WT/L/993  
 
18 November 2016  
(16-6349) Page: 1/16 
General Council  
7-8 December 2016  Original: English  
 
EUROPEAN UNION PREFE RENCES FOR ALBANIA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVI NA, 
CROATIA, THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF  MACEDONIA,  
MONTENEGRO, SERBIA A S WELL AS KOSOVO1 
REPORT OF THE EUROPE AN UNION UNDER THE D ECISION OF 30 NOVEMB ER 20112 COVERING 
THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY -31 DECEMBER 2015  
The following communication, dated 15 November  2016, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the European Union.  
 
_______________  
 
 
 
1  INTRODUCTION  
1.1.  On 8 December 2000, the European Union (EU) was granted a waiver (WT/L/380) from  its 
obligations under paragraph 1 of Article I of the GATT 1994 to the extent necessary to permit the 
European Union to afford duty -free or preferential treatment to eligible products originating in 
Albania, Bosnia -Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugosla v Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and 
Montenegro, without being required to extend the same duty -free or preferential treatment to like 
products of any other Member. This waiver expired on 31 December 2006.  
1.2.  With a view to maintaining the current system in  place, the EU requested two extensions of 
the Western Balkans Waiver, which were adopted by the WTO General Council at its meetings on 
27-28 July 2006 (WT/L/654) and on 30 November 2011 (WT/L/836), respectively. The waiver will 
expire on 31  December 2016 and covers products originating in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 
Croatia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia as well as Kosovo. 
Following the accession of Croatia to the European Union on 1 July 2013, Croatia is no longer 
covered by this waiver.  
1.3.  Under the terms of this waiver, the EU is required to submit to the General Council an annual 
report on the preferences and duty -free treatment afforded to products from the countries listed in 
paragraph 1, including the extent to w hich such preferences and duty -free treatment differ from 
the EU's MFN and GSP concessions, with a view to facilitating the annual review provided for in 
paragraph 4 of Article IX of the WTO Agreement. This report covers the calendar year 2015.  
1.4.  The EU trad e regime vis-à-vis these countries is currently regulated by the granting of 
autonomous trade preferences and by the conclusion of Stabilization and Association Agreements.  
2  AUTONOMOUS TRADE PRE FERENCES  
2.1.  Before 2000, the EU already had a liberal trade regim e towards the Western Balkans, 
allowing more than 80% of regional exports to enter  the European Union duty -free. On 
1 December 2000 the EU Council of Ministers extended the duty -free access to the EU market for 
products originating from this area even furt her. 
                                                
1  This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and 
the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.  
2 WT/L/836.  WT/L/993  
 
- 2 - 
 
  2.2.  The reason for such an extension was that the general level of imports from the Western 
Balkan countries remained very low, being less than one per cent of all EU imports. It was, 
therefore, considered appropriate to further improve the EU's autonomou s trade preferences by 
removing all remaining tariff ceilings for industrial and agricultural products and by further 
improving access to the EU market for agricultural and fishery products.  
2.3.  Further market opening also accompanied the enhanced process of p olitical and economic 
stabilization in the region into which the European Union engaged following the end of the Balkan 
wars in the 1990s.  Fully liberalized access to the markets of the EU is also foreseen as part of the 
Stabilization and Association Proc ess. In addition to the autonomous trade preferences, the 
Stabilization and Association Agreements facilitate this liberalization.  
3  THE STABILIZATION AN D ASSOCIATION AGREEM ENTS  
3.1.  The Stabilization and Association Agreements, which the EU is progressively conc luding with 
the countries of the Western Balkans, are tools which provide for the economic development and 
political stabilization of the countries in the region, and establish a close, long -term association 
between the EU and the Western Balkans.  
3.2.  The Stab ilization and Association Agreements aim at creating a free trade area for goods 
among the parties over a transitional period in line with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 and 
envisage a progressive and reciprocal liberalization of trade in services. Associat ed disciplines in 
areas such as competition and state aid rules, intellectual property, public procurement, etc. are 
also envisaged.  
3.3.  Five agreements of this kind have been concluded by the end of 2015: with the former 
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Albani a, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia. The 
Stabilization and Association Agreement with the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia entered 
into force on 1  April 2004, the one with Albania on 1  April 2009 a nd the one with Montenegro on 
1 May 2010 and with the Republic of Serbia on 1 September 2013. The Stabilization and 
Association Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina entered into force on 1 June 2015.  
3.4.  All the agreements establish a free trade area with the concerned country in line with the 
obligations foreseen in Article XXIV of the GATT  1994. At the same time they allow the 
continuation of the autonomous preferences where these provide more favourable conditions for 
the export of the goods originating in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoni a, Albania, Bosnia 
and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia.  
4  TRADE WITH THE COUNT RIES OF THE WESTERN BALKANS  
4.1.   In the year 2015 EU imports from the Western Balkans concentrated primarily on 
machinery, manufacturing and in fuels and mining products. Despite so me improvements 
comparing to the previous years, the trade balance for the countries of the Western Balkans 
remained negative for most sectors.  
4.2.  Statistical annexes are provided to present a detailed description of the EU trade relations 
with the countries  of the Western Balkans for the year 2015.  The first annex describes the trade 
relations with the countries of the Western Balkans as a whole, while the remaining annexes 
describe in detail the trade relations with each country of the region.  
 
___________ ____  
 
 WT/L/993  
 
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  ANNEX 1: WESTERN BALKANS  
Population in Mio   18.4 
Area in 1000skm  215.5  
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 75.5 
GDP Per Capita in euro  4,186  
EU 27 TRADE WITH WES TERN BALKANS  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 9,003  0.8 21,584  2.1 12,581  
2006 11,573  0.9 25,204  2.2 13,631  
2007 13,340  0.9 29,374  2.4 16,034  
2008 13,928  0.9 33,029  2.5 19,101  
2009 11,177  0.9 25,478  2.3 14,301  
2010 14,030  0.9 26,490  1.9 12,460  
2011 16,320  0.9 30,284  1.9 13,964  
2012 15,432  0.9 29,861  1.8 14,430  
EU 28 TRADE WITH WES TERN BA LKANS  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 13,753  0.8 22,099  1.3 8,346  
2014 15,059  0.9 23,393  1.4 8,334  
2015 16,195  0.9 24,542  1.4 8,347  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  16,195  100 0.94%  24,542  1.37 1.37% 
1000 - Primary products  4,022  24.8 0.74%  6,733  2.54 2.54% 
1100 - Agricultural products  1,909  11.8 1.28%  2,998  2.11 2.11% 
1200 - Fuels and mining products  2,113  13.0 0.54%  3,735  3.03 3.03% 
2000 - Manufactures  11,968  73.9 1.05%  17,304  1.20 1.20% 
2100 - Iron and steel  785  4.8 2.72%  710  2.06 2.06% 
2200 - Chemicals  1,626  10.0 0.88%  3,458  1.09 1.09% 
2300 - Other semi -manuf actures  1,496  9.2 1.61%  3,005  2.45 2.45% 
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  4,396  27.1 0.82%  6,904  0.92 0.92% 
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment  98  0.6 0.05%  925  1.21 1.21% 
2420 - Transport equipment  1,760  10.9 1.36%  2,559  0.81 0.81% 
2430 - Other machinery  2,538  15.7 1.23%  3,416  0.95 0.95% 
2500 - Textiles  212  1.3 0.81%  1,021  5.63 5.63% WT/L/993  
 
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  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2600 - Clothing  1,257  7.8 1.46%  504 2.02 2.02% 
2700 - Other manufactures  2,197  13.6 1.22%  1,658  0.94 0.94% 
3000 - Other products  59  0.4 0.13%  87 0.11 0.11% 
 
The above codes correspond to the following SITC codes:  1000 - Primary products:  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 68; 1100 - 
Agricultural products:  0, 1, 2, 4, excl. 27, excl. 28; 1200 - Fuels and mining products : 3, 27, 28, 68; 2000 – 
Manufactures:  5, 6, 7, 8, excl. 68, excl. 891; 2100 - Iron and steel:  67; 2200 – Chemicals:  5; 2300 - Other 
semi-manufactures:  61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69; 2400 - Machinery and transport equipment:  7; 2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment:  75, 76, 776; 2420 - Transp ort equipment:  78, 79, 713, 7783; 2430 - Other 
machinery:  71, 72, 73, 74, 77, excl. 713, excl. 776, excl. 7783; 2500 – Textiles:  65; 2600 – Clothing:  84; 
2700 - Other manufactures:  81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, excl. 891; 3000 - Other products:  9, 891.  
 
Source: World Bank.  
EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
 
_______________  
 
 WT/L/993  
 
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  ANNEX 2: ALBANIA  
Population in Mio  2.9 
Area in 1000skm  27 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  10.4 
GDP Per Capita in euro  3,601  
EU 27 TRADE WITH ALB ANIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 69  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 58  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 417 0.0 1,383  0.1 966 
2006 496 0.0 1,541  0.1 1,045  
2007 627 0.0 1,802  0.1 1,175  
2008 688 0.0 2,002  0.2 1,315  
2009 654 0.1 1,969  0.2 1,315  
2010 894 0.1 2,063  0.2 1,169  
2011 942 0.1 2,289  0.1 1,347  
2012 1,114  0.1 2,372  0.1 1,258  
EU 28 TRADE WITH ALBANIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 69  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 58  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 1,234  0.1 2,329  0.1 1,095  
20120 201401444  1,248  0.1 2,471  0.1 1,223  
2015 1,162  0.1 2,527  0.1 1,365  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  1,162  100 0.07%  2,527  100 0.14%  
1000 – Primary products  321  27.6 0.06%  824  32.6 0.31%  
1100 – Agricultural products  109  9.4 0.07%  381  15.1 0.27%  
1200 - Fuels and minin g products  212  18.2 0.05%  443  17.5 0.36%  
2000 – Manufactures  833  71.7 0.07%  1,666  65.9 0.12%  
2100 – Iron and steel  41  3.6 0.14%  52  2.0 0.15%  
2200 – Chemicals  6  0.5 0.00%  266  10.5 0.08%  
2300 – Other semi -manufactures  112  9.6 0.12%  341  13.5 0.28% 
2400 – Machinery and transport 
equipment  67  5.7 0.01%  521  20.6 0.07%  
2410 – Office and telecommunication 
equipment  4  0.4 0.00%  100  4.0 0.13%  
2420 – Transport equipment  18  1.5 0.01%  147  5.8 0.05%  
2430 – Other machinery  44  3.8 0.02%  273  10.8 0.08%  WT/L/993  
 
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  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2500 – Textiles  10  0.9 0.04%  144  5.7 0.79%  
2600 – Clothing  265  22.8 0.31%  144  5.7 0.58%  
2700 – Other manufactures  332  28.6 0.18%  199  7.9 0.11%  
3000 – Other products  2  0.2 0.00%  13  0.5 0.02%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statisti cal regime 4).  
 
 
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 WT/L/993  
 
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  ANNEX 3: BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA  
Population in Mio  3.9 
Area in 1000skm  51 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  14.2 
GDP Per Capita in euro  3,685  
 
EU 27 TRADE WITH BOS NIA AND HERZEGOVINA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 49  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 42  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,332  0.1 2,871  0.3 1,538  
2006 1,725  0.1 2,883  0.2 1,157  
2007 1,832  0.1 3,123  0.3 1,292  
2008 1,937  0.1 3,736  0.3 1,799  
2009 1,527  0.1 2,941  0.3 1,414  
2010 2,026  0.1 3,138  0.2 1,112  
2011 2,406  0.1 3,537  0.2 1,131  
2012 2,422  0.1 3,598  0.2 1,176  
EU 28 TRADE WITH BOS NIA AND HERZEGOVINA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 49  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 42  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 3,242  0.2 4,786  0.3 1,544  
2014 3,330  0.2 5,025  0.3 1,696  
2015 3,514  0.2 4,080  0.3 1,565  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  3,330  100 0.20%  5,025  100 0.30%  
1000 - Primary products  892 26.8 0.14%  1,519  30.2 0.54%  
1100 - Agricultural products  354 10.6 0.26%  844 16.8 0.63%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  539 16.2 0.11%  675 13.4 0.46%  
2000 - Manufactures  2,406  72.2 0.24%  3,470  69.0 0.26%  
2100 - Iron and steel  115 3.5 0.41%  159 3.2 0.43%  
2200 - Chemicals  212 6.4 0.13%  721 14.3 0.26%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  391 11.7 0.45%  738 14.7 0.61%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  589 17.7 0.13%  1,149  22.9 0.16%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  15 0.5 0.01%  138 2.8 0.19%  
2420 - Transport equipment  151 4.5 0.15%  410 8.2 0.14%  
2430 - Other machinery  423 12.7 0.24%  597 11.9 0.17%  WT/L/993  
 
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  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2500 - Textiles  40 1.2 0.17%  212 4.2 1.20%  
2600 - Clothing  157 4.7 0.20%  80 1.6 0.33%  
2700 - Other manufactures  901 27.1 0.58%  411 8.2 0.25%  
3000 - Other products  15 0.4 0.03%  26 0.5 0.04%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
 
_______________  
 
 WT/L/993  
 
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  ANNEX 4: TH E FORMER YUGOSLAV RE PUBLIC OF MACEDONIA  
Population in Mio  2.1 
Area in 1000skm  25 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  8.9 
GDP Per Capita in euro  4,314  
EU 27 TRADE WITH FOR MER YUGOSLAV REPUBLI C OF MACEDONIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 51  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 50  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,018  0.1 1,567  0.1 550 
2006 1,304  0.1 1,832  0.2 528 
2007 1,858  0.1 2,080  0.2 223 
2008 1,765  0.1 2,532  0.2 767 
2009 1,189  0.1 2,076  0.2 887 
2010 1,735  0.1 2,383  0.2 648 
2011 2,161  0.1 2,947  0.2 787 
2012 2,126  0.1 3,300  0.2 1,174  
EU 28 TRADE WITH FOR MER YUGOSLAV REPUBLI C OF MACEDONIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 51  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 50  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 2,399  0.1 3,400  0.2 1,001  
2014 3,025  0.2 3,821  0.2 796 
2015 3,368  0.2 4,119  0.2 751 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  3,025  100 0.18%  3,821  100 0.22%  
1000 - Primary products  526 17.4 0.08%  1,610  42.1 0.57%  
1100 - Agricultural products  268 8.9 0.19%  337 8.8 0.25%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  258 8.5 0.05%  1,274  33.3 0.86%  
2000 - Manufactures  2,491  82.3 0.25%  2,193  57.4 0.16%  
2100 - Iron and steel  319 10.6 1.15%  122 3.2 0.33%  
2200 - Chemicals  718 23.7 0.43%  403 10.5 0.14%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  49 1.6 0.06%  352 9.2 0.29%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  721 23.8 0.16%  761 19.9 0.11%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  7 0.2 0.00%  127 3.3 0.18%  
2420 - Transport equipment  99 3.3 0.10%  208 5.4 0.07%  
2430 - Other machinery  616 20.3 0.34%  426 11.1 0.12%  
2500 - Textiles  31 1.0 0.13%  321 8.4 1.82%  WT/L/993  
 
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  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2600 - Clothing  485 16.0 0.62%  37 1.0 0.15%  
2700 - Other manufactures  168 5.6 0.11%  198 5.2 0.12%  
3000 - Other products  5 0.2 0.01%  10 0.3 0.01%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
 
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 WT/L/993  
 
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  ANNEX 5: KOSOVO  
Population in Mio  1.8 
Area in 1000sk  11 
Gross Domestic Product in BN € (2010)  5.5 
GDP Per Capita in euro (2010)  3,053  
EU 27 TRADE WITH KOS OVO 
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 129  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 98  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 12 0.0 155 0.0 143 
2006 28 0.0 277 0.0 250 
2007 47 0.0 424 0.0 377 
2008 86 0.0 533 0.0 447 
2009 80 0.0 619 0.1 539 
2010 147 0.0 626 0.1 479 
2011 137 0.0 672 0.0 535 
2012 121 0.0 645 0.0 524 
EU 28 TRADE WITH  KOSOVO  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 129  EXPORTS  
Rank 2014: 98  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 125 0.0 726 0.0 600 
2014 96 0.0 729 0.0 633 
2015 104 0.0 766 0.0 661 
MAIN PR ODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  96 100 0.01%  729 100 0.04%  
1000 - Primary products  33 35.0 0.01%  240 32.9 0.08%  
1100 - Agricultural products  19 20.1 0.01%  203 27.9 0.15%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  14 14.9 0.00%  37 5.0 0.02%  
2000 - Manufactures  62 64.5 0.01%  483 66.3 0.04%  
2100 - Iron and steel  39 41.0 0.14%  13 1.7 0.03%  
2200 - Chemicals  2 1.8 0.00%  105 14.3 0.04%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  5 5.0 0.01%  100 13.7 0.08%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  3 3.1 0.00%  188 25.8 0.03%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  0 0.3 0.00%  32 4.4 0.04%  
2420 - Transport equipment  1 0.7 0.00%  64 8.8 0.02%  
2430 - Other machinery  2 2.2 0.00%  91 12.5 0.03%  
2500 - Textiles  8 8.5 0.03%  6 0.8 0.03%  WT/L/993  
 
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  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2600 - Clothing  1 0.6 0.00%  15 2.0 0.06%  
2700 - Other manufactures  4 4.6 0.00%  57 7.8 0.04%  
3000 - Other products  1 0.5 0.00%  5 0.7 0.01%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
 
_______________  
 
 WT/L/993  
 
- 13 - 
 
  ANNEX 6: SERBIA  
Population in Mio  7.1 
Area in 1000skm  88 
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 32.9 
GDP Per Capita in euro  4,614  
EU 27 TRADE WITH SER BIA 
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 37  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015 : 27 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,177  0.1 2,610  0.2 1,433  
2006 2,835  0.2 5,793  0.5 2,957  
2007 3,656  0.3 8,012  0.6 4,356  
2008 4,013  0.3 9,044  0.7 5,031  
2009 3,211 0.3 6,588  0.6 3,377  
2010 4,085  0.3 7,426  0.6 3,341  
2011 4,819  0.3 8,629  0.6 3,810  
2012 4,716  0.3 9,124  0.6 4,408  
EU 28 TRADE WITH SER BIA 
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 37  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 27  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €) Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 6,564  0.4 9,944  0.6 3,380  
2014 7,112  0.4 10,374  0.6 3,262  
2015 7,903  0.5 11,173  0.6 3,270  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  7,112  100 0.42%  10,374  100 0.61%  
1000 - Primary products  1,975  27.8 0.30%  2,303  22.2 0.81%  
1100 - Agricultural products  1,046  14.7 0.76%  951 9.2 0.70%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  929 13.1 0.18%  1,352  13.0 0.91%  
2000 - Manufactures  5,094  71.6 0.51%  7,998  77.1 0.59%  
2100 - Iron and steel  229 3.2 0.82%  325 3.1 0.88%  
2200 - Chemicals  482 6.8 0.29%  1,759  17.0 0.63%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  870 12.2 1.01%  1,228  11.8 1.01%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  2,515 35.4 0.56%  3,476  33.5 0.49%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  66 0.9 0.04%  450 4.3 0.62%  
2420 - Transport equipment  1,351  19.0 1.31%  1,220  11.8 0.43%  WT/L/993  
 
- 14 - 
 
  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2430 - Other machinery  1,098  15.4 0.61%  1,805  17.4 0.51%  
2500 - Textiles  104 1.5 0.43%  268 2.6 1.52%  
2600 - Clothing  325 4.6 0.42%  209 2.0 0.86%  
2700 - Other manufactures  569 8.0 0.36%  734 7.1 0.46%  
3000 - Other products  30 0.4 0.07%  36 0.3 0.05%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
 
_______________  
 
 WT/L/993  
 
- 15 - 
 
  ANNEX 7 : MONTENEGRO  
Population in Mio  0.6 
Area in 1000skm  14 
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 3.6 
GDP Per Capita in euro  5,849  
EU 27 TRADE WITH MON TENEGRO  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 121  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 93  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value 
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 85 0.0 284 0.0 199 
2006 293 0.0 517 0.0 224 
2007 341 0.0 673 0.1 333 
2008 271 0.0 871 0.1 600 
2009 130 0.0 533 0.0 403 
2010 183 0.0 545 0.0 362 
2011 220 0.0 686 0.0 466 
2012 268 0.0 747 0.0 479 
EU 28 TRADE WITH MON TENEGRO  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2015: 121  EXPORTS  
Rank 2015: 93  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 188 0.0 913 0.1 725 
2014 249 0.0 973 0.1 724 
2015 144 0.0 878 0.1 734 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2015  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  249 100 0.01%  973 100 0.06%  
1000 - Primary products  128 51.5 0.02%  395 40.6 0.14%  
1100 - Agricultural products  14 5.5 0.01%  204 20.9 0.15%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  114 45.9 0.02%  191 19.7 0.13%  
2000 - Manufactures  119 47.9 0.01%  570 58.6 0.04%  
2100 - Iron and steel  5 2.1 0.02%  5 0.5 0.01%  
2200 - Chemicals  2 0.7 0.00%  71 7.3 0.03%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  3 1.1 0.00%  82 8.4 0.07%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  106 42.5 0.02%  302 31.1 0.04%  
2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment  1 0.6 0.00%  60 6.2 0.08%  
2420 - Transport equipment  96 38.5 0.09%  163 16.8 0.06%  
2430 - Other machinery  8 3.4 0.00%  79 8.1 0.02%  
2500 - Textiles  0 0.0 0.00%  6 0.6 0.03%  WT/L/993  
 
- 16 - 
 
  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2600 - Clothing  1 0.4 0.00%  29 3.0 0.12%  
2700 - Other manufactures  3 1.1 0.00%  75 7.7 0.05%  
3000 - Other products  2 0.6 0.00%  4 0.4 0.01%  
 
Source:  World Bank.  
 EURO STAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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