هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية  
GCC STANDARDIZATION ORGANIZATION (GSO)  
 
 
مشروع مواصفة نهائي 
Final Draft of  Standard FDS  
  
 
 
 
إعداد اللجنةالفنية الفرعية  الخليجية رقم TC 02/SC 01 
 
Prepared by GSO Technical Sub -Committee No. TC 02/SC 01  
 
  
 
GSO 02  /01/FDS/  53 :2018  
 
 
 
 
إطارات سيارات الركوب  الجزء الثالث: طرق الاختبار  
 
Passenger Car Tyres Part 3: Methods of Test  
 
 
 
 
   ICS:  83.160.10; 83.160.01    
هذه الوثيقة مشروعلمواصفة قياسية  خليجية تم توزيعها 
لإبداء الرأي والملحوظات بشأنها ، لذلك فإنها عرضة 
للتغيير والتبديل ، ولا يجوز الرجوع إليها كمواصفة 
قياسية  خليجية إلا بعد اعتمادها من الهيئة. This document is  a draft Gulf Standard  
circulated for comments. It is, therefore, 
subject to alteration and modification 
and may not be referred to as a Gulf 
Standard  until approved by GSO.  GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 2 
 new paragraphs  
  modified paragraphs  
  deleted paragraphs  تقديم 
 
هيئةةة التقيةةي  لةةدو  مجلةة  التعةةاو   لةةدو  الخلةةي  العربيةةة هيئةةة إقليميةةة تضةةم فةة  عضةةويتها أجهةة   التقيةةي  
الوطنيةةة فةة  الةةدو  الأعضةةاء ، ومةةن مهةةا  الهيئةةة إعةةداد المواصةةفات القياسةةية واللةةوا ا الفنيةةة الخليجيةةة 
بواسطة لجا  فنية متخصصة . 
قةةةةر  المجلةةةة  الفنةةةة  لهيئةةةةة التقيةةةةي  لةةةةدو  مجلةةةة  التعةةةةاو  لةةةةدو  الخلةةةةي  العربيةةةةة فةةةة  اجتماعةةةة   قةةةةةةم ( ) 
الةةةةةةةةةةذي عقةةةةةةةةةةد بتةةةةةةةةةةا ي ......./......./....... هةةةةةةةةةةة ،الموافةةةةةةةةةة. ......./...../.......   اعتمةةةةةةةةةةاد تحةةةةةةةةةةدي  
اللا حةةةةة الفنيةةةةة الخليجيةةةةة  قةةةةم  GSO 53:2018  " إطةةةةا ات سةةةةيا ات الركةةةةول الجةةةة ء ال الةةةة   طةةةةر
الاختبةةةةةا  "  التةةةةةة  تةةةةةةم د اسةةةةةتها و إعةةةةةةدادها ضةةةةةةمن برنةةةةةام  عمةةةةةةل اللجنةةةةةةة الفنيةةةةةة الفرعيةةةةةةة الخليجيةةةةةةة  قةةةةةةم 
TC 02 /SC01  " اللجنةةةةةة الفنيةةةةةة الفرعيةةةةة الخليجيةةةةةة لمواصةةةةةفات المركبةةةةات والإطةةةةةا ات " المد جةةةةةة فةةةةة  
خطة دولة الكويت . 
على أ  تلغ  اللا حة الفنية الخليجية الخليجية  قم GSO 53:2007 و تحل محلها 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
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  deleted paragraphs  Passenger Car Tyres Part 3 : Methods of Test  
 
 
1- SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION  
 
 This standard is concerned with methods of test for the new passenger car 
tyres inflated with compressed air . 
 
2- COMPLEMENTARY REFERENCES  
 
2.1 GS 5 1 “Passenger Car Tyres - Part 1: Nomenclature, Designation, Marking,   
                   Dimensions, Load Capacity and Inflation Pressure ”.  
 
2.2        GS 5 2 “Passenger Car Tyres – General Requirements ”.  
 
2.3        GS 1 783 “Passenger Car Tyres – Tread wear, Traction and Temperature  
       Resistance Grading”.  
 
2.4        GS 1784 “Passenger Car Tyres – Methods of Testing of Temperature  
       Resistance Grading”.  
 
3- VISUAL INSPECTION  
 
3.1 Tyres shall be visually inspected to check the absence of any cracks or cuts 
in the tread or on either sidewalls, and ensure it is fre e from any metal pieces, 
gravel or other foreign matter pinched or stuck in the tyre.  
 
3.2 Information marked on the tyre shall be checked.  
 
3.3 Temperature rating marked on the tyre shall be checked.  
 
3.4 The speed symbol marked on the tyre shall be check ed. 
 
3.5 The date of manufacture marked shall be checked.  
 
4- DIMENSIONS MEASUREMENT  
 
4.1 Overall Width 
  
a) The tyre shall be mounted on a measuring rim and inflated to the pressure 
300-350 kPa.  
 
b) Adjust the pressure as specified in Table 1 A and 1B, and allowed to stand 
for 24 h ours, at room temperature (20 to 30) oC prior to measuring.   
 
c) Readjust the pressure to the original value . 
 
d) Measure the overall width of the tyre be callipered at six different points 
spaced approximately equall y around the circumference.  taking the GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 4 
 new paragraphs  
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  deleted paragraphs  thickness of the protective ribs or bands into account  The average of these 
measurements is to be taken as the tyre overall section width.  
 
TABLE  1A 
 Inflation Pressure in kPa  
 
 Radial t yre standard 
bias-belted 
tyres  T-type 
temporary  
use s pare   
Standard  Reinforced 
or extra 
load 
Pressure, 
kPa 180 230 170 420 
 
TABLE B 
  Inflation Pressure in kPa  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.2 Overall Diameter  
 The maximum outer circumference shall be measured with a steel tape and 
then the value divided by 3.1416 to obtain the overall diameter.  
 
5- TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION TEST 
 
5.1 A test specimen shall be taken from the tread in the direction of the 
circumference with dimensions as in Fig. (1 a or 1 b). 
 
5.2 Procedure  
 The test specimen shall be fixed between the two jaws of the testing 
machine, and shall be tensiled at a rate of 500  25 mm/min.  
 
5.3 Calculation  
 
5.3.1  The tensile strength shall be calculated as follows:  
 
T  =  
L
A    kg/mm2 
 
Where:  
T =  tensile strength, kg/mm2 
L =  maximum load, kg  
A =  Cross sectional area of the test specimen, mm2 Diagonal (bias -ply) tyres  
Ply-rating  Pressure, kPa  
Speed category  
L, M, N  P, Q, R, S  T, U, H, V  
4 
6 
8 170 
210 
250 200 
240 
280 - 
260 
300 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
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5.3.2  The elongation shall be calculated as follows:  
 
Elongation   =  
11
12 1
1−   x  100  
 
Where:  
11 = standard length, mm  
12 = the length at breaking time, mm  
 
6- AGEING TEST  
 
6.1 Preparation of Sample  
 
 Four test specimens shall be taken by the same methods and dimensions 
mentioned in item 5.1.  
 
6.2 Apparatus  
 
 A closed furnace, with the temperature adjusted so as to be (70  1)oC, at 
its center , provided that  it  shall not  be changed  at  any  point in the  
furnace  by  2oC.  The furnace shall be equipped wit h a thermostat with a 
precision  1oC, and a system to change the inside air once per hour at least.  
The volume of inside area of the furnace must be proportioned to the weight 
of the test portion.  It shall be 10 ml for each 1 gram of the sample weight a t 
least.  
 
6.3 Procedure  
 
 Test specimens shall be hung in the center  of the furnace after the inside 
temperature becomes steady. Test specimens shall not touch each other 
and shall not be touching the furnace walls.  It shall be kept in the furnace 
for 96 hours, then taken out and left in room temperature before carrying 
out the tensile test after 16 -96 hours.  
 
 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
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Figure 1 
Test S pecimens  
 
7-   STRENGTH TEST  
 
7.1 Preparation of Tyre  
 
7.1.1  Mount the tyre on a test rim and inflate it to the applicable pressure specified 
in Table 2.  
 
7.1.2  Condition it at room temperature for at least 3 hours.  
 
7.1.3  Readjust its pressure to that specified in 7.1.1.  
 
7.2 Test Procedure  
 
GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 7 
 new paragraphs  
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  deleted paragraphs  7.2.1  Force a 19 mm diameter cylindri cal steel plunger with a hemispherical end 
perpendicularly into the tread rib as near to the centerline as possible, 
avoiding penetration into the tread groove, at the rate of 50 mm/min.  
 
7.2.2  Record the force and penetration at five test points equally spaced around 
the circumference of the tyre. If the tyre fails to break before the plunger is 
stopped by reaching the rim, record the force and penetration as the rim is 
reached and use these values in paragraph 7.3.  
 
TABLE 2  
Inflation Pressure in kPa  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7.3 Calculations  
 
7.3.1  Compute the breaking energy for each test point by means of one of the 
two following formulas:  
  
W=[(F × P)/2] × 10-3 (joules)  
  
Where  
 
W = Energy, joules   
F = Force, Newton    
P = Penetration, mm  
 
7.3.2  Determine the breaking energy value for the tyre by computing the average 
of the five values obtained in accordance with 7.3.1.  
 
8- ENDURANCE TEST  
 
8.1 Preparation of Tyre  
 
8.1.1  Mount a new tyre on a test rim and inflate it to the applicable pressure 
specified in Table 2.  
 
8.1.2  Condition the tyre ass embly to 38° ±3°C for at least three hours.  
 
8.13 Readjust tyre pressure to that specified in Table 2 immediately before testing.  
 
8.2 Test Procedure  
 Radial tyres Diagonal (bias -ply) 
Tyres  T-type 
temporary  
use spare t yres 
Standard  Reinforced or 
extra load Ply rating  
360 4 6 8 
180 220 170 190 220 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 8 
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  deleted paragraphs  8.2.1  Mount the tyre and wheel assembly on a test axle and press it against a flat -
faced steel test wheel (1.70 m + 1%) in diameter and at least as wide as the 
section width of the tyre to be tested or an approved equivalent test wheel, 
with the applicable test load specified in Table 3 for the tyre’s size 
designation, type and maximum permissible inflation pressure.  
 
8.2.2  During the test, the air surrounding the test area shall be between (38 -44)°C .  
 
8.2.3  Conduct the test at 80 km/h in accordance to the schedule listed in Table 3 
without pressure adjustment or other interrupt ions. The test loads listed in 
Table 3 are the specified percentage of the maximum load rating marked 
on the tyre sidewall.  
 
8.2.4  Immediately after running the tyre the required time, measure its inflation 
pressure. Allow the tyre to cool for one hour. Th en deflate the tyre, remove it 
from the test rim, and inspect it. The tyre shall be checked for evidence of 
tread, side wall, innerliner, cord, ply, belt or bead separation, tread 
chunking, open splices or broken cords.  
 
TABLE 3  
Stages of Endurance Test  
 
Test 
Stage  Test Load (N)  Test Time  
(h) 
 Radial Tyres  Bias-Ply & T -Type Temporary Use 
Spare Tyres   
1   1 x max load capacity   0.85 x max load capacity  4 
2 1.1 x max load capacity  0.90 x max load capacity  6 
3 1.15 x max load capacity  1 x max load capacity  24 
 
9- HIGH LOAD/SPEED PERFORMANCE TEST  
 
9.1 Preparing the Tyre  
 
a) The tyre shall be mounted on the specified rim and inflated to the 
pressure shown in Table 4.   
 
b) tyre-and-wheel assembly  shall be conditioned at a temperature not less 
than 38oC for a minimum of 3 hours.  
 
c) Immediately prior to test, the inflation pressure shall be readjus ted to that 
specified in Table 4 . 
 
d) Readjust the tyre pressure to that specified in paragraph (a) above.  
 
9.2 Apparatus  GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 9 
 new paragraphs  
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  deleted paragraphs  A steel drum of (1700  1%) or (2000  1%) mm diameter and at least the 
same width as the tread width of the tyre to be tested.  
 
9.3 A test apparatus environment controlled at a temperature not less than 38oC 
during the test period.  
 
TABLE 4  
 Inflation Pressure – kPa 
 
 
Speed 
category  Diagonal (bias -
ply) tyres  Radial/Run flat system  Bias-
belted 
tyres  T-type 
temporary 
use spare 
tyres  
Ply rating  Standard  Reinforced  Standard  
4 6 8 
 
L, M, N   
230  
270  
300  
240  
280  
-  
 
P, Q, R, S   
260  
300  
330  
260  
300  
260  
 
T, U, H   
280  
320  
350  
280  
320  
280 420 
 
V 
W 
Y 
  
300 
- 
-  
340 
- 
-  
370 
- 
-  
300 
320    320   
340 
360 
360  
- 
- 
-  
 
9.2 Test Procedure  
 
9.2.1  Mount the tyre -and-wheel  assembly on a test axle and press it against t he 
outer face of a smooth wheel (1.70 m + 1%) or (2  m + 1%) in diameter.  
 
9.2.2  Apply to the test axle a load  equal to 80% of:  
 
9.2.2.1  the maximum load rating equated to the Load Capacity Index for tyres with   
                   Speed Symbols L to H inclusive,  
 
9.2.2.2  the maximum load rating associated with a maximum speed of 240  km/h for 
tyres speed symbol "V" (see paragraph 4.4.3.2 of GSO 51/2017).  
 
9.2.2.3  the maximum load rating associated with a maximum speed of 270  km/h for 
tyres with speed symbol "W" (see paragraph 4.4.3 .2 of GSO 51/2017).  
 
9.2.2.4  the maximum load rating associated with a maximum speed of 300  km/h for 
tyres with speed symbol "Y" (see paragraph 4.4.3.2 of GSO 51/2017).  
 
9.2.3  Throughout the test the inflation pressure shall not be corrected and the test 
load shal l be kept constant.  
9.2.4  During the test the temperature in the test -room must be maintained 
between (38 -44)°C . 
 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 10 
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  deleted paragraphs  9.2.5  Carry the test through, without interruption in conformity with the following  
 particulars:  
 
9.2.5.1  Time taken to pass from zero speed to initial test speed: 10  minutes.  
 
9.2.5.2  The mounted tyre on the test axle should be rotated at an Initial Test Speed 
(ITS): prescribed maximum speed for the type of tyre (see paragraph 4.4.2 of 
GSO 51/2017), less 40 km/h in the case of the smooth wheel having (1. 70 m ± 
1%) in diameter or less 30 km/h in the case of the smooth wheel having (2 m 
± 1%) in diameter.  
 
9.2.5.3  For tyres of speed symbol L to W, inclusive:  
Accelerate the equipment at a constant rate such th at the initial test speed 
(ITS) is reached at the end of 10 minutes from start -up. 
-then, at the ITS for 10 minutes.  
-then, at the ITS plus 10 km/h for 10 minutes.  
-then, at the ITS plus 20 km/h for 10 minutes.  
-then, at the ITS plus 30 km/h for 20 minutes.  
 
9.2.5.4   For tyres of speed symbol Y:  
 Accelerate the equipmen t at a constant rate such that the initial test speed 
(ITS) is reached at the end of 10 minutes from start -up. 
  -then, at the ITS for 20 minutes.  
  -then, at the ITS plus 10 km/h for 10 minutes.  
  -then, at the ITS plus 20 km/h for 10 minutes.  
-then, at t he ITS plus 30 km/h for 10 minutes  
 
9.2.5.5   For tyres with “ZR” in the size designation intended for use at speeds greater    
 than 300 km/h.  
 
9.2.5.5.1  Test the tyre at the load and inflation for a Y rated tyre according to the 
procedures specified above in paragraph 9.2.5.4.  
 
9.2.5.5.2  Another load/speed test must be carried out on a second sample of the 
same tyre type as follows: (Note: The second test may be carried out on the same tyre 
sample if the tyre manufacturer agrees)  
 
Inflate the tyre to the inflation pressure specified in Table (4).  Apply a load to 
the test axle that is equal to 80% of the load specified by the tyre 
manufacturer (see paragraph 4.4.3.2 of GSO 51/2017). Accelerate the 
equipment at a constant rate withou t interruptions such that the rated speed 
of the tyre is reached to the maximum test speed for the second test at the 
end of 10 minutes from the start -up.  Then test at the rated speed for 5 
minutes.  
 
9.2.5.5.3  Maximum test speed for the second test: maxim um speed specified  by the 
tyre manufacturer (see paragraph 4.4.3.2 of GSO 51/2017), less 10 km/h in 
the case of the smooth wheel having (1.7 m ± 1%) in diameter or equal to 
the maximum speed specified by the tyre manufacturer in the case of the 
smooth whee l having (2 m ± 1%) in diameter.  GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 11 
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  deleted paragraphs  9.2.5.6  If the tyre has no service description and has a maximum speed rating that 
is > 240 km/h and < 300 km/h, inflate the tyre to 300 kPa, load the test axle to 
80 per cent of the load specified by the tyre manufacturer, and tes t the tyre 
according to the procedure specified in paragraph 9.4.4.1, with the initial 
test speed (ITS) equal to the tyre’s maximum speed rating as specified by the 
tyre’s manufacturer minus the speed specified in item 9.4.1  
 
9.2.5.7  Immediately after running the tyre the required time, measure its inflation 
pressure. Allow the tyre to cool for one hour. Then deflate the tyre, remove it 
from the test rim, and inspect it for the conditions specified in paragraph 9.4 
of this regulation.  
 
9.3 Procedure to assess the "flat tyre running mode" of "run flat system".  
 
9.3.1  Mount a new tyre on the test rim and carry out the procedure as detailed in 
paragraphs (9.1a -9.1d).  
 
9.3.2  Remove the valve insert and wait until  the tyre  deflates  completely.  
 
9.3.3  Mount the tyre -and-wheel assembly to a test axle and press it against the 
outer surface of a smooth wheel (1.70 m ± 1%) or (2.0 m ± 1) in diameter and 
apply to the test axle a load equal to  65% of the maximum load rating 
corresponding to the load capacity index of the tyre.  
 
9.3.4  At the start of the test, m easure the deflected section height (Z1) . During the 
test the temperature of the test room must be maintained between (38 -
44)°C . 
 
9.3.5  Carry the test t hrough, without interruption i n conformity with the following 
particulars:  
 
9.3.5.1  a) time taken to pass from zero speed to constant test speed: 5 minutes.  
b) test speed: 80 km/h.  
c) duration of test at the test speed:  60 minutes.  
 
9.3.5.2  At the end of the test, measure the deflecte d section height (Z2) . Calculate 
the change in percent of the deflected section height compared to the 
deflect ed section height at the start of the test as ((Z1 – Z2) / Z1) x 100.  
 
9.4 Results  
a) A tyre which after undergoing the load/speed test does not exhibit any 
tread separation, ply separation, cord separation, chunking or broken cords 
shall be deemed to have passed the test.  
 
b) However, a tyre marked with the speed symbol "Y" which, after 
undergoing the relevant test, exhibits superficial blistering  of the tyre tread 
caused by the specific test equipment and conditions, is deemed to have 
passed the test.  
 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 12 
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  deleted paragraphs  c) If a "run flat  system " tyre which, after undergoing the load/speed test, does 
not exhibit a change in the deflected section height, compared to the 
deflected section  height at the start of the test, higher than 20  per cent  and 
retains the tread connected to the two sidewalls , it is deemed to have 
passed the test.  
 
10- TUBELESS TYRE BEAD UNSEATING RESISTANCE TEST  
 
10.1 Preparation of Tyre -Wheel Assembly.  
 
10.1.1  Wash the tyre, dry it at the beads, and mount it without lubrication or adhesives on 
a clean, painted test rim.  
 
10.1.2  Inflate it to the applicable pressure specified in Table II at ambient room 
temperature.  
 
10.1.3  Mount the wheel and tyre in a fixture shown in Figure 3, and force the bead 
unseating block shown in Figure 4A or Figure 4B against the tyre sidewall as required 
by the geometry of the fixture. However, in testing a tyre that has an inflation 
pressure of 420 kPa, only use the bead unseating block described in Figure 4B.  
 
10.2 Equipment  
 
10.2.1  A fixture used to support the mounted tyre -wheel assembly during the test 
as shown in Fig. 3 with a block of the dimensions shown in Fig. 4.  
 
10.2.2  A hydrau lic press or equivalent to press the block . 
 
10.2 Test Procedure  
 
10.2.1  Apply a load through the block to the tyre’s outer sidewall at the distance specified 
in Figure 3 for the applicable wheel size at a rate of 50 mm/min, with the load arm 
substantially parallel to the tyre and rim assembly at the time of engagement . 
 
10.2.2  Increase the load until the bead unseats or until the specific load is met 
whichever happens first.  
 
10.2.3  Repeat the test at least four places equally spaced around the tyre 
circumference  
 
10.3 When a tubeless tyre that has a maximum inflation pressure other than 420 kPa, the 
applied force requ ired to unseat the tyre bead at the point of contact shall be not 
less than:  
 
(a) 6,670 N for tyres with a designated section width of less than 160 mm.  
 
(b) 8,890 N for tyres with a designated section width of 160 mm or more but less than 
205 mm (8 inche s). 
  
(c) 11,120 for tyres with a designated section width of 205 mm or more, using the 
section width specified in a submission made by an individual manufacturer.  
 GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 13 
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  deleted paragraphs  10.4 When a tyre that has a maximum inflation pressure of 420 kPa, the applied force 
required to unseat the bead at the point of contact shall be not less than:  
  
(a) 6,670 N for tyres with a maximum load rating of less than 399 kg.  
 
(b) 8,890 N for tyres with a maximum load rati ng of 399 kg or more but less than 635 
kg. 
 
(c) 11,120 N for tyres with a maximum load rating of 635 kg or more, using the 
maximum load rating marked on the sidewall of the t yre. GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 14 
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GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 15 
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A, mm  Nominal Rim Diameter  
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 10 
All Other Tyres  330 318 305 292 279 267 254 241 216 
T-Type Temporary Use Spare Tyres  305 290 269 251 239 226 213 - - 
 
 
 
Figure  3 
 
Bead Unseating T est Fixture (all dimensions in mm)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 16 
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Figure 4A 
 
Diagram of Bead Unseating B lock (all dimensions in mm)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 17 
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Figure 4B 
 
Diagram of Bead U nseating Block (all dimensions in mm)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GSO 53:2018            GSO STANDARD 
 
 
 18 
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  deleted paragraphs  REFERENCES : 
 
1) ECE No. 30 “Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)”, Revision 3: 29th March 2007 . 
 
2) ECE No. 30 “Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)”, Revision 3/Amendment 1. 
10th November 2007.  
 
3) ECE No. 30 “Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)”, Revision 3/Amendment 2. 
17th March 2010.  
 
4) ECE No. 30 “Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)”, Revision 3/Amendmen t 3. 
27th January 2013.  
 
5) ECE No. 30 “Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)”, Revision 3/Amendment 4. 9th 
February 2017.  
 
6) FMVSS No. 109 “New Pneumatic and Certain Specialty Tires”. 2015