KENYA STANDARD   KS 2790: 2018 
ICS  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper used for map s and architectural 
drawings  — Specification  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
©KEBS 201 8 First Edition 201 8 
 
 KS 2790:2018  
 
ii   KEBS 201 8 — All rights reserved   
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION  
 
The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee.  
 
Ministry of Roa ds — Materials Branch  
Ministry of Trade — Weights and Measures Department  
Ministry of Education  
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI)  
Government Press  
Nairobi Paper Mills  
Consumer Information Network  
University of Nairobi  
Government C hemist  
Standard G roup ltd  
Nation Media Group  
East Africa Packaging Industries  
Kenafric Industries  
Allpack Industries  
Kenya Bureau of Standards — Secretariat  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
REVISION OF KENYA STANDARDS  
 
In order to keep abreast of progress in industry, Kenya standa rds shall be regularly reviewed. Suggestions 
for improvement to published standards, addressed to the Managing Director, Kenya Bureau of Standards, 
are welcome.  
 
 
 
 
 
© Kenya Bureau of Standards, 201 8 
 
Copyright. Users are reminded that by virtue of Section  25 of the Copyright Act, Cap. 12 of 2001  of the Laws of Kenya, copyright 
subsists in all Kenya Standards and except as provided under Section 26 of this Act, no Kenya Standard produced by Kenya Bure au of 
Standards may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval  system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing 
from the Managing Director . 
 
 KENYA STANDARD   KS 2790:2018  
 
 
 
ICS  
KEBS 2017 — All rights reserved    iii  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper used for map s and architectural 
drawings  — Specification  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)  
 
Head Offic e:  P.O. Box 54974, Nairobi -00200, Tel.: (+254 020) 605490, 602350, Fax: (+254 020)  604031  
E-Mail: info@kebs.org,  Web:http://www.kebs.org   
 
 
Coast Region     Lake Region          Rift Valley Region  
P.O. Box 99376, Mombasa -80100   P.O. Box 2949, Kisumu -40100        P.O. Box 2138, Nakuru -20100  
Tel.: (+254 041) 229563, 230939/40   Tel.: (+254 057) 23549, 22396        Tel.: (+254 051) 210553, 210555  
Fax: (+254 041) 229448    Fax: (+254 057) 21814  
 KS 2790:2018  
 
iv   KEBS 201 8 — All rights reserved   
Foreword  
 
This Kenya Standard was prepared by the Paper and Paper Products Technical 
Committee under the guidance of the Standards Projects Committee, and it is in 
accordance with the procedures of the Kenya Bureau of Standards.  
 
Land surveying  maps and architectural plans are kept as reference documents for many 
years.  .This information should be printed on the paper that can withstand the test of time 
in terms of ageing. Permanence or ability  of  the paper to  retain its physical  or chemical  
properties for a  long period  of time . Is important.  
This standard shall be use ful to manufacturers of Paper, Ministry in charge of land,  survey 
of Kenya, owners of land,  Importers, Exporters and other relevant  stakeholders.  
 
The parameters covered in the Standard, include, the permanence of the paper, the 
grammage, dimension etc.  
 
In the preparation of this Kenya standard, reference was made to the following document:  
 
IS 127 65 Printing Paper, Map —Specification . 
 
ISO 9706  Information and documentation — Paper  for documents — Requirements for  
permanence  
 
Assistance derived from th is source  is hereby acknowledged.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
KENYA STANDARD   KS 2790:2018  
 
 
 
 
KEBS 2018 — All rights reserved    1  
 
Paper used for map s and architectural 
drawings  — Specification  
 
 
 
 
1 Scope  
 
This Kenya Standard prescribes requirements and test methods of Paper  used for printing  maps and 
architectural drawings  and kept as permane nt records for a minimum of  99 years . 
 
2 Normative references  
 
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of th e referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies.  Information on currently v alid national and international 
standards can be obtained from the KEBS  Standards Division.  
 
ISO 216  Writing paper and certain classes of printed matter -- Trimmed sizes -- A and B   
  series, and indication of machine direction  
IS0 302:1981  Pulps - Determination of Kappa  number.  
ISO 536  Paper and board -- Determination of grammage  
ISO 2758  Paper -- Determination of bursting strength  
ISO 1974  Paper -- Determination of tearin g resistance -- Elmendorf method  
ISO 187  Paper and board -- Conditioning of samples  
ISO 9184 -1 Paper, board and pulps -- Fibre furnish analysis -- Part 1: General method  
ISO 4046 -1 Paper, board, pulps and related terms -- Vocabulary -- Part 1: Alphabetical   
  index  
ISO 6588 -1  Paper, board and pulps — Determination of pH of aqueous extracts — Part 1: Cold 
extraction  
ISO 10716  Paper and board - Determination o f alkali reserve . 
 
ISO 2470 -2  Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse reflectance factor — Part 2: Outdoor 
daylight conditions (D65 brightness)  
 
 
 
  
2   KEBS 201 8 — All rights reserved  3 Definitions  
 
For the purposes of this standard the terminologies given  in KS ISO 4046 part 1 to 5 and others  below shall 
apply.  
 
3.1 
permanence  
 
the ability to remain chemically and physically stable over long periods of time.  
 
3.2 
Permanent paper  
 
Paper which during long term storage in libraries, archives and other protected environments will under go 
little or no change in properties that affect its use. 
 
3.2 
Alkali reserve of paper  
 
a compound (such as calcium carbonate) that neutralizes acid that might be generated as a result of natural 
ageing or from atmospheric pollution  
 
4 Requirements  
 
4.1  General   
 
4.1.1  The paper shall be of uniform formation evenly finished and generally free from specks, holes ,other 
paper defects . 
4.1.2 The paper shall be sized and calendere d. 
4.1.3 There shall be no curling defects during storage and printing.  
4.1.4 There shall be absolutely no creasing defects  during printing.  
4.1.5 The paper shall be free from fluff  
 
4.2  Specific requirements  
 
 
 
The  Chemical and physical  properties of the paper shall comply with the requirements listed in Table 1.  
 
Table 1 — Chemica l and physical requirements of the paper  
 
 
Item No.  Characteristic  Requirement  Test method  
 
i.  Substance, gsm, min, ± 
5 % 80 KS ISO 536 
ii.  Moisture content, %, 
range  4 — 8 KS ISO 287 
iii.  Breaking  
 length, 
min.meters  
 
  
MD 
 3000 KS ISO 1924 -2 
CD 5500   CD/CHEM/101/2015  
KEBS 201 7 — All rights reserved    3 iv.  Tear factor, min.  50 KS ISO 1924 -2 
v.  pH 7.5  —10 KS ISO 6588 - 
vi.  Brightnes (White paper 
only),min,%  75 KS ISO 2470 -2 
 
 
 
 
4.2.1 Alkali reserve  
 
The paper shall have an amount of alkali reserve corresponding  to at least 0.4 mol of acid per kilogram   
when tested i n accordance to KS ISO  10716.  
 
Note 1: When calcium carbonate is used to create the  alkali reserve, the requirement is met if the paper 
contains  about 20 g of CaCO 3, per kg of paper.  
 
4.2.2 Resistance to oxidation   
 
The paper shall have a Kappa number of l ess than 5 when tested in accordance with KS ISO 302.  
 
4.2.2   Dimensions  
 
When tested in accordance with ISO 216 the size of the paper shall be of A series . 
 
5 Marking  and Packaging  
 
 
5.1 Packaging  
 
5.1.1 The paper  shall be packaged in suitable material t hat protects it from dust, moisture and dirt during 
transportation, storage .  
5.1.2 The sheets of paper shall not adhere to one another. The package shall contain sheets of the same 
size, grammage and colour.  
6.1.3 The number of sheets a ream shall be 50 0 ,with a tolerance of ± 1 %.  
 
5.2 Marking  
 
5.2.1 The following information shall be legibly  and indelibl y marked on  the ream   
 
a)  the name or trade name or trademark of the manufacturer;  
 
b)  a description of the product (  paper for  maps and architectur al drawings ); 
 
d)  size in mm; 
 
e)  grammage of the paper  
 
g) country of origin and  or manufacture . 
 
5.2.2 Marking on the bulk package  
 
a) Number of  reams  
b) Batch number  
  
4   KEBS 201 8 — All rights reserved  All information contained in cl ause 5.2.1