DEAS 158: 2018  
ICS 75.160.20 
 
© EAC 2018                                                                                                                             Third  Edition 2018   
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Automotive gasoline (premium motor spirit)  — Specification  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  DEAS 158: 2018  
ii © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
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participants in the EAC standards de velopment process is permitted without prior permission from EAC, 
neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for 
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© East African Community  2018  — All rights reserved  
East African Community  
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Tanzania  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agre ement.  
Violators may be prosecuted . DEAS 158: 2018  
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  iii 
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged 
within the Community will be removed.  
In order to achieve this objective, the Community established an East African Standards Committee mandated 
to develop a nd issue East African Standards.  
The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together 
with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards 
are circul ated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments 
received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures 
of the Community.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing.  
EAS 158 was prepared by Technical Committee EAS/TC 0 68, Petroleum and petroleum products . 
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (EAS 158:2012), which has been technically 
revised.  
. 
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  DEAS 158: 2018  
 
© EAC 2018 – All rights  reserved  1 
 Automotive gasoline (premium motor spirit)  — Specification  
1 Scope  
This Draft East African Standard spe cifies requirements and methods of sampling and test for 
automotive gasoline, Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), also commonly known as petrol, for use in spark 
ignition engines, including those equipped with devices to reduce emitted pollutants. The standard 
applies to PMS as manufactured, stored, transported and marketed.  
2 Normative references  
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this document.  For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
ASTM D86, Standard test method for distillation of petroleum products at atmospheric pressure  
ASTM D130, Standard Test Meth od for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip 
Test 
ASTM D323, Standard test method for vapour pressure of petroleum products (Reid Method)  
ASTM D381, Standard Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation  
ASTM D525, Stand ard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)  
ASTM D1298, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and 
Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method  
ASTM D1319, Standard Test Met hod for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent 
Indicator Adsorption  
ASTM D2622, Standard Test Method for Sulphur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X -ray 
Fluorescence Spectrometry  
ASTM D2699, Standard Test Method for Rese arch Octane Number of Spark -Ignition Engine Fuel  
ASTM D2700, Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark -Ignition Engine Fuel  
ASTM D3227, Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulphur in Gasoline, Kerosene, Aviation Turbine, 
and Distillate F uels (Potentiometric Method)  
ASTM D3237, Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy  
ASTM D4052, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital 
Density Meter  
 DEAS 158 : 2018  
2 © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 ASTM D4952, Standard T est Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulphur Species in Fuels and Solvents 
(Doctor Test)  
ASTM D5191, Standard Test Method for vapour pressure of petroleum products (Mini method)  
ASTM D5443, Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromat ic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in 
Petroleum Distillates Through 200°C by Multi -Dimensional Gas Chromatography  
ASTM D5580, Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m -Xylene, o -
Xylene, C 9 and Heavier Aromatics, and Total Arom atics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography  
ASTM D5599, Standard Test Method for determination of oxygenates in gasoline by gas chromatography and 
oxygen selective flame ionization detection  
EN 237, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination o f low lead concentrations by atomic absorption 
spectrometry  
EN 238, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of the benzene content by infrared 
spectrometry  
EN 1601, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded petrol — Determination of organic oxygenate  compounds 
and total oxygen content by gas chromatography (O -FID) 
EN 12177, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded Petrol — Determination of benzene content by gas 
chromatography  
EN 13016 -1, Liquid petroleum products — Vapour pressure — Part 1: Determination  of air saturated vapour 
pressure (ASVP)  
EN 13132, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded petrol — Determination of organic oxygenate compounds 
and total organically bound oxygen content by gas chromatography using column switching  
EN 24260, Petroleum produc ts and hydrocarbons — Determination of Sulphur content — Wickbold 
combustion method  
IP 30, Detection of mercaptans, hydrogen sulphide, elemental sulphur and peroxides — Doctor test method  
IP 40, Petroleum products — Determination of oxidation stability of gasoline — Induction period method  
IP 123, Petroleum products — Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure  
IP 154, Petroleum products — Corrosiveness to copper — Copper strip test  
IP 336, Petroleum products — Determination of sul phur content — Energy -dispersive -X-ray fluorescence 
method  
IP 428, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of low lead concentrations by atomic absorption 
spectrometry  
IP 429, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of the benzene con tent by infrared spectrometry  
ISO 1998, Petroleum industry — Terminology (all parts)  
ISO 2160, Petroleum products — Corrosiveness to copper — Copper strip test  
ISO 3405, Petroleum products — Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pres sure 
 DEAS 158 : 2018  
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  3 
 ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products — Laboratory determination of density — 
Hydrometer method  
ISO 4259, Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test  
ISO 5163, Petroleum produc ts — Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels — Motor 
method  
ISO 5164, Petroleum products — Determination of knock characteristics of motor fuels — Research method  
ISO 6246, Petroleum products — Gum content of light and middle dis tillate fuels — Jet evaporation method  
ISO 7536, Gasoline — Determination of oxidation stability of gasoline — Induction period method  
ISO 8754, Petroleum products — Determination of sulphur content — Energy -dispersive X -ray fluorescence 
spectrometry  
ISO 2 0847, Petroleum products — Determination of sulphur content of automotive fuels — Energy -dispersive 
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998 and the following app ly. 
3.1 
additive  
material added to PMS, usually in small amounts, to impart or enhance desirable properties or to suppress 
undesirable properties  
3.2 
marketable  
distinct, acceptable smell for safe handling  
3.3 
marker  
substances added to petroleum based pro ducts for traceability to protect them against theft or adulteration 
and also to distinguish between different fuels  
3.4 
dye 
chemical added to fuel for visual identification  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
Automotive gasoline shall have  
a) a marketabl e odour, and  
 
b) an appearance that is clear, bright and free from suspended particles on visual inspection.  
 
4.2 Specific quality requirements  
 DEAS 158 : 2018  
4 © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 Automotive gasoline shall comply with the limits specified in Table 1, when tested in accordance with the test 
methods listed therein.  
Table 1 — Specific quality requirements for automotive gasoline  
Property  Requirement  Test method  
Min. Max.  
Research octane 
number, RON  93 – ISO 5164  
ASTM D2699  
Motor octane number, 
MON  83 – ISO 5163  
ASTM D2700  
Lead content, ppm  – 5 EN 237  
ASTM D3237/IP 428  
Benzene content, % v/v  – 1.0 EN 238/IP 429  
EN 12177  
ASTM D4420  
 
Total aromatics, % v/v   
42 ASTM D1319,  
ASTM D5580  
ASTM D5443  
Density (at 20 ºC), kg/m3 716 771 ISO 3675  
ASTM D4052  
ASTM D1298  Density (at 15 ºC), kg/m3 720 775 
Sulphur content, ppm  – 50 EN 24260  
ISO 8754  
Manganese, ppm  – 2.0 ASTM D2622/IP 336  
ISO 20847  
ASTM D3831  
Oxidation stability, min  360 – ISO 7536/IP 40  
ASTM D525  
Existent  gum  content  
(solvent  washed), 
mg/100 ml  – 5 ISO 6246  
ASTM D381  DEAS 158 : 2018  
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  5 
 Property  Requirement  Test method  
Min. Max.  
 
Copper strip corrosion (3 
h at 50 °C), rating  – No.1 strip  ISO 2160/IP 154  
ASTM D130  
Mercaptan sulphur, % 
m/m – 0.01 ASTM D3227  
Oxygenates  Nil Nil EN 1601  
EN 13132  
ASTM D5599  
RVP at 37.8 ºC, kPa  – 65 ASTM D323  
ASTM D5191  
EN 13016 -1 
FVI b – 93 ASTM  D323  
Distillation  
a) Temperature, °C for:  
 Initial boiling 
point  To be reported   
 
 
 
 
ASTM D86  
IP 123   10 % volume 
fraction 
evaporated  – 71 
 50 % volume 
fraction 
evaporated  77 115 
 90 % volume 
fraction 
evaporated  – 180 
 Final boiling 
point, °C  – 210 
b) Residue, % volume 
fraction  – 2.0 
c) Evaporated to 70 °C 
(E70), % volume fraction  To be reported  
Doctor test a To be reported  ASTM D4952/IP 30  DEAS 158 : 2018  
6 © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 Property  Requirement  Test method  
Min. Max.  
Colour  Red Visual inspection  
a If negative, no need to carry out Mercaptan sulphur test.  
b The flexible volatility index (FVI) is an additional parameter which characterizes the volatility properties of 
petrol, and is calculated using the formula  
FVI = RVP + 0.7 E70  
where 
RVP  is the Reid vapour pressure, in kilopascals; and  
E70   is the percentage volume fr action of petrol, evaporated to 70 °C.  
5 Dyes and markers  
The use of dyes and markers is allowed.  
The dye content shall be reported and shall not alter any parameters of PMS out of the specified range as 
indicated under Table 1.  
6 Additives  
In order to im prove the fuel performance, the use of additives is allowed. Fuel additives without known harmful 
side effects are recommended in the appropriate amount to avoid deterioration of driveability and emissions 
control durability.  
7 Precision and dispute  
7.1 All test methods referred to in this East African Standard include a precision statement. In cases of  
dispute, the procedures for resolving the dispute and interpretation of the results based on test method 
precision, described in ISO 4259, ASTM D 3244 and I P 377 shall be used.  
7.2 In cases of dispute:  
 concerning sulphur, ISO 20847 is unsuitable as an arbitration method; 

 concerning benzene content, EN 12177 shall be used; 

 concerning oxygen and oxygenates content, EN 1601 shall be used; and 

 concerning densi ty, ISO 3675 shall be used. 
8 Packing and marking  
8.1 Packing  
The condition of the containers, rail tankers and road tank vehicles shall be such as not to be detrimental to 
the quality of the fuel during normal transportation and storage. The containers sh all be acceptably sealed or 
leak proof, clean, and free from materials soluble in diesel.  DEAS 158 : 2018  
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  7 
 8.2 Marking  
8.2.1 The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each drum or in the case of  
petrol filled into bulk storage tanks, in the  storage and consignment documents of each road tanker or rail tank 
wagon:  
a) the supplier’s name or brand name or trade mark; and receiver’s name;  
 
b) the words ―  UNLEADED PETROL/UNLEADED GASOLINE‖, or ―UNLEADED MOGAS‖ ;  
 
c) the batch/lot number;  
 
d) .the quantity in  litres or metric tonnes;  
 
e) the warning ―FLAMMABLE MATERIALS‖; and  
 
f) the warning ―DANGER PETROL‖;  
 
8.2.2 Stickers shall be used in labelling in case of vehicles, which have compartments and transport more  
than one type of fuel.  
8.2.3 Information to be marked  on dispensing pumps used for delivering PMS, and the dimensions of the  mark 
shall be in accordance with the requirements of the relevant weights and measures regulations for each 
member state for the marking of pumps for unleaded petrol.  
9 Sampling  
9.1 Sampling from storage tanks  
Sampling from storage tanks for the purposes of this East African Standard shall be carried out in accordance 
with relevant procedures of ISO 3170 and ISO 3171 and, additionally, as detailed in 9.2.  
9.2 Sampling from petrol pumps  
The construction of the cans shall comply with the appropriate safety requirements for cans that are to hold 
highly flammable materials. They shall be provided with screw caps incorporating a petroleum resistant 
washer in good condition. A stock of cans sh all be kept solely for the purpose of taking gasoline samples.  
9.2.1  Sampling cans  
Sampling cans shall be of 1 -L capacity.  
9.2.2  Preparation of cans  
New cans shall be rinsed with gasoline before being used, to remove any residual traces of oil left during 
manufacturing operations or previous sampling, and then allowed to dry. Before use, all cans shall be 
checked to ensure that they are sound and free from leaks.  
9.2.3  Sampling procedure  
From the pump nozzle, 1 L gasoline shall be drawn carefully into a coo l 1 L can using a clean dry funnel. 
Immediately afterwards, this sample shall be decanted carefully into the requisite number of 5 -L can, using a 
funnel, filling the cans within 5 mm of the brim.  DEAS 158 : 2018  
8 © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 If more than 1 L is needed, the operation shall be repeated immediately and before the pump has been used 
for any other purpose. The screw caps shall be tightened fully and the cans checked to ensure that there are 
no leaks. The sampling procedure shall not be carried out in direct sunlight.  
NOTE 1  If carried out i n direct sunlight, changes in fuel quality, esp ecially octane level, may occur  
NOTE 2  A quantity of 1 L is sufficient for the determination of octane number and certain other tests, but it is advisable 
to provide each laboratory with 2 L of sample in case  further work is needed; it is essential that these 2 L be of identical 
material.  
9.2.5  Storage, labelling and transport  
Samples shall be kept in a cool place although it is not necessary to keep them refrigerated. If left in direct 
sunlight there is a dan ger that the cans will balloon. Full and legible information relating to the source of the 
sample shall be attached to the can in such a manner that it will not easily become detached subsequently.  
NOTE 1  If required, the sample may be sealed and labelled to maintain its legal integrity.  
NOTE 2  If the sample has to be sent to a laboratory by public transport, it will be necessary to comply with the general 
regulations covering transportation of flammable materials and with the requirements of the transport  regulations of 
petroleum products.  DEAS 158 : 2018  
© EAC 2018 – All rights reserved  9 
 DEAS 158 : 2018  
10 © EAC  2018  – All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
[1] ASTM D 1613, Standard test method for acidity in volatile solvents and chemical intermediates used in  
paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products  
 
[2] ASTM D4953, Standard test method for vapour pressure of g asoline and gasoline -oxygenate blends  
(dry method)  
 
[3] BS EN 228:2017 Automotive fuels  — Unleaded petrol  — Requirements and test methods  
 
[4] EN 14517, Liquid petroleum products  — Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in petrol   
— Multidimensional gas  chromatography method  
[5] ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products  — Determination of density  — Oscillating U -tube 
method  
 
[6] ISO 20884, Petroleum products  — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels  — Wavelength -
dispersive X -ray fluorescence spectrometry  
 
[7] ISO 20846, Petroleum products  — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels  — Ultraviolet  
fluorescence method  
 
[8] SANS 1598:2006, Unleaded petrol  
 DEAS 158: 2018    
 
© EAC 2018  – All rights  reserved