AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
1 TANZANIA  BUREAU  OF STANDARDS  
CARBONATED  SOFT  DRINKS -SPECIFICATION      
DRAFT  FOR  COMMENTS  ONLY  
 
0. FOREWORD  
Carbonated  soft drinks  industry  has an important  role in our country’s  economy.  
Carbonated  soft drinks  are popular  beverages  used  as refreshment  and are presented  
in different  brands/types  in the market.   
This Tanzania  Standard  was prepared  in order  to ensure  that the carbonated  soft drinks  
prepared , produced  and imported  in the country  are safe and of good  quality.  
 
In the preparation  of this Tanzania  Standard  considerable  assistance  was drawn  from;   
 IS 2346,  Specification  for carbonated  beverages  published  by the Bureau  of 
Indian  Standards ; and  
EAS 29:2000  Carbonated  soft drinks  specification  published  by the East African  
Community.  
In reporting  the results  of test or analysis  made  in accordance  with this Tanzania  
Standard,  if the final value  observed  or calculated  is to be rounded  off, it shall be done  
in accordance  with TZS 4 (see clause  2). 
 
1 SCOPE   
This Tanzania  Standard  prescribes  the requireme nts and methods  of sampling  and test 
for carbonated  soft drinks  of which  only nutritive  sweeteners  are used  as sweetening  
agent ; produced  for human  consumption . The standard  does  not cover  carbonated  
water.  
2 REFERENCES   
The following  referenced  documents  are indispensable  for the application  of this 
standard.  For dated  references,  only the edition  cited  applies.  For undated  references,  
the latest  edition  of the referenced  document  (including  any amendments)  applies.  
             
TZS 4, Rounding  off numeric al values   
TZS 100, Plantation  white  sugar  Specification  
TZS 163, Processed  fruits  and vegetable  products  – Methods  of sampling   
TZS 114, Soft drink  manufacturing  units  – Code  of hygiene  AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
2 TZS 118, Foodstuffs  – General  Guidance  for the Enumeration  of microor ganisms  by 
Colony  Count  Technique  at 300C 
TZS 131, Microbiology  - General  guidance  for enumeration  of yeast  and mould  by 
Colony  count  technique  at 250C. 
TZS 109, Code  of hygiene  for food processin g units  
TZS 101, Refined  sugar  Specification.  
TZS 268, Gener al atomic  absorption  spectrophotometric  method  for determination  of 
lead in food stuffs  
TZS 538, Packaging , marking  and labelling  of foods   
TZS 851, Honey  Specification  
TZS 1494,  Fruits  and vegetables  determination  of benzoic  acid 
TZS 1488,  Fruits  and Vege tables  – Determination  of Titratable  Acidity   
TZS 1492,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of tin content  
TZS 1495,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of copper  content  
TZS 1491,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of pH  
TZS 1493,  Fruits  and Veget ables  – Determination  of iron content  
TZS 1496,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of soluble  solids  
TZS 1497,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of sulphur  dioxide  
TZS 1500,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of zinc content  
TZS 1502,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of Arsenic  content  
TZS 1504,  Fruits  and Vegetables  – Determination  of Ethanol  Content   
TZS 119, Microbiology  – General  guidance  for the enumeration  of coliforms  by Most  
probable  number  technique  
TZS 789, Potable  (Drinking)  water  Specification  
TZS 132, Edible  common  salt Specification  
TZS 59, Water  distilled  quality  Specification  
TZS 1581 -1, Determination  of cadmium  content  – Method  graphite  furnace  atomic  
absorption  spectrometry  
TZS 1501,  Fruits,  vegetables  and derived  products  – Determination  of mercury  content  
– Flameless  atomic  absorption  method  AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
3 Codex  Stan 192 General  standard  for Food  additives  
CAC/GL  66-2008  Guidelines  for the Use of Flavourings  
 
3. TERMS  AND  DEFINITIONS                                                                                                 
For the purpose  of this Tanzania  standard,  the following  terms  and definitions  shall 
apply:  -  
3.1 carbonated  soft drink  
a non-alcoholic  beverage  containing  dissolved  carbon  dioxide;  prepared  from potable  
water  with or without  one of the following  ingredients;  fruit juice,  fruit pulp,  vegetable  
extracts,  flavouring  materials,  colourants,  nutritive  sweetening  agents,  acidulants,  
clouding  agents,  preservatives  and other  permitted  food additives.   
3.2 gas (carbonation)  volume  
a given  volume  of carbon  dioxide  that can be absorbed  by a given  volume  of water  or 
liquid  at atmospheric  pressure  not less than 1 and temperature  of 15.5 °C. 
 
 3.3 carbonation  
the process  of addition  of carbon  dioxide  in a soft drink  to achieve  its characteristics  in 
terms  of flavour  and to preserve  the product.  
 
3.4 one volume  
the liquid  is said to be one volume  when  a given  volume  of carbon  dioxide  gas, 
expressed  at standard  conditions  is dissolved  in the same  volume  of liquid.  
 
3.5  nutritive  sweet eners  
 
sweeteners  which  have  calories  and provide  nourishment  (nutritive)  . 
 
4. REQUIREMENTS  
 
4.1 General  requirements  
4.1.1 Ingredients   
The following  ingredients  may be used  in the preparation  of carbonated  soft drinks  
a) Fruit juices  i.e. – oranges,  grape  fruit, lemon,  grape  and lime as well as 
comminuted  fruits;  
 
b) Caffeine  – not exceeding  200 mg/kg  as determined  per Annex  C 
 
c) Quinine  salts – not exceeding  100 mg/kg  calculated  as quinine  sulphate  when  
determined  as per annex  D. 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
4 d) edible  common  salt complying  to TZS 132 (see clause  2) 
 
e) Water  used  in the manufacture  of carbonated  soft drinks  shall be potable  water  
conforming  to TZS 789 (See  clause  2). Water  shall also conform  to the requirements  
listed  below;    
i. Be clear,  colourless  and odourless  
ii. Be free from waterborne  organisms;  
iii. Have  an alkalinity  of less than 50 ppm expressed  as CaCO 3 
iv. Have  a total dissolved  solids  less than 500 ppm and 
v. Have  less than 0.1 ppm of iron or manganese.  
 
f) Sweetening  agents  
The only sweetening  agent  used  in the manufacture  of carbo nated  soft drinks  shall be; 
i) Sugar  conform ing to TZS 101 (see clause  2).  
ii) Invert  sugar  if used  shall have  been  prepared  from sucrose  complying  with the 
requirements  given  in TZS 100 (see clause  2).  
iii) Honey  if used  shall comply ing with TZS 851.  
iv) Use of any other  nutritive  sweeteners  shall comply  with the relevant  Tanzania  
Standards.   
 
g) Flavoring  materials  
When  used  in carbonated  soft drinks  shall be in accordance  with CAC  GL 66 and 
Codex  Stan 192. 
 
4.1.2 Physical  and organoleptic  properties  
 
4.1.2.1 Flavour  
Carbonated  soft drinks  shall have  a well-balanced  and pleasant  flavour  characteristic  of 
the type of drink  and be free from off-flavours  and odours.   
 
4.1.2.2 Appearance  
Carbonated  soft drinks  shall be attractive  and characteristic  of the product.  It shall be 
free from insect  and rodent  contamination;  practically  free from other  extraneous  matter  
and shall be clear  if stored  under  normal  conditions.  The cloudy  carbonated  soft drinks  
shall constitute  a stable  emulsion.  
 
4.2 Specific  requireme nts 
4.2.1 Sugar  content  
 
Carbonated  soft drinks  when  tested  after the removal  of carbon  dioxide  shall record  a 
Brix value  of not less than 7.5 degrees  at 20 0C when  tested in accordance  with TZS 
1496.  Non-nutritive  sweeteners  shall not be added  or used  in the product . 
  
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
5 4.2.2 Gas volume  
Soft drinks  shall be carbonated  to a volume  in accordance  with their character.  
However,  they shall have  a minimum  of one volume  of carbon  dioxide.  This shall be 
determined  as per Annex  B. 
 
The carbon  dioxide  used  as raw material  shall have  a purity  of not less than 98.5 
percent.  It shall be free from hydrogen  sulphide,  Sulphur  dioxide  and other  noxious  
gases  or foreign  odour  and shall comply  with national  standard  for carbon  dioxide.  
 
4.2.3 pH 
The pH of carbonated  soft drinks shall be in a range  of 2.5-4.0 and shall be verified  as 
per TZS 1491(see  clause  2) 
 
 
4.3 Food  Additives  
4.3.1 The use of food additives  shall be in accordance  with Codex  Stan 192.  
 
4.3.2 The use of flavours  in carbonated  soft drinks  shall also be in accordance  with CAC  
GL 66 Codex  guideline  for use of flavourings.  Natural  flavours  and their identical  
synthetic  equivalence,  except  those  which  are known  to present  toxic substances  and 
other  synthetic  flavour  approved  by Codex  Alimentarious  Commission  including  those  
listed  below  shall be used.  They  shall not contain  substances  that may be injurious  to 
health.  
 
i) Alcohol  extracts  – i.e. ginger;  grape  and certain  lemon  and lime flavour  in amounts  
of 1 percent  volume  or less depending  on the strength  of the extract.  
 
ii) Emulsions  – i.e. citrus  flavours  and including  density  adjusting  agents  
sulfosuccinate  (DSS)  
 
iii) Solutions  in approved  flavour  carriers  such  as ethyl  alcohol,  propyl  glycol,  
glycerine,  isopropyl  alcohol . 
 
5. CONTAMINANTS  
 
Carbonated  soft drinks  shall not contain  any metallic  contaminants  in excess  of levels  
specified  in Table  1. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
6  
Table  1 – Limits  for metallic  contaminants  in carbonated  soft drinks   
 
S/No   
Metallic  
contaminant   
Requirements   
Method  of test 
 
1 
 
2 
3 
 
4 
 
5 
 
6  
Arseni c (As), (mg/kg),  
max.  
Lead  (Pb), (mg/kg),  
max.  
Copper  (Cu), (mg/kg),  
max.    
Tin (Sn), (mg/kg),  
max.  
Cadmium  (Cd), 
(mg/kg),  max.  
Mercury  (Hg), 
(mg/kg),  max.   
0.1 
 
0.1 
 
2.0 
1.5 
 
0.003  
 
0.001   
TZS 1502  
 
TZS 268 
 
TZS 1495  
TZS 1492  
 
TZS 1581 -1 
 
TZS 1501  
 
 
 
6. HYGIENE  
Carbonated  soft drinks  shall be prepared  according  to TZS 114 (see clause  2) and shall 
comply  with microbiological  requirements  given  in Table  2. 
 
Table  2: Microbiological  requirements  
S/NO        Microorganism  Requirements  Method  of test 
(see claus e 2) 
1 Total  plate  count,  cfu/ml , max.  3 TZS 118  
2 Coliform,  cfu/ml . Absent  TZS 729  
3 Yeast  and moulds,  cfu/ml , max.  2 TZS 131  
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
7 7.    SAMPLING  AND  TESTS  
7.1 Sampling  
The method  of drawing  representative  samples  of the carbonated  soft drinks  shall be as 
described  in Annex  A  
 
7.2 Tests  
Tests  shall be carried  out as described  in relevant  clauses  and annexes  of this 
standard . 
 
8.    PACKAGING,  MARKING  AND  LABELING  
8.1 Packaging  
8.1.1 Carbonated  soft drinks  shall be filled in glass  containers,  lacquered  cans, suitable  
food grade  plastic  containers  or other  food grade  dispensing  units.  The interior  on the 
neck  finish  of bottles  shall be free from chips,  cracks  and other  defects.  Cans  shall be 
free from corrosion  and internal  scratches  or other  lacquer  imper fections.  Closures  shall 
be clean  at the time of capping  and seaming.  
8.1.2 The containers  shall be filled under  strict  sanitary  conditions . 
8.1.3 In case  of cans  provided  with pull tabs,  the tabs shall remain  intact  with the can on 
opening  without  litteri ng. 
 
8.2 Marking  and labelling    
8.2.1 Labels  if used  shall be clean,  neat and pasted  securely.  The following  information  
shall appear  delibly  and legibly  on each  container  or cap or label;  
a) Name  of the product;  ‘carbonated  soft drink’ 
b) Brand  or trade  name,  if any 
c) Name,  physical  and postal  address  of the manufacturer;  
d) Date  of manufacture;   
e) Expiry  date;  
f) Batch  or code  number;  
g) List of ingredients;  and 
h) Net volume  of the contents  in ml or litres .  
 
8.2.2 The language  on the label  shall be “Kiswahili”  or Kiswahili  and English.  A second  
language  may be used  depending  on the designated  market.  
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
8 8.3 In all cases  carbonated  soft drinks  shall be packed,  marked  or labelled  in 
accordance  with TZS 538 (see clause  2) 
8.4  The containers  or caps  or labels  may also be marked  with the TBS certification  
mark  of quality.   
NOTE  – The TBS Standards  Mark  of Quality  may be used  by manufacturers  only 
under  license  from  TBS Particulars  of conditions  under  which  the licenses  are 
granted  may be obtained  from  TBS.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
9 ANNEX  A 
Sampling  of carbonated  beverages  
 
A.1 Scale  of sampling     
 
A.1.1  Lot – All bottles  in a consignment  belonging  to the same  batch  of manufacture  shall constitute  a lot.  
If the consignment  is declared  to consist  of different  batches  of manufacture,  bottles  of the same  batch  
shall be grouped  together  and each  group  so formed  shall constitute  a separate  lot. Samples  shall be 
tested  from each  lot for ascertaining  conformity  to the requirements  of this Tanzania  Standard.  
 
 A.1.2  The number  of bottles  to be selected  from a lot for testing  for microbiological  and other  
requirements  shall depend  on the size of the lot and shall be in accordance  with table  A.1. 
 
A.1.3  The bottles  to be selected  for testing  shall be chosen  at random  from the lot by the follow ing 
procedure.   Starting  from any bottle,  count  them  as 1,2,3  ………  up to r.  Every  rth bottle  thus counted  
shall be picked,  r being  the integral  part of N/n, where  N is the total number  of bottles  in the lot and n is 
the total number  of bottles  to be chosen . 
 
 
A.2 Test samples  and reference  samples   
 
A.2.1  Samples  for microbiological  tests   
 
The sample  bottles  selected  for microbiological  test (see col.2  of table  A.1) shall be divided  at random  
into three  equal  sets and labeled  with all particulars  of sampli ng.  One of these  sets of the sample  bottles  
shall be for the purchaser,  another  for the vendor  and the third set is the reference.   
 
A.2.2  Samples  for other  tests  
 
 The sample  bottles  selected  for other  tests  (see col.3  of table  A.1) shall be divided  at random  into three  
equal  sets and labeled  with all the particulars  of sampling.   One of these  sets of sample  bottles  shall be 
for the purchaser,  another  for the vendor  and the third set is the reference.  
 
 
 
 
Table  A.1 - Number  of bottles  to be sampled   
 
 
 
No of bottles  in the lot   
No of bottles  to be selected  
 
Microbiological   
Other  tests  
 
Up to 1 300 
1301  to 3 200 
3 201 and above    
12 
18 
24  
18 
24 
30 
 
 
A.2.3  Referee  samples   
 
Referee  samples  shall consist  of a set of sample  bottles  for microbiological  tests (see A.2.1)  and a set of 
sample  bottles  for other  tests  (see A.2.2)  and shall bear the seals  of the purchaser  and the vendor  as 
agreed  to between  the two. 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
10  
ANNEX  B 
 
Method  of measuring  gas volume  
 
B.1 Principle  
 
The method  involves  snifting  of the top gas.  The pressure  reading  should  drop to 2 psi, to remove  the air 
before  testing  for carbon  dioxide  volume.   In so doing  correction  of altitude  as per table  B.2 should  be 
considered  as pressure  is affected  by altitude.  
 
The apparatus  consists  of pressur e gauge  having  a hollow  spike  with holes  in its side.   The bottle  is 
inserted  from the side into the slot provided  in the neck  of the carbon  dioxide  tester  and is secured  in 
place  by tightening  with a threaded  system.   The pressure  gauge  is inserted  until the needle  point  
touches  the crown  cork.   There  is a snift valve  on the gauge  stem  which  is kept closed  until the needle  
point  of the pressure  gauge  is forced  through  the crown  cork.   The reading  is noted  on the gauge.  
 
B.2 Procedure   
 
Clamp  the bottle  in the frame  of the gas volume  tester.   Pierce  the crown  cork but do not shake  the bottle.   
Snift off the top gas quickly  until the gauge  reading  drops  to zero.   Make  certain  to close  the valve  
instantly  the needle  touches  zero in the pressure  gauge.   Shake  the bottle  vigorously  until the gauge  
gives  the reading  that additional  shaking  does  not change.   Record  the pressure.   Note  the temperature  
and record.   Obtain  the volume  of gas from  
table  B.1. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
11 ANNEX  C 
 
Determination  of caffeine  content  
 
C.1 Principle  
 
 
Carbon  dioxide  is removed  from the sample  by means  of dry air or dry nitrogen.   An extraction  with 
chloroform  is performed  on the decarbonated  sample.   
 
By means  of a graph  of absorbance  against  concentration  of standards,  the conte nt of caffeine  of the 
sample  is determined.   
 
 
C.2 Reagents   
 
During  analysis  use only reagents  of recognized    analytical  grade  and only distilled  water  in accordance  
with TZS 59: 1980  (see clause  2) or water  of equivalent  purity.  
 
 
a) Chloroform   
b) Ammonia  solution,  concentrated   
c) Hydrochloric  acid,  approximately  molar.   Take  100 ml of concentrated  hydrochloric  acid 
(Sp.Gr.1.  184) and dilute  to a litre. 
d) Standard  caffeine  solution.    Prepare  a solution  containing  10 ml using  molar  hydrochloric  
acid as solvent.  
 
C.3 Apparatus   
 
A spectrophotometer  or photoelectric  colorimeter  capable  of measuring  optical  density  at a wavelength  of 
227nm  
 
C.4 Procedure  
 
Transfer  25 g of decarbonated  sample  into a small  separating  funnel.   Make  distinctly  alkaline  with 
ammonia  solut ion and chloroform,  washing  each  extract  with the same  10 ml of water  contained  in a 
second  separating  funnel,  and finally  with the extract  once  with 10 ml of chloroform.   Filter  into a small  
flask.   Evaporate  or distill  the combined  extracts  and dry the residue  in molar  hydrochloric  acid and make  
up to volume  in a 50 ml volumetric  flask with the same  acid.   Prepare  a series  of standards  and read the 
absorption  at 272 nm using  approximately  molar  hydrochloric  acid for setting  the instrument.   Set the 
instru ment  by means  of a blank  prepared  from water  treated  in exactly  the same  manner  with the test 
solution  and read absorption  of the test solution.  
 
C.5 Expression  of results   
 
Plot a graph  of concentrations  of standard  caffeine  solutions  against  their absorb ance.   From  this graph  
determine  the concentration  of the alkaloid  (caffeine)  in the original  sample.   Report  the results  as mg/kg  
of anhydrous  caffeine  in the original  sample.  
 
 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
12 ANNEX  D 
 
Determination  of quinine   
 
D.1 Principle   
 
Carbon  dioxide  is remo ved from the sample  by passing  through  it dry air or dry nitrogen.   An extraction  
with ether  is performed  on the decarbonated  sample.   
 
By means  of a graph  of concentration  of a series  of standard  quinine  sulphate  solutions  against  
fluorescence,  the conten t of quinine  in the test solution  is determined.   
 
For low concentration,  the fluorescence  intensity  is directly  proportional  to the concentration,  as well as to 
the intensity  of the incident  radiation.  
 
D.2 Reagents   
 
During  the analysis,  unless  otherwise  stated,  use only reagents  of recognized  analytical  grade  and only 
distilled  water  in accordance  with TZS 59: 1980  (see clause  2) or water  of equivalent  purity.   Reagents  
should  be free from fluorescing  impurities.  
 
a) Sulphuric  acid,  0.05 M 
b) Ammonia  solution,  concentrated   
c) Diethyl  ether   
d) Quinine  sulphate,  standard  stock  solution.   Dissolve  0.10 g of quinine  sulphate  in 0.05 M 
suphuric  acid and make  up to 1 litre with 0.05 sulphuric  acid.   This solution  contains  100 
micrograms  of quinine  sulphate  per milliltre.  
e) Quinine  sulphate,  standard  working  solution.  Dilute  10 ml of the quinine  sulphate  stock  
solution  to 200 ml with 0.05 M sulphuric  acid.   This solution  contains  1 microgram  of quinine  
sulphate  per milliltre.  
 
D.3 Apparatus   
 
A suitable  spectrofluorometer.  Note that glassware  should  completely  be free from stopcock  lubricant  as 
this usually  contains  fluorescence  substances.   No detergents  shall be used  in washing  glassware.  
 
D.4 Procedure   
 
Transfer  100 g of the decarbonated  sample  to a separating  funnel.   Make the sample  distinctly  alkaline  
with ammonia  solution  and extract  with the same  10 ml of water  contained  in a second  separating  funnel,  
and finally  extract  the wash  water  once  with 10 ml of diethyl  ether.   Combine  the ether  extracts  and 
remove  the ether  by distillation.   Dry the residue  in an air oven  at 100°C  for a few minutes.   Dissolve  it in 
0.05 M sulphuric  acid and make  up to 100 ml in a volumetric  flask with 0.05 M sulphuric  acid.   Measure  
the fluorescence  of the solution  by means  of a spectrofluoro meter.   Prepare  a series  of standards  
containing  0.1, 2.5 and 10 micrograms  of quinine  sulphate  per milliliter  and measure  the fluorescence.    
 
 
D.5   Expression  of results   
 
Plot the fluorescence  results  of the series  for standards  to obtain  a curve  from which  the concentration  of 
quinine  in the test solution  can be read.   Calculate  the concentration  of quinine  as mg/kg  of quinine  
sulphate  in the original  sample.   
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
13  
Table  B.1 – Carbon  dioxide  chart:  volume  of carbon  dioxide  gas dissolved  by one volume  of water  
  
     Gauge  pressure               
                  (x 103)   
                         Pa 
Temperature  °C  
 
0  
 
14  
 
28  
 
42  
 
56  
 
70  
 
84  
 
98  
 
112  
 
127  
 
141  
 
155  
 
169  
 
183  
 
197  
 
211 
 
0 
0.6 
1.1 
1.8 
2.2 
2.8 
3.3 
 
3.9 
4.4 
5.0 
5.6 
6.1 
6.7 
7.2 
 
7.8 
8.3 
8.9 
9.4 
10.0 
10.6 
11.1 
 
11.7 
12.2 
12.8 
13.3 
13.9 
14.4 
15.0 
 
15.6 
16.1 
16.7 
17.2 
17.8 
18.3 
18.9 
 
19.4 
20.0 
20.6 
21.1 
21.7 
22.2 
22.8 
 
23.3 
23.9 
24.4 
25.0 
25.6 
26.1 
26.7 
 
27.2 
27.8 
28.3 
28.9 
28.4 
30.0 
30.6 
 
31.1 
31.7 
32.2 
32.8 
33.3 
33.9 
34.4 
 
35.0 
35.6 
36.1 
36.7 
37.2 
37.8  
1.71 
1.68 
1.64 
1.61 
1.57 
1.54 
1.51 
 
1.47 
1.45 
1.42 
1.40 
1.37 
1.35 
1.32 
 
1.29 
1.26 
1.24 
1.21 
1.19 
1.17 
1.15 
 
1.13 
1.11 
1.10 
1.08 
1.06 
1.04 
1.02 
 
1.00 
0.98 
0.97 
0.95 
0.93 
0.92 
0.90 
 
0.89 
0.88 
0.86 
0.85 
0.84 
0.83 
0.81 
 
0.79 
0.78 
0.77 
0.76 
0.75 
0.74 
0.73 
 
0.72 
0.71 
0.70 
0.69 
0.68 
0.67 
0.66 
 
0.65 
0.64 
0.63 
0.62 
0.61 
0.60 
0.60 
 
0.59 
0.58 
0.57 
0.57 
0.56 
0.56  
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.8 
 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.7 
 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.6 
0.6 
0.6  
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.8 
 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7 
0.7  
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.8 
 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8  
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9  
2.9 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9  
3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0  
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1  
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
 
3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1  
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.6 
1.6 
15 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2  
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3  
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4  
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
 
3.4 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4  
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.6 
1.5  
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6  
5.2 
5.1 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.5 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
 
2..7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
24 
 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
14  
Table  B.1 (continued)  
 
   Gauge  pressure   
                 (x 103)  
                        Pa 
Temperature  °C  
 
225  
 
239  
 
253  
 
267  
 
281  
 
295  
 
309  
 
323  
 
337  
 
352  
 
366  
 
380  
 
394 
 
0 
0.6 
1.1 
1.8 
2.2 
2.8 
3.3 
 
3.9 
4.4 
5.0 
5.6 
6.1 
6.7 
7.2 
 
7.8 
8.3 
8.9 
9.4 
10.0 
10.6 
11.1 
 
11.7 
12.2 
12.8 
13.3 
13.9 
14.4 
15.0 
 
15.6 
16.1 
16.7 
17.2 
17.8 
18.3 
18.9 
 
19.4 
20.0 
20.6 
21.1 
21.7 
22.2 
22.8 
 
23.3 
23.9 
24.4 
25.0 
25.6 
26.1 
26.7 
 
27.2 
27.8 
28.3 
28.9 
28.4 
30.0 
30.6 
 
31.1 
31.7 
32.2 
              32.8 
              33.3 
33.9 
 34.4 
 
35.0 
35.6 
36.1 
36.7 
37.2 
37.8  
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7  
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 
1.9 
1.8  
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
 
5.1 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9  
6.1 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
 
3.2 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0  
6.3 
6.2 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
20  
6.5 
6.4 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
 
5.7 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1  
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
 
5.9 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2  
7.0 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
 
6.1 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3  
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 
4.9 
 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3  
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
6.9 
6.7 
6.6 
 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.7 
 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4  
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
6.9 
6.8 
 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5  
7.9 
7.8 
7.6 
7.4 
7.3 
7.1 
7.0 
 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
 
6.0 
5.7 
5.9 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.7 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6  
8.2 
8.0 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.2 
 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
15  
Table  B.1  (continued)  
     Gauge  pressure   
                     (x103) 
                           Pa 
Temperature  °C  
 
408  
 
422  
 
436  
 
450  
 
464  
 
478  
 
492  
 
506  
 
520  
 
534  
 
548  
 
562 
 
0 
0.6 
1.1 
1.8 
2.2 
2.8 
3.3 
 
3.9 
4.4 
5.0 
5.6 
6.1 
6.7 
7.2 
 
7.8 
8.3 
8.9 
9.4 
10.0 
10.6 
11.1 
 
11.7 
12.2 
12.8 
13.3 
13.9 
14.4 
15.0 
 
15.6 
16.1 
16.7 
17.2 
17.8 
18.3 
18.9 
 
19.4 
20.0 
20.6 
21.1 
21.7 
22.2 
22.8 
 
23.3 
23.9 
24.4 
25.0 
25.6 
26.1 
26.7 
 
27.2 
27.8 
28.3 
28.9 
28.4 
30.0 
30.6 
 
31.1 
31.7 
32.2 
32.8 
33.3 
33.9 
34.4 
 
35.0 
35.6 
35.1 
36.7 
37.2 
37.8  
8.4 
8.2 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.4 
 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.7 
5.6 
 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7  
8.6 
8.4 
8.2 
8.0 
7.9 
7.8 
7.6 
 
7.4 
7.3 
7.1 
7.0 
6.9 
6.7 
6.6 
 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8  
8.8 
8.6 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
 
7.6 
7.5 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
5.9 
 
5.9 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9  
9.0 
8.9 
8.7 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
6.9 
 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9  
9.3 
9.1 
8.9 
8.7 
8.6 
8.4 
8.2 
 
8.0 
7.9 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
7.3 
7.1 
 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.6 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0  
9.5 
9.3 
9.1 
8.9 
8.8 
8.6 
8.4 
 
8.2 
8.1 
7.9 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
7.3 
 
7.2 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
 
5.5 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1  
9.7 
9.5 
9.3 
9.2 
9.0 
8.8 
8.6 
 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 
 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2  
10.2 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
8.8 
 
8.6 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.8 
6.7 
 
6.6 
6.5 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2  
10.2 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
 
8.8 
8.7 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
7.8 
 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.9 
 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.5 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3  
10.4 
10.2 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
 
9.0 
8.8 
8.7 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
 
7.9 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
 
6.9 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4  
10.7 
10.4 
10.2 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
 
9.2 
9.0 
8.9 
8.7 
8.5 
8.4 
8.2 
 
8.0 
7.9 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.4 
6.3 
 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
 
5.5 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5  
10.9 
10.7 
10.5 
10.3 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
 
9.4 
9.2 
9.1 
8.9 
8.7 
8.6 
8.4 
 
8.2 
8.0 
7.9 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
7.3 
 
7.2 
7.1 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
 
5.0 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
16 Table  B.1 (concluded)  
 
     Gauge  pressure  
                 (x 103)  
                        Pa 
Temperature°C   
 
576  
 
591  
 
605  
 
619  
 
633  
 
647  
 
661  
 
675  
 
689  
 
703 
 
0 
0.6 
1.1 
1.8 
2.2 
2.8 
3.3 
 
3.9 
4.4 
5.0 
5.6 
6.1 
6.7 
7.2 
 
7.8 
8.3 
8.9 
9.4 
10.0 
10.6 
11.1 
 
11.7 
12.2 
12.8 
13.3 
13.9 
14.4 
15.0 
 
15.6 
16.1 
16.7 
17.2 
17.8 
18.3 
18.9 
 
19.4 
20.0 
20.6 
21.1 
21.7 
22.2 
22.8 
 
23.3 
23.9 
24.4 
25.0 
25.6 
26.1 
26.7 
 
27.2 
27.8 
28.3 
28.9 
28.4 
30.0 
30.6 
 
31.1 
31.7 
32.2 
32.8 
33.3 
33.9 
33.4 
 
35.0 
35.6 
36.1 
36.7 
37.2 
37.8  
11.2 
11.0 
10.8 
10.6 
10.4 
10.1 
9.9 
 
9.7 
9.5 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
8.8 
8.7 
 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.9 
7.7 
7.6 
 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
 
6.6 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
 
5.8 
5.7 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 
4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6  
11.5 
11.3 
11.0 
10.8 
10.6 
10.3 
10.1 
 
9.9 
9.7 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
9.1 
8.9 
 
8.6 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
7.9 
7.8 
 
7.6 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.8 
 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 
4.9 
 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7  
11.7 
11.5 
11.2 
11.0 
10.8 
10.6 
10.3 
 
10.1 
9.9 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
 
8.8 
8.7 
8.5 
8.3 
8.2 
8.0 
7.9 
 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
7.4 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8  
12.0 
11.7 
11.5 
11.3 
11.0 
10.8 
10.5 
 
10.3 
10.1 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
9.5 
9.3 
 
9.0 
8.9 
8.7 
8.5 
8.4 
8.2 
8.1 
 
7.9 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
7.3 
7.1 
 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
 
5.5 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
 
5.1 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9  
12.2 
11.9 
11.7 
11.5 
11.2 
11.0 
10.7 
 
10.5 
10.3 
10.2 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
9.4 
 
9.2 
9.0 
8.8 
8.7 
8.5 
8.4 
8.2 
 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
7.3 
 
7.1 
7.0 
6.9 
6.8 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
 
5.6 
5.5 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
 
5.2 
5.1 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
3.9  
12.4 
12.2 
11.9 
11.7 
11.4 
11.2 
10.9 
 
10.7 
20.5 
10.3 
10.1 
10.0 
9.8 
9.6 
 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
8.9 
8.7 
8.5 
8.4 
 
8.2 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
 
7.2 
7.1 
7.0 
6.9 
6.7 
6.7 
6.5 
 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
5.9 
 
5.7 
5.6 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.0 
4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.0  
12.7 
12.4 
12.2 
11.9 
11.7 
11.4 
11.1 
 
10.9 
10.7 
10.5 
10.3 
10.2 
10.0 
9.8 
 
9.6 
9.4 
9.2 
9.0 
8.9 
8.7 
8.5 
 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
6.8 
6.8 
6.7 
 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
 
5.8 
5.7 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.5 
5.4 
 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 
4.9 
4.8 
 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1  
12.9 
12.6 
12.4 
12.1 
11.9 
11.6 
11.4 
 
11.1 
10.9 
10.7 
10.5 
10.4 
10.2 
10.0 
 
9.7 
9.5 
9.3 
9.2 
9.0 
8.8 
8.7 
 
8.5 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
7.7 
 
7.5 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
6.9 
6.9 
6.8 
 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
 
5.9 
5.8 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 
5.6 
5.5 
 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2  
13.2 
12.9 
12.6 
12.3 
12.1 
11.8 
11.6 
 
11.3 
11.1 
10.9 
10.7 
10.6 
10.3 
10.1 
 
9.9 
9.7 
9.5 
9.3 
9.2 
9.0 
8.9 
 
8.7 
8.6 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
7.8 
 
7.7 
7.6 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
6.9 
 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.2 
 
6.0 
5.9 
5.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.7 
5.6 
 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 
 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2  
13.4 
13.1 
12.8 
12.5 
12.3 
12.0 
11.8 
 
11.5 
11.3 
11.1 
10.9 
10.7 
10.5 
10.3 
 
10.1 
9.9 
9.7 
9.5 
9.3 
9.2 
9.0 
 
8.9 
8.7 
8.6 
8.4 
8.3 
8.1 
8.0 
 
7.8 
7.7 
7.5 
7.4 
7.3 
7.2 
7.0 
 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
 
6.1 
6.0 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.8 
5.7 
 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
 
5.0 
4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
 
 
 
 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
17 Table  B.2 - Altitude  correction  factors  for measuring  gas volume  
 
Altitude  (meters)   
Pressure  correction  
factor  (kg/cm2) 
0 0.00 
250 0.030  
500 0.060  
750 0.088  
1000  0.116  
1250  0.143  
1500  0.169  
1750  0.195  
2000  0.220  
2250  0.244  
2500 0.267  
2750  0.289  
3000  0.310  
3250  0.331  
 
NOTE  – Target  snift pressure  is equal  to 0.14 kg /cm2 plus altitude  correction  factor   
 
Altitude  (feet)   
Pressure  correction  
factor  (psi) 
0 0 
500 0.26 
1000  0.52 
1500  0.78 
2000  1.03 
2500  1.28 
3000  1.52 
4000 1.99 
5000  2.45 
6000  2.89 
7000  3.31 
8000  3.71 
9000  4.10 
10000  4.47 AFDC  12(4501)  P2 
(Rev TZS 390:2004)  
18