WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION   
G/AG/N/USA/90 
22 October 2012 
 (12-5775) 
Committee on Agriculture Original:   English 
  
 
NOTIFICATION  
 
  The following submission, dated 22 October 2012, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the United States .  The notification concerns actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision on Measures Concerning the Possible Negative Effects of the Reform Programme on 
Least-Developed and Net Food-Importing Developing Countries ( Table NF:1 ) during the fiscal year 
2010 . 
 G/AG/N/USA/90 
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  Table NF:1 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 16:2 OF THE AGREEMENT:  MONITORING OF THE 
FOLLOW-UP TO THE DECISION ON ME ASURES CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE 
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE REFORM PROGRAMME ON LEAST-DEVELOPED 
 AND NET FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: 
United States of America 
 
REPORTING PERIOD: 
1 October 2009 – 30 September 2010 
 
 
1. Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net food-importing developing 
countries:
1 
 Tonnage Product 
 
 21,060 Beans  32,110 Bulgur  4,390 Corn  118,380 Cornmeal  173,100 Corn-Soy Blend 
 24,840 Lentils 
 136,600 Peas  480 Potatoes  156,090 Rice  890 Salmon 
 496,160 Sorghum 
 1,600 Soy Flour  45,490 Soy-fortified Bulgur  790 Soy-fortified Cornmeal  80 Soy Protein Products  80 Soybeans 
 17,500 Soybean Meal 
 165,860 Vegetable Oil  900,260 Wheat  139,190 Wheat Flour  690 Wheat-Soy Blend 
 
 
Total  2,435,640 tonnes 
 
                                                      
1 Includes some regional groups, within which is a least-developed or net food-importing country.  G/AG/N/USA/90 
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  2. Indication of the proportion in fully gr ant form or appropriate concessional terms:2 
The aid listed above was provided under the P.L.  480, Food for Progress, and Food for Education 
programmes.  The allocations to the vari ous food aid programmes were as follows: 
 2,181,850 tonnes Title II Emer gency through Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs), 
World Food Programme (WFP), and governments;  Title I 
Development Assistance through PVOs, cooperatives, and 
intergovernmental organizations; 
 156,770 tonnes Food for Progress grants thr ough PVOs, WFP, and governments;  and 
 97,020 tonnes Food for Education though PVOs, WFP, cooperatives, 
intergovernmental organi zations, and governments. 
Food assistance Title II, Food for Progress, and Food for Education programmes is provided in fully 
grant form. 
3. Technical and financial assistance under paragraph 3(iii) of the Decision: 
The principal source of US financial assistance and funding for technical assistance for developing 
countries is the US Department of State.  Some, but not all, of this funding for assistance to developing countries is programmed through the Stat e Department's US Agency for International 
Development (USAID).  All of the figures repo rted below represent budgetary obligations or 
estimates for the reporting period: 
(a) US Department of State assistance to  developing countries for agriculture 
(Total:  $1,503,586,00 ) includes expenditures on crop production, livestock 
production, resource management, infrastructure, policies and planning, training and extension, and agribusiness credit. 
Some US Department of State and USAID funds are used to support agricultural 
technical assistance to least-developed and net f ood-importing developing countries 
by other US Government agencies, including the Office of Capacity Building and Development (OCBD) programme area of  USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service 
(FAS).  For example, OCBD provides technical assistance and training programmes focused on:  agricultural policy formulation;   marketing;  agribusiness development;  
enhancing sanitary/phytosanitary capacity;  promotion of inter-regional and 
international trade;  development of market news and statistical systems;  famine 
early warning and mitigation ;  grasshopper/lo cust eradication efforts;  and natural 
resource management. 
(b) Millennium Challenge Corporation ( Total:  $733,800,000 ) 
The Millennium Challenge Corporation (M CC) has been actively investing in 
sustainable, market based solutions to food security since 2005.  MCC funds country-
led solutions for reducing poverty through sustainable economic growth.  Many 
countries have identified agriculture and the rural economy as among their top priorities for funding via an MCC grant fo cused on long-term econom ic development.  
MCC investments in agriculture and rural development include rural roads and other 
                                                      
2 Further food aid information is available at the following websites:  
http://www.fas.usda.gov/excredits /FoodAid/Reports/reports.html  and http://www.fas.usda.gov/food-aid.asp . G/AG/N/USA/90 
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  infrastructure;  irrigation and water management;  technical assistance and 
agricultural technology transfer;  rural finan ce;  land/property rights;  and agricultural 
research. 
(c) US Department of Agriculture Programs 
- Total, Borlaug Fellowship Program ($1,967,000): 
The USDA Foreign Agricultural Serv ice (FAS) administers the Borlaug 
Fellowship Program, which provides sci entific training and collaborative 
research opportunities to visiting researc hers, policymakers, and university 
faculty from developing countries. 
- Total, Cochran Fellowship Program ($4,877,000): 
The USDA Foreign Agricultural Servi ce (FAS) administers the Cochran 
Fellowship Program, which provides short- term training in the United States 
designed to assist participating countries to develop agricultural systems necessary to meet the food needs of their populations. 
- Total, Emerging Markets Program ($10,000,000): 
The Emerging Markets Program was authorized by the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, as  amended.  The legislation calls for 
$10 million in funding per year to assist public and private organizations in providing technical assistance to promote market development, improve market access, or assist in the development of emerging market economies. 
(d) US contributions to multilateral organi zations with an agricultural emphasis 
International Development Association $1,262,500,000 
UN Development Programme $22,315,000 World Food Programme $1,545,666,000
3 
International Fund for Agricultural Development $30,000,000 Inter-American Institute for C ooperation on Agriculture $18,615,073 
Food and Agriculture Organization $161,296,000 
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research $86,300,000 
African Development Fund $155,000,000 
Asian Development Fund $105,000,000 Inter-American Development Bank Group $29,670,000 
Total  $3,416,362,073  
 
(e) Peace Corps funds to support agricultural volunteers ( Total:  $4,332,800 ) 
Least-developed countries $2,873,300 
NFIDCs $1,459,500 
 
Additional development programmes in least-developed and net food-importing 
developing countries are provided by the US  Peace Corps.  The Peace Corps sponsors 
                                                      
3 This value represents total US Government contributions to the World Food Programme;  only a 
small fraction of this total contribution goes toward agriculture development.  G/AG/N/USA/90 
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  volunteers who provided technical assistan ce to:  produce agricultural products and 
by-products;  increase agricultural productivity;   safely use agricultural chemicals;  
and process, store or market agricultural goods and by-products. 
(f) Value of food assistance used in development programmes ( Total:  $810,514,000 ) 
This figure represents the US dollar value of the commodities donated under Title II, 
Food for Progress, and Food for Education food aid programmes that were 
monetized.  When food aid is monetized, or sold locally, it produces funds that may 
be used for local agricultural devel opment programmes and to cover local 
administrative costs for the programme.  Ty pically, the proceeds are used for water 
management/irrigation programmes, farm cred it, agricultural infrastructure, health 
programmes, or to purchase local foods that will provide a nutritionally complete diet 
to recipients. 
The total includes $568 million of Title II funds.  In fiscal year 2010, 82 per cent of 
Title II development programmes were in least-developed (LDC) and net 
food-importing developing countries (NFIDC). 
4. Other relevant information with respect to actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision: 
WTO developing countries, least-developed countri es and net food-importing developing countries 
had access to US Government officially-sup ported export credit guarantee programmes.  
(Total:  $3,090,213,945 ). 
 
 
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