Page 1 of 11  
 
 
RMD-12-06 (For consultation) CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY 
59 Camelot Drive 
Ottawa, Ontario 
K1A 0Y9  
Tel: 613-225-2342    FAX: 613-773-7204  Date 
 September 10, 2012 
Title:  Risk Management Document –  The addition of plant taxa to Canada’s list of plants 
for planting that are not authorized for importation pending com pletion of a pest 
risk analysis  
 
 
 
 
 
Preface 
 
This Risk Management Document (RMD) records the consultation proce ss for the 
identified issue. It is consistent with the principles, termi nology and guidelines 
provided in the IPPC standards which may be found at https://www.ippc.int/ . 
 
 
 
Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 2 of 11 1.0 Purpose 
 
This RMD provides background information on Canada’s import requir ements for plants for 
planting and informs of the proposed addition of 122 plant taxa t o Canada’s list of plants that are 
not authorized for importation pending the completion of a pest  risk analysis.  
 
Information pertaining to current import requirements for speci fic plants or plant products may 
be obtained from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) Autom ated Import Reference 
System (http://inspection.gc.ca/airs).  
 
2.0 Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms 
 
Definitions for terms used in this document can be found in the Pl ant Health Glossary of Terms 
at http://www.inspection.gc.ca/plants/plant-
protection/directives/glossary/eng/1304730588212/1304730789969  or the IPPC Glossary of 
Phytosanitary Terms at www.ippc.int  
 
3.0 Background   
Policy directive D-08-04: Plant Protection Import Requirements for Plants and Plant Par ts for 
Planting  describes Canada’s general import requirements for plants fo r planting from all 
countries to prevent the entry and spread of regulated plant  pests. Under D-08-04, the CFIA has 
established a category of plants that are “Not Authorized Pendi ng Pest Risk Analysis 
(NAPPRA)”. The NAPPRA category is used to allow the CFIA to tak e action in a timely manner 
when new scientific evidence indicates that a plant may be a pathway for the dissemination of a 
pest of quarantine concern to Canada. 
If a plant is on the NAPPRA list, or is added to the NAPPRA list, the n a Pest Risk Analysis 
(PRA) must be conducted before the plant can be imported. This  is to determine if the plant will 
be prohibited or authorized for import with restrictions, if deeme d necessary, to mitigate the risk 
of introducing a pest of quarantine concern. When new pest informati on becomes available for a 
plant taxa that has been previously imported into Canada, the CFIA  may change the 
categorization of the taxa from authorized to either prohibite d or NAPPRA.  
A list of plant material that has already been classified a s NAPPRA can be found in Appendix 2 
of D-08-04. 
In May of 2011, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) notified their intent to 
establish a similar NAPPRA category in their regulations, and on July 26, 2011, the USDA 
published a proposed list of plants for planting from certai n countries that would be added to 
their NAPPRA list as they are deemed by the USDA to be potenti al quarantine pests (weeds), or 
potential hosts of quarantine pests. The proposed United Stat es (U.S.) NAPPRA list includes 
many plant taxa that are important to both Canada’s greenhouse and nursery industries, and to 
Canada’s natural environment, which may lead to a significant  risk of negative impacts if any 
pests of quarantine concern for these taxa were to be introduced in to Canada.  Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 3 of 11 In order to mitigate the risk of negative pest impacts on Canada’s g reenhouse and nursery 
industries and to Canada’s natural environment, the CFIA is taking an  approach that considers 
the pest risk identified in the U.S. NAPPRA data sheets. Canada is pr oposing to add each of the 
taxa outlined in Appendix 2 of this RMD to the Canadian NAPPRA l ist for the origin(s) 
identified. Additional updates may be made in the future. 
4.0 Considerations  
 
Countries with current Canadian trade of plant taxa liste d in Appendix 2 will not be included on 
the NAPPRA list at this time unless a new pest risk is identifi ed that can not be mitigated 
through existing phytosanitary import requirements. Therefore, im porters can continue to import 
the plant taxa from sources that have already been assessed/app roved by the CFIA. 
 
Adding a plant taxa to Canada’s NAPPRA list prevents the import ation of these taxa, which 
directly mitigates the risk of introducing potentially harmfu l pests into Canada’s greenhouse and 
nursery environments.  Importation of plant taxa from new sources ma y be permitted after the 
CFIA has evaluated the phytosanitary risks associated with the  pathway through PRA and 
established phytosanitary import requirements, if necessary , to mitigate the risk.  
 
For taxa imported into Canada from countries that are on the U.S. NAPP RA list, these plant taxa 
will no longer be eligible for export to the U.S. from Canada. Plant s which do not meet U.S. 
import requirements at the time of entry into Canada will not be considered as Canadian origin, 
and can never  be exported or re-exported to the U.S., including their progeny. 
 
5.0  Risk Management Decision  
 
The CFIA will consider stakeholder comments, scientific data, a s well as environmental and 
trade impacts prior to finalizing the updates to Canada’s NA PPRA list.   
 
6.0  Stakeholder Communications  
 
A notification to stakeholders and trading partners with the updated D-08-04 Appendix 2 will be 
distributed via the CFIA ListServe, through a WTO notification proce ss, and will be posted on 
the CFIA’s website following finalization of Canada’s NAPPRA li st.  
 
7.0  References 
 
ISPM No. 5, Glossary of phytosanitary terms, Rome, FAO (updated annua lly) 
ISPM No. 2, Framework for pest risk analysis, 2007, Rome, FAO 
ISPM No. 11, Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including analys is of environmental risks 
and living modified organisms, 2004, Rome, FAO 
D-08-04:Plant Protection Import Requirements for Plant and Plant Part s for Planting: 
Preventing the entry and spread of regulated plant pests associ ated with the plants for 
planting pathway , CFIA 
D-11-01: Phytosanitary Requirements for Plants for Planting and Fre sh Branches to Prevent the 
Entry and Spread of Anoplophora spp ., CFIA Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 4 of 11 U.S. NAPPRA list 
(http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/plant_impo rts/Q37/nappra/index.shtml) 
[July 24, 2012] 
 
8.0  Endorsement  
 
Approved by: 
 
 
_________________________________________ 
Chief Plant Health Officer 
 
Signature of the Chief Plant Health Officer is required only on completion of the pest risk 
management process, to indicate approval of the final decision.  This se ction is included in the 
RMD after stakeholder consultation has occurred and a final decision  is made.  
 Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 5 of 11 APPENDIX 1:  Amendment Record 
 
Amendment 
Number / 
Document 
Version  Amended by:  Date Amended:  Purpose of Amendment  
1 Section, Name   highlights only; refer to amended section 
for clarity if necessary  
2    
3    
 
This amendment record is only necessary in the Consultation forma t.  It should not be included 
in the decision. 
 
 Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 6 of 11 APPENDIX 2:  Proposed Additions to Canadian NAPPRA List  
 
Note: Taxa considered to be “Plants as pests” are included at the bottom of the main list. 
 
Note: Regulated plant parts take into consideration existing plant health directives with import 
requirements (e.g. tissue culture for Phytophthora ramorum  requirements listed within 
Directive D-01-01). 
 
Latin Name NAPPRA from Regulated plant part 
Acacia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Acer  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands, New 
Zealand Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Acrocomia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Actinidia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Aesculus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts in cluding seed 
Albizia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel Propagative plant parts excluding seed 
Alnus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts with roots 
excluding seeds and unrooted cuttings 
Amaranthus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Aralia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Guatemala, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Astrocaryum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Atriplex  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Attalea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Bactris  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Betula  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Brahea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Broussonetia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Butia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Cajanus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Calamus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Malaysia, Singapore Propagative plant parts excluding seeds Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 7 of 11 Camellia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Japan, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Carpinus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Carya  spp. All origins  except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Castanopsis  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Casuarina  spp.  
(= Allocasuarina 
spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Catalpa  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Celastrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Cercis  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Israel, Netherlands, New 
Zealand, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Chaenomeles  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts, decorative 
branches excluding seeds 
Chenopodium  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts, ex cluding seeds 
Cornus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Corylus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Cotoneaster  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Crataegus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Denmark, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Cryptomeria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Cydonia  spp. 
(= Pseudocydonia 
spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts, decorative 
branches excluding seeds 
Datura  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts in cluding seeds Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 8 of 11 Desmoncus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Elaeagnus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Eriobotrya  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Euterpe  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel, Taiwan, Viet Nam Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Fagus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Ficus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
China, Guatemala, Thailand Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Fragaria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Fraxinus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Grevillea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Halogetum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Hedera  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, 
Israel, Mexico Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Hibiscus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
France, Netherlands, Viet Nam Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Ilex  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Denmark, Japan, Mexico, 
Netherlands, Republic of Korea Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Juglans  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Lagerstroemia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Larix  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Lepidium  spp. 
(syn Senebiera spp., 
Coronopus  spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Lindera  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Liquidambar  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Litchi  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Maackia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 9 of 11 Mallotus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Malus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts, decorative 
branches excluding seeds 
Malva  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Mangifera  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Manicaria  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Mauritia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Melia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Metroxylon  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Morus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Oenocarpus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Olea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Oncosperma  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Ostrya  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Parrotia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Persea  spp. 
(= Machilus spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Photinia  spp. 
(= Stranvaesia spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Picea  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Costa Rica, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Pinus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Platanus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Polygonum  spp. 
(= Reynoutria spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Populus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Prunus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts, decorative 
branches excluding seeds 
Pseudolarix  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Psidium  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 10 of 11 Punica  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Pyracantha  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Pyrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, France, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts, decorative 
branches excluding seeds 
Quercus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Rhododendron  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Belgium, Japan, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Rhus  spp. 
(= Toxicodendron 
spp.) All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Ribes  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Robinia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Israel, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Rosa  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Australia, Denmark, Germany, 
Netherlands, United Kingdom Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Roystonea  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Rubus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Sabal  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Sageretia  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
China Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Sapium  spp. 
(= Triadica spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Solanum  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excluding true 
seeds 
Sophora  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Sorbus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts e xcluding seeds 
Spergularia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds Date: September 10, 2012        RMD-12-06 (consulta tion)  
 
Page 11 of 11 Styrax  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Syagrus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Toona  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Ulmus  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Vaccinium  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Australia, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
Vernicia  spp. 
(= Aleurites spp.) All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts excl uding seeds 
Viburnum  spp. All origins except continental U.S., 
and 
Germany, Netherlands Propagative plant parts excluding seeds 
and tissue culture 
Washingtonia  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Ziziphus  spp. All origins except continental U.S. Propagative plant parts ex cluding seeds 
Plants as pests  NAPPRA from  Regulated plant part  
Artemisia austriaca All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Bromus  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Celtis sinensis All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Ludwigia  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Picnomon  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Cassinia  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Cestrum  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Hakea  spp. All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Rhamnus alaternus All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Rumex sagittatus All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds 
Senecio angulatus All origins Propagative plant parts including seeds