G/STR/N/1 6/USA/Rev.1  
 
13 April 2017 
(17-2041) Page: 1/27 
Working Party on State Trading Enterprises  Original: English  
 
STATE TRADING  
NEW AND FULL NOTIFIC ATION P URSUANT TO ARTICLE X VII:4(A) OF  
THE GATT 1994 AND P ARAGRAPH  1 OF THE UNDERSTANDI NG 
ON THE INTERPRETATIO N OF ARTICLE  XVII 
UNITED STATES 
Revision  
The following communication, dated 10 April 2017, is being circulated a t the request of the 
Delegation of  the United States.  
 
_______________  
 
 
Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a) of the GATT 1994 and Paragraph  1 of the Understanding on the 
Interpretation of Article  XVII, the United States makes the following full and new notificat ion of its 
state trading enterprises for 2016 . 
 
This updated notification is being circulated to include statistical data from 2014; otherwise, the 
notification is unchanged and included in its entirety for Members' convenience.  
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  1  COMMODITY CREDIT COR PORAT ION 
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES  
 
A. Identificat ion of state trading enterprise  
 
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC).  
 
B. Description of products affected  
 
Commodities eligible for CCC programs are defined  in the legislation or regulations for the specific 
program. Commodities covered by CCC include: Non -fat dry milk (0402), Butter (0405), Cheese 
(0406), Honey (0409), Dry beans (0713), Wheat (1001), Rye (1002), Barley (1003), Oats (1004), 
Corn (1005), Rice (1006), Sorghum (1007), Soybeans (1201), Peanuts (1202), Flaxseed (1204), 
Sunflower seeds (1206), Sugar (1212), Cotton (5201), Mohair (5102), Wool (4102), and 
Pulses  (0708).  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
 
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining  state trading enterprise  
 
The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a government -owned and operated entity within the 
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). CCC was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm 
income and prices. CCC also helps maintain  balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural 
commodities and aids in their orderly distribution.  
 
B. Legal authority  
 
CCC was incorporated on 17 October 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of 
$3 million. It was initially managed and op erated in close affiliation with the Reconstruction 
Finance Corporation, which funded its operations. On 1 July 1939, CCC was transferred to USDA 
by the President's Reorganization Plan I. It was reincorporated on 1 July 1948, as a federal 
corporation withi n USDA by the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act  (62 Stat. 1070; 
15 U.S.C.  714).  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
 
The CCC Char ter Act, as amended, authorizes CCC to support prices of agricultural commodities, 
including through purchases and sales of agricultural commodities.  
 
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
 
CCC does not have the exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise market, any product.  
 
Organization: CCC is managed by a Board of Directors, subject to the general supervision and 
direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, who is an ex officio  Director and Chairman of the Board. 
In addition to the Secretary, the Board consists of seven members who are appointed by the 
President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. The members of the 
Board and the Corporation's officers are a ll officials of USDA. CCC has no operating personnel. Its 
activities are carried out primarily through the personnel and facilities of agencies within USDA.  
 
Financing: CCC has an authorized capital stock of $100 million held by the United States, with the  
authority to have outstanding borrowings of up to $30 billion at any one time.  
 
Funds may be borrowed from the U.S. Treasury and may also be borrowed from private lending 
agencies and others. Interest on any borrowings from the Treasury (and on capital st ock) is paid 
at a rate based upon the average interest rate of all outstanding marketable obligations 
(of comparable maturity date) of the U.S. Government as of the preceding month. Interest may G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  also be paid on other notes and obligations at a rate prescri bed by the CCC and approved by the 
Secretary of the Treasury.  
 
Export Programs: CCC is authorized to make sales from its inventories to export markets. 
However, CCC has not done so since 1995.  
 
Import Programs: CCC has not engaged in import activity.  
 
C. Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
As noted, CCC does not have the exclusive right to export or import, or otherwise market, any 
product. All agr icultural commodity import and export activities within the customs territory of the 
United States may be freely entered into by private sector traders without any special conditions 
or restrictions.  
 
D. How import/export levels are determined by the stat e trading enterprise  
 
During the notification period, CCC did not import or export any commodities.  
 
E. How export prices are determined  
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)).  
 
F. How the resale prices of imported products are determined  
 
Not applicable (see 3 (d)) . 
 
G. Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise. Whether the 
state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations  entered into by the 
government  
 
Although CCC may be authorized by law to negotiate long -term sa les contracts, such authority is 
not currently used.  
 
H. Description of market structure  
 
Agricultural commodity markets are characterized by numerous independent buyers and sellers.  
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION   
 
Table I:  Import information by product: No t applicable; no products imported.  
 
Table II:  Export information by product: Not applicable; no products exported.  
 
Table III:  Domestic activities where state trading enterprise also trades products internationally: 
Not applicable; no products traded int ernationally.  
 
V.  REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE  
 
During the period, CCC did not engage in exports or imports because such activity was not 
required to achieve CCC's mission.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION   
 
None. 
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  2  ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTR IBUTION PROGRAM FUND  
I. ENUMERATION OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 
A. Identification of state trading enterprise  
 
The United States maintains the Isotope Production and Distribution Program Fund (IP&D) within 
the Department of Energy (DOE).  
 
B. Descript ion of products affected  
 
The products affected are isotopes under Harmonized Tariff System headings 2844 and  2845.  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE   
 
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
DOE provides radioactive and st able isotope products and associated services to a wide and varied 
domestic and international market. The IP&D produces and sells radioactive and stable isotopes, 
by-products, surplus materials, and related isotope services. These products and services are  sold 
worldwide and are used for a variety of research, development, biomedical, and industrial 
applications. The program's objectives are to produce and distribute isotopes for research and 
development, medical diagnostics and therapy, and other applicati ons that are in the national 
interest.  
 
B. Summary of Basis for Exclusive Rights or Privileges  
 
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 provides the basic authority for DOE to produce and distribute 
isotopes and to support research and development of new isotope pr oducts and technology.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 
A. Overview  
 
For over 50 years, this program and its predecessors have been at the forefront of the 
development and production of stable and radioactive isotope pr oducts that are now used 
world -wide. DOE applies its unique expertise and capabilities to address technology issues 
associated with the application, production, handling, and distribution of isotopes. Adequate 
supplies of medical and research isotopes are essential to maintain effective diagnosis, treatment, 
and research capabilities in the United States. The program's products and services are sold to 
over 20  countries. The program produces isotopes only where there is no U.S. private sector 
capability or other production capacity is insufficient to meet U.S. needs. The specific materials 
sold under the program are listed in Annex I.  
 
The program also develops improved means of producing and separating isotopes that are needed 
to serve the national interes t. Such services include, but are not limited to, irradiation services, 
target preparation and processing, source encapsulation and other special preparations, analyses, 
chemical separations, and the lease of stable isotopes for research purposes.  
 
The pr ogram supports the production and development of production techniques of radioactive and 
stable isotopes that are in short supply. Isotopes are high -priority commodities of strategic 
importance for the United States and are essential for energy, medical, national security, and basic 
research. A goal of the program is to make critical isotopes more readily available to meet U.S. 
domestic needs. To this end, the program functions as a business and, therefore, focuses attention 
on the quality of products and services, customer satisfaction, cost control, marketing, pricing 
stability, and revenue and cash collections.  
 
The IP&D sells isotopes to government entities, domestic purchasers, and to foreign purchasers.  
 
DOE coordinates its activities with commercial  producers to ensure the continued availability of 
essential isotopes. DOE is streamlining its activities by consolidating or privatizing wherever 
possible to reduce the cost to U.S. taxpayers.  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
 
See (a) above.  
 
C. Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
Private companies and universities engaged in the p roduction and distribution of isotopes are 
permitted to import and export isotopes.  
 
D. How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise  
 
To ascertain current and future demands of the community, the program develops working groups 
with other federal agencies, fosters interactions between customers and program staff, obtains 
data from site visits, attends society exhibitions, and develops strategic plans and priorities with 
community input. Research on market sizes, pricing pressures,  and customer feedback is also 
obtained through independent surveys and studies, as well as program management assessments.  
 
E. How export prices are determined  
 
Prices charged for the program's products are based on production costs, market value, and 
research needs.  
 
F. How the resale prices of imported products are determined  
 
Import prices are determined by production costs and market value.  
 
G. Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise. Whether the 
state trading enterpr ise is used to fulfil contractual obligations  entered into by the 
government  
 
Long-term contracts are negotiated often with price discounts for quantity purchases.  
 
H. Description of market structure  
 
The worldwide isotope market has three major components : medical, industry (including homeland 
security), and scientific (non -medical) research. This market is characterized by high barriers to 
entry, production facilities that are primarily government owned and operated, and demand driven 
by a few major comme rcial customers. The number of suppliers for selected major isotopes is 
growing due to a shortage of suppliers for these key isotopes used in hospitals and the private 
sector.  
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION  
 
2014 and 2015: Table I. The State Trading Enterpri se (Isotope Production and Distribution (IP&D) 
is engaged in the primary production and distribution of stable (enriched) and radioisotopes, not 
their importation. However, several targets with a total activity of 1,572,056 MBq (2014) and 
1,504,605 MBq (20 15) were irradiated in foreign facilities and imported into the United States by 
IP&D to augment domestic supply where IP&D could not meet demand. These irradiated targets 
were chemically processed by IP&D with the result that significant value was added t o the product 
by IP&D prior to being sold in a form required by the customers.  
 
2014 and 2015: Table II. Cobalt -60 (HS 2844.40.0010) was not sold to foreign customers during 
this reporting period. Heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000) was not exported during this reporting 
period.  
 
2014 and 2015: Table III: Because IP&D is engaged in the primary production of these isotopes 
for distribution, no domestic purchases of these materials were made by IP&D during 2014 and 
2015. Cobalt -60 (HS  2844.10.0000) and heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000) were not sold 
domestically in 2014 and 2015.  
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE   
 
Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION  
 
None.  
 
 
_______________  
 
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  ANNEX 1  
List of isotopes sold in 2014 and 2015 
 
Actinium -225 
Aluminum -26 
Americium -243 
Antimony -121, -123 
Arsenic -73 
Barium -130, -134, -135, -136, -137, -138 
Berkelium -249 
Beryllium -7 
Bismuth -207 
Bromine -79 
Cadmium -106, -108, -110, -111, -112, -113, -
116 
Calcium -40, -42, -43, -44, -46, -48 
Californium -249, -252 
Cerium -136, -140, -142 
Chlorine -35, -37 
Chromium -50, -53, -54 
Copper -63, -65 
Dysprosium -160, -162, -163, -164 
Erbium -166, 167, -168 
Europium -151, -153 
Gadolinium -152, -154, -155, -156, -158, -160 
Gallium -69, -71 
Germanium -68, -70, -73, -74 
Hafnium -176, -177, -178, -179, -180 
Helium -3 
Indium -113 
Iridium -191 
Iron-54, -55, -56, -57, -58 
Lanthanium -138 
Lead-204, -206, -207, -208, -212 
Lithium -6 
Lutetium -176 
Magnesium -24, -25, -26 
Mercury -196, -198, -199, -200, -201, -202, -
204 
Molybdenum -92, -94, -95, -96, -97, -98, -100 Neodymium -142, -143, -144, -145, -146, -148, 
-150 
Neptunium -237 
Nickel -58, -60, -61, -62, -63, -64 
Osmium -188, -189, -190, -192 
Oxygen -16 
Palladium -102, -104, -105, -106, -108, 110  
Platinum -192, -194, -195, -196, -198 
Plutonium -239, -242 
Polonium -209 
Potassi um-39, -40, -41 
Radium -225 
Rhenium -185, 187  
Rubidium -83, -85, -87 
Ruthenium -98, -99, -100, -101, -102, -104 
Samarium -144, -147, -148, -149, -150, -152, -
154 
Selenium -75, -77, -78, -80, -82 
Silicon -28, -29, -30, -32 
Silver -107, -109 
Sodium -22 
Strontium -82, -84, -86, -87, -88, -90 
Sulfur -32, -33, -34  
Technetium -99 
Tellurium -125, -128, -130 
Thallium -203 
Thorium -227, -228, -229 
Tin-117, -118, -119, -120, -122 
Titanium -47, -48, -49, -50 
Tungsten -180, -182, -183, -184, -186, -188 
Uranium -235 
Ytterbium -171, -172, -176 
Yttrium -88 
Zinc-64, -65, -66, -67, -68, -70 
Zirconium -90, -91, -92, -94, -96 
 
 
  
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 8 - TABLE I  
STATE TRADING:  ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2014  
Description of Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Import Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark -up National Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  1,572,056 MBq  $2.09/MBq  Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - HS 
2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844;  
compou nd inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 9 -  
TABLE I  
STATE TRADING : ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS  2015 
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark -up National 
Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound w ith 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  1,504,605 MBq  $2.01/MBq  Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) – 
HS 2845. 10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  Not Applicable  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 10 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING: ISOTO PES PRODUCTION AND D ISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2014  
Description of Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Exported  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement 
Price  Average  Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average 
Export Price  National 
Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  1,176,415 MBq  $1,538,035 total  Unknown  $1.30/MBq  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  25.04 kg  $1,013,978 total  Unknown  $40,494/kg  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 11 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING : ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2015  
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Total 
Quantity 
Exported  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average 
Procurement 
Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average Export 
Price  National 
Production  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  Unknown  1,096,047 MBq  $1,168,709.31 total  Unknown  $1.07/MBq  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  Unknown  0 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, e xcept heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  Unknown  26.716 kg  $881,188 total  Unknown  $33,269.70/kg  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 12 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING:  ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTR IBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2014  
Description of Product Including 
HS Number  Domestic Purchases By State 
Trading Enterprises  National Production  Domestic Sales  
By State Trading  
Enterprise  National Consumption  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  $0 Unknown  13,859,201 MBq  
($1.46/MBq)  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10.0000  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844;  
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  $0 Unknown  38.75 kg  
$45,595/kg  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN.   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 13 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING : ISOTOPES PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2015  
Description of Product  Including 
HS Number  Domestic Purchases b y State 
Trading Enterprises  National Production  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consum ption  
Element, Isotope & Compound with 
Radioactivity only -  
HS 2844.40.0010  $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Radioactive Element, Isotope & 
Compound, nesoi - 
HS 2844.40.0020  $0 Unknown  16,505,168 MBq  
($1.60/MBq)  Unknown  
Heavy Water (deuterium oxide) - 
HS 2845.10. 0000 $0 Unknown  $0 Unknown  
Isotopes, except heading 2844; 
compound inorganic/organic, nesoi -  
HS 2845.90.0000  $0 Unknown  57 kg  
($32,700.40/kg)  Unknown  
Source : National Isotope Development Center, Isotope Business Office, Oak Ridge, TN  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
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  3  POWER ADMINISTRAT IONS  
I. ENUMERATION OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES  
 
A. Identification of state trading enterprises  
 
The United States maintains the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville), Southeastern Power 
Administration (Southeastern), Southwestern Power Adminis tration (Southwestern), and Western 
Area Power Administration (Western) within the Department of Energy. Southeastern and 
Southwestern had no foreign transactions in the current or recent reporting periods. Information 
on these two entities is being provid ed for transparency purposes.  
 
B. Description of product affected  
 
The product affected is Electrical Energy, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2716.  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
 
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprises  
 
The Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) market wholesale electricity generated at 
hydroelectric dams owned and managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) 
and the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation). Bonneville also mark ets electricity 
generated by a nuclear plant owned and operated by Energy Northwest, and by a non -federally 
owned and operated hydro project. Western also markets about 400 MW of capacity generated by 
the Navajo coal -fired plant in Arizona. The federal gov ernment began to market electricity after 
Congress authorized the construction of the dams and established major water projects by the 
Corps and Reclamation, primarily in the 1930s through the 1960s. The Corps and Reclamation 
operate these projects to prov ide or manage water for such multiple purposes as irrigation, flood 
control, navigation, recreation, water supply, and environmental enhancement. These agencies 
also generate electricity at hydropower plants located at federal water projects. The PMAs sell  the 
power that is not used for project purposes to cooperatives and public bodies, such as municipal 
utilities, irrigation districts, military installations, and to other utilities, and any power surplus to 
those needs to other power purchasing entities.  
 
In addition to the more general purposes above, the self -financed Bonneville is obligated to meet 
requesting publicly -owned utilities' loads in its Pacific Northwest marketing area; own, operate, 
and maintain a high -voltage transmission system; encourage conservation; and to protect, 
mitigate and enhance the fish and wildlife of the Columbia River and its tributaries. Bonneville sells 
at wholesale and at cost the electric power produced at 31 operating federal hydroelectric projects 
owned and operated by t he Corps and Reclamation, and the electric power produced by the 
non-federally owned and operated nuclear and hydro plants previously mentioned. Bonneville 
acquires and sells non -Federal electric power and conservation resources sufficient to meet the 
net, non-generating, requirements of Bonneville public customers. Bonneville's Administrator and 
the Corps' Division Engineer, Northwestern Division, are directed by Executive Order to be the U.S. 
Entity overseeing the execution of the 1961 Columbia River Trea ty between the United States and 
Canada.  
 
B. Legal authority  
 
The PMAs are separate and distinct entities within the Department of Energy (DOE), operating 
pursuant to their enabling legislation, including the Department of Energy Organization Act 
of 1977.  
 
The Bonneville Project Act of 1937 ("Project Act") established the Bonneville Power Administration 
within the Department of the Interior (later incorporated into the Department of Energy). 
The Bonneville Project Act, the Federal Columbia River Transmissi on System Act of 1974, the 
Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act of 1980, the Columbia River Treaty 
of 1961, and other federal laws contain provisions that define Bonneville's mission and/or affect 
the way it is carried out.  
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 15 - 
 
  The missions of the Southeastern Power Administration and the Southwestern Power 
Administration are set forth in section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944.  
 
The authority for Western Area Power Administration's operations derives from the federal 
reclamation laws, in particular section 9(c) of the Reclamation Project Act of 1939, and consistent 
with section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES  
 
A. Overview  
 
The PMAs sell electric power gener ated by hydroelectric projects (and others as noted) owned and 
operated by Reclamation or the Corps, who also provide or manage water for such multiple 
purposes as irrigation, flood control, navigation, recreation, municipal water supply, and 
environmental  enhancement.  
 
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprises  
 
The PMAs, except the self -financed Bonneville, are funded by a variety of methods, including 
annual appropriations to DOE and use of PMA receipts. The non -Bonneville PMA revenue that is not 
used to fund PMA activities is deposited in the Miscellaneous Receipts account and the Reclamation 
Fund in the U.S. Treasury. The PMAs are exempt from Federal income taxation and from state and 
local tax ation.  
 
Bonneville is a self -financed federal entity. Bonneville is authorized to use the proceeds in the BPA 
fund without appropriation and without fiscal year limitation. BPA's revenues are not part of the 
general funds of the U.S. Treasury. To finance i ts capital programs, Bonneville is authorized by the 
Federal Columbia River Transmission System Act of 1974, as amended, to issue to the U.S. 
Treasury up to $7.7 billion of interest -bearing bonds with terms and repayment conditions 
comparable to debt issue d by U.S. government corporations. Bonneville is statutorily treated 
(16 U.S.C 838i (c)) as a wholly -owned U.S. Government corporation under provisions of the 
Government Corporation Control Act (31  U.S.C  9106) for purposes of its financial and budget 
opera tions.  
 
C. Type of entities other than the state trading enterprises that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participation  
 
More than 3,000 private investor -owned, local government -owned, and cooperatively -owned 
utilities e ngaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity are permitted to 
import and export electricity.  
 
D. How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprises  
 
The PMAs may import and export electricity as authorized by  each PMA's legislative authority and 
by its management. Southeastern and Southwestern do not import or export power to other 
countries. Western imports and exports only non -firm power. A portion of the firm power output 
generated at federal and non -federa l mid-Columbia River projects is owned by Canada ("Canadian 
Entitlement") under the terms of the Columbia River Treaty, and Bonneville delivers that power to 
Canada primarily at the US/Canadian border on behalf of the U.S. Entity and is obligated to do so 
through at least 16 September 2024. Additionally, from time to time, Bonneville may import or 
export short -term non -firm or firm energy or capacity.  
 
The PMAs are not required to obtain export authorizations. Import and export levels are 
determined by supp ly and demand.  
 
E. How export prices are determined  
 
Western and Bonneville export surplus power at market -based rates.  
 G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 16 - 
 
  F. How the resale prices of imported products are determined  
 
The costs Bonneville and Western incur to purchase imported power are in corporated into the 
power -related production costs for these agencies.  Firm power is sold to customers at cost -based 
firm power rates.  The price of surplus power sales is set at market prices.  This market price can 
vary significantly, depending on market c onditions. Any excess revenue derived from the sale of 
surplus power is used to reduce future firm power rates, ensuring that the agencies do not recover 
more than their full power -related costs.  
 
G. Whether long -term contracts are negotiated by the state  trading enterprises. Whether the 
state trading enterprises are used to fulfil contractual obligations  entered into by the 
government  
 
Bonneville, Southeastern, Southwestern, and Western sign long -term contracts for the sale of 
federally -generated power wi thin the United States. Western does not sign long -term contracts for 
the exportation or importation of non -firm power. The Columbia River Treaty provides for the 
delivery of the Canadian share of the Treaty's downstream power benefits to the Canadian bord er 
through at least 16 September 2024, of approximately 4.3 Terawatt hours annually.  
 
H. Description of market structure  
 
The structure for the electricity market is competitive. Private investor -owned utilities, both U.S. 
and foreign -owned, government ins trumentalities and government -owned providers of electricity, 
are engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in the United States. The 
regional electric grids are interconnected with Canada and Mexico. There is no tariff on ele ctricity.  
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION  
 
See attached tables.  
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE  
 
Not applicable.  
 
VI. OTHER INFORMATION   
 
None. 
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 17 - TABLE I  
STATE TRADING:  POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2014  
 Descri ption of 
Product Including HS 
Number  Total Quantity 
Imported1 Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise2 Average Import 
Price  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales Price3 Mark -up National Production4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy – 
HS 2716 67 billion  kWh 0 N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy – 
HS 2716 67 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy – 
HS 2716 67 billion kWh  0.027 billion kWh  $0.0385/kWh  10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy – 
HS 2716 67 billion kWh  Op Agrmnts:  0.01 
billion kWh*  Energy:  
7.57 billion kWh*  $.0336/kWh  
@ MidC  10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
(*Source:  Power Operations, PGPO, Canadian Imports/Exports Report)  
                                                
1 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Ov erview (Imports).  
2 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2013 – September 2014) rather than calendar year amounts.  Bonneville amounts include all power 
originating outside the US and flowing across BPA system transmission.  
3 Energy Information Administration, “Electric Power Monthly, November 2016” - Table 5.3. Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End -Use 
Sector, 2006 through November 2016 (All Sectors).  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Month ly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Net Generation, Total).  
  
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 18 - TABLE I 
STATE TRADING: POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2015  
 Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported1 Quantity Imported by State 
Trading Enterprise2 Average 
Import Price  Average Representative 
Domestic S ales Price3 Mark -up National 
Production4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  76 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  76 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  76 billion kWh  0.082 billion kWh  $0.1078/kWh  10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  76 billion kWh  Op Agrmnts: 0.01 billion kWh* 
Energy: 12.77 billion kWh*  $.0235/kWh  
@ MidC  10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
*Source : Power Operations, PGPO, Canadian Imports/Exports Report  
                                                
1 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Imports).  
2 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2014 – September 2015) rather than calendar year amounts.  Bonneville amounts include all power 
originating outside the US and flowing across BPA system transmission.  
3 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly, Novem ber 2016 " - Table 5.3. Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End -Use 
Sector, 2006 through November 2016 (All Sectors).  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview  (Net Generation, Total).   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 19 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING: POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2014  
 Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Exported1 Quantity  Exported by 
State Trading Enterprise2 Average 
Procurement 
Price  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price3 Average Export 
Price  National Production4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 13 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 13 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  N/A 4,094 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 13 billion kWh  300.0 thousand kWh  N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  $0.0180/kWh  4,094 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 
2716 13 billion kWh  Op Agreements:  4.19 billion 
kWh*  
Energy:  5.51 billion kWh*  N/A 10.44 cents/kWh  $0.0336/kWh  
@MidC  4,094 billion kWh  
(*Source:  Power Operations, PGPO, Canadian Imports/Exports Report)  
                                                
1 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Exports).  
2 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2013 – September 2014) rather than calendar  year amounts.  Bonneville amounts include all power 
syncing outside the US and flowing across BPA system transmission.  
3 Energy Information Administration, “Electric Power Monthly, November 2016” - Table 5.3. Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimat e Customers: Total by End -Use 
Sector, 2006 through November 2016 (All Sectors).  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Net Generation, Total).   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 20 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING : POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATIO N 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2015  
 Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total 
Quantity 
Exported1 Quantity Exported by State 
Trading Enterprise2 Average 
Procurement 
Price  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price3 Average Export 
Price  National  Production4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  9 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  9 billion kWh  0 N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  N/A 4,087 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  9 billion kWh  88.0 thousand kWh  N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  $0.1045/kWh  4,087 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - 
HS 2716  9 billion kWh  Op Agreements: 4.09  billion kWh*  
Energy: 2.89 billion kWh*  N/A 10.42 cents/kWh  $0.0235/kWh  
@MidC  4,087 billion kWh  
*Source : Power Operations, PGPO, Canadian Imports/Exports Report  
 
                                                
1 Energy Information Administration, "Month ly Energy Review, January 2017 " - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Exports).  
2 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2014 – September 2015) rather than calendar year amounts. Bonneville amounts include all power 
syncing outside t he US and flowing across BPA system transmission.  
3 Energy Information Administration, "Electric Power Monthly, November  2016" - Table 5.3. Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End -Use 
Sector, 2006 through November 2016 (All Sectors).  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017 " - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Net Generation, Total).   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 21 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING:  POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATION  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2014  
 Description of Product Including 
HS Number  Domestic Purchases By 
State Trading 
Enterprises1 National Production2 Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise3 National Consumption4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  389.0 million kWh  4,094 billion kWh  6.95 billion kWh  3,903 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  115.1 million kWh 4,094 billion kWh  3.4 billion kWh  3,903 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  8.9 billion kWh  4,094 billion kWh  33.0 billion kWh  3,903 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  3.0 billion kWh*  4,094 billion kWh  85.7 billion kWh**  3,903 billion kWh  
* Domestic purchases by Bonneville ( Source:  Power Operations, PGPO, MWH Reconciliation Report)  
** Domestic sales by Bonneville ( Source:  Power Operations, PGPO, MWH Reconciliation Report)  
                                                
1 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2013 – September 2014) rather than calendar y ear amounts.  
2 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Net Generation, Total).  
3 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2013 – September 2014) rather than calenda r year amounts.  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017" - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (End Use, Total).   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 22 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING : POWER MARKETING ADMI NISTRATION  
STATISTICAL INFORMAT ION, DOMESTIC ACTIVI TIES 2015  
 Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases  
by State Trading 
Enterprises1 National Production2 Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise3 National Consumption4 
Southeastern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  1.1 billion kWh  4,087 billion kWh  5.4 billion kWh  3,863 billion kWh  
Southwestern  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  115.1 million kWh  4,087 billion kWh  6.1 billion kWh  3,863 billion kWh  
Western  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  7.4 billion kWh  4,087 billion kWh  30.6 billion kWh  3,863 billion kWh  
Bonneville  Electrical Energy - HS 2716  2.5 billion kWh*  4,087 billion kWh  79.0 billion kWh**  3,863 billion kWh  
* Domestic purchases by Bonneville = Total purchases for CY 2015 of 2973 M kWh minus 446M  kWh imports = 2,527M  kWh of domestic purchases.  
(Source : Power Operations, PGPO, MWH Reconciliation Report)  
** Domestic sales by Bonneville = Total sales for CY 2015 of 81,287M kWh minus 2,326M kWh of exports = 78,961M  kWh of domestic sales.  
(Source : Power Operations, PGPO, MWH Reconciliation Report)  
                                                
1 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2014 – September 2015) rather than calendar ye ar amounts.  
2 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017 " - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (Net Generation, Total).  
3 Southeastern and Western amounts are fiscal year amounts (October 2014 – September 2015) rather than calendar  year amounts.  
4 Energy Information Administration, "Monthly Energy Review, January 2017 " - Table 7.1 Electricity Overview (End Use, Total).  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 23 - 
 
  4  STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE  
I. ENUMERATION OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 
A. Identification of state trading enterprise  
 
The United States maintains the Strategic Petroleum Reserve within the Department of Energy.  
 
B. Description of product affected  
 
The product affected is Crude Petroleum, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2709.  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE   
 
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
The Strategic Petroleum  Reserve (SPR) is a crude oil stockpile, managed by the Department of 
Energy (DOE). The SPR mission is to reduce vulnerability to economic, national security, and 
foreign policy consequences of supply interruptions.  
 
B. Legal authority  
 
The SPR was create d pursuant to the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 22  December  1975 
(Public Law 94 -163), as amended, to reduce the impact of disruptions in supplies of petroleum 
products and to carry out obligations of the United States under the Agreement on an 
International Energy Program.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 
A. Overview  
 
The United States, through the SPR, owns and operates four underground storage facilities for 
crude oil with a combined design storage capacity of 713 .5 million barrels. The SPR acquires both 
domestic and imported crude oil through purchase and exchange. In recent years, oil has been 
obtained primarily through the competitive purchase of domestic or imported oil to be delivered to 
the SPR. Together the facilities and crude oil represent more than a $39 billion national 
investment.  
 
During an emergency "drawdown" of crude oil from the reserve, DOE is to competitively sell and 
distribute the crude oil to purchasers primarily through commercial pipelines an d marine terminals.  
 
On 12 March 2014, the SPR issued a Notice of Sale for a test sale of five million barrels of crude 
oil. The purpose of the test sale was to evaluate the SPR 's sales and drawdown distribution 
capabilities within the SPR TEXOMA distribut ion system, which includes the SPR sites at Big Hill, 
Texas and West Hackberry, Louisiana. In 2015, the SPR repurchased crude oil with the proceeds of 
the test sale as required by law. Between May 7 and July 16 of 2015, the SPR received 
25 deliveries total ling 4,194,296 barrels of crude oil at a cost of $238,949,563.  
 
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
The SPR, is an agency of the United States Government funded by annual appropriations for  the 
Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account and by the SPR Petroleum Account. During an emergency 
drawdown and sale of crude oil, the SPR Petroleum Account is the source of funding the 
incremental costs of withdrawing oil from the storage caverns and transpor ting it to the point 
where purchasers take title. If additional funds are required for drawdown, they may be 
transferred from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account or other DOE offices. The Federal 
Government deposits to the account an amount equal to re ceipts realized from sales resulting from 
an emergency drawdown to create additional funding to fill the SPR.  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 24 - 
 
  C. Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in 
importation/exportation and conditions for participatio n 
Private companies engaged in the exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of 
crude oil are permitted to import and export crude oil.  
D. How import/export levels are established for state trading enterprise  
Oil is imported in accordance  with Reserve fill plans as determined by legislative or Administration 
direction.  
E. How export prices are determined  
The price of SPR crude oil sold is determined through competition open to all financially 
responsible offerors.  
F. How the resale prices of imported products are determined  
Imported and domestic crude oil is commingled in the underground storage facilities. The price 
of SPR crude oil sold is determined through competition open to all financially responsible offerors.  
G. Whether long -term co ntracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise. Whether the 
state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations  entered into by the 
government  
The SPR has previously used exchange contracts to fill the Reserve. It is anticipated that  future 
purchases of crude oil will be done through a competitive  purchase program. The SPR is currently 
at 97.4 percent full to its capacity.  
H. Description of market structure  
The structure of the crude oil market is international and competitive. Vertic ally-integrated oil 
companies and independent companies, both U.S. and foreign -owned, are engaged in the 
exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of crude oil in the United States. 
The tariffs on crude oil are 5.25  cents per barrel for c rude oil testing less than 25 degrees API and 
10.5 cents per barrel for crude oil testing 25 degrees API or more.  
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION  
See attached tables.  
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE  
Not applicable.  
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION  
None.  
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 25 - TABLE I  
STATE TRADING: STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2014  
Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price  Average Representative 
Domes tic Sales Price  Mark -up****  National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  2,680,626*  0 
(1,000 Barrels)  $97.13**  N/A 
(Per Barrel)***  N/A 3,198,694*  
* Source:  2014 U.S. Crude Oil Supply and Disposition, http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=mcrimus1&f=a  
** Average import price:  Total cost of imports by the STE (c.i.f. basis) divided by the total quantity imported by the STE  
*** Source:  EIA Monthl y Energy Review May 2014, Table 9.1:  Crude Oil Price Summary  
**** Source:  http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCRFPUS1&f=M  
 
STATISTICAL  INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2015  
Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Imported  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  Average Import 
Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark -up****  National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 270 9 2,682,946  
(1,000 Barrels)*  0  
(1,000 Barrels)  $46.40**  N/A 
(Per Barrel)***  N/A 3,442,205  
(1,000 Barrels)*  
* Source : 2015 U.S. Crude Oil Supply and Disposition, http://eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_s um_crdsnd_k_a.htm  
** Average import price: Total cost of imports by the STE (c.i.f. basis) divided by the total quantity imported by the STE  
*** Source : EIA Monthly Ener gy Review May 2015, Table 9.1: Crude Oil Price Summary  
**** Members may report either under column 4 and 5 or under column 6   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 26 - TABLE II  
STATE TRADING: STRAT EGIC PETROLEUM RESER VE 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2014  
Description of Product 
Including HS Number  Total Quantity 
Exported  Quantity 
Exported by State 
Trading 
Enterprise**  Average 
Procurement 
Price  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average Export 
Price  National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  128,233*  0 N/A N/A 
(Per Barrel)***  N/A 128,233****  
* Source:  2014 U.S. Exports of Crude Oil, http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCREXUS1&f=a  
** In cases where no exports have taken place under the column "Quantity Exported by State Trading Enterprise", an explanatio n is provided under  Section  V, paragraph 5 of 
 this questionnaire.  
*** Source:  EIA Monthly Energy Review May 2014, Table 9.1:  Crude Oil Price Summary  
**** Source:  http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCRFPUS1&f=M  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2015  
Description of 
Product Including 
HS Number  Total Quantity 
Exported  Quantity Exported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise**  Average Procurement 
Price  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Average Export 
Price  National Production  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  167,258  
(1,000 Barrels)*  0 N/A N/A 
(Per Barrel)***  N/A 3,442,205  
(1,000 Barrels)****  
* Source : 2015 U.S. Exports of Crude Oil, http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_move_exp_dc_NUS -Z00_mbbl_a.htm  
** In cases where no exports have taken place under the column "Quantity Exported by State Trading Enterprise", an explanation is provided under Section  V, paragraph  5 of 
this questionnaire.  
*** Source : EIA Monthly Ener gy Review May 2015, Table 9.1: Crude Oil Price Summary  
**** Source : Crude Oil Production http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_crd_crpdn_adc_mbbl_a.htm   
  G/STR/N/16/USA/Rev.1  
 
- 27 - TABLE III  
STATE TRADING : STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2014  
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases By  
State Trading Enterprises  Natio nal Production  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  0 (1,000 Barrels)  3,198,694 (1,000 Barrels)*  5,000,000***  19,106  
(1,000 Barrels/Day Average)**  
* Source:  http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MCRFPUS1&f=M  
** 4 Week Average of U.S. Product Supplied of Petroleum Products  
 Source: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MTTUPUS2&f=M  
*** March 2014 Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPR) Test Sale  
 Source : http://usitc.gov/publications/docs/tata/hts/bychapter/1400htsa.pdf  2014 International Trade Commission: Harmonized Tariff Schedule  
 
 
STATISTICAL INFORMAT ION, DOMESTIC ACTIVI TIES 2015  
Description of Product  
Including HS Number  Domestic Purchases by 
State Trading Enterprises  National Production  Domestic Sales By State 
Trading Enterprise  National Consumption  
Crude Oil - HS 2709  0 
(1,000 Barrels)  3,442,205  
(1,000 Barrels)*  5,000,000***  19,544  
 (1,000 Barrels/Day Average)**  
* Source : Crude Oil Production http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_crd_crpdn_ adc_mbbl_a.htm  
** Source : 4 Week Average of U.S. Product Supplied of Petroleum Products, http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=MTTUPUS2&f=M  
*** Source : March 2014 Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPR) Test Sale, http://usitc.gov/publications/docs/tata/hts/bychapter/1400htsa.pdf , 2014  International Trade 
Commission: Harmonized Tariff Schedule  
 
__________