DEAS 929:  2018
ICS 87.040
 
© EAC 2018                                                                                                                              First Edition 2018 
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD 
Solvent-based paint remove r — Specification 
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY DEAS 929: 2018 
ii © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
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 DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  iii
 Foreword 
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated  by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered  when goods and services are exchanged 
within the Community will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committ ee (EASC) mandated to develop and 
issue East African Standards (EAS).  The Committee is composed of representatives of the National 
Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the represent atives from the public and private sector 
organizations in the community.  
East African Standards are developed through Technical Committe es that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups, p rivate sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders thr ough the National Standards Bodies in the 
Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorpo rated before finalization of standards, in 
accordance with the Principles and procedures for development o f East African Standards.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with  technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they al ways have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing .  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Commit tee EASC/TC 070, Paints, varnishes and 
related products.   
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements  of this document may be subject of patent 
rights. EAC shall not be held responsible for identifying any o r all such patent rights. 
During the preparation of this Standard, reference was made to the following document: 
……………………………………………. 
Acknowledgement is hereby made for the assistance derived from this source. 
  DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD DEAS 929: 2018
 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved 1
 Solvent-based paint remover  — Specification  
1 Scope  
1.1 This Draft East African Standard specifies requirements for so lvent-based paint removers. The paint 
removers are intended for general use on painted, varnished or lacquered on metal and other appropriate 
surfaces  
1.2 Paint removers complying with this standard are considered not  for use on items where attack on 
metals, caused by reaction between the metal and the paint remo ver, is regarded as critical. A number of 
plastic and wooden surfaces may also be seriously affected by c onstituents of these paint removers. 
2 Normative references  
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a w ay that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the e dition cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the refer enced document (including any am endments) applies. 
BS EN 605, Paints and varnishes. Standard panels for testing  
ISO 4618, Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions 
ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling 
EN 1423,  Road marking materials. Drop on materials. Glass beads, antiskid aggregates and mixtures of the 
two 
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in ISO  4618 together with the following glossary of 
terms related to paint apply. 
paint remover  
material that when applied to a coated substrate softens the co ating so that it can be removed easily  
4 Requirements 
4.1  Specific requirements 
The Solvent-based paint remover shall meet the requirements spe cified in Table 1. DEAS 929: 2018 
2 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 Table 1 — Requirements for Solvent-based paint remover 
Sl. No 
 characteristic 
 Requirement Test method 
a)  Rate of evaporation, % 
(m/m),max. 2 Annex A 
b)  Paint-removing power Shall comply Annex C 
c)  Water rinsability,%,max 0.5 Annex D and 
Annex K 
d)  Acidity or alkalinity Shall comply Annex E 
e)  Corrosive effects  Shall comply Annex G  
f)  Flammability Shall comply Annex H 
g)  Phenol content Shall not contain more 
than 0.2 % (m/m) of 
phenols expressed as C
6H50H.  Annex Ja 
a Its applicable to Dichloromethane based paint remover 
 
4.2 Storage properties   
When stored at a temperature above 0 ˚C and not exceeding 32 ˚C  in sealed original containers, the product 
shall meet the requirements as specified in table 1 for a perio d of not less than 12 months from the date of 
manufacture.  
5 Packaging and Labelling 
5.1 Packaging 
5.1.1  The Paint removers shall be packaged in suitable containers wh ich do not contaminate the content 
and protects the content from contamination and deterioration o f quality.  
5.1.2  The solvent-based paint remover shall be packed in container t hat is inert to the paint and has a lid 
that can open and close. 
5.1.3  Containers shall be of sufficient strength to withstand any pr essure likely to develop internally during 
storage under normal conditions. Ullage should be provided to a void undue pressure developing inside the 
container when it is stored under normal conditions.  
5.1.4  The containers shall be packed in suitable bulk package materi al 
5.2 Labelling 
The labelling shall be either in English, Kiswahili or French o r in combination as agreed between the 
manufacturer and / or the supplie r. Any other language is optio nal. 
5.2.1 Containers 
Containers in which the product is packed shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following:  
a) The name of the product as ”solvent based paint remover”; DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  3
 b) the manufacturer's name and address;  
c) trade mark if any; 
d) general precautions, i.e. warning and first-aid advice;  
e) Instructions for correct use, storage and disposal; 
f) the batch number;  g) net content in litres 
h) the date of manufacture  i) Best before date 
j) any additional labelling required by national legislation fo r this type of product; and 
k) country of origin/ manufacture.  
5.2.2 Bulk packages 
The following information shall appear in legible and indelible  marking on the outside of each package: 
a) manufacturer’s name; b) trade mark if any; 
c) name of the solvent-based paint remover; d) the number of containers; 
e) net volume of the contents of each container; 
f) batch number; 
g) month and year of manufacture; and h) expiry date; 
6 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accordance to ISO 15528 DEAS 929: 2018 
4 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 Annex A 
(normative) 
 
Determination of rate of evaporation 
A.1 Apparatus 
A.1.1  Ordinary laboratory apparatus   
A.1.2 Glass dish, approximately 75 mm internal diameter and 10 mm wall height.  T he lid of a Petri dish may 
be used.  
 A.1.3  Hypodermic glass syringe, 10-ml capacity, but without a needle .  
A.1.4  Balance, Capable of weighing to accuracy of 1 mg or less.  
A.2  Procedure  
A.2.1  Carry out the procedure in a room controlled at a temperature of 23 °C  2  ° C .  P l a c e  t h e  s e a l e d  
container containing the product under test in the room at leas t 16 h before testing3. 
A.2.2   Weigh the glass dish (A.l.2)  to the nearest 1 mg.  
A.2.3  With the top pointing away, carefully open the container to re lease any excess pressure. Immediately 
close the container and then gently invert it to ensure the hom ogeneity of the product under test. Cautiously 
re-open the container and quickly transfer a sample of approxim ately 50 ml into a 100-ml squat beaker. Fill the 
syringe (A.1.3) with more than 10 mI of the sample in the beake r at a rate of about 1 ml/s, maintaining the 
syringe opening approximately 5 mm below the surface of the sam ple. Invert the syringe and expel the excess 
liquid until the volume of the product in the syringe is 10 ml.  Take care to expel any bubbles. Wipe off any 
excess of sample from the outside of the syringe and weigh the filled syringe to the nearest 1 mg.  
A.2.4  Ex p e l  th e  c o n t e n t s  o f  t h e  s y r i n ge  a t  a  r a te  o f  a bo ut  1  m l / s  i n to  t h e  c e n tr e  o f  th e  g l a s s d i s h  ( A .l .2 )  
placed on a horizontal surface exposed to the air but protected  from draughts. Reweigh the syringe. After 30 
min  1 min, reweigh the dish and its contents to the nearest 1 mg.  
A.3  Calculation  
The loss in mass ml (in %) is given by the equation:  
 
324 32 100
mmmm mmml
L  
Where 
mL  is the mass of the glass dish (in g);  
m1 is the   
m2  is the mass of the syringe and the product under test (in g);  
                                                     
3  This test should be carried out on a sample removed from a prev iously unopened container .  
 DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  5
 m3  is the mass of the syringe after expulsion of the product under  test (in g) 
m4  is the mass of the dish and the p roduct after standing for 30 m in (in g). DEAS 929: 2018 
6 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 Annex B 
(normative) 
 
Assessment of consistency 
B.1 Principle  
The viscosity of the product under test is compared with the vi scosity of two reference oils.  
B.2  Apparatus  
B.2.1 Test tubes , Approximately 11 mm internal diameter.   
B.2.2  Mineral oil, Viscosity 0.3 Pa.s at 25 °C  1 °C.   
B.2.3  Mineral oil, Viscosity 0.5 Pa.s at 25 °C 1°C.  
B.3  Procedure 
Fill the two test tubes respectively with the mineral oils (B.2 .3 and B.2.4) and a third test tube with the product 
under test. Insert corks into each tube, checking that an air s pace of 13 mm ±1 mm is present. Ensure that the 
temperatures of the tubes and the contents are identical at a t emperature of 23 ˚C  2 ˚C. Mount the tubes in 
a suitable apparatus so that they may be inverted simultaneousl y. Invert the tubes four times, allowing the 
bubble to rise to the top of the liquid after each inversion. C ompare the rates at which the bubbles rise through 
the liquids in the three tubes during the last inversion.  
B.4  Expression of results  
Record the rate of rise of the bubble in the product under test  as either:  
a)  greater than the rate of rise of the bubble in the low-visc osity oil; or  
b) not greater than the rate of rise of the bubble in the low v iscosity oil but not less than the rate of rise of the 
bubble in the high-viscosity oil, indicating that the product h as a viscosity between 0.3 Pa .s and 0.5 Pa.s; 
or  
c)  less than the rate of rise o f the bubble in the high-viscos ity oil. DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  7
 Annex C  
(normative) 
 
Assessment of relative paint removing power 
C.l  Principle  
The ability of the product under test to remove a reference pai nt system and its subsequent rinsability are 
compared with the same characteristics of a reference paint rem over.  
C.2  Apparatus  
C.2.1 Panels , approximately  100 mm x 150 mm x 0.71 mm, of hard aluminium, acid chromated 
C.2.2  Water spray head , comprising of a flat perforate d plate, approximately 125 mm i n diameter, drilled 
with 75 to 80 holes of 1 mm diameter, distributed uniformly. Th e holes should be countersunk to within 1 mm 
of the bottom face . A polymethyl methacrylate sheet, approximat ely 4 mm thick has been found suitable.  
C.2.3  Constant head device , for maintaining a head of water  of approximately 1.4 m at the  spray head  
C.2.4  Panel stand , for supporting a panel at 45˚.  
C.2.5  Stop-clock , Accuracy to 0.1 s.  
C.2.6  Glass syringe , 2-ml capacity, with a needle.  
C.3 Materials   
C.3.1  Reference finishing paint  
A two-component, cold-curing vehicle consisting of an epoxide r esin and a polyamide-curing agent, either or 
both pigmented, suitable for di rect application to the panels  
C.3.2  Reference primer 
A two-component, cold-curing polyurethane finish consisting of a polyester vehicle and an aliphatic isocyanate 
curing agent, either or both pigmented, compatible with the ref erence primer. Panels suitably coated with a 
reference paint system may be obtained from paint manufacturers .  
C.3.3  Reference paint remover  
This is a reference material for use only in the test for asses sment of relative paint-removing power. The 
reference paint remover shall consist of the following:  
a) g of paraffin wax with a softening point of 50 ˚C to 55 ˚C.  
b) g of trichloroethylene;  c) 78.5 g of dichloromethane  
d) 1.5 g of high-substitution methyl cellulose solid), having a  viscosity of 0.1 Pa.s  0.015 Pa.s when in a 
2 % (m/m)  aqueous solution;  
e) 12.0 g of industrial methylated spirits,  
Prepare the reference paint remover by melting the paraffin wax  and adding it to the trichloroethylene. Stir 
until mixed and then add the mixture to the dichloromethane. Wh ilst stirring, add the remaining constituents in DEAS 929: 2018 
8 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 the order d, e, f and store the final product in a suitable sea led container. Discard the reference paint remover 
1 month after its preparation.  
C.4  Preparation of test surface  
Prepare two test panels for each product under test by applying  uniformly, preferably by spray, a coating of 
the reference primer to give a dry-film thickness of 15 m  3 m. Allow the primer to dry at a temperature of 
23 ˚C  2 ˚C and relative humidity of (50.  5) % for 24 h.  
Apply the reference finishing paint (C.3.1) to both test panels  using a brush or spray, to give a uniform dry-film 
thickness of 30 m . 2.5 m. Allow the test panels to condition at a temperature of 23 ˚C  . 2 ˚C and relative 
humidity of (50  5) % with free access of air, for at least 14 days.  
C.5  Procedure   
C.5.1  For each product under test, mark out and identify 30 squares,  approximately 25 mm x 20 mm, on each 
of the duplicate test panels prepared as described in C.4. Plac e the test panels horizontally.   
C.5.2  Apply to one of the test panels, by means of the glass. Syring e (C.2.6), 0.1 ml of the material under test 
to the centre of each of 15 alternate squares at 10 intervals t o form a diagonal lattice pattern. Immediately 
apply in the same manner 0.1 ml of the reference paint remover (C.3.3) to the centre of each of the remaining 
(vacant) Squares. Start the stop-clock (C.2.5).  
C.6 Report 
The product shall not be inferio r to the reference paint remove r using the following criteria: 
a) The average time taken for the paint, applied to either of t he test panels, to wrinkle or lift shall not exceed 
that of the reference paint remover;  
b)  After subjection to the washing procedure (see clause C.5.5 ), the squares treated with the product under 
test shall retain no more of the applied reference paints than the squares treated with the reference paint 
remover  DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  9
 
 
Figure C.1 — caption 
C.5.3  After completing the application, continue to examine the pane l, and record the time for the paint to 
wrinkle or lift in each square. Calculate for each square the p eriod to wrinkle or lift and then calculate the 
average periods both for the product under test and for the ref erence paint remover.  
If for either the product or the reference paint remover, the t ime for the paint film to lift or wrinkle in more than 
two squares exceeds twice the average of the time taken by the remaining areas, repeat the test. If one or two 
test squares take an excessive time to wrinkle or lift, then ca lculate an average from the time taken by the 
remaining squares.  
C.5.4   Repeat the procedure described in C.5.2 and C.5.3 on a duplic ate test panel.  
C.5.5  After the last test square of paint on a panel has wrinkled or  lifted or 1 h after application of the last 
drop, whichever is the less, fix the panel in the stand (C.2.4)  ensuring that the lower edge of the panel is 
above the level reached by the drainage water (see figure C.1).  Place the water spray head (C.2.2) such that 
its centre is 400 mm ± 25 mm above the centre of the panel, and  connect the constant head device (C.2.3) to 
the spray head.  
Allow the flow of water from the spray head to flush the test p anel for 120 s ±10 s. At the end of this period, 
remove the panel and shake it to remove any remaining water. Vi sually examine the surface of the panel at 
the centre of each test square for residues of the reference pa int system.  DEAS 929: 2018 
10 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 C.6 Expression of results, report the following:  
a) Whether the average time taken for the paint to be wrinkled or lifted by the product under test was longer 
or shorter than that taken by th e reference paint remover; or 
b) whether, after washing, the amount of paint retained on the squares treated by the product under test is 
greater or less than that on the square treated by the referenc e paint remove.  DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  11
 Annex D 
(normative) 
 
Determination of water rinsability 
D.1  Principle  
An aluminium test panel, treated with the paint remover, is rin sed with water and any gain in mass is recorded. 
The panel, after being gently brushed in water and allowed to d ry, is coated with a priming paint and the 
properties of this coating are co mpared with a coating applied to a reference test panel.  
D.2  Apparatus and material  
D.2.1   Panels , of approximately 100 mm x 150 mm x 0.71 mm, of hard aluminium , acid chromated.  
D.2.2   Water;  Spray head (C.2.2).  
D.2.3   Constant head device  (C.2.3).  
D.2.4   Panel stand  (C.2.4).  
D.2.5   Paint brush , flat, 25 mm 
D.2.6   Balance (A.1.4).   
D.2.7  White solvent-thinned priming paint 
D.3  Procedure  
D.3.1   Weigh a panel (D.2.1) to the nearest 1 mg. Apply 5 g ± 0.5 g of the product under test evenly to one 
face and immediately reweigh the panel. Allow the panel to stan d in a horizontal draught-free position at a 
temperature of 23 ˚C  ± 2 ˚C for 30 min.  
D.3.2  At the end of the 30 min period, place the panel centrally und er the water spray head (D.2.2) and rinse 
as described in C.5.5. After 120 s ± 10 s remove the panel and allow it to dry at a temperature of 23 ˚C± 2 ˚C 
with free access to air for 24 h.  
D.3.3   Weigh the panel to the nearest 1 mg.  
D.3.4  Place the panel in a bath of water and gently brush away any r esidues for 120 s ± 10 s. Take the panel 
from the bath, shake the panel to remove surplus water and allo w to dry at a temperature of 23 ˚C ± 2 ˚C for 
24 h. Weigh the panel to the nearest 1 mg. If the mass of the p anel has increased by 25 mg or more discard 
the test.  
D.3.5   Apply coat of the white solvent-thinned priming paint (D.2.7)  to the panel. Similarly apply the paint to a 
second panel to which has been  carried out only the procedure described in D.3.2. Apply the pa int at a similar 
mass to both panels.  
By comparison of the two panels, record whether the surface-dry  properties of the priming paint when tested 
in accordance with annex K or the appearance of the dry film af ter 16 h have been impaired by use of the 
paint remover.  DEAS 929: 2018 
12 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 D.4  Calculation  
The increase in mass L\'mi (in  %) is given by the equation:  

5657100
mmmmmi  
where  
rn5  is the mass of the panel (see D.3.1) (in g);  
m6  is the mass of the panel after application of the paint remov er (see D.3.1) (in g);  
m7  is the mass of the panel after rinsing and drying (see D.3.3)  (in g).  
D.5  Expression of results  
The report shall include a statement on the percentage increase  in mass, the surface-dry properties of the 
treated and untreated panels and an assessment of the appearanc e of the treated panel compared with the 
untreated panel.  DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  13
 Annex E 
(normative) 
Determination of acidity or alkalinity 
E.1  Reagents  
Reagents used should be of recognized analytical reagent qualit y. Distilled water or deionised water of at least 
equal purity should be used.  
E.1.1  Methyl orange indicator solution , 0.4 g/l. 
E.1.2  Phenolphthalein indicator solution , 10 g/l. 
E.1.3  Hydrochloric acid, standard volumetric solution , c(HCl) = 0.1 mol/l.   
E.2  Procedure  
E.2.1   Vigorously shake 10 g ± 0.1 g of the product under test with 30 ml of water for 5 min. Add three drops 
of the methyl orange indicator solution (E.1.1) and, if a red c olour is observed, report the sample as acidic to 
methyl orange.  
E.2.2   Vigorously shake 10 g. ± 0.1 g of the product under test with  30 ml of water for 5 min and add three 
drops of the phenolphthalein indicator solution (E.1.2).  
If no pink colour is produced, report the sample as having an a lkalinity less than 0.08 % (m/m) calculated as 
sodium hydroxide.  
If a pink colour is produced when the phenolphthalein solution is added, titrate with the hydrochloric acid 
solution (E.1.3) until the coloration has been permanently disc harged.  
E.3  Calculation  
Calculate the alkalinity A (in % (m/m)) of sodium hydroxide in the sample from the following equation:  

10001001.040
mVA  
mV4.0  
where  
A  is the alkalinity of sodium hydroxide (in % (m/m));  
V  is the volume of hydrochloric a cid used to discharge the pink  colour of phenolphthalein (in mI);  
M  is the mass of paint remover (in g).   
E.4  Expression of results  
The report shall state one of the following:  
a) the product is acidic to methyl orange ;  DEAS 929: 2018 
14 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 b) the product has an alkalinity less than 0.08 % (m/m) calculated as sodium hydroxide;  
c) the alkalinity of the product , expressed as a percentage by mass of sodium hydroxide.  DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  15
 Annex G 
(normative) 
Determination for corrosive effects 
G.l  Principle  
The mass loss of a steel strip immersed in the product for a sp ecified time is determined.  
G.2  Test piece  
The test piece shall be 20 mm x 12 5 mm x 1.25 mm, of steel stri p  
G.3  Procedure  
G.3.1   Weigh the test piece (see G.2) to the nearest 1 mg.  
G.3.2   Completely immerse the steel test piece in the product under test contained in a test tube, stopper the 
tube and maintain it at a temperature of 23 ˚C ± 2 ˚C for 7 day s.  
G.3.3   At the end of the exposure period, remove the adhering materi al from the test piece using a suitable 
solvent, and visually inspect the test piece for rusting or cor rosion.  
G.3.4   After drying the test piece, weigh it to the nearest 1 mg.  
G.4  Expression of results  
Record the difference between the mass of the test piece, befor e and after the test. Record any corrosion of 
the test piece.  
G.5  Report 
The product shall not cause visible rusting or corrosion of the  steel test piece and the mass of the test piece 
shall not be increased by more than 1 mg nor decreased by more than 5 mg.  DEAS 929: 2018 
16 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 Annex H 
(normative) 
 
Test for flammability 
H.1 Principle  
A quantity of the product under test is applied to degreased te st panels and the product is ignited with a 
specified flame. The flame is applied for a specified time at f ive time intervals allowing for varying evaporation 
rates of constituent materials to be evaluated. The burning of the product after removal of the flame is noted.  
H.2  Apparatus and materials  
H.2.1  Five panels, Each measuring 200 mm x 250 mm x 0.71 mm, of hard aluminium  
H.2.2  Glass beaker, nominal capacity 150 mI  
H.2.3  Stop-watch 
H.2.4  Flat brush, 25 mm  
H.3  Procedure  
H.3.1   Degrease five test panels of hard aluminium (H.2.1) in accord ance with 5.2 of BS EN 605.  
H.3.2   Pour a quantity of the product to be tested into the beaker ( H.2.2). Using a flat brush (H.2.4), apply 
109 ±: 59 of the paint remover evenly to each panel. Determine the mass applied by weighing the beaker, its 
contents and the brush immediately before and after the applica tion.  
H.3.3   Place the coated panels horizontally and maintain at a temper ature of 23 ˚C ± 2 ˚C and a relative 
humidity of (50 ± 5) % .In a draught-free  environment, carry o u t  t h e  p r o c e d u r e  g i v e n  i n  H . 3 . 4  o n  s u c c e s s i v e  
test panels at the following intervals after application:  
a) immediately; 
b) 15 min; 
c) 30 min; d) 60 min;  
e) 120 min.  
H.3.4   Support the panel horizontally with the paint-remover coating  uppermost. Using a Bunsen burner 
adjusted to give a 25 mm blue flame, direct the flame (at an an gle of 45°) at the centre of the panel for 5 s. 
Remove the flame and observe the effect on the product.  
H.4  Expression of results  
Record, for each time interval, whether, after removal of the f lame, there is any local burning and whether the 
burning ceases within 2 s.  DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  17
 H.5 Report 
The product shall not burn over the whole surface of any of the  test panels and shall not burn for more than 2 
s after removal of the flame fo llowing any of the five applicat ions DEAS 929: 2018 
18 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
 Annex J 
(normative) 
 
Determination of phenols in paint and varnish remover 
J.1 Scope  
This method may be used to determine phenols and cresols in wat er-rinsable dichloromethane-based paint 
and varnish removers. Some substituted phenols such as trichlor ophenol cannot be detected using this 
method.  
J.2  Principle  
Phenols are recovered from the paint and varnish remover by ste am distillation under acid conditions. After 
removing the dichloromethane from the distillate, an excess of iodine solution is added. After the reaction is 
completed in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate, the mix ture is acidified and the excess iodine is 
determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate.  
J.3  Reagents  
The reagents used should be of recognized analytical reagent qu ality.  
J.3.1  Hydrochloric acid, c (HC1) = 5 mol/l. Add cautiously, wi th stirring, 50 ml of concentrated hydrochloric 
acid to 50 ml of water. 
J.3.2  Sulfuric acid,  c (H 2S04) = 0.5 mol/l. Continuously add, w ith stirring and cooling, 14 mI of concentrated 
sulfuric acid (P(20 °C) = 1.84 g/cm3) to 400 ml of water. Cool and dilute to 500 ml with water. 
J.3.3  Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution,  10 g/l. Dissolve 1 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate in 100 ml 
of water.  
J.3.4 Iodine solution , c (I 2) = 0.05 mol/l. Dissolve 20 g of potassium iodide in 30 mI to 40  ml of water 
contained in a one mark 1 graduated flask and add 12.7 g of iod ine. Shake the flask until all the iodine has 
dissolved, dilute to the mark with water and mix thoroughly.  
Commercially prepared iodine solutions, c(I2) = 0.05 mol/l, are available and may be used for this 
determination.   
J.3.5  Sodium thiosulfate standard solution, c (Na 2S203) = 0.1 mol/l.  
J.3.6  Starch indicator , 5 g/l. Suspend 0.5 g of soluble starch in 100 ml of water and h eat to boiling with 
constant stirring. Allow the solution to cool.  
J.4  Apparatus  
J.4.1  Ordinary laboratory apparatus 
J.4.2  Steam generator J .4.3 Splash head and steam delivery tube
 
J.4.4  Round-bottomed flask , of 500-ml capacity 
J.4.5  Water-cooled condenser , of 400 mm effective length DEAS 929: 2018 
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  19
 J.4.6  Iodine flasks , of 500-ml capacity 
J.4.7  Pipette , one mark, of 25-ml capacity 
J.4.8  Burette , of 50-mI capacity 
J.5  Procedure  
J.5.1  Weigh 10 g t 0.01 g of the paint remover (W) into the 500-ml round-bottomed flask (J.4.4). 
J.5.2  Add 100 ml of water, 5 mI of hydrochloric acid, c(HC1) = 5 mol/l, and a few anti bumping granules. 
Assemble the steam distillation apparatus and, using the 500 ml  iodine flask as a receiver, collect not less 
than 100 cm3 of steam distillate.  
J.5.3  Rinse the condenser and distillate delivery tube with water co mbining the rinsings in the iodine flask.  
J.5.4  Add a few anti bumping granules to the iodine flask and warm i t on a steam bath until all the globules of 
dichloromethane have boiled away.  
J.5.5  Cool the contents of the flask to 22 ˚C to 25 ˚C and, by means  of pipette, add 25.00 ml of the iodine 
solution, c (I2) = 0.05 mol/1. Add immediately, 25 ml of sodium hydrogen carbo nate solution, insert the stopper 
and mix the flask contents thoroughly.  
J.5.6  After 20 min, add 5 ml of sulfuric acid, c (H 2SO 4) = 0.05 mol/l, and titrate the contents of the flask with 
sodium thiosulfate solution (TV, c (Na 2S2O3) = 0.01 mol/l, adding the starch indicator as the end-point is  
approached. 
J.5.7  When ortho-cresol is present in the distillate, the iodide for med is pale orange. 
J.5.8  Thus for ortho-cresol the colour change at the end-point may b e from brownish green to orange, 
whereas, for all other phenols, the colour change is from green  through blue to white . 
J.5.9  Carry out a blank titration (T2) substituting 100 ml of water for the distillate. There is no ne ed to allow 20 
min to elapse between adding the sodium hydrogen carbonate solu tion and adding the sulfuric acid.  
J.6  Calculating and reporting  
Calculate the phenols conten t and report to the  nearest 0.01 % (m/m) as phenol using the formula:  

WF TT 157.012 
where  
T1  is the titration for  the sample (in ml);  
T2   is the titration for the blank (in ml);  
W  is the mass to the nearest 0.01 g of the sample (in g);  
F  is the correction factor for the sodium thiosulfate, c(Na 2S203) =    0.1 mol/1.  DEAS 929: 2018 
20 © EAC 2018 – All rights reserved
  
Bibliography  
KS 1831:2005, Hot applied Thermoplastic Road Marking paint — Specification Part 2: Specification for road 
performance 
 DEAS 929: 2018 
 
© EAC 2018  – All rights reserved