ICS 01.040.91; 91.100. 23 
     DMS  1728 :2021  
           First edition  
   ISO 13006:2018  
IDT 
DRAFT MALAWI STANDARD  
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, 
classifications, characteristics and 
marking  
NOTE: This is a Draft Malawi Standard  and should not be regarded or used as a Malawi Standard   
 
   
 
 ICS 01.040.91; 91.100. 23                                        DMS 1728 :2021 
   First  edition  
ISO 13006:2018  
IDT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, 
classification, characteristics and 
marking  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obtainable from the  
Malawi Bureau of Standards  
P O Box 946  
BLANTYRE  
 
Tel: +265 1 870 488  
Fax: +265 1 870 756  
E-mail: mbs@mbsmw.org  
Website: www.mbsmw.org  
 
Price based on 54 pages  
 
© Copyright reserved   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
i 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS  
 
Contents                                                                                                                                                        Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  i 
Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 1 
Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  1 
Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  2 
Classification  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  4 
Characteristics  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  5 
Sampling and basis for acceptance  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  5 
Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  5 
Marking and specifications  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  5 
Ordering  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  6 
Annex A  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0.5 < Ev ≤ 3 % Group AI b ................  10 
Annex B  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group AII a — Subgroup (Part) 1  .....................  13 
Annex C  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group AII a — Subgroup (Part) 2  .....................  16 
Annex D  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % Group AII b — Subg roup (Part) 1  ...................  19 
Annex E  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % Group AII b — Subgroup (Part) 2  ...................  22 
Annex F  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles Ev > 10 % Group AIII  ................................ ................................  25 
Annex G  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption Ev ≤ 0.5 % Group BI a......................  29 
Annex H  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 % Group BI b ...........  33 
Annex I  (informative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  36 
Annex J  (normative): Dry -pressed ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group BII a  ................................ ..................  37 
Annex K  (normative): Dry -pressed c eramic tiles 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % Group BII b ................................ ................  40 
Annex L  (normative): Dry -pressed ceramic tiles  Ev > 10 % Group BIII  ................................ ..........................  43 
Annex M  (normative): Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption Ev ≤ 0.5 % Group AI a .....................  46 
Annex N  (informative): Classification of glazed  tiles for floors according to their abrasion resistance  ...........  49 
Annex O  (informative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 50 
Annex P  (informative): Test methods  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  51 
Annex Q  (informative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 52 
Annex R  (informative): Symbols recommended for use  ................................ ................................ ..................  53 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  54 
 
 
FOREWORD  
 
This Draft Malawi Standard  is an adoption of  ISO 13006:2018 , Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, 
characteristics and marking . 
 
Acknowledgement is made for the use of the above standard.  
 
 
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE  
 
This Draft Malawi Standard  was developed by the Technical Committee MBS/TC 3 , Masonry and natural 
stones including bricks, tiles and stones,  and the following companies and organisations were consulted : 
 
Blantyre City Council;  
Built Environs Limited;  
City Building Contractors;  
Dedz a Pottery;  
Fargo Limited;   
ii 
 Focus Tiles Trading;  
Gimtec Construction Limited;  
LafargeHolcim Malawi;  
Lilongwe City Council;  
Malawi Bureau of Standards  
Malawi Builders and Civil Engineering Contractors and Allied Traders Association;  
Malawi Housing Corporation ; 
Malawi Institute of Engineers;  
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban development;  
Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences;  
Ministry of Transport and Public Works;  
Malawi University of Science and Technology;  
National Construction Industry Counc il; 
O.G. Construction Limited; and  
Terrastone Construction Limited.  
 
 
NOTICE  
 
The approved Malawi Standard  shall be revised every five years or earlier when necessary  in order to keep 
abreast of progress. Comments are welcome and shall be considered when the approved standard is being 
revised.  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
1 
 DMS 1728 :2021  
DRAFT MALAWI STANDARD  
Ceramic tiles – Definitions, classification,charateristics 
and marking  
 
 
1 SCOPE  
 
This Draft Malawi Standard defines terms and establishes classifications, characteristics and marking 
requirements for ceramic tiles of the best commercial quality (first quality). This document is not applicable to 
tiles made by other than normal processes of extrusion or dry pressing. It is not applicable to decorative 
accessories or trim such as edges, corners, skirting , capping, coves, beads, steps, curved tiles and other 
accessory pieces or mosaics ( i.e., any piece that can fit into a square, the side of which is less than 7 cm).  
 
NOTE – DMS 1701  (all parts) describes the test procedures required to determine the product characteristics listed in this document. 
DMS 1701  is a multi -part standard, each part describes a specific test procedure or related matter.  
 
 
2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES  
 
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this 
Draft Malawi Standard . All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed 
to be a reference to the latest ed ition of that standard, parties to agreements based on Draft Malawi  Standard 
are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. 
Information on currently valid national and international standards ca n be obtained from the Malawi Bureau of 
Standards.  
 
DMS  1701-1, Ceramic tiles — Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance ; 
 
DMS  1701 -2, Ceramic tiles — Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality ; 
 
DMS 1701 -3, Ceramic tiles — Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative 
density and bulk density ; 
 
DMS 1701 -4, Ceramic tiles — Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength ; 
 
DMS 1701 -5, Ceramic tiles — Part 5: Determination of impact r esistance by measurement of coefficient of 
restitution ; 
 
DMS 1701 -6, Ceramic tiles — Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles ; 
 
DMS 1701 -7, Ceramic tiles — Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed ti les; 
 
DMS 1701 -8, Ceramic tiles — Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion ; 
 
DMS 1701 -9, Ceramic tiles — Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock ; 
 
DMS 1701 -10, Ceramic tiles — Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion ; 
 
DMS 1701 -11, Ceramic tiles — Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles ; 
 
DMS 1701 -12, Ceramic tiles — Part 12: Determination of frost resistance ; 
 
DMS 1701 -13, Ceramic tiles — Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance ; 
 
DMS 1701 -14, Ceramic  tiles — Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains ; 
 
DMS 1701 -15, Ceramic tiles — Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles ; 
  
2 
 DMS 1701 -16, Ceramic tiles — Part 16: Determination of small colour differences ; and 
 
ISO 1006, Building construction — Modular coordination — Basic module . 
 
 
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS  
 
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1006  and the following apply.  
 
3.1 
ceramic tile  
thin slab made from clays and/or other inorganic raw materials, generally used as covering for  floors and walls, 
usually shaped by extruding (A) or pressing (B) at room temperature, but may be formed by other processes 
(C), then dried and subsequently fired at temperatures sufficient to develop  the required properties  
 
Note 1 to entry:  Tiles may be glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL); they are incombustible and are not affected by light.  
 
3.2 
porcelain tile  
fully vitrified tile with water absorption coefficient less than or equal to a mass fraction of  0.5 %, belonging to  
groups AIa and BI a 
 
3.3 
glaze  
vitrified covering that is impermeable  
 
3.4 
engobed surface  
clay-based covering with a matt finish which may be permeable or impermeable  
 
Note 1 to entry:  A tile with an engobed  surface is regarded as an unglazed tile.  
 
3.5 
polished surface  
surface of glazed and unglazed tile which has been given a glossy finish by mechanical polishing as  the last 
stage of manufacture  
 
3.6 
extruded tile  
tile, whose body is shaped in the plastic state in an extruder, the column obtained being cut into tiles of pre -
determined dimension, and which is designated as Group A  
 
Note 1 to entry:  This document classifies extruded tiles as “precision” or “natural”. The classification  is dependent upon the d ifferent 
technical characteristics as listed in the individual product standards.  
 
Note 2 to entry:  Traditional terms used for extruded products are “split tiles” and “quarry tiles”. They commonly indicate double -extruded 
and single -extruded tiles, respect ively. The term “quarry tiles” only refers to extruded tiles with a water absorption coefficient of a mass 
fraction not exceeding 6 %.  
 
3.7 
dry-pressed tile  
tile, formed from a finely milled body mixture and shaped (e .g. in dies or moulds) at high pressure, and which 
is designated as Group B  
 
3.8 
water absorption  
Ev 
percentage of water impregnating a tile  
 
Note 1 to entry:  This is measured in accordance with DMS 1701 -3. 
 
Note 2 to entry:  Water absorption is expressed as a mass fraction of dry mass.  
 
3.9 Sizes  
  
3 
 Note 1 to entry : The sizes are only defined for rectangular tiles. If the sizes of non -rectangular tiles are  required, they are defined by the 
smallest rectangle into which they fit.  
 
3.9.1  
nominal size  
size used to describe the product  
 
Note 1  to entry : See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.2  
work size  
size of a tile specified for manufacturing to which the actual size shall conform within specified permissible 
deviations  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.3  
actual size  
size obtained by measuring the face of a tile  
 
Note 1 to entry:  This is measured in accordance with DMS  1701-2. 
 
Note 2 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.4  
coordinating size  
work size plus the joint width  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.5  
modular size  
tile and size based on module M, 2 M, 3 M and 5 M and also their multiples or subdivisions, except for tiles 
with a surface area of less than 9000 mm2 
 
Note 1 to entry:  See ISO 1006,  where 1 M = 100 mm.  
 
Note 2 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.6  
non-modular size  
size not based on module M  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See ISO 1006,  where 1 M = 100 mm.  
 
Note 2 to entry:  Tiles of these sizes are those commonly used in most countries.  
 
Note 3 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.9.7  
tolerance  
difference between the permissible limits of size  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See Figures 1  and 2. 
 
3.10 
spacer lug  
projection that is located  along certain edges of tiles so that where two tiles are placed together, in line, the 
lugs on adjacent edges separate the tiles by a distance of not less than the specified width of the joint  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See Figure 2 . 
3.11 
rectified tile  
ceramic tile that, after firing, is subjected to a precise mechanical finishing of the edges  
  
4 
  
3.12 
back feet  
parallel ridges running across the back surface of some exterior wall tiles which possess a geometry intended 
to facilitate an  interlocking connection between tile and cement mortar  
 
Note 1 to entry:  See Figure 3 . 
 
Note 2 to entry:  Back feet dimensions shall be measured with vernier calipers, and each specimen in a 10 -tile sample is required to 
satisfy the requirements in Annexes A  to H and Annexes  J to M. 
 
 
4 CLASSIFICATION  
 
4.1 Basis of classification  
 
Ceramic tiles are divided into groups according to their method of manufacture and their water absorption (see 
3.8 and Table 1 ). The groups do not presuppose the usage of the products.  
 
4.2 Methods of manufacture  
 
The following are the two methods of manufacture:  
 
— method A, extruded tiles (see 3.6); 
 
— method B, dry -pressed tiles (see 3.7). 
 
4.3 Water absorption according to group  
 
4.3.1  General  
 
The following are the three groups according to water absorption, Ev. 
 
4.3.2  Subdivision of the three groups  
 
The three groups are divided into tiles of low, medium and high water absorption, namely Groups I, II and III, 
respectively.  
 
a) Tiles of low water absorption, i.e. absorption coefficient less than or equal to a mass fraction of 3 %,                    
Ev ≤ 3 %, belong to Group I. Group I consists of the following:  
 
1) for extruded tiles  
i) Ev ≤ 0.5 % (Group AI a), and  
ii) 0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 % (Group AI b); 
 
2) for dry -pressed tiles:  
i) Ev ≤ 0.5 % (Group BI a); 
ii) 0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 % (Group BI b). 
 
b) Tiles of medium water absorption, i.e.  3 % < Ev ≤ 10 %, belong to Group II. Group II consists of the  
following:  
 
1) for extruded tiles ’ 
 
i) 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % [Group AII a, Subgroups (Parts) 1 and 2; see Annex B  for Subgroup (Part) 1  or 
Annex C  for Subgroup (Part) 2], and  
 
ii) 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % [Group AII b, Subgroups (Parts) 1 and 2; see Annex D  for Subgroup (Part) 1  or 
Annex E  for Subgroup (Part) 2];  
 
2) for dry -pressed tiles  
 
i) 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % (Gr oup BII a), and   
5 
 ii) 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % (Group BII b). 
 
c) Tiles of high water absorption, i.e. Ev > 10 %, belong to Group III.  
 
5 CHARACTERISTICS  
The characteristics for different applications of ceramic tiles are given in Table 2 . 
 
 
6 SAMPLING AND BASIS FOR ACCEPTANCE  
 
The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in DMS  1701 -1. 
 
 
7 REQUIREMENTS  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be as given in the 
relevant/specific annex, of Annexes A  to H and Annexes  J to M, for each tile class.  
 
NOTE – Annexes  I, O and Q are intentionally left blank. This is as a convenience to producers in order to 
avoid changes to packaging and related costs. In addition, at the time of publication, the market offers 
consumers various products identified by the matching annex headings o f this document.  
 
 
8 MARKING AND SPECIFICATIONS  
 
8.1 Marking  
 
Tiles and/or their packaging are required to bear the following marking:  
 
a) manufacturer’s mark and/or trademark and the country where the tile was manufactured (i.e. country of 
origin, as determined by  the relevant international regulation);  
 
b) indication of first quality;  
 
c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate group and/or annex of Annexes A  to H and Annexes  J to M 
covering the specific group of tile;  
 
d) nominal and work sizes, and “M” if modular;  
 
e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL);  
 
f) any surface treatment applied after  firing;  
 
g) total number of tiles  in the package;  
 
h) manufacturer’s production run or batch number;  
i) an indication of colour consistency, as defined by the manufacturer;  
j) total dry weight which the tiles and their packaging shall not exceed.  
 
EXAMPLE 1  
 
The ABC Tile Co., Made in China, Ceramic Tile of First Quality Extruded tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex A, Group 
Alb, Precision  
M, 25 cm × 1 2.5 cm (Sw 240 mm × 115 mm × 1 2.5 mm), UGL, Protective Sealer Added  
20 pcs/box, batch A50, 0100 -Gray, Max dry weight: 20 kg 
EXAMPLE 2  
 
The 123 Tile Co., Made in Spain, Ceramic Tile of First Quality  
Dry-pressed porcelain tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex G, Group BI a, Rectified 60 cm × 60 cm ( Sw 598 mm × 598 
mm × 10 mm) UGL   
6 
 3 pcs/box, batch B52, 0590 -Slate, Max dry weight: 16 kg  
 
EXAMPLE 3  
 
The XYX Tile Co., Made in Indonesia, Ceramic Tile of First Quality Dry -pressed tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex 
H, Group BI b Non-rectified 30 cm × 30 cm ( Sw 299 mm × 299 mm × 10 mm) GL  
10 pcs/box, batch C60, 0320 -Ivory, Max dry weight: 20 kg  
 
Each til e conforming to this document is required to bear on its reverse side or edge, the country where it was 
manufactured.  
 
8.2 Product literature  
 
Product literature for tiles intended for use on floors shall state the abrasion class or the place of use of glazed 
tiles. 
 
8.3 Specifications  
 
Tiles shall be designated by the following:  
a) the method of shaping;  
 
b) the relevant group and/or annex of Annexes A  to H and Annexes J  to M covering the specific  
group of tile  
 
c) nominal and work sizes, and “M” if modular;  
 
d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL);  
 
e) the addition of back feet, if required.  
 
EXAMPLE 1  Precision extruded tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex M, AIa M 25 cm × 12 .5 cm  
(Sw 240 mm × 115 mm × 10 mm) GL.  
 
EXAMPLE 2  Natural extruded tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex A, A ib 15 cm × 15 cm  
(Sw 150 mm × 150 mm × 12 .5 mm) UGL.  
 
EXAMPLE 3  Dry-pressed tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex G, BI a M 25 cm × 12.5 cm  
(Sw 240 mm × 115 mm × 10 mm) GL.  
 
EXAMPLE 4  Dry-pressed tile, DMS 1728:2021 , Annex L, BIII 15 cm × 15 cm  
(Sw 150 mm × 150 mm × 12 .5 mm) UGL.  
 
 
9 ORDERING  
 
Each time that an order is placed, items, such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour,  profile, abrasion class 
for glazed tiles and other properties, shall be agreed upon by the parties concerned.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
7 
 Table 1 — Classification of ceramic tiles with respect to water absorption and shaping  
 
1 2 3 4 5 
Shaping  Group I  
Ev ≤ 3 %  Group IIa 
3 % < Ev ≤ 6 %  Group II b 
6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  Group III  
Ev > 10 %  
 
 
A 
Extruded  Group AI a 
Ev ≤ 0.5 % 
(see Annex M ) Group AII a-1a 
(see Annex B ) Group AII b-1a 
(see Annex D )  
 
Group AIII  
(see Annex F ) Group AI b  
0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 %  
(see Annex A ) Group AII a-2a 
(see Annex C ) Group AII b-2a 
(see Annex E ) 
 
 
B 
Dry pressed  Group BI a 
Ev ≤ 0.5 % 
(see Annex G )  
 
Group BII a 
(see Annex  J)  
 
Group BII b 
(see Annex K )  
 
Group BIII b 
(see Annex L) 
Group B Ib  
0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 %  
(see Annex H ) 
a Groups AII a and AII b are divided into two subgroups (Parts 1 and 2) with different product  specifications.  
b Group BIII covers glazed tiles only. There is a low quantity of dry-pressed unglazed tiles produced with water absorption greater 
than 10 % mass fraction, which is not covered by this product group.  
 
Table 2 — Characteristics required for different applications  
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 
Characteristics  Floor  Wall Test 
Dimensions  and surface quality  Interior  Exterior  Interior  Exterior  Reference  
Length and width  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness (curvature and warpage)  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Surface quality  X X X X DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified) a    X Figure 3  
Physical property  Interior  Exterior  Interior  Exterior  Reference  
Water absorption  X X X X DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength  X X X X DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture  X X X X DMS 1701 -4 
Resistance to deep abrasion — unglazed tiles  X X   DMS 1701 -6 
Resistance to surface abrasion — glazed tiles  X X   DMS 1701 -7 
Linear thermal expansion b X X X X DMS 1701 -8 
Resistance to thermal shock b X X X X DMS 1701 -9 
Resistance to crazing — glazed tiles  X X X X DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance c  X  X DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion b X X X X DMS 1701-10 
Small colour differences b  X X X X DMS 1701 -16 
 
 
 
  
8 
 Table 2 (continued)  
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 
Characteristics  Floor  Wall Test 
Dimensions and surface quality  Interior  Exterior  Interior  Exterior  Reference  
Impact resistance b X X   DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Interior  Exterior  Interior  Exterior  Reference  
Resistance to staining      DMS 1701 -14 
— glazed tiles  X X X X DMS 1701 -14 
— unglazed tiles b X X X X DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  X X X X DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of acids 
and alkalis b X X X X DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household cleaners and 
swim - ming  pool salts  X X X X DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release — glazed tiles b X X X X DMS 1701 -15 
a For application to exterior tiles installed by cement mortar, including tunnels, where back feet are specified.  
b Test method is available.  
c For tiles intended to be used in situations where frost conditions apply.  
 
 
Key 
a, b dimensions of the tile  
d thickness  
j joint 
Sc coordinating size  
Sw work size  
SC = S w + j 
Sw = a, b, d  
 
Figure 1 — Tile 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 
  
Key 
1 spacer lugs  
j joint 
Sc coordinating size  
Sw work size  
SC = S w + j 
Sw = a, b, d  
 
Figure 2 — Tile with spacer lug  
 
 
a) Example 1                                  b) Example 2                              c) Example 3  
 
Key  
h height  
L length  
Figure 3 — Back feet — Examples  
 
 
 
 
10 
 Annex A  
 
(normative)  
 
Extruded ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0 .5 < Ev ≤ 3 % Group AI b 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table A.1 . 
 
Table A.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AI b, 0.5 < Ev ≤ 3 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±1.0 % to a  
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.0 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.5 %  
±0.6 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±0.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work sizes;  ±0.5 %  ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
  
11 
 Table A.1 (continued ) 
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to the 
diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes.  ±0.8 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  0.5 < Ev ≤ 3.0 % 
Individual maximum     
3.3 % 0.5 < Ev ≤ 3.0 % 
Individual 
maximum 3.3 %  
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons     
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 1 100  Not less than 1 
100 DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 600  Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 23 Individual 
minimum 18  Minimum 23 
Individual 
minimum 18   
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 275   
Maximum 275   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion class 
and cycles passed  Report abrasion  
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance  Required  Required  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10  
12 
  
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0 Plain coloured 
tiles only where 
required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to state 
classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths shall be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregu larities of colour  
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes ar e not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non-compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case, the c razing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  
     with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
13 
 Annex B  
(normative)  
 
Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group AII a — Subgroup  
(Part) 1  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table B.1 . 
 
Table B.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AII a-1, 3 % < Ev≤ 6 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that  the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±1.25 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.0 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding  work sizes   
±0.5 %  
±0.6 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±0.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work  ±0.5 %  ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2  
14 
 Table B.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±0.8 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  3.0 % < Ev ≤ 6.0 % 
Individual maximum 
6.5 % 3.0 % < Ev ≤ 6.0 % 
Individual maximum 
6.5 %  
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons     
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 950  Not less than 950  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 600  Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 20 
Individual minimum 
18 Minimum 20 
Individual minimum 
18  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 393   
Maximum 393   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion  
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour  differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16  
15 
 Impact resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  
 DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to  traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregu larities of colour  
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes ar e not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test   method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test gi ven in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  
 with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
16 
 Annex C  
(normative)  
 
Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group AII a — Subgroup  
(Part) 2  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table C.1 . 
 
Table C.1 — Requirements  for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AII a-2, 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±1.5 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.5 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
  
17 
 Table C.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±1.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  3.0 % < Ev ≤ 6.0 % 
Individual maximum 
6.5 % 3.0 % < Ev ≤ 6.0 % 
Individual maximum 
6.5 %  
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons     
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 800  Not less than 800  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 600  Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 13 
Individual minimum 
11 Minimum 13 
Individual minimum 
11  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 541   
Maximum 541   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion  
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour  differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16  
18 
 Impact resistance e Test method 
available  
 Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to  traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to inten - tional irregularities of 
colour variation of t he face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area which is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are n ot considere d 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
19 
 Annex D  
(normative)  
 
Extruded ceramic tiles  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  Grou p AIIb — Subgroup  
(Part) 1  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table D.1 . 
 
Table D.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AII b-1, 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.5 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding  work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work  ±1.0 %  ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
  
20 
 Table D.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±1.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure  3  
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
Individual maximum 
11 %  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
Individual maximum 
11 %   
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons  Not less than 900  Not less than 900  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 1 7.5 
Individual minimum 
15 Minimum 1 7.5 
Individual minimum 
15  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 649   
Maximum 649   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion  
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour  differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -5  
21 
 Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals     
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to inten - tional irregularities of 
colour variation of th e face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area which is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are n ot considered  
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but  which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness  shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
22 
 Annex E  
(normative)  
 
Extrude d cerami c tiles 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % Grou p AIIb — Subgroup  
(Part) 2  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table E.1 . 
 
Table E.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AII b-2, 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) or non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.5 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding  work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work sizes;  ±1.0 %  ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
  
23 
 Table E.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±1.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure  3  
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
Individual maximum 
11 %  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
Individual maximum 
11 %   
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons  Not less than 750  Not less than 750  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N.  Minimum 9 
Individual minimum 
8 Minimum 9 
Individual minimum 
8  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 1 062   
Maximum 1 062   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion 
of glazed tiles intended for use 
on floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed   
DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16 
 
 
  
24 
 Table E.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Impact resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of 
acids and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals 
and swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregu larities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decora tive purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not appl icable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  
with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
25 
 Annex F  
(normative)  
 
Extruded ceramic tiles Ev > 10 % Group AIII  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table F.1 . 
 
Table F.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AIII, Ev > 10 %  
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.5 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer g    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness g  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding  work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to 
the corresponding work 
sizes;  ±1.0 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2  
26 
 Table F.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±1.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  Ev > 10 %  Ev > 10 %  DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons  Not less than 600  Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 8 
Individual minimum 
7 Minimum 8 
Individual minimum 
7  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 2 365   
Maximum 2 365   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16 
 
 
 
 
  
27 
 Table F.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Impact resistance e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour  are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregularities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desi rable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer , in which case the crazing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
28 
 Annex G  
(normative)  
 
Dry-pressed   ceramic tiles  with low wate r absorption Ev ≤ 0.5 % Group BI a 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table G.1 . 
 
Table G.1 — Requirements for dry -pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption — Group BI a, Ev ≤ 
0.5 % 
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Length and width   whichever is less is  
 applicable   
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a nominal 
joint width of between 2 mm and 5 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the difference 
between the work size and the nominal size 
is not more than ±2 % (max. ±5 mm).      
For non -rectified, the deviation of the aver - 
age size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.9  
±0.6  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the deviation of the aver - 
age size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness      
a) The thickness shall be specified by the 
manufacturer h     
b) The deviation of the average thickness of 
each tile from the work size thickness h  
±0.5  
±5  
±0.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)      
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from straightness related to the          
corresponding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the 
corresponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 0.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b, i     
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from rectangularity related to the           
corresponding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2  
29 
 Table G.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from rectangularity related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The maximum deviation from flatness:      
a) for non -rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
b) for rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.6  
±0.4  
±1.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
c) for non -rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work 
sizes;  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
d) for rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work 
sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
e) for non -rectified tiles, warpage, related 
to diagonal calculated from the work 
sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
f) for rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)      
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the manufacturer and 
as shown in one of the examples in Figure 3  Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be free 
from visible defects which can impair the ap - 
pearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Requirements  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction g Ev ≤ 0.5 % 
Individual maximum 0.6 % DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons    
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 1 300  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 700  DMS 1701 -4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
30 
 Table G.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N   
Minimum 35  
Individual minimum 32   
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance    
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, in 
cubic millimetres   
Maximum 175   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on floors d Report abrasion class and cycles passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion e   
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance  Required  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres per  
metre e Test method available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles only where required GL:   
ΔE < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Requirements  Test 
Resistance to staining    
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals    
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of acids 
and alkalis e Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
31 
 Table G.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregu larities of colour  
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes ar e not considered 
a defect.  
 
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non-compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g A fully vitrified tile is a tile with water absorption of a maximum individual value of 0.5 % (porcelain tile).  
 
h Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3  
 
i For oblong tiles with longer edge ≥60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge ≥3, only d L and percent deviation dL/S 
are applicable. See DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
32 
 Annex H  
(normative)  
 
Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 % Group BI b 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table H.1 . 
 
Table H.1 — Requirements for dry -pressed ceramic tiles with low  
water absorption  — Group BI b, 0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 %  
 
1 2 3 4 5 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Length and width   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 2 mm 
and 5 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size and 
the nominal size is not more than ±2 % 
(max. ±5 mm).      
For non -rectified tiles, the deviation of the 
average size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.9  
±0.6  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the deviation of the aver - 
age size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness      
a) The thickness shall be specified by the 
manufacturer g     
b) The deviation of the average thickness 
of each tile from the work size 
thickness g  
±0.5  
±5  
±0.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)      
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from straightness related to the cor - 
responding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±1.5  
DMS  1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 0.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b, h     
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from rectangularity related to the cor - 
responding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2  
33 
 Table H.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from rectangularity related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The maximum deviation from flatness:      
a) for non -rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
b) for rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.6  
±0.4  
±1.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
c) for non -rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work 
sizes;  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
d) for rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work 
sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
e) for non -rectified tiles, warpage, related 
to diagonal calculated from the work 
sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
f) for rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)      
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the manufacturer and 
as shown in one of the examples in Figure 3  Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be free 
from visible defects which can impair the ap - 
pearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Requirements  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  0.5 % < Ev ≤ 3 %  
Individual maximum 3.3 % DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons    
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 1 100  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 700  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N   
Minimum 30  
Individual minimum 27   
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance    
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, in 
cubic millimetres   
Maximum 175   
DMS 1701 -6  
34 
 Table H.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface  quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on floors d Report abrasion class and cycles passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion e   
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance  Required  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres  per 
metre e Test method available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles only where required GL: 
ΔE < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Requirements  Test 
Resistance to staining    
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals    
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of acids 
and alkalis e Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour  are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregularities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desi rable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet height s, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
h For rectangular tiles with longer edge ≥60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge ≥3, only d L and percent deviation 
dL/S are applicable. See DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
35 
 Annex I  
(informative)  
 
Intentionally blank  
 
This annex is intentionally left blank. This is as a convenience to producers in order to avoid changes to 
packaging and related costs. In addition, at the time of publication, the market offers consumers various 
products identified by the matching annex headings of this document.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
36 
 Annex J 
(normative)  
 
Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 % Group BII a 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with  Table J.1  
 
Table  J.1— Requirements for dry -pressed ceramic tiles — Group BII a, 3 % < Ev ≤ 6 %  
 
1 2 3 4 5 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Length and width   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The manufacturer shall choose the work size 
as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 2 mm and 
5 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size and 
the nominal size is not more than ±2 % 
(max. ±5 mm).      
For non -rectified tiles, the deviation of the 
average size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.9  
±0.6  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the deviation of the 
average size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness      
a) The thickness shall be specified by the 
manufacturer g     
b) The deviation of the average thickness of 
each tile from the work size thickness g ±0.5 ±5 ±0.5 DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)      
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from straightness related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the correspond - 
ing work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 0.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b, h     
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from rectangularity related to the cor - 
responding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from rectangularity related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2  
37 
 Table  J.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Surface flatness   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The maximum deviation from flatness:      
a) for non -rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
b) for rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.6  
±0.4  
±1.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
c) for non -rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
d) for rectified tiles, edge curvature, related 
to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
e) for non -rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
f) for rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)      
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the manufacturer 
and as shown in one of the examples in 
Figure  3  
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Requirements  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  3 % < Ev ≤ 6 %  
Individual maximum 6.5 % DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons    
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 1 000  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than  600 DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per 
square  millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking strength  
≥3 000 N   
Minimum 22  
Individual minimum 20   
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance    
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of unglazed 
tiles: removed volume, in cubic 
millimetres   
Maximum 345   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of glazed 
tiles intended for use on floors d Report abrasion class and cycles passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion e    
38 
 Table  J.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres per  
metre e Test method available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour  differences e Plain coloured tiles only where required GL: 
ΔE < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Requirements  Test 
Resistance to staining    
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals    
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Manufacturer is to state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of acids 
and alkalis e Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non-metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregu larities of colour  
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes ar e not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are no n-compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
h For rectangular tiles with longer edge ≥60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge ≥3, only d L and percent deviation 
dL/S are applicable. See DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
39 
 Annex K  
(normative)  
 
Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 % Group BII b 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table K.1 . 
 
Table K.1 — Requirements for dry -pressed ceramic tiles — Group BII b, 6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
 
1 2 3 4 5 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Length and width   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The manufacturer shall choose the work size 
as 
follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 2 mm and 
5 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size and the 
nominal size is not more than ±2 % (max. 
±5 mm).      
For non -rectified tiles, the deviation of the av - 
erage  size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw  
±0.9  
±0.6  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the deviation of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from the 
work size, Sw  
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness      
a) The thickness shall be specified by 
the manufacturer g     
b) The deviation of the average thickness 
of each tile from the work size 
thickness g ±0.5 ±5 ±0.5 DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)      
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the corresponding 
work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation from 
straightness related to the corresponding work 
sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 0.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b, h     
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from rectangularity related to the correspond - 
ing work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation from 
rectangularity related to the corresponding 
work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness   whichever is less is  
applicable    
40 
 Table K.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
The maximum deviation from flatness:      
a) for non-rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
b) for rectified tiles, centre curvature, related 
to diagonal calculated from the work sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
c) for non-rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
d) for rectified tiles, edge curvature, related 
to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
e) for non -rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
f) for rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)      
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the manufacturer 
and as shown in one of the examples in 
Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Requirements  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  6 % < Ev ≤ 10 %  
Individual  maximum 11 %  DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons    
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 800  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 500  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per square  
millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking strength  
≥3 000 N   
Minimum 18  
Individual minimum 16   
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance    
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of unglazed 
tiles: removed volume, in cubic millimetres  Maximum 540  DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of glazed 
tiles intended for use on floors d Report abrasion class and cycles passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion e   
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  DMS 1701 -11 
 
  
41 
 Table K.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Frost resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres per  
metre e Test method available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles only where required 
GL: Δ E < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Requirements  Test 
Resistance to staining    
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e Test method available  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals    
Resistance to low concentrations of acids and 
alkalis  Manufacturer is to state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of acids 
and alkalis e Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and swim - 
ming pool salts  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour  are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregularities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desi rable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet height s, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
h For rectangular tiles with longer edge ≥60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge ≥3, only d L and percent deviation 
dL/S are applicable. See DMS 1701 -2. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
42 
 Annex L  
(normative)  
 
Dry-pressed ceramic tiles Ev > 10 % Group BIII  
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table L.1 . 
 
Table L.1 — Requirements for dry -pressed ceramic tiles — Group BIII, Ev > 10 %  
 
1 2 3 4 5 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Length and width   whichever is less 
is 
applicable   
The manufacturer shall choose the work size 
as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 1.5 mm 
and 5 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size and 
the nominal size is not more than ±2 
% (max. ±5 mm).      
For non -rectified tiles, the deviation of the 
average size for each tile (two or four sides) 
from the work size, Sw  
±0.9  
±0.6  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the correspond - 
ing work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 1.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness      
a) The thickness shall be specified by 
the manufacturer h     
b) The deviation of the average thickness 
of each tile from the work size 
thickness h ±0.5 ±10 ±0.5 DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)      
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from straightness related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from straightness related to the correspond - 
ing work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
± 0.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b, i     
For non -rectified tiles, the maximum devia - 
tion from rectangularity related to the cor - 
responding work sizes   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
For rectified tiles, the maximum deviation 
from rectangularity related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±0.4  
±0.3  
±1.5  
DMS 1701 -2  
43 
 Table L.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm 
mm % mm 
Surface flatness   whichever is less is  
applicable   
The maximum deviation from flatness:      
a) for non -rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.8  
±0.5  
±2.0  
DMS 1701 -2 
b) for rectified tiles, centre curvature, 
related to diagonal calculated from the 
work sizes;   
±0.6  
±0.4  
±1.8  
DMS 1701 -2 
c) for non -rectified tiles, edge curvature, 
related to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
d) for rectified tiles, edge curvature, related 
to the corresponding work sizes;  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
e) for non -rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.8 ±0.5 ±2.0 DMS 1701 -2 
f) for rectified tiles, warpage, related to 
diagonal calculated from the work sizes.  ±0.6 ±0.4 ±1.8 DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)      
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 mm Figure 3  
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the manufacturer 
and as shown in one of the examples in 
Figure 3  Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be free 
from visible defects which can impair the ap - 
pearance of a major area of tiles   
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Requirements  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction  Ev > 10 %. Where the average exceeds 20 
%, this shall be indicated by the manufacturer 
Individual minimum value 9 %   
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons g   
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 200  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per 
square  millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking strength  
≥3 000 N    
DMS 1701 -4 
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Minimum 12  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Minimum 15  DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance    
Resistance to surface abrasion of glazed 
tiles intended for use on floors d Report abrasion class and cycles passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion e   
From ambient tempera ture to 100°C   Test method available  DMS 1701 -8 
  
44 
 Table L.1 (continued)  
 
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Nominal size N   
Test 7 cm ≤ N < 15 cm  N ≥ 15 cm  
mm % mm 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres per  
metre e Test method available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles only where required 
GL: Δ E < 0.75 
UGL: Δ E < 1.0  
DMS 1701 -16 
Impact resistance e Test method available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Requirements  Test 
Resistance to staining    
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
Resistance to chemicals    
Resistance to low concentrations of acids 
and alkalis  Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals and 
swimming pool salts  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour  are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregularities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desi rable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the cr azing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g Tiles with breaking strength less than 400 N are intended for use on walls only  and the manufacturer is required to specify the intended 
use. 
 
h Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  
with Figure 3 . 
 
i For rectangular tiles with longer edge  ≥60 cm, and ratio between longer edge and shorter edge ≥3, only d L and percent deviation 
dL/S are applicable. See DMS 1701 -2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
45 
 Annex M  
(normative)  
 
Extrude d cerami c tiles with low wate r absorption Ev ≤ 0.5 % Group AI a 
 
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties are required to be in 
accordance with Table M.1 . 
 
Table M.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles — Group AI a, Ev < 0.5 % 
 
1 2 3 4 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Length and width     
The manufacturer shall choose the work 
size as follows:  
 
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a 
nominal joint width of between 3 mm 
and 11 mm a; 
b) for non -modular tiles so that the 
difference between the work size 
and the nominal size is not more 
than ±3 mm.     
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the work size, Sw ±1.0 % to a 
maximum of ±2 mm  ±2.0 % to a 
maximum of ±4 mm   
DMS 1701 -2 
The deviation, in percent, of the average 
size for each tile (two or four sides) from 
the average size of the 10 test 
specimens (20 or 40 sides)   
±1.0 %  
±1.5 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Thickness     
a) The thickness shall be specified 
by the manufacturer h    
b) The deviation, in percent, of the 
average thickness of each tile 
from the work size thickness h  
±10 %   
±10 %   
DMS 1701 -2 
Straightness of sides b (facial sides)     
The maximum deviation from straight - 
ness, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding  work sizes   
±0.5 %  
±0.6 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Rectangularity b    
The maximum deviation from rectangu - 
larity, in percent, related to the corre - 
sponding work sizes   
±1.0 %  
±1.0 %  
DMS 1701 -2 
Surface flatness     
The maximum deviation from flatness, in  
percent:     
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work sizes;  ±0.5 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
b) edge curvature, related to the 
corresponding work  ±0.5 %  ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2  
46 
 Table M.1 (continued)  
 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
c) warpage, related to diagonal 
calculated from the work 
sizes.  ±0.8 % ±1.5 % DMS 1701 -2 
Back feet (if specified)     
a) Height, h, for tiles of surface area, A   
49 cm2 ≤ A < 60 cm2 Minimum h = 0.7 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
A ≥ 60 cm2 Minimum h = 1.5 mm; Maximum h = 3.5 
mm Figure 3  
 
b) Shape  Back feet as specified by the 
manufacturer and as shown in one of the 
examples in Figure 3   
Figure 3  
Example 1 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L1 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 2 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L2 > 0 Figure 3  
Example 3 (see Figure 3 ) L0 − L3 > 0 Figure 3  
 
Surface quality c A minimum of 95 % of the tiles are to be 
free from visible defects which can impair 
the appearance of a major area of tiles  
DMS 1701 -2 
Physical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Water absorption  
Percent mass fraction g Ev ≤ 0.5 % 
Individual maximum 
0.6 % Ev ≤ 0.5 % 
Individual maximum 
0.6 %  
DMS 1701 -3 
Breaking strength, in Newtons     
a) Thickness ≥ 7.5 mm Not less than 1  300 Not less than 1 300  DMS 1701 -4 
b) Thickness < 7.5 mm Not less than 600  Not less than 600  DMS 1701 -4 
Modulus of rupture, in Newtons per  
square millimetre  
Not applicable to tiles with breaking 
strength ≥3 000 N  Minimum 28 
Individual minimum 
21 Minimum 28 
Individual minimum 
21  
DMS 1701 -4 
Abrasion resistance     
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of 
unglazed tiles: removed volume, 
in cubic millimetres   
Maximum 275   
Maximum 275   
DMS 1701 -6 
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of 
glazed tiles intended for use on 
floors d Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  Report abrasion 
class and cycles 
passed  DMS 1701 -7 
Coefficient of linear thermal 
expansion e    
From ambient temperature to 100 °C  Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -8 
Thermal shock resistance e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -9 
Crazing resistance : glazed tiles f Required  Required  DMS 1701 -11 
Frost resistance  Required  Required  DMS 1701 -12 
Moisture expansion, in millimetres 
per metre e Test method available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -10 
 
Small colour differences e Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0 Plain coloured tiles 
only where required  
GL: Δ E < 0.75 UGL: 
ΔE < 1.0  
 
DMS 1701 -16 
  
47 
 Table M.1 (continued)  
 
Impact resistance  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -5 
Chemical property  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to staining     
a) Glazed tiles  Minimum class 3  Minimum class 3  DMS 1701 -14 
b) Unglazed tiles e  Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -14 
Dimensions and surface quality  Precision  Natural  Test 
Resistance to chemicals     
Resistance to low concentrations of 
acids and alkalis  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  Manufacturer is to 
state classification  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -13 
Resistance to household chemicals 
and swimming pool salts  Minimum B  Minimum B  DMS 1701 -13 
Lead and cadmium release e Test method 
available  Test method 
available  DMS 1701 -15 
a Similar joint widths are to be used to apply to traditional systems based on non -metric sizes.  
 
b Not applicable to tiles having curved shapes.  
 
c As a result of firing, slight variations from this standard colour  are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional irregularities of colour 
variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour variation over a tile area w hich is 
characteristic for this type of tile and desi rable. Spots or coloured dots which are introduced for decorative purposes are not considered 
a defect.  
 
d Use Annex N  for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed tiles intended for use on floors.  
 
e Annex P  gives information regarding requirements which are non -compulsory but which are listed as “test method available”.  
 
f Certain decorative effects can have a tendency to craze. These are to be identified by the manufacturer , in which case the crazing 
test given in DMS 1701 -11 is not applicable.  
 
g A fully vitrified tile is a tile with water absorption of a maximum individual value of 0.5 % (porcelain tile).  
 
h Where applicable, tile thickness shall include the addition of back feet heights, as measured in accordance  with Figure 3 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
48 
 Annex N  
(informative)  
 
Classification of glazed tiles for floors according to their abrasion resistance  
 
This approximate classification is given for guidance only (see DMS 1701 -7). It is not to be taken to provide 
accurate product specifications for specific requirements.  
 
Class 0      Glazed tiles in this class are not recommended for use on floors.  
 
Class 1  Floor coverings in areas which are walked on, essentially with soft -soled footwear or bare feet 
without scratching dirt (for example residential bathrooms and bedrooms without direct access 
from the outside).  
 
Class 2  Floor coverings in areas which are walked on by soft -soled or normal footwear, with, at the most, 
occasional small amounts of scratching dirt (for example rooms in the living areas of homes, but 
with the exception of kitchens, entrances and other rooms which can have a lot of traffic). This  
does not apply to abnormal footwear, for example hobnailed boots.  
 
Class 3  Floor coverings in areas which, with normal footwear, are walked on more often with small 
amounts of scratching dirt (for example residential kitchens, halls, corridors, balconies,  loggias 
and terraces). This does not apply to abnormal footwear, for example hob - nailed boots.  
 
Class 4  Floor coverings which are walked on by regular traffic with some scratching dirt so that the 
conditions are more severe than class 3 (for example entr ances, commercial kitchens, hotel, 
exhibition and sale rooms).  
 
Class 5  Floor coverings which are subjected to severe pedestrian traffic over sustained periods with some 
scratching dirt, so that the conditions are the most severe for which glazed floor til es are to be 
suitable (for example public areas, such as shopping centres, airport concourses, hotel foyers, 
public walkways and industrial applications).  
 
This classification is valid for the given applications under normal conditions. Consideration shoul d be given to 
the footwear, type of traffic and cleaning methods expected, and the floors should be adequately protected 
against scratching dirt at the entrances to buildings by interposing footwear cleaning devices. In extreme cases 
of very heavy traffic and quantities of scratching dirt, unglazed floor tiles and quarries from Group I may be 
considered.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
49 
 Annex O  
(informative)  
 
Intentionally blank  
 
This annex is intentionally left blank. This is as a convenience to producers in order to avoid changes to 
packaging and related costs. In addition, at the time of publication, the market offers consumers various 
products identified by the matching annex headings of this document.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
50 
 Annex P  
(informative)  
 
Test methods  
 
A number of test methods that are included in this International Standard are available on request, but do not 
form part of the compulsory test requirements. The purpose of this annex is to provide explanatory comments 
on the inclusion of these tests and other pertinent information.  
 
DMS 1701 -5: This test is intended only for testing tiles which are used in areas where impact resistance is 
considered to be of particular importance. The normal requirement for light -duty installa tions is a coefficient of 
restitution of 0.55. For heavier duty applications, a higher figure is required.  
 
DMS 1701 -8: Most ceramic tiles have low levels of linear thermal expansion. This test is intended for tiles 
which are installed in conditions of high thermal variation.  
 
DMS 1701 -9: All ceramic tiles withstand high temperatures. This test is to be applied to any cera mic tile which 
is subjected to localized thermal shock.  
 
DMS 1701 -10: The majority of glazed and unglazed tiles have negligible moisture expansion, which does not 
contribute to tiling problems if tiles are correctly fixed (installed). However, with unsatis factory fixing practices 
or in certain climatic conditions, moisture expansion in excess of 0.06 % ( 0.6 mm/m) can contribute to 
problems.  
 
DMS 1701 -12: This test is compulsory only for products which are intended to be specified for use where frost 
can app ly. The test is not required for product groups which are generally unsuitable for use where frost is 
present.  
 
DMS 1701 -13: Ceramic tiles are normally resistant to common chemicals. The test for high concentrations of 
acids and alkalis is intended for cer amic tiles which are to be used in potentially corrosive conditions.  
 
DMS 1701 -14: This test is compulsory for glazed tiles. For unglazed tiles, where staining is a problem, it is 
recommended that the manufacturer be consulted. This method does not address  the temporary colour 
changes which can occur in certain types of glazed tile due to the absorption of water in the body under the 
glaze.  
 
DMS 1701 -15: This test is intended for glazed tiles which are used on worktops and on wall surfaces where 
food prepar ation takes place, and in cases where food is to be in direct contact with the glazed tile surface. 
For indicative limits, see Directive 2005/31/EC.  
 
DMS 1701 -16: This test is only applicable to plain coloured  glazed or unglazed tiles and is considered to be of 
importance in certain specialized circumstances. It is to be used only where small colour differences between 
plain coloured tiles are important in a specification.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
51 
 Annex Q  
(informative)  
 
Intentionally blank  
 
This annex is intentionally left blank. This is as a convenience to producers in order to avoid changes to 
packaging and related costs. In addition, at the time of publication, the market offers consumers various 
products identified by  the matching annex headings of this document.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
52 
 Annex R  
(informative)  
Symbols recommended for use  
 
The use of symbols on packaging and/or literature is not a requirement except where stated; however, the 
symbols shown in Table R.1  are recommended to indicate intended use.  
 
Table R.1 — Recommended symbols  
 
1 2 3 
Symbol  Description/application  ISO/IEC registration  
number  
   
 
 
   ceramic tile suitable for use on floors  ISO_7000_3622  
   
 
 
   ceramic tile suitable for use on walls  ISO_7000_3623  
 
 glazed tile intended for use on floors according to its 
abrasion resistance (see Annex N ) Not applicable  
   
 
 
   frost-resistant ceramic tile  ISO_7000_3624  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
53 
 Bibliography  
 
[1] European Commission, European Commission Directive 2005/31/EC of 29 April 2005 amending Council 
Directive 84/500/EEC as regards a declaration of compliance and performance criteria of the analytical 
method for ceramic articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs  
 
[2] ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment — Registered symbols  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 ICS 01.040.91; 91.100.23                                       DMS 1 728:2021 
First edition  
ISO 13006:2018  
IDT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
THE MALAWI BUREAU OF STANDARDS  
 
The Malawi Bureau of Standards is the 
standardizing body in Malawi under the aegis 
of the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Set up in 
1972 by the Malawi Bureau of Standards Act 
(Cap: 51:02), the Bureau is a parastatal body 
whose activities aim at formulating  and 
promoting the general adoption of standards 
relating to structures, commodities, materials, 
practices, operations and from time to time 
revise, alter and amend the same to 
incorporate advanced technology.  CERTIFICATION MARK SCHEME  
 
To bring the advantages of standardization 
within the reach of the common consumer, the 
Bureau operates a Certification Mark 
Scheme. Under this scheme, manufacturers 
who produce goods that conform to national 
standards are granted permits to use the 
Bureau’s “Mark of Q uality” depicted below on 
their products. This Mark gives confidence to 
the consumer of the commodity’s reliability.