WT/REG365/1  
21 June 2016  
(16-3359)  Page: 1/28  
Committee on Regional Trade Agreements   
 
FACTUAL PRESENTATION 
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETW EEN VIET NAM AND CHILE 
(GOODS) 
Report by the Secretariat 
This report, prepared for the considerat ion of the Free Trade Agreement between 
Viet Nam and Chile, has been drawn up by the WTO Secretariat on its own 
responsibility and in full consultation with the Parties. The factual presentation 
reproduces as closely as possible the terminology used in the Agreement and in the comments provided and does not imply offi cial endorsement or acceptance by the 
Secretariat of such terminology. The report has been drawn up in accordance with the 
rules and procedures contained in the Decision for a Transparency Mechanism for 
Regional Trade Agreements (WT/L/671) and thus does not imply any value judgement by the Secretariat regarding the contents of the Agreement. 
Any technical questions arising from this report may be addressed to Maria Donner 
Abreu (tel: +41 22 739 5244). Any statistical questions arising from this report may be addressed to Thakur Parajuli (tel: +41 22 739 5473). 
 
 WT/REG365/1 
 
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
Page 
1   TRADE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 3  
2   CHARACTERISTIC ELEMEN TS OF THE AG REEMENT ...................................................... 5  
2.1   Background  Information ............................................................................................. 5  
3   PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS ............................................................................. 5  
3.1   Import duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions ................................................. 5  
3.1.1   General provisions .................................................................................................. 5  
3.1.2   Liberalization of  trade and ta riff lines ......................................................................... 6  
3.1.3   Liberaliza tion schedule............................................................................................. 8  
3.1.3.1   Chile ............................................................................................................... ... 8 
3.1.3.2   Viet Nam ............................................................................................................  9 
3.1.4   Tariff rate quotas ................................................................................................... 11 
3.2   Rules of origin .......................................................................................................... 11 
3.3   Export duties and charges,  and quantitative  restrictions ................................................. 12 
3.4   Regulatory provisions on trade in goods ....................................................................... 12 
3.4.1   Standards ............................................................................................................. 12 
3.4.1.1   Sanitary and phytosanitary measures .................................................................... 12 
3.4.1.2   Technical barriers to trade .................................................................................... 12 
3.4.2   Safeguard mechanisms ........................................................................................... 13 
3.4.2.1   Global safeguards ............................................................................................... 13 
3.4.2.2   Bilateral safeguards ............................................................................................. 13 
3.4.2.3   Balance-of-payments safeguards ........................................................................... 14 
3.4.3   Anti-dumping and countervailing measures ............................................................... 14 
3.4.4   Subsidie s and State-aid .......................................................................................... 14 
3.4.5   Customs-re lated procedures .................................................................................... 15 
3.5   Sector-speci fic provis ions .......................................................................................... 16 
3.5.1   Agriculture ............................................................................................................ 16 
4   GENERAL PROVISIONS  OF THE AGREEMENT ............................................................. 16  
4.1   Tran sparency ........................................................................................................... 16 
4.2   Current payments and capital movements .................................................................... 16 
4.3   Exceptions ............................................................................................................... 16 
4.4   Accession and Withdrawal .......................................................................................... 17 
4.5   Institutio nal framework ............................................................................................. 17 
4.6   Disput e settlement ................................................................................................... 17 
4.7   Relationship with other agr eements concluded by the Parties .......................................... 19 
4.8   Intellectual property rights ......................................................................................... 20 
4.9   Ot hers .................................................................................................................. .. 21 
ANNEX 1 ....................................................................................................................... . 22 
ANNEX 2 ....................................................................................................................... . 28 WT/REG365/1 
 
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Key Facts 
 
Parties to the Agreement:  Chile and Viet Nam 
 
Date of Signature:   11 November 2011 
 
Date of Entry into Force: 1 January 2014 
 
Date of Notification:   12 May 2015 
 
Full implementation:  2029 
 
 
1  TRADE ENVIRONMENT 
1.1.  The Free Trade Agreement between Viet Nam and Chile is Viet Nam's ninth RTA; five are 
concluded collectively by ASEAN, to which Viet Nam is a party. This is Chile's 26th RTA. Since the 
conclusion of this RTA, each country has concluded and put into force one additional RTA. 
1.2.  Chile's GDP in 2014 reached US$258.1 billion, with a population of 17.8 million; in the same 
year, merchandise exports to the world attained US$75.7 billion and imports US$72.26 billion. In 
2014, Viet Nam's GDP reached US$186.2 billion with a population of 90.7 million; world 
merchandise exports and imports were respectively at US$150.5 and US$149.3 billion.1 The trade 
to GDP ratios (2012-2014) of the Parties were 66.3 for Chile and 164.2 for Viet Nam. In 2014, Chile ranked as the world's 46
th largest exporter and 42th larger importer, while Viet Nam was 
ranked 32nd in both. 
1.3.  Chart 1.1 summarizes the trends in global and bilateral trade of the Parties. Both countries' 
global merchandise trade expanded considerably in the period 2000-2014, with a growth factor of 
around 10 for Viet Nam and 5 for Chile. As a result of the 2008 crisis, global trade fell in 2009, but 
in 2010 growth had already recovered. In the period 2000-2014, Chile generally registered a trade surplus, while the opposite occurred in Viet Na m; as of 2012 however the situation reversed in 
both cases. In 2014 Chile registered again a trade surplus. 
Chart 1.1 Chile and Viet Nam: Merchandise bilateral trade and with world (2000-2014) 
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
0102030405060708090100110120130140150160
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014B. Viet Nam 2000-2014
(US$ billions)
Imports from Chile (Right Axis)
Export to Chile (Right Axis)
Total Imports
Total Exports
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
0102030405060708090
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014A. Chile 2000-2014 
(US$ billions)
Imports from Viet Nam (Right Axis)
Export to Viet Nam (Right Axis)
Total Imports
Total Exports
 
Source: UNSD Comtrade database. 
                                               
1 Figures in this section are from the WTO Trade Profiles as of March 2016 (2014 data) and the 
UNSD/Comtrade database. Export figure s are calculated f.o.b. and imports c.i.f. World trade rankings exclude 
intra-EU trade. For bilateral trade, figures reported by the Parties to UNSD, Comtrade database are used. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  1.4.  The general upward trend can also be fo und in bilateral trade, with an even greater 
magnitude: combined bilateral trade flows in the case of Chile were around 40 times greater in 
2014 than in 2000, while for Viet Nam the figure reached 62. For Viet Nam, growth was greater for imports from Chile; as a mirror, for Chile, exports grew more rapidly. It is interesting to note that 
in 2014 - the first year of entry into force of the Agreement - Chile's exports to Viet Nam (and 
mirror figures for Viet Nam) remained relatively stable if compared to 2012, while imports into 
Chile from Viet Nam showed a clear upward trend - 85% increase if data from Chile are used, and 
209% if Vietnamese data are used.
2  
1.5.  The commodity structure of trade among the Parties, as well as of their imports and exports 
to the world in the period 2011-2013, is shown in Chart 1.2 on the basis of Harmonized System (HS) sections. Over the period 2011-2013, around th ree-quarters of Viet Nam's imports from Chile 
were composed of base metals, while footwear and textiles represented 57% of Chile's imports 
from Viet Nam. 
Chart 1.2 Chile and Viet Nam: Product co mposition of merchandise trade, annual 
average (2011-2013) 
40
171210633224Chile's imports from Viet Nam (%)
24
22
158555322225Chile's Global Imports (%)
36
25865443324Chile's Global Exports (%)
739633221Viet Nam's Import from Chile (%)
31
12
101098433227Viet Nam's Global Imports (%)
25
16
10975544322225Viet Nam's Global Exports (%)Total: US$ 0.22 billion Total: US$  77.98 billion
Total: US$ 117.52 billion Total: US$ 114.49 billionTotal:  US$ 78.70 billion
Total: US$ 0.34 billion
 
Source: UNSD, Comtrade database. 
 
                                               
2 2014 Comtrade figures show a discrepancy between Chile and Viet Nam trade figures. According to the 
Parties, this is due to the following main reasons: some Vietnamese exports to Chile transit through another 
country, differences regarding time of shipment and exch ange rates, final destinatio n of the goods by type of 
contract, fob and cif value of exports and imports. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  2  CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE AGREEMENT 
2.1  Background Information 2.1.  The Free Trade Agreement between Chile and Viet Nam (hereafter "the Agreement") was 
signed on 11 November 2011 and entered into fo rce on 1 January 2014, following ratification by 
both Parties. 
2.2.  The Agreement was notified to the WTO jointly by its Parties on 12 May 2015, under 
Article XXIV:7(a) of the GATT 1994 (WT/REG365/N/1).
3 
2.3.  The Agreement consists of 14 Chapters and Annexes to Chapters 3, 4, 6 and 10, which form 
an integral part of the Agreement (see Box 2.1). 
Box 2.1 Structure of the Agreement 
Chapters Title 
Preamble  
Chapter 1: Initial Provisions 
Chapter 2: General Definitions 
Chapter 3: Trade in Goods 
Chapter 4: RULES OF ORIGIN  
Chapter 5: Customs Administration 
Chapter 6: Sanitary And Phytosanitary Measures  
Chapter 7: Technical Regulations, Standards an d Conformity Assessment Procedures 
Chapter 8: Trade Defense 
Chapter 9: Cooperation 
Chapter 10: Transparency  
Chapter 11: Administration  
Chapter 12: Dispute Settlement  
Chapter 13: Exceptions 
Chapter 14: Final Provisions 
 
3  PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS 
3.1  Import duties and charges,  and quantitative restrictions 
3.1.1  General provisions 
3.1.  The Parties agree to establish a free trade area within a maximum transition period of 
15 years, with the latest instalment foreseen for 1 January 2029.  
3.2.  GATT Article III on national treatment is inco rporated into the Agreement. National treatment 
applies to all levels of government. 
3.3.  Applied tariff rates on originating goods are to be progressively reduced/eliminated 
(Article 3.4) from the base rate; for Chile, the base rate was the 2012 MFN. Any increase in their 
rates, or imposition of any new customs duties is forbidden, unless explicitly provided for in the 
Agreement. Upon request of the other Party, consultations shall be organized to modify reduction commitments in cases where MFN rates are reduced and also when acceleration of the reduction 
commitments is being sought. Unilateral acceleration remains possible at any time. As of May 
                                               
3 The text of the Agreement is available on the Parties' websites: http://www.direcon.gob.cl/detalle-de-
acuerdos/?idacuerdo=11857  and http://www.moit.gov.vn/en/Pages/detaildocument.aspx?vID=283   WT/REG365/1 
 
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  2016, no acceleration has taken place. No automatic rendezvous clause is provided for with 
respect to trade liberalization. 
3.4.  All non-tariff measures on imports, includin g quantitative restrictions and import licensing, 
based on the fulfilment of performance requirem ents are forbidden under the Agreement, unless 
explicitly provided therein or in accordance with the WTO Agreement. The following measures are 
nevertheless authorized, in accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 3.6 and Annex 3-A: 
a. for Chile, measures restricting the import of used vehicles, provided the measures 
comply with the WTO Agreement; and 
b. for Viet Nam, measures listed in its Pr otocol of Accession to the WTO. Import 
prohibitions apply, to goods generally considered harmful to human health and safety or national security, or necessary to comply with international treaties and conventions to 
which Viet Nam is party; their domestic production is either prohibited or subject to 
strict controls. Prohibited goods include drugs, military material, second-hand consumer goods including textiles and household electric goods, used materials and equipment 
including tires and motorbikes.
4  
3.5.  Goods are valued in accordance with the WTO Agreement on Customs Valuation. Fees, 
charges, formalities and requirements imposed in connection with importation are to be in 
conformity with the WTO, and shall be available for consultation through the internet. Consular 
fees and charges are eliminated in the bilateral trade. 
3.6.  A Committee on Trade in Goods is established under Article 3.12. 3.1.2  Liberalization of trade and tariff lines 
3.7.  The Parties are to progressively reduce/eliminate their tariff rates. The first reduction took 
place on 1 January 2014 and subsequent reductions are to take place on 1 January of the relevant year. Tariff elimination is as follows: 
a. for Chile, there are three categories leading to duty-free tariffs – entry into force (EIF) of 
the Agreement, and 5 and 10 years after EIF,  while products under category "X" are 
excluded from any tariff reduction or elimination commitments; and 
b. for Viet Nam, there are nine categories lead ing to duty-free tariffs, 10 categories where 
tariffs are reduced ("P"), one category where tariffs are "bound" at the base rate (standstill under category "S"); finally, prod ucts under category "X" are excluded from 
any tariff reduction or elimination commitments. Reduced rates under "P" take either the 
form of a 20% or 50% margin of preference (MOP) applied as of year 11 (2024) or a 
fixed, reduced rate. Reduced rates are set at the levels of 5%,15%, 16%, 20%, 25% or 40%, and are implemented either once in year  11, in years 6 and 11, or progressively 
reduced to reach the final rate in year 11. 
3.8.  Chile has a flat tariff structure with a 6% MFN rate and very few duty-free lines - 35 in 2014, 
accounting for 0.4% of the total number of tariff lines;
5 2011-2013 figures show negligible imports 
from Vietnam on those lines. Table 3.1 points to a front-loaded liberalization, with significant 
market access improvement at entry into force, when an additional 84.1% of the tariff became 
duty-free. Using 2011-2013 bilateral trade figures, this means that potentially 65.6% of imports 
into Chile originating in Viet Nam could become duty-free. Elimination of tariffs on an additional 
1,137 lines, accounting for 34.4% of trade, is to be progressive from entry into force. The second 
highest liberalization will take place in 2024, and will benefit products of major export interest to Viet Nam: if compared to that of 2019, the number of lines liberalized in 2024 is only 2% higher, 
but additional trade liberalized reaches 19% on the basis of 2011-2013 imports. After full 
implementation of its commitments, Chile will maintain tariffs on 63 tariff lines accounting for negligible imports from Vietnam in 2011-2013. Excluded products include 41 tariff-lines subject to 
                                               
4 A list of prohibited products can be found in Table 3.7 of document WT/TPR/S/287/Rev.1.  
5 In 2014, Chile's tariff consisted of 7,785 tariff lines at the HS eight-digit level. Of these all have 
ad valorem  rates of duty except 41 lines , which have compound rates. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  the price-band system applied on wheat and sugar;  other sugars of HS1702, chocolate, other food 
preparations and retreated tyres – the latter in any case subject to import prohibition - are also excluded from coverage by the Agreement. 
Table 3.1
 Chile Tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement and corresponding 
average trade 
Duty phase-out 
period Number of 
lines % of total 
lines in 
Chile's tariff 
schedule Value of Chile's 
imports from 
Viet Nam  
(2011-2013) 
US$ million a % of Chile's total 
imports from  
Viet Nam 
(2011-2013) 
2014 (MFN) 35 0.4 0.0 0.0 
2014 6,550 84.1 139.2 65.6 
2019 491 6.3 16.4 7.7 
2024 646 8.3 56.7 26.7 
Remain dutiable 63 0.8 0.0 0.0 
TOTAL 7,785 100.0 212.2 100.0 
a Import coverage is from HS chapters 1-97. 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. 
 Based on the HS2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Chile. 
 
3.9.  Viet Nam's tariff structure is very diverse, with about one-third of its tariff lines - 31.8% - 
being duty-free.6 As indicated in Table 3.2, on the basis of 2011-2013 bilateral trade figures, 
87.5% of Chile's imports into Viet Nam already benefit from duty-free treatment prior to the 
Agreement's entry into force - a very different situation from that of Chile's imports from Viet 
Nam. Tariff elimination at entry into force was granted to an additional 2.6% of tariff lines, while the bulk of tariffs are to be eliminated in 2024, following ten years of implementation. In terms of 2011-2013 trade, however, major liberalization take s place at the end of the transition period: 
between entry into force and 2027, tariff elimination could potentially benefit 1.9% of Chilean 
imports, while in 2029 that could affect extra 5.9% of imports.  
3.10.  Viet Nam's liberalization takes place over a longer time-frame from that of Chile; once the 
last instalment of liberalization in 2029 will have taken place, 10.8% of its tariff lines (1,025 lines) 
will remain subject to duties. these include meat and prepared foods, sugar, alcoholic beverages, tobacco-related products, cars, motorcycles, tyres. Taken together, all tariff lines remaining 
dutiable account for 4.7% of impo rts from Chile during 2011-2013.  
Table 3.2 Viet Nam - Tariff eliminatio n commitments under the Agreement and 
corresponding average trade
 
Duty phase-out 
period Number of 
lines % of total 
lines in Viet 
Nam's tariff 
schedule Value of Viet Nam's 
imports from Chile 
(2011-2013) 
US$ million % of Viet Nam's 
total imports from  
Chile 
(2011-2013) 
MFN (2014) 3,019 31.8 297.5 87.5 
2014 246 2.6 0.4 0.1 
2019 245 2.6 0.1 0.0 
2021 610 6.4 2.1 0.6 
2024 3,928 41.4 3.4 1.0 
2027 235 2.5 0.6 0.2 
                                               
6 In 2014 Viet Nam's tariff consisted of 9,479 tariff lines at the HS eight-digit level, all of which have 
ad valorem  rates of duty. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  Duty phase-out 
period Number of 
lines % of total 
lines in Viet 
Nam's tariff 
schedule Value of Viet Nam's 
imports from Chile 
(2011-2013) 
US$ million % of Viet Nam's 
total imports from  
Chile 
(2011-2013) 
2029 171 1.8 20.2 5.9 
Remain dutiable 1,025 10.8 15.9 4.7 
TOTAL 9,479 100 340.2 100 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. 
 Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data from WTO IDB, UNSD, Comtra de and Viet Nam. 
 
3.1.3  Liberalization schedule 
3.1.3.1  Chile 
3.11.  Table 3.3 shows liberalization by Chil e under the Agreement by HS Section. While 
liberalization of agricultural products, generally  captured under HS Sections I-IV, is already 
significant at entry into force, the vast majority of products remaining dutiable are also 
agricultural: they are found in Sections II (veget able products) and IV (prepared food). Six lines 
remain dutiable in Section VII (plastics and rubber); final average tariff rates remain at 6%. 
3.12.   These six lines are excluded from the RTA; th erefore, MFN and preferential duties are the 
same. The majority of the tariffs imposed on text iles and footwear (Sections XI and XII) - which 
accounted for more than half of Chile's imports from Viet Nam during 2011-2013 - are eliminated as of entry into force; for footwear, the reminder will be liberalized within a five-year transition 
period while the transition for textiles will last until 2024.
 
Table 3.3 Chile : Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS Section  
HS 
Section MFN 
Average 
% No. of 
lines Duty-free 
lines under 
the  
MFN 2014 Number of duty-free 
lines under the 
Agreement 
Remain 
dutiable Avg. Final Tariff  
(Dutiable) 
2014 2019  2024 
I 6.0 742  742     
II 6.0 704  649 13 8 34 6.0 
III 6.0 68  68     
IV 6.0 464  441   23 6.0 
V 6.0 195  190 1 4   
VI 6.0 1,219  1,049 152 18   
VII 6.0 295  203 63 23 6 6.0 
VIII 6.0 74  73 1    
IX 6.0 137  135  2   
X 5.9 200 4 166 11 19   
XI 6.0 949  604 61 284   
XII 6.0 60  43 17    
XIII 6.0 166  85 57 24   
XIV 6.0 56  56     
XV 6.0 613  374 62 177   
XVI 6.0 1,042 2 944 34 62   
XVII 5.5 326 29 280 10 7   
XVIII 6.0 247  247     
XIX 6.0 21  21     WT/REG365/1 
 
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  HS 
Section MFN 
Average 
% No. of 
lines Duty-free 
lines under 
the  
MFN 2014 Number of duty-free 
lines under the 
Agreement 
Remain 
dutiable Avg. Final Tariff  
(Dutiable) 
2014 2019  2024 
XX 6.0 200  173 9 18   
XXI 6.0 7  7     
Total 6.0 7,785 35 6,550 491 646 63 6.0 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. 
 Based on the HS2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Chile. 
 
3.13.  Chile is authorized to maintain its price-band system that applies to 41 tariff lines (Article 3.8; for a list of products, see Annex 2), provided it is applied consistently with the WTO. An MFN 
clause is however embedded in the Article so th at any more favourable treatment granted to a 
third country, including in the context of existing or future RTA notified to the WTO under Article XXIV of the GATT 1994, is extended to Viet Nam.
7 As of May 2016, no changes had been 
made as regards the application of price band.   
3.1.3.2  Viet Nam 3.14.  Information contained in Table 3.4 indicates that only HS Sections XII (footwear, prepared 
feathers, artificial flowers, articles of human hair) and XXI (works of arts) are fully liberalized by 
the end of the transition period. At the other end of the spectrum, the smallest liberalization takes 
place in Sections XVII (vehicles and transport equipment) and IV (prepared foodstuff, beverages, tobacco) - with respectively 57% and 38% of the tariff lines remaining dutiable. Section XI 
(textiles), with less than 1% of lines remaining dutiable, has the highest average final duty at 
60%; these correspond to worn clothes and used or new rags. Removal of tariffs imposed on base metals - Section XV, which accounted for 73% of Viet Nam's imports from Chile during 2011-2013 
– will take place under different timeframes, with the most significant liberalization taking place 
within 10 years, while around 15% of its lines will remain dutiable. 
Table 3.4 Viet Nam: Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS Section 
HS 
Section MFN 
Average 
% No. of 
lines Duty-
free 
lines 
under 
the  
MFN 
2014 Number of duty-free lines under the 
Agreement 
Remain 
dutiable 
Avg. Final Tariff  
(Dutiable) 2014 
2019 
2021 
2024 
2027 
2029 
I 11.8 521 83 3 3 77 186 43 21 105 9.8 
II 15.2 474 70 7 4 62 277 10 19 25 22.2 
III 15.0 156   46 24 83   3 5.0 
IV 28.2 443 37  2 4 115 79 40 166 30.8 
V 5.5 204 75 4 8 52 19 2 8 36 13.2 
VI 3.1 1,157 684 48 2 142 250 12 2 17 17.5 
VII 8.4 480 87 15  139 138 26  75 16.8 
VIII 12.5 100 30 5 2 11 42 9  1 25.0 
IX 6.8 157 73  5 29 39 9  2 5.0 
X 11.5 269 38  2 17 187 6  19 14.9 
XI 12.4 1,079 95 4 146 1 828   5 60.0 
                                               
7 Under the Chile-United States RTA, for example, price-band has been progressively reduced and has 
been fully eliminated on wheat as of 1 January 2015; for sugar, elimination of the price-band as of the same 
date applies in cases of surplus. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  HS 
Section MFN 
Average 
% No. of 
lines Duty-
free 
lines 
under 
the  
MFN 
2014 Number of duty-free lines under the 
Agreement 
Remain 
dutiable 
Avg. Final Tariff  
(Dutiable) 2014 
2019 
2021 
2024 
2027 
2029 
XII 23.1 74 4  7  57 6   - 
XIII 17.7 215 13 9   153 5 14 21 33.3 
XIV 12.9 81 18  2  44  2 15 21.6 
XV 7.7 909 346 38 4 7 331 28 23 132 7.8 
XVI 6.2 2,067 1,015 96 9 25 792  22 108 18.5 
XVII 24.1 486 85 7   114  1 279 34.3 
XVIII 4.5 329 222 3  19 84   1 5.0 
XIX 3.5 27 23       4 23.8 
XX 18.2 239 12 7 3 1 186  19 11 22.0 
XXI 2.5 12 9    3    - 
Total 10.5 9,479 3,019 246 245 610 3,928 235 171 1,025 22.7 
Note: Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data from WTO IDB, UNSD, Comtra de and Viet Nam. 
 
3.15.  Chart 3.1 depicts the final average of dutiable rates by HS Chapter. Out of the 46 Chapters 
in which duties remain, preferential tariffs apply with respect to 31 of them, with the difference between the average MFN and the pref erential tariff varying from 12 percentage points for articles 
of stone of Chapter 68 to 0.5 percentage points  on plastics of Chapter 39. For the remaining 
15 Chapters, there is no difference between the MFN and the final rate under the Agreement. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  Chart 3.1 Viet Nam: Average of dutiable rates, by HS Chapter 
010203040506070
02 03 04 08 09 10 11 15 16 19 20 22 25 39 40 44 48 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 76 83 84 85 87 90 94 12 13 17 24 27 28 30 33 36 38 42 63 89 93 95Average duty rate, %
HS Chapter
Preferential MFNNo preferences Preferences  apply
 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. 
 Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source: WTO estimates based on data from WTO IDB, UNSD, Comtra de and Viet Nam. 
 
3.1.4  Tariff rate quotas 
3.16.  Tariff rate quotas are not applied under the Agreement. 
3.2  Rules of origin 
3.17.  Chapter 4 provides that the following are considered "originating products": 
a. a good that is whole obtained or produced in a Party, in accordance with Article 4.3; 
b. goods that do not satisfy a. above (Article 4.4), provided that: 
i. either the regional value content (RVC) is at least 40%. The RVC is calculated by 
deducting the (fob) value of non-original materials or goods from the (cif) value of the final good (Article 4.5); or 
ii. all the non-originating materials used in the production of the goods have undergone 
a change in tariff classification (CTC) at the heading level (4 digit); or 
c. exceptions to the general rules of origin under  b. apply; these require the fulfilment of 
product-specific rules of origin included in Annex 4-B. Exceptions apply generally as 
follows: for Chapters 1-16, 20-22 and 72, th e CTC is at the level of the Chapter; for 
certain products of Chapters 84, 85, 94 and 96, the CTC is at the level of the WT/REG365/1 
 
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  subheading; for products of Chapter 73, only the RVC applies while for certain copper 
products of Chapter 74, the RVC is increased to 50%. 
3.18.  Whenever different criteria may be used to confer origin, the exporter shall be free to 
choose which rule it will use. 
3.19.  Bilateral cumulation applies (Article 4.6). Th e absorption principle - i.e. considering as fully 
originating an intermediate material that has acquired originating status through the RTA's rules of origin once incorporated into a final product - does not apply under the Agreement.  
3.20.  Article 4.7 lists minimal operations which per se  do not confer origin. Direct consignment 
between the parties is required to qualify for tariff preferences, but transit - with or without transhipment and storage - is permitted if the entry is justified for geographical or transport requirements reasons; if the goods have not entered into trade or consumption in the non-Party 
territory; and if they have not undergone operations other than unloading, reloading or any 
operation designed to preserve them in good co ndition. Rules are also provided for imports of 
originating goods following an exhibition in a non-Party and imports of identical or interchangeable 
materials.  
3.3  Export duties and charges,  and quantitative restrictions 
3.21.  The general prohibition of non-tariff export restrictions under Article 3.6 explicitly prohibits 
voluntary export restraints. Based on the exception to this general rule (Article 3.6.3 and 
Annex 3-A), Viet Nam prohibits from export certain agricultural, fisheries, and forestry products including some minerals, and some aquatic species are subject to export conditions. These restrictions are not eliminated under the Agreement. 
3.22.  The Agreement has no rule regarding export duties; Viet Nam's export duties applied on an 
MFN basis are thus maintained in bilateral trade. 
3.23.  Fees, charges, formalities and requirements imposed in connection with exportation are to 
be in conformity with the WTO, and shall be available for consultation through the internet. 
3.4  Regulatory provisions on trade in goods 3.4.1  Standards 
3.4.1.1  Sanitary and phytosanitary measures 
3.24.  Chapter 6 applies to all sanitary and phyt osanitary (SPS) measures of a Party that may, 
directly or indirectly, affect trade between the Parties. The Parties reaffirm their rights and 
obligations under the WTO Agreement on SPS Measures (SPS Agreement) with respect to each 
other; its definitions, as set out in Annex A, ar e incorporated into this Chapter (Articles 6.4 and 
6.1, respectively). The Parties also agree to coop erate in relevant international standards-setting 
bodies recognized by the SPS Agreement. 
3.25.  Article 6.5 establishes that, upon request of a Party, consultations on SPS matters shall be 
held through the contact points established under Article 6.7; these are listed in Annexes 6-A and 6-B. Consultations are to be carried out within 60 days from the receipt of the request and shall 
aim at finding a mutually satisfactory solution. In case of failure, recourse to the Agreement's 
dispute settlement provisions is possible and the consultations held would replace those foreseen in dispute settlement procedures. A "Committee on SPS Measures" is established under Article 6.6.  
3.4.1.2  Technical barriers to trade 
3.26.  Chapter 7 applies to all standards, technical regulations and conformity assessment 
procedures as defined by the WTO's Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement, except when such technical specifications have been prepared by government bodies for their own production or 
consumption or they constitute a SPS measure. Article 7.3 specifies that a Party is free to prepare, 
adopt and apply technical regulations and standards necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective taking into account the risks non-fulfilment would create. WT/REG365/1 
 
- 13 - 
 
  3.27.  The Parties reaffirm their rights and oblig ations under the TBT Agreement with respect to 
each other. International standards shall generally be used as a basis for the Party's technical regulations, and the principles adopted in the TBT Agreement shall be applied by the Parties 
(Article 7.5). The Parties are invited in particular to identify bilateral initiatives regarding 
standards, technical regulations and conformity as sessment procedures with a view to facilitating 
mutual trade (Article 7.6).  
3.28.  The Chapter encourages equivalence and mutual recognition by the Parties, as follows: 
a. by considering favourably the equivalence of technical regulations, provided the Party is 
satisfied that that they fulfil the objectives of its own technical regulations (Article 7.7); 
b. by exchanging information on existing mechanisms aiming at facilitating the equivalence 
of conformity assessment procedures (Article 7.8); 
c. by the application of national treatment for accreditation, authorization or recognition of 
conformity assessment bodies in the territory of the other Party;  
d. by encouraging negotiations/conclusion of mutual recognition agreements of conformity 
assessment bodies; and 
e. upon request, an explanation is to be provided for the refusal to grant 
equivalence/recognition under a. to c. above, or a refusal to engage in negotiations 
under d. above. 
3.29.  Transparency provisions contained in Ar ticle 7.10 focus on providing an opportunity to 
comment on proposed technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures. In particular, they invite - or upon request of the other Pa rty require - the Party concerned to provide the 
objective and rationale for the proposed techni cal regulation or conformity assessment. An 
electronic transmission to the other Party is also to be made at the time of notification to the WTO, with notification 60 days prior to publication (as in the WTO) being required for any proposals to 
adopt new technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures. In cases of urgency, as so 
described under the TBT Agreement, the WTO notification shall be simultaneously transmitted electronically to the other Party. The Parties are also encouraged to publish or make available 
information on their responses to comments received  no later than the date of publication of the 
final technical regulation or conformity assessment procedure.  
3.30.  Enquiry points are to be designated and the Parties duly informed (Article 7.11).
8 
Information is to be exchanged either in printed or electronic format within a reasonable period 
(Article 7.12). Technical cooperation measures are contained in Article 7.9, while Article 7.13 
establishes a "Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade". 
3.4.2  Safeguard mechanisms 
3.31.  Chapter 8 authorizes the use of global and bilateral safeguard measures (respectively 
Sections A and B). Simultaneous application (on the same product during the same period) of a global and a bilateral safeguard is prohibited (Article 8:5:4). As of May 2016, no safeguard 
measures have been imposed under the Agreement. 
3.4.2.1  Global safeguards 3.32.  Article 8.1 confirms that the Parties retain  their rights and obligations under Article XIX of 
the GATT 1994 and the WTO Safeguards Agreement.  
3.4.2.2  Bilateral safeguards 
3.33.  Bilateral safeguards can only be imposed during a "transition period", defined as five years 
after entry into force - i.e. by the end of 2018. However, for those products with a longer tariff 
                                               
8 References to enquiry points are available at 
http://tbtims.wto.org/web/pages/settings/country/Selection.aspx. WT/REG365/1 
 
- 14 - 
 
  elimination implementation period, safeguards can be imposed for the whole duration of the 
staged tariff elimination.  
3.34.  Bilateral safeguards may take the form of a suspension of further tariff reductions foreseen 
under the Agreement, or of a tariff increase up to a level not exceeding the lesser of the MFN rate 
prevailing either at the time of the imposition of the measure or the day before the Agreement's 
entry into force (Article 8.4).  
3.35.  Subject to an investigation, in cases where imports of an originating product for which 
tariffs had been reduced or eliminated have increa sed in such quantities - both in absolute terms 
and relative to domestic production - and under such conditions as to constitute a substantial cause of serious injury, or threat thereof, to the domestic industry of a like or directly competitive goods, the imposition of bilateral safeguards is authorized, provided this is necessary to prevent or 
remedy serious injury, or threat thereof, and to facilitate adjustment of the domestic industry. The 
procedural and transparency requirements for the investigation are as in the WTO Safeguards Agreement; Articles 3 and 4.2(a) and (c) of the latter are incorporated mutatis mutandis  into the 
Agreement (Article 8.6). Notification and consultation disciplines are also similar to those under 
the WTO Agreement (Article 8.8). 
3.36.  The initial application of a safeguard measure may last a maximum of two years, with a 
possible extension of one year; the maximum duration cannot go beyond three years. Regardless 
of its duration, safeguards shall terminate at the expiry of the transition period. Re-imposition of safeguards on the same good is forbidden (Article 8.5). Safeguards that are expected to be imposed for more than one year shall be progressively liberalized at regular intervals to facilitate 
adjustments.  
3.37.  Disciplines regarding provisional measures (Article 8.7) are similar to those under the WTO, 
with one novelty - provisional measures cannot be applied before two months after the initiation of 
the investigation (Article 8.8:3). Beyond that, disciplines mirror those under the WTO, namely 
these can be imposed in critical circumstances upon a preliminary determination of injury or threat thereof, their maximum duration is of 200 days, refund is to be paid in case of negative 
determination, and its duration is to count as part of the period of imposition of the measure.  
3.38.  Compensation shall be provided upon the application of a safeguard measure. The 
compensation, of equivalent trade effect, is to be mutually agreed with the exporting Party; if no 
such agreement is reached within 30 days, retaliation is authorized (Article 8.9). Retaliation is 
however not authorized for the first year of application of a safeguard measure. The obligation to 
compensate and the right to retaliate ends on the date of termination of the bilateral safeguard. 
3.4.2.3  Balance-of-payments safeguards 
3.39.  The Agreement encourages the Parties to avoid imposing restrictive measures for balance-
of-payments (BOP) purposes (Article 13.4). The Agreement explicitly states that any measure taken for BOP purposes shall be in accordance with the Party's rights and obligations under GATT 
1994, including the Understanding on the BOP Provisions of GATT 1994, and shall lead to 
immediate consultations with the other Party. The Parties' rights and obligations under the Articles of the Agreement of the International Monetary  Fund are not modified by the Agreement. 
3.4.3  Anti-dumping and countervailing measures 
3.40.  The Agreement states that the rights and ob ligations of Parties with respect to anti-dumping 
duties and countervailing measures (CVM) are those of Article VI of the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the GATT 1994, and the WTO Agreement on 
Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. 
3.4.4  Subsidies and State-aid 3.41.  The Agreement contains no disciplines regarding subsidies, beyond those regarding export 
subsidies for agricultural prod ucts (see 3.51.   below). WT/REG365/1 
 
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  3.4.5  Customs-related procedures 
3.42.  Chapter 4, in its Annexes 4-A and 4-C, deals with issues related to Certification of Origin 
and verification of origin. Chapter 5 deals with customs administration and trade facilitation. 
3.43.  Preferential treatment is granted on the basi s of the presentation of a Certificate of Origin, 
included in Annex 4-C of the Agreement, issued in accordance with the Operation Certification 
Procedures (OCP, Annex 4-A). The Certificate is issued by the issuing authority of the exporting Party; self-certification is not provided for. The Parties shall provide for websites with key 
information on the Certificate with the purpos e of allowing for its checking. The Agreement 
foresees that an electronic system of certificatio n of origin will be implemented at the latest by 
December 2015; as of May 2016, no such a system was in place. Certificates, which normally remain valid for 12 months from the date of issuance, are to be issued prior to, or at the time of, 
shipment; retroactive certificates up to a maximu m of one year after the date of shipment may 
also be issued (Rules 1-9 of the OCP). The need for a Certificate is waived if the import value is under US$200 fob, unless multiple importation had been arranged aimed at avoiding certification 
requirements (Rule 10). 
3.44.  The procedure for control and verification of the origin of a good is described in rules 11-14. 
This may involve a request for additional information (Rule 12) and/or a verification visit 
(Rule 13). When requesting additional information, the Customs Authority of the importing Party is 
to specify the reasons or other information pointing to the inaccuracy of the Certificate. Additional information shall be provided within 90 days from the date of receipt. During that period as well as during any verification visit that might be carri ed out, preferential treatment may be suspended 
but the goods shall be released to the importer, unless subject to appropriate administrative 
measures (Rule 12). 
3.45.  Upon request by the Customs Authority of the importing Party - with a minimum of 40 days 
advance notice - and upon agreement of the exporter or producer, a verification visit may be 
conducted by the authorities of the importing and exporting Parties. Relevant information to be included in all written notifications and to be collected during the verification visit is specified in 
Rules 12 and 13. The reply stating either acceptance or refusal of the verification visit is to be 
made within 30 days from the request; in case of acceptance, the exporting Party authority may postpone the visit, which in any case is to be made within 60 days (or later if mutually agreed) from the receipt of the request. Within 45 days from the last day of the visit, the exporting 
authority shall inform its importing counterpart on information collected during the visit. The 
verification process, from the receipt of the request up to the final determination shall last a maximum of 180 days (Rule 13). 
3.46.  Preferential treatment may be denied by  the importing authority where the goods do not 
qualify as originating. It may also be denied in cases where relevant responses are not provided in due time, or a verification visit is refused, or  in cases of insufficient information (Rule 14). 
3.47.  The importing Party authority shall inform its exporting counterpart of its final determination 
within 45 days from receipt of the relevant information from the latter; the exporter of the good is to be informed by its national authorities. The issuing authority of the exporting Party shall promptly inform the exporter and its importing counterpart of the cancellation of a Certificate of 
Origin; on that basis, the importing authorities ma y deny preferential treatment. In cases where a 
Certificate of Origin is rejected by the Customs Authority of the importing Party (Rule 8), the grounds for such a rejection shall be specified and the Certificate shall be returned to the issuing 
authority.  
3.48.  Information exchanged between the Parties shall be treated as confidential (Rule 15). The 
Annex also provide for sanctions under domestic legislation for false declaration (Rule 18) and the 
obligations of the exporter, importer and the i ssuing authority (Rules 19-21, respectively). No 
provision exists for advanced rulings. 
3.49.  Retroactive claims of preferential treatm ent (Rule 22) are dealt with differently by the 
Parties. In the case of Chile, the importer can claim a refund on customs duties paid within one 
year from importation, upon presentation of a written declaration of origin, a Certificate of Origin WT/REG365/1 
 
- 16 - 
 
  and any other import-related document required by Chile. For Viet Nam, preferential treatment 
should be accorded in accordance with domestic law and regulations. 
3.50.  Chapter 5 provides for Parties to maintain review and appeal procedures open to their 
importers. It also specifies the Parties' obligations with respect to release of goods and customs 
controls; the use of risk management methodology by the Customs Authorities and cooperation on 
capacity building for trade facilitation. As regard s prevention or investigation of violations of 
customs law and regulations, Article 5.8 encourag es the Party's customs authorities to provide 
each other mutual assistance on the basis of requests made by its counterpart; no specific 
timeframes are however specified. Customs authorities are also invited to cooperate as regards enforcement of illicit trafficking. The Chapte r also encourage the use of information and 
communication technology and of systems of pape rless trade, as developed by the World Customs 
Organization, and the provision of information on any customs-related matter. The confidential 
nature of information exchanged between the cu stoms authorities, and possible circumstances 
where these might be disclosed, is addressed in Ar ticle 5.11. Finally, Article 5.14 provides that 
provisions and procedures applicable or enforced by the Parties' customs authorities are to be 
published on the internet or printed and that en quiry points are to be designated to address 
enquiries from the other Party.
9  
3.5  Sector-specific provisions  
3.5.1   Agriculture 3.51.  The Parties agree not to introduce nor main tain any export subsidies for agricultural goods 
destined for the territory of the other Party (Artic le 3.9), in accordance with their WTO obligations. 
They also agree to work together in the WTO to  extend this prohibition to all WTO Members. 
4  GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT 4.1  Transparency 
4.1.  Transparency provisions are addressed in Chapter 10. Each Party shall establish an enquiry 
point in its territory to facilitate bilateral communications (Article 10.2); publish or make otherwise available, without undue delay, its laws, regulations, procedures and administrative rulings of 
general application (Article 10.3); notify any existing or future measure that may affect substantial 
interests of a Party (Article 10.4); and ensure that  its administrative proceedings are applied in a 
consistent, impartial and reasonable manner (Article 10.5). With respect to administrative proceedings, the Agreement provides that, when possible, affected persons of a Party are informed 
of the proceeding and have the opportunity to participate in it before any definitive administrative 
action is taken. 
4.2.  Each Party shall also establish or maintain judicial or administrative tribunals or procedures 
for review and appeal of the final administrative actions for matters covered by the Agreement. 
Such tribunals must be impartial, independent from administrative authorities. It shall also be ensured that parties to the proceedings are given the right to support their respective positions 
(Article 10.6). 
4.2  Current payments and capital movements 4.3.  The Agreement makes no reference to current payments and capital movements. 4.3  Exceptions 
4.4.  Exceptions to the Agreement's disciplines are contained in Chapter 13, as follows: 
a. general exceptions (Article 13.1), applying with respect to Chapters 3 to 7 of the 
Agreement, are regulated by incorporating in to the Agreement Article XX of the GATT 
1994, its notes and supplementary provisions;  
                                               
9 Available at www.aduana.cl . WT/REG365/1 
 
- 17 - 
 
  b. security exceptions (Article 13.2) establis h that nothing in the Agreement shall be 
interpreted as requiring a Party to disclose information contrary to its essential security interests, nor to prevent the adoption of measures necessary to protect a Party's essential security interests or to fulfil its obligations in accordance with the United 
Nations Charter on the maintenance of international peace and security; 
c. taxation exceptions (Article 13.3) make clear that generally the Agreement does not 
apply to taxation matters nor affect any taxation convention. The Agreement does 
however apply on taxation measures to the extent these are regulated by the GATT 
1994; 
d. BOP measures, as specified in paragraph 3.39.   above; and 
e. exceptions relating to the disclosure of information (Article 13.5) provide that nothing 
under the Agreement requires a Party to furnish or allow access to confidential 
information whose disclosure could impede law enforcement, or be contrary to the public interest or which would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of public or private 
enterprises. 
4.4  Accession and Withdrawal 4.5.  Either Party may terminate the Agreement by written notification to the other Party; 
termination will take effect 180 days after the notification. 
4.5  Institutional framework 4.6.  The Agreement's main body is the Free Trade Commission, established in accordance with 
Article 11.1. The Commission consists of relevant government officials of each Party. The 
Commission is responsible for reviewing and monitoring the implementation and operation of the 
Agreement and considering and deciding these aims, including acceleration of market access commitments and modification of rules of origin; establishing subsidiary bodies and seeking to 
resolve disputes that may arise. The Agreement foresees that the Commission establishes its own 
rules and procedures; as of May 2016, these had not been adopted.  Decisions are to be taken by 
mutual agreement. The Commission is to meet at least once a year; its first meeting took place in 
November 2014 in Chile. 
4.7.  Numerous issue-specific bodies are established under the Agreement; these have already 
been referred to elsewhere in this Factual Presentation.  
4.6  Dispute settlement 
4.8.  Chapter 12 applies to disputes related to the interpretation or application of the Agreement if 
a measure of the other Party is inconsistent with the Agreement or the other Party has failed to carry out its obligations under the Agreement. Dispute settlement is not available for nullification 
or impairment. 
4.9.  The Parties will make every effort to arrive at a mutually satisfactory resolution of the matter 
through consultations (Article 12.3). Parties may select the forum in which to settle the dispute if it 
concerns obligations under the Agreement, any other trade agreement to which both Parties are 
party to or the WTO. Once the complaining Party has requested the establishment of arbitral tribunal, the Agreement's procedures shall be used to the exclusion of others (Article 12.2). 
4.10.  Dispute settlement involves consultations, intervention by the Commission and the 
establishment of an Arbitral Tribunal (AT), composed of three arbitrators, which will examine the 
case and present a final report to the disputing Parties. The system provides for a preliminary 
report on which the Parties can comment, a final report and an implementation mechanism that 
may lead to authorization to retaliate but also a review of these measures (see below). 
4.11.  The Agreement foresees that Rules of Procedure are to be agreed at the first Commission 
meeting (Article 12:14). As of May 2016, the Ru les of Procedure had not been adopted and no 
consultations or dispute settlement cases had been initiated. WT/REG365/1 
 
- 18 - 
 
  Chart 4.1 Dispute Settlement Provisions of the Agreement 
 
 
 Max. 30 (15) days  
Technical advice requested (Art. 12.8:5 & 12.11)  
 Comments by the Parties (Art. 12.10:5)
 Final AT report transmitted
to the Parties (Art. 12.10:7)  
 Implementation (Art. 12.12)
Immediate 
compliance 
 60 days  (+30)  from constitution of A T  Recourse to AT  by the other Party   
(Art. 12.13:6)  
 AT's Final decision  (Art. 12.13:7 )  Suspension of benefits  
by the Complaining Party  
(Art. 12.13:2)   
Termination  Request for consultations (Art. 12.3)  
 Consultations  
  (Art. 12.3)  
   Technical advice requested 
(Art. 12.4:2(a))  
Good offices, conciliation, 
mediation (Art. 12.4:2(b))  
Issue of recommendations 
(Art. 12.4:2(c))   Technical consultations  
(Art. 6.5)  
Meeting of the Commission 
within 20 days  Referral to 
Commission (Art. 12.4)  
 Request for establishment of an Arbitral Tribunal  (Art. 12.5)
 Establishment of AT (Art. 12.7)
 AT proceedings (Art. 12.8)   Max. 10  (5) days
  45 days
 max.10 days   Art. 12.5:1(c)   Art. 12.5:1(a)  
 Art. 12.5:1(b)  60 da ys  Request for SPS consultations (Art.6.5 ) 
 Max. 45 days
Appointment 3rd arbitrator by WTO DG (15 days)  or 
otherwise chosen (15+7 da ys) (Art. 12.7:4-5 ) Max. 30 (15) days  
 180 (60)  days
 Draft AT report (Art. 12.10)  
 15 days 
 Max. 15(10) days  More time needed  (Art.12.10:4)       
max. 30 da ys 
 20   days
 Publication  (Art. 12.10:8)   15 days
Definition of "reasonable 
length of time" (Art. 12.12) Max. 30 days 
Max. 45 days  AT determines "RLT"  
(Art. 12.12:3)  If no 
agreement 
If no a greement  
Determination o f AT regarding 
implementation  (Art. 12.12:4 ) 
Compensation 
consultation 
(Art. 12.13:1) Max. 20 
days Non-Implementation WT/REG365/1 
 
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  4.7  Relationship with other agreements concluded by the Parties 
4.12.  The Parties confirm their existing rights and obligations with respect to each other under the 
WTO Agreement and other agreements to which they are party (Article 1.2). 
4.13.  Chile is a Party to the Pacific Alliance, a free-trade area also comprising Colombia, Mexico 
and Peru. The Pacific Alliance Framework Agreement and its Additional Protocol were signed in 
June 2012 and February 2014, and entered into force on 20 July 2015 and 1 April 2016, respectively. The Alliance is a regional integration area aiming at the free movement of goods, 
services, capital and persons; preferential treatmen t has started to be applied in April 2016. Also 
to be noted, however, is that by that time a network of bilateral RTAs already existed among the 
four countries, and that many of the preferences under the Pacific Alliance were already implemented under their bilateral RTAs.  
4.14.  Both parties are also signatories to the Tr anspacific Partnership (TPP), signed on February 
2016. Ratification of this Agreement is still pending. 
4.15.  Other regional trade agreements to which Chile and Viet Nam are parties are listed in Table 
4.1. 
Table 4.1 Chile and Viet Nam: Participation in  other RTAs (notified and non-notified in 
force), as of 11 March 2016 
RTA Name Date of 
entry into 
force Coverage GATT/WTO Notification 
Year WTO Provision 
CHILE 
Hong Kong, China - Chile 09-Oct-14 Goods & Services 2014 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Nicaragua  
(Chile - Central America) 19-Oct-12 Goods & Services 2013 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Malaysia 25-Feb-12 Goods 2013 GATT Art. XXIV 
Turkey - Chile 01-Mar-11 Goods 2011 GATT Art. XXIV 
Chile - Guatemala  
(Chile - Central America) 23-Mar-10 Goods & Services 2012 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Colombia 08-May-09 Goods & Services 2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Australia - Chile 06-Mar-09 Goods & Services 2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Peru - Chile 01-Mar-09 Goods & Services 2011 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Honduras  
(Chile - Central America) 19-Jul-08 Goods & Services 2011 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Panama - Chile 07-Mar-08 Goods & Services 2008 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Japan 03-Sep-07 Goods & Services 2007 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - India 17-Aug-07 G oods 2009 Enabling Clause 
Chile - China 01-Oct-06 
01-Aug-10 Goods 
Services 2007 
2010 GATT Art. XXIV 
GATS Art. V 
Trans-Pacific Strategic 
Economic Partnership 08-Nov-06 Goods & Services 2007 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
EFTA - Chile 01-Dec-04 Goods & Services 2004 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Republic of Korea - Chile 01-Apr-04 Goods & Services 2004 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
US - Chile 01-Jan-04 Goods & Services 2003 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
EU - Chile 01-Feb-03 
01-Mar-05 Goods 
Services 2004 
2005 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - El Salvador  
(Chile - Central America) 01-Jun-02 Goods & Services 2004 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Costa Rica  
(Chile - Central America) 15-Feb-02 Goods & Services 2002 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Chile - Mexico 01-Aug-99 Goods & Services 2001 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Canada - Chile 05-Jul-97 Goods & Services 1997 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Global System of Trade 
Preferences among 
Developing Countries (GSTP) 19-Apr-89 Goods 1989 Enabling Clause 
Latin American Integration 
Association (LAIA) 18-Mar-81 Goods 1982 Enabling Clause WT/REG365/1 
 
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  RTA Name Date of 
entry into 
force Coverage GATT/WTO Notification 
Year WTO Provision 
Protocol on Trade 
Negotiations (PTN) 11-Feb-73 Goods 1971 Enabling Clause 
Pacific Alliance 01-May-16* Goods & Services Not notified 
Chile - Thailand 05-Nov-15 Goods Not notified 
LAIA - Accession of Panama 03-May-12 Goods Not notified 
Chile - Ecuador  
[LAIA, AAP.CE N°65] 25-Jan-10 Goods & Services Not notified 
Chile - Cuba  
[LAIA,AAP.CE N°42] 27-Jun-08 Goods Not notified 
MERCOSUR - Chile  
[LAIA, AAP.CE N°35] 01-Oct-96 Goods & Services Not notified 
Chile - Bolivia  
[LAIA, AAP.CE N°22] 06-Apr-93 Goods Not notified 
Chile - Venezuela  
[LAIA, AAP.CE N°23] 02-Apr-93 Goods & Services Not notified 
Chile - Argentina  
[LAIA, AAP.CE N°16] 02-Aug-91 Goods Not notified 
LAIA - Seeds  
[AAP.AG N°2] 07-Jun-93 Goods Not notified 
LAIA - Cultural Goods [LAIA 
AR.CEYC N°7] 28-Jul-01 Goods Not notified 
LAIA - Preferences in favour 
of Ecuador  
[LAIA, AR.AM N°2] 30-Apr-83 Goods Not notified 
LAIA- Preferences in favour 
of Paraguay  [LAIA, AR.AM N°3] 30-Apr-83 Goods Not notified 
LAIA - Preferences in favour 
of Bolivia  
[LAIA, AR.AM N°1]  30-Apr-83 Goods Not notified 
VIET NAM 
Republic of Korea - Viet Nam 20-Dec-15 Goods & Services 2016 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
ASEAN - India 01-Jan-10 
01-Jul-15 Goods 
Services 2010 
2015 Enabling Clause 
GATS Art. V 
ASEAN - Republic of Korea 01-Jan-10 
01-May-09 Goods 
Services 2010 GATT Art. XXIV, Enabling Clause 
& GATS Art. V 
ASEAN - Australia - New Zealand 01-Jan-10 Goods & Services 2010 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
Japan - Viet Nam 01-Oct-09 Goods & Services 2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V 
ASEAN - Japan 01-Dec-08 Goods 2009 GATT Art. XXIV 
ASEAN - China 01-Jan-05 
01-Jul-07 Goods 
Services 2005 
2008 Enabling Clause 
GATS Art. V 
ASEAN Free Trade Area 
(AFTA) 28-Jan-92 Goods 1992 Enabling Clause 
Global System of Trade 
Preferences among 
Developing Countries (GSTP) 19-Apr-89 Goods 1989 Enabling Clause 
ASEAN Framework 
Agreement on Services (AFAS)
 12-Aug-98  Services  Not notified 
 * Date of entry into force of the Additional Protoc ol to the Framework Agreement that implements the 
preferential treatment. The Framework Agreement entered into force on 20 July 2015. 
Source: WTO Secretariat.  
4.8  Intellectual property rights 
4.16.  The Parties shall provide procedures for the registration of geographical indications (GIs) for 
persons of the other Party, and without the requ irement for intercession by the other Party on 
behalf of its persons (Article 3.10). Viet  Nam grants a GI to Pisco from Chile.10  
                                               
10 That is without prejudice to the GI it grants to  Pisco from Peru. WT/REG365/1 
 
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  4.9  Others 
4.17.  Chapter 9 establishes a framework for cooperation in numerous areas as a way to expand 
and enhance the benefits of the Agreement; these include economic development, agriculture, mining and industry, culture, climate change. A Committee on Cooperation will be responsible for 
the implementation and follow-up of cooperation initiatives. 
4.18.  A rendez-vous clause is incorporated into Article 14.5, inviting Parties to consider, within 
three years from entry into force, the possibility to commence negotiations on trade in services, 
including financial services, and on investment. That would however not apply in cases where, 
within this time-frame, the Parties conclude another international agreement covering all these subjects. As of May 2016, no such negotiations have  been initiated given that, as confirmed by the 
Parties, both are also Parties to the Trans-Pacific Partnership which covers Services, Financial 
Services and Investment.   
 WT/REG365/1 
 
- 22 - 
 
  ANNEX 1 
1. A comparison between preferential tariff s applied under the scheduled elimination 
programmes of each Party and the MFN applied duties , by total, agricultural (WTO definition) and 
non-agricultural products, is shown in Tables A1.1 (Chile) and A1.2 (Viet Nam). Applied MFN duty 
rates in 2014 serve as a comparison. 
2. Table A1.1 provides a comparison between pref erential tariff rates for Chile's imports from 
Viet Nam and MFN rates applied by Chile at the entr y into force of the Agreement. Chile has a flat 
tariff structure with an average applied MFN rate of 6% across-the-board with only 0.4% of lines 
duty-free. At the Agreement's entry into force, th e average applied tariff for Vietnam fell to 0.8% 
overall, 0.3% for agriculture and 0.9% for non-agriculture. Vietnamese exporters enjoyed a relative margin of preference of 86% vis à vis the prevailing MFN tariff, 95% for agricultural goods 
and 85% for non-agricultural products. The share of  duty-tariff lines rose to 84.6% overall, 94.4% 
for agricultural products and 82.4% for non-agricultural products; by the end of implementation, 99.2% of the tariff is expected to have been liberalized for imports from Viet Nam, of which 99.9% 
for non-agricultural products and 96% for agriculture.  
Table A1.1 Chile: Indicators of MFN tariff rates and preferential rates for imports from 
Viet Nam 
Origin 
of 
goods Year ALL PRODUCTS Agricultural productsa Non-agricultural products  
Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) 
MFN 2014 6.0 6.0 0.4 6.0 6.0 0.0 6.0 6.0 0.5 
Viet Nam 2014 0.8 5.2 84.6 0.3 5.8 94.4 0.9 5.2 82.4 
 2015 0.7 4.5 84.6 0.3 5.5 94.4 0.8 4.5 82.4 
 2016 0.6 3.8 84.6 0.3 5.3 94.4 0.7 3.7 82.4 
 2017 0.5 3.1 84.6 0.3 5.1 94.4 0.5 3.0 82.4 
 2018 0.4 2.4 84.6 0.3 4.8 94.4 0.4 2.3 82.4 
 2019 0.3 3.0 90.9 0.3 5.6 95.4 0.3 2.7 89.9 
 2020 0.2 2.5 90.9 0.3 5.5 95.4 0.2 2.2 89.9 
 2021 0.2 2.0 90.9 0.3 5.5 95.4 0.2 1.7 89.9 
 2022 0.1 1.5 90.9 0.2 5.4 95.4 0.1 1.1 89.9 
 2023 0.1 1.0 90.9 0.2 5.3 95.4 0.1 0.6 89.9 
 2024 0.0 6.0 99.2 0.2 6.0 96.0 0.0 6.0 99.9 
a WTO Definition. 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. 
 Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Chile. 
 
3. Table A1.2 shows that Viet Nam's average applied MFN rate in 2014 was 10.5%. Average 
tariffs on agricultural products were 17.7% and 9. 4% on non-agricultural products; 31.8% of tariff 
lines were MFN duty free (13.3% for agriculture and 34.8% for non-agriculture). At the date of 
entry into force of the Agreement, the average a pplied rate for imports from Chile fell to 9.8% 
overall, 16.9% for agriculture and 8.7% for non-agricultural products. The relative margin of 
preference enjoyed by Chilean exporters was limited – 6.7% vis-à-vis the prevailing MFN tariff - 
while it was 4.5% for agricultural products and 7.5% for non-agricultural products. The share of duty free lines increased to 34.4% overall, and 14% and 37.7% respectively for agriculture and non-agriculture; by the end of implementation, 89.2% of the tariff will have been liberalized, 
89.5% for non-agricultural products and 87.4% for agricultural products. WT/REG365/1 
 
- 23 - 
 
  Table A1.2 Viet Nam: Indicators of MFN ta riff rates and preferential rates for imports 
from Chile 
Origin 
of 
goods Year ALL PRODUCTS Agricultural productsa Non-agricultural products  
Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average applied 
tariff Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) Overall 
(%) On 
dutiable 
(%) 
MFN 2014 10.5 15.4 31.8 17.7 20.4 13.3 9.4 14.4 34.8 
Chile 2014 9.8 14.9 34.4 16.9 19.7 14.0 8.7 13.9 37.7 
 2015 9.3 14.3 34.4 16.1 18.8 14.0 8.3 13.3 37.7 
 2016 8.9 13.5 34.4 15.3 17.8 14.0 7.9 12.6 37.7 
 2017 8.3 12.7 34.4 14.3 16.6 14.0 7.3 11.8 37.7 
 2018 7.6 11.7 34.4 13.2 15.3 14.0 6.8 10.8 37.7 
 2019 6.9 10.9 37.0 12.0 14.7 18.4 6.1 10.1 40.0 
 2020 6.2 9.8 37.0 10.8 13.3 18.4 5.5 9.1 40.0 
 2021 5.3 9.4 43.5 9.2 13.1 29.7 4.7 8.6 45.7 
 2022 4.7 8.3 43.5 8.1 11.5 29.7 4.2 7.7 45.7 
 2023 4.0 7.1 43.5 6.9 9.8 29.7 3.6 6.6 45.7 
 2024 2.8 18.2 84.9 5.1 20.3 74.7 2.4 17.6 86.5 
 2025 2.7 17.7 84.9 4.9 19.3 74.7 2.3 17.3 86.5 
 2026 2.6 17.2 84.9 4.6 18.2 74.7 2.3 16.9 86.5 
 2027 2.5 20.2 87.6 4.3 23.8 81.9 2.2 19.3 88.5 
 2028 2.5 20.1 87.6 4.2 23.4 82.0 2.2 19.3 88.5 
 2029 2.5 22.8 89.2 4.1 32.7 87.4 2.2 20.9 89.5 
a WTO Definition. 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data from WTO IDB, UNSD, Comtra de and Viet Nam. 
 
4. Mutual market access conditions for each Party's top 25 exports in the 2011-2013 period are 
presented in Tables A1.3 and A1.4, together with an indication of the year in which duty free 
treatment was to be granted. The code and product description are given at the HS six digit level. 
The tables also show the number of tariff lines covered by the products concerned. 
5. Table A1.3 shows market access conditions in Chile for Viet Nam's top 25 exports, covering 
71 tariff lines, which in 2011-2013 accounted for 45.7% of its global exports. None of these 
products benefitted from duty-free treatment at the MFN level. As of entry into force, 20 products 
became duty-free, and one was partially liberalized; the remaining five products would become duty-free by 2024 at the latest. The products to be  liberalized in later years are rice, jerseys and 
wooden furniture, while sports footwear will be liberalized in 2019.  
Table A1.3 Chile: Market access opportunities  under the agreement for Viet Nam's top 
25 exports to the world 
Viet Nam's top export products 
in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Chile's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of 
duty free 
lines 
under the 
agree-
ment 
Remain Dutiable Ave-
rage 
MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2014 
2019 
2024 
851712 Telephones for cellular networks 
"mobile telephones" or for other wireless networks 10.3 6 1  1    WT/REG365/1 
 
- 24 - 
 
  Viet Nam's top export products 
in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Chile's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of 
duty free 
lines 
under the 
agree-
ment 
Remain Dutiable Ave-
rage 
MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2014 
2019 
2024 
270900 Petroleum oils and oils obtained 
from bituminous minerals, crude 6.7 6 2  2    
100630 Semi-milled or wholly milled rice, 
whether or not polished or glazed 2.9 6 3    3  
090111 Coffee (excl. roasted and 
decaffeinated) 2.6 6 1  1    
640399 Footwear with outer soles of 
rubber, plastics or composition leather, with uppers of leather  1.8 6 4  4    
400122 Technically specified natural 
rubber "TSNR" 1.6 6 1  1    
854430 Ignition wiring sets and other 
wiring sets for vehi cles, aircraft or 
ships 1.3 6 1  1    
080132 Fresh or dried cashew nuts, 
shelled 1.3 6 1  1    
851770 Parts of telephone sets, 
telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks and of other apparatus for the transmission or reception of voice, images or other data, n.e.s. 1.3 6 1  1    
030617 Frozen shrimps and prawns, even 
smoked, whether in shell or not, 
incl. shrimps and prawns in shell, 
cooked by steaming or by boiling 
in water  1.3 6 9  9    
847130 Data-processing machines, 
automatic, portable, weighing <= 10 kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display  1.3 6 1  1    
854231 Electronic integrated circuits as 
processors and controllers, 
whether or not combined with 
memories, converters, logic 
circuits, amplifiers, clock and 
timing circuits, or other circuits 1.2 6 1  1    
640411 Sports footwear, incl. tennis 
shoes, basketball shoes, gym shoes, training shoes and the like, with outer soles of rubber or plastics and uppers of textile materials 1.2 6 1   1   
270111 Anthracite, whether or not 
pulverised, non-agglomerated 1.1 6 1  1    
900691 Parts and accessories for 
photographic ca meras, n.e.s. 1.1 6 1  1    
844332 Machines which only perform one 
of the functions of printing, 
copying or facsimile transmission, 
capable of connecting to an 
automatic data processing 
machine or to a network 1.1 6 7  7    
640299 Footwear with outer soles and 
uppers of rubber or plastics  1.0 6 5  5    WT/REG365/1 
 
- 25 - 
 
  Viet Nam's top export products 
in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Chile's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of 
duty free 
lines 
under the 
agree-
ment 
Remain Dutiable Ave-
rage 
MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2014 
2019 
2024 
030462 Frozen fillets of catfish "Pangasius 
spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., 
Ictalurus spp." 1.0 6 1  1    
271019 Medium oils and preparations, of 
petroleum or bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, n.e.s. 0.9 6 12  12    
611020 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, 
waistcoats and similar articles, of 
cotton, knitted or crocheted  0.9 6 1    1  
711319 Articles of jewellery and parts 
thereof, of precious metal other than silver, whether or not plated or clad with precious metal  0.9 6 1  1    
640419 Footwear with outer soles of 
rubber or plastics and uppers of 
textile materials  0.8 6 1  1    
940350 Wooden furniture for bedrooms  0.8 6 5    5  
440122 Wood in chips or particles  0.8 6 5  5    
940360 Wooden furniture  0.8 6 4  3  1  
  Total of above 45.7 6.0 71 - 60 1 10 - 
Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source: WTO estimates based on data provid ed by Chile and UNSD, Comtrade database. 
 
6. Table A1.4 shows market access conditions in Viet Nam for Chile's top 25 exports, covering 
32 tariff lines, which in 2011-2013 accounted for 73.3% of its global exports. Thirteen products accounting for around 63.8% of trade and covering  15 tariff lines, benefitt ed already from duty 
free treatment at the MFN level. Three products (16 lines and 3.1% of trade) will remain dutiable 
at the end of the transition period, while the other nine products will be liberalized- but none at entry into force. The three products (22 tariff lines) remaining dutiable are wines (MFN average of 
50%), petroleum products (MFN average of 8.1%) and fresh salmon filets (MFN average of 15%).  
Table A1.4 Viet Nam: Market access opport unities under the agre ement for Chile's top 
25 exports to the world 
Chile's top export products in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Viet Nam's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share 
in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of duty free 
lines under the 
agreement 
Remain Dutiable  
Avera-
ge MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2019 
2021 
2024 
2029 
740311 Copper, refined, in the 
form of cathodes and sections of cathodes 28.1 0.0  1      
260300 Copper ores and 
concentrates 20.1 0.0  1      
740200 Copper, unrefined; copper 
anodes for electrolytic refining 4.3 0.0  1      WT/REG365/1 
 
- 26 - 
 
  Chile's top export products in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Viet Nam's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share 
in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of duty free 
lines under the 
agreement 
Remain Dutiable  
Avera-
ge MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2019 
2021 
2024 
2029 
080610 Fresh grapes 1.9 10.0 1     1  
220421 Wine of fresh grapes, incl. 
fortified wines, and grape must whose fermentation has been arrested by the addition of alcohol, in containers of <= 2 l (excl. sparkling wine) 1.9 50.0 5      5 
710812 Gold, incl. gold plated with 
platinum, unwrought, for 
non-monetary purposes 
(excl. gold in powder form) 1.9 0.0  1      
470321 Semi-bleached or bleached 
coniferous chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate (excl. dissolving grades) 1.6 0.0  1      
470329 Semi-bleached or bleached 
non-coniferous chemical 
wood pulp, soda or 
sulphate (excl. dissolving 
grades) 1.5 0.0  1      
260111 Non-agglomerated iron 
ores and concentrates (excl. roasted iron pyrites) 1.5 0.0  1      
261310 Roasted molybdenum ores 
and concentrates 1.2 0.0  1      
280120 Iodine 1.0 0.0  1      
080810 Fresh apples 1.0 10.0 1     1  
440710 Coniferous wood sawn or 
chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed, of a thickness of > 
6 mm 0.9 0.0  1      
030312 Frozen Pacific salmon 
(excl. sockeye salmon "red 
salmon") 0.7 12.0 1    1   
740811 Wire of refined copper, 
with a maximum cross-sectional dimension of > 6 mm 0.6 7.5 2  1  1   
710691 Silver, incl. silver plated 
with gold or platinum, 
unwrought (excl. silver in 
powder form) 0.6 1.0 1  1     
310420 Potassium chloride for use 
as fertiliser  0.6 0.0  1      
271019 Medium oils and 
preparations, of petroleum 
or bituminous minerals, 
not containing biodiesel, 
n.e.s. 0.6 8.1 16      16 
230120 Flours, meals and pellets 
of fish or crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates, unfit for 
human consumption 0.6 0.0  3      
030441 Fresh or chilled fillets of 
Pacific salmon  0.6 15.0 1      1 WT/REG365/1 
 
- 27 - 
 
  Chile's top export products in 2011-2013 Access Conditions to Viet Nam's import markets 
HS number and description of the 
product Share 
in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 2014 No. of duty free 
lines under the 
agreement 
Remain Dutiable  
Avera-
ge MFN 
applied 
rate 
(%) No. of 
dutia-
ble 
lines No. 
of 
duty 
free 
lines 
2019 
2021 
2024 
2029 
081040 Fresh cranberries, 
bilberries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium 0.5 15.0 1   1    
030314 Frozen trout  0.5 10.0 1     1  
020329 Frozen meat of swine  0.5 15.0 1    1   
740400 Waste and scrap, of 
copper  0.5 0.0  1      
440122 Wood in chips or particles  0.5 3.0 1   1    
Total of above 73.3 10.3 32 15 2 2 3 3 22 
Note: For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. Based on the HS 2012 nomenclature. 
Source:  WTO estimates based on data from WTO IDB, UNSD, Comtra de and Viet Nam. 
 
 WT/REG365/1 
 
- 28 - 
 
  ANNEX 2 
CHILE: PRODUCTS SUBJECT TO THE PRICE-BAND SYSTEM 
10019100 10019933 10019961 10019993 
10019911 10019939 10019962 10019999 10019912 10019941 10019963 11010000 10019913 10019942 10019969 17011200 10019919 10019943 10019971 17011300 10019921 10019949 10019972 17011400 10019922 10019951 10019973 17019100 10019923 10019952 10019979 17019910 10019929 10019953 10019991 17019920 10019931 10019959 10019992 17019990 10019932 
 
__________