Draft of Sanitation Standard for Contaminants and 
Toxins in Food  
 
Article 1    
This Standard is prescribed in accordance with the provisions of Article 17 of 
the Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation.  
 
Article 2    
The contaminant s in this standard shall mean the substance not intentionally 
added to food, which one present in foo d as a result of the manufacturing, 
processing, blending, packaging, transportation, storage, production or 
trafficking of the polluter, or as a result of environmental contamination. It 
does not include insect fragments, hairs and other extraneous matter s. 
The toxin s in this standard includ e the mycotoxins, marine bio -toxins  and 
natural toxins in plant origin.  
The scope of this standard  does not include the residues of pesticide and 
veterinary drugs, atomic dust and radioactivity contamination, polychlorinated 
biphenyl, dioxin, microorganisms and microbial toxins, and processing aids.  
 
Article 3    
The maximum levels  of metals in food, s hall meet the standard on Appendix  1. 
 
Article 4    
The maximum  levels  of mycotoxins  in food, shall meet the standard on 
Appendix  2. 
 
Article 5 
The maximum levels  of other contaminants and toxins in food, shall meet the 
standard on Appendix  3. 
 
Article 6    
This standard shall be implemented from the date of promulgation.  
  Appendix 1. Maximum levels (ML)  of metals in food s 
1.Total Arsenic  (As-tot) and Inorganic Arsenic  (As-in) 
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/ kg) 
As-tot As-in 
1.1 Grains    
1.1.1  Polished rice  0.2(1) 
1.1.2  Grains  (include  rice), exception of foodstuffs 
listed in 1.1.1  1  
1.2 Seaweed  (2)  1.0 
1.3 Aquatic animal(2)   
1.3.1  Fish  0.5 
1.3.2  Shellfish and Cephalopod (except organ)    0.5 
1.3.3  Muscle meat of Crustaceans , include muscle 
meat from appendages.   0.5 
1.3.4  Other aquatic animal(3)  0.5 
1.4 Edible fats and oils    
1.4.1  Edible fats and oils  (4) 0.1  
1.4.2  Fat spreads and blended spreads (5) 0.1  
1.5 Bottled and packaged drinking water  0.01  
1.6 Beverage  (natural and concentrated fruit and 
vegetable juices are not included ) 0.2  
1.7 Salt, food grade(6)(7) 0.2  
1.8 Ice cubes , food grade  0.01  
2. Lead  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
2.1 Grains   
2.1.1  Grains , include  rice 0.2 
2.2 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin(2)  
2.2.1  Leafy vegetables : The ML also applies to 
Brassica leafy vegetables.  0.3 
2.2.2  Brassica vegetables : The ML applies to  head 
cabbages and kohlrabi, cauliflower and broccoli, 
brussels sprouts (“buttons” only).  The ML does not 
apply to Brassica leafy vegetables.  0.1 
2.2.3  Root and tuber vegetables : The ML applies to  
whole commodity after removing tops and adhering 
soil. Potato must peel. The ML does not apply to 
celeriac.  0.1 
2.2.4  Bulb vegetables : The ML applies to  dry onions 
and garlic must removal of roots and adhering soil and 
whatever parchment skin is easily detached.  0.1 2.2.5  Fruiting vegetables : The ML applies to  whole 
commodity after removal of stems.  Fresh corn without 
husk , excluding sweet corn .  0.05 
2.2.6  Legume vegetables , including edible pods.   0.1 
2.2.7  Pulses , including edible crops harvested solely 
for dry seeds.   0.2 
2.2.8  Peanuts  0.2 
2.2.9  Cranberry , Currants , Elderberry  and Strawberry  0.2 
2.2.10  Other vegetables and fruits  0.1 
2.2.11  Herbs and Spices, fresh  0.3 
2.3 Seaweed (2) 1.0 
2.4 Mushrooms(8) 3(9) 
2.5 Aquatic animal (2)  
2.5.1 Fish 0.3 
2.5.2 Shellfish  2 
2.5.3 Cephalopod (except organ)  0.3 
2.5.4 Muscle meat of Crustaceans, include muscle 
meat from appendages.  0.5 
2.5.5 Other aquatic animal(3) 0.3 
2.6 Livestock and Poultry Products  (2)  
2.6.1 Meat of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry  0.1 
2.6.2 Edible offal of cattle, pigs and poultry   0.5 
2.6.3 Eggs  0.3 
2.7 Edible fats and oils   
2.7.1 Edible fats and oils(4)  0.1 
2.7.2 Fat spreads and blended spreads (5) 0.1 
2.7.3 Butter , Cream and other products which m ainly 
containing milk fat  0.1 
2.8 Milk and milk products  (exce ption of foodstuffs 
listed in 2.7 .3) 0.02 
2.9 Beverage   
2.9.1 Naturally fruit and vegetable juices, reconstituted 
fruit and vegetable juices and nectars , exception 
concentrated fruit and vegetable juices, and juices or 
nectars  which from berries and other small fruits  0.03 
2.9.2 Naturally fruit and vegetable juices, reconstituted 
fruit and vegetable juices and nectars  which from 
berries and other small fruits, exception concentrated 
fruit and vegetable juices   0.05 
2.9.3 Other beverage intended for direct human 
consumption , exception of foodstuffs listed in 2. 9.1, 
2.9.2 and concentrated fruit and vegetable  0.3 2.10 Bottled and packaged drinking water  0.01 
2.11 Canned foods, exception canned beverage  1 
2.12 Food for infant and young child (10)(15)  
2.12.1 Infant formula  (11) and follow -up infant formula  
(12)  
2.12.1.1  marketed as liquid  0.010 
2.12.1.2  marketed as powder  0.050 
2.12.2 Infant formula for special medical purposes(13) 
and foods for special medical purposes intended 
specifically for young children :  
2.12.2.1  marketed as liquid  0.010 
2.12.2.2  marketed as powder  0.050 
2.12.3 Baby food(14)  0.050 
2.12.6 Drinks which labelled and sold to infants and 
young children , exception of foodstuffs listed in  
2.12.1.1, 2.12. 2.1 and 2.1 2.3 0.030 
2.13 Salt, food grade  (6)(7) 2 
2.14 Ice cubes, food grade  0.01 
2.15 Honey  0.1 
3. Cadmium  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
3.1 Grains   
3.1.1  Rice 0.4 
3.1.2  Wheat  0.2 
3.1.3  Wheat bran and wheat germ for direct 
consumption  0.2 
3.1.4 Other grains  0.1 
3.2 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin (2)  
3.2.1  Leafy vegetables : The ML also applies to 
Brassica leafy vegetables.  0.2 
3.2.2  Brassica vegetables : Head cabbages and kohlrabi, 
Cauliflower and broccoli, Brussels sprouts (“buttons” 
only).  The ML does not apply to Brassica leafy 
vegetables.  0.05 
3.2.3  Root and tuber vegetables : Whole commodity 
after removing tops and adhering soil. Potato must 
peel. The ML does not apply to celeriac and parsnips.   0.1 
3.2.4  Celeriac and parsnips  0.2 
3.2.5  Stalk and stem vegetables : Rhubarb: leaf stems 
only.  Globe artichoke: flower head only.  Celery and 
asparagus: remove adhering soil.  0.1 
3.2.6  Bulb vegetables : Dry onions and garlic must 0.05 removal of roots and adhering soil and whatever 
parchment skin is easily detached.  
3.2.7  Fruiting vegetables : Whole commodity after 
removal of stems.  Sweet corn and fresh corn without 
husk.  0.05 
3.2.8  Legume vegetables : Including edible pods.  0.1 
3.2.9  Pulses : Including edible crops harvested solely 
for dry seeds. The ML does not apply to soy bean.  0.1 
3.2.10  Soy beans and Peanuts  0.2 
3.2.11  Other vegetables and fruits  0.05 
3.2.12  Herbs and Spices  (fresh ) 0.2 
3.3 Seaweed  (2) 1.0 
3.4 Mushrooms  (8) 2(9) 
3.5 Aquatic animal  (2)  
3.5.1 Fish 0.3 
3.5.2 Shellfish , Cephalopod (except organ)  2 
3.5.3 Muscle meat of Crustaceans, incl ude muscle meat 
from  appendages  0.5 
3.5.4 Other aquatic animal(3) 0.3 
3.6 Livestock and Poultry Products (2)  
3.6.1 Meat of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry  0.050  
3.6.2 Meat of horse  0.20 
3.6.3 Liver of  cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry  and horse  0.50 
3.6.4 Kidney of cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry  and horse   1.0 
3.7 Bottled and packaged drinking water  0.005  
3.8 Food for infant and young child  (10)(15)  
3.8.1 Infant formula (11) and follow -up infant formula  
(12)   
3.8.1.1  Formulae manufactured from cows’ milk 
proteins or protein hydrolysates   
3.8.1.1.1  marketed as liquid  0.005  
3.8.1.1.2  marketed as powder  0.010  
3.8.1.2 Formulae manufactured form soya protein 
isolates, alone or in a mixture with cows’ milk 
proteins   
3.8.1.2.1  marketed as liquid  0.010  
3.8.1.2.2  marketed as powder  0.020  
3.8.2 Baby food(14) 0.040  
3.9 Salt, food grade  (6)(7) 0.2 
4. Mercury (Hg) and Methylmercury (MeHg)  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
Hg MeHg  4.1 Grains    
4.1.1  Rice 0.05  
4.2 Seaweed  (2) 0.5  
4.3 Edible fats and oils    
4.3.1  Edible fats and oils (4) (excluding  derived from  
marine sources )  0.05  
4.3.2  Edible fats and oils derived from marine sources   0.1  
4.4 Aquatic animal  (2)   
4.4.1  Shark, swordfish, tuna and oilfish    2 
4.4.2  Grenadier, plain bonito, pandora, atlantic catfish, 
anglerfish, red seabream, megrim, mullet, rays, 
scabbard fish, red seabream, snack mackerel, 
butterfish, sturgeon, spotted butter fish, eel, pike.   1 
4.4.3 Other f ish  0.5 
4.4.4 Shellfish , Cephalopod (except organ)   0.5 
4.4.5 Muscle meat of Crustaceans, include muscle 
meat from appendages   0.5 
4.4.6 Other aquatic animal(3)  0.5 
4.5 Bottled and packaged drinking water  0.001   
4.6 Ice cubes, food grade  0.001   
4.7 Salt, food grade  (6)(7) 0.1  
5.Tin  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
5.1 Canned e dible fats and oils (4) 250 
5.2 Canned beverage  150 
5.3 Canned f ood for infant and young child(10)(15)  
5.3.1 Canned infant formulae(11) and follow -up infant 
formula  (12), excluding dried and powdered products  50 
5.3.2 Canned i nfant formula  for special medical 
purposes(13) ,excluding dried and powdered products  50 
5.3.3 Canned baby food(14) ,excluding dried and 
powdered products  50 
5.4 Other canned food s  250 
6.Copper  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
6.1 Edible fats and oils  (4) 0.4 
6.2 Eggs  5 
6.3 Beverage, excluding  naturally and concentrated fruit 
and vegetable juices . 5.0 
6.4 Salt, food grade (6)(7) 2 Note.  
(1)If the total Arsenic concentration is below the ML for inorganic Arsenic, 
no further testing is required.  
(2)Wet weight basis.  
(3)Other aquatic animals, for example, the sea urchin  and the s ea cucumber . 
(4)Edible f ats and oils include all fat -based products that are derived from 
vegetable, animal or marine sources, or their mixtures.  The animal fats 
shall from health animals which ha ve been lawful slaughter; the fatty 
tissues shall clean and fit for human consumption.  
(5)The ML  does not apply to fat spreads derived exclusively from milk and/or 
milk products , for example, the butter . 
(6)The food grade salt is obtained from the sea, from underground rock salt 
deposits or from natural brine. It is used as an ingredient of food, both for 
direct sale to the consumer and for food manufacture. The content of NaCl 
shall not be less than 97 % on a dry matter basis, exclusive of additives. In 
addition, the food grade salt refers to seawater drawn from 200 meters 
below  sea level or deeper, the content of NaCl shall not less than 95 % on 
a dry matter basis. It also applies to salt used as a carrier o f food additives 
and / or nutrients.  
(7)The by -products from chemical industries shall not be used.  
(8)The ML applies to the carpophores, not included mycelium.  
(9)Dry weight basis.  
(10)The term infant means a person not more than 12 months of age.  The te rm 
young child  means a person from the age of more than 12 months up to 
the age of three years (36 months).  
(11)Infant formula means a breast -milk substitute specially manufactured to 
satisfy, by itself, the nutritional requirements of infants from birth t o six 
months of age up to the introduction of appropriate complementary 
feeding.  
(12)Follow -up infant formula means a food intended for use as formula of the 
weaning diet for the infant from six months to twelve months of age. Not 
suitable alone for infant s under six months consumption.  
(13)Infant formula for special medical purposes means a substitute for human 
milk or infant formula, by itself, the special nutritional requirements of 
infants with specific disorder, disease or medical condition during the 
first months of life up to the introduction of appropriate complementary 
feeding.  
(14)Baby food means food intended to fulfil the particular requirements of 
infants in good health while they are being weaned, and of young children 
in good health as a suppl ement to their diet and/or for their progressive 
adaptation to ordinary food, including use of cereal, fruits, vegetables, 
meat or other food ingredients as mainly materials, or rusks and biscuits.  
(15)The maximum level refers to the product as sold.   Appendix 2. M aximum levels (ML)  of mycotoxins  in food s 
1.Aflatoxins total  (B1+B 2+G 1+G 2) 
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
1.1 Grains   
1.1.1  Rice, Maize and Wheat, raw material  (2) 10 
1.1.2  Other  cereals and processed cereal products , 
exception of foodstuffs listed in 1.1.1  4 
1.2 Edible fats and oils  10 
1.3 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin   
1.3.1  Tree nuts and Oilseeds (1)  
1.3.1.1  Peanuts  (also known as groundnuts) and 
Oilseeds , raw material (2) and removal of shell or husk , 
with the exception for crushing for refined vegetable 
oil production.  15 
1.3.1.2  Almonds, Pistachios, Hazelnuts and Brazil 
nuts, raw material (2) and removal of shell or husk . 15 
1.3.1.3  Other tree nuts (exception of foodstuffs listed  
in 1.3.1.2 ), raw material (2) and removal of shell or 
husk . 10 
1.3.1.4  Peanuts (also known as groundnuts) and 
Oilseeds , intended for direct human consumption or 
use as an ingredient in foodstuffs , removal of shell or 
husk . 4 
1.3.1.5  Almonds, Pistachios, Hazelnuts and  Brazil 
nuts, intended for direct human consumption or use as 
an ingredient in foodstuffs , removal of shell or husk . 10 
1.3.1.6  Other tree nuts (exception of foodstuffs listed  
in 1.3.1.5),  intended for direct human consumption or 
use as an ingredient in f oodstuffs , removal of shell or 
husk .  4 
1.3.2  Dried fruit   
1.3.2.1  Dried figs , intended for direct human 
consumption or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs.  10 
1.3.2.2 Other d ried fruit  raw material (2) (excluding  of 
dried figs ). 10 
1.3.2. 3 Other d ried fruit (excluding  dried figs and 
processed products thereof ), intended for direct 
human consumption or use as an ingredient in 
foodstuffs . 4 
1.4 Following species of spices:  
-Capsicum  spp. and its processed products , including 
chillies, chil li powder, cayenne and paprika . 10 -Piper  spp. and its processed products, including white 
and black pepper .  
-Myristica fragrans  (nutmeg)  
-Zingiber officinale  (ginger)  
-Curcuma longa  (turmeric)  
-Mixtures of spices containing one or more of the 
abovementione d spices  
1.5 Other foods  10 
2. Aflatoxin M 1 
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
2.1 Milk s(3) 0.5 
2.2 Food for infant  and young child(4)  
2.2.1  Infant formulae(5) and follow -up infant formula(6) 0.025(7) 
2.2.2  Infant formula for special medical purposes(8) 0.025(7) 
3. Aflatoxin B 1 
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
3.1 Grains   
3.1.1  Rice and Maize , raw material (2) 5 
3.1.2  All cereals and all products derived from cereals, 
including processed cereal products, exception of 
foodstuffs listed in 3.1.1 , 3.4.1  and 3.4.2.  2 
3.2 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin   
3.2.1  Tree nuts and Oilseeds   
3.2.1.1  Peanuts (also known as groundnuts) and 
Oilseeds(1), raw material (2) and removal of shell or 
husk , with the exception for crushing for refined 
vegetable oil production.  8 
3.2.1.2  Hazelnuts and Brazil nuts , raw material (2) and 
removal of shell or husk . 8 
3.2.1.3  Almonds, Pistachios  and Apricot kernels , raw 
material (2) and removal of shell or husk . 12 
3.2.1.4  Other tree nuts (exception of foodstuffs listed  
in 3.2.1.2, 3.2.1.3), raw material (2) and removal of 
shell or husk .  5 
3.2.1.5  Hazelnuts and Brazil nuts intended for direct 
human consumption or use as an ingredient in 
foodstuffs , removal of shell or husk .  5 
3.2.1.6  Almonds, Pistachios and Apricot k ernels, 
intended for direct human consumption or use as an 
ingredient in foodstuffs , removal of shell or husk .  8 
3.2.1.7  Peanuts (also known as groundnuts) and 
Oilseeds  and processed products thereof,  intended for 2 direct human consumption or use as an ingredient in 
foodstuffs , exception of  crude vegetable oils destined 
for refining  and refined vegetable oil . 
3.2.1.8  Other tree nuts (exception of foodstuffs listed  
in 3.2.1.5 and 3.2.1.6),  intended for direct human 
consumption or use as an ingredient i n foodstuffs . 2 
3.2.2  Dried fruit   
3.2.2.1  Dried figs , intended for direct human 
consumption or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs.  6 
3.2.2.2  Other d ried fruit  raw material (2) (excluding  of 
dried figs ). 5 
3.2.2. 3 Other d ried fruit  (excluding  dried figs and 
processed products thereof ), intended for direct 
human consumption or use as an ingredient in 
foodstuffs . 2 
3.3 Following species of spices:  
-Capsicum  spp. and its processed products, including 
chillies, chilli powder, cayenne and paprika . 
-Piper  spp. and its processed products, including white 
and black pepper .  
-Myristica fragrans  (nutmeg)  
-Zingiber officinale  (ginger)  
-Curcuma longa  (turmeric)  
-Mixtures of spices containing one or more of the 
abovementioned spices  5 
3.4 Food for infant and young child (4)  
3.4.1  Baby food(9) 0.10(10) 
3.4.2  Infant formula for special medical purposes(8) 0.10(7) 
4. Ochratoxin A  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
4.1 Grains   
4.1.1  Rice, Maize , Wheat,  and other cereals, raw 
material (2) 5 
4.1.2  Other processed cereal products and cereals 
intended for direct human consumption.  3 
4.1.3 Processed peanuts -based foods and peanuts 
intended for direct human consumption.  3 
4.2 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin   
4.2.1  Dried vine fruit (currants, raisins and sultanas)  10 
4.3 Coffee   
4.3.1  Roasted coffee beans and roasted coffee powder   5 
4.3.2  Soluble coffee (instant coffee)  10 4.4 Beverage   
4.4.1  Grape juice, concentrated grape juice as 
reconstituted  and grape nectar, intended for direct 
human consumptio n. 2 
4.5 Spices, including dried spices : 
-Piper  spp (fruits thereof, including white and black 
pepper)  
-Myristica fragrans  (nutmeg)   
-Zingiber officinale  (ginger)  
-Curcuma longa  (turmeric)  
-Capsicum  spp. (dried fruits thereof, including chillies, 
chilli powder, cayenne and paprika)  
-Mixtures of spices containing one or more of the 
abovementioned spices  15 
4.6 Food for infant and young child(4)  
4.6.1  Baby food(9) 0.50(10) 
4.6.2  Infant formula for special medical purposes(8) 0.50(7) 
5. Patulin  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
5.1 Vegetables, Fruits and Plant origin   
5.1.1  Solid apple products, including apple compote, 
apple puree intended for direct consumption   25 
5.2 Beverage   
5.2.1  Fruit juices, concentrated fruit juices as 
reconstituted and fruit nectars  50 
5.2.2  Fermented drinks derived from apples or 
containing apple juice  50 
5.3 Food for infant and young child (4)  
5.3.1  Apple juice and solid apple products, including 
apple compote and apple puree, for infants and young 
children and labelled and sold as such  10.0(7) 
5.3.2  Baby food s(9) other than processed cereal -based 
foods for infants and young children  10.0(7) 
6. Citrinin  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
6.1 Grains   
6.1.1  Red yeast rice  5000  
6.2 Complex food and food supplements containing red 
yeast rice  2000  
6.3 Monascus color  200 
7. Fumonisins (B1+B 2) 
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  7.1 Grains   
7.1.1  Raw maize grain(2) 4000  
7.1.2  Maize flour and maize meal  2000  
7.1.3  Maize -based breakfast cereals and maize -based 
snacks  800 
7.1.4  Other m aize intended for direct human 
consumption, maize - based foods for direct human 
consumption   1000  
7.2 Food for infant and young child(4)  
7.2.1  Baby food(9)  200(10) 
8. Deoxynivalenol (DON)  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
8.1 Grains   
8.1.1  Unprocessed durum wheat , oats and maize(2) 1750  
8.1.2  Other u nprocessed cereals(2) (11) 1250  
8.1.3  Flour, meal, semolina and flakes derived from 
wheat, maize  or barley  1000  
8.1.4  Pasta (dry , water content approximately  12 %)  750 
8.1.5  Cereals intended for direct human consumption, 
cereal flour, bran and germ as end product marketed for 
direct human consumption (11) 750 
8.1.6  Bread (including small bakery wa res), pastries, 
biscuits, cereal snacks and breakfast cereals(11) 500 
8.2 Food for infant and young child(4)  
8.2.1  Baby food(9) 200(10) 
9. Zearalenone  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
9.1 Grains   
9.1.1  Unprocessed maize  350 
9.1.2  Cereals intended for direct human consumption, 
cereal flour, bran and germ as end product marketed for 
direct human consumption  (11) 75 
9.1.3  Maize intended for direct human consumption, 
maize -based snacks and maize -based breakfast cereals  100 
9.1.4  Bread (including small bakery wa res), pastries, 
biscuits, cereal snacks and breakfast cereals, excluding 
maize -snacks and maize -based breakfast cereals , 
exception of foodstuffs listed in  9.1.3 (11) 50 
9.1.5  Unprocessed cereals other than maize (2) (11) 100 
9.2 Refined maize oil  400 
9.3 Food for infant and young child(4)  
9.3.1  Baby food(9)(11)  20(10) (1) Oilseeds include R apeseed s, Sunflower seed s, Melon seeds , Soybeans  and 
Linseed s etc.  
(2) "raw material " means it’s must intended for further processing, intended 
to undergo an additional sorting or treatment  that has proven to reduce 
levels of myco toxins before being used as an ingredient in foodstuffs, 
otherwise processed or offered for human consumption.  
(3) Milk is the normal mammary secretion of milkin g animals obtained from 
one or more milkings without either addition to it or extraction from it, 
intended for consumption as liquid milk or for further processing.  
A concentration factor applies to partially or wholly dehydrated milks  
(e.g. e vaporated mil k, condensed milk  and m ilk powders ). 
(4)The term infant means a person not more than 12 months of age.  The term 
young child means a person from the age of more than 12 months up to the 
age of three years (36 months).  
(5)Infant formula means a breast -milk substitute specially manufactured to 
satisfy, by itself, the nutritional requirements of infants from birth to six 
months of age up to the introduction of appropriate complementary 
feeding.  
(6)Follow -up infant formula means a food intended for use as formu la of the 
weaning diet for the infant from six months to twelve months of age. Not 
suitable alone for infants under six months consumption. 
(7)The ML refers to the products ready to use  (marketed as such or after 
reconstitution as instructed by the manufac turer).  
(8)Infant formula for special medical purposes means a substitute for human 
milk or infant formula, by itself, the special nutritional requirements of 
infants with specific disorder, disease or medical condition during the first 
months of life up t o the introduction of appropriate complementary 
feeding.  
(9)Baby food means food intended to fulfil the particular requirements of 
infants in good health while they are being weaned, and of young children 
in good health as a supplement to their diet and/or  for their progressive 
adaptation to ordinary food, including use of cereal, fruits, vegetables, 
meat or other food ingredients as mainly materials, or rusks and biscuits.  
(10)Dry weight basis.  
(11)Rice and rice products are not applicable . 
 
 
  Appendix 3. Maximum levels (ML)  of other contaminants and 
toxins  
1. 3-Monochloropropane -1,2-diol (3-MCPD） 
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
1.1 Soy sauce and soy sauce -based 
condiments  (1) 0.4 
2. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs )  
Foodstuffs  ML (µg/kg)  
Benzo(a)pyrene  4PAHs(2) 
2.1 Edible fats and oils    
2.1.1  Edible fats and oils  (excluding cocoa 
butter and coconut oil) intended for direct 
human consumption or use as an 
ingredient in food  2.0 10.0 
2.1.2 Coconut oil intended for direct 
human consumption or use as an 
ingredient in food  2.0 20.0 
2.2 Cocoa beans and derived products  5.0 30.0 
2.3 Meat and meat products    
2.3.1 Smoked meat and smoked meat 
products  2.0 12.0 
2.3.2 H eat treated meat and heat treated 
meat products sold to the final consumer(3) 5.0 30.0 
2.4 A quatic animal    
2.4.1 Muscle meat of smoked fish and 
smoked fishery products (4), exception  
fishery products listed in points 2.4.2 , 2.4.3  
and 2.4.4. The ML for smoked crustaceans 
applies to muscle meat from appendages 
and abdomen. In case of smoked crabs and 
crab-like crustaceans ( Brachyura  and 
Anomura ) it applies to muscle meat from 
appendages.  2.0 12.0 
2.4.2 Smoked sprats and canned smoked 
sprats ( Sprattu s sprattus ) (4); Smoked 
Baltic herring ≦ 14 cm length and 
canned smoked Baltic herring ≦ 14 cm 
length ( Clupea harengus membras ) (4) 5.0 30.0 
2.4.3 Katsuobushi (dried bonito, 
Katsuwonus pelamis ); 5.0 30.0 
2.4.4 Smoked b ivalve molluscs  6.0 35.0 2.4.5 Bivalve molluscs (fresh, chilled or 
frozen) (5) 5.0 30.0 
2.8 Food for infant and young child(6)   
2.8.1  Infant formulae(8) and follow -up 
infant formula(9)(7)  1.0 1.0 
2.8.2  Infant formula for special medical 
purposes  (7)  1.0 1.0 
2.8.3  Baby food(7)(10)   1.0 1.0 
3. Plant toxins                                               
3.1 Hydrocyanic acid  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
3.1.1  Cassava flour  10(11) 
3.1.2 Gari  2(12) 
3.2 Gossypol  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
3.2.1  Edible cotton seed oil  Not detected(13) 
3.3 Glycoalkaloids, total (sum of alpha -solanine and alpha -chaconine)  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
3.3.1 Potato tubers (fresh weight)  200 
3.4 Erucic acid  
Foodstuffs  ML (g/kg)(14) 
3.4.1  Edible fats and oils  50  
3.4.2  Low-erucic  acid rapeseed oil (as % of 
total fatty acids).  20  
3.4.3 Foods containing added vegetable 
oils and fats, exception of foodstuffs listed 
in 3.4.4.  50 
3.4.4 Infant formulae(8) and follow -up 
infant formula  (9) 10  
4. Marine biotoxins                                           
4.1 Paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP)  
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
4.1.1 T he edible parts of live bivalve 
mollus k (saxitoxin equivalent ) 0.8 
4.2 Diarrhetic shellfish poisons (DSP ） 
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
4.2.1  The edible parts of live bivalve 
mollus k (okadaic equivalent ) 0.16 
4.3 Amnesic shellfish poisons (ASP ） 
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
4.3.1 T he edible parts of live bivalve 
mollus k (domoic acid ) 20 4.4 Azaspiracid (AZP ） 
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
4.4.1 T he edible parts of live bivalve 
mollus k 0.16 
4.5 Neurotoxic shellfish poisons (NSP) - Brevetoxin (BTX) *  
Foodstuffs  ML (MU/kg)  
4.5.1  The edible parts of live bivalve 
mollusk  200(15) 
5. Pheophorbide   
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/100g)  
Existing 
pheophorbide  Total 
pheophorbide  
5.1 Green algae  (16) 60 80 
5.2 Blue algae  (16) 50 100 
6. Volatile basic nitrogen (VBN)               
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/100 g)  
6.1 U nprocessed fishery products   
6.1.1 S pecies belonging to the 
Pleuronectidae  family , exception of 
halibut: Hippoglossus  spp.).  30 
6.1.2 Salmo salar , species belonging to the 
Merlucciidae  family, species belonging to 
the Gadidae  family.  35 
6.1.3 Elasmobranchii  (Selachimorpha , 
Batoidea ) 50 
6.1.4 Other unprocessed fishery products , 
exception of foodstuffs listed in 6.1.1, 
6.1.2 and 6.1.3. 25 
6.2 Fishes and shellfishes to be eaten raw  15 
7. Histamine                                      
Foodstuffs  ML (mg/kg)  
7.1 Fishery products from fish species 
associated with a high amount of  histidine(17)  100(18) 
7.2 Fishery products which have undergone 
enzyme maturation treatment in brine,  
manufactured from fish species associated 
with a high amount of histidine(17), for 
example, the  fermented fish sauces and 
pastes.  200(18) 
(1) “Soy sauce and soy sauce -based condiments”  such as soy sauce paste, oyster 
soy sauce etc. The maximum level  applies to l iquid condiments containing 
acid hydrolyzed vegetable proteins , does not apply to naturally fermented soy sauce.  
(2)"4PAHs" means sum o f benzo(a)pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, 
benzo(b)fluoranthene and chrysene  
(3)Meat and meat products that have undergone a heat treatment potentially 
resulting in formation of PAH, i.e. only grilling and  barbecuing. 
(4)Where fish are intended to be eaten whole , the maximum level  shall apply to 
the whole fish.  
(5)In case of Pecten maximus , the maximum level  applies to the adductor 
muscle and gonad only.  
(6)The term infant means a person not more than 12 months of age.  The term 
young child means a person from the  age of more than 12 months up to the 
age of three years (36 months).  
(7)The maximum level refers to the product as sold.  
(8)Infant formula means a breast -milk substitute specially manufactured to 
satisfy, by itself, the nutritional requirements of infants  from birth to six 
months of age up to the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding.  
(9)Follow -up infant formula means a food intended for use as formula of the 
weaning diet for the infant from six months to twelve months of age. Not 
suitable alone for infants under six months consumption.  
(10)Baby food means food intended to fulfil the particular requirements of 
infants in good health while they are being weaned, and of young children 
in good health as a supplement to their diet and/or for the ir progressive 
adaptation to ordinary food, including use of cereal, fruits, vegetables, meat 
or other food ingredients as mainly materials, or rusks and biscuits.  
(11)The maximum level  is expressed as total hydrocyanic acid . 
(12)The maximum level  is expre ssed as free hydrocyanic acid.  
(13) The detection limit of analysis method is 0.05 ppm for free form gossypol 
and 1 ppm of total gossypol . 
(14) The maximum level  refers to the level of erucic acid, calculated on the total 
level of fatty acids in the fat co mponent in food.  
(15) Mouse units or equivalent . 
(16)The maximum level  is applied to green algae and blue algae which moisture 
content is less than 7%. Fresh products, red algae and brown algae are not 
applied.  
(17)The species of Scombridae , Clupeidae , Engraulidae , Coryfenidae , 
Pomatomidae  and Scombresosidae  families.  
(18) Products placed on the market during their shelf -life