DEAS  1145 : 2023 
ICS 75.160.20  
 
© EA C 2023                                                                                                                         First Edition 2023 
 WORKING DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Automotive manual transmission gear oils Extreme Pressure (EP) — 
Specification  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  DEAS 1145:2023  
 
ii © EAC  2023 – All rights reserved  
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 DEAS 1145 : 2023  
© EAC 2023 – All right s reserved  iii 
 Foreword  
Development  of the East Af rican Standards has b een necessit ated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged tha t through 
harmonized stan dardization, trade barriers that are encount ered when goods  and services are exc hanged 
within the Community w ill be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee  (EASC)  mandated to develop and 
issue Ea st African Standards  (EAS ). The Committee is composed of r epresentati ves o f the Nati onal 
Standards Bodies  in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations  in the community .  
East African Standards are de veloped through  Technical  Committees that are representati ve of key 
stakeh olders inc luding government, ac ademia, cons umer groups, priv ate sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the 
Partner States. The comments recei ved are dis cusse d and inco rporated before final ization of s tandards, in 
acco rdance with the Principles and procedures for development of East African Standards . 
East African Standards are subject to  review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users o f the East 
African Standar ds are therefore expe cted to ensu re that they alwa ys have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing .  
The committee responsible for this document is Techni cal Committee EASC/TC 068, Petroleum a nd 
Petroleum Products . 
Attention is dr awn to t he possibility t hat some of  the elements of this document may be subj ect of patent 
rights. EAC shall not be held responsi ble for i dentifying any or all such patent rights . 
 
 DRAFT EAS T AFRIC AN STANDARD  DEAS 1145 : 2023  
 
© EAC 2023 – All rights reserved  1 
 Automotive manual transmission gear oils Extrem e Pressur e (EP) — Specification  
1 Scope   
This Draft East African Standard speci fies requirements, methods of sampling and test for automotive manual 
transmission (extreme pressure) gear oils. The stand ard only covers declares  a minimum performance level of 
GL4. 
2 Normative references   
The following documents are ref erred to in the text in s uch a  way t hat some or all of  their c ontent constitutes 
requirem ents of this  document.  For dated reference s, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edi tion of the referenced document (in cluding any amend ments) applies.  
ASTM D 92 , Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester   
ASTM D97, Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products  
ASTM D445, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and 
Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)  
ASTM D 1298 , Standard  Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and 
Liquid Pe troleum Products by Hydrometer Method  
ASTM D 40 52, Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter  
ASTM D 2270 , Practical for calculating viscosity index fro m kinematic viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C  
ASTM D4057, Standard Practice for Manu al Sa mplin g of Petr oleum and Petroleum  Products  
ASTM D4177 , Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petro leum Products  
SAE J306 , Grade transmission and axle classifica tion 
3 Terms and defi nitions   
For the purposes of this document , the following terms and d efinitions apply.  
ISO and IEC maintain termin ological databases fo r use in s tandardization at  the following addres ses: 
— ISO On line browsing platform: available at http://ww w.iso.org/obp   
3.1  
additives  
material adde d to the lubricant for the purpose of imparting new properties or enhancing existing properties  
3.2 
base oil  
base stock or a blend of two or mor e base stocks used to produce finished lubricants, usually in combination 
with additives  DEAS 1145 : 2023  
2 © EAC  2023 – All rights reserved  
 3.3 
extreme pressure (E P) lubricant  
extreme pressure gear lubricant  made from base oil and extreme pressure additives specifically introduced to 
reduce the effects of metal to metal contact in the operation of high load gears and bearin gs by forming a 
protective film during fric tion conditions  
3.5 
gear oils 
lubricant s made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in automobiles  
3.6 
automotive  manual transmission  
type of transmission in which the gears are changed manually including  manual gearboxes, axles , hypoid 
gears, differentials, transfer boxes.  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1 Autom otive manual transmission  (EP) gear oils shall : 
a) be formulated using base oils and extreme pressure additives  that may be a dded to improve its 
properties as ne cessary to meet the re quirements of the s tandard . 
b) be clear, homogenous, free from water, suspended matter and sediment . 
c) be class ified based on SAE viscosity grades and perform ance designation of  API. 
d) consist of homogeneous petroleum or synthetically prepar ed product or combination thereof, with 
additives necessary to meet the requirements.  
e) be free from water, suspended matter, dust, sediment  or any other extraneous impurities.  
4.1.2 The base oil used  in formulating automotive manual tra nsmission (EP) gear oils shall comply with 
EAS 1103 . 
4.2 Spec ific requirem ents 
4.2.1  Automotive  manual transmission (EP) gear oils shall be classified according to the SAE viscosity 
grades as specified in Table 1.  
4.2.2  The automotive manual transmission (EP) gear oils  may be sold in any of the SAE viscosity monograde 
or multigrade with a range of kinematic viscosity at 100 °C specified in table 1.  DEAS1145 : 2023  
© EAC 2023 – All right s reserved  3 
 Table 1 — SAE J306 grade transmission and axle classifica tion 
SAE Viscosity  
Grades  Maximum 
Tempe rature for 
Viscosity of 150,000 
cP (°C) Kinematic Viscosity  at 100 °C(cSt)  
 
Minimum  Maximum  
70W -55 3.8 – 
75W -40 3.8 – 
80W -26 8.5 – 
85W -12 11.0 – 
65  3.8 5.0 
80 – 7.0 <11.0 
85 – 11.0 <13.5 
90 – 13.5 <18.5 
110 – 18.5 <24.0 
140 – 24.0 <32.5 
190 – 32.5 <41.0 
250 – 41.0 – 
NOTE — W stands for winter.  
 
4.2.3  The automotive manual transmission (EP) gear oils shall comply with the physical and chemical 
requirements prescribed in table 2  when t ested according to the method pr escribed  there in. 
Table 2 — Physical and c hemical requi rements for automotive manual transmission (EP) gear oils 
S/NO.  Characteristic  Requiremen t Test method  
SAE G rade  75W -90 90 80W - 90 85W - 90 140 85W-
140 
i)  Viscosity index 
min. 140 96 101 99 93 97 ASTM D 22 70 
ii)  Pour poin t °C max . -48 -9 -27 -15 -6 -12 ASTM D 97  
iii)  Specific gravity at 
15 ºC, m ax. 0.91 
 0.91 
 0.91 
 0.91 0.91 0.91 ASTM D 1481  
ASTM D  1298  
ASTM D  4052 
iv)  Timken 
OK 
load 
kgf, 
min. GL4 23 23 23 23 23 23 ASTM  D 2509 
ASTM D  2782  
v)  GL5 45 45 45 45 45 45 
vi)  Total acid No., 
KOH, mg/g, max . 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ASTM D 974  
vii)  Flash Point ( CoC) 
˚C, min. 205 224 216 232 238 244 ASTMD 92   
a  
 DEAS 1145 : 2023  
4 © EAC  2023 – All rights reserved  
 5.7  All automotive manual transmission (EP) gear oils  brands marketed  shall ha ve to be enlisted in the API 
directory or licenses or proved that the formulation us ed conforms to the  claimed API classification  or any 
other instituti on through a certification from reputable additive manufacturers.  
6 Packagin g 
6.1  The automotive manual transmission (EP) gear oils shall be packaged in suitable containers that will 
safeguard their quality during transportation and storage.   
6.2 Only containers of the same size filled w ith the pr oduct from t he same batch shall be pack aged 
together.  
6.3 Packaging shall be done only by autho rized entities . 
7 Labelling  
7.1 The following in formation shall be clearly labelled on the  container, or on a label affixed to the container :  
a) name a nd physical address of the manufacturer or supplier  
b) name of the product as “Automotive manual transmission gear oil”; 
c) performance  level (API gl4, gl5…); 
d) viscosity grade of the product (whether monograde or  multigrade);  
e) batch number/ident ification;  
f) net content;  
g) date of manufacture; and 
h) country of origin.  
7.2 For bulk transportation, the above information shall be provided in the documentation accompanying 
the product.  
8 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done according to ASTM D4057  or ASTM D4177 . DEAS1145 : 2023  
© EAC 2023 – All right s reserved  5 
 Annex  A 
(informative)  
 
API axle and manual t ransmission lubricant classification  
A.1 General  
The API, in a joint effort with the SAE and ASTM, has assig ned performance de signatio ns to differentiate the 
various load -carrying capabilities of au tomotive tra nsmission and axle lubrican ts.  
The API axle a nd manual transmission lubricant classification system includes seven classes of service, of 
which two are c urrent.  
A.2 API G L specif ication  
A.2.1 API GL5 (current) extreme pressure (EP)  
Designate s the type o f service characteristic of gear s, particularl y hypoids in automotive axles operated under 
high-speed and/or low -speed, high -torque conditions. Lubricants  qualified under U.S milit ary specification MIL -
L-2105D (formerly ML -L-2105C) satisfy the requirements  of the API GL5 designation.  
A.2.2 API MT -1 (current)  
Designates lubricants intended for non -synchronized manual transmissions used in buses and heavy -duty 
trucks. Lubrican ts meeti ng API MT -1 provide protection against the combination of therma l degradatio n, 
component wear and oil sea l deterioration w hich is not provided by  lubricants meeting only the requirements 
of API GL4 and GL 5.  
A.2.3 API GL -6 (in act ive) – Mild (EP)  
Designate s the type of service characteristic of gears designated with a very high pi nion offset. Such designs 
typically require (g ear) score protection in excess of that provided by API GL 5 gear oils. A shift to more 
modest pinion offset s, coupled with  the obsole scence of original API GL 6 test equipment and procedure, has 
greatly dimini shed the commercial need for API GL 6 gear lubricant.  
A.2.4  API GL 4 (current) – Lower level of EP  
A.2.4.1 Designates the type of service characteristic of spiral -bevel an d hypoid  gears in automotive axles 
operated under moderate speeds and lo ads. These o ils may be used in selected manual transmissio n and 
transaxle applications (user should consult axle/transmission manufacturer specific lubricant 
recommen dations).  
A.2.4.2  While t his service designation is still used commercially to describe l ubricants, s ome test 
equipment used for performance verifi cation is no longer available.  
A.2.5 API GL -3 (obsolete)  
A.2.5.1 Designates the type of service characteris tic of manual tran smission s and spiral -bevel axles 
operating under mild to moderate to sev ere conditio ns of speed and load. The service conditions require a 
lubricant having load - carrying capacities greater than those that will satisfy API GL1 service, bu t below the 
requir ements o f lubricants satisfying API GL4 service.  DEAS 1145 : 2023  
6 © EAC  2023 – All rights reserved  
 A.2.5.2 Gear lubricants  designated for API GL 3 are not intended for hypoid gear applications.  
A.2.6 API GL -2 (obsolete)  
A.2.6.1  Designates the type of service characteristic or automotiv e type worm -gear a xles ope rating under 
such conditions of  load, temperature and sliding ve locities tha t lubricants satisfy for API GL1 will not suff ice.  
A.2.6.2  Products suited for this type of service contain antiwear or very mild extreme -pressure agent s 
which provide pr otection  for worm gears.  
A.2.7 API GL1 (ob solete)  
A.2.7.1  Designates th e type of se rvice characteristics of manual transmissions operating under such mild 
condition of low unit pressures and minimum sliding velocities, that untreated oil  may be used satis factoril y. 
Oxidation and rust inhibitors, d efoamers, and pour depressant s may be use d to improve the characteristics of 
lubricants  intended for this service. Frictional modifiers and extreme pressure additives shall not be utilized.  
A.2.7.2 Due to speeds a nd loads  involved, untreated oil without ox idation and rust inhibitor ad ditives is 
generally not a satisfactory lubricant for many  passenger car manual transmissions. For some truck and 
tractor manual transmissions, untreated oils may be used successfully.  In all cases, the transmission 
manufact urers’ specific lubricant recomm endations sh ould be followed  DEAS1145 : 2023  
© EAC 2023 – All right s reserved  7 
 Bibliography  
TZS 675: 12018, Multipurpose automotive  gear lubricants (E P) – Specification  
 
 WD/TC068/005 : 2023    
 
© EAC 2023 – All rights reserv ed