هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية 
GCC STANDARDIZATION ORGANIZATION (GSO)  
 
 
مشروع  مواصفة نهائي 
Final Draft of Standard FDS  
  
 
 
 
إعداد اللجنة الفرعية   الخليجية رقم TC02/SC01 
 
Prepared by GSO  Technical  Committee No.  TC02/SC01  
 
  
 
 GSO 02/01  / FDS  /ASME FMVSS  138 :2017  
 ASME FMVSS 1 83: 2001  
 
   
نظام مراقبة ضغط الهواء في الإطارات   
 
Tire pressure monitoring  systems (TPMSs)   
 
 
 
 
 
 
ICS:  341.34  
  
هذه الوثيقة مشروع للائحة فنية  خليجية تم توزيعها 
لإبداء الرأي والملاحظات بشأنها، لذلك فإنها عرضة 
للتغيير والتبديل ، ولا يجوز الرجوع إليها كلائحة فنية  
خليجية إلا بعد اعتمادها من الهيئة . 
 This document is  a draft Gulf Standard   
circulated for comments. It is, therefore, 
subject to alteration and modification and 
may not be referred to as a Gulf Standard  
until approved by GSO.  
 المواصفةالقياسية الخليجية  GSO  ASME FMVSS 138  :2017  
  
1 
  تقديم   
 
هيئة التقييس لدول  مجلس التعاون  لدول  الخليج العربية هيئة إقليمية تضم في عضويتها أجهزة التقيييس الونييية فيي 
الييدول  الأعضييا   وميي  مهييا  الهيئيية إعييداا ااواايي ا  القياسييية واللييوا ا ال يييية الخليجييية اواسيي ة لجييان فيييية 
متخصصة . 
قرر  مجلس الإاارة لهيئة  التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول  الخليج  العربية في اجتماعه رقييييييييي م   ..………………… 
الذي عقد      اتاريخ     ......./......./....... هي  ااوافق ......./...../.......        اعتماا اللا حة ال يية    الخليجية رقم     
GSO  ASME FMVSS 138 :2017   التي  تم  اراستها   وتبييها  ع   ااواا ا  الأمريكية الاتحااية للسلامة في 
ااركبا       رقم  ASME FMVSS 138: 2001        اون   إاخال   تعديلا    فيية   عليها   ضم    ارنامج   عمل   
اللجية ال يية ال رعية   الخليجية   رقم TC02/SC01   "اللجية ال يية ال رعية الخليجية اواا ا  ااركبا
والإنارا " اادرجة في خ ة  اولة ق ر  ". 
  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
1 
 Tire pressure monitoring systems  
 
S1   Purpose and scope  
 This standard specifies performance requirements for tire pressure monitoring systems      
(TPMSs) to warn drivers of significant under -inflation of tires and the resulting safety 
problems.  
S2   Application  
 This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and 
buses that have a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds)  or less, 
except those vehicles with dual wheels on an axle, according to the phase -in schedule 
specified in S7 of this standard.  
S3   Definitions  
 The following definitions apply to this standard:  
Lightly loaded vehicle weight  means unloaded vehicle weight plus the weight of a mass 
of 180 kg (396 pounds), including test driver and instrumentation.  
Tire pressure monitoring system  means a system that detects when one or more of a 
vehicle's tires is significantly under -inflated an d illuminates a low tire pressure warning 
telltale.  
Vehicle Placard  and Tire inflation pressure label  mean the sources of information for the 
vehicle manufacturer's recommended cold tire inflation pressure pursuant to §571.110 of this 
Part. 
S4   Requirements  
S4.1   General   
To the extent provided in S7, each vehicle must be equipped with a tire pressure 
monitoring system that meets the requirements specified in S4 under the test conditions 
specified in S5 and the test procedures specified in S6 of  this standard.  
S4.2   TPMS detection requirements  
 The tire pressure monitoring system must:  
(a) Illuminate a low tire pressure warning telltale not more than 20 minutes after the 
inflation pressure in one or more of the vehicle's tires, up to a total of four tires, is equal to or 
less than either the pressure 25 percent below the vehicle manufacturer's recommended cold 
inflation pressure, or the pressure specified in the 3rd column of Table 1 of this standard for 
the corresponding type of tire, whichever is higher;  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
2 
 (b) Continue to illuminate the low tire pressure warning telltale as long as the pressure in 
any of the vehicle's tires is equal to or less than the pressure specified in S4.2(a), and the 
ignition locking system is in the “On” (“Run”) position, whether or not the engine is running, 
or until manually reset in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's instructions.  
S4.3   Low tire pressure warning telltale  
S4.3.1    Each tire pressure monitoring system must include a low tire pressure warning 
telltale that:  
(a) Is mounted inside the occupant compartment in front of and in clear view of the 
driver;  
(b) Is identified by one of the symbols shown for the “Low Tire Pressure” Telltale in 
Table 1 of Standard No. 101 (49 CFR 571.101); and  
(c) Is illuminated  under the conditions specified in S4.2.  
S4.3.2    In the case of a telltale that identifies which tire(s) is (are) under -inflated, each 
tire in the symbol for that telltale must illuminate when the tire it represents is under -inflated 
to the extent specifi ed in S4.2.  
S4.3.3    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each low tire pressure 
warning telltale must illuminate as a check of lamp function either when the ignition locking 
system is activated to the “On” (“Run”) position when the eng ine is not running, or when the 
ignition locking system is in a position between “On” (“Run”) and “Start” that is designated 
by the manufacturer as a check position.  
(b) The low tire pressure warning telltale need not illuminate when a starter interlock is  
in operation.  
S4.4   TPMS malfunction  
(a) The vehicle shall be equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system that includes a 
telltale that provides a warning to the driver not more than 20 minutes after the occurrence of 
a malfunction that affects the g eneration or transmission of control or response signals in the 
vehicle's tire pressure monitoring system. The vehicle's TPMS malfunction indicator shall 
meet the requirements of either S4.4(b) or S4.4(c).  
(b) Dedicated TPMS malfunction telltale.  The vehicle meets the requirements of S4.4(a) 
when equipped with a dedicated TPMS malfunction telltale that:  
(1) Is mounted inside the occupant compartment in front of and in clear view of the 
driver;  
(2) Is identified by the word “TPMS” as described unde r the “Tire Pressure Monitoring 
System Malfunction” Telltale in Table 1 of Standard No. 101 (49 CFR 571.101);  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
3 
 (3) Continues to illuminate the TPMS malfunction telltale under the conditions specified 
in S4.4(a) for as long as the malfunction exists, wheneve r the ignition locking system is in the 
“On” (“Run”) position; and  
(4) (i) Except as provided in paragraph (ii), each dedicated TPMS malfunction telltale 
must be activated as a check of lamp function either when the ignition locking system is 
activated to the “On” (“Run”) position when the engine is not running, or when the ignition 
locking system is in a position between “On” (“Run”) and “Start” that is designated by the 
manufacturer as a check position.  
(ii) The dedicated TPMS malfunction telltale need no t be activated when a starter 
interlock is in operation.  
(c) Combination low tire pressure/TPMS malfunction telltale.  The vehicle meets the 
requirements of S4.4(a) when equipped with a combined Low Tire Pressure/TPMS 
malfunction telltale that:  
(1) Meets th e requirements of S4.2 and S4.3; and  
(2) Flashes for a period of at least 60 seconds but no longer than 90 seconds upon 
detection of any condition specified in S4.4(a) after the ignition locking system is activated to 
the “On” (“Run”) position. After each period of prescribed flashing, the telltale must remain 
continuously illuminated as long as a malfunction exists and the ignition locking system is in 
the “On” (“Run”) position. This flashing and illumination sequence must be repeated each 
time the ignitio n locking system is placed in the “On” (“Run”) position until the situation 
causing the malfunction has been corrected. Multiple malfunctions occurring during any 
ignition cycle may, but are not required to, reinitiate the prescribed flashing sequence.  
S4.5   Written instructions  
(a) Beginning on September 1, 2006, the owner's manual in each vehicle certified as 
complying with S4 must provide an image of the Low Tire Pressure Telltale symbol (and an 
image of the TPMS Malfunction Telltale warning (“TPMS”), i f a dedicated telltale is utilized 
for this function) with the following statement in English:  
Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and 
inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle 
placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the 
size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the 
proper tire inflation pressure for those tires .) 
As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure 
monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of 
your tires is significantly under -inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressur e telltale 
illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the 
proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under -inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and 
can lead to tire failure. Under -inflation also reduces  fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may 
affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability.  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
4 
 Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the 
driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if un der-inflation has not reached 
the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.  
[The following paragraph is required for all vehicles certified to the standard starting on 
September 1, 2007 and for vehicles voluntarily equipped with  a compliant TPMS MIL before 
that time.] Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to 
indicate when the system is not operating properly. [For vehicles with a dedicated MIL 
telltale, add the following statement: The TPMS malfunc tion indicator is provided by a 
separate telltale, which displays the symbol “TPMS” when illuminated.] [For vehicles with a 
combined low tire pressure/MIL telltale, add the following statement: The TPMS malfunction 
indicator is combined with the low tire p ressure telltale. When the system detects a 
malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain 
continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start -ups as 
long as the malfunction exists.] When t he malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system 
may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may 
occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or 
wheels on the vehic le that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the 
TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to 
ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to 
function p roperly.  
(b) The owner's manual may include additional information about the time for the TPMS 
telltale(s) to extinguish once the low tire pressure condition or the malfunction is corrected. It 
may also include additional information about the significance  of the low tire pressure 
warning telltale illuminating, a description of corrective action to be undertaken, whether the 
tire pressure monitoring system functions with the vehicle's spare tire (if provided), and how 
to use a reset button, if one is provid ed. 
(c) If a vehicle does not come with an owner's manual, the required information shall be 
provided in writing to the first purchaser of the vehicle.  
S5   Test conditions  
S5.1   Ambient temperature  
 The ambient temperature is between 0 °C (32 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F).  
S5.2   Road test surface  
 Compliance testing is conducted on any portion of the Southern Loop of the Treadwear 
Test Course defined in appendix A and Figure 2 of section 575.104 of this chapter. The road 
surface is dry during testing.  
 
 
 FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
5 
 S5.3   Vehicle conditions  
S5.3.1    Test weight  
 The vehicle may be tested at any weight between its lightly loaded vehicle weight and 
its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) without exceeding any of its gross axle weight 
ratings.  
S5.3.2    Vehicle speed  
 The vehicle's TPMS is calibrated and tested  at speeds between 50 km/h (31.1 mph) and 
100 km/h (62.2 mph). For vehicles equipped with cruise control, cruise control is not to be 
engaged during testing.  
S5.3.3    Rim position  
 The vehicle rims may be positioned at any wheel position, consistent with a ny related 
instructions or limitations in the vehicle owner's manual.  
S5.3.4    Stationary location  
 The vehicle's tires are shaded from direct sun when the vehicle is parked.  
S5.3.5    Brake pedal application  
. Driving time shall not accumulate during servi ce brake application.  
S5.3.6    Range of conditions or test parameters  
 Whenever a range of conditions or test parameters is specified in this standard, the 
vehicle must meet applicable requirements when tested at any point within the range.  
S5.3.7    Tires  
 The vehicle is tested with the tires installed on the vehicle at the time of initial vehicle 
sale, excluding the spare tire (if provided). However, the spare tire may be utilized for TPMS 
malfunction testing purposes.  
S6   Test procedures  
(a) Inflate the vehicle's tires to the cold tire inflation pressure(s) provided on the vehicle 
placard or the tire inflation pressure label.  
(b) With the vehicle stationary and the ignition locking system in the “Lock” or “Off” 
position, activate the ignition locking syst em to the “On” (“Run”) position or, where 
applicable, the appropriate position for the lamp check. The tire pressure monitoring system 
must perform a check of lamp function for the low tire pressure telltale as specified in 
paragraph S4.3.3 of this standar d. If the vehicle is equipped with a separate TPMS 
malfunction telltale, the tire pressure monitoring system also must perform a check of lamp 
function as specified in paragraph S4.4(b)(4) of this standard.  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
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 (c) If applicable, set or reset the tire pressure  monitoring system in accordance with the 
instructions in the vehicle owner's manual.  
(d) System calibration/learning phase.  
(1) Drive the vehicle for up to 15 minutes of cumulative time (not necessarily 
continuously) along any portion of the test course.  
(2) Reverse direction on the course and drive the vehicle for an additional period of time 
for a total cumulative time of 20 minutes (including the time in S6(d)(1), and not necessarily 
continuously).  
(e) Stop the vehicle and deflate any combination of one  to four tires until the deflated 
tire(s) is (are) at 7 kPa (1 psi) below the inflation pressure at which the tire pressure 
monitoring system is required to illuminate the low tire pressure warning telltale.  
(f) System detection phase.  
(1) Within 5 minutes  of reducing the inflation pressure in the tire(s), drive the vehicle for 
up to 10 -15 minutes of cumulative time (not necessarily continuously) along any portion of 
the test course.  
(2) Reverse direction on the course and drive the vehicle for an additiona l period of time 
for a total cumulative time of 20 minutes (including the time in S6(f)(1), and not necessarily 
continuously).  
(3) The sum of the total cumulative drive time under paragraphs S6(f)(1) and (2) shall be 
the lesser of 20 minutes or the time at  which the low tire pressure telltale illuminates.  
(4) If the low tire pressure telltale did not illuminate, discontinue the test.  
(g) If the low tire pressure telltale illuminated during the procedure in paragraph S6(f), 
deactivate the ignition locking sy stem to the “Off” or “Lock” position. After a 5 -minute 
period, activate the vehicle's ignition locking system to the “On” (“Run”) position. The 
telltale must illuminate and remain illuminated as long as the ignition locking system is in the 
“On” (“Run”) po sition.  
(h) Keep the vehicle stationary for a period of up to one hour with the engine off.  
(i) Inflate all of the vehicle's tires to the same inflation pressure used in paragraph S6(a). 
If the vehicle's tire pressure monitoring system has a manual reset f eature, reset the system in 
accordance with the instructions specified in the vehicle owner's manual. Determine whether 
the telltale has extinguished. If necessary, drive the vehicle until the telltale has been 
extinguished.  
(j) The test may be repeated, u sing the test procedures in paragraphs S6(a) -(b) and S6(d) -
(i), with any one, two, three, or four of the tires on the vehicle under -inflated.  
(k) Simulate one TPMS malfunction by disconnecting the power source to any TPMS 
component, disconnecting any elect rical connection between TPMS components, or installing FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
7 
 a tire or wheel on the vehicle that is incompatible with the TPMS. When simulating a TPMS 
malfunction, the electrical connections for the telltale lamps are not to be disconnected.  
(l) TPMS malfunctio n detection.  
(1) Drive the vehicle for up to 15 minutes of cumulative time (not necessarily 
continuously) along any portion of the test course.  
(2) Reverse direction on the course and drive the vehicle for an additional period of time 
for a total cumulative time of 20 minutes (including the time in S6(l)(1), and not necessarily 
continuously).  
(3) The sum of the total cumulative drive time under paragraphs S6(l)(1) and (2) shall be 
the lesser of 20 minutes or the time at which the TPMS malfunction t elltale illuminates.  
(4) If the TPMS malfunction indicator did not illuminate in accordance with paragraph 
S4.4, as required, discontinue the test.  
(m) If the TPMS malfunction indicator illuminated during the procedure in paragraph 
S6(l), deactivate the ig nition locking system to the “Off” or “Lock” position. After a 5 -minute 
period, activate the vehicle's ignition locking system to the “On” (“Run”) position. The TPMS 
malfunction indicator must again signal a malfunction and remain illuminated as long as th e 
ignition locking system is in the “On” (“Run”) position.  
(n) Restore the TPMS to normal operation. If necessary, drive the vehicle until the 
telltale has extinguished.  
(o) The test may be repeated using the test procedures in paragraphs S6(k) -(n), with e ach 
such test limited to simulation of a single malfunction.  
S7   Phase -in schedule  
S7.1   Vehicles manufactured on or after October 5, 2005, and before September 1, 
2006.  For vehicles manufactured on or after October 5, 2005, and before September 1, 2006,  
the number of vehicles complying with this standard (except for the provisions of S4.4 unless 
the manufacturer elects to also certify to those provisions) must not be less than 20 percent of:  
(a) The manufacturer's average annual production of vehicles ma nufactured on or after 
September 1, 2002, and before October 5, 2005; or  
(b) The manufacturer's production on or after October 5, 2005, and before September 1, 
2006.  
S7.2   Vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2006, and before September 1, 
2007.  For vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2006, and before September 1, 
2007, the number of vehicles complying with this standard (except for the provisions of S4.4 
unless the manufacturer elects to also certify to those provisions) must not be le ss than 70 
percent of:  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
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 (a) The manufacturer's average annual production of vehicles manufactured on or after 
September 1, 2003, and before September 1, 2006; or  
(b) The manufacturer's production on or after September 1, 2006, and before September 
1, 2007.  
S7.3   Vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2007.  Except as provided in S7.7, 
all vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2007 must comply with all requirements of 
this standard.  
S7.4   Calculation of complying vehicles  
(a) Carry -Forward C redits.  For purposes of complying with S7.1, a manufacturer may 
count a vehicle if it is certified as complying with this standard and is manufactured on or 
after April 8, 2005, but before September 1, 2006.  
(b) For purposes of complying with S7.2, a manuf acturer may count a vehicle if it:  
(1) (i) Is certified as complying with this standard and is manufactured on or after April 
8, 2005, but before September 1, 2007; and  
(ii) Is not counted toward compliance with S7.1; or  
(2) Is manufactured on or after Sep tember 1, 2006, but before September 1, 2007.  
(c) Carry -Backward Credits.  At the vehicle manufacturer's option, for purposes of 
complying with S7.1, a manufacturer may count a vehicle it plans to manufacture and to 
certify as complying with this standard t hat will be produced on or after September 1, 2006 
but before September 1, 2007. However, a vehicle counted toward compliance with S7.1 may 
not be counted toward compliance with S7.2. If the vehicle manufacturer decides to exercise 
the option for carry -backward credits, the manufacturer must indicate this in its report for the 
production period corresponding to S7.1 filed pursuant to 49 CFR 585.66. The vehicles are 
counted in fulfillment of the requirements of S7.1, subject to actually being produced in 
compliance with this standard during the specified time period and not being counted toward 
the requirements of S7.2.  
S7.5   Vehicles produced by more than one manufacturer  
S7.5.1    For the purpose of calculating average annual production of vehicles for each  
manufacturer and the number of vehicles manufactured by each manufacturer under S7.1 
through S7.3, a vehicle produced by more than one manufacturer must be attributed to a 
single manufacturer as follows, subject to S7.5.2:  
(a) A vehicle that is imported m ust be attributed to the importer.  
(b) A vehicle manufactured in the United States by more than one manufacturer, one of 
which also markets the vehicle, must be attributed to the manufacturer that markets the 
vehicle.  FOR STUDYGSO STANDARD                                                        GSO FMVSS 138 : 2017 
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 S7.5.2    A vehicle produced by more than one manufacturer must be attributed to any 
one of the vehicle's manufacturers specified by an express written contract, reported to the 
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration under 49 CFR part 585, between the 
manufacturer so specified and the  manufacturer to which the vehicle would otherwise be 
attributed under S7.5.1.  
S7.6   Small volume manufacturers  
 Vehicles manufactured by a manufacturer that produces fewer than 5,000 vehicles for 
sale in the United States during the period of September 1 , 2005 to August 31, 2006, or the 
period from September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2007, are not subject to the corresponding 
requirements of S7.1, S7.2, and S7.4.  
S7.7   Final -stage manufacturers and alterers  
 Vehicles that are manufactured in two or more stag es or that are altered (within the 
meaning of 49 CFR 567.7) after having previously been certified in accordance with part 567 
of this chapter are not subject to the requirements of S7.1 through S7.4. Instead, vehicles that 
are manufactured in two or more stages or that are altered must comply with this standard 
beginning on September 1, 2008.  
 
TABLE 1—LOW TIRE PRESSURE WARNING TELLTALE—MINIMUM ACTIVATION 
PRESSURE  
Column 1 —tire type  Column 2 —maximum or rated inflation 
pressure  Column 3 —
minimum  
activation pressure  
(kPa)  (psi)  (kPa)  (psi)  
P-metric —Standard 
Load  240, 
300, or  
350 35, 
44, or  
51 140 
140 
140 20 
20 
20  
P-metric —Extra Load  280 or  
340 41 or  
49 160 
160 23 
23  
Load Range C  350 51 200 29  
Load Range D  450 65 240 35  
Load Range E  550 80 240 35