Import Health Standard  
Issued under the Biosecurity Act 1993   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Seeds for Sowing  
155.02.05  
15 February 2021  
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TITLE  
Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing  
COMMENCEMEN T 
This consolidated Import Health Standard  comes into force on [insert date] , except for the following import 
requirements : 
• Removal of the ELISA testing option for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  on the Capsicum  
specific requirements (section 2. 14.1) and Solanum lycopersicum  specific requirements 
(section 2.74.1)  
The requirements to manage the vir us mentioned above come s into effect on  [insert date] . 
 
This import h ealth standard  amends the Import Health Standard: Seeds for Sowing, which came into force on 
15th February 2021, and consolidates all amendments made up to commencement of this notice.   
 
The amendment history to this import health standard is set out in Appendix 2.  
 
ISSUING AUTHORITY  
This Import Health Standard  is issued  under section 24A of the Biosecurity Act 1993  and incorporates 
amendments made in accordance with section 24B(1)(a) of that Act . 
 
 
 
Dated at Wellington this   day of    2021 
 
 
Director , Animal & Plant Health   
Ministry for Primary Industries  
(acting under dele gated authority of the Director -General)  
 
Contact for further information  
Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI)  
Animal & Plant Health Directorate  
Plant Imports  
PO Box 2526  
Wellington 6140  
Email: plantimports@mpi.govt.nz  
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Contents  Page 
Introduction  5 
Part 1:  General Requirements  7 
1.1 Application  7 
1.2 Incorporation of material by reference  7 
1.3 Definitions  7 
1.4 Requirements for seed for sowing  7 
1.5 Documentation  9 
1.6 Post - entry quarantine  11 
1.7 Seed for sowing of New Zealand origin  12 
1.8 Seed for sowing imported as laboratory specimens  12 
1.9 Seed imported as pelleted seed  13 
Part 2:  Specific Requirements  17 
2.1 Abies  18 
2.2 Acer 19 
2.3 Acrocomia  20 
2.4 Actinidia  21 
2.5 Agropyron  24 
2.6 Agrostis  25 
2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana  26 
2.8 Avena  27 
2.9 Beta 32 
2.10  Brassica napus  33 
2.11  Camellia sinensis  34 
2.12  Camissonia  35 
2.13  Cannabis sativa  36 
2.14  Capsicum  39 
2.15  Carpinus  41 
2.16  Carthamus tinct orius  42 
2.17  Carya  43 
2.18  Castanea  44 
2.19  Cicer  45 
2.20  Citrus  46 
2.21  Cocos  47 
2.22  Coffea  48 
2.23 Coriandrum  49 
2.24  Corylus  50 
2.25  Corypha  51 
2.26  Cucurbitaceae  52 
2.27  Cuminum  56 
2.28  Desmodium  57 
2.29  Echinochloa  58 
2.30  Elaeis  59 
2.31  Eriobotrya  60 
2.32  Fagus  61 
2.33  Fragaria  62 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.34  Glebionis  65 
2.35  Glycine  66 
2.36  Gossypium  68 
2.37  Helianthus  69 
2.38  Hordeum  72 
2.39  Humulus  76 
2.40  Juglans  77 
2.41  Lablab  78 
2.42  Lavandula  79 
2.43  Lens  80 
2.44  Linum usitatissimum  81 
2.45  Lithocarpus densiflorus  82 
2.46  Livistona  83 
2.47  Lophophora williamsii  84 
2.48  Lotus  85 
2.49  Macadamia  86 
2.50  Malus  87 
2.51  Mangifera  89 
2.52  Medicago  90 
2.53  Myrtaceae  91 
2.54  Nicotiana tabacum  92 
2.55  Oxyria  94 
2.56  Panicum  95 
2.57  Papaver somniferum  96 
2.58  Persea  97 
2.59  Petunia  98 
2.60  Phaseolus  100 
2.61  Phoenix  104 
2.62  Pinus  105 
2.63  Pisum  111 
2.64  Populus  114 
2.65  Prunus  115 
2.66  Pseudotsuga men ziesii  117 
2.67  Psophocarpus  121 
2.68  Pyrus  122 
2.69  Quercus  124 
2.70  Ribes  126 
2.71  Rubus  129 
2.72  Sesamum  132 
2.73  Solanum  133 
2.74  Solanum lycopersicum  134 
2.75  Solanum tuberosum  137 
2.76  Sorghum  138 
2.77  Stenotaphrum  139 
2.78  Trigonella foenum -graecum  140 
2.79  Triticum  141 
2.80  Ulmus  145 
2.81  Vaccinium  146 
2.82  Vicia  149 
2.83  Vigna  151 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.84  Vitis 152 
2.85  Zea 154 
Appendix 1: Definitions  161 
Appendix 2: Amendment Record  164 
Appendix 3: Declaration Form  168 
Appendix 4: Species on the Plant Biosecurity Index eligible for import into New Zealand as 
pelleted seeds for sowing.  169 
 
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Introduction  
This introduction is not part of the import health stand ard (IHS),  but is intended to indicate its general effect.  
Purpose  
This IHS specifies the requirements for the importation of seeds intended for sowing in New Zealand.  
Background  
The New Zealand Biosecurity Act 1993 provides the legal basis for excluding, eradicating and effectively 
managing pests and unwanted organisms.  
Each IHS issued under the Act specifies requirements to be met for the effective management of risks 
associated with imported goods that may pose a biosecurity threat to New Zeal and. This IHS includes 
requirements that must be met in the exporting country, during transit and importation, and post clearance if 
specified before biosecurity clearance is given.  
Additional information to the requirements is included in guidance text bo xes. 
Who should read this import health standard?  
This IHS should be read by  anyone involved in the process of importing seed s for sowing into New Zealand 
from all countries and outlines the import requirements that must be met.  
Importers of seed for lab oratory testing, analysis or research (where biosecurity clearance is not required) 
should refer to IHS MPI.STD.PLANTMATERIAL: Dried & Preserved Plant Material, & Fresh Plant Material for 
Testing, Analysis or Research.  
Products containing viable seed that  also contain organic growing media must also meet the requirements of 
the relevant IHS: MPI.STD .FERTGRO:  Fertilisers and Growing Media of Plant Origin . 
Why is this important?  
It is the importers responsibility to ensure the requirements of this IHS are met. Consignments that do not 
comply with the requirements of this IHS may not be cleared for entry into New Zealand and /or further 
information may be sought from importers.  
Importers are liable for all associated expenses.  
Equivalence  
MPI may consider a pre -export application for an equivalent phytosanitary measure to be approved, different 
from that provided for in this IHS, if in the opinion of the Director -General, it is considered to be equivalent to 
the current measures taken for m anaging the risks associated with the importation of those goods.  
Equivalence will be considered with reference to the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures 
(ISPM), Publication No. 24: Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary 
measures (2011).  
 
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Document history  
Refer to Appendix 2 for the amendment record for this IHS.  
Other Information  
This is not an exhaustive list of compliance requirements and it is the importer's responsibility to be familiar 
with and comply with all New Zealand laws.  
Listed below are other New Zealand legislative requirements which may also apply to seeds for sowing.  
Importers of Cannabis sativa , Lophophora williamsii  and Papaver somniferum  must contact the Ministry of 
Health prior to importation for advice on licensing:  
Ministry of Health  
PO Box 5013  
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing  
 
Telephone: 04 496 2018  
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Part 1:  General R equirements   
1.1 Application  
(1) This import health standard  (IHS)  applies to viable seed, and products containing viable seed  
(including  pre-germinated seeds as defined in Appendix 1 ) from species that are listed in the MPI Plant 
Biosecurity Index,  that are imported for the purpose of plantin g.  
(2) This IHS does not apply to species  listed as “requires assessment” or “prohibited entry”  in the MPI 
Plant Biosecurity Index, which are not eligible to be imported under this standard .  
(3) This IHS applies to seed for sowing from any country, unless otherwise specified in Part 2: Specific 
Requirements.  
 
Guidance  
• A guide to importing seeds for sowing  can be found on the MPI website . 
 
1.2 Incorporation of material by reference  
(1) The following documents are incorporated by reference under section 142M of the Act;  
a) ISPM 1  Phytosanitary principles for the protection of plants and the application of 
phytosanitary measures in international t rade. Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
b) ISPM 4  Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
c) ISPM 5 Glossary of phytosanitary terms . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
d) ISPM 10  Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest 
free production sites . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
e) ISPM 12 Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
f) ISPM 20  Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
g) ISPM 38  International movement of seeds . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
h) MPI Biosecurity Organisms Register for Imported Commodities (BORIC) ; 
i) MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments ; 
j) MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds ; 
k) MPI Plants Biosecurity Index (PBI);   
l) MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material ; 
 
(2) Under section 142O(3) of the Act it is  declared that section 142O(1) does not apply, that is, a notice  
under section 142O(2) of the Act is not required to be published before material that amends or 
replaces any material incorporated by reference has legal effect as part of those documents.    
1.3 Definitions  
(1) Definitions that apply to this IHS are listed in Appendix 1.  
1.4 Requirements for seed for sowing  
(1) On arrival in New Zealand, seeds must be made available for inspection  and examination  by MPI 
inspectors at the importer’s expense .  
(2) Seed for sowi ng must meet the following requirements:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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a) all seed for sowing must be clearly identified with the scientific name ( i.e. genus and 
species) ; 
b) all hybrid species must be clearly identified as hybrid species, and either:  
i) listed in the MPI Plant Biosecurity Index  as hybrid species eligible to be imported; 
or 
ii) identified by the scientific names (genus and species) of both parents;  
c) all packaging associated with seed for sowing must be clean, free from soil and other 
contaminants;  
d) all seed for sowing from fleshy fruits (including pods) must have all traces of flesh 
removed, except:  
i) Orchidaceae seed (which may be imported in dry/green pods); or 
ii) when otherwise stated  in Part 2: Specific Requirements.  
e) seed for sowing must be free from the following : 
i) regulated pest(s ) including any quarantine pest (s) as listed  in Part 2: Specific 
Requirements ; 
ii) soil particles greater than 0.1% by weight;  
iii) unidentified seed;  
(3) Quarantine weed seed contamination must not exceed the MPL of 0.01%. To achieve 95% confidence 
that the MPL (of 0. 01% probability) will not be exceeded, no quarantine weeds seeds are permitted (i.e 
acceptance = No. = 0) in a sample(s) drawn and analysed by a MPI – approved method (e.g. ISTA 
sampling methodology as approved by MPI).  
(4) All importers of seed for sowing must make a declaration  to identify whether they are importing 
pelleted seeds or not.  
 
Guidance   
• If undeclared seeds a re detected during inspection the seed consignment will be held until an 
assessment has been made and MPI determine the biosecurity risk of the seeds.  
• The maximum pest limit (MPL) for visually detectable regulated pests on seed for sowing is, at a 95% 
confidence level, not more than 0.5% of the units in the consignment are infested:  
− this equates to an acceptable level of zero units infested by regulated pests in a sample size of a 
minimum of 5kg.  
• Each line of seed must undergo inspection to verify that the  seed and associated documentation is 
compliant with the requirements of this IHS.  
• An officially drawn 5 kilogram sample will be inspected for visually regulated pests from each line (or the 
whole line if less than 5kg).  
• An officially drawn sample will be inspected for contaminants from each line as per MPI current 
procedures.  
• A declaration form to be completed by all importers of seeds for sowing can be found on this link: 
Importer declaration for seed imports . 
1.4.1 Requirements for seed for sowing species listed in the MPI Plant Biosecurity 
Index  (PBI)  as "Basic”  
(1) Seed consignments must meet all the requirements of Part 1: General Requirements.  
 
Guidance   
• In order to facilitate processing, the importer may provide a phytosanitary certificate , which must meet 
the requirements set under Part 1.5.2 of this IHS.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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1.4.2 Requirements for seed for sowing listed in the PBI with specific import 
requirements  
(1) Seed for Sowing under the import specification  as "see 155.02.05 under… “  must meet all the 
requirements of Part 1: General Requirements and any specific requirements in Part 2: Specific 
Requirements.  
1.4.3 Treatment Requirements  
(1) Any approved phytosanitary treatment, as required in Part 2: Specific Requireme nts, must be 
completed either:  
a) offshore prior to export; or  
b) on arrival in New Zealand , at an MPI approved facility at the importer’s expense.   
(2) If performed offshore, the exporting country NPPO must confirm that any treatment(s) as required in 
Part 2: Spec ific Requirements  is endorsed in the disinfestation and/or disinfection treatment section of 
the phytosanitary certificate.  
1.5 Documentation  
1.5.1 Permit to Import  
(1) A permit to import is required if specified in  
a) Part 2: Specific Requirements  or,  
b) seeds are imported as laboratory specimens as per Part 1. 8: Seed for sowing imported as 
laboratory specimen s. 
(2) Any permit , as required in Part 2 or Part 1. 8, must b e presented to MPI at the New Zealand Border 
together with all other required documentation.  
1.5.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) A phytosanitary certificate is required if specified in Part 2: Specific Requirements .  
(2) For consignments arriving with a phytosanitary certificate, the phytosanitary certificate must be issued 
by the exporting country National Plant Protection Organisation (NPPO) in accordance with ISPM 12 : 
Phytosanitary certificates .  
(3) The phytosanitary certificate must include any additional declaration(s) required under Part 2: Specific 
Requirements.  
(4) The phytosanitary certificate mus t certify that the seed has been inspected in accordance with 
appropriate official procedures and found to be free of any visually detectable regulated pests and 
conforms to New Zealand’s import requirements.  
(5) If pests are detected that are not listed in t his IHS or BORIC, the exporting country NPPO must 
establish their regulatory status by contacting MPI prior to issuing the certificate.  
(6) The exporting country NPPO must not issue a phytosanitary certificate if a viable regulated pest is 
detected , unless th e consignment is treated in order to eliminate it.  
(7) If the exporting NPPO is satisfied that the pre -shipment inspection activities have been carried out 
effectively the following declaration, or a variation that is compliant with ISPM 12 : Phytosanitary 
certificates and has been appr oved by MPI prior to shipment must be included on the phytosanitary 
certificate :  
“This is to certify that the plants, plant products or other regulated articles described herein have been 
inspected and/or tested according to appr opriate official procedures and are considered to be free from 
the quarantine pests specified by the importing contracting party and to conform with the current Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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phytosanitary requirements of the importing contracting party, including those for regulated no n-
quarantine pests.”  
 
Guidance  
Phytosanitary certificate  
• Information about the regulated pests for New Zealand is available in BORIC .  
• The phytosanitary certificate should  contain sufficient detail to enable identification of the 
consignment and its component parts.  Information should include:  
– lot number(s);  
– number and description of packages;  
– country/place of origin of the seed; and  
– variety name(s).  
 
Seed analysis certificate (SAC)  
• In order to facilitate processing, the importer may provide a SAC (original or PDF copy), which must 
meet the following criteria:  
– be issued by an ISTA or AOSA accredited seed testing station, or an accredited 
laboratory that follows the ISTA or AOSA metho dology;  
– state the actual weight of the sample examined;  
– state the seed lot number  and aligns with traceability information on the phytosanitary 
certificate (for seeds where phytosanitary certificate is presented) ; 
– be endorsed that the minimum size of the  sample examined was as prescribed for the 
determination of other species by number in ISTA (as published in Seed Science and 
Technology 24, 1996);  
– state the botanical name of each identified species of seed or nematode gall found in the 
sample (any unide ntified genera or species are to be recorded as such);  
– give the percentage of soil particles present in the sample;  
– certify that no quarantine we ed seeds  were present in the sample.  
 
1.5.3 Genetically modified testing certificate  
(1) Genetically modified (GM) testing certificates are required for all consignments of Brassica napus var. 
oleifera , Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum,  Medicago sativa , Zea mays var. indentata and Zea mays 
var. saccharata, unless  stated in the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified 
Plant Material  . 
(2) A GM testing certificate is required for  Cucurbita pepo  (see Cucurbitaceae ), Petunia  and Linum 
usitatissimum  unless a non -GM declaration is provided.  
(3) GM testing c ertificate s must :  
a) state the sampling method used for each seed line (e.g . automatic in -line machine );  
b) contain th e same lot number or unique identifier as stated on all the other import 
documentation  for consignments arriving in New Zealand;  
(4) Testing must  be conducte d by facilities approved by MPI and a copy of the completed test certificate 
must accompany the consignment imported into New Zealand .  
(5) Importers must provide all test records when required by an MPI inspector.  
 
 
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Guidance  
• A non -GM declaration template is provided in Appendix 3 . Refer to specific requireme nts for each 
species in Part 2.  
• Complete guidelines for sampling and testing for the presence of GM seeds are specified in the MPI 
Protocol  for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant M aterial . The MPI Protocol  for 
Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material  and a list of MPI approved facilities 
for testing for genetically modified plant material can be found on MPI website under Genetically 
modified seeds . 
• MPI will examine the test certificates on arrival to confirm that they reconcile with the actual see d for 
sowing.  
• If consignments arrive at the border without having been tested for the presence of GM seeds, MPI 
will offer the importer the options  of re-shipment, destruction, or having the consignment sampled 
and tested according to the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant 
Material  at the importer’s expense.  
• Any consignment that is found to contain unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter New 
Zealand and will be re -shipped or destroyed, unless the importer obta ins an approval to grow the GM 
variety from the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA).  
• All test results must be available to MPI on request.   
1.6 Post  - entry quarantine  
(1) Seed for sowing must be imported into a post entry quarantine (PEQ) facility if required by Part 2: 
Specific Requirements . 
(2) The transi tional (PEQ) facility must be approved to the MPI Facility Standard: Post Entry Quarantine 
for Plants (MPI.STD.PEQ) . 
(3) Seed f or sowing must be actively growing during the quarantine period, and must be tested, treated or 
inspected for regulated pests at the importer’s expense.  
(4) Testing must be undertaken by a diagnostic laboratory approved  by MPI  to 155.04.03: Standard for 
Transitional Facilities for the Identification of Organisms . 
1.6.1 Testing  
(1) The unit for testing is defined as an individual seedling  and each  seedling must be labelled individually 
and tested separately , unless one of the following methods has been used:  
a) Polymerase chain reaction :  
i) samples taken from up to five seedlings of the same species growing  in PEQ  can 
be combined to form a single compos ite sample fo r pre-determined testing by 
polymerase chain reaction (PCR).  
b) Enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay : 
i) for viruses that are not pollen transmitted, sam ples taken from up to five seedlings 
can be combined to form a single composite sample for enzyme -linked 
immunosorbent assay (ELISA ) testing;  
ii) the phytosanitary certificate must be endorsed with an additional declaration (AD)  
stating  that the seeds have been derived from the same p arent p lant. 
c) Graft (woody) indexing:  
i) where prior permission is received from MPI, samples taken from up to five 
seedlings can be combined to form a single composite sample for testing by graft 
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ii) the phytosanitary certificate must be endorsed with an AD  stating  that the seeds 
have been derived from the same p arent p lant. 
1.7 Seed for sowing of New Zealand origin  
(1) Importe rs must make the seeds and  its documentation available for inspection by an MPI inspector .  
(2) Seed for sowing exported from New Zealand, given clearance into the importing country or rejected 
prior to clearance,  may be returned to New Zealand under one of the following circumstances:  
1.7.1  Seed for sowing unopened offshore:  
(1) Product that remains in its original and unopened packaging  must be accompanied  with a re-export 
phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of t he overseas country.  
1.7.2  Seed for sowing opened offshore:  
(1) Seed that has been grown  in New Zealand, exported to another country, packaged in that same 
country and returned to New Zealand, must be accompanied with:  
a) the original or a copy of the New Zealand issu ed phytosanitary certificate,  
b) an export bill of lading; and  
c) a declaration from the overseas packaging company manager; stating that:  
i) the re -exported seed is the same seed as covered by the attached phytosanitary 
certificate and bill of lading; and  
ii) the q uality system used by the company ensures that the seed is not contaminated 
by any other seed lots, residues from grading or packaging machines, or storage 
pests.  
 
Guidance  
• Inspection is required by an MPI inspector to confirm that packaging and labelling  is consistent with the 
documentation provided.  
1.8 Seed for sowing imported as laboratory specimens  
1.8.1 Species of seed listed as ‘Basic’ in the Plant s Biosecurity Index  
(1) A permit to import is not required for seed intended for laboratory testing, analysis or research that is 
listed with a Seed for Sowing import specification of ‘Basic’ in the Plants Biosecurity Index.  
(2) All seed must be clearly identified with its scientifi c name (genus and species) and should be 
accompanied by a statement stating that ‘the seed is being imported for research purposes ’.  
(3) Packaging associated with seed must be clean and free from soil and other contaminants.  
1.8.2 All other species of seed  
(1) Species  of seed for sowing listed in the Plant s Biosecurity Index as “see 155.02.05 under ……” that do 
not meet the requirements of the specific schedule within this IHS, may be imported as laboratory 
specimens for research purposes.  
(2) A request to import must be s ubmitted in the form of a permit to import application. Information must be 
supplied by the importer to identify how the seed for sowing will be maintained in an MPI -approved 
transitional or containment facility , which will be identified on the import perm it.  
(3) Seed for sowing imported as laboratory specimens, and any material derived from the imported seed 
will not be eligible for biosecurity clearance.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(4) Packaging associated with seed must be clean and free from soil and other contaminants.  
 
Guidance  
•  Additional biosecurity requirements will be identified on the import permit.  
1.8.3 Genetically modified seeds  
(1) All Genetically Modified seeds imported as  laboratory specimens  must:  
a) be listed under the PBI as “Basic” or as “see 155.02.05 under ……” ;  
b) have an approval under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 
1996 from the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) ; and  
c) have a  permit for import issued by MPI.  
(2) All packages must be transported by track and trace system to the containment facility specified  on the 
permit to import . 
1.9 Seed imported as pelleted seed  
(1) Only species listed in Appendix 4: Seed species on the Plant Biosecurity Index eligible for import into 
New Zealand of IHS 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  may be imported into New Zealand as pelleted 
seeds for sowing  from all countries .  
(2) Pelleted seed lots of the following species must have a representative sample officially drawn and 
sealed (according to ISTA methodology) from  each lot an d tested for purity at a MPI -approved 
laboratory for the presence o f quarantine weed seeds and other contaminants . 
a)  Beta vulgaris  
b)  Allium cepa  
c)  Allium porrum  
d)  Allium ampeloprasum  
e)  Apium graveolens  
f)  Brassica napus  
g)  Brassica oleracea  
h)  Cichorium intybus  
i)  Cichorium endivia  
j)  Daucus carota  
k)  Foeniculum vulgare  
l)  Pastinacea sativa  
m) Spinacia oleracea  
 
(3) The represen tative seed sample  of species listed in Part 1.9( 2) must comply with the applicable 
requirements in  Parts 1.9(9) to 1.9(11) of this IHS . 
(4) Pelleted seed lots of Solanum lycopersicum  species imported for the purpose of rootstock are not 
required to undergo onshore purity testing.  
(5) If requested by an MPI inspector, p elleted seed lots of all other species listed in Appendix 4 must have 
a representative sample officially drawn and sealed (according to ISTA methodology) from  each lot 
and tested for purity at a MPI -approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and 
other contaminants .  
(6) If a pelleted seed lot  of Lactuca sativa is requested by the MPI inspector  to have a represe ntative 
sample officially drawn and sealed (acc ording to ISTA methodology) and tested for purity at a MPI -
approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and other contaminants , the 
representative sample must comply with the applicable requir ements of Part 1.9 (12) of this IHS.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(7) All imported pelleted seed lots that  are require d to be tested for purity onshore must be held in a MPI -
approved transitional facility pending the return of the laboratory results.   
(8) All importers of Beta vulgaris  (fodder  beet) must make a declaration  that the Beta vulgaris  seed in their 
consignments is not one of the specific seed lots of the following varieties of Beta vulgaris  var rapacea  
- Kyros 16UB128, Bangor 16UB126, Bangor 15UB079, Bangor 16UB114, Feldherr 16UB131 or Troya 
16UB112.   
 
Beta vulgaris seed grown in all countries except Italy   
(9) The representative samp le for pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed grown in all countries except Italy must 
comply with either option 1 or option 2:   
Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, which 
includes an official label issued by the  ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the information below 
will be sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense : 
• that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
• the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
• the species and variety name;  
• the sample weight, and  
• the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
Option 2:  For individual lots of pelleted seed not accompanied by a bare seed  sample, a 
representative sample of at least 31,540 pelleted seeds  will be drawn according to ISTA methodology 
and sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
Beta vulgaris seed grown in Italy  
(10) The repre sentative  sample of pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed grown in Italy must comply with either option 
1 or option 2.  
Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 48,480  seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, which 
includes an official label issued by the ISTA -accredited s eed laboratory stating  the information below 
will be sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense:  
• that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
• the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
• the species and variety name;  
• the sample weight, and  
• the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
Option 2:  For individual lots of pelleted seed not accompanied by a bare seed sample, a 
represe ntative sample of at least 48,480  pelleted seeds  will be drawn according to ISTA methodology 
and sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
Vegetable species grown in all countries ( Allium cepa , Allium porrum , Allium amp eloprasum , Apium 
graveolens , Brassica napus , Brassica oleracea , Cichorium intybus , Cichorium endivia , Daucus carota , 
Foeniculum vulgare , Pastinacea sativa  and Spinacia oleracea ) 
(11) The representative sample of pelleted vegetable species must comply with eithe r option 1 or 2.  
 
Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, which 
includes an official label issued by the ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the information below 
will be sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense:  
• that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  15 of 169 
• the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
• the species and variety name;  
• the sample weig ht, and  
• the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
Option 2:   
a) For individual lots of pelleted seed of less than 300,000 seeds and not accompanied by a 
bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 10% of the total size o f each lot will 
be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved 
laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
b) For individual lots of pelleted seed of 300,000 pelleted seeds or greater, and not 
accompanied by a bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 31,540 pellet ed 
seeds will be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at a MPI 
approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
Lettuce  (Lactuca sativ a) 
(12) The representative sample for pelleted lettuc e seeds must comply with either option 1 or option 2.  
The options for representative samples are:  
Option 1: A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, which 
includes an official label issued by the ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the information below 
will be sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved laboratory at the importers expense : 
• that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
• the same lot/line number or unique identifier  as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
• the species and variety name;  
• the sample weight, and  
• the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
 
Option 2:  For individual pelleted seed lots of lettuce that are not accompanied by a ‘bare’ s eed 
sample, a representative sample will be officially drawn and sealed (according to ISTA methodology) 
and tested for purity at a MPI -approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and 
other contaminants.  
a) For individual lots of pelleted se ed of less than 300,000 seeds and not accompanied by a 
bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 10% of the total size of each lot will 
be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at a MPI approved 
laboratory at the import ers expense.  
 
b) For individual lots of pelleted seed of 300,000 pellet ed seeds or greater, and not 
accompanied by a bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 31,540 pellet ed  
seeds will be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed ana lysis at a MPI 
approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
Guidance  
• A declaration form to be completed by all importers of pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed for sowing can be 
found on this link: Importer declaration for all importers of pelleted Beta vulgaris seeds for sowing . 
• A risk analysis for importation as pelleted seed has been undertaken for the species listed in Appendix 
4 of this IHS. Importers who wish to import species that are not listed in Appendix 4 as pelleted seed 
must contact MPI prior to import as further risk analysis may need to be undertaken for these species.  
• The requirements for pelleted seed relate  to the country of origin of the seed.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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• Identification of a quarantine weed seed or a contaminant in a pelleted seed lot o f species listed in 
Appendix 4 constitutes a non -conformance . 
• An MPI inspector may request a sample of a lot of pelleted Lactuca sativa seed to be taken for purity 
testing under Part 1.9( 6) of this IHS to validate phytosanitary certification that accompanied the lot.  
i) Normally, the sampling regime will be, per importer, per species imported , for 
sampling and purity testing of one in ten lots (1/10) (randomly).  
ii) If an importer demonstrates significant compliance  in ten consecutive compliance 
checks , the inspector may only require sampling and purity testing o f one  in every 
twenty lots  (1/20)  (randomly). However, if there is a no n-compliance, the 
frequency of sampling and testing may go back to one in ten (1/10) lots.  
iii) If there is a non -compliance when the MPI inspector requests sampling and purity 
testing at the frequency of one every  ten lots, then MPI may require that the  next 
ten lots shall be fully  verified by purity testing . 
• For pelleted seed lots  of flower ing plants and ornamental species  listed in Appendix 4 , MPI reserves 
the right to undertake validation audits to confirm that imported consignments  are free from quarantine  
weed seeds. Audits may be conducted on a random basis and it will be conducted at an MPI approved 
facility at the expense of the importer.  
  
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Part 2:  Specific Requirements  
(1) This part sets out the specific phytosanitary requirements that must be met in addition to Part 1: 
General Requirements , for the following seeds:  
Abies  
Acer 
Acrocomia  
Actinidia  
Agropyron  
Agrostis  
Arabidopsis thaliana  
Avena  
Beta 
Brassica napus  
Camellia sinensis  
Camissonia  
Cannabis sativa  
Capsicum  
Carpinus  
Carthamus tinctorius  
Carya  
Castanea  
Cicer  
Citrus  
Cocos  
Coffea  
Coriandrum  
Corylus  
Corypha  
Cucurbitaceae  
Cuminum  
Desmodium  Echin ochloa  
Elaeis  
Eriobotrya  
Fagus  
Fragaria  
Glycine  
Gossypium  
Helianthus  
Hordeum  
Humulus  
Juglans  
Lablab  
Lavandula  
Lens  
Linum usitatissimum  
Lithocarpus densiflorus  
Livistona  
Lopho phora williamsi i 
Lotus  
Macadamia  
Malus  
Mangifera  
Medicago  
Myrtaceae  
Nicotiana tabacum  
Oxyria  
Panicum  
Papaver somniferum   Persea  
Petunia  
Phaseolus  
Phoenix  
Pinus  
Pisum  
Populus  
Prunus  
Pseudotsuga menziesii  
Psophocarpus  
Pyrus  
Quercus  
Ribes  
Rubus  
Sesamum  
Solanum  
Solanum lycopersicum  
Solanum tuberosum  
Sorghum  
Stenotaphrum  
Trigonella foenum -graecum  
Triticum  
Ulmus  
Vaccinium  
Vicia  
Vigna  
Vitis 
Zea 
 
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2.1 Abies   
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Abies ” 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Verticillium albo -atrum  [strain]  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not r equired  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.1.1 Approved treatment  
(1) All Abies  seeds must  be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.1.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting count ry NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecur ity Treatments  
 
 
 
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2.2 Acer  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Acer” 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : None  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.2.1 Approved treatment  
(1) All Acer seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.2.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
 
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2.3 Acrocomia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Acrocomia ” 
Approved countries : All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the  Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests : Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.3.1 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the  phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Acrocomia  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
 AND  
b) “The Acrocomia  seeds have been sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut 
cadang -cadang viroid ”. 
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2.4 Actinidia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Actinidia .” 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Apple s tem grooving virus  [Actinidia  infecting strain]  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B 
Minimum  PEQ  period:  six months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.4.1 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part  1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.4.2 Testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Apple stem grooving virus  [Actinida  
infecting strain]*  ELISA (Bioreba or Loewa) or PCR (Clover et al., 2003) 
and herbaceous indicators Cq, Nb, Ng, No and Pv.  
(1) Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa  (Cq), and Nicotiana benthamiana  (Nb), N. occidentalis  cv. 37B 
(No), N. glutinosa  (Ng) and Phaseolus vulgaris  cv. Prince (Pv). At least two plants of each indicator 
species must be used in mechanical inoculation tests.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures and must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior 
to inoculation. Ma intain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for 
at least 4 weeks. Inspect inoculated indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus 
infection.  
(3) Testing must be carried out on Actinidia plants while they a re in active growth. For bioassay and 
ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a young, fully 
expanded leaflet at the top of the stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(4) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(5) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(6) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses  for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(7) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.   
(8) Actinidia  plants in a PEQ facility must be inspected for signs of pest and disease at  least twice per 
week during periods of active growth and once per week during dormancy.  
 
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Guid ance 
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used  to provide confidence in 
testing results .  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
Reference  
• Clover, G R G; Pearson, M N; Elliott, D R; Tang, Z; Smales, T E; Alexander, B J R (2003) 
Characterization of a strain of Apple stem grooving virus in Actinidia chinensis  from China. Plant 
Pathology 52: 371 -378. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Pest List for Actinidia  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus      
    
Capillovirus  Apple stem grooving virus [Actinidia infecting strain]  
 
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2.5 Agropyron  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Agropyron .”  
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Tilletia controversa , other Ustilaginales, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.5.1 Approved Treatments   
(1) All Agropyron  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standar d MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.5.2 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitar y certificate:  
a) “The Agropyron seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa ”; 
OR 
ii) “sourced from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Tilletia controversa  was de tected”;  
OR 
iii) “had an representative sample of 600 seeds officially drawn in which no spores of 
Tilletia controversa  were found”.  
2.5.3 Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.6 Agrostis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Agrostis .” 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pest s: Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit : Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.6.1 Approved treatments   
(1) All Agrostis  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.6.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or dis infection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
 
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2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index lis ted under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Arabidopsis thaliana .” 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : None  
Import permit:  See below  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate : Not required  
2.7.1 GM seed  
(1) A permit to import is required.  
(2) All GM seed must also be imported in accordance with a HSNO approval.  
2.7.2 Non-GM seed  
(1) A declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment declaring that the 
consignment does not contain GM seeds . 
(2) The declaration form is provided in A ppendix 3.  
 
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2.8 Avena  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under import 
specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Avena ”. 
Approved countries : Australia, Austr ia, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests: Refer to pest  list for Avena  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.8.1 Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cephalosporium gramineum  the Avena  seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.8.2 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard an d 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate : 
a)  “The Avena  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa 
and High plains virus;   
  OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Xanthomonas campestris  
pv. undulosa  and High plains virus” . 
 AND  
b) “The Avena  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Anguina tritici”;   
  OR 
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of prod uction’ free from Anguina tritici’;  
  OR 
iii) “inspected microscopically in accordance with official procedures and Anguina tritici  
was not detected”.  
 AND  
c) “The Avena  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Cephalosporium gramineum”;  
  OR 
ii) “treated with a fungicide combination in MPI approved  treatmen ts”.  
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Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Pest List for Avena  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect     
 Insecta   
  Blattodea   
   Blattidae  
    Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach  
  Coleoptera   
   Bostrichidae   
    Prostephanus truncatus               larger grain borer  
   Cryptophagidae   
    Cryptophagus schmidti   
   Cucujidae   
    Cathartus quadricollis  squarenecked grain beetle  
   Curculionidae   
    Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil  
   Dermestidae   
    Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle  
    Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle  
    Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle  
    Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle  
    Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
   Mycetophagidae   
    Mycetophagus 
quadriguttatus  spotted hairy fungus beetle  
   Nitidulidae   
    Carpophilus obsoletus  dried fruit beetle  
   Ptinidae   
    Gibbium psylloides  shiny spider beetle  
    Mezium americanum  american spider beetle  
    Niptus hololeucus  golden spider beetle  
    Pseudoeurostus hilleri  spider beetle  
    Ptinus clavipes  brown spider beetle  
    Ptinus fur  whitemarked spider beetle  
    Ptinus villiger  hairy spider beetle  
    Tipnus unicolor  spider beetle  
    Trigonogenius globulus   
   Tenebrionidae   
    Alphitobius laevigatus  black fungus beetle  
    Alphitophagus bifasciatus  two-banded fungus beetle  
    Blaps mucronata  cellar beetle  
    Gnatocerus maxillosus  slenderhorned flour beetle  
    Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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    Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle  
    Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle  
    Tribolium audax  american black flour beetle  
    Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle  
   Trogossitidae   
    Lophocateres pusillus  siamese grain beetle  
  Hemiptera   
   Lygaeidae   
    Elasmolomus sordidus  seed bugs  
  Lepidoptera   
   Cosmopterigidae   
    Pyroderces rileyi  pink scavenger caterpillar  
   Oecophoridae   
    Anchonoma xeraula  grain moth  
   Pyralidae   
    Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth  
    Ephestia figulilella  raisin moth  
    Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth  
   Tineidae   
    Nemapogon variatella  corn moth  
Mite     
 Arachnida    
  Acarina   
   Eriophyidae   
    Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite  
    Aceria tulipae [vector]  wheat curl mite  
   Siteroptidae   
    Siteroptes cerealium  asparagus spider mite  
   Tarsonemidae   
    Steneotarsonemus 
spirifex  oat spiral mite  
Nematode     
 Secernentea   
  Tylenchida   
   Anguinidae   
    Anguina tritici [vector]  seed gall nematode  
Fungus      
 Hyphomycetales   
  Moniliaceae   
    Cephalosporium 
gramineum   
Bacterium     
   Pseudomonadaceae   
    Xanthomonas campestris 
pv. undulosa  leaf streak  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Virus      
  High plains virus   
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2.9 Beta  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Beta.” 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. sepedonicus . 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.9.1 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional Declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Beta seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. 
sepedonicus;  
  OR 
ii) Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. sepedonicus  was not detected in a 
representative sample of 3200 seeds drawn from this consignment.  
2.9.2 Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior  to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
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2.10 Brassica napus  
These requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Brassica napus ”. 
Approved  countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import Permit : Permit not required, unless see ds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required , unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.10.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken,  the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.10.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consignments of Brassica napus  var. oleifera  
(oilseed rape) are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved 
GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant 
Material (refer to Part 1.5.4 Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).  
(2) The full scientific name of the Brassica napus sub-species or variety , plus the appropriate common 
name , must be specified on the phytosanitary certificate, e.g. Brassica napus var. biennis (forage rape) 
or Brassica napus var. oleife ra (oilseed rape).  
(3) Importers of consignments of Brassica napus that are not identified appropriately will be offered the 
options of re -shipment, destruction or testing for the presence of unapproved GM seeds . 
 
Guidance  
• Validation of Brassica napus  varieti es - MPI reserves the right to undertake validation audits to 
confirm that the variety matches that which is stated on the phytosanitary certificate. Audits may be 
conducted on a random basis and if required, grow out testing of samples will be conducted a t an 
MPI accredited facility at the expense of the importer.   
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250  
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modif ied-seeds/  
  
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2.11 Camellia sinensis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camellia sinensis ”. 
Approved c ountries: All 
Quarantine pests:  Exobasidium vexans, Phloem necrosis  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 1  
Minimum  PEQ  period: 1 growing season  
Isolation: 50m exclusion area  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.11.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Camellia sinensis  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.11.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section . 
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard an d 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Camellia sinensis  seeds have been sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from 
Exobasidium vexans  and Phloem necrosis ”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.12 Camissonia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camissonia ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine p ests: Peronospora arthurii  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.12.1  Approved treatments   
(1) All Camissonia  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.12.2   Phytosanitary certificate   
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting count ry NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.13 Cannabis sativa  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cannabis sativa ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Refer  to pest list for Cannabis sativa  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of  Cannabis sativa  must contact the Ministry of Health prior to importation for advice on 
licensing:  
Ministry of Health  
PO Box 5013  
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing  
Telephone: 04 496 2018  
2.13.1   Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area or pest free place of production for  Pseudomonas syringae  pv. cannabina  and 
Xanthomonas campestris  pv. cannabis , the Cannabis sativa seeds must be treated  using a hot water 
dip (for bacteria and parasitic weed) prior to shipment  or on arrival in New Zealand ;  
a) hot water treatment must be conducted as per MPI St andard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments .  
(2) In lieu of pest free area  for Leptosphaeria  woroninii, Septoria cannabis  and Curvularia cymbopogonis ,  
the Cannabis sativa  seeds must be treated with fungicide as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT 
Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.13.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the  disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard a nd 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cannabis sativa  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Pseudomonas syringae  pv. cannabina  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
cannabis )”;  
  OR 
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated 
bacteria ( Pseudomonas syringae  pv. cannabina  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
cannabis )”; 
  OR Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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iii) “treated with hot water treatment in MPI approved treatments ”; 
 AND  
b) “The Cannabis sativa  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi ( Leptosphaeria  
woroninii, Septoria cannabis  and Curvularia cymbopogonis )”; 
  OR 
ii) “treated with an approved fungicide combination in MPI approved treatments ”. 
  
 
Guidance  
• The hot water treatment that would be carried out in New Zealand as an alternative to the 
same treatment prior to shipment, cannot be permitted as no MPI - approved facility is currently 
available in New Zealand.  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
Reference s: 
• Hemp Diseases and Pests: Management and Biological Control. J. M. McPartland, R. C. 
Clarke and D. P. Watson 2000. C AB International . 
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Pest List for Cannabis  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect    
  Pyrrhocoris apterus  fire bug  
  Episyrphus balteatus   
  Ischiodon scutellaris  syrphid fly  
  Metasyrphus latifasciatus  syrphid fly  
  Sphaerophoria scripta  hover fly  
  Syritta pipiens  hover fly  
Mite   
  Aculops cannabicola  hemp russett mite  
Fungus    
  Curvularia cymbopogonis   
  Leptosphaeria woroninii   
  Septoria cannabis  yellow leaf spot  
Bacterium   
  Pseudomonas syringae pv. cannabina   
  Xanthomonas campestris pv. cannabis   
Weed    
  Orobanche ramosa  branched broomrape  
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2.14 Capsicum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Capsicum ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All countries   
Quarantine pests:  Pepper chat fruit viroid; Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato brown rugose fruit virus , 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certi ficate:  Required  
2.14.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import hea lth standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
“The [Capsicum annuum; C. baccatum; C. cardenasii; C. chinense; C. eximium; C. frutescens; C. 
microcarpum; C. pendulum; C. pubescens ] seeds for sowing have been  
a) For Potato spindle tuber viroid  (PSTVd):  
i) sourced from ( country name) where Potato spindle tuber viroid  is not known to 
occur.”  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants were tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle 
tuber viroid ” 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an approved 
PCR NPPO testing method, and found to be free  from Potato spindle tuber viroid ” 
AND  
b) For Pepper chat fruit viroid  (PCFVd):   
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Pepper chat fruit viroid ” 
OR 
ii) Pepper chat fruit viroid  (PCFVd)  is absent/not known to occur in 
____________(name of country)  
OR 
iii) sourced f rom a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Pepper chat fruit viroid ” 
OR 
iv) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an approved 
PCR NPPO testing method, and found to be free from Pepper chat fruit viroid ” Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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AND  
c) For Tomato brown  rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) :  
i) sourced from ‘pest free area’, free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus ”. 
 
OR 
 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free pl ace of production’ free from  Tomato brown rugose fruit 
virus ”. 
 
OR 
 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -
approved PCR testing method  and found free from Tomato brown rugose fruit 
virus ”. 
AND  
d) For Tomato mot tle mosaic virus  (ToMMV ):  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic virus ” 
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic 
virus”  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology , using an  NPPO -
approved  ELISA or NPPO -approved  PCR testing method, and found  free from 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus ” 
 
2.14.2   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore  prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand . 
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
 
Guidance  
• The ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and Tomato mottle mosaic 
virus  is not accepted as a valid test by MPI.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  in Import Health Standard 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  should be 
based only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved PCR test and not on results from a 
bioassay.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus  in Import He alth Standard 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  should be based 
only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved ELISA or NPPO -approved PCR test and not 
on results from a bioassay.  
• Removal of ELISA as a testing option for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus wi ll come into force on xx 
2021.  
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2.15 Carpinus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carpinus ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Cladosporium caryigenum  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.15.1   Approved treatments  
(1) All Carpinus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.15.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment act ivities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Carpi nus seeds have been sourced from an area where Cladosporium cary igenum  
is not known to occur”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.16 Carthamus tinctorius  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carthamus tinctorius ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Alternaria carthami, Cercospora carthami, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.16.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Carthamus tinctorius  seeds for sowing must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT 
Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.16.2   Phytosanitary certificate   
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the  pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
 Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.17 Carya  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carya ”. 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, USA  
Quarantine pests: Cladosporium caryigenum,  Conotrachelus  spp., Curculiocaryae , Cydia caryana , 
Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.17.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for  Conotrachelus  spp., Curculio caryae  or Cydia caryana  all Carya  seeds must 
be fumigated  (in) as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
(2) The Carya  seeds must be treated with fungicide as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.17.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the ph ytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Carya seed or nuts have been:  
i) sourced from an area where they are not known to be attacked by Conotrachelus  
spp., Curculio caryae  or Cydia caryana;   
OR 
ii) fumigated with methyl bromide at ______ pressure for ____ hours at _____ g /m³ at 
a temperature of _____C”;  
iii) the pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be i n accordance with 
the scale in MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
AND  
b) “The Carya seeds or nuts have been sourced from an area where Cladosporium 
caryigenum  is not known to occur”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.18 Castanea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Castanea ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Ceratocystis fagacearum; Cryphonectria parasitica ; Curculio spp.;  Cyrtepistomus 
castaneus  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 2 years  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.18.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the ph ytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Castanea seeds have been:  
i) sourced from trees that have been officially inspected and found to be free of 
diseases caused by Cryphonectria  spp; 
OR 
ii) sourced from an area  where Cryphonectria parasitica  is known not to occur”.  
2.18.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Ceratocystis fagacearum  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom 
expression  
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom 
expression  
 
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2.19 Cicer  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cicer .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Ascochyta rabiei, Megaselia arietina, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.19.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting  country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cicer  seeds have been:  
i)  sourced from a ‘pest fre e area’ free from Ascochyta rabiei ; 
OR 
ii) sourced from a  ‘pest free place of production’ free from Ascochyta rabiei” . 
 
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2.20 Citrus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “se e 155.02.05 under Citrus .” 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, 
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, 
United States of Amer ica.  
Quarantine pests: Xanthomonas campestris  pv. citri, ‘ Candidatus  Liberibacter africanus ’, ‘Candidatus 
Liberibacter asiaticus ’, ‘Candidatus  Liberibacter americanus ’. 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.20.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5. 2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Citrus  seeds have been sourced from an area where Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
citri is not known to occur”;  
AND  
b) “The Citrus seeds have  been sourced from an area where ‘ Candidatus ’ Liberibacter s pp. 
is not known to occur”.  
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2.21 Cocos   
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cocos .” 
Approved c ountries:  All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests: Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.21.1   Phyt osanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cocos  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines  or the Solomon Islands”  
AND  
b) “The Cocos  seeds have been produced in a  ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut cadang -
cadang viroid ”. 
 
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2.22 Coffea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Coffea ”. 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, Cook Islands, Hawaii, Samoa, Tonga  
Quarantine pests: Stephanoderes hampei  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.22.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Coffea  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.22.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.23 Coriandrum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Coriandrum .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Ramularia coriandri, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.23.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Coriandrum seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.23.2   Phytos anitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, th e exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Coriandrum seeds have been:  
i) sourced f rom a ‘pest free area’, free from  Ramularia coriandri;  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Ramularia coriandri .” 
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI-STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.24 Corylus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corylus.”  
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Cydia latiferreana, Curculio nucum   
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.24.1   Phytosanitary  certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the  exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part  1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.24.2  Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) All Corylus  seeds imported into New Zealand must have their shells removed to permit inspection, 
prior to entry.  
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2.25 Corypha  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corypha .” 
Approved c ountries:  All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid . 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.25.1   Phytosanitary certifica te - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following addi tional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Corypha  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Corypha  seeds have been produced in a’pest free area ’ free from Coconut cadang -
cadang viroid” . 
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2.26 Cucurbitaceae  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cucurbitaceae” .  
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) ; Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  
(KGMMV)   
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.26.1   Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations  
(2) The required additional declarations must be endorsed in full on the phytosanitary certificate, no 
variations in the wording will be accepted by MPI, with exce ption of translation artifacts.  
(3) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The [ Benincasa hispida; Citrullus lanatus; Cucumis anguria; Cucumis melo; Cucumis metulliferus; 
Cucumis myriocarpus; Cucurbita ficifolia; Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita mixta Cucurbita moschata; 
Cucurbita pepo; Cucumis sativus; Lagenaria siceraria; Luffa acutangula;  Luffa cylindrical; Luffa 
aegyptiaca; Momordica charantia; Portulaca oleraceae ] seeds for sowing in this consignment have 
been:  
a) For Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV):  
i) sourced from a Pest free area, free from the named regulated virus Cucumber 
green mottle mosaic virus;  
OR  
ii) Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) is absent/not known to occur i n 
____________(name of country)  
OR 
iii) sourced from mother plants that w ere sampled according to a NPPO approved 
methodology and tested using a NPPO approved ELISA or a NPPO approved PCR 
method, during the active growing period and found free from Cucumber green 
mottle mosaic virus . 
OR 
iv) sourced from a seed lot officially sample d according to ISTA or AOSA 
methodology, and tested using the ISTA validated ELISA or a NPPO approved 
PCR method and found free from Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus.  
AND  
b) For Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV):  
i) sourced from a “Pest free area”, fre e from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus ;  
OR  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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ii) Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV) is absent/not known to occur in 
____________(name of country)  
OR  
iii) sourced from a “Pest Free Place of Production”, free from Kyuri green mottle 
mosaic virus ;  
OR  
iv) sourced from a s eed lot officially sampled according to ISTA or AOSA 
metho dology, and tested using a NPPO approved serological (ELISA) or molecular 
(PCR) method and found free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus . 
2.26.2   Testing Requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to expor t, or on arrival in New Zealand . 
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing labor atory.  
(3) For seed lots of 10,000 or more seeds:  
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 2000 seeds, officially drawn according to ISTA 
or AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the 
schedule;  
(4) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 2000 seeds must be officially drawn across all seed 
lots of the same seed species in a consignment, which must have been produced at the 
same place of production  or production site.  
(5) In order to achieve a co mposite sample, proportionate sampling must  be carried out across all l ots 
imported. A sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment , adding up to 
2000 seeds . The size of the sample from each l ot must be proportionate to the siz e of the imported lot  
within  the consignment.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot should be calculated as follows:  
a) The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the 
following equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
b) Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size of 
2000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 2000 seeds  𝑥 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
c) Take the sum of th e sample size for each lot to check the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 2000 seeds.  
2.26.3   Cucurbita pepo  
(1) Different varieties of Yellow Straightneck, Yellow Crookneck squash and Green Zucchini seeds have 
been genetically modified. The following varieties are prohibited entry to New Zealand without HSNO 
approval  by EPA :  
a) Cucurbita pepo  event ZW20;  
b) Cucurbita pepo  event CZW3;  
c) Yellow Crookneck squash variety “Revenue”; “Tigress”; “Destiny III”; Prelude II;  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  54 of 169 
d) Yellow Straightneck squash vari ety “XPT1832 III”; “Conqueror III”; “Patriot II”; “Liberator 
III”; 
e) Green Zucchini variety “SV6009YG”; “Judgement III”; “Justice III”; “Declaration II”; 
“Independence II”.  
(2) Cucurbita pepo  importers are required to comply with one of the two options listed b elow:  
Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment 
declaring that the consignment does not contain GM seeds (the declaration form template 
is provided in Appendix 3).  
OR 
Option 2:  
b) a representative sample from each seed lot of Cucurbita pepo  must be sampled, tested, 
and found to be free of unapproved GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for 
the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material  (refer to section 1.5. 3 Genetically 
Modified Testing Certificate ). More information can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• The declaration form template is provided in Appendix 3. 
References:  
• Ling et al., 2014. First report of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  infecting greenhouse cucumber 
in Canada . Plant Disease 98 (5): 701 -2.  
• Reingold et al., 2013. First report of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) symptoms in 
water melon used for the discrimination of non -marketable fruits in Israeli commercial field s. New 
Disease Reports 28, 11.  
• ISTA http://www.seedtest.org/upload/cms/user/SH -07-026-2014.pdf  
• Daryono, B. S., Somowiyarjo, S., Natsuaki, K. T. 2005. Biological and Molecular Characterization of 
Melon -Infecting Kyuri Green Mottle Mosaic virus  in Indonesia. Journal of Phytopathology 153, 588 -
595. 
• Daryono, B.S., Somowiyarjo, S. and Natsuaki, K.T. 200 6. Biological characterization and complete 
nucleotide sequence of coat protein of Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  isolated from angled loofah in 
Indonesia. Jour. Agri. Sci. Tokyo Univ. of Agric. 51 (1), 42 -52. (Printed in English)  
• Daryono, B. S. and Natsuaki, K.T. 2012. Application of Multiplex RT -PCR for Detection of Cucurbit -
infecting Tobamovirus. Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8 (1): 46 -56. 
• Hongyun, C., Wendjun, Z., Qinsheng, G. and Shuifang, Z. 2008. Real time TaqMan RT -PCR assay 
for the  detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus . Journal of Virological Methods , 149 (2): 
326-9. 
• Kwon, J. Y., Hong, J. S., Kim, M. J., Choi, S. H., Byeong, E. M., Song, E. G., Kim, H. H., Ryu, K. H. 
2014. Simultaneous multiplex PCR detection of seven cucu rbit infecting viruses. Journal of 
Virological Methods 206, 133 -139 
 
 
 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Pest List for Cucurbitaceae  
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus      
   
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  
Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  CGMMV  
KGMMV  
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2.27 Cuminum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cuminum .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Alternaria burnsii   
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not  required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.27.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Cuminum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.27.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cuminum seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’,  free from Alternaria burnsii;   
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’, free from Alternaria burnsii”.   
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.28 Desmodium  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Desmodium .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Desmodium mosaic virus, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.28.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Desmodium  seeds have be en: 
i) sourced from an area where Desmodium mosaic virus  is not known to occur;  
OR 
ii) sourced from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Desmodium mosaic virus  was detected”.  
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2.29 Echinochloa  
The follo wing requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Echinochloa .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Sclerospora graminicola, Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Impor t permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.29.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Echinochloa  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.29.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Echinochloa seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’, free from  Sclerospora graminicola;  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’, free from  Sclerospora graminicola”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.30 Elaeis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Elaeis .” 
Approved c ountries : All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests: Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.30.1   Phytosanitary certificate  - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additi onal declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Elaeis  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Elaeis  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ f ree from Coconut cadang -
cadang viroid” . 
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2.31 Eriobotrya  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Eriobotrya .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Pseudomonas syringae  pv. eriobotryae  
Import permit : Required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
 
Importers must  comply with one of the two options listed below:  
2.31.1  Option 1:  
 PEQ : Not required  
 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration s 
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additiona l declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “the Eriobotrya  seeds have been sourced from an area where Pseudomonas syringae  pv. 
eriobotryae  is not known to occur”.  
2.31.2  Option 2:  
 PEQ : Level 3 B  
 Minimum  PEQ  Period : 2 growing seasons  
 Phytosanita ry certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.32 Fagus  
The following requirements only appl y to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fagus .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Tortricidae  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not requir ed  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.32.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Fagus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.32.2   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per P art 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.33 Fragaria  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fragaria. ” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Fragaria . 
Import permit : Requir ed 
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 6 months  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.33.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.33.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods   
Fragaria chiloensis latent virus  Herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Raspberry ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Strawberry latent ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Tobacco streak virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Tomato ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Cq – Chenopodium quinoa  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(3) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(4) Indic ator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(5) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(6) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be inspected at least twice per week for signs of virus infection 
with observations being recorded on a weekly basis.  
(7) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(8) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(9) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) Positive controls must be used in PCR.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(11) Fragaria  plants in a PEQ facility must be inspected for signs of pest and disease at least once per 
week.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false ne gatives.  
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Pest List for Fragaria   
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus     
   Fragaria chiloensis latent virus  
   Raspberry ringspot virus  
   Strawberry latent ringspot virus  
(strains not in New Zealand)  
   Tobacco streak virus  
   Tomato ringspot virus (strains not in New Zealand)  
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2.34 Glebionis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Glebionis .” 
Approved c ountries : All countries  
Quarantine pests: Potato spindle tuber viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.34.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activit ies have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The [insert species name]  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Potato spindle tuber viroid ; 
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ where parent plants have been tested 
according to an NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle 
tuber viroid ; 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample  of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an NPPO 
approved PCR testing method , and found to be free from Potato spindle tuber 
viroid ”. 
2.34.2   Testing requirements  
(2) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.   
(3) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Z ealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(4) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
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2.35 Glycine  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifi cations for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Glycine .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Peronospora manshurica, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import  Permit : Permit n ot required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ . 
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Tes ting for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.35.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Glycine  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Bi osecurity 
Treatments . 
2.35.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment acti vities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Glycine  seeds have been:  
i) inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free of 
any visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma  spp”.  
AND  
b) “The Glycine  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Peronospora manshurica;   
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Peronospora manshurica”.  
AND  
c) “The Glycine  seeds have been treated against Peronospora manshurica  using one of the 
approved fungicide combinations ”.  
2.35.3  GM seed testing  
(1) In ad dition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consig nments of Glycine max  (soybean) are 
required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetica lly Modified Plant Material (refer 
to Part 1.5. 3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ). Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for testing for the presence of genetically modified plant material can be found at 
http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250  
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.36 Gossypium  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Gossypium .” 
Approved c ountries:  Australia  
Quarantine pests: Anthonomus grandis, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import Permit : Permit n ot required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ . 
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.36.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to th e phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The seed has been cleaned and is completely free of lint”.  
2.36.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consigments of Gossypium hirsutum  (cotton) 
are required to be representatively sampled, test ed, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material (refer 
to Part 1.5. 3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).  
(2) Importers of consignments of Gossypium hirsutum  that are not identified appropriately will be offered 
the options of re -shipment, destruction or testing for the presence of unapproved GM seeds .  
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2.37 Helianthus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Helianthus .” 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spa in, Sweden, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America  
Quarantine pests: Alternaria helianthi, Neolasioptera helianthi (syn. Lasioptera murtfeldtiana), Plasmopara 
halstedii, Septoria helianthi, Sunflower mosaic virus , Trogoderma spp. 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.37.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Helianthus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatment s. 
2.37.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been un dertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Helianthus  seeds have bee n sourced from a crop that has been inspected during the 
growing season according to appropriate procedures  and no Alternaria helianthi, 
Neolasioptera helianthi, Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria helianth i or Sunflower mosaic 
virus  was detected ; 
OR 
b) “The Helia nthus  seeds have been sourced from an area where Alternaria helianthi, 
Neolasioptera helianthi, Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria helianthi and Sunflower mosaic 
virus  are not known to occur";  
OR 
c) “The Helianthus  seeds have : 
i) been sourced from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures  and no Neolasioptera helianthi, Plasmopara 
halstedii or Sunflower mosaic virus was detected ; 
AND  
ii) had 600 pure seeds drawn and tested i n accordance with the general directions for 
seed health testing in the current International Rules for Seed Testing and no 
evidence of contamination with Alternaria helianthi  or Septoria helianthi  was found".  
 
 
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Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  71 of 169 
Pest List for  Helianthus  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable )  
Insect  
 Insecta  
  Coleoptera  
   Dermestidae  
    Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
  Diptera  
   Asteraceae  
    Neolasioptera helianthi  
(syn. Lasioptera murtfeldtiana)  midge  
Fungus  
 Ascomycota  
  Pleosporales  
   Pleosporaceae  
    Alternaria helianthi   
  Dothideales  
   Leptosphaeriaceae  
    Leptosphaeria lindquistii  leaf spot  
Mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)  
 Sphaeropsidales  
  Sphaerioidaceae   
    Septoria helianthi  septoria leaf spot  
Mitosporic fungi  (Hyphomycetes)  
 Hyphomycetales  
  Moniliaceae  
    Aspergillus parasiticus  mould  
Oomycota  
 Peronosporales  
  Peronosporaceae  
    Plasmopara halstedii  downy mildew  
Bacterium  
  Pseudomonadaceae  
    Pseudomonas syringae pv. 
aptata  bacterial spot  
    Pseudomonas syringae pv. 
tagetis  bacterial leaf spot 
Virus  
   Potyviridae  
   Potyvirus  
    Sunflower mosaic virus   
 
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2.38 Hordeum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Hordeum .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America  
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Hordeum ” 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.38.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cephalosporium gramineum and Fusarium longipe s all Hordeum  seed for 
sowing seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments .  
2.38.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been under taken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) "The Hordeum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens, Rathayibacter tritici, Xanthomonas 
campestris pv. undulosa ) and virus ( High plains virus ); 
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free fr om the named regulated 
bacteria ( Pseudomonas syringae  pv. striafaciens, Rathayibacter tritici, 
Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa ) and virus ( High plains virus )"; 
AND  
b) "The Hordeum seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a “pest free area” free from the named regula ted fungi 
(Cephalosporium gramineum, Fusarium longipes )”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatments ”; 
AND  
c) "The Hordeum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa”;  
OR Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tilletia controversa , and 
treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatments ”;  
OR  
iii) “had a representative sample of 600 seeds drawn from this consignment according 
to the International Seed T esting Association’s methodology and have been tested 
for Tilletia controversa , and treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI 
approved treatments .” 
 
2.38.3  Testing requirements for Tilletia controversa  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  74 of 169 
Pest list for Hordeum  
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 Insecta    
Blattodea   
   
Blattidae   
    
Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach    
Coleoptera     
Curculionidae   
    
Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma irroratum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle     
Languriidae   
    
Pharaxonotha kirschii  mexican grain beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Embaphion muricatum  false wireworm      
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle      
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle      
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle      
Tribolium audax  american black flour beetle      
Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle    
Lepidoptera   
   
Tineidae   
    
Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth      
Tinea fictrix  casemaking moth  
Mite     
 
Arachnida    
  
Acarina   
   
Acaridae   
    
Acarophenax tribolii [Animals 
Biosecurity]  grain mite  
   
Eriophyidae   
    
Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite      
Aceria tulipae [vector]  wheat curl mite     
Pyemotidae   
    
Pyemotes herfsi  straw itch mite  
Fungus      Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes   
  
Tilletiaceae    
  Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt  
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)   
Hyphomycetales    
Moniliaceae      
Cephalosporium gramineum  stripe   
Tuberculariales    
Tuberculariaceae      
Fusarium longipes  fusarium head blight  
Bacterium     
  
Corynebacteriaceae      
Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot    
Pseudomonadaceae      
Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens  bacterial stripe blight      
Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa  leaf streak  
Virus      
    
High plains virus   
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2.39 Humulus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Humulus lupulus .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Pseudoperonospora humuli, Verticillium albo -atrum 
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  Period : 1 growing season  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.39.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
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2.40 Juglans  
The following requirements only apply to sp ecies in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Juglans .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Mexi co, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, 
United Kingdom, United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Gnomonia leptostyla , Pyralidae; Tortricidae; Trogoderma  spp., Cherry leaf roll virus  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 1  
Minimum PEQ Period : 2 growing seasons  
Isolation : 50m exclusion area  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.40.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Juglans  seeds must be fumigated  as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.40.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment ac tivities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Juglans seed have been:  
i) inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures, and no 
Gnomonia leptostyla  or Cherry leaf roll virus  was detected;  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Gnomonia leptostyla  and Cherry leaf roll virus  are not 
known to occur”.  
AND  
b) “The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at ___ g/m³ 
at a temperature of ___ °C ”; 
 
 Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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2.41 Lablab  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lablab ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantin e pests: Earias vitella, Maruca testulali, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required   
For seed in pods:  
2.41.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the ph ytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Earias vitella  or Maruca 
testulalis  were found in a 600 unit sample”.  
 
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2.42 Lavandula  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed  under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under under Lavandula .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Coniothyrium lavandulae, Phoma lavandulae  
Import permit : Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.42.1  Approved t reatments  
(1) All Lavandula  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.42.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this b y providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lavandula seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’, free from  Coniothyriu m lavandulae  and Phoma 
lavandulae   
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’, free from  Coniothyrium lavandulae  or 
Phoma lavandulae”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI-STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments   
 
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2.43 Lens  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lens .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Trogoderma granarium  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.43.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken,  the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lens  seeds been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and 
found to be free of Trogoderma granarium ”. 
OR 
b) “Trogoderma granarium ” is absent/not known to occur in   (name of country)  
 
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2.44 Linum usitatissimum  
The following requirements only ap ply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Linum usitatissimum .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: None  
Import  permit : Permit not required   
PEQ : Not required . 
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.44.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.44.2   GM seed declaration  
(1) There are no specific requirements for Linum usitatissimum  seeds except for the following GM event 
which is prohibited entry to New Zealand without HSNO approval  by the EPA : 
a) Linum usitatissimum  var. FP96 7 (CDC Triffid).  
(2) Importers are required to comply with one of the two options listed below:  
Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment 
declaring that the consignment does not contain GM seeds  (refer to Appen dix 3: 
Declaration form ).  
Option 2:  
b) samples must be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved 
GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically 
Modified Plant Material (refer to Part 1.5. 3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.45 Lithocarpus densiflorus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lithocarpus densiflorus .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Tunisia, United Kingdom, 
United States of America  
Quarantine pests: Ceratocystis fagacearum , Tortricidae  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 1  
Isolation : 50 m  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.45.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) All Lithocarpus densiflorus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.45.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lithocarpus densiflorus  seed has been:  
i)  collected from trees that have been offi cially inspected for disease caused by 
Ceratocystis fagacearum  and no disease was detected;  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Ceratocystis fagacearum  is not known to occur”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.46 Livistona  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as  “see 155.02.05 under Livistona .” 
Approved c ountries : All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests: Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosani tary certificate:  Required  
2.46.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this  import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Livistona seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Livistona  seeds have been sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut 
cadang -cadang viroid ”. 
 
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2.47 Lophophora williamsii  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lophophora williamsii .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Not req uired  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.47.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must confirm 
this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of Lophophora williamsii  must contact the Ministry of Health prior to importation for 
advice on licensing:  
Ministry of Health  
PO Box 5013  
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Lice nsing  
Telephone: 04 496 2018  
 
 
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2.48 Lotus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lotus .” 
Approved Countries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Cercospora loti, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.48.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the e xporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lotus  seed has been:  
i) sourced from from a  crop that has been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Cercospora loti  was detected;  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Cercospora loti  is not known to occur”.  
 
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2.49 Macadamia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Macadamia .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, Deudorix epijarbas, Dichocro cis punctiferalis  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.49.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Macadamia  seeds must be fumigated  as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.49.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
a) “The Macadamia  seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ______ pressure for ___ 
hours at ___ g/m³ at a temperature of ___ °C “;  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
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2.50 Malus  
These requirements only apply to spec ies in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Malus .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Apple scar skin viroid, Monilinia fructigena, Tomato bushy stunt virus  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 2 . Herbaceous indexing and PCR testing must be completed, and if seedlings have tested 
negative, they may be transferred to Level 1 PEQ for woody indexing.  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.50.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.50.2  Inspection and testing requ irements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods ( listed  below)  
Apple scar skin viroid  PCR and woody indexing  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression  
Tomato bushy stunt virus  PCR and herbaceous Indexing  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begin once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing is to be conducted on new spring growth. Vi roid testing is to be done during the summer 
period. For each Malus  plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different 
branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older leaf.  
(4) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. All PCR  tests must be validated using positive and negative 
controls prior to use in quarantine testing. Positive and negative  controls must be used in all tests. 
Internal control primers to check the PCR competency of the samples and a negative plant control 
should also be used in PCR tests.  
(5) Herbaceous indexing will use the indicators Chenopodium quinoa  and Nicotiana clevelandii (Nc).   
(6) Woody Indexing will use one of the indicators Malus  x domestica  ‘Golden Delicious’ or ‘Red Delicious’  
Delicious’.  
(7) Inspection of t he Malus plants by the Operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week for the first 3 months of active growth, and during spring and autumn. All other 
times of active growth (summer), plants should be inspected o nce per week. A record of inspections 
carried out by the Operator is to be kept and made available to the MPI Inspector on request.  
 
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Guidance  
• Seedlings will be inspected and tested for regulated pests at the expense of the importer. The 
quarantine period may be extended if material is slow growing, pests are detected, or further testing 
is required.  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
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2.51 Mangifera  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Mangifera .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Sternochetus mangiferae, Xanthomonas campest ris pv. mangiferae -indicae  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 1  
Minimum period : 2 growing seasons  
Isolation : 50 m exclusion area  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.51.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If sat isfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phyto sanitary certificate:  
a) “The Mangifera seeds have been collected from trees which were inspected during the 
growing season and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. mangiferae -indicae  was not detected”.  
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2.52 Medicago  
The following requirements only apply to species in the  Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Medicago .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Pea early browning virus, Peanut stunt virus, Trogoderma granarium, Xanthomonas 
campestris  pv. alfalfae . 
Import Permit : Permit n ot required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ :  Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.52.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declara tions  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Medicago  seeds have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official 
procedures and found to be free of Trogoderma granarium ”. 
OR 
b) “Trogoderma granarium ” is absent/not known to occur in   (name of country)  
AND  
c) “The Medicago  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Pea early browning virus , Peanut stunt 
virus  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. alfalfae ; 
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Pea early browning virus, 
Peanut stun t virus  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. alfalfae ”. 
2.52.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consig nments of Medicago sativa  (lucerne/ 
alfalfa) are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM 
seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material 
(refer to Part 1.5.  3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).   
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
http://www.mpi .govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  91 of 169 
2.53 Myrtaceae  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing IHS “see 155.02.05 under Myrtaceae ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests : Austropuccinia psidii  (formerly Puccinia p sidii or Uredo rangelii)  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.53.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of country freedom for  Austropuccinia psidii  all Myrtaceae  seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.53.2  Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations  
(1) The required additional declarations must be endorsed in full on the phytosanitary cer tificate, no 
variations in the wording will be accepted by MPI, with exception of translation artefacts.  
(2) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(3) If satisfi ed that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this Import Health Standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosani tary certificate:  
a) “Austropuccinia psidii  is absent in ____________ (name of country)”  
 OR 
b) The Myrtaceae  seeds must be treated with one of the approved fungicide  combinations  as 
per MPI Standard MPI-STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  92 of 169 
2.54 Nicotiana tabacum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Nicotiana tabacum .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Peronospora tabacina  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
 
Importers must  comply with one of the three options listed below:  
2.54.1  Option 1: Offshore measure  
Import Permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment  
(1) All Nicotiana tabacum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments.  
Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declaration s: 
(2) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/o r disinfection treatment section.  
(3) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard  and 
also the following additional declaration to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Nicotiana tabacum seed in this consignment have been inspected during the 
growing season and no Peronospora tabacini  was detected”;  
OR 
b) “sourced from an area where Peronospora tabacini  is not known to occur”.  
2.54.2  Option 2:  Onshore measure  
Import Permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment  
(1) All Nicotiana tabacum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Stan dard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments.  
Phytosanitary certificate  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this i mport health standard.  
Phytosanitary requ irements  
(3) All seeds must be imported untreated and tested at an MPI-approved testing laboratory  for 
Peronospora tabacini prior to any treatment occurring.  
(4) Only seeds tested and found free from Peronospora tabacini will be treated with one of the fungicide 
combinations in the MPI approved treatments prior to  biosecurity clearance.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  93 of 169 
2.54.3  Option 3: Onshore measure  
Import  Permit : Required   
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  94 of 169 
2.55 Oxyria  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import  
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Oxyria .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Ustilago vinosa  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.55.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Oxyria  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.55.2   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IH S in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health s tandard . 
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  95 of 169 
2.56 Panicum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Panicum .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Peronosclerospora sorghi, Sclerospora graminicola, Trogo derma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.56.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Panicum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.56.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Panicum seed has been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’, free from Peronoslerospora sorghi  and Sclerospora 
graminicola;  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’, free from Peronoslerospora sorghi  
and Sclerospora graminicola”.   
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments   
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  96 of 169 
2.57 Papaver somniferum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Papaver somniferum .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quar antine pests : None  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ:  Not re quired  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.57.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of Papaver somniferum  must obtain written approval from  the Ministry of Health prior to 
importation . 
Ministry of Health  
PO Box 5013  
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  97 of 169 
2.58 Persea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Persea ”. 
Approved c ountries : USA 
Quarantine pests: Avocado sunblotch viroid , Blackstreak  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.58.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  98 of 169 
2.59 Petunia  
These requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Petunia ”.  
Approved countries:  All  
Quarantine pests : Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  
Import Permit:  Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Approved t reatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.59.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard  and also 
the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certific ate: 
a) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Potato spindle tuber  viroid;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants have been tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle 
tuber  viroid;  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds offici ally 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using a NPPO 
approved PCR testing method, and found to be free from Potato spindle tuber 
viroid ”. 
b) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from  Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants have been tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Tomato chlorotic 
dwarf viroid;  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using a NPPO 
approved PCR testing method, and found to be free from Tomato chlorotic dwarf 
viroid ”. 
(2) The full scient ific name of the Petunia  species and  variety  must be specified on the phytosanitary 
certificate.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  99 of 169 
2.59.2   GM seed testing  
(1) For all lots of Petunia , in addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, importers are required to 
comply with one of  the two options l isted below:  
Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment 
declaring that the consignment does not contain GM seeds (refer to Appendix 3: 
Declaration form ). 
Option 2:  
b) samples from each lot must be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of 
unapproved GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of 
Genetically Modified Plant Material (refer to Part 1.5.3: Genetically Modified Testing 
Certificate). Every lot tested  must be specified on the testing certificate.  
2.59.3   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certific ate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modifie d Plant Material can be found at 
http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/   
• Measures for Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  will come into force on 22  August  2020 . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  100 of 169 
2.60 Phaseolus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phaseolus .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and United States of 
America.  
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Phaseolus” . 
Import  permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.60.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Elsinoe phaseoli,  and Phoma exigua  var. 
diversispora  all Phaseolus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.60.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in th e disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard  and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Phaseolus seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens ) and viruses ( Bean  common 
mosaic virus [blackeye cowpea mosaic strain],  Broad bean mottle virus, Cowpea 
severe mosaic virus, Pea early -browning virus, Peanut mottle virus, Southern bean 
mosaic virus ); 
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named reg ulated 
bacteria ( Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens ) and viruses ( Bean 
common mosaic virus  [blackeye cowpea mosaic strain], Broad bean mottle virus, 
Cowpea severe mosaic virus, Pea early -browning virus, Peanut mottle virus, 
Southern bean mosaic virus )”; 
AND  
b) “The Phaseolus  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi ( Cochliobolus 
miyabeanus, Elsinoe phaseoli, Phoma exigua  var. diversispora )”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatments ”. 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  101 of 169 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  102 of 169 
Pest list for Phaseolus  
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 
Insecta    
Coleoptera   
   
Bostrichidae   
    
Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer     
Bruchidae   
    
Acanthoscelides argillaceus  bean weevil      
Acanthoscelides obvelatus  bruchid beetle      
Bruchidius atrolineatus  seed beetle      
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle      
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil      
Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil      
Zabrotes subfasciatus  mexican bean weevil    
Lepidoptera   
   
Pyralidae   
    
Etiella grisea  pod borer      
Etiella grisea drososcia  pod borer      
Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer     
Tortricidae   
    
Cydia fabivora  pod moth      
Matsumuraeses phaseoli  adzuki pod worm  
Fungus      
 
Ascomycota   
 
Dothideales    
Elsinoaceae      
Elsinoe phaseoli  scab    
Pleosporaceae      
Cochliobolus miyabeanus (anamorph 
Bipolaris oryzae)   
    
mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)   
 
Sphaeropsidales    
Sphaerioidaceae      
Phoma exigua var. diversispora  ascochyta leaf spot  
Bacterium     
  
Corynebacteriaceae      
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. 
flaccumfaciens  bacterium wilt  
Virus      
    
Bean common mosaic virus [blackeye 
cowpea mosaic strain]   
    
Broad bean mottle virus   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  103 of 169 
    
Cowpea severe mosaic virus   
    
Pea early -browning virus   
    
Peanut mottle virus   
    
Southern bean mosaic virus   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  104 of 169 
2.61 Phoenix  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phoenix .” 
Approved c ountries : All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests: Coconut cadang -cadang viroid, Fusarium oxysporum  f. sp. c anariensis  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.61.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied  that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanita ry certificate:   
a) “The Phoenix  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been 
produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
(2) If the consignment contains Phoenix canariensis, Phoenix dactylifera or Phoenix reclinata seeds:  
a) “The Phoenix  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Fusarium 
oxysporum  f. sp. c anariensis ”. 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  105 of 169 
2.62 Pinus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02 .05 under Pinus .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Pinus. ” 
Import permit : Required only for seeds sourced from areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum . 
PEQ : Level 3B - Required only for seeds sourced from areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum . 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.62.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) All Pinus seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatm ents.  
2.62.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been  undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Pinus  seeds have been:  
i) officially inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures 
and no Dioryctria abietivorella  or Conophthorus coniperda  was detected.   
OR  
ii) inspected for evidence of the presence of insect pests and none was found”.  
AND  
b) “The Pinus  seeds have been treated with one of the fungicides in MPI approved 
treatments ”. 
AND  
c) For seeds sourced from areas approved by MPI  as being  free of Fusarium 
circinatum  ONLY :  
i) “The Pinus  seeds have been  sourced from pest free areas that are, as verified by 
pest surveillance methods, free from Fusarium circinatum  (syn. Fusarium 
subglutinans  f sp. pini)”.  
OR  
For seeds  sourced from areas not recognized by MPI  as being  free from  Fusarium 
circinatum :  
 
ii) Import Permit:  Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
Minimum Period : To be determined at the time of permit issuance.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  106 of 169 
Guidance  
• A list of MPI approved pest free areas is provided using this link: Fusarium circinatum   
 
2.62.3  Testing requirements  
(1) MPI will determine, via the req uirements on a permit to import, the testing required for Pinus spp. 
seeds for sowing for quarantine pests. The quarantine period will vary depending on the pests that 
may be associated with the commodity and the tests required.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  107 of 169 
Pest List for  Pinus   
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Anobiidae   
    
Ernobius punctulatus  borer      
Cerambycidae   
    
Xylotrechus schaefferi  longhorn beetle     
Curculionidae   
    
Conotrachelus neomexicanus  cone borer, curculio     
Scolytidae   
     
Conophthorus coniperda  white pine cone beetle       
Conophthorus ponderosae  lodgepole cone beetle       
Conophthorus resinosae  red pine cone beetle     
Diptera   
    
Cecidomyiidae   
     
Cecidomyia bisetosa  gall midge       
Resseliella silvana  gall midge     
Heteroptera   
    
Coreidae   
     
Lepispilus sulcicollis  seed eater       
Leptoglossus corculus  leaffooted pine seed bug       
Leptoglossus occidentalis  coreid bug      
Scutelleridae   
     
Tetyra bipuctata  shield backed pine seed bug     
Hymenoptera   
    
Torymidae   
     
Megastigmus albifrons  seed chalcid     
Lepidoptera   
    
Pyralidae   
     
Dioryctria abietivorella  fir coneworm, pine knothorn moth       
Dioryctria amatella  southern pine coneworm       
Dioryctria auranticella  pyralid moth       
Dioryctria clarioralis  coneworm       
Dioryctria disclusa  webbing coneworm       
Dioryctria merkeli  loblolly pine coneworm       
Dioryctria rossi  cone borer, pyralid moth      
Tortricidae   
     
Commophila fuscodorsana  tortricid moth       
Cydia anaranjada  slash pine seedworm       
Cydia ingens  logleaf pine seed worm       
Cydia miscitata  cone borer, tortricid moth       
Cydia piperana  cone borer, ponderosa pine seed moth  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  108 of 169 
     
Cydia toreuta  cone borer, eastern pine seedworm   
Fungus      
  
Ascomycota   
   
Diaporthales   
    
Melanconidaceae   
     
Melanconis stilbostoma 
(anamorph  
Melanconium bicolor)  mould  
  
Dothideales     
Dothioraceae       
Sydowia polyspora 
(anamorph  
Sclerophoma pythiophila)  pine leaf blight, tip dieback  
   
Mycosphaerellaceae       
Mycosphaerella dearnessii 
(anamorph  
Lecanosticta acicola)  brown needle spot  
   
Pleosporaceae       
Setosphaeria rostrata 
(anamorph  
Exserohilum rostratum)  leaf blight, black mould  
  
Hypocreales     
Hypocreaceae       
Nectria inventa (anamorph  
Verticillium tenerum)  verticillium rot  
  
Pezizales     
Otideaceae       
Caloscypha fulgens 
(anamorph  
Geniculodendron pyriforme)  cold fungus  
   
Pyronemataceae       
Pyronema omphalodes  mould   
Mitosporic fungi       
Coniosporium aterrimum  mould       
Lacellina graminicola  mould   
Mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)    
Sphaeropsidales     
Sphaerioidaceae       
Botryodiplodia acicola  mould       
Coniothyrium quercinum  mould   
Unknown (Coelomycetes)       
Melanconium apiocarpon  mould       
Pestalotia breviseta  mould       
Pestalotia foedans  mould       
Pestalotiopsis glandicola  mould       
Sirococcus conigenus  shoot blight   
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Hyphomycetales     
Hyphomycetales       
Cladosporium 
cucumerinum  black mould  
     
Cladosporium naumovi  black mould       
Curvularia inaequalis  black mould       
Stemphylium piriforme  leaf mould     
Moniliaceae       
Acremonium 
subverticillatum  mould  
     
Aspergillus funiculosus  mould       
Penicillium arenarium  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium aurantiogriseum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium brevicompactum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium canadense  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium chrysogenum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium divergens  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium fuscum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium gladioili  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium oxalicum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium viridicatum  penicillium mould rot       
Torula convoluta  mould       
Verticillium albo -atrum  
[severe strain]  mould  
  
Tuberculariales     
Tuberculariaceae       
Fusarium arthrosporoides  dry rot       
Fusarium chlamydosporum  root and stem rot       
Fusarium circinatum (syn. 
Fusarium  
subglutinans f. sp. pini)  pine pitch canker  
     
Fusarium moniliforme var. 
intermedium  mould  
     
Fusarium polyphialidicum  fusarium mould   
Unknown (Hyphomycetes )      
Oidium verticilloides  mould   
Oomycota    
Pythiales     
Pythiaceae       
Pythium aphanidermatum  root and seed rot   
Zygomycota: Zygomycetes    
Mucorales     
Mucoraceae       
Mucor hiemalis  mucor fruit rot       
Mucor mucedo  mucor fruit rot       
Mucor plumbeus  mould  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Mucor racemosus  storage rot       
Mucor ramanianus  mould     
Syncephalastraceae       
Syncephalastrum 
racemosum  mould  
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2.63 Pisum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pisum .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, 
United Kingdom and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Pisum” . 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.63.1  Approved Fumigation treatment  
(1) All lots of  Pisum  seed imported into New Zealand are required to be fumigated according to the 
specifications listed in MPI-STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatment . 
(2) The treatment is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand  by an 
MPI approved treatment provider .  
(3) Pre-export treatment for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, 
where the fumigant  used and application rate must be clearly stated, or if done on arrival in New 
Zealand, must be completed at an MPI -approved facility.  
2.63.2  Approved Fungicide Treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cladosporium cladosporioides f. sp. pisicola  all pisum seed must be treated  
as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Trea tments . 
2.63.3   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have be en undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Pisum  seeds have bee n: 
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean stain 
virus,  Pea early -browning virus, Peanut mottle virus, Peanut stunt virus . 
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Broad bean mottle virus, 
Broad bean  stain virus,  Pea early -browning virus, Peanut mottle virus, Peanut stunt 
virus ”; 
AND  
b) “The Pisum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Cladosporium cladosporioides  f. sp. 
Pisicola”;   
OR Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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ii) treated with one of the fungicide combinations in  MPI approved t reatments ”. 
 
Guidance  
• MPI may verify treatment certification provided from both offshore and onshore treatments 
through an audit sampling regime, as per ISPM 20 . Guidelines for a phytosanitary import 
regulatory system . 
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
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Pest List for Pisum   
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Insect     
 
Insecta     
Coleoptera   
    
Bruchidae   
     
Acanthoscelides zeteki  bruchid beetle       
Bruchidius atrolineatus  seed beetle       
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle       
Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus affinis  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus emarginatus  Mediterranean pulse beetle       
Bruchus ervi  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus lentis  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil       
Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil       
Bruchus tristis  bruchid beetle       
Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil       
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil       
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Dermestidae   
     
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle     
Lepidoptera   
    
Lycaenidae   
     
Euchrysops cnejus  blue butterfly      
Noctuidae   
     
Spodoptera praefica  western yellowstriped armyworm      
Pyralidae   
     
Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer      
Tortricidae   
     
Cydia nigricana  pea moth   
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)    
Hyphomycetales     
Dematiaceae   
     
Cladosporium cladosporioides f. 
sp. pisicola   cladosporium blight  
 
Virus      
     
Broad bean mottle virus   
     
Broad bean stain virus   
     
Pea early -browning virus   
     
Peanut mottle virus   
     
Peanut stunt virus   
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2.64 Populus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Populus .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece , 
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United 
Kingdom, and United States of America  
Quarantine pests: Marssonina spp. 
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ:   Level 2 and Level 1  
Minimum PEQ period : 2 growing seasons as follows:  
a) in a Level 2 quarantine facility for the first season;  
b) in a Level 1 quarantine facility subsequently.  
Isolation : 50m exclusion area when planted outside.  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.64.1  Phyto sanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard  
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2.65 Prunus  
The following requirement s only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Prunus .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Eurytoma amygdali , Cherry leaf roll virus  [strains not in New Zealand], Cherry ras p leaf 
virus, Prune dwarf virus  [strains not in New Zealand], Prunus necrotic ringspot virus  [strains not in New 
Zealand], Plum pox virus, Tomato bushy stunt virus , Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV)  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.65.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Prunus  seeds have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official 
procedures and found to be free of Eurytoma amygdali .” 
2.65.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PE Q for disease symptom 
expression.  
Cherry leaf roll virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.  
Cherry rasp leaf virus  ELISA or PCR using the method of James et al. (1991) AND 
herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.  
Plum pox virus  Durviz ELISA (A gdia) or PCR using the method of Wetzel et al. 
(1991) AND herbaceous indicators Nc and Cf.  
Prunus necrotic ringspot 
virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR using the method of Spiegel et al. (1996 ) 
AND herbaceous indicators Cs.  
Tomato bushy stunt virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Cucumber green mottle 
mosaic virus  ELISA or PCR  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium foetidum (Cf), Chenopodium quinoa (Cq), Cucumis sativus (Cs) and Nicotiana 
clevelandii (Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shal l be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be sh aded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least 4 
weeks.  
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator p lants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus infection.  
(7) At least two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(8) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(9) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(10) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
(11) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viru ses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(12) ELISA or PCR for PPV must test negative before herbaceous indicator tests are conducted.  
 
Guidance : 
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be use d.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
References:  
• James D, Howell WE, Mink GI, 2001.Molecular evidence of the relationship between a virus associated 
with flat apple disease and Cherry rasp leaf virus as de termined by RT -PCR. Plant Disease 85, 47 -52. 
• Spiegel S, Scott SW, BowmanVance V, Tam Y, Galiakparov NN, Rosner A, 1996. Improved detection 
of prunus necrotic ringspot virus by the polymerase chain reaction. European Journal of Plant 
Pathology 102, 681 -685. 
• Wetzel T, Candresse T, Ravelonandro M, Dunez J, 1991. A polymerase chain -reaction assay adapted 
to plum pox potyvirus detection. Journal of Virological Methods 33,  355-365.  
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2.66 Pseudotsuga menziesii  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pseudotsuga menziesii .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Pseudotsuga menziesii”.  
Import permit : Required only for seeds sourced from areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum  
PEQ : Level 3B - Required only for seeds sourced from areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.66.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments.  
2.66.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exp orting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by provi ding the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds have been:  
i) collected from trees that have been officially in spected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Dioryctria abietivorella  was detected.  
OR  
ii) inspected for evidence of the presence of insect pests and none was found”.  
AND  
b) “The Pseudot suga menziesii  seeds have been treated for  regulated pests”.  
AND  
c) For seeds sourced from areas approved by MPI  as being  free of Fusarium 
circinatum  ONLY :  
i) The Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds for sowing have been  sourced from pest free 
areas that are, as verified by pest surveillance methods, free from Fusarium 
circinatum  (syn. Fusarium subglutinans  f sp. pini). 
OR  
For seeds sourced from areas not recognized  by MPI  as being  free from  Fusarium 
circinatum : 
ii) Import Permit: Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
              Minimum PEQ period : To be determined at the time of permit issuance . 
 
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Guidance  
• A list of MPI approved pest free areas is provided using this link: Fusarium circinatum .   
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
2.66.3  Testing requirements  
(1) MPI will determine, via the requirements on a permit to import, the testing required for Pseudotsuga 
menziesii  seeds for sowing for quarantine pests. The quarantine period will vary depending on the 
pests that may be associated with the commodity and the t ests required.  
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Pest List for  Pseudotsuga menziesii   
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Anobiidae   
     
Ernobius punctulatus  borer      
Curculionidae    
     
Lepesoma lecontei  weevil      
Scarabaeidae   
     
Melolontha melolontha  cockchafer     
Diptera   
    
Cecidomyiidae   
     
Asynapta keeni  gall midge       
Contarinia constricta  gallmidge       
Contarinia cuniculator  gall midge       
Contarinia oregonensis  douglas fir cone gall midge       
Contarinia pseudotsugae  gall midge       
Contarinia washingtonensis  gall midge      
Lonchaeidae   
     
Earomyia aquilonia  fir seed maggot       
Earomyia barbara  fir seed maggot     
Hemiptera   
    
Coreidae   
     
Leptoglossus occidentalis  coreid bug     
Lepidoptera   
    
Blastobasidae   
     
Holcocera augusti  blastobasid moth      
Geometridae   
     
Eupithecia albicapitata  looper       
Eupithecia spermaphaga  looper      
Pyralidae    
     
Dioryctria abietivorella  fir coneworm      
Tortricidae   
     
Barbara colfaxiana  douglas fir cone moth       
Chionodes periculella  gelechiid moth       
Commophila fuscodorsana  tortricid moth       
Endopiza piceana  tortricid moth       
Laspeyresia bracteatana  leafroller       
Zeiraphera diniana  douglas fir cone moth   
Fungus      
  
Ascomycota   
   
Pezizales   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Otideaceae   
     
Caloscypha fulgens  cold fungus   
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)    
Hyphomycetales     
Moniliaceae       
Penicillium chrysogenum  penicillium mould rot    
Tuberculariales     
Tuberculariaceae       
Fusarium circinatum (syn.  
Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini)  pine pitch canker  
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2.67 Psophocarpus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Psophocarpus .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Etiella spp., Maruca testulali, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
For seed in pods ONLY : 
2.67.1   Phytosanitary certificat e - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additi onal declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Psophocarpus pods have been inspected before export and no caterpillars of Etiella  
spp. or Maruca testulalis  were found in a 600 unit sample”.   
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2.68 Pyrus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pyrus .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Apple scar skin viroid, Monilinia fructigena, Tomato bushy  stunt virus, Pear bark measle  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.68.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
provide the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this  import health  standard.  
2.68.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection i n PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Apple scar skin viroid  PCR using the method of Hadidi et al. (1990).   
Tomato bushy stunt virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Pear bark measle  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease expression.  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa (Cq) and Nicotiana clevelandi (Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older le aflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least  4 
weeks.  
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus infection.  
(7) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference mate rial prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(8) At least two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(9) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) Testing must be carried out on plants w hile they are in active growth.  
(11) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(12) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -deter mined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
References:  
• Hadidi A, Yang X, 1990. Detection of pome fruit viroids by enzymatic cDNA amplification. Journal of 
Virological Methods 30, 261 -269.   
 
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2.69 Quercus  
The following requirements only apply t o species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Quercus .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Tunisia, United 
Kingdom and United States of America   
Quarantine pests: Ceratocystis fagacearum, Cryphonectria parasitica , Curculionidae  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 2 years  
Isolation : 50m exclusion area when planted outside  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.69.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Quercus  seeds must be fumigated  as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments.  
 
2.69.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the  certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Quercus  seeds have been:  
i) collected from trees that have been officially inspected during active growth and no 
diseases caused by Ceratocystis fagacearum  or Cryphonectria parasitica  were 
detected;  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Ceratocystis fagacearum  and Cryphonectria parasitica  
are not known to occur”.  
AND  
b) “The Quercus  seeds have been fumigated with  methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ 
hours at ___ g/m³ at a temperature of ___°C”;  
 
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2.69.3  Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection method s 
Ceratocystis fagacearum  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom 
expression.  
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom 
expression.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatm ents 
 
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2.70 Ribes  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “See 155.02.05 under Ribes .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to pest list for Ribes  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.70.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confir m this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.70.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods   
For both “Currant type” and “Gooseberry types” Ribes   
Raspberry ringspot virus * ELISA or PCR  
AND  
herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq  
OR  
Cq, Cs and Nc  
For “Currant type” Ribes  only 
Tobacco rattle virus  [strains not in New 
Zealand]  Herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq  
OR  
Cq, Cs and Nc.  
Indicators: Chenopodium amaranticolor, Ca - Chenopodium quinoa, Cq – Cucumis sativus, Cs – Nicotiana 
clevelandii, Nc.  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(3) Indicator plants must be grown under  appropriate temperatures.  
(4) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(5) For each Ribes  plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different branches of 
the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older leaf.  
(6) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(7) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be inspected at least twice per week for signs of virus infection 
with observations being recorded on a wee kly basis.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(8) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(9) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using pos itive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing;  
(10) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(11) Positive controls must be used in PCR.  
(12) Inspection of the Ribes  plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs o f pest and disease must be 
at least once per week.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Ribes  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Virus      
    
Raspberry ringspot virus   
    
Tobacco rattle virus (strains not in 
New Zealand)   
    
*For organisms intercepted that are not listed within this pest list refer to Biosecurity  Organisms 
Register for Imported Commodities  (BORIC) to determine the regulatory status.  
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2.71 Rubus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Rubus ”. 
Approved countrie s: All 
Quarantine pests: Refer  to pest list for  Rubus  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 2  
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 3 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.71.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.71.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection method s  
Raspberry ringspot virus  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq, Cs and Nc  
Tomato ringspot virus  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq, Cs and Nc  
Indicators: Chenopodium quinoa , Cq – Cucumis sativus, Cs – Nicotiana clevelandii, Nc.  
(1) Tests  are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begin once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing needs to be conducted on new spring growth. For each Rubus  plant, at least two young 
fully- expanded leaves must be sampled from different branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf 
and one older leaf.  
(4) Herbaceous Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures at 18 -25 ºC.  
(5) Indicato r plants must be shaded for 24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(6) For each Rubus  plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different branches of 
the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older leaf.  
(7) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(8) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be inspected at least twice per week for signs of virus infection 
with observations being recorded on a weekly basis.  
(9) Positive and negative (buff er solution) controls must be used on all herbaceous indexing tests.  
(10) PCR and ELISA tests need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing;  
(11) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  130 of 169 
(12) Positive and negative controls must be used in PCR.  
(13) Inspection of the Rubus  plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week during periods of active growth.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and  a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  131 of 169 
 
Rubus  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus  
    Raspberry ringspot virus  
    Tomato ringspot virus  
    *For organisms intercepted that are not listed within this pest list refer to Biosecurity  Organisms 
Register for Imported Commodities  (BORIC) to determine the regulatory status.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.72 Sesamum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sesamum .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Alternaria sesami, Cercoseptoria sesami, Xanthomonas cam pestris  pv. sesami, 
Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.72.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Sesamum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.72.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied tha t the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary c ertificate:  
a) “The Sesamum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Alternaria sesami , Cercoseptoria sesami  
and Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami ;  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Alternaria sesami , 
Cercoseptoria  sesami  or Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami ”.  
 
 Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.73 Solanum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum .” For Solanum lycopersicum  and Solanum 
tuberosum , please refer to the individual schedules which fol low. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Potato spindle tuber viroid . 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.73.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied  that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanita ry certificate:  
a) “The [insert species name]  seeds for sowing have been:  
i) sourced from an ‘pest free area’ free from Potato spindle tuber viroid;   
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Potato spindle tuber viroid”;  
OR 
b) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been officially tested, on a 
representative sample and using appropriate methods, and found to be free from Potato 
spindle tuber viroid ”. 
2.73.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior t o export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.74 Solanum lycopers icum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum lycopersicum .” 
Approved c ountries : All countries   
Quarantine pests: Columnea latent viroid , Pepino mosaic virus, Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato chlorotic 
dwarf viroid , Tomato brown rugose fruit virus , Tomato apical stunt viroid, Tomato plant macho viroid , Tomato 
mottle mosaic virus  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.74.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying st atement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been prepared to industry standards with 
thorough cleaning to remove all trace s of flesh from the seeds”.  
AND  
b) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Pepino mosaic virus . 
OR 
ii) sourced from a pest free place of production’ free from Pepino mosaic virus . 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample, and using appropriate methods, and 
found to be free from Pepino mosaic virus” . 
AND  
c) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Columnea latent viroid , Potato spindle tuber 
viroid, Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid , and  Tomato planta 
macho viroid . 
OR  
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Columnea latent viroid , 
Potato spindle tuber viroid, Tomato apical stunt vi roid, Tomato chlorotic dwarf 
viroid, and Tomato planta macho viroid.  
OR 
iii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ where parent plants have been tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Columnea latent 
viroid , Potato spindle t uber viroid , Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato chlorotic 
dwarf viroid , and Tomato planta macho viroid .  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  135 of 169 
OR 
iv) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using a  NPPO 
approved PCR testing method, and found to be free from Columnea latent viroid , 
Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato apical stunt  viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf 
viroid , and Tomato planta macho viroid ”. 
AND  
d) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ , free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  
OR  
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free pla ce of production’ free from Tomato brown rugose fruit 
virus . 
OR  
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially  
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -
approved PCR testing method  and found free from Tomato brown rugose fruit 
virus ”. 
AND  
e) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ , free from Tomato mottle mosaic  virus  
OR  
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free pla ce of production’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic  virus . 
OR  
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially 
drawn according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -
approved ELISA or NPPO -approved PCR testing method  and found free from 
Tomato mottle mosaic  virus ”. 
2.74.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.   
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, mu st be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
 
Guidance  
• The ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
is not accepted as a valid test by MPI.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  in Import Health Standard 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  should be 
based only on a negative result obt ained in an NPPO -approved PCR test and not on results from a 
bioassay.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus  in Import Health Standard 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  should be based 
only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved ELISA or NPPO -approved PCR test and not 
on results from a bioassay.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  136 of 169 
• For tomato seed lots tested for quarantine pests onshore in New Zealand at an MPI -approved testing 
laboratory, addit ional declarations by the exporting NPPO are not required to be endorsed on the 
phytosanitary certificate . 
• Removal of ELISA as a testing option for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  will come into force on xx 
2021 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2.75 Solanum tuberosum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum tuberosum .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Andean potato latent virus, Andean potato mild mosaic virus, Potato black ring virus,  
Potato spindle tuber viroid, Potato virus T, Tobacco ringspot virus  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not req uired  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.75.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import hea lth standard.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.76 Sorghum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sorghum .” 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, USA  
Quarantine pests: Peronosclerospora so rghi, Sclerospora graminicola, Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.76.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Sorghum seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments.  
2.76.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the  disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard a nd 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Sorghum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Peronosclerospora sorghi  and Sclerospora 
graminicola.  
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of productio n’ free from Peronosclerospora sorghi  
and Sclerospora graminicola”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  139 of 169 
2.77 Stenotaphrum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Stenotaphrum .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Panicum mosaic virus  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.77.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by  providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.78 Trigonella foenum -graecum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05  under Trigonella foenum -graecum .” 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Cercosporidium traversiana, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.78.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Trigonella foenum -graecum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT 
Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.78.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment( s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Trigonella foenum -graecum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Cercosporidium traversiana;    
OR 
ii) sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Cercosporidium traversiana .  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.79 Triticum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Triticum .” 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France , 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Triticum”.  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not re quired  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.79.1   Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Alternaria triticina, Cephalosporium gramineum, and Curvularia verruculosa  
all Triticum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments  
2.79.2   Phytosanitary Certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the  disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard a nd 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Rathayibacter tritici , Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa ) and viruses ( High 
plains virus, Indian peanut clump virus )”; 
OR 
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated 
bacteria ( Rathayibacter tritici, Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa ) and viruses 
(High plains virus, Indian peanut cl ump virus )”. 
AND  
b) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i)  sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Anguina tritici” ,  
OR  
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Anguina tritici” , 
OR 
iii) “inspected microscopically for Anguina tritici  in accordance wi th appropriate official 
procedures, and no Anguina tritici  spores were detected”.  
AND  
c) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  142 of 169 
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi ( Alternaria 
triticina, Cephalosporium gramineum, Curvularia verruculos a)”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approv ed treatments ”;  
AND  
d) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia indica” ; 
OR 
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tilletia controversa  and 
Tilletia indica  and treated with an approved fungicide treatment”;  
OR  
iii) “a representative sample of 600 seeds, drawn from this consignment according to 
the International Seed  Testing Associations methodology, has been tested for 
Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia indica  (and no spores of Tilletia controversa  or 
Tilletia indica  were found in a representative sample of 600 seeds drawn from this 
consignment) AND treated with an ap proved fungicide treatment”.  
 
2.79.3  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  143 of 169 
Triticum  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Blattodea   
   
Blattidae   
    
Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach    
Coleoptera   
   
Bostrichidae   
    
Dinoderus distinctus  bostrichid beetle      
Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer     
Bruchidae   
    
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil     
Curculionidae   
    
Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma glabrum  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle     
Languriidae   
    
Pharaxonotha kirschii  Mexican grain beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Cynaeus angustus  larger black flour beetle      
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle      
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle      
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle      
Tribolium audax  american black flour beetle      
Tribolium freemani  flour beetle      
Ulomoides dermestoides  darkling beetle    
Diptera   
   
Cecidomyiidae   
    
Contarinia pisi  pea midge    
Lepidoptera   
   
Noctuidae   
    
Faronta albilinea  wheat head armyworm     
Pyralidae   
    
Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth      
Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth     
Tineidae   
    
Cephitinea colonella  grain moth      
Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Psocoptera   
   
Liposcelidae   
    
Troctes minutus  psocid  
Mite     
 
Arachnida    
  
Acarina   
   
Acaridae   
    
Caloglyphus krameri   
    
Michaelopus macfarlanei   
   
Eriophyidae   
    
Aceria tulipae (vector)  wheat curl mite      
Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite     
Tarsonemidae   
    
Tarsonemus granarius   
   
Tuckerellidae   
    
Tuckerella ablutus   
    
unknown Acarina   
    
Paratriophtydeus coineaurius   
Nematode     
 
Secernentea   
  
Tylenchida   
   
Anguinidae   
    
Anguina tritici [vector]  seed gall nematode  
Fungus      
 
Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes   
  
Ustilaginales   
   
Tilletiaceae   
    
Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt      
Tilletia indica  karnal bunt  
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)   
Hyphomycetales    
Dematiaceae      
Alternaria triticina   
    
Curvularia verruculosa   
  
Moniliaceae      
Cephalosporium gramineum  stripe    
Corynebacteriaceae      
Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot    
Pseudomonadaceae      
Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
undulosa  leaf streak  
Virus      
  
High plains virus   
  
Indian peanut clump virus   
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.80 Ulmus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Ulmus. ” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Cherry leaf roll virus, Elm mottle virus  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ: Not required   
Approved treatment: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.80.1   Phytosanitary Certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Ulmus seeds have been:  
i) sourced from trees which were officially ins pected during the growing season and 
no Cherry leaf roll virus  or Elm mottle virus  was detected;  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Cherry leaf roll virus  and Elm mottle virus  are not 
known to occur”.  
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.81 Vaccinium  
The following requirements only apply to specie s in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vaccinium .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to pest list for Vaccinium   
Import permit : Required.  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum P EQ p eriod : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.81.1   Phytosanitary cerificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.81.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Diaporthe vaccinii  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Botryosphaeria vaccinii  Growing season  inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia vaccinii -
corymbosi  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Blueberry shock virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Nb, Nc.  
Blueberry leaf mottle virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Peach rosette mosaic 
virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Ca, Cq  
Tomato ringspot virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium amaranticolor  (Ca), C. quinoa  (Cq), Nicotiana benthamiana  (Na), and N. 
clevelandi  (Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem  including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least 4 
weeks.  
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus in fection..  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(7) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(8) At least two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(9) Positive and neg ative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (deno ted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(11) Testing must  be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  Positive and negative controls 
(including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR te sts are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
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Vaccinium  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Fungus   
Ascomycota   
Diaporthales  
Valsaceae    
Diaporthe vaccinii (anamorph 
Phomopsis vaccinii)  twig blight  
Dothideales  
Botryosphaeriaceae    
Botryosphaeria vaccinii (anamorph 
Phyllosticta elongata)   
Leotiales  
Sclerotiniaceae    
Monilinia fructigena (anamorph 
Monilia fructigena)  european brown rot  
  
Monilinia vaccinii -corymbosi  brown rot  
Virus  
Bromoviridae   
Ilarvirus   
  
Blueberry shock virus   
Comoviridae    
 
Nepovirus   
  
Blueberry leaf mottle virus   
  
Peach rosette mosaic virus   
  
Tomato ringspot virus [strains not in 
New Zealand]   
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2.82 Vicia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vicia .” 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom 
and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to pest list for Vicia  
Import permit : Not required.  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.82.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Vicia  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.82.2  Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the  certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Vicia seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated viruses ( Artichoke 
yellow ringspot virus, Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean stain virus, Broad bean 
true mosaic virus, Pea early -browning virus )”. 
OR 
ii) “sourced from a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated 
viruses ( Artichoke yellow ringspot vi rus, Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean stain 
virus, Broad bean true mosaic virus, Pea early -browning virus )”. 
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1.11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurit y Treatments  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Vicia  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Bruchidae   
    
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle      
Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus atomarius  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus dentipes  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil      
Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil      
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle    
Diptera   
   
Cecidomyiidae   
    
Contarinia pisi  pea midge    
Lepidoptera   
   
Lycaenidae   
    
Virachola livia  pomegranate butterfly  
Virus      
    
Artichoke yellow ringspot virus   
    
Broad bean mottle virus   
    
Broad bean stain virus   
    
Broad bean true mosaic virus   
    
Pea early -browning virus   
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2.83 Vigna  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vigna .” 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens , Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
vignicola, Earias vitella, Maruca testulalis, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.83.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration s 
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Vigna  seed have been:  
i) collected from plants  which were inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens  
or Xanthomonas campestris  pv. vignico la was detected.  
OR 
ii) sourced from an area where Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens  and 
Xanthomanas campestris  pv. vignicola  are not known to occur”.  
AND [For seed in pods]:  
b) “The Vigna  seed pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars  of Earias vitella  or 
Maruca testulalis  were found in a 600 unit sample”.  
 
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2.84 Vitis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vitis.” 
Approved c ountrie s: All 
Quarantine pests:  Grapevine angular mosaic virus, Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus, Grapevine chrome 
mosaic virus, Grapevine fanleaf virus  [strains not in New Zealand], Grapevine line pattern virus, Grapevine 
yellow speckle viroid -2, Peach rosette mosaic virus, Tomato ringspot virus . 
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 2  
Minimum  PEQ  period:  3 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.84.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.84.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Grapevine angular mosaic viru s  Growing season inspection  
Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus  Herbaceous indicators (Ca and Cq)   
Grapevine chrome mosaic virus  Herbaceous indicators (Ca, Cq, Cs and Nt)  
Grapevine fanleaf virus  [strains 
not in New Zealand]  ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca, Cq and Cs)  
Grapevine line pattern virus  Growing season inspection  
Grapevine yellow speckle viroid -2 PCR and Growing season inspection  
Peach rosette mosaic virus * ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca, Cq, Cs and Nt)  
Tomato ringspot  virus * ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca and Cq)  
Herbaceous indexing will use the indicators Ca - Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cq - Chenopodium quinoa, Cs - 
Cucumis sativus and Nt - Nicotiana tabacum.  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinat ed from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begin once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing is to be conducted on new spring growth. For each plant, at least two fully -expanded 
leaves must be sampled from different branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an 
older leaf.  
(4) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testin g is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(5) All PCR and ELISA tests must be validated using positive controls prior to use in quarantine testing. 
Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control for PCR) must be used in all tests.  
(6) At least two plants of each herbaceous indicator species must be used in each test. Herbaceous 
indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures and must be shaded for 24 hrs prior to 
inoculation. Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under  appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. Inspect inoculated indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus 
infection.  
(7) Inspection of the Vitis plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week while in active growth. A record of inspections carried out by the Operator is to 
be kept and made available to the MPI Inspector on request.  
  
Guidance:  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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2.85  Zea 
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Zea.” 
Approved countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, Chile, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, 
the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and United States of 
America . 
Quarantine pests: Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, C lavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, 
Pantoea stewartii, High plains virus, Maize dwarf mosaic virus, Maize chlorotic mottle virus, Sugarcane 
mosaic virus, Botryosphaeria zeae, Cochliobolus pallescens, Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps gigantea,  
Gloeocercospora sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Peronosclerospora heteropogoni, P. maydis, P. philippinensis, P. 
sacchari, P.  sorghi, Phaeocytostroma ambiguum, Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae, Rhizopus maydis, 
Stenocarpella macrospora and Cephalosporium maydis.  
Regulated pests:  Refer to pest list for Zea  
Import  Permit : Permit n ot required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.85.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for the regulated fungi specified a ll Zea seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI -STD-ABTRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments.  
2.85.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by p roviding the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration (s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Zea seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated b acteria Acidovorax 
avenae  subsp. avenae , Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis , Pantoea 
stewartii  and viruses High plains virus  and Maize dwarf mosaic virus ”; 
OR 
ii) “sourced from a  ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated 
bacteria Acidovorax avenae  subsp. avenae , Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. 
nebraskensis , Pantoea stewartii  and viruses High plains virus and Maize dwarf 
mosaic virus ”; 
OR 
iii) “a representative sampl e, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA 
or AOSA methodology, has been tested for the presence of and found free from the 
named regulated bacteria Acidovorax avenae  subsp. avenae, Clavibacter 
michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis, Pantoea st ewartii  and viruses High plains virus 
and Maize dwarf mosaic virus”.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  155 of 169 
AND  
b) “The Zea seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated viruses Maize 
chlorotic mottle  virus and S ugarcane mosaic virus”;   
OR 
ii) “a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA 
or AOSA methodology, has been tested for and found free from the named 
regulated viruses Maize chlorotic mottle  virus and S ugarcane mosaic virus”   
 
Guidance  
• Refer section 1. 11 Seeds of MPI Standard MPI -STD-ATBRT Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
• Countries that MPI recognise endorsing “Pest free area” as an additional declaration for Sugarcane 
mosaic virus  are as follow s:  
- Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, the 
Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and United 
States of America  
 
AND  
c) “The Zea seeds have been:  
i) sourced from a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi Botryosphaeria 
zeae, Cochliobolus pallescens, Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps gigantea, 
Gloeocercospora sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Peronosclerospora heteropogoni, 
Peronosclerospora mayd is, Peronosclerospora philippinensis, Peronosclerospora 
sacchari, Peronosclerospora sorghi, Phaeocytostroma ambiguum, Sclerophthora 
rayssiae var. zeae, Rhizopus maydis, Stenocarpella macrospora and 
Cephalosporium maydis ”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungic ide combinations in MP I approved treatments ”. 
2.85.3   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consig nments of Zea mays  (sweet corn, maize) 
are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM  seed 
according to the Protocol (refer to Part 1.5.4: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for testing for the presence of genetically modified plant material can be 
found at https://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
• Popcorn does not require GM testing. The full scientific name must be specified on the 
phytosanitary certificate (e.g. Zea mays var. everta) to enable popcorn to be given clearance 
without a GM testing certificate.  
2.85.4   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export , or on arrival in New Zeala nd.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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(3) Pantoea stewartii : A negative result from testing a re presentative sample of a minimum of 400 seeds, 
using the immunosorbent assay test described by Lamka et al.  (1991), may be used to show the 
consignment is free of Pantoea stewartii  subsp. stewartii .; 
(4) Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. neb raskensis : A negativ e result from testing a representative 
sample of a minimum of 400 seeds, using the sCNS Culture Plate Method (Shepherd, 199 9; 
www .seedhealth.org ), may be used to show the consignment i s free of Claviba cter mic higanensi s 
subsp.  Nebraskensis ; 
(5) Acidovorax avenae subsp.  avenae : A negative result from testing a representative sample of a 
minimum of 400 seeds, using the methodology of Dange et al . (1978), may be used to show the 
consignment is free of Acidovorax aven ae subsp . Avenae ; 
(6) High plains virus: A negat ive result  from testing a representative sample of seeds using greenhouse 
grow -out tests and ELISA testing as described  by Forster et al. (2001) and Crop Plant Compendium 
2003 , or a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds , using a PCR NPPO approve d method , 
such as Lebas et al. (2005) , may be used to show that the consignment is free  of High plains virus ; 
(7) Maize dwarf mosaic virus: A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
2000 seeds, using  an NPPO approved method , may be used to show the consignment  is free of Maize 
dwarf mosaic virus ; 
(8) Maize chlorotic mottle virus:  A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
3000 seeds, u sing ELISA or PCR testing, may be used to show the consignment is free f rom Maize 
chlorotic mottle virus;  
(9) Sugarcane mosaic virus : A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
2000 seeds, using an NPPO approved method, may be used to show the consignment is free of 
Sugarcane mosaic virus . 
 
References:  
• Dange SRS, Payak MM, Renfro BL, 1978. Seed transmission of Pseudomonas rubrilineans, the 
incitant of bacterial leaf stripe of maize. Indian Phytopathology 31(4):523 -524. 
• Forster RL, Seifers DL, Strausbaugh CA, Jensen SG, Ball EM, Harvey TL, 20 01. Seed transmission 
of the High Plains virus in sweet corn. Plant Disease 85(7):696 -699 
• Lamka, G L; Hill, J H; McGee, D C; and Braun, E J. 1991: Development of an immunosorbent assay 
for seedborne Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii in corn seeds. Phytopa thology 81:839 -846 
• Lebas, B.S.; Ochoa -Corona, F.M.; Elliot, D.R.; Tang, Z. and Alexander, B.J.R. 2005. Development of 
an RT -PCR for High Plains virus indexing scheme in New Zealand post entry quarantine. Plant 
Disease, 89:1103 -1108.  
• Shepherd, L.M. 1999:  Detection and transmission of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis 
of corn. Ms Thesis, Iowa State University,  Ames, IA.  
 
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Zea  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)   
 
Insect      
  Insecta  
    Bostrichidae  
     Dinoderus distinctus  bostrichid beetle  
     Dinoderus minutus  bamboo powderpost beetle  
     Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer  
    Cucujidae  
     Cathartus quadricollis  squarenecked grain beetle  
   Curculionidae  
     Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil  
   Dermestidae       
Attagenus unicolor  black carpet beetle       
Trogoderma glabrum  khapra beetle  
     Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
     Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle       
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
   Histeridae        
Teretriosoma nigrescens       
Languriidae  
     Pharaxonotha kirschiI  Mexican grain beetle  
   Melyridae  
   Nitidulidae  
     Carpophilus freemani  dried fruit beetle  
     Carpophilus lugubris  dusky sap beetle  
     Glischrochilus quadrisignatus  four-spotted sap beetle  
   Ptinidae  
     Gibbium psylloides  shiny spider beetle  
   Scolytidae  
     Pagiocerus frontalis  bark borer  
   Tenebrionidae  
     Alphitobius laevigatus  black fungus beetle  
     Cynaeus angustus  larger black flour beetle  
     Gnatocerus maxillosus  slenderhorned flour beetle       
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle       
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle       
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle       
Tribolium freemani  flour beetle    
Diptera     
Otitidae       
Euxesta stigmatias    
  
Hemiptera  
   Coreidae  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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     Leptoglossus zonatus  coreid bug  
  Lepidoptera  
   Cosmopterigidae  
     Pyroderces rileyi  pink scavenger caterpillar  
  Noctuidae  
     Sesamia calamistis  pink stalk borer  
     Sesamia nonagrioides  pink borer  
  Pyralidae       
Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth       
Doloessa viridis         
Mussidia nigrivenella  pyralid moth       
Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth  
  Tortricidae  
     Cryptophlebia leucotreta  false codling moth  
 Psocoptera  
  Liposcelidae  
     Liposcelis bostrychophilus  booklouse       
Liposcelis entomophilus  grain psocid       
Liposcelis paetus  booklouse    
Trogiidae       
Lepinotus reticulatus    
Mite     
  Arachnida  
   Acarina  
    Pyemotidae       
Acaropsellina sollers   
 
Fungus      
  Ascomycota  
   Dothideales  
   Botryosphaeriaceae       
Botryosphaeria zeae (anamorph 
macrophoma zeae)  grey ear rot  
   Pleosporaceae       
Cochliobolus pallescens  
(anamorph Curvularia pallescens)  - 
     
Cochliobolus tuberculatus 
(anamorph Curvularia tuberculata)  leaf spot  
     Gloeocercospora sorghi  zonate leaf spot  
  Hypocreales  
   Clavicipitaceae  
     Claviceps gigantea  ergot  
  Basidiomycota  
  Ustomycetes  
   Ustilaginales  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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    Ustilaginaceae  
     Ustilago maydis  boil smut   
Mitosporic Fungi ( Coelomycetes)   
  Sphaerioidales  
  Sphaerioidaceae  
     Stenocarpella macrospora  dry rot of maize  
     Phaecytostroma ambigum  - 
 Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)  
  Hyphomycetales  
   Moniliaceae  
     Cephalosporium maydis   
 Oomycota   
  Sclerosporales   
   Sclerosporaceae        
Peronosclerospora heteropogoni   
     
Peronosclerospora maydis  Java downy mildew       
Peronosclerospora philippinensis  Philippine downy mildew       
Peronosclerospora sacchari   
     
Peronosclerospora sorghi  sorghum downy mildew       
Phaeocytostroma ambiguum   
   Verrucalvaceae  
     Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae   
 Zygomycota  
 Zygomycetes  
  Mucorales  
   Mucoraceae       
Rhizopus maydis  rhizopus seed rot       
Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae   
     
Stenocarpella macrospora  dry rot       
Ustilago maydis  boil smut   
Bacterium     
   Pseudomonadaceae       
Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae  bacterial blight  
   Corynebacteriaceae       
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. 
nebraskensis  Goss' bacterial wilt  
   Enterobacteriaceae       
Pantoea stewartii  Stewart's bacterial wilt   
Virus      
     
High plains virus   
   Potyviridae  
    Potyvirus       
Maize chlorotic mottle virus  MCMV       
Maize dwarf mosaic virus  MDMV  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Sugarcane mosaic virus  SCMV   
Weed      
        Angiospermae  
  Scrophulariales  
   Scrophulariaceae       
Striga asiatica  witch -weed       
Striga hermonthica  witch -weed  
 
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Appendix  1: Definitions  
Definitions have the same meaning as defined by the Act and ISPM 5: Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms 
(2012), unless set out below:  
 
a.i.  
Active ingredient.  
 
AOSA  
The Association of Official Seed Analysts is an organisation comprised of member laboratories which are 
staffed by certified seed analysts. Such seed testing facilities include official state, federal, and university seed 
laboratories across the United States of America and Canada.  
 
Basic seed  
Refers to seed listed  in the Plant Biosecurity Index under “ Import Specification for Seed for Sowing”.  
 
BORIC  
Biosecurity Organisms Register for Imported Commodities: MPI dat abase which informs on the quarantine 
status for an organism as either regulated or non - regulated f or New Zealand.  
 
Contamination  
Presence in a commodity, storage place, conveyance or container, of pests or other regulated articles, not 
constituting an infestation.  
 
ELISA  
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.  
 
EPA 
Environmental Protection Authority is resp onsible  for administering the Hazardous Substances and New 
Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996.  
 
Fleshy fruit  
Any fruit (matured ovary) that is succulent or semi -succulent e.g. a berry, drupe, pome.  
 
Genetically modified organism (GM)  
Any organism in which any of the genes or any of the other genetic material has been modified by in -vitro 
techniques; or is inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes or other 
genetic material which has been modified  by in-vitro techniques.  [as defined by the HSNO Act 1996]  
 
Growing season inspection  
Visual inspection by a person authorized by the NPPO during period or periods of the year when plants 
active ly grow in an area, place of production or production site.  
 
Herbaceous Indexing  
Virus detection and identification technique where plant viruses are transmitted mechanically or via a vector to 
a number of herbaceous indicator plants for the observation of characteristic symptoms.  
 
ISTA  
International Seed Testing Association.  
 
IPPC  
International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited  with FAO in Rome in 1951 and as subsequently 
amended [FAO, 1990].  
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Isolation  
Applies to PEQ facilities which must meet the minimum isolation requirements (from plants outside the PEQ 
facility) listed in this IHS.  
 
ISPM  
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures are the international standards  adopted by the Conference 
of FAO, the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures or the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, 
establ ished under the IPPC [CEPM, 1996; revised CEPM, 1999].  
 
Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 post-entry quarantine  
A system of post entry quarantine screening whereby seed is grown under certain specified conditions on a 
property approved to the Facility Standard : Post Entry Quarantine for Plants (MPI.STD.PEQ) . 
 
MPL  
Maximum Pest Limit.  
 
NPPO  
National Plant Protection Organisation is the o fficial  service established by Government to discharge the 
functions specified by the IPPC. [FAO, 1990; formerly Plant Protection Organisation (National)].  
 
Officially tested  
Tested by a laboratory approved by the exporting country NPPO if performed offshore or by the importing 
country NPPO if performed on -shore  
 
PCR  
Polymerase chain reaction  
 
Pelleted seed  
Seed encased in a man -made nutritive or protective covering.  
 
PEQ  
Post Entry Quarantine . Quarantine applied to a consignment after entry.  
 
Permit  
A permit to import issued by MPI that specifies the conditions under which a particular commodity may be 
imported into New Zealand.  
 
Pest  
Any species, strain or biotype of ani mal or pathogenic agent (fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids) injurious to 
plants or plant products .  
Note: For the purpose of this import health standard “pest” includes an organism sometimes associated with the 
pathway, which poses a risk to human or animal or plant life or health (SPS Article 2).  
 
Plant Biosecurity Index  
MPI s earch system for identifying the status of plant species for importing  to New Zealand.  
 
Pre-Germinated Seed  
Seed with only the radicle (embryonic root) emerged.  
 
Quarantine Pest  
A pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present 
but not widely distributed and being officially controlled [FAO, 1990; revised FAO 1995; IPPC 1997].  
 
Quarantine W eed Seeds  
An invasive plant spec ies as set out in the MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  163 of 169 
 
Regulated Pest  
A quarantine pest or a regulated non - quarantine pest listed in BORIC as being regulated for New Zealand.  
Note: If an intercepted organism is not listed in BORIC, th e NPPO must contact MPI to establish the regulatory status.  
 
Representative sample  
A sample that is to be submitted to the approved testing laboratory and may comprise either the whole of the 
composite  seed  sample or a subsample thereof.  
 
SAC  
Seed Analysis Certificate  
 
Seed  
A unit of reproduction used for sowing. This includes spores but excludes vegetative propagules.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  164 of 169 
Appendix 2: Amendment Record  
The amendment history to this import health standard is  set out below.  
 
No: Details:  Date:  
1 Not included  06/08/1998  
2 Not included  17/03/1999  
3 Not included  01/07/1999  
4 Not included  16/08/1999  
5 Not included  28/06/2001  
6 Not included  27/09/2001  
7 Not included  21/03/2002  
8 Schedule of special entry conditions for Brassica napus  01/10/2002  
9 Schedule of entry conditions for Glycine  01/01/2003  
10 Schedule of entry conditions for Gossypium  01/05/2003  
11 Schedule of entry conditions for Acrocomia , Cocos , Corypha , Elaeis , Livistona  
and Phoenix   19/05/2003  
12 Schedule of entry conditions for Coffea 24/06/2003  
13 Removal of sections 2.2.3 and 3.4 and insertion of revised section 3.3 
Importation of seed into post -entry quarantine  04/08/2003  
14 Schedule of entry conditions for Cicer  22/09/2003  
15 Schedule of entry conditions for Beta, Lens , Malus , Medicago , Prunus , Pyrus  
and Vaccinium  24/11/2003  
16 Sections 1.1.1, 1.3, 2.3 and all schedules of special conditions  09/02/2004  
17 Schedule of entry conditions for Actinidia  and Papaver somniferum  01/06/2004  
18 Section 1.6 and schedules of special conditions for Agropyron , Beta, Fragaria , 
Hordeum , Humulus , Pisum  and Ribes  09/08/2004  
19 Schedules of special conditions for Avena , Hordeum , Pisum , Phaseolus , 
Triticum  and Vicia  07/12/2004  
20 Schedule of special cond itions for Zea 25/5/2005  
21 Schedules of special conditions for Avena , Cannabis , Hordeum , Pisum , 
Triticum , Vicia  and Zea 26/9/2005  
22 Schedule of special conditions for Anethum  14/10/2005  
23 Schedule of special conditions for Brassica , Glycine , Medicago  and Zea 30/11/2006  
24 Sections 1, 2,3; schedules of special conditions for Anethum  (removed), 
Arbidopsis thaliana  (permit required) Avena , Hordeum , Triticum  and Zea 
(removal of Wheat streak mosaic virus ); Phaseolus  and Vicia  (removal of 
Colletrotrichm tr uncatum ) 03/12/2007  
25 Sections 1 & 2; inclusion of section 2.2.6 Geneticall y modified seed testing; 
revised schedules of special conditions for Corylus  (new), Cucurbita pepo 
(new), Arabidopsis thaliana , Zea, Brassica napus , Glycine  and Medicago . 21/04/20 09 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  165 of 169 
No: Details:  Date:  
26 Revised schedules of special conditions for Hordeum  and Triticum . 7/05/2009  
27 Addition of schedule for Linum usitatissimum . Revised schedule of special 
conditions for Fragaria  and Ribes . Removal of Echinacea angustifolia  from 
section 1.5.2  19/03/2010  
28 Removal of Xanthomonas translucens  pv. translucens  from the Hordeum and 
Triticum  schedules. Revised schedule of Zea, including Japan as an approved 
country with the addition of Gloeocercospora sorghi  to the pest list. Addition of a 
pea seed soak test on arrival in the Pisum schedule.  22/09/2010  
29 Revised schedules of special conditions for Acer, Carpinus, Carya ovata, 
Castanea  and Quercus  to manage Cryphonectria parasitica . 16/09/2011  
30 Addition of section 2.2.7 ‘Importation of Seed Produ cts’, section 2.2.8 “Seed for 
Sowing of New Zealand Origin’ and section 2.4 ‘Equivalence’.  5/12/2011  
31 Revised schedule for Rubus , and removal of [strains not present in New 
Zealand] from all listings of Tomato ringspot virus  in Fragaria, Rubus , and 
Vacc inium  schedules.  20/03/2012  
32 Revised schedule of special conditions for Citrus . 3/04/2012  
33 Updated fungicide treatment option for Avena, Hordeum  and Triticum . 7/05/2012  
34 Reformat of complete IHS, including all schedules . 29/06/2012  
35 Correction to the Zea schedule: removal of Maize mottle chlorotic stunt virus  
from the quarantine requirements.  24/07/2012  
36 Revision of Section 8 ‘Equivalence’ and Section 9 “Biosecurity clearance’ . 27/08/2012  
37 New schedule for tomato ( Solanum lycope rsicum ) and minor correction of 
Macadamia schedule.  19/10/2012  
38 New schedule for Brassica  (urgent amendment) and minor amendment to 
Acrocomia  schedule.  19/04/2013  
39 Revised schedule for Malus  (apple) seed for sowing.  24/04/2013  
40 Removal of schedule for Brassica , retaining schedule for Brassica napus . 02/08/2013  
41 New schedule for grape ( Vitis spp.), incorporated as an urgent amendment.  08/08/2013  
42 Addition of section 6 (Part A) , ‘Seed for sowing imported as laboratory 
specimens’.  Revised schedule of special conditions for Arabidopsis thaliana  
(removal of requirement for a phytosanitary certificate).  Revised schedules of 
special conditions for Fragaria, Phaseolus, Ribes, Rubus idaeus  and Vitis 
(removal of Tomato black ri ng virus  from the quarantine requirements).  12/12/2013  
43 Addition of further approved fungicide treatments to the Phaseolus  and Pisum 
schedules  19/6/2014  
44 Revised schedule for Zea mays , specifying a seed sample size for Maize dwarf 
mosaic virus . 18/8/2014  
45 New schedule for Capsicum  and Solanum  19/8/2014  
46 New schedule for Cucurbitaceae and changes to Zea mays  (urgent 
amendment)  1/12/2014  
47 Revised schedule for Zea mays , clarifying the requirements for Sugarcane 
mosaic virus  and Maize chloro tic mottle virus  7/8/2015  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  166 of 169 
No: Details:  Date:  
48 Publication of the CTO direction for all Zea mays  consignment originated from 
Chile.  11/09/2015  
49 New IHS format. Added section 1.6 (pre -determined testing in PEQ), amended 
phytosanitary certificate requirements and GM testing requirements.  26/11/2015  
50 Reinstating section 6 (Part A) now section 1.9 Part 1: "Seed for sowing imported 
as laboratory specimens" . Minor amendment for Beta and Zea schedule . 
Removal of Barley mosaic virus  from the pest list of Hordeum  and revised the 
schedule.  21/12/2015  
51 Reinstating and revision of the requirements for species of Rubus and 
clarification of Section 1.9  21/01/2016  
52 Addition to a paragraph related to importation of GMO seeds for reseach 
purposes and also the addi tion of the pathogen Andean potato mild mosaic 
virus (APMMV)  to the Solanum tuberosum schedule as a regulated pest.  02/03/2016  
53 Revised the Capsicum schedule: addition of PCFVd as a quarantine pest  09/10/2016  
54 Orthographic corrections under Zea, Triticum and Lavandula schedules  and 
amendment to the Zea schedule to allow for testing onshore for all quan rantine 
pests listed in the Zea mays pest list , reformatting of Appendix 3: Declaration 
form to facilitate its use  and the addition of a hyperlink t o the protocol for GMO 
testing  under the Zea schedule . 25/11/2016  
55 Review of the Cucurbitaceae schedule: new measures for CGMMV and addition 
of KGMMV as a quarantine pest.  Update of the Capsicum schedule.  26/01/2017  
56 Removal of Clover yellow mosaic virus  and Red clover vein mosaic virus . 
Addition of onshore testing for the Agropyron schedule.  Update  name of PEQ 
standard, update references to  Level 3 PEQ to reflect requirements of the 
reissued PEQ standard.  09/03/2017  
57 Addition of Apiaceae and Petu nia schedules  and o ther minor changes.  09/06/2017  
58 Change to the treatment requirements for the Apiaceae schedule and other 
minor changes.  14/12/2017  
59 Removal of pea soak test, addition of compulsory fumigation for pea seeds and 
migration of all approv ed treatments to MPI -STD-ABTRT.  22/02/2018  
60 Addition of Myrtaceae Specific Requirements  11/07/2018  
61 Addition of onshore testing for Grapevine yellow speckle viroid -2 to the specific 
requirements for Vitis.  11/01/2019  
62 Addition of requirements for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) to 
specific requirements for Capsicum and Solanum lycopersicum.  19/03/2019  
63 Review of the standard to remove errors and clarify ambiguities an d current 
requirements  as part of the tidying the roo m project . 02/09/2019  
64 Apiaceae  and Cannabis sativa  specific requirements : Addition of onshore hot 
water treatment as a phytosanitary option; Capsicum  and Solanum 
lycopersicum  specific requirements : addition of molecular testing as an offshore 
phytosanitary measure for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and inclusion of 
guidance information that the ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay is not accepted by 
MPI as a valid test for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus ; Petunia  specific 
requirements: addition of option for importers to provide a non -GMO declaration 
to meet the genetically modified (GM) requirements for Petunia  seeds for 28/04/2020  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  167 of 169 
No: Details:  Date:  
sowing and removal of requirement for ‘ appropriate common name ’ to be 
specified on phytosanitary certificates for Petunia  seeds for sowing.   
65 Addition of requirements for pelleted seeds for sowing in Section 1.9 of the IHS, 
and inclusion of a requirement for all importers of seed for sowing to make a 
declaration whether their consignmen t contains pelleted seed or not in Section 
1.4 of the IHS.  16/06 /2020  
66. Removal of specific requirements for the Apiaceae schedule.  16/06/2020  
67 Addition of additional declaration requirements for Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
in the specific requierment s for Capsicum  spp. and Solanum lycopersicum . 22/07/2020  
68 Removal of requirement for phytosanitary certifcates for ‘basic’ pelleted seeds 
within part 1.9.  22/07/2020  
69 Amendment to the Petunia  specific requirements  with addition of measures for 
Tomato  chlorotic dwarf viroid  and to the Solanum lycopersicum  specific 
requirements  with addition of measures for Columnea latent viroid , Tomato 
apical stunt viroid  and Tomato planta macho viroid . Harmonization of measures 
for Potato spindle tuber viroid  and Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  in the Solanum 
lycopersicum  specific requirements . 
 22/07/2020  
70 Amendment to the specific requirements for Capsicum  and Solanum 
lycopersicum  to include a suspension notice for import pathways from Israel.  17/12/2020  
71 Amendment to the specific requirements for Capsicum  and Solanum 
lycopersicum  to remove notices of suspension for import pathways from Israel.  15/02/2021  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
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Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  168 of 169 
Appendix 3: Declaration Form  
To be completed and signed by the exporter and importer . 
As defined by the New Zealand HSNO Act 1996, Genetically modified  organism  means , unless expressly provided 
otherwise by regulations , any organism in which any of the genes or any other genetic material (a) have been modified by 
in vitro techniques ; or (b) are inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes or other 
genetic material which has been modified by in vitro techniques . 
Note that under  the Hazardous Substances and  New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996, t he import  and release of any 
genetically modified crop without approval from the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) is unlawful .  
I,. (Exporter’s name and address)…  
 
declare that according to the requirements set out in the Seed for Sowing Import Health Standard (MPI Import Health 
Standard: 155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing - http://www.mpi.govt.nz/docu ment -vault/1151 ,  
 
Insert species name and lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on all the other import documentation  
was produced neither “from” nor “by” genetically modified crops.  
I undertake to inform immediately the importer and  the Ministry for Primary Industries, MPI, N ew Zealand  of any information 
that can undermine the accuracy of this declaration.  
Note that MPI may request evidence  as to how production, handling and transport of these seeds  is performed in the field , 
or require and audit as a way to provide quality  to the production system .  
I (Importer ’s name and address)…  
 
declare  to the best of my knowledge  that according to the requirements set out in the Seed for Sowing Import Health 
Standard (MPI Import Health Standard: 155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing - http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -
vault/1151 ,  
Insert species name and lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on all the other import documentation  
was produced neither “from” nor “by” genetically modified  crops.  
Signed by Exporter  and Company Name  (details)  and date  
 Signed by Importer  and Company Name  (details)  and date  
 
 
Warning: Any person who knowingly makes a statement of information or a declaration that is false or 
misleading in a material particular may on summary conviction, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment 
and/or fined not exceeding $500,000.00.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing     
 15/02/2021  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  169 of 169 
Appendix 4: Species on the Plant Biosecurity Index eligible for 
import into New Zealand as pelleted seeds for sowing.   
 
Ageratum houstonian um Spinacia oleracea  
Allium cepa  Lisianthus russellianus (= Eustoma grandiflorum)  
Allium porrum  Lobelia sp. 
Anethum graveolens  Lobularia maritima  
Angelonia salicariifolia  Mimulus sp. 
Antirrhinum sp.  Nemesia sp. 
Apium graveolens  Nicotiana sp. 
Begonia sp.  Ocimum basilicum  
Bellis perennis  Origanum vulgare  
Beta vulgaris  Papaver sp. 
Brassica napus  Pentas sp. 
Brassica oleracea  Pericallis hybrida (= Pericallis x hybrida)  
Calceolaria sp.  Petroselinum crispum  
Calibrachoa hybrida  Petunia sp. 
Campanula sp. Portulaca sp. 
Celosia sp. Primula sp. 
Chaenorhinum sp. Pyrethrum sp. 
Chrysanthemum sp  Ranunculus sp. 
Cichorium endivia  Rosmarinus officinalis  
Cichorium intybus  Rudbeckia sp. 
Cineraria maritima (= Senecio cineraria)  Salpiglossis sinuata  
Daucus carota  Salvia officinalis  
Dianthus sp. Saxifraga sp. 
Diascia barberae  Senecio cruentus (= Pericallis cruenta)  
Dichondra sp. Silene sp. 
Digitalis sp. Solenostemon scutellarioides  
Eruca sativa  Streptocarpus sp. 
Exacum affine  Sutera sp. 
Foeniculum vulgare  Tagetes sp. 
Gazania sp. Tanacetum parthenium  
Geranium sp. Thymus vulgaris  
Gerbera jamesoni  Torenia fournieri  
Gloxinia speciosa (= Sinningia speciosa)  Trachelium caeruleum  
Gypsophila sp. Verbascum sp. 
Helichrysum sp. Verbena sp. 
Heuchera sp. Veronica sp. 
Isolepis sp. Viola sp. 
Juncus sp. Zinnia sp. 
Lactuca sativa   
Laurentia axillaris (= Isotoma axillaris)   
Linaria sp.  
Pastinacea sativa   
Solanum lycopersicum