RESTRICTED  
  
S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
7 June 2021  
(21-4667) Page: 1/19 
Committee on Specific Commitments    
 
COMPILATION OF CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS IN GATS SCHEDULES  
NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT1 
Revision  
This Revision  has been prepared in response to a request by the Committee on Specific 
Commitments at the meeting of 1 0 March  2021. As requested, i t adds financial services to the initial 
compilation  for the sake of completeness . Therefore, the Note now encompasses  the conditional 
commitments on all sectors in the Schedules of Specific Commitments  under the GATS . As indicated 
previously, f or the p urpose  of this Note,  conditional commitments refer to those entries which 
contain certain condition s attached  to the entry int o force , implementation , or updating of specific  
commitments . Most of the conditions are related to domestic processes. For the sake of 
completeness, this Note also includes th ose entries where the conditions  may appear vague or 
indefinite . 
 
Also as requested, an additional column is included in the compilation to reflect any developments 
in the implementation of  relevant conditional commitments , subject to the availab ility of  information.  
Sources include  notifications , reports of Trade Policy  Review , Services Trade Policy Database of I -
TIP Services , or updates provided by Members  at meetings of the Committee on Specific 
Commitments . Members are invited to verify and complement the information in this respect.   
 
This Note is to serve transparen cy purposes only and is without prejudice to the positions of Members 
and to their rights and obligations under the WTO .  
 
1 This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to 
the positions of Members and to their rights and obligations under the WTO.   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 2 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Albania  
GATS/SC/131  
 7.B Banking  
and other 
financial 
services  
(f) -Derivative  
products  
including but 
not limited to 
futures and 
options  
- exchange 
rate and 
interest rate 
instruments, 
including such 
as swaps, 
forward rate  
arrangement, 
etc. 
 
-transferable 
securities  
- other 
negotiable 
instruments 
and financial 
assets, 
including 
bullion  
 
 Additional 
commitments  Albania will afford market access on a 
national treatment bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the occurrence of the 
earlier of either of the following events: the 
establishment of a prudential regulation with 
respect to the activities in question, or the 
actual appearance of such activities, with 
official authorization or acquiescence, in the 
domestic market.  
 Albania reinforced its legislation in order to incorpora te the Basel 
Committee's prudential principles, the Financial Action Task Force on 
Money Laundering's anti -money laundering recommendations and the 
EU acquis.  
(Para. 30 of WT/TPR/S/337/Rev.1 of 1 August 2016)  
 
The licensing process of a stock exchange is d etermined in Articles 78, 
79 and 80 of Law No. 9879, dated 21 February 2008, "On securities".  
 
Securities dealers : Any company who wants to carry out transactions 
with securities must be established as a joint -stock company 
incorporated in the Republic of  Albania. Foreign securities dealers only 
through an agent established in Albania (the agent does not need to 
have the Albanian nationality nor to be a physical person) or through 
a subsidiary (Decision No. 55 of the AFSA  Board of 30 March 2011, 
amended by  Decision No. 123 of 25 November 2013).  
 
Asset managers : Assets managers are regulated by Law No. 10198, 
of 10 December 2009, "On collective investment undertakings".  
Same treatment of foreign asset managers as Albanian nationals.  
 
Stock exchange : For the time being, there are no companies listed 
in Albania, although the legal possibility to do so exists through the 
Law "On securities" (Articles 78, 79 and 80 of Law No. 9879, dated 
21 February 2008 ). In accordance with Article 3 of Regulation No. 
120, d ated 2 October 2008, "On the licensing and supervision of the 
securities exchange", the shares of a company operating as a stock 
exchange in the territory of Albania may also be owned by a foreign 
stock exchange. Owners of the stock exchange shall be legal  
persons established in Albania or in a country of the EU or the 
OECD.  
(Box 4.6 of WT/TPR/S/337/Rev.1  of 1 August 2016)  
 
Portfolio management services (81323) : 
Decision N° 72 of the Supervisory Council of the Bank of Albania, 
dated 2 June 1999, concerns  the calculation of the Regulatory Capital 
to cover market risks  which  shall mean the risk of loss for on and off 
balance sheet positions as a result of changes in prices of financial 
markets.   
 
(Notification by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/404)  
  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 3 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Albania  
(Cont 'd)  (g) - 
Participation 
in issues of all 
kinds of 
securities, 
including 
underwriting 
and 
placement as 
agent 
(whether 
publicly or 
privately) and 
provision of 
service 
related to 
such issues  
(8132)  
 
(h) Money 
broking 
(81339)  
 
(i) Asset 
manageme nt, 
such as cash 
or portfolio 
management, 
pension fund 
management, 
custodial and 
trust services.  
   All types of services related to banking :  
Decision N° 71 of the Supervisory Council of the Bank of Albania, 
dated 11 September 2002, amends the  Regulation "on granting a 
license to conduct banking activity in the Republic of Albania" . 
(Notification by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/406)  
 
Intermediation services n. e. c. (81199); Financial consultancy 
services (81332); Other services auxiliary to financial intermediation 
(81339) :  
Decision N° 96 of the Supervisory Council of the Bank of Albania, 
dated 26 November 2003, specifies the terms, conditions and 
procedures for the granting of a license to non-bank financial subjects 
to conduct activities . 
(Notification by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/408)  
 
Intermediation services n.e.c (81199); Other services auxiliary to 
financial interm ediation n.e.c (81339) : 
Decision No. 25 of the Supervisory Council of the Bank of Albania, 
dated 29 March 2000, establish es the conditions for the foundation, 
the exercising of banking activities, licensing and supervision of 
cooperative banks by the Bank of Albania, as well as the 
characteristics of these banks.  
(Notification by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/429)  
 
Other services auxiliary to financial intermediation n.e.c. (81339) :  
Decision No. 58 of the Supervisory Council of the Bank of Albania, 
dated 24 July 2002 , permits t he banks licensed from the Bank of 
Albania to conduct banking activit ies linked with precious metal.  
(Notification by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/438)  
 
Albania introduced a number of measures falling under the prudential 
regulation on banking services.  
 
(See notifications by Albania under GATS Article III:3, S/C/N/401; 
S/C/N/409 -411; S/C/427 -428; S/C/N/432)  
  
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- 4 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Armenia  
GATS/SC/137  
 2.B Courier 
Services  
2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
2.D Audiovisual  
Services  
 Additional 
Commitments  If, e.g. based on an international financial 
project, any condition relating to market 
access or national treatment is altered and 
results in a more liberal access, Armenia will 
modify its commitments under this Schedule 
and incorporate the new conditions 
immediately.  Courier and other express postal services are liberalized, and there 
are no restrictions on the participation of foreign investors.  
 
(Para. 78 of WT/TPR/S/228/Rev.1 of 22 April 2010)  
 
Armenia's existing legal framework in telecommunication is more 
liberal than its GATS commitments . The telecom munications  market 
was fully liberalized in 2007  with the elimination  of all monopoly 
rights of  ArmenTel . There are no restrictions on the participation of 
foreign investors in Armenia's telecom sector.  
 
(Para s. 44, 65 and 71 of WT/TPR/S/228/Rev.1  of 22 April 2010)  
 
Bangladesh  
GATS/SC/8/Suppl.1  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
 Additional 
Commitments  The creation of regulatory disciplines is under 
review.  If the outcome of this review permits 
then additional commitments on regulatory 
disciplines will be attached before 1 January 
1998.  Strategic policies for developing a digital Bangladesh and providing 
affordable telecommunication services led to institutional and 
regulatory developments involving the creation of the Ministry of 
Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology in 2014, 
and the issuance of directives on servic es and tariffs. The telecoms 
sector has emerged as a very competitive mobile telephone market 
with significant foreign participation.  
 
(Para. 23 of WT/TPR/S/385/Rev.1  of 21 May 2019; Para. 68 of 
WT/TPR/S/270/Rev.1  of 26 November 2012 )  
 
Brazil  
GATS/SC/13/Suppl.3/
Rev.1  7.A All 
insurance 
and 
insurance -
related 
services  
- Work accident 
insurance  
 Additional 
Commitments  Brazil will undertake commitments regarding 
commercial presence in the work accident 
insurance market within two years after the 
adoption by the National Congress of 
legislation regulating such presence.  
 The National Social Security Institute (INSS) is the sole  
authorized supplier of work accident insurance. The only activity 
monopolized by law is worker's  compensation insurance, w hich is 
provided by the INSS, administered by the Government .  
 
(Para. 131 of WT/TPR/S/75 of 27 September  2000) 
 
 7.B.1) Services 
provided by 
financial 
institutions  
  For factoring services, national treatment shall 
be granted in commercial presence, if these 
services are defined as financial services in 
future legislation adopted by the National 
Congress.  
   
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- 5 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Brunei Darussalam  
GATS/SC/95/Suppl.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
- Local Public 
switched  voice 
telephone 
services  
 
- International 
Public 
switched voice 
telephone  
services  
 
- Public  cellular 
mobile 
telephone 
service  
 Additional 
Commitments  The period of exclusivity for local public 
switched voice telephone services will be 
extended for up to 10 years after privatisation 
of JTB. The government will conduct a review 
of policy with respect to whether to permit 
additional suppliers of such services upon the 
expiry of this period.  
 
The period of exclusivity for the two operators 
expires in year 2010. The government will 
conduct a review of policy with respect to 
whether to permit additional suppliers of such 
services upon the expiry of this period.  
 
Issuance of a licence to provide public cellular 
mobile telephone services employing other 
than AM PS and GSM technologies will be 
considered by the government in year 2010 if 
public interest and economic conditions justify 
the issuance of such licence.  
 The Telecommunications Order 2001 confers upon Authority for Info -
communications Technology Industry  (AITI) the exclusive privilege to 
operate and provide telecommunication systems and services in 
Brunei and allows AITI to issue licences to operators and to manage 
the radio communications spectrum .  
 
Under the Telecommunication Successor Company Order 20 01, JTB 
was transformed into Telekom Brunei (TelBru), a state -owned 
company registered under the Companies Act . Telekom Brunei 
(TelBru)  continues to be the only operator in the fixed -line market.  
 
Competition in Brunei's mobile telephony market was introduced in 
2005. Nonetheless, there are only two mobile operators .  
 
(Paras. 4.100, 4.101 and 4.102 of WT/TPR/S/309/Rev.1  of 7 April 
2015)  
 
Cambodia  
GATS/SC/140  
 7. FINANCIAL 
SERVICES  
- Banking and 
other financial 
services  Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 Unbound for subsectors (f) – (l), until the 
Government of Cambodia determines what 
types of entities can conduct these services, 
the related laws and regulation are 
established, and such busines s is authorized 
by the government or other relevant 
designated authority.  
 Since 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Cambodia 
(SECC) has assisted the Government on the strategic and regulatory 
aspects of the securities market in Cambodia as well as on the 
licensing of all relevant securities -related operators, including the 
securities market operator, securities depository, clearance and 
settlement of facility operators, underwriters, dealers, brokers, 
investment advisors, securit ies representatives, investment advisory 
representatives, securities -specialized accounting firms, cash 
settlement agents, securities registrars, securities transfer agents 
and paying agents.  
 
Since 2011, the Cambodian Stock Exchange (CSX), a joint venture  
between the Government of Cambodia and Korea Exchange (KRX), 
has offered increased access to the equity capital markets in 
Cambodia.   
  
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- 6 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Cambodia  
(Cont 'd)  
    The main legislations  include : the Law on the Issuance and Trading 
of Non -Government Securities, dated 19 October 2007 (Securities 
Law) and its implementing Sub -decree No. 54, dated 8 April 2009 
(Securities Sub -decree); implementing regulations issued by the 
SECC; and the Law on Govern ment Securities, dated 10 January 
2007 (Government Securities Law).   
 
(Paras. 4.80, 4.81 and 4.83 of WT/TPR/S/364/Rev.2  of 27 March 
2018)  
 
Egypt  
GATS/SC/30/Suppl.3  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
 Footnote  Continuation of ENT beyond 31/12/2005 shall 
be subject to consultations between Egypt 
and WTO Members, taking into consideration 
progress of the CTS discussions on ENT.  The license guidelines state that the National Telecommunication 
Regulatory Authority (NTRA)  shall examine the application from the 
technical, financial and economic aspects.  
 
(The Rules & Conditions Of The Award Of Licence  To Establish 
Telecom Networks and Provide  Telecom Services  
In A.R.E ) 
 
European Union  
GATS/SC/157  
 7. FINANCIAL 
SERVICES  
 Headnote  
(first part)  
 Hungary:  
- Legislation permitting market access of 
branches is currently being prepared. Details 
and conditions to apply are still being 
determined. It is intended to bind the effects 
of this legislation as soon as it has been 
adopted.  
 Hungary:  
Foreign branches are allowed in the financial services sector. For 
insurance services, t he central branch office (branch capital) must 
be located in Hungary.  
 
Please refer to  Article 4(1) of Act CCXXXVII of 2013 on credit 
institutions and financial enterprises ; Article 48 in conjunction with  
6(1) of Act LXXXVIII of 2014 on Insurance Activities ; Articles 162 -
175 of Directive 2009/138/EC of 25 November 2009 Solvency II .  
 
(Retrieved from the Services Trade Policy Database of I-TIP 
Services , based on  the OECD STRI regulatory database ) 
 
 7.A Insurance 
and Insurance -
Related 
Services  
(second part)  
 Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
2 
 Slovenia:  
Reinsurance and retrocession  
Reinsurance companies in the Republic of 
Slovenia have priority in the collection of 
insurance premiums.  
In case that these companies are not able to 
equalise all risks, these can be reinsured and 
retroceded abroad. (None upon the adoption 
of the new law on Insurance Companies).  
 
 Slovenia (Reinsurance and retrocession):  
There are no limits on foreign participation in the reinsurance 
sector. There are no restrictions on the establishment of foreign 
branches.  
 
Please refer to Articles 21, 137 -139 of Insurance Act (Official 
Gazette of RS, no. 93/2015 ); Articles 162 -175 of Directive 
2009/138/EC of 25 November 2009 Solvency II . 
 
(Retrieved from the Services Trade Policy Database of I -TIP 
Services, based on the OECD STRI regulatory database ) 
  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 7 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
European Union 
(Cont'd)  
  Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 
 Reinsurance and retrocession Foreign 
participation in reinsurance company is 
limited up to a controlling share of the capital. 
(None, except for branches, upon the 
adoption of the new law on Insurance 
Companies)  
  
 7.B Banking 
and other 
financial 
services 
(excluding 
insurance)  
(second part)  Limitations 
on market 
access  
Modes 1&2  
 Slovenia:  
- Unbound except accepting credits 
(borrowing of all types) and accepting 
guarantees and commitments from foreign 
credit institutions by domestic legal entities 
and sole proprietors. (Remark: consumer 
credits shall be free upon the adoption of the 
new Foreign Exchange Law).  
- All above mentioned credit arrangements 
must be registered with the Bank of Slovenia. 
(Remark: this provision shall be abolished 
upon the adopti on of the new Law on 
Banking.)  
 Slovenia (Banking and other financial services):  
 
  Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 Slovenia:  
- Foreign persons may become shareholders 
of banks or acquire additional shares of banks 
only subject to prior approval of the Bank of 
Slovenia. (Remark: this provision shall be 
abolished upon the adoption of the new Law 
on Banking.)  
 
 - When considering issuing a licence to a 
bank to set up as a wholly -owned or with a 
majority of foreign investors or approval of 
acquiring additional shares of banks; the Bank 
of Slovenia shall take into account the 
following guidelines:  
 - the existence of investors from 
different countries;  
 - the opinion of the foreign institution 
in change of banking supervision.   
 Any person intending to acquire bank shares in order to achieve or 
exceed a  qualifying holding shall obtain authorisation from the Bank 
of Slovenia prior to acquiring such a holding in a bank . 
 
The provision of banking services is subject to authorisation as l aid 
out in Articles 97 to 102 of the Banking Act. In connection with the 
assessment of a request to issue authorisation to  provide banking 
service s, the Bank of Slovenia shall obtain the opinion of the 
supervisory authority of a Member State, primarily wit h regard to 
circumstances that are  important for the assessment of the 
suitability of holders of qualifying holdings, and the  assessment of 
the reputation and experience of members of the bank 's governance 
bodies  who participate in the management of other companies 
within a group that are deemed  important.  
 
(Articles 60 -75 and 97 -102 of Banking Act, Official Gazette of RS, 
no. 25/15 ) 
 
  
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- 8 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
European Union 
(Cont'd)  
   (Remark: this provision shall be abolished on 
the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)  
Original footnote : Besides the amount of the 
capital the Bank of Slovenia shall, when 
considering issuing an unlimited or a limited 
banking licence also take into account the 
following guidelines (for both domestic and 
foreign applicants)  
-   the national -economic preferences 
for certain banking activities;  
-   the existing regional coverage of 
the Republic of Slovenia by banks;  
-   the actual bank's performance of 
activities compared to those   
stipulated by the existing licence.  
(Remark:  this provision sha ll be abolished 
upon the adoption of the new Law on 
Banking.)  
  
   - Branches of foreign banks must be 
incorporated in the Republic of Slovenia and 
have legal personality.  
(Remark: this provision shall be abolished 
upon the adoption of the new Law on 
Banking.)  
 According to the Directive 2013/36/EU, t he conditions for the 
authorisation of a foreign credit institution cannot give rise to a 
more favourable treatment than the one from which benefit the 
remaining credit institutions. This implies that thir d country 
branches are authorised.  
 
The Bank of Slovenia may make the issuing of the authorisation 
conditional to establish a branch by a third -country bank by 
requiring that the parent bank deposits a certain amount of money 
or other appropriate financial asset in the Republic of Slovenia, or 
submits another appropriate insurance as a guarantee for the 
settlement of liabilities arising from transactions concluded in the 
Republic of Slovenia.   
 
Please refer to Articles 35, 36 and 47 of  Directive 2013/36/EU of the 
European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access 
to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of 
credit institutions and investment firms ; Articles 120 -124 of Banking 
Act (Official Gazett e of RS, no. 25/15 ).  
 
(Retrieved from the Services Trade Policy Database of I -TIP 
Services, based on  the OECD STRI regulatory database ) 
  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 9 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
European Union  
(Cont'd)    Foreign persons may become shareholders or 
partners in a Stock Broking Company up to 
24% of the capital of the Stock Broking 
Company by prior approval of the Securities 
Market Agency. (Remark: this provision shall 
be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law 
on Securities Market.)  
  
Ghana  
GATS/SC/35/Suppl.1  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
(a) Voice 
telephone 
services 
(7521)  
(g) Private 
leased 
circuit 
service 
(7522**, 
7523**) 
 Additional 
Commitments  The duopoly operators are granted exclusivity 
for a period of five years. At the expiration of 
this period, the Government will conduct a 
review of its policy to determine whether to 
license additional suppliers of such services.  The National Communications Regulations of 2003 constitute the 
regulatory framework for the telecom sub -sector. The main 
objectives of the National Teleco mmunications Policy, published in 
2004, were to achieve fully open, private, and competitive markets 
for all telecom services.  
 
Ghana's commitments regarding the telecommunication sector 
under the GATS were limited by the duopoly arrangements that 
prevaile d at the time. In fact, Ghana's current market access and 
national treatment conditions are very favourable to foreigners, and 
most of the companies operating are foreign -owned. Specifically, 
most of the limitations in its Schedule are no longer in force .  
 
(Para. 4.134  and 4.138 of WT/TPR/S/298/Rev.1  of 11 July 2014)  
 
Hong Kong, China  
GATS/SC/39/Suppl.2  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
- Local services  
  (a)-(g); (o)  
 Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 Four licences  for local fixed network services 
were issued in 1995.  New licences will not be 
considered before June 1998.  Whether more 
licences will be issued thereafter is subject to 
review in 1998.  Local fixed telecommunication network services ha ve been fully 
liberalized since January  2003.  
(Notification under Article III:3 of the GATS , S/C/N/312 , dated 28 
January 2005 ; statement by Hong Kong, China at the CSC meeting 
of 2 December 2020. Para. 2.7 of S/CSC/M/84 )  
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- 10 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
India 
GATS/SC/42/Suppl.3  2.C  
Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
(a) Voice 
telephone 
service (CPC 
7521**)  
Wire based (i.e. 
for fixed 
network of 
subscribers)  
 
 
(o) Other  
Cellular mobile 
telephone      
services  
 Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 
 
Additional 
Commitments  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 
 There will be one operator other than 
Department of Telecommunications 
(DOT)/Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. 
(MTNL) in each service area for a period of 10 
years from the grant of licence after which the 
position will be reviewed.  
 
The subjec t of opening up of  national 
long-distance service beyond service area to 
competition will be reviewed in the year 1999.  
Also, the subject of opening up of international 
service to competition will be reviewed in the 
year 2004.  
 
There will be two cellular s ervice operators in 
each service area.  The position will be 
reviewed after 10 years . 
 Competition was allowed from the private sector in value -added 
telecommunication services  and cellular mobile telephone services 
(CMTS) in 1992, followed by fixed line local telephone  services in 
1994. The New Telecommunications Policy, 1999 (NTP 99)  sought to 
address  improving efficiency by establishing a more  
competitive environment for the sector .  
 
Under the new policy, fixed -line service providers (FSPs) and  cellular 
mobile service providers (CSMPs) will be granted non -exclusive 
licences for individual  service areas for an initial period of 20 years, 
extendable by additional ten -year periods . 
 
Private -sector participation in domestic long -distance telephony wa s 
permitted in August 2000, followed by  
international long -distance voice telephony on 1 April 2002 (two years 
ahead of India's commitments  in the GATS).  
 
As a result of these steps, all telecommunication services are now 
open to private  participation and competition.  
 
(Para. 98 of WT/TPR/S/100  of 22 May 2002)  
 
Indonesia  
GATS/SC/43/Suppl.2  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
- Local services  
 
 
- Long distance 
services  
 
 
 
 
- International 
services  
 Additional 
Commitments  The period of exclusivity for local services 
expires in 2011.  The Government will conduct 
a review of policy with respect to whether to 
permit additional suppliers of such services 
upon the expiry of this period.  
 
The period of exclusivity for long distance 
services expires in 2006.  The Gove rnment will 
conduct a review of policy with respect to 
whether to permit additional suppliers of such 
services upon the expiry of this period.  
 
The period of exclusivity for international 
services expires in 2005.  The Government will 
conduct a review of po licy with respect to 
whether to permit additional suppliers of such 
services upon the expiry of this period.  
 In 2002, the Government ended Telkom's exclusive rights to provide 
fixed-line services in Indonesia. The Government also sold 42% of its 
shares in Indonesian Satellite (Indosat), Indonesia's second -largest 
mobile -phone operator, to Temasek Holdings, the state -owned 
investment arm of the Government of Singapore. Indosat's monopoly 
on international calls ended in 2003.  
 
(Para. 4.73 of WT/TPR/ S/278/Rev.1  of 16 July 2013)  
 
As at May 2020, there were seven cellular operators  and four fixed -
line operators in Indonesia .  
 
(Paras. 4.221 and 4.222 of WT/TPR/S/401/Rev.1  of 5 February 20 21) 
  
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- 11 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Israel  
GATS/SC/44/Suppl.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
 Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode1  
 
 
 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 2  The existing monopoly's exclusive rights in 
domestic Telecommunication services and 
infrastructure mentioned in paragraphs: a(I), 
a(III), b, c, f, g, will terminate not later than 
the year 2001. The government will publish the 
rules and regulatory policy regarding the way 
of opening the above mentioned to competition 
in the future.  
 
The government issued two licenses to two 
operators that won a tender issued  by the 
government for the operation of international 
services in addition to those offered by the 
present operator (BEZEQ International, which 
is a fully (100%) subsidiary of BEZEQ - the 
local PTT). The companies have exclusivity 
until 1.1.2002 and the go vernment will 
reexamine its policy regarding further 
competition in the field of international services 
towards the year 2001.  
 Over the years, Israel has pursued progressive liberalization and 
privatization of its telecoms market. It began in 1994 with th e entry 
of Cellcom to compete with Bezeq (the incumbent) in mobile 
telephony.  As of January 2018, there were six domestic fixed services 
operators; six mobile network operators (MNOs); three mobile virtual 
network operators (MVNOs); and eight mobile operat ors providing 
international services.  
 
In order to promote competition, the Ministry of Communications 
licensed a third communications infrastructure operator .  
 
(Paras. 4.75 and 4.76 of WT/TPR/S/376/Rev.1  of 10 October 2018)  
Jamaica  
GATS/SC/45/Suppl.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services:  
- Voice 
Telephone 
Services 
(7521)  
 
- Internet and 
internet 
access 
services 
(75260)  Additional 
Commitments  The Government is in the process of 
reviewing this with the exclusive private 
operator in the context of the draft Telecom 
Bill and the establishment of the regulatory 
regime in 1997.  If the outcome of this review 
is favourable, the Government will submit an 
improved commitment on private voice 
telephone services.  
 
The Government is in the process of 
reviewing this with the exclusive private 
operator in the context of the draft Telecom 
Bill and the establishment of the regulatory 
regime in 1997.  If the outcome of this review 
is favourable, the Government will submit an 
improved commitment on voice o ver Internet.  
 In 1999, the Government started a process of liberalizing the 
telecommunications industry, which included a renegotiation of the 
contract with Cable and Wireless Jamaica Limited  (C&WJ ), the sole 
supplier of fixed and mobile telephony, the passing of new 
legislation and the adoption of a phased approach for its 
implementation. In September 1999, the Government concluded an 
agreement with C&WJ, which was granted a 25 -year exclusive right 
to operate basic telephony services in 1988. The new agreement 
ended the  company's status as a monopoly in the provision of basic 
telecommunications services well before the originally scheduled 
date of 2013 (renewable to 2038). C&WJ's monopoly rights ended 
as of 1 March 2003.  
  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
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Jamaica  
(Cont'd)  - Video 
transmission 
services 
(satellite - 
based) 
(75241**) 
  The Government is in the process of 
reviewing this with the exclusive private 
operator in the context of the draft Telecom 
Bill and the establishment of the regulatory 
regime in 1997.  If the outcome of this review 
is favourable, the Government will submit an 
improved commitment on video telephony 
services.  
 The passing of the Telecommunications Act (Act No. 1 of 16 
February 2000) redefined telecommunications policy in Jamaica and 
facilitated t he gradual opening up of the market to new players . The 
Act put in place a reform process divided into three phases. Phase I, 
which started on 1 March 2000, opened the market to competition 
in wireless cellular services, the provision of customer equipment , 
and the resale of data, international voice and Internet access.  
Phase II of the liberalization process started on 1 September 2001 
and introduced competition in domestic facilities and services, and 
allowed subscriber TV providers (STVOs) to become Inte rnet service 
providers (ISPs).  Phase III, which started on 1 March 2003, 
international voice and data facilities opened up to competition .  
 
(Paras. 129 and 130 of WT/TPR/S/139/Rev.1  of 9 March 2005)  
 
Japan  
GATS/SC/46/Suppl.3  7.B Banking  
and Other 
Financial 
Services  
(excluding 
Insurance and  
Insurance -
Related 
Services)  
 Additional 
Commitments  Appropriate authorities permit the Pension 
Welfare Service Public Corporation to allow 
investment advisory companies to participate 
in the management  of its fund assets through 
a variation on the "Shiteitan" framework.  At 
the time of the next comprehensive review of 
the Japanese pension system in 1999, this 
scheme would be reviewed . Law No. 19 in 2000 : Pension Welfare Service Public Corporation was 
disestablished. Government Pension Investment Fund was allowed 
to manage the pension fund by itself. With respect to the 
management of the pension fund of Government Pension 
Investment Fund, no asset allocation regulation were applied to th e 
total assets of Government Pension Investment Fund, and 
investment advisory companies were allowed to participate in the 
management of the pension fund of Government Pension 
Investment Fund.  
 
(Notification by Japan of 6 November 2001, S/C/N/179 ) 
 
Jordan  
GATS/SC/128  
 4. DISTRIBU -
TION 
SERVICES  Additional 
commitments  If, in future, Jordan's legislation permits non -
Jordanian investors to own a greater 
percentage of equity with respect to projects 
or an economic activity in this sector, such 
liberalizat ion will immediately be bound in 
Jordan's schedule of specific commitments.  
 Foreign ownership is limited to a maximum of 50% in wholesale and 
retail trade, franchising, c ommercial and insurance agents .  
 
(Table 2.4  of WT/TPR/S/325/Rev.1  of 5 February 2016)   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 13 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
FYR of Macedonia  
GATS/SC/138  
 1.A 
Professional  
Services  
(h) Medical  and 
dental 
services 
(CPC 9312)  
(j) Services 
provided by 
midwives, 
nurses,  
 physiotherap
ists and 
para-
medical 
personnel 
(CPC 93191)  
 
8.A Hospital 
services  
 (CPC 9311)  
8.B Other 
Human 
Health 
Services  
 (CPC 9319 
(other than 
93191))  Additional 
commitments  
 The reform process is ongoing.  FYROM will 
negotiate taking commitments afte r 1 January 
2004.  
 North Macedonia 's health sector is primarily regulated by the Law on 
Health Protection and t he Law on Health Insurance . The provision of 
health services is allowed via all four modes of supply.  
 
Any foreign hospital may be a shareholder or establish  locally 
incorporated compan ies, branches or subsidiar ies in the Republic of 
North Macedonia. The healthcare activity shall be performed in a 
network of healthcare institutions and outside the network of 
healthcare institutions. The  healthcare activity in the network shall 
be performed by public and private healthcare institutions, which 
perform the activity on the basis of a license. The healthcare activity 
referred to in Article 26(1) of the Law on Health Protection, except 
the act ivities referred to in Article 29(1) of this Law, shall be 
provided outside the network by private healthcare institutions that 
meet the requirements referred to in Article 60. The healthcare 
institutions outside the network shall carry out a healthcare ac tivity 
by means of which they gain funds solely from patients who cover 
the health services by their own funds. Private healthcare institution 
may be established by domestic and foreign legal entities and 
natural persons. Private healthcare institution s cannot be 
established for carrying out the activities referred to in Article 29(1) 
points 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the Law on Health 
Protection, unless otherwise provided for by law.  
 
A foreign citizen who carries out a healthcare activity in the Republic 
of North Macedonia, in addition to the requirements prescribed in 
Article 126 of the Law, must have a good command of the North 
Macedonian language which should  be prove n by a certifica te for a 
successfully passed language examination from an authorized 
education institution. Healthcare worker s without university (higher) 
degree cannot get a licence.  
 
Please refer to the Law on Health Protection (consolidated text 
2016) .  
 
(Retrieved fro m the Services Trade Policy Database of I -TIP 
Services ) 
  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 14 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
FYR of Macedonia  
(Cont'd)  7. FINANCIAL 
SERVICES  
 Headnote  A single legal person (insurance company or a 
bank) cannot provide both insurance and 
banking services.  FYROM will conduct a 
review of the situation in the light of 
developments in the regulation of financial 
services sectors and will report whether this 
limitation can be abolished.  Such a review will 
take place by 31 December 2008.  
 An insurance company is prohibited from engaging in banking 
activities or other non -insurance activities. However, commercial 
banks can sell insurance policies.  
 
Please refer to Article 4 (1) of the Law on Insurance Supervision ; 
Article 7 (1) paragraph 19  of the Banking Law (consolidated text 
2017) .  
 
(Retrieved from the Services Trade Policy Database of I -TIP 
Services ) 
 
Mauritius  
GATS/SC/55/Suppl.1  
 
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
 Additional 
commitments  The reference paper will be incorporated in the 
legislation to be adopted soon by the National 
Assembly.2 
 The ICT Act, enacted in 2001, established the basis for liberalization 
of the subsector by removing the exclusive rights granted to Mauritius 
Telecom (MT) over fixed (domestic and international) 
telecommunications services.  In 2004, Mauritius developed a National 
Telecommunications Policy, which specifically identifies 
implementation of the WTO agreement on telecommunications, 
adoption of measures aimed at promoting competition,  and 
strengthening of the interconnection regime as priorities.  
 
(Para. 116 of WT/TPR/S/198/Rev.1  of 11 June 2008)  
 
With respect to the implementation of the Reference Paper on 
telecommunications, Mauritius indicated that in terms of Essential 
Facility, a policy decision on the submarine landing station is under 
consideration. As regards the competitive safeguards, arra ngements 
are currently being made for the implementation of the provisions of 
the Act. On the subject of Interconnection , Mauritius has achieved  
significant degree of compliance in terms of the physical and technical 
specs. As regards the economic regulation element, a directive to 
bring in the cost -based IUC is underway. The setting up of a Universal 
Service Framework is underway and the regulator  is making the 
appropriate regulations. As regards the public availability of licensing 
criteria, this has been implemented fully, and the said info, as well as 
copy of all licences issued by ICTA is available on the website of the 
ICTA. With regard to est ablishment of Independent Regulator, this 
has been done since July 2002, when the ICT Act 2001 was 
proclaimed. Finally, as regards allocation of scare resources, viz. 
radiofrequency spectrum, numbering and right of way, these have 
been achieved fully.  
 
2 The Reference Paper is not attached to the Schedule.   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 15 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Mauritius  
(Cont'd)     There is a national radiofrequency spectrum allocation chart for 
Mauritius as well as a National Numbering Plan for the next 20 years. 
The other scarce resource which is the right of way has also been 
addressed as part of the provisions in the ICT Act 2001.  The National 
ICT Strategic Plan, endorsed by Government in October 2007, has 
additional initiatives aligned with implementation initiatives of the 
principles of the reference paper.  
 
(Page 14 of WT/TPR/M/198/Add.1  of 30 May 2008)  
 
Mexico  
GATS/SC/56/Suppl.2  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
- Commercial 
agencies  Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 The establishment and operation of commercial 
agencies is invariably subject to the relevant 
regulations. The Ministry of Communications 
and Transport (SCT) will not issue permits for 
the establishment of a commercial agency until 
the corresponding regulations are issued.  
 In 2014, the Federal Telecommunications and Broadcasting Law 
(LFTR) was enacted; this repealed the Feder al Telecommunications 
Law of 1995.  The LFTR regulates the use, development and 
exploitation of the radio -frequency  
spectrum; the public telecommunications networks; access to the 
infrastructure; orbital resources and satellite communications; the 
provisio n of public telecommunications and broadcasting services of 
general interest; convergence of services .  
 
(Paras. 4.150  and 4.151 of WT/TPR/S/352/Rev.1  of 23 June 2017)  
 
Nepal  
GATS/SC/139  
 4.B Wholesale  
services  
4.C Retailing 
services  
 
 Limitations 
on market 
access and 
national 
treatment 
Modes 1,2,3 
and 4  
 Unbound except until such time that Nepal 
grants such rights to any WTO Member in any 
subsector, or until Nepal determines the types 
of foreign entities which may provide these 
services , or that Nepal authorizes such rights 
under its laws and regulations, the supply of 
these services; whichever is earlier.  
 The Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer Act (FITTA), 1992 
allows 100% foreign investment except for a negative list of 21 
industries, including retail businesses (excluding international chain 
retail businesses with a minimum investment of NR 500 million, 
operating in at least two countries).  
 
(Para. 2.39 of WT/TPR/S/381/Rev.1  of 27 February 2019)  
 
 7. FINANCIAL 
SERVICES  
- Banking  and 
other financial 
services  Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 For derivative products under Nepal 'f' and 
settlement of and clearing services for 
financial assets, including securities, 
derivative products, and other negotiable 
instruments  under 'j' unbound until HMG/Nepal 
determines what types of entities can conduct 
these services, the related laws and regulations 
are established and such business is authorised 
by the government or other designated 
authority.  
   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
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Papua New Guinea  
GATS/SC/118/  
Suppl.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
(a) – (g) ; (o)  Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 All Telecommunication Services are subjected 
to a five year exclusivity (1997 -2002) to 
TELIKOM PNG Ltd. as the monopoly service 
provider.  
The issuance of additional operating licenses 
and their terms and conditions will be 
considered and announced at least two years 
prior to the end of the exclusivity period.  
 Telikom, a subsidiary of KTH, had the monopoly in local, nationa l, 
and international mobile and fixed -line services until July 2007. 
Plans to privatize 51% of equity in Telikom to an overseas company 
were abandoned by the Government in the early 2000s.  
 
The National ICT Policy Phase II Reforms Final Report introducing 
open competition was approved in March 2009. T he National 
Information and Communications Technology Authority (NICTA)  
grants four types of telecommunications licences, all valid for ten -
year periods: General Telecommunications Carrier Licence ( GL); 
Public Mobile Telecommunications Licence (MC); Value -added 
Services (carrier grade and ISP grade) Licence; and Restricted 
General Licence/Private Network Licence (RGC) . 
 
(Para s. 4.99 and 4.101 of WT/TPR/S/387/Rev.1  of 28 June 2019; 
Para. 90 of WT/TPR/ S/239/Rev.1  of 8 February 2011 ) 
 
Saudi Arabia  
GATS/SC/141  
 11.H Services 
auxiliary to 
all modes of 
transport  Additional 
commitments  The services related to CPC 749 are currently 
provided by the public sector.  As far as 
market access to services included in CPC 749 
become open under the Saudi legislation to 
private entities, national treatment will be 
granted.  
  
Senegal  
GATS/SC/75/Suppl.1  2.C Telecommu -
nication 
Services  
  (a) – (g); (o)  
 Limitations 
on market 
access, Mode 
1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access, Mode 
3 Exclusively through the Sonatel network, on 
which Sonatel has a monopoly in international 
traffic until 31  December  2003 at the earliest 
and 31  December 2006 at the latest. After 
2003 the authorities will examine the 
possibility of opening up the sector to other 
operators. After 2003 the authorities will 
examine the possibility of opening up the 
sector to other operators.  
 
Sonatel's monopoly also applies to local and 
long-distance traffic until 31  December  2003 at 
the ea rliest and 31  December 2006 at the 
latest.  After 2003 the authorities will examine 
the possibility of opening up the sector to other 
operators.  
 Sudatel  obtained a "global" telecommunications licence in September 
2007 and has been providing prepaid mobile phone services under the 
Expresso brand since early 2009. This in principle eliminates the 
SONATEL monopoly in the fixed -line network, but SONATEL still has a 
de facto monopoly. Senegal thus considers it has fulfilled its specific 
commitments under the GAT S. 
 
(Para. 197 of WT/TPR/S/223/SEN/Rev.1  of 22 December 2009)  
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
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South Africa  
GATS/SC/78/Suppl.2  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
-  Facilities 
based and 
public 
switched 
telecommu -
nication  
services  
 Additional 
Commitments  Authorities to consider by 31/12/2003 the 
feasibility of suppliers additional to the 
duopoly.  
 
Liberalization of resale services to take place 
between 2000 and 2003 with authorities to 
define terms and conditions as well as the 
maximum limit for foreign investment.  
 Competition in t he fixed line segment was introduced in 2006 when 
Neotel was licensed to  compete against Telkom (which used to have 
monopoly power in the sector).  Neotel was  licensed as South Africa's 
first alternative infrastructure -based telecom provider, able to deliver 
wireline and wireless data telecoms services at national and 
international levels .  
 
(Para. 4.110  of WT/TPR/S/324/Rev.1  of 05 February 2016; Para. 269 
of WT/TPR/S/222/ZAF/Rev.1  of 14 December 2009)  
 
Sri Lanka  
GATS/SC/79/Suppl.1  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
-  International 
basic voice 
telecommu -
nication 
services  
 
-  Domestic 
local and 
long-distance 
basic 
telephone 
services: 
Mobile 
cellular 
services  
 
-  Satellite -
based 
services  
GMPCS services 
supplied 
through own 
gateways  
  
 
  
 
Limitations  on 
market 
access Modes 
1&3 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access Mode 
3 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  Monopoly guaranteed for Sri Lanka Telecom 
Ltd (SLT) until 31 December 1999. 
Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL) proposes 
thereafter to issue an additional licence, 
depending mainly on satisfactory progress 
having been made with respect to tariff 
rebalancing.  
 
Four operators' licences.  This number will be 
reviewed by the GOSL in the year 2000.  
 
Issuing of licences is under consideration.  The Commis sion permitted use of Global Mobile Personal 
Communications Services (GMPCS) in Sri Lanka with effect from 9 
April 1999, subject to the issuance of a licence under Section 22 of Sri 
Lanka Telecommunications Act No. 25 of 1991 as amended.  
 
(Notification pur suant to Article III:3 of the GATS, S/C/N/167  of 27 
August 2001 ) 
 
The monopoly of Sri Lanka Telecom (SLT) over international and voice 
telecommunication services ended in 2002. T he telecommunications 
sector has opened up to several providers in most subsectors , 
including in fixed -access telephone services, cellular mobile phones 
and satellite services. The market comprises five mobile services 
providers and three fixed -line operators.  
 
Sri Lanka has proceeded with liberalizing many of its telecom 
subsectors, thus the applied regime is more liberal than its GATS 
commitments.  
 
(Paras. 4.149 and 4.150 of WT/TPR/S/347/Rev.1  of 1 March 2017)   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
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Suriname  
GATS/SC/80/Suppl.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
For public use  
-Fixed network 
infrastructure  
-Local, 
domestic, long 
distance and 
international  
 
- Mobile 
services 
(terrestrial and 
satellite based)  
 Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  The duopoly operators are granted exclusivity 
for a period of five years ending on 1 January 
2003. Before the expiration of this period, the 
Government will determine the circumstances 
under which additional operators can be 
licensed.  
 
Licenses are granted for a period of five years 
ending on 1 January 2003 . Before the 
expiration of this period, the Government will 
determine the circumstances under which 
additional operators can be licensed  
 Both five -year restrictions ended in 2003 but the possibility of 
extending the number and/or duration of licenses afte r that is still at 
the discretion of the Government. Licensed operators also have the 
exclusive right to provide long -distance and international services 
over fixed and mobile networks, and cannot be bypassed.  
 
Many regulatory aspects were detailed in a s eries of state decrees, 
issued in 2007, that cover issues including licensing .  
 
(Paras. 4.96 and 4.98 of WT/TPR/S/391/Rev.1  of 27 November 2019 ) 
 
Thailand  
GATS/SC/85/Suppl.2  2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  Headnote  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  
 
 
 
 
 
Limitations 
on national 
treatment  
Mode 3  
 
 
 Conditional upon passage and coming into 
force of all necessary new communication acts, 
commencing from the year of 2006, 
commitments on public telecommunication 
services will be introduced, and carried out in 
accordance with the implementing regulations 
to be issued by virtue of those acts.  
 
Conditional upon passage and coming into 
force of all necessary new communication acts, 
commencing from the year of 2006, Thailand 
will intro duce the market access elements as 
contained in those acts into the relevant parts 
of its Schedule of Specific Commitments 
relating to the supply of public 
telecommunication services.  
 
Conditional upon passage and coming into 
force of all necessary new com munication acts, 
commencing from the year of 2006, Thailand 
will introduce the national treatment elements 
as contained in those acts into the relevant 
parts of its Schedule of Specific Commitments 
relating to the supply of public 
telecommunication service s Thailand has issued the Telecommunication Business Act which has 
introduced the increasing of foreign equity participation, and other 
new laws and regulations related to the Reference Paper . Thailand is 
currently in a public hearing stage, and the results of public 
hearings will be presented to the cabinet and parliament for their 
approval. After that, Thailand  will proceed with WTO procedures for 
the certification of improvements to schedules of specific 
commitments . 
 
(Statement by Thailand at the Trade Policy Review meeting on 24 
and 26 November 2020. Paras. 5.8 -5.9 of WT/TPR/M/400).   
  S/CSC/W/70/Rev.1  
 
- 19 - SCHEDULE  SECTOR  ENTRY AS  CONDITIONAL COMMITMENTS  UPDATES  
Thailand  
(Cont'd)   Additional 
commitments  
 
 Conditional upon passage and coming into 
force of all necessary new communication acts, 
commencing from the year of 2006, Thailand 
will introduce into its Schedule of Specific 
Commitments on public telecommunication 
services its treatment on the subjects relating 
to competitive safeguards, interconnection, 
universal service, public availability of licensing 
criteria, separation of regulato ry and 
operational functions, and the allocation and 
use of scarce resources.  
  
Turkey  
GATS/SC/88/Suppl.2  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
  (a) – (b) 
 Limitations 
on market 
access Modes 
1&3 
 Türk Telekomünikasyon  A._. is the exclusive 
operator.  Exclusive right will end by 
31.12.2005, subject to adoption of the relevant 
legislation by the parliament.  The exclusive right of Türk Telekominikasyon  AŞ ended on 31 
December 2003 as stipulated in the Law No. 4502 governing the 
telephony and telegraph services.   
(Statement by Turkey at the CSC meeting of 2 December 2020 , 
Para. 2.12 of S/CSC/M/84)  
Uganda  
GATS/SC/89/Suppl.1
/Rev.1  
 2.C Telecommu -
nication  
Services  
Facilities based 
public -switched 
voice 
telecommuni -
cation services 
on fixed 
network 
infrastructure  
 Limitations 
on market 
access  
Mode 3  Uganda Telecom Limited (UTL) and Second 
National Operator (SNO) duopoly exclusivity, 
subject to Uganda Government review after 
2003.  The telecom munications sector has been liberalized since 2006.  A 
licensing regime was introduced that allows  suppliers  to select 
among three categories of licences: the Public Service Provider 
(PSP) Licence, the Public Infrastructure Provider (PIP ) Licence, and 
the National Telecommunication Operator (NTO) Licence .  
 
(Para s. 4.114 and 4.115 of WT/TPR/S/384/Rev.1  of 5 June 2019 ) 
 
Yemen  
GATS/SC/152  7.B Banking 
and Other 
Financial 
Services  Limitations 
on market 
access,  
Mode 3  
 None when the Government authorises such 
business, determines what types of entities 
can conduct these services, the related laws 
and regulation are established.  
  
 
 
__________