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-TH:  
all positive commitments subject to a standstill 
(SS) obligation  
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation except existing measure on 
nationality and local presence of pilot (CB: NT, LP) - No restrictions on 
foreign companies other than those contained in 
Japan's revised offer (TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1)
 i.e. 
for salvaging and 
refloating services, watering services, 
fuelling services, 
garbage collecting services (CPC 7454, 7459): 
(1), (2), (3) none 
- nationality requirement 
and local presence obligation for pilotage 
services  
Port and waterways 
operations: none 
Navigation aids service: 
provided by national authority. 
 
Table AIV.4 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 145 
 
 
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
Maritime cargo 
handling 
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1) unbound*; (2) none;  (3), (4) none, except 
that the number of licences conferred to services suppliers may be limited in ports 
designated by the government (public utility concession or licensing procedures may apply in case of occupation of the public domain)  
JPN-IN:  no limitation of licences and no 
public domain/concession reservation and 
(4) unbound 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL:  all positive 
commitments subject to a standstill (SS) 
obligation 
JPN-SGP: no commitments 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  no 
reservation - Abolition of the 
economic needs test- by 
the revision of the Port 
Transport Business Act of 15 May 2006, 
permission requirement 
replaced by a non-discriminatory licensing 
system based on: having 
facilities and workers for each type of business 
and each port, and 
having an appropriate plan, a management 
structure, and a sound 
financial basis 
[Maritime] storage and warehousing 
 (1) unbound*;  
(2), (3) none Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
General: 
(1) unbound*; (2), (3), (4) none 
For petroleum products (3) national treatment 
prior notification is required in accordance with 
the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Law 
JPN-IN:  no commitments  
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL: all positive 
commitments subject to a standstill (SS) 
obligation 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  
no reservation - No restrictions on 
foreign companies other 
than those contained in Japan's revised offer 
(TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1) i.e. 
Other than for petroleum 
products (1) unbound*; 
(2), (3) none 
For petroleum products 
prior notification is 
required in accordance with the Foreign 
Exchange and Foreign 
Trade law 
[Maritime] customs 
clearance services 
 (1), (2) 
unbound*;  
(3) none Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-SGP:  (1), (2) Unbound *; 
(3) none; (4) unbound except as indicated in 
horizontal commitments  
  No restrictions on 
foreign companies other 
than those contained in 
Japan's revised offer 
(TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1) i.e. 
 
    Table AIV.4 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 146 
  
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
  JPN-BRN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, 
JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1), (2), (4) commercial presence required; 
(3) none 
JPN-IDN, JPN-PHL, JPN-TH, JPN-MAL:   
all positive commitments subject to a standstill 
(SS) obligation  
JPN-IN:  (1),(2) unbound*;  (3) none; 
(4) commercial presence required 
(2) Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  no 
reservation except existing measures on place of business and permission for customs 
brokerage (CB: LP)  - (1), (2) unbound*; 
(3) none 
Container stations 
and depots (including inland 
containers depots) 
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-TH, JPN-VN:   
(1) unbound*; (2) none;  (3), (4) none, except 
that the number of licences conferred to 
services suppliers may be limited in ports designated by the government (public utility concession or licensing procedures may apply in case of occupation of the public domain)  
JPN-IN: no limitation of licences and no public 
domain/concession reservation, and 
(4) unbound 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL:  all positive 
commitments subject to a standstill (SS) 
obligation 
JPN-SGP: no commitments 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation - Abolition of the 
economic needs test by the revision of the Port 
Transport Business Act of 15 May 2006; 
permission requirement 
replaced by a non-discriminatory licensing system based on:  
having facilities and 
workers for each type of business and each port, 
and having an 
appropriate plan, a management structure, 
and a sound financial 
basis 
Maritime agency 
services 
 (1), (2), (3) none Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP JPN-TH, JPN-VN:   
(1) ,(2), (3), (4) none 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL JPN-TH: all 
positive commitments subject  to a standstill 
(SS) obligation  
JPN-IN:  (4) unbound   
JPN-SGP: (4) as horizontal commitment 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: no 
reservation - No restrictions on 
foreign companies other 
than those contained in Japan's revised offer (TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1) 
i.e. (1), (2), (3) none;  
(4) as in the horizontal 
commitments 
    Table AIV.4 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 147 
 
 
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
[Maritime] freight 
forwarding services 
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, 
JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1), (4) none, except th at commercial presence 
is required (including for freight forwarding services related to multimodal transport 
services) and an operation permit or governmental registration will be granted on a reciprocal basis; 
(2) none; 
(3) an operation permit or governmental 
registration will be granted on a reciprocal 
basis; (3) none for JPN-SGP 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-TH: 
all positive commitments subject to a standstill 
(SS) obligation 
Reservation to the national treatment and MFN 
(and for JPN-IN, JPN-IDN performance 
requirement) obligations of the investment chapter of the agreement for existing measures 
JPN-IN: (4) unbound 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  no 
reservation except for  existing measure on 
permission subject to reciprocity and local 
presence requirement (CB: NT, MFN, SMBD, 
LP) - No restrictions on 
foreign companies other 
than those contained in 
Japan's revised offer 
(TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1)
 i.e. 
(1), (3) none except that 
office registration is 
required and an 
operation permit or 
governmental registration will be 
granted on a reciprocal 
basis 
Access to use port 
services on 
reasonable and non-discriminatory 
terms and 
conditions 
 On pilotage, 
services, pushing 
and towing services, 
provisioning 
fuelling and watering 
services, garbage 
collecting and refuse disposal 
services, port 
captain services, navigation aids 
services, shore-
based operational 
services essential 
to ship 
operations, Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
on pilotage services, pushing and towing 
services, provisioning fuelling and watering 
services, garbage collecting and refuse disposal services, port captain services, navigation aids 
services, shore-based operational services 
essential to ship operations, including communications, water and electrical supplies, 
emergency repair services and  anchorage 
berths and berthing services 
Negative listing agreements: 
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL: 
no reservation  1997 
Exchange of 
letters with the U.S. 
regarding the 
prior consultation 
system
c and 
discontinu-
ation of 
the1997 
Federal Maritime 
Commission 
docket 96-20 proceedings 
against 
Japan on 26 January 
2011
d  
    Table AIV.4 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 148 
  
  Subsectorsa GATS FTAs Other 
preferential regimes Applied regime 
 including 
communications, 
water and 
electrical 
supplies, emergency 
repair services, 
and anchorage berths and berthing services    
Access to/use of 
multimodal 
transport services 
 No commitments Positive listing agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL. JPN-TH, JPN-VN:   
ability to rent or lease trucks, railways 
carriages, or barges a nd related equipment for 
the purpose of inland forwarding of cargoes or 
to have access to, and use of, these forms of 
multimodal activities on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions for the purpose of carrying out multimodal transport. 
Negative listing agreements:  
JPN-CH, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL:  no 
reservation  
- 
 None   
a Composite CPC/maritime m odel schedule classification. 
b These exceptions are very limited and concern seafarers aboa rd fishing vessels, not covered here, and non-maritime personnel 
aboard cruise ships (entertainers, sommeliers, event planners , cooks and interpreters) (MLIT Notifications No. 115, 30 March 
1990 and No. 327, 21 September 1990). 
c For the complete texts see:  http://www.marad.dot.gov/doc uments/ExchangeLettersJapan.pdf  and http://www.marad.dot.gov/ 
documents/MemoConsultationJapan.pdf. 
d See http://www.fmc.gov/assets/1/Documents/4C2C9161C6C74518B5D2082E66CDB7C9.htm. 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120.  For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets i ndicate the chapter to which the reservations apply (CB for the cross-border and I f or 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements. 
Source: WTO Secretariat. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 149 
 
 
  Table AIV.5 
Summarized trade regimes of air transport services 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
A. Subsectors 
explicitly listed by the 
GATS air transport annex     
a. Aircraft repair and 
maintenance (1) unbound*;  (2) none; 
(3) the number of licences conferred to 
services suppliers may 
be limited(MA) none  except as provided in 
the horizontal 
commitments (NT) JPN-BRN,JPN-IN,JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN:  
(1) unbound*; (2) none; (3) the 
number of licences conferred to 
services suppliers may be 
limited;  (4) none (subject to a  standstill obligation for JPN-
IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL  
JPN-BRN) 
  - Non-discriminatory 
economic needs test  
b. Computer 
reservation services  (1) (2) none; 
(3) none (MA), none 
except as indicated in 
the horizontal 
commitments (NT) JPN-BRN,JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-
SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none (subject to 
a  standstill obligation for JPN-
IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, 
JPN-TH ) 
 - Applied regime based 
on the best treatment  
granted by FTAs  
c. Selling and 
marketing of air 
transport services  (1) (2) none;  
(3) none (MA), none, 
except as indicated in the horizontal commitments (NT) JPN-BRN, JPN-IN,JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-
SGP, JPN-TH, JPN-VN: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none (subject to 
a standstill obligation for JPN-
IDN, JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, 
JPN-TH ) 
 - Applied regime based 
on the best treatment  
granted by FTAs 
B. Other aviation subsectors  
general   JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL, JPN-CH: 
reservation for existing 
measures in the investment chapter for “air transport” (NT 
and MFN)  and for registration 
of aircraft in the national 
register (NT) 
  Reservations listed in 
FTAs reflect the 
applied regime  
d. Airport operation 
services - JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL, JPN-
CH:  no sector-specific 
reservations in negative listing 
agreements - 
 The sector is entirely 
in public national 
hands in terms of ownership and 
management  
e. Ground handling 
services - JPN-MEX, JPN-CHL, JPN-
CH:  no sector specific 
reservations in negative listing 
agreements Some bilateral air 
services agreement 
contain preferential clauses regarding ground handling Self-handling, mutual 
handling, allowed 
(Civil Aeronautics Act Article 102,104, 113-2, 15 July 1952, 
    Table AIV.5 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 150 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
    Ordinance for 
Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act  
Article 211, 212 ,214, 
222, 14 August 1952), third-party handling 
allowed with no 
quantitative threshold  or limitation to 
nominatively 
designated airports 
f. Specialty air services/aerial work  - JPN-BRN, JPN-IN  , JPN-
IDN, JPN-MAL  , JPN-
PHL,JPN-MEX  ,JPN CH, 
JPN CHL:  reservation in the 
investment chapter for existing 
measure on prior notification for investment in aerial work, 
on ownership of Japanese aerial 
work operators and on cabotage 
(NT, PR) 
JPN-MEX ,JPN-CH, JPN 
CHL:  this reservation applies 
to the cross-border chapter 
 - Reservations listed in 
FTAs reflect the applied regime 
g. air freight forwarding  - JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL, JPN-
MEX, JPN-CHL, JPN-CH:  
reservation in the investment 
chapter for existing measure on 
freight  forwarding  
 - Reservations listed in 
FTAs reflect the 
applied regime 
h. passenger and 
freight transportation 
services  - JPN-BRN, JPN-IN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL,JPN-MEX,JPN-CH, JPN-CHL:  
reservation in the investment 
chapter for existing measure on ownership of Japanese air 
carrier, on permission for 
foreign  carriers to conduct  international air transport  
business, and to use foreign 
aircraft  for air transportation of passengers or cargoes to and 
from Japan for remuneration 
and on cabotage (NT,MFN, PR, 
SMBD) Bilateral air services 
agreements Reservations listed in 
FTAs reflect the 
applied regime 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements.  
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 151 
 
 
  Table AIV.6 
Summarized trade regimes for rail transport 
Subsectors  GATS commitments  RTAS commitments  Other 
preferential  
treatment Applied regime 
11.E.a) Passenger 
transportation No commitments SGP: (1) unbound;  (2) none;  
(3) (4) unbound  
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL,THL: 
(1) unbound*; (2) none;  (3) 
none, except prior notification 
(NT); (4) none 
 
IDN, MAL, PHL:  
commitments subject to 
standstill  
IND,VNM : no commitments 
 
IND, MAL, PHL, SGP, BRN, 
IDN, CHL, MEX, CH:  (also 
for the cross-border  chapter for CH only):  reservation in 
the investment  chapter on 
national treatment for existing measures on prior notification of foreign investment  
 – (1) unbound*; 
(2) none; (3) none except prior notification 
(NT) 
  
11.E.b) Freight  transportation No commitments SGP: (1) unbound;  (2) none;  
(3), (4) unbound 
 
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
THL: 
(1) unbound*;  (2) none;  
(3) none, except prior notification (NT); (4) none 
 – (1) unbound*; 
(2) none; (3) none 
except prior notification 
(NT) 
  IDN, MAL, PHL: 
commitments  subject to 
standstill  
 IND, VNM:  no commitments 
   
  IND, MAL, PHL, SGP, BRN, 
IDN, CHL, MEX, CH: (also 
for the cross-border chapter for 
CH only):  reservation in the investment  chapter on 
national treatment for existing 
measures on prior notification of foreign investment     
11.E.c) Pushing and 
towing services No commitments SGP: (1) unbound;  (2) none;  
(3) (4) unbound  - (1) unbound*; (2), 
(3) none  
  BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
THL: (1) unbound*;  
(2), (3), (4) none 
 
IDN, MAL, PHL:  
commitments  subject to 
standstill  
 IND,VNM:  no commitments 
   
    Table AIV.6 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 152 
  
  Subsectors  GATS commitments  RTAS commitments  Other 
preferential  treatment Applied regime 
11.E.d) Maintenance 
and repair of rail 
transport equipment (1) unbound *; 
(2), (3) none BRN, IND,IDN, MAL, PHL, 
SGP, THL,VNM: 
(1) unbound*;  (2), (3), (4) 
none;   SGP:  (4) unbound as 
in horizontal commitments 
 
IDN, MAL, PHL: 
commitments subject to 
standstill  
 - (1) unbound*; 
(2), (3) none 
11.E.e) Supporting 
services for rail 
transport  No commitments SGP: (1) unbound;  (2) none;  
(3), (4) unbound - (1), (2) none; 
(3) none, except prior 
notification (NT)  
  BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
THL: (1), (2) none; 
(3) none, except prior 
notification (NT); 
(4) none    
  IDN, MAL, PHL, THL: 
commitments  subject to 
standstill 
 
IND, VNM:  no commitments 
   
  IND, MAL, PHL, SGP, BRN, 
IDN, CHL, MEX, CH:   (also 
for the cross-border chapter for CH only): reservation in the 
investment  chapter on 
national treatment for existing measures on prior notification 
of foreign investment  
   
Rental services of 
railway transport 
equipment with operator (1), (2), (3) none BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
THL,VNM:  
(1), (2), (3), (4) none 
 
SGP:  (4) unbound as in 
horizontal commitments  - (1), (2), (3) none 
  IDN, MAL, PHL,THL:  
commitments  subject to 
standstill   
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements. 
Source: WTO Secretariat. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 153 
 
 
  Table AIV.7 
Summarized trade regimes for pipelines transport services 
Subsectors  GATS commitments  RTAS commitments  Other preferential  
treatment Applied regime 
11.G.a) pipeline 
transportation of fuels   No commitments  BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
SGP, THL: - As in the best EPAs 
  For gas: (1) unbound; 
(2) none; (3) none, except that the number of licences 
conferred to services 
suppliers may be limited (MA) and prior notification  
requirement (NT); (4) 
unbound    
  For petroleum: (1), (2), (3), 
(4) none SGP:  none but permission 
based on the petroleum 
pipeline industry law is necessary 
   
  IDN, MAL, PHL: 
commitment on petroleum 
subject to a standstill 
obligation 
 
IND,VNM:  no commitments 
   
11.G.b) pipeline 
transportation of other 
goods  (1), (2), (3) none BRN, IND, MAL, PHL, 
SGP, THL, VNM: 
(1), (2), (3) none 
 
IDN,MAL, PHL, THL: 
commitment subject to a 
standstill obligation - (1), (2), (3) none 
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements. 
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 154 
  
  Table AIV.8 
Japan's trade regimes for construction services, 2012 
Subsectors GATS 
commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
A. General construction  
for buildings (CPC 512) (1) unbound*; (2), 
(3) none, excluding for services related 
to mining (no 
commitments) Positive listing  
agreements: 
 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
SGP;THL: 
(1) unbound*; (2),  
(3) none;  (4) commercial 
presence required except 
for services related to mining (3), (4) MA: 
services requiring mining 
rights or mining lease rights must be supplied by 
a Japanese national or 
juridical person established in Japan,+ (4) 
commercial presence 
required, (3), (4) NT idem  
+ 3) prior notification) 
PHL,VNM:  no 
commitments for services related to mining 
Negative listing 
agreements: 
CHL, MEX, CH:  
reservation for existing 
measure on requirement 
of establishment and 
permission system for construction business  
 
CHL and MEX:  local 
presence for CB 
 
CH: all 4 modes MA 
 None Applied regime based 
on the best treatment 
granted by EPAs 
B.  General construction 
services for civil engineering (CPC 513) (1) unbound*;   
(2), (3) none, excluding for 
services related to 
mining (no commitments) Positive listing 
agreements:  
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
SGP, THL: 
(1) unbound*; (2),  
(3) none None Applied regime based 
on the best treatment granted by EPAs 
  (4) commercial presence 
required except for 
services related to mining 
(3), (4) MA: services requiring mining rights or 
mining lease rights must   
  be supplied by a Japanese 
national or juridical 
person established in Japan, + (4) commercial 
presence required, (3), (4) 
NT idem  + (3) prior 
notification)   
    Table AIV.8 (cont'd) Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 155 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS 
commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  PHL,VNM:  no 
commitments for services 
related to mining 
 
Negative listing 
agreements: 
CHL, MEX, CH:   
  reservation for existing 
measure on  requirement of  establishment and 
permission system for 
construction business  
 
CHL and MEX:  local 
presence CB 
CH:  all 4 modes MA   
C. Installation and 
assembly services 
(CPC 514, 516) 
 (1) unbound*;  (2), 
(3) none, excluding for services related 
to mining (no 
commitments) Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
SGP, THL:  
(1) unbound*; (2),  
(3) none; None Applied regime based 
on the best treatment 
granted by EPAs  
  (4) commercial presence 
required except for 
services related to mining 
(3), (4) MA: services requiring mining rights or 
mining lease rights must 
be supplied by a Japanese national or juridical   
  person established in 
Japan,+ (4) commercial presence required, (3), (4) 
NT idem  + (3) prior 
notification   
  PHL,VNM:   no 
commitments for services 
related to mining   
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
CHL, MEX, CH:  
  reservation for existing 
measure on  requirement of  establishment and 
permission system for 
construction business  
 
CHL and MEX:   local 
presence CB 
CH: all 4 modes MA   
D. Building completion 
and finishing services 
(CPC 517) (1) unbound*; (2), 
(3) none, excluding 
for services related 
to mining (no 
commitments) Positive listing 
agreements:  
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
SGP, THL: None Applied regime based 
on the best treatment 
granted by EPAs  
    Table AIV.8 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 156 
  
  Subsectors GATS 
commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  (1) unbound*; (2),  
(3) none; (4) commercial 
presence required except for services related to 
mining (3), (4) MA: 
services requiring mining rights or mining lease 
rights must be supplied by 
a Japanese national or juridical person 
established in Japan,+ (4) 
commercial presence required, (3), (4) NT idem  
+ (3) prior notification   
  PHL:  no commitments 
for services related to 
mining   
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
CHL, MEX, CH:  
  reservation for existing 
measure on requirement of establishment and permission system for construction business 
 
CHL and MEX:   local 
presence CB 
CH: all 4 modes MA   
E. Other construction 
services (CPC 511 , 515, 
518)  No commitments Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
SGP, THL:  
(1) unbound*;  (2), 
(3) none; None Applied regime based 
on the best treatment 
granted by EPAs  
  (4) commercial presence 
required, except for 
services related to mining 
(3), (4) MA: services requiring mining rights or 
mining lease rights must 
be supplied by a Japanese national or juridical   
  person established in 
Japan,+ (4) commercial presence required, (3), (4) 
NT idem  + (3) prior 
notification   
  PHL:   no commitments 
for services related to 
mining   
Table AIV.8 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 157 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS 
commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  Negative listing 
agreements: CHL, MEX, CH   
  reservation for existing 
measure on  requirement of  establishment and 
permission system for 
construction business  
CHL and MEX:  local 
presence CB CH: all 4 modes MA   
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120.  For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements.  
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 158 
  
  Table AIV.9 
Japan's trade regimes for distribution services 
Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
4.A. Commission agent 
services (1), (2), (3) none, 
except for petroleum, 
petroleum products, rice, tobacco, salt, 
and alcoholic 
beverages and products supplied at 
public wholesale 
markets Positive listing 
agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IND, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL:  (1), (2), (3), 
(4) none, except for 
petroleum;  petroleum 
products (3) NT prior notification, alcoholic 
beverages  Bilateral Investment Treaty 
(BIT) 
JPN-VNM BIT:  
reservations for existing 
measures for oil industry 
JPN-PER BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification requirements 
for oil industry (I,NT) As in best EPAs 
  (3) MA, (4) MA number 
of licences conferred 
may be limited;  and 
products supplied at public wholesale 
markets (1), (2) 
unbound*;  (3) MA;   
  (4) MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, 
services must be supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law   
  JPN-VNM:  (1), (2), 
(3), (4) none;  except for petroleum;  petroleum 
products (3) NT prior notification; alcoholic 
beverages   
  (1), (2), (3), (4) 
unbound); and products 
supplied at public 
wholesale markets (1), (2), unbound*;  (3) MA; (4) MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, 
services must be supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law   
  JPN-THL:  (1), (2), (3), 
(4) none, except for 
petroleum;  petroleum 
products (3) NT prior 
notification, (4) unbound);  alcoholic 
beverages (3) MA; (4)   
  MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, 
services must be supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law   
  (1), (2), (3) none, except 
for alcoholic beverages (1), (3) unbound);  and 
petroleum products (3) 
NT prior notification   
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 159 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
JPN-CHL, JPN-
MEXa: no reservations    
  Reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil 
industry (I,NT)   
  JPN-CH: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation 
of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic 
beverages (I, MA)   
  reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification 
requirements for distribution services related to petroleum and petroleum products (I,NT)   
  JPN-PER: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation 
of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic 
beverages (I, MA)   
4.B. Wholesale trade 
services  (1), (2), (3) none, 
except for petroleum, 
petroleum products, rice, tobacco, salt, 
and alcoholic 
beverages and products supplied at 
public wholesale 
markets Positive listing 
agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IND, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL: 
(1), (2) ,(3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum; 
petroleum products, (3) NT prior notification; alcoholic beverages  Bilateral Investment Treaty 
(BIT) As in best EPAs 
  (3) MA, (4) MA number 
of licences conferred may be limited; and products supplied at 
public wholesale 
markets (1), (2) unbound*;  (3) MA; JPN-VNM BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures for oil industry  
  (4) MA the number of 
licences may be limited, services must be 
supplied by a juridical 
person established under Japanese law JPN-PER BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil industry (I,NT) 
  
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 160 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-VNM:  (1), (2), 
(3), (4) none, except for 
petroleum; petroleum products (3) NT prior 
notification; alcoholic 
beverages   
  (1), (2), (3), (4) 
unbound);  and products supplied at public wholesale market (1),(2) 
unbound*; (3) MA, (4) 
MA, the number of licences may be limited, 
services must be 
supplied by a juridical person established under Japanese law   
  JPN-THL: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum; 
petroleum products (3) NT prior notification; 
(4) unbound;  alcoholic 
beverages (3) MA; (4)   
  MA, number of licences 
conferred may be limited;  and products supplied at public wholesale markets (1), 
(2) unbound*;  (3) MA, 
(4) MA, the number of licences may be limited, 
services must be 
supplied by a juridical person established under Japanese law 
   
  JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL; JPN-THL:  
commitments subject to 
standstill    
  JPN-SGP:   (1) (2), 
(3) none, except for alcoholic beverages (1) 
(3) unbound;  and petroleum products (3) 
NT prior notification 
   
  Negative listing 
agreements:   
  JPN-CHL, JPN-
MEXa: 
reservation for existing measures on residency 
and licencing for livestock trading (CB, 
LP)   
  reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil 
industry (I,NT)   
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 161 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-CH: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic 
beverages and public wholesale markets (I, MA)   
  Reservation for existing 
measures on residency and licencing for 
livestock trading (CB, 
LP)   
  Reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification 
requirements for 
distribution services related to petroleum and petroleum products 
(I, NT)   
  JPN-PER: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic 
beverages and public wholesale markets (I, MA),   
  Reservation for existing 
measures on residency and licencing for 
livestock trading 
(CB, LP)   
4.C. retailing services (1), (2), ( 3) none, 
except for 
petroleum, petroleum products, 
rice, tobacco, salt, 
and alcoholic beverages and 
products supplied at 
public wholesale 
markets Positive listing 
agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IND, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum, 
petroleum products, (3) 
NT prior notification, 
alcoholic beverages (3) MA, (4) MA number 
of licences conferred 
may be limited and products supplied at 
public wholesale 
markets (1), (2) unbound*;  (3) MA; (4) 
MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, services must be 
supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law  Bilateral Investment Treaty 
(BIT) 
JPN-VNM BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures for oil industry 
 
JPN-PER BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil industry (I,NT) As in best EPAs 
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 162 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-VNM: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum, petroleum products, (3) 
NT prior notification, 
alcoholic beverages   
  (1), (2), (3), (4) 
unbound;  and products supplied at public wholesale markets (1),(2) unbound*;  (3) MA, (4)   
  MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, services must be 
supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law   
  JPN-THL: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum, petroleum products; (3) 
NT prior notification, 
(4) unbound; alcoholic 
beverages (3) MA, (4)   
  MA number of licences 
conferred may be limited, and products 
supplied at public 
wholesale markets   
  (1), (2) unbound*;  (3) 
MA, (4) MA, the number of licences may 
be limited, services must 
be supplied by a juridical person 
established under 
Japanese law    
  JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-THL: 
commitments subject to 
standstill   
  JPN-SGP: 
(1) (2) (3) none, except 
for alcoholic beverages (1) (3) unbound;  and petroleum products (3) NT prior notification   
  Negative listing 
agreements:   
  JPN-CHL, JPN-
MEXa:  reservation for 
existing measures on 
residency and licencing for livestock trading 
(CB, LP)   
  reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil industry (I, NT)   
    Table AIV.9 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 163 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-CH:  
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation 
of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic beverages (I, MA)   
  Reservation for existing 
measures on residency and licencing for 
livestock trading 
(CB, LP)   
  Reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification 
requirements for distribution services related to petroleum and 
petroleum products 
(I, NT)   
  JPN-PER: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation 
of licences for distribution of alcoholic 
beverages (I, MA)   
  Reservation for existing 
measures on residency 
and licencing for 
livestock trading (CB, LP) 
   
  JPN-PER FTA:  no 
reservation for oil industry 
 
JPN-PER BIT:  
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification 
requirements for oil 
industry (I, NT)   
4.D. Franchising services (1), (2), (3) none, 
except for 
petroleum, 
petroleum products, 
rice, tobacco, salt, and alcoholic 
beverages and 
products supplied at public wholesale markets Positive listing 
agreements: 
JPN-BRN, JPN-IND, 
JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum; 
petroleum products (3) NT prior notification; 
alcoholic beverages(3) 
MA, (4) MA number of licences conferred may 
be limited;  and products 
supplied at public wholesale markets (1) (2), unbound*; (3) MA; 
(4) MA the number of 
licences may be limited, services must be 
supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law Bilateral Investment Treaty 
(BIT) 
JPN-VNM BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures for oil industry 
(3) MA, (4) MA number of 
licences conferred may be limited and products 
supplied at public wholesale 
markets (1), (2) unbound*; (3) MA, (4) MA, the 
number of licences may be 
limited, services must be supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law As in best EPAs 
    Table AIV.9 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 164 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-VNM: 
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum, 
petroleum products (3) 
NT prior notification; alcoholic beverages JPN-PER BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for oil industry (I,NT)  
  (1), (2), (3), (4) 
unbound);  and products 
supplied at public wholesale markets (1), (2) unbound*; (3) MA; (4) MA, the number of 
licences may be limited, 
services must be supplied by a juridical 
person established under 
Japanese law   
  JPN-THL:  
(1), (2), (3), (4) none, 
except for petroleum; 
petroleum products (3) 
NT prior notification, (4) unbound);  alcoholic beverages (3) MA,(4) MA, number of licences 
conferred may be 
limited;  and products supplied at public   
  wholesale markets (1), 
(2) unbound*; (3) MA, 
(4) MA, the number of licences may be limited, services must be 
supplied by a juridical 
person established under Japanese law   
  JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL, JPN-THL: 
commitments subject to 
standstill    
  JPN-SGP:  
(1), (2), (3) none, except 
for alcoholic beverages 
(1), (3) unbound;  and 
petroleum products (3) NT prior notification 
   
  Negative listing 
agreements:  
JPN-CHL, JPN-
MEXa: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification 
requirements for oil 
industry (I, NT)   
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 165 
 
 
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-CH: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation 
of licences for distribution of alcoholic 
beverages (I, MA),   
  reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification 
requirements for 
distribution services related to petroleum and petroleum products 
(I,NT)   
  JPN-PER: 
reservations for existing 
measures on limitation of licences for 
distribution of alcoholic 
beverages (I, MA)   
4. E. Other 
- retail sales of motor fuel  
- wholesale trade and 
retailing services of steam 
and hot water  
- 
- Positive listing 
agreements: 
JP-BRN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN-PHL: 
(1), (2) none, (3) none, 
except NT prior 
notification Bilateral Investment Treaty 
(BIT) 
 
JPN-VNM BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures for heat supply industry and oil industry As in best EPAs 
  JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL: 
commitments subject to 
standstill  
JPN-BRN, JPN-IDN, 
JPN-MAL, JPN,PHL:  
(1) (2) none (3) none 
except NT prior 
notification JPN-PER BIT: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification requirements 
for heat supply and oil 
industry (I,NT)  
  JPN-IDN, JPN-MAL, 
JPN-PHL:  
commitments subject to 
standstill  
JPN-SGP, JPN- THL, 
JPN-VNM, JPN-IND:  
no commitments    
  Negative listing 
agreements:  
JPN-CHL, JPN-
MEXa: 
MA:  no obligation is 
provided and GATS commitments apply   
  Reservations for existing 
measures on the prior 
notification requirements for oil industry and heat supply 
(I,NT)   
Table AIV.9 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 166 
  
  Subsectors GATS FTAs Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
  JPN-CH: 
reservations for existing 
measures on the prior notification requirements for heat supply and distribution 
services related to 
petroleum and petroleum products which include retail sales of motor fuel 
(I, NT)   
 
a According to the Japanese authorities,  with regard to MA, no obligation is  provided and GATS commitments apply. 
 Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120. For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements.  
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. Japan WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 
 Page 167 
 
 
  Table AIV.10 
Japan's trade regimes in tourism 
Subsectors GATS commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
9.A. hotels and 
restaurants (excluding 
catering) (1) unbound*; 
(2), (3) none Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
SGP,THL, VNM:  
(1) unbound*; (2), (3) 
none - As in the best EPAs, 
hence no restrictions  
  IND:  (1), (2), (3) none   
  IDN, MAL, PHL: 
commitment subject to 
standstill   
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
MEX, CH, CHL:  no 
reservations (commitment 
subject to standstill and 
ratchet obligations)   
9.A. **Catering (1), (2), (3) none Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
PHL, SGP, THL,VNM: 
(1), (2), (3) none 
IDN, MAL, PHL, THL:  
commitment subject to 
standstill  - As in the best EPAs, 
hence no restrictions 
 
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
MEX, CH, CHL:  no 
reservations (commitment 
subject to standstill and ratchet obligations)   
9.B. Travel agencies 
and tour operators (1), (2), (3) none Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IND, IDN, MAL, 
PHL; SGP, THL, VNM:  
(1), (2), (3): none 
IDN, MAL,PHL,THL:  
commitment subject to 
standstill  - As in the best EPAs 
hence no restriction 
  Negative listing 
agreements:   
  MEX, CH, CHL:  no 
reservations (commitment 
subject to standstill and 
ratchet obligations)   
Table AIV.10 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/276/Rev.1 Trade Policy Review 
Page 168 
  
  Subsectors GATS commitments FTAs commitments Other preferential 
treatment Applied regime 
9.C. Tourist guide 
services (1) unbound*; 
(2), (3) none Positive listing 
agreements: 
BRN, IDN, MAL, PHL, 
SGP, THL, VNM:  
(1) unbound*; ( 2), 
(3) none 
IND:  (1), (2), (3) none  - As in the best EPAs, 
hence no restriction 
  IDN, MAL, PHL:  
commitment subject to 
standstill   
  Negative listing 
agreements:  
MEX, CH, CHL:  no 
reservations (commitment 
subject to standstill and ratchet obligations)   
9.D. Other No commitment Positive listing 
agreements: 
no commitment - As in the best EPAs, 
hence no restriction 
  Negative listing 
agreements: 
MEX, CH, CHL:  no 
reservations (commitment subject to standstill and 
ratchet obligations)   
 
Note: CPC means the United Nations Provisiona l Central products Classifi cation.  Restrictions to national treatment are indicat ed only 
to the extent that they differ from or add specific restrictions  to market access restrictions.  Mode 4 commitments are indicat ed 
only if they differ from the standard entry "unbound except as indi cated in the horizontal commitme nts".  Entries may have been  
summarized but their substance has been preserved. "Unbound *" means unbound due to lack of technical feasibility.  A 
Classification heading followed by an asterisk (e.g. CPC51310*) means "part of" the heading, unl ess otherwise explicitly stated .  
The nomenclature used for the first co lumn of the table is that of WTO doc ument MTN.GNS/W/120.  For negative listing 
agreements, the abbreviations in brackets indicate the chapter to whic h the reservations apply (CB for cross-border and I for 
investment) and the obligations to which the reservations are lodged MA for market access, NT for national treatment, LP or 
Loc.Pres for local presence, SMBD for composition of senior management and board of direct ors, PR or Perf. Req. for 
performance requirements.  
 
Source: WTO Secretariat. 
__________