1 Attachment  
Draft Amendments to the Fuel Economy Test Method for 
Motorcycles 
1. Test items
1.1 Fuel economy of motorcycles tested by using simulated urban driving cycle.
1.2 Fuel economy of motorcycles tested by using  simulated  constant speed driving
cycle.  
2. Test conditions
2.1 Motorcycle conditions:
2.1.1 Only necessary power  should be used during the test.  
2.1.2 If the motorcycle engine is equipped with engine coolant, fan control and 
temperature control device  etc., all devices should be in  normal  operation 
conditions . 
2.1.3 Before testing, the motorcycle may run in to the minimum mileage as the 
manufacturer proclaimed to stabilize the fuel economy test results. For new 
vehicles the run in mileage  muse comply with the regulated mileage by the 
competent authority.  
2.1.4 The previous mentioned run in process before the test may be performed on 
real road or on chassis dynamometer.  
2.1.5 The idle speed must be adjusted according to the recommended rang e by the 
original manufacturer and should be remark ed in the test results form ( Table 
1). 
2.1.6 The motorcycle tire s must be the same as the registered test vehicle type, the 
tire pressure set ting should be the same as the original manufactur er’s 
specification . If the diameter of chassis dynamometer roller is equal or less 
than 500 mm, or dual -rollers are used, the tire pressure may be increa sed by 
30% to 50% and  this information  should be remarked  in the test results 
form.  
2.1.7 If the motorcycle test is conducted on a chassis dynamometer, the load 
should be simulated by using the motorcycle’s inertia mass  (Equivalent 
Inertia Mass); The curb mass is defined as the mass of motorcycle under no 
load condition and its fuel tank filled to at least  90% of its capacity , engine 
oil, coolant, and fitted with standard equipment  in accordance with the 
original manufacturer ’s specifications . The motorcycle reference mass is 
defined as the curb mass plus75 kg. The equivalent inertia mass  should be 
approximated t o the reference  mass, the detailed correlation  descriptions are 
as shown in Table2.  
2.1.8 Ambient conditions:  2 Temperature: 20 ℃-30℃. 
Absolute humidity: 5.5 -12.2 gH2O/kg dry air.  
2.2 The exhaust gases analysis and measurement equipment for the fuel economy t est 
should comply  with the EPA regulation of “ The Exhaust  Emission s Test Method s 
and Procedures  for Motorcycles ”. 
2.3 The settings of chassis dynamometer and accuracy requirements for the test should 
comply with the requirements describ ed in Appendix 2.  
2.4 Reference ambient conditions:  
Barometric pressure: 101.3kPa.  
Temperature: 25°C.  
2.5 Air density:  
2.5.1 Air density  should  be calculated by using the following equation:  
TrHrdo dr 94.2
 
Where:  
dr : air density during the test (g/m l). 
do: refer ence ambient air density (g/m l). 
Hr: Barometric pressure during the test (kPa) . 
Tr: Absolute temperature during the test (K).  
2.5.2 When measuring the fuel economy of motorcycle, the calculated air density 
by using the above equation, the result value must not deviate by more than 
±7.5% from the reference ambient air density value.  
3.  Fuel economy calculation for the motorcycle test using simulated urban driving cycle  
3.1 Simulated urban driving cycle:  
3.1.1. For motorcycles that applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017, one test 
under the driving cycle a s shown in F igure 1 should be conducted to get test 
results, the duration is 600 seconds. The motorcycle classification is based 
on engine capacity  and maximum speed of motorcycles ( Table3), the test 
may be performed by using normal speed mode or deceased speed mode as 
driving cycle selection.  
3.1.2. For motorcycles that applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017, six 
consecutive operation s of the driving cycle as shown in F igure 2 should  be 
conducted to get test results, the duration is 1,170 seconds.  
3.2 Fuel economy test:  
3.2.1. When conducting the motorcycle urban driving cycle fuel economy test, the 
gear positions during acceleration, deceleration, or with constant speed , the 
deviatio n tolerance from stipulated requirements during acceleration, 3 deceleration, constant speed , idling process and between real vehicle speed 
and regulated vehicle speed should be in accordance with the EPA 
regulation  of” The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods and  Procedures for 
Motorcycles”.  
3.2.2. Before the urban driving cycle test can be conducted, the motorcycle should 
be soaked 6~36 hours in a soaking room or when the difference between its 
engine oil or coolant temperature and the ambient temperature is with in ±2
℃. The ambient temperature of the soaking room should be between 20 ℃ 
and 30℃. 
3.3 Calculation of test results  
The fuel economy of driving cycle test should be calculated by using the 
following equation:  
3.3.1. For motorcycles that applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards” effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017.  
C=100×D /(0.118 ×(0.848 ×HC+0.429 ×CO+0.273 ×CO2)) 
 
3.3.2. For motorcycles that applicable to the EPA regulation of the “Vehicular 
Pollutant Emission Standards”  effective prior  to Jan. 1, 2017 . 
) 12722 6.0() 273.0 429.0 (10 3179
24

NHVS CO CO HC CWFS CWF
C
gg
 
Where:  
C: Fuel economy (km/L) . 
D: Test fuel density at 15 ℃ambient temperature.  
HC: From sampled emissions and according to p rovision  3.2.1 calculated 
HC value in g/km, and rounded to three decimal places . 
CO: From sampled emissions and according to p rovision  3.2.1 calculated 
CO value in g/km, and rounded to two decimal places . 
CO 2: From sampled emissions and according to provision  3.2.1 calculated 
CO 2 value in g/km, and rounded to one decimal place . 
CWF: Carbon weight fraction  of test fuel . 
NHV: Net heating value of test fue l (J/g).  
Sg: Specific weight of test fuel.  
 
4. Fuel economy calculation for the test using simulated constant  speed driving cycle  
4.1 Motorcycles with engine capacities  of 50 cc and under, should conduct the test by 
using  constant  vehicle speed of 40 km/h. If the motorcycle’ s maximum speed could 
not reach to 40 km/h, then using its maximum speed for the test and remarked in 
the test report. Motorcycle s with other engine capacity  class es, a constant vehicle 
speed of 50 km/h should be used for the fuel economy test.  4 4.2 When conducting the motorcycle constant speed fuel economy test, the gear 
shifting positions should be in accordance with the original manufacturer’s 
recommendations.  
4.3 Fuel economy test:  
4.3.1. Before conducting the fuel economy test, the motorcycle should be driven 
for at least 10 kilometers (warm -up) with designated speed as stipulated in 
provision  1. 
4.3.2.  After motorcycle warm -up, conducting three times the fuel economy 
measurement s and calculation s with the designated vehicle speed as 
stipulated in p rovision  1. For each fuel economy measurement, the travel 
distance should be at least 2 kil ometers.  
4.4 For each of the previous mentioned constant speed fuel economy test, the fuel 
economy value should be calculated by using the equation described in 3.3, and the 
calculated arithmetic mean value should be utilized as the fuel economy test result.  5 Appendix  1 Test fuel specifications  
The test fuel must comply with the specifications that prescribed in  the EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for Motorcycles” .  
 
Appendix 2   Chassis dynamometer  
1. The chassis dynamometer should be able to simulate the driving resistance on the road, 
the reference mass and provide cooling function for component parts  of the motorcycle . 
2. The driving resistance provided by the Chassis Dynamometer should be calculated  by 
using the following equation:  
2bVaF
 
Where:  
F:  Driving resistance provided by the chassis dynamometer (N) . 
a:  Front wheel rolling resistance (N), the values are as shown  in Table 2 . 
b: Air resistance  coefficient （N/（km/h）2）, the values  are as shown in Table 2.  
V: Driving speed (km/h).  
3. Equivalent inertia mass  of the vehicle: The motorcycle’ s reference mass should be 
simulated by the inertia mass when testing on chassis dynamometer; the correlation s 
between reference mass and equivalen t inertia mass  are as shown  in Table 2.  
4. When performing the motorcycle test on a chassis dynamometer, a cooling fan should 
be located and facing  the opposite of vehicle driving direction. The outlet area of the 
cooling fan should be at least 0.4m2, its wind speed should be simultaneously varied 
with vehicle speed; when the vehicle speed is above 10km/h, and the  accuracy  of wind 
speed should be within ±10%. The distance between the lowest edge of fan outlet and 
flour should be between 0.05m to 0.2m.  The distance between fan outlet and front 
wheel of the motorcycle should be between 0.3m to 0.45m.  
5. Accuracy: When simulates driving resistance for conducting the motorcycle test on a 
chassis dynamometer, if the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to 50 km/h, the 
deviation should be less than or equal to 2% , when the vehicle speed is g reater than or 
equal to 30 km/h  but lower than 50 km/h, the deviation should be less than or equal to 
3%, when the vehicle speed is lower than 30 km/h, the deviation should be less than or 
equal to 10%.  
6. The mass of the drive r must be within 75±5  kg. 
 
Appendix 3   Standard Urban Driving Cycle  
1. The definition of Urban Driving Cycle  
To conduct motorcycle test on a chassis dynamometer should be in accordance with 
driving cycles as shown in Table 4 or Table 5, the correlation between vehicle  speed 
and time is as shown in Figure 1 or F igure2.  
2. Gear shifting timing  6 The motorcycle gear shifting should comply with the EPA regulation of “The Exhaust 
Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for Motorcycles”; when in acceleration, the 
principle is as smooth as possible.  
3. Deviation tolerance  
When driving motorcycle on a chassis dynamometer, the speed difference between the 
vehicle and Driving Cycle setting should be less than ±3.2 km/h, and the time 
difference should be within 1 second, as shown in figure 1; when driving by following 
the driving cycle as shown in figure 2, the speed difference should be less than 1 km/h 
and within 0.5 seconds for time difference.  
4. Idle Speed  
When in idling, the principle is to release the clutch, gear in neutral position, and 
throttle in closed idle position.  
5. Acceleration  
5.1 During acceleration, try to maintain constant acceleration.  
5.2 If the maximum acceleration of the motorcycle could not r each the settings of the 
Driving Cycle, then full throttle should be used to accelerate the motorcycle to the 
final speed of that acceleration period of driving cycle. The time increased should 
be compensated by the time deduction from the following consta nt speed driving 
cycle duration.  
6. Deceleration  
6.1 During deceleration, try to maintain constant deceleration. For the following 
conditions, the clutch should be released.  
6.1.1 Vehicle speed has decreased to less than 10 km/h.  
6.1.2 Engine speed  has decreased to less than n idle+0.03 ×(s－nidle) : 
Where:  
nidle: engine idle speed   
 s: nominal engine speed  
6.1.3 In cold start condition during which there is a risk of engine stall.  
6.2 If the deceleration time exceeds the driving cycle deceleration setting,  then use 
brake properly.  
6.3 For motorcycle to reach the driving cycle designated constant speed or idling 
duration by release the throttle pedal or by using brake . If the above mentioned 
necessary deceleration time is less than the driving cycle stipulated time, the 
reduced time should be compensated by adding the following driving cycle’s 
constant speed or idling duration  time, or by using  throttle  pedal or brake to 
follow the pattern of driving cycle.    
6.4 When the motorcycle is decelerated to zero vehicle speed, its gear position should 
be in neutral and with clutch released.  
7. Constant speed  7 In the middle of motorc ycle testing , when the  driving pattern  is changed from 
acceleration to constant speed duration, the increase of vehicle speed should not exceed 
the allowed tolerance.  
 8 Table 1 Test Results Form  
Test Report Number   Client   Test Date  Yr  Mo  Day  
Vehicle  Engine  Transmission  
Make   Engine Type   Transmission Type   
Country of Manufacture   Engine I dentification No.   Gear Type   
Vehicle Type   Engine Capacity  L 
gear ratio  1st  
Vehicle Category   Bore × Stroke  mm×mm  2nd  
Year of Production   Cylinder Numbers   3rd  
Vehicle Condition   Idle Speed   rpm 4th  
Width  cm Maximum Power  kW，在 at      rpm 5th  
Height  cm Maximum Torque  Nm，在 at      rpm 6th  
Wheelbase  cm Fuel  7th  
Curb Mass  kg Fuel Supply Method   8th  
Reference Mass  kg Turbo -Charge Device   9th  
Equivalent Inertia Mass  kg   Remark  
Resistance     Test Results  
T i r e  B r a n d     Simulated Driving Cycle   
Front/Rear Tire Spec .    CO(Carbon Monoxide)  □mg/km □ g/km  
Tire Pressure  Fr：    kg/cm2，Re：    kg/cm2   HC(Hydrocarbons)  □mg/km □g/km  
Travel Mileage  km   NMHC (Non -Methane 
Hydrocarbons)  □mg/km □g/km  
    NO x (Nitrogen Oxides)  □mg/km □g/km  
    Urban Fuel Economy  km/l 
    Constant Speed (Extra Urban, 
Highway) Fuel Economy  
 km/l 
    Combined Fuel Economy  km/l 
    Urban CO 2 Test Result  □mg/km □g/km  
    Constant Speed (Extra Urban, 
Highway)  CO 2 Test Result  □mg/km □g/km  
    Combined CO 2 Test Result  □mg/km □g/km  9  
Table 2  Correlation between vehicle reference mass and equivalent inertia mass  
 
 Reference Mass  
 mref（kg） Equivalent Inertia 
Mass 
mi（kg） Front Wheel  
Rolling Resistance  
‘a’（N） Coefficient of Air 
Resistance (remark)  
‘b’（N/（km/h）2）  
95 < m ref ≦ 105 100 8.8 0.0215  
105 < m ref ≦ 115 110 9.7 0.0217  
115 < m ref ≦ 125 120 10.6 0.0218  
125 < m ref ≦ 135 130 11.4 0.0220  
135 < m ref ≦ 145 140 12.3 0.0221  
145 < m ref ≦ 155 150 13.2 0.0223  
155 < m ref ≦ 165 160 14.1 0.0224  
165 < m ref ≦ 175 170 15.0 0.0226  
175 < m ref ≦ 185 180 15.8 0.0227  
185 < m ref ≦ 195 190 16.7 0.0229  
195 < m ref ≦ 205 200 17.6 0.0230  
205 < m ref ≦ 215 210 18.5 0.0232  
215 < m ref ≦ 225 220 19.4 0.0233  
225 < m ref ≦ 235 230 20.2 0.0235  
235 < m ref ≦ 245 240 21.1 0.0236  
245 < m ref ≦ 255 250 22.0 0.0238  
255 < m ref ≦ 265 260 22.9 0.0239  
265 < m ref ≦ 275 270 23.8 0.0241  
275 < m ref ≦ 285 280 24.6 0.0242  
285 < m ref ≦ 295 290 25.5 0.0244  
295 < m ref ≦ 305 300 26.4 0.0245  
305 < m ref ≦ 315 310 27.3 0.0247  
315 < m ref ≦ 325 320 28.2 0.0248  
325 < m ref ≦ 335 330 29.0 0.0250  
335 < m ref ≦ 345 340 29.9 0.0251  
345 < m ref ≦ 355 350 30.8 0.0253  10 355 < m ref ≦ 365 360 31.7 0.0254  
365 < m ref ≦ 375 370 32.6 0.0256  
375 < m ref ≦ 385 380 33.4 0.0257  
385 < m ref ≦ 395 390 34.3 0.0259  
395 < m ref ≦ 405 400 35.2 0.0260  
405 < m ref ≦ 415 410 36.1 0.0262  
415 < m ref ≦ 425 420 37.0 0.0263  
425 < m ref ≦ 435 430 37.8 0.0265  
435 < m ref ≦ 445 440 38.7 0.0266  
445 < m ref ≦ 455 450 39.6 0.0268  
455 < m ref ≦ 465 460 40.5 0.0269  
465 < m ref ≦ 475 470 41.4 0.0271  
475 < m ref ≦ 485 480 42.2 0.0272  
485 < m ref ≦ 495 490 43.1 0.0274  
495 < m ref ≦ 505 500 44.0 0.0275  
Class increment  
per 10kg  Class increment 
per 10kg  a = 0.088m i 
Rounded to 2 
decimal places  b = 0.000015m i + 
0.0200  
Rounded to 5 
decimal places  
Remark: above mentioned b values, its adjustments should be in accordance with the 
EPA regulation of “The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods and Procedures for 
Motorcycles ”. 
 
  11  
Table 3  Applicable driving cycle modes for different motorcycle classes  
 Vehicle Classification  Mode  
Class  Engine 
Capacity ( ec) Maximum Speed ( Vmax)  Reduced  
Speed  Normal 
Speed  
CLASS 1  ec<150c.c.  Vmax<100kph  ※ 
 
CLASS 2  subclass 2 -1 ec<150c.c.  100kph≦Vmax <115kph  
※ 
 ec≧150c.c.  Vmax<115kph  
subclass 2 -2 
 115kph≦Vmax<130kph  
 ※ 
CLASS 3  subclass 3 -1 
 130kph≦Vmax<140kph  
 ※ 
subclass 3 -2  Vmax≧140kph  
 ※ 
ec>1,500c.c.    ※ 12  
Table 4 Motorcycle  Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles that applicable to the emission 
standards effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017)  
T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  T 
(s) N 
km/h  R 
km/h  
0 0,0 0,0 61 29,7 29,6 122 32,8 33,0 183 2,0 0,0 244 32,7 40,9 305 26,9 26,9 366 27,3 27,3 427 40,7 40,7 488 8,8 8,8 549 43,1 33,1 
1 0,0 0,0 62 27,0 26,9 123 34,3 34,4 184 6,0 0,0 245 30,6 36,9 306 26,5 26,5 367 28,4 28,3 428 41,5 41,4 489 13,4 13,4 550 44,6 35,7 
2 0,0 0,0 63 23,0 23,0 124 35,1 35,2 185 12,4 0,4 246 28,1 32,1 307 26,1 26,1 368 29,2 29,2 429 41,7 41,7 490 17,3 17,3 551 45,2 38,3 
3 0,0 0,0 64 18,7 18,6 125 35,3 35,4 186 21,4 1,8 247 25,5 26,6 308 25,7 25,7 369 29,5 29,5 430 41,5 41,4 491 19,2 19,2 552 45,3 41,0 
4 0,0 0,0 65 14,2 14,1 126 35,1 35,2 187 30,0 5,4 248 23,1 21,8 309 25,5 25,5 370 29,5 29,4 431 41,0 40,9 492 19,7 19,7 553 45,4 43,6 
5 0,0 0,0 66 9,4 9,3 127 34,6 34,7 188 37,1 11,1 249 21,2 17,2 310 25,7 25,7 371 29,0 28,9 432 40,6 40,5 493 19,8 19,8 554 45,5 43,7 
6 0,0 0,0 67 4,9 4,8 128 33,7 33,9 189 42,5 16,7 250 19,5 13,7 311 26,4 26,4 372 28,1 28,1 433 40,3 40,2 494 20,7 20,7 555 45,6 43,8 
7 0,0 0,0 68 2,0 1,9 129 32,2 32,4 190 46,6 21,3 251 17,8 10,3 312 27,3 27,3 373 27,2 27,1 434 40,2 40,1 495 23,6 23,7 556 45,7 43,9 
8 0,0 0,0 69 0,0 0,0 130 29,6 29,8 191 49,8 24,8 252 15,3 7,0 313 28,1 28,1 374 26,3 26,3 435 40,1 40,1 496 28,1 27,9 557 45,8 44,0 
9 0,0 0,0 70 0,0 0,0 131 26,0 26,1 192 52,4 28,4 253 11,5 3,5 314 27,9 27,9 375 25,7 25,7 436 39,8 39,8 497 32,8 31,9 558 45,9 44,1 
10 0,0 0,0 71 0,0 0,0 132 22,0 22,1 193 54,4 31,8 254 7,2 0,0 315 26,0 26,0 376 25,5 25,5 437 38,9 38,9 498 36,3 35,4 559 46,0 44,2 
11 0,0 0,0 72 0,0 0,0 133 18,5 18,6 194 55,6 34,6 255 2,5 0,0 316 22,7 22,7 377 25,6 25,6 438 37,5 37,4 499 37,1 36,2 560 46,1 44,3 
12 0,0 0,0 73 0,0 0,0 134 16,6 16,8 195 56,1 36,3 256 0,0 0,0 317 19,0 19,0 378 26,0 25,9 439 35,8 35,8 500 35,1 34,2 561 46,2 44,4 
13 0,0 0,0 74 1,7 1,7 135 17,6 17,7 196 56,2 37,8 257 0,0 0,0 318 16,0 16,0 379 26,4 26,3 440 34,2 34,1 501 31,1 30,2 562 46,3 44,5 
14 0,0 0,0 75 5,8 5,8 136 21,0 21,1 197 56,2 39,6 258 0,0 0,0 319 14,6 14,6 380 27,0 26,9 441 32,5 32,5 502 28,0 27,1 563 46,4 44,6 
15 0,0 0,0 76 11,8 11,8 137 25,2 25,4 198 56,2 41,3 259 0,0 0,0 320 15,2 15,2 381 27,7 27,6 442 30,9 30,9 503 27,5 26,6 564 46,7 44,9 
16 0,0 0,0 77 18,3 17,3 138 29,1 29,2 199 56,7 43,3 260 0,0 0,0 321 16,9 16,9 382 28,5 28,4 443 29,4 29,4 504 29,5 28,6 565 47,2 45,5 
17 0,0 0,0 78 24,5 22,0 139 31,4 31,6 200 57,2 45,1 261 0,0 0,0 322 19,3 19,3 383 29,4 29,3 444 28,0 27,9 505 34,0 32,6 566 48,0 46,3 
18 0,0 0,0 79 29,4 26,2 140 31,9 32,1 201 57,7 47,5 262 0,0 0,0 323 22,0 22,0 384 30,2 30,1 445 26,5 26,5 506 37,0 35,5 567 48,9 47,1 
19 0,0 0,0 80 32,5 29,4 141 31,4 31,6 202 58,2 49,0 263 0,0 0,0 324 24,6 24,6 385 30,5 30,4 446 25,0 25,0 507 38,0 36,6 568 49,8 48,0 
20 0,0 0,0 81 34,2 31,1 142 30,6 30,7 203 58,7 50,0 264 0,0 0,0 325 26,8 26,8 386 30,3 30,2 447 23,5 23,4 508 36,1 34,6 569 50,5 48,7 
21 0,0 0,0 82 34,4 32,9 143 29,5 29,7 204 59,3 49,5 265 0,0 0,0 326 27,9 27,9 387 29,5 29,5 448 21,9 21,8 509 31,5 30,0 570 51,0 49,2 
22 1,0 1,0 83 34,5 34,7 144 28,0 28,1 205 59,8 48,8 266 0,0 0,0 327 28,1 28,0 388 28,7 28,6 449 20,4 20,3 510 24,5 23,1 571 51,1 49,4 
23 2,6 2,6 84 34,6 34,8 145 24,9 25,0 206 60,0 47,6 267 0,5 0,5 328 27,7 27,7 389 27,9 27,9 450 19,4 19,3 511 17,5 16,7 572 51,0 49,3 
24 4,8 4,8 85 34,7 34,8 146 20,2 20,3 207 60,0 46,5 268 2,9 2,9 329 27,2 27,1 390 27,5 27,5 451 18,8 18,7 512 10,5 10,7 573 50,4 48,7 
25 7,2 7,2 86 34,8 34,9 147 14,8 15,0 208 59,9 46,1 269 8,2 8,2 330 26,8 26,8 391 27,3 27,2 452 18,4 18,3 513 4,5 4,7 574 49,0 47,3 
26 9,6 9,6 87 35,2 35,4 148 9,5 9,7 209 59,9 46,1 270 13,2 13,2 331 26,6 26,6 392 27,0 26,9 453 18,0 17,8 514 1,0 1,2 575 46,7 45,0 
27 12,0 12,0 88 36,0 36,2 149 4,8 5,0 210 59,9 46,6 271 17,8 17,8 332 26,8 26,8 393 26,5 26,4 454 17,5 17,4 515 0,0 0,0 576 44,0 42,3 
28 14,3 14,3 89 37,0 37,1 150 1,4 1,6 211 59,9 46,9 272 21,4 21,4 333 27,0 27,0 394 25,8 25,7 455 16,9 16,8 516 0,0 0,0 577 41,1 39,5 
29 16,6 16,6 90 37,9 38,0 151 0,0 0,0 212 59,9 47,2 273 24,1 24,1 334 27,2 27,2 395 25,0 24,9 456 16,4 16,3 517 0,0 0,0 578 38,3 36,6 
30 18,9 18,9 91 38,6 38,7 152 0,0 0,0 213 59,8 47,8 274 26,4 26,4 335 27,4 27,4 396 21,5 21,4 457 16,6 16,5 518 0,0 0,0 579 35,4 33,7 
31 21,2 21,2 92 38,8 38,9 153 0,0 0,0 214 59,6 48,4 275 28,4 28,4 336 27,6 27,5 397 16,0 15,9 458 17,7 17,6 519 2,9 3,0 580 31,8 30,1 
32 23,5 23,5 93 38,8 38,9 154 0,0 0,0 215 59,1 48,9 276 29,9 29,9 337 27,7 27,7 398 10,0 9,9 459 19,4 19,2 520 8,0 8,2 581 27,3 26,0 
33 25,6 25,6 94 38,7 38,8 155 0,0 0,0 216 57,1 49,2 277 30,5 30,5 338 27,9 27,9 399 5,0 4,9 460 20,9 20,8 521 16,0 14,3 582 22,4 21,8 
34 27,1 27,1 95 38,5 38,5 156 0,0 0,0 217 53,2 49,6 278 30,5 30,5 339 28,1 28,1 400 2,2 2,1 461 22,3 22,2 522 24,0 19,3 583 17,7 17,7 
35 28,0 28,0 96 38,0 38,1 157 0,0 0,0 218 48,3 49,9 279 30,3 30,3 340 28,3 28,3 401 1,0 0,9 462 23,2 23,0 523 32,0 23,5 584 13,4 13,5 
36 28,7 28,7 97 37,4 37,5 158 0,0 0,0 219 43,9 50,0 280 30,2 30,2 341 28,6 28,6 402 0,0 0,0 463 23,2 23,0 524 38,8 27,3 585 9,3 9,4 
37 29,2 29,2 98 36,9 37,0 159 0,0 0,0 220 40,3 49,8 281 30,1 30,1 342 29,0 29,1 403 0,0 0,0 464 22,2 22,0 525 43,1 30,8 586 5,5 5,6 
38 29,8 29,8 99 36,6 36,7 160 0,0 0,0 221 39,5 49,5 282 30,1 30,1 343 29,6 29,6 404 0,0 0,0 465 20,3 20,1 526 46,0 33,7 587 2,0 2,1 
39 30,4 30,3 100 36,4 36,5 161 0,0 0,0 222 41,3 49,2 283 30,1 30,1 344 30,1 30,1 405 0,0 0,0 466 17,9 17,7 527 47,5 35,2 588 0,0 0,0 
40 29,6 29,6 101 36,4 36,5 162 0,0 0,0 223 45,2 49,3 284 30,1 30,2 345 30,5 30,6 406 0,0 0,0 467 15,2 15,0 528 47,5 35,2 589 0,0 0,0 
41 28,7 28,7 102 36,5 36,6 163 0,0 0,0 224 50,1 49,4 285 30,1 30,2 346 30,7 30,8 407 0,0 0,0 468 12,3 12,1 529 44,8 32,5 590 0,0 0,0 
42 27,9 27,9 103 36,7 36,8 164 0,0 0,0 225 53,7 49,4 286 30,1 30,2 347 30,8 30,8 408 1,2 1,2 469 9,3 9,1 530 40,1 27,9 591 0,0 0,0 
43 27,5 27,4 104 36,9 37,0 165 0,0 0,0 226 55,8 48,6 287 30,2 30,2 348 30,8 30,8 409 3,2 3,2 470 6,4 6,2 531 33,8 23,2 592 0,0 0,0 
44 27,3 27,3 105 37,0 37,1 166 0,0 0,0 227 55,8 47,8 288 30,4 30,5 349 30,8 30,8 410 5,9 5,9 471 3,8 3,6 532 27,2 18,5 593 0,0 0,0 
45 27,4 27,3 106 37,2 37,3 167 0,0 0,0 228 54,7 47,0 289 31,0 31,0 350 30,8 30,8 411 8,8 8,8 472 2,0 1,8 533 20,0 13,8 594 0,0 0,0 
46 27,5 27,4 107 37,3 37,4 168 0,0 0,0 229 53,3 46,9 290 31,8 31,9 351 30,8 30,8 412 12,0 12,0 473 0,9 0,8 534 12,8 9,1 595 0,0 0,0 
47 27,6 27,5 108 37,4 37,5 169 0,0 0,0 230 52,3 46,6 291 32,7 32,8 352 30,8 30,8 413 15,4 15,4 474 0,0 0,0 535 7,0 4,5 596 0,0 0,0 
48 27,6 27,6 109 37,3 37,4 170 0,0 0,0 231 52,0 46,6 292 33,6 33,7 353 30,8 30,8 414 18,9 18,9 475 0,0 0,0 536 2,2 2,3 597 0,0 0,0 
49 27,6 27,6 110 36,8 36,9 171 0,0 0,0 232 52,1 46,6 293 34,4 34,5 354 30,9 30,9 415 22,1 22,1 476 0,0 0,0 537 0,0 0,0 598 0,0 0,0 
50 27,7 27,6 111 35,8 36,0 172 0,0 0,0 233 51,8 46,9 294 35,0 35,1 355 30,9 30,9 416 24,8 24,7 477 0,0 0,0 538 0,0 0,0 599 0,0 0,0 
51 27,8 27,8 112 34,7 34,8 173 0,0 0,0 234 50,8 46,4 295 35,4 35,5 356 30,9 30,9 417 26,8 26,8 478 0,0 0,0 539 0,0 0,0 600 0,0 0,0 
52 28,1 28,1 113 31,8 31,9 174 0,0 0,0 235 49,2 45,6 296 35,5 35,6 357 30,8 30,8 418 28,7 28,7 479 0,0 0,0 540 0,0 0,0    
53 28,6 28,5 114 28,9 29,0 175 0,0 0,0 236 47,5 44,4 297 35,3 35,4 358 30,4 30,4 419 30,6 30,6 480 0,0 0,0 541 0,0 0,0    
54 29,0 28,9 115 26,7 26,9 176 0,0 0,0 237 45,7 43,5 298 34,9 35,0 359 29,6 29,6 420 32,4 32,4 481 0,0 0,0 542 2,7 2,8    
55 29,2 29,2 116 24,6 24,7 177 0,0 0,0 238 43,9 43,2 299 33,9 34,0 360 28,4 28,4 421 34,0 34,0 482 0,0 0,0 543 8,0 8,1    
56 29,5 29,4 117 25,2 25,4 178 0,0 0,0 239 42,0 43,3 300 32,4 32,4 361 27,1 27,1 422 35,4 35,4 483 0,0 0,0 544 16,0 14,3    
57 29,7 29,7 118 26,2 26,4 179 0,0 0,0 240 40,2 43,7 301 30,6 30,6 362 26,0 26,0 423 36,5 36,5 484 0,0 0,0 545 24,0 19,2    
58 30,1 30,0 119 27,6 27,7 180 0,0 0,0 241 38,3 43,9 302 28,9 29,0 363 25,4 25,4 424 37,5 37,5 485 0,0 0,0 546 32,0 23,5    
59 30,5 30,5 120 29,2 29,4 181 0,0 0,0 242 36,4 43,8 303 27,8 27,8 364 25,5 25,5 425 38,6 38,6 486 1,4 1,4 547 37,2 27,2    
60 30,7 30,6 121 31.0 31.2 182 0,0 0,0 243 34,6 43,0 304 27,2 27,2 365 26,3 26,3 426 39,7 39,6 487 4,5 4,5 548 40,4 30,5    
Remark： N：Normal Speed ； R：Reduced Speed ； T：Time  
 13 Table 5 Motorcycle  Urban Driving Cycle ((For moto rcycles that applicable to the emission standards effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017)  
 
Step Operating mode  Phase  Accelerate 
rate (m/s2) 
(m/s2) Vehicle speed  
(km/h)  Time (s)  Accumulated 
time 
(s) Manual gear shifting timing  Operate  section  
1 Idling  1  0 11 11 11 6s PM+5s K  
2 Accelerate  2 1.04 0-15 4 4 15 In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles”  3 Constant speed  3  15 8 8 23 
4 Decelerate  4 -0.69 15-10 2 5 25 
5 Decelerate ; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 28 K 
6 Idling  5  0 21 21 49 16s PM+5s K  
7 Accelerate  6 0.74 0-32 12 12 61 In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions Test Methods 
and Procedures for Motorcycles”  8 Constant speed  7  32 24 24 85 
9 Decelerate  8 -0.75 32-10 8 11 93 
10 Decelerate ; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 96 K 
11 Idling  9  0 21 21 117 16s PM+5s K  
12 Accelerate  10 0.53 0-50 26 26 143 
In accordance with EPA regulation of 
“The Exhaust Emissions T est Methods 
and Procedures for M otorcycles”  13 Constant speed  11  50 12 12 155 
14 Decelerate  12 -0.52 50-35 8 8 163 
15 Constant speed  13  35 13 13 176 
16 Decelerate  14 -0.68 35-10 9 12 185 
17 Decelerate ; declutch  -0.92 10-0 3 188 K 
18 Idling  15  0 7 7 195 7s PM  
note：PM=neutral ，clutch engaged   K=declutch  
 14  
 
Figure 1  Motorcycle  Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles that applicable to the emission 
standards effective on and after Jan. 1, 2017)  
 
 
 
Figure 2  Motorcycle  Urban Driving Cycle (For motorcycles that applicable to the emission 
standards effective prior to Jan. 1, 2017)  010203040506070
0 100 200 300 400 500 600Vehicle speed  (km/h)  
Time (s) Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle  Normal Speed Mode
Reduced Speed Mode
0102030405060
0 50 100 150 200Vehicle speed(km/h)  
 
Time(s) Motorcycle Urban Driving Cycle