Import Health Standard  
Issued under the Biosecurity Act 1993   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Fresh Orange ( Citrus 
sinensis ) for Human 
Consumption  
ORANGE -IHS.FP  
20 April 2022  
 Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  1 of 17 
TITLE  
Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption  
COMMENCEMEN T 
This Import Health Standard  comes into force on  date of signing .  
ISSUING AUTHORITY  
This Import Health Standard  is issued  under section 24A of the Biosecurity Act 1993.  
 
Dated at Wellington,  20 April 2022  
 
 
Peter Thomson  
Director, Animal and Plant Health  
Ministry for Primary Industries  
(acting under delegated authority of the Direc tor-General)  
 
For further information, contact:  
Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI)  
Biosecurity New Zealand  
Animal and Plant Health  
PO Box 2526  
Wellington 6140  
 
Email: plantimports@mpi.govt.nz   
 Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  2 of 17 
Contents  Page 
Introduction  3 
Part 1:  General Requirements  5 
1.1 Application  5 
1.2 Incorporation by reference  5 
1.3 Definitions  6 
1.4 General requirements for fresh orange  6 
Part 2:  Specific Requirements  7 
2.1 Basic Measures  7 
2.2 Targeted Measures  7 
2.3 MPI-Specified Measures  8 
Part 3:  Inspection, Verific ation and Documentation Requirements  10 
3.1 Phytosanitary inspection  10 
3.2 Phytosanitary certification  10 
3.3 Additional declarations  11 
Schedule 1: Definitions  12 
Schedule 2: Vector -transmitted pathogens associated with pests of fresh orange  16 
Schedule 3: Phytosanitary treatments approved as MPI -Specified Measures for pests of 
fresh  orange  17 
 
 
 Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  3 of 17 
Introduction  
This introduction  is not part of the  Import Health S tandard (IHS ) but is intended to indicate its general effect.  
Purpose  
An IHS specifies the requirements for importing risk goods into New Zealand.  This IHS specifies the 
requirements that must be met when importing  fresh  orange  fruit for human consumption into New Zealand . 
Background  
An IHS issued under the New Zealand Biosecurity Act  1993  (the Act) specifies the requirements to be met to 
effectively manage biosecurity risks associated with importing risk goods, including the risks from incidentally 
imported new organisms.  IHSs include measu res that must be applied in the exporting country before the risk 
goods are exported.  IHSs also include requirements that must be met by importers during importation, 
including while the risk goods are in transit to New Zealand and held in a transitional f acility. If a consignment 
meets the requirements of the IHS, biosecurity clearance may be given at the MPI inspector’s discretion under 
the Act. 
Post-clearance conditions may also be specified in an IHS . 
Who should read this?  
This IHS should be read by  anyone  involved in the process of importing fresh orange  into New Zealand  (or 
who has an interest in importing fresh  orange ). 
Why is this important?  
It is the responsibility of the importer to ensure that risk goods (i.e. fresh  orange ) comply with the requirements 
of the relevant IHS. Risk goods that do not comply with the requirements of an IHS may not be cleared for 
entry into New Zealand and may be directed for treatment, re shipment , destruction or further action deemed 
appropriate by a chief technical officer . The pathway may be suspended if certain types of viable regulated 
pests or weed seeds are intercepted on the consignment.  
Importers are liabl e for all associated expenses.   
Equivalence  
A chief technical officer  may consider an application for an equivalent phytosanitary measure to be approved , 
in accordance with section 27(1)(d)(iii) of the Act , different from that provided for in this IHS,  to maintain at 
least the same level of protection assured by the current measure (s).  
Equivalence will be considered with reference to the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures 
(ISPM ) 24. Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equ ivalence of phytosanitary measures . Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  4 of 17 
Document history  
 
This IHS replaces the following sche dules in the IHS Importation and Clearance of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables 
into New Zealand:  
• Orange, Citrus sinensis, Australia  
• Orange, Citrus sinensis , Mexico  
• Orange, Citrus sinensis, Spain  
• Orange, Citrus sinensis , United States of America (State of California)  
• Orange, Citrus sinensis , Vanuatu  
This IHS replaces the following:  
• Import Health Standard Commodity Sub -class: Fresh Fruit/Vegetables Orange, Citrus sinen sis from 
Spain  
• Import Health Standard Commodity Sub -class: Fresh Fruit/Vegetables Citrus, Citrus spp.  from 
Vanuatu  
• Import Health Standard Fresh Orange ( Citrus sinensis ) from Egypt for Human Consumption  
 
Version Date  Section Changed  Change Description  
20 April  2022  All  New document  
 
Other information  
This is not an exhaustive list of compliance requirements , and it is the importer’s responsibility to be familiar 
with and comply with all New Zealand laws.  
Guidance boxes are included within this IHS for explanatory purposes. The guidance included in these boxes 
is for information only and has no legal effect.  
Within this IHS, terms printed in bold have the same meaning as that set out and defined in ISPM 5. Glossary 
of phytosanitary terms, the Act or in this IHS  (Schedule 1) . 
The import requirements for other citrus species are stated in separate commodity IHSs . Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  5 of 17 
Part 1:  General Requirements  
1.1 Application  
(1) This import health standard ( IHS) applies to fresh orange  fruit (Citrus sinensis ) with or without a navel, 
imported for human consump tion (‘fresh  orange ’). 
(2) Another scientific name  used  for Citrus sinensis is Citrus iyo . 
(3) A single  unit for the purpose o f this IHS is an individual fresh orange  fruit. 
 
Guidance  
• The fruit may have the calyx attached but not the stem, leaves or other plant parts.  
• Hybrids between species can be imported but only when each species is an approved commodity , i.e. 
each species must have an IHS. The hybrid should meet the requirements specified in the IHS for each 
species in the hybrid.  For example, orangelo  (Citrus paradisi × Citrus sinensis ) should meet the 
requirements specified in the standard  for grapefruit ( Citrus paradisi ) and the standard for orange ( Citrus 
sinensis ). The exception to this is whe n specific hybrid species have been assessed and approved for 
import. In such cases, the approved hybrid species will be listed in an IHS.  
• Some  processed  fresh commodities (commercially manufactured and processed fruit s and vegetables 
of specific commercia l brands that have undergone pre -export assessment by the Ministry for Primary 
Industries ( MPI) ) can be found on the MPI website in  “Processed” Fresh Commodities . These 
commodities  are not consider ed risk goods  and do not need to comply with the requirements of this IHS. 
To apply to have  a processed fresh commodity  assessed to be listed , contact 
PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz . 
• Frozen, cooked, pickled, pureed or dried commodities  for human consumption are covered by  IHS 
Stored Plant Products for Hum an C onsumption .  
• Import  requirements for trade samples for evaluation are covered by IHS Research samples (excluding 
animal samples) . 
• Import  requirements for importing private consignments of fresh fruits and vegetables  are covered by 
the IHS Personal Consignments of Products for Human Consumption and Personal Effects . 
 
1.2 Incorporation by reference  
(1) The following documents are incorporated by reference under section 142M of the New Zealand 
Biosecurity Act 1993 (the  Act): 
a) ISPM 4. Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas . IPPC, FAO ; Rome . 
b) ISPM 5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms . IPPC, FAO ; Rome . 
c) ISPM 7. Phytosanitary certification system . IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
d) ISPM 10. Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest free 
production sites . IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
e) ISPM 12. Phytosanitary certi ficates . IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
f) ISPM 14. The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management . 
IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
g) ISPM 23. Guidelines for inspection . IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
h) ISPM 26. Establishment of pest free areas for fruit flies (Tephritida e). IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
i) ISPM 28. Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests. IPPC, FAO ; Rome . 
j) ISPM 31. Methodologies for sampling of consignments . IPPC, FAO ; Rome .  
k) Official New Zealand Pest  Register (ONZPR).  MPI; Wellington . 
l) MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds. MPI ; Wellington . Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  6 of 17 
(2) Under section 142O(3) of the Act , it is declared that section 142O(1) does not apply, that is, a notice 
under section 142O(2) of the Act  is not required to be published before material that amends or 
replaces any material incorporated by reference has legal effect as part of those documents.  
1.3 Definitions  
(1) Definitions are listed in Schedule 1.  
1.4 General  requirements for fresh orange  
(1) Importers may only import fresh orange  from a country where the NPPO has provided evidence to the 
satisfaction of a chief technical officer  that the exporting country has a phytosanitary certification 
system that complies with ISPM 7. Phytosanitary certification system . The phytosanitary certi fication 
system (including programmes and standards) must demonstrate the process used to provide export 
assurance . 
(2) For commodities which have regulated pests that require Targeted Measures  or MPI -Specified 
Measures , importers may only import those commodities from a country where a bilateral arrangement  
has been approved by a chief technical officer .  
(3) Consignments of fresh orange  imported  into New Zealand must:  
a) meet the specific requirements in Part 2 Specific Require ments ; 
b) be washed and brushed in the packhouse prior to export ; 
c) be considered to be free from contamination, regulated pests and other extraneous material ; 
d) be packaged  in clean and either new or refurbished material;  
e) be secured  in a manner to prevent conta mination ; and 
f) be accompanied by documentation that meets the requirements of Part 3  Inspection, Verification 
and Documentation Requirement s. 
 
Guidance  
• Countries that meet the requirements in 1.4 (1) and (2) and are approved to trade fresh orange  are 
listed in the online pest database .  
• Bilateral arrangements are not publicly available  because  they are government -to-government 
documents . However , a summary can be provided on request.  
• There is a  list of pests associated with fresh orange  in the online pest database . 
• The full list of regulated and non -regulated pests for New Zealand is in ONZPR . Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  7 of 17 
Part 2:  Specific Requirements  
2.1 Basic Measures  
(1) Fresh orange  must be sourced from a production system  that uses standard commercial production 
methods.  
2.2 Targeted Measures  
(1) The following pests  require Targeted Measures : 
a) Brevipalpus californicus  [V] 
b) Brevipal pus obovatus [V] 
c) Brevipal pus phoenic is sensu lato [V] 
d) Caliothrips fasciatus  (on navel orange only)  
e) Chaetanaphothrips orchidii  
f) Diaphorina citri [V] 
g) Eotetranychus lewisi  
h) Nipaecoccus viridis  
i) Phyllosticta citricarpa  
j) Planococcus kraunhiae  
k) Planococcus minor  
l) Scirtothrips dorsalis  
m) Tetranychus kanzawai  
n) Trioza erytreae [V] 
(2) At least one  of the following Targeted Measures  must be applied in relation to fresh orange  to manage 
each of the pests l isted in 2.2  (1): 
a) Country freedom : A chief technical officer is satisfied that a country is free of the pest in 
accordance with ISPM 4. Requirement s for the establishment of pest free areas  or ISPM 8. 
Determination of pest status in an area . 
b) Pest-free area : The fresh orange  is sourced from a pest -free area established in accordance with 
ISPM 4. Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas  or ISPM 8. Determination of pest 
status in an area . 
c) Pest-free place of production : The fresh orange  is sourced from a pest free place of production 
established in accordance with ISPM 10. Requirements for the establishment of pest free places 
of prod uction and pest free production  sites . 
d) Appropriate pest control activities : Pest control activities are applied when/where appropriate in 
the production and/or post -harvest system for the effective management of a pest.  
e) Phytosanitary treatments : A phytosan itary treatment that is effective for managing a pest is 
applied prior to export or in transit to New Zealand.  This includes treatment s specified in relevant 
annex es of ISPM 28. Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests . 
f) Systems approach : Different measures, at least two of which act independently, are integrated 
and have  a cumulative effect that is effective for managing the pest(s) in accordance with 
ISPM  14. The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management . 
 
Guidance  
• To manage the risk of introducing vector -transmitted pathogens to New Zealand, MPI regulates the 
entry of pests acting as vectors ( marked with  [V] in 2.2 (1)). On their own, vector pests may be managed 
by Targeted Measures or  Basic Measures or  they may be present in New Zealand and categorised as a 
non-regulated pest. However, if a vector -transmitted pathogen is present in the exporting country, 
additional measures may be required for vector pests on exports  from that country.  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  8 of 17 
• Schedule 2  has a list of the pathogens transmitted by vectors and the vectors that  transmit them . 
• The online pest database  has country -specific pest lists for each commodity. It also  lists the 
phytosanitary measure s that MPI and the NPPO of the exporting country  have agreed on  to manage 
each pest.  
2.3 MPI-Specified Measures  
(1) The following pests  require MPI-Specified Measures : 
a) Anastrepha fraterculus  
b) Anastrepha ludens  
c) Anastrepha obliqua  
d) Anastrepha serpentina  
e) Anastrepha sororcula  
f) Anastrepha striata  
g) Anastrepha suspensa  
h) Bactrocera aquilonis  
i) Bactrocera carambolae  
j) Bactrocera correcta  
k) Bactrocera curvipennis  
l) Bactrocera dorsalis  
m) Bactroc era frauenfeldi  
n) Bactrocera jarvisi  
o) Bactrocera kirki  
p) Bactrocera kraussi  
q) Bactrocera latifrons  
r) Bactrocera melanotus  
s) Bactrocera melas  
t) Bactrocera minax  
u) Bactrocera species near passiflorae  
v) Bactrocera neohumeralis  
w) Bactrocera passiflorae  
x) Bactrocera psidii  
y) Bactrocera trilineola  
z) Bactrocera trivialis  
aa) Bactrocera tryoni  
bb) Bactrocera tsuneonis  
cc) Bactrocera xanthodes  
dd) Bactrocera zonata  
ee) Ceratitis capitata  
ff) Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Bactrocera cucurbitae ) 
gg) Zeugodacus tau  
(2) At least one of the following MPI-Specified Measures must be applied in relation to fresh orange to 
manage each of the pests listed in 2.3 (1):  
a) Country freedom : A chief technical officer is satisfied that a country is free of the pest in 
accordance with ISPM 4. Requirements for the est ablishment of pest free areas or ISPM 8. 
Determination of pest status in an area.  
b) Pest-free area : The fresh orange  is sourced from a pest -free area established in accordance with  
ISPM 4. Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas or ISPM 26.  Establishment of 
pest free areas for fruit flies  (Tephritidae) . 
c) Phytosanitary treatments : A phytosanitary treatment is applied prior to export or in transit to New 
Zealand. The treatment mus t be in accordance with a treatment specified in a relevant annex of  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  9 of 17 
ISPM 28. Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests or any other treatment specified in 
Schedule 3.  
d) Systems approach : Different measures, at least two of which act independently, are in tegrated 
and have  a cumulative effect that is effective for managing the pest(s) in accordance with 
ISPM  14. The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management  and 
ISPM  35. Systems approach for pest risk management  of fruit flies  (Tephritidae).  
 
Guidance  
• The online pest database  has country -specific pest lists for each commodity. It also  lists the 
phytosanitary measure s that  MPI and the NPPO of the exporting country have agreed on to  manage 
each pest . 
 Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  10 of 17 
Part 3:  Inspection, Verification and Documentation 
Requirements  
3.1 Phytosanitary inspection  
(1) The NPPO  of the exporting country must:  
a) sample each homogeneous grower lot of fresh  orange . The minimum sample size for inspection 
must be based on a 95% confidence level that no more than 0.5% of th e units in the lot are 
infested  as set out in ISPM 31 . Methodolog ies for sampling of consignments  Appendix 2;  
b) visually inspect each sample unit according to official phytosanitary procedures in accordance 
with ISPM 23 . Guidelines for inspection ; 
c) verify that the requirements of Part 1 General  Requirements have been met and verify that the 
phytosanitary measures in Part 2  Specific Requirements  have been applied ;  
d) reconcile that the number of packages presented for inspection is consistent with documenta tion; 
e) verify that traceability labelling is complete; and  
f) verify t hat phytosanitary security is maintained for the consignment . 
(2) The NPPO must contact MPI to establish the regulatory status of any pests not listed in ONZPR  and 
found during  an inspection.  
3.2 Phytosanitary certification  
(1) Each consignment must meet the requirements set out in Part 3.1 Phytosanitary inspection  and be 
accompanied by a phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO in accordance with ISPM 12. 
Phytosanitary certificates . 
(2) The phytosanitary certificate  must include  the following where  applicable : 
a) Sufficient detail to enable identification of the consi gnment  and its component parts. Information 
must include country/place of origin.   
b) The scientific name of fresh  orange , Citrus sinensis , or the other used name,  Citrus iyo . 
c) Full details of any phytosanitary  treatments applied to fresh orange  in the “Disinf estation and /or 
Disinfection Treatment” section  of the phytosanitary certificate or as an NPPO -endorsed 
attachment to the phytosanitary certificate. All details of the treatment applied must be recorded, 
e.g. minimum irradiation dose, duration and  temperat ure, chemical (active ingredient) and 
concentration . 
d) The following certifying statement , or a variation that is compliant with ISPM 12. Phytosanitary 
certificates  and has been approved by a chief technical officer : 
i) “This is to certify that the plants, plant products or other regulated articles described herein 
have been inspected and/or tested according to appropriate official procedures and are 
considered to be free from the quarantine pests specified by the importing contracting 
party and to c onform with the current phytosanitary requirements of the importing 
contracting party, including those for regulated non -quarantine pests .” 
e) Any additional declaration  specified in Part 3.3 Additional declarations . 
(3) When the consignment is treated in  transit : 
a) the phytosanitary certificate must state “Treated in transit” in the “Disinfestation and/ or 
Disinfection Treatment” section  of the phytosanitary certificate ; and  
b) the importer must provide evidence of the in -transit treatment  record (includin g temperature and 
duration) .  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  11 of 17 
(4) If a consignment of fresh orange  is opened, split up or has its packaging changed before  it arrives in 
New Zealand, a phytosanitary certificate for re -export is required from the transiting country, in 
accordance with ISPM 12. Phytosanitary certificates, and must accompany each consignment . 
 
Guidance  
• If the phytosanitary requirements are not met, a phytosanitary certificate should not be issued. The 
bilateral arrangement may list remedial actions that can be taken for different p roblems. Exporting 
countries may apply a remedial action to remove a viable regulated pest or contamination from a 
consignment prior to certification. The details of the remedial action do not need to be recorded on the 
phytosanitary certificate unless rec ording these details has been specified in the bilateral arrangement . 
3.3 Additional declarations  
(1) If there is a pest listed in 2.2 (1) or 2.3 (1) where a country does not have country freedom from the 
pest (2.2 (2) a) or 2.3 (2) a)), the phytosanitary certificate must contain the following additional 
declaration :  
a) “This consignment was produced and prepared for export in accordance with the agreed bilateral 
arrangement .” 
(2) The phytosanitary certificate must contain the following additional declaration for each pest listed in 2.3 
(1) where the country does not have country freedom from the pest(s):  
a) “This  consignment [insert name of approved measure from bilateral arrangement] for [name of 
pest].”  
(3) The additional declaration required  under 3.3 (2) a) must be repeated for each pest listed in 2.3 (1) and 
its approved measure as outlined in the bilateral arrangement.  
 
Guidance  
• Some e xamples of the additional declaration  mentioned in  3.3 (2) a) are “This consignment was 
sourced from a pes t-free area  for Bactrocera dorsalis ,” and “This consignment was cold -treated  for 
Bactrocera dorsalis .” Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  12 of 17 
Schedule  1: Definitions  
Derived forms of terms defined in ISPM 5.  Glossary of phytosanitary terms  or the New Zealand Biosecurity 
Act 1993 (for example inspect  from inspection ) are considered to have the same meaning as the defined term.  
additional declaration  
Definition as per ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
arrive in New Zealand  
Definition as per the Act  
bilateral arrangement  
An export plan, bilateral quarantine arrangement or official assurance programme, negotiated between MPI 
and the NPPO  of an exporting country, that details how the exporting country will meet the import  
requirements (Targeted Measures and/or MPI -Specified Measures) for New Zealand  
biosecurity clearance (including clearance/cleared ) 
Definition as per the Act  
chief technical officer (CTO)  
Definition as per the Act  
commercial production  
A process (system) where activities, such as in -field monitoring,  general  pest control activities , harvesting, 
cleaning , sorting, and grading have been undertaken . These activities are carried out to minimise:  
b) the presence of regulated pests ; and  
c) damage which  may be a result of the presence of a regulated pest or could expose the 
commodity to regulated pests . 
commodity  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
consignment  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
contamination  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
entry (of a consignment ) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary term s 
entry (of a pest) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
equivalence  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
extraneous material  
Any plant  material that is not part of the commodity  description  
FAO  
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
free from (of a consignment, field or place of production ) 
Definition as per  ISPM 5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  13 of 17 
fresh  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
fruits and vegetables  
Fresh  parts of plants  intended for consumption or processing and not for planting  
import  
Definition as per the Act  
import health standard (IHS)  
Definition as per the Act  
importation  
Definition as per the Act  
importer  
Definition as per the Act  
in transit  
Refers to risk goods  (consignments ) in the process of being shipped to New Zealand, for example risk goods  
in sea containers on board a vessel  (these risk goods  or consignments  may have treatments  applied while the 
risk goods  are en route to New Zealand ) 
incidentally imported ne w organism  
Definition as per the Act  
infestation  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
inspection  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
inspector  
Definition as per the Act  
interception (of a pest) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
IPPC  
International Plant Protection Convention  
irradiation  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
ISPM  
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures, available from:  https://www.ippc.int/en/core -
activities/standards -setting/ispms/  
lot 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
national plant protection organisation  (NPPO ) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
non-regulated pest  
A pest identified as non -regulated in ONZPR  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  14 of 17 
official  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
Official New Zealand Pest Register (ONZPR ) 
The searchable database of pests  regulated  in New Zealand, including general information about each pest 
as well as specific details for importers and exporters, available at https://pierpestregister.mp i.govt.nz/  
online pest database  
ePest, t he database that gives users a list of pests  and associated phytosanitary measures specific to a 
commodity  from a specific country, available at https://www.mpi.govt.nz/import/food/fresh -fruit-
vegetables/requirements/epest/   
organism  
Definition  as per the Act  
packaging  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
pathogen  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
pathway  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
pest 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
pest control activities  
Activities  (such as  cultural, chemical, biological, physical  and behavi oural ) for the purpose of pest control 
including phytosanitary  measures  such as pest-free area or phytosanitary treatment  
pest-free area  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
pest-free place of production  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
phytosanitary certificate  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
phytosanitary certification  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
phytosanitary measure  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossa ry of phytosanitary terms  
phytosanitary procedure  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
phytosanitary security  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
place of production  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  15 of 17 
plants  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
production system  
The procedures and arrangements for growing, harvesting, packing, and treatment, which include all functions 
required to produce fresh fruits and vegetab les for export  
quarantine  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
re-export (consignment ) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
regulated pest  
A pest identified as a regulated pest in ONZPR  
risk goods  
Definition  as per  the Act  
systems approach  
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
transitional facility  
Definition  as per the Act  
treatment (including treated ) 
Definition as per  ISPM  5. Glossary of phytosanitary terms  
vector  
An organism which can carry or harbour another organism capable of causing harm to human, animal , or 
plant health , or the environment in New Zealand   
vector -transmitted pathogen  
A disease -causing regulated pest that is able to enter New Zealand via a vector associated with an imported 
commodity   
viable  (regulated pest ) 
Any regulated  pest that is capable of reproduction and development, including insects, plants , seeds  and 
other organisms  
weed seeds  
Species on the MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds , available at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/dmsdocument/7111/direct    Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  16 of 17 
Schedule 2: Vector -transmitted pathogens associated with 
pests of fresh orange  
Pests requiring Targeted Measures  on exports from countries where associated vector -transmitted 
pathogens are present  
Pests acting as vectors  Associated vector -transmitted pathogens  
Brevipalpus californicus  
Brevipa lpus obovatus  
Brevipa lpus phoenic is sensu lato  Citrus leprosis viruses  
Diaphorina citri  
Trioza erytreae  Causative agents of huanglongbing disease:  
Candidatus  Liberibacter species  
 
  Import Health Standard : Fresh Orange (Citrus sinensis) for Human Consumption   
  20 April 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries  Page  17 of 17 
Schedule 3: Phytosanitary treatments approved as MPI -
Specified Measures for pests of fresh  orange  
Cold treatments  
Pest  Maximum fruit core temperature kept at  
Anastrepha fraterculus  
Anastrepha obliqua  
Anastrepha serpentina  
Anastrepha sororcula  
Anastrepha striata  1.11 °C or below for 15 continuous days  
OR 
1.67 °C or below for 17 continuous days  
Anastrepha ludens  
Bactrocera carambolae  
Bactrocera correcta  0.56 °C or below for 18 continuous days  
OR 
1.11 °C or below for 20 continuous days  
OR 
1.67 °C or below for 22 continuous days  
Anastrepha suspensa  1.67 °C or below for 1 4 continuous days  
Bactrocera aquilonis  
Bactrocera frauenfeldi  
Bactrocera jarvisi  
Bactrocera kraussi  
Bactrocera melas  
Bactrocera neohumeralis  
Bactrocera trivialis  1 °C or below for 16 continuous days  
Bactrocera dorsalis  1.7 °C or below for 1 5 continuous days  
Bactrocera tryoni  3 °C or below for 1 6 continuous days  
Bactrocera zonata  1.7 °C or below for 18 continuous days  
Ceratitis capitata  1.11 °C or below for 14 continuous days  
OR 
2 °C or below for 16 continuous days  
OR 
2.22 °C or below for 1 8 continuous days  
OR 
3 °C or below for 20 continuous days  
Irradiation treatments  
Pest  Minimum absorbed dose to prevent the 
emergence of adults of the pest  
Anastrepha ludens  70 Gy  
Anastrepha obliqua  70 Gy  
Anastrepha serpentina  100 G y 
Bactrocera jarvisi  100 Gy  
Bactrocera tryoni  100 Gy  
Ceratitis capitata  100 Gy  
Fruit flies of the family  Tephritidae  150 Gy