G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2  
G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2  
 
7 April 2014  
(14-2194)  Page: 1/10  
Committee on Safeguards 
 Original: English  
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(B) OF THE AGREEMENT 
ON SAFEGUARDS ON FINDING A SERIOUS INJURY 
OR THREAT THEREOF CAUSED 
BY INCREASED IMPORTS 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(C) OF THE AGREEMENT 
ON SAFEGUARDS ON TAKING A DECISION 
TO APPLY A SAFEGUARD MEASURE 
(EXTENSION OF THE EXISTING MEASURE) 
 
NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9, FOOTNOTE 2, 
OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS 
TURKEY 
Supplement 
(Travel Goods, handbags and similar containers) 
The following communication, dated 4 April 2014, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of Turkey. 
 
_______________ 
 
 
We enclose a notification pursuant to Article 12.1( c) and Article 9, footnote 2 of the Agreement on 
Safeguards, on taking a decision to extend a safeguard measure that is being applied against 
imports of travel goods, handbags and similar containers and  non-application of the safeguard 
measure to developing countries. The initial safeguard measure was notified with the document G/SG/N/8/TUR/9-G/SG/N/10/TUR/9-G/SG/N/11/TUR/9, dated 18 March 2008. 
 
Consistent with Article 12.3 of the Agreement on Sa feguards, Turkey is ready to hold consultations 
with those Members having a substantial interest as exporters of the product concerned.  
1  NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(C ) OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS UPON  TAKING A 
DECISION TO EXTEND A SAFEGUARD MEASURE 
1.1  Evidence that the safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or 
remedy serious injury or threat th ereof caused by increased imports 
The investigation has been conducted by Turkish Investigating Authority. The yearly figures 
between 2010 and 2013 were examined. Following figures (other than consumption and market 
shares) on economic indicators of domestic producers are based on the data submitted by 
domestic producers. Figures on consumption and market shares are based on the estimations of 
domestic sales of all domestic producers and imports.  
The figures on economic indicators of domestic producers are presented in four groups in terms of 
the type of product: Suitcases and similar goods (Group A), plastic or textile handbags, wallets and similar goods (Group B1), other handbags, wallets and similar goods (Group B2), other 
containers (Group C). 
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  i. Consumption 
Consumption (Kg-Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 133 132 141 
Change (%)  33,45 -1,39 7,20 
Group B1 100 120 110 121 
Change (%)  20,04 -8,12 10,08 
Group B2 100 107 102 99 
Change (%)  6,85 -4,52 -3,13 
Group C 100 101 104 110 
Change (%)  1,04 2,68 6,47 
 
Domestic consumption of travel goods, handbags and similar containers for the product groups A, 
B1 and C have increased over the years 2010-2013, for the product group B2 consumption has fluctuated and decreased after 2011 
 
ii. Market Share 
Market Share 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A Imported Products 52 57 54 55 
Domestic Products 48 43 46 45 
Group B1 Imported Products 50 52 48 52 
Domestic Products 50 48 52 48 
Group B2 Imported Products 45 59 51 55 
Domestic Products 55 41 49 45 
Group C Imported Products 24 30 28 30 
Domestic Products 76 70 72 70 
 
For all product groups market share of imports have increased over the years 2010-2013. Increase 
in the market share of imports is most significant for the year 2011. In 2012 the figures have decreased and in 2013 began to increase again.  
 
iii. Production 
Production (Kg – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 126 132 144 
Change (%)  25,75 5,08 9,00 
Group B1 100 123 110 116 
Change (%)  23,47 -10,80 4,93 
Group B2 100 114 121 128 
Change (%)  13,97 6,49 5,57 
Group C 100 114 115 125 
Change (%)  14,50 0,81 8,62 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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For the years 2010-2013 in all product groups excluding product group B1, domestic production have continuously increased. Despite some fluctuations in the group B1, general trend is positive over the years 2010-2013. 
 
iv. Capacity and Capacity Utilization 
Capacity (Kg – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 118 128 129 
Change (%)  18,30 8,37 0,44 
Group B1 100 110 105 111 
Change (%)  10,23 -4,53 5,58 
Group B2 100 106 107 107 
Change (%)  6,23 0,71 -0,21 
Group C 100 109 114 115 
Change (%)  9,48 3,79 1,53 
 
Despite some fluctuations, over the years 2010-2013 in all product groups, production capacity of 
domestic producers has increased. The increase is most significant in the product group A. During 
on spot visits this increase has also been verified.   
Capacity Utilization 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 71 76 74 80 
Change (%)  6,30 -3,03 8,52 
Group B1 68 77 72 71 
Change (%)  12,01 -6,57 -0,61 
Group B2 55 59 63 66 
Change (%)  7,29 5,75 5,79 
Group C 65 68 66 71 
Change (%)  4,59 -2,87 6,99 
 
On the table above capacity utilization ratio (CUR ) of domestic producers is presented. CUR have 
increased in all product groups in 2011, decreased in all product groups in 2012 except for the 
product group B2 and increased again in 2013 except for the product group B1. However the overall trend is positive for all product groups over the years 2010-2013. 
 
v. Domestic Sales 
Domestic Sales (Kg – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 120 125 131 
Change (%)  19,52 4,92 4,40 
Group B1 100 114 115 115 
Change (%)  14,19 0,48 0,63 
Group B2 100 80 91 82 
Change (%)  -19,56 13,55 -10,46 
Group C 100 93 98 102 
Change (%)  -7,12 5,44 4,41 
 
Domestic sales of the domestic producers have in creased for the product groups A and B1 over the 
years 2010-2013. On the other hand domestic sales of product groups B2 and C have fluctuated. G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  For these product groups domestic sales have significantly decreased in 2011. For the group C 
domestic sales increased after 2011 but domestic sales in group B2 continued to fluctuate after 2011.   
vi. Employment 
Employment (persons – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 117 122 129 
Change (%)  17,02 4,30 5,61 
Group B1 100 119 121 131 
Change (%)  18,52 2,15 8,48 
Group B2 100 138 143 150 
Change (%)  37,68 3,61 5,24 
Group C 100 138 143 152 
Change (%)  37,89 3,70 6,56 
 
Employment figures of domestic producers are pr esented in the table above. In every product 
group employment has significantly increased ov er the years 2010-2013. The increase is most 
significant in 2011.  
 
vii. Productivity 
Productivity (Kg – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 107 108 112 
Change (%)  7,46 0,75 3,21 
Group B1 100 104 91 88 
Change (%)  4,18 -12,68 -3,27 
Group B2 100 83 85 85 
Change (%)  -17,22 2,78 0,31 
Group C 100 83 81 82 
Change (%)  -16,96 -2,79 1,93 
 
Productivity is calculated as the total weight (k g) of products produced per person. Productivity 
has fluctuated over the years 2010-2013. While for the product group A productivity has 
increased, for the product groups B1, B2 and C, productivity has decreased significantly.   
viii. End of Period Inventories 
End of Period Inventories 
(Kg – Index) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A 100 80 101 98 
Change (%)  -19,74 26,33 -2,85 
Group B1 100 117 136 139 
Change (%)  17,03 16,28 2,05 
Group B2 100 95 111 121 
Change (%)  -5,27 16,96 9,09 
Group C 100 129 139 137 
Change (%)  29,25 7,45 -1,44 
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  End of period inventories is presented in the tabl e above. For the period 2010-2013, end of period 
inventories have increased except for the product group A.   
ix. Profitability 
 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Profitability (%) 4,2 3,3 3,9 3,7 
Change (%) 
 -  21,4 18,2 -   5,1 
 
Domestic producers of travel goods, handbags and similar containers produce most of the product groups. Therefore profitability is not given by product groups but given as a whole. As seen in the 
table profitability has fluctuated over the years, however the level of profitability is quite low.  
 
x. Conclusion 
Despite the safeguard measure on travel goods, handbags and similar containers, in every product 
group imports have increased over the years 2010-2013. Despite a slight decrease in imports in 2012, imports have significantly increased in year s 2011 and 2013. The rate of increase over the 
years 2010-2013 is 50,6%, 27,5%, 19,4% and 36,5% for the product groups A, B1, B2, and C 
respectively.   On the other hand, besides the absolute increase in imports, imports have increased relative to 
domestic production. In other words, except for the product group B2 for all other product groups 
imports relative to domestic production have increased.  
Furthermore, despite the safeguard measure, in ea ch product group market share of imports have 
increased. Parallel to the increase in consumption, domestic production have also increased however domestic production relative to imports has decreased. For the periods where 
consumption is parallel or decreasing, economic indicators of domestic production are more likely 
to go negative. For the period 2010-2013 consumption has increased by 34,1%. However despite increase in consumption, increase in domestic production is rather limited and for the product group B2 domestic production has decreased.  
 
On the other hand, over the period 2010-2013, exce pt for the group A, end of period inventories 
have increased. In the period where domestic demand and consumption have increased, rise in 
end of period inventories infers lack of adjustment of the domestic industry. 
 Over the period 2010-2013, profitability has not exceeded 4,2%, and has a decreasing trend. This 
is mainly stemming from low import prices' pressuring the market prices. Domestic producers 
taking market share only with low profitability rates. This situation is an important sign that the safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or remedy serious injury.  
In conclusion, there is a positive trend in some of the economic indicators, in fact this is mainly 
stemming from strong increase in consumption.  When the absolute and relative increase in 
imports are taken into account together with the economic indicators and the market share of 
domestic producers, it can be concluded that safeguard measure continues to be necessary to 
prevent or remedy serious injury.  
1.2  Information on increase in imports in  absolute term or relative to domestic 
production 
An analysis of the increase in imports of the product concerned has been carried out over the 
period 2010-2013. Both in absolute terms and rela tive to domestic production imports of the 
product concerned increased considerably.  
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  i. General View of Imports 
Product 
Groups Year Quantity 
(Kg) Value 
(USD) Unit 
Price  Change in 
Quantity 
(%) Change in 
Value (%) Change in 
Unit Pr. (%)  
Group A 2010 3.095.562 29.986.632 9,69       
2011 4.535.640 43.745.800 9,64 46,52 45,88 -0,52 
2012 4.253.565 41.489.354 9,75 -6,22 -5,16 1,14 
2013 4.662.008 45.292.060 9,72 9,60 9,17 -0,31 
Group B1 2010 7.414.189 162.438.990 21,91    
2011 9.341.796 207.045.573 22,16 26,00 27,46 1,14 
2012 7.841.943 186.157.069 23,74 -16,06 -10,09 7,13 
2013 9.450.922 229.151.383 24,25 20,52 23,10 2,15 
Group B2 2010 392.825 41.013.262 104,4 
   
2011 544.572 61.751.001 113,4 38,63 50,56 8,60 
2012 451.276 62.584.977 138,7 -17,13 1,35 22,30 
2013 468.825 76.627.172 163,5 3,89 22,44 17,86 
Group C 2010 1.544.765 31.082.164 20,12 
   
2011 1.960.222 40.529.911 20,68 26,89 30,40 2,78 
2012 1.887.083 44.019.344 23,33 -3,73 8,61 12,81 
2013 2.107.823 52.448.109 24,88  11,70 19,15 6,64 
Total 2010 12.447.341 264.521.048 21,25 
   
2011 16.382.230 353.072.285 21,55 31,61 33,48 1,42 
2012 14.433.867 334.250.744 23,16 -11,89 -5,33 7,45 
2013 16.689.578 403.518.724 24,18 15,63 20,72 4,41 
 
In each product group, imports (quantity) of travel goods, handbags and similar containers' 
increased in 2011 with respect to 2010, and decreased in 2012 with respect to previous year, and increased again in 2013 with respect to 2012. Total imports raised by 34% over the 
years 2010-2013. 
 On the other hand, in terms of value, imports of product concerned have had a parallel course with 
respect to the change in quantity. However for the product groups B2 and C, increase in imports 
continued. Furthermore there is also a slight increase in the unit prices of imports. So in conclusion, there has been an absolute increase in imports of the product concerned. 
 
ii. Imports Relative to Domestic Production 
Ratio of the imported quantity to the domestic  production of Turkish domestic industry is 
demonstrated in terms of periods below. 
 
Imports / Domestic Production (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 
Group A Imports / Domestic 
Production (%) 100 116,5 104,0 104,6 
Change (%)  16,5 -10,8 0,6 
Group B1 Imports / Domestic 
Production (%) 100 102,0 96,0 110,3 
Change (%)  2,0 -5,9 14,9 
Group B2 Imports / Domestic 
Production (%) 100 121,6 94,7 93,1 
Change (%)  21,6 -22,2 -1,6 
Group C Imports / Domestic 
Production (%) 100 110,8 105,8 108,8 
Change (%)  10,8 -4,5 2,8 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  According to the figures above, quantity of imports relative to domestic production have fluctuated 
but over the period 2010-2013 except for the group B2 in every product group imports relative to 
domestic production has increased.   
1.3  Precise description of the product involved 
The products concerned are travel goods, handbags and other containers that are currently 
classified within the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedu le under the subheading 42.02. These products 
have been divided into 4 groups according to features such as their supply chains, functions, 
characteristics, economic life, and consumer perceptions and demand. Group A consist of trunks, suitcases, vanity cases and travelling-bags; Group B1 and B2 consist of executive-cases, 
briefcases, toilet bags, rucksacks, handbags, sp orts bags, wallets and purses of sheeting of 
plastics, textile materials, and vulcanised fibre being in group B1 and of other materials being in 
Group B2; Group C consist of spectacle cases, bino cular cases, camera cases, musical instrument 
cases, gun cases, holsters, insulated food or be verages bags, map-cases, cigarette cases, tobacco-
pouches, tool bags, bottle-cases, jewelry boxes, powder boxes, cutlery cases and similar 
containers.  
1.4  Description of any part of  the imported product that will no longer be subject to the 
measure in the extension 
The CN Codes within Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule that are no longer subject to the measure in 
the extension are listed below. 
 
4202.19.90.30.00, 4202.19.90.50.00, 4202.39.00.20.00, 4202.39.00.30.00, 4202.39.00.40.00, 4202.39.00.50.00, 4202.39.00.60.00, 4202.99.00.30.00, 4202.99.00.40.00, 4202.99.00.50.00, 
4202.99.00.60.00 
 1.5  Precise description of the proposed measure 
It is proposed to impose definitive safeguard me asure as an additional financial duty. For each 
period the amount of additional financial duty is shown in the table above.  
Customs 
Code Product Description Additional Financial Duty 
1st Period 2nd Period 
42.02* Travel goods, handbags and 
similar containers 2,40 USD/Kg - Max 
3,50 USD/Piece 2,30 USD/Kg - Max 3,25 
USD/Piece 
* 4202.19.90.30.00, 4202.19.90.50.00, 4202.39.00.20.00, 4202.39.00.30.00, 4202.39.00.40.00, 
4202.39.00.50.00, 4202.39.00.60.00, 4202.99.00.30.00, 4202.99.00.40.00, 4202.99.00.50.00, 4202.99.00.60.00 CN codes are excluded from the measure. 
 
1.6  Proposed date of introduction of the measure 
The measure will come into force in 8 April 2014.  
 
1.7  Expected duration of the measure 
The expected duration of the proposed measure is two years. 
 
1.8  Proposed date for the review  
Not applicable. 
 
1.9  Expected timetable for progre ssive liberalization of the measure 
The measure is proposed to be liberalized annually as stated in the Section 1.5. 
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  1.10  If the notification relates only to a find ing of serious injury or threat thereof, and 
does not relate to a decision to apply or extend a safeguard measure: 
Not applicable. 
 
1.11  Information relating to the extension of a safeguard measure 
Evidence that the safeguard measure continues to be necessary to prevent or remedy serious 
injury or threat thereof is provided in Section 1.1. 
 
Evidence that the industry concerned is adjusting:  The information obtained during the investigation and on-spot verification visits show that the 
sector's adjustment process has been accelerated. In this sense, different product types began to 
be produced and the sub-industry production ha d performed significant progress. For example, 
rickshaws which are the basic components of the su itcases started to be produced with different 
types, also many of the components like zippers , buckles, buttons, beams began to be produced 
by sub-industry, and this shows the positive impa ct of the measure for the competitiveness of the 
sector.  
 
O n  t h e  o t h e r  h a n d ,  s o m e  d o m e s t i c  m a n u f a c t u r e r s  s t a r t e d  t o  e n g a g e  i n  s o m e  p u b l i c  a n d  international companies' procurements. This shows the scale and the production standard development of domestic manufacturers. In addition, in various regions of Turkey such as Mardin 
and Ordu, new factories with international standards have been opened and new investment 
studies are being continued. New investments in different regions of Turkey not only show the 
adjustment of domestic producers, it is also a po sitive indicator of socio-economic development of 
these regions in terms of its contribution for the wealth of the rural community. 
 On-spot verification visits show that firms made achievements in the following areas. 
 
-  Increase in the quality and standards of the production through renovation of machinery -  Increase in product diversity  -  Concentration on different product designs  
-  Fordist production technology to increase efficiency and cost-reduction process 
-  Branding, participation in trade fairs and similar activities   
 Education 
 Vocational training is one of the industry's most focused topics. Qualified personal that sector 
needs are trained in the technical schools at both undergraduate and graduate level education to 
support the improvement of the sector's human resources.  Istanbul Leather and Leather Products Exporters' Association ( İDMİB ) Zeytinburnu Girls Technical 
High School during the 2006-2007 academic training in leather garments and leather goods has its 
first graduate students in 2010 to 2011 study period. These new graduates begun to take part in the sector and contribute to the sector.  
 
In 2007/08 school year, by the coordination of Ae gean Leather and Leather Products Exporters' 
Union, Aegean Shoe Manufacturers' Association and the Izmir University of Economics, "Shoe and 
Bag Design Courses" given to Fashion Design Department students, and this education began its 
effects with new designs in the industry. By İDMİB, leather goods training programs organized for 
the various sub-groups, thus contributing to the training of skilled manpower in the sector needs. 
 
 Promotion & design: 
 Leather Promotion Group which is found in 2005, carried out promotion activities in local and 
overseas to improve the image and strength of th e industry and contribute to the branding and 
design perception. Leather promotion group also participated many trade fairs like AYMOD fair and IDF Istanbul Leather Fair and contributed sector's branding and PR efforts. 
 
To ensure the development of the Leather goods industry, competitions are being held under the 
"detail" framework of leather products as a part of DTG activities in 2012. Including leather goods G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  sector, in all sub-categories, each of the winners get prize money and given education in fashion 
schools abroad. Also, a design competition is held by Aegean Leather and Leather Products Exporters' Union for leather goods.   
 Other Studies 
 Textile, Garment , Leather Sector Strategy which pr epared by the coordination of the Ministry of 
Science, Industry and Technology for the period  2013-2017, will improve the competitiveness of 
the sector.  All sector firms were informed about the REAC H compliant products with a seminar in 2012. 
 
In order to have a parallel standard with the European Union, a Vocational Qualification project is prepared under the coordination of İDMİB.  
 
Reference to the WTO document that notified the initial application of the measure:  
Introduction of the definitive safeguard measure was notified with the document 
G/SG/N/8/TUR/9-G/SG/N/10/TUR/9-G/SG/N/11/TUR/9 dated 18 March 2008.  Duration of the measure from initial application till the date at which it will be extended: 
 
The initial safeguard measure was applied from 8 April 2008 to 7 April 2011 and then the measure 
was extended until 7 April 2014. Turkey now intends to extend the safeguard measure until 
7 April 2016. 
 Precise description of the measure in place prior to the date of extension 
 
With the Council of Ministers decision published in the Official Gazette dated 23 October 2011, 
safeguard measure was put into force in import s of the travel goods, handbags and similar 
containers. For each period the amount of additional financial duty is shown in the table below. 
 
Customs 
Code Product 
Description Additional Financial Duty 
1st Period 2nd Period 3rd Period 
42.02 Travel goods, 
handbags and similar containers 2,70 USD/Kg - Max 
4,25 USD/Piece 2,60 USD/Kg - Max 
4,00 USD/Piece 2,50 USD/Kg - 
Max 3,75 USD/Piece 
 
1.12  Information relating to exporting members 
i. The major exporting Members of imports of the product involved: 
The main exporter to Turkey for the product conc erned is the Peoples' Republic of China. China 
has 88,9% import share in 2013.  
ii. There are no exporting Members to which th e measure does not apply for any reason 
other than the application of Article 9.1 
1.13  Members are encouraged to attach, in  an electronic form, publicly available 
document(s) containing the relevant decisi on(s) made by the competent authority.  
The official documents regarding the investigation and the final decision are available in the link 
below. 
 
http://www.tpsa.gov.tr/index.cfm?sayf a=1B08513F-AB63-D1BC -CFA69B6F6F75D1EA  
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/10/TUR/9/Suppl.2 • G/SG/N/11/TUR/9/Suppl.2 
 
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  1.14  Notification pursuant to Article 9, Footnote 2 of the Agreement on Safeguards 
1.15  The measure It is proposed to impose safeguard measure as described in Section 1.5. 
 
1.16  The product subject to the measure 
The measure is applied to the product described in Section 1.3. 
 
1.17  Developing countries to which the meas ure is not applied under article 9.1 of the 
Agreement on Safeguards. 
The developing countries which are excluded from the measure as they export in quantities less 
than 3% of imports to Turkey are listed below.  
 
Afghanistan; Algeria; Antigua and Barbuda; Angola; Argentina; American Samoa; Anguilla; Antarctica; Aruba; Azerbaijan; Barbados; Bangladesh; Burkina Faso; Bahrain; Burundi; Benin; 
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; Brunei Da russalam; Bolivia; Brazil; Bahamas; Bhutan; 
Botswana; Belize; Bermuda; Bouvet Island; British Virgin Islands; British Indian Ocean Territory; Democratic Republic of Congo; Central African Republic; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Cameroon; Chad; 
Colombia; Costa Rica; Cuba; Cape Verde; Cayman  Islands; Chile; Christmas Islands; Cocos 
Islands; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Fiji; Federated States of Micronesia; Falkland Islands; French Polynesia; French Southern Territories; Gabon; Grenada; Ghana; Gambia; Georgia; Greenland; Guinea; Equatorial Guinea; 
Guatemala; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Gibraltar; Guam; Honduras; Haiti; Heard Island and 
McDonald Islands; India; Indonesia; Iraq; Iran; Jamaica; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Cambodia; Kiribati; Comoros; St. Kitts and Nevis; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Laos; Lebanon; St. Lucia; Sri Lanka; 
Liberia; Lesotho; Libya; Morocco; Madagascar; Marshall Islands; Mali; Moldova; Mongolia; 
Mauritania; Mauritius; Malaysia; Maldives; Malawi; Mozambique; Macao; Mayotte; Mexico; Montserrat; Myanmar; Namibia; Niger; Nigeria; Nicaragua; Nepal; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles; 
New Caledonia; Niue Island; Norfolk Island; Northern Mariana Islands; Oman; Panama; Peru; 
Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Pakistan; Palau; Paraguay; Pitcairn; Qatar; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Samoa; Saudi Arabia; Solomon Islands; Seychelles; Sudan; Sierra Leone; Senegal; 
Somalia; Suriname; Sao Tomé and Principe; El Salvador; Swaziland; South Africa; South Georgia 
and South Sandwich Islands; South Sudan; St. He lena and Dependencies; St. Pierre and Miquelon; 
Tajikistan; Thailand; Togo; Tunisia; Tonga; East Timor; Trinidad and Tobago; Turkmenistan; Tuvalu; Tanzania; Tokelau; Turks and Caicos Islands; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United 
States Minor Outlying Islands; Uganda; Urugua y; Uzbekistan; St. Vincent; Vietnam; Vanuatu; 
Virgin Islands of US; Wallis and Futuna  Islands; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe. 
 
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