AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
0 
  
 
 
DRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD  
 
 
Cassava millet  composite flour — Specification  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
1 
 0. Foreword  
The demand for the cassava  millet  composite flour  is increasing  thus, the need to ensure the safety and 
quality of the product produced  and/or marketed in Tanzania.  
 
0.2 In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value 
observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with TZS 4 (See c lause 2).  
 
1 Scope  
 
This Tanzania standard  prescribes  requirements , methods of sampling and test ing for cassava millet 
composite flour for human consumption . 
 
 
2 Normative references   
 
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicatio n of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies.  
 
TZS 4, Rounding off numerical values  
EAS 82:2000, Milled cereal products — Methods of test  
TZS 109, Food Processing units - Code of h ygiene  
TZS 122 -1:2018/ISO 6579 -1: 2017 - Microbiology of the food chain — Horizontal method for the 
detection, enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella - Part 1: Detection of Salmonella spp.  
TZS 125 -3:2018/ ISO 6888 -3:2003 - Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — Horizontal method 
for the enumeration of coagulase -positive staphylococci ( Staphylococcus aureus  and other species) - Part 
3: Detection an d MPN technique for low numbers  
CODEX STAN 193 , Codex general standards for contaminants and toxins in food and feed  
TZS 465: 2010 (3rd Ed), Dried cassava chips — Specification  
TZS 466: 2010 (3rd Ed), Cassava flour — Specification   
TZS 472: 2010 (3rd Ed), Cassava and cassava products — Determination o f total cyanogen’s — 
Enzymatic assay method  
ISO 9648, Sorghum — Determination of tannin content   
TZS 538:2015 /EAS 38:2014  - Labelling of pre -packag ed foods — General requirements  
TZS 688:2017/EAS89:2017 Millet Flour -Specification   AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
2 
 TZS 731: 2018/ ISO 7251:  2006 - Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs -  Horizonta l method for 
the detection and enumeration of presumptive Escherichia coli - Most probable number technique  
TZS 799: 2020 (3rd Ed)/ISO 16050 Foodstuffs -Determination of aflatoxin B 1, and  the t otal content of 
aflatoxins B1,  B2,G1 and G2 in cereals,  nuts and derived products - High performance  liquid 
chromatographic method  
TZS 874: 2006 Pearl millet/ bull brush flour – Specification  
TZS 961:2007/ISO 1666, Starch - Determination of moisture content - Oven -drying method  
TZS 1665: 2014/EAS284:2013 Pearl millet grains – Specification  
TZS 2044:2017/ISO 5985:2002 Animal feeding stuffs – Determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric   
TZS 2426 -1: 2020/ ISO 21527 -1: 2008 - Microbiology of food and animal fee ding stuffs - Horizontal 
method for the enumeration of yeasts and moulds - Part 1: Colony count technique in products with w ater 
activity greater than 0.95  
ISO 24333, Cereals and cereal products - Sampling  
TZS 2476:2019 / ISO 6492 , Animal feeding stuffs -Determination of fat content   
TZS 2480:2019/  ISO 5983 -1:2005 , Animal feeding stuffs - Determination of nitrogen content and 
calculation of crude protein content - Part 1: Kjeldahl method  
ISO 5498, Agricultural food products — Determination of crude fibre cont ent — General method  
 
3 Terms and definitions  
 
For the purpose of this standard, the following term s and definition s shall apply.  
 
3.1 
cassava millet composite flour  
 
flour obtained by blending flours from dried cassava and millet (pearl and/or finger)  
or flour obtained by milling blended  cassava flour/ chips and/or grits and  pearl and/or finger millet  flour 
and/or grains   
 
3.2  
foreign matter  
inorganic matter such as sand, glass, metal, stones, clay , mud and organic matter such as chaff, straw, 
weed see ds and insects or insects fragments, rodent hairs  
 
3.3  
food grade material  
material  that will not transfer non -food chemicals into the food and contains no chemicals which would be 
hazardous to human health  AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
3 
  
 
4 Requirements  
 
4.1 General requirements  
 
4.1.1 Cassava  millet  composite flour  shall be produced from cassava flour,  grits and/or chips complying  
with TZS 466 and/or TZS 465, respectively  and millet grains  or flour  complying with TZS 1665 and TZS 
874, respectively . 
 
4.1.2   Cassava millet  composite f lour shall be  
 
(a) homogen eous in particle size and colour;  
 
(b) practically free of filth and foreign matter;  
 
(c) free from rancid , objectionable odours  or flavours  
 
4.2 Specific  requirements  
 
4.2.1 Particle size  
 
Testing for particle size shall be done in accorda nce with ISO 3588 . Particle size for fine flour 100% shall 
pass through 0.5mm sieve and for medium flour 100% shall pass through 1mm sieve.  
 
 
4.2.2 Cassava  millet composite flour shall conform to the compositional quality requirements shown in 
Table 1.  
 
Table 1 — Compositional requirements  of cassava millet  composite  flour   
 
S/NO  Characteristics  Requirements   Methods of test  
1 Crude fibre content, % by mass on dry 
matter basis, max.  5 ISO 5498  
2 Acid insoluble ash,  % by mass, max.  0.4  TZS 2044  
3 Moistu re content, %, by mass, max.  13.5   TZS 961  
4 Potential cyanide  ,mg/kg,max  10  TZS 472  
5 Protein content,  %, by mass, min.  6.8  TZS 2480  
6 Crude fat, %, by mass, max.  5  TZS 2476  
9 Tannin content,  %, by mass, max.  0.3  ISO 9648  
 
 
 
5 Contaminants  
Cassa va millet composite flour shall comply with the maximum levels of the Codex General Standard for 
Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed (CODEX STAN 193).  
 AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
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 5.1 Pesticide residues  
 
Cassava  millet composite flour shall conform to maximum residue limits for pesticide residues established 
by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity.  
 
5.2 Mycotoxins  
 
 
S/NO  Characteristics  Requirements  Methods of test  
1 Aflatoxin, Total, ppb, max  
 10 
  
 
TZS 799  2 Aflatoxin ,B1,ppb,max  
 5 
 
3 Fumonisins,ppm max  
 2 
 
 
6 Hygiene  
 
Cassava  millet  composite flour  shall be prepared and handled in a hygienic manner in accordance  with 
TZS 109  and shall conform to microbiological limits specified in Table 2 .  
 
 
Table 2 — Microbiological limits for cassava millet  composit e flour   
 
S/N Micro -organism(s)  limits  Method of test  
1 Escherichia coli, cfu/g,  absent  TZS 731  
2 Salmonella , per 25g,  absent  TZS 122 -1 
3 Yeasts and moulds,  cfu/g, max.  104 TZS 2426 -1 
4 Staphylococcus aureus cfu/g max  102 TZS 125 -3 
 
  
 
7 Sampling an d test  
7.1 Sampling  
Sampling of cassava  millet  composite flour shall be done according to ISO 24333.  
 
7.2 Test  
Testing of cassava  millet  composite flour shall be done according to test methods prescribed in Table 1 
and 2 of this standard.  
 
 
8   Weights an d Measures  
 
Cassava  millet  composite flour  shall be packaged in accordance with Weights and Measures 
requirements of the destination country.  
 AFDC 21 (388 ) CD3 
ICS 67.080.20  
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9 Pack ing, marking and labelling  
 
9.1 Pack ing 
Cassava  millet  composite flour shall be pack ed in suitable food gr ade materials,  
9.2 Marking and labelling  
 
In addition to the requirements of TZS 538 ; the following labeling requirements shall apply and shall be 
legibly and indelibly marked  
 
a) the common name of the food to be declared on the label shall be ‘ Cassava  millet composite 
flour'; 
 
b) the net weight;  
 
c) the name and physical address of the manufacturer / distributor;  
 
d) the country of origin;  
 
e) batch number ; 
 
f) date of manufacture and best before date  
 
g) the statement `Human Fo od' shall appear on the package  
 
h) storage condi tions as ‘store in a cool dry place away from contaminants’  
 
i) instructi ons on disposal of used package  
 
j) The language on the label shall be Swahili and /or English Another language may be used 
depending on the designated market.  
 
9.3 The container may also be  marked with TBS Quality Mark.  
 
NOTE: The TBS Standards Mark of Quality may be used by the manufacturers only under license  from 
TBS. Particulars of conditions under which the license  are granted may be obtained from TBS.