G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
11 October 2017  
(17-5459)  Page: 1/29 
Working Party on State Trading Enterprises  Original: English  
 
 
 
STATE TRADING  
NEW AND FULL NOTIFIC ATION PURSUANT TO AR TICLE XVII:4(A)  
OF THE GATT 1994 AND  PARAGRAPH 1 OF THE U NDERSTANDING  
ON THE INTERPRETATIO N OF ARTICLE XVII  
UNITED STATES 
Revision  
The following communication, dated 22 September 2017, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the United States.  
 
_______________  
 
 
Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a) of the GATT 1994 and Paragraph  1 of the Understanding on the 
Interpretation of Article  XVII, the United States makes the following full and n ew notification of its 
state trading enterprises for 2010.  
 
This updated notification is being circulated to include additional information from the period of 
notification; otherwise, the notification is unchanged and included in its entirety for Members' 
convenience.  
 
I. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION  
 
1. Enumeration of State Trading Enterprises  
 
 (a) Identification of state trading enterprise  
 
The US Department of Agriculture's Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC).  
 
 (b) Description of products affected  
 
Commodities eligible for CCC programs are defined in the legislation or regulations for the specific 
program. Commodities currently covered by CCC include: Non -fat dry milk (0402), Butter (0405), 
Cheese (0406), Honey (0409), Chickpeas (0708), Lentils (0708), Dry Peas (0708), Wheat (1001), 
Barley (1003), Oats (1004), Corn (1005), Rice (1006), Sorghum (1007), Soybeans (1201), 
Peanuts (1202), Flaxseed (1204), Rapeseed (1205), Sunflower Seeds (1206), Canola (1207), 
Crambe (1207), Safflower (1207), Mustard Seed (12 07), Sesame Seed (1207), Sugar (1212), 
Cotton (5201), Mohair (5102), and Wool (4102).1  
 
                                                
1 Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (PL 110 -246). G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  2. Reason and Purpose  
 
 (a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a government -owned and operated entity within the 
US Department of Agriculture (USDA). CCC was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm 
income and prices. CCC also helps maintain balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural 
commodities and aids in t heir orderly distribution.  
 
 (b) Legal authority  
 
CCC was incorporated on 17 October 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of 
$3 million. It was initially managed and operated in close affiliation with the Reconstruction 
Finance Corporation,  which funded its operations. On 1 July 1939, CCC was transferred to USDA 
by the President's Reorganization Plan I. It was reincorporated on 1 July 1948, as a federal 
corporation within USDA by the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act  (62 Stat. 1070; 
15 U.S.C.  714).  
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the State Trading Enterprise  
 
 (a) Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
 
The CCC Charter Act, as amended, authorizes CCC to support prices of agricultural co mmodities, 
including through purchases and sales of agricultural commodities.  
 
(b) Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
 
CCC does not have exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise mark et, any product.  
 
Organization: CCC is managed by a Board of Directors, subject to the general supervision and 
direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, who is an ex officio  Director and Chairman of the Board. 
In addition to the Secretary, the Board cons ists of seven members who are appointed by the 
President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. The members of the 
Board and the Corporation's officers are all officials of USDA. CCC has no operating personnel. Its 
activities are c arried out primarily through the personnel and facilities of agencies within USDA.  
 
Financing: CCC has an authorized capital stock of $100 million held by the United States, with the 
authority to have outstanding borrowings of up to $30 billion at any one time. 
 
Funds may be borrowed from the US Treasury and may also be borrowed from private lending 
agencies and others. Interest on any borrowings from the Treasury (and on capital stock) is paid 
at a rate based upon the average interest rate of all outstandi ng marketable obligations (of 
comparable maturity date) of the US Government as of the preceding month. Interest may also be 
paid on other notes and obligations at a rate prescribed by the CCC and approved by the Secretary 
of the Treasury.  
 
Export Program s: CCC is authorized to make sales from its inventories to export markets. 
However, CCC has not done so since 1995.  
 
Import Programs: CCC has not engaged in import activity.  
 
(c) Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to  engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
As noted, CCC does not have exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise market, any 
product. All agricultural commodity import and export activities within the customs territory of the 
United States may be freely entered into by private sector traders without any special conditions 
or restrictions.  
 G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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   (d) How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise  
 
During the notification period, CCC did not import or exp ort any commodities.  
 (e) How export prices are determined  
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)).  
 
 (f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined   
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)).  
 
(g) Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enter prise. Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations entered into by the 
government . 
 
CCC is not authorized to negotiate long -term sales contracts.  
 
 (h) Description of market structure  
 
Agricultural commodity markets are characterized by numerous independent buyers and sellers.  
 
4. Statistical Information  
 
Table I:  Import information by product: Not applicable; no products imported.  
 
Table II:  Export information by product: Not applicable; no products exported.  
 
Table  III: Domestic activities where state trading enterprise also trades products internationally: 
Not applicable; no products traded internationally.  
 
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
 
During the period, CCC did not engage in exports or imports because such activity was not 
required to achieve CCC's mission.  
 
6. Additional Information  
 
None.  
 
II. ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FUND  
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprise  
 
 (a) Identification of state trading enterprise  
 
The United States maintains the Isotope Production and Distribution Program Fund (IP&D) within 
the Department of Energy.  
 
 (b) Description of products affected  
 
The products affected are isotopes under Harmonized Tariff System headings 2844 and 2845.  
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
 (a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
The Department of Energy provides radioactive and stable isotope products and associated 
services to a wide and varied domestic and international market. The IP&D produces and sells 
radioactive and stable isotopes, byproducts, surplus materials, and related isotope services. These 
products and services are sold worldwide and are used for a variety of research, development, 
biomedical, and industrial  applications. The program's objectives are to produce and distribute G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  isotopes for research and development, medical diagnostics and therapy, and other applications 
that are in the national interest.  
 
 (b) Summary of Basis for Exclusive Rights or Privileg es 
 
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 provides the basic authority for the Department of Energy (DOE) to 
produce and distribute isotopes and to support research and development of new isotope products 
and technology.  
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the S tate Trading Enterprise  
 
 (a) Overview  
 
For over 50 years, this program and its predecessors have been at the forefront of the 
development and production of stable and radioactive isotope products that are now used world -
wide. DOE applies its unique expertise and capabilities to address technology issues associated 
with the application, production, handling, and distribution of isotopes. Adequate supplies of 
medical and research isotopes are essential to maintain effective diagnosis, treatment, and 
research capabilities in the United States. The program's products and services are sold to over 
20 countries. The program produces isotopes only where there is no US private sector capability or 
other production capacity is insufficient to meet US needs. Th e specific materials sold under the 
program are listed in Annex I.  
 
The program also develops improved means of producing and separating isotopes that are needed 
to serve the national interest. Such services include, but are not limited to, irradiation se rvices, 
target preparation and processing, source encapsulation and other special preparations, analyses, 
chemical separations, and the lease of stable isotopes for research purposes.  
 
The program supports the production and development of production tech niques of radioactive and 
stable isotopes that are in short supply. Isotopes are high -priority commodities of strategic 
importance for the United States and are essential for energy, medical, national security, and basic 
research. A goal of the program is to make critical isotopes more readily available to meet 
domestic US needs. To this end, the program functions as a business and, therefore, focuses 
attention on the quality of products and services, customer satisfaction, cost control, marketing, 
pricing stability, and revenue and cash collections.  
 
The IP&D sells isotopes to government entities, domestic purchasers, and to foreign purchasers.  
 
The Department coordinates its activities with commercial producers to ensure the continued 
availability of esse ntial isotopes. The Department is streamlining its activities by consolidating or 
privatizing wherever possible to reduce the cost to US taxpayers.  
 
(b) Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
 
See (a) above.  
 
(c) Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
Private companies and universities engaged in the production and distribution of isotopes are 
permitted to import and export isotopes.  
 
 (d) How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise  
 
To ascertain current and future demands of the community, the program develops working groups 
with other federal agencies, fosters inter actions between customers and program staff, obtains 
data from site visits, attends society exhibitions, and develops strategic plans and priorities with 
community input. Research on market sizes, pricing pressures, and customer feedback is also 
obtained t hrough independent surveys and studies, as well as program management assessments.  
 G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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   (e) How export prices are determined  
 
Prices charged for the program's products are based on production costs, market value, and 
research needs.  
 
 (f) How the resale pric es of imported products are determined  
 
Import prices are determined by production costs and market value.  
 
(g) Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise. Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual o bligations entered into by the 
government . 
 
Long-term contracts are negotiated often with price discounts for quantity purchases.  
 
 (h) Description of market structure  
 
The worldwide isotope market has three major components: medical, industry (including h omeland 
security), and scientific (non -medical) research. This market is characterized by high barriers to 
entry, production facilities that are primarily government owned and operated, and demand driven 
by a few major commercial customers. The number of s uppliers for selected major isotopes is 
growing due to a shortage of suppliers for these key isotopes used in hospitals and the private 
sector.  
 
4. Statistical Information  
 
2008 and 2009: Table I. The State Trading Enterprise (Isotope Production and Distri bution (IP&D) 
is engaged in the primary production and distribution of stable (enriched) and radio -isotopes, not 
their importation. However, several targets with a total activity of 266,222 MBq (2008) and 
356,740 MBq (2009) were irradiated in foreign facil ities and imported into this country by IP&D to 
augment domestic supply where IP&D could not meet demand. These irradiated targets were 
chemically processed by IP&D with the result that significant value was added to the product by 
IP&D prior to being sold  in a form required by the customers.  
 
2008 and 2009: Table II. Cobalt -60 (HS 2844.40.0010) not sold to foreign customers during this 
reporting period. Heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000) not exported during this reporting period.  
 
2008 and 2009: Table III: Because IP&D is engaged in the primary production of these isotopes 
for distribution, no domestic purchases of these materials were made by IP&D during 2008 and 
2009. Cobalt -60 (HS  2844.10.0000) and heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000) w ere not sold 
domestically in 2008 and 2009.  
 
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
 
Not applicable.  
 
6. Additional Information  
 
None.  
 
 
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  ANNEX 1  
List of isotopes sold in 2008  
 
Actinium -225 
Americium -243 
Antimony -123 
Arsenic -73 
Barium -132, -134, -135, -136, -137, -138 
Beryllium -7 
Bromine -81 
Calcium -40, -42, -43, -44, -48 
Californium -252 
Cadmium -106, -109, -110, -111, -112, -114, -116 
Cerium -140, -142 
Chlorine -35, -37 
Chromium -53 
Copper -65 
Curium -244, -248 
Dysprosium -161 
Erbium -166, -167, -168, -170 
Europium -151, -153 
Gadolinium -148, -155, -156, -157, -158, -160 
Gallium -69, -71 
Germanium -68, -70, -72, -73, -76 
Hafnium -176, -177, -178, -179, -180 
Helium -3 
Iridium -191, -193 
Iron-54, -55, -56, -57, -58 
Lanthanum -138 
Lead-204, -207, -208 
Lithium -6, -7 
Lutetium -176, -177 
Magnesium -24, -25, -26 
 Mercury -198, -199, -200, -201, -204 
Molybdenum -95, -96, -97, -98, -100 
Neodymium -145, -148, -150 
Nickel -58, -60, -61, -62, -63, -64 
Nitrogen -15 
Osmium -188, -189, -190 
Palladium -105, -108 
Platinum -190, -194, -195, -196, -198  
Plutonium -239, -241, -242 
Polonium -209 
Potassium -41 
Rhenium -185 
Rubidium -83, -85, -87 
Ruthenium -99, -100, -101, -104 
Samarium -147, -149, -152, -154 
Selenium -74, -76, -77, -78, -82 
Silicon -28, -29, -30 
Silver -107, -109 
Sodium -22 
Strontium -82, -84, -86, -87, -88, -90 
Sulfur -32, -34 
Tellurium -122, -125, -130 
Thallium -203 
Thorium -228, -229 
Titanium -44, -47, -48, -49 
Tungsten -183, -186, -188 
Uranium -234, -235, -238 
Ytterbium -170, -171, -172, -173, -174 
Yttrium -88 
Zinc-65, -66, -67, -68, -70 
Zirconium -90, -91, -92, -94, -96 
 
 
List of isotopes sold in 2009  
 
Actinium -225 
Aluminium -26 
Americium -241, -243 
Arsenic -73 
Beryllium -7 
Bismuth -207 
Calcium -42, -43, -44, -46, -48 
Californium -252 
Cadmium -109, -112 
Cesium -137 
Chromium -50, -53 
Cobat -60 
Copper -67 
Curium -244, -248 
Dysprosium -163 
Gadolinium -148 
Gallium -69 
Germanium -68 
Helium -3 
Holmium -166 
Hydrogen -2, -3 
Iodine -125, -131 
Iridium -192 
Iron-54, -55, -57, -58 
Krypton -78, -86 
Lead-204 
Lithium -6, -7 
 Lutetium -176, -177 
Magnesium -28 
Molybdenum -99 
Nickel -61, -62, -63 
Palladium -103 
Phosphorous -32 
Platinum -195m  
Plutonium -238, -239, -240, -242 
Polonium -209 
Rubidium -85, -87 
Samarium -152 
Selenium -75 
Silicon -29, -32 
Sodium -22 
Strontium -82, -84, -85, -88, -89, -90 
Technetium -95m,99  
Tellurium -124 
Thallium -203 
Thorium -229, -230 
Titanium -44 
Tungsten -188/Rhenium -188 
Uranium -234, -235, -238 
Xenon -124, -126, -127, -133 
Yttrium -88, -90 
Zinc-65, -66, -68, -70 
Zirconium -90, -92, -94, -96 
 
 
 G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  III. POWER ADMINISTRATIONS  
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprises  
 
 (a) Identification of state trading enterprises  
 
The United States maintains the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville), Southeastern Power 
Administration (Southeastern), Southwestern Power Administration (Southwestern), and Wes tern 
Area Power Administration (Western) within the Department of Energy. Southeastern and 
Southwestern had no foreign transactions in the current or recent reporting periods. Information 
on these two entities is being provided for transparency purposes.  
 
 (b) Description of product affected  
 
The product affected is Electrical Energy, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2716.  
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
 (a) Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprises  
 
The Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) market wholesale electricity generated at 
hydroelectric dams owned and managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) 
and the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation). Bonneville also markets electricity 
genera ted by a nuclear plant owned and operated by Energy Northwest, and by a non -federally 
owned and operated hydro project. Western also markets about 400 MW of capacity generated by 
the Navajo coal -fired plant in Arizona. The federal government began to marke t electricity after 
Congress authorized the construction of the dams and established major water projects by the 
Corps and Reclamation, primarily in the 1930s through the 1960s. The Corps and Reclamation 
operate these projects to provide or manage water fo r such multiple purposes as irrigation, flood 
control, navigation, recreation, water supply, and environmental enhancement. These agencies 
also generate electricity at hydropower plants located at federal water projects. The PMAs sell the 
power that is not  used for project purposes to cooperatives and public bodies, such as municipal 
utilities, irrigation districts, military installations, and to other utilities, and any power surplus to 
those needs to other power purchasing entities.  
 
In addition to the mo re general purposes above, the self -financed Bonneville is obligated to meet 
requesting publicly -owned utilities' loads in its Pacific Northwest marketing area; own, operate, 
and maintain a high -voltage transmission system; encourage conservation; and to p rotect, 
mitigate and enhance the fish and wildlife of the Columbia River and its tributaries. Bonneville sells 
at wholesale and at cost the electric power produced at 31 operating federal hydroelectric projects 
owned and operated by the Corps and Reclamati on, and the electric power produced by the non -
federally owned and operated nuclear and hydro plants previously mentioned. Bonneville acquires 
and sells non -Federal electric power and conservation resources sufficient to meet the net, non -
generating, requi rements of Bonneville public customers. Bonneville's Administrator and the Corps' 
Division Engineer, Northwestern Division, are directed by Executive Order to be the US Entity 
overseeing the execution of the 1961 Columbia River Treaty between the US and Ca nada.  
 
 (b) Legal authority  
 
The PMAs are separate and distinct entities within the Department of Energy, operating pursuant 
to their enabling legislation, including the Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977.  
 
The Bonneville Project Act of 1937 (" Project Act") established the Bonneville Power Administration 
within the Department of the Interior (later incorporated into the Department of Energy). The 
Bonneville Project Act, the Federal Columbia River Transmission System Act of 1974, the Pacific 
Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act of 1980, the Columbia River Treaty of 
1961, and other federal laws contain provisions that define Bonneville's mission and/or affect the 
way it is carried out.  
 
The missions of the Southeastern Power Admi nistration and the Southwestern Power 
Administration are set forth in section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944.  
 G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  The authority for Western Area Power Administration's operations derives from the federal 
reclamation laws, in particular section 9(c) of the  Reclamation Project Act of 1939, and consistent 
with section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944.  
 
3. Description of the Functioning of the State Trading Enterprises  
 
 (a) Overview  
 
The PMAs sell electric power generated by hydroelectric projects (and oth ers as noted) owned and 
operated by Reclamation or the Corps, who also provide or manage water for such multiple 
purposes as irrigation, flood control, navigation, recreation, municipal water supply, and 
environmental enhancement.  
 
(b) Specification of exc lusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprises  
 
The PMAs, except the self -financed Bonneville, are funded by a variety of methods, including 
annual appropriations to the Department of Energy and use of PMA receipts. The non -Bonneville 
PMA revenue that is not used to fund PMA activities is deposited in the Miscellaneous Receipts 
account and the Reclamation Fund in the US Treasury. The PMAs are exempt from Federal income 
taxation and from state and local taxation.  
 
Bonneville is a self -financed federal entity. Bonneville is authorized to use the proceeds in the BPA 
fund without appropriation and without fiscal year limitation. BPA's revenues are not part of the 
general funds of the US Treasury. To finance its capital programs, Bonneville is authorized by the 
Federal Columbia River Transmission System Act of 1974, as amended, to issue to the US 
Treasury up to $7.7 billion of interest -bearing bonds with terms and repayment conditions 
comparable to debt issued by US government corp orations. Bonneville is statutorily treated 
(16 U.S.C 838i (c)) as a wholly -owned US Government corporation under provisions of the 
Government Corporation Control Act (31  U.S.C  9106) for purposes of its financial and budget 
operations.  
 
(c) Type of entitie s other than the state trading enterprises that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
More than 3,000 private investor -owned, local government -owned, and cooperatively -owned 
utilities engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity are permitted to 
import and export electricity.  
 
 (d) How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprises  
 
The PMAs may import and export electricity as authorized by each PMA's legislative authority and 
by its management. Southeastern and Southwestern do not import or export power to other 
countries. Western imports and exports only non -firm power. A portion of the firm power output 
generated at federal and non -federal Columbia River project s is owned by Canada ("Canadian 
Entitlement") under the terms of the Columbia River Treaty, and Bonneville delivers that power to 
Canada primarily at the US/Canada border on behalf of the US Entity and is obligated to do so 
through at least 16 September 20 24. Additionally, from time to time, Bonneville may import or 
export short -term non -firm or firm energy or capacity.  
 
The PMAs are not required to obtain export authorizations. Import and export levels are 
determined by supply and demand.  
 
 (e) How export prices are determined  
 
Western and Bonneville export surplus power at market -based rates.  
 
 (f) How the resale prices of imported products are determined  
 
The costs Bonneville and Western incur to purchase imported power are incorporated into the 
power -related production costs for these agencies.  Firm power is sold to customers at cost -based 
firm power rates.  The price of surplus power sales is set at market prices.  This market price can G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  vary significantly, depending on market conditions. Any excess revenu e derived from the sale of 
surplus power is used to reduce future firm power rates, ensuring that the agencies do not recover 
more than their full power -related costs.  
 
(g) Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprises. Whethe r 
the state trading enterprises are used to fulfill contractual obligations entered into by 
the government . 
 
Bonneville, Southeastern, Southwestern, and Western sign long -term contracts for the sale of 
federally -generated power within the United States. We stern does not sign long -term contracts for 
the exportation or importation of non -firm power. The Columbia River Treaty provides for the 
delivery of the Canadian share of the Treaty's downstream power benefits to the Canadian border 
through at least 16 Sep tember 2024, of approximately 4.3 Terawatt hours annually.  
 
 (h) Description of market structure  
 
The structure for the electricity market is competitive. Private investor -owned utilities, both US 
and foreign -owned, government instrumentalities and governm ent-owned providers of electricity, 
are engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in the US. The regional 
electric grids are interconnected with Canada and Mexico. There is no tariff on electricity.  
 
4. Statistical Information  
 
See attached tables.  
 
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
 
Not applicable.  
 
6. Other information  
 
None.  
 
IV. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE  
 
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprise  
 
 (a) Identification of state trading enterprise  
 
The United States maintains the Strategic Petroleum Reserve within the Department of Energy.  
 
 (b) Description of product affected  
 
The product affected is Crude Petroleum, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2709.  
 
2. Reason and Purpose  
 
 (a) Reason or purpose f or establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is a crude oil stockpile, managed by the Department of 
Energy (DOE). The SPR mission is to reduce vulnerability to economic, national security, and 
foreign policy consequences of supply interruptions.  
 
 (b) Legal auth ority 
 
The SPR was created pursuant to the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 22  December  1975 
(Public Law 94 -163), as amended, to reduce the impact of disruptions in supplies of petroleum 
products and to carry out obligations of the United States under  the Agreement on an 
International Energy Program.  
 G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  3. Description and Functioning of the State Trading Enterprise  
 
 (a) Overview  
 
The United States, through the Strategic Petroleum Reserve of the Department of Energy, owns 
and operates four underground st orage facilities for crude oil with a combined storage capacity of 
727 million barrels. SPR acquires both domestic and imported crude oil through purchase and 
exchange, and as well as production and royalties from Federal lands. In recent years, oil has be en 
obtained primarily through the competitive exchange of Federal offshore royalty oil for domestic or 
imported oil to be delivered to the SPR.  
 
During an emergency "drawdown" of crude oil from the reserve, the Department of Energy is to 
competitively sell  and distribute the crude oil to purchasers primarily through commercial pipelines 
and marine terminals.  
 
As of 31 December 2009, the SPR held about 726.6. million barrels of crude oil. Together, the 
facilities and crude oil represent more than a $20 billi on national investment.  
 
(b) Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
 
The Department of Energy, Strategic Petroleum Reserve, is an agency of the United States 
Government funded by annual appropriat ions for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account and by 
the SPR Petroleum Account. During an emergency drawdown and sale of crude oil, the SPR 
Petroleum Account is the source of funding the incremental costs of withdrawing oil from the 
storage caverns and transporting it to the point where purchasers take title. If additional funds are 
required for drawdown, they may be transferred from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account or 
other Department of Energy offices. The Federal Government deposits to the acco unt an amount 
equal to receipts realized from sales resulting from an emergency drawdown to create additional 
funding to fill the SPR.  
(c) Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and c onditions for participation  
 
Private companies engaged in the exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of 
crude oil are permitted to import and export crude oil.  
 
(d) How import/export levels are established for state trading enterprise  
Oil is imported in accordance with Reserve fill plans as determined by legislative or administration 
direction.  
 (e) How export prices are determined  
The Department of Energy Strategic Petroleum Reserve does not export crude oil.  
 (f) How the resale prices  of imported products are determined  
Imported and domestic crude oil is commingled in the underground storage facilities. The price of 
SPR crude oil sold is determined through competition open to all financially responsible offerors.  
(g) Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise. Whether 
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfill contractual obligations entered into by the 
government . 
 
The Department of Energy Strategic Petroleum Reserve has previously competitively neg otiated 
six-month term royalty exchange contracts to fill the Reserve. The Strategic Petroleum Reserve is 
currently full to its capacity.  
 (h) Description of market structure  
The structure of the crude oil market is international and competitive. Verticall y-integrated oil 
companies and independent companies, both US and foreign -owned, are engaged in the G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of crude oil in the US. The tariffs on 
crude oil are 5.25  cents per barrel for crude oil testing  less than 25 degrees API and 10.5 cents per 
barrel for crude oil testing 25 degrees API or more.  
4. Statistical Information  
See attached tables.  
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place  
Not applicable.  
6. Additional Information  
None 
  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 12 - TABLE I  
STATE TRADING: ISOTO PES PRODUCTION AND D ISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2008  
Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark-up National Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound 
with Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  266,222 MBq  $1.42/MBq  Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) 
- HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, 
nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
 
   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 13 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2009  
Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark-up National Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound 
with Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  356,740 MBq  $1.33/MBq  Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) 
- HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, 
nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 14 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING: ISOTO PES PRODUCTION AND D ISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2008  
Description of Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Exported  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average 
Export Price  National 
Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0  Unknown  $0  Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  466,661 MBq  $285,435 total  Unknown  $0.61/MBq  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0  Unknown  $0  Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  15.12 kg  $246,191 total  Unknown  $16,283/kg  Unknown  
  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 15 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2009  
Description of Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Exported  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average 
Export Price  National 
Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unkno wn $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  189,296 MBq  $469,000 total  Unknown  $2.47/MBq  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  30 kg  $0 Unknown  $10,277/kg  Unknown  
  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 16 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING: ISOTO PES PRODUCTION AND D ISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2008  
Description of Product Including 
HS Number  Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading Enterprises  National 
Production  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  $0 Unknown  9,553,405 MBq  
($1.16/MBq)  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  $0 Unknown  15.1 kg  
$315,734/kg  Unknown  
  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 17 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2009  
Description of Product Including 
HS Number  Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading Enterprises  National 
Production  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterpri se National Consumption  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  $0 Unknown  1,712,185 MBq  
($7.13/MBq)  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  $0 Unknown  2.06 kg  
$182,038/kg  Unknown   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 18 - TABLE I2 
STATE TRADING: POWER  MARKETING ADMINISTRA TION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2008  
 Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported3 Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price4 Mark-up National 
Production5 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  57 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  57 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  57 billion kWh  0.25 billion kWh  $0.078/kWh  9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  57 billion kWh  Op Agrmnts: .266 
billion kWh Energy: 
1.43 billion kWh  Op Agrmnts: N/A 
Energy: 
$.0653/kWh*  9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion kWh  
 *Average price at mid -C Hub  
 
                                                
2 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year (October – September) rather than calendar year amounts.  
3 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1  Electricity Overview, Selected Years, 1949 -2011, Trade – Exports 
and Imports, p. 221.  
4 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Average Retail Prices of Electricity , Selected Years, 1960 -2011, 
Cents per kil owatt hour – nominal – Total Sales, p. 255.  
5 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years , 1949 -2011, Net Generation.   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 19 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2009  
 Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported6 Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price7 Mark-up National 
Production8 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  52 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  N/A 3,953 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  52 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  N/A 3,953 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  52 billion kWh  0.17 billion kWh  $0.075/kWh  9.89 cents/kWh  $0.0246/kWh  3,953 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  52 billion kWh  Op Agrmnts: .266 
billion kWh 
Energy: .913 
billion kWh  Op Agrmnts: N/A* 
Energy: 
$.0360/kWh*  9.89 cents/kWh  $0.0466/kWh  3,953 billion kWh 
 *Average price at mid -C Hub  
                                                
6 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Rev iew March 2010", Table 7.1 (Electricity Overview).  
7 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly - Total Electric Power Industry Summary Statistics, Year to Date 2009 and 2008, January through 
December, Table ES1.b (Average Retail Price), an d Electric Power Monthly - Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End -Use Sector, 
Table  5.3 (15 March 2010)  
8 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly - Total Electric Power Industry Summary Statistics, Year t o Date 2009 and 2008, January through 
December", Table ES1.b. (Net Generation, All Energy Sources 2009), and Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Rev iew April 2010", Table 7.1 (Electricity 
Overview).   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 20 - TABLE II9 
STATE TRADING: POWER  MARKETING ADMINISTRA TION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2008  
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Exported10 Quantity Exported by 
State Trading Enterprise  Average 
Procurement 
Price Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price11 Average 
Export Price  National 
Production12 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 24 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion 
kWh 
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 24 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  N/A 4,119 billion 
kWh 
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 24 billion kWh  104.4 million kWh  N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  $0.0495 / 
kWh 4,119 billion 
kWh 
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 24 billion kWh  Op Agreements: 
4.5 billion kWh  
Energy: 1.0 billion kWh  N/A 9.74 cents/kWh  Op Agrmnts: 
N/A 
Energy:  
$0.0466 / 
kWh*  4,119 billion 
kWh 
 *Average price at mid -C Hub  
 
 
                                                
9 Southeastern and Western amounts are fis cal year (October – September) rather than calendar year amounts.  
10 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years , 1949 -2011, Trade – Exports 
and Exports, p. 221.  
11 Energy Info rmation Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.10 Average Retail Prices of Electricity, Selected  Years, 1960 -2015, 
Cents per kilowatt hour – nominal – Total Sales, p. 255.  
12 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy  Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years, 1949 -2011, Net Generation, 
p. 221.   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 21 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2009  
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Exported13 Quantity Exported by 
State Trading Enterprise  Average 
Procurement 
Price Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price14 Average 
Export Price  National 
Production15 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 18 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  N/A 3,953 billion 
kWh 
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 18 billion kWh  0 N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  N/A 3,953 billion 
kWh 
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 18 billion kWh  91.7 million kWh  N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  $0.0246 / 
kWh 3,953 billion 
kWh 
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 18 billion kWh  Op Agreements: 
4.52 billion kWh*  
Energy: 2.00 billion 
kWh*  N/A 9.89 cents/kWh  Op Agrmnts: 
N/A* 
Energy:  
$0.0653 / 
kWh*  3,953 billion 
kWh 
                                                
13 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review March 2010", Table 7.1 (Electricity Overview).  
14 Energy Information Administration, "El ectric Power Monthly - Total Electric Power Industry Summary Statistics, Year to Date 2009 and 2008, January through 
December, Table ES1.b (Average Retail Price), and Electric Power Monthly - Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total  by End -Use Sector, Table  5.3 
(15 March 2010).  
15 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly - Total Electric Power Industry Summary Statistics, Year to Date 2009 and 2008, January through 
December", Table ES1.b. (Net Generation, All Energy Sources 2009), and Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review April 2010", Table 7.1 (Electricity 
Overview).   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 22 - TABLE III16 
STATE TRADING: POWER  MARKETING ADMINISTRA TION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2008  
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading Enterprises  National Production17 Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption18 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  1.3 billion kWh  4,119 billion kWh  4.5 billion kWh  3,865 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  68.7 million kWh  4,119 billion kWh  8.0 billion kWh  3,865 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  10,875 million kWh  4,119 billion kWh  36.3 billion kWh  3,865 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  4.4 billion kWh*  4,119 billion kWh  74.4 billion kWh**  3,865 billion kWh  
 
                                                
16 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year (October – September) rather than calendar year amounts.  
17 Energy Information Adm inistration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Selected Years, 1949 -2011, Net Generation, 
p. 221.  
18 Energy Information Administration, 2011 Annual Energy Review, September, 2012, Table 8.1 Electricity Overview, Sel ected Years, 1949 -2011, End Use, 
p. 221.  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 23 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2009  
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading Enterprises  National Production19 Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption20 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  1.0 billion kWh  3,953 billion kWh  6.0 billion kWh  3,741 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716 29.24 million kWh  3,953 billion kWh  6.8 billion kWh  3,741 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  10,460 million kWh  3,953 billion kWh  36.1 billion kWh  3,741 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  6.8 billion kWh*  3,953 billion kWh 76.0 billion kWh**  3,741 billion kWh  
 
 
                                                
19 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly - Total Electric Power Industry Summary Statistics, Year to Date 2009 and 2008, January through 
December", Table ES1.b. (Net Generation, All Energy Source s 2009), and Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review March 2010", Table 7.1 
(Electricity Overview).  
20 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review April 2010", Table 7.1 (Electricity Overview).   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 24 - TABLE I  
STATE TRADING: STRAT EGIC PETROLEUM RESER VE 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2008  
Description of Product 
Including HS  Number  Total Quantity 
Imported *  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average  Import 
Price **  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price ***  Mark-up National Production 
**** 
Crude Oil - HS 2709  3,580,404  
(1,000 Barrels)  0 $90.32  $94.04  
(Per Barrel)  N/A 1,829,985  
(1,000 Barrels)  
 
* Source: 2012 U.S. Annual Imports of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=mcrimus1&f=a .  
** Source: EIA F.O.B. Costs of Imported Crude Oil by Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_imc1_k_a.htm .  
*** The actual domestic average price represents the average price at the lease (or wellhead) at which domestic crude oil is purc hased. Source: EIA Domestic 
Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_K_A.htm .  
**** Source: EIA U.S. Annual Field Production of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a . 
  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 25 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2009  
Description of Product 
Including HS  Number  Total Quantity 
Imported *  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price **  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price ***  Mark-up National Production 
**** 
Crude Oil - HS 2709  3,289,675  
(1,000 Barrels)  0 $57.78  $56.35  
(Per Barrel)  N/A 1,953,858  
(1,000 Barrels)  
 
* Source: 2012 U.S. Annual Imports of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=mcrimus1&f=a .  
** Source: EIA F.O.B. Costs of Imported  Crude Oil by Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_imc1_k_a.htm .  
*** The actual domestic average price represents the average price at the lease (or wellhead) at which domestic crude oil is purchased. Source: EIA Domestic 
Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_K_A.htm .  
**** Source: EIA U.S. Annual Field Production of Crude Oil , https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a .   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 26 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING: STRAT EGIC PETROLEUM RESER VE 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2008  
Description of 
Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Exported *  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price **  Average Export 
Price ***  National Production 
**** 
Crude Oil - HS 2709 10,464  
(1,000 Barrels)  0 N/A $94.04  
(Per Barrel)  $94.04  
(Per Barrel)  1,829,985  
(1,000 Barrels)  
 
* Source: U.S. Exports of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_move_exp_dc_NUS -Z00_mbbl_a.htm .  
** The actual domestic average price represents the average price at the lease (or wellhead) at which domestic crude oil is purc hased. Source: EIA Domestic 
Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by  Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_k_A.htm .  
*** Source: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_K_A.htm .  
**** Source: EIA U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a .   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 27 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2009  
Description of 
Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Exported *  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price **  Average Export 
Price ***  National Production 
**** 
Crude Oil - HS 2709  15,985  
(1,000 Barrels)  0 N/A $56.35  
(Per Barrel)  $56.35  
(Per Barrel)  1,953,858  
(1,000 Barrels)  
 
* Source: U.S. Exports of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_move_exp_dc_NUS -Z00_mbbl_a.htm . 
** The actual domestic average price represents the average price at the lease (or wellhead) at which domestic crude oil is purc hased. Source: EIA Domestic 
Crude Oil First Purchase Prices by Area, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_k_A.htm . 
*** Source: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_DFP1_K_A.htm . 
**** Source: EIA U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a .  
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 28 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING: STRAT EGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2008  
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases By  
State Trading Enterprises  National Production *  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption **  
Crude Oil - HS 2709 0 1,829,985 (1,000 Barrels)  0 19,498  
(1,000 Barrels/Day Avg)  
* Source: EIA  U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a .  
** Source: EIA  U.S. Product Supplied of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products, 
https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mttupus2&f=a . 
   
  G/STR/N/13/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 29 - STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2009  
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases By  
State Trading Enterprises  National Production *  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption **  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  4,471 (1,000 Barrels)  1,953,858 (1,000 Barrels)  0 18,771  
(1,000 Barrels/Day 
Average)  
 
* Source: EIA  U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mcrfpus1&f=a . 
** Source: EIA  U.S. Product Supplied of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=pet&s=mttupus2&f=a . 
 
__________