DRAF T UGANDA STANDARD  
  DUS 2151  
First Edition  
2019 -mm-dd 
 
 
 Reference number  
DUS 2151:2019  
© UNBS 2019   
  
Beeswax for cosmetic industry  — Specification  
 DUS 2151 : 2019  
ii © UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its c orrect application  
© UNBS 2019   
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permission from UNBS.  
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Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
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Uganda  
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 DUS 2151 :2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Foreword  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade , Industry and 
Cooperatives established under Cap 327 , of the Laws of Uganda , as amended .  UNBS is ma ndated to co -
ordinate the elaboration of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT  Agreeme nt of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of key stakeholders 
includin g government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties.  
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments b efore recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee UNBS /TC 5, Chemicals  and 
Environment , Subcommittee SC 1, Industria l and public health chemical  DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  DUS 2151 : 2019  
 
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  1 
 Beeswax for cosmetic  industry  — Specification  
1 Scope   
This Draft Uganda Standard specifies the requirements, metho ds of test and sampling of bees wax for 
cosmetic  industry.  
2 Normative references   
The following referenced docum ents referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content 
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated 
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including a ny amendments) applies.  
US EAS 377 (all parts), Cosmetics and cosmetic products  
US EAS 846, Glossary of terms relating to the cosmetic industry  
US EAS 847 - 13, Cosmetics — Analytical methods — Part 13: Determination of rancidity  
US EAS 847 -16, Cosmetics — Analytical methods — Part 16: Determination of lead, mercury and arsenic 
content  
3 Terms and definitions   
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in US EAS 846 apply. ISO and IEC 
maintain terminological databases for use in stan dardization at the following addresses: — ISO Online 
browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp  
Beeswax  
4  Requirement s 
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1  Bees wax shall be  free from any visible foreign matter . 
4.1.2 Bees wax shall be  whitish yellow to  yellowish brown.   
4.1.3 Beeswax shall not be blended or contain any other waxes such as paraffin, microcrystalline or 
synthetic waxes  and shall not be mixed with any oil, fa or any other contaminant.  
4.2 Specific  requirements  
Bees wax shall also comply with the requirements specified in Table1  when tested in accordance with the 
methods specified therein.  DUS 2151: 2019  
2 © UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  
 Table 1 - Specific requirements for beeswax  
Characteristic  Requirement  Method of test  
Melting point , °C 58 - 66 US EAS 847 -6 
Specific gravity at 25 °C  0.945 – 0.990 Annex A  
Ester value  70- 80 Annex B  
Refractive index  1.4 -1.45 US ISO 6320  
Acid value  17-24 US ISO 660  
Saponification value  87 - 104 US EAS 847 -5 
Paraffin and other waxes  To pass test  Annex C 
4.3 Heavy metals  
Bees wax shall also comply with the requirements specified in Table 2 when tested in accordance with the 
methods specified therein.  
Table 2 - Specific requirements for bees wax 
Characteristic  Requirement  Method of test  
Lead,  ppm, max  10  
US EAS 847 -16 Mercury ,ppm, max  1 
Arsenic , ppm, max  1 
5 Hygiene  
Beeswax shall be produced, processed and handled in accordance with  ISO 22716.  
6 Packaging  
The product shall be packaged in suitable containers that shall protect the contents and shall n ot cause any 
contamination or react with the product . 
7 Labelling  
The package sh all be legibly and  indelibly  marked with the  following:  
a) product name  as “Beeswax” . 
b) intended use;  
c) net content given by weight or volume, in metric system;  
d) name and physical address of the manufacturer, importer and/or distributor ;  
e) country of origin;  
f) batch  /lot number;  
g) precautions and warnings  where applicable ; 
h) j) storage condition ; 
i) k) date of manufacture ; and DUS 2151 : 2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  3 
 j) l) expiry/ best before date . 
8 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accor dance with Annex D. DUS 2151: 2019  
4 © UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  
 Annex A  
(normative)  
 
Determination of specific gravity  
A.1 Apparatus  
A.1.1  Water bath — Maintained at 25 ºC ± 1 ºC.  
A.1.2  Specific gravity bottle — 25-ml capacity.  
A.2 Reagents  
Rectified Spirit of specific gravity, d  
A.3 Procedure  
A.3.1  Melt 2 g of beeswax in a porcelain crucible at a temperature of about 100 ºC. Allow to cool at room 
temperature.  
A.3.2  Remove the solidified beeswax from the crucible, warming slightly if necessary. Attach a tared silk 
thread that will suspend the beeswax  during weighing. Store the sample for 2 hours at a temperature of 25 ºC 
± 1 ºC.  
A.3.3 Determine the mass of the sample, first in air (M 1) and then in rectified spirit maintained at 25 ± 1 ºC 
(M2). 
A.3.4 Determine the specific gravity at 25 ºC of the recti fied spirit by means of the specific gravity bottle.  
A.4 Calculation  
Specific gravity at 25 ºC = 
  
where,  
M1 is the mass, in grams, of the sample in air;  
d is the specific gravity of rectified spirit; and  
M2 is the mass, in grams, of the sample in rectifie d spirit.  DUS 2151 : 2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  5 
 Annex B 
(normative)  
 
Determination of ester value  
PROCEDURE  
A.1 To the solution resulting from the determination of acid value add ml of 0.5 N alcoholic  potassium 
hydroxide and 50 m l of aldehyde -free alcohol.  
A.2 Reflux the mixture for 4 hours.  
A.3 Titrate the excess alkali with 0.5 N hydrochloric acid.  
A.4  Perform a blank determination.  
A.5 The difference between the volumes, in ml, of 0.5N  hydrochloric acid consumed in the actual  test and in 
the blank test, multiplied by 28.05 and divided by the weight in g of the specimen taken, is the ester value.  DUS 2151: 2019  
6 © UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  
 Annex C  
(normative )  
 
Test for paraffins and other waxes  
C.1 Reagents  
C.1.1 Alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution  approximately 0.5 N,  prepared by dissolving potassium 
hydroxide in 95 percent et hanol  
C1.2 Ethanol 95%  
C.2 Procedure  
C.2.1  Weigh 1.0 g of the sample and place it in a conical flask fitted with a water -cooled reflux condenser. 
Add 10 ml of alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Boil under reflux for one hour.  
C.2.2  Detach the flask f rom the condenser, insert suitably a thermometer into the liquid in the flask and 
allow to cool, stirring constantly. The material shall be taken to have passed the test if the following conditions 
are satisfied:  
a) The liquid does not become cloudy at a temperature higher than 61 °C but becomes cloudy at a 
temperature between 61 °C and 59 °C and  
b) Precipitation of large flocks occurs at not more than 2 °C below the temperature at which the liquid 
becomes cloudy.   DUS 2151 : 2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  7 
 Annex  D 
(normative)  
 
Sampling  
D.1 Genera l requirements  of sampling  
In drawing, preparing, storing and handling samples, the following precautions and directions shall be 
observed :  
D.1.1 Samples shall be taken in a protected place not exposed to damp air, dust or Soot.  
D.1 2 The sampling instru ment shall be clean and dry.  
D.1.3 The samples, the material being sampled, the sampling instrument and the containers for samples 
shall be protected from adventitious contamination.  
D.1.4 The samples shall be placed in clean and dry glass containers. Th e sample containers shall be of a 
size such that they are almost completely filled by the sample.  
D.1.5 Each container shall be sealed air -tight after filling and marked with full details of sampling, batch or 
code number, name of manufacturer, and other i mportant particulars of the consignment.  
D.1.6 The samples shall be stored in such a. manner that the temperature of the material does not vary 
unduly from the normal temperature and they are protected from light.  
D.1.7 Sampling shall be done by a person  agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier, and in the 
presence of the purchaser or his representative and the supplier or his representatives.  
D.2 Sampling of packages  
D.2.1 General - The sampling procedure for packages shall consist essentially i n selecting and drawing, a 
sufficient number of unit packs.  
D.2.2 Lot - In a single consignment, all the packages containing beeswax  of the same type and form, 
representing the same batch of manufacture, shall constitute a lot. If the consignment consists  of packages 
containing beeswax  of different types or forms or batches of manufacture, then the packages containing 
products of the same type, form and batch of manufacture shall be grouped together; each group shall 
constitute a separate lot.  
D.2.3  Scale of Sampling -For ascertaining the conformity of a lot to the requirements prescribed in the 
specifications for individual beeswax , tests shall be carried out on each lot separately. The number ( n ) of 
packages to be selected for drawing the samples shal l depend on the size ( N) of the lot in accordance with 
Table D.1. DUS 2151: 2019  
8 © UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  
 Table D.1 — Scale of sampling for packages  
No. of packages in the lot(N)  No. of packages to be selected,(n)  
Upto 3  Each container  
4 to 50  3 
51 to 150  4 
151 to 300  5 
301 to 500  6 
501 to 1000  7 
1001 and above  9 
 
D.2.4 The packages shall be selected at random and to ensure randomness of selection, random number 
tables shall be used. In case such tables are not available, the following procedure may be adopted: ‘Starting 
from any packag e, count all the packages in one order as 1,2,3 . . . . . . . . . up to r and so on, where r is the 
integral part of N/n.  Every rth package thus counted shall be withdrawn to give a sample for purposes of test 
‘.. DUS 2151 : 2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  9 
 Bibliography  
[1] IS 4028 (1977), Beeswax,  Bleached for Cosmetic Industry — Specification (First Revision)  
[2] IS 1504: 1996 (Reaffirmed in 2008 ), Beeswax, Crude and refined — Specification (Third Revision)  
[3] ES 1203: 2005, Beeswax — Specification (First edition)  
[4] US 1810:2019, Beeswax — Spec ification  
 DUS 2151: 2019  
© UNBS 2019  – All rights reserved  11 
 Certification marking  
Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act , and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction with the relevant Uganda Standard. The 
presence of this mark on a  product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the 
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards . UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda 
National Bureau of Standards.  
 
 WDUS 2151: 2019    
 
ICS 71.100.70  
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© UNBS 2019 – All rights r eserved