Partial Amendments  to the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Regulations of  
Emissions from Non -Road Special Motor Vehicles and Relevant Notification  
 
April  2013  
Ministry of the Environment  
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry  
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism  
 
1．Background  of the Amendment s 
According to the 9th and the11th Reports of the Central Environment Council, “the Future Policy 
for Motor Vehicle Emission s Reduction ,” in January 2008 and August 2012 , reinforcement of 
emission s regulation s for non-road special motor vehicles powered by diesel engines (hereinafter, 
referred to as “diesel off-road vehicles”) is compiled as follows:  
a) Reinforcement of emission s standards on Nitrogen Oxide s (NOx) ,  
b) Require ment of measure s for blow -by gas ,  
c) Introduc tion of  Ramped Modal Cycle (RMC) of the new Non -Road Mobile Machinery 
global technical regulation  (NRMM  gtr) developed  by the United Nations Economic 
Commission  for Europe  (UN-ECE) World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle 
Regulations (WP29) ,   
d) Change of measur ing method for particulate matter  (PM) from the black smoke 
density method  to the Smoke Opacity Meter method using light-absorption 
coefficient . 
 
Consequently, Ministry of the Environment (MOE); Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 
(METI); and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) will partially amend 
the revised Enforcement Regulations of t he Act on Regulations of Emissions from Non -Road 
Special Motor Vehicles (Ordinance of MOE, METI, and MLIT, No. 1 of 2010 ) (hereinafter, 
referred to as “the Enforcement Regulations ”) as well as the revised Relevant Notification of the 
Act on Regulations of Emissions from Non -Road Special Motor Vehicles (Notification of MOE, 
METI, and MLIT, No. 1 of 2010 ) (hereinafter, referred to as “Notification ”) in order to reinforce  
the emission s regulation s for diesel off-road vehicles . 
 
2．Outline  of the Amendment s 
(1) Blow -by Gas Reduction Device   
[Scope  of Application ] 
Diesel off-road vehicles  with engine power rated on 19kW or more but less than 560 kW .  
[Summary of the Amendment s] 
 Installation of a blow-by gas reduction  device  (hereinafter refer red to the device  that 
bring s back  the gas leaked from a combustion chamber of the engine to a crankcase ), shall be required .  
 In case that the install ation  of a blow-by gas reduction device  is difficult , the vehicle 
must be tested  for both tailpipe and blow -by gas emissions at the time of emissions gas 
test (see Reference 1) and be regarded as compliant to the new regulation if the 
combination of these gases meet the emissions regulations . 
 
(2) Introduction of New Test Method for Emission s Gas Test and Reinforced E mission s 
Standards  
[Scope  of Application ] 
Diesel off-road vehicles  with engine power rated on 19kW or more  (for the reinforced NOx 
Regulations , with engine power rated on 56kW and more ) but less than 560 kW .  
[Summary  of the Amendment s] 
 RMC (see Reference  2) shall be introduced as the alternative  to C1 Mode Method for the 
emission s gas test . 
 Regulations  for NOx shall be reinforced in the e mission s gas test  (see Reference 3）.   
 
(3) Introduction of New Measuring Method for PM  
[Scope  of Application ] 
Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated on 19kW or more but less than 560 kW.  
 [Summary  of the Amendment s] 
Regarding the measur ing method for PM, the “Light-Absorption Coefficient  Measurement for 
the B lack Smoke at Unloaded Rapid Acceleration” ( Addendum 109 of Public Notice of MLIT, 
No.619 on 2002 , hereinafter referred to  as the “Public Notice that Prescribes Details ”) 
shall be introduced in  place  of the method provided  in “Measurement of the B lack Smoke at 
Unloaded Rapid Acceleration” ( Addendum 46 of the Public Notice that Prescribes Details ).  
In addition, the permissible limit of emission s for the black smoke shall be set as 0.5m-1.  
 
(4) Clarification of Provisions for Functional Maintenance of Emissions Arrester s 
[Scope of Application]  
Diesel off-road vehicles  with engine power rated on 19kW or more but less than 560 kW.  
[Summary of the Amendment s]  
 Regarding Urea Selective Catalytic Reaction (SCR) Systems and Diesel Particulate Filter 
(DPF) System, the new regulations will clearly provide that if these devices are not 
installed securely or damaged, then these shall not be regarded as compliant to the  new 
regulations.  
 For the functional maintenance of emissions arresters, the new regulations will clearly 
provide that these devices requiring replenishment of reducing agent that are not 
maintained properly shall not be regarded as compliant to the new regulations.  
 
(5) Amendment of Standards for Vehicles Manufactured in Smaller Numbers  [Scope of Application]  
Diesel off-road vehicles  with engine power rated on 19kW or more but less than 560 kW.  
[Summary of the Amendment s] 
In accordance with the aforementioned  amendments of emissions regulations , the standards 
for vehicles manufactured in smaller numbers shall be amended to regard as equivalent of 
carrying the same emissions performance of the type -approved off-road vehicles  (see 
Reference 4) . 
 
3．Date  of Entry  into Force   
The Amendments will enter into force as follow s.  Moreover, the date of entry into force for (4) 
will be the same date of proclamation.  
 
 Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated on 19kW or more but less than 
37kW* :  
October 1, 2016 (for vehicles in continuous production and import s: September 1, 2017) 
 Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated on 37kW or more but less than 
56kW* : 
October 1, 2016 (for vehicles in continuous production and import s: September 1, 201 7) 
 Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated on 56kW or more but less than 
75kW : 
October 1, 201 5 (for vehicles in continuous production and import s: September 1, 201 7) 
 Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated on 75kW or more but less than 
130kW: 
October 1, 201 5 (for vehicles in continuous production and import s: September 1, 201 7) 
 Diesel off -road vehicles with engine power rated  on 130 kW or more but less than 
560k W: 
October 1, 201 4 (for vehicles in continuous production and import s: September 1, 201 6) 
*Except reinforcement of NOx regulations in 2. (2) and 2. ( 5).  
 
4．Planned  Schedule   
 Date of Proclamation : June 2013  (Tentative)  
 Entry into Force: Date of Proclamation (Tentative ) Reference 1:  Example of Measur ing Method for Blow -by Gas based on NRMM gtr  
(In case of measuring the blow -by gas combined with tail pipe gas  emissions ) 
(c) The laboratory crankcase exhaust tubing shall meet the engine manufacturer ’s specifications   
for crankcase back pressure;   
(d) The crankcase exhaust tubing shall connect into the raw exhaust downstream of any 
aftertreatment system, downstream of any installed exhaust restriction, and sufficiently 
upstream of any sample probes to ensure complete mixing with the engine's exhaust bef ore 
sampling.  The crankcase exhaust tube shall extend into the free stream of exhaust to avoid 
boundary -layer effects and to promote mixing.  The crankcase exhaust tube's outlet may 
orient in any direction relative to the raw exhaust flow.   
(Cited from NRMM-gtr (ECE/TRANS/180/Add.11) 6.10.)  
 
 
(a) The tubing materials shall be smooth -walled, electrically conductive, and not reactive 
with crankcase emissions.  Tube lengths shall be minimized as far as possible;   
(b) The number of bends in the laboratory crankcase tubing shall be minimized, and the 
radius of any unavoidable bend shall be maximized;  
    (Cited from NRMM -gtr (ECE/TRANS/180/Add.11) 6.10.)  
 
Reference  2:  C1 Mode and RMC  
 
(1) About Ramped Modal Cycle  (RMC ) 
 RMC is one of  steady state t est cycles established by NRMM gtr .  The test cycles  are 
carried out under warm -start condition s similar to  C1 Mode. 
 Transition s between each mode shall be done within 20±1 seconds as linear shift s. 
 Regarding measurement of the e xhaust volume , it shall be measured by the same method 
as Non Road Transient Cycle ( NRTC ) and take samples continuously during the test 
cycle.   
 
 
(2) Comparison between C1 and RMC  
 
C1 mode  
 
Figures in table show WF [%].  
  RMC  
Figures in table show time -ratio [%] 
toward total length of testing time.  
(Note: Mode transition time (8%) is 
eliminated .) 
Torque[%]  
Reference  3:  Comp arison of the C urrent Emission Standards  and the Amendment s 
 
Table on Emission s Standards  for Diesel Off-Road Vehicles  
Rated Output  CO NMHC  NOx  PM Diesel Black 
Smoke  
Current  Amen
dm
ent Current  Amen
dm
ent Curre
nt Amen
dm
ent Current  Amen
dm
ent Curre
nt Amend  
ment  
19kW  or 
more  but less 
than 37kw  
5.0 
(6.5)   
←  
0.7 
(0.9)   
←  
4.0 
(5.3)  
  
←  
0.03 
(0.04)   
←  
25% 
  
0.5m-1 
 
37kW  or 
more  but less 
than 56kW   
5.0 
(6.5)   
←  
0.7 
(0.9)   
←  
4.0 
(5.3)   
←  
0.025  
(0.033)   
←  
25% 
  
0.5m-1 
 
56kW  or 
more  but less 
than 75kW   
5.0 
(6.5)   
←  
0.19 
(0.25)   
←  
3.3 
(4.4)   
0.4 
(0.53)  
  
0.02 
(0.03)   
←  
25% 
  
0.5m-1 
 
75kW  or 
more  but less 
than  
130kW   
5.0 
(6.5)   
←  
0.19 
(0.25)   
←  
3.3 
(4.4)   
0.4 
(0.53)  
  
0.02 
(0.03)   
←  
25% 
  
0.5m-1 
 
130kW  or 
more  but less 
than 560kW   
3.5 
(4.6)   
←  
0.19 
(0.25)   
←  
2.0 
(2.7)   
0.4 
(0.53)  
  
0.02 
(0.03)   
←  
25% 
  
0.5m-1 
 
Note :  
1.  Values in the column “Current ” and “Amendment ” indicate mean values, and those  in “( )” 
mean  the upper limits.   
2.  Values for CO, NMHC , NOx  and PM in the above table are shown in units of  g/kWh . 
3.  Regulations for CO, NMHC , NOx  and PM are the values based on the measure ment  by 
either 8 Mode or RMC and NRTC Mode method s.  
4.  Regulations for the diesel black smoke in the current regulation s are the value s based on the  
measuring method of the black smoke density at unloaded rapid acceleration using the black 
smoke  measurement device .  Those in the amendment s are the values based on the Smoke 
Opacity Meter . 
 Reference  4:  Comparison of the C urrent Standards and the Amendment s for Special 
Provisions for Non -Road Special Motor Vehicles Manufactured in Smaller 
Numbers ( Regarded as E quivalent of Carrying E missions Performance 
with T ype-Approved Off-Road Vehicles ) 
 
Scope of Application : Diesel Off-Road Vehicle s 
 
Rated Output  Equivalent Standards  
Current  Amendment s 
19kW  or more but less than 
37kW  Tier 4   
37kW  or more but less than 
56kW  Stage IIIB, Tier 4  
56kW  or more but less than 
560kW  Stage III B, Interim Tier 4  Stage IV, Tier 4 
 
Except when adopting ABT program and Emissions Credit (EC) shall be  a negative value of FEL 
selected in Tier  4 and Interim Tier  4, and when using the p hase-out option adopted in Interim Tier  
4.  
 
Notes : 
1. Interim Tier 4 and Tier  4 mean standards specified in Code  of Federal Regulations Title  40 
Chapter 1 Part  1039 .  
2. Stage I IIB and Stage I V mean standards specified in 97/68/EC and the Amended Directive .