DEAS 383: 2020 
ICS 71.100. 70 
© EA C 2020                                                                                                                      Third  Edition 2020 
 
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
 Liquid detergent for household use — Specification   
 
 
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  
 DEAS 383: 2020 
ii © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
This EAC document is copyright -protected by EAC. While the reproduction of this document by 
participants in the EAC standards development process is permitted without prior permission from EAC, 
neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for 
any other purpose without prior written permission from EAC.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as 
shown below or to EAC’s member body in the country of the requester:  
© East African Community 2020 — All rights reserved  
East African Community   
P. O. Box 1096  
Arusha  
Tanzania  
Tel: 255 27 2504253/8  
Fax: 255 27 2504481/2504255  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators 
may be persecuted  DEAS 383: 2020 
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  1 
4 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  2 
4.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  2 
4.2 Specific quality requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 3 
5 Storage  ................................ ................................ .............................  Error! Bookmark not defined.  
6 Packaging and marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  3 
6.1 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 3 
6.2 Marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  3 
7  Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 3 
8 Criteria for conformity ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  3 
Annex A (normative)  Test for solubility  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 4 
A.1 Preparation of synthetic hard water  ................................ ..............  Error! Bookmark not defined.  
A.2 Procedure  ................................ ................................ .........................  Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Annex B (normative)  Test for rinsing properties  ................................ ................................ ..................  5 
Annex C (normative)  Methods of test for synthetic detergents  ................................ ..........................  6 
C.1 Quality of reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................  6 
C.2 Qualitative identification of non -soapy detergents  ................................ ................................ .. 6 
C.2.1  General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  6 
C.2.2  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 6 
C.2.3  Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 6 
C.2.4  Procedure for identification of soapy and non -soapy detergents  ................................ ..........  6 
C.2.5  Procedure for identification of the type non -soapy detergents  ................................ ..............  6 
C.3 Quantitative identification of active ingredient  ................................ ................................ .........  7 
Annex D (normative)  Determination of pH  ................................ ................................ .............................  8 
D.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  8 
D.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 8 
D.3 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 8 
D.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 8 
Annex E (normative)  Determination of non -detergent organic matter  ................................ ...............  9 
E.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  9 
E.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9 
E.3 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 9 
E.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9 
E.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 10 
Annex F (normative)  Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  12 
F.1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 12 
F.2 Preparation of test samples  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 12 
F.2.1 Composite sample  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  12 
F.2.2 Samples for testing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  12 
 DEAS 383: 2020 
iv © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Forewo rd 
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through harmonized 
standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community 
will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee (EASC) mandated to develop and issue 
East African Standards (EAS) and other deliverables. The Com mittee is composed of representatives of the 
National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations in the community.  
East African Standards are developed through Technical Committee s that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner 
States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance 
with the Principles and procedures for development of East African Standards.  
East African Standards and other deliverables are subject to review, to  keep pace with technological advances. 
Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions 
of the standards they are implementing.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committ ee EASC/TC 074, Surface active agents  
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent rights. 
EAC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.  
This third edition canc els and replaces the second edition (EAS 383:2013), which has been technically revised.  DEAS 383: 2020 
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  v 
 Introduction  
This specification refers to non -soapy organic detergents and in particular anionic detergents. These may 
contain non -ionic active ingredients. Inorganic compounds such as phosphates and silicates generally termed 
as builders may also be included in this p roduct . 
Branched alky aryl sulphonates are non-biodegradable . The use of these starting materials is strongly 
discouraged for environmental conservation. However,  when these starting materials are used,  they shall be 
declared by the manufacturer.   DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  DEAS 383:2020 
 
© EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  1 
 liquid detergent for household use — Specification  
1 Scope  
This Draft East African Standard specifies the requirements , sampling and test methods for for liquid 
detergent for household general /multi - and dishwashing purposes.   
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document 
(including any amendments) applies.  
EAS 377 -1, Cosmetics and cosmetics products — Part 1: List of substances prohibited in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -2, Cosmetics and cosmetics products — Part 2: List of substances which cosmetic products must not 
contain except subject to restrictions laid down  
EAS 377 -3, Cosmetics and cosmetics prod ucts — Part 3: List of colourants allowed in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -4, Cosmetics and cosmetics products — Part 4: List of preservatives allowed in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -5, Cosmetics and cosmetics products — Part 5: Use of UV filters in cosmetic prod ucts 
ISO 2271; Surface -active agents — Determination of anionic active matter by manual or mechanical direct two 
phase titration procedure.  
EAS 814 Determination of biodegradability of surfactants — Test method  
ISO 862, Surface active agents — Vocabulary  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard, terms and definitions given in ISO 862 and the following shall apply.  
3.1 
active matter  
in the form ulation , the whole of surface active agents responsible for an activity specified  
3.2 
anionic surface active  
surface active agents which ionizes in aqueous solution to produce negatively charged organic ions which are 
responsible for surface active   
3.3 
builder  
complementary component of a detergent usually inorganic, which with reference to the wa shing action adds 
its characteristic to those of constituents  DEAS 383: 2020  
2 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 3.4 
cationic surface active agent  
surface active agent which ionises in aqueous solution to produce positively charged organic ions which are 
responsible for surface activity  
3.5 
detergent  
produ ct specially formulated for cleaning th rough the process of detergency  
3.6 
foam 
mass of gasses cells separated by thin films of liquid and formed by ju xtaposition of bubbles, giving a dispersion 
in which a large proportion of gas by volume is dispersed in a liquid  
3.7  
lot 
all containers of the same size, shape, and design manufactured from the same raw materials under similar 
condition  of production in a consignment  
3.8 
non-ionic surface active agent  
surface active agent which does not produce ions in an aqueous solution. The solubilizing in water is due to the 
presence in molecule of functional groups which have a strong affinity for water  
3.9  
soap  
an anionic surface active agent which exhibits the phenomenon of reversible hydrolysis by action of water. Their  
reaction is alkaline  
3.10 
solubilizing power  
effectiveness of a dissolving  surface active agent to confer on certain bodies of low solubility in the pure solvent, 
an apparent solubility by micelle formation  
3.11 
Biodegradable:  
capable of being broken  down by microorganisms  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1 The detergent shall be a clear, homogeneous  liquid. It  shall remain stable after having been maintained 
at 5 °C for 24 h and shall remain clear, homogeneous fluid when maintained for a further 24 h at 30 °C.  
4.1.2  The detergent shall be free from visible impurities, and objectionable odour. It shall contain s ynthetic 
organic active matter and foam stabilizing agents. It shall be completely miscible with water, and contain no 
soap.  
4.1.3 The active ingredients used shall be biodegradable  when tested according to EAS 814   
4.1.4 The detergent shall have good cleaning and lathering properties.  
4.1.5 All the substances used in  the synthetic organic liquid detergent  shall comply with the requirements of 
all parts of EAS 377.  DEAS 383: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  3 
 4.2 Specific  requirements  
The detergent shall also comply with the speci fic quality requirements given in Table 1 when tested in 
accordance with the corresponding test method.  
Table 1  ― Specific requirements  for liquid detergent for household use  
S/N Characteristics  Requirements  Test method  
General purpose  Dishwashing   
ii Matter insoluble in water  % (m/m) , 
max,  0.5 0.5 Annex A  
iii Rinsing properties  To pass the test  To pass the test  Annex B  
iv Active ingredient content, % m/m, 
min. 5 12 ISO 2271/  
Annex  C 
v pH at 27 °C of 1 % solution, v/v  6.5 - 11.5 6 - 12 Annex D  
vi Total non -detergent organic 
matter, % m/m, max.  0.5 0.5 Annex E  
vii Inorganic salts content, % 
(m/m), max  n/a 5  Annex F  
 
5 Packaging and labelling  
5.1 Packaging  
The product shall be packed in a suitable, well -closed container to protect the integrity of the product during 
transportation and s torage . 
5.2  Labelling  
Each container  shall be legibly and indelibly labelled either in English, Kiswahili or French or combination or any 
other language as agreed between the manufacturer and supplier with the following information ;  
a) name of the product as "General  purpose /multi -purpose ” or “dishwashing  liquid detergent" ;  
b) manufacturer’s name and physical address;  
 NOTE  The name, physical address of the distributor/supplier and trade mark may be added as required.  
c) batch or code number;  
d) net content ; 
e) country of origin;  
f) instructions for use ( which shall be in either English, Kiswahili or French  or in combination as agreed 
between the manufacturer and supplier”) ; 
g) date of manufacture and  
h) best before date . 
6  Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accordance with Annex G. 
7 Criteria for conformity  
The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of this standard if, after inspection and testin g, the 
requirements of Clause 4  are satisfied.  DEAS 383: 2020  
4 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex A  
(normative)  
 
 
Determination of matter insoluble in water  
A.1 Principle  
A known mass of sample i s diluted and filtered. The residues are then dried to constant mass.  
A.2 Procedure  
A.2.1  Weigh, to the nearest (to  0.001 g)  approximately 5 g of the test sample, into a 400 ml beaker 
and add 200 ml of distilled water. Heat on a steam bath, with frequent stirring, until the sample is 
completely dispersed.  
A.2.2  Filter the solution immediately, under suction, through a previousl y dried and tared sintered 
glass crucible of porosity 2. Ensure that the insoluble matter is quantitatively transferred to the filter.  
A.2.3  Wash the beaker and the residue in the crucible five times with 40 ml of hot distilled water.  
A.2.4  Allow the wash  solution to drain completely and dry the crucible to constant mass at  
105 ± 2 °C in an air oven.  
 
A.2.5  Calculation  
The insoluble matter content S is given, as a percentage by mass, by the formula  
where,  
M1 is the mass, in grams, of the test sample;  
M2 is the mass in grams of the sintered glass crucible;  
M4 is the mass, in grams, of the sintered glass crucible and the residue after drying.  
100
12 4xMM MSDEAS 383: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  5 
 Annex B  
(normative)  
 
Test for rinsing properties   
B.1 Preparation of synthetic hard water  
Weigh to the nearest 0.001 g, about 0.264 g of CaCl 2.2H 2O and 0.295 g of MgSO 4.2H2O. Transfer quantitatively 
to a 1 -L volumetric flask; dissolve in a small portion of distilled water and make up to the mark with distilled 
water. The resulting solution will have a concentration of 8.1 millimole per litre calcium hardness.  
 
B.2 Dissolve  2.0 m L of the liquid detergent as completely as possible in 98  mL of synthetic hard water (see B.1) 
at ambient temperature, in a clean 250 -mL Erlenmeyer flask. Stopper the flask and stir vigorously for 1 min. 
Pour out the solution. Rinse the flask by the same procedure, using three 75  mL portions of synthetic hard water 
alone. Invert the flask, allow to dry and examine for any residue not rinsed from the interior. The flask shall 
contain no more residues after being dried than a similar allowed drying afte r rinsing with synthetic hard water 
alone.  
. 
 DEAS 383: 2020  
6 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex C  
(normative)  
 
Methods of test for synthetic detergents  
C.1 Quality of reagents  
Unless otherwise specified, chemicals of analytical grade and water, distilled quality, shall be employed in all 
the tests.  
C.2 Qualitative identification of non -soapy detergents  
C.2.1  General  
It is recommended that the quantities examination of a sample is preceded by a qualitative identification of the 
type of non -soapy detergent present. The procedure given in C.2.4 permits ascertaining whether the material is 
based on soap or a non -soapy detergent. The method described in C.2.5 enables the identification of the type 
of non -soapy detergent, that is, whether it is cationic, anionic or non -ionic.  
C.2.2  Apparatus  
C.2.2.1  Measuring cylinder , 100 mL capacity; glass -stoppered  
C.2.2.2  Tests tubes  
C.2.3  Reagents  
C.2.3.1  Hydrochloric acid , 5 % (m/v) solution  
C.2.3.2  Methyl orange indicator solution , 0.1% (m /v) solution  
C.2.3.3  Methylene blue reagent  — Dissolve 0.5 g of methylene blue in distilled water and make up the 
volume to 100 m L. To 6 mL of this solution, add 120 m L of one mol sulphuric acid and 50 g of anhydrous sodium 
sulphate, and make up the volume to one litre with distilled water.  
C.2.3.4  Chloroform  
C.2.3.5  Cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride solution , 0.2 %  (m/v) solution  
C.2.4  Procedure for identification of soapy and non -soapy detergents  
Take about 0.1 g of the sample in a test - tube, add about 20 m L of water and shake well until di ssolution is 
complete. Add a drop of methyl orange indicator solution, and make it just acidic by adding a few drops of 
hydrochloric acid solution. If the lather is destroyed and fatty acids separate out, then the material is based on 
a soap. If the lather  persists, then the active matter is non -soapy detergent.  
C.2.5  Procedure for identification of the type non -soapy detergents  
C.2.5.1  Dissolve about 0.1 g of the sample in about 20 m L of water, and take 10 m L of the solution in a 
measuring cylinder. Add 1 0 mL of methylene blue reagent and 15 m L of chloroform, shake well and allow to 
stand, observe  whether the colour is in the chloroform layer of the aqueous layer.  DEAS 383: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  7 
 C.2.5. 2 If the colour is initially in the chloroform layer , add 0.1 m L of cetyl  dimethyl benzyl ammonium 
chloride solution, and shake well and allow to stand. If the colour is regained in the chloroform layer, the active 
matter is anionic. If the colour is transferred to the aqueous layer, the active matter is non -ionic.  
C.2.5. 3 If the colour is  initially in the aqueous layer, add 0.1 m L of sodium lauryl sulphate solution, and 
shake well and allow to stand. If the colour is retained in the aqueous layer, the active matter is cationic. If the 
colour is transferred to the chloroform lay er, the active matter is non -ionic.  
C.3 Quantitative identification of active ingredient  
This shall be carried according to ISO 2271 . DEAS 383: 2020  
8 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex D  
(normative)  
 
Determination of pH  
D.1 General  
pH determination should be made in an acid free atmosphere .  
D.2 Apparatus  
D.2.1  Any standard pH meter , equipped with a low sodium error glass electrode. The instrument shall be 
calibrated and standardized with standard buffer solutions (see D.3.2) before use.  
D.2.2  Volumetric flask , 1000 -mL capacity  
D.2.3  Beakers , 1000 -mL 
D.3 Reagents  
D.3.1  Distilled water shall be boiled thoroughl y or purged with carbon dioxide -free air to remove carbon dioxide 
and shall be protected with soda lime or soda asbestos while cooling and in storage. The pH of this water shall 
be protected with soda lime or soda asbestos while cooling and in storage. The pH of this water shall be between 
6.2 and 7.2 at 27 °C. The residue on evaporation when heated at 105 °C for one hour shall not exceed 0.5 m L 
per litre.  
D.3.2  Standard buffer solutions with the pH range of 9 to 11 at 27 °C for calibrating the pH meter.  
D.4 Procedure  
Weigh to the nearest milligram approximately 10  g of the ma terial and transfer to a 1 -L volumetric flask. Partially 
fill the flask with distilled water and agitate until the samp le is completely dissolved. Adjust the temperature of 
the solution and the distilled water to 27 °C ± 2 °C and fill to the calibration mark with distilled water, stopper the 
flask mix thoroughly and allow the solution to stand at a temperature of 27  °C ± 2 °C for two hours prior to 
measuring the pH. Measure the pH of the solution at 27  °C ± 2 °C using a glass electrode.  DEAS 383: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  9 
 Annex E  
(normative)  
 
Determination of non -detergent organic matter  
E.1 General  
The term non -detergent organic matter includes hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols and perfumes. Using petroleum 
ether and under the conditions prescribed, non -detergent organic matter only is extracted leaving any 
alkylolamide present in the material.  
E.2 Appara tus 
E.2.1  Evaporating basin  
E.2.2  Separating funnels , 1 000 -mL capacity.  
E.2.3  Wide mouthed flat -bottomed flask , 200 -mL capacity  
E.2.4  Buchner flask , 500 -mL capacity, fitted with a sintered glass filter funnel (porosity 4)  
E.3 Reagents  
E.3.1  Ethyl alcohol,  50 %, 70 %. 90 % and 96% (by volume)  
E.3.2  Petroleum ether,  boiling range 40 °C to 60 °C non -volatile residue at 80 °C maximum 0.001%  
E.3.3  Acetone,  non-volatile residue at 80 °C maximum 0.001 %  
E.4 Procedure  
E.4.1  For the removal of inorganic salts , weigh accurately about 5 g of the material in a 150 -mL squat beaker. 
Extract with 50 mL of hot 90 % ethanol by heating on the steam bath for about 2 min stirring and breaking up 
any hard lumps with a glass rod flattened at the end.  
Allow the solid matter to s ettle and decant the hot aIcoholic solution through a sintered glass filter funnel 
(porosity 4) fitted to a 500 -mL Buchner flask to which suction is applied. Repeat the extraction in a similar 
manner with five further consecutive 30 -mL quantities of boilin g 90 % ethanol. Pass each extract in turn through 
the filter into the flask.  
E.4.2  Transfer quantitatively all the combined filtrate from the Buchner flask to a 1 -L separating funnel and 
rinse the flask four times with 40 -mL quantities of distilled water, transferring each wash in turn to the separating 
funnel. Add 100 mL of petroleum ether, swirl gently to ensure adequate mixing and allow the two phases to 
separate. Run off the aqueous alcoholic layer into a second separating funnel, and extract with 75 mL  of 
petroleum ether. Repeat the extraction of the aqueous alcoholic phase in the third separating funnel with a 
further 75 mL of petroleum ether. Combine the three ether extracts in the first separating funnel. Rinse each of 
the two empty funnels with a fe w millilitres petroleum ether and add the rinsing to the combined ether extracts.  
E.4.3  Wash the combined ether extracts and rinsing (see E.4.2) with four successive 50 -mL portions of 70 % 
ethyl alcohol, shaking and removing the alcoholic phase each time. Transfer the ether layer in stages to a tared 
flask and evaporate off the solvent. Add 10 mL of acetone and evaporate off the solvent. Rotate the flask on a 
steam bath during the operation. Cool the flask to about 60 °C to 65 °C, gently blow out the last t races of solvent 
with a current of dry air, cool in a desiccator and weigh.  DEAS 383: 2020  
10 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 E.5 Calculation  
The non - detergent organic matter shall be expressed as follows:  
Non- detergent organic matter, %, by mass = 
mm1100  
where  
m1 is the mass, in grams,  of the non -detergent organic matter in the flask; and  
m is the mass, in grams, of the material taken for the test.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annex F  
(normative)  
 
Determination of inorganic salts  
 
 
F.1 Procedure  DEAS 383: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  11 
  
Take the dish containing the material after evaporation . Heat it at 450 °C in a muffle furnace to destroy organic 
matter. Cool the dish and its contents, add a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid and heat again to dryness. 
Cool and weigh. Repeat the process of heating, cooling and weighing unti l constant mass is obtained.  
 
F.2 Calculation  
 
The inorganic salts content is given, as a percentage by mass, by the formula  
 
 
 
where  
M0  is the mass, in grams, of the dish as per D.  
 
M1  is the mass, in grams, of the dish and the sample before heating as per D.  
 
M3  is the mass, in grams, of the dish and the residue.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




100
13 1x)M M()M M(
oDEAS 383: 2020  
12 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex G 
(normative)  
 
Sampling  
G.1 Procedure  
G.1.1 In a single consignment, all packages (cartons) containing toilet soap cakes drawn from the same batch 
of production shall constitute a lot. For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of this standard, 
tests shall be carried out on each  lot separately. The number of packages to be selected for drawing the sample 
shall be in accordance with Table G.1.  
Table F.1 — Scale of sampling  
Number of packages (cartons) 
in the lot  
N Number of packages (cartons) to be 
selected  
n Number of samples  
4 to 15  3 3 
16 to 40  4 4 
41 to 65  5 2 
66 to 110  7 2 
111 and above  10 1 
 
G.1.2 The packages shall be selected at random, using tables of random numbers. If these are not available, 
the following procedure shall be applied:  
Starting from any package, count all the packages in one order as 1, 2, 3.... N, selecting every k th package, 
where k is the integral part of N  n.  
G.1.3 From each package thus selected, draw at random an equal number of cakes so as to obtain a total 
mass of at least 2 kg.  
G.2 Preparation of test samples  
G.2.1 Composite sample  
Weigh each cake separately (including any material that may have adhered to the wrapper), and calculate the 
average mass. Cut each of the remaining cakes into eight parts by means of three cuts at right angles to each 
other through the middle. Grate finely  the whole of two diagonally opposite eighths of each specimen. Mix the 
gratings and place in a clean, dry, airtight glass container.  
G.2.2 Samples for testing  
Immediately after preparation of composite sample ( G.2.1), take at one time all test samples required for the 
tests in 4.2. Weigh out the test sample required for determination of free alkali or acid content, and use it 
immediately.  EAS 383: 2013    
 
© EAC 2013  – All rights reserved