FINAL DRAFT UGANDA 
STANDARD  
  FDUS EAS 412-1 
First  Edition  
2013-mm-dd 
 
 Reference number  
FDUS EAS 412-1: 2013 
© UNBS 201 3 
  
Steel fo r the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: Plain bars  
 FDUS EAS 412-1: 2013 
ii                © UNBS  2013 - All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. User s are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 20 13 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm , without prior written 
permission from UNBS.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to  
The Executive Director  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
P.O. Box 6329  
Kampala  
Uganda  
Tel: 256 41 505 995  
Fax: 256 41 286 123  
E-mail: unbs@infocom.co.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  
 FDUS EAS 412-1: 2013 
© UNBS  2013 - All rights reserved                 iii National foreword  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Tourism, Trade and 
Industry established under Cap 327, of the Laws of Ugan da. UNBS is mandated to co -ordinate the elaboration 
of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT/SPS Agreements of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of repres entatives of 
consumers, traders, academicians, manufacturers, government and other stakeholders.  
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
This Final Draft Uganda Standard, FDUS EAS 412-1: 2013, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: 
Plain bars , is identical with  and has been reproduced from an East African  Standard , EAS 412-1: 2013 , Steel 
for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: Plain bars , and is being proposed for adoption as a Uganda 
Standard.  
Wherever the words, “ East African  Standard" appear, they should be replaced by "Uganda Standard."  
 
   FDEAS 412-1: 2013  
ICS 77.140.20  
© EA C 2013                                                                                                                         Second Edition 2013   
 
FINAL DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: Plain bars  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
ii © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
This EAC document is copyright -protected by EAC. While the reproduction of this document by 
participants in the EAC standards development process is permitted without prior permission from EAC, 
neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for 
any other purpose without prior written permission from EAC.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed  
as shown below or to EAC’s member body in the country of the requester:  
© East African Community  2013  — All rights reserved  
East African Community   
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Tanzania  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.  
Violators may be persecuted  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Symbols  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  2 
4 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
5 Dimensions, masses per unit length and permissible deviations  ................................ ...................  3 
6 Chemical composition  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  3 
7 Mechanical properties ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  4 
7.1 Tensile properties  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 4 
7.2 Bending properties  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  5 
8 Testing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  5 
8.1 Tensile test  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  5 
8.2 Bend test  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  6 
8.3 Chemical analysis  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 6 
9 Designation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  6 
10 Marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  6 
11 Evaluation of c onformity  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  7 
11.1  General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  7 
11.2  Certification scheme  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  7 
11.3  Acceptance testing of a specific delivery  ................................ ................................ ...........................  7 
11.3.2  Verification of characteristic values  ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 7 
11.3.3  Verification of specified minimum/maximum values  ................................ ................................ .........  9 
11.3.4  Test report  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  9 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  10 
 
 FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
iv © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged 
within the Community will be removed.  
In order to achieve this objective, the Community established an East African Standards Committee mandated 
to develop and issue East African Standards.   
The Commit tee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together 
with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards 
are circulated to stakeholders through the National S tandards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments 
received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures 
of the Community.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing .  
FDEAS 412-1 was prepared by Technical Committee EASC/TC 035, Steel and steel products . 
This second  edition cancels and replaces the first  edition (EAS  412-1:2005 ) which  has been technically 
revised.  
FDEAS  412 consists of the following parts, under the general title Steel for the reinforcement of concrete : 
 — Part 1: Plain bars  
— Part 2 : Ribbed  bars 
— Part 3: Welded fabric  
 
 FINAL DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
 
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  1 
 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: Plain bars  
1 Scope  
This part of FDEAS 412  specifies technical requirements for plain bars to be used as reinforcement in 
concrete.  
This part of FDEAS 412 covers nine steel grades not intended for welding ( B240A -P, B240B -P, B240C -P, 
B240D -P, B300A -P, B300B -P, B300C -P, B300D -P and B420D -P), and one steel grade (B420DWP ) intended 
for welding .). The production process is at the discretion of the manufacturer.  
. The requirements of this part of FDEAS 412 applies to straightened product  and to plain bars supplied in coil 
form. The steel grades are designated with steel names allocated in accordance with ISO/TS 4949.  
NOTE  The first ―B‖ stands for steel for reinforcing concrete. The next 3 digits represent the sp ecified characteristic 
value of upper yield strength. The fifth letter stands for ductility class (4.4). The next symbol relates to welding; ― -‖ means 
not intended for welding and ―W‖ means intended for welding. The last ―P‖ stands for plain bar.  
This par t of FDEAS 412 covers products delivered in straight lengths.  
Plain bars produced from finished products, such as plates and railway rails, are excluded  from this standard .  
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies.  
ISO 404,  Steel and steel products — General technical deliver y requirements   
  
ISO 10144, Certification scheme for steel bars and wires for the reinforcement of concrete structures  
ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical 
composition  
ISO 15630 -1, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete and pre -stressing of concrete — Test methods — Part 1: 
Reinforcing bars, wire rod and wire   
ISO/TR 9769, Steel and iron — Review of available methods of analysis  
ISO/TS 4949,  Steel names based on letter symbols  
 FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
2 © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 3 Symbols  
The symbols used in this part of FDEAS 412  are listed in Table 1.  
 
Table 1 — Symbols  
Symbol  Unit Description  Reference  
A5 % Percentage elongation after fracture  7.1, 8.1  
Agt % Percentage total elongation at maximum force  7.1, 8.1  
An mm2 Nominal cross -sectional area  Clause 5, 8.1  
D mm Nominal diameter of the bar  Clause 5, 8.1, 8.2, Clause 9  
Fk — Required characteristic value  11.3.2.3.1  
k, k′ — Indices  11.3.2.3.1  
Mn — Mean value of n individual values  11.3.2.3.1  
N — Number of individual values  11.3.2.3.1  
ReH N/mm2 Upper yield strength  7.1  
Rm N/mm2 Tensile strength  7.1  
R ρ0.2 N/mm2 0,2 % proof strength, non -proportional 
extension  7.1  
Sn — Standard deviation for n individual values  11.3.2.3.1  
Xi — Individual value  11.3.2.3.1  
 
4 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard , the following terms and definitions shall apply.  
4.1  
cast analysis  
chemical analysis representative of the cast determined by the steelmaker in accordance with his own 
procedures  
4.2  
certification scheme  
certification system as related to specified products, processes or services to which the same particular  
standards and rules, and the same procedure, apply  
4.3  
characteristic value  
value having a prescribed probability of not being attained in a hypothetical unlimited test series   
NOTE 1  Equivalent to fractile, which is defined in ISO 3534 -1. 
NOTE 2  A nominal value is used as the characteristic value in some circumstances.  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  3 
 4.4 
ductility class  
classification of the ductility properties of reinforcing steels based on the value of the ratio of tensile strength to 
yield strength, as well as the elongati on measured either as Agt or as A5  
NOTE   See Table 5.  
4.5 
product analysis  
chemical analysis carried out on the product  
5 Dimensions, masses per unit length and permissible deviations  
Dimensions, mass per unit length and permissible deviations are given in Table 2. By agreement between the 
manufacturer and purchaser, plain bars whose nominal diameters are other than those shown in Table 2 may 
be used. By agreement between the manufactur er and purchaser, the permissible deviation on mass per 
length may be replaced by tolerances on diameters.  
Delivery length should be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. The preferred delivery length of 
straight bars is 6 m or 12 m. Unless other wise agreed, permissible deviation on delivery length from rolling mill 
shall be 
0100 mm.  
Table 2 — Dimensions, mass per unit length and permissible deviations  
Nominal bar 
diameter, d, 
mm Nominal cross -
sectional area  a 
An 
mm2 Mass per unit length  
Requirement b 
kg/m  Permissible 
deviation,c 
% 
6 28.3 0.222  ± 8 
8 50.3 0.395  ± 8 
10 78.5 0.617  ± 5 
12 113 0.888  ± 5 
14 154 1.21 ± 5 
16 201 1.58 ±5 
20 314 2.47 ± 5 
a An = 0.785 4 × d2  
b Mass per unit length = 7.85 × 10−3 × A n  
c Permissible deviation refers to a single bar.   
 
6 Chemical composition  
The chemical composition of the steel, as determined by cast analysis, shall conform to Table 3. The carbon 
equivalent, CEV, is calculated according to the following formula.  
 
15 5 6Ni Cu MoVCr MnC CEV
 (1) FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
4 © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 where C, Mn, Cr, V, Mo, Cu and Ni are the mass fractions, expressed as percentages, of the respective 
chemical elements of the steel.  
The permissible deviation of the product analysis relative to the cast analysis as specified in Table 3 is   given 
in Table 4.  
Table 3 — Chemical composition based on cast analysis — Maximum values of mass fractions, in 
percentag e 
Steel grade  C Si Mn P S N CEV  a 
B240A -P  
B240B -P  
B240C -P  
B300A -P  
B300B -P  
B300C -P  — — — 0.060 0.060 — — 
B240D -P  
B300D -P  — — — 0.050 0.050 — — 
B420D -P 
B420DWP  b  0.30 0.55 1.50 0.040 0.040 0.012 0.56 
a Other CEV formulae and values may be used by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
b Alloy elements, such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Nb, Ti and Zr, may be added by agreement between the manufacturer and 
purchaser.  
 
Table 4 — Chemical composition based on product analysis — Permissible deviation of the product 
analysis in percentage by mass  
Elements  Specified maximum value in 
cast analysis in Table 3 , 
 % Permissible deviation in 
product analysis from the 
specified limits of the cast 
analysis in Tab le 3, 
 % 
C > 0.25 + 0.03 
Si ≤ 0.60 + 0.05 
Mn ≤ 1.65 + 0.06 
P ≤ 0.05 + 0.008 
> 0.05 + 0.010 
S ≤ 0.05 + 0.008 
> 0.05 + 0.010 
 
7 Mechanical properties  
7.1 Tensile properties  
The tensile test shall be performed in accordance with 8.1. The material shall conform to the requirements for 
tensile properties specified in Table 5.  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  5 
 In the context of this part of FDEAS 412 , the characteristic value is (unless otherwise indicated) the  lower or 
upper limit of the statistical tolerance interval at which there is a 90 % probability (1 −α = 0. 90) that 95 % ( p = 
0.95) of the values are at or above this lower limit, or are at or below this upper limit, respectively. This 
definition refers to  the long -term quality level of production.  
By agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser, the values shown in Table 5 may be used as 
specified minimum and/or maximum values.  
Table 5 — Tensile properties  
Ductility 
class  Steel 
grade  Specified 
characteristic value 
of upper yield 
strength ReH, 
N/mm2 Specified 
characteristic value 
of tensile strength 
Rm, 
N/mm2 Ductility properties  
Specified 
characteristic 
value of 
Rm/ReH Specified 
characteristic value of 
elongation *, 
% 
Minimum  Maximum  Maximum  Minimum  A5 
Minimum  Agt 
Minimum  
A B240A -P 240 — 
— 1.02 20 
2 
B300A -P 300 — 16 
B B240B -P 240 — — 
1.08 20 
5 
B300B -P 300 — 16 
C B240C -P 240 — — 
1.15 20 
7 
B300C -P 300 — 16 
D B240D -P 240 — 520 
1.25 22 
8 B300D -P 300 — 600 19 
B420D -P 420 540 — 16 
*  By agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser, the type of elongation shall be selected between A 5 and A gt. If the 
type of elongation is not specified by agreement, A gt should be used.  
 
If a yield p henomenon is not present, the 0. 2 % proof strength ( Rp0.2) shall be determined.  
7.2 Bending properties  
After testing in accordance with 8.2, the bar shall show neither rupture nor cracks visible to a person of normal 
or corrected vision.  
8 Testing  
8.1 Tensile test  
The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 15630 -1.  
For the determination of percentage elongation after fracture, A5, the original gauge length shall be five times 
the nominal diameter.  
For the determination of percentage total elongation at maximum force, Agt, equidistant marks shall be made 
on the free length of the test piece. The distance between the marks shall be 20 mm, 10 mm or 5 mm, 
depending on the bar diameter.  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
6 © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 For determinatio n of tensile properties, the nominal cross -sectional area of the bar shall be used.  
8.2 Bend test  
The bend test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 15630 -1.  
The test piece shall be bent to an angle between 160° and 180° over a mandrel of the dia meter specified in 
Table 6.  
Table 6 — Mandrel diameter to be used for the bend test  
Dimensions in millimetres  
Nominal diameter d Mandrel diameter (max.)  a b 
≤ 16 3d 
16 < d ≤ 22 6d 
a  By agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser, larger mandrel diameters may be used.  
b For nominal diameters larger than 22 mm, the mandrel diameters in bend tests shall be agreed 
between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
 
8.3 Chemical analysis  
In general, the chemical composition is determined by spectrometric methods.  
In case of dispute about the analytical method, the chemical composition shall be determined by an 
appropriate referee method specified in one of the International Standards listed in ISO/TR 9769.  
9 Designation  
Plain bars according to this part of FDEAS 412  shall be designated in the following order:  
a) reinforcing steel;  
b) a referenc e to this part of FDEAS 412 ; 
c) nominal diameter, in millimetres, according to Table 1 ; and  
d) steel grade.  
EXAMPLE :  Reinforcing steel FDEAS 412 -1 — 12 B240A -P.  
10 Marking  
Each bundle of bars shall have a label stating the following:  
a) name of the manufacturer ;  
b) a referenc e to this part of FDEAS 412 ; 
c) steel grade ;  
d) nominal diameter ;  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  7 
 e) cast number or reference rel ated to test record ; and  
f) country of origin.  
11 Evaluation of conformity  
11.1 General  
Certification and inspection of reinforcement shall be performed : 
a) in accordance with a certification scheme monitored by an external body, or  
b) according to acceptance testing of a specific delivery.  
11.2 Certification scheme  
In the case of a certification scheme, certification and inspection shall be performed in accordance with ISO 
10144.  
11.3 Acceptance testing of a specific delivery  
11.3.1  General  
Provisions regarding the nature, extent and evaluation of acceptance testing on deliveries of reinforcing steel  
not subject to a certification scheme are given in 11.3.2 and 11.3.3.  
Acceptance testing of a specific delivery shall be performed acc ording to 11.3.2.   
By agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser, 11.3.3 may be used.  
11.3.2  Verification of characteristic values  
11.3.2.1  Organization  
The tests shall be organized and carried out according to an agreement between the purchaser a nd 
manufacturer, taking into consideration the national rules of the receiving country.  
11.3.2.2  Extent of sampling and testing  
For the purpose of testing, the delivery shall be subdivided into test units with a maximum mass of 50 t or a 
fraction thereof . Each test unit shall consist of products of the same steel grade and the same nominal 
diameter from the same cast. The manufacturer shall confirm in the test report that all samples in the test unit 
originate from the same cast. The chemical composition (cast analysis) shall be stated in this test report.  
Test pieces shall be taken from each test unit as follows:  
a) two test pieces from various bars, for testing the chemical composition (product analysis); and 
b) a minimum of 15 test pieces (if appropriate, 6 0 test pieces, see 11.3.2.3.1) from various bars for 
testing all other properties specified in this part of FDEAS 412 .  
11.3.2.3  Evaluation of the results  
11.3.2.3.1  Inspection by variables  
For properties which are specified as characteristic values, the  following shall be determined:  
a) all individual values xi of the 15 test pieces ( n = 15);  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
8 © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 b) the mean value m15 (for n = 15);  and 
c) the standard deviation s15 (for n = 15).  
The test unit corresponds to the requirements, if the condition stated below is fulfill ed for all properties:  
kf s m 15 15 33.2
 (2) 
where  
fk  is the specified characteristic value;  
2.33  is the value for the acceptability index k for n = 15 for a failure rate of 5 % ( p = 0.95) at a       
 probability of 90 % (1 −α = 0.90).  

142
15
15mxsi
 (3) 
If the condition stated above is not fulfilled, the index .  
 
1515 '
sf mkk
 (4) 
is determined from the test results available. Where k′ ≥ 2, testing can be continued. In this case, 45 further 
test pieces shall be taken and tested from different bars in the test unit, so that a total of 60 test results are 
available (n = 60).  
The test unit shall be considered to comply with the requirements , if the condition stated below is fulfilled for 
all properties:  
kf s m 60 60 93.1
 (5) 
where  
1.93 is the value for the acceptability index k for n = 60 for a failure rate of 5 % (p = 0,95) at a probability  
 of 90 % (1 −α = 0,90).  
11.3.2.3.2  Inspection by attributes  
When testing properties are specified as maximum or minimum values, all results determined on the 15 test 
pieces shall comply with the requirements this part FDEAS 412 -1. In this case, the test unit shall be 
considered to comply w ith the requirements.  
The tests may be continued when at most two results not conforming to the conditions occur. In this case, 45 
further test pieces from various bars in the test unit shall be tested, so that a total of 60 test results are 
available. Th e test unit complies with the requirements, if not more than 2 of the 60 results do not conform to 
the conditions.  
 11.3.2.3.3  Chemical composition  
Both test pieces shall comply with the requirements in this part of FDEAS 412 .  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  9 
 11.3.3  Verification of spec ified minimum/maximum values  
Tests shall be carried out according to the following :  
a) bars of the same cast shall constitute one group. For every 50 t or fraction thereof, one tensile test 
and one bend test shall be carried out for each bar diameter ;  
b) each individual test result shall meet the required values in Table 4, and the required bending 
properties in 7.2 ;  
c) one cast analysis shall be carried out for every cast to verify chemical composition (Clause 6). 
Samples shall be taken in accordance with ISO 1 4284 ;  
d) if any test result does not meet the requirements, retests may be carried out, according to ISO 404 ; 
and  
e) the manufacturer shall submit a test report stating that the products of the delivery satisfy the 
chemical and mechanical properties defined in clauses 6 and 7, and a confirmation that the other 
requirements of this part of FDEAS 412  are fulfilled.  
11.3.4  Test report  
The test report shall contain the following information:  
a) designation of the reinforcing steel in accordance with this part of FDEAS 412 ;  
b) marking details (on the tag, painting, etc.);  
c) date of testing;  
d) mass of the test unit; and 
e) test results.  FDEAS 412 -1: 2013  
10 © EAC 2013  – All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
[1] ISO 3534 -1, Statistics — Vocabulary and symbols — Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used 
in probability  
[2] ISO 16020, Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete — Vocabulary   
[3]  ISO/IEC Guide 2,  Standardization a nd related activities — General vocabulary  
 FDEAS 412 -1: 2013    
 
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved