Reference number  
PD 262 : 2019  
© RSB 2018  
  
 RWANDA 
STANDARD  DRS 
262 
 
2nd edition  
2014-mm-dd 
Precast concrete road kerbs, edgings and 
channels − Specification   
 PD 262 :2019  
In order to match with technological development and to keep con tinuous progress in industries, Standards are 
subject to periodic review. Users shall ascertain that they are in possession of th e latest edition  
 
© RSB yyyy 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written 
permission from RSB. 
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed toRwanda  Bureau of S tandard s. 
P.O Box 7099  
Kigali -Rwanda  
Tel: +250 -252- 586103/582945/ 582946  
Fax: +250 -252- 583305  
E-mail: info@RSB.org.rw  
 
 
ii Error! Reference source not found.  
  DRS 262: 2014  
iii                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 In order to match with technological development and to keep continuous progress in industries, 
standards are subject to periodic review. Users shall ascertain that they are in possession of the latest 
edition  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
© RSB yyyy 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized 
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechan ical, including photocopying and microfilm, without 
prior written permission from R SB. 
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to : 
Rwanda Standards  Board  
P.O Box 7099 Kigali -Rwanda  
KK 15 Rd, 49  
Tel. +250 788303492  
Toll Free: 3250  
E-mail: info@rsb.gov.rw  
Website: www.rsb.gov.rw   
ePortal: www.portal.rsb.gov.rw   DRS 262: 2014  
©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved                  iv 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. v 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 1 
3 Terms and Definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 1 
4 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 2 
4.1 Materials  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 3 
4.2 Product  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 3 
5 Marking of product  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 9 
6 Tests  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 9 
7 Retest  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  11 
8 Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  11 
Annex  A ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  12 
Annex  B ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  15 
 DRS 262: 2014  
v                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 Foreword   
Rwanda Standard s are prepared  by Technical Committee s and approved by R wanda Standards Board (RSB) 
Board  of Directors in  accordance with the procedures of RSB, in compliance with Annex 3 of the WTO/TBT 
agreement on the preparation, adoption and application of standards.  
The main task of technical committees  is to prepare national standards.  Final Draft Rwanda S tandards 
adopted by Technical committ ees are ratified  by me mbers of RSB Board of Director s for publication and 
gazettment as Rwanda Standards.  
PD 262 - was prepared by Technical Committee RSB/TC 055, Roads and Highway Engineering  
In the preparation of this standard, reference was made to the following standard s: 
1) SANS 927:2007 Precast concrete kerbs, edgings and channels  
2) BS EN 1340  :2003 Concrete kerb units —Requirements and test methods  
The assistance de rived from the above source is hereby acknowledged with thanks.  
This second edition cancels and replaces th e first edition (RS  262: 2014).  [clause(s) / subclause(s) / table(s) / 
figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.  
Commit tee membership  
The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee on Roads and Highway 
Engineering  (RSB/TC 55) in the preparation of this standard.  
ASTRIK / IER  
NPD  
UR-CST 
TECOS  
NPD  
RTDA  
E.R.M.B  
ERTRACO  DRS 262: 2014  
©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved                  vi 
 RUKOTANA Supply Co.  
Gasabo Distr ict 
EMP Ltd  
Rock Solid Construction  
Rwanda  Standards Board  (RSB) – Secretariat  
 PD 262: 2019  
1                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 Precast concrete kerbs, edging and channels — Specification  
1 Scope   
This Draft  Standard specifies materials requirements, properties and test methods for various types of 
unrei nforced precast concrete kerbs, edgings and channels intended for use in the construction of carriage 
ways and footways.  
 
2 Normative references   
The following  documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of  their content constitutes 
requirements of this document.  For dated references, only the edition  cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
RS EAS 18 -1 — Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity c riteria for common cements  
RS 373: Aggregates for concrete — Specification  
RS EAS 12  Potable water — Specification  
ISO 19596 Admixtures for concrete  
ISO 22965 -2: Concrete -- Part 2: Specification of constituent materials, production of concrete and complia nce 
of concrete  
ISO 22965 -1: Concrete -- Part 1: Methods of specifying and guidance for the specifier   
RS ASTM C131M  Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small -Size Coarse Aggregate by 
Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine  
3 Terms a nd Definitions   
3.1   
carriageway  
part of the road  constructed for use by vehicular traffic  
3.2 
footway  
portion of a road reserved exclusively for pedestrians  
3.3  
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 kerb  
border, usually upstanding, at the edge of a carriageway  or footway  
3.4 
defective  
product that fails in one or more respects to comply with the requirements of the standard  
3.5   
face 
of kerb, edging or channel> surface that is exposed after the product has been laid in place for use  
3.6  
product  
kerb, edging or  channel that is made from precast concrete  
3.6 
bed face  
lower surface in contact with the ground after laying  
3.7  
precast concrete product  
concrete product cast and cured in a place other than the final location of use  
  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General  
Only materials with suitability establi shed in terms of their properties and performance shall be used in the 
manufacture of concrete kerb units. The suitability requirements of the materials used shall be given in the 
manufacturer's production control documentation.  
Where, by conformity with relevant specifications, the properties and performance of materials have been 
demonstrated, further testing need not be performed.  
4.2 Asbestos  
Asbestos, or materials containing asbestos, shall not be used.  PD 262: 2019  
3                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 4.3 Materials  
4.1.1 Cement  
The cement used shall comply  with the requirements of RS EAS 18 -1. 
4.1.2 Aggregates  
Aggregates shall comply with the requirements of RS 373.  The aggregate crushing value, aggregate impact value 
and aggregate abrasion value shall not exceed the corresponding requirements laid down in RS ASTM C131M. The 
aggregate impact test shall be done only as an alternative test to aggregate crushing value. The maximum size of 
coarse aggregates may be as large as possible within the limits specified but shall not be greater than one -fourth of 
the mi nimum thickness of the section.  
4.1.3 Water  
The water used in the mixing of the concrete shall be potable water complying with RS EAS 1 2. 
4.1.4 Admixtures  
If applicable, admixtures shall comply with the requirements of  ISO 195 96. 
4.1.5 Concrete  
The concret e shall be minimum of M 25 grade, strength requirements shall comply as specifi ed in ISO 22965 -
1. 
4.4 Product  
4.2.1  Type  
The type of kerbs, edgings or channels shall be one of those shown in the applicable figure in table 1, 2 or 3, as 
required.  
4.2.2  Shapes  and dimensions  
Shapes of kerbs, edgings or channel s shall be one of those shown in the applicable figure in table 1, 2 or 3, as 
required.  
All dimensions shall conform to the appropriate values given in table 1, 2 or 3, as relevant, subject to a tolerance  of 
± 3 mm.  
Length : Unless otherwise required, the length of units shall be 1 m ± 3 mm.  
Straightness : The deviation from straightness of the longitudinal edges of the product shall not exceed 3 mm/m in 
length.  
Squareness : The deviation from squareness of u nits shall not exceed 1 mm per 200 mm.  
Radius : Radii shall be as specified in table 1, 2 or 3, as relevant.  
4.2.3  Appearance   
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 All products shall comply with the following:  
a) they shall be free from cracks other than hairline cracks;  
b) the faces shall be free fr om visible twist and dents;  
c) arrises shall be truly formed and shall conform to those shown in the figures in table 1, 2 or 3, as  relevant;  
d) there shall be no patching of defective surfaces or edges; and  the colour of the products shall be uniform ; 
e) all angle s of the precast units with the exception of the angles resulting from the splayed or chamfered 
faces in the sections shown in figures shall be true right angles. The arrises shall be clean and, with the 
exception of the rounded arrises, sharp.  
f) the wearin g surfaces shall be true and out of winding; and  
g)  on being fractured, the interior of the products shall present a clean homogeneous appearance.  
4.2.4 Finish and colour  
Special finishes  may be agreed upon between the purchaser and the  Supplier.  Unless othe rwise specified by 
the purchaser, the kerbs, channels, etc., shall be supplied in natural colour. When these are ordered coloured, 
the colour shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier at the time of placing the order. 
These may be colour ed throughout or only in a surface layer as agreed to between the purchaser and the 
supplier, and the surface layer shall be not less than 12.5 mm thick.  
 
Table 1 — Sections, dimensions and strength of kerbs   
Type  Sections and dimensions  
mm Minimum transve rse strength  
kN 
 
 
 
 
 
Rectangular  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Figure 1   
 
22 
 
 
Figure 2   
 
 
 
13 PD 262: 2019  
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Half-battered  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Figure 3   
 
22 
 
 
                                     150 
 
Figure 4   
 
19 
 
 
 
 
Figure 5  
  
 
 
5.5 for X 1=62 and X 2=75 
11 for X 1=75 and X 2=100  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Battered   
 
 
                             125  
 
 
 
 
8  
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Figure 6  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mountable   
 
 
 
                             180 
 
Figure 7  
  
 
 
 
 
23 
 
 
 
 
Figure 8  
 11 for Y 1=50 and Y 2=150  
 
15.5 for Y 1=75 and Y 2=175  
15 for Y 1=100 and Y 2=200  
26.5 for Y1=125 and Y 2=225  
 
Mountable   
 
   Figure 9  
  
 
21 
 PD 262: 2019  
7                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 NOTE The tolerance of longitudinal and radial dimensions is ±3 mm.  
 
Table 2 — Sections, dimensions and strength of edgings 
Type  Sections and dimensions  
mm Minimum transverse 
strength  
kN 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rectan gular   
 
                                              100  
                                        Figure 10   
 
 
9 
 
 
                                                75     
                                              
                                               Figure 11   
 
 
2.5 
 
   
  
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Half-round  
 
                                              100   
                                                 Figure 12   
9 
NOTE The tolerance of longitudinal and radial dimensions is ± 3 mm.  
 
 
 
 
Table 3 — Sections, dimensions and strength of channels  
Type  Sections and Dimensions  
mm Minimum transverse 
strength  
kN 
 
 
 
 
Rectangular   
 
 
 
                                           250                               
 
                                            Figure13   
 
 
 
13 PD 262: 2019  
9                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
    
 
 
Tapered   
 
 
Figure 14   
 
 
11 
Note  The tolerance of longitudinal and radial dimensions is ± 3 mm.  
4.2.5 Moulding  
The kerbs, edgings and channels shall be made under hydraulic pressure . The pressure employed shall be 
not less than 7 MN /m2 over the entire surface receiving the pressure. The escape of the finer particles of 
cement during the process of pressing shall be prevented as far as practicable . 
4.2.6 Transverse strength  
When determined in the manner described in 6.1 , the average f ailing load shall be not less than the 
appropriate value given in table 1, 2 or 3, as relevant . 
4.2.7 Water absorption  
When determined in the manner described in 6.2, the average increase in mass of each group of three 
specimens by absorption of water in t he first ten minutes shall not exceed 3.0 percent, and the absorption 
after 24 hours shall not exceed 8.0 percent, the percentages being calculated on the dry mass of the test 
pieces.  
5 Marking of product  
Each consignment of kerbs, edgings or channels shall be accompanied by a dispatch or consignment note that 
contains the following information:  
a) manufacturer's name or trade name or trade mark;  
b) date of manufacture;  
c) type of kerb (and size if applicable), edging or channel ;and  
d) dimensions, if applicable.  
6 Tests  
Sample of kerbs, edgings and channels selected in accordance with 7 shall satisfy tests for transverse 
strength and  absorption of water.  
  
©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved                  10 
 6.1 Test for transverse strength  
When tested in t he manner described in Annex A, kerbs, edgings and channels shall sup port without damage, 
for at least one minute, the loads given in Table 1,  2 and 3 respectively . 
The above test loads relate to tests for transverse strength carried out 28 days after the kerbs, edgings and 
channels are manufactured . 
If tests are carried ou t after a longer period has elapsed, the load to be supported shall be the appropriate 
load stated in table 1, 2 or 3 multiplied by the ageing factors  in table 4 : 
 
Table 4 − Ages of sample at test ageing factor  
Months  Ageing factor  
1 1.0 
3 1.10 
6 1,15 
12 1.2 
Ageing factors for intermediate ages may be obtained by interpolation.  
 
 
6.2 Test for water absorption  
When tested in the manner described in Annex B, the a verage increase in mass of each group of three 
specimens by absorption of water in the first ten minutes shall not exceed 3.0 percent, and the absorption 
after 24 hours shall not exceed  8.0 percent, the percentages being calculated on the dry mass of the t est 
pieces . 
 
6.3 Test report  
 
The following particulars shall be supplied in the test report other than for tests for factory production  control:  
1) name of the organisation carrying out the test;  
2)  name of the person carrying out the test;  
3)  date of t he test;  
4)  name of the source providing the sample;  
5)  sample reference including the date of production;  
6)  name of the person taking the sample;  
7)  relevant RS number and annex where applicable;  
8)  name of the test;  
9)  test result;  PD 262: 2019  
11                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 10)  pertinent remarks about the sample or test result . 
7 Retest  
Should any test sample fail to comply with  the requirements of either of the tests specified in 6.1 and 6.2, two 
further test samples from the batch comprising the same order shall be tested.  
Should one or bo th of these further test samples fail to comply with the requirements of the tests, the whole of 
the batch represented by the samples shall be rejected.  
8 Sampling  
 For the purpose of the tests specified in 6 , the purchaser or his representative  should  selec t up to three 
samples for every order of 900 m or less, and one further sample for every further 1 800 m or part of 1 800 m, 
comprising the same order.  
The purchaser or his representative shall, at all reasonable times, have access to the place where the k erbs,  
edgings  channels are manufactured or stored, for the purpose of examining and sampling the materials and 
the finished products, inspecting the process of manufacture, and testing and marking the products. The 
supplier/manufacturer shall, free of ext ra charge, provide or make arrangements for the provision of every 
facility and all labour required for such examination, sampling, inspecting, testing and marking before delivery, 
and shall provide and maintain or make arrangements for providing and maint aining in good working  order 
suitable, convenient and accurate apparatus for testing samples as hereinafter provided.   
©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved                  12 
 Annex  A 
                                                                      (normative)  
Method of test for transverse strength  
A.1 Apparatus  
A.1.1 Testing machine , that  
a) is of sufficient capacity to be capable of applying a flexural load at a rate of 20 N/min/mm of width of the 
specimen;  
b) is accurate to within 1.5 % of the applied test load;  
c) has two steel bearing platens with hardened face s; 
d) has an upper platen with a spherical seating, a bearing face width of 50 mm and a length that is at least equal to 
the width of the specimen, and  
e) has a lower platen fitted with two level and parallel self -aligning bearers of 40 mm diameter, 750 mm  apart 
(centre to centre), and of length at least equal to the width of the specimen.  
A.1.2 Hardwood fillet , 
used for rectangular specimens, of width 50 mm and of the same length as the width of the specimen. The fillet is in 
contact with both the upper pl aten and the specimen over the full width of the specimen.  
A.1.3 Hardwood wedge , 
 used for battered, mountable or half -round specimens, the face of which is complementary (i.e. so shaped that the 
cross section of the wedge -and-specimen assembly is rectangu lar) and provided with an end plate (or an overhang 
of the wedge) to prevent slipping.  
A.2 Preparation of test specimens  
Before testing, immerse three specimens in water for 24 h ± 2 h at a temperature in the range of 20 °C±5oC  
A.3 Procedure  
A.3.1 Support  the specimen on the bearers on the lower platen (with the wide plane down, if applicable).  
Each sample shall be supported as shown in Fig. A.1 upon two steel bearers P, each 6 mm wide on the 
supporting surfaces, parallel to each other and spaced 750 mm ap art for kerbs and channels and 450 mm 
apart for edgings . 
A.3.2 Position the bearing face of the upper platen at mid -span of the specimen and across the upper surface of the 
specimen parallel to the supporting bearers.  
The sample Q shall be placed upon the bearers with the greatest width of its wearing face uppermost and its 
ends parallel to the bearers. The bearers shall be level in all directions and shall be so arranged as to support 
the sample when under test, throughout its whole width . 
A.3.3 Interpose the hardwood fillet or wedge between the platen and the specimen. A bedding of soft board can be 
used for proper contact between the fillet and the specimen if necessary.  PD 262: 2019  
13                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
  
A.3.4 Apply the load at a rate of 20 N/min/mm width of the specimen until the specim en fails. The load W shall be 
applied through the medium of a hardwood fillet to a space 50 mm wide in the centre of the unsupported 
portion of the sample and extending the whole width of the sample, parallel to the bearers. The hardwood fillet 
shal1 be be dded in a thin layer of plaster of Paris which shall be allowed to set before testing is commenced. 
The load shall be steadily and uniformly applied, starting from zero, at a rate not exceed ing 500 N per 300 mm 
of width ( measured parallel to the bearers ) per 10 seconds up to the maximu m 
A.3.5 Record the maximum load applied.  
A.3.6 Repeat A.3.1 to A.3.5 for the other two specimens.  
A.4 Calculation of test results  
Using the work dimensions of the failure plane calculate the second moment of area I about a hor izontal axis 
through the centre of the area of the failure plane.  
Calculate the strength, T, in mega -pascals of the precast units tested from the equation  
 
T=
  
where;  
T is the strength, in mega -pascals;  
P is the failure load in newton;  
L is the  distance apart of the supports in millimetres;  
I is the second moment of area; determined from the work dimensions  
y is the distance from the centroid to the extreme tensile fibre.  
Record the individual result in mega -pascals.  
A.5 Test report  
The test rep ort shall include the strength, T, of the precast units.  
Report the average of the results so obtained as the average failing load of the sample and check for 
compliance with 4. 2.6. If the failing load of any individual specimen is less than 80 % of the sp ecified average 
failing load, deem the sample to be defective . 
  
©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved                  14 
 
 
Figure A.1 − Method of test for transverse stren gth 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PD 262: 2019  
15                ©RSB yyyy - All rights reserved  
 Annex  B 
(normative)  
Method of test for water absorption  
B.1. Test piece  
B.1.1 From each sample kerb and channel three test pieces  shall be taken approximating in size and shape to 
a 100 mm cube and having two moulded faces and four faces cut by hammer and chisel. From each sample 
edging three test pieces shall be taken approximately 100 x 100 X 50 mm having the two 100 x 100 mm face s 
moulded and the four 100 x 50 mm faces cut by hammer and chisel.  
B.2. Water absorption test  
B.2.1  The test pieces shall be dried for 72 hours in a suitably ventilated drying oven, the temperature of 105°C  
± 5oC. On removal from the oven they shall be coo led for 24 hours in a desiccator or in a small dry airtight 
vessel. They shall then be weighed and immediately immersed in water at 2 0± 5°C for a period of 10 minutes 
± 10 seconds . At the end of this period they shall be removed, shaken to remove the bulk of the water, and 
then dried with a cloth as rapidly as possible until all the free water is removed from the surface, and again 
weighed. They shall then be immersed in water again for a total period of 24 hours, after which time they shall 
be removed, dri ed as before and weighed.  
B.3 Calculation of test results  
Calculate the water absorption (Wa) of each specimen as a percentage of its mass from the equation:  
Wa =
  
where;  
 M1 is the initial mass of the specimen (g);  
M2 is the final mass of the specimen (g).  
Calculate the mean value as a test result for the unit.  
B.4 Test report  
The test report shall give the values of water absorption for each of the specimens  
  
 
.  
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 Bibliography  
[1] ISO/IEC Directives, Part  2, Rules for the structure and drafting  of International Standards , 2016  
 DRS 262: 2014  
ICS  93.080.20  
 
 
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