RESTRICTED  
  
WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
21 July 2022 
(22-5561) Page: 1/160 
General Council  
9-10 May 2022  Original: English  
 
MINUTES OF  THE MEETING  
HELD IN THE CENTRE WILLIAM RAPPARD AND IN VIRTUAL FORMAT ON 9-10 MAY 2022 
Chairperson: H.E. Mr. Didier Chambovey (Switzerland ) 
The Chair , the Director -General and delegations  bade farewell to  Ambassador Atanas Paparizov of 
Bulgaria, Ambassador Lundeg Purevsuren of Mongolia and Ambassador Mathias Francke of Chile and 
expressed appreciation for their valuable contribution during their time as Permanent 
Representative s. They also bade farewell to Mr. Keith Rockwell  – Director of the Information and 
External Relations  Division – and thanked him for his service to the organization.  
 
Subjects discussed1: 
 
1 REPORT BY THE CHAIR OF THE TRADE NEGOTIATIONS COMMITTEE   
AND REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR -GENERAL  ................................ ................................ ...... 2 
2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BALI, NAIROBI AND BUENOS AIRES OUTCOMES – 
STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR  ................................ ................................ .............................  8 
3 WORK PROGRAMME ON SMALL ECONOMIES – REPORT BY THE CHAIR OF THE 
DEDICATED SESSION OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRA DE AND DEVELOPMENT  ...................  12 
4 TWELFTH SESSION OF THE MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE –  
STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR  ................................ ................................ ...........................  15 
4.1 WTO Response to the Pandemic – Report by the Facilitator  ................................ .............  23 
5 TRIPS COUNCIL MATTERS  ................................ ................................ ..........................  34 
5.1 Status Report on the Considerations by the TRIPS  Council on the revised " Proposal for a 
Waiver from Certain Provisions of the TRIPS  Agreement for the Prevention, Containment and 
Treatment of COVID -19" – Statement by the Chair of the Council for TRIPS  ...........................  34 
6 COMMITTEE ON BUDGET, FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION –  
REPORT ON MEETING OF MARCH 2022  ................................ ................................ .........  46 
7 A SMOOTH TRANSITION PACKAGE IN FAVOUR OF MEMBERS  GRADUATING  
FROM THE LDC CATEGORY  ................................ ................................ ............................  47 
7.1 LDC Group's Interim Arrangement Submission on LDC Graduation –        Communication from 
Chad on behalf of the LDC Group  ................................ ................................ .....................  47 
7.2 Trade Related Challenges of the Least Developed Countries  and Way Forward:   
A Draft for MC Decision – Communication from Chad on behalf of the LDC Group  ....................  47 
8 JOINT STATEMENT ON OPEN AND PREDICTABLE TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD 
PRODUCTS – REQUEST FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM  ................................ ...................  53 
 
1 The proposed agenda was circulated in document WT/GC/W/ 846. WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  9 PROPOSED GENERAL COUNCIL DECISION ON PROCEDURES TO ENHANCE 
TRANSPARENCY AND IMPROVE COMPLIANCE WITH NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 
UNDER WTO AGREEMENTS – ARGENTINA; AUSTRA LIA; CANADA; CHILE; COLOMBIA; 
COSTA RICA; THE EUROPEAN UNION; ICELAND; ISRAEL; JAPAN;  REPUBLIC OF KOREA; 
LIECHTENSTEIN; MEXICO; NEW ZEALAND;  NORTH MACEDONIA; NORWAY; PARAGUAY; 
THE PHILIPPINES; SINGAPORE; SWITZERLAND; THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY 
OF TAIWA N, PENGHU,  KINMEN AND MATSU; UNITED KINGDOM; THE UNITED STATES; 
AND URUGUAY  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  68 
10 WORK PROGRAMME ON ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND MORATORIUM ON    IMPOSING 
CUSTOMS DUTIES ON ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSIONS –REQUEST FROM INDIA AND 
SOUTH AFRICA  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  76 
11 PAPER TITLED "THE L EGAL STATUS OF 'JOINT STATEMENT INITIATIVES'   
AND THEIR NEGOTIATED OUTCOMES" BY INDIA, SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA  ..........  85 
12 TRADE -DISRU PTIVE PRACTICES OF CERTAIN MEMBERS AND   
THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE WTO – COMMUNICATION FROM   
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ................................ ................................ ...........................  90 
13 PROPOSED SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY DECLARATION FOR THE  
TWELFTH WTO MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE: RESPONDING TO MODERN SPS 
CHALLENGES - THE AFRICAN GROUP; ACP GROUP; ARGENTINA; AUSTRALIA;  
BELIZE; BRAZIL; BURKINA FASO; CABO VER DE; CANADA; CHILE; COLOMBIA;  
COSTA RICA; CÔTE D'IVOIRE; DOMINICAN REPUBLIC; ECUADOR; EL SALVADOR;  
THE GAMBIA; GUATEMALA; HONDURAS; JAPAN; MALAYSIA; MEXICO; MONGOLIA;  
 NEW ZEALAND; PANAMA; PARAGUAY; PERU; SENEGAL; SINGAPORE; TAJIKISTAN; 
TOGO; UKRAINE;  THE UNITED STATES; URUGUAY; AND VIET NAM  ...............................  96 
14 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY AND CAPACITY      BUILDING 
FOR COVID -19 AND BEYOND - STATEMENT BY BRAZIL  ................................ ...............  100  
15 LDC VIEWS ON WTO REFORM DISCUSSIONS AND PROPOSALS –       
COMMUNICATION FROM CHAD ON BEHALF OF THE LDC GROUP   ................................ . 104  
16 INTERNATIONAL TRADE CENTRE UNCTAD/WTO - REPORT OF THE   
JOINT ADVISORY GROUP ON ITS 55TH SESSION  ................................ .........................  110  
17 WTO PENSION PLAN MANAGEMENT BOARD – ELECTION OF MEMBER AND 
ALTERNATE  ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  113  
18 OTHER BUSINESS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 113  
18.1 State ment by the Chair in connection with Administrative Measures for   
Members in Arrears  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 113 
ANNEX – STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS AT THE INFORMAL TNC AND INFORMAL HODS 
MEETINGS HELD ON 4 MAY 2022  ................................ ................................ ................  115  
 
1  REPORT BY THE CHAIR OF THE TRADE NEGOTIATIONS COMMITTEE AND REPORT BY 
THE DIRECTOR -GENERAL  
1.1.  The Chair invite d the Director -General and Chair of the TNC to provide her report on the 
activities and work since her last re port to the General Council.  
 
1.2.  The Director -General  delivered the following statement2: 
1.3.  Since the February meeting of the General Council, I convened an Informal TNC  and Heads of 
Delegation meeting on 4 May to undertake a collective reflection on the MC12 preparatory process 
and how best to ensure a productive meeting in June. My statement and the reports of the Chairs 
at that meeting has been circulated in JOB/TNC/10 3. 
 
2 The Director -General's report was subsequently circulated in document JOB/GC/ 300. WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  1.4.  Chair, I think last week's TNC meeting was a positive one. I sensed a willingness to try and 
work towards some deliverables and as you know, there are the "four pillars plus" that we have all 
been talking about for MC12.  
1.5.  Delegations commented on some th ings of the moment, and I heard several stress the 
importance of addressing the food crisis and discussing what the WTO can do about it including on 
the WFP waiver. I have heard loud and clear the need to reach a credible WTO Response to the 
Pandemic. I go t the sense that now is the time to get realistic in the fisheries subsidies negotiations 
and finish them with an agreement that respects the mandate and delivers a quality result that we 
can all live with. We also have expectations about advancing in agri culture – a dossier that is so 
important to so many Members. And I welcome the priority placed by Members on WTO Reform.  
1.6.  It would also be essential to build on the work done so far in the services negotiations and 
work towards a mutually acceptable path fo rward on special and differential treatment – including 
on issues of critical importance to LDCs such as what we have just discussed on graduation. And I 
think it would be equally important to reach a shared understanding on how to address negotiating 
areas after MC12. As often been remarked by one of our Members, there is life after MC12. In this 
regard, let me recall that, at the November TNC meeting, we already transmitted reports from the 
Negotiating Group Chairs to the General Council for onward transm ission to the Ministerial 
Conference.  
1.7.  I recognize that delegations are aware of the limited time left and the need to manage 
expectations. I likewise acknowledge the desire to work now on all pillars and work towards 
deliverables in a realistic fashion. Le t us see what we can do and what we can deliver. All of this is 
very encouraging.  
1.8.  As we move forward, I note delegations' request for more clarity on the MC12 format and 
expectations for Ministers. Some of these will depend on what we can deliver during th e roughly 
four weeks left before MC12. So, it is really time to intensify our efforts and make every second 
count to lay the ground for productive Ministerial interaction in June. In fact, we have already started 
to intensify and I expect that this will co ntinue for the remaining four weeks.  
1.9.  As I pointed out at the TNC last week, we still plan to have thematic sessions during MC12, 
and I will be speaking with the GC Chair, the other Chairs and to delegations in the next days to 
work out how this will work i n practice. In addition, there have been questions about the modalities 
of the Conference itself in light of its streamlined nature. Together with DDG Ellard, we are reaching 
out to delegations and will circulate a note on this very soon covering all issue s. I also expect to see 
some notes with detailed outlines on the work programmes for the negotiations in fisheries and 
agriculture going out very soon.  
1.10.  While still on organizational aspects of MC12, let me address the issue of "credentials", which 
is a req uirement that is distinct from, and additional to, "e -registration" for MC12. Under the Rules 
of Procedure, at Ministerial Conferences each Member needs to be represented by an accredited 
representative. For this purpose, Members need to prepare credential s signed by, or on behalf of, 
their Minister, or by their competent authority, to formally authorise their representatives to 
perform, on their behalf, the various functions associated with a Ministerial Conference. Although 
many Members had submitted cred entials for last year's Ministerial Conference session before it was 
postponed, these related to the specific dates of last year's event, and to the representatives 
designated at the time. Accordingly, each Member would need to submit new credentials for t heir 
MC12 representatives and for the specific dates of the rescheduled Ministerial Conference (12 -15 
June 2022). The deadline for submitting the hard copy of original signed credentials is Friday, 3 
June. A number of Members appear to still not have conta cted the Secretariat with their credentials. 
It would therefore be appreciated if relevant Members could get in contact with the Legal Affairs 
Division at their earliest convenience. For more information on preparing and submitting credentials, 
please see the information note that was circulated in April (WT/MIN(22)/INF/1), copies of which 
are also available at the back of the room.  
1.11.  Excellencies, what the world needs right now is a responsive WTO, one that helps us meet 
the many challenges of our time and d elivers on the aspirations of the people we serve. Ministers at 
MC12 can take an important step in this direction. That means we in Geneva need to properly lay 
the foundation for this to happen when Ministers arrive in a few weeks. After not meeting since WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  2017, it is only right that we do the preparatory work needed to make a success of an MC12 that 
has been in the making for nearly 5 years whilst we also contemplate what we need to do for life 
after MC12 and moving towards MC13. This is our responsibility and I hope we can all act 
accordingly.  
1.12.  The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group  delivered the following statement:  
1.13.  The most pressing issues such as the WTO Response to the Pandemic and our access to food  
really need more attention and commit ment from the WTO.  We would recall that the LDC Group 
presented a communication on agriculture negotiations in document JOB/AG/227 which contained 
our priorities in that area. Our Group would like to seek an outcome  in this area  at MC12. We also 
believe th at an outcome on fishery subsidies is feasible as long as the outstanding areas Members 
have identified are addressed. We must likewise reaffirm the multilateral nature of the institutio n. 
This is a  key priority  for the LDCs.  
1.14.  The representative of  Cambodia  delivered the following statement:  
1.15.  Cambodia associates with the statement made by the LDC s. For the past months, negotiation s 
have been stagnant on multiple fronts,  and this is a great concern for us as from now until the 
Ministerial Conference, there is only a short time left for us to achieve substantial outcomes on 
different negotiati ng issues.  While Cambodia ha s varying degree s of interest in many negotiati ng 
issues, we placed great value in the multilateral trading system which we believe ha s provided 
inclusive benefits to all Members . It is therefore imperative that we reach outcomes on as many 
negotiatin g issues as possible before MC12. Reaching a conclusion on  those outcomes is important 
to show that multilateralism at the WTO remains  relevant and that the WTO is able to deliver results 
as mandated by Ministers. In this  regard , we are pleased to inform Members that we will co -sponsor  
document WT/GC/W/841/Rev.1 on the " Statement on Immediate Action to Support the Multilateral 
Trading System in Preparation for a Successful  MC12".  We hope to see more negotiations taking 
place leading up to MC12 with the spirit of constructive engagement and flexibility and conducte d in 
a transparent and inclusive manner.  
1.16.  The representative of Sierra Leone  delivered the following statement:  
1.17.  Sierra Leone welcomes the confirmation of the dates of the Twelfth Ministerial Conference to 
be held from 12 to 15 June 2022. We strongly believe that the upcoming Ministerial meeting  is 
critical to have our Ministers ' direction for our work in Geneva, especially since we have not had a 
Conference sin ce 2017. We reiterate our commitment to constructively engage in all discussions in  
the coming weeks  to make MC12 a success. On this point, we would like to note that logistical 
arrangements for the preparatory process should accommodate the capacity constraints of small 
delegations like ours, particularly as it relates to frequency and overlapping of meetings. Regarding 
the outcome document, we support the proposal to move forward with the mutually agreed elements 
from the former Chair 's latest version in November 2021 as the basis , and we encourage Members 
to engage constructively and i n a solution -oriented manner.  
1.18.  On WTO 's response to the pandemic, measures taken in the context of the pandemic should 
reflect the particular needs of LDCs like Sierra Leone, including LDC-specific flexibilities and trade 
facilitation measures needed to add ress the issue of food insecurity and product availability, and 
equitable access to vaccines and therapeutics. Particularly, we reiterate our call on Members to limit 
export restrictions as highlighted in the LDCs' communication submitted on this subject i n May 2020.  
My delegation welcomes the draft outcome document on TRIPS Waiver from the quadrilateral 
consultation process as shared by the Director -General. We recognize that this text offers the basis 
for a compromise document that promises to bridge gaps  and varying positions on the proposed 
waiver. We will continue to engage with Members to agree on a mutually acceptable outcome on the 
TRIPS Waiver in advance of the next conference as this may be the last opportunity to deliver on 
this matter.   
1.19.  On fisher ies, as you know , Sierra Leone as a coastal country is vulnerable to overfishing due 
to the subsidies afforded to foreign vessels.  While we strongly support the conclusion of an 
agreement , we must ensure the longstanding responsibility of Members for overc apacity and 
overfishing must be duly taken into account in accordance with the principle of common but 
differentiated responsibility. We strongly believe that it is possible to achieve an agreement that WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  institutes the effective and unconditional enjoyment of appropriate special and differential treatment 
with a de mininis , the exclusion of artisanal or subsistence fishing from the scope of this agreement, 
the strict and unambiguous protection of overfished stocks, the effective sanctioning of industrial 
and large-scale vessels guilty of illegal fishing, and the respect of the sovereignty of States over 
their waters. In this context, Sierra Leone reiterates its readiness to negotiate on the basis of the 
last version of the Chair 's text from November 2021 and call on the Chair to convene meetings with 
a view to resolving the outstanding issues before submission of the text for Ministers consideration.  
1.20.  On agriculture , currently, largely as a result of imbalances of the Agreement on Agriculture,  
a vast majority of developing countries are unable to meet their food security needs and hundreds 
of millions of our people face food insecurity. We therefore need to work towards the delivery of 
targeted outcomes that would address the structural causes o f food insecurity and unlock developing 
countries production capacities. More specifically, we believe that our preparation must be centred 
around food security, with tangible progress on domestic support, including  support needed to 
enhance the production  capacity of, and economic opportunities for, small -scale farmers , Public 
Stockholding and Special Safeguard Mechanism as well as finaliz ing an agreement on World Food 
Programme purchases . We also believe special and differential treatment provisions shoul d remain 
an integral part of the WTO agreements and this issue should be accorded the priority it deserves 
during MC12.  
1.21.  On the approach to WTO reform , we believe it should be  framed in a balanced manner,  the 
concerns of all Members, including developing a nd least developed countries must be adequately 
taken on -board, to address the imbalances in the system. In this regard, my delegation supports 
the proposal for a working group on WTO reform or a dedicated work programme under the General 
Council.  In closi ng, Chair, Sierra Leone reiterates its unwavering support for an inclusive, 
transparent, open and rules -based multilateral trading system within the framework of the WTO. We 
also affirm our commitment to engaging constructively towards a successful conveni ng of MC12.  
1.22.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
1.23.  On this agenda item, I would like to begin by thanking  the Director -General  for her 
comprehensive report on the current state of play of the negotiations in the WTO. Indeed, your hard 
work and strong commitment in advancing the progress of negotiation s is vital to lead us towards a 
successful Ministerial Conference.  As noted by the Director -General  during the TNC meeting, MC12 
will not be "an ordinary meeting " with differences to be bridged and common ground to be found 
amidst global uncertainty. And today 's General Council is even more crucial than ever to listen on 
Members ' views on issues of interest and to create a basis for us to resume our work.  I will not go 
into detail on each negotiating issue as we had already extensive discussions at the TNC last week.  
1.24.  Having said that, our delegation would like to reiterate the im portance of having a holistic 
outcome to address the pandemic. In this regard, I would like to inform the Membership that 
Indonesia has decided to join the proponents of JOB/GC/ 278 in the WTO response to the pandemic.  
While some parts of the world are heal ing from the pandemic, we still see the re -emergence of 
COVID -19 in other parts of the world. Meaning that, even though we are more than two years 
behind, an outcome is still needed to tackle the current pandemic, as well as future ones.  In relation 
with t he WTO Response to the Pandemic, we also believe that a conclusion on the TRIPS waiver in 
the TRIPS Council is necessary for any outcomes to be meaningful and credible.  
1.25.  Another important area is agriculture where Indonesia continues to reiterate the need t o 
deliver on the critical mandated issues at the Ministerial Conference.  In the context of current global 
crisis, reframing the agricultural trade rules is ever more urgent to rectify the imbalances and move 
toward a more equitable trading system, which al lows Members who are still recovering from the 
pandemic to not be further left behind.  In addition, the ongoing conflict also add s pressure to 
developing countries and LDCs to provide food to our citizens.  On that note, a permanent solution 
for PSH and a s trong operable work program me on SSM remain Indonesia 's priorities for the MC12. 
We have heard delegations saying that we tout it as a panacea. However, the true purpose of PSH 
is to serve as a policy space and instrument to address food security  – one tha t is needed by the 
majority of developing Members.  Furthermore, achieving a balance d and fair outcome in domestic 
support is also Indonesia 's concern where addressing AMS beyond de minimis should be a priority.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  1.26.  On fisheries subsidies, our delegation believ es that we must deliver on the SDG 14.6 mandate 
by concluding the negotiations at MC12. Nevertheless, any decision on this issue should not 
undermine long existing agreements that have been established including but not limited to the 
UNCLOS.  Furthermore, a strong S&DT should also be an integral part of the fisheries subsidies 
mandate  – one that takes into account the livelihood of the people, especially of poor, small -scale, 
and artisanal fishermen, as well as provide policy space for developing Members.  Last but not least, 
trade and development are heavily interlinked, and it is our collective responsibility to put 
developmental issues at the heart of this organization, including through concrete and meaningful 
outcomes for development of all at the MC12. Not leaving anyone behind.  Let me assure all of you  
that Indonesia is fully committed to engage with all Members on these matters.  Indonesia stands 
ready to engage constructively with all Members and work towards a successful MC12 in June . 
1.27.  The representati ve of Argentina  delivered the following statement:  
1.28.  We welcome the four plus pillars  that have been referred to. We will continue to work on 
fisheries to  reach an agreement that has  tangible effects on the oceans and their resources. We 
reaffirm the need to  work towards ending subsidies for large fleets that operate on the high seas. 
In particular, we highlight the importance of  taking into account small scale artisanal fishing 
communities  in our negotiations . Over the last years, we have worked to achieve a n ambitious 
agreement and we will continue to make every effort to ensure that all subsidies that contribute to 
IUU fishing practices are eliminated , that subsidies affecting overfish ed stocks are banned as well 
those that contribute to overcapacity. We call on all Members that are concerned about the current 
state of marine ecosystems to reach an agreement that will help us deliver on the commitments 
made including on SDG 14.6.  
1.29.  In agric ulture, we understand that we must continue working to reach an ambitious 
agreement that is also realistic and well balance d – that contributes to achieving agriculture reform. 
We have been waiting for more than 25 years  to fulfil the agriculture reform ma ndate . We want to 
make it clear that we cannot however deliver final outcomes on some issues if we only adopt a mere 
work programme on others that we consider a s priority matters such as domestic support.  
1.30.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the followin g statement:  
1.31.  MC12 takes place under exceptional circumstances and outcomes should address both 
existing emergencies and WTO structural issues, such as agriculture and reform.  Food security will 
be the most pressing issue at MC12. Brazil supports an outcome  that confirms the relevance of 
international trade in agriculture; the continuation of the ongoing  discussions on WTO reform, 
particularly on the restoration of a fully operational dispute settlement system and on the flexible 
multilateral negotiations; a n outcome on fisheries subsidies would be an important milestone on  the 
WTO's contribution to sustainable development; and a relevant outcome on Trade & Health  also 
creating the right incentives to addressing endemic and tropical diseases.  During the Director-
General's recent visit to Brazil , she could testify the strength of Brazil 's commitment to the 
multilateral trading system. Both from the administration and the private sector, the message was 
unanimous: the WTO is important and needs to be reformed to  preserve its relevance.  In her meeting 
with Minister Carlos França and with President Bolsonaro, she heard th e same message. In a moment 
in which food security is a threat that looms in the horizon of the world economy, Brazil is part of 
the solution. Our  agricultural exports feed one in every ten human beings. On a sustainable basis, 
on an efficient basis, Brazil is an agricultural power -house, as the Director -General has  described.  
1.32.  As President Bolsonaro has discussed with the Director -General , one centr al dimension of the 
solution for the question of food security is to guarantee that the inputs necessary to prepare next 
year's crops will be available to producers. This year, the food crisis manifests itself essentially under 
the guise of rising prices. In the absence of timely access to inputs, such as fertilizers, it is the very 
world food supply that will be at risk from next year. Brazil has already started exploring with 
countries affected b y the food crisis, particularly LDCs, the establishment of e mergency corridors to 
ensure the circulation of food and fertili zers. MC12 should dedicate special attention to this issue 
and Brazil would like to propose a specific ini tiative to guarantee access to fertilizers. It is, nobody 
ignores, a complex and multi faceted issue. It will require close cooperation among government 
agencies and among international organizations. It is a complex task, but it is an indispensable one.  
Finally, Brazil is of the view that the MC12 Ministerial Declaration should be issued un der the 
responsibility of the Chair of the General Council.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  1.33.  The representative of Peru delivered the following statement:  
1.34.  With respect to the fisheries subsidies negotiations, we reiterate the importance of avoiding 
status quo. We cannot fail again.  We are all aware that reaching an agreement on S&DT is something 
that is important to all of us and it occupies a lot of t he remaining time left . An agreement on 
fisheries subsidies on the high seas would also mean continuing with the status quo. With respe ct 
to agriculture negotiations, I must refer to the current circumstances due to the aggression against 
Ukraine which brings us toward food prices that will have an impact on us all but especially on the 
most vulnerable countries such as Peru  which is expe riencing  a huge lack of fertilizers. As we 
negotiate on this area, we need to  think of how we can enable  a resilient agriculture system.  
1.35.  The representative of Kenya  provided the following statement:  
1.36.  I thank the Chair of the TNC for her comprehensive report , which sets the tone for our 
deliberations. Kenya aligns with the statements delivered on behalf of the African Group and the 
ACP Group.  All attention is now on the forthcoming MC12, and I wish to  make some comments. On 
the fisheries subsidies negotiation s, we appreciate the efforts by the NGR Chair to steer these difficult 
negotiations towards the desired end. We however wish to state that we should not lose sight of the 
purpose of this agreement, as clearly articulated in SDG 14.6. We therefore remain co mmitted to 
the negotiations and look forward to further engagements on this issue in the coming weeks. We 
are optimistic that the specific concerns that have been raised so far, with respect to the imbalanced 
nature of the text will be addressed in advance  of the Ministerial Conference.  
1.37.  Concerning COVID -19 and the role of the WTO , we welcome the multilateral initiatives aimed 
at addressing the challenges caused by COVID -19. In addition, we commend the TNC Chair for her 
efforts to bring together vaccine manu facturers and other multilateral institutions, to candidly 
discuss how best to ensure rapid delivery of vaccines to where they are needed the most. The lessons 
that we have learn ed in this process should motivate us to be well prepared for future pandemics.  
A multilaterally agreed WTO response to the pandemic, incorporating the TRIPS Waiver is urgent, 
and we remain committed to the ongoing deliberations, which should be finali zed an d the outcome 
submitted to the Ministers for adoption.  
1.38.  Special and Differential Treatment is an integral principle of the WTO, and the respective 
provisions and decisions are important to many developing country Members and LDCs as they 
implement their ob ligations in these WTO agreements and Ministerial Decisions. It is therefore 
important to uphold the existing S&DT provisions and follow up on their implementation. It is equally 
important to consider the S&DT proposals tabled by the G90 and find ways to i ntegrate them in WTO 
work.  Agriculture is critical to many Members ' economies and we believe that we should work 
towards outcomes in priority areas such as PSH and SSM. We therefore look forward to the adoption 
of the proposed Ministerial Declaration on PS H. 
1.39.  Even as we focus our efforts on MC12, it is apparent that there are many other issues that 
are important to Members but may not be ready for consideration by Ministers. A clear roadmap, 
therefore, ought to be agreed and adopted on how these issues will be addressed post MC12. These 
issues include  the reinvigoration of the Appellate Body. It is imperative that we pragmatically 
consider the fate of the A ppellate Body in the context of the pertinent concerns that some Members 
have with the system and work t owards the resumption of the system as we address these concerns.  
On WTO Reform , many Members agree that after more than two decades since the establishment 
of the WTO, some areas need to be revitalized to align with the fundamental change of 
circumstances , as well as for the system to continue serving its purpose as a forum  for multilateral 
trade negotiations. The WTO is at its twilight, and it is up to the Membership to work together to 
move the organization towards the ideal position . 
1.40.  The General Council  took note of the report of the Director -General including at the 4 May 
Informal TNC and Informal HODs meeting , and of the statements that day as well as those delivered 
at the 4 May Informal TNC and Informal HODs meeting3. 
 
3 The statements at the 4 May Informal TNC and Informal HODs Meetings by the following delegations 
are incorporated in the minutes of this meeting and can be found in the Annex of this document:  Japan; 
Singapore; Cameroon (African Group); Brazil; Nigeria; Australia; Chile ( Structured Discussions on Investment 
Facilitation for Development ); Philippines; Mexico; India; European Union; Norway; South Africa; Barbados WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  2  IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BALI, NAI ROBI AND BUENOS AIRES OUTCOMES – 
STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR  
2.1.  The Chair said4 that Item 2 'Implementation of the Bali, Nairobi and Buenos Aires Outcomes' 
remain ed on the agenda so that the General Council c ould continue to follow -up, in a horizontal and 
transparent manner, on the implementation of the relevant Ministerial decisions.  He noted that  the 
statement made under this item was based on the information and updates provided by the Chairs 
of Regular Bodies on the work carried out with regard to the Ministerial mandates in their respective 
areas. He further noted that his report w ould only focus on areas where there ha d been 
developments since the last General Council meeting in February. For those areas that  he would not  
mention , he referred delegations  to previous reports under this item.  
2.2.  Discussions on the Work Programme on Electronic Commerce and the moratorium on customs 
duties on electronic transmissions were continuing under the General Council and in the relevant 
bodies – and the General Council w ould take up the work programme and the moratorium in a 
separate agenda item. The Committee on Trade and Development had recently considered a 
submission on global electronic commerce for inclusive development . In the Council for Trade in 
Services, Members continue d to share national experiences and initiatives. At its March meeting, 
one delegation had suggested that the CTS consider ed how to enhance the participation of women 
from developing countries in e -commerce.  With regard to preparations for MC12, as reported by his 
predecessor, despite the many consultations and exchanges held in different configurations, 
delegations could not reach consensus on a draft decision for Ministers' consideration ahead of the 
postponed MC12 in November last year.  As a result, two draft Ministerial Decisions, submitted by 
Members, were to be forwarded to Ministers for their consideration. These two drafts were contained 
respectively in documents WT/GC/W/831 and WT/GC/W/838 and t heir revisions. As he had reported 
at the TNC meeting , he had intend ed to consult on the e -commerce work programme and 
moratorium closer to MC12 – and his door remain ed open for any delegation, group coordinator or 
group wishing to discuss this matter further in the meantime.  
2.3.  As regards the follow -up to the Bali Decision on TRQ Administration, he recalled that  at its 
special meeting on 31 March, the General Council, based  on the recommendations of the Committee 
on Agriculture, had adopted the decision on future operation of paragraph 4 of the Underfill 
Mechanism (WT/L/1132 ). With the adoption of this decision within the exceptionally extended 
deadline of 31 March 2022, the  review of the operation of the Bali TRQ Decision mandated under 
paragraphs 13 -15 of the Decision ha d been concluded.   
2.4.  With respect to the implementation of the Nairobi Decision on Export Competition, the 
Committee on Agriculture had concluded the second triennial review of the Nairobi Decision on 
export competition at its March 2022 meeting and had adopted the report of t he review, contained 
in document G/AG/33.  
2.5.  On the implementation of the Bali Ministerial Decision on Public Stockholding for Food Security 
purposes, a developing Member who had invoked the Decision for the first time for 2018 -19 upon 
exceeding its de minimi s level  for rice ha d recently notified the invocation of the Bali PSH Decision 
for the third consecutive year for the breach of the de minimis limit  in respect of the same product.  
The notification w ould be subject to review at the next meeting of the Comm ittee on Agriculture.  
2.6.  On Preferential Rules of Origin for LDCs, he noted that, at its meeting on 7 April the Committee 
on Rules of Origin had continued its discussions about how Members were implementing the Bali 
and Nairobi Ministerial Decisions.  The LDC Group had made a presentation on certificates of origin 
and self -certification. This was one of the areas covered by the Nairobi Decision, but Members had 
not yet zoomed into this topic. Discussions would continue in the coming committee meetings.  He 
also underst ood that the LDC Group had confirmed its interest in the Committee adopting language 
confirming Members' commitments to the Bali and Nairobi Ministerial mandates, and that language 
 
(CARICOM); S witzerland; Republic of Korea; Canada; Vanuatu (Pacific Group); Chad (LDCs); China; Jamaica 
(ACP); Malaysia; United Kingdom; Pakistan; Thailand; New Zealand; Indonesia; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Sri 
Lanka; Colombia; Ukraine; Türkiye ; Uruguay; Egypt; Russian  Federation; Antigua and Barbuda (OECS); Peru; 
Panama (GRULAC, Article XII Members); Costa Rica ( Joint Initiative on Services Domestic Regulation ); Nepal; 
Trinidad and Tobago; Chinese Taipei; Paraguay; Tunisia; The Gambia; Iceland; Guatemala and United Sta tes. 
4 The Chair's statement was subsequently circulated in document JOB/GC/302.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  to this effect ha d been agreed by Members, and ha d been circulated a s a Committee decision  
(G/RO/95) . 
2.7.  On the Services Waiver for LDCs, at the March meeting of the Council for Trade in Services, 
the LDC Group had called on Members to explore how to complement the Waiver preferences and 
help LDC suppliers increase their participation in global services trade. The LDC Group also recalled 
the services -related recommendations put forward in the LDC Trade Ministers Decl aration for MC12, 
as well as the elements contained in the General Council draft outcome document for the Ministerial. 
A number of delegations had intervened to underscore the importance of the Waiver.  
2.8.  Regarding Duty -Free Quota -Free Market Access for LDCs,  the matter was on the agenda of the 
CTD meeting in March, and some Members used the opportunity to provide updates on their DFQF 
schemes for LDCs.  
2.9.  Concerning the Monitoring Mechanism on Special and Differential Treatment, as the situation 
remain ed unchang ed, he referred delegations to earlier statements made under this item.  
2.10.  On Aid for Trade, the Committee on Trade and Development  had met to discuss Aid for Trade 
implementation issues, in line with the work programme for 2020 -2022. The CTD had also been 
updated on the status of preparations for the forthcoming Global Review to be held on  27-29 July. 
The focus w ould be on: "Empowering Connected, Sustainable Trade". The interest expressed by 
Members and observer Organizations to organize sessions was a testa ment to their commitment to 
engage in the forthcoming review. A workshop on the results of the 2022 monitoring and evaluation 
exercise was scheduled to take place at the end of the month which should further assist delegations 
in preparing for the Global R eview.  
2.11.  On Trade Facilitation, the Committee was currently working on implementing the decisions 
and recommendations contained in the four -year review of the Trade Facilitation Agreement which 
was concluded in November. The Chair had also been informed that , at its recent April meeting, the 
Committee had adopted a Trade Facilitation Agreement Facility Framework outlining the relationship 
between the Committee and the Trade Facilitation Agreement Facility.  Regarding the implementation 
of the agreement, the ra te of implementation commitments stood at just under 75% for the entire 
Membership and just over 67% for developing countr y Members and LDCs. The rate of ratification 
remain ed at 94% with 9 Members still to ratify.  
2.12.  The representative of India delivered the  following statement:  
2.13.  I would like to touch upon two items : TRQ and PSH. On 31 March this year, based on 
consensus, a final agreement was reached and adopted in a special General Council session for the 
future operation of para graph  4 of the Bali Ministeri al Decision for the administration of TRQ 
underfills. A review of this mechanism was mandated under the Bali Ministerial Decision. Even 
though India had some concerns about the draft TRQ text, we joined the agreement in order not to 
come in the way of the consensus and this shows our firm commitment to the core principles of 
consensus -based decision -making at the WTO. The review of the decision was a Ministerial Decision 
to meet the needs of five  Members  in Annex B. But in the same Bali Ministerial Decision, it was 
mandated to find a permanent solution to  public stockholding by 2017. Unfortunately, despite more 
than 80 Members  from three large groups seeking for it, there is no substantial progress and 
obstacles are repeatedly given in the proponents ' pursuit. We have stated this before, and we 
reiterate that public stockholding has a clear ministerial mandate . Public stockholding negotiations 
must be on an accelerated , separate track. Any effort to link t his discussion with other pillars 
undermines the ministerial mandate. Unfortunately, the progress on finding the solution as per the 
mandate has not progressed and it has not progressed despite submissions by two large negotiating 
groups : the G-33 and the African Group.  
2.14.  The G-33's joint statement in September 2021 reiterated the need for expeditious resolution 
of a permanent solution on public stockholding at MC12. It reaffirms the G -33 members ' commitment 
and readiness to work with the rest of the Members  based on the elements contained in the proposal 
submitted by G -33 members. If the WTO Membership cannot deliver on the mandated issues of the 
past Ministerial meeting, its credibility comes under question. Competency of the WTO hinges on the 
implementatio n of the outcomes of the Bali and Nairobi Ministerial mandates, especially when the 
food security  issues have become pronounced due to the ongoing pandemic and the current crisis. WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Therefore, the WTO should get out of its self-imposed impasse in these unpre cedented times and 
redeem itself by delivering a permanent solution to PSH. We also take note of the Chair's  mention 
of India's notification to the Committee on Agriculture that it has exceeded the de -minimis level of 
market price support for rice, for the  market ing year 2018 -2019, 2019 -2020 and 2020-2021. In this 
regard , I refer to my previous statement s on this matter which are  kept on record.  
2.15.  The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
2.16.  Canada encourage s all Members who are supporting the extension of the moratorium and the 
work program me to consider co -sponsoring the draft  decision contained in document 
WT/GC/W/831 /Rev.5 in advance of MC12.  We believe it is important to send a clear signal to the 
interna tional community.  For more than 20 years, Members have been maintaining the moratorium, 
offering predictability and certainty to business and helping facilitate and support the growth of cross 
border digital trade.  Canada remains strongly convinced of the broad benefits that the moratorium 
have provided to both businesses and consumers. A non -renewal of the moratorium and the work 
program me would be a step -back, greater than before, given the increas ing role that digital trade 
has played through the pandemi c and will continue to play. Canada is looking forward to continuing 
our engagement with other Members on this important issue. We remain open to consider ways to 
further reflect in the draft decision some development -related aspects. We certainly welcome 
additional co -sponsors.  
2.17.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
2.18.  In Bali, Ministers instructed the TNC to work on the remaining D oha Development Agenda 
issues particularly on agriculture, development, S &DT as well as LDC issues . This work remains 
outstanding and is even more important in the context of the significant global challenges including 
the COVID -19 pandemic and the food crisis. The development mandate remains critical in efforts to 
promote sustainable economic recovery . The inability of the WTO to implement agreed decisions and 
mandates contributes to the inequity we see in benefits from the multilateral trading system . In 
order for the system to function , it has to address and respond to issues of concern especially to  the 
majority of its Members.  
2.19.  The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
2.20.  On the Bali Ministerial Decision on Public Stockholding , the European Union recalls the need 
to ensure the correct implementation of the Bali decision  and in particular, highlights the 
transparency aspects as part of the review in the regular Committee on Agriculture.  The European 
Union will continue to engage in a constructive spirit with all Members on finding a permanent 
solution on public stockholdi ng. The European Union supports launching a work programme at MC12  
on the issue of public stockholding for food security to continue negotiations post MC12, alongside 
other elements of the agricultural reform programme. On the Bali Ministerial Decision on Tariff Rate 
Quota Administration , we welcome the positive outcome r eached by the Membership on the long -
standing issue of the review of the 2013 Bali decision on the management of tariff rate quotas for 
agricultural products. This successful outcome certainly shows that the WTO can deliver , and the 
European Union hopes th is can invigorate our negotiations for MC12.  
2.21.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
2.22.  Nepal  associate s with the statement delivered by Chad on behalf of the LDC Group. We, the 
LDCs, have been experiencing  a low level of development d ividend not because of the absence of 
good decisions but because of the lack of effective implementation of legal provisions and decisions 
made in our home countries. In the  same way, international support measures have not been much 
effective as expected just because of  the absence of real delivery of global commitments on the 
ground . Implementation of past MC decisions in favour of the LDCs should be really in favour of poor 
and disadvantaged people of the LDCs across the globe.  My delegation thanks all Members who have 
sincerely been taking initiatives and making some progress in implementing those decisions.  
However, effective operationalization of service s waiver, simplifying rules of origin and others are 
still awaiting their full -fledged implementatio n. In this context, we underline the need to link the  
issue of implementation with the outcomes of MC12 as a continuation of Members ' commitment to 
effective implementation of past decisions in favour of LDCs and future follow up.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  2.23.  The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
2.24.  Concerning e -commerce, Switzerland together with Canada have been working on a draft 
decision that is supported by 65 Members in total. This draft, contained in document 
WT/GC/W/831 /Rev.5, is proposing to extend the Work Programme and Moratorium on Electronic 
Commerce.  The current global trade context calls for enhanced predictability and transparency for 
businesses and consumers. We strongly are of the view that Members should work on so lidifying the 
existing e -commerce regulatory framework, and Switzerland is a strong supporter for a permanent 
moratorium.  We believe however that the most realistic option for MC12 is to maintain the 
longstanding practice of extending the moratorium and th e work program me until the next MC. 
Switzerland acknowledges that some Members have questions about the effects of the digitalization 
of their economies and are concerned about how to answer to the digital divide. While we recognize 
the importance of the W ork Program me for developing Members, we do not share the view that the 
non-renewal of the moratorium, and the eventual use of traditional tariff measures will stimulate 
the digital economy. Instead, we believe it would create further uncertainty within th e multilateral 
trading system, and eventually open the way for new trade barriers that will negatively impact 
investment flows and domestic consumers.  Switzerland is looking forward to continuing our 
engagement with other Members on this important issue. W e remain open to consider ways to 
further reflect in the draft decision some development -related aspects. We certainly welcome 
additional co -sponsors.  
2.25.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
2.26.  Indonesia continues to reiterate its p riority and need to deliver on  the mandated  issues in  
agriculture  and fisheries subsidies at  MC12  in order  to fulfil the mandates  from Bali, Nairobi,  and 
Buenos  Aires.  We need to remain committed in delivering the mandated issues in order to remain 
credible and relevant. Indonesia believes that as Members of a rule s-based  organization,  our work 
is based  on mandates  that we have to adhere to. On Agriculture , if I could  make  a metaphor,  it is a 
house  with equally  sized pillars. To insinuate  that a cert ain pillar is not necessary  is akin  to wrecking 
one of the foundations supporting the said house and risking the collapse of the entire building.  On 
that note, we continue to maintain our position and priority that outcomes at the MC12 should also 
aim to achieve the establishment of a permanent solution on P SH and a comprehensive and balanced 
outcome on SSM.  Agriculture reform is urgently needed to create a fair and balance d discipline that 
addresses the impacts of the pandemic and the current global crisis in food security and livelihood 
security.  In fact, at the public seminar on food security organized by the WTO recently, one of the 
speakers high lighted the importance of PSH to many developing countries. PSH is needed to achieve 
multiple objectives, such as ensuring affordable access to food, stabilizing agricultural prices, and 
providing remunerative prices to enhance the purchasing power of farm ers. Moreover, the G -33, the 
African Group, and the ACP have engaged actively with Members in the outreach to discuss and 
brainstorm specific concerns on PSH.  We are hopeful that the agriculture negotiations could progress 
in the coming weeks, as we approa ch the MC12, particularly in achieving our longstanding homework 
on the permanent solution on PSH. It is our hope that the Chair 's text could reflect and accommodate 
our inputs and concerns.   
2.27.  On the fisheries subsidies  negotiations, in Buenos Aires, we hav e agreed to conclude a 
fisheries subsidies agreement by 2020 as part of the SDGs. That promise is long overdue.  We join 
others in express ing our appreciation to the Chair in the continuation of the negotiation s and we are 
prepared to ensure a successful "fish week ". In particular, we look forward to the discussions on 
S&DT in the coming days. With the collective commitment and flexibility from Members, we are 
hopeful that we can iron out our differences before MC12.  With that being said, at this juncture, I  
would like to convey a couple of concerns on the current fisheries negotiations, for your 
consideration . First, we have pledged through Agenda 2030 that no one will be left behind and that 
we will endeavor to reach the furthest behind first. In doing so, this discipline should aim to ensure 
the welfare and livelihood of the poor, including small scale and artisanal fishermen. Therefore, the 
idea of limiting S &DT flexibilities to small scale fishermen only to 12 nautical miles and not within 
our jurisdictio n, will not only undermine the right of Members under UNCLOS, but also breaking our 
promise under the SDGs.  Second, we believe that the de minimis based global marine catch criteria 
is not appropriate because it lacks the proportionality principle.  We do n ot oppose the idea of having 
some sort of limitation to the S &DT principle to cut subsidies, but we believe it should be based on 
a fairer and more proportional criteria. We encourage all Members to kindly reconsider their position 
on these issues.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  2.28.  The rep resentative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
2.29.  Pakistan recall s and echo es our previous statements under this item, and draw s attention to 
the severely lacking implementation record of previous Ministerial outcomes. With another Ministerial 
approaching in about five weeks, we must pay attention to this aspect if our outcomes are going to  
mean anything. As mentioned before, we ur ge the Chair to build a mechanism where the unfulfilled 
mandates and unimplemented decisions of the past are not only regularly highlighted but considered 
for rapid implementation. This would show the world that our Ministerial decisions carry value.  A 
good signal of our intentions would lie in delivering on longstanding unimplemented mandates from 
the DDA. Correcting imbalances in agriculture  and delivering on the G -90 proposals on S &DT, are 
only examples of issues that could dispel doubts and restore cred ibility. Development must remain 
the cornerstone of our efforts to enhance trade and implement WTO rules. Unfulfilled promises of 
the past, particularly on developmental issues should not continue to fail our people.  
2.30.  The representative of Chad, on behalf o f the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
2.31.  The LDC Group encourage s the adoption of the recommendations  that it  put forward in 
Members'  work last year on the MC12 Outcome Document dealing with Ministerial Decisions that 
were taken in favour of LDC s on the services waiver, preferential rules  of origin and duty -free quota -
free market access. The LDCs also encourage Members to agree on the recommendations they have 
put forward on strengthening the implementation of the Nairobi Ministerial Decision dea ling with 
preferential rules of origins in favour of LDCs.  
2.32.  The General Council took note  of the report and the statements  made . 
3  WORK PROGRAMME ON SMALL ECONOMIES – REPORT BY THE CHAIR OF THE 
DEDICATED SESSION OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT  
3.1.  The Chair recalled  that, in line with the agreement in the General Council in 2002, the Work 
Programme on Small Economies was a standing item on the agenda and the Committee on Trade 
and Development report ed regularly on the progress of work in  its Dedicated Sessions. In Buenos 
Aires, Ministers had reaffirmed their commitment to the Work Programme and had instructed the 
CTD to continue its work in Dedicated Sessions under the overall responsibility of the General 
Council. In this respect, the Ch air of the CTD provide d regular progress reports of the ongoing work 
in each regular meeting of the General Council. With the Ministerial Conference four weeks ahead, 
he recall ed that the General Council had agreed at its regular meeting in November 2021 t hat a 
draft decision in this area be forwarded to the Ministerial Conference for adoption by Ministers.  
3.2.  Ambassador Dwarka -Canabady (Mauritius), Chair of the Committee on Trade and 
Development , delivered the followi ng statement : 
3.3.  It will be recalled that, i n October 2021, the CTD's Dedicated Session on Small Economies 
agreed to a draft text for a Ministerial Decision at MC12 on the Work Programme on Small Economies . 
The draft Decision contains , inter alia, a  reaffirmation of Ministers ' commitment to the Work 
Programme on Small Economies. Note is taken of all the work conducted to date, and the CTD is 
instructed to continue its work in the Dedicated Session on Small Economies under the overall 
responsibility of the General Council. The D edicated Session is to continue monitoring the progress 
of the small economy proposals in WTO bodies and in negotiating groups with the aim of providing 
responses, as soon as possible, to the trade -related issues identified for the fuller integration of SV Es 
into the multilateral trading system.  In terms of future work in the Dedicated Session, the draft 
Decision instructs the WTO Secretariat to provide relevant information and factual analysis for 
discussion among Members on the topic of "integrating small  economies into the post COVID -19 
economy: effects of the pandemic, challenges and opportunities."  Last November, t he General 
Council  agreed to forward the draft Decision to the Ministerial Conference for adoption , and Members 
can therefore look forward to  the draft text being adopted by Ministers when MC12 takes place from 
12 to 15 June 2022.  
3.4.  In the meantime, the SVE Group recently submitted a proposal in the Dedicated Session, 
suggesting that work on i ntegrating small economies into the post COVID -19 eco nomy should 
advance , even if the draft Decision has as yet not been formally adopted by Ministers . The proposal 
by the SVE Group notes that, in the past, the WTO Secretariat  provided mandated information and WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  factual analysis in the form of background docum ents. Accordingly, the proposal contains an outline 
of a background document by the Secretariat on the topic of " Integrating Small Economies into the  
Post-COVID -19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities ." I am also pleased 
to repor t that a meeting of the Dedicated Session will be held on 20 May, at which the proposal by 
the SVE Group will be considered. If the Committee is in a position to agree to the proposal, the 
Secretariat can then begin the preparation of the background docume nt. In closing, let me echo my 
predecessor, Ambassador Piracha of Pakistan, in saying that the Work Programme on Small 
Economies is not only a very important part of the CTD's work, but is also important to the overall 
work of the WTO. I take this opportun ity to call on all Members to continue to engage in order  to 
frame responses to the trade -related issues identified for the fuller integration of SVEs into the 
multilateral trading system.   
3.5.  The representative of Guatemala , on behalf of the SVEs , delivered the following statement:  
3.6.  During its meeting in November  2021, the General Council agreed to forward the draft Decision 
on the Work Programme on Small Economies to the Ministerial Conference for adoption.  Due to the 
postponement of the Twelfth Ministerial C onference, this Decision shall be adopted by Ministers in 
June 2022. Nevertheless, the work on the topic: " Integrating Small Economies into the Post -COVID -
19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities ," needs to make progress. In 
order to start such work, the SVEs presented a proposal contained in document WT/COMTD/SE/W/44 
that contains an outline for a background document to be prepared by the WTO Secretariat, as 
agreed by Members. The proposed outline is a result of a process of consul tation within the group, 
with other Members as well as with the Secretariat. It is scheduled to be discussed, and hopefully 
approved, at the CTD Dedicated Session that will take place on 20 May. We hope to receive the 
support of the Membership in order to approve the outline to allow the WTO Secretariat to start 
working on the background note that is expected to serve as a basis for future discussions on the 
agreed topic.  
3.7.  The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , delivered the 
following statement:  
3.8.  We associate with the statements  by CARICOM and the SVEs. One of the early harvests prior 
to the postponement of MC12 last year was the Draft Ministerial Decision on the Work Programme 
on Small Economies contained in document WT/MIN(21)/W/3. We look forward to the continued 
support of Members in ensuring that we secure Ministerial adoption at MC12. We are also soliciting 
the support of Members for the approval of the SVE proposal in document WT/COMTD/SE/W/44, 
which for now  is an outline of a background document on "Integrating Small Economies into the  
Post-COVID -19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities. " Therefore, we 
are anticipating full and active participation by the membership when the CTD Dedi cated Session 
meets on 20 May 2022 to address this issue. We will use the opportunity presented on 20 May to 
speak more fully on this particular matter.  
3.9.  The representative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
3.10.  The CARICOM G roup aligns with the statement made by the SVEs. The disproportionate 
impacts of the COVID -19 pandemic continue to be felt by the SVEs in CARICOM.  We therefore 
welcome progression of work on the topic, "Integrating Small Economies into the  Post-COVID -19 
Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities " in advance of the Ministerial 
Conference.  Our countries have the unfortunate circumstance of being small and acutely vulnerable 
to environmental and economic shocks. Our limited productive bases  and other structural challenges 
are not of our own making, and when one choses to look beyond simple and antiquated income per 
capita metrics, one can therefore fully understand and appreciate the peculiar challenges that our 
countries face and the far re aching consequences that these have on our ability to develop.  We 
certainly value the Work Programme on Small Economies over the years in the CTD Dedicated 
Session, including the examination of topics of interest to us. However, this work can be made even 
more impactful should we integrate more meaningful actions to assist SVEs in overcoming their 
vulnerabilities, more fulsome integration into the multilateral trading system, and more systemically, 
the post -COVID 19 economy, including through SVE specific f lexibilities, and technical assistance 
and capacity building, that does not limit those WTO Members that are most vulnerable and require 
it, like those in CARICOM, from accessing critical assistance.  The CARICOM Group looks forward to 
the 20 May Dedicated Session on Small Economies and to engaging with all Members on this and 
other instalments of work on the Small Economies Work Programme.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  3.11.  The representative of  the Maldives  delivered the following statement:  
3.12.  We extend our support  to the proposal made by  the Ambassador of Guatemala as Chair of 
the SVEs to advance the discussion on th e topic "Integrating Small Economies into the Post -COVID -
19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities ". We thank the Chair of the 
SVEs for holding discussions with other Members and proposing an outline for the background 
document. The Maldives as a small and vulnerable economy welcome s the development of the 
background document. The Maldives like other SVEs are vulnerable to climate ch ange and sea -level 
rise which seriously impact  our economic development. We are also extremely vulnerable to 
exogenous shocks . Understanding the effects of COVID -19 on small economies, particularly related 
to international trade and market access , is there fore paramount for preserving the socioeconomic 
well-being and stability of SVEs. In this regard, w e reiterate the call to approve the outline of the 
background document to allow the WTO Secretariat to start working on the background note that is 
expected to serve as a basis for future discussions on  how the effects of the pandemic on small and 
vulnerable economies can be better understood.  
3.13.  The representative of Sri Lanka  delivered the following statement:  
3.14.  Sri Lanka associates with the statement made by the SVEs. We are pleased to know that the 
decision on the Work Programme on Small Economies aiming to integrate SVEs into the post -COVID -
19 economy, to tackle the challenges posed by the pandemic and to identify the challenges and 
opportunities for small eco nomies is likely to receive the concurrence. Sri Lanka therefore looks 
forward to the adoption of the Decision on the Work Programme on Small Economies at MC12 
particularly as it is also related to the start of discussions on the topic "Integrating Small E conomies 
into the Post -COVID -19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities ". We hope 
that this new Ministerial Decision will inject new life into the work programme and that we will be 
able to continue to discuss and identify solutions to better integrate SVEs into trade as we heard 
from the CTD Chair today . The background study envisages to present an area of findings and 
recommendations which are important to make progress on work under the work programme. The 
new development solution and approaches that are likely to derive from this background study will 
chart the course of pr osperity for people and their environment. This can only be achieved if we 
work together.  We will therefore  work with other interested Members and the Secretariat  to make 
progress  on this area  after MC12 based on this background study.  
3.15.  The representative o f Trinidad and Tobago  delivered the following statement:  
3.16.  We reaffirm the importance we attribute to the Work Programme on Small Economies. We 
are pleased that the Membership was able to agree last year to forward this draft Ministerial Decision  
to Minister s at MC12.  We hope that this will bring new momentum to our work under the work 
programme. We look forward to meaningful discussion s among the Membership including on the 
proposed background note during the dedicated session on 20 May.  
3.17.  The representative o f Cabo Verde  delivered the following statement:  
3.18.  We outline the importance of the completion of work by the CTD on small economies – 
including on the draft Ministerial Decision . We further hope that we can agree on the way forward 
on this matter at our 20 May meeting in order to address  the concerns of SVEs.  
3.19.  The representative of Vanuatu  delivered the following statement:  
3.20.  We associate with the statement made by the SVEs. T he work of  the CTD Dedicated Session 
is valuable to small and vulnerable  Members such as Vanuatu . We therefore look forward to the 
dedicated session to be convened on 20 May.  
3.21.  The representative of Ecuador  delivered the following statement:  
3.22.  We support the declaration made by the SVEs Coordinator and  nevertheless highlight the 
importance that this approach and this perspective holds  – not only for the general work that our 
organization undertakes, but also f or dealing with crosscutting issues such as those that we are 
looking at now, especially given the situation in Ukraine, where small and vulnerable economies are 
especially affected and impacted . WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  3.23.  The representative of Guyana  delivered the following stateme nt: 
3.24.  Guyana a ssociates with the statements by CARICOM and the SVEs.  We wish to highlight the 
importance of the work conducted under the Work Programme on Small Economies for Members  
such as Guyana that are subject to exogenous shocks cause d by COVID -19 and climate change. We 
therefore welcome the progression of the work on the topic "Integrating Small Economies into the 
Post-COVID -19 Economy: Effects of the Pandemic, Challenges and Opportunities ", in advance of the 
Ministerial Conference. Guyana looks forwar d to the 20 May Dedicated Session on Small Economies 
and to engaging with all Members on this and other work in the Small Economies Work Programme.  
3.25.  The General Council took note of the report of the Chair of the CTD  and of the statements.  
4  TWELFTH SESSION OF THE MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE – STATEMENT BY THE CHAIR  
4.1.  The Chair recalled that  he had  reported to Members on the 4 May at the Informal TNC/H ODs 
meeting on the main takeaways from his recent consultations held in Apri l, and his report had been  
circulated in JOB/TNC/103. As he had  indicated in his report, in th ose recent consultations, he had  
sought Members' views on a range of MC12 -related matters, including: the type and structure of a 
possible Ministerial outcome doc ument; the organization of work at the Conference, including the 
format of the plenary session; possible thematic sessions, including a general session focusing on 
the "Challenges Facing The Multilateral Trading System". While he referred delegations to document 
JOB/TNC/103 for his full report on the views expressed during the consultations, he focused on some 
key points that ha d an immediate bearing on Members' work as they prepare d for the Twelfth 
Ministerial Conference.  
4.2.  As he had report ed the previous  week, one of the main objectives of his recent consultations 
had been  to discuss the possible elements that could constitute an outcome document for the 
Conference. Based on the work undertaken in 2021  on the so -called outcome document in 
RD/GC/17/Rev.2, the first element could be a consensual part, followed by a second element that 
would contain a list of decisions, work programmes, separate declarations and reports. He had  also 
discussed with delegations the feasibility of a factual summar y by the Ministerial Conference Chair, 
under his own responsibility, of the discussions by Ministers throughout the Conference.  Taking 
account of the different views expressed during his consultations, and as he had  noted at the TNC 
meeting, he believe d it was best to focus work on the unfinished aspects of the outcome document 
on its own merit. In the consultations, and in the interventions at the Informal TNC/H ODs meeting, 
he had  heard many delegations acknowledging the considerable work undertaken on the  draft 
outcome document and stressing the importance of preserving t hose efforts to the extent possible.  
4.3.  In this regard, he  propose d to focus efforts first on the unfinished aspects of the draft outcome 
document, including WTO reform. He had already had s ome preliminary contacts on this matter 
since the TNC meeting, and he intend ed to begin this work immediately after this General Council 
meeting. Once this work was done, Members  would  also need to consider any other adjustments as 
necessary, including on the contextual part. To carry this work forward, he intend ed to work with 
groups and delegations in different formats and configurations – in an outcome -oriented manner. 
His door remai ned open should any delegation or group wish to discuss any matter related to the 
draft outcome document further. Like his predecessor, he would also rely on group coordinators to 
keep their constituencies abreast of progress and developments and to feed r elevant views and 
positions into their work as necessary – keeping in mind the importance of transparency and 
inclusiveness. Part 2 of the outcome document, which would contain the list of decisions, work 
programmes, separate declarations and reports, w ould evidently depend on the outcomes and 
results in the various work streams in WTO  bodies and processes.  
4.4.  Those had been the main points he had  wanted to make t hat day on the draft outcome 
document, and on how he saw that work c ould be carried forward takin g into consideration what he 
had heard from Members. He trusted this was acceptable.  As he had  noted at the Informal TNC/H ODs 
meeting and based on what he had  heard in his consultations, a separate Chair's summary under 
his own responsibility of the discus sions that Ministers would under take at the Conference remain ed 
an option for delegations if they consider ed it useful.  
4.5.  There were also some other aspects that he recall ed from his repor t. In his consultations, he 
had also touched upon the organization of work at the Conference and, in particular, the format of WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  the plenary. As  he had  indicated in his report  the previous week , the working assumption was that 
statements that were traditionally made in plenary sessions wo uld be pre -recorded and broadcast ed 
on the WTO website during the event and played on various screens on the WTO  premises 
throughout the Conference.  This was to respond to Members' calls for a streamlined, business -like 
Conference and address the capacity constraints of the WTO premises. As Members had  seen, the 
Secretariat ha d started issuing relevant information notes to Members and further information w ould 
be provided in due course. In terms of the Conference schedule, he had  also reported that another 
matter that he had  discussed and had reviewed with delegations in the course of his consultations 
had been  the possibility of a session after the opening of the Conference to allow Ministers to discuss 
in a closed, informal setting the "Challenges Facing t he Multilateral Trading System". The 
Director -General and he continue d consulting and exploring this option in so far as it could  contribute 
to the business -like unfolding of the meeting.  In his report, he had  also mentioned that delegations 
had shared dif ferent views about the nature or mode of the Conference – stocktaking vs . negotiating, 
and he had also noted that several delegations had stressed the need to have clarity on this as soon 
as possible to prepare their Ministers. In this regard, he recall ed that the Director -General and he 
believe d that it would be useful to convene a stocktaking meeting at the beginning of June so as to 
structure the agenda of the Ministerial Conference and to guide the engagement of Ministers.   
4.6.  Those were, in a nutshell, the key points he had  wished to highlight as th ose ha d an immediate 
bearing on the work ahead. If any delegation ha d any further views, suggestions or comments to 
add, he would be happy to receive and discuss them. He likewise stres sed that it was not only 
Members'  shared objective but more importantly, their shared prerogative to make this Ministerial 
Conference meaningful. To this end, he called on all of them to intensify efforts to prepare and 
finalize as much as they could in the weeks ahead before Ministers arrive d. He also recall ed that he 
intend ed to consult on the E-Commerce Work Programme and Moratorium in the coming weeks. He 
would  reach out to delegations to this end in due course.  He recall ed that, at its meeting on 
22-23 November 2021, the General Council had agreed to forward two draft decisions for adoption 
by Ministers, one on the Work Programme on Small Economies, that they had already discussed, 
and the other on TRIPS Non-Violation and Situation Complaints. Th ose had been circulated in 
WT/MIN(21)/W/3 and WT/MIN(21)/ W/4, respectively. He noted that  the MC12 provisional agenda, 
which had already  been issued before the postponement of MC12, ha d been re -issued on 6 May  in 
document WT/MIN(22)/W/1 to take into account the new dates. This document contain ed the 
standard Ministerial Conference agenda in line with the Rules of Procedure.  In terms of the format 
and organization of work at the Conference, as the Director -Gener al had said , thematic sessions  
would be held  during MC12, and the Director -General and he would be speaking with the Chairs and 
delegations in the next days to work out the specific modalities.  
4.7.  The representative of Ukraine  delivered the following statemen t: 
4.8.  I would like to express our gratitude to the Secretariat and the WTO Members for the work 
done ahead of MC12. We acknowledge tireless efforts of many delegations and Chairs in drafting the 
text of the outcome document, including in response to the COVID -19 pandemic.  We all recognize 
the disastrous effect the COVID -19 pandemic on multilateral trade and the urgent need to overcome 
its repercussions. At the same time, we are confident that the impact of the full -scale war, launched 
by the Russia n Federation , with its catalytic effect on international trade will be no less horrendous, 
than that of the COVID -19. We , as WTO Members , are not in the position to ignore the current 
geopolitical situation, which already has critical implications for global economy, trade and the 
multilateral trading system. The WTO needs to play its important role in deliver ing solutions to 
current and long -term challenges.  As we see references to the grave consequences of the COVID -
19 pandemic and to the need for global solidarity to address them, the repercussions of Russia's 
brutal assault on Ukraine should be acknowledged in light of new challenges and treats to economic 
and trade systems.  To remain relevant, the WTO needs to deliver a clear and comprehensive 
message on the root causes of global instability and we need to work together to find the best 
possible solutions to overcome most pending issues, including on food security.  
4.9.  We are committed to finalize and adopt the outcome document at MC12 that would be reflect ive 
of the current state of play and would facilitate necessary solutions.  Thus, we would endorse the 
work of the WTO Members on the adoption of the key decisions and work programmes as well as 
reports that will constitute Part II of the outcome document.  On this matter, Ukraine remains firm 
in assigning agriculture as a priority sector. Substantial reform in agriculture should remain a core 
pillar for our common goal of holding a successful MC12. In this regard , we remain committed and , 
now more than eve r, encourage all Members to support the initiative on the exemption of the World WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Food Programme humanitarian purchases from export restrictions that can deliver concrete actions 
to address food crises and help to overcome hunger.  Ukraine remains a strong sup porter of the 
moratori a on customs duties on electronic transmissions and on TRIPS non-violation  and situation  
complaints.  We need to deliver results on fisheries subsidies and intensify work to progress the 
reform of the dispute settlement system and the WTO more broadly.  This Ministerial Conference 
comes at a very difficult time for the global community. Our work here should therefore contribute 
to the achievement of concrete results that would promote the development of an effective joint 
response to the  current crisis.  We look forward to working with WTO Members on the issues outlined.  
4.10.  The representative of China  delivered the following statement:  
4.11.  As we count down to MC12, we hope that all relevant information, especially on Ministers ' 
activities could be circulated as early as possible, as detailed as possible and as certain as possible. 
In the meantime, to avoid any surprise, those non -traditional  events should be consulted with 
Members before making any decision. In this regard, I  thank the Chair for your consultations . I 
would not repeat what I said in the TNC meeting last week, just highlight four points.  First, on 
outcome document. We support t o have a kind of Ministerial Declaration as far as possible. We are 
flexible to have a Chair 's summary on issues that consensus cannot be reached, including on 
remaining negotiations. But if we are going to have such a Chair 's summary, it should  not be 
politicized but should focus on WTO business  and it should reflect Members'  views in a balanced 
way. All Members'  voices should be heard.  Second,  on the closed -door session  right after the 
opening ceremony , we understand this is a session for Ministers to foc us on the  multiple  challenges 
facing the multilateral trading system. It can be anticipated that most Ministers would like to ask for 
the floor. We understand it will be "TNC meeting style " but chaired by the MC12 Chair with a three-
minute limitation for e ach intervention.  Third,  on the plenary statement , we still believe in -person 
format is the best way for Ministers as this is an in -person Ministerial Conference, especially in the 
current difficult situation.  Finally, as the world is facing compounded cri sis, it has been noted that 
trade measures are becoming inward -looking and even politicized. Growing restrictive measures 
have severe impacts on economic recovery, supply chain and food security. We hope the coming 
MC12 could send a strong signal that WTO Members recommit to pursuing open and free market, 
and refraining from taking such restrictive measures as far as possible.  
4.12.  The representative of Namibia  delivered the following statement:  
4.13.  At the outset, Namibia a ssociates with  the statement to be  made by the African Group and 
the ACP. We express our  sincere appreciation to the Director -General and to you , Chair, for your 
hard work and efforts to ensure that MC12 becomes a success. Namibia remains committed to 
multilateralism as  a way to promote equitable development, growth and prosperity fo r Members. As 
such, the Conference must deliver to respond to the l ongstanding  issues  including on agriculture 
and fisheries to benefit our people. We must renew our commitment to the Doha De velopment 
Agenda  and Buenos Aires mandates which at the core aims to mould  the multilateral trading system 
that should deliver on re dressing imbalance s in economic development across the Members hip. We 
need to help e conomies address social economic challen ges such as the COVID -19 pandemic, 
poverty, hunger, diseases, unemployment as well as migration issues. Our efforts must lead to the 
creation of a fair, equitable, multilateral trading system that enables developing Members  create 
opportunities for their p eople as described from the ACP Group as well as the African Group. In so 
doing, the WTO must continue to recognize the different levels of economic development among its 
Members despite the challenging times through the provision of  flexibilities for deve loping Members  
to create opportunities for industriali zation and diversification of the ir economies.  
4.14.  The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
4.15.  The African Group expresses its appreciation to you , Chair,  for your efforts undertaken to 
bring about the very smooth organi zation of MC12. The Group considers that this Conference is 
taking place to enable our Ministers  to take stock of actions that have been carried out since MC11 
in Buenos Aires  while also setting the agenda for the year s to come. We are particularly keen to 
ensure that the Conference can meet the longstanding demands of our people on agriculture which 
is the heart of our concerns. We should not postpone  delivery on core issues on the tab le for some 
undefined future moment . With this in mind, the African Group  has made proposals on public 
stockholding, food security, domestic support as well as SPS and SSM. Without prejudice to  the 
response to the pandemic and fisheries, which we will addr ess later, we would like to see progress  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  being made on agriculture negotiations. It is likewise  important that we focus on address ing issues 
within ou r mandate . It is also essential for all matters to be resolved  ahead of MC12 so  that our 
Ministers will not be obliged to negotiate. There is therefore need for diligent work as of now in 
tackling these matters to enable us to reach consensus. Due to logistical constraints, we should bear 
in mind that some delegations may experience difficult ies in participati ng in some discussions at 
MC12 . Lastly, there is a need for a transparent and inclusive approach to seeking consensus that is 
truly representative of the diversity of the Membership and the multiplicity of views. Rest assured 
that we will work constructive ly with all those who wish to do so to make MC12  a success.  
4.16.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
4.17.  We associate with the statements by the LDCs, Article XII Members and LLDCs. We have just 
about a month for MC12 . We therefore  need to prioritize work areas and redouble our efforts in a 
more productive and constructive manner to make MC12 a great success. This is going to be a 
Ministerial after 5 years, and a Ministerial with some outcomes after 7 years.  We could not achieve 
tangible results in MC11 and I emphasize that  we should not repeat the same. In this context, my 
delegation wishes to propose four points . First, we should resume our work on the outcome 
document and finalize it at the earliest possible to provide sufficient time for our Ministers to digest 
it. Second, effective multilateral response to the pandemic by integrating diverse interests and 
concerns is urgent. A ccess to vaccines and other medical goods with a special priority to LDCs and 
LLDCs, smooth trade and tra nsit facilitation, TRIPS waiver, and a concrete recovery package for 
LDCs, among others should feature in the MC12 outcome on pandemic response. Third, prioritizing 
our work mainly in two categories, such as deliberation  on (i) deliverables  by MC12, and (ii) work 
beyond MC12 may be helpful to  manage our efforts in a result -focused manner. For instance,  
fisheries subsidies negotiation s, some parts of agriculture negotiations, getting a mandate o n WTO 
Reform with a workable modality and scope, and decision on  LDC graduation, among others , would 
be some priority areas of deliberation  for possible deli verables . Finally, transparency, inclusivity, 
broad -based approach, prompt information sharing, and integration of interest and concerns of all 
groups of Members i n the process of holding the Ministerial and in deliberation of its outcomes have 
significant value not only to deliver but also to own and implement the outcomes. My delegation 
stands ready to engage constructively in the process leading to the meaningful  results at MC12.  
4.18.  The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , delivered the 
following statement:  
4.19.  We a ssociate with the statements by CARICOM and the ACP.  We applaud the Director -
General 's commitment to transparency and inclusivity which are two of the bedrock principles on 
which we base our membership in the WTO. We also thank you Chair for your statement and your 
own commitment to keeping us informed. We wish to reiterate our support for  the convening of 
MC12 from 12  to 15 June 2022. The gap between ministerial conferences, including the gap since 
we have had a Ministerial Declaration, is unprecedented in the history of the WTO.  We are hoping 
to contribute to important decisions in Fisher ies Subsidies, Reform, the TRIPS Waiver, WTO Response 
to the Pandemic, Agriculture, E -Commerce and many other areas of interest to us. However, it is 
also important for Ministers to come to Geneva to send a strong political statement to the rest of 
the wor ld that the multilateral trading system, with the WTO at its core, remains an important 
platform from which to tackle many of the world 's challenges. The OECS renews its call for Members 
to demonstrate flexibility in our negotiations ahead of MC12. We also  urge that due care and 
attention be paid to those issues which are of particular interest to developing and least developed 
Members.  
4.20.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
4.21.  We associate with the statement s by the African Gro up and the ACP. We recall our statement 
to the TNC with regard to our priorities for MC12 including the context in which MC12 will be held 
which I will not repeat. I will focus my intervention on the outcome document. With regard to the 
outcome document , we are of the firm view that an outcome document will receive consensus if it 
focuses on mandated issues. We should work towards a consensus ministerial declaration to the 
extent possible and this is possible if we avoid the political issues. If a Chair's Text becomes an 
option , it should be a separate document under the Chair's responsibility and should not be in the 
Part 3 of the consensus text. We agree with you , Chair, on the need for a stocktaking meeting so 
that we can assess where we are on the negoti ating issues including reflecting on potential outcomes 
for MC12. We also recall the sentiments of those that spoke before us, that we must try and conclude WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  the outcomes as much as we can so that Ministers can consider what is agreed because we do not 
envisage a negotiating ministerial under the current circumstances.  
4.22.  The representative of Thailand  delivered the following statement:  
4.23.  I would like to touch on the proposal concerning the  Ministerial Conference . From our point 
of view, we would be happy to go a long with the majority if they decide to come up with certain 
formats. At this stage, we are a little bit uncertain about the closed session that you , Chair,  have 
mentioned  – including on the type  of topics or issues that we are going to  be able to raise t here 
because I have to prepare my Minister. This is just a minor part. We look forward to listening to 
further clarification of your expectation as well as  that of Members' regarding  the closed session.  
Last week, I already talked about our expectation on the fisher ies subsidies  and agriculture issues . 
Today, I would just like to mention two issues which are also very important to my delegation. These 
are food security and global value chain issues. While  we are  not a powerhouse like Brazil where 1 
out of 10 people in the world are fed with Brazil ian food, Thailand is  also a major player and a major 
exporter of food. Having said that , we are also currently experiencing some difficulties  similar to 
what Ambassador Parola has just explained . We are seeing increased food prices in Thailand quite 
a lot due to input  scarcity . We therefore think that, in the next few months or even next year , the 
severity of food shortage and problems on food production will continue to reflect on food prices and 
inflation – which in turn will very much affect the  livelihood of people  around the worl d. The world  
is just in the process of seeing how serious this problem  will be.  We should try to contribute  and 
participate in finding a solution by having an outcome from the WTO which is practical and should 
not be politicized . That is my  plea. It is too important to be ignored and to be used as a bargaining 
negotiating issue.  
4.24.  The TNC and the NGR Chairs  used to say we have taken 20 years to negotiating fisheries that 
most fish have gone by now. In the area of the pandemic , we have taken m ore than 2 years and 
now the pandemic or at least COVID -19 is going away. Not many people are wearing masks today. 
We cannot stay back and wait until people have no food to eat. That is a very important development 
that is unfolding now. I hope if there ar e any discussion s on food security issues, Members will come 
with an open mind and try to achieve something. We have already said that this a short term end 
of the structural long term issues. I do not know what kind of outcome or even the venue or how 
this issue will be discussed – whether it is in the outcome document or it will be a separate track of 
discussion. Thailand would be very much interested to participate in these discussions  and we look 
forward to having the WTO producing something which is me aningful, timely and practicable. On the 
backlog of global supply chains,  since we have become a major trader , this has become a very 
important issue  – no boats nor other modes of transportation.  This is persisting even after COVID -
19. I am not sure that t his issue is proper for the WTO to address as a whole. Maybe we can help 
do something as the DG and DDG Annabel has been trying to do through  some workshop s for several 
months now. I just raised this issue Members' for attention. Maybe we can take a look at  the Trade 
Facilitation Agreement or some other rules that can be a starting point for the WTO to address th is 
important structural issue. It is not only a short term problem . In the long term , it should be given 
some serious attention to ensure tha t global supply chain s are not blocked when we have a serious 
problem.  I will leave further discussion s on this issue in  your capable hands , Chair . We highly believe 
in you , the Director -General  and DDGs as well as our Facilitator on Pandemic  Response , Amb assador 
Dacio  Castillo . We hope that your collaboration will help us achieve great outcomes at MC12.  
4.25.  The representative of the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
4.26.  Let me thank the Ukrainian Trade Minister for joining us this afternoon. To hea r from him of 
the challenges facing his country reminds us of the context in which we are operating today and will 
be operating at the Ministerial. As you know, as a country, we will continue to take any action that 
we consider necessary both to support Uk raine, its economy, its people, its government in this hour 
of need,  and also to protect our own essential security interests including measures or actions to 
suspend concessions or other obligations with respect to the Russian Federation. I suppose the ot her 
part of that picture is, as we discussed last week at the TNC, that Russia's actions have been a 
challenge to the multilateral system, to our expectations of behaviour between States, to the values 
that we hold in common and to the values that underpin  this organization as other parts of the 
Bretton Woods Institutions. So , for our part, it remains essential that at next month's Ministerial, 
we secure results right across the four pillars of our work here  that we have discussed today to show 
that the WTO  is a flourishing part of a resilient multilateral system, that the rules we uphold are 
ones that we support and that we have a vision too for the future  for an organization that is able WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  and willing to address the great issues of our time including those o f the global commons that are 
so important to the people who elect our governments and the businesses that we seek to serve.  
4.27.  The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
4.28.  The ACP Group reaffirms its commitmen t and will contribute constructively towards a 
successful convening of MC12. It is important that we manage our expectations for MC12 in light of 
the limited time available for preparation and the difficult political environment within which we 
operate.  At the same time, we re -emphasize that Members should not close the possibility that an 
opportunity may present itself to maximi ze the benefits to be derived from such an important 
engagement among Ministers.  We therefore invite the WTO 's membership to mak e the best use of 
the remaining four weeks for preparation, to ensure a realistic and manageable Conference. The 
preparatory process should be inclusive, transparent and open, and accommodates the capacity 
constraints of our members given our small delegat ions. Ministers should not be placed in a position 
to negotiate intensively in Geneva as we know, from history, that this option is usually unproductive. 
Hence, we will have to prepare the ground as much as possible ahead of the Ministerial Conference.  
4.29.  The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
4.30.  Canada thanks the Deputy Minister of Trade of Ukraine for his intervention. We must never 
forget that Russia's attacks are causing widespread suffering and resulting in the death of innocent 
people in Ukraine. Canada condemns the military actions by the Russian Federation against the 
sovereign territory and people of Ukraine. Furthermore, we continue to reject any suggestion that 
Russia's war is only a political issue and that the WTO should not b e involved in political issues. As 
Ukraine has made clear to the General Council , Russia's illegal invasion is having a significant 
negative impact on Ukraine's ability to participate in the work of the WTO and benefit from the world 
trading system. In add ition, the WTO exists as a rules-based organization and Russia's illegal actions 
demonstrate a complete disregard for the most fundamental tenets  of international law. The 
consequences of Russia's actions have already extended well beyond Ukraine's borders  making it 
even more clearly a direct concern to every Member represented here. Russia's actions are hindering 
the global economic recovery from COVID -19 and negatively impacting global food security. Turning 
to MC12, Canada would like to be clear that the  lesson we take from these egregious  violations by 
Russia of International Law is that multilateral rules are more important than ever. Canada remains 
steadfast in its commitment to the ideals and objectives of the WTO and we will continue to work 
towards outcomes at MC12.  
4.31.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
4.32.  India recall s our statement during the TNC meeting on this subject. India looks forward to a 
successful Ministerial that will achieve concrete deliverables both on the critica l issue confronting the 
world today  – that is the current food crisis and the ongoing pandemic, as well as long pending 
mandated issues such as a permanent  solution to PSH. Chair, a s you have pointed out , taking note 
of the current circumstances in which M C12 is being held, we should try to finalize as many 
deliverables as possible before the commencement of MC12 so that we do not overburden our 
Ministers with a negotiating agenda during the Ministerial itself. We thank you for restarting the 
negotiations o n the outcome document and my delegation will engage constructively to achieve a 
consensus -based Ministerial Declaration. We must close the remaining outstanding paragraphs and 
have the final outcome ready before MC12. Let me reiterate what I said during t he TNC meeting on 
a Chair's Summary Text. We do not favour nor support it as we still feel that we should strive and 
work towards a consensus -based document. We hope everyone will strive with equal sincerity to 
achieve a consensus -based Ministerial Declaration. As we go along , we would appreciate more clarity 
on the nature  of the ministerial , whether it is negotiating or non -negotiating, so that we can  properly 
prepare  our Ministers for the Ministerial to best utilize their presence here i n Geneva. I know it is 
difficult but details on thematic sessions as quickly as possible will help us in moving forward . 
4.33.  The representative of Kenya  delivered the following statement:  
4.34.  Kenya a ssociates with the statements by the African Group and the ACP. W hile we are 
optimistic and looking forward to the reconvening of MC12, we are cognisant of the prevailing 
realities and consequences of the COVID -19 pandemic as well as the geopolitical situation which 
unfortunately dictates the context of the forthcoming Ministerial Conference. Even though we WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  understand that MC12 will not be business as usual , we believe that it will provide an auspicious 
opportunity for Ministers to reinvigorate the much -required momentum and provide direction to 
move the multilateral tra ding system to the final level. As we focus on the preparations for MC12, 
we must be pragmatic and pay attention to what is achievable in the current circumstances but also 
leave room for other possibilities during the Ministerial segments. We support cons tructive 
engagement leading to the conclusion of the outcome document whose content should reflect the 
current realties and incorporate the common interest of all Members.  
4.35.  The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
4.36.  We associate with the statements by the African Group and the ACP. We are of the view that 
the outcome document should be balanced and should tackle the matters of priority to the 
Membership on the particular challenges that the world is facing these days. We  agree with the 
proposed structure for the MC12 outcome document and prefer that in the case where a Chair 's 
Summary is needed that it would come separate from the outcome document. Chai r, we welcome 
your suggestion to convene a stocktaking meeting on 2 Ju ne to ensure a successful MC12 . We call 
for maximizing the efficient use of the remaining few weeks and we are committed to work ing with 
all Members to have a successful outcome at MC12. We emphasize that we are  keen on having a 
meaningful, timely and practical outcome on the issue of food security. Like others , we agree on the 
significance of the current global food security problem that needs to be tackled in MC12, and we 
believe that the current imbalances in the Agreement on Agriculture should be addressed in order 
to enable the most vulnerable Members, especially NFIDCs and LDCs with the proper policy tools to 
ensure their food security given that this act is minimal or non -trade distortive. We base our 
asses sment on the findings and research undertaken by FAO and other relevant international 
organizations which are supportive to this cause. We are also of the view that reform, as stated in 
Article XX of the Agreement on Agriculture , should be tackled in a man ner that takes into 
consideration the non -trade-related food security dimensions in developing countries, especially 
NFIDCs and LDCs. Let me reiterate that any outcome on food security needs to : (i) unlock the policy 
tools required by NFIDCs and LDCs to pr oduce for their food security objectives; (ii) refrain from 
creating unnecessary burdens  and commitments on the most vulnerable Members, including NFIDCs 
and LDCs; and, (iii)  allow them to impose export prohibitions or restrictions insofar as they are 
relevant to their food security objectives. My delegation is preparing some elements on possible 
solutions with regard to enhance food security, especially for NFIDCs and LDCs and the most 
vulnerable economies. In this regard, we are open to discuss with inter ested delegations on the form 
and substance of what could come out of MC12 and on what should  be examined during a longer 
timeframe as part of the work programme of relevant Committees after MC12.  
4.37.  The representative of the United States  delivered the follo wing statement:  
4.38.  The United States thanks Ukraine for its statement and reiterates our strong support for 
Ukraine and its people. As we have said before, the actions of Russia are incompatible with the rules -
based system we have built and worked to improve.  Russia's conduct in perpetrating a war of 
aggression against Ukraine undermines the rights of Ukraine in this organization and is 
fundamentally incompatible with the values and principles of the WTO. On preparations for MC12, 
as we have said before, we ar e flexible on the format of documents and are comfortable with the 
general planning that you , Chair,  have laid out. However, we echo others who have requested more 
detailed agenda as soon as possible including on the thematic sessions. We are in a differen t situation 
now than we were in November given that the COVID restrictions have abated in many places, been 
lifted in many places. Our Ministers are much more active and travelling a lot more and therefore 
that makes our work getting them prepared for this  Ministerial Conference a little bit harder than 
when they were basically all stuck at home back in November. So, clarity on what we should be 
preparing them on as soon as possible will not just help us prepare them but also assure that we 
can have a succe ssful Ministerial Conference.  
4.39.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
4.40.  The original proposal , if I understand correctly , to have the final text in three sections was a 
very clever way to bring together Nairobi and Buenos Aires. The Nairobi Ministerial Declaration was 
able to capture divergences . In Buenos Aires , there was no Ministerial Declaration, only a Chair 's 
Text. Chair, y our proposal , if I understand correctly , would be a way to clean the Ministerial 
Declaration from divergences and preserve the political space for Members to say what they really 
believe in the Chair's Text. I am afraid that in the absence of this third part , two outcomes are WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  unlikely: one is th at there will be no Ministerial Declaration because the price of consensus may be 
meaninglessness for capitulation . Not all delegations are ready to embark in any of those bets. So, 
we should reflect very carefully about having a Chair's Text because that is a very productive way 
to capture divergences.  In the absence of this, the Ministerial Declaration will have divergences . I 
think it is inevitable . I think it is the right of Members to express what they believe and not every 
Member is ready to sacrifice  their position in name of a consensus that is understood as unanimity.  
4.41.  The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
4.42.  The European Union refers to its statement at the recent TNC meeting. We will recap a few 
issues . On the MC1 2 outcome document, the European Union is ready to work on the three -part 
approach that you , Chair,  have outlined. At this juncture, we need to focus on Parts 1 and 2. We will 
consider a potential Part 3 (Chair 's assessment) depending on whether it would b e necessary as well 
as its potential content. It would be important to have a session on the afternoon of 12 June where 
Ministers can express their views on the geopolitical situation. Russia 's illegal and unjustified invasion 
of Ukraine adds to the comple xity of preparing and organi zing MC12. The European Union stands 
and will stand by Ukraine and its people and remains committed to upholding Ukraine 's sovereignty, 
independence and territorial integrity. Despite these challenges, we have to get to work now .  
4.43.  The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
4.44.  MC12 will be an important occasion to reignite momentum towards action that takes forward 
the WTO 's longstanding important work. We support having a streamlined, business -like conference 
as has been suggested by the General Council Chair and the Director -General. We also think that it 
is a practical idea to have a dedicated session on the challenges facing the multilateral trading 
system  after the opening session. While we will not repeat our  TNC statement today, we will continue 
to engage in the negotiation s to deliver concrete outcomes  at MC12 , including the discussion on the 
outcome document under the leadership of the General Council Chair. The WTO is an important pillar 
of the international system for the past several decades, and the WTO is expected to cope with the 
global crisis and challenges all the time. The COVID -19 response and current crisis of food and 
supply chains mainly caused by Russian unlawful aggression to Ukrain e should be part of outcomes 
and messages from the ministerial meeting.  We should work hard in the next few weeks to prepare 
concrete outcomes as much as possible before MC12. We support the idea of having a stocktaking 
meeting in early June as the GC Chai r suggested to structure and finalize the agenda.  
4.45.  The representative of the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
4.46.  On the substantiv e aspects of the outcome document, I welcome the resumption of our work.  
I would like to add my voice to thos e delegations that say we should not, in any circumstances, 
backtrack on what we have agreed so far.  Instead, we should concentrate on the unresolved issues.  
One important unresolved issue is WTO Reform.  What reform means could be different for all 
Members . However, I believe we need to revitalize the three pillar-functions of the WTO and we 
should work towards a viable work plan for post MC12 to reach a concrete outcome by MC13.  
Regarding the format of the MC12 outcome document, my delegation is ready to g o along with the 
Chair's suggestion.  Under the current geopolitical circumstances, Korea finds it practical, if not ideal, 
to have the outcome document consisting of three  different parts, if needed, including a factual 
report prepared under the Chair's re sponsibility.  We must face the realities looming over us and find 
innovative options, and I believe the Chair's  proposal fits this purpose. My delegation will continue 
to engage actively with others and constructively participate in future discussions.  
4.47.  The representative of Mauritius  delivered the following statement:  
4.48.  I associate with the statement s by the African Group and the ACP. The outcome document 
from our perspective should be something that is not bulky and that is action -oriented and we should 
try and finali ze it as early as possible. Should we not be able to generate consensus on the Ministerial 
Declaration and need to go for a Chair's Summary, we may need to reflect a little bit on the 
parameters that guide th e latter.  In any event, w e should ensure that whatever outcome document  
would result from this process, that it would reflect all perspectives that have been put forward by 
Members  in the discussions  and should adequately reflect the evolution of negotiations that have 
taken place. This being said , we look forward to working constructively with all  Members  for a 
positive outcome at MC12.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  4.49.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
4.50.  During the TNC meeting , we made our views known . We just want to add our voice by 
associating with the statements by the African Group and the ACP. We commend the Chair and the 
Director -General for  what you  both have done so far to ensure that  MC12 take s place because we 
knew what actually happened when there w ere mixed feelings of whet her MC12 would be held soon 
or not . With the tireless efforts  of both of you  to bring us together , and with our support , MC12 will 
become a reality. My simple suggestion is that , since we are all putting our commitment to ensure 
that MC12 will take place  and our target is to have a very successful one with fruitful outcomes , the 
structure and the format of MC12 must be simplified. With the  issues that are before us , we must 
not be  too ambitious . We must lower those ambitions so that Ministers  can agree on them at MC12.  
I agree with the suggest ion of having pre -recorded statements in lieu of the usual plenaries. This 
will help to ease some tension and  maximize the use of the facilit ies during the Ministerial . On the 
thematic sessions, we need to have more clarity on those in good time so that we can prepare our 
capital -based officials coming, especially the Ministers, to know what they will actuall y do – which 
in turn can enable us to ensure success  at Mc12 . We must not really allow any kind of deadlock for 
this Ministerial. Our structure and strategy should therefore  be streamlined and targeted in a very 
simple way . In this regard, the stocktaking meeting prior to MC12 is a good idea  as well as lowering  
ambition and be ing targeted on achieving outcomes to ensure success at MC12.  
4.51.  The representative of Guyana  delivered the following statement:  
4.52.  At the outset , we associate with the statements  by CARICOM and the ACP.  Guyana wishes to 
reaffirm its commitment to contributing towards a substantive and successful MC12. It is important 
that we continue to manage our expectations especially given the current political environment.  We 
must however also consider that the WTO is at a critical junctu re to deliver on key issues such as 
the pandemic response, WTO reform and fisheries subsidies , among others. It is therefore important 
that we make the best use of the remaining four weeks in the lead up to the conference and continue 
to consider creative ways and proposals on how we can ensure a realistic and manageable 
conference that can deliver tangible outcomes on key issues. Perhaps , it is my inherent optimism 
but I do believe that , with dedication and constructive engagement , we can get the work done.  
4.1  WTO Response to the Pandemic – Report by the Facilitator  
4.53.  Ambassador Dacio Castillo (Honduras), Facilitator o n the WTO Response to the Pandemic , 
delivered the following statement5:  
4.54.  Since I started as Facilitator on the WTO's pandemic response,  I have provided reports on my 
consultations to the Membership on two occasions – that is, at the 29 March Informal GC and the 4 
May Informal TNC and HoDs. These reports have been circulated as JOB/GC/298 and JOB/TNC/103, 
respectively. Since my report at l ast week's informal TNC/HoDs, I continued my outreach to a 
number of delegations including Jamaica (ACP), the 278 Co -Sponsors, the United Kingdom, the Co -
Sponsors of the Trade and Health Initiative and Group Coordinators. In my series of conversations, 
I encouraged delegations to provide comments to the EU -US text including any essential elements 
that they believe are missing from it and also do the same for the text that the ACP and 278 Co -
Sponsors are working on. I also requested the sponsors of texts to socialize them as soon as possible. 
I have also been requesting delegations to make effort to streamline texts and merge them wherever 
possible so that we can start building convergence on a single document.  
4.55.  This has become an urgent task as we have very l imited time left. My hope is that delegations 
will use this week to finalize the socialization of their texts, provide comments or inputs and merge 
wherever possible so that we can start negotiating on a single text next Monday, 16 May. In this 
regard, I n ote that the TRIPS Waiver process will also intensify during this period, and I will 
coordinate with the TRIPS Council Chair to ensure that both processes are manageable for 
delegations to the extent possible. Finally, GC Chair, in the invitation letter fo r MC12 – you, the 
Director -General and the MC12 Chair conveyed to Ministers that a comprehensive and balanced WTO 
response to this and future pandemics is an area that should not wait any longer. I cannot agree 
more. Therefore, my hope is that the work amo ngst delegations this week progresses well, given 
that my intention is to intensify multilateral work in various configurations – that is, bilaterals, small 
groups, representative group and meetings of the full Membership – starting 16 May, leading up to 
 
5 The Facilitator's statement was subsequently circulated in document JOB/GC/303.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  the next General Council and MC12. In the meantime, my door remains open to any delegation that 
wishes to discuss any matter with me.  
4.56.  The representative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
4.57.  I am delivering this statement on behalf of the CARICOM Group and in relation to Agenda 
Items 4 and 4A. We have heard calls for MC12 to be "streamlined and business -like". We are however 
still unclear as to what precisely this means. While we agree that th is would be up to Members to 
define, there must be a shared agreement on such a definition.  We would be concerned if our views 
are not taken on board or if we are not included in the formulating of such a definition.  We are all 
well aware of the heightened  geopolitical tensions that have impacted our work and our way of 
working in the WTO. We therefore continue to be of the view that if we are to avoid paralysis or 
heightened tensions during the Ministerial, we should ensure that we complete our job here in  
Geneva and avoid discussions during the Ministerial that we know will effectively threaten our ability 
to agree on hard -fought outputs that we would have achieved ahead of the start of said Ministerial.  
We also continue to be of the view that in -person Mi nisterial statements in the plenary sessions 
under the agenda item Overview of WTO activities, will in part, guarantee a separate and distinct 
space for Members to deliver political statements.   
4.58.  On the WTO Response to the Pandemic, we wish to thank the Fac ilitator for the work that he 
has done thus far and commend him on his transparency and also inclusivity.  We are cognisant that 
we have a very narrow window to work with if we are to ensure that the WTO is afforded an 
opportunity to highlight its role in responding to the pandemic.  We must be sensitive in our approach 
to other Members. Our inability to agree on a consensus document on the WTO 's response to the 
pandemic will be a loss for us all as Members, and also for the organi zation itself.  We are there fore 
working arduously with the ACP Group and other Members at submitting a contribution to the 
Facilitator -led process.  Such a contribution will include issues of importance to small WTO Members 
whose limited productive capacity renders them dependent on trade for their food and nutrition 
security.  The issue of supply chains, food security, transportation costs and export restrictions will 
therefore need to feature frontally if we are to ensure that the views and interests of all of our 
Members are reflect ed in any document that speaks to this organi zation's response to the COVID -
19 and future pandemics. We are of the view that a streamlined text may be the only pathway to 
reaching consensus on a document which speaks to the WTO 's response to the pandemic.  We 
however must ensure that in developing such a text, we do not inadvertently marginali ze WTO 
Members simply because their structural imperfections mean that their peculiar concerns may not 
be common across the rest of the Membership. The CARICOM Group re mains engaged and ready to 
work on this, and all other areas that have been identified as deliverables for MC12.  
4.59.  The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
4.60.  Bangladesh associates with the statement  made by the LDC Group.  WTO respons e to the 
pandemic is our top priority and we strongly believe that the WTO must deliver an outcome on this 
issue. Bangladesh appreciates Amb assador  Castillo 's tireless efforts to facilitate Members to reach  
an outcome on this urgent issue. This should be o ur priority now and we strongly believe that the 
WTO must deliver an outcome on this issue, as soon as possible, and this should not wait for MC12.  
In addition to the Walker reference paper, several inputs are available on the table including the so -
called  composite text in JOB/GC/293, the recent informal paper by the EU and the US containing 
some condensed texts based on some sections of the Walker reference paper, and the other textual 
suggestions from Members or groups of Members. Bangladesh requests to continue work on the 
WTO Response to Pandemic based on all the available inputs and suggestions  from Members , to 
ensure that everyone 's concerns are addressed in a transparent and inclusive manner. As we 
reiterate t he need  to complete our work immediately , we look forward to engaging constructively 
with other delegations.   
4.61.  The representative of Argentina  delivered the following statement:  
4.62.  We welcome the efforts to be made to avoid overlaps between the discussions  on this process  
and those underway in the TRIPS Council. We reiterate that these issues are of utmost importance 
to my country. We consider that if the WTO Response to the Pandemic is to be comprehensive , it 
should cover both IP and trade issues. It is important to focus  on these aspects while we can reach 
consensus and not reiterate and repeat discussions that have already taken place. We reiterate our WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  commitment to continue to work on the basis of the scheme set out with the view to concluding 
negotiations as soon as po ssible agreeing on a response to the pandemic that can provide us with 
specific tangible tools for future work. With this in mind , we call on delegations to be flexible in their 
positions so that we can achieve a successful outcome.  
4.63.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
4.64.  Nigeria refer s to its statements on this issue at previous General Council meeting s and 
reaffirm s its support to the Facilitator -led Process. According to the WHO, t he COVID -19 pandemic 
has caused the deaths of nea rly 15 million people around the world. T hat is 13% more deaths than 
normally expected over two years. The IMF projects a cumulative global output losses from the 
pandemic of nearly USD 13.8 trillion through 2024. There is no gainsaying that developing Members 
are disproportionately affected by the pandemic. COVID -19 has not only exacerbated the food and 
livelihood security difficulties in most developing Members , but it has also resulted in the death of 
millions of persons in low- and middle -income countri es mainly because they are pushed to the end 
of the queue when it comes to accessing diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines to combat COVID -
19. As with the production of essential agricultural commodities needed to address the food and 
livelihood security difficulties of most developing Members , only a few produce diagnostics, 
therapeutics and vaccines to combat COVID -19. This situation triggered the ever -increasing demand 
and supply gap due to inability of producers to meet demand. This fosters inequitable access to 
diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines to combat COVID -19 as developed nations logically prioritized 
their citizens over others.  In our view, a meaningful outcome on WTO r esponse to pandemic should 
contain elements geared towards addressing developing Members'  food and livelihood difficulties 
through preservation and provision of policy space that would foster recovery and the building of 
resilient health and economic secto rs. It should also contain  elements that would underpin global 
efforts to ramp up and diversify the global production of vaccines and promote equitable access to 
vaccines. Such outcomes should effectively address IP issues and foster access to technology a nd 
know -how as well as provide for effective technical assistan ce and capacity building. It is also of 
critical importance that the outcomes do not result in depletion of existing flexibilities . Nigeria would 
continue to engage constructively on this issue  towards the delivery of a win -win outcome.  We also  
urge Members to expedite action to conclude all the discussions on this matter before MC 12 so that 
a collective decision will be adopted and only present to Ministers at MC12 for final endorsement.  
4.65.  The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
4.66.  Norway supports the Facilitator -led process moving forward. As we said at the TNC, the world 
expects a declaration from WTO Ministers on trade and health. As a co -sponsor of the trade and 
health i nitiative, we have supported high ambitions, in particular on transparency and export 
restrictions. We do however accept the need for compromise. We note that some Members have 
been working on a text that may resemble an abbreviated version of the Walker Text. Furthermore, 
we hear of other Members working on another text that may be shared with others next week.  
Norway is always ready to work constructively on the basis of constructive proposals, but we would 
like to take this opportunity to make two appeal s: First, that time is short, and we need to have any 
new submissions put on the table sooner rather than later.  Second, we urge those Members that 
are working on new texts to take into consideration what can achieve consensus.   
4.67.  The representative of Camer oon, on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
4.68.  The African Group pays tribute to the effort of the Facilitator to move the discussion forward. 
The COVID -19 pandemic emerged more than two years ago and has cost more than six million lives 
by conservative estimates. Certain parts of the world are exiting the health and economic cris es 
caused by COVID -19 bu t other s are still seeing  ongoing high rate infections slowing down economic 
activity. The Group remains fully committed to a WTO multilateral response to the pandemic, 
including the TRIPS element as the WHO has clearly pointed out that health inequality, infection 
inequality in particular have been the greatest failures of recent years . According to the African 
Disease Control Centre, only about 16% of the African population are fully vaccinated whil e high 
income countries have on average more than 72% of the population vaccinated. Consequently, the 
African Group reaffirm s that any response should appropriately take into account the issue of access 
and diversification of the production of vaccines and other medical preparations against COVID -19. 
Our respons e should above all offer a tool to effectively address future pandemics and the challenges 
that we have faced over the course of this pandemic. We should also underscore the fact that this WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  pandemic has exacerbated existing systemic disparities with regard to future security in African 
States. This is a continent that nonetheless does have much productive potential in terms o f arable 
land. It is essential to enable the resources to be harness ed so that the continent can address future 
health cris es. This rem inds us of our long -standing struggles for public stockholding for food security 
and a significant reduction in domestic support to de minimis. With this in mind , the African Group 
has always been sensitive to the proposals in JOB/GC/ 278. We have taken not e of the Facilitator's 
suggestion for a three -part format for the presentation of our proposals. We have  participated in  
this process and stand ready to work with all interested delegations  to draft a text to include the 
essential expectations of everyone interested . We assure everyone  of the African  Group's willingness 
to work with all interested  delegations  to ensure that this Conference can be a success.  
4.69.  The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
4.70.  On the IP issue , we have repeatedly stated that there cannot be a credible outcome on the 
pandemic response without a consensual , meaningful and viable outcome on the TRIPS Waiver 
proposal that is supported globally and that proves the relevance of this organization. More over, any 
envisaged WTO response to the current and future pandemics should be inclusive and reflective of 
the special development needs and realities of Member s. As such , the WTO response shall support 
economic resilience by allowing for the policy tools that are both necessary and commensurate with 
the real development needs. Let me also affirm that we believe in the importance of addressing food 
security as a genuine pillar of the WTO response to the pandemic and other emergencies in a manner 
that would facilitate uninterrupted food supplies at reasonable prices especially for NFIDCs and LDCs 
as well as to ensure sufficient policy space for enhancing domestic and imported food supplies. 
Finally, we associate with the statements  by the  278 co -sponsors and the African Group . We look 
forward to engaging constructively with Members in any configuration to reach consensus.  
4.71.  The representative of Peru delivered the following statement:  
4.72.  Peru reiterates its solidarity with Ukraine in view of the situation it is fac ing. We are f our 
weeks away from the beginning of MC12.  I reiterate Peru's position  which is a constructive one in 
terms of the WTO response to the pandemic , agriculture  and fisheries , among others . At the same 
time, w e must be aware of the prevailing inte rnational crisis . There is a need to ensure that a 
constructive discussion can take place on food security which is essential for many Members . For 
Peru, the WTO response to the pandemic  is a matter of priority . The WTO should come up with a 
solidarity -based and comprehensive contribution to address  the pandemic. The credibility of this 
house is at stake. A meaningful response  would enable us to address the multifaceted challenges of 
the pandemic from the standpoint of export restrictions  and prohibitions a s well as transparency, IP 
and technology transfer  and, a t the same time , offer the opportunity to build on lessons learned 
over the more than two years that we have been fighting the pandemic. The strategic pause  has 
been useful but we now need to get dow n to text -based negotiations  before MC12. With this in mind , 
my delegation considers that the negotiation should be carried out on the basis of what has been 
done already. We are nonetheless open to coming up with a pragmatic response that enables us to 
achieve the desired outcome. We commend the efforts  of the Facilitator and him and all Members  of 
Peru's active participation in these endeavours.  
4.73.  The representative of the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
4.74.  On Item 4A, we highly appreciat e the report  of the Facilitator . It gives us hope that we will 
finally be able to develop a collective response to the challenges brought by the pandemic.  We expect 
that, along with our pre vious deliberations , the outcome document will not affect and change the 
scope of the rights and obligations of the Members and that we will be able to avoid any politicization 
of the trade and health theme.  Russia has always been a constructive participan t in the trade and 
health negotiations and traditionally advocated for a result -oriented approach.  
4.75.  On Item 4 , having listened to numerous delegations, including China, Thailand, South Africa, 
India, Barbados, Jamaica on behalf of the ACP Group, Brazil, Mau ritius and Nigeria , I have heard a 
lot of valuable thoughts and arguments regarding the architecture of MC12 and its outcomes. 
Although those ideas to some extent contradict each other , they have some common alities  which 
are constructive spirit and deserve d devotion to meaningful results. That differs from the 
interventions of some other delegations who , in pursuing their political goals , not only muddle up 
this institution and other ones across Rue de Lausanne, but evidently do not care much about WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  ensuring  a smooth and meaningful MC12.  In general , the constructive ideas I heard brought me to 
an understanding that the preparatory process for MC12 both regarding its agenda  and outcome 
documents should be subject to intensive and careful consultations involving all Members.  We rely 
very much in this respect on your wisdom and efforts, Chair  and Director -General, as well as the 
Chair of the MC12. We express our readiness to t ake part in these consultations.  
4.76.  The representative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
4.77.  Pakistan would like to deliver this statement on behalf of the cosponsors of document 
JOB/GC/278/Rev.4 namely, Bolivia, Egypt, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri La nka, Tunisia, Uganda, and 
Venezuela, and while welcoming them, our newest co -sponsor – Indonesia . We understand that a 
WTO response to the pandemic is significantly late. Nevertheless, we remain fully cognizant of the 
need to put forth a forward -looking do cument which is credible, meaningful and holistic in terms of 
its content to address the ongoing pandemic as well as for future preparedness. It is for this reason 
that, while we are not demandeurs of this document, we have been the most active in trying t o 
highlight important issues. In fact, we are one of the only delegations who have consistently put 
forward text -based suggestions throughout the process  – most recently in document JOB/GC/293. 
We also utili zed the strategic pause, which we did not ask for , to engage with the Membership, and 
were able to find convergence with several delegations on our ideas and were very close to tabling 
a revised text -based document with their support.  However, we have recently found that certain 
delegations have now comp iled a new document containing their own ideas and that the structure 
of the document also needs a change. We remain ready to and will respond soon. In fact, we are in 
the process of compiling a document together with the support of the ACP, with our own i deas and 
suggestions. Nevertheless, it must be noted  that, as we said during the recently concluded TNC 
meeting and during our consultations with the Facilitator , responding to shifting goalposts requires 
time and effort especially on such an important fil e which may yet be the only issue possible of 
coming to fruition at MC12. Therefore, it must be understood that , while we are fully aware of the 
little time available, the time constraint is not of our creation and it must not be used to put pressure 
on us  to respond sooner than we can. No arbitrarily circulated document can become a basis for a 
decision on this issue without the consensus of the house. All proposals must remain proposals and 
ideally should be tabled formally for the process to come togethe r in its natural course. On content, 
as pointed out before, the document  cannot be complete without addressing systemic issues related 
to economic recovery, building resilience, food security, IP challenges and technology transfer 
matters.  The document mus t also incorporate the outcome of the TRIPS Waiver negotiations under 
the TRIPS Council. Similarly, onerous new commitments on transparency would not be able to find 
convergence  with a large number of Members. We look forward to engaging on this issue in t he 
coming days to find a possible solution.  
4.78.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
4.79.  We appreciate the recent efforts and communication by the Facilitator in reaching out to key 
Members  and Group Coordinators.  This is an issue that needs to be concluded soon if we want an 
outcome that is still relevant.  This issue is dear to our heart, and in order to intensively participate 
and contribute  to the discussion,  I reiterate  Indonesia 's position to support the proponents and jo in 
as a co -sponsor of JOB/GC/ 278. In this regard,  we reiterate  our longstanding  position  that, for such 
an outcome  to be meaningful,  it needs  to be balanced  and holistic  which  must include the IP aspects 
as well as food security.  Furthermore, it is also in our interest that this document will consider the 
possibility of a trigger mechanism for future pandemics or global emergency so that the WTO could 
respon d in a swift manner.  With that in mind, Indonesia reiterates its continued commitment to 
engag e constructively in all future discussions and negotiations on this issue.  
4.80.  The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
4.81.  The European Union has been a strong proponent of the WTO response to the pandemic from 
the onset of discussions that Members had in this forum. We argued for a holistic approach which 
would encompass all the necessary elements of the response including in tellectual property.  Now 
that we have made a substantial step forward in the TRIPS Council, it is high time we had a fresh 
look at other elements of the pandemic such as transparency, export restrictions or trade facilitation. 
The strategic pause allowed u s to reflect deeper on how to move the process forward and arrive at 
a multilateral outcome demonstrating that the WTO can meaningfully contribute to a response to 
the crisis and learn from it. In th is regard, we also note the statement of Brazil in docume nt 
WT/GC/W/845 on various aspects of the response to the pandemic.  The European Union and the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  United  States have invested great efforts into allowing progress towards a credible outcome. We 
have reached a common understanding on the minimum or the landing zone that could be the final 
outcome in a number of areas, acknowledging that other Members have additional issues of interest 
that they would like to see reflected in the text. Our new compromise paper presents the essentials 
of the Walker Text, which we value the most, in a condensed format. We are encouraged by the 
positive feedback we have received so far and we will take account of the comments received. The 
new paper attempts to propose a balance that would be acceptable to all Members. Even if slight ly 
shorter on ambition than the Walker text, we believe that it still maintains the credibility of the WTO.  
As MC12 will start in a month 's time, we do not have the luxury of time. Our collective interest is to 
engage in a spirit of self -restraint and in a  consensus -oriented mode.  We are hopeful that all 
Members will be able to engage constructively so that we could all resume and promptly finalize the 
negotiating process before Ministers arrive in Geneva.  
4.82.  The representative of Singapore  delivered the follo wing statement:  
4.83.  I will address Agenda Items 4 and 4A together with three brief points. First, Singapore 
supports  the plans for MC12 that you , Chair,  have outlined . As many colleagues have highlighted , 
MC12 will be held under extremely challenging circumstances. A streamlined and business -like MC12 
with the active participation of our Trade Ministers will send an important signal that the WTO is 
ready to respond to the challenges and hopefully deliver m eaningful outcome s on fisheries subsidies, 
agriculture, response to the pandemic and the WTO Reform. Second, Singapore supports the 
innovative approach that you , Chair,  have proposed on the outcome document. The three -part 
approach that you have proposed i s definitely worth pursuing and , in this context , we have to keep 
in mind that consensus does not equate unanimity. Third, Singapore supports the efforts by the 
Facilitator to formulate an ambitious and comprehensive WTO response to the pandemic . Even as 
the global pandemic stabilizes, it is crucial to ensure that the WTO response to the pandemic does 
not only address the current pandemic but prepares us for future global health emergencies . 
Members have invested a lot of time and effort in this issue . We should avoid backtracking and 
ensure that we take important lessons in areas such as supply chain disruptions and lack of 
transparency. As always, Singapore  stands ready to work  with all Members  to ensure the success of 
MC12.  
4.84.  The representative of Ecuador  delivered the following statement:  
4.85.  Ecuador reiterates the importance of guaranteeing a multilateral trading system that is 
universal and transparent without any barriers in access to vaccin es and other medi cines that hel p 
efforts to fight COVID -19. We comm end Ambassador Dacio Castillo for his hard work in facilitating 
and steering our work. This topic touches on the health of millions of people and has a clear impact 
on the social life and the economies across the world . As it is vital for the WTO to contri bute to the 
global response , we need to promote multilateral action which removes all trade barriers including 
export restrictions which prevent equita ble access to vaccines and their components as well as other 
medical equipment needed to fight the pandem ic. In this respect, we thank everyone who  took part 
in consultations that have been carried out . We have to continue to take part in them. It is key that , 
in such consultations , all delegations take part individually or as a group including all of those w ho 
have put forward proposals or communicat ions on this matter . 
4.86.  The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
4.87.  In about four weeks, our Ministers will meet in this room. With political will, open minds and 
pragmatism, Guatemala is convi nced that an outcome in this issue is possible.  In principle, 
Guatemala agrees with the proposition of having a document containing the response of the WTO 
to the pandemic divided in three parts: the first part being a factual assessment about the 
Secretar iat's and Members ' actions taken during the C OVID -19 pandemic; the second part, the 
reiteration of principles as well as of the Members ' rights and obligations in respect of issues related 
to the WTO response to the pandemic; and, the third part, an action plan. Having said this, 
Guatemala is nevertheless open to explore any other alternative, if that would contribute to achieve 
consensus.  Concerning the factual assessment, Guatemala understands that it will be prepared by 
the WTO Secretariat. Being factual in nature, Guatemala expects Members to exercise due restrain 
in negotiating the language of such factual assessment. With respect to t he reiteration of principles, 
rights and obligations, Guatemala understands that such reiteration will not imply any alteration of 
the WTO Agreements. Bearing this in mind, Guatemala invites Members to show the necessary 
flexibility and pragmatism. Guatema la is aware that Members might have preferences in respect to WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  the extent, detail, emphasis and nuances in the language utilized to reiterate what we already have 
in the WTO Agreements. However, it will benefit nobody to fail in achieving consensus on the W TO 
response to the pandemic simply because of disagreements in how to frame these reiterations of 
principles, rights and obligations. In this regard, Guatemala invites Members to focus their attention 
and energy in the action plan.  On the action plan, Guatemala would favour the inclusion of an 
institutional framework aimed at conducting the discussions in a transparent and orderly manner. 
Guatemala would also be inclined for an open list of issues to be discussed by Members during this 
exercise without prej udging any outcome. A detailed list of objectives in the action plan might 
contribute to better structure the discussions with a view to take actions in a continued and 
incremental manner. However, given the short time that we have to agree on the content of a 
document before the Ministerial Conference, Guatemala would invite Members to act pragmatically 
and pursue the substantive discussions afterwards and as a result of the implementation of an action 
plan – not as a part of the discussion to agree on the action plan. Chair, allow me to make a comment 
on a topic already discussed under the previous point. Guatemala would like to express its support 
for Brazil and Peru regarding the importance of access to fertilizers in light of the current crisis, this 
should be taken into account in this Organization.  
4.88.  The representative of Chinese Taipei  delivered the following statement:  
4.89.  I am delivering the statement on Agenda Items 4 and 4A. On MC12, we believe that Members 
should look for delivering concrete results. Therefore, in addition to taking stock, certain extent of 
substantive discussions at MC12 leading to delivering outcomes would still be useful and desirable.  
On the issue of  a discuss ion at MC12 on the challenges facing the multilateral trading system , we 
are of the view that such discussion should be useful. But the discussion should be open to all 
Members to participate so that different aspects of challenges can be reflected. On the outcome 
document, we are of the view that the text arising from last yea r's discussion attracts wide support. 
We support your plan , Chair,  of continu ing the unfinished work of the outcome document.  On WTO 
reform, we support  an instruct ion at MC12 for Members to start dialogue s on WTO reform, and reach  
consensus on the way forw ard. On WTO response to the pandemic, we thank Ambassador Castillo 
for his great effort. My delegation is pleased to see that , in the last couple of weeks , there is 
meaningful progress in the discussion between some Members with different positions, as just 
reported by the E uropean Union . We hope to see continuous flexibility from Members so that 
progress can be expanded. We understand that , ultimately , there will be substantial compromises 
so as to gain necessary consensus. In the meantime, w e also  hope that at MC12 , some useful work 
plans  can be established  to guide our future work to address not only the current pandemic but also  
future ones of similar nature.  
4.90.  The representative of Malaysia  delivered the following statement:  
4.91.  My statement will cover  Agenda Items 4 A and 5 A. As reported by the WHO, over 500 million 
COVID -19 cases and 6.2 million deaths have been recorded thus far. This bitterly historical 
experience has presented us with a very valuable lesson – the WTO is not equipped with an automatic 
and inclusive response in mitigating the pandemic. This is indeed very regrettable. Moving forward, 
Malaysia strongly believes that the current WTO response to the pandemic must incorporate an 
element of the TRIP S waiver. The response must be bold, practical , inclusive and relevant for 
addressing future global health crisis. With five  weeks away from MC12, we need to engage in 
earnest dialogue to address the remaining gaps. Given the need to respond to current and future 
pandemics, an outcome in this area wil l be a strong testament to the WTO's relevance in the 
upcoming MC12.  
4.92.  The representative of Tunisia  delivered the following statement:  
4.93.  We associate with the statement made by the African Group and the 278 co -sponsors.  As a 
co-sponsor of the 278 document, we  remain firmly committed to a specific global response to the 
pandemic. We will continue to actively participate in this process and engage constructively  on all 
proposals as the 278 co-sponsors  have always done. It is of utmost importan ce that we set up a  
benchmark document which will be the basis for our discussions moving forward especially as we do 
not have much time left . We have taken note of the 16 May date given by the Facilitator and we 
hope that it will go according to plan. As Pakistan mentioned , the 278 co-sponsors did not support 
the Walker Text but we need to continue working pragmatically on the basis of a single  text, looking 
at the specific concerns expressed by Members in writing  within reasonable deadlines  – including 
those state d in JOB/GC/293 . Our delegation has continued to use this approach in consultations with WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Members and we have compiled our proposals with those of the ACP Group  which is currently under 
review . The newly shared document presented to va rious delegations in d ifferen t configurations  has 
left us somewhat perplexed. We hope to continue to work constructively and as quickly as possible 
with the delegations concerned . We have likewise taken note of t hree-part structure propos ed. The 
278 co-sponsors,  along with the ACP, wish to be able to re-structure our proposal with in the 
suggested format. We  remain however convinced that a credible WTO response to pandemic  
depends largely on dealing with systemic issues related to economic recovery, food security, 
technology tran sfer, and an appropriate outcome in TRIPS which would support  the current 
flexibilities contained in the TRIPS Agreement. We are committed to strengthening transparency, 
opening markets and ending export restrictions. However, discussions in this field mus t take into 
account the reduced capacity of developing  and LDC  Members  as well as giving the m the necessary 
policy space in order to develop their capacity  to respond to future cris es.  
4.94.  The representative  of Cambodia  delivered the following statement:  
4.95.  Camb odia associates with the statement made by the LDCs . We thank the Facilitator for the 
briefing sessions for the Group Coordinators that he carried out these past weeks which provided 
heads up information on the latest development in the formulation of the WTO Response to 
Pandemic.  We are encouraged that many Members and Groups are engaging with one another to 
streamline the text based on the new three -part format. We look forward to the text, especially part 
2, being circulated to all Members for deliberation. We have commented in the past that the WTO 
response to the pandemic should not alter the rights and obligations of Members . So, we are keen 
to see how the streamlined text addresses this issue.  We appreciate the work of the Director -General 
in her consultation s with four Members  to come up with a proposed resolution on the IP issues. We 
look forward to engag ing with other Members on this in the TR IPS Council.  The WTO is the only 
international organization not to have any sort of response to the pandemic which raises credibility 
issues for an international organization of th is size. As some parts of the world have found reprieve 
from the pandemic, s ome are still battling it. This  indicates  that the pandemic is not yet over and a 
response from the WTO is still relevant. But we should work urgently and ensure that the response 
address es both current and future pandemics.  Cambodia will, as always , work constructively with 
other Members to reach an outcome on this document.  
4.96.  The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
4.97.  On the WTO's Response to the Pandemic, while the ACP Group did not call for the strategic  
pause, we have used the time to extensively engage with other delegations and work on ideas we 
believe could enhance the outcome of the Facilitator process and assist in bringing these discussions 
to a landing zone. The Group is working with 278 co -sponso rs in this regard. For us, we are flexible 
on the format of an outcome, but we hold dear to our hearts the importance of having a meaningful 
Decision that will complement efforts in our capitals to respond effectively to the impact of the 
pandemic and to e nable a speedy, human -centred recovery and rebuilding process. We therefore 
see affordable and easy access to vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics as critical in an outcome. 
Without altering the rights and obligations of Members, we also see a credible o utcome having 
language that seeks to incentivize technology transfer arrangements, enhances food security, builds 
resilience, accelerates recovery, enhances preparedness for future similar occurrence, including the 
IP dimension and fosters international co llaboration between and among countries and international 
organizations. We look forward to engaging the issue of export restrictions, including on COVID 
products and raw materials while ensuring that language on this issue does not alter the rights and 
obligations of Members. We took particular note of the Facilitator's important emphasis that our 
work is time -sensitive. The strategic pause has significantly limited the time available to conclude 
our work. While our Members did not introduce this risk, we continue to engage in a constructive 
spirit and are heeding the Facilitator's call by accelerating our internal processes, bearing in mind 
the large number of countries engaged in our internal process. We have confidence in the Facilitator's 
objectivity an d judgement. We urge him to ensure that the process is transparent and inclusive. We 
invite all Members to exercise flexibility and be constructive in the process as we believe a merging 
of processes underway will bring us to a point of completing our work  in the shortest possible time, 
seeing that significant work was already undertaken in advance. We remain ready to engage with 
members in an effort to achieve a successful conclusion.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  4.98.  The representative of Paraguay  delivered the following statement:  
4.99.  Paragu ay would like to thank Ambassador Castillo for his report and for his efforts in moving 
this process forward. My delegation strongly supports Ambassador Castillo's proposed process, and 
we hope that Members reflect on the impact that a useful response from  the WTO could have, not 
only on the organization's credibility but above all on the economic recovery that we are grappling 
with following the pandemic.  Paraguay supports a comprehensive outcome on this topic. Indeed, we 
would like to see a response containing elements on export restriction, trade facilitation, transfer of 
technology and preparation for future pandemics. We would like to include components on the role 
of services, especially logistics, transportation and telecommunications se rvices in this pandemic 
context, for a landlocked developing country such as Paraguay, a net importer of vaccines, which 
faces additional obstacles every day in sourcing products that it does not have the capacity to 
produce locally.  With respect to the in tellectual property component, we welcome IP/C/W/ 688. 
Although my capital is still examining the document , in principle, we believe that it could provide a 
basis for unblocking discussions in the TRIPS Council and for accelerating an intellectual property 
outcome that can be incorporated into the multilateral response . We will follow this discussion 
closely . Members  can count on Paraguay  to work constructively towards consensus on this subject.  
4.100.   The representative of Türkiye  delivered the following statement : 
4.101.   I am sure no Member would object to the fact that the relationship between trade and health 
is clear. And, the WTO, as the centre of trade has already grasped the key areas it may get involved 
and started to work in many of its working areas. That being said, it has taken us this far to put 
these in writing. To reiterate, this should be a process of compromise and necessitates being 
pragmatic. In th is regard , we made our position clear that we found the Walker Text to be a balanced 
one and a good basis fo r discussions. We understand that there is now the possibility of having a 
three -part text on the WTO's response and also a group of Members are currently working on a 
streamlined text.  While we hope that these texts are shared with the wider Membership as  soon as 
possible, we would like to highlight once more that we remain ready to engage in constructive 
dialogue for a tangible result in this area.  
4.102.   The representative of China  delivered  the following statement:  
4.103.   We thank Ambassador Castillo for your report  and tireless efforts in moving the process 
forward on this important issue.  China always considers the WTO response to pandemic as the most 
pressing issue. Reaching a multilateral outcome by MC12 remains our priority. We take note that 
Members are talking  among themselves during the strategic pause. We hope such a process will lay 
a good basis for next step discussion s. Time is not  on our side . Flexibility is needed from all sides. 
Otherwise, we can reach nothing. All sides should take a pragmatic attitude  and address each other 's 
issues in a balanced way. China will constructively engage with other Members.  
4.104.   The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
4.105.   We note the consultations that took place last week with the Facilitator . The LDCs are among 
the Members  where the vaccination rate is  the lowest . At the same time, we  need to import medical 
equipment . In this regard, w e have express ed our views in document WT/GC/211 which was 
submitted in early May 2020 and also in the LDC Ministers Declaration submitted in October last 
year. So , we reiterate our willingness to engage with all Members so that we reach consensus on 
this topic of key importance to everyone . 
4.106.   The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
4.107.   I commend  our friend , Ambassador Dacio  Castillo,  for his tireless effort both as the former 
General Council Chair and now as Facilitator on this file. My delegation has constructively engaged 
with Members throughout this  process to find a meaningful and balanced text and in this regard we 
have submitted our text also in the document JOB/GC/ 271. The way forward depends on how we 
can build on the work that has already been done and Members have alre ady done painstaking work 
to ensure that we have a comprehensive and balanced document. It is important that we should not 
lose this work in the interest of the need to move forward. The outcome document has to be based 
on an equal consideration of all vie wpoints on this file. The Declaration, whatever the format, must 
be balanced, comprehensive and meaningful to all of us. The focus should be on the content . A WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  streamlining of various formulations is something which we can work towards as long as the overal l 
text remains balanced between various viewpoints. India has engaged in fruitful discussions with 
several Members using the time provided during the strategic pause . We are following this process 
closely and will continue to engage in constructive discuss ions with Members. Much work remains to 
be done to ensure that the systems and response mechanisms are in place for future pandemics and 
natural disasters. We must be mindful that the credibility of this institution depends on reaching 
consensus both on th e IP and non -IP aspects of pandemic response before M C12. In this regard , let 
me list out those four important priority item s for us which are food security, economic recovery, 
reviewing and removing constraints in trade in services including logistics aspects and telemedicine,  
and having a trigger ready mechanism in both IP and non -IP related matters to take care of present 
as well as such future pandemics. We must therefore redouble our efforts to find a response that 
will address all these f acets.  
4.108.   The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
4.109.   Our Minister of Trade, Industry and Competition , The H onourable Mr.  Ebrahim  Patel, has 
repeatedly stated  that South Africa would like to see five outcomes from the WTO response to  the 
pandemic : (i) the approval of a targeted and time-limited TRIPS Waiver in order to boost and 
diversify global production of vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics ; (ii) diversification of locations 
of production and scaling up productive capacity acro ss the world especially in Africa ; (iii) protocols 
covering transparency and equity in vaccine contracts and pricing ; (iv) meaningful commitments to 
keep supply chains open ; and (v) a forward -looking TRIPS provision to address future pandemics 
that obviate s the need for special agreements and waiver negotiations going forward. Furthermore, 
the response must include high level political commitments in food security and an emergency 
package to address the emerging food crisis and efforts to promote economic r ecovery. We remain 
flexible with regard to the structure of the document as long as the substance is balanced and 
reflects the interest of all Members. We associate with the statement  made by the 278 co -sponsors, 
the ACP and the African Group de aling with this particular agenda item.  
4.110.   The representative of the Plurinational State of Bolivia  delivered the following statement:  
4.111.   Regarding to the response to the pandemic, this is an urgent issue. Although it is a little late 
for this pandemic, it could help us in  the future. We reiterate that the response should address 
systemic issues and be holistic which should include issues like economic recovery, resilience, 
intellectual property challenges and technology transfer. This is essential for the response to be 
credible. We reiterated that the process should be transparent and inclusive. Although i t is hard to 
reach consensus before MC12,  this should not be used an excuse to  resort to non -transparent ways 
just to speed up this and other processes.  
4.112.   The representativ e of Sri Lanka  delivered the following statement:  
4.113.   Sri Lanka associates with the statement made by 278 co -sponsors and welcomes our newest 
co-sponsor Indonesia . Sri Lanka commends Ambassador Dacio  Castillo  in leading a very transparent 
process  and for advancing the work leading towards a well -balanced, fair and comprehensive set of 
measures to be delivered by the WTO in its response to the pandemic. As stated by Pakistan , we 
are not demand eurs of this docum ent but yet we have been the most active group trying to highlight 
important issues. We remain fully cogni zant of the need for the WTO to provide credible, meaningful 
and substantive response to the ongoing pandemic and in doing so prepare for future pande mics 
and disasters. It is needless to state that the balanced outcome should include a satisfactory solution 
on the TRIPS Waiver and robust and meaningful activities on pandemic preparedness and resilience, 
so it can be endorsed by our Ministers very soon.  Sri Lanka remains fully committed to a 
multilaterally agreed WTO response to the pandemic and TRIPS Waiver as an integral part. It is also 
important that the WTO response to the pandemic does not only address the interest of all Members 
but also sectors t hat are affected by the pandemic such as food security, transfer of technology, 
trade-related IP issues supporting inclusive recovery, economic resilience and framework for future 
preparedness. It is also critically important that the outcome do es not resu lt in depleting existing 
policy space and rights of developing Members. We have already cautioned about the idea o f 
developing a new or amended Facilitator 's Text. For a facilitator to come up with a text under his or 
her own responsibility, there should f irst be consensus among Members and this should be the last 
resort. Sri Lanka reiterates  its desire to work with all Members  towards  a well -balanced, fair and 
comprehensive set of measures on the WTO's response to the pandemic.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  4.114.   The representative of the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
4.115.   Under this agenda item, I will make t hree points . First, we are not out of this pandemic . It 
is easy to believe it here in the streets of Geneva but not out there  where  there are 15 million deaths 
and counti ng. Many are still facing the force of the pandemic. Second, we spent almost two years 
now discussing the lessons that we have learned from this pandemic  – lessons for dealing with this 
pandemic but also lessons for dealing with future pandemics. Out of th at, we have a recognition that 
there are many tools that are at our disposal which we should be using including greater trade 
facilitation, transparency around export restrictions and more . We should  not lose sight of that. 
Third, I recognize questions abo ut ambition . I recognize questions about the amount of time we 
have at our disposal before 12 June. But I do not think, given those two years of discussions, given 
the gravity of the pandemic and the risk of future ones that we should be willing merely to have an 
agreement to keep on talking. We need a substantive outcome at this Ministerial  Confer ence. 
4.116.   The representative of Chile delivered the following statement:  
4.117.   We are confident that an outcome will be achieved under Ambassador Castillo's  leadership: 
one that shows that the WTO is able to help Members  tackle the effects of the COVID -19 pandemic 
while preparing us for the economic challenges that future pandemics will bring. An agreement must 
be reached at the Twelfth Ministerial Conference. Missing  this opportunity may cause irreparable 
damage to the organization.  The final outcome of the response  must clearly identify the measures 
and actions that, on the one hand, impeded supply chains and prevented and continue to prevent 
timely access to medical inputs and vaccines, such as export restrictions, while also identifying the 
measures that were adop ted by Members, like Chile, that facilitated trade in such inputs. We have 
learned lessons over the past two  years, during the pandemic, and these lessons should be reflected 
in the work programme and in any conclusions and actions that we draw from this w ork. We call on 
Members to approach this issue pragmatically and weigh their positions when entering the 
negotiating phase. Including topics and issues that may be important, but that are not strictly 
relevant to the negative or positive actions taken by o ur economies, or making mere political 
statements, will not help us reach an agreement.  
4.118.   The representative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  delivered the following statement:  
4.119.   I am delivering this statement  on Agenda Items 4 and 5 . The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  
appreciates the tireless efforts of the Director -General and the Facilitator on pandemic response. I t 
is crucial for the WTO to deliver concrete outcome in its response to COVID -19 at MC12. We underline 
that a credible and meaningful response to the pande mic should be comprehensive, taking into 
consideration all aspects including the IP issues and food security considerations. We urge Members 
to intensify their consultations to find appropriate formulation on the bas is of the amended text to 
meet the expec tations of all Members  including developing and LDC Members . The WTO can 
contribute not only to responding to the current crisis but also to preparing for future pandemics.  
4.120.   The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
4.121.   The WTO needs to de liver a meaningful outcome on the WTO 's response to the pandemic at 
MC12. Japan places emphasis on maintaining the elements described in the 281 text, especially with 
regard to export restrictions and transparency. Learning from this pandemic, Japan believ es that 
these are the elements necessary to prepare for the next po tential  global crisis, reflecting broad 
interest of the international community as a whole. If we achieve some form of legally binding 
outcome in the area of IP, having  low-ambition outcome s in non -IP areas would result in a lack of 
balance. On non -IP issues, we should take a realistic approach for MC12 focusing on the trade 
aspects that directly relate to the pandemic and fall within the mandate of the WTO. We support the 
Facilitator 's approach and will actively engage with and contribute to it.  
4.122.   The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
4.123.   Our statement will cover Agenda Items 4, 5 and 14.  Trade and health elements, as well as 
the role of IP, are both discussed as  part of the WTO response to the pandemic, a priority for 
Switzerland at MC12. Last week, we have witnessed new developments on both sides, namely on 
trade and health and on IP. Only six weeks before MC12 and considering the persistent divergences 
between Members on the WTO response to the pandemic, positive prospects for reaching an WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  agreement on the matter require a common working  basis.  On the trade and health side, Switzerland 
considers the recent development as pragmatic steps to gather Members around t he negotiatin g 
table with the aim of moving the discussions forward. Following a similar sense of pragmatism, we 
stand ready to engage on that basis to find mutually agreeable solutions without prejudice to 
Switzerland 's position.  On IP, we take note of document IP/C/W/688 , as circulated  to Members  last 
week. Responses to a number of basic questions concerning the nature and status of the document 
will be required to assess it more thoroughly.  Looking at the current production capacity of COVID -
19 vaccines,  the main focus now is on a holistic approach that addresses distribution and vaccination.  
We should strive to develop a meaningful, comprehensive and balanced WTO response to the 
pandemic. At MC12, we must seriously address export restrictions, transparen cy as well as trade 
facilitating measures.  Switzerland is firmly convinced that IP and the TRIPS Agreement have played 
a positive role in fighting this pandemic effectively. This positive role must be reflected in any 
outcome.  
4.124.   The representative of Canada  provided the following statement:  
4.125.   Canada 's objectives have remained the same as we have worked on this topic throughout 
the COVID -19 pandemic.  In the spirit that global crises demand global cooperation, the WTO 
response must point to the need for  purposef ul transparency of trade measures taken;  the 
maintenance of open markets;  an exercise of restraint in the use of trade restrictive measures;  a 
review of those measures so that they are removed as soon as possible.  The multilateral trading 
system needs to e ncourage collective and common purpose, and support the multilateral efforts of 
those charged with addressing future global health crises.  Canada will continue to engage in the 
Facilitator 's process with these objectives in mind.  
4.126.   The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
4.127.   I just want to thank Members and commend all of you for the positive approach and 
comments on this issue. It looks like  things  are coming together for us to have a credible response 
to the pandemic with elements that will help  us address issues and I want to stress also the part 
about being forward -looking with respect to the next pandemic so we do not have to relitigate this 
issue should another wave occur. In that context, I really want to thank Ambassador Castillo for the 
work he has done, and I hope we can all work hard and come together so we can deliver this. As 
everyone has said , and we keep hearing from outside of this organization , not being able to deliver 
a credible response to the pandemic two years after it started just does not do this organization any 
good, reputationally or otherwise. So, I really urge all of us to take this extremely seriously. I 
therefore urge all of you to t ry to make the needed adjustments  to get a credible package together.  
4.128.   The Chair thank ed all delegations  for the constructive and useful feedback. The Director -
General, the Facilitator and he had  taken good note of the statements that ha d been made. As time 
was of the essence , Members should  work expeditiously, intensively and constructively  work – if 
they were to meet their shared prerogative of ensuring a meaningful Conference.  
4.129.   The General Council took note of the Chair's  statement , the report by the Facilitator , the 
statement by the Direct or-General  and the statement s made under Item s 4 and 4 A. 
5  TRIPS COUNCIL MATTERS  
5.1  Status R eport on the Considerations by the TRIPS  Council on the revised " Proposal 
for a Waiver from Certain Provisions of the TRIPS  Agreement for the Prevention, 
Containment and Treatment of COVID -19" ( IP/C/W/669/ Rev.1) – Statement by the Chair 
of the Council for TRIPS  
5.1.  The Chair said that item 5 on TRIPS Council Matters  relate d to a status report by the 
TRIPS  Council Chair on the revised "Proposal for a Waiver from Certain Provisions of the TRIPS 
Agreement for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID -19" in document 
IP/C/W/669/Rev.1.  Since the February meeting, the Council for TRIPS had considered this matter 
most recently the previous  week, at its meetings  on 3 and 6 May. At the meeting o n 3 May, the 
main elements of the draft outcome text resulting from informal discussions among a few Members 
on the TRIPS  waiver  had been  presented to the TRIPS Council for the first time. He unders tood that 
another meeting had taken place on 6  May where some delegations had shared their initial reactions WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  to this draft. He therefore  invite d Ambassador G berie of Sierra Leone to provide a sta tus report on 
the TRIPS Council's consideration of this matter.  
5.2.  Ambassador Lansana Gberie (Sierra Leone), Chair of the TRIPS Council , delivered the following 
status report:  
5.3.  At the meeting of the TRIPS Council on 15 -16 October 2020, India and South Africa i ntroduced 
document IP/C/W/669, requesting a waiver from certain provisions of the TRIPS Agreement for the 
prevention, containment and treatment of COVID -19, which had been circulated on 2 October 2020 
and has since been co -sponsored by the delegations of K enya, Eswatini, Mozambique, Pakistan, 
Bolivia, Venezuela, Mongolia, Zimbabwe, Egypt, the African Group, the LDC Group, the Maldives, 
Fiji, Namibia, Vanuatu, Indonesia and Jordan. Since the introduction of the document, discussions 
took place in various for mal and informal TRIPS Council meetings. Delegations exchanged views, 
asked questions, sought clarifications and provided replies, clarifications, and information, including 
through documents IP/C/W/670, IP/C/W/671, IP/C/W/672, IP/C/W/673 and IP/C/W/674, o n the 
waiver request.  
5.4.  On 21 May 2021 the co -sponsors issued a revised proposal which was circulated in document 
IP/C/W/669/Rev.1. The revised waiver request was presented at an informal open -ended meeting 
of the Council on 31 May, and introduced at its for mal meeting on 8 -9 June 2021. It has since been 
co-sponsored by Malaysia and Argentina. On 29 September 2021, the co -sponsors circulated a 
summary of their interventions in document IP/C/W/684. Status reports on the considerations by 
the TRIPS Council on t he revised "Proposal for a Waiver from Certain Provisions of the TRIPS 
Agreement for the Prevention, Containment and Treatment of COVID -19" were delivered to the 
General Council meetings on 3 -4 March, 5 -6 May, 27 July, 7 October, 22 November 2021 and, most  
recently, on 23 -24 February 2022.  
5.5.  In the course of discussions on the revised waiver proposal, delegations held focused 
discussions on the topics of 'scope', both from the perspective of products and of IP rights, on 
'duration', 'implementation' and on pr otection of undisclosed information. Delegations engaged 
positively and their detailed substantive exchanges helped clarify various aspects and nuances of 
positions. While delegations remain committed to the common goal of providing timely and secure 
acces s to high quality, safe, efficacious and affordable vaccines and medicines for all, disagreement 
persists on the fundamental question of whether a waiver is the appropriate and most effective way 
to address the shortage and inequitable distribution of and access to vaccines and other COVID 
related products.  
5.6.  In addition, a proposal for a draft General Council declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and 
Public Health in the circumstances of a pandemic, issued by the European Union and circulated in 
document IP/C/ W/681, has also been discussed in meetings since its circulation on 21 June 2021. 
Delegations exchanged views, asked questions, sought clarifications and provided replies, 
clarifications, and information. Disagreement persists on the fundamental question o f whether this 
proposal is the appropriate and most effective way to address the shortage and inequitable 
distribution of and access to vaccines and other COVID -related products.  
5.7.  On 3 May 2022, a communication containing the outcome of informal discussion s between a 
group of Ministers was circulated in document IP/C/W/688 for discussion in the TRIPS Council. This 
means that the TRIPS Council has not yet completed its consideration of the revised waiver request. 
The TRIPS Council will therefore continue its  consideration of the revised waiver request, and report 
back to the General Council as stipulated in Article IX:3 of the Marrakesh Agreement. In addition, 
the TRIPS Council will also continue in the same manner its consideration of the other related 
propo sals by Members.  
5.8.  The representative of China  delivered the following statement:  
5.9.  China supports the status report made by the Chair of TRIPS Council Ambassador Gberie.  I 
thank the Director -General , DDG  González , Ambassador Gberie and Quad members for produc ing 
the text which was circulated last week. China, in general, supports to have this text as a basis for 
further discussions. It is our hope that Members ' key concerns, including ours, could be properly 
addressed in the following discussions, paving the w ay for delivering a long -awaited and urgently -
needed outcome as soon as possible.  As we stated in the TRIPS Council meeting last Friday, China WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  has serious concern s on and is not in a position to accept the second brackets of footnote 1. In our 
view, using the criterion of export share to define eligible Members will send a wrong signal to the 
outside and also have systemic implication to the future negotiations.  China is a significant 
contributor to the global pandemic response and a staunch supporter of the TRIPS waiver on COVID -
19 vaccines. To further demonstrate our pragmatism and constructiveness and to better facilitate 
the negotiation, China hereby announces that , if our concern on the footnote is addressed, we will 
not seek to use the flexibility prov ided by this decision. We hope our positive movement could be 
reciprocated with the same level of pragmatism and flexibility from other major stakeholders so that 
an outcome that benefits developing Members and LDCs in genuine needs could be reached at an 
earliest date before MC12.  
5.10.  The representative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
5.11.  The CARICOM Group commends the work that has been put into the deliberations on the 
TRIPS Waiver.  While we were not co -sponsors of IP/C/W/669 , we do believe that inadequate access 
to COVID -19 vaccines and other medical technologies have prolonged our collective ability to 
effectively respond and recover from the COVID -19 pandemic.  We look forward to our continued 
discussion on this is sue in the TRIPS Council  and other formats that are deemed necessary for an 
outcome on this issue while maintaining the principles of transparency and inclusivity.  We must do 
our utmost to ensure that we can deliver on a mutually agreeable outcome that we can not only all 
coalesce around but that can also assist in de livering  on the problem at hand. The CARICOM Group 
associates with the statement made by the  ACP. 
5.12.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
5.13.  Nigeria refer s to our statemen t on this issue at previous General Council Meeting. We 
commend the Director -General for her tireless efforts in advancing discussions on this file and thank 
the members of the Quad for their invaluable work in attempting to foster consensus. We have 
share d our preliminary views on document IP/C/W/ 688 at the TRIPS Council meeting held on 6 May 
in which we welcome the outcome document from the Quad. Furthermore, we wish to emphasize 
the need for the negotiations on the TRIPS Waiver to remain open, transparen t and inclusive to 
ensure effective participation of all Members. We call on Members to continue work on  IP/C/W/688 
with a view to finding a landing zone.   
5.14.  The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
5.15.  Under this item , Bangladesh a ssociates with the statement  made by the LDC Group.  We 
support the decision to continue discussion at the TRIPS Council on the temporary TRIPS Waiver 
Proposal.  It is estimated that t he COVID -19 pandemic has caused the death of nearly 15 millio n 
people around the world which is 13% more deaths than the normally calculated rate over the last 
two years. The pandemic is not over. It's devastating impact has already reversed years' worth of  
progress earned by many developing and LDC Members . In fact , the LDCs are hit the hardest both 
on social and economic aspects. Thousands of people are pushed to live under extreme poverty. 
Because of the pandemic, extreme poverty in the world rose in 2020 for the first time in over 20 
years. According to a World B ank estimate late last year, around 100 million more people are 
currently living on less than USD 1.90 a day.  The IMF projects cumulative global output losses from 
the pandemic would amount to  nearly USD 13.8 trillion through 2024. We are aware  that the 
Omicron is the latest reminder that a durable and inclusive recovery is impossible while the pandemic 
continues. And the considerable uncertainty remains about the path of the virus post -Omicron, 
including the durability of protection offered by vaccines o r prior infections, and the risk of new 
variants. Under these circumstances , the best  possible  remedy is to mov e from a singular focus on 
vaccines to ensuring that each Members  has equitable access to a  comprehensive COVID -19 toolkit 
including  vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics. The COVID -19 vaccination rate is significantly low 
in the LDCs and mostly in the African continent and the average daily testing rate in the developing 
world  is as low as one -eightieth (1/80) the rate in developed c ountries. A recent WHO statement 
dated 22 April 2022 highlights that improving access to early testing and diagnosis in primary health 
care settings will be key for the global rollout of this treatment.   
5.16.  As a cosponsor of the temporary waiver on TRIPS in IP/C/W/669/Rev.1, along with the LDC 
Group, Bangladesh continues to believe that our objective on this should be to overcome the barriers 
to achieve equitable and timely access of vaccine and therapeutics by all . Without scaling up the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  production of vaccine s, diagnostics and therapeutics in different regions where we have 
manufacturing capacities, affordable, timely and equitable access to vaccines and therapeutics 
against COVID -19 particularly by the low -income countries cannot be ensured.  For this to happe n, 
the barriers of intellectual property (i.e. patents, trade secrets and beyond) have to be temporarily 
waived. We also welcome any complementary proposal from Members to address the severe crises 
of humanity today. It  is a pity that we have not yet been able to begin a text -based discussion on 
this urgent issue during the last 18 months. In this context, my delegation appreciates the recent 
initiative by the Director -General  and her team to facilitate high level informal consultation s among 
four Members t o find a landing zone. We have received the D irector -General's  communication in 
IP/C/W/688 o n 3 May through the TRIPS Council Chair. We have sent the communication to our 
capital and we are currently waiting for further guidance. As the communication is ci rculated only a 
few days back, we  did not have sufficient time to reflect on the text in detail.  We also take note of 
the D irector -General's  clarification that the text proposed in the communication is without prejudice 
to the positions of those Members. T herefore, in our understanding, this is not an agreed text and 
we have a lot of work to do on this.  Yet, we appreciate this initiative . At least we now have a 
document to begin text -based discussion s and we hope that concerns and suggestions from 
Members w ill be accommodated in the final outcome . Bangladesh, along with the LDC Group, looks 
forward to working with Members on this issue under the auspices of the TRIPS Council. We also 
stress the need for negotiations to deliver as soon as possible a meaningfu l and effective outcome 
on the temporary waiver proposal.  Bangladesh expects tha t Members will not fail to deliver a solution 
to address the most pressing need of humanity. We stand ready for further work in this regard.  
5.17.  The representative of Peru deliver ed the following statement:  
5.18.  We welcome this initial  text by the Quad on the temporary IP waiver for COVID products. This 
is the right way to move forward to deal with the lack of global production of vaccines and should 
ensure a fairer access to these goods. Looking at MC12, we need  to move forward already with text -
based neg otiations. We need to do this urgently. We always get stuck in formalities so let us not let 
us not make t he perfect be the enemy of the good . Of course, we  would like everything to be perfect : 
But we  cannot afford to lose time. We need to reach a consensu al decision  soon.  This will 
demonstrate  the cooperation and international solidarity that the world is expecting from the WTO . 
This virus can only be dealt with if we all work together. Nobody is safe until everybody is safe. Peru 
would like to  send a stro ng message on the relevance, utility and the need for a robust mult ilateral  
system to be able to deal with problems such as this. Having read the document, we have a couple 
of questions  that we will  pose in the appropriate forum . But we do see that the doc ument is broadly 
in line with Peru's objectives to allow fair and equal access to vaccines and therapeutics. To conclude, 
we reaffirm Peru's  commitment to engage in this process in a robust and constructive man ner. 
5.19.  The representative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
5.20.  Pakistan recall s its previous statements on this issue in the General Council and the TRIPS 
Council  and echoes the statement made by South Africa and other co -sponsors on this item today.  
We have noted the recent developments on th is extremely important and sensitive issue and we 
thank everyone for the efforts in trying to find a solution. At the outset, let us be clear that while 
the pandemic appears to be over in some parts of the world, particularly in the advanced  regions , 
the virus and the disease have not completely gone away. Moreover, it has taken us over two years 
to get to this position and still, vaccine inequity continues to remain entrenched across the world. 
The inequity mimics in so many ways, the divide between the haves and the have-nots, and mostly 
developed and developing Members . This does tell us  that any solution that may yet come out of 
this negotiation would be woefully late and its efficacy would be closely watched.  Nevertheless, we 
are thankful to the effor ts of all those who have made the situation possible where we can at least 
hope for the commencement of some degree of text -based negotiations. We have shared the 
recently circulated text with our capital colleagues and we will provide specific feedback in  due 
course. At first glance, however, we would like to point out that specific exclusion criteria for 
Members  in the text, based on their individual capacities or abilities will make it difficult to reach 
consensus as we have already heard from several Members during the recent informal meeting of 
the TRIPS Council. Not only are they problematic for this issue  but such criteria also create s a bad 
precedence for other negotiations. My government remains resolute in its belief that addressing IP -
related chal lenges is a necessity to address such issues globally and in a lasting manner. We are 
also firm in our belief in the ability of human beings to put aside private profit -maximi zing tendencies 
for the greater good of humanity to save lives.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  5.21.  The representativ e of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
5.22.  We congratulate the members of the Quad and the D irector -General  for their work aimed at  
delivering a credible draft for consideration by the broader Membership. We also thank the  Director -
General  for circulating IP/C/W/688.  We consider the draft a product of efforts to balance issues and 
concerns of all Members. The text is under consideration in our capitals. We maintain that a mutually 
acceptable outcome in this process is an im portant element in the global response efforts to the 
considerable challenges posed by the COVID -19 Pandemic. A credible outcome can also assist in 
resilience building for future pandemics.  While over 67% of the world 's population has received at 
least one  dose, there remains a striking divide when this figure is reviewed at the regional and 
national levels. Surprisingly, we have listened to some delegations expressing the view that vaccines 
are now readily available and therefore there is no need for such instrument in the WTO. While there 
has been a modest improvement in availability, it should be noted that developing and LDC  Member s 
are the ones experiencing the lag in global vaccination. The whole continent of Africa, for example, 
has a vaccination rate  of only 21.3%.  The concentration of production of medicines, therapeutics 
and diagnostics in a few  countries  creates unequal access and inequity in response and recovery 
process. It also poses a threat to Members at the domestic  level, affecting human lif e, livelihoods 
and economic recovery as the most vulnerable Members are left behind. The past two and a half 
years have shown us that no one is safe until everyone is safe. As a result, diversification of 
production is critical for recover y and preparation  for future pandemics.  The ACP Group looks forward 
to the deliberations and to the timely conclusion of the negotiations for Ministers ' adoption of an 
agreement at MC12.  
5.23.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
5.24.  My delegation extends appreciation to the Director -General  and DDG  González , and all 
involved especially India, South Africa, the E uropean Union  and the U nited States  in achieving a 
draft outcome. I hop e this draft will be a good basis  to conclude text -based negotiations for adoption 
of the TRIPS Waiver. It will contribute to saving lives of millions of people across the world and also 
regaining trust in this institution. Our capital is examining the draft outcomes and we will share our  
perspective once we receive guidance.  
5.25.  The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
5.26.  We take note of the oral report from the TRIP S Council Chair and welcome the communication 
dated 3 May containing the outcome of informal discussions be tween a group of Ministers, and look 
forward to continuing our deliberation of this important topic in the TRIPS Council. We need to strike 
a balance between on the one hand ensuring that IPRs do not constitute a barrier to solving the 
current or future he alth crises, and on the other hand preserving the incentives for innovation.  
Norway believes that a time -limited waiver related to patents on vaccines can be part of such a 
balanced approach. With this in mind, we encourage all Members to be flexible and s olution -oriented 
so that we can find a pragmatic compromise that can achieve consensus.  
5.27.  The representative of Cambodia  delivered the following statement:  
5.28.  Cambodia associates with the statement made by the LDC Group.  We note the important 
development on the  TRIPS waiver proposal with the release of  the paper in document IP/C/W/688  
resulting from the Quad informal process. Once again, we would like to thank the Director -General  
and her team for their initiative and hard work. While we note that the coverage o f the paper is not 
as comprehensive as the original TRIPS waiver proposal and that problematic issue s remain  including 
an eligibility criterion, the first door that could lead to more doors of opportunity has already been 
opened and that we should take this as a sign of progress toward a possible outcome.  We are 
consulting with capital at this stage as well as w ithin the LDC Group and we will be constructive in 
our engagement as the text is moved to the TRIPS Council for deliberation.  
5.29.  The representative of the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
5.30.  Russia welcome s the D irector -General's  communicati on dated  3 May and the proposal 
elaborated by the group of Members under the leadership of the Director -General and D DG González . 
We think this proposal can be a bas is for a potential consensus on the TRIPS COVID -19 response by 
the beginning of MC12 . We ta ke note that the presented text does not cover medical equipment, WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  therapeutics and diagnostic tools which are significant elements for public health and are as 
important as the vaccines.  We would also like to draw the attention to the fact that the experie nce 
gained during the TRIPS Council discussions over the past two years has shown that in the time of 
the pandemic , TRIPS flexibilities are relevant to all economies. That is why we believe that all 
developing and LDC  Members  should be eligible and be free  to decide on their own whether to use 
any instrument of this kind or not. We hope that future negotiations will be open and transparent . 
Russia  stand s ready to engage in them constructively.  
5.31.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
5.32.  Indonesia support s the TRIPS  Council 's recommendation to continue our work.  We also 
appreciate the official circulation of document IP/C/W/688  that enable s us to continue the long 
overdue text -based negotiation s. While w e are still consulting with capital, allow me to reiterate 
some preliminary views on document  IP/C/W/688. First, for footnote  1, we prefer  an approach  where  
the eligibility  of a Member is not decided upon an arbitrary criteria.  Second, a Decision on the TR IPS 
Waiver should not undermine existing flexibilities provided in the TRIPS Agreement, let alone create 
additional burdens, or be TRIPS Plus in nature.  Third, with some parts of the world preparing for the 
endemicity of COVID -19, therapeutics  and diagnostics  are becoming  even more vital. To date, most 
WHO-recommended treatments for COVID -19 are either inaccessible or unaffordable to developing 
and LDC  Member s. In the case of Indonesia,  with less than USD 4000 of income  per capita,  it is 
estimated t hat the cost of treatment for COVID -19 is between USD 5 to 10 thousand for each patient.  
We also need to better  prepare  for another  pandemic  or global emergency in the future.  It is our hope 
that the mantra  "where  nobody  is safe until everyone  is" will not just be another rhetoric but always 
be considered in our negotiations.  
5.33.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
5.34.  South Africa, together with India, put the TRIPS waiver proposal forward on October 2020 
and is now co -sponsore d by 65 Members and supported by over 100 Members with the view to 
diversify production across the world, and especially in Africa, that is heavily reliant on imports for 
99% of its vaccine needs. We were hoping that the Membership would engage with a view  to resolve 
these issues quickly given the impact on human lives across the globe. And this is in recognition of 
the unprecedented nature of the pandemic that necessitates that IP is not a barrier to ramping up 
and diversifying production and manufacturing  across the world. We believe that the COVID -19 
pandemic is still a reality for many of us including South Africa that is facing its fifth wave. We thank 
the D irector -General  for facilitating Ministerial -level discussions aimed at breaking the impasse in 
the TRIPS Council and working with an informal group of Members to develop a framework without 
prejudice to their respective positions that can be used as a platform that can be built upon by the 
Membership towards a multilateral outcome through text -based negotiations in the TRIPS Council. 
We hope that Members will engage constructively in a solution -oriented mode towards a workable 
solution that will unlock productive capacit y and promote diversification of COVID -19 products across 
the world. An outcome is within reach and is long overdue. We hope that Members can reach a 
decision on this important issue before MC12. Our interest is to ultimately come up with a workable 
instru ment that will promote manufacturing of COVID -19 products including therapeutics and 
diagnostics so that we can address inequity on all COVID -19 tools in a sustainable and  holistic 
manner.  
5.35.  The representative of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
5.36.  I associate with the statements by the African Group and the LDC Group . We thank the 
Director -General  for her communication dated 3 May in document IP/C/W/688 which  is the draft 
outcome from the Q uad process. We commend her for the initiative and her tirele ss efforts working 
with the members of the Quad  towards that outcome. It is true that the draft outcome document as 
it is does not contain all the vital elements to cover the COVID -19 pandemic, that it excludes some 
of the key elements particularly diagnos tics and therapeutic s. However, our delegation welcomes 
the draft outcome document as a work in progress and as a basis for negotiations towards reaching 
a meaningful outcome.  Apparently , the pandemic has slowed down globally, but as a matter of fact, 
it is not yet over  nor is it sufficient t o call it a total eradication of the COVID -19 virus. We have not 
yet even achieved global -herd immunity for vaccination  of at least 70% of the global population as 
suggested by the W HO. Majority of  the unvaccinated popu lations are in Africa and in the developing 
world  due to inadequate access of affordable vaccines  – a situation which the W HO has treated as a 
moral failing and has cautioned that we are playing with fire that continues to burn us. The COVID -WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  19 virus will continue to mutate and may lead to a point where the current vaccines and medical 
treatments will become ineffective and we will get back to square one and will witness more deaths, 
more lockdowns and disruption of trade and economic activities around the world. The IMF estimates 
that the global food loss caused by the pandemic will reach USD 15.8 trillion by 2024 with the current 
situation of COVID -19 pandemic  – adding to the need to intensify global cooperation and efforts to 
break the hold of the pandemic by ensuring testing, vaccination and access to therapeutics. As we 
have done in the past, Tanzania u rges Members to exercise flexibility through constructive 
engagement in the TRIPS  Council for a meaningful outcome on the waiver which will contribute 
towards the eradication of the COVID -19 pandemic.  
5.37.  The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
5.38.  The European Union has been at the forefront of the WTO disc ussions to deliver on a trade 
policy response to the COVID -19 pandemic. Already in June 2021, we put forward a comprehensive 
approach in relation to trade and health, which included commitments on trade facilitating measures, 
improved transparency, restrai nt from export restrictions, as well as expanding production capacity. 
Intellectual property is also part of the broader solution.  Fair access to vaccines and the 
strengthening of the production capacity is crucial to fight the pandemic, especially in regi ons such 
as Africa that depend on imports of pharmaceutical products. The good news is that the situation as 
regards supply of COVID -19 vaccines has substantially improved with supplies exceeding demand. 
It is true that the pandemic is not over in certain parts of the world, but the reality is that there is 
now an excess of vaccines supply. Since last autumn, the European Union has been engaged in 
informal discussions with the D irector -General , DDG González , representatives of South Africa, India 
and the Un ited States in the so -called quadrilateral process on the intellectual property element of 
the WTO response to the COVID -19 pandemic.  The process has been difficult and protracted but has 
resulted in a compromise outcome that offers what we believe is the most promising path toward 
achieving a meaningful outcome among all WTO Members.  
5.39.  In parallel to these discussions, the European Union has continued working on various fronts 
to address the identified bottlenecks that stand in the way of achieving our comm on goal of ensuring 
equitable access to COVID -19 vaccines and medicines. We have also continued discussions on the 
other elements of the comprehensive response to the pandemic. The European Union is supporting 
the expansion of local vaccine production in A frica, more precisely in Ghana, Senegal, South Africa 
and Rwanda, with an investment of EUR 1 billion. We also see various industry initiatives aiming to 
increase the production capacity in Africa – whether in the form of BioNTech cooperating with a 
number  of African countries on mRNA technology by delivering Biontainers and the blueprints for 
the production of vaccines or by Moderna setting up production facilities.  This all just shows that the 
collaboration and transfer of technology is not theoretical, i t is happening on the ground. We must 
continue to work together to create the conditions for what will be most needed for regions such as 
Africa going forward, notably private investment and transfer of technology.  The European Union 
sees the outcome of th e quadrilateral consultations as only one element of a broader package of key 
outcomes for MC12, including broader aspects of trade and health, joint action against food security 
concerns, agricultural reform, sustainability through the conclusion of the f isheries subsidies 
negotiations and WTO reform.  
5.40.  The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
5.41.  The efforts deployed by the Director -General and DDG González  are commendable. We are 
examining the text that  has been submitted. Obviously, our aim is to allow access to intellectual 
property facilitating all administrative hurdles. We must  therefore  be more concerned with facilitating 
the access of vaccines and medicines to all. Any practical decision that we m ay reach must not 
hamper existing flexibilities but rather enhance them. With an open mind and a constructive spirit, 
the African Group will therefore study these draft texts, trusting in our common will to find a mutually 
agreeable outcome. We also thank China for its compromise solution concerning  this draft text.  
5.42.  The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , delivered the 
following statement:  
5.43.  The OECS associates with  statement s by CARICOM and the ACP.  We take note of the 
conclusion of the Quad 's informal process for an intellectual property response to COVID -19. We WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  applaud all those involved in this process, including the Director -General and her team for the 
excellent leadership and their updates to the Membership whi ch helped to maintain transparency 
throughout the process. We recognize that the outcome of the Quad 's process deviates from the 
original waiver proposal in terms of ambition. This outcome has been to the annoyance of some  
WTO Members, private sector and c ivil society for different reasons  – some on the basis that it does 
not go far enough, and others suggesting that it goes too far.  Nonetheless, a meaningful outcome 
on the TRIPS waiver is an important tool in the fight against COVID -19. While roughly 11.63  billion  
COVID -19 vaccine doses have been administered globally, developed  Members  have been the main 
beneficiaries with only a tiny portion  of people in the developing world having  received at least one 
dose.  Therefore, even as some are already talking ab out a post -pandemic phase for COVID -19, 
many others are not close to such a juncture. This underscores the need for an adequate intellectual 
property response to combat the pandemic.  The outcome of the Quad 's process may not be perfect, 
but we cannot allow  perfection to be the enemy of the good. The OECS looks forward to playing a 
constructive role on this issue in the context of the TRIPS Council.  
5.44.  The representative of the Plurinational State of Bolivia  delivered the following statement:  
5.45.  We associate with the statement s by South Africa and other co -sponsors. We reiterate our 
thanks  to the D irector -General  and DDG González  as well as to the United States, the E uropean 
Union, India and South Africa in the context of the quad rilateral discussion s to try and reach 
consensus. These are difficult circumstances  and we  are still studying this draft. This is very far from 
our proposal but we do feel that we need to stress the need to maintain the flexibilities that are 
already in place. After years of discussions, we need to find an adequate response to this health 
crisis. We need to reach a text in which the concerns of all Members  are reflected. We cannot fail to 
state our views regarding this draft. We understand that this pandemic gives rise to exce ptional 
measures due to exceptional circumstances. We reiterate our willingness to work in collaboration 
with all Members in order to reach an adequate response to this situation.  
5.46.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
5.47.  We commend  the efforts  made  by the Director -General in  bringing Members together towards 
a consensual language on the IP front as well  as the participants  – the United States , the European 
Union , India and South  Africa  – for showing  to Members  that plurilateral  negotiations  can deliver  
negotiating  outcomes.  We believe that a workable and pragmatic solution for the IP file will be an 
important part of the broader package of results expected for MC12.  Brazil  remains  committed  to 
finding  common  ground  on the TRIPS  waiver discussions and will engage with interested parties in 
that end.  Brazil would like to confirm with the four proponents whether there is an agreement on 
the text, whether comments to the text should be sent to the four proponents for potential 
adjustments and how the proponents intend to work towards MC12 on improving its common text.  
5.48.  The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
5.49.  We welcome the progress on the initial compromise on a TRIPS Waiver as part of the WTO's 
response to the pandemic.  Since  the emergence of the COVID -19 pandemic, the LDC  Group ha s 
been in an ex tremely precarious situation and ha s been experiencing real difficulties in  accessing 
health goods. We recognize that there is more work to be done  as evidence d in the discussions that 
have been kicked off in the TRIPS Council under the able leadership of  its Chair  and we are currently 
reviewing the proposed compromised text. We are keen to engage with the proponents so that we 
can find the landing zone which will benefit everyone particularly the most vulnerable  among us . We 
think that it is absolutely ess ential that the WTO highlight s the central role of the multilateral trading 
system in bringing to people goods that will fight this pandemic. We need to  ensure that there is fair 
access to these products particularly for the most vulnerable  – the LDCs.   
5.50.  The representative of Paraguay  delivered the following statement:  
5.51.  With respect to the TRIPS discussions, we would like to point out that Paraguay is still 
conducting domestic consultations on IP/C/W/ 688. Paraguay considers this text  as a positive sign in 
order to unblock discussions and, in that regard, we will continue to work constructively in the 
context of the TRIPS Council to reach a negotiated solution that would turn intellectual property into 
an ally to address this and futur e pandemics.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  5.52.  The representative of Argentina  delivered the following statement:  
5.53.  Argentina would like  to thank the Director -General  and DDG González for their work, and for 
having circulated the communication IP/C/W/688, within the spirit of transparency and inclusivity. 
We are still receiving the contents of the document and we will present our comments once we have 
completed those internal consultatio ns. But we do hope that this serves as impetus to move to text -
based negotiations with a view to reaching tangible results at MC1 2 – ensuring better access to 
health goods to developing Members  and bringing an end to COVID -19. As co -sponsors of the waiver 
proposal , we would like to, yet again, simply underscore how important it is for Argentina for 
Members  to reach consensus -based decisions on IP-related matters  within the  context of MC12  and 
pandemic  response. We would like to thank China for its comments earlier and we think that this is 
proof of the flexibility that we should all bear in mind when we are entering negotiations.  
5.54.  The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
5.55.  We commend  the Director -General  and DDG González  for their persever ance in reaching the 
proposed agreement, as contained in IP/C/W/6 88 which we consider a step forward for the WTO to 
deliver on a long -awaited, viable and meaningful outcome. In fact, after the submission of the initial 
proposal of the TRIPS waiver, and its revisions as contained in IP/C/W/ 669/Rev.1, negotiations in 
the TRIPS Council stall ed for months. For this reason, we reiterate the importance of engaging in 
constructive negotiations within the TRIPS Council. We also stress that the negotiations should allow 
for a cons ensual outcome on the waiver proposal that is prac tical and widely supported. We are 
consulting with ou r capital officials and shall come back with our substantive suggestions on the 
various elements of importance to us. However, my delegation 's initial observations are that the 
proposed text should neither be limited to the current pandemic but should also cover fu ture ones 
nor should it be limited to vaccines, as it should also include diagnostics and therapeutics from the 
very beginning. The outcome should n either  be burdensome on beneficiary developing  Members  nor 
create unnecessary conditionalit ies for them to seek recourse to the outcome. The outcome should 
address the flexibilities contain ed in the TRIPS Agreement that are conducive to transfer technology 
as contained in Article 7 of the Agreement. M oreover, we echo the statement made by Cameroon 
that the outcome should not undermine the existing flexibilities or become a TRIPS burden kind of 
commitment. We underscore that, as in any multilateral negotiations, the outcome should ensure 
full and effect ive participation of all. In this regard, we assure everyone that  Egypt will engage 
constructively with all Members on a text -based negotiation to deliver the desired outcome. We 
associate with the statements by the co -sponsors of the TRIPS Waiver.   
5.56.  The re presentative of the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
5.57.  I suspect, at least, that most people in this room know very well our position o n the substance 
of this issue and that has  not fundamentally changed. As you know, we believe that the int ellectual 
property framework has enabled the innovation that has been essential to deal with an 
unprecedented pandemic, and as others have said, continues to rage with such ferocity in so many 
parts of the world. It has allowed us to develop vaccines , ther apeutics and diagnostics at an 
extraordinary pace. And , as somebody who sat on our own vaccine taskforce back in 2020, I never 
believed back in the spring of 2020 that we would have produced the vaccines that we have produced 
as a global community at such a pace and at such a scale. For the United Kingdom,  that existing 
intellectual property framework allowed us as a government to work with Oxford and with Astra 
Zeneca, to not only develop that vaccine, but to ensure its voluntary licencing to other countri es and 
other producers so as to make it more widely available. As others have reflected, for much of the 
pandemic, we have faced chronic issues of under -supply of vaccines  and the inequitable distribution 
of vaccines particularly in Africa. But that issue of under supply is no longer the issue of today. What 
we now face, as others have said, is actually an excess of production and that is what is leading 
producers, including producers to whom we have voluntary licenced the Astra Zeneca Oxford 
vaccine , to reduce their  production . It is what is threatening sadly some of the new manufacturing 
centres that have been established to produce the vaccine s. So, I do think we have to reflect the 
reality of the issues we now face which are particularly about delivery o f those vaccines clearly to 
many countries in the world who still have not received sufficient quantities of the vaccine but also 
to think ahead clearly to how we would deal with pandemic challenges in the future.  
5.58.  Let me pay tribute to the commitment and persistence of the D irector -General  and DDG 
González  on these dossiers and to the work done by the Quad in arriving at the text that is now in 
front of us. It would be fair to say that, as a country which feels it played its part here in the voluntary WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 43 - 
 
  licencing of the Astra Zeneca vaccine, while we admire this proactive plurilateralism by the four 
Member s involved, we were not part of that discussion . We would have liked to have been part of it 
but were  not. So, we are not privy to all the discussions that went on . We are not privy to the 
thinking that lies behind the precise language that we now have in front of us. So, as you might 
imagine, like others in this room, we have questions. We have questions about the precise meaning 
of the text , about the scope of the provisions , about how this would apply in the future , how this 
would actually work in practi ce and what it means for th e intellectual property framework which we 
cherish so highly and which we think has been so effective in response to this pandemic  and which 
would, by necessity, be so important to the responses to future pandemics. Yesterday, wh en we 
were discussing the broader issue of health and trade, we also think that whatever response we 
finally arrive at on this precise issue of the intellectual property framework, it has to be part of a 
broader response to health and the pandemic, as we h ave been discussing for these last two years  
– a response that also reflects the other issues that have affected all of us, developed or developing, 
as we have sought to respond to this pandemic . These include export restrictions, transparency, and 
trade f acilitation . These  have to be part of that broader package and indeed they need to be part of 
a broader outcome to this forthcoming Ministerial  together with food security , agriculture , WTO 
reform  and fisheries subsidies . So, we look forward to further cla rification on how we are going to 
take forward the discussion of this text, how we are going to respond to the questions and concerns 
that many of us in this room may have before we arrive at any conclusion for our Ministers at MC12.  
5.59.  The representative of  the Maldives  delivered the following statement:  
5.60.  I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Director -General for her exceptional work to 
put forward an outcome document that can be used by all Members to work together in global 
solidarity to move forward  with text -based negotiations on a TRIPS Waiver from certain provisions 
of the TRIPS  Agreement for the prevention, containment and treatment of COVID -19. I would also 
like to highlight the positive spirit in which the Quad members engaged in th is discussion to 
overcome the impasse of over a year. With reference to the outcome document IP/C/W/688, the 
document provides  clarifications and waivers in relation to some aspects of Article 31 of the TRIPS 
Agreement  and a clarification in relation to Article 39.3 in respect of patents and vaccines.  However, 
it does not waive obligations with regard to therapeutics, diagnostics and other technologies.  At this 
juncture, it is important to move forward with the aim of providing universal access to COVID -19 
vaccines to control the pandemic and to reach S DGs. While we have agreed to move forward with 
the text based negotiations for a TRIPS waiver, we should be mindful of the limited time we have 
ahead of MC12. It is vital to try and conclude the negotiation pr ocess before MC12 so that Ministers 
can agree on a practical outcome document. In this regard, I would like to echo previous speakers 
in calling for accelerated efforts to achieve substantive progress through textual discussions and 
reaching a positive out come with regard to the proposed waiver in the interest of time . 
5.61.  The representative of Thailand  delivered the following statement:  
5.62.  Thailand is willing to consider the draft text that has been put forward for consideration on 
the issue of the waiver. I am n ot going to talk about the process that has led to it but let  us put the 
past behind us and try to find a conclusion on the agreement on what we have in front of us and 
move forward so we can conclude this issue which is very important to many Members. Hav ing said 
that, it has always been our position that we would prefer to have a holistic approach to th is issue. 
But we have always recogni zed that a waiver will have to be a part of it because of the importance 
that many Members have attached to it . So, I am glad we have a basis to continue. I would also like 
to take note of the statement of China  that whatever the outcome  would be, it  would be opting out 
of this. We have taken note of this and  we look forward to working with China to come up with the 
accept able agreement. The last point that I would like to make is on substance . While Thailand would 
be happy to use this draft as a basis, in the way we see it now, this draft is tailored or crafted for a 
waiver for vaccines only. This is the way we are looking  at it now. There are certain elements in this 
draft that in our view have systemic implications if they are going to be applied to other aspects of 
the pandemic  and also even go ing beyond the issue of the pandemic. For example, the criteria on 
eligible Members, as I said at the TNC, this has clearly, in my mind, strong implications o n the WTO 
regimes . So, we would like to take some time to carefully think about this and about  the po ssibility 
of having a future waiver on diagnostics and therapeutics . I do not think that we need to apply this 
template automatically. The vaccine is a peculiar product . The vaccine has been deemed very, very 
vital, so it is understandable that maybe addre ssing access to vaccines  through this waiver  is called 
for. But the products and diagnostics and therapeutics, and other things, that are related to vaccines, 
are scattered around the world. There are many Members  that have interests or capabilities of WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 44 - 
 
  producing them . Therefore, we have to think carefully. If we are going to try to apply this waiver 
template, we need to keep in mind that this is meant for vaccines . So, we need to think first before 
we extend t his to  others without changing or adapting the c riteria  for future use . This is just my 
preliminary view on the draft, but we stand ready to engage with Members in the next five weeks in 
order to arrive at an acceptable agreement on the rules on the waiver on vaccines . This will be 
something that we can  deliver for Ministers  to adopt  at MC12 .  
5.63.  The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
5.64.  Switzerland has taken note of  document  IP/C/W/688 as  circulated  to Members  last week.  At 
this point in time, the text is being actively reviewed in capital. While recalling the elements of our 
intervention delivered under item 4 of this meeting, we would underline that responses to a number 
of basic questions are expected to assess the document more thoroughly. These include notably 
questions on th e nature and the status of the document.  
5.65.  The representative of New Zealand  delivered the following statement:  
5.66.  We agree that the document circulated on 3 May is the best opportunity we have at a 
multilateral outcome on this important issue, and we look forward to working with the TRIPS Council 
Chair and other Members to that end. We would also like to welcome pragm atism and commitment, 
to taking that next step, that various Members have demonstrated today. On the paper itself, we 
welcome it as a creative solution to a long -running and difficult debate and we thank the delegations 
and Secretariat staff involved in it s production. New Zealand is reviewing the proposal in -line with 
our support and expectation of a strong WTO response to the pandemic at MC12.  
5.67.  The representative of Australia  delivered the following statement:  
5.68.  We are on the threshold thanks to the leadersh ip of the D irector -General , of DDG González , 
of the four Members involved and their hard work, of the pragmatism we heard today from a range 
of Members, including China. We are on the threshold of an outcome here. Australia welcomes this 
shaping up of an o utcome as an important step towards a positive, meaningful and consensus -driven 
response on something that has been before this Membership and before global trade for the last 
two years of serious consequence to this pandemic and for future pandemics. So , I commend 
everyone involved. As the TRIPS Council Chair just said, this is not something we need to speculate 
on the provenance of it or the ownership of it but we do need to think about the future of it and the 
future of it should  be positive given what w e just heard today . So, let us all back it. Let us absolutely 
make sure that it is one of the key outcomes . As the U nited Kingdom  said earlier , this has got to be 
part of the broader response we have in front of us in MC12, not only on the pandemic but als o on 
the issues facing the globe on food security and on the environment. So , outcomes in those areas 
are going to be required as well.  
5.69.  The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
5.70.  Japan appreciate s the fact that the D irector -General , DDG  González , and the Members 
concerned had informal substantive discussions toward a text.  On the other hand, as this process 
has been held among a limited number of Members, others, including Japan, need time to consi der 
this outcome in order to reach a consensus among the  Members hip as a whole.  As this has a systemic 
impact toward future crisis response of any kind, we understand that Members will continue the 
discussions in the TRIPS Council while taking this outcome  into consideration. Japan will engage in 
the discussions constructively toward reaching a point of convergence among all Members on our 
common goal of providing timely and equitable access to high -quality, safe, effective and affordable 
vaccines.  Furtherm ore, the pandemic response should be a balanced and holistic outcome in order 
to be truly effective. As we try to achieve some agreement in the area of IP, then, a significant 
agreement on non -IP is equally essential.  
5.71.  The representative of Singapore  delive red the following statement:  
5.72.  Singapore commends the efforts that have been made by the Director -General  and DDG 
González , together with some Members to find a way forward on the TRIPS waiver proposal. Let me 
make three brief points . First, Members should a pproach the current proposal with an open mind 
and flexibility. The proposal on the table provides a useful basis for further discussions on the TRIPS WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 45 - 
 
  waiver and demonstrates that Members can make progress on difficult issues if we are willing to 
exercise flexibility. More importantly , Members should avoid back -tracking on the progress made 
thus far. Instead, the focus should be on the momentum, to finetune the proposal and broaden its 
appeal to all Members. Second, as we look at this proposal, our discussi ons should take into account 
the reality of the situation on the ground. Clearly , the pandemic has not been vanquished but it is 
also clear that it is stabilizing.  Demands for vaccines has declined considerably . There is now an 
over-supply of vaccines whic h are nearing the end of their shelf -life. Third, it is equally important to 
take a long -term perspective and ensure that we preserve the incentive for innovation so that we 
are better prepared to respond to future pandemics. Singapore stands ready to enga ge 
constructively and working closely with Members to deliver an outcome on this important issue.  
5.73.  The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
5.74.  Regarding document IP/C/W/688, circulated on 3  May , we wish preliminarily to indicate that 
we consider it to be a good basis for further discussions on this matter. The document has been 
transmitted to our authorities for consultation and we hope that we will soon receive specific 
instructions in this regard.  We recognize the leade rship demonstrated by the Director -General, and 
by DDG González during the process that led to the submission of this document.  We reiterate our 
willingness to continue to participate constructively in the consultations organized by the Chair of 
the TRIPS Council.  We also hope that Members will reach an agreement on this matter which will 
enable us to put forward a balanced outcome for consideration by Ministers  at MC12.  
5.75.  The representative of the United States  delivered the following statement:  
5.76.  We thank the  Director -General and DDG González  for further efforts in putting us together 
and putting this text out for all Members to consider and consult on. We are actively engaged in 
domestic consultations on the text , and we look forward to continuing to engage w ith all Members 
to look for areas of convergence that can lead us to a consensus result.  
5.77.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
5.78.  We note the communication  made by the TRIPS Council Chair on 3 May. An outcome on this 
proposal needs t o be immediately doable, practical and one that ensures security of supply and 
equitable and affordable access. It is my hope that going forward in these discussions, Members will 
engage in good faith to  reach an effective outcome before MC12  on this criti cal issue based on the 
text-based negotiations in the TRIPS Council. To this end , India remains committed to working 
constructively with other Members for a consensus -based, meaningful outcome.  
5.79.  The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
5.80.  I want to start by thanking the TRIPS Council Chair but also thanking colleagues in particular 
the Quad. They engaged constructively in the discussion that led to the proposal before you . And 
you heard from them today. I want to thank you for the construct ive spirit that I sense in this room. 
It is actually amazing  – even those who have questions, legitimately so because they may not have 
been in the room – everyone is ready to pitch together to get an outcome based on this . To me, it 
is pretty amazing. There is so much noise about this issue outside and I am very proud that Members 
here are doing what is necessary, not getting distracted by all the noise  outside.  Let us just leave it 
there. I hope we can continue to focus and dedicate ourselves to getting a n answer for the people 
who are waiting for us and not get distracted. There is a lot of work still to be done but I think if we 
put our minds to it, we can. In that regard , I want to say special thank you to China. China has 
made a bold move today, and we  should recognize it and I think it really opens up the spirit of 
constructiveness which I hope will be forthcoming from all Members to get a workable proposal out 
of this. I  am feeling pretty good right now about what I have heard in the room . You can nev er say 
never to very difficult things at the WTO but you can not also say done until it is done. So, what I 
want to say to all of you once again is thank you very much and let  us get it done.  
5.81.  The Chair encourage d all delegations to remain positively engaged and adopt a pragmatic and 
constructive attitude in discussions on this draft outcome text.  He thanked the TRIPS Council Chair  
for his report on the discussions in the TRIPS Council, which  would continue with a view to arriving 
at a result by MC12.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  5.82.  The General Council took note  of the report by the Chair of the Council for TRIPS, the 
statement made by the Director -General and of the other statements.  
6  COMMITTEE ON BUDGET, FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION – REPORT ON ME ETING OF 
MARCH 2022 (WT/BFA/202)  
6.1.  The Chair drew Members' attention to the report of the Budget Committee in document 
WT/BFA/202, and invited Ambassador Waldmann  of German y, Chair of the CBFA, to introduce the 
report.   
6.2.  Ambassador Bettina Waldmann  (Germany), Chair of the Committee on Budget, Finance and 
Administration , provided the following statement:  
6.3.  My remarks will focus on the  report of the  CBFA meeting that was held on 17 March  2022, 
bearing the reference WT/BFA/ 202.  
6.4.  On the  2022 Work Plan , the Committee discussed the CBFA  work plan for the year. Several 
Members requested that updates on the ongoing Secretariat transformation process  be a standing  
item on the agenda of all regular CBFA meetings in 2022 . DDG Ellard has agreed and has been 
provid ing updates this year. Members also welcomed  the inclusion of long -term liabilities on the 
work plan, noting that these financial commitments are a major issue . Regarding the CBFA work 
plan for 2022 , let me also mention that the Secretariat  will be present ing the mid -term review report 
to Members later this year .  
6.5.  On the  2022 Salary Scale and Dependency Allowances , in accordance with the Salary 
Adjustment Methodology, set out in Annex B of the Staff Regulations, a salary survey was carried 
out comparing WTO salaries with those of the market comparators . Overall, the salary survey 
indicated that a 0.9% increase should be made to the WTO salary scale  for 2022 . As a result, two 
existing frozen salary scales were overtaken and therefore removed . No adjustment was made to 
dependency allowances.  
6.6.  On the Status Update on the Implementation of External Audit Recommendations , the external 
auditors perform two audits every year: a financial audit  and a performance audit.  The update given 
at the CBFA was that the Secretariat had accepted all the 55  recommendations issued for 2019 -
2021.  Out of these, 30 were closed; 14 have been imp lemented and will be proposed for closure 
during the audit exercise in May 2022; and 11 were still ongoing.  
6.7.  On Contributions from Members and Observers , the Secretariat notified the CBFA  that 
contributions received from Members in 2021 were slightly higher  than in 2020. The difference was 
mainly due to several Members having paid their 2020 contributions in early 202 1. There were 16  
Members subject to administrative measures as at 31 December 2021, with a total outstanding 
amount of CHF 10 million and eight  Observers with a total outstanding amount of CHF  0.8 million.  
At the March meeting of the CBFA, several  delegations underlined the need to implement all 
Administrative Measures and highlighted that this also be applied to the General Council . The 
Committe e on Budget, Finance and Administration makes the following recommendation to the 
General Council:  
a. The Committee invites the General Council to urge Members and Observers under 
Administrative Measures to liquidate their arrears.  
6.8.  On the WTO Pension Plan 2020 Full Actuarial Valuation , a full actuarial valuation was presented 
to the CBFA. It was  approved by the WTOPP Management Board in February . A key point to note is 
that although the  WTO Pension Plan  (WTOPP) is currently solvent, it faces a significant long -term 
actuarial deficit. Expressed in terms of contribution rates, the actuarial gap is 10.5%. Thi s gap will 
need ultimately to be addressed for the Pension Plan  to continue to deliver benefits to the 
organization and staff over the long term.  Assessing  the different options that are available to 
address the long -term liability will take some time. The WTO Pension Plan  Management Board will 
submit a proposal to the CBFA in due course . At the March meeting of the CBFA, s everal Members 
took the floor to convey their understanding of the seriousness of the situation. They reiterated the 
need for the Commit tee to closely follow the issue as part of its anticipated review of long -term 
liabilities, as foreseen in the Committee's work plan.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  6.9.  I will now turn to the WTO Medical Insurance Plan and long-term liabilities pertaining to the 
WTO After Service Health In surance  (ASHI). The overarching point conveyed by the Secretariat at 
the March meeting of the CBFA was that the ASHI liabilities are material and unfunded . Moreover, 
due to an aging population  and medical inflation, ASHI liabilities  are forecast to grow ov er the coming 
years.  
6.10.  This brings me to the transformation process that I mentioned a little earlier. The  Director -
General has highlight ed the opportunities that the transformation process presents to prepare the 
Secretariat  to serve Members even better in the future . There has been  considerable interest on the 
part of delegations in process, as it moves forward.  For now, the focus is on matters such as non-
monetary staff rewards, staff bonuses within the existing budgetary c eiling, risk management, 
procurement processes, career pathways, recruitment, and mobility.  
6.11.  On Coherence in the Establishment and Management of WTO Trust Funds , this topic is also of 
key interest and came up during several Committee meetings in 2021. Memb ers have emphasized 
the importance of  implementation plans based on consultations with both beneficiaries and 
contributors; transparent and regular reporting;  avoiding  unnecessary proliferation of trust funds; 
and oversight of specific trust funds by Membe rs. 
6.12.  The General Council  approved  the Committee's specific recommendation in paragraph 7.10 
of the report contained in WT/BFA/202,  took note  of the Chair's report and of the statements  and 
adopted  the report contained in WT/BFA/202 .  
7  A SMOOTH TRANSITION PAC KAGE IN FAVOUR OF MEMBERS GRADUATING FROM THE 
LDC CATEGORY  
7.1  LDC Group's Interim Arrangement Submission on LDC Graduation – Communication 
from Chad on behalf of the LDC Group (WT/GC/W/829)  
7.2  Trade Related Challenges of the Least Developed Countries and Way For ward: A Draft 
for MC Decision – Communication from Chad on behalf of the LDC Group (WT/GC/W/807)  
7.1.  The Chair noted that this agenda item had been  requested by the delegation of Chad, on behalf 
of the LDC  Group, together with the communications in WT/GC/W/829 and WT/GC/W/807 . He 
recalled that his predecessor had undert aken a range of consultations, at the request of the LDC 
Group, on this matter throughout 2021, and this subject ha d been discussed in sever al General 
Council meetings, as well as in the context of the work on a draft Ministerial outcome document in 
2021, ahead of the postponed MC12.  
7.2.  The representative of  Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
7.3.  We reaffirm the impo rtance of our request to obtain a package of measures at MC12 on LDC 
Graduation, enabling a smooth transition for each Graduating LDC. Although the pandemic w ould 
have ended by the time many LDCs graduate, the impact of COVID -19 cannot be overstated nor 
ignored.  It is therefore important for LDCs and Graduated LDCs to continue benefiting from existing 
support measures to stabilize our economies that will take many decades to build back. The LDC 
Group has shown its flexibility in putting forward its proposal  for an interim arrangement and we 
urge all Members that are considering or wish to use our proposal as a basis for discussion or as a 
way forward  to do so . The LDC Group is continuing its discussion s with Members and is seeking to 
achieve  a consensus -based outcome on this matter  at MC12.  
7.4.  The representative of Bangladesh , LDC Focal Point on Graduation , delivered the following 
statement:  
7.5.  Bangladesh a ssociates  with the statement made by the LDC Group. LDC graduation is one of 
the key priorities of the LDC Group for MC12. This is the only proposal where the LDC Group has 
made a specific submission for a Ministerial Decision and my delegation believe s that this is a 
possible deliverable at MC12.  The proposal  has already been discussed several times at the WTO 
General Council since December 2020.  The LDC Group has also provided a factsheet on the 
graduation process including the current state of trade and economy in the LDCs. In October 2021, 
in view of the ti me constraints before the scheduled MC12 last year, the LDC Group submitted a WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  draft decision as an interim arrangement on LDC Graduation with two sections. The first section 
focuses only on market access. There are several unilateral LDC -specific GSP schem es where there 
are procedures available to extend LDC trade preferences to graduated countries for a certain time -
period. The LDC Group 's interim arrangement submission is simply to encourage others to consider 
similar practices in their respective prefere nce schemes for the LDCs. It is up to the preference -
granting Members to see how they want to consider the extension of their unilateral LDC -specific 
schemes to the same Members for an additional period after graduation. The draft decision of the 
submissio n does not propose an obligation and this draft is proposed as a best endeavour effort.  
The second section proposes that the Ministers ask the LDC Sub -Committee to examine the topic of 
LDC graduation and the application of WTO rules, including LDC -specific  special and differential 
treatment provisions and technical assistance, in greater details after MC12 and to report back to 
the GC with its observations and recommendations.  In other words, this section of the draft is just 
seeking an opportunity for a fu ture work at the LDC Sub-Committee.  
7.6.  This is the least that Members could do to help graduating LDCs with greater predictability and 
better integration into global trade. The LDC Group believes that this is a text flexible enough to 
agree on. We are gratef ul to all Members who have already extended support to this submission. 
The LDC Group is continuing discussions with Members who still have some concerns. Our Group 
has received some concrete suggestions from some Members. To some delegations , we have also 
provided written responses to their questions.  The LDCs are always ready to continue dialogue with 
the partners as and when required. The LDCs also expect the facilitating role of the GC Chair and 
the D irector -General  in this regard.  We believe that Membe rs will finally consider the submission 
and allow the process for an outcome on LDC graduation. Such a decision will help provide a good 
policy space for the LDCs in future and this will be a good example that the WTO is responsive to its 
weakest Members.  
7.7.  The representative of China  delivered the following statement:  
7.8.  About one -third of the LDCs are on their path to graduate from the LDC status. While this is a 
development achievement for celebration, these countries are often facing challenges and 
uncertai nties after graduation, especially against the critical challenges in recent years.  The proposal 
WT/GC/W/829 has taken into account Members ' views and shown the flexibility and positive 
engagement of the LDC Group.  China supports the smooth transition for Graduated LDCs. Support 
measures, including the extension of preferential market access, will serve as an impetus for 
Graduating LDCs to set  proper transitional strategies and provide a predictable and reliable 
environment.  Since 2013, China has been providing a three-year zero -tariff treatment to Graduated 
LDCs and constantly increases the coverage of zero -tariff lines as support measures to ensure LDC 's 
smooth transition.  We call for Members ' constructive discussions and proactive engagement with an 
aim of providing a better chance for the Graduating and Graduated LDCs to integrate into the global 
trading system.  
7.9.  The representative of Cambodi a delivered the following statement:  
7.10.  We associate with the statement made by the LDC Group.  We refer to our statement made in 
the General Council of 23 -24 February on this topic and request that it be made part of the record 
of this meeting6. At the same time, we would like to thank all the delegations who have supported 
this LDC Group's proposal and those who are constructively engaging with the LDC Group.  
7.11.  The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
7.12.  The African Group a ssociates with the statement made by the LDC Group and fully supports 
its request which is in  line with the Marrakesh Agreement. We must not spare any effort to ensure 
a smooth transition for Graduating LDCs and facilitate  their developme nt. We take note of the 
concerns  raised by Members and think that we may be able to overcome them through open and 
genuine dialogue. There will be no negative impact on global trade resulting from  this package. A 
recent report illustrated how LDCs have bee n highly impacted by this pandemic. The GDP of most 
LDCs shrunk  in spite of their numerous efforts  to contain the pandemic and their impacts. We 
therefore have no doubt that we can agree on a practical, legal response to avoid any circumvention 
 
6 At its request, the statement of the delegation of Cambodia on this issue is incorporated i n the minutes 
of this meeting and can be found in Paragraphs 9.16 and 9.17 of document WT/GC/M/196.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  of a decisi on. We call on Members to engage with a view to reaching an outcome  in this area  at 
MC12.  
7.13.  The representative of Senegal  delivered the following statement:  
7.14.  My delegation associates with the statement s by Chad and Bangladesh on behalf of the LDCs. 
The outloo k for a  Graduating  LDC is an important stage in its development process. It is a translation 
of the socio-economic process of a country over man y years. However, the challenge that is faced 
by such a country is linked to the sudden, drastic loss of certain  international support measures 
which are specific to the m such as  reinforced capacity building  and access to S&D T. Therefore, to 
not undermine the socio -economic development of Graduating  LDCs, a transition period becomes 
necessary and particularly so in the current context of the pandemic and the geopolitical situation. 
This is why Senegal  supports the proposal  which sets forth the extension of support measures 
currently in place for LDCs for an appropriate period of time after their graduation. This will  do no 
more than extend the benefits already granted to LDCs by their trading partners .  
7.15.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
7.16.  I associate with the statement made by the LDC Group . The LDCs  have been passing through 
various challenges including institutional, economic and social shortcomings experienced during the 
COVID -19 pandemic. Severity of impacts of the pandemic on the LDCs cannot be measured in 
number. This has negative implications i n achieving their development goals including attainment of 
SDG 2030 and LDC Graduation in a sustainable manner.  Therefore, this situation requires decisive 
action from the global to national levels. Trade especially export trade is an important means of 
addressing existing challenges, building back better, and attaining the global target of LDC 
Graduation and SDG 2030. However, the LDCs have not been able to harness potential benefits of 
export trade mainly due to their supply side capacity constraints and  other challenges. In this 
context, LDCs in the path to graduation including Nepal are not much excited in graduation. This is 
due to the challenges posed by the pandemic in their development process and potential losses in 
facilities and flexibility in th eir export after graduation.  Against this background, the proposal 
submitted by the LDC Group is all the  more relevant and can be a good basis  for displaying a  positive 
and pragmatic initiative  and solidarity  from this institution. This proposal once adopt ed would be 
helpful in making the graduation more sustainable. The LDC Group has demonstrated sufficient 
flexibility through the interim arrangement proposal. Nepal urges all Members to consider this matter 
positively.  
7.17.  The representative of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
7.18.  Tanzania associates with the statement made by the LDC Group . We continue to call on 
Members to view LDCs as a special category with special economic needs. The U N SDG 1 says "to 
end poverty in all its forms, everywhere" . This is a multilateral commitment against poverty at the 
highest level of the UN system. LDCs face a lot of social and economic challenges due to their special 
needs and have been granted several flexibilities  in multilateral institutions including the WTO. 
Through WTO Agreements and Decisions, LDCs are granted preferential market access under the 
generalized system of preference s, preferential rules of origin, services waiver, TRIPS waiver and 
many more. Undoubtedly, these arrangements are immensely uplifting LDCs economically and are 
reducing poverty levels. A number of LDCs are set for LDC Graduation in the near future which might 
change due to the impact of COVID -19. LDCs and  developing Members  have been hit hard . We all 
acknowledge that. The fact that a num ber of LDCs are about to graduate is a good sign of progress 
and should be encouraged and celebrated. Despite this good news, it is very scary for them knowing 
that all special treatment will be immediately taken away which will likely affect the progress 
achieved so far. The WTO should therefore positively consider a smooth transition of Graduating 
LDCs to avoid subjecting them to  the immediate danger of backsliding. The WTO is playing a great 
role in ensuring that LDCs are provi ded flexibilities in various agreements an d decision s and we 
believe the proposed package will be considered in the same spirit.  
7.19.  The representative of  the United States  delivered the following statement:  
7.20.  We thank the LDC Group for its proposals, which we c ommented on at previous General 
Council meetings. The United States views the graduation process as a positive milestone – 
something to be celebrated . We however recogni ze that it is important to discuss the challenges that WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Graduating LDCs face as they pur sue economic growth and diversification through integration into 
global markets. We understand that c hallenges will arise. We however  believe that freer trade can 
bring needed stability but also a sense of vulnerability. S&D T has a role to play in reducing  
vulnerability as does technical assistance, but both are most effective when tailored to identified 
needs. We take note of the revisions made by the LDC Group in the October submission. While they 
move the proposal in a more positive direction, additional  work is needed. We appreciate the 
outreach from the LDCs on this issue and look forward to continuing this conversation to shape an 
approach that supports Members in a measurable, specific and impactful way as part of their 
graduation and transition proce sses. 
7.21.  The representative of Angola  delivered the following statement:  
7.22.  Angola associates with  the statement s by Chad and Bangladesh on behalf of LDC s, and by 
the ACP and the African Group.  We formally express our commitment and support to an interim 
arrange ment for a smooth transition for  Graduated LDCs of  six to nine years  extending  unilateral 
trade preferences  and market access  provided to LDCs . The concept of a smooth transition  is not 
enough nowadays to help LDCs face the impacts of COVID -19. In this critical global context, the 
process of LDC Graduation cannot stand mainly as an economic evaluation . The process should 
instead be viewed as a profound commitment towards a new long -term, sustainable development 
of LDCs. Their integration in the global economy through  renew ing aid, cooperation and investme nt 
to help build  econom ic, social and health resilience should therefore be at the core of LDC 
Graduation . As such,  Angola expects the forthcoming MC12 to affirm thi s goal in addition to the 
smooth transition concept  and have a declaration to  support the econo mic and social recovery of 
LDCs. The challenges faced by LDCs  are very demanding. They necessitates specific programmes 
and a package of action s to help them  gather in one robust framework all the different agencies, 
projects and financial resources  that would help LDCs access and implement their commitments . 
The new ten -year programme of action is urgent for LDCs  to achieve s ustainable development and 
fair integr ation in the world economy and global trade. Angola therefore suggests that the General 
Council include such a  declaration in the present LDC graduation proposal  to be adopted at MC12 as 
an institutional contribution to the forthcoming UN Conference on Lea st-Developed Countries (LDC5) 
to be held in Doha, Qatar  this year . 
7.23.  The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
7.24.  The European Union is mindful of the challenges that LDCs  face in integrating into the global 
trading system. We do believe that there should be support and flexibilities for WTO Members 
commensurate with their needs and capacity constraints. With regard to the LDCs, we are ready to 
provide support through our s chemes.  In the area of trade specifically, the aim of the European 
Union is to focus on how to facilitate and enhance the capacity of countries to assume commitments 
that foster integration into the global economy. In our view , that is the best way that th e WTO can 
effectively contribute to the integration of the LDCs.  The European Union will continue to support 
constructive initiatives to better integrate Members with capacity constraints into the multilateral 
trading system, and we will take into account the specific situation of Graduating LDCs. We especially 
encourage discussions based on analysis that shows where specific difficulties exist.  
7.25.  The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
7.26.  The ACP Group exten ds its full support to the proposals from the LDC Group. It is well known 
that graduation from LDC status does not immediately translate into improved livelihoods or 
increased capacity to undertake greater commitments.  The COVID -19 pandemic has also 
demons trated the grave impact that a single crisis can have on developmental trajectories and 
outcomes for vulnerable populations and developing economies. We note that LDCs, including some 
of those scheduled for graduation, will take several years to restore de velopmental gains made in 
the pre -pandemic era, which influenced the criteria for graduation.  UNCTAD research has shown 
that, as of 2020, the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic and the associated recession on LDCs has 
resulted in their worst socio -economic pe rformance in thirty years. On average,  the median LDC will 
take three years to recover to pre -pandemic GDP per capita levels, and  one-third of the 46 LDCs,  including  
those with significant issues of poverty,  are projected  to take five or more years to recover to their already 
low GDP per capita  levels from 2019 . It has been estimated that an additional 35 million people in 
LDCs are living on less than US D 1.90 per day due to the pandemic. Further, the estimates are that 
as much as 35 per cent of the combined populations of LDCs are estimated to be living below the 
extreme poverty line as of 2021. The full impact of the pandemic is yet to be materiali zed given that WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  sectors such as education, which is critical for their succe ssful integration in the global economy, 
were disrupted by the pandemic, and this will have long -term development impact.  Projections for 
reduced global economic growth should also be taken into account, especially given recent history 
with the impact of t he global economic and financial crisis, especially on LDCs. With the current food  
crisis poised to sharply affect NFIDCs, and more so those that are LDCs, a smooth transition process 
is all the more essential and we urge Members to continue to work constr uctively and exercise 
flexibility so that the WTO can harvest this initiative as an outcome at MC12.  Our Group supports 
this process and believes it is possible for us to provide Ministers with a draft decision in line with 
the ideas presented by the LDCs Group.  
7.27.  The representative of Togo delivered the following statement:  
7.28.  We associate with the statement made by the LDC Group . The adoption of the UNGA 
resolutions mentioned in our proposal on the smooth transition adopted in 2004 and 2012 has been 
motivated by low level socio -economic development which can be characterized by up -to-date 
limited facilities, low and unequally distributed incomes and domestic financial resources that are 
largely insufficient. These resolutions therefore invite  all Members  to look at granting reclassified 
countries  special and differential measures that do exist currently as well as the exemptions that 
LDCs benefit from, for an appropriate period in line with the status of development of the country  in 
question.  The adoption of the two resolutions is a strong signal sent to the international community 
with regard to the different partners of LDCs. In addition, the negligible share  of this group in 
international trade demonstrates just how much they still need thi s assistance after graduation. The 
unprecedented shock due to the COVID -19 pandemic has meant that there has been strong pressure 
on the macro -economic equilibrium of these countries, especially LDCs , which has further weakened 
their trading and economic c apacities already challenged by a structural deficit. So, there is a strong 
need to translate these resolutions into action by supporting a smooth transition for Graduated LDCs  
and that should be for an appropriate period after the entry into force of the relevant United Nations 
General Assembly decision concerning the graduation of a country from the LDC category.  
7.29.  The representative of Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
7.30.  An outcome of a Ministerial Conference would be incomplete if it did not include some tangible 
measures that address the concerns of  LDCs. In this regard, I thank the LDC Group for its interim 
proposal  and welcome their initiative.  My delegation is ready to work constructively with Chad and 
Bangladesh and other proponents o n a deliverable for MC12 on this subject.  In this context, today, 
I wish to highlight, in a rather specific manner, three points regarding WT/GC/W/829  that we believe 
might help facilitate convergence. First, I welcome the proposal to instruct the LDC Sub -Committee 
to look at a package of support measures and report to the G eneral Council  at the latter 's first 
meeting in 2023.  Reporting to the first G eneral Council  next year would be especially apt because it 
would represent a timely and substantial contrib ution by the WTO in the run up to the second part 
of the Fifth LDC Conference scheduled for March next year.  Second, we believe the LDC Sub -
Committee could broaden the scope of discussion relative to what is envisaged in the current 
proposal by looking at appropriate periods for extending preferential market access schemes as well.  
To be sure, DFQF schemes are measures unilaterally decided on by Members.  But previous WTO 
Ministerial Decisions relating to DFQF schemes have helped to catalyse  and inform relat ed national 
decisions.  Similarly, we see little reason why the WTO should not discuss and suggest appropriate 
timeframes for DFQF extension that would better inform individual national decisions.  Third, and 
building on the second point, we believe that Mem bers could flesh out the appropriate extension 
timeframe of the DFQF scheme by next year 's General Council  rather than at MC12.  I say this 
because no LDC is scheduled to graduate before December 2023.  The interests of LDCs  would be 
better served if the Ministerial Conference instructs the LDC Sub -Committee to carefully arrive at a 
more feasible extension timeframe that willing Members could actually subscribe to.  Korea looks 
forward to discussing with concerned Members an i nterim deliverable for MC12.  
7.31.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
7.32.  As stated in previous General Council meeting s, Nigeria supports the proposal because we 
believe Graduated LDCs  require support during their transition period to foster stability. Graduated 
LDCs should have recourse to LDC -specific flexibilities within an agreed timeframe during their 
transition period. We also wish to call on Members granting unilateral trade pref erences to consider 
extending the benefits to Graduated LDCs over a reasonable period.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  7.33.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
7.34.  We associate with the statement s by the Africa n Group and the ACP . We support the continued 
efforts  of the LDC Group towards a meaningful outcome on graduation and recall our previous 
statements on this issue. We acknowledge that graduation is an important milestone as others have 
said but phasing out of international support measure s associated with LD C status can present its 
challenges for Graduating LDCs. It is therefore important that we continue to see what support can 
be provided to LDCs and we look forward to constructive discussion towards a Ministerial Decision 
at MC12.  
7.35.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
7.36.  India has unequivocally supported the proposals by the LDC Group contained in these 
documents. India remains a strong supporter of LDC s' integration into the multilateral trading 
system. We have not only contributed to  efforts to increase their share in global trade but have also 
been a trusted and reliable partner. While the pandemic continues to affect lives, livelihoods and 
economies, the LDCs  have been disproportionately impacted . It would  therefore  be worth 
considering to allow them more time to address the challenges they face. India urges Members to 
engage constructively and work expeditiously for a reasonable outcome at MC12 .  
7.37.  The represen tative of Vanuatu  delivered the following statement:  
7.38.  We associate with the statements by Chad and Bangladesh on behalf of the LDC Group and 
support the statement made by the ACP. Vanuatu graduated from the LDC  category  in 2020  – a 
brave and responsible dec ision in the midst of the pandemic. Since then, has our econom ic growth 
exploded into killing heights? No. Has our smallness and vulnerabilities changed? No. Has the threat 
of climate change diminished? No. Has this transition  increase d our share of global  trade? Probably 
not. With the pandemic, cyclone s and tsunami s, what will be the ir outcome  on a Graduated LDC and 
an SVE?  These are serious  question s that should be asked . In this regard, w e ask for the support of 
Members to commit to supporting the se LDC proposals . Let us all celebrate  the G raduating and 
Graduated LDCs. We look forward to  the positive consideration of these proposals at  MC12. 
7.39.  The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
7.40.  Japan recognizes the importance of providing special  measures for developing  and LDC  
Members  to engage in the multilateral trading system smoothly, and has offered special preferential 
treatment for LDCs and a generalized system of preferences to a wider range of developing Members. 
Regarding the proposal b y the LDC Group, preferential tariff systems and the period for which they 
are implemented normally reflect the situation of a providing country and its beneficiaries. We should 
therefore carefully consider the issue of pre -setting a standard for the extension period. Technical -
level discussions at an appropriate place are therefore necessary to advance work on this issue.  
Japan will continue to constructively engage in this discussion.  
7.41.  The representative of  the United Kingdo m delivered the following statement:  
7.42.  Let me start by thanking Chad and the LDC Group for their constructive engagement on 
sustainable graduation and development of LDCs. As others have said, graduation is something to 
celebrate for all the challenges that may cone with it. Recently , I was delighted to attend the LDC 
Retreat where I outlined our own championing of LDCs ' sustainable development, including through 
the array of aid for trade and economic development programmes that we have as a nation  – in 
addition to which we have a growing list of economic partnership agreements with over 30 
developing countries, including many LDCs.  We are developing our own, and what we hope will be 
a more generous developing country trading scheme  – trying to be best encase d and learning from 
other such schemes, both their advantages and their disadvantages. We recogni ze the importance 
to LDCs of securing a positive outcome at MC12  on these issues and we look forward to continuing 
to work with the LDC Group and others to try  and agree a landing zone on t heir proposals.  
7.43.  The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
7.44.  Canada is broadly supportive of efforts to a smooth transition for Graduating LDCs. 
Concerning both the original and interim proposals , we have so me questions about the length of the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  transition period  and on the emphasis on ensuring measures are applied automatically, equally and 
unconditionally. For example, on the transition period, we would like to better understand the 
rationale behind the choic es of 6, 9 and 12 years, including how this relates to the UN -led process 
to graduation.  
7.45.  The representative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  delivered the following statement:  
7.46.  With regard to this agenda item, we would like to have a positive outcome at MC12 on the 
proposal of the LDC Group.  
7.47.  The representative of Chad, as LDC Coordinator , delivered the following statement:  
7.48.  I just simply wanted, on behalf of the LDC Group , to thank all Members for their sup port. We 
have taken note of the reservations expressed by some Members and we are going to continue with 
our discussions in order to try to achieve convergence. The coordinator of the African Group  said 
something which is quite right  – addressing  LDCs' demands should have no bearing on Members, or 
would be neg ligible  at most. Th at is the reality . And I hope we all look at our proposal from this 
perspective . This could facilitate building convergence on this matter.  We have demonstrated our 
willingness to ne gotiated with Members. We  are even  ready to review our  level of  ambition . That is 
why we have submit ted a proposal for an interim arrangement . We have to take into account the 
current context and the specific difficulties which are linked to the pandemic  as well as  the 
geopolitical context, at a global level, which are all  having a considerable impact on LDCs . These 
pose even more burden to LDCs which are being called to graduate . That is why it is important to 
maintain the existing support measures in orde r to ensure a smooth transition and to stabilize LDC 
economies who have graduated and who are going to need a number of years in order to build back, 
especially given the current situation. We count on all Members to ensure a consensus -based 
outcome on thi s matter. W e are ready to discuss and be flexibl e in order  to achieve a telling result  
at MC12.  
7.49.  The representative of Bangladesh , LDC Focal Point on Graduation , delivered the following 
statement:  
7.50.  Let me join  Chad in paying tribute  to every colleague who spoke today . We are encouraged 
by the positive turn in this meeting on this issue. We are hopeful that with our discussion we can 
resolve this issue and reach a landing zone. Regarding particularly the question of Canada, of course 
we will be ready to engage with you on this matter. W e remain flexible and we welcome any 
recommendation from colleagues and partners.  
7.51.  The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
7.52.  I just want to thank Members for recogni zing the importance of th e issue of LDC Graduation . 
Over the past year , we have been talking to the LDCs and working with them including at the retreat 
to try and find a suitable landing zone that would be appropriate for all those considering the issue 
including the LDCs. I think  we can get there and it would be important. As Ambassador Manley said , 
graduation is something to celebrate . But give n the difficult times we are in, considering an 
appropriate transition period  is also important. So , I just wanted to say thank you for this and hope 
that we can find  a mutually agreeable solution on this issue . 
7.53.  The General Council took note  of the statements.  
8  JOINT STATEMENT ON OPEN AND PREDICTABLE TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD 
PRODUCTS – REQUEST FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM  
8.1.  The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
8.2.  It gives me great pleasure to introduce this joint statement on open and predictable trade in 
agricultural and food products. As you know, the World Bank predic ts a 37% increase in global food 
prices. The World Food Programme warns that we are facing a catastrophe upon catastrophe. In 
such circumstances, this organi zation and its Members – us in this room, cannot be indifferent nor 
can our work be irrelevant. Tha t is why, last week, the U nited Kingdom  alongside over fifty other 
Members circulated this statement in document WT/GC/248. Since that document went around, on WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Friday we have welcomed further co -sponsors, and I thank each and every one of them. I wanted 
to highlight briefly that this statement is very important to my delegation, and I invite other co -
sponsors to contribute, briefly, concisely, as the Chair has suggested, as appropriate. We cannot 
pretend that we do not know the cause of the most recent pric e increases and shortages. As the 
Director -General of the World Food Programme said only last week, Ukraine normally produces food 
for 400 million people across the globe. It is one of the world's largest exporters of wheat, maze,  
sunflower oil, and it is being stopped from doing that in the face of an illegal and unprovoked invasion 
of its country. Whil e Ukrainian agricultural and transport infrastructure is being bombed, its fertile 
lands turned from a field of cultivation to a field of battle, and its gr ain and farming equipment being 
stolen . The impact on Ukraine's people  and its economy is grotesque. The effect of those actions are 
being felt across the world  – in our shops, in our kitchens, and in the hungry stomachs of the world's 
people. This joint s tatement starts to answer the question , so what can we do here? There is enough 
food for all our citizens in the world right now. The question is , can we ensure that we can access 
that food?  
8.3.  Director -General, as you have said, trade is of paramount import ance in combatting hunger. 
We must work together to keep global agriculture markets open, transparent, avoid unjustified 
export restrictions and hoarding which would only exacerbate the problems already faced by the 
most vulnerable people across the world.  As set out in this joint statement, we, the U nited Kingdom  
and other co -sponsors, will ourselves commit to exercising restraint in our trade policies and will 
work to ensure that any immediate actions we take avoid long -term negative consequences. We 
also collectively reaffirm our commitment to end the use of export restrictions on humanitarian 
purchases for the World Food Programme. We should have done this a decade ago. Knowing  more 
about the level of stocks  including  where th ey are would help us all reduce uncertainty and volatility 
in our markets. We need regular quality analysis of the measures  that we are taking and how they 
are affecting trade in key products. Using the relationships we have with other international 
monetary  organi zations, we need to be able to discuss the developments in food security, including 
the regular Committee on Agriculture under a standing agenda item. Finally, the joint statement 
that we are introducing today is not all that we believe we can accom plish in this organi zation. We 
believe it is a steppingstone for further and more substantive work and commitments at MC12 and 
beyond. We hope that every Member in this organi zation, every person in this room, sees something 
that they can agree with in thi s joint statement and that we can take elements from it, expand upon 
them and improve them . We invite other Members, not yet co -sponsors, to co -sponsor this text and 
join us in this common endeavour.  
8.4.  The representative of Ukraine  delivered the following statement:  
8.5.  Since becoming a WTO Member, Ukraine has always advocated for maintaining an open and 
predictable agricultural market and trade in order to ensure continuous flow of food. Thus, Ukraine 
has worked with other co -signatorie s on the development of the appropriate immediate response to 
tackle the unfolding food crisis as a result of Russia 's aggression against Ukraine, which further 
exacerbated an already difficult situation. We welcome the support of more than 50 Member s that  
have already co -sponsored the document and those joining today.  As one of the world 's top 
producers and exporters of key agricultural products such as  wheat, maize, barley  and sunflower 
oil, Ukraine is contributing to the global food security and the achi evement of the Sustainable 
Development Goals, among others , in close cooperation with the World Food Programme. According 
to experts, 400 million people in the world depend on Ukrainian grain supplies. Any impediment to 
Ukraine 's exports puts food security  of countries depended on Ukraine 's supplies in jeopardy.  Prior 
to the Russian military invasion, Ukraine exported up to 5 million tons of agricultural  products 
through the ports of Odessa and Mykolayiv every month. However, such exports have been made 
nearly impossible by the Russian actions that lead to the closure of seaports, blockade of the Black 
Sea and Azov Sea and jeopardized safe passage of ships by releasing sea mines.  Russian troops are 
mining agricultural fields, damaging critical agricultural infrastructure, stealing grains, fuel and other 
agricultural inputs from the Ukrainian farmers and thus are putting future harvest at risk.  The war 
launched by Russia on Ukraine has become a food security challenge for many countries, especial ly 
for low -income countries dependent on food imports and vulnerable populations.  As Ukraine supplies 
grain and sunflower oil mainly to Africa and Asia, some of these countries are already facing a 
humanitarian crisis due to lack of grain exports from Ukra ine and rising world prices.   
8.6.  Despite the full -scale war waged by the Russian Federation, Ukraine is doing everything 
possible to produce and supply agricultural products to the world markets, looking for any 
opportunities and new solutions.  Meanwhile, our  farmers are doing their best not to miss the growing WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  season, while putting their lives at risk. Sowing campaign was launched in all regions of Ukraine  and 
continues under fires. Many farmers are going to the fields in bulletproof vests in between shelling . 
Russia is doing everything to cause a food crisis in the southern and eastern regions of Ukraine, 
known for its agricultural production. Recently, many farmers in the temporarily occupied territories 
claim that the Russian occupiers are stealing their gr ain en masse.  Russians export grain stolen from 
farmers to the temporarily occupied Autonomous Republic of Crimea or to the Russian Federation.  
Such illegal exports of Ukrainian grain are another example of Russia's destructive actions, which, 
in particula r, contradict the fundamental principles of the United Nations Food and Agriculture 
Organization – achieving food security for all and overcoming hunger.  On top of creating 
humanitarian crisis, Russia seeks to deprive Ukraine of an important source of inco me and food for 
Ukrainians in occupied territories. Russia uses food as a weapon in the war – and this is an 
involuntary reminder of the Holodomor of 1932 -1933, when 4 to 10 million people died as a result 
of the genocide of the Ukrainian people by the Sov iet authorities.  As long as the war continues, the 
negative consequences will continue and persist for the whole world. Ending the war as soon as 
possible would provide necessary reli ef to international food markets. For our part, we would like to 
assure t hat Ukraine remains committed to its international obligations and will do its part in ensuring 
stability and predictability of the international trading system.  
8.7.  The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
8.8.  Norway is one of the co -sponso rs of this joint statement.  The global food security situation has 
worsened significantly over the past months. An already challenging situation, with supply chain 
disruptions and high prices on agricultural inputs and commodities, has been exacerbated by Russia 's 
military attack against Ukraine. The Russian government, through its unprovoked and illegal military 
attack, is directly responsible for the shock impact we currently see on global food systems, with 
consequences worldwide, causing increased food insecurity for the world 's poorest and most 
vulnerable.  In this regard, the joint statement underlines the importance of open and predictable 
trade in agricultural inputs and commodities. It highlights the need for transparency and to exercise 
constraint i n imposing unjustified export restrictions as well as the importance of finally coming 
together and supporting the decision on exempting purchases by the WFP from any export 
restrictions.  These are all elements we should reflect on as part of an outcome at  MC12.  
8.9.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
8.10.  The severity of the  current  food security difficulties in the developing world  requires effective 
and appropriate response by the WTO to address the structural causes. Africa  is on the throes of a 
food crisis not seen before in recent times.  Currently, s even of the top ten hunger hotspots globally 
are in Africa and hundreds of millio ns of our people face food insecurity.  We therefore need to work 
collectively towards delivery of outcomes that effectively respond to the challenges of food insecurity 
and loss of livelihoods . We take note of the statement by the U nited Kingdom . However, the most 
effective way the WTO can contribute toward addressing the food security difficulties of developing 
countr y Members  is for MC12 to deliver outcomes geared towards addressing existing asymmetries 
in the Agreement on Agriculture as well as preservat ion and provision of policy space for developing 
Members  to provide support needed to enhance their agricultural productivity, and economic 
opportunities for small -scale farmers. This would foster the building of resilient agriculture sector of 
developing  Members . Greater  reliance by resource poor developing  countries  on international 
markets for food needs has not resolved their food insecurity situation . This is because t he challenge  
of access to food by the poor and vulnerable is because of livelihood di fficulties rather than a problem 
of food supply.  The African Group in July 2021 tabled a proposal on food security in the C oA SS 
contained in document JOB/AG/206 for Members ' consideration and prioritization for MC12. The 
basic elements of this package include (i) permanent solution on public stockholding for food security 
purpose s, (ii) substantial reduction of trade distorting support, in particular FB AMS , (iii) reduction 
of product -specific cotton AMS supports to de -minimis level , (iv) outcome on SSM that is easy to 
operationalize, effective in its remedies, applicable to all trade and does not contain more 
conditionalities than the SSG , (v) preservation o f Development Box 6.2 and 6.4 S&DT to support 
rural and agriculture development as well as resource poor farmers; and (vi) outcome on the existing 
proposal on Agriculture Export Prohibitions or Restrictions relating to the World Food Programme  
that take in to account domestic  food security concerns of NIFDCs and LDCs, and safeguards 
domestic  food security of supplying Members.  We call on Members to favourably consider the 
elements of the African Group proposal to enable us to deliver outcomes needed to addre ss global 
food security difficulties.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  8.11.  The representative of Japan  delivered  the following statement:  
8.12.  Japan appreciates the U nited Kingdom's  initiative and efforts , and supports this joint 
statement as one of its co -sponsors.  We are concerned about the current serious situation of global 
food security, including the disruption in food supply chains and the price volatility of agricultural 
commodities caused by Russia 's illegal aggression against Ukraine.  Japan has been strongly  urging 
Russia to cease the attack and withdraw its forces back to Russian territory immediately. This is the 
only avenue to stop supply chain disturbances. We are concerned that as each day passes, a delay 
in ceasefire would further exacerbate the global food security crisis.  We call on Members to keep 
their food and agricultural markets open, predictable and transparent by not imposing unjustified 
export restrictive measures on agricultural products, which if imposed would increase uncertainty 
and result in a spiral of price hikes and further restrictions.  We believe that Members should respond 
to this important issue at MC12, including the multilateral commitment of not imposing export 
restrictions on foodstuffs purchased for non -commercial humanitarian p urposes by the WFP.  In this 
regard, we encourage other Members to join this statement which could show that strengthening 
the multilateral trading system will contribute to more resilient, efficient and sustainable food 
systems against future crises.  
8.13.  The representative of Ecuador  delivered the following statement:  
8.14.  Ecuador observes with great concern the direct and indirect effects of a very specific event, 
the war in Ukraine, on food supplies and on trade of agricultural inputs. Although the first victim of  
this situation is the civilian population of Ukraine, international organizations such as  FAO describe 
the very serious effects of the current situation on food trade and agricultural production. Specific 
measures need to be taken in order to avoid the re duction of food supplies and the disruption of 
agricultural production and employment. Regarding the war in Ukraine and its effects on the supply 
of quality fertilizers , this is under a different item in the agenda. But I wish to join Peru, Guatemala 
and B razil who yesterday highlighted how important it is to bear in mind the situation of fertilizers 
trade which are vital inputs for agricultural production and therefore for ensuring food security for 
many Members including  Ecuador. Therefore, Ecuador has jo ined th e statement presented today by 
the United Kingdom. We  feel that this is a document that reflects the concerns that I have just 
voiced. Finally, we would like to take note that the situation in Ukraine reminds us all how important 
it is to reach long -term agricultur e agreements so that we have a predictable, solid and just 
multilateral trading system. We reiterate all our previous statements in which we call for a 
comprehensive treatment of the three pillars under the agricultur e negotiations and bear ing in mind 
the particular situations faced by developing Members . 
8.15.  The representative of Mexico  delivered the following statement:  
8.16.  We thank the United Kingdom for presenting this statement highlighting the urgency and 
importance of ensuring the flow of foo d as well as products and services essential for agriculture in 
order to avoid an imminent food crisis.  There are a number of messages that we cannot ignore and 
which led my country to be part of this statement . A food crisis may be very close to becoming  
reality . We should not make the situation worse . Trade plays a key role in combating food insecurity . 
We are therefore committed through this statement to keeping markets open, transparent and 
predictable, given the difficult times we are experien cing and in the face of a possible food crisis.  
We are facing an alarming scenario of rising hunger . Rising prices and uneven food availability will 
put many more people in a vulnerable position around the world.  It is estimated that more than 
332 million people around the world will face food insecurity . So, we must take actions that, from 
our front, trade rules  can contribute to global food security.  A few days ago , the World Food 
Program me presented us with a very disturbing picture: many more people wil l need food assistance 
at a time when the return on its funds and operations will decrease due to rising costs.  According to 
the WFP, 145  million people will need food assistance in  2022, 17  million more than in 2021.  
Members have a pending contribution to  facilitate its work, and it is not just to help with monetary 
assessments but also to adopt the Ministerial Decision to keep our markets open and predictable.  
Short - and medium -term actions taken by Members to meet these challenges will have repercussions  
for agricultural trade and global food security, knowing about these  actions in good time will allow 
us to make better policy decisions.  A strong, transparent and predictable multilateral trading system 
benefits us all. The actions we all take in response  to the challenges we face today must be part of 
our discussions and analysis.  We must therefore maintain an open space within the Committee on 
Agriculture to foster real dialogue on trade and food security in which we can have a healthy 
exchange of inform ation, including with relevant experts, in order to have the necessary tools and WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  information for decision -making in our capitals.  Mexico reiterates its commitment to the multilateral 
trading system and the reform process mandated by Article 20 of the Agree ment on Agriculture. We 
are convinced that improving the conditions of competition by reducing trade distortions will help us 
to grow our economies and enable us to be better prepared to deal with future crises.  
8.17.  The representative of Iceland  delivered the following statement:  
8.18.  Iceland fully supports and is a cosponsor of the joint statement. Russia's invasion of Ukraine 
is causing widespread destruction and unspeakable human suffering to the people of Ukraine. 
Repercussion from this act of aggression is bein g felt far beyond the Ukrainian border. Russian 
blockage of Ukrainian seaports is hampering global supply of key agricultural products and 
contributing to unprecedented spikes in global food prices. An already precarious situation due to 
the COVID -19 pande mic is being aggravated. The food security of millions is being put at risk. We 
heard at a WTO seminar on food security that the challenges we face are ones of access rather than 
of availability. Current grain stocks are sufficient to feed the world accord ing to the FAO. The problem 
lies in ensuring that supplies get delivered to places where they are needed and ensuring price 
stability. Our focus should therefore be on keeping markets open, predictable and transparent. These 
are areas where this organi zation can support global food security by promoting restraint regarding 
any application of trade restrictive measures on food and food -related products. Implementation of 
any such measures deemed necessary should be well justified, temporary and promptly noti fied to 
the WTO. Eliminating uncertainty and enhancing predictability of agricultural trade should be at the 
front and centre of our response to the looming food crisis. Additionally, we must come to an 
agreement to exempt humanitarian procurement by the W orld Food Programme from any form of 
export restrictions. These are all elements that can form part of an outcome on food security at the 
upcoming Ministerial Conference . 
8.19.  The representative of New Zealand  delivered the following statement:  
8.20.  New Zealand join s other co -sponsors of WT/GC/248 and thank the United Kingdom for 
introducing this important item. New Zealand strong ly support s this statement  and its objectives 
and express solidarity for the people of Ukraine and all those around the world i mpacted by Russia's 
invasion of Ukraine. This statement reaffirms the importance of not only specific short -term actions 
in response to the current crisis but also the opportunity for longer term reform that is required to 
build a more resilient agricultur al trading system  and contribute to achieving global food security. 
MC12 is an important milestone for agricultural trade reform. We must not lose sight of the value of 
continuing along the path of long -term reform to reduce harmful distortions and protect ions in 
agricultural trade.   
8.21.  The representative of Uruguay  delivered the following statement:  
8.22.  Uruguay thank s the United Kingdom for putting this item on the agenda today, and for the 
presentation of the joint statement on open and predictable trade in agri cultural and food products. 
We would like to  announce our co -sponsorship of the document today. We note t he current situation 
of agricultural and food product markets as well as inputs such as fertilizers which were mentioned 
by other colleagues. The inter national prices are reaching record heights . The potential impact that 
this will have will of course affect  millions of people. This is something we cannot ignore in this 
organi zation. In this vein, we cal l for open markets and the  avoid ance of  adopting un necessary and 
counter -productive trade r estrictions. This will be essential to ensure that there is constant flow of 
inputs and food  – something which is imperative to avoid any worsening of a situation which is 
already very difficult. In particular,  a mul tilateral decision should be taken to prohibit the imposition 
of restrictions or bans for exports whenever they are purchased by the WFP fo r humanitarian 
purposes. We also underscore the need to increase transparency in any measures taken in response 
to the current situation, and to have up to date information on the market's status, especially on 
agricultural products, their inputs and how this evolves in the next few months. Having such data 
will be important to make informed decisions and to avoid unjust ified or counter -productive 
restrictions by various actors. In the long -term, Uruguay maintains its conviction that the best 
contribution that the WTO can make to ensure that we have sustainable, resilient and efficient food 
systems that contribute to food  security at the world level, is to move forward in the Article 20 of 
the Agreement on Agriculture reform process which will change the levels of help an d protection and 
give us a fair food system – one that is market -oriented. As we said during the last T NC meeting, 
the WTO can and must act against crises such as the present one and ensure that they can be 
mitigated in the future. However, these crises should not be used as justification to impose supposed WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  solutions to complicated issues such as food secur ity which end up only making us take a few steps 
back in reform processes which have been ongoing for a long time.  
8.23.  The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
8.24.  Guatemala would like to thank the United Kingdom for this initiative. Guatemala agrees that 
open and predictable trade in agricultural and food products is key to ensure the continued flow of 
food, as well as products, services and inputs essential for agricultural and food production and 
supply chains. In this regard, Guatemala  is convinced that keeping our food and agricultural markets 
open without imposing unjustified trade restrictive and trade distortive measures on agricultural and 
food products is essential to ensure access to sufficient, safe and affordable food and to mi tigate 
food security impacts particularly in developing  countries  already suffering the effects of 
malnutrition.  Guatemala stands ready to contribute to this debate and work with other Members in 
finding creative solutions to improve the situation of our food and agricultural markets.  
8.25.  The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
8.26.  The illegal and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by Russia has exacerbated global food security 
concerns and has caused the largest shock to agriculture market s in recent history.  Russia is solely 
responsible for exacerbating this food security crisis, and its false narratives cannot change that.  
Ukraine as one of the world 's top exporters of wheat, maize, barley and sunflower oil and as a major 
supplier to the World Food Program me is limited in its ability to export and supply the world due to 
Russia 's actions.  The most effective action to address immediate global food security concerns is for 
Russia to withdraw its troops from Ukraine.  The commitments and calls  for action in this joint 
statement are aimed at ensuring the current global food security situation is not made worse.  This 
joint statement outlines a series of actions that will keep agriculture markets open, transparent and 
predictable in response to th is crisis.  These include:  exercising restraint in hoarding and stockpiling 
of crops that are traditionally exported ; a commitment to not imposing unjustified export restrictions 
and trade restrictive measures ; ensuring that emergency measures introduced to  mitigate food 
security impacts should be temporary, targeted and proportionate and in accordance with WTO rules  
and a commitment to not impose export restrictions on purchases by the World Food Program and 
a call for a multilateral outcome on this issue a s soon as possible.  This statement underlines the 
importance of transparency in responding to the food security crisis. Providing policy makers and 
market actors with the appropriate information on markets, trade measures will allow informed 
policy decisio ns that can help keep markets open, and predictable and avoid the worst case 
scenarios. We call on Members to work together at MC12 and beyond to create a more open, 
predictable, and transparent trade to create a more resilient international agriculture tr ading system.   
8.27.  The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
8.28.  We would like to thank the United Kingdom for presenting the joint statement contained in 
WT/GC/248 that Switzerland is co -sponsoring. As a net food importing country, Switzerland relies 
on well -functioning trade routes for its national food security. Given the global dimension of food 
security, the WTO is hence of uttermost importance to contain uncertainty and volatility on the 
markets.  With the Russian milita ry aggression on Ukraine, global value chains  – and consequently 
the food security of many – are further endangered.  We fully support the proposed actions such as 
transparency efforts and not imposing unjustified export restrictions.  These actions contribu te to our 
common objective of ensuring that sufficient, safe, affordable and nutritious food continues to be 
available and accessible at all times to all people. At the same time, we value that the statement 
goes beyond the immediate response to the crisis  and embraces a long -term perspective. We indeed 
have to find ways to guarantee a resilient, efficient and sustainable global food system.  We see an 
opportunity at MC12 to address today 's food crisis and to work towards these long -term goals.  
8.29.  The represent ative of China  delivered the following statement:  
8.30.  Given the food security challenges we are facing, China always believes that the WTO has a 
role to play and should play its part in the global efforts to address such challenges.  In this regard,  
we would like to join others in thank ing the co -sponsors for the submission of this proposal. We see 
some important elements in the document to which the WTO could make contributions such as 
keeping our food and agricultural market open, predicable and tra nsparent.  We recognize the 
necessity and importance to keep the free flow of trade. We urge Members to ensure th at emergency WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  measures taken be targeted, proportionate, transparent and temporary, and in accordance with 
WTO rules.  In the meantime, we would l ike to highlight the following 2 elements. Through bilateral 
consultation s, we know that the African Group will also emphasize these elements. We believe they 
should be the WTO 's priorit y from a trade perspective to help developing Members achieve food 
security.  First involves levelling  the playing field. With self -supply account ing for above 80% of food 
consumption , it is important to ensure that trade rules not only maintain an open and predictable 
market system but also create a fair and equitable enviro nment which will enable developing 
Members to fully utilize and enhance their own food production capacity through addressing the 
existing asymmetries in the A greement on Agriculture . Second is the early outcome of PSH and SSM 
negotiations. The e xisting cr isis further shows the urgency on conclu ding the long overdue mandated 
PSH and SSM negotiations which could be the WTO's direct response to the food crisis.  
8.31.  The representative of  the United States  delivered the following statement:  
8.32.  The United States would like to thank the United Kingdom for adding this joint statement to 
the General Council agenda. The United States remains a strong proponent of all WTO Members 
achieving food security. This is a global issue , which requires a global effort, which is unders cored 
by the impacts on global agricultural markets of the recent invasion of Ukraine by the Russian 
Federation. We believe the commitments set out in the joint statement are critical . The United States 
maintains open and predictable markets for global far mers and consumers to mitigate global food 
insecurity. The United States is also actively monitoring global markets to ensure full transparency 
and is sharing reliable data and information through relevant international organizations, including 
through the  Agricultural Market Information System. This includes WTO  consistent direct food aid 
assistance to countries facing severe food insecurity and support for the World Food Program me. In 
just the first four months of 2022, the United  States has donated more than USD 1.5 billion to the 
World Food Program me, accounting for 44 percent of all donor contributions. With this in mind, the 
United States fully supports efforts to exempt World Food Program me food purchases from export 
restrictions.  The United States will be submitting its own WTO communication7 outlining various 
recent actions taken by the US government in response to recent global food security challenges.  
We hope others will consider sharing similar information to better inform our conversat ions and 
discussions on this critical issue.  
8.33.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
8.34.  Brazil would like to thank the U nited Kingdom  for the initiative and for its openness to our 
comments  to their  proposed  "Joint Statement  on Open  and Predictable Trade in Agricultural and 
Food Products ". Although not a co -sponsor of the initiative, Brazil is supporting the document  in the 
General  Counci l as we believe  it supports  the overarching  goal of preserving an open and fluid 
international trade . Brazil  acknowledges  the importance  of the dispositive  aspects  of the text which 
contribute to highlight fundamental elements of the relationship between food security and trade in 
agricultural goods . With similar  initiatives,  the WTO will have an opportunity  to demonstrate its  
capacity  of providing  meaningful  solutions  in times  of food security  crises  while at the same  time 
addressing  the need for reforms  in agricultural trade in line with Art icle 20 of the A greement on 
Agriculture. We hope that every other WTO Member commits to maintaining open markets  and trade 
in order  to ensure  the continued  flow of food, products and inputs such as fertilizers essential for 
agricultural and food production across borders.  We also agree with co -sponsors in stating that 
"strengthening the multilateral trading system, with the WTO at its centre, and progressing 
agriculture reform at the WTO in accordance with Article 20 of the A greement on Agriculture  will 
contribute  to susta inable  development  and help to ensure  more resilient, efficient and sustainable 
food systems against future crises ". Both will be "key to mitigating  multifaceted  short and long-term 
risks and achieving the objective of global food security ". The WTO must contribute to policies that, 
instead of further distorting markets and production, lead to the sustainable development of 
agricultural production and trade.  We must take the opportunity  MC12 offers to  address agriculture  
reform into the future, recogn izing that the availability of, the affordability of, and the access to food 
require international trade in agriculture.  
 
7 This communication can be found in document WT/GC/249.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  8.35.  The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
8.36.  We would like to thank the United Kingdom for their joint statement which shows the current 
challenges of food security and thus gives some recommendations that the WTO should seriously 
consider.  A number of interventions  have already explained reasonably well the current situation.  
Members should give priority to the question of food security given the challenge for developing 
countries notably in Africa. Seven of the hotspots when it comes to hunger are currently in Africa. 
This is a consequence  of the direct challenges that we fac e in food security. We have always said 
that the appropriate response for the WTO on food security should first be to deal with the structural 
problems in the agricultural sector. We have heard a few delegations say in fact that we need up to 
date informat ion on stocks. We need to know where they are before they can be distributed. This is 
why African countries have always said that the problem with food security is the concentration of 
exportation . In fact, it is concentrated in a very small number of coun tries. This means that the 
majority of developing Members  depend on food imports, and this only increases precarity. This only 
underscores  how grave the current situation is. We need to properly assess the situation  not just  on 
supply chains but also on producti on for us to be able to deal with Members'  productivity questions. 
We need to properly understand what the current hindrances are and how we can properly reach 
our full productive potential. There are proposals on food security notably on public stoc kholding for 
food security purposes. We likewise need to deal with trade distortion s. Without insisting too much 
that Members need to work on outcomes at MC12, this is also  important for the African Group . We 
therefore call upon all Members  – those who hav e the will to work not just to address specific issues  
but to deal with systemic ones which are contained in our proposal. This is the only way we can find 
sustainable solutions to the problem of food security notably for developing Members . Members  have 
our full assurance that the African Group will continue to wor k constructively in this area.  
8.37.  The representative of Chinese Taipei  delivered the following statement:  
8.38.  We thank the United Kingdom for proposing this Joint Statement on Open and Predictable 
Trade  in Agricultural and Food Products  and would like to associate ourselves with the statement 
made by the United Kingdom.  As explained by the United Kingdom, Ukraine produces food for as 
many as 400 million people, and is one of the world 's largest exporters of wheat, maize and 
sunflower oil. This food supply chain has been disrupted because of the unjustified war initiated by 
the Russian Federation. The WTO is certainly the key forum to discuss such disruption to the food 
supply chain and food secur ity-related issues and to mitigate short and long -term risks so as to 
achieve global food security.  We support all international legal orders, including the WTO, which 
emphasizes the utmost importance of livelihood and places human life as the value of hig hest 
importance. The difficulty caused by war is on top of the huge problems that already exist as a result 
of the COVID -19 pandemic. We join previous speakers in expressing our full support for Ukraine, 
and would call on immediate cease of the war so as t o restore the food supply chain.  
8.39.  The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
8.40.  The European Union would like to thank the United Kingdom and other co -sponsors for their 
support in raising attention in the WTO to the global foo d security crisis that we see emerging.  The 
crisis triggered by Russia 's unprovoked, illegal and unjustified aggression against Ukraine, is not 
only a dramatic humanitarian crisis for Ukraine. It has increased food insecurity in many developing 
Members  around the world.  We are witnessing a dramatic surge in food, fertilizer and energy prices, 
which exceed the levels reached during the last major food crisis in 2011, as well as risks to supply 
of staple commodities with immediate impacts on world food securi ty and nutrition.  Let me be clear 
that any negative impact on agricultural production in Ukraine, and therefore on global food security, 
prices or availability of commodities on the world market is a result of the destabili zing effects of 
the Russian aggre ssion and military activities on Ukrainian soil.  The E uropean Union  considers that 
the emerging food security challenges should be addressed as a priority at MC12. We hope this 
plurilateral statement may help in focussing attention on the crucial importanc e of responding to 
these challenges.  The discussions in the recent food security seminar, including contributions from 
FAO, WFP and other organi zations, were also useful.  The plurilateral statement is also a  response to 
the call of  the Director -General for  coordinated actions in areas like export restrictions on food, and 
transparency, including transparency of stocks. We call for unanimous support for a decision 
exempting World Food Programme humanitarian purchases from export restrictions. This would 
facilitate sourcing supplies by the WFP in these critical times. The E uropean Union  expects the WTO 
and its Members to act at this critical moment in order to help ensure open trade, strong rules, WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  resilient markets and less trade distortions.  The E uropean Unio n will remain engaged in negotiations 
towards MC12 for outcomes which will provide a tangible response to the food security challenges.  
8.41.  The representative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
8.42.  The CARICOM Group wishes to thank the United Kingdom for introducing this item and the 
other co -sponsors for their submission. Without a doubt, food security is an important issue for all 
of us, but as Small Island Devel oping States, we tend to be more severely impacted and take much 
longer to recover from shocks to global markets. Since the beginning of the COVID -19 pandemic, 
the CARICOM Group has been consistent in speaking to the issue of the impact of the pandemic on 
our food security, including with respect to the correlation to global supply chains.  The further 
disruption to agriculture and food markets, again including with respect to supply chains on account 
of the war in Ukraine have magnified the issue of food se curity for us.  CARICOM has a food import 
bill now trending towards US D 6 billion annually. This dwarfs both the value of our domestic food 
production as well as our food exports. As such, we are highly dependent on imports to meet our 
food needs. Therefore , global shocks place us in a rather precarious position and considerably narrow 
the gap between being food secure and food insecure. According to the FAO, the Russian Federation 
and Ukraine are among the most important producers of agricultural commoditie s in the world. Both 
are net -exporters of agricultural products, and they both play leading supply roles in global markets 
of foodstuffs and fertili zers, where exportable supplies are often concentrated in a handful of 
countries. This concentration could e xpose these markets to increased vulnerability to shocks and 
volatility. While CARICOM 's direct imports from both countries are minimal and any fallout from the 
disruption of exports from Russia and Ukraine would not have a direct impact on CARICOM, indire ctly 
there is likely to be an impact as a result of effects on global supplies and prices.  Elevated petroleum 
prices, rising inflation, the impact of the pandemic, the war in Ukraine as well as ongoing climatic 
events conspire to expose our region 's food i nsecurity. It is from this point of view that we certainly 
have an interest in ensuring that global agriculture and food markets remain open and 
predictable.  The CARICOM Group urges all  Members to show restraint in applying export restrictions 
on food and agriculture commodities. Furthermore, the challenges which we now face underscore 
the need for meaningful outcomes in the agriculture negotiations, including with respect to 
maintaining the ability of developing and LDC  Members  to utilize Article 6.2 of th e Agreement on 
Agriculture and addressing issues relevant to SSM, PSH and transparency in a coherent manner. We 
also call for openness and flexibility on the part of Members to address our concerns around global 
supply chains in the ongoing work on a WTO r esponse to the pandemic.  We have to take a holistic 
approach to this issue of food security. For CARICOM, it is a multidimensional issue, and our response 
must be equally multidimensional. CARICOM Group associates with the statement made b y the ACP.  
8.43.  The re presentative of  the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
8.44.  I thank the United Kingdom for introducing this joint statement, which Korea co -sponsors, 
calling for actions to ensur e open and predictable agricultural markets and trade in the mids t of 
global food crisis.  In recent years, the COVID -19 pandemic has presented challenges to global supply 
chains and food markets.  The Russia n Federation 's invasion of Ukraine, which my government 
condemns strongly as a violation of principles of the UN Ch arter and international law,  has placed 
additional pressure on the already vulnerable global economy by disrupting the supply of basic 
commodities resulting from rising food, fertilizer and fuel prices. Considering that Ukraine and Russia 
are the world 's breadbasket, it is an undeniable fact that Russia 's military actions against Ukraine 
has become a key threat to global food security.  Observing the disruption that Russia 's invasion has 
caused on food production and distribution in Ukraine and its ripple effect in the global food market, 
subsequently endangering the livelihoods of millions of people, it is obvious that the ultimate solution 
should be Russia 's immediate withdrawal of its troops from Ukraine. In the domain of agricultural 
negotiations , now is the time for  Members to galvanize the collective action s to reduce uncertainty 
in the trade environment by improving openness, transparency and predictability of the global 
market.  In this regard, I would like to highlight 3 points . First, in orde r to keep our food and 
agricultural markets open and predictable, Members should refrain from imposing unjustified trade 
restrictive measures on agricultural products.  Second, in response to the current food shortage 
worsened by the Russia -Ukraine crisis a nd the COVID -19 pandemic, it is critical to deliver outcomes 
on the WFP exemption, which would clearly exhibit the relevance of the WTO. Third, as global food 
supply chains are in disarray and trade has a central role to play in addressing food security 
challenges, the WTO must respond to them urgently with both short -term and long -term 
perspectives together with other related international organizations. In this regard, Korea hopes that WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  these and other points highlighted in this joint statement will be pro perly reflected as an MC12 
outcome in an appropriate fashion.  
8.45.  The representative of Singapore  delivered the following statement:  
8.46.  Singapore appreciates the initiative by the United Kingdom. We are a co -sponsor of this joint 
statement for three reasons. Fir st, this statement is both timely and important. It is timely because 
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has precipitated a global food crisis. According to the World Bank, food 
prices could jump by as much as 37% which will hit the poor hardest. In fact, accord ing to the World 
Food Programme, six million children are malnourished, and 16 million in Africa's Sahara region  are 
at risk of food insecurity. Second, the statement complements the joint statement on agriculture 
export prohibitions on restrictions relati ng to the World Food Programme which has been co -
sponsored by 85 Members, representing developed, developing and LDC Members. According to the 
World Food Programme, it has faced a sharp increase in the cost of food prices as well as 
skyrocketing energy pri ces. As a result, with the WFP's funding already stretched, the increased cost 
will mean that the WFP has no choice but to further reduce procurement for vulnerable populations. 
Hence, the right thing to do is for all Members to support the WFP proposal. T hird, the statement 
reaffirms the vital role that the WTO can play in food security. It recogni zes the importance of 
improving transparency, monitoring of trade measures and commit Members to share information 
as soon as practicable of any trade -related me asures affecting agriculture and food products. These 
are all vital functions of the WTO and will contribute to keeping the organi zation nimble and relevant 
to face future global crises. I encourage more Members to join the co -sponsors in this effort.  
8.47.  The representative of Colombia  delivered the following statement:  
8.48.  Colombia joins the U nited Kingdom  and other Members co -sponsoring this statement. 
International trade is central to food security. The unprovoked and unjustified conflict in Ukraine has 
worsened global difficulties and made problems for all of us here, making it impossible to access 
agricultural goods and inpu ts, weakening agriculture supply  chains, distorting global prices and 
creating more restrictions in the export of food and agricultural products. Trade should be a tool to 
allow for the access of food and reduce the undesirable effects of this crisis, limi ting unjustified 
restrictions, tariff barriers and other distortions. Peace and food security depend on a multilateral 
trading system that is open, stable and transparent based on fair rules. This is why Colombia 
supports this joint  statement and thanks the U nited Kingdom  for bringing to the General Council's 
attention this growing problem.  
8.49.  The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
8.50.  This issue of food security is important for member s of our Group who are largely NFIDCs or 
have large parts of their populations as food insecure.  The impact of the pandemic and recent geo -
political developments has sharpened our food insecurity. This requires urgent attention as our 
governments have a sa crosanct duty to feed our populations. We continue to internally assess ways 
in which we can have Ministers deliver a food security outcome for MC12 that is separate from but 
complementary to the work underway in the CoA  SS. For the ACP Group, our food sec urity hinges 
on having policy space to provide support for the development of sustainable local production 
capabilities in order to foster self -sufficiency in pursuit of our food security objectives. As current 
global realities teach us, we cannot comforta bly divest our food security to the discretion of other 
countries. Hence, while we do not discount the importance of market access in our food security 
policy toolbox, we do not see further market opening as a key part of the solution. Importantly, also, 
is the furtherance of stability and predictability of the global trading system.  It is also important that 
developing and LDC  Member s receive enhanced policy space under the Agreement on Agriculture so 
that such Members can intervene to incentivise producti on, protect local producers and, when such 
Member  deem s it necessary, provide support for the stockpiling of food to address market 
imbalances.  We strongly urge Members to abide by their WTO obligations so that their domestic 
policies do not adversely affe ct the food security of other Members, especially net -food importing 
developing countries.  The ACP Group looks forward to engaging with Members with ideas on this 
topic and to providing our contributions to this process. We hope that Members can reach a 
successful conclusion in advance of the upcoming conference.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  8.51.  The representative of Paraguay  delivered the following statement:  
8.52.  My delegation would like to express its support for and solidarity with the people of Ukraine, 
especially with colleagues and frien ds here and their families, as they go through this difficult time.  
The WTO is an organization founded on respect for international law and, as such, cannot fail to 
defend the strict observance thereof.  The multilateral trading system is, and must continue to be, a 
tool that contributes to peace and stability. In this regard, my delegation wishes to reiterate that 
the Republic of Paraguay condemns the attacks on the Ukrainian  people, which are in violation of 
the principles of sovereignty and intern ational law, and reiterates the need to find a mutually 
acceptable and long -lasting peaceful solution.  The statement that we have co -sponsored and that is 
on the agenda today clearly states the importance of this topic and the effects this conflict is havi ng 
on the world economy and trade.  Obstacles to exports as a result of the conflict, particularly given 
Ukraine's role as one of the main exporters of maize, wheat and sunflower oil, among others, and a 
major contributor to the World Food Programme, will h ave local, regional and global effects on food 
security, both directly and indirectly due to the effects on supply chains and price volatility of food 
and agricultural inputs that ensure continual production in other parts of the world.  We have heard 
sever al Members announce restrictions on exports of both products and inputs, thus further 
aggravating the situation by increasing market nervousness. We therefore reiterate the urgency and 
importance of maintaining predictable agricultural markets and ensuring  the continued flow of trade 
in food as well as essential inputs and services for agricultural production and value chains.  In this 
regard, we reiterate our commitment to contributing to healthy and affordable food, by refraining 
from imposing measures tha t may unnecessarily restrict, limit or distort trade, thereby undermining 
the functioning of markets; to inform the WTO of any measures; our support for a decision 
exempting the World Food Programme from any restrictions imposed on exports as they generate  
cost overruns in its operations, and to work together to strengthen the multilateral trading system 
by making headway with the agricultural reform in accordance with Article 20 of the Agreement on 
Agriculture in its three pillars, at MC12, to ensure that agriculture contributes to the sustainable 
development of peoples, and that the trading system for these products is more resilient and efficient 
and can better respond to future crises.  
8.53.  The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , delivered the 
following statement:  
8.54.  OECS countries are net food importing. As small open economies with limited land space as 
well as inadequate fiscal and policy tools, we are highly dependent on food imports to fill the gaps 
in our domestic prod uction.  The COVID -19 pandemic and its impact on global supply chains as well 
as recent events in Europe have brought to the fore concerns about food insecurity in our part of 
the world. Based on a recent survey by the CARICOM Secretariat and the World Food  Programme, 
the number of people in the wider Caribbean Region, including the OECS, estimated to be moderately 
food insecure decreased slightly from 2.5 million to 2.2 million between June 2020 and February 
2021, but the number of those estimated to be sev erely food insecure rose from 407,000 to 482,000 
in this period.  Since 2021, global fertilizer prices have doubled. We are in a period of elevated 
petroleum prices. Much of the world is also experiencing runaway inflation. In March this year, the 
Food and Agriculture Organization 's Food Price Index rose to a new highest level since its inception 
in 1990 , reflecting unprecedented highs for vegetable oils, cereals , meat, sugar and dairy.  We should 
also note that in the OECS, as is the case for several Small I sland Developing States, these 
developments are also taking place either parallel to or in the immediate aftermath of natural 
disasters and climatic events. As the Atlantic Hurricane Season approaches, which also poses 
significant challenges for our agricu ltural sector, our vulnerability to food insecurity takes on an 
added dimension. This is the context in which we thank the United Kingdom and the other co -
sponsors for their submission which contains many important elements.  In this multi -level crisis 
environment, it is important that global agriculture and food markets remain open. We encourage 
Members to exercise due restraint in imposing export restrictions, especially on vital food products, 
as well as for those products for which they are major produce rs and exporters.  We also call for 
transparency to be maintained, and remind Members that any restrictions must be WTO consistent, 
that is, not arbitrary, not unjustified and do not constitute disguised restrictions on trade.  In 
November last year, the WFP  warned that a total of 45 million people across 43 countries were on 
the brink of famine, with even the slightest shock having the capability to push them over the edge. 
This is sobering and it is a reminder that we have the wherewithal to use every trade  policy 
instrument at our disposal for the global public good as we seek to mitigate the current risks to 
global food security.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  8.55.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
8.56.  Let me start by thanking the U nited Kingdom  for taking us  through its proposal, and of course 
the other co -sponsors as well. We associate ourselves with the statements by the African Group and 
the ACP. The food security seminar recently hosted by the WTO provided a sobering picture of the 
scale of the food secur ity challenges that confront several developing and LDC Members . This has 
been going on in a  trajectory between 2016 and 2021 with the African continent disproportionately 
affected. This is precisely the reason why, over the last few years, we have consist ently called for 
reforms of the Agreement on Agriculture to address the structural causes of food security and 
livelihoods of developing and LDC Members . Addressing the structural imbalances in global 
agriculture markets to ensure that it will strengthen d omestic production, especially for developing 
and LDC  Members  is the most sustainable solution to food insecurity and for building resilience in 
food production. To further concretize our ideas, the African Group has tabled a food security and 
livelihood p roposal in JOB/AG/206 which includes a permanent solution on public stockholding, 
addressing concentration of support and to level the playing field, including preserving support under 
Article 6.2 of the Agreement on Agriculture. In light o f the unprecedented rising food insecurity 
crisis, it is important for the WTO – as we approach MC12 – to consider, while we pursue the long 
outstanding agricultural reform agenda, measures that can be taken in the short -term at the 
multilateral level. This  could include specific support to NFIDCs as well as LDCs and, especially given 
that PSH is an important policy tool, looking at what can be done, even if in the interim, to ensure 
that we respond effectively to the food insecurity crisis. Transparency  will be important in terms of 
ensuring that we share information with regard to the stock that is available so that those who are 
facing a deficit know who to approach in addressing their food shortages. We should avoid using this 
crisis to pursue agendas tha t will close off policy space for Members to respond  to it.  
8.57.  The representative of Mauritius  delivered the following statement:  
8.58.  We thank the U nited Kingdom  for its statement on the need to address global food security 
challenge especially the role of the W TO in this context.  We associate with the statements by the 
ACP and the African Group.  The complex and difficult situation currently faced by small developing 
Members , especially NFIDCs, calls for this issue to be addressed urgently.  The forthcoming 
Minist erial Conference would no doubt be an opportunity to demonstrate that the WTO is effectively 
dealing with issues that affect lives and livelihoods.  In this regard, we believe that the African Group 
proposal contained in document JOB/AG/206 presented in Jul y last year provides a good basis for 
further discussions to address the issue of food security in a comprehensive manner.  
8.59.  The representative of Costa Rica  delivered the following statement:  
8.60.  I would like to thank the United Kingdom for its leadership in th e development of this joint 
statement which Costa Rica co -sponsors and fully supports . In this respect, Costa Rica once again 
condemns Russia's aggression against Ukraine, and stands in solidarity with the Ukra inian peop le. 
It has been an extremely difficu lt two years . The world has suffered huge losses in terms of human 
life, and our societies are barely recover ing from the social and economic consequences of the 
pandemic. This fragile situation is now compounded by the terrible human tragedy caused by 
Russia's aggression against Ukraine, and its ensuing i mpact on global markets for key commodities. 
For Costa Rica, as an agricultural exporting country and net importer of grains and agricultural 
inputs, in particular fertilizers, this once again highlights t he importance of maintaining functional , 
predictable and transparent  agricultural mark ets as a basic condition for global food security.  We 
consider that there is significant scope for action in the WTO in order for all Members to contribute 
to transparency and predictability in global agricultural markets. In this regard, the statement that 
we are co -sponsoring today contains modest but co ncrete elements on which  Members can act and 
provide imme diate solutions.  We echo the call to avoid the hoarding and stockpiling of agricultural 
inputs and products, to not impose unjustified trade restrictions, to avoid the implementation of 
trade-distort ing policies, even if they are temporary, to support the adoption of the  Decision on the 
World Food Programme , and to improve transparency in and monitoring of all forms of agricultural 
trade. We hope that Members will see the steps that we are taking in a  positive light, and we urge 
them to join the co -sponsors and support this statement.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  8.61.  The representative of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
8.62.  At the outset, we associate with statement s by the African Group and the ACP.  We also want 
to thank the  United Kingdom for introducing the joint statement on predictable trade in agricultural 
and food products, which we have taken note of. Our failure in the WTO to address the longstanding 
agricultural reform, particularly domestic support as provided in Ar ticle 20 of the Agreement on 
Agriculture , severely affects the production and trade of agricultural food products, especially in 
developing and LDC Members . As a result of these unfair, restrictive and trade distorting domestic 
support and other practices  by some Members, sufficient production  has been  discouraged leading 
to insufficient domestic supply of those products. Members therefore resort to imposing export 
restrictions. The increasing private standards on agricultural products are  likewise affectin g 
openness and predictability of trade in agricultural commodities. Members should consider the 
possibility of regulating as they affect the ability of agricultural products of developing and LDC 
Members to enter into the shelves of supermarkets especially  in the developed world. The issue of 
openness and predictability of trade in agricultural commodities should be looked at through a wider 
spectrum and in a holistic manner. Agriculture reform should be prioritized  first on the longstanding 
issues to level playing field in the international trade of agricultural food products.  
8.63.  The representative of Peru delivered the following statement:  
8.64.  Peru condemns Russia's aggression against Ukraine which violates the national integrity and 
sovereignty of Ukraine. We reject the use of force and call for a ceasefire and a cessation of all 
hostilities in Ukraine, and for international humanitarian law that protects the lives of the civilian 
population to be respected. Multilateralism and dialogue are tools hi ghly necessary to meeting the 
global challenges we now face . We therefore renew Peru's commitment to this common endeavour.  
Peru thank s the United Kingdom and other Members that submitted this joint statement today which 
we will be supporting.  Peru also express es its solidarity with the people of Ukraine in these difficult 
circumstances, and underscore s the importance of keeping the food, services and agricultural inputs 
markets open. In this regard, we invite the rest of the Members to not impose unjustifi ed restrictive 
measures on food and agricultural inputs as they have a particular impact on the most vulnerable.  
We renew our commitment to the multilateral effort to move forward with the agricultural reform 
pursuant to Article 20 of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture with which we hope we will build 
together more resilient, efficient and sustainable food systems in the face of future crises.  
8.65.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
8.66.  Food security has emerged as a major challenge today . The present global situation has 
further accentuated the food security challenges that Members  were already facing due to the 
COVID -19 pandemic. It is not a new challenge  but a renewed one. The food crisis is likely to get 
more prominent in the immediate future if timely measures are not adopted. Developing Members  
in particular will bear the disproportionate brunt emanating from it. Short supply of fertilizers and 
the predicted adverse climatic condition during the next cropping cycle are likely to have s evere 
impact on the future farm production. Identifying the challenges and difficulties in transmitting food 
from the available places to the needy destinations should be the priority of the WTO. These are 
extraordinary times . There are significant concern s for world  food security. This was also highlighted 
during the food security event organi zed by the WTO recently . On 24 April , we heard that part of 
any focus ed solution to address the food security crisis not just in the immediate term but also in 
the lo ng-term entails finding the long pending permanent solutions to PSH. E xtraordinary times need 
extraordinary solutions. Members  capable of stepping up supply should be enabled to mitigate the 
severe food crisis prevalent in the world today. Rules written fo r ordinary times should be 
surmounted during these extraordinary times. India believes in sharing austerity, which was  
displayed when India shared C OVID -related medical products and vaccines during the pandemic 
with the world even while its own requirements were still being met. It  is once again willing to share 
its food provided that the existing WTO rules do not come in its way to help othe r Members  during 
these challenging times. As our Prime Minister has said in his conversation with some of the world 
leaders that India is ready to supply food stocks to the w orld if the WTO can find a way out from the 
existing constraints under the Agreement on Agriculture. We need to look at the existing constraints 
in the Agreement on Agriculture that are co ming in the way of augmenting supplies during this kind 
of crisis. Therefore, we appeal to Members that we need to find ways and means to support the 
efforts of Members who are in a position to help others during the current crisis.  We should not link 
this in any way to the ongoing negotiations in the agriculture pillar. I repeat, we should not link this 
temporary measure in any way to the ongoing negotiations in the agriculture pillar. The n eed of the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  hour is to translate noble intentions , what we have hea rd, into concrete actions and offer meaningful 
solutions in the short term. It is important that the WTO makes a significant contribution during 
MC12 to the global efforts to tackle the current food security challenges and India looks forward to 
working to wards that  end. 
8.67.  The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
8.68.  We appreciate every effort to constructively address the issue of food security and  reiterate 
what we said in our statement under Agenda Item 4. We underscore the need for a pra gmatic 
solution that deals with the roots of food insecurity under any circumstance and in a sustainable 
manner. We support the technical aspects as reflected in the statements b y the African Group, the 
ACP, China and Nigeria. In  so far as enhancing local productivity to build public stocks i s concerned , 
as India had mentioned, we need to convert noble intentions into concrete actions.  
8.69.  The representative of the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
8.70.  Before I start , I would have to apologize for my statement will not be brief due to obvious 
reasons. In any case , it will not exceed the total time spent on the criticizing and irrelevant repetitive 
statements that we heard this morning and yesterday.  When discussing iss ues related to food 
security, it is indeed very important to understand underlying causes of the turbulence and global 
trends in world agricultural markets.  The COVID -19 pandemic and related disruptions in value added 
chains, high freight costs and elevate d prices on fuel, fertilizers and, consequently, foodstuff had 
been cumulatively affecting global agricultural markets for at least the last two or three years.  While 
global food markets were still recovering after the COVID -19 pandemic, this situation was  
aggravated by unilateral economic coercive measures against Russia, which pushed foodstuff prices 
up even higher. Prohibition of doing business with Russian companies including Russian Railways 
and Novorossiysk Commercial Sea Port – which is the main term inal for grain and other agricultural 
exports, as well as payment restrictions, prohibition of transactions with Russian banks, exclusion 
of certain Russian banks from SWIFT have affected all economic operators, including agricultural 
companies, which face  difficulties with financial and logistic servicing of food contracts.  Unilateral 
economic coercive measures against Russia on transportation and logistics imposed by certain 
Members such as port of entry restrictions and banning of transportation or trans it by road, as well 
as the refusal of international logistics companies to handle Russian consignments, lead to extra 
costs and losses, which result in a reduction of trade in major agricultural commodity groups, 
including fishery products and foodstuff.  In addition, hasty and heedless decisions to phase out 
Russian oil and gas supplies taken by certain countrie s will inevitably lead to a further increase in 
prices for gas, fertilizers and, consequently, for key agricultural products, which, in turn, will 
dramatically affect global food security.  It appears that in the rush to impose new measures certain 
countries and companies did not take into account their havocking effects on the life and health of 
people around the globe, especially low -income household s and vulnerable populations among them.   
8.71.  The draft joint statement on open and predictable trade in agricultural and food products, that 
we are considering today, provides for ensuring sufficient, safe, affordable and nutritious food, 
calling on refraining from imposing unjustified trade restrict ive measures, ensuring emergency 
measures being least -distortive as possible, targeted, proportionate, temporary and WTO -consistent 
"in order to allow markets to operate as efficiently as possible and not disrupt the flow of food ". It 
is too bad that this meritable intention, with a considerable degree of hypocrisy, is marred by the 
real actions of its proponents. We are witnessing the double game in all its glory – Members that 
advocate for ensuring global food security simultaneously impose measures restr icting the 
agricultural export of Russia – one of the major exporters in the world to the global markets and, 
thus, undermining the global food security.  The best way to stabilize prices and provide affordable 
food staples would be to ensure uninterrupted trade flows and, to that end, apply WTO -consistent 
measures supporting the availability of basic foodstuffs in international markets. However, certain 
Members calling on joining the statement on open trade in agricultural products would not be able 
to foll ow the provisions of their own statement as they have been already implementing the whole 
menu of restrictive measures aimed at decreasing global supply of agricultural products, increasing 
foodstuff and fertilizer prices, and destroying food security of o ther Members.  Russia takes food 
security concerns very seriously, constantly monitors the situation in international food markets, 
makes its best efforts to ensure that food security issues are resolved and stands ready to maintain 
stable food supplies onc e these coercive measures against Russia are withdrawn. At the same time, 
the political interventions and ipso facto applied coercive measures of the draft statement 's authors WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  question their expressed intention to ensure open agricultural trade. Russia is not in a position to 
support the double standards in this house.  
8.72.  The representative of Georgia  delivered the following statement:  
8.73.  Georgia is a co -sponsor of the Joint Statement on Open and Predictable Trade in Agriculture 
and Food Products. We thank the U nited Kingdom for introducing this and echo the UK's statement.  
We join the previous speaker s in extending  support and solidarity to the Ukrainian people. Georgia 
condemns in the strongest possible terms Russia's unprovoked, unjustified and premeditated 
military aggression against Ukraine, which represents a flagrant violation of fundamental principles 
of international law, including the UN Charter, and undermines international peace and global 
security. We call on the Russian Federation to immediately and without any preconditions cease its 
military aggression against Ukraine and withdraw its military forces from the territory of a sovereign 
and independent State. We reiterate our unwavering support to the independence, sovereignty and 
territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders.  
8.74.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
8.75.  Indonesia thank s the proponents  for presenting the  Joint Statement o n this important  issue.  
Indeed,  the COVID -19 pandemic,  exacerbated  by the latest geopolitical  situation,  have disrupted  the 
global  food supply  in many  parts of the world.  These  disruptions  have created  uncertainties  in the 
market  and volatility  in prices. In turn, they undermine the food security in many Members, 
particularly the developing and LDC  Members  as they do not only affect the consumers but also the 
producers who mainly consist of poor and small farmers.  The common  objective of  all Members  when 
addressing  the food security issue  is to feed its people.  To this end, ensuring  food security  for our 
people  must address equally the issues of availability, accessibility and affordability.  When 
addressing the complex issue of food security, there is no single policy tool that is better than others.  
Relying solely on trade would only create dependency and vulnerability. The current state for which 
we are  right now  could not exemplify better  the fallacy of blind  reliance  on the global  food supply  
chain.  We need also a fair and equitable environment that would allow the enhancement of domestic 
food production capacity.  Indeed , there is a need for a balance d and comprehensive approach. This 
approach consists of not only maintaining an open and predictable market system but also a fair and 
equitable environment that would allow the enhancement of domestic food production capacity.  In 
this regard, achieving a p ermanent solution on public stockholding for food security  purpose  and 
working  towards  an operable  special  safeguard  mechanism at  the upcoming  Ministerial  Conference  
becomes  that much  more crucial  as we work also towards an open and predictable trade in 
agricultural and food products.  These achievements will highlight that the WTO could respond 
correctly to the current challenges on food security in a balance d and comprehensive manner.  
8.76.  The representative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , on behalf of the Arab  Group , delivered 
the following statement:  
8.77.  In brief, we refer back to the Arab Group's statement made at the TNC in this regard. MC12 
should be an occasion to address this very challenging issue to ensure that global trade problems 
and bottlenecks are iden tified to the extent relevant with a sense of urgency here at the WTO.  
8.78.  The representative of Australia  delivered the following statement:  
8.79.  We have just heard assertions that the impact of the worst food crisis in decades is due to 
the actions of others. Those assertions are not true. It is Russia's abhorrent and illegal invasion of 
Ukraine, littering those wheat fields with damaged tanks, that is the primary cause. The primary  
solution is to stop this invasion. These times require us to respond wi th openness to reinforce 
agricultural markets in a contribution to food security. That is what the FAO is saying. That is what 
the market is saying. We have also heard an assertion that what we need is a weakening of WTO 
rules including to subsidi ze throug h distorting support the building of behind the border stocks rather 
than sharing food. I would only remark that there is nothing in the rules of this house that prevent s 
people from donating or selling food. There is nothing that prevents us selling food at market prices. 
There is nothing that prevents us from liberali zing markets. That is what we should do. So, I would  
be very interested indeed to hear precisely what it is in the WTO rules that prevents Members from 
assisting others. The right response is  to back openness in this crisis.  Information is an important 
part of this story. I want to confirm to Members that we will be holding an event on Tuesday , 16 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  May, where we will have a dialogue with commodity market traders on the impact of the crisis on 
global markets. These are direct participants in the market . This is a C airns Group event, and it is 
open to all Members. I urge people to feel free to attend. Members  know what Australia thinks about 
the structural causes of food insecurity and the need fo r us to take a step forward at MC12 on these 
issues so I will not repeat our long -held views.  
8.80.  The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
8.81.  I just wanted to say, very briefly, a very warm thank you to every one who has spoken under 
this agenda item , whether it is to join us as co -sponsors and to confirm their co -sponsorship, or 
even for those who have not yet joined us as co -sponsors, for their insight and contributions. It is a 
testimony to the importance of this issue to Membe rs across this organi zation. We have heard so 
many interventions, including during a time where many of us might normally be  having lunch . 
Thank  you. I hope we can continue these conversations as we work to develop a collective response 
from this organi zation like other organi zations across the international community to the effects of 
Russia's aggression against Ukraine in this field and in others.   
8.82.  The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
8.83.  This has been a good debate on a very critical issue. I do hope we can get a multilateral 
solution, a short -term solution to the "emergency issues" as some people have called them, of a 
food crisis. I suggest that we try to consider it a bit separate from the longer -term agricultural issues 
that we have to deal with. They are related . But in order to respond to this, we might want to think 
of how to tackle this and come up with a package. I want to echo that , if at this point in time we do 
not find a way to respond, just as it has been done lat e in the pandemic, I hope we will not make 
that same mistake here. We will identify what could be a short -term package and then try to tackle 
the issues that are very intimately linked in agricultural negotiations. I have said before that, if there 
are Mem bers who can put addition al food on the market, this would be one way to help.  We need to 
look at this . There will be some sensitivities that we will have to careful ly look at. But we should 
open our minds. Ukraine has grains that need to be let out into m arkets . Australia and India have 
just spoken  on similar matters.  We can open our minds and see how all these Members can be 
supported so that they can help us bring down the high food prices we see on the market.  
8.84.  The General Council took note  of the statem ents. 
9  PROPOSED GENERAL COUNCIL DECISION ON PROCEDURES TO ENHANCE 
TRANSPARENCY AND IMPROVE COMPLIANCE WITH NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 
UNDER WTO AGREEMENTS – ARGENTINA; AUSTRALIA; CANADA; CHILE; COLOMBIA; 
COSTA RICA; THE EUROPEAN UNION; ICELAND; ISRAEL; JAPAN ; REPUBLIC OF KOREA; 
LIECHTENSTEIN; MEXICO; NEW ZEALAND; NORTH MACEDONIA; NORWAY; PARAGUAY; 
THE PHILIPPINES; SINGAPORE; SWITZERLAND; THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF 
TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU; UNITED KINGDOM; THE UNITED STATES; AND 
URUGUAY ( JOB/GC/ 204/REV.9 - JOB/CTG/14/REV.9 ) 
9.1.  The representative of United States  delivered the following statement:  
9.2.  I have personally been working on this proposal for years, and therefore it is a distinct pleasure 
for me to deliver this intervention on behalf of the co -sponsors. We want to engage in a robust 
reform effort following MC12. This should include finding new ways to approach common objectives 
and rethinking how we work and engage with each other.  I am happy to report that the co -sponsors 
of the proposal, Proce dures to Enhance Transparency and Improve Compliance with Notification 
Requirements Under WTO Agreements, have worked in this spirit.  We took a fresh approach to 
longstanding issues, taking into consideration what we learned from our extensive efforts to c onsult 
with Members over the past year and the helpful feedback raised by Members in past Council 
meetings.  
9.3.  Let me highlight some of the most significant adjustments to the proposal in this ninth revision.  
The most significant change is that all administr ative measures have been eliminated. We know the 
administrative measures were viewed by some as penalizing Members unable to submit timely 
notifications for reasons beyond their control. This is not the goal of the proposal. Indeed, the 
proposal aims to he lp Members meet their commitments, and it recognizes that we all experience WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  constraints at times that are beyond our control. We hope this will help address any remaining 
concerns Members may have had with the text. In addition, Paragraph 3 also now contai ns a 
requirement for the Working Group to report to the CTG on its findings and recommendations within 
two years and, if necessary, explore additional ways to improve notification compliance. This addition 
should ensure that the Working Group carries out i ts work in a timely manner and with a clear 
deadline, and is directly responsive to the WTO Membership. In our consultations, some Members 
expressed concerns around the previous paragraph 5, as they felt it could encourage counter 
notifications. While this  was not the intent of the paragraph, we have removed the paragraph entirely 
in response to Members ' requests.  Also, in our consultations, some Members pointed out that 
transparency is one of the fundamental pillars of the entire WTO, not just the agreements, 
understandings, and decisions under the CTG. We agree. So, there is now language that allows for 
expansion of the work in the future, should Members so decide.  Recognizing that many Members 
face resource and capacity constraints and other chall enges that can hinder their ability to prepare 
and submit notifications, any Member may seek specific technical assistance and capacity building 
support to help them submit notifications, but there is no obligation to do so.  Members are also 
encouraged, bu t no longer required, to explain any delay in submitting a notification. Finally, there 
is new language which calls for a review by the General Council in three years of whether any 
technical changes made as a result of the Working Group 's recommendations actually make a 
difference. There  is also an opportunity for the General Council to direct that additional work be 
undertaken, if needed.  
9.4.  Importantly, notwithstanding these many and significant changes, the focus of the proposal 
remains on a bottom -up, in clusive, Member -driven process, led by a Working Group open to all 
Members, which will identify and recommend improvements in notification processes and procedures 
that benefit the entire Membership.  I would like to recognize and thank the six most recent co-
sponsors: Colombia, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Peru and Uruguay. Notifications 
serve a vital purpose. Without the transparency that notifications provide, there is no clarity about 
Members' practices and therefore no or little basis for  understanding how agreements are being 
implemented and whether they need upgrading.  More importantly, notifications provide 
predictability for traders. Transparency is truly foundational to the effective functioning of the global 
trading system.  The co -sponsors welcome your support for this initiative.  
9.5.  The representative of  the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
9.6.  Korea thanks the United States and other co -sponsors for their collective efforts and also 
warmly welcomes new co -sponsors. Tran sparency is one of the very fundamental elements of the 
WTO in providing better predictability and stability especially in today 's uncertain global trade 
environment. Moreover, enhancing the monitoring function of the WTO will be a key step in 
delivering m eaningful progress on WTO reform.  At the same time, Korea highly value s the current 
proposal as this was developed by reflecting different voices and perspectives from various Members, 
most notably by removing all administrative measures, so that this can ultimately contribute to our 
shared objectives in the global trading system. Therefore, Korea greatly encourages other Members 
to support this proposal to demonstrate our collective willingness to multilateralism and to galvanize 
robust momentum for WTO re form in the upcoming MC12.  
9.7.  The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
9.8.  Japan would like to thank the United States for explaining the revised proposal. As a co -sponsor 
of this proposal, we would like to welcome all the new co -sponsors.  We understand that all Members 
share the view that fulfilling notification obligations and maintaining transparency is fundamental to 
the proper functioning of the WTO.  This proposal aims to initiate individual Members ' efforts and 
serious discussions among  Members to improve compliance with notification obligations.  The revised 
proposal reflects all the concerns raised by Members thus far, especially those raised by  developing 
country Members. We believe this is the best possible decision that can be made b y consensus for 
now. In addition, as there is a built -in review mechanism in the proposal, we can continue to work 
on further improving the decision through the course of its implementation, especially by studying 
the utilization and the effectiveness of technical assistance.  We hope to see consensus at the earliest 
possible juncture so that we can start seriously working on improving the notification system for 
enhanced transparency in the WTO.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  9.9.  The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
9.10.  Reform of the WTO across all of its functions is a key priority for the European Union. As 
mentioned by the United States, a bottom -up, inclusive, Member -driven process is at the core of the 
proposal. Major steps have be en taken in this revision to address the concerns expressed so far, 
with an emphasis on the support that Members may benefit from and on how the system could be 
further improved to help Members provide timely notifications.  Timely notifications are the 
foundation of an effective and transparent trading system . Any reform process must therefore 
include stocktaking of current practices and identifying potential improvements in notification 
processes and procedures.  One aspect we would  like to highlight more specifically is how this 
proposal can help with improving our respective domestic systems. For example, engaging as a co -
sponsor in this process has helped the European Union to launch a reform of the internal processes 
linked to th e DS1 notifications in order to be able to increase timeliness of these notifications.  This 
revised proposal provides a solid basis for further engagement with Members to improve notification 
practices and deliver meaningful progress on WTO reform leading up to and beyond MC12.  
9.11.  The representative of Uruguay  delivered the following statement:  
9.12.  Uruguay is pleased to be a co -sponsor of the most recent rev ision of the proposal for a General 
Council decision to enhance transparency and improve compliance with no tification requirements 
under WTO Agreements. We are always convinced of the importance to ensure the greatest degree 
of transparency possible on Members' policies related to trade in line with what is foreseen in the 
WTO Agreements in order to strengthen not only the  WTO's  monitoring but also its negotiating pillar. 
The changes made in the latest revi sion including the  removal of  administrative measures are all 
improvement s which should allow us to achieve a consensus -based agreement on this important 
area of work at the General Council level. Uruguay invites other Members to join this collective effort 
to reach a decision that allows us to take up the work again in the Working Group on Notifications 
and also move forward in the respective objectives as soo n as possible.  
9.13.  The representative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
9.14.  The CARICOM Group takes note of the latest iteration of the  proposed decision . As we would 
have said in the past, transparency is one of the fundamenta l pillars of the WTO 's work, and relates 
directly to our rights and obligations as Members.  While we agree that the provision and receipt of 
technical assistance and capacity building can assist with improving the level of their transparency 
and compliance , we must again highlight the fact that such assistance does not solve the systemic 
capacity constraints faced by our capitals.  We would therefore be concerned if progress made by 
Members in improving compliance with notification obligations is wholly or in part, measured by the 
requests or lack thereof for technical assistance and capacity building.  Additionally, we have taken 
note of the glaring absence of a reference to developing Members , particularly within the context of 
technical assistanc e and capacity building.  Rather , the text appears to suggest that technical 
assistance and capacity building is extended to all WTO Members.  We are cognizant that some  
Members have included the issue of transparency and monitoring under the rubric of WTO R eform.  
The CARICOM Group has therefore been among those to have called for a dedicated discussion 
focused on defining what is meant by WTO Reform and how we treat to those elements within the 
broader framework of reform.  The CARICOM Group associates with t he statement  made by the ACP.  
9.15.  The representative of Iceland  delivered the following statement:  
9.16.  Iceland is a co -sponsor and welcome s new co -sponsors onboard. Transparency is a 
fundamental principle underpinning the rules -based multilateral trading system an d procedures to 
increase compliance of existing notification requirements should form an important pillar of the WTO 
Reform agenda.  Efforts need to include enhanced efficiency and streamlining of existing procedures . 
They should also acknowledge the many d ifferent constraints that Members face . Speaking on behalf 
of a small  mission,  I do understand the burden transparency obligations can have on many Members. 
Necessary flexibilities and support for Members encountering difficulties in fulfilling their 
transparency obligations is therefore an important element for us to be able to support this decision  
– by eliminating all remaining administrative measures and keeping in mind that a decision reaffirms 
the right of all Members to seek technical assistance and capacity building for compiling and 
completing notifications. We commend our co-sponsors who have led the consultation process and 
responded to feedback and suggestions from interested Members. We sincerely believe that this WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  proposal was developed in a pos itive and constructive manner over the past year and we welcome 
all Members that have yet to become co -sponsors to consider supporting this initiative.  
9.17.  The representative of Colombia  delivered the following statement:  
9.18.  Colombia joins this proposed decision and supports the latest changes which are meaningful 
and appropriate to reach the convergence that we seek. We encourage all Members who have not 
yet co -sponsored this proposal  to look carefully at the  latest re vision. This increased transparency 
is import ant in itself for every WTO Agreement . It is important for the organization as a whole and 
for domestic purposes as it sharpens the focus of efforts to stay on top of notification requirements. 
We thank  the proponents and the United States for the ir explanations.  
9.19.  The representative of Chinese Taipei  delivered the foll owing statement:  
9.20.  We thank the United State s for the introduction of the latest version of the proposal contained 
in document JOB/GC/204/R ev.9, of which we are a co -sponsor. We welcome Members who have 
recently joined the proposal.  Preparation of all requir ed notifications in a timely manner has never 
been an easy task irrespective of Members ' levels of development. T his proposal  has never aimed 
to punish any Member which are not able to comply with its notification commitment simply due to 
its domestic cons traints. Rather, it is to encourage Members to seek to fulfil their commitment. The 
proponents have made a significant adjustment in this revision with removal of all administrative 
measures to consider various constraints of Members. With the elimination of administrative 
measures, there should not be much worry about the ability to implement. We hope other Members 
would have confidence in engaging serious dialogue, through the Working Group on Notification 
Obligation s and Procedures, on identifying ways t o improve compliance.  
9.21.  The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , delivered the 
following statement:  
9.22.  We associate with the statements by CARICOM and the ACP. We note that this revised version 
suggests a degree of comprom ise on the part of the co -sponsors. We have always maintained that 
the issue of transparency, including challenges encountered by many developing and LDC  Members  
to meet their notification obligations should not be interpreted as wilful neglect.  Therefore,  we always 
resisted a punitive approach to addressing this issue in the WTO. As such, we are happy to note that 
the co -sponsors have removed administrative measures from the new iteration of their proposal. 
We view this as a constructive development and a sign that our concerns have been heard.  We 
continue to maintain that we must, out of necessity, pursue a normative approach to transparency 
across the entire WTO. In other words, transparency has to be infused throughout, including how 
decisions are made.  Because of the systemic importance of transparency, other configurations, some 
of which we are involved in, are working on their own ideas on what could potentially constitute a 
meaningful decision for the General Council to adopt. I am sure that there wil l be an opportunity in 
the near future to fuse ideas on this issue.  We welcome continued dialogue and consultations and 
commit to engage on this matter in a constructive spirit.  
9.23.  The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
9.24.  Guatemala recognizes and agrees with the co -sponsors that transparency is a fundamental 
element for the proper functioning of the WTO system. Guatemala also considers that notification 
requirements can be improved more efficiently through the simplification of notif ication procedures 
and technical cooperation instead of a penalty system.  Guatemala will work constructively with 
Members with a view to improving transparency in this  organization.  
9.25.  The representative of the Philippines  delivered the following statement:  
9.26.  The Philippines associates with the statement delivered by the United States on behalf of the 
co-sponsors and welcome s the new co -sponsors to this proposal. Transparency is indeed one of the 
key pillars of an effective r ules-based multilateral trading system. It is an important element in 
ensuring a predictable and stable business environment. This proposal reaffirms Members' existing 
transparency and notification obligations and seeks to improve compliance with these obl igations. 
Recognizing the challenges some Members, especially developing and LDC Members,  encounter to 
fully comply with the notification requirements due to varied capacity limitations, the Philippines WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  welcomes the technical assistance and capacity buildi ng provisions of this draft decision to provide 
appropriate support to Members in addressing these constraints. The Philippines sees great value in 
this proposal and looks forward to Members' support and engagement in delivering this decision as 
part of ou r efforts in improving the operation and effectiveness of the notification requirements in 
the WTO.  
9.27.  The representative of Thailand  delivered the following statement:  
9.28.  The current draft reflects the co -sponsors' efforts to address and accommodate concerns th at 
have been expressed by Members earlier including Thailand. In our view, the revised proposal in 
document JOB/GC/204/Rev.9 has included a significant adjustment that aim s to improve greater 
transparency on notifications without ignoring Members' capacity  constraints to existing and future 
obligations by removing all administrative measures that were a major concern of Members, 
including us. Since Thailand has always placed high value and great importance on issues of 
transparency which in our view is one of the WTO's core function s, we are pleased today to inform 
the United States and Members that we are signing  on to become a co -sponsor to the paper proposed 
by the United States and we are prepared to work collaboratively with all Members to achieve an 
outcome on this issue at MC12.  
9.29.  The representative of Peru delivered the following statement:  
9.30.  Peru thanks the United States for the presentation and wishes to announce that it will be 
co-sponsoring the Decision.  My delegation would also like to thank the prop onents for addressing 
the concerns that a number of Members had raised, in particular those relating to the measures 
included in earlier versions as non -notification penalties. We believe that the current version of the 
decision has the right , cooperative and non -punitive approach.  Peru is aware of the challenges that 
this organization faces with respect to transparency, and of the importance of overcoming them in 
order to improve our work, not only in connection with our regular business, but also for hold ing 
informed discussions and negotiations. We cannot however ignore the difficulties that developing 
Member s can encounter with regard to notifications which is why we appreciate the emphasis on 
technical assistance and capacity -building.  In the light of t he current elements of the proposal, we 
sincerely hope that Members will be able to adopt it as soon as possible.  
9.31.  The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
9.32.  I would like to thank the U nited States  for taking us through the revisions with regard to this 
proposal. We associate with the statements by the African Group and the ACP . As we have 
consistently stated, we view transparency as one of the important pillars of the multilateral trading 
system. T he paper titled "An inclusive approach to transparency and notification requirements in the 
WTO" in document JOB/GC/218/Rev.2 remains our departure point on matters related to 
transparency. We further reiterate the point that has been raised by a number of  developing 
Members  that the inability to fulfil the notification obligations is in large part not a result of wilful 
neglect of obligations but is primarily due to genuine capacity constraint s. We welcome and 
acknowledge the attempts that have been made b y the U nited States  and the co -sponsors to address 
our concerns including the removal of administrative measures that aim to penalize Members that 
are unable to comply with their obligations. We ask that in the proposal and we will be in touch with 
the co -sponsors as necessary if there are issues that we need to further clarify. We have noted that 
our interest would be to ensure that ultimately the proposal does not result in new obligations.  
9.33.  The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following statement:  
9.34.  On initial reflection, we see the document as an improvement over previous versions bearing 
in mind the concerns that have been registered. We welcome, in particular, the removal of punitive 
measures as the avenue to sec ure compliance. We have always taken the view that technical 
cooperation, capacity building and dialogue in WTO Committees is the most effective way to address 
transparency or notification issues. We continue to study the draft internally and will revert w ith 
more substantive comments.  The issue of transparency in the WTO is systemically an important 
issue to the ACP Group. As we have repeatedly stated, our members ' less than full adherence to 
transparency obligations in WTO Agreements is not a result of wi lful neglect, but due to serious 
capacity constraints in capitals. The ACP is also working on ideas in respect to the strengthening of 
transparency, in that it must permeate all aspects of the WTO, including in negotiations.  The ACP WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  looks forward to furthe r constructive dialogue with the co -sponsors of the proposal in the near future, 
in hopes of achieving greater convergence.  
9.35.  The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
9.36.  Switzerland is grateful to the United States for its introducto ry remarks and for the 
substantially revised version of this proposal which Switzerland is co -sponsoring . We are pleased to 
note that the number of co -sponsors has now risen to 25 following the announcement by Thailand. 
Both the number and the diversity of  the co -sponsors demonstrate the relevance of this proposal.  
As also stressed by other delegations, transparency is an essential pillar of the WTO. In particular, 
through compliance with our notification obligations, transparency is a precondition for effe ctive 
monitoring of our respective trade policies. Most importantly, transparency is a vehicle for building 
trust and confidence among the Members of this organi zation.  Switzerland believes that it is truly 
possible to improve compliance with notification obligations and this proposal offers pragmatic 
solutions to achieve this goal.  We therefore call on all Members to support this proposal.  
9.37.  The representative of Mexico  delivered the following statement:  
9.38.  This revised version is a sign of the wil lingness to listen and address concerns in order to 
strengthen a crucial element of the monitoring function.  The changes are undoubtedly significant, 
but what has  not changed is the desire to find pragmatic ways to reach our ultimate objective  – 
improving transparency and notification practices.  We are convinced that focusing our efforts in the 
Working Group on identifying the challenges in and improvements to be made to the notification 
processes and procedures will give us an opportunity to reach concrete  and realistic 
recommendations.  We agree that greater transparency can reduce trade costs, improve 
predictability and help decision -making by public and private actors. We therefore urge all Members 
to join efforts to improve the functioning of our organiz ation.  
9.39.  The representative of Singapore  delivered the following statement:  
9.40.  Let me thank the U nited States  for introducing this revised proposal of which Singapore is a 
co-sponsor. Allow me to make three quick points. First, this proposal provides a practica l and 
coordinated approach to strengthen the implementation of current notification practices across the 
different agreements and Committees. Second, we welcome the progress that has been made in 
addressing concerns raised at the last meeting including rem oving the  use of administrative 
measures and reverse notifications. We also welcome the seven new co -sponsors . This demonstrates 
that Members are listening to each other and we hope this collaborative spirit will serve as a good 
example as we approach MC12 . Third, the proposal complements the ongoing conversation on WTO 
Reform. Complete and timely submission on notifications is crucial for the effectiveness of the WTO's 
monitoring function. We will foster greater trust, transparency and predictability in th e global trading 
system and give a much -needed boost to world trade which has declined due to the pandemic.  
9.41.  The representative of Montenegro  delivered the following statement:  
9.42.  Montenegro commends the proponents of this important initiative for their dilige nt, inclusive, 
open and coordinated consultation process over the past year.  Enhancing transparency and 
improving compliance with notification obligations under WTO Agreements remain central to the 
effective functioning of the WTO and the rules -based multi lateral trading system. My delegation 
endorses the statement made by the U nited States  and other co -sponsors of the Decision . Let me 
echo some of the prominent points . The revised decision before us abolishes all administrative 
measures, with the understanding that this can help Members meet their commitments and address 
any remaining concerns they may have had . To overcome possible resource and capacity constraints 
and other challenges that can hinder the ability to prepare and submit notification s, any Member 
may seek specific technical assistance and capacity -building support, but there is no obligation to 
do so.  Members are no longer required to explain any delays in submitting notifications, although 
they are encouraged to do so.  In short, Mont enegro fully shares the view that we have before us a 
practical, incremental plan to improve notification practices and deliver meaningful progress on WTO 
reform. For all these reasons, as already stated in the introductory remarks by the United States , 
Montenegro fully supports the revised decision and joins its other co -sponsors. We also encourage 
other Members to extend their support to this collective effort.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  9.43.  The representative of Viet Nam  delivered the following statement:  
9.44.  Viet Nam thanks the U nited St ates and co -sponsors of this initiative for bringing up the revised 
version . Viet Nam is still consulting internally on this revised paper . We take note of the substantive 
progress as reflected in the current changes. W e took into consideration various com ments of 
Members during the past two years. In particular, the revised proposal emphasizes a constructive 
approach with greater focus understanding the issues Members face in fulfilling their notification 
obligations and on related technical assistance . We hope that the operationalization of this revised 
proposal will likewise be carefully consider ed at the Goods  Council to ensure smooth implementation.  
9.45.  The representative of Brunei Darussalam  delivered the following statement:  
9.46.  Brunei Darussalam is pleased t o see the revisions made in the latest draft. We are especially 
pleased to note that the concerns many Members have expressed such as those on administrative 
measures have been heard and taken into account. In this regard, we acknowledge and thank the 
proponents that have reached out to us and other Members in an effort to address the concerns that 
have been raised. As a small developing Member , we continue to consider transparency as an 
important element in the basic functioning of the rules -based organiza tion, particularly in ensuring 
inclusive participation and equal representation of all Members. Whil e we are  not in a position to join 
proponents, we will be seeking to continue engaging with them on this agenda item, particularly on 
any remaining evolving  areas.  
9.47.  The representative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
9.48.  We would like to thank the co -sponsors for the  latest  revision which is being studied in our 
capital. Non-compliance with transparency obligations is not always wilful nor does it have quick 
fixes such as simply through technical assistance on filing notifications. We would like to seek clarity 
on how what is contained in the proposal in terms of technical assistance would be different from 
existing practices already available to Members and are currently being utili zed. While this proposal 
seeks to work on various transparency related issues under a working group on notifications, some 
of its proponents are also pushing similar transparency related discussions and future work under 
the WTO response to the pandemic. We would like to clarify how these two streams of work are 
envisaged to be different and what value such duplicative exercises would carry . At the same time, 
would this Working Group be open to discussing matters of transp arency beyond notifications in the 
WTO such as  conduct of business and procedures, regular work of Councils and Committees, 
negotiations, approaches adopted for negotiations and in Members ' agreements with othe rs? 
Furthermore, in times such as these, where  global emergencies require urgent collective action, 
would transparency in matters of global interest such as vaccine production and manufacturing 
licenses, and technology sharing be discussed under the Working Group? Lastly, would this proposal 
incorpora te similar elements for notifications under GATS and TRIPS?  We look forward to discussing 
this issue further.  
9.49.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
9.50.  I am glad to confirm  that Brazil just  joined  this initiative  as a co-sponsor.  In our document 
about " Moving the W TO Forward " in document JOB/GC/253,  we stressed  the importance  of 
enhancing  transparency  and strengthening notifications. This must be an indispensable part of the 
WTO reform.  Improving  transparency  and complianc e with notifications  is a fundamental pillar of the 
WTO reform process as we see it.  We hope we can have more Members  on board  so that this 
document  can be adopted by MC12.  
9.51.  The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
9.52.  Bangladesh thanks the United States  and other co-sponsors for the  presentation of 
JOB/GC/204 /Rev.9 . My delegation acknowledges the recent engagement opportunities with Canada 
on behalf the co -sponsors and  notes with appr eciation that the ninth revision of this submission has 
brought some significant changes from its previous versions. We welcome the continuous and 
constructive engagement of the co -sponsors with other delegations.  My delegation has always 
reiterated that t ransparency is an essential pillar . Only a few notification templates or notification 
rituals cannot however assure transparency. My delegation thanks the co -sponsors of this 
communication for recognizing the difficulties of some Members and their capacity constraints to WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  comply with the notification requirements. Bangladesh welcomes the provision of consultation with 
relevant Committees and other Working Groups  and WTO B odies to identify both systemic and 
specific improvements such as introducing simplified notification formats, updating reporting 
requirements, holding additional trainings and workshops at the Committee level and using new 
digital tools that can  help Members improve compliance with notification obligations.  We have 
received th e latest  revision very recently and communicated it to our capital for further guidance. 
In the meantime, Bangladesh looks forward to working with co -sponsors and Members in  this regard.  
9.53.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
9.54.  India thank s the United States and other co -sponsors for the changes made in the proposal 
on transparency and welcome s the changes made taking into account the feedback provided by 
various Members including my delegation during previous  General Council meetings. We , at the 
capital level , are examining the current version of the paper and hope that it can address all WTO 
pillars as well as not equate notification compliance with transparency . We still have  a couple more 
suggestions which we have given earlier . We will be willing to engage with co -sponsors on that 
instead of restricting it to  the Council for Trade in Goods . These suggestions include  adding to the 
coverage  GATS  and TRIPS Agreement and allow ing other relevant WTO Bodies to look into the 
notifications mandate under GATS Article III:3 on transparency and Article 66 .2 of the TRIPS 
Agreement . We look forward towards further engagement and once again thank the United States 
and co -sponsors for this revision.  
9.55.  The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
9.56.  Indonesia thanks the U nited States  and other co -sponsors for providing fu rther information 
and explanation on the revised proposal before us today.  Indonesia takes note of the modification 
made in the proposal including, inter alia, the deletion of administrative measures, the 
encouragement of counter -notification by Members an d rearrang ing the technical assistance and 
capacity building provisions.  We understand that the revised proposal was circulated on 28 April , 
about a week before today 's meeting. At the moment , internal discussion of the revised proposal at 
our capital is s till underway . Furthermore, Indonesia is of the view that addressing challenges faced 
by Members , mainly developing and LDC Members, in fulfilling the notification obligations should 
become our priority by taking into account their level of development.  In the meantime, we would 
like to seek clarification from the co -sponsors on some issues.  We observed that the proposal is 
intending to re -activate and to expand the scope of the Working Group on Notification Obligations 
and Procedures as well as to open the  information on compliance level of Members to the notification 
obligations widely to the public through other for a and channels such as in trade policy reviews  and 
the notification portal.  At the  same time, we appreciate the efforts made by the co -sponsor s to 
streamline the capacity building and technical assistance in the proposal. Yet, we believe the 
objectives wished to be attained on these related provisions under the proposal can be pursued by 
existing applicable WTO rules.  
9.57.  The representative of  the Republic of  Moldova  delivered the following statement:  
9.58.  I would like to express our appreciation to the United States for its leadership in this initiative 
and for the  consultations. We positively note the major modifications made to the revised text of 
the decision which address Moldova's concerns related to the implementation of this draft document, 
particularly reference to the punitive measures . In this context , I am pleased to mention that the 
Republic of Moldova is ready to join other s in co-sponsor ing this initiative.  
9.59.  The representative of Vanuatu  delivered the following statement:  
9.60.  I would like to thank the United States and other co -sponsors for the explanations offered to 
us and we welcome the changes made thus far. As others have mentioned, we h onestly face capacity 
constraints and we are very happy that the proposal re moves administrative measures as well as 
punitive measures, and so we welcome those changes. We do have capacity constraints and we 
need to take into account the need for developin g and LDC  Members  to be given the opportunit y to 
be able to address transparency issues. We continue to ask developed Members to continue that 
support. We look forward to further engagements with the United States and co -sponsors and 
hopefully we can arriv e at the document that is final , constructive and positive for everyone.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  9.61.  The representative of Morocco  delivered the following statement:  
9.62.  Morocco thanks the United States for the new version of this proposal. Morocco is attached to 
a multilateral trading system that is transparent and equitable. We take note of the significant 
modifications made by the United States which focus on taking into account various levels of 
capacities and development of Members. We are currently reviewing the new version domesti cally 
and remain available to continue our exchanges with the United States.  
9.63.  The representative of  the United States  delivered the following statement:  
9.64.  The United States thank s everybody who has intervened together with  all the ir useful 
comments . We have taken good note of them and look forward to continuing conversations to see 
if we can keep getting more co -sponsors. I just want to stress one thing . This proposal contains no 
new obligations or commitments . On the contrary, I highlight particularly paragr aph 3 b. Part of what 
is contemplated here is for Members to work together to consult with each other to see how we can 
simplify and improve the notification  formats , among others,  so that we can make notifications 
easier for everybody. So again, the document does not include any new requirements . Hopefully , 
we can continue to work with all of you . In particular,  I want to express my thanks to Thailand, 
Brazil and the Republic of Moldova for joining us as co -sponsors of this proposal.  
9.65.  The General Council took note  of the statements.  
10  WORK PROGRAMME ON ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND MORATORIUM ON IMPOSING 
CUSTOMS DUTIES ON ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSIONS – REQUEST FROM INDIA AND SOUTH 
AFRICA  
10.1.  The re presentative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
10.2.  This is not the first time we are discussing this issue so I will keep it brief. In recognition of 
the uneven spread of global e lectroni c commerce and the inequitable gains arising from the di gital 
economy as well as the deep digital as well as technological divide, the South African and Indian 
delegations have consistently called for structured discussions in the General Council to be 
reinvigorated. This is in acknowledgement of the importance  of the work under the Work Programme 
in examining trade related issues related to global e-commerce  taking into account the economic, 
financial as well as development needs of developing Members  based on the original mandate that 
is set out in WT/L/274. I t is for this reason that we submitted document WT/GC/W/838/Rev.2 calling 
for the General Council to hold periodic reviews in its sessions of July and December 2022 and July 
2023 based on the reports that may be submitted by the WTO bodies entrusted to the  
implementation of the Work Programme and report to the next Ministerial Conference. The growing 
challenges associated with platform dominance has led to extreme concentration of export markets 
and exclusion of most developing Member  firms and MSMEs to com pete in cross border e -commerce. 
MSMEs face considerable challenges in selling their products through the online platforms especially 
when the platform owner can also function as a vendor. It would therefore be important for Members 
to share experiences on  national policy as well as regulatory responses to support inclusive 
participation in the digital economy. Conscious efforts are necessary to narrow the digital divide and 
build a more inclusive digital economy including by levelling the playing field.  One of the ways is to 
promote technology transfer as well as benefits sharing with developing Members  and firms. In the 
CTD, we have submitted a paper that emphasizes the role of the digital infrastructure as well as 
national digital industrial policies in r ebuilding trade and industry post -pandemic and increase the 
export competitiveness, including the role of data in the context of digital industrialization. With 
regard to the Moratorium, we have put together document WT/GC/W/798 which highlights the 
implic ations of the moratorium including from a digital industrialization as well as revenue loss 
perspective. The developmental aspects of e -commerce remain relevant and it is important to 
understand the scope, definition and impact of the moratorium on customs  duties on electronic 
transmissions so that this informs decision -making at MC12.   
10.3.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
10.4.  My delegation associates with the statement made  by the LDC Group. Honesty in 
implementing the past Ministerial decisions related to e -commerce work programme would be 
instrumental in facilitating e -commerce globally as well as bridging the digital divide experienced WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  especially by the LDCs and LLDCs.  Digital economy inclu ding e -commerce has been emerging rapidly  
and growing massively during the pandemic. However, LDCs and LLDCs like Nepa l have not been 
able to participate in and benefit from e -commerce and the digital economy. The LDCs and LLDCs 
are experiencing huge digit al divide especially in ICT infrastructure, institutional and human capacity 
and many more. Against this background,  reinvigorating the work programme has become much 
more relevant. Mobilizing resources to bridge the digital divide, lowering costs of inter net access, 
and supporting investment in digital skills, and enhancing institutional and human capacity, among 
others , in LDCs and LLDCs are important aspects that we could address through the e -commerce 
work programme. We therefore  support the issues rais ed by India and South Africa on this matter.  
10.5.  The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
10.6.  Nigeria  wishes to refer to its statement  on this issue in previous meeting s of the General 
Council and reaffirm its support for the adoption of an inclusive and development -oriented agenda  
under the Work Programme  on E-Commerce by Ministers at MC12 . The Post MC12 Agenda should 
include effective ways of addressing the North –South digital divide and digital exclusion existing 
within developing countr y Members . Regarding the Moratorium  on Electronic Transmission s, Nigeria 
is mindful of the negative effects of an unpredictable global e -commerce environment for businesses 
and consumers that is likely to occur from the non -renewal of the Moratorium at MC12 . This would 
be devastating given that globally, economies are still struggling to recover from the impact of 
COVID -19. The world expects the WTO to deliver results at MC12 that would underpin post COVID 
economic recovery and widen the circle of prosperity . In view of this, Nigeria supports the temporary 
extension of the moratorium at MC12.  
10.7.  The representative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
10.8.  Pakistan wishes to thank the delegations of India and South Africa for keeping this item on 
the agenda . We recall our previous statements on the matter and reiterate that the General Council 
must reinvigorate the structured discussions on various aspects of electronic commerce.  This is the 
only truly and multilaterally mandated forum for discussio ns on electronic commerce, and digital 
trade and an avenue to find possible ways to address the digital divide, technology transfer and the 
effective utili zation of digital raw material to advance development  of developing and LDC Members . 
We regret the la ck of meaningful engagement from certain delegations on this aspect in the relevant 
bodies and urge Members to fulfil the multilateral mandate.  On the moratorium, we note that it must 
only be renewed by consensus after duly reviewing the conditions and nec essity of extending the 
moratorium. In our consistently held view, a fundamental reassessment of the situation is essential 
before extending the moratorium, by finding answers to questions on definition and scope of the 
moratorium, developmental implicatio ns from fiscal perspectives, fiscal revenue, development of 
digital industries and future of digitizable products.  No extension in the moratorium  does not 
automatically impose duties . It only allows Members the policy space  to do so , if and when they 
deem it appropriate . 
10.9.  The representative of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
10.10.   We associate with  the statements by  India and South Africa  and welcome the discussions on 
this agenda on the E-Commerce Work Programme and Moratorium. Regarding moratorium on 
imposing customs duties on electronic transmissions,  we fully agree that this decision was adopted 
at a time when a majority  of Members  was not aware of the revenue implication which would unravel 
at a later stage. Fortunately, the decision w as adopted temporar ily so that Members can get a better 
sense and understanding of the matter. Currently, we are witnessing a tremendous growth of trade 
on digitali zed products as the digital economy is growing at a rapid rate and therefore some of us 
as Members have understood what implications the moratorium has, especially on our economies. 
We are seeing more products b eing transformed into digital forms such as films, books, sound and 
music and some of the digital products particularly software programm es. You will agree with me 
that they sometimes attract high value which may surpass the budget of a developing economy . A 
single sale of such a programme or software may surpass the budget of an economy. With the 
introduction of new technology such as 3D p rinting, big data and artificial intelligence , we will witness 
more of this kind of transactions happening in our economies  – as our economies also continue to 
transform digitally . Majority will agree with me that tariffs remain the major source of our rev enues. 
After MC12 , we therefore need a deeper analysis and discussion on this matter to better understand 
the implication of the moratorium particularly on the revenue  implications  and digital 
industrialization especially in developing and LDC Members . WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  10.11.   The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
10.12.   The European Union would once again like to underline the importance of renewing the e -
commerce moratorium at MC12.  The economic benefits of the moratorium are manifold, as 
demonstrat ed by a number of recent studies for both developed and developing Members . The 
evidence presented by those studies has been discussed by Members in the last three years. The 
moratorium is indispensable for cross -border trade.  It would be a mistake in our view to look only 
into potential government revenue loss from customs duties as the main impact of the moratorium. 
Instead, it is important to also take into account positive effects that digitali zation can bring to the 
economy. Imposing custom s duties wou ld in fact hurt more than it would help. It would hurt local 
consumers . It would hurt local businesses, particularly SMEs . It would hurt industries who would 
face increased cost of accessing technologies and data sources critical for their business operati ons. 
It is important that we reach a consensus on a Ministerial Decision that extends the moratorium. It 
would allow us to maintain the only e -commerce commitment that we have in the WTO to date. At 
this time when we are trying to find meaningful outcomes at the WTO, discontinuing the moratorium 
would send a very bad signal to the business community. This would also allow us to continue our 
discussions on e -commerce issues of interest to Members in the context of the Work Programme. 
We stand ready to engage  in intensified discussions on development -related issues and on those 
related specifically to the moratorium within the Work Programme.  The draft decision tabled by 
Switzerland, Canada and other Members that is now supported by over 65 Members, including the 
European Union, is a very good and pragmatic way forward. The text is close to what we all agreed 
at MC11. We urge all Members to support it.  
10.13.   The representative of Trinidad and Tobago  delivered the following statement:  
10.14.   Trinidad and Tobago associates  with the statements by CARICOM and the ACP on this item. 
We highlight the importance we attach to the Work Programme on Electronic Commerce. For us, 
MC12 should result in the meaningful reinvigoration of the Work Programme through a heightened 
focus on its development dimension including through structured discussions. The Ministerial 
Decision would need to include a decision on the moratorium. As such, Members should use the 
limited time ahead of us to engage constructively and pragmatically with t he aim of coalescing 
around a single draft Ministerial Decision to be placed before our Ministers in a few weeks.  We thank 
you, Chair,  for your perspectives regarding the stewarding of this process and stand ready to engage 
collaboratively in this regard.  
10.15.   The representative of  the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
10.16.   The Russian Federation has always actively supported the dialogue between Members on the 
trade aspects of the electronic commerce. The COVID -19 pandemic clearly showed us the l evel of 
dependence of the modern economy on e -commerce. To stimulate economies and further develop 
international e -commerce, Members need to avoid unnecessary barriers for digital trade. For these 
reasons, the Russian Federation earlier supported the propo sal to extend the moratorium on 
imposing customs duties on electronic transmissions until the next Ministerial Conference.  At the 
same time, the Russian Federation wants to stress the importance of the WTO multilateral platform 
for discussions on e -commerc e as a Work Program me on Electronic Commerce especially when we 
talk about the development dimension and the role of digital trade in supporting it.  An open 
multilateral dialogue should contribute to finding a careful balance for the benefit of all Members . 
The Russian Federation  is ready to engage constructively in this work.  
10.17.   The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
10.18.   Guatemala underscore s that digital trade is essential for doing business and bringing about 
development. It is therefore important for the WTO to provide the certainty and predictability 
required by both businesses and consumers in an environment heavily impacted by events tha t have 
resulted in high market volatility.  We therefore reiterate the importance of continuing the practice 
of not imposing custom s duties on electronic transmissions with the aim of maintaining certainty 
and predictability for businesses and consumers.  We emphasize the importance of moving forward 
with the discussions of the Work Programme on E -Commerce. These discussions are key to achieving 
the objective of examining all aspects of e -commerce and defining the appropriate measures.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  10.19.   The representative of Sri Lanka  delivered the following statement:  
10.20.   There are many factors including technology gap and digital divide which prevent developing  
and LDC  Members  from effective participation in global e -commerce.  This was well evident during 
the pandemic. Sri Lanka believes that the 1998 Work Programme on Electronic Commerce needs to 
be strengthened and reinvigorated so that the concerns of developing and LDC  Member s can be 
addressed.  In this regard, the proposal by India, Indonesia and South Africa, in document 
WT/G C/W/838/Rev.2, would be a good basis for a robust outcome at MC12 for e -commerce.  This 
communication flags the importance of work under the Work Programme in exploring  trade -related 
issues relating to global electronic commerce, taking into account the eco nomic, financial and 
development needs of developing Members . The General Council should therefore continue with 
convening many more meetings of the Work Programme and ensuring that the original mandate in 
WT/L/274 is adhered to. With regard to the morator ium, we reiterate the role of the General Council 
which remains critical including in relation to imposition of customs duties on electronic 
transmissions. We remain concerned that the moratorium has been renewed every two years without 
clarity on the scop e and definition of electronic transmissions.  Apart from providing an important 
source of revenue, customs duties are an important industrial policy tool to support nascent domestic 
industries, regulate import surges and facilitate industrialization.  Consi dering the economic crisis 
that is being felt by many small developing Members  including Sri Lanka, a reconsideration of the 
moratorium is being considered a critical aspect.  Many developing and LDC  Members  have lost their 
domestic tax revenues in both dir ect and indirect taxation areas enormously due to the extension of 
the moratorium at every M inisterial Conference  since 1998.  For developing and LDC  Member s, the 
gains outweigh the losses through e -commerce moratorium. For example, revenue loss has 
prevent ed developing and LDC  Member s from finding funds to develop advanced e -commerce 
infrastructure through which they could be integrated into the global e -commerce platform.  The 
issues identified by Members under the Work Programme must therefore be clarified  under a 
multilateral process to enable a common understanding on e -commerce.  The absence of a shared 
and common understanding on the scope and definition of electronic commerce will make the 
decision on the extension of the moratorium at MC12 a difficult one for Sri Lanka.  
10.21.   The representative of  the Philippines  delivered the following statement:  
10.22.   We thank India and South Africa for their initiative on this agenda item. The Philippines 
remains committed to advancing the WTO Work Programme on E -commerce and has expressed on 
multiple occasions our support for the extension of the moratorium on the imposition of customs 
duties on electronic transmissions until the next Minist erial Conference. While we also support the 
revitalization and improvement of the Work Programme , the Philippines attaches great importance 
to electronic commerce as it facilitates cross -border trade, plays a critical role in the global post -
pandemic recov ery to boost economic growth and it is of vital importance that we maintain a stable 
and predictable digital trading environment through the Work Programme and extension of the 
moratorium  not only for big business, but especially for MSMEs and women entrep reneurs.  
10.23.   The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
10.24.   We associate with the statements by India and South Africa on this important agenda item.  
Indonesia is of the view that the remaining wide gap on the level of benefits that could be reaped 
from digital trade by Members, particularly between developed and developing Members , is 
unacceptable. This issue affirms the validity of our view presented in the previous agenda item that 
it is our collective responsibility to put developmental  issues at the heart of this organization.  In this 
regard, I would like to refer again to the agreement in 1998 by WTO Members to  "establish a 
comprehensive work programme to examine all trade –related issues arising from global e –
commerce ". Indonesia remai ns of the view that the work, as agreed, should be reinvigorated and 
carried out in order to fulfil this objective.  While reiterating our well known and longstanding position 
on the issue of moratorium of customs duties, we would again reiterate that discu ssions to reach 
clarity and consensus on the scope, definition, and impact of the customs duties would be imperative 
prior to agreeing on any course of action towards another moratorium.  Based on those 
considerations, Indonesia decided to join India and So uth Africa to co –sponsor document 
WT/GC/W/838 as the proposed Ministerial Decision on the Work Programme on E –Commerce.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  10.25.   The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
10.26.   The ACP Group  wishes to reiterate the impo rtance of the  1998 E -commerce Work 
Programme . We have witnessed an increase in digital trade during the pandemic . Now more than 
ever, it is important that the Work Programme be given high priority in the  work of the WTO. We 
continue to emphasi ze that the  WTO must  undertake increased and robust engagement, with an aim 
to acquire a fulsome appreciation of the various issues including but not limited  source code, 
localization and the impact on data flows, as well as consumer protection. The ACP Group welcomed 
and participated in the discussions held within the various Councils relating to the Work Programme. 
These engagements should be continued and further strengthened.  ICT issues continue to reveal 
drastic differences in capacities among nations, and  show that the reality of the digital divide is 
neither a myth nor an acceptable status quo . The impact of the moratorium on customs duties on  
electronic transmissions  is also an issue of importance. This issue  of the moratorium  is sensitive, 
and will requ ire structured and conclusive discussions  given it is one of the agenda items that will 
be presented to Ministers who will decide on the outcome.  The ACP Group stands ready to engage 
with Members in all formats necessary to move this work forward.  
10.27.   The repr esentative of Barbados , on behalf of CARICOM , delivered the following statement:  
10.28.   In light of the importance the Group attributes to the Work Programme on Electronic 
Commerce, we are keen to ensure its meaningful reinvigoration after MC12. To this end, we e ngaged 
constructively in the consultations held in the lead -up to the postponed MC12 last November, a 
process that culminated in the forwarding of two distinct draft Ministerial Decisions to the 
Conference. This meant that, had MC12 taken place last year a s planned, our Ministers would have 
had to negotiate extensively on this issue. This was far from ideal at the time and is an even less 
viable approach now.  Members appear to be in agreement that the current climate is not conducive 
to negotiations among M inisters here in Geneva in a few weeks ' time. In the circumstances, the 
onus is on delegations in Geneva to renew our efforts to craft a single, mutually -acceptable 
Ministerial Decision on the Work Programme and on the moratorium. We thank you,  Chair,  for the 
perspectives shared regarding this process in the period ahead. Given the imminence of the 
Conference, and the competing demands on the resources of our small delegations, it would be 
important to resume our efforts as soon as is feasible. We commit to  continue our constructive 
collaboration and are hopeful that, through good  faith, pragmatic engagement by all concerned, a 
compromise outcome could be secured in the coming weeks.  
10.29.   On the moratorium, we believe that pragmatism dictates that the Ministerial  Decision should 
confirm its renewal. As we consider possible compromises, consideration could be given to the 
inclusion of language related to intensifying work under the Work Programme with the ultimate aim 
of clarifying and resolving questions relating to scope, definition and impact of the moratorium.  That 
said, we take this opportunity to underscore that, for the CARICOM Group, engagement under the 
Work Programme must go beyond the question of the moratorium. Given the importance the small, 
vulnerable economies of our Group attribute to the Work Programme, not least of all its development 
dimension, our aim is to ensure that the Ministerial Decision results in more  frequent, structured 
and substantial engagement by the Membership within the framework of  the Work Programme after 
MC12. To this end, there are certain elements we would want to see reflected in the Ministerial 
Decision. These include  (i) language related to the reinvigoration of the Work Programme on 
Electronic Commerce based on the mandate o utlined in WT/L/274 , (ii) text highlighting the 
importance of addressing the development dimension of the Work Programme in particular and  (iii) 
language related to an instruction from Ministers regarding the intensification of structured 
discussions, based on proposals brought forward by Members. The CARICOM Group stands ready to 
continue its constructive engagement on this important matter, includ ing through textual proposals. 
The CARICOM Group associates with the statement by the ACP.  
10.30.   The representative of Hong Kong , China  delivered  the following statement:  
10.31.   Hong Kong, China has commented on this matter several times before and is not going to 
repeat them in detail today, but would just highlight that digital trade has played a vital role in 
sustaining the global economy during the pandemic and we believe it will also be a driving force for 
post-pandemic global economic recovery . Noting that t he moratorium on customs duties on 
electronic transmissions has underpinned a stable and predictable  e-commerce environment for over 
two decades , Hong Kong, China strongly  supports the extension of the moratorium to at least MC13 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  so as to sustain the current enabling environment  for international digital trade.  We would also like 
to reaffirm our support for the continuation of the work under the Work Programme so that Membe rs 
can continue to address the issues of concern to them.  
10.32.   The representative of Côte d'Ivoire  delivered the following statement:  
10.33.   We support the reinvigoration of the e -commerce work programme in order to overcome our 
domestic  challenges related to the digi tal divide  and to also  take advantage of opportunities  that e -
commerce presents . We therefore s upport the continuation of work under the Work Programme.  
10.34.   The representative of Ukraine  delivered the following statement:  
10.35.   Ukraine would like to reiterate its position on the issue.  Ukraine is a strong upholder of the 
moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions, taking into account its positive 
contribution to global growth of business, especially MSMEs. Ukraine supported the extension  of the 
moratorium until MC12 and confirms its readiness to continue the work on this issue with interested 
Members under the Work Programme on Electronic Commerce, in particular in order to extend  the 
moratorium until MC13.  
10.36.   The representative of Chinese T aipei delivered the following statement:  
10.37.   The significant benefit from extending the moratorium to MSMEs and to the growth of the 
economy should be self -evident. In the face of the urgent need to recover from the pandemic, it is 
indispensable that the WTO s ecure an extension of the moratorium at least to MC13 as an important 
contribution so as to provide a stable and predictable trading environment to facilitate cross -border 
e-commerce. Discontinuing the moratorium would send a very wrongful signal to the bu siness 
community.  We agree to continue the discussion of the 1998 E -commerce Work Programme based 
on existing mandate to promote awareness among Members on ways to bridge the digital divide on 
the condition that  it must be complimented by an extension of t he moratorium so that the overall 
economic benefit and consumer welfare are secured.  
10.38.   The representative of Ecuador  delivered the following statement:  
10.39.   Ecuador is a co -sponsor of the document on the moratorium on electronic commerce . From 
our point of view , this is in the interest of all Members particular developing ones . As we have 
explained on several occasions the moratorium is an effective  mechanism to promote digitali zation 
in general and e -commerce in particular for developing Members.  The difficult circumstances of 
COVID -19 had a positive indirect effect in the expansion of e -commerce  across the globe.  Efforts to 
bridge the digital divide and facilitat e the use of new  technology and other e -commerce tools  
especially for developing and LDC Members would allow the benefits of e -commerce to be felt by all.   
10.40.   The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
10.41.   Japan understand s that the purpose of the moratorium on custom s duties is to assure a free 
trade environment which contribute s to the sound development of e -commerce. We believe that the 
moratorium has provided certainty and predictability in digital trade for both consumers and 
businesses, including MSMEs. In addition, the moratorium has also secured better access to digital 
products. Particularly under the current C OVID -19 pandemic, the moratorium is essential to ensure 
a sound and liberalized environment through e -commerce and to promote safe or less -risky socio-
economic activities in order to contribute to economic recovery and growth in the future.  To 
discontinue the moratorium at MC12 would not only be considered a serious step backward for the 
multilateral trading system but also give a negative impress ion that the WTO would not perform its 
expected role  on pandemic  response . Japan therefore strongly believes that we should maintain our 
current multilateral practice of the moratorium at MC12, and make it permanent eventually. In 
addition, we are convince d that electronic transmission does include content.  
10.42.   The representative of Benin  delivered the following statement:  
10.43.   Benin supports the establishment of a work programme with a clear, balanced and 
meaningful mandate on e -commerce so that Members, regardless  of their level of development, can 
participate. In this context, Benin hopes in particular that the multilateral rules to be agreed will WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  respect best practice and facilitate local economies'  engagement , including MSMEs, with e -
commerce, so that companies, regardless of their size, can participate fully in regional and global 
value chains in this area.  Lastly, and categorically, Benin supports repealing the moratorium on 
customs duties on electronic transmissions.  
10.44.   The representative of Paraguay  delivered  the following statement:  
10.45.   Paraguay support s the extension of the moratorium and the work programme. We hope to 
succeed in renewing and extending it at MC12 given its importance for the predictability in the world 
economy, especially for MSMEs . In th is regard, Paraguay has joined as a co -sponsor of document 
WT/GC/W/831/Rev.5 and we encourage other Members to also join well in advance of MC12 . 
10.46.   The representative of the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
10.47.   Let me start by reiterating my delegation 's firm stance that the current practice of not 
imposing customs duties on electronic transmissions should be made permanent.  The benefit of the 
moratorium far exceeds any revenue loss it may cause, especially by reducing costs and burden for 
businesses as well as consumers.  To business and consumer communities out there, the failure to 
continue the moratorium at MC12 would be translated as a self -imposed moratorium on WTO 's 
business.  If we cannot agree on making the practice permanent, we should at least extend the 
moratorium until the next Ministerial to allow more time for in -depth discussion to take place.  At the 
same time, we are open to addressing the reinvigoration of the Work Programme on E -commerce 
as long as the moratorium stays alive in the Ministerial Decision.  In this regard, my delegation 
supports the proposal in document WT/GC/W/831.  Korea calls on all delegations to show flexibility 
with an objective of reaching an agreement on this issue.  
10.48.   The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
10.49.   As one of the 65 co -sponsors of the draft ministerial decision in WT/GC/W/831 /Rev.5, Brazil  
would  like to reiterate  its strong  support  to the continuation of the Work Programme on Electronic 
Commerce and the  renewal  of the moratorium  on custom  duties on electronic  transmissions until 
the next  Ministerial Conference . Brazil  considers  that the moratorium,  as the only existing  
multilateral  rule on e -commerce, has been an important component of the global growth of  e-
commerce,  by providing  predictability  and certainty  for business  and users engaged in  international 
electronic transactions. Its discontinuation, after more than 20 years in force, would have a strong 
negative impact on the digital economy, in Brazil and  worldwide.  Furthermore, we are convinced 
that the eventual discontinuation of the moratorium  would  send a very negative  political  message  
about  the ability  of the WTO and the multilateral  trade system  to address  the current  challenges  of 
the global  economy  which  is becoming  increasingly  digitalized.  Brazil stands ready to collaborate in 
an open and constructive manner in order to ensure the continuation of the work under the Work 
Programme  and the renewal of the moratorium.  
10.50.   The representative of China delivered the following statement:  
10.51.   It is worth noting that the moratorium may cause significant tariff loss to developing 
Members. It may also have diverse impacts on SMEs as well as digital industrialization in developing 
Members. Thus, more clarity on the definition and scope of the moratorium is needed to help 
Members assess its potential economic costs and benefits.  While we support to continue discussion 
on these issues, we see the urgency for all Members to reach consensus on the moratorium by 
MC12. We believe this will not only provide predictability and certainty to the business community, 
but will also give us room for  future discussions . 
10.52.   The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
10.53.   The U nited Kingdom  strongly supports the moratorium on customs duties on electronic 
transmissions . It is vital  that we extend it in MC12. As we said in the TNC, MC12 is an opportunity 
for this organization to demonstrate its relevance and credibility to our businesses and o ur 
consumers. It is hard to imagine how to explain to businesses that the WTO has gone backwards on 
digital trade rules if we do not secure a renewal of the moratorium at MC12. We also recognize the 
importance of continuing discussions under the Work Progr amme on E-commerce . But let me be 
really clear, the U nited Kingdom  sees the extension of the Moratorium and of the Work Programme WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  as a package. The two initiatives were created together and should continue side by side. We strongly 
urge Members to join the  65 co-sponsors  supporting the draft Ministerial Decision  in 
WT/GC/W/831/Rev.5 which seeks to extend the Work Programme and the Moratorium at MC13.  
10.54.   The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
10.55.   The pandemic has  given unprecedented impetus  to digitalization. The LDC Group recently 
showed how e -commerce has opened up opportunities for small and medium -sized enterprises in 
particular those that are run by women. For example, Cambodia recently developed a policy 
framework for digital economy and a policy for companies for the next 13 years. Cambodia has also 
adopted a law on e -commerce and consumer protection that will undoubtedly consolidate  its path 
towards the development of the digital economy . This highlights  the importance of an e -commerce 
strategy . It brings together a range of ministries as well as the private sector. In the case of 
Bangladesh , e-commerce is reported to have been used to deliver essential commodities such as 
food, many other agricultural produ cts and medicines . E-commerce provided tremendous 
opportunities for women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh to create new businesses during the pandemic  
– these are the same people who initially lost their jobs d uring the pandemic. The Government  of 
Bangladesh  has also developed a digital trade policy that includes the implementation of an e -
commerce ID number to better track the activities in this sector . In Rwanda , they adopted the e-
business services sector which has helped to integrate more th an 600 MSMEs into the cybersphere  
– providing the necessary digital skills . Rwanda has likewise launched an initiative called "Connect 
Rwanda" to provide citizens especially women in rural areas with access to technologies such as 
smartphones. Rwanda has r ecorded significant growth in e -commerce activity as can be seen with 
the number of platforms that exist today – 400 in 2022 up from only 8 in 2018 . We can see that 
LDCs are endeavouring to use these means to be competitive on the market . Such success stor ies 
are attached to the ingenuity and resilience of LDC populations.  
10.56.   In the context of the WTO, the LDC Group  strongly encourage s Members to consider rules 
that are adapted to our context where MSMEs are the driving force behind e -commerce activity. For 
example, we can bear in mind the fact that our MSMEs  are just at a very early stage of growth and 
that compliance with complex rules related to consumer protection for data protection can be very 
costly and prohibit ive to selling goods on foreign markets. I n parallel with the work of the Trade 
Facilitation Committee, we can consider streamlining efforts to strengthen our capacity to adopt 
some modern customs procedures that can enhance our own operators' knowledge about practices 
commonly used in advanced ec onomies that could reduce trade costs. As part of the Work 
Programme on E-commerce , finding  ways to increase digital skills and training programmes can be 
explored  through the WTO Secretariat and in coordination with other international development 
agencie s. The LDCs are  lagging behind and we hope that Members will support us in this field and 
help us  use e-commerce  as a lever to improve our integration into the global market.  
10.57.   The representative of Kazakhstan  delivered the following statement:  
10.58.   As one of the  65 co -sponsors of the Work Programme on E -commerce , Kazakhstan strongly 
believes that the moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions has supported the rapid 
growth of digital trade and particularly , as it was mentioned by the LDCs,  women -led MSMEs and 
individual entrepreneurs , especially wome n, are engaged in electronic commerce  including  during 
the pandemic. W e therefore support the extension of the moratorium at least until MC13. We likewise 
support  the proposal of taking this  decision prior to MC12 . 
10.59.   The representative of Peru delivered the following statement:  
10.60.   As several Members have already said in this room, digital economy and the moratorium on 
e-commerce have been an important topic in this organization for many years. This has drawn the 
interest of businesses in particular MSMEs.  Due to  the challenges brought by the pandemic , they 
have turned to e -commerce to ensure their survival . This moratorium has not only become a 
recurring topic in the multilateral trading system , but it  has also become  a means to stimulate 
economic growth . This is  why we reiterate our initial position expressed on previous occasions which 
is to support the extension of this moratorium at MC12 and also support the Work Programme on 
Electronic Commerce paying particular attention to Members  that suffer from the digit al divide.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  10.61.   The representative of Singapore  delivered the following statement:  
10.62.   Singapore's position on this issue is well -known so I will just make three short points. First, 
the E -commerce Work Programme and the Moratorium are really two sides of the same coin. The 
Work Programme is primarily intended to enhance digital inclusion while the Moratorium will 
strengthen Members' efforts in promoting and embracing digital transformation. For example, many 
developing Members have a growing pool of tech companies which rely heavily on cross -border data 
flows to boost  and develop its domestic digital ecosystem. For instance, Africa's start -up sector 
attracted a record US D 5 billion investment in 2021. Second, allowing the Moratorium to lapse will 
send a highly negat ive signal by diminishing business certainty and legal predictability that will 
impact MSMEs more severely . This is because MSMEs rely on cross -border data flows to access 
critical IT services such as cloud solutions which give small companies access to the same 
information and computing power as large firms by using a flexible, scalable and on demand model 
without significant capital investment and over head cost.  In this regard, the Moratorium play s an 
extremely important role to facilitate such flows wh ich are needed by businesses . Third, the 
moratorium introduced in 1998 and was extended for more than two decades has thereby been 
enabling the growth of the global digital economy . Allowing the moratorium to lapse at MC12 will 
call into question the abili ty of the WTO to remain relevant and capable of responding to new and 
emerging issues like the digital transformation. While Singapore would prefer a permanent 
moratorium, we are ready to exercise flexibility and extend it until MC13. I urge all Members to  work 
together in the spirit of pragmatism to maintain the only WTO multilateral agreement in the domain 
of the digital economy.  
10.63.   The representative of the United States  delivered the following statement:  
10.64.   We agree with what many of the co -sponsors of the d raft decision WT/GC/W/ 831 have said . 
I want to echo the comment by Kazakhstan that we should aim to have this agreed before MC12.  
10.65.   The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
10.66.   India, on behalf of South Africa and other co -sponsors , would l ike to thank all the Members 
who have participated in today's interaction. We would request the process of convening meetings 
of the Work Program me in the General Council as well as in all other four WTO Bodies as mandated 
in WT/L/274 as a standing item. M embers may recall that on  the development agenda, India along 
with other co -sponsors have presented a paper in the CTD in 2021 which focuses on the critical issue 
of the digital divide. The paper also describes how the distributional effects of e -commerce have 
been uneven, exacerbating intra -country as well as inter -country inequalities. The paper explains 
how entrenched technology platforms have used consumer data to bolster their positions, sometimes 
at the cost of MSMEs . These aspects are important to di scuss in the CTD in relation to e-commerce.  
Similarly, the three Councils  with a mandate to undertake discussions on the Work Programme on 
E-Commerce  – CTS, TRIPS Council and CTG , should start abiding by the original mandate. India will 
work towards shaping the agenda for these discussions.  In the run -up to the originally scheduled 
MC12 in November, India, South Africa and Indonesia had presented a communication in 
WT/GC/W/838/Rev. 2 which also stressed the need to rejuvenate the Work Programme on E -
Commerce.  We will reiterate our ask from the previous General Council held in February. We suggest 
holding a discussion on the role of e-commerce during the time of the pandemic. This wil l help us 
make a distinction between the role of international e -commerce vis -à-vis domestic e -commerce. It 
will be good to hear from Members if they benefited from cross -border e -commerce during the time 
of the pandemic.  We also firmly believe that the mo ratorium on customs duties on electronic 
transmission has not served the development purpose. Digital innovation is also contextual to 
domestic  circumstances.  
10.67.   India has been working on creating public digital infrastructure and assets, which have 
unleashe d the power of productivity in the economy. Let me quote some examples.  Firstly, on 
financial inclusion and payments . In 2021, 40 % of all real time payments around the world were 
made in India. In March 2022, Indians made more than five billion transaction s on Unified Payments 
Interface.  In the financial year 2021 -2022, the value of payments made via Unified Payments 
Interface was more than $1 -trillion. This system did not exist until 2016.  But just in six years, it has 
led to nationwide financial inclusion , mobile payment revolution and transformed business to 
business and business to consumer payments.  We have had international payment processors in the 
country for several decades now. But none of them could release these animal spirits in the economy 
not because they were not capable of doing so but because they had no incentive to innovate in the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Indian context.  India hardly had 50  million credit cards issued in several decades when it was left to 
a few international players. But our homegrown financial inclusion has achieved more in just six 
years than was achieved in these several decades of waiting. Had we bound  ourselves to multi lateral 
rules on payments, we would have lost the flexibility to grow Unified Payments Interface and achieve 
true democratization.  Secondly, India has just launched a pilot on Open Network for Digital 
Commerce which enables small sellers to participate in e-commerce on fair terms without leaving 
them to the vagaries of platform and aggregator oligopolies. We know that large commerce platforms 
have been at the receiving end of penalties and investigations in several countries including in the 
developed world . India 's approach to this problem is to create a nationwide public platform which 
enables digital commerce for MSMEs.  It is these kinds of innovations and contextual solutions that 
digitalization should drive. We do no t see how extending the moratorium on  customs duties on 
electronic transmission can bring about such transformation. Other Members may have their own 
ways to address their needs and we urge them to think hard if the moratorium has in any way been 
instrumental in crafting truly transformationa l solutions.  
10.68.   The representative of Australia  delivered the following statement:  
10.69.   Our views are well -known . They are aligned with many of those who have spoken here today . 
E-commerce  is of course the fastest growing area of economic activity globally. Th e Moratorium  is 
the only rule we have in this area globally so the idea that we would hinder it at the global level is 
simply difficult to believe and bizarre.  So, I want to associate with the eloquent words of Nigeria.  
10.70.   The representative of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , provided 
the following statement:  
10.71.   We associate with the statements by CARICOM and the ACP. We are grateful to both India 
and South Africa for requesting this item, as well as for their reflections.  In the TNC  and H ODs 
meeting last week, we called for work to resume on a Draft Ministerial Decision on the Work 
Programme on E -Commerce and the Moratorium.  At MC12, the OECS looks forward to the renewal 
of the Work Programme. We are uncompromising in ensuring that t he Work Programme reflects a 
strong development dimension.  We also believe that , to avoid disruptions to global e -commerce and 
the wider digital economy, the moratorium on imposing customs duties on electronic transmissions 
should also be renewed. We ackno wledge that there are outstanding concerns about the impact of 
the moratorium on government revenue, consumers, businesses and on digital trade 
industrialization, particularly for developing  and LDC  Members . These concerns should not be 
dismissed and post -MC12, we should continue to engage in open exchanges on these issues.  
10.72.   The General Council took note  of the statements.  
11  PAPER TITLED "THE LEGAL STATUS OF 'JOINT STATEMENT INITIATIVES' AND THEIR 
NEGOTIATED OUTCOMES" BY INDIA, SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA 
(WT/GC/ W/819/REV.1)  
11.1.  The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
11.2.  We have discussed the issue of Joint Statement Initiatives for the past several General Council 
meetings.  Let us be very clear why Joint Statement Initiatives do not work. These in itiatives are 
against the very basic mandate of this organization – multilateralism. We express our grave concern 
about the dangers of plurilateralism which marks a return to the pre -WTO GATT days. It is deeply 
regrettable that some Members have chosen to rewind the clock by three decades and are hitting at 
the very foundation of the Marrakesh Agreement.  We have been talking about WTO reforms as well. 
My delegation fails to understand how overturning the formative principles of the WTO squares with 
the disc ussion on organizational reforms. One of the aims of the Marrakesh Agreement was to 
unravel the fragmented system of rules which was created by the Tokyo Round's plurilateral codes. 
That is why the Preamble to the Marrakesh Agreement clearly states that Me mbers have "Resolved 
[…] to develop an integrated, more viable and durable multilateral trading system".  It is our 
collective commitment to uphold the letter and the spirit of the Marrakesh Agreement. Acting 
otherwise will be a huge step backward and under mine the credibility of this organization.  Today, 
there may be a handful of Joint Statement Initiatives or Structured Discussions going on. Tomorrow, 
they may proliferate by the dozens. Have we given a thought to how the scarce Secretariat resources 
be div ided between the work in the committees and supporting dozens of Joint Statement Initiatives? WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Will Members be comfortable if the Joint Statement Initiatives which they do not endorse consume 
scarce Secretariat resources generated from Member contributions?   
11.3.  The Marrakesh Declaration of 15 April 1994 , which is the basis for the formation of the WTO, 
uses the term multilateral no less than seven times. The Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the 
World Trade Organization uses the te rm multilateral no less than fo rty-two times.  Article III .1 of this 
Agreemen t states , "The WTO shall facilitate the implementation, administration and operation, and 
further the objectives, of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements ". Article III .2 of 
this Agreement states , "The WTO shall provide the forum for nego tiations among its Members 
concerning their multilateral trade relations in matters dealt with under the agreements in the 
Annexes to this Agreement. The WTO may also provide a forum for further negotiations among its 
Members concerning their multilateral trade relations, and a framework for the implementation of 
the results of such negotiations, as may be decided by the Ministerial Conference. " Article IX .2 of 
the Agreement states , "The Ministerial Conference and the General Council shall have the exclusiv e 
authority to adopt interpretations of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements. " We 
reiterate yet again that any attempt towards rulemaking resulting from JSI  negotiations into the 
WTO without fulfilling the requirements of Articles IX and X of the Marrakesh Agreement is not 
acceptable. These are clear legal problems which cannot be written off as trivial and it certainly 
cannot be said that those participating  in the Joint Statement Initiatives have demonstrated legality 
of these instruments. What we hear from Members is not their demonstration of legality but rather 
a wishy -washy attempt to brush these issues under the carpet.  This process of Joint Statement 
Initiatives will create a precedent for any group of Members to bring any issue into the WTO without 
the required consensus. We are being led down a very dangerous path in the name of expediting 
negotiations.  We urge Members not to be party to foisting irre levance on multilateralism. Let us 
strive to collectively move forward  – not go back in history.  
11.4.  The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  
11.5.  Nepal has been continuously supporting rules-based, predictable, transparent, inclusive and 
fair multilateral trading system.  Nepal also respects the rights of Members to take needful initiatives 
in the areas of common interest. My delegation respects the essence and provisions of the Marrakesh 
Agreement establishing the WTO, especially its preamble,  scope as per the Article II regarding the 
WTO's role of common institutional framework for conduct of trade relations among its Members, 
and forum for negotiations among its Members concerning their multilateral trade relations, and 
other Article s such as  III, IX and X , among others.  My delegation views  the paper relevant which 
has raised some pertinent questions that we need to assess adequately.  Nepal has been supporting 
this paper from the very beginning and wishes to encourage Members to take into acco unt the 
concerns raised in the paper.  
11.6.  The representative of Costa Rica  delivered the following statement:  
11.7.  As Chair of the Joint Initiative on Services Domestic Regulation, let me reiterate that the 
participating Members of th is Initiative are confident tha t the outcome on services domestic 
regulation, and the pathway for incorporating it into the GATS Schedules of participating Members 
is clearly consistent with WTO rules and procedures.  The outcome will be incorporated through a 
multilaterally adopted proc edure to facilitate the incorporation of improvements to services 
schedules.  As has been explained on numerous occasions, the outcome agreed by participants of 
the JSI on Services Domestic Regulation consists of measures explicitly foreseen to be included in 
services schedules to ensure that the benefits of market access commitments can be fully realized.  
The outcome will benefit the multilateral trading system by promoting the adoption of good 
regulatory practice and enhancing the transparency and predicta bility of regulatory frameworks on 
which suppliers have to rely on for their services trade operations. The outcome on services domestic 
regulation , as it has been stated already multiple times , will only bind those Members that will 
voluntarily incorporat e it in their services schedules and will apply on an MFN basis for the benefit 
of all. This is very important . Once into force, those of us that are part of this outcome will offer 
additional rights and better trading conditions also to those service suppliers of Members that will 
have decided, at least for the time being, to remain out of it.  
11.8.  Services domestic reg ulation is an issue that matters for all WTO Members regardless of their 
level of development. This is an issue from which all of us have a lot to gain. The OECD –WTO 
research found that, by implementing this outcome, we will be able on average to save arou nd USD  
150 billion in trade costs per year and create a more conducive environment to grow our domestic WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  services sector and allow for its better integration in global value chains. And, evidently, most of the 
gains will flow from fully implementing this ou tcome internally. This is why many WTO Members – 
and this means both developed and developin g alike – are working so hard to reform their domestic 
regulatory systems and align it with internationally recognized good regulatory practices, 
substantively simi lar to those agreed upon by the Joint Initiative.  Contrary to what has been claimed 
by India and South Africa, the outcome on service domestic regulation will not create more 
fragmentation in the multilateral trading system. Allowing different level s of obligations among WTO 
Members to accommodate the needs of developing and least -developed Members  is a fundamental 
architectural feature of this organization, just as is doing everything we can to improve our trade 
relations with a view to raising living stan dards of our people.  
11.9.  The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
11.10.   Bangladesh thanks the delegations of India, Namibia, and South Africa for this important 
submission which demands deeper involvement of and dialogue among Members. My delegation has 
not yet taken any position on any of  the Joint Statement Initiatives . Bangladesh however views that 
the issues currently being discussed in JSIs are extremely important and commends those Members 
engaged in JSIs with their sincere efforts an d dedication.  My delegation acknowledges  that any group 
of Members has the right to  discuss any issue informally at the WTO. Regarding the JSIs , we have 
however some questions  as this communication has also pointed out . When the discussions and 
negotiation s are mature among those Members, how does the outcome fit into the WTO framework 
of multilaterally agreed rules? In other words, whether a JSI without  multilateral consensus should 
fit to operate within or outside the WTO framework? No clear answer is ava ilable to my delegation.  
Bangladesh is also trying to understand whether the JSIs will be accepted as amendments or 
revisions of the existing rules or these are just a set of new plurilateral agreements or new legal 
instruments to be included in Annex 4 to  the Marrakesh Agreement. The submission has raised some 
concrete legal questions which should be addressed only from the legal standpoint.  My delegation 
looks forward to working with Members in this regard.  
11.11.   The representative of Nigeria  delivered the fol lowing statement:  
11.12.   Nigeria wishes to thank India, South Africa and Namibia for their paper. We wish to refer to 
our statement on this issue in previous meeting s of the General Council and reiterate that we do not 
agree with the assertion that JSIs are likel y to undermine the multilateral trading system. Plurilateral 
arrangements have always been critical building blocks of the multilateral trading system  even 
during the GATT era.  In December 2021, we celebrated the successful conclusion of the negotiations 
under the JSI on Services Domestic Regulation. The outcome of this negotiation is not only 
commercially meaningful but also such that would widen the circle of prosperity. As we s peak, 
participants, including Nigeria , are currently undertaking their respective domestic procedural 
requirements for the submission of final Schedules of Specific Commitments for certification in 
accordance with laid down procedures. The additional commi tments will confer benefits to every 
Member including non -participants on an MFN basis. This in our view will further strengthen the 
multilateral trading system  and should be commended.  We believe the views expressed in the paper 
regarding the likely impli cation of introducing new JSI rules into the WTO rulebook due to perceived 
inconsistencies is premature as negotiations are ongoing in other JSIs and Members are exploring 
ways to ensure the outcomes are WTO consistent. We also wish to state that the legal  opinion of a 
Member or group of Members on the scope of application of specific provisions of the Marrakesh or 
other WTO Agreements may not always be accurate. For instance, though Article IX of the Marrakesh 
Agreement emphasized decision -making by consen sus, it also envisaged other decision -making 
situations and made provision for alternative options.  We believe the JSIs are of critical importance 
if the WTO is to be responsive to the economic realities of the 21st century. We therefore call on 
Members to  support these initiatives.  
11.13.   The representative of Namibia  delivered the following statement:  
11.14.   We thank the delegation of India for introducing this important item. We subscribe to the 
statement of India and the statement to be delivered by other co -sponsors  on this important item.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  11.15.   The representative of  the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
11.16.   Referring to my delegatio n's statements under this agenda item at the previous General 
Council meetings, Russia reiterates its support and beliefs in J oint Initiatives as an important means 
to restore the negotiating function within the WTO. These initiatives have been progressing steadily 
and enjoy broad support from the WTO Membership. Thus, a constructive attitude towards JSI must 
be ensured  if we are to find ways to adapt the existing WTO legal framework to the modern 
challenges.  Meanwhile, we share certain concerns voiced in the paper co -sponsored by India, South 
Africa and Namibia. We would like to remind that the co -sponsors and co -founde rs of the Joint 
Initiatives, including Russia, were consistently appealing to its open, transparent and inclusive 
nature. The recent "friend -shoring " trend within the WTO negotiations, when discussions are mainly 
held between comfortable allies, questions the adherence of the JSI 's participants to these principles.  
In this vein, we suggest to  engage constructively, inter alia, on the matter under consideration in 
order to avoid fragmentation within the multilateral trading system.  
11.17.   The representative of Malaysia delivered the following statement:  
11.18.   Malaysia wishes to share  our view as a participant of the Joint Statement Initiative s on E-
Commerce , Investment Facilitation for Development and MSMEs.  As we have experienced through 
the JSI process, we acknowledge t hat the approach taken in these JSIs is voluntary, open and 
inclusive in nature. For the WTO to be effective, it has to function and be relevant in addressing the 
current trade and investment issues and challenges. We view this process as vital for the WTO to 
remain as the primary international organization spearheading the work on global trade and 
investment.  We therefore call on Members to engage constructively on the way forward for these 
JSI initiatives with the development dimension in place while main taining the existing rights and 
obligations of all Members.  
11.19.   The representative of Pakistan  delivered the following statement:  
11.20.   Pakistan welcomes this paper by the co -sponsors which raises pertinent questions with 
implications for the legality of steps taken by some WTO Members but also for the fundamental 
nature and functioning of this organization. We have consistently maintained that notwithstanding 
the content or su bject that the JSIs seek to address, they pose a central challenge to the consensus -
based decision -making principle of the multilateral  trading  system.  Consensus lies at the core of this 
multilateral institution. Compromising this principle is a strike at the very foundation of 
multilateralism.  Before compromising this principle, we need to assess and ask ourselves, how is it 
that the negotiating function is institutionally or structurally broken? We have noted that the NGR, 
despite the deadlocks over years , is still carrying on its negotiations. Similarly, we see all negotiating 
bodies and regular bodies convening regularly. To be clear, the negotiating structures and function 
do not need fixing. It is the nature of the subject being discussed in the room, and the diverging 
views of Members that create a stalemate, not a breakdown in the structures of the organization.  
We see the questions posed in this paper as pertinent and look forward to discussing this aspect, 
particularly with reference to upholding an d strengthening the fundamental pillars of this system.  
11.21.   The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
11.22.   We thank the Members who have taken the floor under this agenda item . JSIs that go to 
rulemaking on issues that already command a  multilateral instrument or mandate takes us into 
uncharted territory and we raise the implications of that in the paper, including the implications for 
the Marrakesh Agreement . The problem has many faces including unmandated negotiations that 
conflict wit h existing mandates, negotiations  and decisions – raising the question around the 
coexistence of rules on the same subject matter which has been agreed through the multilateral 
process as well as those that will arise out of the JSI outcomes. India has alr eady referred to the 
relevant provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement which I will not repeat . The only thing that I will 
emphasize is that JSIs cannot bypass existing mandated multilateral negotiations and formal 
requirements for amending existing or introd ucing new rules and arrogate power  over the 
negotiating function of the WTO to a self -selected group of Members. The rules -based institution, 
the fundamental norms and the institutional rules of the WTO must be upheld. We have also listened 
to some of the Members that are saying that there is not anything new and JSIs and plurilaterals 
have been part of the WTO. What we would want to emphasize in this regard is that if Members look 
closer to the precedents that are  normally stated in this regard, there are crucial differences from WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  the JSI s. Normally what is mentioned are examples of cases where there have been explicit 
mandates or consensus decision -making has been taken. In that regard, all those plurilaterals have 
been sector specific and did not venture i nto rulemaking. Hence, I started by saying those that 
venture into rulemaking take us into uncharted territory . South Africa values multilateralism and will 
continue to work with the Membership to strengthen the multilateral character of the WTO and we 
hope that Members , as we prepare for MC12 , will consider the legal questions that we are raising in 
the paper including the options that are available to Members in terms of how rules can be brought 
into the WTO. We note the point that has been raised by Nige ria that Members are looking into this 
issue in terms of how the outcomes will be brought into the WTO and we are ready to engage with 
Members on the issues that we are raising.  
11.23.   The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
11.24.   We thank India, South Africa and Namibia for submitting this document and we believe that 
this matter is purely legal in nature. The legal and final interpretation should have its implications 
on some of the ongoing activities at the house, at the WTO, nam ely the JSI. We call on Members to 
adopt a common understanding with respect to the current JSI s – those activities that actually take 
on the resources of this house and let  us adopt a common vision with respect to the implications of 
those JSI s. Would the y bring benefit or not? This kind of technical assessment is required from the 
economic perspective. We have taken this document to our capital officials . They are studying the 
document from the legal perspective as well as the economic aspect and will come back at a later 
stage with our comments. However, we would encourage JSI proponents to present their legal views 
with respect to the reasons they believe JSIs are really in accordance with the architecture of the 
WTO. So, we can initially have an overall assessment based on knowledge and information with 
respect to the legal aspects from both sides for us to be able to make an informed judgment.  
11.25.   The represe ntative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
11.26.   The General Council has been discussing the same document for more than a year, after the 
proponents submitted it on 18 February 2021. As previously noted by Guatemala and other 
Members, this debate i s premature , and we disagree with the legal assessment of the proponents.  
First, this debate is premature, because no Member has submitted yet, for the consideration of the 
WTO, the incorporation of any plurilateral outcome into the WTO law as a plurilater al agreement 
that would require the consensus of the Membership. Therefore, discussing now the legal status of 
something that might or might not occur in the future does not appear to be a good use of our time. 
Second, this debate has no merit because ther e are different manners in which Members could 
incorporate the outcomes of plurilateral discussions, some of which would not require the consensus 
of the WTO and, the objection of the proponents, or any other Member for that matter, would be 
irrelevant. Th ird, it is useful to remind the proponents that the incorporation of plurilateral 
agreements is not prohibited in the WTO and that the decision to do so, after meeting all the legal 
requirements, is a political one. Fourth, no single provision in the WTO A greements, and the 
proponents have not identified any, prevents Members from exploring, discussing and/or negotiating 
issues of mutual interest. The truth is, whether we like it or not, Members will continue discussing 
and negotiating either here at the WT O or elsewhere. Legal arguments will not stop Members from 
pursuing common objectives in favor of much -needed disciplines. Businesses and the world economy 
move fast, and governments need to catch up.  Finally, it is worth recalling that, precisely, the lac k 
of consensus in the many negotiating areas is the very reason why other Members have been 
exploring flexible approaches, including plurilateral initiatives.  Guatemala therefore invites Members 
to use our energy and resources in finding ways to strengthen  the negotiating function of the WTO 
that would render the discussion about plurilateral initiatives immaterial.  
11.27.   The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
11.28.   Once again, I do not have notes to read from, but I cannot resist to engage in  the debate. I 
heard delegations saying here that without the constraints of multilateral rules , they could develop. 
Five minutes later, they say that multilateral ism is of the essence . The two things cannot be true at 
the same time . I am sorry . I have stu died philosophy for too long to remember this principle . Either 
it is or it is not. I have also studied philosophy, not so deeply as I would like to because I became a 
bureaucrat but to remember the difference between philosophy and sophistry. This is not law. This 
is sophistry . Let us face it, and then let  us go back to a few arguments. This is an organization in 
crisis and one of the dimensions of this crisis is that some Members want to declare that it is illegal 
to negotiate. This is unbelievable. Anoth er thing is, from a pure conceptual point of view, if WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  everything has to be multilateral from the beginning, MFN is completely redundant . We do not need 
MFN if everything has to be multilateral from day one. The very concept of MFN is based on the idea 
that some  things are not multilateral in the beginning . Otherwise , they do not need to extend the 
preferences. It is contradictory. So, the thing is one of the promising avenues for the future of this 
organization is to bring together Members  that think they have things in common and without 
jeopardizing rights and oblig ations want to move further ahead and on an open and inclusive basis, 
different from other negotiations that some Members are engaged in . This should not be forbidden . 
Frankly , this should not be forbidden. I am not a lawyer but I am sure that the Vienna C onvention 
on the Law of Treaties does not forbid this because any negotiation that is undertaken within the 
spirit of a treaty is protected by this treaty . This is a very simple principle. But this is not a lawyer 's 
universe . This is a diplomat 's universe . So, let us make sure that negotiation s do not become 
prohibited in this organization.  
11.29.   The General Council took note  of the statements.  
12  TRADE -DISRUPTIVE PRACTICES OF CERTAIN MEMBERS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS 
FOR THE WTO – COMMUNICATION FROM THE RUSSIAN FEDER ATION (WT/GC/245)  
12.1.  The representative of the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
12.2.  As a follow -up to the discussion in the latest CTG meeting, I would like to draw Membe rs' 
attention to the unilateral trade and economic restrictions being pr ogressively applied by certain 
Members against my country. We believe that this issue concerns everyone in this room and 
deserves a further in -depth discussion.  The amount of illegal unilateral restrictions introduced by 
Australia, Canada, the E uropean Union , Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland, the U nited Kingdom , the 
United States  and certain other Members within the last two months reached several thousands. 
Import and export bans and other quantitative restrictions introduced by thirteen Members cover 
more than 2 ,500 tariff lines. Additional discriminatory import duties introduced by some Members 
cover all the tariff nomenclature that is more than 10 ,000 tariff lines in each case. Just to bring some 
perspective to the issue , according to the 2021 WTO Annual Report, a total of 103 non -COVID trade -
related restrictive measures were recorded from mid -October 2020 to mid -October 2021. Since the 
outbreak of the pandemic, 137 trade -restrictive measures were introduced. As you might remember, 
even those fi gures were considered by us as alarming and potentially quite destructive, since we 
live in a globalized world with interconnected economies and deeply intertwined supply chains. 
However, the recent unilateral measures are vastly more numerous and devastat ing for the world 
economy.  It would be naive to expect that the attempts to block an economy, covering 1/7 of world 
territory, would not affect its authors and uninvolved States. In this full -fledged economic war 
against Russia , most of the WTO Members wil l be struck by collateral damage. Allow me to clarify 
some of the consequences.  
12.3.  First, the unilateral restrictive measures have already caused serious disruptions in the global 
supply chains which are still fragile after the pandemic and drove up the price s of commodities, 
including food. Protracted shortages of metals exported from Russia will increase the cost of several 
products, including cars and aircrafts. Disruptions of exports of potash fertilizers will affect global 
food production and exacerbate r ising food prices.  Energy prices are skyrocketing due to import 
bans on oil, gasoline and coal, as well as export restrictions on equipment and services for oil 
refineries which constitute obvious and blatant violations of the basic GATT principles. High e nergy 
prices translate into increased production and cargo shipments costs as well as growth of consumer 
prices across a full range of products, including foodstuffs, fueling of inflation expectations and 
slowdown of economic growth.  Certain Members delibe rately introduce measures that increase 
logistics costs or even completely dismantle maritime or air transport routes to Russia. Logistic 
chains are broken due to the refusal of international cargo -carrying companies to operate with 
Russian consignments un der the threat of being penalized by sanctions. Due to the unviability of 
traditional itineraries, many carriers are forced to take longer routes, which increases their lead 
times and fuel costs. Container shipping carrying capacity is being affected, frei ght rates continue 
to grow. This leads to the rise in prices. For instance, according to FAO, the global supply gap 
resulting from limited shipments can push up international food and feed prices by 8 to 22% above 
their already elevated levels.  Let us not forget about unilateral restrictions in the financial sector, 
which also increase costs. After doing this simple math on additional costs arising from the unilateral 
restrictive measures, worldwide consumer price increases should not come as a surprise.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  12.4.  Second , despite different pretexts for the destructive policies applied by certain Members, 
they put the prospects for the global economic growth and development at serious risk and 
disproportionally affect low -income developing and LDC  Member s. Higher pric es threaten livelihoods, 
discourage investment and contribute to widening trade deficits. The danger for many developing 
and LDC  Member s that are heavily reliant on fuel and food imports is most profound.  As the Director -
General recently said, "History tea ches us that dividing the world economy into rival blocks and 
turning our backs on the poorest countries leads neither to prosperity nor to peace ". We urge 
Members to heed these words.  Third, contradictions of such Members ' actions with the spirit of this 
house and the letter of its book are obvious. Vast and outright violations of WTO rules that we are 
witnessing now is a massive blow to the multilateral trading system . It undermines the role of this 
organization as a guarantor of international trade rules  and demonstrates that no Member is safe 
from such unjustified and unlawful vast measures in the future. It also ruins the basics of 
international law. Authors of all those sanctions decided to assign to themselves the exclusive right 
to independently deci de how to apply the rule of law. However, in doing so, they break the entire 
system of international trade.  
12.5.  The latest actions by some WTO Members, including the arbitrary suspension of the MFN 
status in relation to my country and attempts to isolate the R ussian delegation from participation in 
the WTO work, create a dangerous precedent for the multilateral trading system as well. As George 
Orwell has put it , "all animals are equal, but some are more equal than others ". This quote quite 
accurately reflects what is currently happening in the WTO. We have obligatory universally accepted 
rules, but some Members can just choose not to follow them with impunity. The implications of such 
attitude will persist far beyond the end of the conflict in Ukraine.  The WTO has proved to be an 
organization that is primarily guided by economic considerations and solid legal standards. 
Regrettably, an ever -increasing pressure for its politicization has already brought numerous 
inefficiencies and now threatens the existence of t his organization as a whole. Political conflicts, 
including military ones, unfortunately are currently happening in many parts of the world. However, 
if the WTO takes on the role of the UN or similar dedicated agencies, and starts tackling all those 
confli cts, it will very soon lose its role as a universal regulator of global trade.  The Russian Federation 
condemns and rejects the attempts to replace the current system of equitable global economic 
governance with unlawful unilateral restrictive measures of e xtraterritorial scope, designed to bully 
independent States into submission.  We urge respective Members to prevent the violations of 
multilaterally agreed trade rules through unilateral means and stop their coercive actions aimed to 
force other WTO Members to follow their suit.  
12.6.  The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
12.7.  Let us be clear from the outset . It is the Russian army that has invaded the Ukrainian territory. 
We strongly condemn the illegal, unprovoked, unjusti fiable aggression of Ukraine by the Russian 
Federation which has brought catastrophic loss of life and human suffering in Ukraine and poses a 
direct threat to the European and international security order.  The Russian Federation 's hostile act 
is a blatant violation of international law and the rules -based international order, the consequences 
of which have already extended well beyond Ukraine 's borders.  We are greatly concerned about the 
global trade consequences of the aggression in particular as regards t he supply of a number of 
commodities, including oil and gas, staple foods, and critical minerals.  The European Union also 
strongly specifically condemns Russia 's actions targeting Ukraine 's food supply and production. 
Credible reports highlighted that Russ ian forces are attacking and plundering grain silos in Ukraine 
as well as damaging and removing Ukrainian farm equipment. Furthermore, the closure of the Black 
Sea by Russian armed forces effectively blocks the exports of grains via Ukrainian seaports.  The 
food security situation is already dramatic for those directly involved in Ukraine. The impact of the 
Russian aggression is however not just restricted to Ukraine and its citizens but is seriously 
challenging food availability in some vulnerable net food -importing countries in particular. Russia 's 
war of aggression in Ukraine is thus jeopardizing the food supply to some of the most vulnerable 
parts of the worl d, particularly in developing  countries , and pushing millions of people into food 
insecurity. The Russian Federation has now embarked on a further campaign of disinformation in 
the context of the WTO. In the face of this, the European Union, alongside our partners, deems it 
important to set the record straight for the benefit of the Membership.  
12.8.  In a t ransparent manner, the European Union ha s issued a Joint Statement together with 
partners in relation to the trade measures that the European Union and other Members are adopting 
towards Russia, including measures that deny the Russian Federation the benef its which the WTO 
Agreement provides, such as the benefit of the most -favoured nation treatment. The measures WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  include export restrictions and import restrictions targeting the Russian Federation.  The European 
Union considers these actions necessary to prot ect its essential security interests within the meaning 
of the applicable security exceptions of the WTO Agreement. The purpose of these measures is to 
restore peace and security, in full respect of Ukraine 's territorial integrity, sovereignty and 
independ ence within its internationally recogni zed borders. These measures are  therefore  fully 
consistent with WTO rules.  The European Union would like to underline that the EU 's sanctions do 
not target the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation. The sancti ons are primarily directed at 
the Russian Government, the financial sector and the economic elites. They target the ability to 
finance the Russian aggression against Ukraine and its people. Therefore, the European Union, 
alongside our partners, strongly co ndemns Russia 's attempts at putting the blame on international 
sanctions for the global food security crisis that is directly caused by Russia 's aggression against 
Ukraine and its people. In this context, we are committed to helping Ukraine cope with the t rade 
consequences of the aggression. We will seek to facilitate access and transit for imports from Ukraine 
to our markets and encourage Members to do likewise – including by eliminating tariffs and other 
restrictions to imports, facilitating the use of in frastructure and facilitating customs procedures in a 
manner commensurate with their capacity and consistent with WTO rules.  The European Union will 
continue to provide humanitarian aid to alleviate the suffering of Ukrainian civilians by securing their 
access to basic goods and services, notably food. The European Union will also help Ukrainian 
farmers to continue planting and growing cereals and oilseeds, much needed for themselves and for 
the world, and to facilitate their exports.  We call on the Russian  Federation to immediately stop its 
military aggression in Ukraine which is also the only way to stop the humanitarian and food security 
crisis.  
12.9.  The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
12.10.   Russia 's invasion of Ukraine is completely unjustifiable. The negative consequences 
stemming from this attack lie solely at the feet of the Russian leadership, and Russia 's attempts to 
propagate falsehoods will never change that.  The WTO exists as a rules -based organization, and 
Russia 's illegal actions demonstrate a complete disregard for the most fundamental principles of 
international law.  Russia should not continue to benefit from the international order while its every 
action demonstrates a complete disregard for that order.  We stres s that our measures do not target 
Russia 's agricultural exports and are primarily directed at the Russian Government, the financial and 
energy sectors and economic elites and are aimed at curtailing Russia 's ability to continue to finance 
its illegal invas ion of Ukraine. Canada is acting to protect its essential security interests, which are 
inextricably linked to a rules -based international environment.  Canada will also continue to stand by 
the brave men and women fighting for their freedom in Ukraine.  Canada calls on Russia to abandon 
this path of war and return to good -faith diplomacy.  This represents the best means of addressing 
what is not only an urgent humanitarian emergency in Ukraine, but also a growing global food 
security crisis.  
12.11.   The representativ e of Australia  delivered the following statement:  
12.12.   The claim by Russia that recent economic and trade actions are the cause of trade disruptions 
and the food crisis is a message designed to deflect and to spread disinformation. To be clear, global 
food pric es reach ed record levels in March of this year as a direct result of Russia's illegal invasion 
of Ukraine. This invasion is a direct violation of international law on which this organization is 
founded. The R ussian invasion has compounded existing issues, high energy prices, shipping in 
supply chain congestion, causing further disruption to global food production and exports. Australia 
supports the continued collective action to impose far reaching economic and trade measures to 
inflict heavy costs on those  responsible for the invasion. Australia is in the process of notifying 
relevant measures taken to the World Trade Organization.  
12.13.   The representative of New Zealand  delivered the following statement:  
12.14.   It is Russia's illegal war in Ukraine that has caused widespread humanitarian consequences 
and resulted in senseless deaths of innocent people. It is also Russia's war in Ukraine that is critically 
impacting existing international agricultural trade and exa cerbating existing global food supply 
disruptions and food insecurity. In response, New Zealand has joined the international community 
in applying sanctions. New Zealand applies 35% tariffs on imports from Russia and prohibits the 
exports of certain produc ts to Russia and Belarus that are closely connected to strategic Russian 
industries. This targeted action is a direct response to Russia's war in Ukraine. In keeping with the 
principle of transparency, information on New Zealand's tariff and export prohibi tions in response to WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Russia's actions in Ukraine has been shared with the Secretariat and is publicly available including 
online.  
12.15.   The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
12.16.   Norway condemns, in the strongest possible terms, Russia 's unp rovoked and illegal attack 
on Ukraine.  Russia 's war against Ukraine is causing death, destruction and human suffering on a 
horrendous scale.  Russia 's war is causing price hikes on energy, commodities and food, harming 
poor and vulnerable people across the world.  Russia 's war is a blatant violation of international law.  
Russia 's war is a direct threat to the rules -based world order, which the WTO is an integral part of.  
Russia has through its despicable actions lost the moral right to point their finger at o thers.  
12.17.   The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
12.18.   I refer back to the UK statement under Agenda I tems 4 and  8. Members will not be fooled 
by Russia's disinformation. Russia alone is responsible for the global crisis and it must withdraw its 
troops from Ukraine. The UK will continue to act to protect our essential security interests.  
12.19.   The representative of Iceland  delivered the following statement:  
12.20.   Iceland condemns in the strongest possible terms the brutal, unjustifiable a nd unprovoked 
invasion of Russia on Ukraine. This aggression by Russia is causing widespread destruction and 
unspeakable human suffering to the people of Ukraine. It is a blunt violation of international law, 
including the UN Charter, and undermines the in ternational order that is based on multilateralism 
and the rule of law. Iceland along with its partners has responded to Russia's aggression by 
implementing a range of economic measures aimed at restoring peace and security. We deem this 
measure necessary to protect our essential security interest which are fully consistent with relevant 
expectations of the WTO Agreement. The fact that the sanctions do not target Russia's export of 
agricultural products cannot be emphasized strongly enough. Regrettably , it is Russia's invasion of 
a sovereign nation that is disturbing supply and productions of key commodities with great 
repercussions for the global economy. While Ukrainian infrastructure and property is being 
bombarded by Russia , pressure on global prices wil l persist , growth will continue to slow and the 
food security of millions will be jeopardized. We support efforts within this organization to effectively 
respond to the grave trade consequences of Russia's aggression and we will continue to stand in 
solida rity with the people of Ukraine.  
12.21.   The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
12.22.   We would like to refer to our intervention under Agenda Item 8.  Furthermore, Switzerland 
condemns Russia's military aggression against Ukraine in the str ongest possible terms and calls on 
Russia to take military de -escalation measures, to cease hostilities, and to immediately withdraw its 
troops from Ukrainian territory.  This military attack is a flagrant violation of international law, 
including the prohi bition of the use of force and the principle of territorial integrity of States. In 
response to the Russian military aggression, Switzerland has taken a number of economic measures. 
These measures are of an exceptional nature and have been taken because of  this violation of 
international law by Russia. The measures taken by Switzerland are in accordance with international 
law including WTO law.  
12.23.   The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
12.24.   Russia's aggression agains t Ukraine clearly infring es upon Ukraine's sovereignty and 
territorial integrity and constitutes a grave breach of the United Nations Charter, which prohibits the 
use of force. Furthermore, this is a unilateral attempt to change the status quo by force and is totally 
unacceptable.  It is an extremely serious situation that has shaken  the foundation of the international 
order, including  in Asia. In this regard, Japan condemns Russia 's actions in the strongest terms.  In 
addition, it has come to light that a series of cruel and inhumane acts by Russia have taken place 
not only in Bucha, near Kyiv, but also in various parts of Ukraine. The killing of a large number of 
innocent civilians is a serious violation of internat ional humanitarian law and constitutes an 
absolutely unforgivable war crime. Russia must be held accountable for such inhumane acts.  It is to 
be expected that the international community, including Japan,  takes economic and trade measures 
consistent with W TO rules on Russia for its aggression agains t Ukraine.  As stated in the G7 Leaders' WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Statement, Russia's aggression agains t Ukraine is causing global economic turmoil. The impact on 
Ukraine's internationally important agricultural sector places a serious bu rden on global food 
security, for which Russia is responsible. We continue to work with our partners, including 
international organizations, to proactively address the impact of Russia's aggression agains t Ukraine 
in such areas as energy and food  across  the world . Japan and other Member s have been carefully 
addressing the situation by imposing sanctions in a manner that does not hinder the provision of 
humanitarian assistance or the operation of global agricultural trade.  
12.25.   The representative of Chinese Taipe i delivered the following statement:  
12.26.   The cause of the food and humanitarian crisis is apparently the Russian aggression in 
Ukraine. The war has continued to cause devastating losses of innocent lives, millions of refugees, 
great turmoil in international tr ade and serious worsening of the global food crisis. We have 
associated our position with the joint statement circulated by many Members in document 
WT/GC/244 to join international efforts to stop the war.  We call on Russia to live up to its 
international responsibility and to cease the unprovoked and unjustified military invasion in Ukraine.  
12.27.   The representative of the United States  delivered the following statement:  
12.28.   US measures addressing the threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United  
States caused by Russia's premeditated and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine are fully consistent with 
our WTO rights and obligations.  
12.29.   The representative of the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
12.30.   As I stated under Agenda Item 8, the Korean Government joins others and strongly 
condemns Russia's armed invasion against Ukraine as a violation of principles of the UN Charter and 
international law.  The use of force that causes innocent casualties cannot be justified under any 
circumstances.  Ukrain e's sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence should be 
respected.  We also share deep concerns over the increased market uncertainty and supply chain 
disruption in food flows in particular that the Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused  and aggravated 
as well as the burden it has caused on the business of the WTO, as the rule s-based multilateral trade 
organization , at this critical juncture.  The only solution is for Russia to stop aggression and get back 
to diplomatic course.   
12.31.   The representative of Ukraine  delivered the following statement:  
12.32.   This directly concern s the situation that arise because of a full -scale unprovoked and 
unjustified war launched by the Russian Federation against Ukraine . I would like to thank the 
Members th at express their full support for Ukraine for strong response to the invasion and measures 
taken for security reasons.  Once more , we emphasize that Russia 's invasion of Ukraine undermines 
established work of the multilateral trading system, hinders develop ment and people 's welfare  in 
developing and LDC Members  as well as impairs proper functioning of international organizations  – 
the WTO in particular. We therefore ask all Members to stand together and take action s to protect 
the main principles the work of  the WTO are based on and safeguard hard -earned accomplishments, 
goals and gains of our common work, as well as our proper development.  
12.33.   The representative of Cuba delivered the following statement:  
12.34.   The World Trade Organization was created to raise standard s of living and stimulate 
economic development. Unfortunately, today, it is becoming increasingly frequent to impose 
unilateral measures that challenge the respect for the founding purposes and principles of this 
organization, which should constitute the c ompass for and focus of our work. These types of 
measures threaten the multilateral trading system and will never pave the way to advancing global 
development.  On multiple occasions, Cuba has reiterated the need to respect the rules upon which 
we have collectively agreed. Today, I reiterate, there are many measures that contravene our own 
agreements.  In the past few days, it has been repeated, including during this session, that we are 
only a few weeks away from the beginning of MC12 . Cuba is opposed to the run -up to the Ministerial 
Conference being marked by the politicization of this organization's work.  We should focus on the 
needs of the  millions of men and women who currently do not ha ve access to the benefits of 
international trade, who are experiencing interruptions to supply chains, and who are seeing their WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  food security become increasingly at risk. We should focus on trying to recover from the terrible 
effects of a pandemic that is not over. We should focus on fostering the gradual normalization of 
international trade and not on imposing new and greater barriers. We should not leave it until 
tomorrow because tomorrow may be too late.  
12.35.   The representative of the Bolivarian Republic of V enezuela  delivered the following statement:  
12.36.   We would like to thank the Russian Federation for having raised at this meeting an issue 
that, for my delegation, is highly sensitive. The Russian Federation has alerted us to the dangers 
looming over the multila teral trading system because of the recent aggressive and politically -
motivated trade restrictive actions of certain Members against it. For years, Venezuela has been 
warning against the proliferation of unilateral coercive measures imposed by hegemonic po wers as 
a political weapon. Since at least 2015, so for seven years, Venezuela has suffered a 
multidimensional financial, trade, economic and patrimonial attack, with multimillion dollar losses. 
As a result, Venezuela's revenues have been cut by 99%, and t he negative impact has spread to all 
areas, notably the food, health, transport, communications and technology sectors. And that was 
without immediate and humiliating obstacles, such as Venezuela's late honouring of its assessments 
and contributions in int ernational organizations and institutions, as is the case in the WTO.  We are 
witnessing first -hand the collateral damage that this type of measure causes not only to the 
population of the Member  concerned, but also to other economies, provoking disruptions  of all kinds, 
including trade distortions. In this connection, we are reminded of the book by the US author, Richard 
Nephew, entitled "The Art of Sanctions: A View from the Field", in which he says , "Sanctions are 
intended to create [...] to be blunt, 'pa in'". The illegal nature of unilateral coercive measures has 
been recognized by the United Nations General Assembly itself and by the Human Rights Council.  
The WTO has proved to be an organization that is primarily guided by economic considerations and 
solid legal standards. We cannot afford for this Organization to become an accomplice of aggressive 
and politically -motivated trade restrictive actions, that also divert us from our raison d'être and 
distract us from the issues that should be central to our a genda. The very definition of unilateralism 
implies conduct that violates principles and rules.  In this connection, we call for a return to 
multilateralism as the best way to resolve our differences and we express our support for a forward -
looking, transpa rent and inclusive multilateral trading system, based on rules agreed by consensus.  
12.37.   The representative of Belarus , speaking as an Observer , delivered the following statement:  
12.38.   I would like to thank the Russian Federation for highlighting such important topics as a 
negative trend which , if continued unchecked , may have tremendous devastating consequences for 
the WTO multilateral trade system and its core principles. We are currently witness ing a surge of 
protectionism as well as unprecedented im plementation by certain Members of unilateral coercive 
restrictive measures. All this could seriously undermine free trade and development. This is 
especially dangerous while the whole world is struggling with the COVID -19 aftermath and facing 
the threat o f the food security crisis. It is difficult to think how  the WTO and its Members can on the 
one hand call for an active post -pandemic restoration of trade and investment flows and on the other 
hand have blind eyes to the actions of individual Members  in their blocks which directly impede such 
restoration. Last year, the Fifteenth UNCTAD Conference in its final document , The Bridgetown 
Covenant , urged its Member s to refrain from adopting and applying any unilateral economic financial 
or trade measures inconsistent with international law and the UN Charter. Unfortunately, we are 
witnessing a very dangerous process . Sanctions are not only about Russia . It is about many others 
in the world which are suffering from the unilateral restrictive measur es. For example , in Belarus, 
sanctions have been unlawfully introduced by developed countries  which  contradicted with the UN 
Charter. The sanctions have limited the ability of Belarus to participate in international trade which 
had an impact on ordinary ci tizens. The unlawful ban imposed on transit of fertilizers from Belarus 
have created a shortage on the world market posing a threat to global food security. Such measures 
negatively affect the well -being of people and may hinder sustainable economic and so cial 
development in th ose concerned as well as worsen their trade relations. As a  WTO Observer and an 
acceding party, Belarus is seriously concerned about the erosion of the principles of this organization 
by trade disruptive crisis which defy everything t he WTO intends to stand for – to facilitate free 
trade, enhance multilateralism  and assist sustainable development. If WTO Members condone  the 
use of unilateral coercive measures, the negative trend can escalate and bring the organization into 
crisis and d isarray. Belarus calls upon all WTO Members and Observers to return to constructive, 
result -oriented negotiations and actions, and to contribute to  the overall global recovery.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  12.39.   The representative of the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement : 
12.40.   Permit me very briefly to sum up what we have just heard. First of all, I would like to express 
my gratitude to all delegations who voiced their views on this important subject, especially to those 
who shared our concerns. And we took careful note of all  the statements made.  Unfortunately, we 
have heard a lot of emotions, arguments that are irrelevant to the WTO and – most importantly – 
attempts to present the situation as though Russia itself is to blame for their measures from the 
authors of the unilate ral restrictive measures.  This argument is quite ridiculous. It says a lot about 
the irresponsible approach of some Members to their WTO obligations when they try to blame others 
for their own decisions.  Just to react on the statements made by the E uropean  Union  and Canada 
that their measures do not affect agricultural export from Russia, I would like to refer to my 
statement under Agenda I tem 8 when I gave all the details of such effects.  I was not in the position 
to talk about the issues concerning the "blockade " of the Black Sea, which are outside the scope of 
the WTO, but since these allegations appeared again with reference to some "credible sources ", I 
would like to refer to the recent formal letter of our Mission to the UNOG addressed to the ILO 
Director-General. It describes the steps the Russian Federation takes in practice to ensure the safety 
of civilian vessels of all countries and their crews and in particular describes the parameters of 
humanitarian corridors in the Black Sea which are open daily for the safe passage of vessels from 
the Ukrainian ports. It also contains some details about the destructive behavior of the Kiev regime, 
which prevents the functioning of these corridors, as well as about the practice of large -scale mining 
of waters which was confirmed during the briefing of the IMO Secretary -General on 13 April 2022. 
It is underlined in this letter that, against this background, Russia considers inappropriate public 
unproved accusations, while the responsibility o f Kiev for the grave situation of seafarers from Russia 
and other States remains unaddressed. For further details , I invite the interested delegations to 
address my team or our colleagues at the UNOG Mission. I still firmly believe that these issues are 
not relevant to the WTO, but as soon as they are raised at the General Council meeting, I feel obliged 
to give no space for fakes and false accusations.  Regrettably, we have heard fairly poor justifications 
that the unilateral restrictive trade measures agai nst Russia go in line with the WTO rules. This 
confirms our grave concerns – the Members that introduced them have consciously chosen to discard 
the rulebook that provides a level playing field for all of us – and this puts the future of this 
organization at a major risk.  
12.41.   The General Council took note  of the statements.  
13  PROPOSED SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY DECLARATION FOR THE TWELFTH WTO 
MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE: RESPONDING TO MODERN SPS CHALLENGES - THE AFRICAN 
GROUP; ACP GROUP; ARGENTINA; AUSTRALIA; BELIZE; BRAZIL; BURKINA FASO; CABO 
VERDE; CANADA; CHILE; COLOMBIA; COSTA RICA; CÔTE D'IVOIRE; DOMINICAN 
REPUBLIC; ECUADOR; EL SALVADOR; THE GAMBIA; GUATEMALA; HONDURAS; JAPAN; 
MALAYSIA; MEXICO; MONGOLIA; NEW ZEALAND; PANAMA; PARAGUAY; PERU; SENEGAL; 
SINGAPORE; TAJ IKISTAN; TOGO; UKRAINE;  THE UNITED STATES; URUGUAY ; AND VIET 
NAM ( WT/GC/W/835/REV.2 - G/SPS/GEN/1758/REV.11 ) 
13.1.  The representative of Mexico  delivered the following statement:  
13.2.  On behalf of the co -sponsors, we are pleased to present an update of the Declaratio n on SPS 
matters for the Twelfth WTO Ministerial Conference: "Responding to Modern SPS Challenges".  A 
revised version of the declaration was issued on 28  April to add Malaysia and Mongolia as 
co-sponsors, bringing the total number of Members who support th e declaration to 92. It is important 
to note the economic and regional diversity of all the co -sponsors.  Since the last General Council 
meeting, the co -sponsors have continued to work with Members in an effort to secure multilateral 
support.  The declaratio n reaffirms the principles of the SPS Agreement while acknowledging the 
evolution of the global agricultural landscape, and establishes a work programme so that WTO 
Members can address the SPS challenges of the 21st century.  The co -sponsors consider it important 
to proceed in a timely manner with the proposed work programme and we are eager to move forward 
with this initiative during the Ministerial Conference in June in order to start work as soon as possible.  
It is important to reiterate th at the declaration does not imply reopening the SPS Agreement . Rather , 
it acknowledges the need to further improve implementation of the Agreement to address the 
challenges and opportunities of the global agricultural landscape  – an issue of immense import ance 
at the moment, and that the Agreement's significance remains evident to all Members.  The 
co-sponsors continue to seek multilateral support for the declaration and we call on Members who 
are not yet co -sponsors to join us and confirm their support for this important initiative.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  13.3.  The representative of Morocco  delivered the following statement:  
13.4.  Morocco thanks the proponents and the co -sponsors of this declaration that underscores  the 
role of SPS measures in international trade particularly in foodstuffs an d perishables. Morocco is 
pleased to announce its co -sponsorship of this declaration . We underline that the SPS Agreement 
and its provisions should apply in a fair and equitable fashion based on sound scientific proof. We 
invite Members that have not yet c o-sponsored the document to do so  in order to forge ahead 
consensus, enhancing predictable and equitable trade and reducing barriers and burdens on 
exporters, mainly from developing Members.  
13.5.  The representative of Malaysia  delivered the following statement:  
13.6.  It is imperative that the benefits derived from the SPS Agreement and its provisions continue 
to safeguard Members ' rights to ensure the necessary protection of human, animal and plant life or 
health, while at the same time avoiding protectionism that can  lead to unnecessary barriers to trade.  
In this regard, Malaysia has expressed its support for this SPS draft Ministerial Declaration. We 
consider this declaration as an opportunity for Members to strengthen the implementation of the 
SPS Agreement to bette r position ourselves in managing and dealing with SPS issues and challenges 
in the 21st century.  
13.7.  The representative of Mauritius  delivered the following statement:  
13.8.  Mauritius associates with the statement s by the co -sponsors and the African Group.  The role 
of the SPS Agreement in supporting trade in agricultural products and consequently contributing to 
sustainable agricultural growth need not be further emphasized.  However, challenges do exist that 
unduly hinder exports from developing Members especial ly African Members that are very often 
dependent on the exports of only a limited number of products.  In this context, Mauritius supports 
the establishment of the Work Programme to look into such challenges and how to address them.  
Such a Work Programme mu st ensure that SPS measures are not introduced to create additional 
barriers to trade.  Moreover, given the capacity constraints faced by developing Members, technical 
assistance and capacity building requirements of concerned Members should be effectively 
addressed.  We also look forward to discussions on the development of equivalence and mutual 
recognition agreements, and the harmoni zation of SPS measures that should become trade 
facilitation tools rather than barriers to trade.  
13.9.  The representative of Tajikistan delivered the following statement:  
13.10.   The Republic of Tajikistan thanks the proponents of this initiative for developing the SPS 
Declaration for MC12 and Mexico for the introduction of the revised declaration on behalf of the co -
sponsors. We also welcom e new co -sponsors of this declaration. Given the importance of this issue 
that is in the interest of all Members, as co -sponsor of this initiative , we express our support of the 
proposed SPS Declaration for MC12. The Republic of Tajikistan is confident tha t full implementation 
of the SPS Agreement by Members will facilitate trade and contribute to sustainable agriculture 
goals. We believe that fruitful and constructive cooperation within the WTO framework will allow us 
to move forward with the aim of having  a concrete outcome at MC12. We look forward to constructive 
cooperation and encourage other Members to join this declaration.  
13.11.   The representative of Côte d'Ivoire  delivered the following statement:  
13.12.   We associate with the statements by the co -sponsors and by  the African Group . We are 
pleased to see the development and would like to see this adopted at MC12. SPS issues continue to 
concern Members worldwide, particularly developing LDC  Members , given the obstacles to market 
access. We recognize the right of all  Members to take SPS measures as stated in the SPS Agreement . 
At the same time,  Members have an obligation to make sure that SPS measures are only applied 
when necessary and that they are based on sufficient scientific evidence. Equally, the agreement 
obliges Members when developing SPS measures to bear in mind the specific situation of LDCs and 
to provide the technical assistance in order to maintain their commitments to the measures and to 
provide them with market access. Unnecessarily restrictive SPS mea sures, which are not based on 
scientific evidence, make us suffer in terms of addressing additional barriers and burdens which 
require the creation of new infrastructure and to develop specific local skills. This requires additional 
financial resources in order to equip the development and export chain s to make us competitive in WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  exports in this sector. We therefore invite Members at MC12 to adopt the work  programme  without 
the need to  have new negotiations on SPS. The work programme allows us to move into a  post-
MC12 situation where we strengthen food security  and increase the collaboration with other bodies 
on SPS measures  while recogni zing LDCs' ability to implement measures . 
13.13.   The representative of the China  delivered the following statement:  
13.14.   We support that the draft is to reaffirm Members' right s and obligations established by  the 
SPS Agreement rather than to launch negotiation s of new obligations, or re -open, or amend the SPS 
Agreement.  We however  note that certain language in the draft coul d have an impact on the balance 
of existing rights and obligations under the SPS Agreement. China appreciates the previous 
discussions with the co -sponsors and would like to continue to work with them in order to have it 
settled as early as possible.  
13.15.   The representative of Colombia  delivered the following statement:  
13.16.   I would like to extend our full support to this agenda item . We are a large number of Members 
supporting it and would like to thank Mexico for its statement  on behalf of all co -sponsors. The 
declaration without creating new obligations on Members allows us to establish a  fora to discuss  all 
challenges and opportunities considered with the aim of maintaining legality and security of the 
system. It also stresses current challenges related to global growth as well as the circulation of 
agricultural products and the innovation in technology . This  also considers important issues such as  
climate change and tensions in food production  as well as the  growing importance of sustainable 
agriculture practices and the pressure of pests a nd other challenges which Members face when 
addressing their commitments. The proposal provides for a space for  dialogue on challenges and 
opportunities which must be born e in mind in order to maintain standards without becoming 
unnecessary barriers to trade. We believe that the work  programme  put forward in the document 
would strengthen the global understanding o f the SPS Agreement.  
13.17.   The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
13.18.   The European Union would like to thank the cosponsors for having engaged with us on this 
draft Ministerial Declaration.  As we said a number of times at the SPS Committee meetings, we 
would have preferred to see more robust references in the text of the declaration to the current and 
future environmental challenges for trade in foods, to sustainable food systems, without prejudice 
to the well -acknowledged boundaries of the SPS Agreement.  While confirming the European Union 's 
commitment to the work, we mai ntain our reservation.  We also take this occasion to draw the 
attention of the General Council to the document we presented on the global transition towards 
sustainable food systems and encourage the SPS Committee, among others, to be a forum for 
discussio n on this important topic.  We remain open to further engaging with co -sponsors with a view 
to reflecting these priorities in the draft Ministerial Declaration.  
13.19.   The representative of  the Russian Federation  delivered the following statement:  
13.20.   The d elivery of the work program me of the SPS Declaration will allow Members to identify 
the challenges to the implementation of the SPS Agreement and the mechanisms available to 
address them, as well as the impacts of emerging pressures on the application of the SPS Agre ement.  
Generally supporting the main idea and most points of the SPS Declaration, the Russian Federation 
reiterates its position that the text requires just a few amendments. The authors of the document 
are well aware of our comments. We are looking forwar d to find ing appropriate language that can 
lead to consensus.  We believe that the adoption of the declaration at the MC12 would be beneficial 
for all Members.  
13.21.   The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
13.22.   As a co-sponsor, the ACP Group believes that the work programme provides an avenue for 
strengthening understandings on the SPS Agreement without restraining Members to any new 
obligations, and should, therefore, be utilized as an opportunity for weighing the benefits and 
implications of maintaining supervisory standards that can simultaneously serve as barriers to trade.  
Our Members are largely impacted by non -tariff barriers that could be averted through streamlined, WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  collaborative work among Members. If adopted, this declaration proposes an avenue  for greater 
collaboration  in support of developing and LDC  Members to improve their integration into the 
multilateral trading system. Technical  assistance and capacity building  are therefore essential. S o, 
too is the WTO 's collaboration with other standard -setting international organi zations  that can offer 
insight and support.  The ACP Group endorses the efforts in preparing this text, and we encourage 
other Member s to also consider the proposal for inclusion  as a part of the MC12 package.  
13.23.   The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
13.24.   The African Group endorses the declaration. We agree on a set of topics which will define 
our future work in this ar ea and enable this organization to address current and future challenges. 
Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that in addition to exogenous structural issues such as 
domestic support, measures that impact the competitiveness of African agricultural p roducts, the 
disparity in sanitary and phytosanitary rules constitute a real barrier to market access. While we all 
agree on the importance of maintaining food quality , the related measures must be based on 
irrefutable scientific data. The African Group is  mindful that the current work programme should 
take into account environmental and sustainable expectations. These environmental issues deserve 
to be addressed in a common framework so that they do not become inappropriate technical barriers 
to trade. We therefore call on all Members to agree to endorse this SPS Declaration and work 
together for fair and balanced common rules that meets the expectations of all Members  and 
strengthen s the implementation of the SPS Agreement.  
13.25.   The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
13.26.   Norway shares the views and concerns expressed by the E uropean Union . Norway would 
therefore like to flag our reservations regarding the current draft declaration.  We are however, as 
always, willing to contribute constructiv ely to the drafting of a text that may be adopted at MC12.  
13.27.   The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
13.28.   We are co -sponsors being  part of the African Group . That is why we support the statement 
made by the African Group. We know we are not  in a textual negotiating mode today . We are of the 
view that any foreseen action should be more trade facilitative. We will coordinate with the co -
sponsors, with our partners, maybe to include a vision in the document or an action plan component 
that woul d address the implementation of Article X:1 of the SPS Agreement which reads as follows: 
"In the preparation and application of sanitary or phytosanitary measures , Members shall take 
account of the special needs of the developing country Members and in particular of the least 
developed country Members." The intention here is to make this Article more functional or at least 
to know how Members implement  measures and  how they take into account the special needs of 
developing and LDC Members  when they prepare or apply the sanitary and phytosanitary measures.  
13.29.   The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
13.30.   Guatemala thanks Mexico for submitting the dra ft Declaration on behalf of the co -sponsors, 
which include Guatemala.  Guatemala supports this initiative as we consider that it is of vital 
importance to open a forum for discussion on the issues faced by Members in addressing issues 
related to sanitary an d phytosanitary measures.  
13.31.   The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
13.32.   Bangladesh  acknowledges the recent engagement opportunities with Brazil and other 
delegations on behalf of the co -sponsors. We are pleased to hear from the co -sponsors that one of 
the aims of this draft declaration is to increase the participation of developing and, in particular,  LDC 
Members , whose integration into international trade flows is key if we are to ensure sustainable and 
inclusive development.  Banglade sh appreciates that this draft declaration contains many points 
relevant to all Members. My delegation wishes to raise one observation. Paragraph 4 of the draft 
declaration includes the necessity for increased notification . At the same time,  we recognize t he 
capacity constraints of many developing and LDC  Member s. In this regard, t he qualifier "increased " 
may be removed. Likewise, the same paragraph 4 sets a forward -looking goal for implementation 
of the SPS Agreement by the SPS Committee. Here , my delegati on would strongly recommend to WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  include the necessity of paying due attention to the administrative and financial constraints of the 
developing and LDC Members. We may recall that we have also discussed the notification issue, 
including for the SPS measures , under Agenda Item 9 . While we are getting closer to MC12, we 
strongly support that Members should continue to work in a renewed spirit. On this draft declaration, 
Bangladesh looks forward to engage constructively with the co -sponsors and other Members.  
13.33.   The representative of  the United States  delivered the following statement:  
13.34.   We would like to express our appreciation to Mexico for this update on the SPS Declaration 
on behalf of the 92 co -sponsors. As one of the co -sponsors of the SPS Declaration, we were very 
pleased by the engagement on this initiative . We have taken note of the comments raised and 
appreciate the willingness and interest of a diverse range of Members to collaborate on this important 
initiative, and we will follow up a ccordingly. We remain committed to finalizing a multilateral outcome 
to ensure that the SPS Committee is not further delayed in starting the important and timely 
technical discussions that are proposed in the work program me. 
13.35.   The representative of the Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , on behalf of the OECS , provided 
the following statement:  
13.36.   We associate with the statements by  CARICOM and the ACP. As part of the ACP Group, we 
are also co -sponsors of this Draft Ministerial Declaration.  This draft declaration b enefits from the 
support of a wide cross -section of the WTO 's membership – develop ing, LDC and developed 
Members . This is a sign of its importance and in recent times, it is one of the few issues which has 
garnered such a significant endorsement by the Mem bership.  The OECS renews its support for this 
declaration and invites those Members which are yet to co -sponsor to join the emerging consensus.  
13.37.   The Chair said that Members had  heard from the co -sponsors that discussions on this 
proposal were continuing . He thank ed all delegations for the constructive discussion that day. 
13.38.   The General Council took note  of the statements.  
14  INTEL LECTUAL PROPERTY, TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY AND CAPACITY BUILDING FOR 
COVID -19 AND BEYOND  - STATEMENT BY BRAZIL  (WT/GC/W/845)  
14.1.  The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
14.2.  One of the lessons learned from the COVID -19 pandemic is that inequity in  access  to health  
products  is a threat  to all. Dealing  with imbalances  will be tantamount to guaranteeing that the world 
will be better prepared to face other health crises.  The WTO discussions  on trade and health  must 
be broadened  to consider not  only abstract  future  health  threats,  but also present  endemic  and 
poverty -related diseases in the developing world. We should not neglect the fact  that solutions  
designed  to respond  to COVID -19 could  be leveraged  to tackle other health emergencies.  In this 
sense, the use of TRIPS flexibilities, volunt ary licensing arrangements and other solutions involving 
IPRs should come hand in hand with a political commitment to uphold initiatives to transfer 
technology and know -how to developing and LDC Members . A balanced and comprehensive result 
on trade and hea lth at the WTO must incorporate that perspective. Brazil is ready to work with 
Members on constructive solutions for that end.  
14.3.  The representative of  Türkiye  delivered the following statement:  
14.4.  We thank Brazil for its communication which emphasizes the need for transfer of technology 
and know -how to create capacities  of developing and LDC Members . The document also presents an 
approach not only for the COVID -19 and future pandemics, but also for other health crises, such as 
endemic challenges and other diseases.  We completely agree that transfer of technology and know -
how to the developing world is strongly needed for our fight against pandemics and potential similar 
developments which can lead to severe health crises across the globe.  A political commit ment in this 
regard could be instrumental in our preparedness efforts and also address current health 
emergencies that disproportionately affect people across the globe . While we support this general 
approach presented in the document, we believe that pote ntial future discussions or negotiations on 
this text should not be directly linked to the ongoing process at  the TRIPS Council.  We are ready to 
participate constructively to possible discussions and negotiations under relevant bodies.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  14.5.  The representative o f China  delivered the following statement:  
14.6.  China thanks Brazil for its communication. We share the observation that there is a growing 
technological gap between developed and developing Members. The imbalance and inequity of 
COVID -19 vaccines distribution is a clear example in this regard.  We believe the WTO, by facilitating 
technology transfer and providing capacity building, has a critical role to play in addressing the 
current challenges. China supports the WTO 's work on trade and health, and proposes to  make 
better use of the platforms like  the WGTTT and the TRIPS Council to promote technology transfer 
and dissemination to developing Members.  
14.7.  The representative of  the United States  delivered the following statement:  
14.8.  The United States thanks Brazil for it s contribution to a more inclusive, forward -looking 
agenda for work here in some Committees and Working Groups that have not lived up to their full 
potential. We appreciate the broad objective of the paper to drive Members towards meaningful 
discussions fo r preparedness and resiliency for long -term, sustainable economic growth and trade. 
We believe that trade rules have been designed to promote an environment that can foster voluntary 
technology transfer on mutually agreed terms. The United States has long recognized that voluntary 
technology transfer on mutually agreed terms is critical for scaling up the global response to COVID -
19 and other health emergencies. One of the lessons learned from our experience in dealing with 
the COVID -19 pandemic has been th at there are no quick fixes and there is no one single policy 
response that can make up for lost time when a crisis strikes. We welcome a more holistic 
conversation on the factors that enable voluntary technology transfer on mutually agreed terms 
across va rious sectors.  
14.9.  The representative of Thailand  delivered the following statement:  
14.10.   Thailand support s the paper and the idea that has been just presented by Brazil. Just like 
other developing Members , Thailand sees the importance of transfer of technology as  one of the 
emerging issues that will be very critical now and in the future  particularly in the aftermath of COVID -
19. We have seen that even with a waiver, even with other know -how, even with some kind of 
human development, technology transfer is one of the missing factors that could enable developing 
Members  to gear up our capability in developing our response to future pandemics. We support the 
idea that Brazil has put forward that this issue be discussed in the context of the WTO Response to 
the Pandemic. Because of the interest of time that we have only five weeks leading up to MC 12, we 
will be happy to kickstart discuss ions on  the transfer of technology issue. This is a very important 
systemic issue . Since the D irector -General  is here, I als o would like to raise awareness  that transfer 
of technology has been considered as very important for many Members.  We already have a Working 
Party on Transfer of Technology of which the Ambassador of Viet Nam was the Chair last year . 
Despite her efforts t o effectively steer the work of the Working Party, there has not been much 
progress on those discussions. We therefore  need to re-energize and to bring issues forward for 
consideration in the WGTTT in a proactive matter . Given the limited time we have unti l MC12,  maybe 
we can talk about it in the context of the pandemic . We understand that the issue goes beyond this 
context so I would likewise express our keen interest to work on this issue  post MC12.  
14.11.   The representative of Japan  delivered the following stat ement:  
14.12.   Japan thanks Brazil for the submission of this paper. Japan agrees that innovation is 
disseminated and facilitated through technology transfer based on voluntary licensing  practice . Such 
voluntary licensing practice around the world also made it pos sible for rapid produc tion and 
disseminat ion of  COVID -19 vaccines.  We also share the recognition of the importance of technology 
transfer and dissemination to developing Members , as provided for  in the TRIPS Agreement and its 
Annex, which entered into force in 2017. Japan is ready to participate constructively in discussions 
on this matter if any concrete proposals are put forward in the future.  
14.13.   The representative of Colombia  delivered the follow ing statement:  
14.14.   Colombia is grateful to Brazil for the proposal and supports it. We have had a great deal over 
the last three years with regard to the Health and Trade workstream. The COVID -19 pandemic has 
shown that when there is global interest the respon se to supply and demand of vaccines albeit 
homogeneous can be  scaled up rapidly. The same does not always happen with issues that are not  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  of much trade interest for major producers but which have major effect on public health for 
developing Members . We are  seeing an ever denser and more interconnected world and health issue s 
we can spread  rapidly and become global  – in addition to  the fiscal pressure that is on the rise in 
terms of public health expenditure . Because of these challenges , developing Members have put 
forward proposals  such as the one we are discussing now . There is a need to foster responses that 
are more consistent and fairer when it comes to global health issues. The technology transfer tool 
under the TRIPS Agreement offers possibilities for different medical solutions and their production. 
We support this and we agree with Brazil that this is relevant for the WTO's work on t rade and 
health. We stand ready to contribute to these efforts.  
14.15.   The representative of  Ukraine  delivered the following st atement:  
14.16.   Ukraine expresses its gratitude to Brazil for bringing  Members ' attention to  the issue of 
technology transfer and sharing know -how. Ukraine has manufacturing capacity in the 
pharmaceutical sector which can be used for expanding COVID -19 production  and for building 
capacities to tackle other health crises.  Transfer of technology and know -how, and promotion of 
public health innovations are the refore  matters of great importance for Ukraine. Moreover, it is 
necessary for economic recovery. We are thankful to all partners and international organizations 
including the Medicines Patent Pool, the WHO, the WIPO and the WTO , for launching initiatives aimed 
at technology transfer to combat  the COVID -19 pandemic . We also believe that such experience can 
be used to build capacities for other health emergencies.  
14.17.   The representative of Argentina  delivered the following statement:  
14.18.   Argentina welcomes and wishes to ex press its support for the proposal submitted by Brazil.  
14.19.   The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
14.20.   We thank Brazil for its communication,  and support many of its ideas. It is for this reason  
that the 278 co-sponsors have consiste ntly stated that the WTO Response to the Pandemic that 
promotes preparedness and resilience cannot be complete  without addressing the issue of 
technology transfer. We agree with Brazil that waiving obligations of the TRIPS Agreement in the 
context of pande mics and other health crisis is a necessary response . At the same time, w e must 
prioritize negotiations of a TRIPS trigger mechanism to prepare for future pandemics which will 
obviate the need for special arrangements and waivers during health cris es. Glob al solidarity 
necessitates enhancing collaboration and knowledge and technology sharing to deliver targeted 
solutions through a coordinated effort to support Members  in targeted ways to build resilience both 
for the current and future pandemics. The soluti on must address the evolution of the pandemic to 
cover the endemic phase of the pandemic and must also ensure preparedness. In particular, we 
believe that the submission is timely because it reminds us that the transfer and dissemination of 
technology is a  core objective of the multilateral trading system as inscribed in the TRIPS Agreement. 
Our delegation stands ready to work with Brazil to actualize this important objective.   
14.21.   The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
14.22.   It is clear that there has been a lot of thought behind Brazil's proposal . It is a clear attempt 
to take a holistic approach to Trade and Health which the U nited Kingdom  welcomes. We look forward 
to discussing the intentions and specifics contained in this proposal in further detail.  
14.23.   The representative of India delivered the following  statement:  
14.24.   The paper presents many causes and plausible arguments especially in the context of the 
pandemic. It is hard to overlook the fact that the vulnerabilities of developing including LDC  Members  
vis-a-vis access to technology and technical know -how has limited the capacity of the world to 
combat the pandemic with the pace that we could have. Unfortunately, this proposal is coming two 
years late but still it  is a worthy proposal for consideration of the larger Membership. The paper also 
highlights th e need to utilize the gamut of policy options available to Members in circumstances like 
the current pandemic, including , among others , waiving obligations of the TRIPS Agreement to f ight 
not only the current pandemic, but also other health cris es and futu re pandemics. This is why the  
co-sponsors of the waiver proposal have demanded  for the  IP element and technology transfer to 
be an integral part of a comprehensive WTO response outcome. We remain committed to continue  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  efforts to achieve a meaningful outcom e on this issue. We thank Brazil for bringing attention to the 
important issue of technology transfer which is of considerable interest to the developing world. It 
is high time that th e WTO pays serious attention to the trade and technology transfer issues  which 
cuts across multiple domains to support pragmatic solutions to the technological challenges facing 
the developing world today. India looks forward to working with the wider Membership to contribute 
to this endeavo ur. 
14.25.   The representative of Guatemala  delivered the following statement:  
14.26.   Guatemala considers the content of the document submitted by Brazil to be of significant 
interest as it highlights the importance of technology transfer as a tool to incentivize research and 
development particularly in th e area of health.  We agree that technology transfer is one of the key 
objectives of the multilateral system. This fact encourages us to review our domestic strategies and 
consider the possibility of establishing mechanisms that promote technology transfer . We therefore 
agree with Brazil on the need to incentivize the work of the Working Group on Trade and Transfer 
of Technology in order to develop possible recommendations to enable technology transfer to be 
used as a key tool for developing Members . 
14.27.   The rep resentative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
14.28.   We would like to thank Brazil for the submission which  we are considering with due diligence 
with our capital officials may be with a view to expand its coverage. The Working Group on Trade 
and Transfer of Technology should be revitalized and better enabled in order to deliver real outcomes 
on this front. Our objective is to assist and better enable developing country Members to get the 
latest technologies in due cou rse and in a manner consistent with WTO rules so they could address 
their industrial needs when faced with future cris es and emergencies. Transfer of technology should 
be considered from a pure developmental perspective since it is of paramount importance for us to 
switch to more advanced and sustainable industrial policies that will bring about economic resilience. 
In this regard, p riority should be given but not limited to health -related industries.  
14.29.   The representative of  the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  delivered the following statement:  
14.30.   We would like to thank Brazil for its proposal . This is a very important aspect for many 
developing and LDC Members . More discussions on this proposal will help us find solutions that serve 
the interest of developing and LDC M embers . 
14.31.   The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
14.32.   My delegation would like to commend Brazil for this proposal on technology transfer which 
is a key tool for development and trade in general and is v ery welcome given the current pandemic  
context and that is why my delegation as well as all delegations of my continent are willing to 
consider this proposal with interest.   
14.33.   The representative of Mauritius  delivered the following statement:  
14.34.   Let me start by  thanking the delegation of Brazil for the communication on IP, transfer of 
technology and capacity building.  While IP and technology transfer are cross -cutting in nature, the 
COVID -19 pandemic and the ensuing discussions related to the TRIPS Waiver has de monstrated that 
addressing certain issues as and when they crop up can entail tremendous costs not only in economic 
terms but human tragedies as well.  Moreover, such effects have been felt unevenly among Members  
with developing  ones especially LDCs  being d isproportionately affected.  We acknowledge that there 
are numerous  provisions in the WTO agreements that call for transfer of technology.  However, the 
process has often been full of challenges and obstacles, including lack of technological capacity and 
inadequate investment.  In this regard, the ongoing work at the level of the Working Group on Trade 
and Transfer Technology may need to be further reinvigorated.  COVID -19 is neither the first nor the 
last pandemic or crisis situation that humanity is facing . We therefore owe it to the Membership and 
our people to be prepared to face such situations in the future.  In this regard, we may take the cue 
from the current discussions at the WHO on pandemic preparedness and response.  We look forward 
to working furth er on this issue once a specific proposal is submitted by Brazil.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  14.35.   The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
14.36.   I thank all colleagues who have intervened under this item. I very much appreciate your 
support.  This proposal is not brought to the floor to create distances or divergences among us . It is 
something that  should enlighten us. One day, this pandemic disease will be gone . One day , we will 
look back and say , "we overcome COVID" . But as this day arises, endemic diseases will still be  killing 
people. Those are the invisible diseases  – the silent but deadly ones. Malaria kills 12% of those 
infected . Dengue is becoming a problem all over the world  as well as  tuberculosis  and HIV/AIDS . 
Those are too often associated to poverty . There is a  reason why they are called neglected . The idea 
behind the proposal was to lift this veil and to bring this to the debate.  It high time for these diseases 
not to be neglected anymore.  Let us talk about th em. Instead of preparing for eventualities , let us 
fight today's fight . Let us be ready for today. We should be able to have something to say about this 
on MC12 and we should be able to keep working on this after MC12.  
14.37.   The representative of Viet Nam  delivere d the following statement:  
14.38.   I would like to thank Brazil for the proposal which touch es upon the issue of trade and 
transfer of technology  – a topic under discussion in the Working Group on Trade and Transfer of 
Technology which I chaired for the last year.  The Working Group has been discussing a proposal 
entitled "Facilitating Access to Information on Appropriate Technology Sourcing – A Step to Increase 
Flows of Technology to Developing Countries" made by India, Pakistan and the Philippines more than 
a deca de ago. The consultations so far highlighted a deficit of leadership on the proponents' side to 
generate discussions as well as a divide between  Members who see technology transfer as driven by 
domestic  requirements a nd those who see technology transfer as  the product of an enabling 
environment. So, we share the view that it is a cross -cutting issue and I really appreciate the interest 
to reinvigorate discussion s by Members in the Working Group. Just to let you know that the WGTTT  
will be meeting on 12 May . Viet Nam is ready to engage with other Members to discussion in the 
Working Group this important issue for developi ng and LDC Members . 
14.39.   The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
14.40.   I just wanted to say that this is an important topic . I commend Brazil for bringing it up. I 
hope that the reinvigorated Working Group on Trade and Technology Transfer will be able to take 
this up. I think you can do both  – deal with the present but also work towards the future. So, I want 
to see us do both. We are talking about health  and transfer of technolog y. At the same time,  we 
should also be mindful that when we are talking about climate change , there is also a whole s et of 
technologies in that regard that would be beneficial to be transferred to developing and LDC 
Members . So, I think it is a really important topic . Health is one thing but there are other aspects 
that we should bear in mind. I likewise hope our tripart ite cooperation with WIPO that also deals 
with technology transfer and capacity building will have a bearing  on this.  
14.41.   The General Council took note  of the statements.  
15  LDC VIEWS ON WTO REFORM DISCUSSIONS AND PROPOSALS – COMMUNICATION 
FROM CHAD ON BEHALF O F THE LDC GROUP ( JOB/GC/223/REV.1 ) 
15.1.  The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
15.2.  The LDC  Group has prepared and delivered a submission which we put forward in December 
2019 under the symbol JOB/GC/223 with a view to participating in discussions on WTO Reform. In 
the submission, we put forward our views on the proposals on notifications and in stitutional reform 
as well as addressing the impasse on  the reappointment of Appellate Body Members and the reform 
of this body. This document was submitted two years ago and a great deal has changed and 
challenged us in the WTO. We have  therefore  circulat ed a revised submission on WTO Reform in 
order to provide constructive recommendations and to outline the fundamental principles to guide 
our discussions. With the aim of preserving transparency and inclusivity , we have highlighted the 
need to conduct such  discussions under the auspices of the General Council led by its Chair . We 
have supported this approach in the discussions on the outcome document process last year . WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  15.3.  The representative of Cambodia , LDC Focal Point on WTO Reform , delivered the following 
statement:  
15.4.  I am delighted to introduce the LDC Group 's revised submission contai ning our preliminary 
views on WTO Reform.  As stated by our Coordinator, our submission JOB/GC/223 was first submitted 
in December 2019. Since 2019, we have faced the COVID -19 pandemic, the postponement of MC12 
twice over. There have also been new developments since then. In this revision, JOB/GC/223 /Rev.1, 
we further updated the submission with the inputs from the October 2021 LDC Ministers Declaration 
for MC12 and int roducing new reflections by taking into account new developments and the changing 
dynamic at the WTO in the last two years. Our intention with this revision is to restate principles we 
found pertinent during discussions in the preparation of the GC Chair 's outcome document and 
communications received from other Members.  We also took into account some possible solutions 
for LDCs based on our own experiences.  In the submission, the LDC Group extends our support to 
the idea of the ACP Group last year that call s for discussions on WTO Reform to be held in dedicated 
sessions of the General Council.  Our Coordinator has already made this point clear.  We believe that 
all proposals submitted in different WTO bodies and from different perspectives should have fair and  
equivalent attention.  We have updated the principles for discussion of WTO Reform that were 
elaborated in our 2019 submission. Allow me to briefly present our submission section -by-section .  
15.5.  On Appellate Body/Dispute Settlement reform , we reiterate our concerns for the stalemate in 
the appointment of Appellate Body members.  While LDCs are not typically participants in dispute 
settlement, some LDCs have been third parties in cases that have impacted them. In addition, LDCs 
are invested in al l of the pillars of the multilateral trading system including the dispute settlement 
mechanism.  As such, we support a two -tier system for dispute settlement.   
15.6.  On Notification and Transparency , the LDC Group would like to recall that LDCs have particular 
and differing capacity constraints that would challenge our capability to take on new obligations. We 
believe that effective transparency and notification requirements are part of the backbone of the 
WTO but there should not be any additional obligations imp osed on the LDC due to difficulties that 
we are currently facing. In addition, the LDC Group does not support the imposition of punitive 
measures but instead, should introduce consultative and facilitative approaches.  We take this 
opportunity to welcome th e WTO Secretariat in developing a one -stop online notification portal for 
all WTO Members. This initiative could be an effective tool to support the LDCs in implementing their 
notification obligations. We have met with the Secretariat to provide our feedba ck and suggestions 
which we hope will be useful. Moreover, we call for the relevant WTO bodies to introduce electronic 
notification systems that can be integrated into the WTO notification portal.  
15.7.  On Meetings , we note the effectiveness of using Zoom and In terprefy to hold meetings during 
lockdowns from mid -2020.  This innovative, hybrid mode has become the new normal at the WTO.  
This mechanism has provided our capital -based officials with options to take part in the meetings. 
Nonetheless, we would like to ma intain our proposal that we should take care of avoiding overlapping 
meetings, in particular council and negotiating body meetings, whether it is in -person meetings or 
virtual.  We have added our appreciation of the improved Secretariat online summary repor ts on 
meetings held. We reiterate our need for same -day summary notes to be issued so that delegation 
from LDCs can keep abreast of the issues being considered in the WTO. This is something that our  
Members have requested in the past and represent progress ive thinking by the LDC Group . We have 
also emphasized access to all documents generated by Chairs in the official languages of the WTO, 
especially negotiations and consultations . We hope that our contribution will be part of the 
discussions after MC12 and  we look forward to consultations with Members.  
15.8.  The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
15.9.  Bangladesh associates with the statements by the LDC Group and the LDC Focal Point on WTO 
Reform . This communication is a revision consolidating the LDC submission in 2019 of JOB/GC/223 
and JOB/GC/223/Corr.1 and adds updated observations due to new developments and the pandemic 
that hit the world in 2020 and thereafter. The LDC Ministers, ahead of th e earlier decided date of 
the MC12 last year, also provided their collective vision on the WTO reform among many other 
important issues. My delegation expects a positive outcome in this regard.  The WTO reform is a 
comprehensive task which should be open , inclusive  and transparent . The LDC Group prefers that 
all discussions should take place under the auspices of the General Council in its dedicated sessions 
led by the General Council Chair. The communication has provided several important principles and 
discussion themes that our group considers would add value and contribute to the WTO Reform WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  discussions. Along with the LDC Group, Bangladesh stands ready to engage with Members on this 
important conversation . 
15.10.   The representative of Nepal  delivered the followi ng statement:  
15.11.   The trade dynamic is ever changing and requires needful adjustment in our mindset , laws 
and practice in order for us to fully realize the rules -based transparent, predictable, inclusive and 
fair multilateral trading system. My delegation wish es to have the full functioning of the WTO in all 
its pillars . In this regard, resolving dispute settlement related issues a s soon as  possible and bringing 
its mechanism back on track remains critical . Huge g aps remain  among Members in both WTO laws 
and pr actices . These  limit our capacity to participate in and benefit from the global trading system 
in a fair manner. For instance, the Agreement  on Agriculture and the WTO laws and practices have 
positioned Members at different levels in terms of their rights and obligations. Hence, levelling the 
playing field in the legal architecture  and practices as well as the  in the WTO's functioning is 
absolutely essential. We see a paradigm shift in global business especially in the trade and industrial 
sector. For instance, the digital economy, including e -commerce, is dominating the global economy 
by major economic players . However, LDCs and LLDCs and lower middle -income cou ntries have not 
been able to harness the ir potential due to huge digital gaps. In this context, adjusting emerging 
issues and opportunities in the WTO 's functioning and bridging the digital divide across the world 
and enabling those disadvantage d Members w ould also be important areas to be included in WTO 
Reform. The LDCs are fully committed to engaging with the WTO Reform process. However, we are 
not in a position to bear any additional obligation as a result of th e reform. We expect the reform to 
be more inclusive and just to help us in better participating in the global trading system. Against 
this background, my delegation urges all Members to take into account the submission made by the 
LDC Group while reforming the WTO system.  
15.12.   The representative of Jamaica , on behalf of the ACP Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
15.13.   The ACP Group welcomes the efforts made by the LDC Group to contribute constructively to 
the discussion on WTO Reform. The ACP Group notes that the proposal entails concerns of developin g 
and developed Members  while acknowledging some sensitive issues that are more specific to the 
LDC Group. It provides an additional perspective to WTO reform particularly in view of the recent 
and ongoing crises as well as more structural recommendations on how to strengthen the 
participation of Members at the WTO, particularly those with small missions.  The ACP Group takes 
the opportunity to commend Members of the LDC Group and encourages other Members to give 
favourable consideration to the text.  The ACP  Group is working on a submission on WTO Reform 
which we believe will complement the idea presented today by the LDC Group.  The ACP Group also 
looks forward to opportunities to exchange ideas with the LDC Group and the wider Membership to 
achieve a compreh ensive, inclusive and development -oriented package on WTO Reform.  
15.14.   The representative of  the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
15.15.   The European Union appreciates the LDC Group's engagement in exploring how to reform 
the WTO and would like to thank them for their revised communication. We agree that Members 
should pursue their efforts in finding multilateral solutions.  We call on all Members to engage 
constructively to reform the WTO on the matters related to the three areas of the negotiating 
function, dispute settlement and the monitoring function of regular bodies.  The challenge of capacity 
constraints and the necessity to mitigate them through technical assistance are vital to LDCs. In its 
own deliberations about WTO reform, the European Union is fully cogni zant of how capacity 
constraints limit certain Members, in particular LDCs, from fully benefitting from WTO rules. 
Technical assistance is not a panacea but it can indeed mit igate capacity constraints and help LDCs 
meet their WTO obligations as well as benefit from opportunities.  With regard to WTO dispute 
settlement, the European Union agrees that a fully functioning dispute settlement system, that 
supports a rules -based trad e, benefits all Members, in particular LDCs. We will spare no effort to 
find a multilateral solution to the impasse over the Appellate Body appointments. As some of the 
issues raised in the LDC statement are also subject of individual agenda items of this meeting, I will 
not go into detail on those. We look forward to constructive engagement with the LDCs on these as 
well as other MC12 issues.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  15.16.   The representative of Chile delivered the following statement:  
15.17.   The reform of the WTO is of high priority to Chile.  One of the outcomes of MC12 should be 
a clear mandate to start work on this matter.  We welcome the submission by the LDC Group. The 
submission of proposals and ideas that will allow us to focus discussions on specific areas will be key 
to this work.  My de legation agrees that resolving the situation affecting the Appellate Body, starting 
with the pending appointment of its members, is a matter of urgency and that a two -tiered structure 
must be maintained. We also agree on the importance and promotion of tra nsparency for LDCs, both 
in the regular work of the WTO and in negotiations, as well as notifications, which is why Chile is 
co-sponsoring the document discussed under Agenda I tem 9 . We take note of the importance for 
this Group of avoiding new obligations  and burdens that would affect them; their interest in ensuring 
that the negotiations and decisions are as transparent as possible, inclusive and consensus -based; 
and that Members consider flexibilities for LDCs in the areas under negotiation.  As to the pr oposal 
to clarify the definition and scope of the concept of "trade concerns", we are carefully assessing it. 
Moving in the direction proposed in the document could result in the exclusion of specific trade 
concerns that may arise in the future from new tr ade dynamics between Members.  We thank the 
LDCs for this interesting document, which we hope to discuss soon, at which time Chile will contribute 
constructively . 
15.18.   The representative of China  delivered the following statement:  
15.19.   China welcomes the revised prop osal from the LDC Group and appreciates their insightful 
thoughts on WTO reform at this crucial juncture.  We share the view that WTO reform process should 
be open, inclusive and transparent. Every voice, particularly  the LDCs', should be heard. We also 
hope that the LDC's longstanding concerns on their capacity to engage in the multilateral trading 
system and to benefit from global supply chain could be well addressed in the WTO reform process. 
In the meantime, I would also like to appreciate the LDC's call for restoring the two -tiered dispute 
settlement system and urge on the nomination of AB members at the earliest possible time.  China 
is ready to work together with other Members, including LDCs on WTO reform and always commits 
to giving our continuous sup port to LDCs.  
15.20.   The representative of New Zealand  delivered the following statement:  
15.21.   New Zealand thanks the LDC  Group for its revised contribution on WTO Reform which reflects 
our shared commitment to reform across the WTO's three pillars in order to ensure that the 
organization remains fit for purpose and able to respond to contemporary challenges. There is much 
to agree within the paper, not least on the urgent need to restore a fully functioning dispute 
settlement system and for all Members to improve their implementation of existing notification and 
transparency obligations and for developed Members to lead by e xample in this respect. New 
Zealand appreciates and understands the legitimate capacity constraints of LDC s. These will need to 
be a key part of future reform discussions and we look forward to the active engagement on these 
issues both before and after MC 12.  
15.22.   The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
15.23.   We thank the LDC Group  for their submission on WTO Reform and concur with most of its 
contents, which mirrors the issues, concerns and recommendations made by India in its developing 
Membe r reform proposal  in WT/778/Rev.4 jointly submitted with the Africa n Group and Cuba. We 
had detailed discussions on our reform paper during the previous General Council meeting in 
February this year . I do not wish to repeat all the points which have also b een highlighted in the 
LDCs' reform paper as well. However, I wish to highlight two major issues pertaining to WTO Reform 
which is there as part of LDC proposals  in the run up to MC12.  Last November, when there was an 
intense discussion on the issue of WTO  Reform and the related paragraph in outcome document, we 
had emphasized the need to define certain principles and parameters that should guide the reform 
process. In this regard, I would like to draw Members ' attention to the draft ministerial decision on  
WTO reform submitted by India in November last year in document JOB/GC/287 which has defined 
both the principles and the process for WTO reform. We are pleased to note that the LDC reform 
paper has also underscored the elements contained in India's draft ministerial decision.  First, it is 
regarding the fundamental principles of the multilateral trading system, as also highlighted in the 
LDC reform paper. The core values and basic principles of the multilateral trading system must be 
preserved and reforms s hould not be used as a pretext to erode these core principles  especially the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  principle of decision -making by consensus. We also need to ensure that the reforms do not change 
the multilateral character of the WTO . Second , regarding the WTO reform process, i t is of utmost 
importance to ensure that the process adopted for conducting WTO reforms should be open, 
transparent and inclusive. In our draft ministerial decision on WTO reform. We have proposed that  
WTO reform need to be carried out by the General Counc il through its dedicated sessions. We 
welcome the endorsement and support of the LDC Group for this proposal. We look forward to 
constructive discussions on the WTO reform proposal with a view to finding a common ground with 
other Members in the run up to MC12.  
15.24.   The representative of Canada  delivered the following statement:  
15.25.   I am tempted to say that my intervention will be very long. I am saying that because a lot 
of the times when people say "I will be brief" they do the opposite, but this time I promise I will be 
brief. Canada looks forward to engaging with the LDC Group on its communication as these issues 
arise and on ways we can collaborate to address the challenges facing the multilateral trading 
system. We also look forward to working with the Ottawa G roup to ensure productive interactions 
with the LDC Group.  
15.26.   The representative of Norway  delivered the following statement:  
15.27.   Norway would like to welcome the engagement and contribution of the LDC Group to our 
deliberations on reform of the WTO and the future of the rules -based trading system.  Rest assured 
that we will study the communication carefully, and we are looking forwar d to engaging with the 
LDC Group and other Members on these issues. It is our hope and expectation that MC12 will provide 
a launch pad for a constructive discussion of WTO reform, with the objective to prepare for 
appropriate decisions to be made at MC13.  
15.28.   The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
15.29.   I am not sure I will win the competition for the shortest statement, but I will try to be brief. 
Thank you, Chad, and the LDC Group for this important contribution to the WTO Reform debate. We 
note the practical and constructive ideas included in the commu nication. Particularly, the U nited 
Kingdom  recognizes the challenges faced by LDCs that really need to be considered in the discussions 
on the potential WTO Reform. So, we look forward to further discussions with the LDC Group on this 
agenda and the UK rem ains committed to reforming the WTO in a way that works for all Members.  
15.30.   The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
15.31.   We want  to thank  the LDC Group  for their timely and constructive  contribution to the 
discussions on the WTO reform.  Brazil has consistently  engaged  in the reform  efforts,  aiming  at 
revitalizing and strengthening the multilateral trading system. We would especially like  to highlight  
the importance  of ensuring  Special  and Differential  Treatment to all LDCs, in order to provide them 
the needed flexibility to fully integrate  and benefit  from the multilateral  trading  system.  We also 
concur with  the LDC Group  on the need to restore  a well-functioning  dispute  settlement mechanism.  
We reiterate our willingness to work together with the LDC Group to advance on the issue of the 
reform and urge all Members to constructively engage in the discussions, so we can achieve a 
balanced and meaningful outcome.  
15.32.   The representative of Indonesia  delivered the following statement:  
15.33.   We thank Chad and Cambodia for the LDC views on WTO reform proposals and their 
presentation today.  On the issue of WTO reform, Indonesia is supportive to one of the main 
objectives of the reform, namely, to resolve the cris is surrounding the Appellate Body.  The effort to 
maintain the well -functioning two -tier dispute settlement system of the WTO should be considered 
as the utmost and common priority for all Members in order to preserve the relevance of the 
multilateral tradi ng system.  Furthermore, without a well -functioning dispute settlement system, the 
WTO will be no different than other international organizations that rely solely on the political 
commitment of their M embers.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  15.34.   The representative of South Africa  delivered th e following statement:  
15.35.   We thank the LDC Group for its submission and, as said by the other co -sponsors of 
WT/GC/W/778/Rev.4 , we see a lot of alignment of ideas with the ideas that have been put forward 
in that paper, including the need to preserve S&D T and  restore a functioning dispute settlement 
system. The only thing I will reiterate is our view that we need to ensure that reform promotes 
development and inclusivity in line with the ideas that are entailed in the submission.  
15.36.   The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
15.37.   We thank the LDC Group for its submission of this revised text, and for Cambodia for its 
presentation.  Japan is ready to engage in discussion with LDC and other Members of this important 
agenda of WTO reform in order to make this institution better serve the expectation of the business 
and its other constituencies.  
15.38.   The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
15.39.   We thank Chad, Cambodia and other LDC Members for their proposal. In all the meetings 
regardin g where this issue is raised , we have been supportive to M embers ' call to discuss  WTO 
Reform. The position of Members regarding the need for reform, particularly on dispute settlement 
issues , is very important. We therefore concur with most of the proposal s in the LDC submission  and 
remain ready and committed to fully engage in the discussions on WTO R eform. We only request  
that once these discussions  start, we must ensure that they are  open, inclusive and transparent.  
15.40.   The representative of  the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
15.41.   I would like to thank the LDC Group for their proposal and interest in WTO Reform which is 
vitally needed to preserve the relevance of the WTO and ensure the effective participation of all 
Members in its work.  We al so agree that the WTO needs reform in all three pillars of its main 
functions, including the two -tier dispute settlement system and that the discussions on the subject 
should be conducted in an open, inclusive and transparent manner.  I hope that discussion s among 
Members will naturally lead to formal work on reform and  look forward to interacting with the LDC 
Group and others in the forthcoming discussions on this important subject.  
15.42.   The representative of Thailand  delivered the following statement:  
15.43.   I think I can compete on the shortness of intervention . I would like to thank the LDC Group 
for the communication . We support the statement that has just been made by Nigeria as well as 
Korea before me. We support the th rust and look forward to further engagement with the LDCs as 
well as other  Members  in the lead up to MC12 and thereafter on this important matter.   
15.44.   The representative of Singapore  delivered the following statement:  
15.45.   Singapore welcomes the LDCs' contribution  to this important conversation in WTO Reform. 
WTO Reform is important for all Members and the LDCs ' proposal has much to offer especially the 
focus on restoring the Appellate Body and improving the efficiency and efficacy of the WTO.  We look 
forward to en gaging the LDCs and all other Members to advance WTO Reform.  
15.46.   The representative of  the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  delivered the following statement:  
15.47.   We thank the LDCs for their proposal . It goes in the right direction that any discussion on 
the needed reform  to the WTO must be inclusive, open and transparent and based on contributions 
from Members. Many elements of this proposal are welcomed and shared by many Members . Frank 
discussions on WTO Reform should take into account all proposals in this regard.  
15.48.   The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
15.49.   On behalf of  the LDC Group, I would like to thank all Members for supporting this 
communication. The LDC Group stands ready to pursue its commitment in a constructive ma nner 
with Members on  WTO Reform – a matter of great importance to all.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  15.50.   The General  Council took note  of the statement s. 
16  INTERNATIONAL TRADE CENTRE UNCTAD/WTO - REPORT OF THE JOINT ADVISORY 
GROUP ON ITS 55TH SESSION (ITC/AG(LV)/284)  
16.1.  The Chair recalled that , under this item, the Chair of the CTD report ed to the General Council 
on the CTD's  consideration of the report  of the Joint Advisory Group .  
16.2.  Ambassador Dwarka Canabady  (Mauritius) , Chair of the Committee on Trade and 
Development , provided th e following statement:  
16.3.  The ITC's Joint Advisory Group held its 55th Session on 2 November 2021. The report on that 
meeting is contained in document ITC/AG(LV)/284.  The report was presented to the CTD at its 117th 
Session on 25 March by the Chair of the Joi nt Advisory Group, Ambassador Paul Bekkers of the 
Netherlands. Ambassador Bekkers informed the CTD that the Joint Advisory Group had reviewed the 
ITC's Annual Report for 2020. Among the key results, he noted that  the ITC reached nearly 400,000 
active users  of trade intelligence tools . It helped over 18,000 MSMEs transact international business . 
The value of trade and investment deals generated through the ITC 's South -South projects in sub -
Saharan Africa alone reached 30 million dollars . And the ITC reached its goal of connecting 3 million 
women to international markets by the end of 2021.  The Annual Report also underlined that 2020 
was a year where the ITC "pivoted for purpose" – towards more sustainability, connectivity and 
inclusivity. The organization del ivered more than 80% of its country -specific interventions to its 
priority groups, including LDCs,  sub–Saharan Africa , LLDCs,  SIDS and conflict -affected states – with 
nearly half of these interventions in LDCs.  
16.4.  Several delegations applauded the ITC for the results achieved in 2020, and appreciated the 
organization's agility in responding to the challenges brought by COVID -19. Delegations found the 
rapid pivoting a clear indication of the ITC 's commitment to MSMEs in  the developing world , and 
appreciated the focus on sustainability, digitization and integrating women and young people into 
global value chains. Efforts to create synergies with other organizations were appreciated, and the 
ITC was particularly encouraged to report more on the close collaborat ion with UNCTAD and the 
WTO.  The ITC's draft Strategic Plan for the 2022 -2025 period was commended for its targeted 
approach towards LDCs and vulnerable groups. The Strategic Plan is based on an understanding of 
the drivers that shape the trade and develop ment landscape and focuses on five impact areas where 
the ITC can fully exploit its technical expertise. These include sustainable and inclusive value chains, 
inclusive trade, green trade, e -commerce, and regional integration and south -south trade. The ITC 's 
Annual Evaluation Synthesis Report for 2021 was also presented, which reviewed the Strategic Plan 
for the 2018 -2021 period. It was noted that the Strategic Plan provided a strong tool for the ITC 's 
role in enhancing trade and sustainable development wit hin the 2030 Agenda. It was also indicated 
that all recommendations of the synthesis review were accepted by senior management and were 
taken into account while preparing the draft Strategic Plan for 2022 -2025.  As is the practice, the 
CTD took note of the report of the 55th Session of the Joint Advisory Group, and agreed to forward 
it to the General Council for adoption.  
16.5.  The General Council adopted  the report of the Joint Advisory Group in document 
ITC/AG(LV)/284  and took note  of the CTD Chair's statement.  
16.6.  The representative of Guatemala , on behalf of the SVEs , delivered the following statement:  
16.7.  The SVE  Group would like to thank the Chair of the CTD for her report on the 55th Session of 
the ITC Joint Advisory Group. The SVE Group would like to commend the IT C for its achievements 
during 2020, particularly for its support to developing  Members ' MSMEs in the fight against the 
effects of the pandemic. We would also like to encourage the ITC to work further  with the SVEs 
giving them the necessary priority and ass isting them in their fully integration into the global trade.  
The SVEs would also like to thank the ITC for the preparation of its strategic plan 2022 -2025 and 
hopes that the views and comments from Members may help to enrich such a document to allow it 
to respond to beneficiaries ' specific needs. The SVE G roup encourages the ITC to continue working 
jointly with UNCTAD and the WTO to enhance its contribution in its beneficiar ies. WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  16.8.  The representative of Tajikistan  delivered the following statement:  
16.9.  The Republic of Tajikistan participated at the 55th Session of the JAG and commended the 
ITC's engagement. Tajikistan extends sincere gratitude to UNCTAD, the WTO and the International 
Trade Cent re for their continued support and fruitful cooperation. I would also like to express our 
appreciation to the Government s of Switzerland, the E uropean Union , the U nited States  and other 
development partners for mutually beneficial cooperation.  The Government of Tajikistan in its 
Strategic documents identified trade enha ncement, export promotion and diversification and trade 
simplification as priority areas of development. Tajikistan , with the contribution of the ITC , supported 
by Government of Switzerland and other development partners , accomplished certain achievements 
in the area of trade. ITC  has implemented a  number  of trade -related assistance projects in Tajikistan. 
The projects of the ITC in Tajikistan are designed to strengthen the sustainable expansion and 
diversification of SMEs exports from Tajikistan.  The Ready 4Trade Central Asia project financed by 
the European Union and implemented by the ITC in close collaboration with domestic  partners is 
taking business in Tajikistan to a whole new level. The project 's activities also aim to help minimize 
the negative impac ts of the COVID -19 pandemic on Tajikistan 's economy. In general, the outcome 
of ITC is encouraging.  The Republic of Tajikistan commends the ITC 's engagement and looks forward 
to continue its constructive cooperation to improve trade competitiveness, export  promotion and 
trade simplification.  
16.10.   The representative of the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
16.11.   I wish to thank the CTD Chair  for presenting the report on the 55th Session of the Joint 
Advisory Group.  Korea values the great Aid -for-Trade work the ITC has been doing under the 
leadership of Executive Director Pamela Coke -Hamilton in an effort to help developing and LDC 
Members  make their value chains more sustainable in the midst of adverse effects of the COVID -19 
pandemic.  As the donor co ordinator, Korea will work closely with other ITC funders and looks forward 
to deepening our partnership with the ITC to help integrate women, youth and underprivileged 
populations in developing and LDC Members  to global value chains in the context of the Strategic 
Plan 2022 -25.  
16.12.   The representative of Chile delivered the following statement:  
16.13.   My delegation thanks the Chair of the Committee on Trade and Development for her 
presentation.  We also welcome the report of the 55th Session of the Joint Advisory Group, which 
refers to activities in areas such as MSMEs , trade facilitation , trade and gender , women's economic 
empowerment , sustainability , e-commerce and digital economy with technical assistance for 
developing and in particular LDC Members. We would also like to highlight the collaboration between 
the ITC, UNCTAD and the WTO, which we hope will continue to expand in a context that requires 
more cooperation and greater multilateralism.  
16.14.   The representative of Ukraine  delivered the following statem ent: 
16.15.   We would like to thank Chair of CTD for presenting the report and the ITC for their efforts.  
I would like to draw Members intention to our statement made on the last session of the CTD. During 
the meeting , we have acknowledged the efforts undertaken b y the ITC in promoting economic 
development, sustainable trade and women economic empowerment as well as thanked the donors 
for their continued support.  Ukraine has been benefiting from a longstanding and successful 
cooperation with ITC with the help of do nors for many years. As of last year, three projects were 
being implemented by ITC in Ukraine with the funding provided by the E uropean Union  and Sweden.  
One of them, in place since 2016 titled "Linking Ukrainian SMEs in the Fruits and Vegetables Sector 
to Global and Domestic Markets and Value Chains " was implemented in the south of Ukraine mainly 
in the Kherson, Mykolaiv and Odessa regions. Members may know these cities very well by now as 
Kherson and Mykolaiv are being heavily bombarded and are under the threat of occupation by the 
Russian Federation.  Ukraine is looking forward to receiving assistance from ITC in other areas of key 
focus of ITC work. For example, as Ukrainian women have been exposed to various form s of violence 
and their rights have been b latantly violated by the Russian troops, atrocities of which have been 
witnessed by the world, we are looking for ways to support  them – and empowering them is one of 
the priority areas for future cooperation.  We thus hope for continued support of donors a nd our 
partners in this regard.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  16.16.   The representative of Cameroon , on behalf of the African Group , delivered the following 
statement:  
16.17.   I would like to thank the CTD Chair  for her extensive and exhaustive report and also for the 
information communicated with re gard to ITC work. I would like to express once again the 
constructive commitment of the African Group  to strengthen this partnership.  
16.18.   The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
16.19.   We would like to thank the Chair of the CTD for her report and we also want to appreciate 
and commend the efforts of the ITC especially to developing  Members  and in particular Nigeria. I n 
recent time s, we have so many collaborative efforts  by ITC  to support  Nigeria especially on 
SheTrades and to support  the supply chain proposal on the STDF . So, we would like to take this 
opportunity to encourage the ITC to continue with their good work . 
16.20.   The representative of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
16.21.   We wo uld like to thank the CTD Chair  for the report she has presented in the General Council 
and also to appreciate the work that ITC has been doing in Tanzania . A number of ITC projects have 
been implemented in  Tanzania  which we commen d. We would also like to express our deep 
appreciation to the donor s such as the  European Union  and others that have continued to support  
these projects. We also thank  the joint collaboration with institutions  including the WTO and 
UNCTAD.  We welcome the report and stand ready to continue to cooperate with ITC in other 
collaborations that are being undertaken under their initiative.   
16.22.   The representative of Chad, on behalf of the LDC Group , delivered the following statement:  
16.23.   The LDC Group thanks the CTD Chair for the report and the v ery relevant information 
provided with regard to the work undertaken by the ITC. It is our hope that this partnership with 
the ITC which is very beneficial can be continued. It provides support to LDCs. We call upon Members 
to increase their contributions to enable LDCs to implement their development project s by the ITC 
and in so doing bo ost international trade. We would like to thank donors and partners for their 
support in particular the European Union and others who have , on a continuous basis , supported  the 
ITC financially to enable development projects to be rolled out in LDCs . 
16.24.   The representative of  the Russian Federation  delivered  the following statement:  
16.25.   I would like to briefly note that some elements of the statement made by Ukraine evidently 
went out of the scope of the current agenda item of the General Council meeting and outside the 
scope of the WTO. It  is a pity that in this late hour we have to listen to another portion of groundless 
political accusation which we have heard enou gh of over the past two days.  
16.26.   The representative of  the Gambia  delivered the following statement:  
16.27.   I just wanted to add my delegation's voice on the ITC matter to appreciate the tremendous 
work that ITC is doing and to add to the mix of voices to request th e donors to strengthen their 
support because it is one organization that is changing the lives of our youth and our women. I 
would like to call on Members to  further support ITC in broaden ing its footprint into the pending 
issues of e -commerce and digital trade as an element that will be very important and vital to 
revitalize the huge participation in ITC activities.  
16.28.   The representative of  International Trade Centre , speaking as an Observer , delivered the 
following statement:  
16.29.   On behalf of the ITC Executive -Director , Ms. Pamela Coke -Hamilton , I would like to thank 
the WTO Director -General , Dr.  Ngozi Okonjo -Iweala , for the excellent collaboration the two 
organizations have. Both heads have met last week and confirm that our collaboration is moving in 
the right direction. It is reflective of ITC's full dedication to serve Members as the trade -related 
technical agency that works towards making trade an engine of sustainable development. We will 
continue to serve primarily and dedicate at least 80% of our country -specific assistance in LDCs, 
LLDCs , SIDS, SVEs and  countries in armed conflict or at risk of lapsing into conflict. As ITC, we will WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  contribute to the WTO's Twelfth  Ministerial Conference and also look forward to engage at the 
upcoming Aid for Trade Global Review. As we recently presented at the WTO CTD meeting on 4 May, 
as ITC , we launched our "moonshots " in the areas of gender, youth, digital connectivity and green  
trade. These initiatives will help us to scale and push for transformative impact of ITC's actions that 
are aligned with our recently  adopted strategic plan priorities for the 20 22-2025 period. On behalf 
of ITC senior management and staff, I thank WTO Mem bers and particularly Guatemala, Tajikistan, 
the Republic Korea, Chile, Ukraine, Cameroon, Nigeria, Tanzania, Chad, the Gambia, who 
appreciated and commented on the appreciation of our support and encouragement for continued 
action. We are on the third yea r of the COVID -19 pandemic compounded by global political, 
humanitarian  and economic challenges . Your words reaffirm that ITC's role is even more crucial than 
before as the whole world, particularly developing  and LDC Members and their MSMEs are working 
hard to overcome the socioeconomic consequences and to recover in a sustainable manner. We 
remain committed to serving Member s through both the WTO and the UN development system. As 
we scale our work for transformational impact in 2022 , I would like to take the occasion and thank 
all our development partners and funders for their continued trust, collaboration and financing.  
16.30.   The Director -General  delivered the following statement:  
16.31.   I want to thank the CTD Chair for the report and also to commend ITC for the wor k that they 
are doin g. As was mentioned , we met with a view to making sure we strengthen the ties between 
the two organizations and we work hand in hand on the same dossier so we can properly complement 
each other 's work . Having ITC on the ground doing spe cific things on the ground  is a plus . So, I also 
want to commend  Ms. Pamela Coke -Hamilton and her staff. It would be very good for ITC to scale 
up a bit more some of the activities that are impacting SMEs on the ground, but that depends of 
course as I said  on the resources from the donors. We are very grateful for this support that has 
been given and is being given so far. It really has an impact . I have seen several of the things they 
are doing on the ground and they are also cooperating parallel financing  with some of your agencies  
– making a lot of difference. I would like us to continue to support and enable them to scale much 
more and implement their moonshots. Thank you to ITC, their staff and donors.  
16.32.   The General Council took note  of the statement.  
17  WTO PENSION PLAN MANAGEMENT BOARD – ELECTION OF MEMBER AND ALTERNATE 
(WT/GC/W/844)  
17.1.  The Chair recalled that  Article 4 of the Regulations of the WTO Pension Plan in WT/L/282 
provide d for the establishment of a Management Board comprising, inter alia, four members and 
four alternates elected by the General Council, and four members and four alternates appointed by 
the Director -General. The current membership of the Board was due for re newal in July 2023.  As 
had been indicated in  his communication circulated to delegations in document WT/GC/W/844, 
further to two vacancies that had arisen in the Management Board, the Chair of the Board, Mr. Jean -
Marc Van Dril, had undert aken consultations  in February to identify one member and one alternate, 
to be elected by the General Council, for the remainder of the current three -year term and subject 
to renewal in 2023.  Accordingly, in his communication, and as a result of this process of 
consultation s, he had  proposed two representatives that had been identified for election as member 
and alternate. He had invited delegations to submit any comments regarding the proposed 
nominations by close -of-business on 28 April.  He inform ed delegations that no com ments ha d been 
received on th ose nominations. He therefore  propose d that the General Council elect ed Mrs. Wendy 
Teresa Goico Campagna (Dominican Republic), to serve as Member, and Mrs. Brigitte Lueth 
(Austria), to serve as Alternate on the Board for the re mainder of the term, i.e., until July 2023.  
17.2.  The General Council so agreed . 
18  OTHER BUSINESS  
18.1  Statement by the Chair in connection with Administrative Measures for Members in 
Arrears  
18.1.  The Chair recalled that  the General Council Procedures for Members and Observ ers subject to 
Administrative Measures in WT/BFA/132 require that, at the end of each meeting of the General 
Council, the Chair of the Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration will provide information WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  with regard to which Members and Observers are u nder Administrative Measures.  
18.2.  Ambassador Bettina Waldmann (Germany), Chair of the Budget Committee , delivered the 
following statement:  
18.3.  The Administrative Measures applicable to Members and Observers with arrears in 
contribution have been in place since 1 March 2013. In accordance with the decision of the General 
Council, I shall state all Members and Observers under all categories of administrative measures. As 
at 9 May 2022, there were 27 Members and 10 Observers under Administrative Measures. Mem bers 
in Category I . The following 12 Members are currently in Category I: Plurinational State of Bolivia , 
Cabo Verde , Cameroon , Dominica , El Salvador , The Gambia , Kyrgyz Republic , Rwanda , Togo, 
Uganda , Zambia  and Zimbabwe . Members in Category II . The follo wing 5 Members are in 
Category  II: Djibouti , Gabon , Mauritania , Papua New Guinea  and Yemen . Members in Category III . 
The following 10 Members are in Category III: Antigua and Barbuda , Burundi , Central African 
Republic , Chad, Congo , Cuba, Guinea , Guinea -Bissau, Niger , Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela . 
Observers in Category I . The following 3 Observers are in Category  I: Ethiopia , Lebanese Republic  
and South Sudan . Observers in Category II . The following 3 Observers are in Category II: Comoros , 
Iran, Iraq. Observers in Category III . There are also 4  Observers in Category III: Libya , Sao Tomé 
and Principe , Somalia  and Syria. 
18.4.  The Chair noted that, as also required by the General Council Procedures, he requested 
Members and Observers in Categories 2 and 3 of the measures to inform the Secretariat as to when 
their payment of arrears would be expected.  
18.5.  The General Council took note  of the statement.  
_______________  
  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  ANNEX  
STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS AT THE INFORMAL TNC AND INFORMAL HODS  MEETINGS 
HELD ON 4 MAY 2022 
Following the Director -General's statement at the above -mentioned meeting, the statements made 
by Japan; Singapore; Cameroon (African Group); Brazil; Nigeria; Australia; Chile (Structured 
Discussions on Investment Facilitation for Development); Philippines; Mexico; India; European 
Union; Norway; South Africa; Barbados (CARICOM); Switzerland; Republic of Korea; Canada; 
Vanuatu (Pacific Group); Chad (LDCs); China; Jamaica (ACP); Malaysia; United Kingdom; Pakistan; 
Thailand; New Ze aland; Indonesia; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Sri Lanka; Colombia; Ukraine; 
Türkiye ; Uruguay; Egypt; Russian Federation; Antigua and Barbuda (OECS); Peru; Panama 
(GRULAC, Article XII Members); Costa Rica (Joint Initiative on Services Domestic Regulation); Nep al; 
Trinidad and Tobago; Chinese Taipei; Paraguay; Tunisia; The Gambia; Iceland; Guatemala and 
United States  are included below as part of the Minutes of the General Council meeting.  
1. Japan  
Japan has condemned Russia 's aggression against Ukraine in the strongest terms, as it clearly 
infringes upon Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, constitutes a serious violation of 
international law. In addition, it has come to light that a series of cruel and inhumane acts by Russia 
have taken place in Uk raine. Russia 's actions in Ukraine constitute a serious violation of international 
humanitarian law and war crimes. Furthermore, Russia's aggression is causing global economic 
turmoil. The impact on Ukraine's internationally important agricultural sector p laces a serious burden 
on global food security, for which Russia is responsible. Japan has strongly urged Russia to cease 
the attack and withdraw its forces back to Russian territory immediately.  
 
The WTO needs to reform itself to be fit for the changing w orld. MC12 will still be an important 
occasion where trade ministers from around the world can directly exchange views and give guidance 
to our work after more than four years since MC11. We agree that MC12 should reignite momentum 
towards action that take s forward the WTO 's important work. We emphasize the importance of 
preparing concrete outcomes before MC12, as it seems difficult to make last -minute negotiations at 
MC12 due to the current political circumstances. Let me share our priorities.  
 
First, w e should deliver  outcomes on the pandemic response at MC12 after two full years since the 
start of the pandemic. On non -IP issues, Japan has been actively engaged in the discussion, in 
particular, regarding export restrictions and transparency, and we expect to agree on these as the 
WTO's pandemic response at MC12. If we achieve some form of legally binding outcome in the area 
of IP, then, it would lack balance to have outcomes with low ambition in non -IP areas. Furthermore, 
on non -IP issues, we should focus o n the trade aspects that directly relate to the pandemic. Issues 
that are beyond such focus should be addressed in the respective, relevant WTO bodies. Japan will 
constructively engage in and contribute to the process led by the Facilitator, Ambassador CAS TILLO.  
 
In this context, it has become ever clearer that e -commerce plays an indispensable role in 
maintaining economic activities in the midst of the pandemic and in recovering economy. In this 
regard, we believe even strongly that the moratorium on custo ms duties on electronic transmissions 
should be extended at MC12.  
 
The current global food security and the disruption in supply chains, mainly caused by Russia 's illegal 
aggression against Ukraine, are affecting the entire global market. We call on all Me mbers to keep 
their supply chains open and to refrain from imposing any unjustified export restrictive measures. 
We appreciate the WTO 's efforts to monitor and analyze these situations and we believe the WTO 
Members should respond to this important issue a t MC12, including the multilateral commitment of 
not imposing export restrictions on foodstuffs purchased for non -commercial humanitarian purposes 
by the WFP.  
 
On other issues of agriculture negotiation, we will continue to engage in the process led by the  
COASS Chair to find a balanced landing zone based on the revised Chair 's text.  
 
The fisheries subsidies negotiation is in a difficult situation. Yet, we should not forget that the current 
text is the result of our intensive work to find a middle ground an d to explore convergence. Japan WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  remains engaged in efforts under the leadership of the Chair, Ambassador WILLS, to finalize this 
negotiation based on the current text, which has already been sent to the ministers.  
 
Last but not least, Japan places  much imp ortance on addressing the need for WTO reform, in 
particular on the dispute settlement system, in the outcome document, so that we can accelerate 
discussion for the reform after MC12.  
2. Singapore  
Thank you, DG for convening this timely meeting. I would also like to thank the Chairs of the 
negotiating groups and the Facilitator of the WTO Response to the Pandemic, Ambassador Castillo, 
for their updates and on -going efforts. And to my Muslim friends, I wish you and your family Eid 
Mubarak. Chair, in your letter  of 27 April, you encouraged delegations to engage in a frank exchange 
of views on two very pertinent questions, namely, (a) how can MC12 galvanise action in the present 
context, and (b) how can we prepare for it. Let me try to address these two questions by making 
three points.  
 
First, MC12 can galvanise action by delivering outcomes that are relevant and timely. But this will 
not be easy because of the challenging context within which MC12 is taking place. In fact, the 
ongoing COVID -19 pandemic and Russia 's invasion of Ukraine have dealt MC a "double whammy " 
and the political, social and economic impact will have a long -tail. The World Economic Forum (WEF) 
has described the Russian invasion of Ukraine as "a tipping point for world security, the internation al 
economy and our global energy architecture ". According to the OECD, the Russia -Ukraine conflict 
would reduce global GDP growth by 1% and push global consumer price inflation up by 
approximately 2.5%. This double whammy could potentially precipitate a gl obal recession due to 
global supply chain disruptions, spike in energy and food prices, and tight commodity markets. In 
this context, MC12 must deliver meaningful outcomes in a few key areas, including a holistic package 
on the WTO Response to the Pandemic . Besides strengthening preparedness to face future 
pandemics, we need to continue to have robust discussions on key issues such as export restrictions, 
transparency and disciplines on notifications, as well as the issue of intellectual property rights. We  
must also concretely address the issue of food security. We commend the DG 's efforts in working 
with other international organisations such as the World Bank, IMF, and WFP to issue a joint 
statement on the Call for Urgent Coordinated Action on Food Securi ty. In a similar vein, we call on 
all Members to support the Proposal on Agriculture Export Prohibitions or Restrictions Relating to 
the World Food Programme (WFP). As a consequence of the situation in Ukraine, the cost of WFP 's 
operations has increased by  US$71 million per month. The WFP has also has estimated that 44 
million people in 38 countries are teetering on the edge of famine and overall global needs for 
humanitarian assistance are higher than ever. WTO Members should unequivocally support the WFP 
and avoid conflating extraneous issues such as public stockholding (PSH) with what is essentially a 
humanitarian proposal. It will be a tangible and concrete MC12 outcome that underlines the WTO 's 
relevance in tackling the current global crisis.  
 
Second, M C12 is an opportunity for Members to "futureproof " the WTO, so that collectively, we can 
be better prepared for future challenges. Apart from delivering on relevant and timely outcomes, 
Ministers should take the opportunity to re -examine the raison d 'etre and first principles of the 
organisation and find ways to ensure that the WTO can remain relevant in the 21st century. At the 
first-ever Ministerial Conference held in Singapore in 1996, former Singapore Prime Minister Mr. Goh 
Chok Tong said that "the challenge to all WTO Members is to ensure that these M inisterial 
Conferences are more than just symbolic or ceremonial ". He added that these Ministerial 
Conferences should enable the WTO to anticipate and adjust swiftly to changes in the world trading 
environment, and like a cyclist on an upward slope, if we stop peddling steadily, we will lose our 
momentum and fall back down. As we prepare for MC12 some 25 years later, the objectives of our 
Ministers should be the same. In the 1996 Ministerial Declaration, our Ministers affirmed that 
Members "desire to work t ogether to make the most of possibilities that the multilateral system 
provides to promote sustainable growth and development, while contributing to a more stable and 
secure climate in international relations ". Amidst the current geopolitical tension and s trategic 
competition, MC12 should be an occasion for Ministers to strengthen the rules -based multilateral 
trading system and push back against the forces of de -globalisation and fragmentation.  
 
Third, coming to the question of how we can prepare to ensure that MC12 galvanise action, it is 
clear that Members must continue to engage and negotiate in good faith. The recent multilateral 
decision by Members on the Bali Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQs) underfill mechanism is an excellent WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  example of how the WTO ca n continue to collectively agree on decisions by consensus. As we head 
towards MC12 in less than six weeks, Members must continue to find innovative and pragmatic ways 
to keep working and engaging with one another, be it through small groups or virtual mee tings. We 
should continue to bridge gaps, overcome differences and endeavour to tie up as many loose ends 
as possible, so that when our Ministers meet in June, MC12 will be a platform for them to galvanise 
action in response to the current global context. Like the cyclist, we must continue to peddle uphill 
with determination and navigate skilfully to reach our destination. I am confident that the view at 
the top of the hill will make it worth our while. As always, the Singapore delegation stands ready to 
contribute to the success of MC12 in any way that we can. Thank you.  
3. Cameroon  
Chair, the African Group is taking note of your report. We would like to express our thanks to the 
negotiating group chairs for their respective reports and we commend them for the ir commitment 
to advance the work on the activities of the WTO. Efforts of all Members are imperative for us to 
secure meaningful outcomes at the 12th Ministerial Conference. We reiterate our commitment to 
participate constructively in all discussions in t he coming weeks. I will now highlight some areas that 
are of critical importance to the African Group.  
 
Regarding the Agriculture negotiation, the African Group has been consistent calling on Members to 
work towards the delivery of outcome that will addres s the structural causes of the food insecurity 
and unlock developing countries productive capacities. Africa is on the thrust  of a food crisis not 
seen before in recent times. Current 7th of the 10 hunger hotspots globally are in Africa and hundreds 
of mil lions of our people face food insecurity. These difficulties are largely  as a result of the 
challenges faced  in global markets. Only a few countries dominate exports of essential agriculture 
commodities. More developing countries dependent on imports have become even more  vulnerable 
to shocks. At present, a vast majority of developing countries are unable to meet their food security 
needs because they are constrained by the imbalance of the Agreement on Agriculture. We therefore 
need to work towards the MC1 2 outcomes that respond to the immediate and urgent challenges of 
foody insecurity and loss of livelihoods. The outcomes should also geared towards addressing 
existing asymmetries as well as preservation and provision of policy space for developing countri es 
to provide support needs to enhance the productive capacity of and economic opportunity for small -
scale farmers. Extending access to public stockholding, addressing trade -distorting domestic 
support, special safeguard mechanism and solution to the last added question of  cotton therefore 
remains a priority for the African Group.  
 
On the TRIPS Waiver, the African Group takes note of your communication by the TRIPS Council 
Chair on 3 May 2022, during the Informal TRIPS Council meeting. Since, we only receiv ed the text 
yesterday, we will need some time to consider its content and conduct consultation. The African 
Group and other cosponsors of the TRIPS Waiver proposal have been calling for text -based 
negotiation in the TRIPS Council for almost two years. We t hank you and commend you for your 
tireless efforts in working with the Members of the quad towards the development of a proposal that 
the WTO Membership can consider. We also thank the ministers involved in the process for their 
commitment. As we consider the text, we wish to reiterate that the other elements of the proposed 
waiver, particularly diagnostics and therapeutics are equally important to address COVID -19 
pandemic in a holistic manner.  
 
On the WTO Response to the Pandemic, Chair, the COVID -19 pand emic our experience from 
HIV/AIDS has led us to predict that industrialized countries where the production of the COVID -19 
related products is concentrated would prioritize their own populations. This prediction has been 
proven accurate, more developed cou ntries have largely moved on from the pandemic, less than 
16% of Africa's population is fully vaccinated. We need to break the cycle of Africa being reliant on 
imports to vaccinate its population, the only way to achieve this objective is through diversifi cation  
of production. The experience of the mRNA vaccine hub in South Africa has demonstrated the 
potentially chilling effect of IP barriers. To address and overcome these barriers for current and 
future pandemics, the African Group remains fully committed  to a multilaterally agreed WTO 
response to the pandemic with the TRIPS Waiver as an integral part of that. We have used the 
strategic pause and the facilitator -led discussions to engage constructively with a certain number of 
delegations, we found resonan ce with the principles set down in document JOB/GC/293 such as the 
recognition of intellectual property barriers, the preservation of policy space for recovery and 
resilience building, and the acknowledgement that the pandemic has exacerbated the problem o f WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  food insecurity. These principles must be taken onboard if we are to produce a credible response to 
the current pandemic and to build resilience for future pandemics.  
 
On development, we wish to recall our minister's declaration in Doha and in Bali on th e provisions 
relating to special and differential treatment and we stress that special and differential treatment 
provisions should remain an integral part of WTO Agreements and that this issue should be accorded 
the priorities it deserves during MC12. Pre viously, the African Group has tabled several proposals 
seeking to achieve possible landing -zones that would address the widening gap of inequalities among 
WTO Members. Regrettably, despite the hard efforts of the Chairperson of the CTD SS there has 
been n o progress on these proposals. This is why, Chair, we must adopt a rigorous approach to 
resuscitate and give new impetus to the discussions on S&DT with a view to providing a renewed 
mandate through Ministerial Declaration on S&DT during MC12. Here the Afr ican Group is working 
on a Ministerial Declaration which will be shared with Members ahead of MC12.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, the African Group thanks the NGR Chair for his effort to reach a consensus 
on this important file. It is important to make a formal  observation at the outset, the search for such 
consensus as early explained the  use of tool or methods likely to bring Members together, while we 
understand this agility of mind, we remain concerned  about the scope of some tools that are used 
only for cer tain provision that are in the interest of certain Members to justify an initial position. It 
is also important to stress that it would be more appropriate, transparent and inclusive if methods 
related to opinion polls or fact -finding on issues under discu ssion were to be employed on divergent 
provisions. Turning to the substance, Chair, the fisheries negotiations  are important for the African 
Group which is  subject to overfishing by foreign vessels. In addition, Africa remains the continent 
with the smalle st industrial fleet in proportion to its  population and marine space. Moreover, these 
subsidies of African Members account for less than two per cent of global subsidies. While the African 
Group has always renewed its commitment to the conclusion of an agr eement, it has consistently 
reiterated that the long -standing responsibility of Members for overcapacity and overfishing must 
be duly taken into account in accordance with the principle of common but differentiated 
responsibilities. We remain committed to an Agreement that reaches the effective and unconditional 
enjoyment of appropriate special and differentiated treatment as mandated by SDG 14.6. Important 
element of an acceptable package include: de minimis, the exclusion of artisanal or subsistence 
fisheries from the scope of this agreement, the strict and unambiguous protection of over fish stocks, 
the effective sanctioning within this realm and large -scale vessels guilty of illegal fishing, the respect 
of the sovereignty of States over their waters and the careful assessment of implications of proposed 
disciplines on fuel subsidies. On all these points, Chair, it is essential to reach an agreement before 
the text is eventually submitted to our minister for action.  
 
On WTO Reform, we agree that substantiv e discussions on the issue should begin after MC12. The 
concerns of all Members, including developing countries and least developed countries must be 
adequately taken onboard in order to address the imbalances in this system. This issue must be 
approached in an open, non -discriminatory and equitable manner. Finally, Chair, the African Group 
calls for the reinstitution of a fully - functional dispute settlement mechanism in order to re -establish 
trust and predictability in the Organization's rules -based struc ture. 
4. Brazil  
Thank you, DG, for the update . Let me begin by thanking you on my behalf, on behalf of my President 
and Minister for the visit with which you honoured us, it was wonderful to have you there, we had 
the chance to have very meaningful discussions, you had the opportunity to know a bit about our 
country and we had the opportunity to learn from your wisdom and your leadership. Next time I 
promise I will try to take you to Rio.  
 
MC12 will take place in the midst of exceptional circumstance s. The geopolitical crisis, just like the 
health crisis, draws our attention to the importance of the WTO in addressing their impacts on 
international trade.  
 
Under exceptional circumstances, we need an approach for the MC12 that distinguishes between 
two different sets of issues: those that constitute a response to the current emergencies and those 
structural, on -going negotiating issues of the WTO, such as Agriculture and Reform.  
 
Brazil is ready to work constructively on both sets of issues for a success ful MC12. While addressing 
emergencies, we need to make sure there will be no backtracking on the rulebook of the multilateral WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  trading system; while preparing for the continuation of on -going negotiations, we need to make sure 
MC12 shapes the future of the  WTO.  
 
On the issue of ongoing negotiations, it is high time we conclude an agreement on fisheries subsidies. 
An outcome by the MC12 would be an important milestone and contribution of the organization to 
sustainable development.  
 
Allow me now to take the floor in French in order to highlight that that food security will certainly be 
the most important issue at MC12. This is the time to tackle the issue of agricultural reform in the 
near future, recognizing that the availability and access to food necessari ly requires international 
trade in agricultural products.  
 
Faced with the current emergency situation, we must agree upon a decision concerning the WFP. In 
addition, WTO Members will contribute to food security by maintaining open trade and markets. In 
this regard, we have started to explore with some Members, in particular LDCs, ideas for establishing 
emergency corridors to ensure the continuous flow of foodstuffs and commodities and essential 
inputs for cross -border agricultural production and trade, including fertilisers.  
 
Leading up to MC12, we need to continue  our work within the Committee on Agriculture in its Special 
Session, building on the elements of the Chair's text that will structurally strengthen food security 
and sustainable development. These two concepts must be at the heart of the continued program me 
for reform of agriculture at the WTO as provided for under Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture. 
Brazil takes this opportunity to express its support for Australia's intervention on behalf of the Cairns 
Group regarding multilateral agricultural tr ade reform.  
 
The effects of recent crises together with the current context have made negotiations more urgent 
on disciplines that could improve food security, in accordance with the obligation under Article 20, if 
you allow me to refer to it "substantial progressive reductions in support and protection". The WTO 
should contribute to policies which, instead of causing more distortions in markets and production, 
lead to the sustainable development of agricultural production and trade.  
 
Now I will go back to English.  
 
On Trade & Health, the WTO response must come to terms with a post -pandemic world. As important 
as preparing for the next pandemic is to ensure the multilateral trading regime can create the right 
incentives to addressing endemic and tropical dis eases that affect large parts of the developing 
world.  
 
I could not conclude without mentioning the importance of moving forward on WTO Reform. 
Specifically on dispute settlement, WTO Members must engage constructively to find a long -term 
solution for the restoration of a reformed system before MC13. Without proper enforcement, any 
rules we negotiate and monitor will lack effectiveness.  
 
Brazil is ready to be part of the solution towards a successful MC12.  
5. Nigeria  
Thank you Chair.  Nigeria wishes to thank yo u and the Heads of respective negotiating Group for 
your respective reports. At the outset, we wish to associate ourselves with the statements delivered 
on behalf of the African Group by Cameroon and the ACP by Jamaica.  
 
Chair, Nigeria as with a vast major ity of Members expect MC 12 to deliver results that would respond 
to the immediate and urgent challenges of food insecurity and loss of livelihoods, as well as outcomes 
geared towards restoring the WTO as a key pillar in global economic governance, that un derpins 
transparent, equitable and inclusive multilateral trading system.  Given the limited time we have 
before MC12, we wish to call on all Members to fully engage, with renewed political commitment and 
flexibility, to enable us to achieve substantive del iverables at MC 12 and ensure a successful 
Ministerial.  
 
Chair on Agriculture, Nigeria has consistently maintained that the negotiations should be approached 
from the perspective of Development to foster the delivery of outcomes that would address the 
structural causes of food insecurity and unlock Developing Countries Productive capacity. We believe WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  food security should be accorded utmost priority in the negotiations given the severity of the food 
security difficulties in Developing countries. We therefore  need to work towards a balanced outcome 
on PSH a critical food security support instrument. Priority should also be accorded to achieving 
outcomes that would enable Members to secure Domestic Support reforms that are needed to level 
the playing -field and foster a competitive, and fair global agricultural markets. Nigeria would support 
the adoption of a MC 12 work programme on Domestic support that seeks to address existing 
asymmetries, preserve support for low income and resource poor farmers, address gree n box 
transparency as well as clarify its criteria. On PSH, we would support the adoption of a Work -
programme with clear cut deliverables; and a decision on extension of the Peace Clause to include 
new programmes of Developing Countries who currently do no t have recourse to the interim solution 
without extra conditions.  
 
Regarding Fisheries Subsidies, the need for effective S&DT to foster sustainable development of 
Developing Countries Fisheries sector cannot be overemphasized given the severity of food and  
livelihood difficulties faced by these countries. Consequently, in order to move towards a consensus 
text, we would require a de  minimis figure of 1.2% so as to ensure that countries below the de 
mininis  will have the required policy space to develop thei r fisheries sector. Any de  minimis figure 
below this threshold will result in a total imbalance in the text giving that article 5.1.1 remains 
untouched despite our various indication that it is not a flexibility we will be able to utilize. In 
addition, we are unable to accept the limitation of artisanal fishing to 12 nautical miles as this would 
significantly undermine the activities of our artisanal fishers who are not contributors to the global 
overfished condition. We would continue to engage constructiv ely towards the delivery of a balanced 
outcome on Fisheries Subsidies.  
 
Chair on WTO Reform, Nigeria is flexible on institutional arrangement that would foster discussions 
on reforms. However, it is of critical importance that discussions on this issue rem ains open, 
transparent and inclusive. The reforms discussions should be geared towards addressing the 
difficulties undermining the effective participation of Developing countries especially LDCs in the 
Multilateral Trading System.  
 
On WTO Response to the COVID -19 Pandemic, Nigeria believes any meaningful outcome in this area 
should address IP Barriers, preserve policy space for recovery and foster the building of resilient 
health sector that can effectively deal with future pandemic,  health emergencies or other crises. The 
outcome should also effectively address the difficulties faced by Developing Countries and LDCs in 
accessing the flexibilities contained in the TRIPS Agreement to protect public health. A solution on 
IP would pave  the way for the ramping up of production  of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines 
to combat COVID.  There is also need for commitments on Technology Transfers to foster the 
development of Developing Countries Health Sector.  
 
Finally on Work Programme on El ectronic Commerce and Moratorium on Imposing Customs Duties 
on Electronic Transmissions, Nigeria looks forward to the adoption of an inclusive MC 12 Agenda that 
is geared towards addressing the difficulties undermining the gains of developing countries fro m 
global digital trade. Regarding the issue of Moratorium on Customs duties, we support the renewal 
of the Moratorium at MC 12. Thank you. Chair.  
6. Australia  
What we are witnessing with Russia 's invasion of Ukraine is not only an abhorrent attack on a proud, 
brave, sovereign nation.  It also represents a direct attack on the liberal, rules -based order and on 
international law, on which this Organization is based.  
 
As the Director -General said recently in Brazil, now is not the time to retreat from multil ateralism 
and international law. Rather there has never been a more important time to invest in the system 
that has brought peace and prosperity to so many.  
 
With just over a month to go before MC12, the stakes are significant. We must accelerate our work 
here in Geneva, rather than look for excuses or declare defeat.  
 
We must strive for outcomes across all four pillars, and prove to the world that multilateralism is in 
health, despite the attacks made on it.  That includes a response to the pandemic that su pports the 
role that trade can play in securing lives and livelihoods, a commitment to WTO reform which ensures WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  this Organization continues to serve us well in future, and the e -commerce moratorium that has 
supported the digital economy through the worst p andemic in a century.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, we must recognise that we are not negotiating with each other – but rather 
we are negotiating on behalf of the global commons, on behalf of the future sustainability of our 
oceans. A deal is within reach if we  work hard in coming weeks.  We now need to change the logic 
of the negotiations – from competition to cooperation – if we are to succeed.  
 
On agriculture, in the midst of the worst food security crisis in decades, it would be nothing short of 
absurd if the  WTO did not begin to address the food security implications of the $500 billion of 
agricultural subsidies spent every year.  There is no doubt that Membership will be pursuing a 
modalities package on agriculture for MC13.  So we should secure the best possi ble guidance we can 
achieve through this Conference to guide those negotiations, which are even more important now 
with the current food security crisis.  We are achieving a good level of convergence on the majority 
of issues in the agriculture negotiations , even if big gaps remain on one issue, that of public 
stockholding.  We must now bank that progress we have made - which will aid our task considerably 
in the negotiations towards MC13.  
 
We only have a month to go, but that is more than enough time if we a re willing to roll up our 
sleeves and commit to some important strides forward in the system that has served us so well.  
7. Chile  
Thank you very much Director General for your report as well as for the reports of the chairs.  
 
My delegation shares the spirit of the invitation letter sent o n the 25 of April by you, the MC12 Chair 
and the chair of the General Council.  Particularly on what should be the focus of our Ministers´ 
discussions as well as the possible outcomes.   
 
This Ministerial Conference will  not be similar to previous ministerial gatherings because it will take 
place in the midst of different crises and after many postponements. It will provide us with an 
opportunity to reaffirm the credibility of this organisation and the relevance that our collective work 
has for billions of people and business. But at the same time we have to be realistic, aim high and 
send a clear message on the concerning situ ation of this organisation, as well as our commitment 
to take needed actions to correct this grav e situation.  
 
In order to have a successful MC12 everybody needs to be heard and we will need space and time 
for dialogue and reflection. The focus of our debates has to be on a  harsh a nd candid assessment of 
why we are where we are. We don 't think we can reach important agreements without having this 
assessment beforehand. The problems we need to address are global and the responses will need 
to put our people and the sustainability of our planet at the centre. Therefore, this dialogue must go 
beyond our s pecific national positions a nd place at its centre our collective/global interest. Chile is 
ready to participate in such an exercise.  
 
Madame chair, let me elaborate on the outcomes we expect from MC12.  
 
For the outcome document, we support the structure p roposed by the GC chair. The first part should 
be strong and ambitious, based on the elements of last November's draft.  It should include a clear 
mandate to start our discussions on WTO reform. The current circumstances and the pandemic 
revealed that such reform is more urgent than ever before. We believe it should also address issues 
of current global concern such as sustainability and broader inclusion of MSMES and women in 
international trade and its benefits . 
 
The response to the pandemic is one of the critical decisions to be taken in June. The result on this 
area shall clearly reflect which measures taken by members during the sanitary crisis created 
obstacles, at a global level, for the production and distribution of essential medical goods and 
vaccin es. In addition, the response has to include a future work plan with an exchange -of-
information mechanism from which we can learn and be prepared for the next pandemic and for 
similar emergency situations.  
 
On fish subsidies, we still believe that the chair's text is a good basis for our negotiations. But few 
adjustments are needed before we can present it to our Ministers for approval.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  S&DT has to be an integral and critical part of the final agreement. In our view the discussion on 
S&DT has to consid er a broader context so as to ensure that the text has the adequate balance and 
ambition that can guarantee the sustainability of marine resources through the elimination of 
prohibited subsidies that effectively produce overfishing and overcapacity of our marine stocks. 
Trying to minimise the discussion on S&DT to the search of three magical and artificial numbers, as 
if that would open a safe, is not the  way to move forward . 
 
Furthermore, we should not forget that this is about subsidies. Hence, the future  agreement cannot 
depart from the logic and structure of the SCM Agreement, particularly on the definition of de 
minimis. We have already expressed our concerns with using metrics based on capture or output 
and not on the amount of subsidization . Following  the SCM Agreement will enable us to avoid 
punishing members such as Chile who have become important actors in the fishing industry without, 
or granting only limited, subsidies . 
 
On agriculture we strongly support both the chair´s text as the basis for the  negotiations as well as 
her process that should lead to a concrete result so we can start negotiations on a reform that we 
have been waiting for almost thirty years. A reform that should include new rules conducive to 
substantive reduction of the distorti ons on agriculture trade. The current crisis, with its severity 
should not lead us to take decisions in haste nor to adopt permanent measures in the name of 
urgency. Quite the contrary, today the WTO should respond in a proportionate and temporary way. 
Long term measures can only be discussed as part of the broader reform of the AG sector . 
 
Madame chair,  with only a bit over a month to go before MC12, Chile reiterates its commitment and 
support to the current process. We will actively continue participating  in consultations and 
negotiations, promoting dialogue, constructive work and cooperation among  WTO members, as a 
reflection of our commitment with multilateralism and in particular with the multilateral trading 
system. Count on us Madame chair.  
 
With that , I will put on my hat as coordinator of the Joint Statement Initiative on Investment 
Facilitation for Development.  
 
Since the beginning of the year, the process is advancing on two main 'tracks ': the text negotiations, 
among over 110 WTO Members, based on the 'Easter Text (Rev.6)'; and the development of an IF 
Self-Assessment Guide.  
 
First, on needs assessment: a Worki ng Group, composed of experts from 7 IOs,1 coordinated by the 
WTO Secretariat, was established and tasked to develop a Self -Assessment Guide' that will assist 
developing and LDC Members assess their implementation gaps as well as priorities and technical 
assistance needs for the future implementation of the IFD Agreement. The Working Group has made 
good progress with an aim to present a first draft of the IF Self -Assessment Guide to participating 
Members by end -May/early -June.  
 
Second, regarding the text negotiations: as participants stated in the December 2021 Joint 
Statement on IFD, the aim is to conclude the text negotiations by the end of this year. This objective 
remains, also in the current circumstances, and we kept progressing in this direction, th anks to 
participants' willingness to continue moving forward in creative ways. I would like to thank all IFD 
participants for their flexibility in this regard.  
 
As always, outreach efforts are continuing, mindful that this initiative is 'pro -multilateral'.  In this 
context, 4 high -level regional Roundtable events – for the Caribbean, Asian -Pacific, African and Arab 
economies – co-organized by several international organizations with regional partners will be held 
between 10 May and 1 June.  You will all recei ve invitations.  
 
I want to thank once again all participating Members for their commitment and constructiveness. 
Thank you, Chair.  
8. Philippines  
Thank you Madame Director -General Ngozi, GC Chair Ambassador Chambovey, Chairs of the 
negotiating bodies and the  GC facilitator, for their statements and updates. The Philippines is 
 
1 ITC, OECD, UNCTAD, WBG, IDB, UN -Economic Commission for Africa, and WEF . WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  cognizant of that multilateralism continues to be under stress, the COVID -19 pandemic 
demonstrated that we need more, not less, international coordination and cooperation. This 
perspecti ve is reinforced by continuing global challenges, among them the uneven economic 
recovery, continued supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures, increased climate change 
vulnerabilities and the conflict in Ukraine. While we have witnessed a pause in formal negotiations 
across the border, the Philippines is heartened that delegations are utilizing this period to engage 
bilaterally and in small group configurations to advance work on the MC12 agenda and prioritize 
outcomes. The Philippines wishes to ass ociate itself with the statement delivered by Australia on 
behalf of the Cairns Group. We are confronting another food crisis which reinforces our perspective 
that we need a balanced outcome on agriculture addressing both trade and production distorting 
domestic support and food security concerns through the public stockholding and special safeguard 
mechanisms that have already been mandated in Bali and Nairobi. The Philippines remains hopeful 
that we will achieve an outcome on fisheries subsidies and we no te that gaps between delegations 
are narrowing such as on the timeframe for special and differential treatment as updated by the 
Chair of the fisheries subsidies negotiations. We remain of the view that predictable and coherent 
rules are central to sustain able economic recovery and for this reason we continue to support 
extending the moratorium on the imposition of customs duties on electronic transmissions. We also 
note a shift in the tone of engagement on WTO Reform and are looking forward to contributing  to 
this constructive dialogue taking into account the varying capacities of Members and with a view to 
the restoration of the two -tier dispute settlement system. The Philippines likewise notes that 
delegations have been working actively to deliver outcome s on trade and health and we thank the 
Director -General for formally conveying the quad's draft outcome on a TRIPS Waiver for vaccines. 
We also commend the GC facilitator and delegations who have intersessionally worked together to 
find practical landing -zones. As we learn to live with COVID, the WTO must demonstrate that its 
Members are capable of learning from this experience over the past two years, so that we can ensure 
future waves or new pandemics are approaching through the lens of openness and solid arity among 
us WTO Members. Thank you, Director - General.  
9. Mexico  
I would like to begin by thanking you, the Negotiating Group Chairs, the General Council Chair and 
Ambassador Castillo for your reports and hard work in seeking consensus that will enable us  to make 
progress in the run -up to MC12.  
 
Madam Chair, we fully concur with you and certain colleagues that MC12 will take place amid an 
extremely complicated international context.  
 
While it is true that many countries are emerging from the pandemic, many others are still dealing 
with the impact on their economic growth and development.  
 
As a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, in addition to the terrible loss of human life, we are 
already witnessing the impact of the geopolitical cris is on the international prices of certain 
commodities and fuels, with many, mostly developing, countries facing inflationary and cost 
pressures.  
 
This same political crisis has made dialogue and the conclusion of agreements even more difficult, 
by limiting  the number of meetings in the main negotiating groups. As you mentioned, while bodies 
such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have been able to continue their work, 
the WTO's structure and way of making decisions are different to what i s in place in these institutions, 
which should be taken into account amid the current circumstances.  
 
We therefore consider that, while we should continue to work tirelessly, we must be careful with the 
narrative that we use in our statements and with our respective authorities and private sectors.  
 
Nobody is questioning the importance of and need to eventually conclude fisheries negotiations or 
establish a clear programme of work on agriculture. However, we must take care in creating 
expectations that we may not be able to meet. The WTO has been characterized by its failure to 
achieve its negotiating objectives and we should avoid contributing to another such failure.  
 
In June, our Ministers must be clear on the purpose of MC12: whether the meeting is t hat mandated 
by Article 4.1 of the Marrakesh Agreement, or whether it is a meeting that they shall attend to make 
decisions on very specific issues pertaining to the negotiating topics.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Given the time limit and above -mentioned considerations, we are of the  view that the second option 
will not be feasible and, from now on, we need to adjust our narrative and expectations. I agree 
with the DG that work should be carried out so that Ministers at MC12 may "bless" certain previously 
agreed topics, rather than ex pecting them to hold intensive negotiations in situ . 
 
Turning to the reports presented, I would like to make the following remarks:  
 
On fisheries, I consider that there are complex issues still outstanding, such as special and 
differential treatment  and ho rizontal fuel subsidies. However, Santiago has just set out, with some 
optimism, an intensive programme of work, so let's get to work and see what happens. We must be 
able to find ways of building convergence and avoid presenting immature issues to Ministe rs at 
MC12.  
 
On agriculture, we concur with Ambassador Abraham's report and thank her for her tireless efforts. 
Unfortunately, positions remain inflexible on all matters, not just on the most controversial topics, 
which means that expectations of possible outcomes in the coming weeks need to be limited. If we 
cannot even agree on a programme of work to guide negotiations, what can we expect when it 
comes to substantive provisions and new commitments? A programme of work is needed for each 
and every one of t he matters identified as priorities.  
 
On trade and health, the expectations generated by the leak of the apparent agreement reached in 
the "Quad" discussions have been entirely watered down in view of the lack of a statement of 
acceptance by the majority o f the participants. It is clear that we should not wait until MC12 to hold 
this discussion, as there is a high risk that Ministers will not reach an agreement. We thus consider 
it extremely important for the Quad to endorse the agreement so that it may be discussed in the 
TRIPS Council as soon as possible.  
 
Moreover, with regard to the trade component, we are pleased to see that the dialogue between 
certain Members is already yielding results. My delegation will actively and constructively participate 
in the discussions being organized to move forward on this matter.  
 
Finally, on WTO reform, we regret that there has been no significant progress on a matter that we 
all agree is of importance and for which there is an urgent need. We have been discussing WTO 
reform for over two years now without  officially integrating it into our work.  
 
Madam Chair, in conclusion, my delegation, like 74 other Members, has committed to redoubling 
our efforts in the run -up to MC12. However, we must be aware that the scarce resour ce of time is 
running out, that positions on the main negotiating topics currently lack the necessary flexibility, 
and that the extraordinary conditions of the past few weeks require us to reassess the purpose of 
MC12 and draw up more realistic objectives to avoid another setback. It will be important to 
predefine the possible scope of the Ministerial Conference and to be clear on which form it will take, 
which will contribute to the effective management of expectations and allow Ministers to properly 
prepa re for their participation in the meetings . 
 
My delegation, as always, stands ready to contribute to organizing a meeting that is more efficient 
and suitable for the current circumstances.  Thank you.  
10. India  
Good afternoon, Chair, and good afternoon colleagues. I thank the DG and the Chairs of the 
Negotiating Groups, the GC Chair and the Facilitator for their respective reports.  
 
Chair, we have an important task today, to pragmatically assess where we are on the deliverables 
for MC12 given the unprece dented crises that we continue to face and whether these deliverables 
are balanced and address the needs of the developing members including the Least Developed 
members.  
 
Chair, our topmost priority should be revival of economy and sustain the growth post pandemic and 
during a conflict situation. The present situation chair has got a new imported problem we are here 
in world trade organization so let me use that phrase imported problems for most of the economies 
today. And that problem is the imported infla tion in most of the domestic economy. These are getting 
transmitted through food, fertiliser and fuel crisis and it is going to devastate the economy. It is WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  going to wipe out a lot of gains which were made before pandemic notwithstanding the pandemic. 
For MC 12 we think that WTO has a role to play to take care of these imported problems.  
 
MC12  
India looks forward to a successful Ministerial that will deliver on, both on the critical issues 
confronting the World today i.e. the current food crisis and the ong oing pandemic as well as long -
pending mandated issues.  Time is short.  We should try to close as many deliverables as possible 
before MC12 so that we don 't overburden the Minister 's with the negotiating agenda during the 
Ministerial itself.  We also look forward to a consensus -based Ministerial Declaration and we do not 
favour Chair 's text.  
 
Food Security  
Food security has emerged as a major challenge today, both on account of the COVID -19 pandemic 
and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.  It is important that  this Organization makes a significant 
contribution to the global efforts to tackle the current food security challenge during MC12.  We need 
to look at the existing constraints in Agreement on Agriculture that are coming in the way of 
augmenting supplies d uring this crisis.  As our Prime Minister said, India is 'ready to supply food 
stocks to the World ', if WTO can find a way out from the existing constraints under AoA.  Therefore, 
we appeal to Members that we need to find ways and means to support the effort s of Members who 
are in a position to help others, through distributions from their stocks during the current food crisis 
and we should not link this in any way to the ongoing negotiations in the agriculture pillar.   
 
WTO's Response to the Pandemic (IP & n on-IP parts)  
Chair, we thank the Facilitator for his Report.  My delegation has engaged in wide ranging discussions 
on the various possibilities for new formulations. Our position is that the Declaration, whatever be 
its format, must reflect the various vie wpoints. The painstaking work that has been done must not 
be lost.  In that context, the focus should be on the content.  A streamlining of various formulations 
is something which we can work towards, as long as the overall text remains balanced between 
various viewpoints.  
 
Chair, an outcome on TRIPS Waiver still remains for us an integral part of the response, and one of 
key deliverables for MC 12 and in this regard, we note the communication shared by the TRIPS Chair 
yesterday. For us, an outcome on this p roposal needs to be immediately doable, practical, and one 
that ensures security of supply and equitable and affordable access. Chair, I hope that going forward 
in these discussions, despite the divergences, members will engage in good faith to achieve an 
effective outcome on this critical issue based on the text -based negotiation in TRIPS Council.  
 
Agriculture  
Chair, we are disappointed to note that significant divergences remain across all pillar of 
negotiations.  Any outcome on MC12 should include a simpl e, efficient, and permanent solution on 
extending PSH for food security purposes to new programs and new products as key deliverable 
cannot be ignored. Any outcome without addressing this core issue in our times will not enhance 
WTO's credibility.  
 
Fisheri es Subsidies  
While we appreciate the Chair 's efforts in moving the discussions forward during the past few weeks, 
we are not sure of the process he has embarked upon, a process of collecting information through 
a questionnaire from Ambassadors in their per sonal capacities. We find this approach quite 
problematic in a Multilateral setting.  Ambassadors at the WTO are not here in their private capacities; 
they are representatives of their respective governments. Hence their personal opinion does not 
matter in the negotiation process.  Certain data inferences have been made based on these personal 
opinions; again, this approach is grossly erroneous. Further, it is unclear which members were called 
for these bilateral and the criteria used to select them.  Lack of transparency in the process can lead 
us nowhere; if any, it will only create mistrust.  The whole process therefore to us lacks credibility, 
and hence this report cannot be taken cognizance off.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Chair, we may recall that in response to the earlier version of the text (TN/RL/W/276/Rev.1), a total 
of around 86 Members during the July 2021 Ministerial meeting had stated that the Chair 's text is 
not sufficient and does not reflect the interests of all Members.  
 
We are willing to engage; our endeavour should be  to produce a text based on the principle of 
common but differentiated responsibilities. The big subsidizers and developed countries responsible 
for the present state of marine resources should take greater responsibility to reduce their subsidies 
and fish ing capacities. India's position on Article 5 is unambiguously reflected in its paper 
RD/TN/RL/147*. We have categorically demanded that full discussion should be held on issues like 
S&DT, distant water fishing etc. at the technical level and should not be  left for political discussion 
at Minister 's levels.   
 
WTO Reforms  
Chair, India supports the WTO reform agenda premised on strengthening the fundamental principles 
of the WTO including consensus -based decision making, non -discrimination, special and differential 
treatment, premised on the principles of inclusivity and dev elopment.  
 
Chair, finally I wish to reiterated that we should strive for a balanced outcome at MC12 that will truly 
reflect of the multilateral character of this organisation and will ensure that WTO is seen as a part 
of the solutions to the global challe nges and not a mere spectator. Thank You Chair.  
11. European Union  
Thank you, Director -General, for convening this timely meeting and for your report, as well as the 
report by the different chairs at the start of the meeting. We are now five weeks away from MC12. 
Despite extremely difficult geopolitical context, the Europ ean Union believes that Members need to 
continue to show commitment to the multilateral trading system with the WTO at its centre and 
work towards achieving a meaningful package of results at MC12 so that the multilateral track 
continues to be relevant.  
 
At this stage, for the European Union the outcome of such a package could include the following 
elements:  
 
Firstly, an outcome document that would refer to the WTO 's response to global trade challenges. 
This would include language launching discussions on WTO reform with a view to achieving outcomes 
by MC13, including a fully functioning WTO dispute settlement, as well as language on development 
and the environment.  
 
Secondly, a declaration on the WTO 's response to the pandemic along with a decision on the 
intellectual property aspects (discussed under the 'TRIPS waiver ' heading).  
 
Thirdly, on agriculture, a set of multilateral commitments made up of transparency elements 
including transparency on export restrictions and on stocks, a commitment on avoiding e xport 
restrictions on food consistent with WTO rules, and the World Food Program decision. These are the 
most immediately relevant elements, which are already on the table. We should also be able to 
agree on work programmes for the continuation of negotiat ions across all agricultural issues, on 
trade distorting domestic support, public stockholding, and transparency improvements in particular.  
 
Fourthly, the extension of the e -commerce and TRIPS moratorium until MC13;  
 
And fifthly, the conclusion of the fis heries subsidies negotiations. It is time for the conclusion of 
these negotiations; it is now or never. Negotiations have been ongoing for more than 20 years. We 
have heard that several Members are attached to the WTO 's multilateral negotiating function, b ut if 
we don 't conclude these negotiations now, we will be failing the multilateral negotiating function, 
and we would be failing to protect the global commons and the relevance of the WTO. Now is the 
time to conclude. There are different views about the g raphs shown by the Chair at this meeting, 
but they are quite revealing of where the centre  of gravity is, and it is time for the extremes to move 
to the centre . We are ready to engage in this negotiation because if we do not make it now we do 
not see in wh ich other time this can be concluded.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  We need to have clarity both on the MC12 agenda and on the process needed to generate the 
outcomes in each of these areas. You, Madame Chair, and the Chair of the General Council have set 
out today a path forward for  the coming weeks.  We need full clarity on the process for each of these 
key issues by the time of the next General Council. After that, w e will not have time to discuss 
processes. After that, we have to get on with the work. At the same time, it is clear that we are 
living in a situation that is not business as usual and therefore we cannot have a MC12 that is 
business as usual. This should be duly taken account in the processes that need to be set up to 
harvest multilateral results. It will also be import ant for yourself, Madame Director General, to be 
directly involved in helping Members attain meaningful results on the key issues. We should aim to 
take stock and reach as much agreement as possible on all key elements of the MC12 agenda by 
the end of May to know how we are positioned for when ministers disembark in Geneva two weeks 
later.  
12. Norway  
Thank you Chair,  I would first like to thank you, DG, for your introduction, and our colleagues for 
their presentations.  
 
We have only a few weeks until MC12. Let  me assure you chair, that Norway will do its best to 
contribute to meaningful and substantial results.  
 
The world is not an easy place, nor is the backdrop for our conference. From the Covid pandemic, 
which is still ongoing, to food insecurity that is for  many people a brutal reality, to the war in Europe, 
which should never have started.  
 
Norway condemns the violent Russian attack on and aggression in Ukraine which shows a blatant 
disregard for international law and institutions. Now, more than ever, we need to respect a rules -
based world order, which the WTO is an integral part of.  
 
For trade specifically, we need members to genuinely believe in, uphold, and continue to develop 
our rulebook. We need multilateralism. We need rules. We need a well -functioning WTO.  
 
MC12 has been postponed time and time again. With the right combination of a mbition and realism 
we can get it done in June. Results are achievable.  
 
To your question, Chair, regarding the character of the conference, I will limit myself at this stage 
to say that the number of issues we put on the table of ministers to solve will have to be limited. 
Meaning that we need to close as much as possible ahead of the ministerial.  
 
We agree that we should focus our efforts on the issues listed in your invitation letter, DG.  
 
Starting with disciplines on harmful fisheries subsidies, which are long overdue, are within our reach. 
Our instrument will have a disciplining effect on Members and therefore a positive effect on the 
global fisheries resources. We need to close the deal now and start implementing it the sooner the 
better.  
 
There is nothing out there on fisheries subsidies that is better or more realistic, nor will there be for 
the foreseeable future. There is still time to tweak certain areas of the draft, but with restraint. Most 
importantly, let us converge on the key numb ers related to SDT and get it done.  
 
Members have spent a lot of energy discussing the WTO response to the pandemic. We should build 
on what has been done, including the Walker text. But we are not there yet, as was evident from 
the report from the facilit ator. More work will have to be done.  
 
What is certain is that the world expects WTO ministers to address the trade related challenges 
posed by the pandemic and to send a message about our common resolve to meet the challenges 
related to the C OVID -19 pand emic as well as being better prepared for future health crises.  
 
The seminar on food security last week was helpful in highlighting the many aspects of the current 
global food crisis. Many of the issues, such as transparency, quick response and cooperatio n, 
restraint in the use of emergency measures such as export restrictions, and the importance of 
keeping markets  open, echo issues discussed in relation to the pandemic response.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Norway is one of the co -sponsors of a joint statement on open and predictable  trade in agricultural 
and food products which has elements we believe can be included in a ministerial declaration on 
food security.  
 
Let us also finally agree on a Decision not to impose export prohibitions or restrictions on foodstuff 
purchased for non -commercial humanitarian purposes by the World Food Programme.  
 
On agriculture, the Chairs ' text in TN/AG/50 provides a good basis for a work program without 
prejudging the outcome of the negotiations themselves. With the very limited time left, ambitions 
must be calibrated accordingly to close in on potential landing zones.  
 
MC12 is an opportunity to launch work on WTO reform with the objective of appropriate decisions 
being made at MC13. Reform is required to revitalize the WTO and strengthen the rules -based 
trading system.  
 
Everything should be on the table, including development issues and how to move forward on issues 
of interest to some but not all Members, including on trade and environmental sustainability.  
 
The draft outcome document that we worked on in November addresses WTO reform. We need to 
finalize those paragraphs.  
 
Chair, this is not the time for waiting games. We need to start moving. Meaningful results are within 
reach. Together, we can get this done.  Thank you.  
13. South Africa  
We thank  you and the Chairs of the Negotiating Groups for their reports.  
 
We associate ourselves with the Statements by the Group SA is party to. ACP, the Africa Group and 
the Cairns Group.  
 
With just 5 weeks before MC12, it is critical to be realistic about the o utcomes that can be achieved 
at MC12 under very difficult circumstances given multiple challenges facing the global economy, 
which include the COVID -19 crisis, rising food insecurity and inflationary pressures. All of this at a 
time of low growth.  
 
The con text is important and this is not the time to make new rules that will constrain policy space 
of Members to respond to these crises. A successful MC12 in our view must deliver:  
 
A WTO response to the pandemic with the TRIPS Waiver integral . The WTO respon se to the 
pandemic that promotes preparedness and resilience cannot be complete if it does not prioritise 
negotiations of a TRIPS trigger ready mechanism to prepare for future pandemics which obviates 
the need for special arrangements and waivers during a pandemic. It must also facilitate scaling -up 
and diversification of production by facilitating effective transfer of technology, sharing of know -
how, and unlock productive capacity beyond just fill and finish. We remain flexible to find a workable 
solution  that promotes inclusive recovery and food security.  
 
In relation to agriculture, we need to find a package that centres  on a shared objective of enhancing 
food security and livelihoods. Addressing the structural imbalances in global agricultural markets i s 
the most sustainable solution towards unlocking the agricultural potential of developing countries, 
particularly in Africa. We need a realistic package that delivers meaningful progress on agriculture 
reform and sets the path for the negotiations. It mus t address historical imbalances in domestic 
support, concentration of support and must be unambiguous about preserving policy space to 
support resource -poor and low -income farmers through Article 6.2. Our priorities remain DS, PSH, 
SSM and cotton. A decisi on on WFP is possible if concerns of all Members are addressed. We 
underscore that S&D must be integral to any outcome on agriculture.  
 
On Fisheries Subsidies Negotiations,  as long as the concerns of developing countries in relation to 
effective S&D with an appropriate and acceptable level of de minimis is not agreed before - hand, an 
outcome will remain elusive. SDT is mandated and cannot be narrow in application. The flexibilities 
provided to big subsidizers under the sustainability approach is extraordin arily wide and preserves 
the status quo. The disciplines must fundamentally target large scale fishing and distant water WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  fishing. Big subsidizers must take the greatest responsibility based on the principle of common but 
differentiated responsibility. The text as is cannot be submitted to Ministers, negotiations among 
Members are required to close the gaps.  
 
On WTO reform what we need is a political commitment to initiate a structured discussion with high 
level parameters to ensure a balanced, equitable MTS  that addresses the interests of all. This 
necessitates a WTO Reform agenda that promotes development and inclusivity.  
 
Multilateralism is important now more than ever, we must preserve consensus decision making and 
S&D. S&D, is a treaty embedded right and  the CTD -SS must deliver on its mandate on the G90 
ASPs. The implementation of Ministerial Decisions and delivering on agreed mandates is critical to a 
well-functioning and inclusive multilateral trading system. Development must underpin everything 
we do.  
 
On the Outcomes document will receive consensus if it focuses on mandated issues. We see a Chair`s 
text if done as a separate document under his responsibility.  
 
On e-commerce, the multilaterally mandated work is the Work programme and the outcome on the 
e-commerce moratorium at MC12 will depend on clarifications with regard to the scope and definition 
of ET.  We re -iterate our position on the TRIPS NVC moratorium.  
 
It is difficult to envision a negotiating Ministerial, therefore in each of the negotiat ing areas, we must 
only take consensus texts to Ministers. On areas where consensus cannot be reached at this stage, 
we must consider developing work programme for Ministers` consideration. We need to recognize 
that MC12 is held under unique circumstances,  and we need to be practical on what can be achieved. 
Success at MC12 will depend on delivery of multilateral outcomes. We stand ready to work 
constructively with Members towards finding balanced outcomes.  
14. Barbados (CARICOM ) 
The CARICOM Group in Geneva thanks you for your extensive report and views on the road ahead. 
Similarly, we wish to thank the representatives and respective chairs of negotiating bodies in the 
General Council for the updates on the issues under the purview . There is no doubt that a lot has 
happened in and around this Organization since our Ministers last met in 2017, which therefore for 
us necessitates MC12 taking place as agreed in June. It is important for ministers to: (I) give 
guidance in a number of co re areas which are central to the organization's work that is WTO reform 
and other areas for future work; (II) secondly and importantly, take decisions on the Work 
Programme related to small economies and electronic commerce and TRIPS; (III) and thirdly, r eview 
work undertaken since MC11. Today, however, and a big "however", we cannot help but to be 
concerned that our inactivity over the last few weeks on areas identified for possible delivery at 
MC12 has left us with a significant amount of work to be done . Whilst we have not doubt that we 
can close some of the remaining gaps in the next few days and weeks we would be concerned if the 
approach is taken on understanding for the basis of our work in specific areas for example the WTO 
response to the pandemic.  Secondly, resorts to less than inclusive means of developing outcomes 
on issues of core importance to all Members. Thirdly, potentially marginalizing the views and 
positions of small WTO Members including those in CARICOM. The presentation of proposals in  which 
we have not had a say in developing must not, and I repeat, must not be presented as a fait accompli , 
neither should our ministers feel obligated or obliged to accept outcomes purely for the sake of 
achieving consensus that serves not our interests.  We must do our utmost to ensure that our work 
is guided by principles that underpin the organization including those of transparency, inclusivity 
and consensus. I move on, if we are to avoid paralysis or heightened tensions during the Ministerial 
we shoul d ensure that we complete our job here in Geneva and not leave detailed negotiations to 
our ministers. I cannot underscore that enough. The inclusion of plenary sessions under the agenda 
item overview of WTO activities guarantee s a separate and distinct sp ace for Members to deliver 
political statements. Additionally, if we are to justify the in person participation of our ministers in 
Geneva we cannot in our consciousness agree to a modality which restricts them to rigid video 
recorded statements in the ple nary. On substance, Chair, we agree that the possible deliverables for 
the ministerial could include an outcome on fisheries subsidies, agriculture, response to the 
pandemic and statement on the food crisis and an outcome document which inter alia provides  
guidance for our work on reform. Based on the reports this morning and this afternoon, not one of 
these issues is ready for agreement by our ministers in their current form. We therefore wish to 
know the following: on fisheries subsidies, the draft fisher ies subsidies text contains a number of WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  unresolved issues which remain in square brackets such as special and differential treatment, 
including the small players' de minimis, non -specific fuel subsidies, territoriality, reflagging and 
forced labour. While they may not be included in square brackets issues on new notification 
obligations the definition of fish and the flexibility for major fishing nations in Articles 4 and 5 also 
remain unresolved. On the response to the pandemic our perception of the way fo rward is based on 
the format of 281. As small island  developing states supply chains, food security and the cost and 
access to transportation were threatened during the pandemic. We look forward to being a part of 
the discussions on the TRIPS Waiver in the  TRIPS Council based on the recently circulated document. 
With regard to the Ministerial Decision on the Work Programme on Electronic Commerce and on the 
moratorium, it would be of importance to us to resume and intensify our efforts to outline a single, 
mutually acceptable decision for approval by ministers within the coming month. The CARICOM 
Group is hopeful that our work over the next few days and weeks will bridge the gaps in the various 
areas for delivery at the ministerial. We stand ready, willing an d able to continue working with other 
Members in realizing these objectives.  
15. Switzerland  
Madam Chair,  a few weeks before the MC12 and in a difficult international environment, constructive 
engagement, compromise and pragmatism are needed to advance the wo rk in the WTO. "Business 
as usual" is not enough.  
 
With more than two years in this pandemic, it is high time for the WTO to provide a meaningful, 
comprehensive and balanced response to the COVID -19 pandemic. In a nutshell, this means that 
we need to addr ess the actual challenges in a holistic and calibrated way. At MC12, we must seriously 
address export restrictions, transparency as well as trade facilitating measures and preserve the 
legal certainty of the IP system. This system has proven its value in d eveloping and producing safe 
and efficacious COVID -19 vaccines. Having said that, we are open to discussing pragmatic proposals 
how to improve the IP system without undermining the aforementioned achievement. Bearing this 
in mind, we are ready to look into  the recently circulated outcome of informal discussions of the so -
called QUAD process that will be discussed in the TRIPS Council.  
 
Madam e Chair, while many parts of the world are still struggling with the impact of COVID -19, 
another crisis is emerging – a crisis that puts millions of people in danger of hunger and malnutrition. 
We the WTO Members have a collective responsibility to respond to this crisis now, at MC12. Letting 
two years pass again, would be detrimental. Next to balanced and pragmatic work  programs, at 
MC12 we must intensify our work in export prohibitions and restrictions. We learned at the WTO 
Food Security Seminar about the risks of such measures. There is an opportunity for the WTO to 
deliver.  
 
Furthermore, Switzerland strongly supports  a decision to exempt World Food Programme purchases 
from export restrictions.   
 
The conclusion of the negotiations on fisheries subsidies remains a priority as a fundamental 
sustainable development goal.  
 
In the area of electronic commerce, Switzerland ca lls for the extension of both the Work Programme 
and the moratorium on customs duties until MC13. We therefore call on all Members to join the draft 
ministerial decision in this sense. We are open to hear suggestions for improvement of the draft 
decision, and hope that the final work will lead to a convergence towards an extension of these two 
elements. Solidifying – rather than weakening - the existing e -commerce regulatory framework 
enhances the necessary predictability and transparency for businesses and  consumers.  
 
On trade in services, Switzerland hopes that members can agree on a balanced formulation to reflect 
the work of the CTS -SS in the outcome document.  
 
Convening Ministers for MC12 is also an opportunity for showing renewed commitment to the 
multilateral trading system addressing important systemic issues, including WTO reform and dispute 
settlement.  
 
Switzerland believes that reform is necessary and urgent. We are therefore ready to start work 
without delay and to do so in an open -minded manner . 
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  Furthermore, the conference is also an opportunity to refer to major challenges of our time, including 
environmental challenges, and to take stock of the concrete progress made within the initiatives 
emanating from joint statements. This will send a pos itive signal to the various WTO stakeholders . 
Thank you, Madam Chair.  
16. Republic of Korea  
Thank you, Madame Chair (DG) , for convening this informal TNC meeting and giving me the floor.  I 
also thank Chairs of the negotiating groups for their works.  
 
As you said, we don't have much time with MC -12 just 5 weeks away amid exceptional global 
challenges.  We here in Geneva should work hard together before the arrival of our ministers to close 
the existing gaps as much as possible on key outcomes and areas relevant to the current 
environment.   
 
The WTO's current and future pandemic responses, including the TRIPS component, and the 
response to the food crisis are evidently the most urgent issues which need to produce meaningful 
results at MC -12. In addition, the WTO reform should also be a priority and we should strive for a 
successful conclusion on the long awaited fisheries subsidies negotiations.  
 
With renewed momentum and a fresh sense of urgency, we can strike compromises on major issues 
and reach our objectives by displaying enhanced flexibility and undertaking constructive and 
intensive engagement during the process of preparing MC -12.  
 
WTO Res ponse to pandemic / TRIPS Waiver  
Ever since the outbreak of COVID -19, we have grappled with what the WTO should do in response 
to the pandemic -- current and future.  As WTO agreement on both the IP and trade -related 
components is already overdue, my delega tion welcomes the proposed IP -related platform presented 
at the informal TRIPS Council meeting yesterday as well as recent constructive engagement among 
Members under the leadership of Facilitator Ambassador Castillo to narrow down differences on the 
trade-related component of the package during the strategic pause.   
 
In this regard, my delegation believes that transparency, trade facilitation and rest rained export 
restrictions are indispensable elements in the WTO 's pandemic response and we should ensure t hat 
the final outcome delivers a clear message on these issues.   
 
Response to the Food Crisis  
Global food security is at risk due to multifaceted challenges.  Russia 's invasion of Ukraine is further 
stressing our food supply chains, which have already remai ned fragile amid the ongoing pandemic.  
Rising food prices induced by food supply chain disruptions and increasing costs of farming inputs 
such as fertilizer and  fuel are putting pressure on Members that rely heavily on food imports.  
 
It is critical to galv anize collective efforts to mitigate uncertainties in trade environment by 
reinforcing transparency and predictability of the international market.  WTO Members need to strive 
to keep food trade open, predictable and transparent, while refraining from intro ducing unjustified 
trade restrictive measures on agricultural products.  
 
Furthermore, in an unprecedented COVID -19 pandemic  and food crisis  situation, the importance of 
achieving outcomes on the WFP and transparency in the field of agriculture cannot be 
overemphasized.  
 
WTO Reform  
As we are at a critical juncture, reforming the WTO's 3 main pillars is of utmost importance in 
demonstrating that the WTO is still relevant to the people we serve in tackling ever -growing 
challenges in trade.  Korea welcomes the recent new momentum created in the dispute settlement 
system and will actively and constructively participate in future discussions.  I also look forward to 
an open, inclusive and transparent mechanism for in -depth discussion to address reform issues in 
general, including a viable work plan for post MC -12. 
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Fisheries Subsidies  
Regarding fisheries subsidies negotiations, we should respect our current consolidated text as this 
text is a result of long and arduous negotiations among Members for a substantial period of time.  
The figures and specific languages in the text are not arbitrary or haphazard.  From now on up to 
MC-12, Members should make efforts to build on the current text rather than unravel it, reducing 
the number of options for outstand ing issues to the extent possible. In doing so, my delegation will 
continue to constructively engage with other Members.  
 
Lastly, I would like to add that under the circumstances Korea finds practical, if not ideal,  the 
proposed format of the MC -12 outcom e document, as the GC Chair explained, consisting of three 
parts of different nature. I thank you.   
17. Canada  
As we embark on the  final stretch to the twelfth Ministerial Conference, we must remain cognizant 
of the precarious situation facing the world today.  
 
The military actions by the Russian Federation against the sovereign territory and people of Ukraine 
demonstrate a complete disregard for the rules -based international order and threaten us all.  
 
Russia 's attacks are causing widespread humanitarian conse quences and resulting in the senseless 
deaths of innocent people  in Ukraine . 
 
Russia has destroyed much of Ukraine 's ability to supply the world with food and has undermined 
Ukraine 's ability to participate in the multilateral trading system.  
 
Russia 's actions are  also hindering the global economic recovery from COVID -19 and negatively 
impacting global food security.  
 
Russia is solely responsible for this crisis, and its false narrat ives cannot change that.  
 
We must defend a world order where relationships between states are determined not on the basis 
of power, but by international law.  
 
In this respect, I 'd like to reflect for a moment on the role of the rule book that is represented by 
the World Trade Organization, and that of the GATT before it.  
 
The modern trading system was founded on the belief that economic interdependency would 
encourage partnership  and reduce the risk of conflict.  
 
Indeed, the certainty it brought to the commercial relations between Contracting Parties and then 
between Members had largely done just that.  Until now.  
 
The recent events are a reminder that even longstanding  norms  and rules must never be taken for 
granted.  
 
Canada , for its part,  remains steadfast in its commitment to the ideals and objectives of the World 
Trade Organization.  
 
We will continue to advocate for successful outcomes at the 12th Ministerial Conference.  
 
Concl uding negot iations on fisheries subsidies , extending the moratorium on imposing customs 
duties on electronic t ransmissions , and responding  to the pandemic remain priorities for Canada.  
 
The challenges to global food security, exacerbated by Russia 's illega l invasion of Ukraine, highlight 
the importance of open markets and predictable rules -based trade in agriculture.  
 
At MC12 , WTO Members should respond  to the  immediate food security concerns by following the 
principle of "do not harm ". The WTO should call  for policy responses that keep markets open, 
transparent, and predictable to help ensure food moves where it is needed, and  should  resist the WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  urge to implement measures that block trade or could cause long term market distortions . As part 
of this, w e need to agree to exempt World Food Program  purchases from export restrictions.  
 
WTO Members should also agree to a negotiation framework on agriculture to advance the reform 
process and create a more resilient international agriculture trading system.   
 
These two steps would put the WTO on the path to improving each dimension of food security by 
ensuring the availability and acce ssibility of food and the long -term stability of food supplies .  
 
We also expect Members use MC12 to set us on a path that allow s for progress on new  issues and 
to ensure  the restoration of a fully functioning dispute settlement system  and broader reform of the 
Organization.  Thank you.  
18. Vanuatu (Pacific Group)  
I make this statement on behalf of the Pacific Group and we align ourselv es also with the ACP 
statement to be delivered by Jamaica. Our group commends you for convening this TNC meeting to 
take stock of the negotiations as we prepare for the upcoming MC12. We also thank the Chairs of 
the negotiating groups for their Reports. As  other colleagues and Ambassadors have said, time is 
limited, but we must strive to commit ourselves to the work as much as we can, and we must be 
realistic with what we can deliver at MC12 and focus our work on delivering those priorities and 
achieving su ccessful outcomes. We reaffirm our position that the WTO Response to the COVID -19 
Pandemic must be an outcome for MC12, covering both the trade and health aspects as well as 
TRIPS Waiver aspect. We believe that the response must also address the current as  well as future 
pandemics. We welcome the circulation of the draft TRIPS waiver outcome yesterday and we 
recognise that much work lies ahead to advance the discussions and to reach a balanced agreement.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, the Pacific Group continues  to prioritise these negotiations and we agree with 
you and other Members that we must deliver meaningful outcomes at MC12. This means an 
agreement that fulfils the mandate of SDG 14.6 which reduces harmful fishing subsidies and provides 
effective and appr opriate special and differential treatment for developing countries and LDCs. We 
see the Chair's text of 24 November 2021 as providing the contours of an agreement, but more work 
is needed in balancing the text in clarification of certain elements, resolvi ng the issues in brackets 
and more importantly on reaching agreement on S&DT. We stand ready to engage with Members to 
move the text forward.  
 
On agriculture, while we note the continuing divergences amongst Members on the various pillars, 
we support futu re work on domestic support and public stockholding that extends to ne w products 
and special safeguard mechanisms. We believe and will support the decision to brief at MC12 on 
exemption of export restrictions on World Food Programme purchases for humanitar ian reasons. In 
addition, our response to the food security challenges that we now face appears imminent.  
 
On the WTO reforms, the Pacific Group is open to discussions on this issue, and we call for a fair, 
transparent and inclusive process for discussion s. We also support the call for the extension of the 
Work Programme on E -commerce that addresses the digital divide faced by developing countries 
and LDCs and the extension of the moratorium at MC12.  
 
Finally, the Pacific Group supports the position on th e LDC proposal on a smooth transition at MC12.  
19. Chad (LDC Group)  
The LDC Group wishes to commend you for your report and we appreciate the comments shared by 
the Chair of the Negotiating Group. We are delighted to note that we are going to be able to come 
together for MC12 from 12 – 15 June. When the pandemic struck , we faced supply chain issues for 
medicine and later for vaccines , which were slowly but surely made available especially in countries 
in the global north. Today we face another threat, a food c risis due to the fact that some Members 
of our Group are dependent on exports for food products, and in some cases up to a hundred percent 
of wheat is imported for some of our Members. This situation may further worsen as the IMF recently 
published its glo bal growth forecasts indicating that these will go from 6.1% in 2021 to 3.6% in 
2022 and 2023.  Furthermore, due to limited food supplies, rapid inflation will make imports of food 
stuffs even more costly. We welcome your announcement made yesterday that there is an 
agreement on the TRIPS Waiver from the Informal Group of Ministers. The LDC Group als o co-WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  sponsored the original proposal and at this juncture, we believe that this announcement is both 
significant and very warmly welcomed. Our initial response is that this commitment is limited to 
COVID -19 vaccines as it does not include therapeutics. Fur thermore, there is a 3 -to-5-year deadline.  
We are aware of the challenges in reaching this compromise, but we do think that this is a good 
start.  
 
Turning now to the WTO Reform and the Appellate Body issue. We have seen new interest in these 
subjects than ks to debates which took place in the DSB on April 27. To this end , the LDC Group 
recently submitted a revised text, revising our first WTO Reform statement which was submitted in 
2019. Document JOB/GC/223/Rev.1 lays out our priorities and principles vis -à-vis how the WTO 
should operate for notifications, for dispute settlement and for the appellate body. We have added 
other practical suggestions which aim to lay out potential solutions which would be appropriate for 
LDCs.  
 
In our broader discussions on ag riculture, the LDC Group responded to the text circulated by the 
Chair of the Committee on Agriculture in its Special S ession. This is laid out in document JOB/AG/227 
and was reviewed during the most recent committee meeting on 27 April 2022. At that time , we 
underscored the key areas of interest for our group as tied to negotiations currently underway. We 
recently held consultations to negotiate a text which would pull ideas about food security and the 
work carried out by the Chairperson with a view to rea ching a separate statement on this very critical 
subject.  
 
Turning now to fisheries. The LDC Group strongly supports arriving at an agreement. It is clear 
however that some issues have stalled, and these issues will need to be addressed before the draft 
can be submitted to Ministers.  
 
Finally, we wish to recall our statement WT/GC/W/829 on LDC graduation and our interim proposal 
with a view to having a decision by MC12. We also wish to underscore the LDC Group's request 
submitted to the Committee on Trade in Goods on 19 April 2018 – document G/C/W/752. During 
the CTG meeting on 21 and 22 April 2022 we debated this proposal which calls for technical 
modifications in Annex 7 in the agreement on countervailing measures. Graduated or reclassed LDCs 
should be a ble to make use of Annex 7B alongside other developing countries provided that their 
GDP per capita is below 1000 USD. There is a gap here which needs to be addressed to ensure that 
LDCs which have graduated can have access to Annex 7B.  
20. China  
Thank you, D irector -General, for convening today's meeting and also for your report. Thanks also 
go to the Negotiating Chairs and the Facilitator for their reports and their tireless efforts in the past 
weeks and days. I will make comments on two aspects, one is arran gements for meetings, and the 
other on deliverables.  
 
First on arrangements. China fully understands that this Ministerial meeting is different from the 
ones we usually have. In the meantime, as our Ministers are coming to town to make a 3 -minute 
general statement on issues of WTO will be the most important m ultilateral event to them during 
MC12. We understand the limitations in WTO premises, but from China's perspective, if possible, 
allocating a room for all Ministers to deliver their statements, even with limited number of audience, 
will be a more preferabl e arrangement. For thematic sessions, we are looking forward to the early 
dissemination of the information. In the meantime, we do hope that the conversation among our 
Ministers will focus on WTO business as much as possible and will serve the purpose of t he design 
sessions.   
 
Now, on deliverables, as many Members have mentioned that this MC will not be a negotiating one. 
It means that we should speed up the negotiations to reach deliverables as much as we can before 
MC12. China commits to constructively co operate with Members for a successful MC12. In the 
meantime, due to the limited time we should be pragmatic and focus on the possible outcomes - 
specifically our outcome document. China is open to the format the Chair has mentioned. We have 
a very good bas is from our last year's discussion. Agreed elements could be retained, if possible. 
Meanwhile, we shall well manage the description on the issues we are not able to harvest this time. 
The wording shall facilitate the work after MC12, rather than causing mo re divergence or debate.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  On the WTO Response to the Pandemic, the text should be balanced on addressing interests and 
elements of all Members. The principle of not changing Members' existing WTO rights and obligations 
we all agreed before should be well observed. The interests of developing Members should be well 
reflected in the outcome document.  
 
In terms of IP Waiver, China would like to thank DG and DDG Gonzalez for leading and promoting 
their current/the quad discussion. China will continue to activ ely and constructively engage in the 
following discussions with a view to achieving an outcome before MC12.   
 
On WTO Reform, we have reached consensus on some elements, but others need more work. China 
sees this as a must for MC12 as we need Ministers' gui dance for the work after MC12 on this 
important topic.  
 
On fish, we support the Chair's work plan. We hope Members can find the landing zone on various 
remaining issues and we also believe not introducing the new controversial issue is also very 
important  for the possible success.  
 
On agriculture, we appreciate the Chair's efforts, but have not seen a way out for the Chair's text, 
so we have to have more realistic expectation on the possible outcome in this area. On the decision 
on Food Security, we need clear information on how it is going to be organised and what outcomes 
are expected.   
 
Before concluding, I hope the Secretariat could finalise the logistic arrangement of MC12 as soon as 
possible, including the information on thematic sessions.  
21. Jamaica ( ACP Group)  
Thank you, Chair.  The ACP Group believes that the upcoming Ministerial meeting is essential and 
that members should continue to work towards the upcoming dates in June, 2022, as agreed. We 
have not had a Conference since 2017, so we find it critical to have Ministers ' direction for our work 
in Geneva.  
 
Our objectives for MC12 should be realistic and manageable, particularly in view of the limited time 
left for preparation. This could be a stock -taking Ministerial, but we should not close the possibility 
that an opportunity may present itself to maximise the benefits to be derived from such an important 
engagement among Ministers. We believe that the preparatory process for the Conference should 
be inclusive , transparent and open, and the capac ity constraints of small delegations should be 
accommodated in the logistical arrangements, including as it relates to frequency and 
overlapping/sequencing of meetings.  
 
As it relates to the outcome document, we believe that you should move forward with t he mutually 
agreed elements from the former Chair 's latest version in November 2021 as the basis, and we 
encourage members to engage constructively and in a solution -oriented manner.  
 
On the overall format of the outcome document, the ACP Group is flexible . We note suggestions for 
a hybrid format similar to the outcome of MC8. Our view is that outcome documents must properly 
reflect the interest of ACP Group members. If a Chair 's summary becomes, or is among, the most 
practical option based on the proceedin gs of the Conference, such document should be issued 
separately from the other sections of the outcome document and be factual in nature and avoid 
issues that are politically sensitive in the WTO.  
 
We believe that members should also seek to agree on the W TO's response to the Pandemic in 
advance of the next conference, including a mutually acceptable outcome on the TRIPS waiver, as 
this may be the last opportunity to deliver on this matter.  We are collaborating with 278 co -sponsors, 
and we are engaging othe r members in this regard.  
 
On Fisheries, the Group believes that it is possible to achieve an agreement that is faithful to the 
objective of preventing stock depletion and IUU fishing, preserves members ' sovereignty in their 
jurisdictions and their region al/bilateral arrangements, contains effective and appropriate S&DT for 
our Members that includes a de minimis exemption which is not limited to the EEZ in application. 
We believe the agreement must be careful to not trigger the WTO 's involvement in maritim e 
disputes, and should not contain new notification obligations that are burdensome or excessive. WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Members of our group are willing to negotiate on the basis of the last version of the Chair 's text from 
November 2021. However, this text, in its current form , cannot be submitted to ministers, as it 
requires a lot of technical work. We, therefore, call on the Chair to convene meetings with a view to 
resolving the outstanding issues. We take note of Ambassador Wills ' graphical presentation of the 
outcome of his  exercise.  The question that arises is, for example, is, would the graph be different if 
the ACP Group representative was counted as its 62 members? This would have been a better way 
to assess the realities.  
 
On agriculture, we believe that our preparation must be centred around food security, with tangible 
progress on domestic support, cotton, PSH and SSM as well as finalising an agreement on World 
Food Programme purchases.  
 
We recognize that the issue of foo d insecurity is posing a great challenge to several of our members 
owing to a variety of factors, and requires urgent and targeted attention. We, therefore, welcome 
the proposal of some members to prepare textual ideas on the global food security crisis, t hat has 
worsened as a result of the pandemic, for the consideration of Ministers at the upcoming Conference. 
We will actively and constructively engage with these members.  
 
On the approach to WTO reform, we believe it should be framed in a balanced manner to 
accommodate the interests of all. Our paragraph on reform in the outcome document can be the 
basis for discussions going forward.  
 
We also believe that members should seek to reach an agreement on LDCs ' graduation.  
 
On Ecommerce, our group endorses the  reinvigoration of the 1998 Ecommerce Work Programme, 
with emphasis on the development dimension and we are willing to continue our engagement with 
members in Geneva to achieve an agreement on the way forward for the e -commerce and a common 
understanding o n the scope and definition of electronic transactions remain important. The ACP 
Group is also of the view that the moratorium on the application of Subparagraphs 1(b) and 1(c) of 
Article XXIII of GATT 1994 on non -violation and situation complaints to the T RIPS Agreement should 
be permanent.  
 
We should also harvest the work programme on small economies.  
 
Finally, the ACP Group is considering the implications of a process to facilitate expression of political 
sentiments on global developments, we remain inte rested in finding ways that will make the 
Conference efficient, minimises the risk of political tension, and contributes to an environment 
conducive to success. For us, it is most important that there is continuity in the work of the WTO 
and that the Organ isation operates within the parameters of its core mandate. [There may be 
concerns about the use of pre -recorded statement, which we believe could deter ministerial in -
person participation.]  
 
In closing, Chair, the ACP Group reiterate its unending support for an inclusive,  transparent,  open 
and rules -based multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core. We also affirm our commitment 
to engaging constructively towards a successful convening of MC12.  Thank you, Chair.  
22. Malaysia  
Thank You, Madam Director -General.  At the outset, please allow me to congratulate you madam 
D-G for your sterling leadership in steering this organisation during this very challenging time. You 
have shown your mettle through your persistence and perseverance in guiding us all without losing 
sight of our key objectives. Malaysia would also like to thank the Negotiating Groups Chairs for their 
reports and updates on the respective negotiating areas.  
 
Madam Chair,  in the past, WTO has been effective in ensuring that global trade r emains open, 
predictable, and transparent. However, this organisation is currently facing a major challenges, the 
post C OVID -19 pandemic recovery and now geo -political tension. We concur with D -G WTO that all 
Members must play a part to adequately prepare for MC12.  
 
Allow me to advance Malaysia 's views on several critical issues:  
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  WTO response to the pandemic  
It is very regrettable that after two years, Members are still struggling  to deliver concrete steps on 
WTO response to the pandemic, including a poss ible landing zone on the TRIPS Waiver. While the 
pandemic situation has subsided in many parts of the world, the COVID -19 outbreak has exposed 
the 'vulnerabilities ' of our IP system in delivering an inclusive response.  
 
Vaccine inequity remains a major problem, despite  more than 10 billion doses given out worldwide, 
only one per cent have been administered in low -income countries. While developed countries are 
discussing second booster shots, 2.8 billion people around the world  are still waiting to  get their first 
shot. Vaccine inequity jeopardizes the safety of everyone and  contributes  for growing inequalities 
between – and within – countries.  Not only does this state of affairs risk prolonging the pandemic, 
but the lack of equity has many other im pacts, slowing the economic recovery of entire countries, 
global labour markets, public debt payments, and countries ' ability to invest in other priorities.  
 
We reiterate the importance of timely access and affordable diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccines, a nd 
other medical products to effectively contain the spread of COVID -19. We remain cognisant of the 
role of IP in research and development but the fact that only 16 percent of people in low -income 
countries have received at least one dose of the vaccine co mpared to the 72 percent in high -income 
countries proves inequitable access, remains a challenge. Given the need to respond to current and 
future pandemics, an outcome in this area will be a strong testament to WTO 's relevance in the 
upcoming MC12.  
 
Fisheries Subsidies  
Malaysia commends the efforts made by Ambassador Wills and is encouraged by Members ' active 
engagement in the fisheries subsidies negotiations. We have come a long way in the last 20 years. 
With a few weeks left, we need to go the extra mile to address the remaining gaps. Malaysia is 
optimistic that we will be able to deliver an outcome at MC12, provided all Members exercise their 
flexibility.  
 
That being said, we must not forget the existing UN SDG 14.6 mandate to prohibit certain harmful 
fisheries subsidies and placed development as an integral part of the negotiations.  
 
Agriculture  
On Agriculture, Malaysia would like to align ourselves with the statement made by Australia on behalf 
of the Cairns Group.  
 
Malaysia believes that the Chair 's draft text is a good basis for negotiations. With the limited time 
left before MC12, it is crucial for us to continue with the process. Come rain or shine, an outcome 
on agriculture at MC12 is imperative, to deliver a positive signal that the multilateral trading system 
remains relevant in supporting global economic development.  
 
Dispute Settlement Mechanism  
Malaysia would like to reiterate our strong support for a fair, open and non -discriminatory rules -
based multilateral trading system. A fully functionin g two -tier dispute settlement system is 
fundamental to this organisation and must remain the central pillar of this institution.  
 
Malaysia stands ready to work with all Members towards finding tangible solutions for the Appellate 
Body Impasse to restore a fully functioning dispute settlement system.  
 
Development  
On development, we must recogni ze the foundation upon which this multilateral institution was built, 
that is development. SNDT must be embedded in all current and future agreements.  
 
Mada m Chair,  let me conclude by reassuring Malaysia 's continued support of your excellent 
leadership to steer this ship forward. We hope that we can collectively build convergence and deliver 
meaningful results at MC12 and post -COVID -19 economic recovery.  
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  With this, I thank you Madam Chair.  
23. United Kingdom  
Thank you, Director -General. First of all, it has been clear again this afternoon that Russia's invasion 
of Ukraine has been a shock, not least of course to our Ukrainian friends and colleagues who sit here 
while their homeland is under attack. But it has also been a shock to us all emotionally. It has been 
a shock to the international system and of course as we have seen so many delegations' comments 
this afternoon it has been a shock to the international eco nomy and not least to the trade in food.   
 
The second point is that MC12's context has clearly changed, and we can't hide that or pretend it to 
be otherwise. It is important that MC12 responds to those shocks. Not so much the emotional shock 
but first of all that shock to the multilateral system an d that it shows that this part of the multilateral 
system is alive and well and that this Organisation can respond to these crises and that it can 
respond in a way that shows its relevance to our businesses and to our consumers and that means, 
among other things, of course, showing that we have a process of WTO Reform that is going to move 
forward and, as others have said, that this is an Organisation that is not merely going to be able to 
deal with the issues of the past, but also the issues of the future,  those issues of the global commons 
which you and others have referred. But it also of course means that a Ministerial that responds to 
this issue of food insecurity which has been given such prominence by Russia's invasion. And I would 
venture to suggest that that response need not to be about us endorsing a whole new way of subsidy 
or a retreat into autarky, but it does mean showing that, as others have said, that we are going to 
stand up for an open trading system in which agricultural goods and services  can be traded freely 
without export restrictions or other constraints. And it also means or course finding at long last after 
so many years a resolution to this issue of the restrictions on humanitarian purchases by the World 
Food Programme. Hard to imagi ne us coming out of this Ministerial with such prominence to food 
insecurity without resolving that long standing issue.  
 
And three – again as we have heard across this room this afternoon it does mean making a real 
effort over these few weeks that we hav e ahead of us before the Ministerial to make progress across 
all 4 pillars of our work in a substantive and balanced way and yes, that includes fisheries. Thank 
you, Santiago, for all your efforts on that, 20 years is long enough. We don't have time, our f ish, 
our fishing communities, our planet does not have time. And just 2 weeks before the UN's Ocean 
Conference, we need to show that this Organisation can deliver on our sustainable development 
goals. So let me just finish by paying tribute, not just to Sa ntiago, but to all our negotiating chairs 
for their efforts to make progress across all 4 pillars and to you too Director -General for your efforts 
to do the same, your efforts to engage us all in making the progress that we need to make before 
our Minister s arrive here on that sunny afternoon in mid -June and to ensure that this Ministerial is 
indeed a success for this Organisation, for our businesses, for our consumers and yes, for our fish.  
24. Pakistan  
Thank you . Chair, thank you for convening us today and f or your report, and I would like to thank 
the various chairs and facilitators for their reports. I would like to begin by wishing a very Happy Eid 
to all. And while on this, Chair, we appreciate your moving this meeting by a day, as some other 
meetings wer e as well. And thank you for promising to look into how such clashes can be avoided 
in future.  
 
Moving to negotiations, Chair, we are now approaching MC12 with less than 30 working days to go. 
The geo -political situation is at best, uncertain, and our neg otiations continue to be affected. Your 
learning from the IMF/WB spring meetings are well noted, in this regard.  
 
While we are happy to re -engage on Fisheries and Services, On Agriculture, we have had significant 
engagement even if it has not yet borne fru it. We are playing our role to the best of our ability to 
find a meaningful solution on various issues, while recognising that views remain polarised on various 
aspects. We look forward to whatever can be achieved in the time available.  
 
Coupled with that , some challenges are becoming glaringly obvious – ones that Pakistan, along with 
likeminded developing countries have been raising for a long time even before the recent 
international situation. Food security, Chair has been a major challenge for countrie s like ours and 
the issue will confront this organisation and its members more starkly in the coming days. An 
emerging food crisis, as you rightly pointed out. We must find a way to address this.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Chair, the WTO response document could have come earlier, e specially if we have to name it as 
'response to the pandemic '. Though not the demandeurs of the document, we as cosponsors of 278 
have been quite active on this file, even during the strategic pause. But unfortunately, we find that 
like some others, the go alpost on this file continues to be shifted. However, we remain ready to 
respond in a way that could deliver a meaningful, and holistic document that has tangible elements 
of a response or future preparedness. Let me reiterate that the WTO 's preparedness o r response 
document cannot be complete without addressing systemic issues related to economic recovery, 
building resilience, food security, intellectual property challenges, and technology transfer matters.  
 
Moving to the TRIPS waiver, Chair, we have recei ved the text that was circulated yesterday by the 
Chair of the TRIPS Council. We are now in a position to discuss this in detail with our capital and 
provide some input. We thank you for your efforts in providing a document that could possibly see 
the begi nning of some text -based -negotiations. Allow me also to clarify that for us, the waiver 
conclusion in relation to the pandemic is a separate issue from the IP challenges to be discussed for 
future preparedness under the response document.  
 
Chair, we conti nue to call for cooperation and compromise in this organisation, while the 
fundamentals of our approach and negotiations remain competitive. Increasingly we are being 
confronted with issues which demand international cooperation and a special attention to how those 
issues would affect the less developed among us. As pointed out by some colleagues earlier, issues 
of the global commons put us all in the same boat. But we all know that these require cooperative 
and not competitive approaches. Thank you!  
25. Thaila nd 
The approach in the WTO now has reminded me of the movie "for your eyes only". In the TRIPS 
Waiver paper that we have seen - maybe the text was seen by twelve eyes only who were negotiating 
the paper – that is the movie and what we have done in real lif e. Madame Chair, thank for your 
efforts as well as DDG's and General Council Chair as well as all the Negotiating Groups Chairs and 
Ambassador Dacio Castillo.  
 
I agree with the Chair in the beginning that in the Ministerial Conference we should not focus o nly 
on stocktaking, but we also need to have substance for the Ministers to decide, that is our approach 
as well. And I think for the format of the meeting as well as the details of the procedures I trust very 
much in Ambassador Chambovey's ability to cond uct consultations and although Thailand is not 
happy with some of the things that he had proposed we will try to go along with the flow, the 
majority to see how things turn out. If I have some comments, I will pass them on to him bilaterally.  
 
On the outc ome of the meeting, which I heard from Ambassador Chambovey as well as from 
Ambassador Dacio, the three parts approach, we may have some further comments on that to you 
directly as well . I would like to take up a few issues in the interests of time . I think for the draft of 
the waiver that you circulated yesterday , although we fully share views with other Members here, I 
am sure of your great efforts and also DDG to try to come up with the agreement. I am still consulting 
with Capital but there is on e issue that I would like to flag that might be of our concern is that there 
is one unsettled paragraph on who is eligible for the waiver and I heard from several delegations 
that this might be a model for future applications. So not only for me that can b e used not only in 
TRIPS in waiver but in other areas of the WTO negotiations as well and having said that I think we 
need to carefully consider this because it is somehow like a discriminatory which is clear. A threshold 
is a discriminatory measure but wh at implication it might bring if we allow such a threshold, a de 
facto discrimination measure to be put in place on an important issue. What about if I want to have 
a threshold in PSH for example, can I propose that – would that be agreeable - so I just th ink we 
need to think about the systemic implications of this carefully but that is just the first reaction.  
 
On other issues, I am not an "Ambassador No" and I am not also an "Ambassador Yes", but we will 
try to be as flexible as we can in other aspects s o that at least the Ministers will have the waiver and 
the response to the pandemic as an outcome.   
 
On fisheries, I won't say anything much, the Chair knows we have a big redline issue. I am not going 
to bring it up here. We are trying to reach out to con cerned Members and he knows that Thailand 
will always fully support the Chair's text almost in its entirety as it is now but we have certain issues 
we need to iron out.  
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  I just want to talk about agriculture because, of course, we share the views of Ambassador George 
Mina from Australia who has spoken – we have a CAIRNS group – and also, we share with other 
countries the impact that has been having impact on food supplies and logistic global supply chains 
all around the world from the pandemic and now on to the conflicts that have impacted all of us. I 
was listening to others, for today wheat price has gone up 3.5% in one day for the moment, so 
although Thailand does not im port wheat much because we don't eat bread that much it has had an 
impact on other things as well, so I don't think I need to elaborate on these. I'm just saying that I 
share with many who have said that there are two aspects that we need to address on agr iculture 
and food. One is the immediate or emergency issues and short -term issues depends on how you 
think about it and then the other thing we need agriculture and food to be addressed in the long 
term in the structural. Again, I share that view and I thi nk that at least the other developments now 
in the world now have a rest and a clear opportunity that we have to raise importance and awareness 
of how food and agriculture affect everybody around the world, it's not only exporters or importers.  
I think thi s is an opportune time and I don't think we can live with a MC12 that does not have 
anything on agriculture which I also was unhappy when I heard several delegations trying to say 
that the MC should not touch on negotiating issues, namely agriculture and f isheries simply because 
of the geopolitical conflicts among other reasons. I don't think that would be attainable for Thailand 
at least.  So, while we are going to be as flexible as we can on addressing agriculture, food and food 
security Thailand will not accept the PSH as the only outcome on food security. Let me make it very 
clear today, sometimes I try to be too diplomatic, but I am not a diplomat so. I want to make it clear 
that if some countries are making a condition that PSH is everything or other th ings. We cannot 
accept that. We also need some other elements to address these very important issues but again 
we are trying to be pragmatic, flexible and realistic. We try to be all of these but there would be a 
time when we have to draw the line. I would  urge all other Members to be realistic, pragmatic and 
also flexible as well, not only us or some other countries. That should be the spirit of the house and 
let me touch on the last James Bond movie – No time to die – Never say never – Let's do it this ti me 
at the MC12.  
26. New Zealan d 
Thank you very much, Director -General, for your report and for your commitment to delivering a 
streamlined, focused Ministerial meeting that results in credible outcomes. Our delegation is equally 
committed to using these very p recious next few weeks to achieve as much clarity and convergence 
as possible for our Ministers to endorse, finalise and own. We would further like to thank the General 
Council Chair for his report and New Zealand supports Ambassador Chambovey's efforts to  create 
space in the meeting agenda and outcome document for Ministers, as political actors and national 
representatives, to make any necessary political statements. Thank you also to the negotiating 
chairs and Ambassador Castillo for their reports and for  their ongoing work on our collective behalf 
which we enormously appreciate.  
 
On agriculture, the current complements of crises including Russia's war in Ukraine are causing a 
massive deteriorating food security challenge and the FAO advocates a simple cou rse of action and 
response and I quote "We must not shut down our global trade system and exports should not be 
restricted or taxed. Agriculture is essential to the global economy and agricultural trade plays a 
critical role in protecting food security and  livelihoods across the globe including for developing 
countries, yet it is the sector suffering the most distortion and protectionism globally". We agree 
that Ministers will want to engage on the immediate food security crisis when they assemble in 
Geneva , and we already have the means to take the next step forward towards long -term global 
food security. Ministers should set out a clear path for agriculture trade reform on domestic support 
and on public stockholding. As Ambassador Mina said on behalf of th e CAIRNS group – it is both an 
opportunity and an obligation.  
 
We also have that opportunity and obligation to finalise the fisheries subsidies negotiations at MC12. 
We are closer than we have ever been including on the framework for special and differenti al 
treatment and New Zealand would like to encourage the Chair to continue working in the formats 
that flush out the actual extent of convergence and differences amongst the Membership. We think 
that is the Chair's role and then taking plenary opportunitie s as he has today to explain the possible 
solutions to the wider Membership.  
 
Our collective pandemic response must also form part of MC12 saying nothing about the crisis we 
have all experienced over the past 2 years would simply be out of touch and the pa ndemic is not 
actually over, particularly in developing countries, and it will not be the last one. And through an WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  effective trade response, we can still make a meaningful contribution and even possibly save some 
lives. 
 
Finally, for our business community , one of the most meaningful contributions we can make is to 
continue the E -commerce Work Programme and the moratorium.  
 
In conclusion, MC12 is an opportunity to demonstrate our collective commitment to multilateralism, 
to the WTO and to the reform of the WTO. This is in itself an important reason for our Ministers to 
meet. Recent crises of conflict and cost sit on top of 2 other seas, climate change and COVID and 
the trade issues related to those crises are not going to go away by themselves so we must not  
waste this opportunity to address these issues globally.  
27. Indonesia  
Thank you, Chair. At the outset, let me first say Eid Mubarrak to Colleagues who are celebrating Eid 
al-Fitr this week. Indonesia would like to echo other Colleagues who appreciate the de cision to move 
the date of today's meeting to accommodate Eid Mubarrak and appreciate your response, Chair, to 
look into this for future arrangements.  
 
Having said that, I would like to begin by thanking Madam DG for her comprehensive report on the 
curren t state of play of the negotiations in the WTO. Our delegation would like to convey our sincere 
appreciation for your tireless efforts and commitment in advancing the negotiations towards a 
successful Ministerial Conference, which is right around the corne r. Accordingly, we would also like 
to extend our appreciation to the GC chair, the facilitator on the WTO 's response to the pandemic, 
and the negotiating group chairs, for their oral reports as well as their resolute spirit to advance the 
negotiations. Wha t is clear from the previous reports is that in order to deliver meaningful outcomes 
for the people we serve, we need to redouble our efforts to negotiate and work together in finding 
ways forward. It is our belief that this should not be a zero -sum game w here the winner takes all 
but a levelled deliberation where some concession should be made equitably.  
 
Having said that, let me start with the WTO response to the pandemic. Indonesia appreciates the 
recent efforts by Ambassador Castillo, as the facilitato r, to find convergency on this important topic. 
While we note the necessity to have the strategic pause, there is now much confusion due to the 
many documents available before us. Nevertheless, while some parts of the world are healing from 
the pandemic, w e still see the re -emergence of COVID -19 in other parts of the world. Meaning that, 
even though we are more than two years behind, an outcome is still needed to tackle the current 
and future pandemic. In relation with the WTO Response to the Pandemic, for such an outcome to 
be meaningful, it needs to be balanced and holistic, which can only be achieved through a conclusion 
on the TRIPS waiver in the TRIPS Council. And to that end, Indonesia appreciates the work of the 
DG and the Quad on the compromised text . As the text was circulated only yesterday, we are still 
coordinating with the capital for our official response. At this point, our preliminary view is that any 
outcome on this issue should take into account the needs of many developing and least develop ed 
countries for the affordability, accessibility, and availability of vaccines, therapeutics, and 
diagnostics. Furthermore, any agreement on the TRIPS waiver proposal should not undermine or 
supersede existing flexibilities already available in the TRIPS Agreement. It may also be necessary 
for us not only to address the current pandemic, but also to prepare a policy space for another such 
eventuality in the future. Indonesia looks forward to the discussions on this issue, in the appropriate 
forum with the broader Membership, to ensure an outcome by MC12.  
 
On agriculture, Indonesia continues to reiterate the need to deliver on the critical mandated issues 
at the Ministerial Conference. We would like to reiterate the need to reframe the agricultural trade 
rules so that we can rectify the imbalances and move toward a more equitable trading system, which 
allows economic development and fair competition among Members, regardless of their development 
status. The ongoing conflict also adds pressure to developing c ountries and LDCs to provide food to 
our citizens. On that note, a permanent solution for PSH and a strong operable work program on 
SSM remain Indonesia 's priorities for the MC12. The genuine purpose of the PSH is to serve as a 
policy space and instrument to address food security for the majority of developing Members. It is 
never intended as a silver bullet but one that is necessary for some countries. Furthermore, achieving 
a balance and fair outcome in domestic support is also Indonesia 's concern, where addressing AMS 
beyond de minimis should be a priority.  
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  On fisheries subsidies, our delegation believes that the conclusion of the fisheries subsidies 
negotiations at the MC12 is imperative to deliver on the SDG 14.6 mandate. The basic tenet of SDGs 
is to leave no one behind. In so doing, we are of the view that the discipline should not only touch 
upon trade issue, but also take into account the livelihood of the people, especially of poor, small -
scale, and artisanal fishermen. Hence, Indonesia believes t hat we need a strong S&DT to be an 
integral part of the fisheries subsidies negotiating mandate. With some issues still pending, we 
believe that a more in -depth discussion at the technical level is necessary to minimize differences 
and find convergence bef ore being bringing them up to the Ministerial level.  
 
Before concluding my intervention, while we are quite discouraged with the number of outstanding 
issues to be resolved in the next 40 days, we are still hopeful that the MC12 could deliver progress 
and meaningful outcomes. Let me assure you, Chair and colleagues, that Indonesia is fully 
committed to engage with all Members on all these issues. As such, Chair, let me once again reiterate 
Indonesia 's readiness to engage constructively with all Members and  work towards a successful 
MC12 in June.  
28. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia  
Thank you, Madam Chairperson . Before I deliver the statement of today on behalf of the Arab Group, 
I would like to express our sincere appreciations to you Director General for postponing the date of 
this meeting and other formal meetings of this house due to the Islamic celebration of Eid Al -Fitr. 
Your decision allows us and other Muslim delegates and officers to celebrate this occasion among 
our loved ones and families   
 
Back t o the business of today, the Arab Group thanks you Madam Chairperson for your report 
including your assessment and pragmatic suggestions to members on the way forward to MC12. We 
also would like to thank the General Council Chair for his constructive repor t on his recent 
consultations as Facilitator on the WTO 's Response to the Pandemic. Let me also extends our thanks 
to the Chairs of Negotiating Bodies for their reports and assessments.  
 
Madam Chairperson,  the Arab Group, would like to highlight two main a reas as priorities to the 
MC12:  
 
Response to food security  
The global food supply chains today is really at a critical juncture. The double punch of the pandemic 
and the conflict in the Black Sea region have disrupted supply chains of essential food produc ts and 
increased dramatically its prices, depressed economic growth, and slashed expectations for trade 
globally.  
 
As Net Food Importing Developing Countries, the most pressing trade issue confronting us today is 
food security. Even before the conflict in the Black sea region, food prices were already high, for 
many reasons including Covid -19 pandemic and its social, health, and economic impacts on global 
food supply chains.  
 
Therefore, MC12 should be an occasion to address this very challenging issue to e nsure that global 
trade problems and bottlenecks are identified to the extent relevant with a since of urgency here in 
the WTO. Our developmental goals could easily be reversed if we do not find workable solutions to 
tackle this issue. International cooper ation on trade has a key role to play in facing food prices 
increase and removing export restrictions on main food commodities.  
 
Response to COVID -19 pandemic  
The Arab Group believes that, it is crucial for the WTO to deliver a concrete outcome on its res ponse 
to COVID -19 at MC12. We underline that a credible and meaningful response to the pandemic should 
be comprehensive, taking into consideration all aspects, including the IP issues and food security 
considerations.  
 
We urge members to intensify their c onsultations to find appropriate formulations on the basis of 
the amended text to meet the expectations of all countries, including developing and least developed 
countries. We are of the view that the WTO can contribute, not only to responding to the curr ent 
crisis, but also to preparing for future pandemics.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Having said that, let me also to emphasize the Arab Group views on certain topics for MC12:  
 
Fisheries Subsidies  
We have taken note of the recent consultations. While the text is considered as the b asis for the 
negotiations, there are still major, if not conflicting, differences of opinion among Members on 
particular topics, the current text still lacks an adequate balance. We believe that we should redouble 
our efforts and engage constructively with  one another to bridge the gaps, if we want to achieve 
balance and meaningful outcome before MC12. We also think that, allowing more policy space for 
developing members to develop their domestic fisheries in these negotiations will lead to a positive 
outco me.  
 
Agriculture  
We appreciate the Chair's efforts to help members identify areas for potential consensus outcomes 
in the Agriculture 's talks. However, it seems that gaps remain on several issues and members have 
not yet converged sufficiently in many are as of negotiations. We think it would be more realistic and 
practical at this critical time to adjust the level of ambition and that we should perhaps think about 
preparing a well - balanced work programme that will guide the negotiations on agriculture pos t 
MC12.  
 
WTO Reform  
We believe that, an active engagement, a strong political will and a full understanding of the scope 
and elements of the WTO proposed reform are required to advance the reform process. In this 
regard, the Arab Group recognizes the contr ibution that the Riyadh Initiative on the Future of the 
WTO has made by providing an additional opportunity to discuss and reaffirm the balanced objectives 
and foundational principles of the Multilateral Trading System and to demonstrate ongoing political 
support for WTO reform discussions.  
 
We also underscore the importance of a well -functioning Dispute Settlement Body. We therefore 
encourage all Members to double their efforts to restore the credibility and the trust of the WTO 
dispute settlement system and improve its functioning.  
 
Last but not least, on accessions to the WTO:  The Arab region is one of the areas of the world with 
the largest number of countries outside the multilateral trading system. Out of the 22 Arab League 
States, o nly 13 countries are WTO members. We hope that, MC12 should be an opportunity to deliver 
in this area to ensure more universality of the organization.  
 
In this regard, we urge members to conclude, today not tomorrow, the accession of Comoros as an 
LDC. And  underline that the accession of LDCs should be conducted and concluded under a "fast 
track" approach.  
 
Madam Chairperson , time is short, and every single day before MC12 should be used very wisely to 
narrow gaps and find potential landing zones.  
 
Finally, the Arab Group, despite all unprecedented challenges, will spare no efforts in reaching, 
meaningful and balanced outcomes in MC12 that serve the interests of all WTO Members.  Thank 
you. 
29. Sri Lanka  
Thank you and also the Chairs of the respective neg otiating bodies for their reports. For brevity I 
will try to ensure that I will focus only on key issues that are quite dear to my delegation. At the 
outset, we agree with many delegations who have stated that the WTO cannot ignore the current 
realities wh ich the Members are trying to tackle. At MC12 our Ministers could not be ignorant of 
these realities and deal with outcomes that are realistically deliverable. The developmental agenda 
that promotes an inclusive group should take the priority of this insti tution and over many other 
issues. I will not deal with the issues pertaining to the format of the MC12 outcome document today 
due to the time constraints so I will preserve my comments to the forthcoming GC.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  On the WTO Response to the Pandemic, like many  delegations we also commend the work of 
Ambassador Dacio Castillo who is always in our thoughts and wisdom. I think, as has been stated 
repeatedly, this outcome should encompass both solutions, the TRIPS related and other trade related 
solutions. We immen sely appreciate the efforts taken by the Quad countries, DG you and your team 
in working towards a common solution on the first element of this solution.  
 
On the second aspect, there had been an instant intensive engagement under this process and 
Members needed to focus on a balanced response that should not be titled as in favour of few. 
Therefore, WTO Members should refrain from approaching this as a market access issue. From taking 
away available policy space and imposing cumbersome obligations that ser ved to benefit a few.  
While there may be a need to work on supply chain bottlenecks, we don't deny that aspect. We 
believe that issues such as food security, economic resilience and measures that have increased 
Members' ability to deal with the future prep aredness to face such huge challenges are vital 
components.  
 
Regarding Agriculture, Sri Lanka attaches its highest priority for achieving permanent solutions on 
the PSH and SSM. As it is well reflected during the recently concluded WTO food security semin ar 
that food security has become one of the main challenges for developing countries and LDCs. The 
pandemic adverse impact on the food security of poor and vulnerable populations is beyond 
explanation and food security is another critical and mandated issu e for this Organisation. During 
the last few weeks, the differences came into the open on the mandated permanent solution and 
with some Members alleging that the draft text is imbalanced. These views and perspectives are not 
going to be helpful if we are t o deliver a simple, efficient and permanent solution on extending PSH 
for food security purposes to new programmes and new products which my delegation believes to 
be one of the key deliverables. Regarding SSM, Sri Lanka would like to reiterate its call on  Members 
to engage in a very pragmatic way and accomplish the mandate given by Ministers in Nairobi. It is 
indeed of utmost importance for developing countries and LDCs to protect the livelihood of their 
vulnerable and resource poor farmers for which we ne ed an urgent package of measures to address 
the ongoing food crises including revisiting of the Marrakesh decision on the Net Food Importing 
Developing Countries. In this regard, Sri Lanka is willing to submit a paper presenting an area of 
measures to be i n such a package which the Ministers could deliver at MC12.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, there are a number of fundamental issues still remain to be resolved and that 
is our opinion. The special and differential treatment provisions across all pillars, fuel su bsidy, the 
issue of territoriality and the parity between the carve -out provided to the big subsidisers in the 
overcapacity and overfishing pillar and special and differential treatment provisions as well as other 
provisions still remain to be resolved. Du ring the past two months, the fisheries subsidies 
negotiations seem to have remained somewhat dormant and the differences continue to remain as 
they are before us at the last meeting. We look forward to participating at those consultations and 
negotiations  which the Chair intends to hold over the past few weeks. Sri Lanka also believes that 
the time spent on statistical exercise by the Chair of NGR would have been better used in conducting 
realistic consultations among Members to iron out the remaining diff erences on many key articles 
including the S&DT provision. Many delegations commended this exercise to be giving us a good 
message as to how we should be converging on this very important provision of 5.4 - But if you look 
at, as Ambassador of India and Am bassador of Jamaica stated, this particular representative group 
includes only 50 countries. It is only 30% of the WTO Membership.  So how can we derive, because 
Sri Lanka is not in the large circle, it is in that small light blue colour circle. So, I think  by looking at 
some of the data that he demonstrated it looks like that we have gone to a gambling game like 
winner takes it all and the loser doesn't have anything. I just want to conclude my intervention by 
quoting a few words of a song sung by ABBA – The winner takes it all, the loser has to fall - it is 
simple and it's plain - so I shall not be complaining that I am the loser it is going to be . Despite such 
pessimistic waves let me assure my delegation's willingness to work with the rest of the Members,  
turning the table to ensure that we will all be winners at MC12.  
30. Colombia  
Thank you very much, Madam Director -General.  
 
The Delegation of Colombia thanks the chairs of the negotiating groups for their reports and for their 
dedicated work.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Our message is short and simple. MC12 must be a successful Ministerial; it must be a Ministerial 
with concrete outcomes.  
 
Above all, it is a priority for Colombia and for Members to reach an ambitious and definitive 
agreement on fisheries  subsidies. Finalizing this agree ment should be our main objective, and the 
issue on which most of the energies and resources available in the next month should be focused. 
Fisheries must be our highest ambition. It is about concrete disciplines; a new agreement; it is about 
regaining the  status of the Organization as a viable negotiating forum, and contributing to ocean 
sustainability.  
 
Regarding agriculture, Colombia joins and echoes the statements [to be] made by Australia on behalf 
of the Cairns Group. It has always been essential for Colombia to move forward on disciplines, 
especially those relating to domestic support, not only because of their trade -distorting effect but 
also because of the enormous impact they have on sustainability and the environment. Moving 
forward on disciplines on agricultural subsidies would constitute a second contribution by this 
Organization to reducing the climate crisis. To this end, we must continue to work intensively 
together with President Abraham of Costa Rica up until the very last mome nt. 
 
Regarding trade and health and the WTO response to the pandemic, Colombia is more than ready 
to achieve a concrete outcome, both on cross -cutting and intellectual property matters.  
 
Moreover, Madam Director -General, as is well known, we are keenly int erested in contributing to a 
positive reform of the WTO. Achieving outcomes, such as those previously noted, would be a very 
good signal of the beginning of a reform through action.  
 
In short, Madam Director -General, we would like to urge the Membership to  step up its efforts and 
not to be discouraged. The environment, trade, the reputation of this Organization, which we must 
all look after together, are compelling reasons on global issues that we cannot again put off this time 
around.  Thank you, Madam Dire ctor-General.  
31. Ukraine  
First of all, let me express our gratitude to the Secretariat and the WTO Members for the work done 
ahead of MC12. We knowledge tireless efforts of many delegations and Chairs in drafting the text of 
the outcome document, including in  response to the COVID -19 pandemic. Documents prepared last 
year have accurately reflected the state of the multilateral trading system as of November 2021.  
 
We all acknowledge the disastrous effect the COVID -19 pandemic on multilateral trade and the 
urgen t need to overcome its repercussions. We stand by commitment to finding pass to recovery. 
Yet, one cannot remain oblivious to new underling causes of global instability and fragility of trading 
system. On 24th February 2022 a new "plague " has started sprea ding – the outbreak of aggression 
launched by the WTO Member, the Russian Federation.  
 
We are confident that the impact of the full -scale war, launched by Russia, with its catalytic effect 
on international trade will be no less horrendous, than that of th e COVID -19, and numerous 
analytical papers and forecasts by international organizations such as the WTO, FAO, IMF, IGC and 
UNCTAD justify to this.  
 
We as WTO Members are not in the position to ignore the current geopolitical situation, which already 
has c ritical implications for global economy, trade and the multilateral trading system. WTO needs 
to play its important role in deliver solutions to current and long -term challenges.  
 
This being said, I would like to make some comments on the possible MC12 outcome document….  
 
While do agree with this assessment and are worried by the COVID -19 repercussions, our solidarity 
should go to those who suffered the negative effects of the pand emic, as well as to the victims of 
destructive actions of the Russian Federation.  
 
We believe that it would be no exaggeration to state that no one can be neutral  in the current 
circumstance. There is no grey zone… Remain silence, means to silence victims  and to turn a blind 
on eye on sufferings and negative repercussions of the aggression to the world.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  We are convinced that actions undermining current system should be acknowledged and dealt with. 
As we see references to the grave consequences of the COVI D-19 pandemic and to the need for 
global solidarity to address them, the repercussions of Russia's brutal assault on Ukraine should be 
acknowledged in light of new challenges and treats to economic and trade systems.  
 
To remain relevant, WTO needs to deliv er a clear and comprehensive message as to the root causes 
of global instability and we need to work together to find the best possible solutions to overcome 
most pending issues, including on food security.  
 
We are committed to finalize and adopt the outc ome document at the MC12 that would be reflective 
of current state of play and would facilitate necessary solutions.  
 
Thus, we would endorse the work of the WTO Members on adoption of the key Decisions and Work 
Programmes, as well as Reports that will cons titute part II of the outcome document.  
 
On this matter, Ukraine remains firm in assigning agriculture as a priority sector. As eloquently 
reflected in the statement made by Australia on behalf of Cairns group, substantial reform in 
agriculture should remain a core pillar for our common goal of h olding a successful MC12.  
 
In this line, we remain committed and now more than even encourage all Members to support the 
initiative on the exemption of the World Food Programme humanitarian purchases from export 
restrictions that can deliver concrete acti ons to address food crises and help to overcome hunger.  
 
Ukraine shares views of Members on the need to step up cooperation in order to achieve a common 
goal of ensuring timely and universal access to vaccines and other medical products to fight the 
COVID -19 pandemic.  
 
Ukraine remains a strong supporter of moratoriums on customs duties on electronic transmissions 
and on non -violation complaints under the TRIPS Agreement provisions.  
 
We share the view that we need to deliver results on fisheries subsidies an d intensify work to 
progress the reform of the dispute settlement system and the WTO more broadly. Here I would 
ALSO like to note that Russia 's horrific acts in its war against Ukraine, which is contrary to the 
purposes and values of the WTO, brings at the  forefront the issue of urgent need to elaborate on 
the efficient instruments to preserve the ability of the WTO to function effectively and to diminish 
the influence of aggressor country in the Organization. The aggressor should bear the full 
responsibili ty for its actions which paralyze ability of another country to participate and benefit from 
the multilateral trading system.  
 
Regarding the summary report of Members ' positions. It is our understanding that individual opinions 
of each Member will be prop erly outlined in their statements and we will have summary records of 
the meetings of the Ministerial Conference. Therefore, we see no need to duplicate them in summary 
report of Members ' positions.  
 
I would like to conclude by noting that this Ministerial  Conference comes at a very difficult time for 
the global community, which threatens to not only reverse the gains and achievements of past years, 
but also hampers the proper functioning of the multilateral trading system and the economic 
development of th e WTO Members. It is therefore of great importance that our work here contributes 
to the achievement of concrete results, that would promote the development of an effective joint 
response to the current crisis.  
 
We are looking forward to working with the W TO Members on outlined issues.  Thank you!  
32. Türkiye  
Thank you, Madam Chair for convening this meeting.  
 
We would like to thank you, all the Chairs and facilitator for their detailed reports.  
 
Before starting my statement, I would like to echo my colleagues ' expression of appreciation for the 
rescheduling of this meeting due to Eid al Fitr. Taking this opportunity, Eid Mubarak to all colleagues 
celebrating Eid al Fitr.   WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  While we are approaching the long awaited MC12, current geopolitical situation is having a severe 
impact on the world economy which was already battered by the pandemic. Together with climate 
change, natural disasters and drought in some parts of the world, it is creating a perfect storm for 
global food security. In this regard, Türkiye hopes that we can resolve our differences in CoASS 
negotiations as early as possible and take an important step to address global challenges for food 
shortages.  
 
On fisheries subsidies negotiations, we had a good momentum as a result of our intense work last 
year. We can make use of our time for some further technical work to prepare clean texts, if possible 
or, at least, to draft clear options/alternatives for Ministers considering the current draft agreement 
as our basis. Türkiye is ready to constructively eng age in discussions to resolve the remaining gaps 
in the coming fisheries weeks.  
 
Trade and Health is an area which could produce a solid deliverable at MC12. Although we were 
quick and successful to identify and act on the areas where the WTO can be most effective in 
response to the pandemic, it has taken an unduly long time to finaliz e these on paper.  
 
Türkiye  believes our negotiations on this issue should be pragmatic and the resulting text should 
reflect the lessons learnt with the role of trade in responding to the pandemic. In this context, we 
believe a lot of valuable work has gone into the Walker text, wh ich we find to be a balanced document 
in its level of commitment and actions foreseen.  
 
As for the TRIPS Council matters, we believe that IP dimension is indeed a crucial part of the 
response to pandemic. But time is not on our side. We hope that we can f inalize our multilateral 
discussions soon at the TRIPS Council based on the outcome of informal process among some 
members.  
 
The outcome document negotiated last year in November, has some important paragraphs on the 
WTO reform in general and the dispute s ettlement system in particular. This takes me to a recent 
step taken by Türkiye regarding dispute settlement. Last week, on 25 April 2022, we submitted a 
Notice of Appeal under Article 25 of the DSU in line with our Arbitration Agreement with the EU, that 
was previously notified to the WTO.  
 
With this action, while we demonstrated commitment to the two -tiered dispute settlement system, 
it is worth noting that a refunctioning standing Appellate Body continues to be the ultimate ideal. 
This is crucial for the  negotiating and monitoring functions of the WTO to function properly.  
 
The Ministerial is fast approaching and we should intensify our work here in Geneva. With regard to 
preparations before the start of MC12, including discussions on trade and health an d any kind of 
outcome paper, we want them to be fully transparent and inclusive and would like to be a participant 
in whichever format they will be designed.  
 
We hope that outcomes in MC12 can be instrumental in effectively responding to current global 
challenges we are facing and a demonstration of our deep commitment to multilateral trading system 
based on rules.  Thank you.  
33. Uruguay  
Thank you, Madam Director -General.  
 
Uruguay wishes to express its appreciation for the reports submitted by you and the Chai rs of the 
negotiating bodies on the current status of work on the various issues.  
 
For reasons of time and priority for my country, on this occasion I will refer only to the agriculture 
negotiations.  In this regard, first of all, we would like to associate  ourselves with the statement of 
the Cairns Group read out by Australia.  
 
The reform of the rules governing agricultural trade is the main unfinished business of this 
Organization, and is a priority issue for most of its Members.  Laying the groundwork for moving 
ahead with the reform process in all three pillars, in line with the mandate set out in Article 20 of 
the Agreement on Agriculture, is the best contribution we can make today to build resilient, 
sustainable and efficient food systems in the future.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  In this connection, Uruguay considers that Chair Abraham's draft text, although it can and should 
be improved, is the only serious basis we have at this stage on which to move forward on this path.  
 
The possibility of completely replacing parts of the text  with proposals that have not been previously 
discussed, which would result in a fundamental imbalance in the text and not moving towards a 
consensus, would only help to derail the negotiations in the run -up to MC12 and once again delay 
the achievement of a much -needed outcome on agriculture for developing countries.  
 
The WTO can and must contribute to dealing with crisis situations such as the current one, and to 
preventing similar situations in the future.  However, crisis situations should not be used as a 
justification for imposing supposed solutions to complex issues, such as food security, which in reality 
would only lead to taking a backwards step in the reform process on which we have worked so hard 
together to achieve in this House.  Thank you.  
34. Egypt  
Thank you, Madame Director -General, for giving me the floor and for your continued efforts to 
achieve meaningful deliverables at MC12. We also thank the Chairs of the negotiating bodies for 
their reports.  
 
Egypt would like to associate itself with the stat ements by Cameroon and Saudi Arabia on behalf of 
the African and Arab Groups, respectively.  
 
Food Security  
Madame Chair, the current global food security crisis has imposed itself on the WTO and MC12 
Agenda, as a matter of utmost priority, with wider political and social repercussions than the C OVID -
19 pandemic. We welcome the holding of the Food Security Seminar on 26 April, where Egypt 
presented its case, and believe it was as a good opportunity for Members to have a closer look at 
this global crisis  and explore possible solutions.  
 
Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) like Egypt and LDCs are facing immense pressure 
and vulnerability due to the cascading pressures of many multi -faceted crises, including the C OVID -
19 pandemic, climate chang e and the war in Ukraine.  
 
We must immediately come together on how the WTO can deal with the crisis. we need to adopt 
fast-track solutions and cannot be subject to the business -as-usual approach of other discussions at 
the WTO. It is crucial that Members work together to find solutions to ensure that NFIDCs and LDCs 
have sufficient policy space to enhance domestic production and meet their demands from imported 
food supplies.  
 
Access to finance is of critical importance to help the most affected countries mitigate the dire impact 
of the current global food crisis. While the WTO can play an important role in this regard, we urge 
our trade and development partners as well as Inter national Financial Institutions to consider 
establishing financing facilities that enable NFIDCs and LDCs to cover their fast -escalating import 
bills, especially for those countries facing balance of payments challenges due to the unprecedented 
levels of g lobal prices.  
 
Promoting transparency and information exchange concerning food stocks and their exportability is 
of utmost importance. Establishing early warning mechanisms covering global supply & demand is 
also pivotal. It is equally significant that fo od-exporting countries refrain from extensively stockpiling 
grain reserves, or placing export restrictions and other unnecessary barriers, in order to avoid price 
spikes and further market uncertainties.   
 
That said, we encourage Members to work on bringin g more stability and fairness in global food 
markets, improve accessibility to food, and avoid jeopardizing the global efforts to end hunger and 
progressively advance on achieving the sustainable development goals related to food security, 
improving nutrit ion and promoting sustainable agriculture.  
 
My delegation is open to work with all interested delegations on form and substance of what would 
come out of MC12, and on what would need to be examined during a longer timeframe, as part of 
the work program of relevant committees after MC12.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 149 - 
 
   
Extraordinary circumstances require extraordinary measures and solutions. The WTO membership 
is expected to rise to the challenge, mindful that food cannot be treated merely as a traded 
commodity.  
 
We must draw the lessons learned from our recent experience in not responding as of yet to the 
COVID -19 pandemic, when dealing with the current global food crisis. It is inevitable to prove that 
the WTO remains relevant, and we believe that MC12 provides a good opportunity to deli ver in this 
regard.   
 
WTO Response to C OVID -19 Pandemic  
On the Walker process: let me thank Ambassador Dacio Castillo for his efforts.  
 
We reckon that the basis for any discussion on the WTO response should be holistic and captures all 
Members ' concerns, e specially IP, food security and economic recovery. We look forward to engage 
constructively with members in any configuration to reach a consensus.  
 
On the IP issue, although the TRIPS Waiver is central to any response package, it is of utmost 
importance t hat the response should cover the IP aspects beyond the waiver. In this regard, we 
believe that a trigger mechanism should be included in the response to avert embarking on a new 
negotiation track in case of future pandemics or emergencies.  
 
As for the TR IPS Waiver: we thank you Madame DG and the DDG for your perseverance until 
reaching the proposed text, which we consider as a step in the right direction that we will build upon 
at the next TRIPS Council meeting on Friday.  
 
Madame Chair, in conclusion, if we are to reach tangible results by MC12, we need to step up the 
momentum regarding various negotiating tracks. We stand ready to work constructively   and in good 
faith with all Members towards meaningful and balanced outcomes by MC12 and bey ond. I thank 
you. 
35. Russian Federation  
Thank you, Director -General, for convening this informal TNC meeting and for your assessment of 
the current situation and the perspectives of MC -12 in your capacity of the Chair of the TNC. I also 
would like to thank th e Chairs of the negotiating groups and the Chair of General Council for their 
reports.  
 
Since last November, we have achieved a frankly very insufficient progress in negotiations on all key 
issues, including agriculture, fisheries subsidies, trade and heal th, WTO reform. Yet, with just several 
weeks left before the dates of MC -12, when the time is indeed precious, some Members prefer to 
push here their own political agenda instead of concentrating on the issues of the Organization 's 
Mandate and on the MC -12 deliverables. And it 's a bit ridiculous how they tempt to present their 
own political views as the mainstream narrative of the WTO and the joint vision of the whole 
Membership. Evidently, they do not listen to requests and pleas of other Members, first of  all, 
developing countries and LDCs.  
 
It seems that their blames against Russia is just a pretext to justify waging an all -out economic war 
against my country, openly circumventing the WTO 's rules. In fact, it 's their unilateral politically -
driven trade re strictions that represent the true threat to the WTO, paving the way to a complete 
dismantling of the multilateral trading system. We expect a more detailed discussion on that issue 
at the upcoming General Council meeting next week.  
 
Now, back to the envis aged MC -12 outcomes.  
 
Russia 's priorities for MC -12 remain in line with our communication "MC12: Shaping the Package 
Agenda " (JOB/GC/261). This document reflects, inter alia, expectations similar to those of a large 
number of Members on the reform of the WTO, as well as on strengthening of the negotiating 
function of the organization. We express our readiness to work towards th e establishment of a well -
balanced outcome aimed at preserving the rules -based multilateral trading system, including an 
effective dispute settlement dimension.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  At the same time, the recent "friend -shoring " approach to the WTO discussions and negotiations  is 
rather concerning. Such practices endanger the core idea of multilateralism. We believe that 
engagement of all Members in a constructive dialogue is now crucial for prospective functioning of 
the WTO.  
 
On the WTO`s response to the COVID -19 pandemic. W e highly appreciated the report of Ambassador 
Castillo and his efforts to boost this process and to ensure its transparency. We also are looking 
forward to the discussions on the outcome of IP waiver within the TRIPS Council, as a contribution 
to the gener al WTO 's pandemic response.  
 
On fisheries subsidies. We believe that it is still possible to reach an agreement by MC -12 based on 
the current Chair 's text, although, in our view, some of its elements require amendments. For 
example, in article 8.6 we need to address the systemic problem that any subsidy is prohibited if 
notification is not duly submitted. We would welcome indications of realistic landing zones in the 
context of SDT provisions, along with the efforts, demonstrated by the Chair. We also have to finalize 
our discussions on the so -called "territoriality clause " and fuel subsidies. Finally, we would warn 
Members against attempts to remake the main content of the Chair 's text, which ensures quite a 
delicate balance between various views.  
 
On agric ulture. My delegation appreciates the significant efforts of the Chair of the Special Session 
of the Committee on Agriculture Ambassador Gloria Peralta and the Secretariat. We believe that at 
this stage the approaches contained in the document TN/AG/50 cou ld serve as a solid basis for 
further work.  
 
In our opinion, MC -12 can be a step forward in agricultural negotiations, provided that positive 
roadmaps on the most important negotiating tracks are approved in accordance with the general 
objectives of our wo rk as defined in Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture.  
 
There is no doubt that such negotiations should result in an economically meaningful reduction of 
trade-distorting support of agriculture and contribute to further liberalization of agricultural  trade.  
 
However, modalities, mechanisms and formulas for reducing subsidies should be carefully calibrated 
taking into account specificities of national agricultural sector models of Members.  
 
Russia also welcomes and supports the dialogue between Member s towards resolving differences in 
positions on Public Stockholding for food security purposes.  
 
Speaking of the possible MC -12 outcomes, Russia would like to reaffirm its support to the decision 
not to impose export prohibitions or restrictions on foodstuffs purchased for non -commercial 
humanitarian purposes by the World Food Program. We believe that adoption of such a decision at 
the Conference is realistic and are ready to join consensus on this issue.  
 
More generally, on food secu rity – an issue that was raised today by many delegations. We believe 
that it is very important to understand true underlying causes of the current crisis, as well as major 
risks for the agricultural markets. My delegation has a lot to say in this regard, but due to the time 
constraints, I 'll stop here in hope that we 'll have appropriate format and venue to engage in this 
discussion.  
 
On the preparatory process. I would like to support South Africa, Barbados and some other Members, 
who suggested that we sho uld minimize the range of issues to be negotiated by the ministers. In 
the current situation, when we are facing evident difficulties with arranging a truly multilateral 
negotiating process, the idea of a stocktaking meeting in early June, as suggested by the Chair of 
the General Council, seems quite relevant.  
 
Madame Chair, summing up. Having heard the delegations speaking before me, I still very much 
hope that we 'll be able to make full use of MC -12 to ensure keeping the WTO on float and regain its 
effect iveness, and to avoid transforming this benchmark event into a political show, as promoted by 
some Members. My delegation opts for the first and main option and is ready to engage 
constructively with all other Members.  Thank you.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  36. Antigua and Barbuda  
Madam e Chair, thank you for the floor.  
 
This statement is delivered on behalf of the OECS Member States of the World Trade Organization.  
At the outset, we associate ourselves with the statements by Barbados and Jamaica on behalf of the 
CARICOM and ACP Groups r espectively.  
 
Also, thank you and all the Chairs for the reports.  
 
Convening of MC12  
We are exceptionally pleased that there has been agreement to convene the Twelfth Ministerial 
Conference (MC12) from 12 -15 June. Politically and substantively, it is very  important for our 
ministers to meet. We are in the 5th year since the last ministerial conference, and into the 7th year 
since we have had the benefit of a Ministerial Declaration.  
 
The OECS favo urs an MC12 which among other areas, provides guidance on Fisheries Subsidies, 
Agriculture, Work Programme on Small Economies, the E -Commerce Work Programme and 
Moratorium, Trade and Health and WTO Reform.  
 
We also favour a Ministerial Declaration, noting of course the substantive work carried out last year, 
which should be used as a basis to conclude work on this issue ahead of our ministers ' arrival in 
Geneva.   
 
Fisheries Subsidies Negotiations:  
The OECS is disappointed at the slow progress of work since  the start of the year. The text as it 
currently is, cannot be the basis on which our ministers engage. There are still gaps to close in areas 
such as Article 1.2 - non-specific fuel subsidies; Article 2 – definitions; and Article 5.3 – subsidies 
governing  flagged vessels.  
 
Madame Chair, we are yet to resolve the issue of balance between Articles 5.1.1 – the fisheries 
management exemption, and Article 5.4, on Special and Differential Treatment (SDT). Specific to 
SDT, each element should be treated as stand alone. Furthermore, the request for a de minimis 
exemption above 0.7% should also be reflected in the text.  
 
We acknowledge that chairing these negotiations could not have been an easy task and we are 
immensely grateful to Ambassador Wills for his stewardship and the discernable progress which has 
been achieved under his watchful gaze. However, we are not quite w here we need to be in terms of 
giving us the degree of comfort required to finalize the agreement. We invite the Chair of the 
Fisheries Subsidies Negotiations to give positive consideration to our counsel. As has been the case 
throughout, we will remain co nstructive.  
 
Agriculture  
We note the difficulties in the current agriculture negotiations. However, the current environment 
underscores that when we speak to issues in the negotiations concerning public stockholding (PSH), 
Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM ) and Domestic support, amongst others, these are not simply 
esoteric musings.  
 
Therefore, at MC12, we are anticipating progress on PSH. On SSM, the COVID -19 pandemic, global 
supply chain shocks and current disruptions to global food supply on account of the war in Ukraine, 
strengthen our desire for and the need to have access to a tangible SSM.  
 
Regarding Domestic Support, let us preserve Article 6.2. Let us also finalize the World Food 
Programme Decision ahead of MC12.  
 
Work Programme on Small Economie s 
There is a Draft Ministerial Decision which has garnered consensus. We trust that this will continue 
to be the case.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 152 - 
 
  E-commerce  
The OECS looks forward to the renewal of the 1998 Work Programme, including the development 
dimension. We also look forward to a renewal of the moratorium on customs duties on electronic 
transmissions.  
 
Trade and Health  
Madame Director -General, we are very appreciative of your excellent leadership at the political level 
on the TRIPS Waiver discussions. We look forward to a multil ateral outcome on this element which 
takes into account the interests of all Members.  
 
On the WTO 's response to the pandemic, we are eternally grateful to Ambassador Castillo for willingly 
accepting this challenge and ably carrying out the work. We will r emain engaged and constructive 
in this regard.  
 
WTO Reform  
Of urgent priority is resolving the impasse in the dispute settlement system, particularly the 
Appellate Body crisis.  
 
Furthermore, we believe that the bridging paragraph submitted by the ACP las t November can be 
used as a basis for our discussions at MC12. We will support a reform process which is open, 
transparent, inclusive and Members -driven.  
 
Madame Chair, I am obliged.  
37. Peru  
We would like to thank the Chairs of the different negotiating bod ies for their reports, and we would 
like to thank you Director -General in particular for the leadership that you have shown us and your 
laudable efforts to try to reach an agreement with realism and pragmatism. There are various 
concurrent crises that are making our work more difficult and there is no doubt about that. But we 
need to show the political will and good faith to prepare for the next Ministerial Conference and as 
a number of Members have said here there is very little time. Peru, as it has alway s said, will try to 
contribute positively and constructively in order to reach a successful outcome. To save time I will 
just focus on 3 issues which are key for our country.   
 
Firstly, and obviously fisheries subsidies. Peru would like to thank Ambassador Santiago Wills for his 
report and for the consultation process that took place last week and we would like to reiterate our 
full support for his chairmanship. Just 5 weeks before the Ministerial Conference, we are concerned 
that a number of Memb ers seem to have renounced the possibility of achieving an outcome in these 
very important negotiations saying that there is a lack of ambition in the current consolidated text.  
Like many of us, Peru would also like to have a much more ambitious outcome, b ut we are fully 
aware that the worst possible scenario is getting to the Ministerial Conference with empty hands and 
maintaining the status quo. This would be terrible for everyone, particularly for countries like mine 
which have its biodiversity constantl y threatened by vessels that wouldn't be fishing in our waters if 
they didn't have fisheries subsidies. We believe that the current consolidated text is the closest we 
have got so far to reach an agreement and we don't fully agree with some of the provisio ns in the 
text, but we do believe that it is the only tool, the valuable tool that we have, that can help us to 
avoid failure once again.  
 
On substantive issues, Peru believes that given the fact that we have very little time left, we need 
to focus our ef forts on discussing a cross -cutting approach of a special and differential treatment.  
We believe that it is now time to be frank with each other and look for agreements that strike the 
right balance. Allow me to reiterate that for Peru it is particularly i mportant to avoid any attempt to 
try to prevent access to the use of special and differential treatment provisions under fisheries quotas 
without taking into account the amount of subsidies provided. Finally, we would like to reiterate the 
importance of di sciplines on subsidies for fishing in high seas.  We believe that the current provision 
in 5.1 should go back to being a specific provision.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
- 153 - 
 
  And then the other issue obviously is Agriculture. Firstly, we would like to thank Ambassador Mina 
for the statement made on behalf of the CAIRNS group and of course we fully support that. We 
would also like to thank Ambassador Abraham for her report and h er notable efforts to bring to a 
successful conclusion this very difficult process. We are facing a food crisis that will have 
unpredictable impacts and the current circumstances, certainly for countries like mine, because our 
food security depends on impo rts of agricultural inputs, fertilisers in particular, and that is a matter 
of great concern for us. This current context means that we need to underscore the importance of 
having progress on the article 20 process getting closer to a resilient and predict able agriculture 
trading system with rules that have prevented the domestic support that distort markets. We are 
aware of the difficulties and the challenges that remain in order to find consensus in certain critical 
areas of the negotiations but we trust that we can reach an agreement, an outcome as I was saying 
in urgent issues such as avoiding export restrictions for purchases under the World Food Programme 
- that was an important agreement and we believe that we need to deal with food security from all 
angles and Members must not use tools that threaten the food security of other Members and we 
need to work together and look to the long -term to find ways to ensure the availability of agricultural 
products and imports for all. The other issue that I wante d to mention was the WTO Response to 
the Pandemic. Over 2 years since the outbreak began, we need to redouble our efforts in order to 
ensure that this Organisation contributes to a solution to the crisis, and this would send out a clear 
signal on the relev ance and usefulness and need for this Organisation and for the multilateral system 
in general. This response must be a holistic one and must incorporate all of the aspects connected 
with intellectual property and export restrictions and transparency and we  welcome the commitment 
of the Quad on reaching an agreement for the Waiver for COVID vaccines and we believe that it is 
an important step forward in helping to step -up the production of vaccines against COVID -19 and 
ensure their universal and equal access  around the world and this would help us be better prepared 
for the next pandemic.  
38. Panama (GRULAC)  
Thank you, Director -General. I have three statements to make, but the good news is that they are 
all brief. To begin with in Spanish on behalf of GRULAC , the Latin American and Caribbean countries 
would like to thank you and the Chairs of the negotiating bodies for your reports on the state of play 
in the negotiations and indeed our Facilitator on the documents on the pandemic. GRULAC believes 
that it is impo rtant to continue with the very intensive work in the negotiations that we still have 
ahead of us, showing flexibility and with a view to achieving positive outcomes. Members' work in 
the WTO must ensure that the multilateral trading system provides equal conditions for all, 
supporting economic growth and development in our countries. Recent circumstances have 
underscored the vulnerability of essential supply chains of medical goods and services and energy 
as well. And in this context, we recognise that mul tilateralism has been an essential tool for global 
trade. However, we must ensure that it rises to the challenges of the 21st century and that it can 
respond to new circumstances and that is why we would call on all WTO Members to participate 
constructivel y and actively to help to achieve balanced agreements and a significant outcome at 
MC12 and beyond. GRULAC reiterates its commitment to continue to work towards a predictable, 
transparent, non -discriminatory and rules based multilateral trading system. Tha t is our key 
objective.  
 
Second statement – On behalf of the group of Article XII countries . As Members know our group 
expects that current negotiations should result in levelling the imbalances that have accumulated in 
Members' commitments with each new accession negotiation. We believe that to reach a level 
playing field all Members that currently enjoy higher levels of entitlement that maintain significantly 
lower levels of commitments than those they asked of acceding Members will have to make 
signific ant contributions within the ongoing reforms process. We are disappointed that we will not 
have any new accessions by MC12. These used to be one of the main events of previous Ministerial 
Conferences because they strengthen the multilateral trading system and bring us closer to our goal 
of universal Membership. Accessions should also be viewed as important negotiating topics.  
Nevertheless, we are hopeful that the bilateral negotiations particularly on the accession of Comoros 
may be concluded by MC12 so tha t we can see them join the WTO later this year. Our group stands 
ready to engage constructively in order to achieve significant and balanced outcomes.  
 
Allow me to say a few words in my National Capacity. We have heard a lot about how MC12 will not 
be a n egotiating conference and in my experience we always have something to negotiate. In fact, 
there is always something to give to our Ministers in order to conclude the ministerial successfully. 
And we have heard today a few possibilities about some of the d ecisions that could and should be WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  taken. I will mention a few of those in a moment, but at the end of the day everything would have 
to be agreed about 2 weeks in advance of the conference because it would have to be sent to Capitals 
so that we could get co mments and agreement before we could be in a position to say whether we 
agreed to anything that has been presented. So, what I am saying is that we are now at the 11th 
hour. Time is of the essence, and we must be showing this flexibility we have been talki ng about 
and this commitment to withdraw proposals that will not reach consensus and indeed show that we 
are willing to compromise and reach agreement rather than try to impose solutions such as in the 
fisheries subsidies negotiations. Now in the 4 weeks t hat remain, obviously we are not going to 
resolve issues that we haven't been able to resolve in 25 years. Therefore, we will need to focus on 
settling on work programmes in the various pillars of the negotiations and export restrictions 
exceptions for WFP  purchases must be one of the deliverables for MC12 along with other issues that 
we have heard about today. We must also show the necessary political will to achieve substantive 
outcomes on e -commerce and agree on extending the moratorium on e -commerce and  I do believe, 
we hope that we can achieve agreed languages in the process that our Ambassador Aitzhanova of 
Kazakhstan has been leading and that by the Ministerial we can see a clear intention to hold 
exploratory discussions on market access and explore t angible results in that area.  
39. Costa Rica  
Thank you, Madam Director General.   
 
As coordinator of the Joint Initiative on Services Domestic Regulation, I am pleased to report that 
the four participants that had not been able to submit their draft schedules at the time of the 
adoption of the Declaration on the Conclusion of these negotiations on 2 December 2021 have done 
so in the past weeks in line with the timelines set out in the Declaration.   
 
This means that all 67 participants of the Initiative have now  submitted their draft Schedules – 
confirming their strong support for this outcome.  
 
In line with the timeline of December 2022 set out in the Declaration, delegations are now working 
internally to get ready for the start of certification procedures of t he improved commitments on 
services domestic regulation. The participants are confident they are on the right track to meet the 
agreed timeline and they remain committed to implement the Initiative's outcome in the near future.  
 
Switching briefly to Spanis h and say a few words that Ambassador Abraham has asked me to say 
on behalf of Costa Rica.  Costa Rica appreciates your report, as well as those of the chairs and the 
facilitator. Just a few weeks before MC12 the time is to take action and reach agreements.  Costa 
Rica reiterates the importance of achieving results at MC12 with an agreement on fisheries subsidies, 
defining a clear way forward for negotiations in agriculture, agreeing on the WTO's contribution to 
the response to the pandemic and launching the necessary WTO reform, as well as improving 
transparency and notifications and renew the Work Programme and moratorium on Electronic 
Commerce. We also recognize the importance of the issue of food security, and we believe that the 
WTO should also help, from  its perspective, to address this situation, recognizing the multifaceted 
nature of this issue and underlining the importance of maintaining open markets in agricultural trade 
and predictable trade in order to guarantee the supply of food, as well as essen tial products, services 
and inputs for agricultural and food production and supply chains. In this context, moreover, an 
agreement on the decision on the World Food Program purchases is essential. We encourage all 
Members to participate actively and engage  in trying to find solutions in all areas. Costa Rica remains 
committed to this approach.  
 
Thank you very much.   
40. Nepal  
Thank you, Madam Chair, for convening this meeting and giving me the floor.  
 
I commend you for your comprehensive update.   
 
I appreciate all the Chairs of the Negotiating Groups for their briefings in respective areas and their 
valuable contributions.  
 WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  I wish to associate with the statements delivered by Chad, Botswana, and Panama from their 
respective groups, and briefly high light four points in the context of MC12.  
 
First, just and effective multilateral response to the pandemic by integrating diverse interests and 
concerns with a special priority to the LDCs and LLDCs should be the topmost priority of the MC12. 
LDCs and LLDC s have been hit hard by the pandemic and their entire development process has been 
disrupted. Therefore, access to vaccines and other medical goods with a special priority to LDCs and 
LLDCs, TRIPS waiver, and a concrete recovery package for LDCs and LLDCs with sufficient policy 
space should be some of the important aspects of the MC12 outcomes in response to the pandemic. 
We understand that the WTO may not be in a position to extend such support fully through a recovery 
package. However, it would be an impo rtant means and platform for partnership and collaboration 
from global to local levels while building forward better.  
 
Second, reforming the WTO for delivering its mandate in an effective and just manner by taking into 
account the emerging challenges and opportunities has become essential. Ensuring rule -based, 
predictable, transparent and fair multilateral trading system b y bridging the existing gaps both in 
laws and practices such as gaps between founding and acceded members in the level of 
commitments and obligations, as well as in making dispute settlement mechanism functional, among 
others would be some important areas to be considered. The LDC group has recently submitted its 
revised proposal on the WTO reforms and my delegation urges members for considering the proposal 
in a favourable manner.   
 
Third, challenges being faced by recently graduated LDCs are unique and th erefore, ensuring smooth 
transition with sufficient flexibility and continuation of existing facilities for few more years is critical. 
In this context, LDCs expect some concrete outcomes in smooth transition after graduation through 
the MC12. The LDC grou p has shown maximum flexibility by submitting an interim arrangement to 
be decided by the MC12. My delegation requests the entire membership for considering the proposal 
positively.  
 
Fourth, concluding all the mandated negotiations at the maximum possible  level would be another 
important component. For instance, the LDC group has recently submitted its comments on the 
Chair's draft text on agriculture negotiation and the group has shown its flexibility in the draft 
decision on WFP 's food purchase while hav ing discussion with the Chair of the COASS and the team 
of the Agriculture Division. My delegation stands ready to engage with members for concluding the 
mandated negotiations.   
 
To conclude, Madam Chair, my delegation would like to see some concrete outco mes through the 
MC12 to serve the purpose of the organization and stands ready to show flexibility and engage with 
you and membership in the process leading to the meaningful results at the MC12. I thank you.  
41. Trinidad and Tobago  
Thank you, Chair, I wish t o thank you and the various Chairs and Facilitator for your reports and to 
align with the statements of the CARICOM and ACP Groups. In acknowledging the geopolitical 
context that has constrained our progress in the first few months of 2022, I do want to re gister my 
delegation's concern regarding the lack of activity on some key issues for us thus far this year.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, given that there are a number of important elements that remain unresolved 
to date, not least of all SDT and the de minimu s threshold, we would not be in favour of an approach 
that involves placing the November text before Ministers in June. We are concerned that the limited 
activity over the last few months coupled with the previously mentioned constraints could severely 
undermine the possibility of an acceptable outcome on fisheries subsidies at MC12 and so we stand 
ready to intensify engagement in the coming weeks for the aim of satisfactorily addressing key 
outstanding elements.  
 
On electronic commerce, and given the impo rtance you accord to this file, we are hopeful that there 
will be further clarification at next week's General Council meeting regarding the time frame for the 
resumption of these discussions. Our delegation holds the view that it would be important to coa lesce 
around a single draft decision to be brought before our Ministers in June.  
 
We will continue to engage constructively within the context of the CARICOM and ACP Groups on 
the WTO pandemic response and on pandemic preparedness and, finally, we join ot hers in expressing WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  concern about the unfolding food crisis. We stand ready to engage Members on an appropriate MC12 
outcome on this subject.  
42. Chinese Taipei  
Thank you, Madam Chair.  
 
We wish to thank you for your report and your leadership in helping Member s move forward toward 
the long -expected MC12 in this particularly difficult time. We also thank the reports by the GC Chair, 
the Facilitator and Chairs of negotiation groups.  
 
On the issue of what kind of MC12 we are expecting , we agree with the D irector -General  that 
Members should look for delivering concrete results from the Ministerial Conference . Therefore, i n 
addition to taking stock, certain extent of substantive discussions at MC12  leading to delivering 
outcomes would still be useful and desirable, o n the condition that the issues to be presented at 
MC12 are clear and straightforward.  
 
In recent weeks, although discussions in some issues were not moving forward due to some reasons, 
we still see some important progress in some other fields. We hope this is a good beginning of many 
more progress in other areas. For those issues where we mi ght not be able to secure a solid outcome, 
we believe the Ministerial Conference  can still provide direction for future work.  
 
On the outcome document, we are of the view that the text arising from last year 's discussion 
attracts wide supports. That text could be a good basis to work on.  
 
On the WTO's response to the pandemic, in the last few days we are pleased to see meaningful 
progress in the discussion between some Members with different positions and hope to see 
continuous flexibility from Member s so that progress can be expanded.  
 
On TRIPS Waiver, we are pleased to see the draft initial outcome as reflected in the Director -
General' s communication yesterday. While we are still  assessing the outcome, we look forward to 
further efforts toward finali zing the discussion.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, as Ambassador Wills reported, he used a creative approach to assess how 
much difference is there between Members holding different positions. From our perspective, the 
exercise is useful in identifying the real  gaps between Members.  
 
We encourage Ambassador Wills to consider new approaches for other remaining issue s so as to 
know how far away Members ' positions are and to identify the landing zone.  
 
On the response to food security, we agree that Members must s afeguard food supplies and people's 
livelihoods. It is also important to ensure that international food trade is not negatively affected. 
MC12 can address this aspect.  
 
On agriculture, we support Members to set up work plans and continue negotiations on va rious 
agricultural issues.  
 
On WTO reform, we believe that the WTO needs a new way of thinking and proper reform. It is also 
necessary that Members work to formulate new trade rules based on the existing foundation of the 
multilateral architecture so as to  cope with the global new challenges. We support  the Ministerial 
Conference  instructing Members at MC12 to start dialogues on WTO reform, and reach consensus 
on the way forward.  
 
Last, but not least, at this difficult juncture, it is also  a reasonable expe ctation that the Minister ial 
Conference  collectively consider what the WTO can do to address the trade and economic aspects of 
the impact arising from the current war.  I thank you, Chair . 
43. Paraguay  
Thank you, Chair. Since this is the first time we are takin g the floor, my delegation would like to 
welcome those Permanent Representatives who have arrived in Geneva and extend our greetings to 
those who are leaving.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  Chair, Paraguay is very much looking forward to the outcomes of the Twelfth Ministerial Conferenc e 
(MC12). We would like the Ministerial to set out a clear roadmap for further work on the 
post- pandemic economic recovery. We also hope that the WTO Members will work together to 
mitigate the negative impact that the current geopolitical crisis in Europe  is having on the global 
economy and on trade in agricultural products, above all in terms of obstacles to exports as a result 
of the conflict, taking account of Ukraine's role as one of the largest exporters of key foods, and also 
in terms of disruption t o the agricultural production supply chain.  
 
My delegation's view is that outcomes are urgently needed in four priority areas:  
 
Agriculture : my delegation would like to begin by associating itself with the statement made by the 
delegation of Australia on behalf of the Cairns Group. Paraguay's priorities are well known and relate 
to the areas of market access and domestic support. At this time, it is essential that all Members 
work together to agree on work programmes with respect to the eight topics of negotiation in order 
to ensure a balanced outcome.  
 
However, we believe that greater flexibility from some proponents regarding a lasting solution on 
public stockholding for food security would send a very positive signal for this Ministerial Conference, 
or there will be no other outcomes. We await the submission of the harmonized proposal, announced 
by the Members of the G -33, ACP and African  Group. It will be difficult for us to agree on a proposal 
that has yet to be negotiated wi th non -proponents in the time that remains. We appeal for realism 
and pragmatism to work together on a work programme that implements paragraph  8 of the Bali 
Decision and enables negotiations on this topic to be unblocked.  
 
WTO multilateral response to the  pandemic : we support the process facilitated by Ambassador 
Castillo and we believe that it is not the time to reduce the ambition of the declaration and the action 
plan reflected in the Walker 281 document. Commitments on export restrictions, trade facili tation, 
the role of services and inclusive economic recovery are Paraguay's priorities. With respect to the 
intellectual property component, Paraguay is still conducting domestic consultations on the waiver 
commitment text, as a result of the consultations  held by the Quad (United States, European Union, 
India and South Africa), which was circulated after the informal meeting of the TRIPS  Council 
yesterday. Paraguay considers such long -awaited progress as an additional step to unblock 
discussions and, in th at regard, we will continue to work constructively with my delegation in the 
context of the TRIPS Council to reach a negotiated solution that would turn intellectual property into 
an ally to address this and future pandemics.  
 
WTO reform : it is important t o launch a reform process in all functions, giving priority to the 
restoration of the Appellate Body as soon as possible. Without a functional dispute settlement 
system, any new multilateral rules that we negotiate are a dead letter.  
 
Lastly, we hope that during MC12 we will reach a consensus to renew the moratorium and the 1998 
e-commerce work programme; that we will approve the multilateral declaration on SPS 
co-sponsored to date by more than 100 Members; and that we will outline a roadmap for making 
substantial progress on the plurilateral joint initiatives on e -commerce, investment facilitation for 
development, services domestic regulation and  MSMEs.  Thank you.  
44. Tunisia  
Thank you, Chair, for your report and the suggestions and guidance from Members. In th e run up 
to the MC12, we would like to thank the Chairs of the Negotiating Groups and Ambassador Castillo 
for their ongoing commitment and leadership. We wish to seize the opportunity to wish all 
delegations celebrating Eid Al Mubarak, we echo statements m ade by other groups to push back 
some scheduled meetings. We would like to thank the Director -General for her positive engagement, 
and we hope that the Secretariat can avoid such scheduling problems in the future as has been the 
case for other Internationa l Organisations here in Geneva.  
 
We echo the statements made by the African Group and the Arab Group. Mme Chair, despite your 
personal commitment, which we very much appreciate, and the commitment of all Members our 
Organisation is struggling to effective ly and efficiently, as well as swiftly respond to global crises.  
Unfortunately, but logically we have been focusing on our response to future pandemics rather than 
focusing on the situation in many countries especially in Africa. Right now, we hope that ou r response 
to the current food crisis will not see a similar fate. It is also worth noting that this does not simply WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  fall to the Organisation and its Members it is the entire global trading system that is distorting 
development economic resilience which in  our views are the key areas which we should focus on so 
that countries can be prepared to address various crises. We hope that we can address these 
shortcomings. Let me briefly mention my delegation's priorities for MC12.  
 
On agriculture, in light of the  lack of convergence on some points, we think we need to be realistic 
and practical right now. The global efforts to address the food crisis and the lack of livelihoods for 
many people calls for an adequate trade response. It is also of the utmost importan ce that we focus 
on seeing results that address the structural causes of food insecurity including existing asymmetries 
in the agreement on agriculture that would allow countries especially developing countries who tend 
to be net importers of agricultural products to have the necessary political space to support 
development in this sector and bolster their manufacturing capacity. We think that we need to adjust 
our ambitions for other negotiations and work on a well -balanced work programme which will guide 
our work post -MC12.  
 
As for fisheries, we would like to thank the Ambassador for his report. We welcome efforts to achieve 
consensus and we take note of the proposed timetable and hope that the choice of not having open 
plenary meetings does not lead us t o lose the progress that we saw in November of last year. We 
note that some delegations have lost track of the red thread, both within their regional groups and 
relevant groups, and with their Capitals. Paragraphs addressing development such as article 4, 5, 6 
and 7 in brackets don't reassure the least developed and developing countries. We need to swiftly 
address these matters to ensure that many small countries, especially countries with low catch 
levels, can be reassured by the text.  
As for the TRIPS Wa iver, we welcome the results of the consultation process. The text falls below 
our level of expectations and we hope that the ongoing discussions on this base text will allow us to 
seize the opportunity truly offered by this, especially for African countri es which could produce 
COVID vaccines and other types of vaccines which would help to address future pandemics.  
 
As for the WTO's response to the pandemic, and as one of the co -authors of one of the relevant 
documents, we will continue to constructively w ork in this process, interacting positively with all 
groups and addressing all proposals. The text format and structure are not our priority, we hope 
that our main concerns are taken into consideration.  
 
We would like to note the following by way of concl usion. We would like to touch on the format of 
MC12. Our Ministers need to be able to understand how they can participate in the meeting, focusing 
on priorities, timeframes and the political decisions would allow us to better address these matters.  
45. The Ga mbia  
Thank you, Chair, for convening this meeting and for your report and for moving the date to 
accommodate the Eid Al Fitr celebrations. My delegation wishes all Excellences Eid Mubarek. We also 
convey our appreciation to the General Council Chair and Ne gotiating Group Chairs for their reports. 
At the outset, my delegation aligns with the statements delivered by our Group Coordinators. With 
MC12 taking place amid a difficult geopolitical context, it is important that expectations are managed 
and Ministers  are able to provide us with guidance on the key issues affecting international trade 
and this Organisation.  
 
On Agriculture, we would like to thank you and the CoA SS Chair for organising a very successful 
seminar on Food Security last week. I am gratefu l and honoured to have participated as a discussant 
in one of the panels. We hope to see many more of these. Like Excellences we are disappointed in 
the lack of progress in the agricultural negotiations and it is clear that negotiating outcomes on the 
different pillars of agricultural negotiations is not feasible. However, we are hopeful that an outcome 
on World Food Programme purchases can be finalised.  
 
On fisheries subsidies, we have taken note of the Chair's intention to resume intensive work with a 
view to issuing a revised version of the draft agreement by end May. We will do our best to contribute 
to this process and reach a meaningful agreement that will have a positive impact on the 
sustainability of our oceans.   
 
On the TRIPS waiver, we are analys ing the draft outcome that emanated from the Quad process.  
We will work constructively with other Members in the TRIPS Council with a view to reaching a final 
agreement as quickly as possible.  WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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On the response to the pandemic, it is critical that we ensure that the final outcome not only responds 
to COVID -19 pandemic but also it equips us with the tools to be better prepared and build resilience 
for future ones.  
 
Finally, on WTO Reform, we look forward to commencing substantive discussions after MC12 in a 
manner that respects the fundamental principles of transparency and inclusivity and bring back hope 
in multilateralism for all of us.  
 
We must trust in our collective commitment to ensure a suc cessful MC12 despite respective interests' 
challenges experienced during our negotiations. Undoubtedly these are tough and gloomy times for 
all of us, however, we all need optimism, results, hope. The global community needs the WTO and 
multilateralism to w ork more than ever, and yes, this is in our hands and we can deliver positive 
outcomes if we all want it. My optimism is in our collective commitment to strengthening and moving 
forward trade multilateralism and at this 11th hour we must compromise and ste p-down complexities 
and rigidities and be courageous with conviction for the political will to deliver a successful outcome. 
Whenever we do, as recent times have evidenced, we all will be winners and return tomorrow after 
MC12 energised to step -up our cont inuing work to strengthen the WTO and the multilateral trading 
system further and do better at MC13. We can do it. We must do it.  
46. Iceland  
Thank you, DG I would like to start by thanking you for your report as well as the reports from the 
chairs of the neg otiation groups. As we have repeatedly heard today, the context in which the 
upcoming Ministerial Conference takes place is both difficult and challenging. Global markets - still 
recovering from the economic downturn caused by the COVID -19 pandemic - are once again being 
disrupted. This time it is the unjustified and unprovoked attack of Russia on Ukraine that is causing 
the crises. Food security is being put at risk, supply chains are being disrupted and prices are rising, 
putting further pressure on the g lobal economy. It will not be business as usual at this Ministerial 
Conference. However, it is time to reinvest in the multilateral system and commit to finding ways 
forward. Fisheries With regard to the fisheries subsidies negotiation, Iceland would like to thank 
Ambassador Wills for all his efforts, hard work and firm leadership. Despite outstanding issues, we 
are closer to concluding our negotiation to prohibit harmful subsidies than ever before. Agriculture 
On agriculture – the situation has unfortunate ly changed dramatically from last December. Our focus 
now should be on keeping markets open, predictable, and transparent. These are the tools this 
organization can and should apply to support global food security. We support the decision to exempt 
deliver ies to the WFP (World Food Program) from all forms of export restrictions and urge all 
members to do so. Trade and Health And finally – an agreement by the membership on a response 
to the current pandemic and future ones is long overdue. Let´s use the oppo rtunity presented to us 
by the upcoming MC12 to finalize such an arrangement. Thank you, DG  
47. Guatemala  
Thank you, Director -General,  
 
Let me join previous speakers in thanking you for your report and for your assessment about the 
MC12 preparatory process.  
 
I would also like to thank the General Council Chair, the Negotiating Group Chairs and the Facilitator 
on the WTO 's Response to the Pandemic for their respective reports.  
 
Madame Chair, you have convened this informal meeting to undertake a collective reflection on 
where we are in our preparatory process and how best we can prepare for a productive meeting in 
June.   
 
I would make five  brief comments. Let me first start by stating the obvious: there is no substitute 
for political will. In our view, MC12 will be a wonderful opportunity to secure the political will much 
needed in this organization. To succeed, we are convinced that we mus t submit very specific 
questions for decision to our Ministers. If we would like to seek guidance from Ministers and we are 
expecting meaningful outcomes, we would caution against sending texts full of brackets to be 
negotiated at the Ministerial level. Pe rsonally, this will be my seventh WTO Ministerial Conference.  I WT/GC/M/19 8 
 
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  would like to invite the TNC to look at the experience of previous ministerial conferences, where 
successful negotiations have been based on texts with very few square brackets.  
 
Second, polit ical will is insufficient. We also need to change our methods if we want to achieve 
meaningful outcomes. It is clear that we are not going to obtain different results by repeating well -
known positions, as you Director General, have reminded us many times. We are only five weeks 
away from the start of MC12 and we believe that we still have time to deliver. One important and 
meaningful change that could make a significant difference would be shifting the focus on the 
positions and textual proposals on the tab le to the interests, objectives and concerns behind those 
positions. Positions respond to different reasons. It is clear that we all are pursuing different 
objectives, have different interests and experience different concerns. It would be extremely diffic ult 
to reconcile Members ' positions without understanding the reasons supporting them.  
 
Third, negotiations must respond to reasoned explanations and be evidence -based. We understand 
that many positions respond to preferences. However, many disagreements could also be resolved 
by looking at, and understanding the relevant facts and evidence supporting them. The WTO 
Secretariat has been making remarkable contributions in providing Members with pertinent 
information on key areas, like, for example, Covid -19 and international trade. Members should 
capitalize on the Secretariat 's work and request its assistance where needed to take informed 
decisions.  
 
Fourth, we need to calibrate our level of ambition and expectations. Many outcomes are better than 
few outcome s; and few outcomes are better than no outcome. MC12 is not the end of the road and, 
on the contrary, MC12 could lay down the foundations for the much -needed reform in the many 
areas of this organization.  
 
Finally, Guatemala firmly believes that this Organ ization is relevant and plays, and must continue to 
play, an important role in international trade. The list of needs and challenges that require a response 
from the WTO is growing very fast. We must start by prioritizing issues that require our immediate 
attention and lay down the modalities for further negotiations to ensure progressive and incremental 
outcomes.  
 
In closing, Guatemala reiterates that it remains engaged to working constructively with all Members 
and I would be happy to develop further the ideas expressed today. Thank you.  
48. United States  
I agree with a lot of what Guatemala just said, thank you for th at. Everybody, consider yourself 
thanked for your wonderful work, the Chairs, Facilitators, DG. The one thing that I want to mention 
is that we are very comfortable with what the GC Chair has outlined for the Ministerial in terms of 
the outcome document an d the way to proceed. I think that some of the concerns that I have heard 
can be surpassed and so just wanted to be clear that we are comfortable with what has been 
outlined. I completely agree and many of you have heard me say this that we are here to wor k and 
are committed to doing the work and one of our key focus, if not the key focus, is the day after the 
Ministerial and how we move our work forward, so that is what we are trying to keep our eye on.   
 
One thing that I did want to mention in terms of ho w the Ministerial will be conducted is that I share 
China's question about we need a little bit more clarity as soon as possible on the thematic sessions 
and I think this goes to knowing what the agenda is going to be like. What is it that we are going to 
be asking our Ministers to do, so the sooner that we can get a little bit more understanding on that 
the better off we are.  
 
And finally on reform, which is something that we are very committed to and we have the two 
paragraphs, one on dispute settlement was agreed and the other one I think we sort of had 
agreement but we are comfortable with. But the one thing I want to say on reform is that whether 
we have these paragraphs or not, we are committed to reform, we are committed to reform by doing 
and acting  differently and we are doing so. I hope you all know, on the dispute settlement front we 
are engaging conversations and that is how we do reform and I just hope that with respect to 
everything else we change the way we do things and that would be part of reform - is revising and 
maybe shaking up how we do our business here.  
 
__________