DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  
  DUS 249 -2 
Second Edition  
2013 -01-dd 
 
 
 Reference number  
DUS 249 -2: 2013 
© UNBS 2013   
   
Engine Oil s- Performance Classification - Part 2 -: Specification 
for Spark Ignition (petrol)  engine s  
 DUS 249 -2: 2013  
ii © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary pr ovisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2013   
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
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permission from UNBS.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to  
The Executive Director  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
P.O. Box 6329  
Kampala  
Uganda  
Tel: 256 41 4 505 99 5 
Fax: 256 41 4 286 123  
E-mail: unbs@infocom.co.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  DUS 249 -2:2013  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  7 
2 Conformance  ................................ ................................ ............................. Error! Boo kmark not defined.  
3 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  7 
4 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  7 
5 Symbols (and abbreviated terms)  ................................ ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.  
6 Clause  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
6.1 Subclause (level  1) ................................ ................................ .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
6.1.1 Subclause (level  2) ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  25 
6.1.2 Subclause (level  2) ................................ ................................ .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
6.2 Subclause (level  1) ................................ ................................ .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
7 Clause  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
8 Special  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Annex  A (normative)  Annex title  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  25 
A.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......Error! Bookmark not defined.  
A.2 Clause  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... Error! B ookmark not defined.  
A.2.1  Subclause (level  1) ................................ ................................ .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
A.2.2  Subclause (level  1) ................................ ................................ .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
A.3 Clause  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Annex  B (informative)  Which styles correspond to which element  — Quick reference guide Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.  
 DUS 249 -2: 2013  
iv © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Tourism, Trade and 
Industry established under Cap 327 , of the Laws of Uganda.  UNBS is mandate d to co -ordinate the 
elaboration of standards and is   
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT/SPS Agreemen ts of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of representatives of 
consum ers, traders, academicians, manufacturers, government and other stakeholders.  
 
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before re commending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
 
This standard is a revision of US 249:2000/EAS 159 and replaces that document in whole.  
Committee membership  DUS 249 -2:2013  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  v 
 Introduction  
Due to the techno logical advances  that have occurred since the publishment of US 249:2000/ EAS 159, it has 
become necessary to keep abreast with such changes , hence the revision of this standard.  
It has become necessary to sub -divide th is standard into four  parts .   
US 2 49-1:2013 informs about the current engine oil categories per classification.  
US 249 -2:2013 specifies requirements for engine oil as used in gasoline engines and  
US 249 -3: 2013  specifies requirements for engine oil as used in diesel engines.  
US 249 - 4: 20 13 specifies requirements for engine oil as used gasoline engines for four –stroke - cycle 
motorcycles and associated drive  trains   
In addition to the above US series, US ISO 13738 specifies requirements for two - stroke cycle gasoline engine 
oils (Categorie s EGB, EGC & EGC) engines.  
 
  DUS  249-2: 2013  
vii  
 Engine Oil s- Performance Classification - Part 2: Specification 
for Spark Ignition  (petrol)  engine s  
1 Scope  
This Draft Uganda  Standard specifies  quality and  performance requirements for  engine oil for spark  ignition  
(petrol) engines   of passenger cars, light duty trucks and  vans,  meeting or exceeding API service category SJ, 
ILSAC category GF -5 or equivalent ACEA performance c ategories. . 
It does not cover engine oil for   compression ignition (diesel) engines, aviation equipmen t, generator s, 
outboard mo tors, lawn mowers, railroad  locomotives or ocean going vessels.  
Note:  Engine oil specifications for diesel engines and motorcycles are specified in other standards.  
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents are in dispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies.  
 
US 249 -1 Engine  Oil- Performance Classificati on- Part 1 - General  
US 249 -3 Engine Oil - Performance Classification - Part 3 - Specification for Compression Ignition Engines  
US 249 -4  Engine Oil - Performance Classification - Part 4: Specification for internal combustion engine oils 
used in four –stroke - cycle motorcycle gasoline engines and associated drive trains  
US ISO 13738 Lubricants, industrial Oils and related products (Class L) - Classification - Part 15: Family E 
(Internal Combustion engine Oils) - Specification for two - stroke -cycle gasoline engine o ils (Categories EGB, 
EGC & EGC)  
ASTM D6922  Standard test method for the determination of homogeneity and miscibility in automotive engine 
oils. 
ASTM D5293  Standard test method for apparent viscosity of engine oils between -5 and -35°C using the cold -
cranki ng simulator.  
ASTM D4684  Standard test method for determination of yield stress and apparent viscosity of engine oils at 
low temperature.  
ASTM D445   Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids (the calculation 
of dynamic viscosity  
ASTM D4683  Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity of New and Used Engine Oils at High Shear 
Rate and High Temperature by Tapered Bearing Simulator Viscometer at 150 °C  
ASTM D2270  Standard practice for calculating viscosity index from kinema tic viscosity at 40 and 100 °C.  
ASTM D97  Standard test method for pour point of petroleum products  
ASTM D92  Standard test method for flash and fire points by Cleveland open cup tester.   
viii © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 ASTM D6335  Standard test method for determination of high temperature d eposits by thermooxidation engine 
oil simulation test.  
ASTM D5133  Standard test method for low temperature, low shear rate, viscosity/temperature dependence of 
lubricating oils using a temperature -scanning technique  
ASTM D6417  Standard Test Method for Esti mation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas Chromatography  
 
ASTM D5800  Standard test method for evaporation loss of lubricating oils by the Noack method.  
ASTM D4951  Standard test method for determination of additive elements in lubricating oils by ind uctively 
coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.  
ASTM D5185   Standard test method for determination of additive elements, wear metals, and contaminants in 
used lubricating oils and determination of selected elements in base oils by inductively coupled  plasma atomic 
emission spectrometry (ICP -AEC).  
ASTM D6795  Standard Test Method for Measuring the Effect on Filterability of Engine Oils After Treatment 
with Water and Dry Ice and a Short (30 min) Heating Time  
ASTM D6794  Standard test method for measuring the effect on filterability of engine oils after treatment with 
various amounts of water and a long (6 -h) heating time.  
ASTM D892  Standard test method for foaming characteristics of lubricating oils  
ASTM D6278  Standard Test Method for Shear Stability of Po lymer Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel 
Injector Apparatus  
ASTM D4683  Standard test method for measuring viscosity at high shear rate and high temperature by 
tapered bearing simulator  
ASTM D2896  Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Pro ducts by Potentiometric Perchloric 
Acid Titration  
ASTM D874  Standard Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives  
ASTM D892  Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils  
ASTM D6082  Standard test method for high te mperature foaming characteristics of lubricating oils.  
ASTM D5844  Test method for evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (sequence IID)  
ASTM D6557  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Rust Preventive Characteristics of Automotive Engine 
Oils 
ASTM D5533  Test method for the evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the sequence IIIE, Sperk - Ignition 
Engine  
ASTM D6984  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIF, Spark -
Ignition Engine  
ASTM D7320  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark -
Ignition Engine  
ASTM D5302  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit 
Formation and Wear in a Spark -Ignition Internal Combu stion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated 
Under Low -Temperature, Light -Duty Conditions   
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  ix 
 ASTM D6891  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IVA Spark -
Ignition Engine  
ASTM D6593  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of  Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit 
Formation in a Spark -Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low -
Temperature, Light -Duty Conditions  
ASTM D5119 -00 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine  Oils in the CRC L -38 Spark -
Ignition Engine  
ASTM D6709  Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark -
Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)  
ASTM D4683 Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity of New and Used En gine Oils at High Shear 
Rate and High Temperature by Tapered Bearing Simulator Viscometer at 150 °C  
ASTM D6984  Test method  for evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the sequence IIIF, Spark -Ignition 
Engine  
ASTM D4951  Standard Test Method for Determinat ion of Additive Elements in Lubricating Oils by Inductively 
Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry  
ASTM D7097  Standard Test Method for Determination of Moderately High Temperature Piston Deposits by 
Thermo -Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test -TEOST MH T 
ASTM D7589  Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy 
of Passenger Cars and Light -Duty Trucks in Sequence VID Spark Ignition Engine  
 
3 Terms,  definitions  and abbreviations  
3.1 Terms and Definitions  
For the p urposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions , in addition to those in US 249 -1,  shall 
apply . 
3.1.1 
energy conserving category  
the group  of engine oils that have demonstrated fuel economy benefits and are intended primarily for use in 
automotive gasoline engine applications, such as passenger cars, light - duty trucks and vans.  
3.1.2  
Resource conserving category  
the group  of engine oils that have demonstrated fuel economy benefits, emission system and turbo charger 
protection and compatibil ity with ethanol containing  fuel up to  E85 and are intended primarily for use  in spark 
ignition engines  such as passenger cars, light - duty trucks and vans . 
3.2 Abbreviations  
For the purposes of this standard, the following abbreviations  in addition to th ose listed in US 246 - 1 shall 
apply:  
3.2.1  
EELQMS  
European Engine Lubricants Quality Management System.   
x © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 3.2.2  
EOLCS  
Engine Oil Licensing  and Certification S ystem  
3.2.9  
SAE 
Society of Automotive Engineers  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General Requirements  
4.1.1 Lubricants labelled or used as spark ignition engine oils shall have a performance not lower than that  
defined by  API SJ  . They may also meet requirements for  ILSAC GF -5,   ACEA A1 or ACEA C1  
API Categories SL, SM, SN , and/ or ACEA A3, A4, A5, C2, C3 and C4  which exceed  the performance  
requirements of SJ, also meet the requirements of this standard.  
4.1.2 The engine oil shall consist of acceptable petroleum products , or of acceptable  synthetically prepared 
products, or of a combination of these two types of p roduct s. The product  shall be compounded with such 
functional additives, for example, detergents, dispersants, oxidation  inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors as are 
necessary to enable it to comply with the other  requirements of this standard.  
4.1.3 Stabili ty 
When tested in accordance to ASTM D 6922, the oil shall remain clear and homogeneous and shall show no 
evidence of separation of components and no evidence of colour change.  
4.1.4 Compatibility  
When tested in accordance to ASTM D 6922, the oil shall be compatible with other oils of the same viscosity 
grade that comply with the requirements of this standard.  
4.1.5 Licenses  
The engines oils shall possess appropriate API licenses as stipulated in section 4.1.5.1 . They may also 
possess ACEA licenses as indic ated in section 4.1.5.1  or ILSAC licenses as in 4.1.5.3.  
4.1.5.1  API Categories  
All products l icensed under  API shall be listed in API EOLCS licensee directory  (www.api.org)  and shall bear 
appropriate labeling as described in 5.2.  
4.1.5.2  ACEA Categories  
All products licensed under ACEA shall be justified with a signed EELQMS oil marketers‟ Letter of 
Conformance.  
Note:  check www.atiel.o rg for details  
4.1.5.3  ILSAC Categor y 
All products licensed under  ILSAC category shall be listed in the API  EOLCS  licensee  directory and shall bear 
appropriate labeling as described in 5.2. 
Note:  The Uganda National Bureau of Standards shall be notified of when new products are introduced on the 
market.   
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xi 
 4.2 Grade requirements  
4.2.1 The grade  of the engine oil shall be as agreed upon by supplier and purchaser and shall be one of 
those  given in table 1, or a m ultigrade that is a combination of any one of the winter grades and any one  of the 
normal grades given in table 1, for example, 15W -40. 
4.2.2 Except in the case of a multigrade engine oil, the values of the relevant properties listed in  column 1  
of table 1 shall comply with the appropriate values given in column 2 to column 9 of  table 1. In the case of a 
multigrade oil, the values of these properties shall be as follows:  
a) low temperature dynamic cranking viscosity (apparent viscosity): that does not exceed the  maximum 
specified for the appropriate winter grade;  
b) low temperature dynamic pumping viscosity (borderline pumping temperature): that d oes not exceed 
the maximum specified for the appropriate winter grade;  
c) kinematic viscosity at 100 °C: in the range specified for the appropriate normal grade;  
d) high temperature high shear viscosity: as given in table 1;  
e) viscosity index: maximum value not li mited;  
f) pour point: that does not exceed the maximum specified for the appropriate winter grade;  DUS  249-2: 2013  
xii  
 Table 1- Grade requirements (in accordance with SAE J3OO)  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 
Grade  10W 15W 20W 25W 20 30 40 50 Test method  
Property  Requirements  
Low temp erature  
dynamic cranking  
viscosity mPa.s, max.  7 000 at -25 °C  7 000 at -20 °C  9 500 at -15 
°C 13 000 at -10°C  - - - - ASTM D5293/  
IP 383  
Low temperature  
dynamic cranking  
viscosity mPa.s, max.  60 000 at -30 
°C 60 000 at -25 °C  60 000 at -20 
°C 60 000 at -15°C      ASTM D4684  
Kinematic viscosity at  
100 °C, mm 2/s 
Min 
Max.   
 
4.1 
  
 
5.6  
 
5.6  
 
9.3  
 
5.6 
<9.3  
 
9.3 
<12.5   
 
12.5 
<16.3   
16.3 
<21.9  ASTM D445/  
IP 71Section 1  
High temperature high  
shear (HTHS) viscosity at  
150 °C, 10 6mPa·s, min.   
2.9 for 10W -
40a  
3.7 for 5W -40a  
3.7 for 10W -
40a  
3.7 for 25W -40a  
2.6  
2.9  
3.7 3.7 CEC L -36/ ASTM  
D4683  
Viscosity index, min.  95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 ASTM D2270  
Pour point, °C , max.  -30 -21 -21 -18 -21 -18 -9 -9 ASTM D97  
Flash point, °C, min.  204 210 213 213 213 218 224 232 ASTM D92  
aThis requirement is applicable for the grades shown only.  
 
 DUS  249-2: 2013  
xiii  
 4.3 Performance Requirements  in the Laboratory  tests  
Engine oils shall conform to API performance category SJ laboratory test s as indicated in table 2. They may 
also conform t o laboratory test requirements in tables  for ACEA A1, ACEA C1 or ILSAC GF -5 as indicated in 
tables  3, 4 or A.1  respectively.  
4.3.1 API Category  SJ. 
All engine oils labelled as API - SJ shall conform to laboratory requirements as indicated in table  2. 
Table 2: Performance  requirements of  Class SJ of  engine oil s in laboratory (bench) tests. 
Property  Viscosity Grade Performance Criteria  Test Method  
SAE 0W - 20, SAE 5W - 20, 
SAE 5W -30, SAE 10W - 30 All Others  
Total deposit, mg, max  60 60 ASTM D 6335 (TEOST)  
Gelation index, max  12 NR ASTM D 5133  
Volatility as evaporative loss  
after 1h  at 371 °C, % max  17 15A ASTM D 6417  
Evaporative mass loss after 
1h at 250 °C, % max  22 20A ASTM D 5800,  
Flash point, °C, min  200 NR ASTM D 92  
Phosphorus, mass fraction, 
%max  0.1 NR ASTM D 4951, ASTM D 
5185  
Filterability % Flow 
reduction, max  50 50A ASTM D 6795 (EOFT)  
Filterability, % flow 
reduction, max  Report  Report  ASTM D 6794 (EOWTT)  
Foaming tendency (option A)  ASTM D892  
Sequence I, max, foaming/ 
settlingB 10/0 10/0 
Sequence II, max, foaming/ 
settlingB 50/0 50/0 
Sequence III, max, foaming/ 
settlingB 10/0 10/0 
A Passing volatility loss only required for SAE 15W - 40 Oils  
B Determine settling volume, in Ml, at 10min  
 NR Stands for Not Required.  
 
4.3.2 ACEA C ategories  
4.3.2.1   A1 
All engine oils licensed as ACEA  A1 in addition to meeting the requirements stipulated is 4.3.1 above, shall 
conform to the laboratory requirements as indicated in table3  
 
  
xiv © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
  
 
 
 Table 3: Performance requirements of ACEA A1 engine oils in laborat ory (bench) tests.  
1  2 3 4 5 6 
Requirement  Properties and unit  Limits  Test methods  
SAE Grade  
  xW- 20 xW- 30 xW- 40   
Shear stability, ,  100°C viscosity after 
30 cycles, mm2/s ≥ 5.6 ≥ 9.3 ≥ 12.0  ASTM D 6278  
Viscosity at high 
temperature and 
high shear rate,  viscosity at 150 °C 
and 106 s-1 shear 
rate, mPa.s  ≥2.9 2.9-3.5 2.9-3.5  ASTM D4683  
Evaporative loss  Max. Weight loss 
after 1h at 250 °C,% ≤13 13 13  ASTM D5800  
TBN mgKOH/g  ≥8.0 ≥ 8.0 ≥8.0  ASTM D 2896  
Sulphated Ash  % m/m  ≤1.3 ≤1.3 ≤1.3  ASTM D 874  
Foaming 
tendency  Tendency - stability, 
ml Sequence I  (24°C)  10 - nil 
Seguence II (94 °C)  50 - nil 
Sequencwe III (24 °C)  10 - nil ASTM D 892 
without option 
A. 
High 
temperature 
foam ing 
tendency  Tendency – stability, 
ml Sequence IV (150 °c) 100 - nil ASTM D 6082 
High 
temperature 
foam test.  
Note:  
Viscosity grades shall be as specified in table 1 or latest issue of SAE J300 . No restriction shall be imposed except as defined by shear 
stability and H igh Temperature / High Shear requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific viscosity requirements related to ambient 
temperature.  
 
4.3.2.2 C1 
All engine oils licensed as ACEA C1 in addition to meeting requirements stipulated is 4.3.1 above,  shall 
conform to the laboratory requirements as indicated in table  4. 
Table 4: Performance requirements of ACEA C1 engine oils in laboratory (bench) tests.  
Requirement  Properties and unit  Limits  Test methods  
Viscosity grades  As indicated in table 
1 or l atest active 
issue of SAE J300  No restrictions except 
as defined by shear 
stability  and HT/ HS 
requirements   
Viscosity at high 
temperature and high 
shear rate,  viscosity at 150°C 
and 106 s -1 shear 
rate, mPa.s  ≥ 2.9  ASTM D4683  
Evaporative loss  Max. Weight loss 
after 1h at 250°C,%  ≤ 13 ASTM D5800   
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xv 
 Sulphur  % m/m  ≤ 0.2  ASTM D5185  
Phosphorus  % m/m  ≤ 0.05   
Sulphated Ash  % m/m  ≤ 0.5  ASTM D 874  
Foaming tendency  Tendency - stability, 
ml Sequence I (24°C) 10 - 
nil 
Sequence II (94°C) 50 - 
nil 
Sequence III (24°C) 10 -
nil ASTM D 892 
without option A.  
High temperature 
foaming tendency  Tendency  – stability, 
ml Sequence IV (150°C) 
100- nil  ASTM D 6082 High 
temperature foam 
test. 
4.3.3 ILSAC GF -5 
All engine oils licensed as  ILSAC GF -5 in addition to meeting requirements stipulated is 4.3.1 above, shall 
conform to the laboratory requirements as indicated in table A.1.  
4.4 Requirements  for engine test performance  
4.4.1 API SJ  
The engine  oil shall comply with engine performance  requirements as specified in table 5 and shall be 
indicated in an attached certificate  of conformance  from an accredited testing laboratory . It shall be listed in 
API EOLCS directory  as required under section 4.1.5.1 
Table 5: Engine Test requirements for Engine Oil Category SJ  
Engine test method  Rated or measured parameter  Primary performance criteria  
ASTM D5844A,B (Sequence IID)  Average engine rust rating,C min 8.5 
Number stuck lifters  None  
or ASTM D6557A (Ball Rust Test)  Average gray value, min  100 
ASTM D5533B,D (Sequence IIIE)  Hours to 375 % kinematic viscosity 
increase at 40 °C, min  64 
Average engine sludge rating,C min 9.2 
Average piston skirt varnish rating,C 
min 8.9 
Average oil ring land deposit rating,C 
min 3.5 
Lifter sticking  none  
Scuffing and wear  
Cam or lifter scuffing  none  
Cam plus lifter wear, μm   
 Average, max  30 
Maximum, max  64 
Ring sticking (oil -related)E None  
or ASTM D6984 (Sequence IIIF)D Kinematic viscosity, % increase at 40 
°C, max  325F 
Average piston skirt varnish rating,C 
min 8.5G  
xvi © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Weighted piston depos it rating,H min 3.2G 
Screened average cam -plus–lifter 
wear, μm, max  20G,I 
Hot stuck rings  noneG 
or ASTM D7320 (Sequence IIIG)J Kinematic viscosity, % increase at 40 
°C, max  150 
Weighted piston deposit rating,K min 3.5 
 
Cam -plus-lifter wear avg, μ m, max  60 
Hot stuck rings  none  
ASTM D5302B,L (Sequence VE)  Average engine sludge rating,C min 9.0 
Rocker arm cover sludge rating,C min 7.0 
Average piston skirt varnish rating,C 
min 5.0 
Oil ring clogging, %  report  
Oil screen clogging, %, max  20.0 
Compression ring sticking (hot stuck)  none  
Cam wear μm  
 Average, max  127 
Maximum, max  380 
or ASTM D6891 (Sequence IVA)L Average cam wear, μmM 120 
plus, ASTM D6593L  (Sequence VG)  Average engine sludge rating,C min  
 7.8 
Rocker arm cover sludge rating,C min 8.0 
Average piston skirt varnis h rating,C 
min 7.5 
Average engine varnish rating,N min 8.9 
Oil screen clogging, %, max  20 
Hot stuck compression rings  none  
ASTM D5119O (L-38) Bearing weight loss, mg, max  40 
Shear stability  p 
or ASTM D6709O (Sequence VIII)  Bearing weight loss, mg , max  26.4 
Shear stability  p 
A Demonstrate passing performance in either Test Method D5844 or D6557.  
B Monitoring of this test method was discontinued in June 20, 2001. Valid test results shall predate the end of the last calibr ation period 
for the tes t stand in which this test  method was conducted.  
C ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20, available from ASTM Customer Relations, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 
Conshohocken, PA 19428 -2959.  
D Demonstrate passing performance in either Test Method D 5533 or D6984. However, an oil passing Test Method D6984 and containing 
less than 0.08 % mass  phosphorus in the form of ZDDP shall also pass the wear limits in Test Method D5302 (see also footnote J ).  
E An oil -related stuck ring occurs on a piston with an  individual oil ring land deposit rating <2.6.  
F Determine at 60 h.  
G Determine at 80 h.  
H Determine weighted piston deposits by rating the following piston areas and applying the corresponding weightings: undercrown , 10 %; 
second land, 15 %; third land,  30 %; piston skirt, 10 %; first groove, 5 %; second groove, 10 %; and third groove, 20 %. Use ASTM  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xvii 
 Deposit Rating Manual 20 for all ratings.  
I Calculate by eliminating the highest and lowest cam -plus-lifter wear results and then calculating an average based  on the remaining ten 
rating positions.  
J For oils containing at least 0.06 % mass phosphorus in the form of ZDDP, demonstrating passing performance in the Sequence II IG test 
obviates the need to also conduct  Test Method D5302 (Sequence VE), which was prev iously required for oils with less than 0.08 % mass 
phosphorus.  
K Unlike the Sequence IIIF test, piston skirt varnish rating is not required in the Sequence IIIG test.  
L Demonstrate passing performance in Test Method D5302, or alternatively, in both Test M ethod D6891 and Test Method D6593.  
M Determine cam wear according to Test Method D6891. Seven wear measurements are made on each cam lobe and the seven 
measured values are added to obtain  an individual cam lobe wear result. The overall cam wear value is th e average of the twelve 
individual cam lobe wear results  
 N Determine the average engine varnish rating by averaging the piston skirt, right rocker arm cover, and left rocker arm cover varnish 
ratings. Use ASTM Deposit Rating  Manual 20 for all ratings.  
O Demonstrate passing performance in either Test Method D5119 or D6709.  
P Ten-hour stripped kinematic viscosity (oil shall remain in original viscosity grade). dividual cam lobe wear results.  
 
4.4.2 ACEA A1  and C1  
The engine oil making claims to ACEA A1 or C 1. shall comply with engine performance requirements as 
specified in table 6 and shall be indicated in a certificate of conformance  from an accredited  testing laboratory. 
It shall meet requirements as stipulated in section 4 .1.5.2.  
Table 6: Engine Test req uirements for Engine Oil Categories  A1 and C1  
Requirement  Test method  Properties  Limits  
High temperature  
deposits  
Ring sticking  
Oil thickening ,  CEC L -088-02  
(TU5JP -L4)  
72 Hour test  Ring sticking (each part) , 
merit , min  9.0  
 
Piston varnish  
(5 elements, average of 4 
pistons) ,merit , min  RL 216  
 
Absolute viscosity increase 
at 40oC between min and 
max values during test, 
mm2/s, max  0.8 x RL216  
 
Oil consumption,  kg/test  Report  
Low temperature  
sludge A ASTM D6593 -00  
(Sequence VG)  
Under  protocol & 
requirements for API  
 Average engine sludge, 
merit , min   
  7.8 
Rocker cover sludge, merit , 
min  
 8.0 
Average Piston skirt varnish 
, merit , min  
 7.5 
Average engine varnish, 
merit , min  
 8.9 
Comp. ring (hot stuck)  
 none  
Oil screen  clogging, % , max  20 
Valve train  CEC L -038-94  Cam wear, average, µm , 
max 10  
xviii © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 scuffing wear  (TU3M)  Cam wear, max, µm , max  15 
Pad merit (Ave. of 8 pads), 
merit , min  7.5 
Black sludge B 
  
CEC L -038-94  
(TU3M)  Engine sludge, average, 
merit , min  
 RL 1 40 + 4σ  
 
Fuel economy  C CEC L -054-96  
(M111)  Fuel economy improvement 
vs.  
Reference oil RL191 (15W -
40), % , min  2.5/ 3.0G 
Medium  temperature  
dispersivity  CEC L -106 (DV 4TD)   
To be replaced with DV6C  Absolute viscosity increase 
at  
100oC and 6 % soot mm2/s, 
max 
 0.60 x RL223 result  
 
Piston merit, merit , min   (RL223 –2,5pts )  
 
Oil Dispersion at Medium 
Temperature for Passenger 
Car Direct Injection Diesel 
Engines D  
 CEC L -106 (DV6C)  
 Absolute viscosity increase 
at  
100oC and 6 % soot, mm2/s 
 Limit s to be defined  
Piston merit, merit  
Wear  E CEC L –099-08  
(OM646LA)  Cam wear outlet (avg. max. 
wear 8 cams), µm , max  
  120 
Cam wear inlet (avg. max. 
wear 8 c.) µm , max  
 
 100 
Cylinder wear (avg. 4 cyl.) 
µm, max  5.0 
Bore polishing (13 mm) - 
max. value of 4 cylinders % , 
max 3.0 
Tappet wear inlet (avg. max. 
wear 8 cams) µm  Report  
Tappet wear outlet (avg. 
max. wear 8cams) µm  Report  
Piston cleanliness (avg. 4 
pistons), merits  Report  
Engine sludge avg, merits.  Report  
DI diesel Piston cleanliness 
& Ring sticking F  
 CEC L -078-99 (VW TDI)  
 Piston cleanliness, merit , 
min 
  RL206  
Ring sticking (Rings 1 & 2   
 Average of all 1.0  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xix 
 8 rings, ASF , 
max  
Max. for any 
1st ring, ASF , 
max 1.0  
Max. for any 
2nd ring, ASF , 
max 0.0 
EOT T BN (ISO 3771)  
mgKOH/g , min  4.0 
EOT TAN (ASTM D 664  
mgKOH/g  Report  
A The limits shown are based on those applied in U.S. market requirements. ACEA will continuously review the situation to ensur e that 
these limits are appropriate for European vehicles  and lubricants.  
B Until a new CEC Test Method is developed, the gasoline sludge protection performance of engine oil formulations must be prove d by 
the M 271 sludge test procedure as described by Daimler AG. Test results obtained by the M 271 procedure wi ll be accepted under the 
condition that they come from test rigs being referenced and quality controlled by Daimler AG. Limits are based on the same r eference oil 
as with the old M111 sludge test.  
C ACEA considers the CEC L -54-T-96 test the only valid comp arator against which claims of lubricant fuel economy improvement should 
be made.  
D May be performed as soon as it becomes available as an alternative to the DV4 test. ACEA will decide when the DV4 test will b e finally 
deleted from this specification. CEC -L-093-04 (DV4 Test) test results obtained in accordance with the ATIEL guidelines may be used by a 
grandfathering process also after this test has become unavailable to run and is replaced by the CEC -L-106 (DV6 Test) procedure.  
E. Not all parameters are ye t official CEC parameters. C2 limit for inlet cam wear under definition.  
F. Test report has to give measured values before & after the test, all measurements to be taken in the same lab. Note: TAN is  considered 
to become performance criteria in the future.  Not all parameters are yet official CEC parameters.  
G. Limit as applied to C1.  
 
4.4.3 ILSAC GF - 5 
All engine oils making claims of meeting ILSAC GF -5 shall conform to engine test requirements as stipulated 
in table A.1 (see Annex A). These shall be indic ated in a certificate of conformance from an accredited testing 
laboratory and shall meet requirements as stipulated in section 4.1.5.3.  
5  Pack aging and Labelling  
5.1 Packaging  
The condition of the drums or smaller containers and the bulk tankers into w hich the engine oil is filled shall 
have  no detrimental effect on the quality of the  engine  oil during normal transportation and storage. Only 
containers of the same size filled with oil of the same batch identification shall be packed together in a carton . 
Prior to use, c ontainers  shall be firmly secured  with  an aluminium  tamper -proof seal.  
5.2 Labelling   
5.2.1 The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each container and each 
carton (if used):  
a) product name  for single perf ormance engine oil  „ Petrol Engine Oil‟  
b)  or the product name for multiple performance level engine oil „ diesel/ petrol engine oil‟  
c) the manufacturer's identification and/or distributor‟s name;  
d) API and ACEA service classification  or  ILSAC classification  if appropriate .  
xx © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 e) SAE viscosity grade;  
f) Relevant quality  and certification  marks ; see section 6.2.3   
g) batch identification;  
h) quantity.  
i) origin of the product/Made in.  
j) Expiry date  in the form "dd/mm/yyyy"  
5.2.3 Quality and Certification Marks  
5.2.3.1  API Servic e Symbol ‘ donut ’ 
5.2.3.1.1  Single Performance Level  
The mark shall be divided into three sections  as sh own in figure 1.  
 The oil‟s performance level in the top half  
 The centre indicating oil‟s viscosity  (SAE oil Viscosity)  
 bottom level to indicate energy c onserving  or resource conserving  properties  if present . 
 
Figure 1 - API symbol for engine oil  of single performance level  
5.2.3.1.2  Multiple Performance levels  
Oils designed for compression ignition ( diesel ) engine s might also meet requirements for spark ignition 
(gasoline ) engine s .. For these oils the designation is “C” category first followed by the “S” category. “C” 
category oils have been  formulated primaril y for diesel engines and may not provide all of the performance 
requirements consistent with vehicle manufacturers‟ recommendations for gasoline -fueled engines.  
Note:  Engine  Oils for compression ignition (diesel) engines  shall meet require ments as stipula ted in US 249 -3.  
Note: appropriate figure for multi performance level engine oil is as shown in clause 5.2.3.1.3 of US 249 -3.  
5.2.3.2  API Certification Mark, ‘Starburst’  
An oil displaying this mark shall meet  the current engine protection standard and fu el economy requirements 
of the International Lubricant Standardizati on and Approval Committee ( ILSAC)   
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xxi 
 
 
Figure 2  – API Certification mark   
xxii © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Annex A  
(normative )  
 
Performance Requirements for GF -5 in Laboratory and  Engine Tests  
 
A.1 Performance requirements for GF -5 in Laboratory tests  
All engine oils making claims to ILSAC GF -5 shall conform to the laboratory requirements as indicated in table  
A.1. 
Table A.1: table showing performance requirements for GF -5 engine Oil in Laboratory tests  
Requirement  Criterio n Test method  
Catalyst Compatibility  
Phosphorus content, % (mass)  
 
Phosphorus volatility (Sequence  
IIIGB, phosphorus retention)  
 
Sulphur content  
SAE 0W and 5W multigrades, 
% (mass)  
SAE 10W -30, % (mass)   
0.08 (max)  
 
79% (min)  
 
 
0.5 (max)  
 
0.6 (max)   
ASTM D4951  
 
ASTM D7320  
 
 
ASTM D4951 or ASTM D 2622  
Wear  
Phosphorus content, % (mass)   
0.06 (min)   
ASTM D4951  
Volatility  
Evaporation loss, %  
 
 
Simulated distillation, %  
  
15 (max), 1 hour at 250°C  
(Note: Calculated conversions specified in 
D5800 ar e allowed. )  
10 (max) at 371°C   
ASTM D5800  
 
 
ASTM D6417  
 
High temperature deposits  
Deposit weight, mg  
  
35 (max)  
 TEOST MHT  
(ASTM D7097 ) 
High temperature deposits  
Total deposit weight, mg   
30 (max)  
Note: No TEOST 33C limit for SAE 
0W-20.  TEOST  33C 
 (ASTM D6335 )  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xxiii 
 Filterability  
EOWTT, %  
with 0.6% H 2O  
with 1.0% H 2O  
with 2.0% H 2O  
with 3.0% H 2O  
  
 
50 (max) flow reduction  
50 (max) flow reduction  
50 (max) flow reduction  
50 (max) flow reduction  
Note: Test formulation with highest 
additive (DI /VI) concentration. Read 
across results to all other base 
oil/viscosity grade formulations using 
same or lower concentration of 
identical additive (DI/VI) combination. 
Each different DI/VI combination must 
be tested.  
 ASTM D6794  
 
EOFT, %  
 50 (max) flow  reduction  
 ASTM D6795  
 
Fresh oil foaming characteristics  
Tendency, mL  
Sequence I  
Sequence II  
Sequence III  
Stability, mL, after 1 -minute settling  
Sequence I  
Sequence II  
Sequence III  
  
 
10 (max)  
50 (max)  
10 (max)  
 
0 (max)  
0 (max)  
0 (max)  
 ASTM D892 (Option A and 
excluding paragraph 11)  
 
Fresh oil high temperature foaming 
characteristics  
Tendency, mL  
Stability, mL, after 1 -minute settling  
Sequence I  
Sequence II  
Sequence III  
  
 
100 (max)  
0 (max)  
0 (max)  
0 (max)  
0 (max)  ASTM D6082 (Option  A)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
xxiv © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 A.2 Requirements for engine test performance  
Table A.2: table showing requirements for engine test performance for GF-5 engine oil  
Requirement  Criterion  Test method  
Wear and oil thickening  
Kinematic viscosity increase @ 
40°C, %  
Average w eighted piston 
deposits, merits  
Hot stuck rings  
Average cam plus lifter wear, μm   
150 (max)  
 
4.0 (min)  
 
None  
60 (max)  
 ASTM Sequence IIIG (ASTM D7320)  
 
Wear, sludge, and varnish  
  ASTM Sequence VG (ASTM D6593)  
 
Average engine sludge, merits    
Average rocker cover sludge, 
merits  
Average engin e varnish, merits  
Average piston skirt varnish, 
merits  
Oil screen sludge, % area  
Oil screen debris, % area  
Hot-stuck compression rings  
Cold stuck rings  
Oil ring clogging, % area  8.0 (min)  
8.3 (min)  
 
8.9 (min)  
7.5 (min)  
 
15 (max)  
Rate and report  
None  
Rate and report  
Rate and report   
Valvetrain wear  
Average cam wear (7 position 
avg), μm  
 90 (max)  
 ASTM Sequence IVA (ASTM D6891)  
 
Bearing corrosion  
Bearing weight loss, mg  
  
26 (max)  
 ASTM Sequence VIII (ASTM D6709)  
 
Fuel efficiency  
SAE XW -20 viscosity grade  
FEI SUM  
FEI 2  
SAE XW -30 viscosity grade  
FEI SUM  
FEI 2 
SAE 10W -30 and all other 
viscosity grades not listed above  
FEI SUM  
FEI 2   
 
2.6% min  
1.2% min after 100 hours aging  
 
1.9% min  
0.9% min after 100 hours aging  
 
 
1.5% min  
0.6% min after 100 hours aging  
 ASTM Sequence VID (ASTM D7589)  
 
  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xxv 
 Annex  B 
(informative)  
 
Current and Obsolete Categories of Spark Ignition  Application  Engine 
Oils 
B.1 API Categories  
Current and previous API service categories are listed below. For automotive gasoline engine , the latest API 
service category includes performance pr operties of each earlier category and can be used to service older 
engines where earlier category oils are recommended . 
B.1 Table showing current and obsolete API catego ries for Spark Ignition application Engine Oil.  
Category  Status  Service  
SN Current  Introduced in October 2010 for 2011 and older vehicles, designed to provide 
improved high temperature  deposit protection for pistons, more stringent sludge 
control, and seal compatibility. API SN with Resource  Conserving matches ILSAC 
GF-5 by combining API S N performance with improved fuel economy, 
turbocharger  protection, emission control system compatibility, and protection of 
engines operating on ethanol -containing  fuels up to E85.  
SM Current  For 2010 and older automotive engines.  
SL Current  For 2004 and  older automotive engines.  
SJ Current  For 2001 and older automotive engines.  
SH Obsolete   
SG Obsolete   
SF Obsolete   
SE Obsolete  CAUTION: Not suitable for use in gasoline -powered automotive engines built after 
1979.  
SD Obsolete  CAUTION: Not suitable for use in gasoline -powered automotive engines built after 
1971. Use in more modern  
engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.  
SC Obsolete  CAUTION: Not suitable for use in gasoline -powered automotive engines built after 
1967. Use in m ore modern  
engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.  
SB Obsolete  CAUTION: Not suitable for use in gasoline -powered automotive engines built after 
1951. Use in more modern  
engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment har m. 
SA Obsolete  CAUTION: Contains no additives. Not suitable for use in gasoline -powered 
automotive engines built after  
1930. Use in more modern engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or 
equipment harm.  
Note: categories indicated as obsolete do not  meet requirements for this standard  or any other related Uganda standard 
on Engine Oil   
xxvi © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 B.2 ILSAC CATEGORIES  
B.2 Table showing current and obsolete ILSAC Categories of spark Ignition Application Engine Oils  
Category  Status  Service  
GF-5 Current  Introduced in October 2010 for 2011 and 
older vehicles, designed to provide improved 
high temperature  deposit protection for 
pistons and turbochargers, more stringent 
sludge control, improved fuel economy,  
enhanced emission control system 
compatibility, se al compatibility, and 
protection of engines operating on  ethanol -
containing fuels up to E85.  
GF-4 Obsolete  Valid until September 30, 2011. Use GF -5 
where GF -4 is recommended.  
GF-3 Obsolete  Use GF -5 where GF -3 is recommended.  
GF-2 Obsolete  Use GF -5 whe re GF -2 is recommended.  
GF-1 Obsolete  Use GF -5 where GF -1 is recommended.  
 
B.3 ACEA  
B.3 Table Showing  current and Obsolete ACEA categories Spark Ignition application engine oils  
Category  Status  
A1 Current  
A2 Obsolete  
A3 Current  
A4 Current  
A5 Curre nt  
C1 Current  
C2 Current  
C3 Current  
C4 Current  
 
 
 
 
 
  
© UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  xxvii 
 Bibliography  
SAE J300 , Engine oil viscosity classification  
US 249:2000/ EAS 159, Specification for engine oil,  
ASTM D4485 Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category En gine Oils  
ACEA   Europeam Oil Sequences 2012. Service fill oils for Gasoline engines, light duty diesel engines, 
engines with after treatment devces and heavy duty engine oils  
SANS 1516:2005 High performance engine lubricating oil for petrol engines (for  API service category SJ)  
API 1509, Engine oil licensing and certification system.  
 
  
xxviii  © UNBS 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Certification marking  
Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunc tion with the relevant Uganda Standard. The 
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with th e 
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, U ganda 
National Bureau of Standards.  
 
 DUS 249-2: 2013    
 
ICS nn.nnn.nn  
Price based on nn pages  
© UNBS 2013 – All rights reserved