G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
14 July 2021  
(21-5587) Page: 1/29 
Committee on Agriculture    
 
 
EXPORT SUBSIDIES, EXPORT CREDITS, EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEES  
OR INSURANCE PROGRAMMES, INTERNATIONAL FOOD AID  AND 
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES  
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT BY THE SECRETARIAT1 
State Trading Enterprises  
Addendum  
This addendum refers to and must be read in conjunction with document G/AG/W/125 /Rev. 14. 
It provides information on Members' agricultural exporting State Trading Enterprises (STEs) , as 
described in P art D of document G/AG/W/125 /Rev. 14. 
 
_______________  
 
 
1 This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice 
to the positions of Members or to their rights and obligations under the WTO. It has been prepared for 
information only and is not intended to provide any authoritative or official legal interpretation of the provisions 
of the WTO Agreements in general or in rela tion to any specific entity or measure listed in this document.  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  TABLE OF CONTENT S 
Australia  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  4 
China  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  6 
Colombia  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  8 
Costa Rica  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 12 
Dominica  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 15 
Ecuador  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 16 
Fiji ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...18 
Grenada  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 19 
Indonesia  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 20 
Israel  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 21 
New Zealand  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 22 
Thailand  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 24 
Tunisia  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 26 
Ukraine  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 28 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  TABLE ON SOURCE OF DATA  
Member  Source of data  
Australia  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 14 January  2021  
• Notification G/STR/N/17/AUS circulated on 1 August 2019  
China  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 14 January 2021  
• Notification G/STR/N/16/C HN and G/STR/N/17/CHN  circulated on 24 July 2018 
Colombia  • Notification G/STR/N/16/COL circulated on 1 June 2017  
Costa Rica  • Reply to questionnaire circulated on 14 January 2021  
• Notification G/STR/N/17/CRI circulated on 23 November 2018  
Dominica  • Notification G/STR/N/4/DMA, G/STR/N/5/DMA and G/STR/N/6/DMA circulated on 
15 February 2001  
Ecuador  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 25  October  2018  
• Notification  G/STR/N/16/ECU circulated on 6 July 2018  
Fiji • Notification G/STR/N/4/FJI circulated on 19 February 1999  
Grenada  • Notification G/STR/N/13/GRD circulated on 24 August 2010  
Indonesia  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 25  October  2018  
• Notification G/STR/N/1 8/IDN circulated on 6 October 2020  
Israel  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 14  January  2021  
New Zealand  • Reply to Questionnai re circulated on 14 January 2021   
• Notification G/STR/N/18/NZL circulated on 06 July 2020  
Thailand  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on 14 January 2021   
• Notification G/STR/N/1 6/THA circulated on 17 April 2020 
Tunisia  • Notifications G/STR/N/15/TUN and G/STR/N/16/TUN circulated on 8  June 2016 
and G/STR/N/15/TUN/Suppl.1 and G/STR/N/ 16/TUN/Suppl.1 circulated 
on 14 March  2017 
Ukraine  • Reply to Questionnaire circulated on on 14 January 2021   
• Notification G/STR/N/1 8/UKR circulated on 1 July 2020 
 
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  Australia  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
The Rice Marketing Board for 
the State of New South Wales 
(NSW).  Rice grown in NSW [HS 1006]. Rice 
grown in other Australian States or 
Territories is not affected.  [HS 1006]  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
The objectives of the Rice Marketing Board for NSW include:  
 
(1) to encourage the development of a competitive domestic market for rice;  
(2) to ensure the best possible returns from NSW grown rice sold outside Australia based on the quality 
differentials or attributes of Australian grown rice;  
(3) to liaise with and represent the interests of all NSW rice growers in relation to the Board's functio ns and 
objects.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
The legal basis for the Rice Marketing Board (the Board) for the State of New South Wales is provided by the 
State of New South Wales Rice Marketing Act 1983. Rice produced in NSW is vested in the Board, however 
rice can be traded on the domestic market pursuant to the issuance of an Authorised  Buyer's license by th e 
Rice Marketing Board. A single export license has been issued by the Board to Ricegrowers Limited (trading 
as SunRice)  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
All rice grown in the State of New South Wales is divested from producers and becomes the property of the 
Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales under a vesting proclamation. The Board exercises 
its rights as the legal owner of all rice prod uced in NSW to determine who is allowed to trade NSW rice on the 
domestic and export markets, pursuant to the issuance of an Authorised Buyer's license. Authorised Buyers 
are appointed by the Board and all applicants are eligible to become Authorised Buyers, subject to the Board's 
discretion to refuse an application where it has reason to believe that the applicant will breach the conditions 
of appointment. Authorised Buyers have a condition of appointment prohibiting the exporting of rice w here 
another Authorised Buyer has already been granted permission to export. The Board is therefore restricted 
to issuing a single export licence, which is currently issued to Ricegrowers Limited, trading as SunRice 
Australia. The Board has also entered in to a related but separate Sole and Exclusive Export Licence (SEEL) 
Agreement with SunRice that it will not issue any other export licences.  
The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales does not negotiate contracts for the sale of rice. 
All ric e trading is conducted on behalf of the Rice Marketing Board for the State of New  South  Wales by 
Authorised Buyers. Authorised Buyers are able to freely buy and sell rice grown in New South Wales on the 
domestic market in Australia. All sales contracts are  entered into on a commercial basis.  
The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales has appointed Ricegrowers Limited (trading as 
SunRice) as its sole exporter. SunRice has no obligation to set a benchmark price and has not done so.  
It is the Bo ard's responsibility to ensure that these export arrangements generate the best possible returns 
based on quality differentials or attributes on behalf of all New South Wales rice growers.  
In March 2021, the NSW Government commenced a review and consultati on into rice vesting in NSW to 
determine whether vesting should continue beyond the current rice vesting proclamation expiry of the 
30 June 2022.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
The State of New South Wales Rice Marketing Act 1983  entitles the Rice Marketing Board for the State of New 
South Wales to award an Authorised Buyer with the exclusive right to export rice grown in New South Wales  
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  Additional information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
Description of 
product(s)  Year 
(financial  year 1 July – 30 June)  Total  quantity  exported  
(‘000 tonnes)  Value  exported*  
(in million AUD)  
Rice (HS 1006)  2015/16  316 397 
Rice (HS 1006)  2016/17  218 171 
Rice (HS 1006)  2017/18  353 368 
Rice (HS 1006)  2018/19  244 299 
Rice (HS 1006)  2019/20  96 120 
Source:  ABARES, Agricultural commodities: March quarter 2021, https://doi.org/10.25814/r3te -d792. 
* Includes the milled equivalent of rice flour; major export destinations for Australian rice include 
Papua  New Guinea; Solomon Islands; Israel; Korea, Republic of; Japan; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; 
Samoa; Jordan; New Zealand; Chinese Taipei; United States of America and Kiribati.  
 
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  China  
Consistent with the Bali Ministerial Declaration on Export Competition, Members shall continue to 
provide information on Agricultural Exporting State Trading Enterprises within the co ntext of an 
annual examination process, based on the following structure:  
 
1. Enumeration of State Trading Enterprises  
• Identification  of state trading enterprises  
• Description  of products affected ( including tariff item number(s) encompassed in  
product description)  
According to China's accession protocol, the companies and products are listed below.  
Products  Tariff lines （HS2007)  State trading enterprises  
Rice 10061011,10061019,10061091,  
10061099,10062010,10062090,  
10063010,10063090,10064010,  
10064090  1. COFCO Group Co., Ltd.  
2. Jilin Food Group Import and Export Co., Ltd.  
3. Heilongjiang Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation 
Group Corporation.  
4. Dongfang Desheng Grain Import and Export  Co., Ltd. 
(corn  only). Corn 10051000,10059000,11042300  
Tobacc o 24011010,24011090,24012010,  
24012090,24013000,24021000,  
24022000,24029000,24031100 ， 
24031900,24039100,24039900  Please refer to the Announcement No. 44 of 2001 of the 
Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation.  
Cotton  52010000,52030000  1. China National Textile and Apparel Group Co., Ltd.  
2. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Cotton and Linen 
Company.  
3. Xinjiang Yinlong Agricultural International Cooperation 
Co., Ltd.  
4. China Reserve Cotton Management Corporation.  
 
2. Reason and purpose  
 
• Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
• Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or 
privileges, including legal provisions and summa ry of statutory or constitutional 
powers  
To seek a stable supply of state -owned trade products, protect the interests of consumers from the 
impact of large price fluctuations, and maintain national food security.  
 
Legal basis: "Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China", "Regulations of the People's 
Republic of China on Administration of Import and Export of Goods", "Export State Trade 
Management Goods Catalogue" (Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Announcement 
No. 28, 2001), "E xport State Trade Enterprises Catalogue" (Foreign Economic and Trade Ministry 
Announcement No. 28 of 2001), "Tobacco Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China".  
3. Description of the functioning of the State Trading Enterprise  
 
• Summary statement provi ding overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
• Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading 
enterprise  
State -owned trading enterprises carry out business activities independently based on commercial 
considerations under market -oriented conditions.  
 
State trading enterprises enjoy exclusive rights in the general export of rice, corn, tobacco and 
cotton.  
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  Additional information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
 
1. Exports (value/volume)  
2. Export prices  
3. Export destination  
 
PRODUCTS  YEAR  EXPORT DESTINATIONS  VOLUME 
(Ton ne) 
Rice 2019 Japan; Korea, Republic of; Egypt; Cameroon; Sierra Leone; 
Papua  New Guinea  2,750,000  
2020 Japan; Korea, Republic of; Egypt; Cameroon; Sierra Leone; 
Papua  New Guinea  2,300,000  
Corn  2019 Korea, Republic of  25,000 
2020 Korea, Republic of  2500 
Tobacco  2019 Indonesia; Belgium; Hong Kong  China ; Egypt; U nited Arab Emirates  258,000 
2020 Indonesia; Belgium; Hong Kong  China ; Egypt; United Arab Emirates  217,000 
Cotton  2019  0 
2020  0 
Note:  The export value and prices not available subject to commercial confidentiality.  
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  Colombia  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
FÁBRICA DE LICORES 
Y ALCOHOLES DE 
ANTIOQUIA2 Aguardiente Antioqueño ( aguardiente  or sugar -cane 
liquor)  
Aguardiente Antioqueño sin Azúcar (sugar -free 
aguardiente ) 
Aguardiente Real 1493  
Ron Medellín Añejo (aged rum)  
Vodka Monteskaya  
Licor de Menta (mint liqueur)  
Licor de Café (coffee liqueur)  
Ron Cream Siboney (rum cream liqueur)  
Ron Maestro Botero (rum)  
Ron Maestro Gabo (rum)  
Ginebra Katia (gin)  2208.40.00.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.60.00.00  
2208.70.90.00  
2208.70.90.00  
2208.70.20.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.50.00.00  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
Pursuant to Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, the only legal monopolies are those 
established under the law as a means of revenue generation in the public and social interest. The revenue 
obtained from the exercise of the alcoholic beverages monopoly is thus primari ly earmarked for the health 
and education services. Article 61 of Law No. 14 of 1983 delegates the exercise of the revenue -generating 
alcoholic beverages  monopoly to the departments.  
 
Under this legal framework, production of alcoholic beverages by the State trading enterprises is at 
departmental level.  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
Colombian distilleries provide a significant source of income for the departmental tax authorities which 
ensures the sustainability of public health and education services in many regions of the country. Furthermore, 
the distilleries' profits are transferred in part of in full to the departments, as established by the assembly of 
the department concerned. In short, the r easons for the existence of the distilleries are as follows:  
• The production and subsequent sale of alcoholic beverages generate direct revenue for the departmental 
tax authorities . 
• Profits go to the departments, not to a private entity.  
• The enterprises pro vide the departments with a significant source of income which is invested in deprived 
areas of the country.  
• Job creation . 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
Under Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Article 61 of Law No. 14 of 1983, Decree No. 1222 
of 1986, Decree No. 244 of 1906, Law No. 223 of 1995, Law No. 788 of 2002 and Law No. 1393 of 201 0, the 
departments, i.e. the territorial divisions of the country, are independent administrators of the alcoholic 
beverages monopoly designed to generate revenue  for preferential allocation to education and health services.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTI ONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The departmental distilleries produce alcoholic beverages for consumption in their own department, for 
distribution to other depa rtments, and for export. Distribution to other departments is subject to their 
authorization. The distilleries also import raw materials for production.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON AGUARDIENTE AND RUM EXPORTS  
STATE TRADING: FÁBRICA DE LICORES Y ALCOHOLES DE ANTIOQUIA  
Millions of 750 cc units  
Year Description of 
product (including 
HS number)  Quantity exported 
by State trading 
enterprise  Average 
procurement 
price  
USD Average 
representative 
domestic sales price  
USD Average 
export 
price  
USD 
2014  22.08.40.00.00  3.3 6 10.5 6 
2015  22.08.40.00.00  3.5 4.5 8 4.5 
Source:   Asociación Colombiana de Industrias Licorera , ACIL (Colombian Distillers' Association).  
 
2 Distillery attached to the department.  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
INDUSTRIA 
LICORERA 
DE CALDAS3 Aguardiente Cristal  
Aguardiente Amarillo de Manzanares (yellow aguardiente ) 
Aguardiente Cristal sin Azúcar (sugar -free aguardiente ) 
Aguardiente Cristal XS (low -alcohol aguardiente ) 
Ron Viejo de Caldas (aged rum)  
Ron Extraviejo Juan de la Cruz (extra -aged rum)  
Ron Carta de Oro  (extra -aged rum)  
Ron Reserva Especial (special reserve rum)  
Crema de Ron Cheers (rum cream liqueur)  
Crema de Café Kaldi (coffee liqueur)  2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.70.20.00  
2208.70.20.00  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
Pursuant to Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, the only legal monopolies are those 
established under the law as a means of revenue generation in the public and social interest. The revenue 
obtained from the exercise of the alcoholic beverages monopoly is thus primarily earmarked for the health 
and education services. Article 61 of Law No. 14 of 1983 delegates the exercise of the revenue -generating 
alcoholic bever ages monopoly to the departments.  
 
Under this legal framework, production of alcoholic beverages by the State trading enterprises is at 
departmental level.  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
Colombian distilleries provide a significant source of income for the departmental tax authorities which 
ensures the sustainability of public health and education services in many regions of the country. Furthermore, 
the distilleries' profits are transferr ed in part of in full to the departments, as established by the assembly of 
the department concerned. In short, the reasons for the existence of the distilleries are as follows:  
• The production and subsequent sale of alcoholic beverages generate direct reve nue for the departmental 
tax authorities.  
• Profits go to the departments, not to a private entity . 
• The enterprises provide the departments with a significant source of income  which is invested in deprived 
areas of the country . 
• Job creation . 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
Under Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Article 61 of Law No.  14 of 1983, Decree No.  1222 
of 1986, Decree No. 244 of 1906, Law No. 223 of 1995, Law No. 788 of 2002 and Law No. 1393 of  2010, the 
departments, i.e. the territorial divisions of the country, are independent administrators of the alcoholic 
beverages monop oly designed to generate revenue  for preferential allocation to education and health services.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The departmental distilleries produce alcoholic beverages for consumption in their own department, for 
distribution to other departments, and for export. Distribution to other departments is subject to their 
authorization. The distilleries als o import raw materials for production.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
 
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON AGUARDIENTE AND RUM EXPORTS  
STATE TRADING: INDUSTRIA LICORERA DE CALDAS  
Millions of 750 cc units  
Year Description of 
product 
(including HS 
number)  Quantity 
exported by 
State  trading 
enterprise  Average 
procurement 
price  
USD Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price  
USD Average 
export 
price  
USD 
2014  2208.40.00.00  0.43 2.1 6.6 2.1 
2015  2208.40.00.00  0.78 2.1 5.5 2.1 
Source:   Asociación Colombiana de Industrias Licoreras , ACIL (Colombian Distillers' Association).  
 
 
 
3 State industrial and trading enterprise.  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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   I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
EMPRESA DE LICORES DE 
CUNDINAMARCA4 Aguardiente Néctar Azul  
Aguardiente Néctar Tradicional  
Licor Anisado Néctar Club sin Azúcar 
(sugar -free anise -flavoured liqueur)  
Aguardiente Néctar Tradicional sin Azúcar 
(sugar -free aguardiente ) 
Aguardiente Néctar Prem ium (premium 
aguardiente ) 
Ron Blanco Sun Dry (white rum)  
Ron Santafé Añejo (aged rum)  
Licor Anisado 180 (anise -flavoured liqueur)  
Ron Santafé Nido de Cóndores (rum)  2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.90.42.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.90.42.00  
2208.40.00.00  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
Pursuant to Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, the only legal monopolies are those 
established under the law as a means of revenue generation in the public and social interest. The revenue 
obtained from the exercise of the alcoholic beverages monopoly is thus primarily earmarked for the health 
and education services. Article 61 of Law No.  14 of 1983 delegates the exercise of the revenue -generating 
alcoholic beverages  monopoly to the departments.  
 
Under this legal framework, production of alcoholic beverages by the State trading enterprises is at 
departmental level.  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
Colombian distilleries provide a significant source of income for the departmental tax authorities which 
ensures the sustainability of public health and education services in many regions of the country. Furthermore, 
the distilleries' profits are transferred in part of in full to the departments, as established by the assembly of 
the department concerned. In short, the reasons for the existence of the distilleries are as follows:  
• The production and subsequent sale of alcoholic beverages generate direct revenue for the departmental 
tax authorities.  
• Profits go to the departments, not to a private entity.  
• The enterprises provide the departments with a significant source of income which is invested in deprived 
areas of the country.  
• Job creation.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
Under Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Articl e 61 of Law No.  14 of 1983, Decree No.  1222 
of 1986, Decree No.  244 of 1906, Law No.  223 of 1995, Law No.  788 of 2002 and Law No.  1393 of 2010, the 
departments, i.e. the territorial divisions of the country, are independent administrators of the alcoholic 
beverages monopoly designed to generate revenue  for preferential allocation to education and health services.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF  THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The departmental distilleries produce alcoholic beverages for consumption in their own department, for 
distribution to other departments, and for export. Distribution to other departments is subject to their 
authorization. The distilleries also import raw materials for production.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the  state trading enterprise.  
 
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON AGUARDIENTE AND RUM EXPORTS  
STATE TRADING: EMPRESA DE LICORES DE CUNDINAMARCA  
Millions of 750 cc units  
Year Description of 
product  
(including 
HS number)  Quantity 
exported by 
State trading 
enterprise  Average 
procurement 
price  
USD Average 
representative 
domestic sales price  
USD Average 
export 
price  
USD 
2014  2208.40.00.00  0.03 2.3 6.8 2.3 
2015  2208.40.00.00  0.01 2 5.3 2 
Source:   Asociación Colombiana de Industrias Licoreras , ACIL (Colombian Distillers' Association).  
 
  
 
4 State industrial and trading enterprise.  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
INDUSTRIA DE LICORES DEL 
VALLE DEL CAUCA5 Aguardiente Blanco del Valle (white 
aguardiente ) 
Ron Trapiche Premium (premium rum)  
Aguardiente Origen del Valle  
Ron Marqués del Valle (rum)  2208.40.00.00  
 
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
2208.40.00.00  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
Pursuant to Article 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, the only legal monopolies are those 
established under the law as a means of revenue generation in the public and social interest. The revenue 
obtained from the exercise of the alcoholic beverages monopoly is thus primarily earmarked for the health 
and education services.  Article 61 of Law No. 14 of 1983 delegates the exercise of the revenue -generating 
alcoholic beverages  monopoly to the departments.  
Under this legal framework, production of alcoholic beverages by the State trading enterprises is at 
departmental level.  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
Colombian distilleries provide a significant source of income for the departmental tax authorities which 
ensures the sustainability of public health and education services in  many regions of the country. Furthermore, 
the distilleries' profits are transferred in part of in full to the departments, as established by the assembly of 
the department concerned. In short, the reasons for the existence of the distilleries are as follo ws: 
• The production and subsequent sale of alcoholic beverages generate direct revenue for the departmental 
tax authorities . 
• Profits go to the departments, not to a private entity.  
• The enterprises provide the departments with a significant source of income which is invested in deprived 
areas of the country.  
• Job creation . 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
Under Ar ticle 336 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, Article 61 of Law No.  14 of 1983, Decree No.  1222 
of 1986, Decree No.  244 of 1906, Law No.  223 of 1995, Law No.  788 of 2002 and Law No.  1393 of 2010, the 
departments, i.e. the territorial divisions of th e country, are independent administrators of the alcoholic 
beverages monopoly designed to generate revenue  for preferential allocation to education and health services.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The departmental distilleries produce alcoholic beverages for consumption in their own department, for 
distribution to other departments, and for export. Distribution to other departments is subject to their 
authorization. The distilleries also import raw materials for production.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON AGUARDIENTE AND RUM EXPORTS  
STATE TRADING: INDUSTRIA LICORERA DEL VALLE  
Millions of 750 cc units  
Year Description of 
product (including 
HS number)  Quantity 
exported by 
State trading 
enterprise  Average 
procurement 
price  
USD Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price  
USD Average 
export 
price  
USD 
2014  2208.4 0.00.00  0.28 3.6 8.1 3.6 
2015  2208.4 0.00.00  0.20 2.6 6 2.6 
Source:  Asociación Colombiana de Industrias Licoreras , ACIL (Colombian Distillers' Association).  
 
 
5 State industrial and trading enterprise.  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
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  Costa Rica  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
The Agro -Industrial Sugar Cane League (LAICA) is a non -state public entity, with its own legal personality, 
and subject to public law in the exercise of its legal powers and duties and to private law in the conduct of its 
marketing and other corporate activities.  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
LAICA was created under Law No.  3579 of 4  November  1965. This law was amended by the Organic Law on 
Sugar Cane Agriculture and the Sugar Industry (Law No.  7818 of 2 September  1998) and amendments 
thereto with a view to improving LAICA's operational effectiveness and efficiency.  
 
The provisions of Law No.  7818 seek to maintain equitable relations between cane producers and sugar mills 
in order to guarantee each secto r a reasonable and fair share, and to organize, in the interests of the industry's 
development and stability, the various factors involved in the production of sugar cane and the manufacturing 
and sale of sugar cane products.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCT IONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
LAICA has two divisions: The Corporate Division, governed by public law, and the Marketing Division, 
governed by private law.  
The Corporate Division is managed by a Board of Directors made up of eight members, compri sing the Minister 
of Agriculture and Livestock, the Minister of the Economy, Industry and Trade, three  members appointed by 
the sugar industry, and three appointed by the cane sector.  
The Marketing Division is under the responsibility of the Marketing Boar d, which is made up of six  members.  
The activities under LAICA's responsibility include the marketing of sugar and the by -products of sugar cane 
processing.  
Regarding the quality control and marketing of the product, Law No.  7818 of 2 September 1998 and it s 
amendments establish the variables that determine the quality of sugar intended for export, and set out 
LAICA's role in the inspection process, with a view to ensuring the quality of sugar exports (Articles 141 -143).  
Under Article 9(f), LAICA is responsi ble for establishing and allocating the national sugar production quota on 
an annual basis. This quota is equivalent to the domestic sugar consumption recorded in the previous season, 
multiplied by a fixed factor of 1.5. It is allocated among the mills in proportion to the reference quotas. The 
individual production quotas establish  the amount and type of sugar to be produced within the national sugar 
production quota for domestic consumption, export or stockpiling.  
The export quota is divided among the var ious export markets in consultation with the industry. If it benefits 
the industry, and subject to the conditions prevailing on the markets, the Board of Directors may order that 
the sugar included in the quota be replaced by alcohol.  
Written contracts, du ly registered with LAICA, are indispensable for sugar exports. Exports must comply with 
the individual quotas granted for the corresponding sugar crop year.  
The Board of Directors determines the periods during which the sugar included in each mill's export  quota, 
destined  for preferential markets or markets that are covered by international agreements approved by Costa 
Rica, may be exported.  
Before authorizing sugar exports, LAICA must ensure that they are in conformity  with the established quota 
system and that they do not violate any international agreements concluded by Costa Rica or affect or impede 
proper compliance with the quotas granted to Costa Rica in the international sugar markets.  
Exporters are also required  to inform LAICA of the real price of the sugar exported, and LAICA has the 
authority to reject any sugar export transactions that involve a sales price lower than the prevailing 
international market prices.  
In addition to registering their contracts, expo rters must also ensure they are entered in the register kept 
by LAICA for that purpose, and to that end must provide  general data concerning the natural or legal person 
in question.   
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 13 - TABLE  I - STATE TRADING: STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS  
Description of 
product(s)  Year* Total quantity 
exported* 
(50 kg sacks)  Quantity exported by 
state trading 
enterprise  
(in 50 kg sacks)  Average 
procurement price  
(per 50  kg sack 
of sugar)  
(CRC)  Average repre sentative 
domestic sales price  
(per 50  kg sack 
of sugar)  
(CRC)  Average export price 
(per 50  kg sack 
of sugar)  
(USD)  National 
production** 
(in 50 kg 
sacks)  
Sugar  
(17.01)  2001-2002 
2002-2003 
2003-2004 
2004-2005 
2005-2006 
2006-2007 
2007-2008 
2008-2009 
2009-2010 
2010-2011 
2011-2012 
2012-2013 
2013-2014 
2014-2015 
2015-2016 
2016-2017 
2017-2018 
2018-2019 2,700,525  
2,553,594  
3,751,155  
3,441,656  
2,897,015  
2,691,318  
2,158,957  
1,993,269  
3,077,583  
2,150,471  
2,434,153  
3,658,551  
4,220,794  
4,311,804  
4,301,260  
5,237,059 
4,167,165  
4,047,300  2,700,525  
2,553,594  
3,751,155  
3,441,656  
2,897,015  
2,691,318  
2,158,957  
1,993,269  
3,077,583  
2,150,471  
2,434,153  
3,658,551  
4,220,794  
4,311,804  
4,301,260  
5,237,059 
4,167,165  
4,047,300  6,835.00  
7,300.00  
7,885.00  
8,750.00  
10,291.46  
11,239.84  
10,945.97  
12,008.39  
13,438.17  
13,751.63  
15,092.61  
15,325.97  
15,609.96  
15,136.61  
14,646,99  
14,940, 97 
15,201.38  
14,935.22  10,125  
10,207  
11,387  
12,519  
13,992  
14,362  
14,831  
16,819  
17,589  
17,989  
19,392  
20,073  
21,460  
22,000  
21,709  
21,553 
22,305  
22,487  9.92 
9.68 
8.76 
11.89  
14.33  
17.06  
16.81  
18.24  
24.68  
31.15  
28.27  
23.44  
22.32  
20.16  
15.87 
23.91 
22.75  
18.73  7,072,126  
7,065,211  
8,009,080  
7,822,749  
7,398,712  
8,060,882  
7,203,408  
6,992,552  
7,549,197  
6,860,515  
8,018,300  
8,867,900  
9,319,689  
9,001,398  
8,607,369 
8,734,800 
8,335,359  
8,344,073  
Source:  LAICA.  
*  The sugar cane crop year runs from 1 October to 30  September . 
**  Does not include the production/exports of sugar companies with a low level of production in relation to the national total (LAICA represents over 95%).   
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 14 - TABLE II - Destination of sugar exports  
  PERCENTAGE SHARE IN EXPORTS*  
2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  2018  2019  2020  
Republic of Korea  0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 64,0 
United States of America  86,3 56,5 66,8 14,7 31,5 57,5 29,2 39,9 30,8 47,8 17,1 
European Union  1,2 2,2 2,6 40,0 30,7 16,0 26,0 3,2 11,5 19,4 12,9 
Caribbean  3,8 5,4 30,1 2,3 2,8 2,1 2,8 2,1 2,1 2,2 2,5 
Canada  0,2 27,2 0,1 12,1 0,1 24,3 11,7 7,2 14,1 30,5 1,8 
Mexico  2,3 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 1,2 
China  0,0 0,0 0,0 9,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 24,1 41,5 0,0 0,0 
Other  6,2 8,6 0,4 21,8 34,9 0,0 30,3 23,4 0,0 0,1 0,5 
Source:  Ministry of Foreign Trade using PROCOMER data . 
* In terms of volume (tonnes).  
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 15 - 
 
  Dominica  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
Dominica Banana a nd 
Marketing Corporation 
(DBMC)  The DBMC is the sole purchaser of 
bananas for export to countries outside of 
the Caribbean area.   
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
The Dominica Banana Marketing Corporation was established under the DBMC Act 1984 which defines 
objectives of the corporation as to promote the well -being of the banana grower and to ensure the financial 
viability of the banana industry . 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
The Corporation is the sole purchaser of bananas for export to countries outside of the Caribbean area and it 
shall be the duty of the corporation to:  
• Carry on its business operation in a cost effecti ve and commercial manner for the benefit of the banana 
industry, while bearin g in mind the national interest;  
• Take all necessary or desirable measures for the dev elopment of the banana industry;  
• Encourage and facilitate the participation of private enterpr ises in all  sectors of the banana industry;  
• Purchase or arrange to have purchased all bananas of non -regional exportab le quality produced in 
Dominica;  
• Ensure the most favourable arrangements for the benefit of the industry in connection with the purchase, 
sale, handling, storing, exporting packing, processing and marketing of bananas.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
 
 
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14 /Add.4  
 
- 16 - 
 
  Ecuador  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  
National Warehousing Unit  (UNA EP). The National Warehousing Unit mainly handles yellow flint 
maize, rice and cereals.  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
The National Warehousing Unit  is chiefly responsible for the temporary warehousing and domestic marketing 
of agricultural products, in particular yellow flint maize, rice and cereals, the management of strategic food 
reserves, and support for the marketing and distribution of inputs. Its activities are geared towards 
implementing the food sovereignty mandate enshrined in the Constitution. In practice, this enterprise 
participates , as a priority, in low and high volume domestic marketing.   
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
• Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, Articles  281 and 315 (Food Sovereignty Re gime and 
Establishment of State -Owned Enterprises);  
• Organic Law on the Food Sovereignty Regime (LORSA);  
• Organic Law on State -Owned Enterprises;  
• Executive Decree No.  12 of 30  May 2013; and  
• Executive Decree No.  821 of 17 November 2015.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The National Warehousing Unit is an enterprise which focuses – exclusively – on support for the dom estic 
marketing of agricultural staples for food sovereignty purposes, the management of temporary warehousing, 
and transport and marketing of the harvest. The agricultural commodities in question are purchased from 
small producers at domestic market price s. 
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
Not applicable.  
 
 
Additional information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE TABLE ATTACHED)  
 
The National Warehousing Unit has not participated in the export or import of these commodities. 
However, other operators have been recorded as engaging in foreign trade operations involving the 
products handled by the UNA EP.    
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 17 - TABLE - STATE TRADING: NATIONAL WAREHOUSING UNIT  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Description of 
product(s) (including 
HS number(s))  Crop year  Total quantity 
exported  
(tonnes)  Quantity 
exported by 
state trading 
enterprise  
(1) Average 
procurement price  
(USD/tonne)  
(1) Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price  
(USD/tonne)  Average 
export price  
(2) National 
production  
(tonnes)  
Yellow flint maize  2015 106 0 n/a 410 n/a 1,734,000  
Yellow flint maize  2016 22 0 n/a 1,146  n/a 1,319,000  
Rice 2015 1,112  0 n/a 909 n/a 1,786,000  
Rice 2016 207 0 n/a 1,095  n/a 1,715,000  
Cereals  2015 1,438  0 n/a 3,850  n/a 11,681  
Cereals  2016 1,771  0 n/a 2,707  n/a 8,517  
(1) Not applicable, the State trading enterprise does not engage in exportation.  
(2) Not applicable, the State trading enterprise does not engage in exportation . G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 18 - 
 
  Fiji 
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC)  Raw Sugar and Molasses   
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
The FSC was established to develop and manage Fiji's sugar industry including all aspects of production and 
marketing.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
FSC was incorporated by an Act of Parliament in 1972 to take over all milling activities in the  industry.  
Under the Sugar Industry Tribunal Master award, the FSC is responsible for the marketing of sugar  and 
molasses.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The FSC is engaged in the export of raw sugar and molasses through its marketing arm, the Fiji Sugar  
Marketing Company Limited (FSM).  
 
• Sugar is exported to the UK under the Sugar Protocol (LOME Convention).Exports to Malaysia are made 
under a bilateral agreement, while exports to Finland and Por tugal are under Special Preferential Sugar 
(SPS) arrangement. Shipments to the US are made under the US global quota arrangement. Quantities 
and prices are either set under these agreement s, or are on world market terms;  
• Sugar is also exported to Japan, Ch ina, Singapore and the Republic of Korea on world market terms.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
Under the Master Award, the FSC has exclusive rights to export raw sugar and molasses.  
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 19 - 
 
  Grenada  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM 
NUMBER(S)  
Grenada Cocoa Association (GCA)  Cocoa Beans   
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
The GCA is a Statutory Organization which was established in 1964 to provide for the future regulation and 
control of the production, processing and marketing of cocoa in Grenada.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
The Grenada Cocoa Association was established by an Act of Parliament by the Government of Grenada which 
is the Grenada Cocoa Industry Ordinance Act 30 0f 1964 which was superseded by the Grenada Cocoa 
Industry Act No.4 of 1989.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
The G CA is responsible for marketing, plant protection, and post -harvest handling including fermenting, 
drying and quality control, plant propagation, cocoa extension services and over site of cocoa husbandry on 
farmers ' fields; also the GCA guarantees the purchase of all cocoa produced by farmers in Grenada.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
GCA is the sole exporter of cocoa and determines prices paid to farmers.  
GCA has exclusive rights to grant licences to local Agents to purchase cocoa beans from farmers.  
 
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 20 - 
 
  Indonesia  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTREPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
Perum BULOG, as State Trading 
Enterprise  Rice 10 06  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
• The purpose of establishing Perum BULOG as a State Trading Enterprise (STE), is to conduct good quality 
and sufficient staple food logistics businesses for all society's needs; and in some cases, to conduct 
particular tasks given by the Government in light of stabilizing staple food prices, managing government 
food reserves and distributing staple food to low in come people, particularly rice and other staple food 
items determined by the Government in the pursuit of achieving national food security;  
• In implementing its statutory functions, the agency engages in domestic procurement, sales/distribution, 
import/expo rt and public  stockholding.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
The operations of Perum BULOG are governed by the rece nt State -Owned Enterprise Law  No 19/2003, the 
provisions of Food Law No.  18/2012, the Presidential Instruction No.  5/2015 and the President Regulation 
No. 48/2016. BULOG was established under the Presidential Decree No.  114/U/Kep/5/1967. Since 2003 
BULOG w as transformed from a non -departmental government agency into a State -Owned Enterprise, namely 
Perum BULOG by Government Regulation  No. 7/2003, as amended by Government Regulation No.  61/2003.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTE RPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
• Conducting domestic paddy/rice procurement for defending guaranteed price;  
• Ensuring domestic rice price stabilization;  
• Carrying out domestic paddy/rice procurement with the Government Purchase Price  (HPP) ; 
• Distributing rice for poor and vulnerable people, Internally Displaced Persons (IDP's), and victims of 
natural calamities and social conflicts;  
• Maintaining national reserve stockholding for food security purposes;  
• Undertake government mandate to import for price stabilization to ensure food security objective.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
• Undertake the government mandate to import/export and distribute rice, maintain national public stock 
for the price stabilization programme and food security purposes;  
 
• In conducting its operation, Perum BULOG's source of funding comes from the state budget and 
commercial credit b ased on Government Regulations No. 13/2016.  
 
Additional comment by Indonesia:  As indicated in Indonesia's notification ( G/STR/N/1 8/IDN), 
Perum BULOG as a state trading enterprise statutorily has an exp orting function. However, 
since 1999 BULOG has not exported any commodities. The  operation of BULOG consists mainly  of 
domestic rice procurement and imports of rice  for public stockholding for food security purposes.  
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 21 - 
 
  Israel  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTREPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
Israel Groundnuts Production 
and Marketing Board (IGPMB)  Groundnuts  12024100  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
By law this Board is the sole exporter of groundnuts from Israel. This has not changed since its establishment 
in 1959.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers.  
All activities of the IGPMB are based on the Groundnuts Production and Marketing Council Rules (Groundnuts 
Exportation) of 1963.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing ov erview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The C ouncils targets, as stated in the Groundnuts Production and Marketing Council Law of 1959 are: to 
encourage the development of groundnut production, to plan cultivations, to concentrate marketing tasks and 
to provide with counselling measures for the ministers.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
Groundnuts Production and Marketing Council Rules (Groundnuts Exportation) of 1963 entitles the IGPMB the 
exclusive right to export groundnuts from Israel.  
 
Additional Information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
 
Description of 
product (s) Export value for state 
trading enterprise  
(million USD)  Quantity exported by state 
trading enterprise  
(metric tonnes)  Average 
export price  
(USD/MT)  
Groundnuts     
2013 22.1 5,393  4,102  
2014 22.0 6,011  3,660  
2015 19.1 6,026  3,173  
2016 22.9 7,030  3,254  
2017 23.0 7,159  3,242  
2018 22.0 6,364 3,429  
2019 23.0 6,801  3,416 
2020 24.0 7,483  3,240  
 
Export destinations: Italy, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Netherlands, Portugal, Malta, Croatia, and 
Cyprus.  
 
Two other Marketing Boards have the legal authority to grant export licenses and/or to export 
specific agricultural products according to specific regulations issued by the Minister of Agriculture. 
These are The Egg and Poultry Board and The Plants Production and Marketing Board. Both Egg and 
Poultry and Plants Production and Marketing Boards are not actively engaged in export, but rather 
grant licenses to private exporting entities.   
 
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 22 - 
 
  New Zealand  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
Zespri Group Limited  Kiwifruit  HS 08 10 50  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise.  
The New Zealand Government maintains a State Trading Enterprise for kiwifruit exports so as to obtain the 
best commercial return from world markets for producers in New Zealand.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powe rs. 
The Kiwifruit Industry Restructuring Act 1999 and Kiwifruit Export Regulations 1999 provide the legal basis 
for a special export authority for Zespri Group Limited which is not accorded to other exporters of kiwifruit 
destined for markets other than A ustralia.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise.  
The Kiwifruit Industry Restructuring Act was enacted in September 1999. On 1 April  2000 the Act converted 
the New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board into a private company, Zespri Group Limited and distributed 
shares in Zespri Group L imited to kiwifruit gro wers.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise.  
The promulgation of the Kiwifruit Export Regulations 1999 provides Zespri Group Limited with an automatic 
but not sole right to export kiwifruit.  For the purposes of this questionnaire , Zespri is considered a State 
Trading E nterprise.  
 
Zespri does not administer tariff rate quotas nor does it receive any trade -distorting subsidies, tax 
advantages, special financing,  or preferential access  to foreign exchange. It does not receive any specific 
support from the government based on its status as a State Trading Enterprise.  
 
Additional Information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
 
Description of 
product (s) Average export value 
for state trading 
enterprise  
(NZD billion)  Quantity exported by 
state trading 
enterprise  
(thousand tonnes)  Average export price  
(NZD/kg)   
Kiwifruit     
2010 -11 0.925  353.200  2.63 
2011 -12 1.014 391.151 2.59 
2012 -13 1.022 357.505 2.86 
2013 -14 0.787 309.960  2.52 
2014 -15 1.002  342.720  2.89 
2015 -16 1.417 444.560  3.19 
2016 -17 1.661  501.461  3.31 
2017 -18 1.616  442.282  3.65 
2018-19 2.194 535.564 4.10 
2019 -20 2.318  529.119  4.38 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 23 - 
 
  The export destinations for kiwifruit in the last three years in the table above were as follows:  
 
American Samoa  Indonesia  Qatar  
Argentina  Israel  Réunion  
Australia  Japan  Russian Federation  
Bahrain, Kingdom of  Korea, Republic of  Samoa  
Brazil  Kuwait, the State of  Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of  
Canada  Malaysia  Singapore  
China  Marshall Islands  Solomon Islands  
Cook Islands  Mauritius  South Africa  
Costa Rica  Mexico  Chinese Taipei  
El Salvador  Myanmar  Thailand  
European Union  Nauru, Republic of  Tonga  
Fiji New Caledonia  United Arab Emirates  
French Polynesia  Niue United States of America  
Guatemala  Palau, Republic of  Vanuatu  
Hong Kong, China  Papua New Guinea  Viet Nam  
India Philippines  Wallis and Futuna  
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 24 - 
 
  Thailand  
1. Enumeration of STEs  
A. Name  B. Product  C. Tariff item number (s)  
Public Warehouse Organization 
(PWO)    
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
PWO is a state -enterprise attached to the Ministry of Commerce. Its objective is to engage in all activities 
regarding agricultural goods and consumer products in order to implement the government policies and the 
business operation, as well as in service business connected with agricultural goods and consumer products.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional power  
Royal Decree Establishing the Public Warehouse B.E.2498 allows the PWO to engage in all activities regarding 
agricultural goods and consumer products either the implementation in response to the government policies 
and the business operation, as well as in servi ce business connected with agricultural goods and consumer 
products.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the STEs  
PWO is responsible for the implementation regarding agricultural goods  and consumer products in response 
to the government policies, mainly at the trade operation connected with agricultural goods and consumer 
products including importation and exportation, as well as warehouse business. PWO also allocates quantities 
of impo rt under in -quota of certain agricultural products.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
Nil. 
Product 
Descriptions  Export Value  
(million USD)  Export Volume  
(million pieces)  Export Price  Export  
Destination  
No export activities during period 2017 – 2019.  
 
1. Enumeration of STEs  
A. Name  B. Product  C. Tariff item number (s)  
Liquor Distillery Organization 
Excise Department  Ethyl alcohol  2207.10.00  
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department is empowered by the order of Ministry of Finance to be the 
sole producer of pure alcohol for the purposes of producing and distributing ethyl alcohol.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional power  
The Liquor Act, B.E. 2493, authorized Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Departm ent to be the sole 
producer and distributor of pure alcohol.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the STEs  
The Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department only deals with the production of pure alcohol to be 
distributed within the country. Presently, there is no export of pure alcohol by the Liquor Distillery 
Organization Excise Department due to the fact that production quantity of pure alcohol is not enough to 
export.  
B. Spe cification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department has been granted exclusive rights but no powers or 
influences through purchase or sales of imports or exports pure alcohol.  
Product 
Descriptions  Export Value  
(million USD)  Export Volume  
(million pieces)  Export Price  Export  
Destination  
No export activities during period 2017 – 2019.  
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 25 - 
 
  1. Enumeration of STEs  
A. Name  B. Product  C. Tariff item number (s)  
Tobacco Authority of 
Thailand (TOAT)  Cigarettes    
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
Tobacco Authority of Thailand (TOAT) is a state enterprise with a juristic person status under the Ministry of 
Finance, contributing revenue to the government and being classified in the industrial and commercial branch. 
TOAT is the only tobacco monopoly of cigarette manufacture and distribution. The organization’s core business 
is to satisfy the needs of domestic tobacco c onsumers in different forms and diversify to other business sectors 
including export and provision of cigarette manufacture services for overseas partners gaining more income 
for the organization.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclus ive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional power  
Tobacco Authority of Thailand (TOAT) has been a juristic organization under the supervision of Ministry of 
Finance according to Tobacco Autho rity of Thailand Act, B.E. 2561 (2018) since 14th May 2018. TOAT shall 
have objectives to manufacture cigarettes which is the government’s monopoly business according to the 
Excise Tax Act as well as other business.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the STEs  
1) To operate an industry and business related to tobacco, tobacco leaves or products  
from other plants both within and outside the Kingdom  
2) Being hired from manufacturing tobacco products for export outside the Kingdom  
3) To operate a business related to equipment, tools or appliances related to the industry  
or business according to 1)  
4) To promote a study, research, development and improvement of q uality and standard for  
tobacco production, tobacco leaf products or products from other plants  
5) To provide cooperation for government agencies in order to prevent and suppress offences related to 
tobacco, tobacco leaves or products from other plants  
6) Operat e other businesses related to cigarette production or other businesses according to 1), 2), 3), 4), 
and 5) or for TOAT’s interest.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
Nil. 
Product 
Descriptions  Export Value  
(million USD)  Export Volume  
(million pieces)  Export Price  Export  
Destination  
Cigarettes (2402.20.90)  
2017 2.30 70.56  Nil Myanmar ; Lao People's Democratic 
Republic;  Israel  
2018  2.50 54.88  Nil Myanmar, Israel, India  
2019 1.44 35.04  Nil Lao People's Democratic Republic , 
Malaysia, Myanmar, Israel  
 
 
 
 
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 26 - 
 
  Tunisia  
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
National Tobacco and 
Matches Agency 
(RNTA)  Cigarettes; Cigars; Pipe tobacco and 
tumbak; Gunpowder; Playing cards; 
Matches; Snuff (Neffa); Leaf tobacco  240220; 240210; 240399; 360100; 
950440; 360500; 240399; 240110  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
The National Tobacco and Matches Agency has the monopoly on tobacco marketing.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
Under Law  No. 64-57 of 28 December 1964.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overvi ew of operations of the state trading enterprise  
The RNTA grows tobacco, imports leaf tobacco, cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco, manufactures cigarettes, 
cigars, snuff and pipe tobacco, buys and sells matches, playing cards and gunpowder, and exports l eaf tobacco 
(snuff and smoking tobacco), cigarettes and snuff (Neffa).  
 
It distributes its products on the domestic market.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
Under Law No.  64-57 of 28 December 1964, the RNTA is responsible for operating for the benefit of the State 
the fiscal monopoly over tobacco, matches, playing cards and any other product for which responsibility may 
be assigned to it by the State.  
 
Since 1981, the RNTA has exercise d this activity in conjunction with the Kairouan Tobacco Factory 
(Manufacture des Tabacs de Kairouan , MTK).  
 
The RNTA is a State enterprise constituted as a non -administrative public establishment, the organization and 
functioning of which are governed by Law No.  64-57 of 28 December 1964.  
 
It was created and is maintained to collect taxes, reduce unemployment (source of income for 14,000 tobacco 
farmers, especially in deprived areas of Tunisia) and guarantee gunpowder  transactions.  
 
The legislation under which it was created and is maintained provides for State control of its activities, 
exercised through the Ministry of Finance.  
 
Export prices are fixed by contract between the parties concerned.  
 
STATE TRADING: NATIONAL TOBACCO AND MATC HES AGENCY  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2011 -2014  
Product 
(HS 
number)  Year  Total 
volume 
exported  Volume 
exported 
by the 
State 
trading 
enterprise  Average 
procurement 
price  Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price (excluding 
taxes)  Average 
export price  Domestic 
production 
(volume)  
Snuff 
(Neffa) 
(packet) 
HS No.: 
240399  2011  336,000  336,000  D0.075/packet*  D0.029/packet  D0.325/packet  28,366,800  
2012  396,000  396,000  D0.132/packet*  D0.029/packet  D0.648/packet  28,106,400  
2013  396,000  396,000  D0.160/packet*  D0.029/packet  D0.691/packet  25,629,300  
2014  480,124  480,124  D0.168/packet*  D0.0316/packet  D0.752/packet  26,000,000  
Leaf 
tobacco 
(tonne) 
HS No.: 
240110  2011  165 165 D1,960/tonne  - D3,154/tonne  4,055  
2012  100 100 D2,172/tonne  - D4,838 tonne  5,278  
2013  - - D/tonne  - - D/tonne  5,065  
2014  120 120 D2,537/tonne  - D4,838/tonne  4,979  
 
 
  G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 27 - 
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
National Edible Oils Board 
(ONH)  Soya bean oil; Palm  oil; Olive 
oil. 1507100; 1511909; 1509100  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
It was created and is maintained in order to implement the State's policy on the following in particular:  
• Protecting the country's interests in relation to the production, promotion and export of olive oil, which is 
of great social and economic importance to Tunisia;  
• Ensuring the country's supply of refined seed oil for consumption . 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
The ONH is a State enterprise constituted as a non -administrative public establi shment, the  organization and 
functioning of which were laid down by Decree -Law No.  70-13 of 16  October  1970.  
The Decree -Law under which the ONH was created and is maintained provides for State control exercised 
through the Ministry of Agriculture.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
As a State enterprise, the ONH assists olive oil producers, promotes the olive oil sector and regulates the 
market by purchasing and exporting a limited quantity, not exceeding 8% of domestic production over the 
period 2011 -2014, through a subsidiary of the ONH created at the end of 2009 as the National Oil Exports 
Board (ONHE).  
B. Spec ification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
Since the enactment of the Law of 24 February 1994, the ONH has no longer had the monopoly of sales of 
edible oils granted to it under the Decree -Law of 16 Octo ber 1970, except for the export of a tariff quota of 
olive oil to the European Union market, which it was granted by Decree No.  94-1166 of 23 May 1994.  
Under Decree No.  2001-1523 of 25 June 2001, private exporters may export organic Tunisian olive oil and 
bottled olive oil within the quota.  
Similarly, since 2005, specific decrees have enabled private traders, regardless of the level of production, to 
export oil in bulk within the quota as from the month of January, as is the case for  2016.  
The olive oil mar ket is free in Tunisia and there is free competition between private operators and the ONH. 
The latter's presence in the market does not lead to any distortion of market mechanisms. The reason for its 
existence is to regulate the market and protect domesti c producers if there is a drop in demand.  
 
STATE TRADING: NATIONAL OIL EXPORTS BOARD (ONH SUBSIDIARY)  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS  2011 -2014  
Description 
of 
product(s) 
and HS 
number(s)  Crop year  
(January -
December)  Total 
volume 
exported  Volume 
exported by 
the State 
trading 
enterprise 
(tonnes)  Average 
purchase 
price 
(D/metric 
tonne)  Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price (D/metric 
tonne)  Average 
export 
price 
(D/metric 
tonne)  Domestic 
production  
1509.100  
Olive oil  2011  - 5,181  3,399  - 3,846  120,000  
2012  - 12,310  3,112  - 3,415  182,000  
2013  - 7,715  4,872  - 5,457  220,000  
2014  - 2,565  5,688  - 5,475  70,000  
 G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 28 - 
 
  Ukraine  
According to the issues, which should be covered in the Agriculture Exporting State Trading 
Enterprises section, Ukraine finds it appropriate to submit information on the functioning of the State 
Enterprise of Liqueur and Alcoholic Beverage Industry "Ukrsp yrt" (hereinafter – the State Enterprise 
"Ukrspyrt"). At the same time we have to inform that according to the relevant changes in 
Ukraine's legislation the State Enterprise "Ukrspyrt" from 1 July 2020 was deprived of its 
exclusive or special rights or pri vileges to export agricultural products  (in particular, 
undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of 80% vol. or higher – heading 2207). 
The corresponding explanation is given below . 
 
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTREPRISE  
A. NAME  B. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION  TARIFF ITEM NUMBER(S)  
The State 
Enterprise 
"Ukrspyrt " Undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength 
by volume of 80% vol. or higher; ethyl alcohol and 
other spirits, denatured, of any strength  Heading 2207 of the UKTZED  (UKTZED is 
the Ukrainian  Foreign  Economic  Activity  
Commodity  Classification , based  on 
Harmonized  System  2017) 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining state trading enterprise  
The State Enterprise "Ukrspyrt" was established  according to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of 
Ukraine of 28 July 2010 № 672 "On establishment of the State Enterprise of liqueur and alcoholic beverage 
industry" to increase the efficiency of the functioning of state enterprises of liqueur and alcoholic beverage 
industry and to improve the management system in the mentioned area. 
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or privileges, 
including legal provisi ons and summary of statutory or constitutional powers  
According to previous wording (valid until 30.06.2020)  of paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the Law of Ukraine of 
19 December 1995 № 481/95 -ВР "On state regulation of production, and circulation of ethyl, cognac and fruit 
alcohol, alcoholic beverages, tobacco goods and fuel", the production  of ethyl alcohol (including as a medical 
product), ethyl rectified grape alcohol,  ethyl rectified fruit alcohol, grain distillate can be performed only by 
state enterprises . The production of bio -ethanol can be carried out by enterprises of all patterns of 
ownership, which are granted corresponding licenses.  
New wording of paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the mentioned Law that is applicable from 01.07.2020, says:  
The production  of ethyl alcohol (including as a medical product), ethyl rectified grape alcohol, ethyl rectified 
fruit alcohol, grain distillate and bio -ethanol can be carried out  by business  entities  of all patterns of 
ownership , which are granted corresponding licenses.  
Paragraph 1 (previous wording that was valid until 30.06.2020)  of Article 14 of the mentioned Law says that 
import, export  of ethyl alcohol, ethyl rectified grape  alcohol and ethyl rectified fruit alcohol can be carried 
out only by state enterprises  (or organizations) that are authorized by the Cabinet of Ministers of 
Ukraine  to carry out such activities. The wholesale  of ethyl alcohol, ethyl rectified grape alcoho l and ethyl 
rectified fruit alcohol on the territory of Ukraine can be carried out only by state enterprises  (or 
organizations) that are authorized by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine  and granted a corresponding 
license , except the wholesale of ethyl al cohol meant for medicine and veterinary medicine that can be carried 
out by medical institutions, business entities (including business entities operating through their registered 
permanent representative offices) or veterinary medicine supplying companies , irrespective of patterns of 
ownership, having appropriate license.  
New wording of paragraph 1 of Article 14 the Law (applicable from 01.07.2020)  says:  
Export  of ethyl alcohol, ethyl rectified grape alcohol and ethyl rectified fruit alcohol can be carried  out by 
business  entities , that are granted a license to produce such alcohol . Import and the wholesale  of 
ethyl alcohol, ethyl rectified grape alcohol and ethyl rectified fruit alcohol on the territory of Ukraine can be 
carried out with a license  for wholesale of such alcohol. The wholesale of ethyl alcohol meant for medicine 
and veterinary medicine can be carried out by medical institutions, business entities (or organizations) or 
veterinary medicine supplying companies, irrespective of patterns of ownership, having a license for wholesale 
of ethyl alcohol. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine shall establish the procedure for maintaining the register 
of the specified medical institutions, business entities (or organizations) or veterinary medicine  supplying 
companies.  
According to paragraph 11 (previous wording that was valid until 30.06.2020)  of Article 14 of the mentioned 
Law, the business  entities  (including business entities operating through their registered permanent 
representative offices) t hat produce ethyl alcohol export  it through the state enterprises  (or organizations) 
that are authorized by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine . G/AG/W/125/Rev.14/Add.4  
 
- 29 - 
 
  New wording (applicable from 01.07.2020) : 
The business  entities  (including business entities operating through their registered permanent 
representative offices) – producers of ethyl alcohol export  it having a license for production  of ethyl 
alcohol.  
Paragraph 12 (previous wording that was valid until 30.06.2020)  of Article 14 of the mentioned Law provides 
that the business  entities  (including business entities operating through their registered permanent 
representative offices) that produce ethyl alcohol sell it to the national consumers through the state 
enterprises  (or organizations) that are authorized by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine  and granted a 
corresponding wholesale license.  
New reduction (applicable from 01.07.2020) : 
The business  entities  that produce ethyl alcohol sell it to the national consumers having a license for 
wholesale of ethyl alcohol.  
Paragraph 1 of Article 15 of the mentioned Law states that import, export of alcoholic beverages can be carried 
out by business entities (including business entities operating t hrough their registered permanent 
representative offices) of all patterns of ownership without having a license. The wholesale of alcoholic 
beverages can be carried out by business entities (including business entities operating through their 
registered pe rmanent representative offices) of all patterns of ownership having appropriate wholesale 
licenses.  
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise  
The State Enterprise "Ukrspyrt" was established through merging assets of the State Concern of liqueur and 
spirits industry "Ukrspyrt", state enterprises and associations of alcohol and alcoholic beverage industry under 
the authority of the Ministry of Ag rarian Policy and Food of Ukraine.  
 
The State Enterprise "Ukrspyrt" is a successor of the State Concern of liqueur and spirits industry "Ukrspyrt".  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading enterprise  
The State Enterprise "Ukrspyr" had exclusive rights (until 30.06.2020) to produce, export and wholesale of 
ethyl alcohol, ethyl rectified grape alcohol and ethyl rectified fruit alcohol (falling under heading 2207 of the 
UKTZED). From July 1, 2020, the State Enterprise "Ukrspyrt" was deprived of its above mentioned exclusive 
rights.  
 
Additional information subject to normal commercial confidentiality considerations  
 
Export (value/volume)  
In 2020 (01.01.2020 –30.06.2020),  the State Enterprise " Ukrspyrt " exported only undenatured ethyl 
alcohol and main fraction of ethyl alcohol falling under heading 2207 of the UKTZED in the amount 
of 304.29  thousand decalitre s for a total of EUR 1,306  thousand.  
 
Export prices  
The average export price of ethyl alcohol and main fraction of ethyl alcohol falling under heading 
2207 of the UKTZED was about 4.3 EUR/decalitre . 
 
Export destination   
In 2020, the export destinations for ethyl alcohol and main f raction of ethyl alcohol falling under 
heading 2207 of the UKTZED were as follows: Azerbaijan, Turkey, Georgia and Poland.  
 
 
__________