AFRICAN 
STANDARD  DARS  
1720  
First Edition 2023 
 
 Reference No. DARS 1720 :2023(E) 
ICS 83.08; 55.100  
 
 
© ARSO 202 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Plastics  infant f eeding bottles  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
ii © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved   
Table of contents  
 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  5 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  5 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  5 
4 Materials  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  6 
5 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 6 
6 Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  9 
Annex A (normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................  12 
List of material for manufacture of plastic feeding bottles  ................................ ................................ ..... 12 
Annex B  (informative)  Typical examples of different items of drinking equipment and their design 
features  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Annex D (normative)   Test for permanency of pigment  ................................ ................................ .........  2 
Annex G (normative)   Compressive Deformation Test  ................................ ................................ ..........  3 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  11 
 
  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  iii Foreword  
 
The African Organization for Standardization (ARS O) is an African intergovernmental organization 
established by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) and the Organization of 
African Unity (AU)  in 1977 . One of the fundamental mandates of ARSO is to develop and harmoniz e 
African Standards (ARS) for the purpose of enhancing Africa’s internal trading capacity, increase 
Africa’s product and service competitiveness globally and uplift the welfare of African communities.  The 
work of preparing African  Standards is normally carried out through ARSO  technical committees. Each 
Member State  interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the 
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, Regional Economi c Communities 
(RECs), governmental and non -governmental  organizations , in liaison with ARSO , also take part in the 
work.  
 
ARSO  Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.  
 
The main task of technical committ ees is to prepare ARSO  Standards. Draft ARSO  Standards adopted 
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an ARSO  
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.  
 
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the e lements of this document may be the subject of 
patent rights. ARSO  shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.  
 
This African Standard was prepared by ARSO/TC 14, Food packaging and labelling . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
© African Organisation for Standardisation  2021 — All rights reserved* 
 
ARSO Central Secretariat  
International House 3rd Floor  
P. O. Box 57363 — 00200 City Square  
NAIROBI, KENYA  
 
Tel. +254 -20-2224561, +254 -20-3311641, +254 -20-3311608  
 
E-mail: arso@arso -oran.org  
Web: www.arso -oran.org  
  
 
* © 2021 ARSO — All rights of exploitation reserved worldwide for African Member States’ NSBs.  DARS 1720 :2023 
iv © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved   
Copyright notice  
 
This ARSO document is copyright -protected by ARSO. While the reproduction of this document 
by participants in the ARSO standards development process is permitted without prior permission 
from ARSO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, sto red or 
transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ARSO.  
 
Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be 
addressed as shown below or to ARSO’s member body in the country of  the requester:  
 
 
© African Organisation for Standardisation 20 21 — All rights reserved  
 
ARSO Central Secretariat  
International House 3rd Floor  
P.O. Box 57363 — 00200 City Square  
NAIROBI, KENYA  
 
Tel: +254 -20-2224561, +254 -20-3311641, +254 -20-3311608  
 
E-mail: arso@arso -oran.org  
Web: www.arso -oran.org  
 
Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. 
Violators may be p rosecuted.  
 
 
 
  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  5  
Plastics infant f eeding  bottles  
 
 
1 Scope  
 
This stand ard prescribes the requirements and methods of sampling and test for infant plastic feeding bottles 
and receptacles . 
 
2 Normative references  
 
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
 
ISO 472 , Plastics — Vocabulary  
 
ISO 21067 -1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms  
 
ISO 16770 , Plastics — Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) of polyethylene — Full-notch 
creep test (FNCT)  
 
ASTM D6247 -18, Standard Test Method for Determination of Elemental Content of Polyolefins by Wavelength 
Dispersive X -ray Fluorescence Spectrometry  
 
ISO 13106 , Plastics — Blow -moulded polypropylene containers for packaging of liquid foodstuffs  
 
ISO 13468 -2, Plastics — Determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials — Part 2: 
Double -beam instrument  
 
 
3 Terms and definitions  
 
For the purpose of this standard the terms and definitions given in ISO 472, ISO 21067 -1 and the following 
definition s apply . 
3.1  
accessories  
supplementary items added to feeding bottle t including the hood, disc/stopper, teat and cap ring to make it 
efficient  
 
3.2  
drinking a ccessory  
device other than a feeding teat which permits a child to obtain fluid from a container, for example feeding spout 
and straw  
 
3.3  
feeding b ottle  
container which is capable of holding a fluid and incorporates a graduated scale suitable for visual measurement 
and is intended for feeding a child through a feeding teat or drinking accessory.  
 
3.4  
locking r ing  
 component used to secure a feeding teat or drinking accessory to the container.  
 
3.5  
sealing d isc 
 component used to create a seal between the container and the locking ring.  
AFRICAN STANDARD  DARS 1720 :2023 
6 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved   
3.6  
protective c over  
 component as safety shield to cover a feeding teat or drinking accessory.  
 
3.7  
matched components  
components defined above which are used together whilst feeding a child.  
 
3.8  
nominal c apacity  
volume of fluid expected to be filled in the bottles at 27 ± 2°C.  
 
3.9  
brimful c apacity  
volume of fuid  held by the container when filled to the point of overflowing while standing on a flat  
horizontal level with all closures removed , at 27 ± 2°C.  
 
3.10  
re-usable  
component intended to be used again after first use.  
 
3.11  
numbered g raduations  
numbered markings which indicate the volume of fluid within the feeding bottle.  
 
3.12  
Single -use drinking accessory or c ontainer  
 item of drinking equipment sold for single -use. 
 
3.13  
protrusions  
drinking accessory, feeding teat or spoon, excluding straws or anything extruding from physical contour of the 
feeding device.  
 
3.14  
receptacles  
container used for holding or storing drinking equipment.  
 
3.15  
fluid  
liquid that can be fed to infants with a feeding bottle, for example, water, milk or liquidised food.  
 
4 Materials  
 
4.1 The material used for plastics feeding bottles and accessories excluding teats shall be of any food -contact 
approved polymer or other raw material as given in Annex A for manufacture of plastic feeding bottle. The materials 
used should be of no health hazards to babies and shall not contain Bisphenol A (BPA) or Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 
or Polyethylene terephthalate (PET).  
 
4.2 Teats shall conform to  ARS (This standard needs to be developed. REFER ENCE: IS 3565 : 2018 Teats for 
Feeding Bottles — Specification)  
 
 
5 Requirements  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  7  
5.1 General r equirements  
 
5.1.1  Design  
 
5.1.1.1  The feeding bottle shall be of suitable design, shape and required dimensions as agreed to between 
the purchaser and the supplier.  
 
5.1.1.2  The shape shall be such that it is easily cleanable and does not permit the fluid remnants to remain 
stuck inside the feeding bottles .  
 
5.1.1. 3 Figures C1 and C2 illustrate typical examples of different items of drinking equipment and their design 
features.  
 
NOTE  Figures 1 and 2 are illustrative and for information only.  
 
5.1.2  Manufacture, Workmanship, Finish and Appearance  
 
5.1.2.1  The bottles and accessories shall be manufactured by a suitable process adhering to Good 
Manufacturing Practice (GMP).  
 
5.1.2 .2 The body of the bottle shall be smooth, both internally and externally, free from any visual defects like 
cavities, crevices, ho oks, embedded foreign matters, detrimental bubbles, streaks, flaws  and stains .  
5.1.2 .3 Neck shall be smooth from inside.  
 
5.1.2 .4 All components of plastic feeding bottle when assembled for use shall be free from sharp points and 
edges and any harmful extrusions , which are likely to cause injury.  
 
5.1.2 .5 Any parts that can be detached (e.g. cleaning) shall not be able to fit inside the bottle without 
compression . 
 
5.1.3  Dimensions  
 
Plastic infants feeding bottles shall comply with the  dimensional  requirements given in ISO 13106  when 
measured in accordance with the method s specified therein.  
 
5.1.4  Capacity  
 
5.1.4.1  The bottles shall be manufactured in nominal capacity of 125 ml, 150 ml and 250 ml or any other  
capacity as agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier.  
 
5.1.4.2  The brimful  capacity shall exceed the nominal capa city by a minimum of 15 percent when tested in 
accordance with ISO 13106, Annex B.  
 
5.1.4.3  Capacity scale  
All feeding bottles shall be marked with graduations at least in millilitres. The feeding bottles shall be provided 
with the following capacity scale:  
a) If the feeding bottle is unprinted, then capacity scale shall be engraved on the bottle and if the bottle is 
printed then the capacity  scale shall be clearly printed.  
b) The scale interval and the maximum indicating scale mark shall be as agreed to between the purchaser 
and the supplier. However, the minimum scale mark and interval marking shall be  
c) not more than 20 percent of the maximum scale indicating mark.  
d) The scale marks and the indicating numerical values shall be clear and shall not be affected by  high 
temperature sterilizing treatment  DARS 1720 :2023 
8 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved   
5.2 Chemical Requirements  
 
5.2.1  Specific  migration of Certain Elements  
When tested in accordance with the ASTM D6247 -18 or any equivalent  spectrophotometric  test method, heavy 
metals in plastic components of infant feeding bottles  shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1.    
 
Table 1 Permissible Levels of Heavy Metals in Pl astic infant feeding bottle  
 
SNo.  Heavy Metals  Maximum  
Limit mg/kg  Max  
i)  Antimony  15  
ii)  Arsenic  10  
iii)  Chromium  10  
iv)  Mercury  10  
v)  Cadmium  20  
vi)  Lead  25  
vii)  Barium  100  
viii)  Selenium  100  
 
5.2.2  Overall migration   
 
When t ested in accordance with Annex D  the maximum extraction values for the container material shall not 
exceed 10 mg/dm2 or 60 mg/l . 
 
5.2.3  Pigments and colourants  
 
Examples of permitted pigments and colourants to be used on hermetic bags are as listed in  Annex E . 
The limits and tolerances of the pigments and  colourants used in the printing shall  comply with the requirements 
given in Table  2 when tested in accordance with the test method s specified therein . 
Table 2  — Limits for heavy metals and aromatic amines  in plastic infant feeding bottles  
S/N Heavy metals and aromatic amines  Limits,  
% by mass, max.  Test method  
i.  Lead, %by mass, max.  0.01 ASTM D6247 -18 or any 
equivalent spectrophotometric  
analysis  ii.  Arsenic, %by mass, max.  0.005  
iii.  Mercury, (soluble in N/10 HCl) , %by 
mass, max.  0.005  
iv.  Cadmium, %by mass, max.  0.010 
v.  Zinc, %by mass, max.  0.05 
vi.  Selenium, %by mass, max.  0.01 
vii.  Barium, %by mass, max.  0.01 
viii.  Chromium, %by mass, max.  0.025  
ix.  Antimony,  %by mass, max.  0.025  
x.  Polychlorinated bsphenyl reported as 
decachloro biphenyl, mg/kg, max.  25 Annex I  
xi.  Total  primary  aromatic amines  
(calculated as aniline equivalent),  %by 
mass, max.  0.05 Annex J  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  9 xii.  Sulphonated aromatic amines 
(calculated as aniline sulphonic 
acid), %by mass, max.  0.05 
xiii.  Carcinogenic amines listed in Annex 
H, mg/kg, max.   Annex J  
 
 
5.3 Performance Requirements  
 
In addition to the performance requirements specified in ISO 13106, the plasti c infant feeding bottles shall 
comply with the requirements specified in 5.3.  
 
5.3.1  Environmental stress -crack r esistance  
 
The bottles shall be tested in accordance with  ISO 16770  and shall show no evidence of stress cracking or 
leakage after being kept in oven for 48 h.  
 
 5.3.2 Transparency  
 
The transparency of a plastics feeding bottle shall not be less than 70 percent in any light source transmittance 
when tested in accordance with  the method described in ISO 13468 -2. 
 
5.3.3  Ageing  resistance  
 
Immerse the bottles into the boiling water for 20 min, then immediately into water at 4°C for 20 min alternately 
and repeat it 3 times. At the end of the test, the change in the capacity of bottles shall not be more than 1 
percent and also there shall be no defective changes in the bottle. There shall be no significant changes in 
appearance wh en the accessories are tested in accordance with the method indicated above.  
 
5.3.4  Compressive deformation r esistance  
 
The bottles shall not get deformed by more than 10 percent in diameter in compressive direction at the 
compressive load of 19.6 N  when tested in accordance with  the method described in Annex G .  
 
5.3.5  Ink adhesion test for printed c ontainers  
 
The printed bottles when tested in accordance with the method descri bed in Annex F (see if Annex K in ISO 
13106 can apply ) shall not show any significant removal of the print from the bottle surface and the print shall 
be legible to the naked eye after the test.  
 
6 Sampling  
 
6.1 Sampling and criterion for conformity  
 
The samples of the bottles shall be drawn and the criteria for conformity determined as prescribed in ISO 13106.  
6.2 Sample  preparation   
 
The sample preparation applies to all tests except migration test given in  ASTM D6247 -18. 
 
6.2.1  Samples from re-usable products shall be immersed in boiling water for 10 min without touching the 
walls of the container.  
 
NOTE — This is to remove the surface coating arising from the manufacturing processes and ensure that the materials 
used are stable in boiling wa ter. 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
10 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  6.2.2  New samples, preferably from the same batch, shall be used for each test.  
 
6.2.3  Samples and test portions shall only be handled with suitable (non -rubber or plastic) gloves and shall 
only be stored in securely fastened, migration -free (glass) containers and protected from light.  
 
 
7   Packing and Marking  
 
7.1 Packing  
 
The bottles shall be packed as agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier.  
 
7.2 Marking  
 
7.2.1 Each bottle shall be permanently marked with scale mark.  
 
7.2.2 Each carton containing the bottle shall be permanently marked with the following:  
 
a) name of manufacturer and trade -mark, or the company responsible for placing the product in the 
market, if any;  
b) physical locational address of the manufacturer ; 
c) name of product;  
d) nominal capacity;  
e) batch No. and Code No.;  
f) month and year of manufacture;  
g) type of plastics used;  
h) country of origin;  
i) made from plastics materials meant for food contact applications indicating material used; and 
j) instructions for use and hygienic care  of the product shall be printed in English/National language and 
may be included in a separate leaflet placed in or/on the product as given in 8.2.3. 
 
8.2.3 Instructions for Use  
 
8.2.3.1 The following information shall be provided:  
a) Information for the safe use of the product; and  
b) Information on unsuitable common methods of heating which might damage the product.  
 
8.2.3.2 For re -usable products the following additional instructions shall be provided:  
a) At least one method of cleaning;  
b) Before first use, cle an the product; and  
c) Information on unsuitable common methods  
of cleaning, storage and use which might damage the product.  
 
8.2.3.3 For products with feeding accessories the following ‘WARNINGS’  shall be provided in the form given:  
For your child’s safety a nd health  
 
WARNING  
a) Always use this product with adult supervision.  
b) Always check food temperature before feeding.  
c) Keep all components not in use out of the reach of children.  
NOTE — It is recommended that the supplier of drinking equipment include informative literature to explain 
the reasons and background for these warnings.  
 
8.2.3.4 Heating in a microwave oven may produce localised high temperatures.  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  11  
For products where microwave heating is recommended as a suitable method of food preparation the  following 
instructions shall be provided although alternative wording is permitted:  
Take extra care when microwave heating. Always stir heated food to ensure even heat distribution and test the 
temperature before serving.  
 
 
   DARS 1720 :2023 
12 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Annex A  
(informative)  
 
List of material for manufacture of plastic feeding bottles  
 
 
(Based on Malaysian Standard, MS 735 and US FDA Regulations) (1)(i) Polypropylene consists of basic 
polymers manufactured by the catalytic polymerization of propylene.  
 
A.1 21 CFR 177.1520 (a)(3)(i)  
 
Olefin basic copolymers consist of basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of:  
(i) Two or more of the 1 -alkenes having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Such olefin basic copolymers contain not less 
than 96 weight -percent of polymer units derived from ethylene and/or propylene, except that:  
(a) (1) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene and 
hexene -1 or ethylene and octene -1 shall contain not less than 90 weight -percent of polymer units 
derived from ethylene;  
 
(2) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene and 
hexene -1 shall contain not less than 80 but not more than 90 weight percent of polymer units 
derived from ethylene.  
 
(3) Olefin basic copolymers manuf actured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene and 
pentene -1 shall contain not less than 90 weight -percent of polymer units derived from ethylene.  
 
(4) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and octene -
1 shall c ontain not less than 50 weight -percent of polymer units derived from ethylene.  
 
(b) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene and 4 -
methylpentene -1 shall contain not less than 89 weight percent of polymer units derived from 
ethylene;  
 
(c) (1) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of two or more of the 
monomers ethylene, propylene, butene -1, 2-methylpropene -1, and 2,4,4 - trimethylpentene -1 shall 
contain not less than 85 weight percent of polymer units derived from ethylene and/or propylene;  
 
(2) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of propylene and 
butene -1 shall contain greater than 15 but not greater than 35 weight percent of polymer units 
derived from buten e-1 with the remainder being propylene.  
 
(d) Olefin basic terpolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene, hexene -1, and 
either propylene or butene -1, shall contain not less than 85 weight percent polymer units derived 
from ethylene.  
 
(e) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and octene -1, or 
ethylene, octene -1, and either hexene -1, butene -1, propylene, or 4 - methylpentene -1 shall contain 
not less than 80 weight percent of polymer units derived from ethylene.  
 
A.2 21 CFR 177.1520 (b)  
 
(b) Olefin basic copolymers manufactured by the catalytic copolymerization of ethylene and 4 - 
methylpentene -1 shall contain not less than 89 weight -percent of polymer units derived from ethylene;  
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  13 A.3 CFR 177.1520 (c) Specifications  
 
Item Olefin polymers  Density  Melting 
Point 
(MP) or 
softening 
point  
(SP) in °C  Maximum 
extractable 
fraction 
(expressed as  
percent by 
weight of the  
polymer) in n - 
hexane at 
specified 
temperatures  Maximum 
soluble 
fraction 
(expressed as 
percent by 
weight of  
polymer) in 
xylene at 
specified 
temperatures  
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 
1.1a  Polypropylene described in 
paragraph  (a)(1)(i) of this section  0.880 –
0.913  MP: 160 -
180°C  6.4 percent at 
reflux 
temperature  9.8 percent at 
25°C  
3.1a Olefin copolymers described in 
paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section 
for use in articles that contact food 
except for articles used for packing 
or holding food during coo king; 
except  olefin copolymers 
described in parag raph 
(a)(3)(i)(a)(3) of this section and 
listed in item 3.1c of this table and 
olefin copolymers described  in 
paragraph (a)(3)(i)(e) of this section 
and listed in item 3.1b of this table  0.85 – 
1.00  5.5 percent at 
50°C  30 percent at 
25°C  
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
14 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Annex B  
(normative)   
 
Test for permanency of pigment  
 
 
B-1 General  
This test is meant only for those feeding bottles which have a printed scale and graduations.  
 
B-2 Reagents  
 
B-2.1 Sodium Bichromate,  
 
B-2.2 Concentrated Sulphuric Acid , relative density – 1.834 approximately . 
 
B-3 Procedure  
 
B-3.1 Weight about 20 g of sodium dichromate and dissolve in 1 500 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid and 
dilute to 2 500 ml with water. Immerse the bottles in the solution at room temp erature for 15 min. Rinse the 
samples with water and dry.  
 
B-3.1.1 The bottles shall be taken as having satisfied the requirements of the test, if the printed impressions do 
not become illegible.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  15 Annex C  
(informative)  
 
Typical examples of different items of drinking equipment and their design features.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure C1 – example of drinking accessories  
 
 
 
 
 
Figure C2 – examples of containers with feeding teats  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DARS 1720 :2023 
16 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Annex D  
(normative)  
Determination of overall migration of constituents of plastics materials and articles 
intended to come in contact with foodstuffs – Metho d of analysis  
D.1Types of simulants  
The determination of migration in simulants is to be carried out using the simulan ts laid down:  
a) Simulant ‘A’ - distilled water or water of equivalent quality.  
b) Simulant ‘B’ - 3 percent acetic acid (w/v) in aqueous solution (using the simulant ‘A’)  
D.2 Selection of standard test conditions and simulants for different foodstuffs  
D.2.1 The choice of simulating solvents and test conditions (time -temperature) depends on the type of foodtuff 
and its condition of use. Food products have been classified into seven major groups suitable simulants to be 
used for different types of foods as per Tab le D.1.  
Table  D.1 — Classification of foods and selection of simulant  
S/N Type of 
food   Description  Examples  Simulant  
i.  I Aqueous, non -acidic foods 
without fat (pH > 5)  Honey, mineral water, sugar syrups molasses, 
skimmed milk, rusgulla, infusions, murabba, yeast, 
paste etc yeast paste etc  ‘A’ 
 
ii.  II Aqueous. acidic foods without 
fat (pH ≤ 5 5) 
 Fruit juices, squashes, fruit chunks or puree or 
paste, vinegar, jams, jellies, carbonated 
beverages. lemonade, processed vegetables, 
rennet, preparations of soups, broths, sauces, 
RTS beverages etc  ‘B’ 
D.2.2 Table D.2 lists test conditions (time -temperature) for extractability studies to be carried out as above 
depending on conditions of use of the food.  
Table D.2 — Test conditions of temperature and time  
S/N Conditions of use  Water (time - temperature )  
i.  High temper ature heat sterilized (Retorting)  121 °C, 2  h 
ii.  Hot filled or pasteurized above 66  °C, 100  °C 100 °C, 2  h 
iii.  Hot filled or pasteurized below 66  °C 70 °C, 2  h 
iv.  Room temperature filled and stored (no thermal treatment in container) 
and also in refrigerated and frozen condition  40 °C, 10 days  
 
D.3  Apparatus  
D.3.1 Electric oven/water bath, equipped with thermostat to maintain the desired temperature within ± 1 
ºC accuracy  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  17 D.3.2 Electric hot plate, with temperature control regulator  
D.3.3 Analytical balance, with a sensitivity of 0.1 mg  
D.3.4 Glass beakers, Pyrex of 1 000 ml capacity or equivalent  
D.3.5 Stainless steel evaporating dish of 100 ml capacity  
D.3.6 Stainless steel tongs  
D.4 Selection of Sample  
Minimum triplicate samples representing the lot/batch have to be selected.  The films representative 
sample shall be of sufficient size to convert into two pouches of size 125 mm width and 200 mm 
length (inner dimension excluding seal area) with 1 000 cm² surface area coming in conta ct. 
D.5 Preparation of the test specimen  
The containers/pouches used shall be carefully rinsed with water (25 -30ºC) to remove extraneous 
materials prior to actual migration test.  
D.6 Simulant Quantity  
Equal to nominal f illing capacity or at least 1 ml /cm2 of contact area.  
 
NOTE  Glassware, laboratory apparatus which come into contact with simulants and/or the sample during the test shall be 
thoroughly washed and dried prior to test.  
D.7 Procedure  
Fill the container/pouch to their filled capacity with prehe ated simulant at test temperature and close 
it. In case of pouches, exclude air as much as possible before sealing and expose the filled 
container/pouch to specified temperature maintained in oven/water bath/pressure cooker/autoclave 
for the specified dura tion of time. After exposure for the specified duration, remove the 
container/pouch and transfer the contents immediately into a clean Pyrex beaker along with three 
washings of the specimen with small quantity of the fresh simulant.  
D.8 Determination of Am ount of Extractive  
D.8.1 Evaporate/distil the contents in Pyrex beaker to about 50 -60mL and transfer into a clean tared 
stainless steel dish along with 3 washings of Pyrex beaker with small quantity of fresh simulant and further 
evaporate the concentrate i n the dish to dryness in an oven at 100  °C ± 5 °C. Cool the dish with extractive in a 
desiccator for 30 minutes and weigh to nearest 0.1mg till constant weight of residue is obtained. Calculate the 
extractives in mg/dm2 and mg/kg or mg/L or ppm of the foodstuff with respect to the capacity of container/pouch 
to be used. Blank shall also be carried out without the sample.  
D.8.2 Calculate the amount of extractive in ppm for the particular size of container being tested.  
Amount of extractive (Ex) = 𝑀
𝑉x1000 mg/kg or mg/l    
                          or       Ex= 𝑀
𝐴x100 mg/dm2  
where  
M = mass of residue in mg minus blank value;  DARS 1720 :2023 
18 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  A= surface area in cm2 exposed in each replicate;  
V = volume of the container in ml in a replic ate in actual use.  
NOTE 1  For irregular shaped containers, nearest surface area is obtained by superimposing the graph sheet on the container and 
getting the surface area by increments in each segment.  
NOTE 2  In case of heptane as solvent divide EX by a f actor of five in arriving at the extractivity for a  food product.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  19 Annex E  
(informative)  
  
List of colourants and pigments for use in plastics in contact with foodstuffs and 
pharmaceuticals  
 
E.1 Principle  
E.1.1  This annex provides a list of permitted pigments and colourants for use in plastics intended to come in 
contact with foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals.  
E.1.2  Pigments and colourants used shall  not show visible bleeding or migration from the dried food products 
and shall show no signs of instability or degradation during processing.  
E.2 List of pigments and colourants for use in plastics that come into direct contact with 
foodstuffs and pharmace uticals  
E.2.1  Organic pigments  
List of  organic  pigments and colourant s are listed in Table E1.  
Table E  1 ― Organic pigments  
 
Sl CAS No.  C.I. No  C.I. Name   
No.    
1. 2512-29-0 11680  Pigment yellow 1   
2. 6486-23-3 11710  Pigment yellow 3   
3. 5979-28-2 20040  Pigment yellow 16   
4. 6370-75-8 65405  C.I. Vat yellow 12   
5. 12286 -66-7 13940  Pigment yellow 62   
6. 5580-58-5 20038  Pigment yellow 94   
7. 5280-80-8 20034  Pigment yellow 95   
8. 5590-18-1 56280  Pigment yellow 110   
9. 29920 -31-8 11738  Pigment yellow 120   
10. 79953 -85-8 20037  Pigment yellow 128   
11. 30125 -47-4 56300  Pigment yellow 138   
12. 36888 -99-0 56298  Pigment yellow 139   
13. 71832 -85-4 13960  Pigment yellow 168   
14. 96352 -23-7 56160  Pigment yellow 173   
15. 77804 -81-0 21290  Pigment yellow 180   
16. 74441 -05-7 11777  Pigment yellow 181   
17. 67906 -31-4 12830  Pigment yellow 182   
18. 65212 -77-3 18792  Pigment yellow 183   
19. 129433 -54-7 18795  Pigment yellow 191   
20. 3627-47-2 65410  Vat Yellow 26   
21. 12236 -62-3 11780  Pigment Orange 36   
22. 4424-06-0 71105  Pigment. Orange 43   
23. 40716 -47-0 11265  Pigment Orange 61   
24. 72102 -84-2 12760  Pigment Orange 64   
25. 35869 -64-8 20060  Pigment Brown 23   DARS 1720 :2023 
20 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  26. 68516 -75-6 ◻ Pigment Brown 41   
27. 6041-94-7 12310  Pigment Red 2   
28. 2425-85-6 12120  Pigment Red 3   
29. 2814-77-9 12085  Pigment Red 4   
30. 6410-41-9 12490  Pigment Red 5   
31. 6471-51-8 12420  Pigment Red 7   
32. 6410-30-6 12335  Pigment Red 8   
33. 6410-38-4 12460  Pigment Red 9   
34. 6410-35-1 12440  Pigment Red 10   
35. 6410-32-8 12385  Pigment Red 12   
36. 3564-22-5 12350  Pigment Red 18   
37. 6883-91-6 21205  Pigment Red 37   
38. 6358-87-8 21120  Pigment Red 38   
39. 7023-61-2 15865:2  Pigment Red 48:2   
40. 15782 -05-5 15865:3  Pigment Red 48:3   
41. 1103-39-5 15630:2  Pigment Red 49:2   
42. 17852 -99-2 15860:1  Pigment Red 52:1   
43. 4/9/5281  15850:1  Pigment Red 57:1   
44. 6417-83-0 15880:1  Pigment Red 63:1   
45. 5850-80-6 15525  Pigment Red 68   
46. 72-48-0 58000:1  Pigment Red 83   
47. 14295 -43-3 73312  Pigment Red 88   
48. 6409-74-1 60745  Pigment Red 89   
49. 6535-46-2 12370  Pigment Red 112   
50. 980-26-7 73915  Pigment Red 122   
51. 5280-78-4 20735  Pigment Red 144   
 52. 5280 -68-2 12485  Pigment Red 146  
53. 4948 -15-6 71137  Pigment Red 149  
54. 56396 -10-2 12290  Pigment Red 150  
55. 3905 -19-9 20730  Pigment Red 166  
56. 2786 -76-7 12475  Pigment Red 170  
57. 4051 -63-2 65300  Pigment Red 177  
58. 5521 -31-3 71130  Pigment Red 179  
59. 77804 -81-0 21290  Pigment Red 180  
60. 2379 -74-0 73360  Pigment Red 181  
61. 59847 -23-9 12486  Pigment Red 187  
62. 3089 -17-6 73907  Pigment red 202  
63. 31778 -10-6 12514  Pigment red 208  
64. 1/1/3573  73905  Pigment red 209  
65. 40618 -31-3 20066  Pigment red 214  
66. 68259 -05-2 20055  Pigment red 220  
67. 71566 -54-6 20065  Pigment red 221  
68. 52238 -92-3 20067  Pigment red 242  
69. 43035 -18-3 15915  Pigment red 247  
70. 84632 -65-5 56110  Pigment Red 254  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  21 71. 120500 -90-5 561050  Pigment red 257  
72. 70833 -37-3 56270  Pigment red 256  
73. 88949 -33-1 561300  Pigment Red 264  
74. 1047 -16-1 73900  Pigment Violet 19  
75. 6358 -30-1 51319  Pigment Violet 23  
76. 81-33-4 71129  Pigment Violet 29  
77. 5462 -29-3 73385  Pigment Violet 36  
78. 2379 -75-1 73395  Pigment Violet 38  
79. 147-14-8 74160  Pigment Blue 15:X  
80. 574-93-6 74100  Pigment Blue 16  
81. 1328 -50-3 74140  Vat Blue 29  
82. 81-77-6 69800  Pigment Blue 60  
83. 482-89-3 73000  Pigment Blue 66  
84. 1328 -53-6 74260  Pigment Green 7  
85. 1330 -37-6 74255  Pigment Green 37  
86. 31837 -42-0 13980  Pigment Yellow 151  
87. 4118 -16-5 60645  Pigment Yellow 147  
88. 52238 -92-3 20067  Pigment Red 242  
89. 250640 -08-5 ◻ Pigment Orange 79  
90. 84632 -66-6/ 61951 -98-2 ◻ Pigment Red 272  
 91. 154946−66−4  18759:1  Pigment yellow 191:1  
 
E.2. Dyestuffs  
CAS  No.           C.I. No C.I. Name  
Sl No.   
1. 6370 -85-0 66510  Vat Yellow 9  
2. 6252 -78-4 73860  Vat Red 45  
3. 6492 -68-8 73305  Vat Red 47  
4. 482-89-3 73000  Vat Blue 1  
5. 130-20-1 69825  Vat Blue 6  
6. 1330 -38-7 74180  Direct Blue 86  
7. 128-80-3 61656  Solvent Green 3  
8. 116-75-6 61568  Solvent Blue 104  
9. 12236 -03-2 61568  Disperse Orange 47  
10. 17354 -14-2 61554  Solvent Blue 35  
11. 4702 -90-3 48160  Solvent Yellow 93  
12. 4851 -50-7 625580  Solvent Green 28  
13. 61969 -44-6 615290  Solvent Blue 97  
14. 6408 -72-6 615290  Disperse Violet 26  
15. 64696 -98-6 48525  Solvent Brown 53  
16. 6829 -22-7 564150  Solvent Red 179  
17. 61969 -47-9/6925 -69-5 564100  Solvent Orange 60  
18. 75216 -45-4/7576 -65-0 
 
19. 81-39-0 47020  
 
68210  Solvent Yellow 114/ 
Disperse Yellow 54  
Solvent Red 52  DARS 1720 :2023 
22 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  20. 81-48-1 60725  Solvent Violet 13  
21. 83249 -52-9 56280  Disperse Yellow 241  
22. 80748 -21-6/54079 -53-7/17772 -51-9 ◻ Disperse Yellow 201  
23. 20749 -68-2/71902 -17-5 564120  Solvent Red 135  
24. 12226 -78-7/81457 -65-0 ◻ Solvent Blue 67  
25. 6408 -72-6 62025  Solvent Violet 59  
26. 72968 -71-9 ◻ Solvent Red 195  
27. 23552 -74-1/37229 -23-5 ◻ Solvent Blue 45  
 
 
E.3 Inorganic p igments/ alloys  
 
   
Sl No.  CAS No.  C.I. No  C.I. Name   
1. 7429-90-5 77000  Aluminium   
2. 7440-50-6 77400  Copper   
3. 7440-22-4 77820  Silver   
4. 7440-57-5 77480  Gold   
5. 7440-31-5 77860  Tin  
6. 7440-06-4 77795  Platinum and platinum group metals   
7. 7440-50-8 77400  Bronzes of copper   
8. 471-341-1 77220  Whitening (calcium carbonate)   
9. 10101 -41-4 77231  Calcium  sulphate  (Gypsum,  plaster   of  Paris)  
10. 1332-58-7 77005  Kaolin   
11. 13463 -67-7 77891  Titan White (titanium oxide)   
12. 1344-28-1 77002  Alumina   
13. 637-12-7 ◻ Aluminium stearate   
14. 14807 -96-6 and 8005 -37-6 77718  Talc 
15. 51274 -00-1 77492  Yellow iron oxide  
16. 1345 -27-3 77491  Iron oxide  
17. 57455 -37-5 77007  Ultramarine blue (complex silicate of  
aluminium and sodium sulphurated)  
18. ◻ 77437  Egyptian blue (double silicate of copper and  
calcium)  
19. 1345 -16-0 77346  Cobalt blue (cobalt aluminate)  
20. 1333 -86-4 77266  Carbon black  
21. 7727 -43-7 77120  Barytes (barium Sulphate)  
22. 64294 -91-3 77492  Sienna (natural ferric oxide)  
23. 12769 -96-9 77007  Pigment Violet 15  
24. 1308 -38-9 77288  Pigment Green 17  
25. 1309 -37-1 77491  Pigment Red 101  
26. 1314 -13-2 77975  Pigment White 4  
27. 1314 -98-3 77975  Pigment White 7  
28. 1317 -61-9 77499  Pigment Black 11  
29. 57455 -37-5/ 101357 -30-6 77007  Pigment Blue 29  
30. 68187 -51-9 77496  Pigment Yellow 119  
31. 7727 -43-7 77120  Pigment white 21  
32. 8007 -18-9 77788  Pigment Yellow 53  
33. 12001 -26-2 77019  Pigment White 20  
34. 18282 -10-5 77861  ◻ 
35. 1344 -28-1 ◻ ◻ 
36. 68186 -90-3 77310  Pigment Brown 24  
37. 1345 -05-7 77115  Pigment White 5  DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  1 IS 9833 : 2018  
 
Sl No.  CAS No.  C.I. No  C.I. Name  
14. 14807 -96-6 and 8005 -37-6 77718  Talc 
15. 51274 -00-1 77492  Yellow iron oxide  
16. 1345 -27-3 77491  Iron oxide  
17. 57455 -37-5 77007  Ultramarine blue (complex silicate of  
aluminium and sodium sulphurated)  
18. ◻ 77437  Egyptian blue (double silicate of copper and  
calcium)  
19. 1345 -16-0 77346  Cobalt blue (cobalt aluminate)  
20. 1333 -86-4 77266  Carbon black  
21. 7727 -43-7 77120  Barytes (barium Sulphate)  
22. 64294 -91-3 77492  Sienna (natural ferric oxide)  
23. 12769 -96-9 77007  Pigment Violet 15  
24. 1308 -38-9 77288  Pigment Green 17  
25. 1309 -37-1 77491  Pigment Red 101  
26. 1314 -13-2 77975  Pigment White 4  
27. 1314 -98-3 77975  Pigment White 7  
28. 1317 -61-9 77499  Pigment Black 11  
29. 57455 -37-5/ 101357 -30-6 77007  Pigment Blue 29  
30. 68187 -51-9 77496  Pigment Yellow 119  
31. 7727 -43-7 77120  Pigment white 21  
32. 8007 -18-9 77788  Pigment Yellow 53  
33. 12001 -26-2 77019  Pigment White 20  
34. 18282 -10-5 77861  ◻ 
35. 1344 -28-1 ◻ ◻ 
36. 68186 -90-3 77310  Pigment Brown 24  
37. 1345 -05-7 77115  Pigment White 5  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
2 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Annex F 
(normative)  
 
Test for permanency of pigment  
 
 
F-1 GENERAL  
This test is meant only for those feeding bottles which have a printed scale and graduations.  
 
F-2 REAGENTS  
 
F-2.1 Sodium Bichromate,  
 
F-2.2 Concentrated Sulphuric Acid , relative density – 1.834 approximately  
 
F-3 PROCEDURE  
 
F-3.1 Weight about 20 g of sodium dichromate and dissolve in 1 500 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid 
and dilute to 2 500 ml with water. Immerse the bottles in the solution at room temperature for 15 min. 
Rinse the samples with water and dry.  
 
F-3.1.1 The bottles shall be taken as having sa tisfied the requirements of the test, if the printed 
impressions do not become illegible.   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  3 Annex G 
(normative)  
 
Compressive Deformation Test  
 
 
 
E.1 PROCEDURE  
 
Apply the compressive load of 19.6 N  in the middle part  of the body or to the part having the 
maximum diameter  of a feeding bottle by the use of compression jig as  shown in Fig. 5 Measure the 
deflection of the part at  that time, and calculate percentage deflection. The  measurements shall be 
carried out at 27 ± 2 °C.  
 
E-2  CALCULATION  
 
Percentage deflection of diameter =  
 
 
outside  diameter  prior  to test −outside  diameter  at the time  of compression
outside  diameter  prior  to test𝑋100 
 
  
 
 
Figure G1 — Compression Jig  
 
 
 
   
DARS 1720 :2023 
4 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Annex H  
(normative)  
 
List of carcinogenic amine  
 
 
Sl 
No. CAS No.  Substances  
1. 92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl  
2. 92-87-5 Benzidine  
3. 95-69-2 4-Chloro -o-toluidine  
4. 91-59-8 2-Naphthylamine  
5. 97-56-3 o-Aminoazotoluene/  
  4-Amino -2,3-dimethylazobenzene/  
 
6.  
99-55-8 4-o-Tolylazo -o-toluidine  
5-Nitro-o-toluidine  
7. 106-47-8 p-Chloroaniline  
8. 615-05-4 2,4-Diamino anisole  
9. 101-77-9 4,4'-Methylenedianiline/  
4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane  
10. 91-94-1 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine/  
3,3’-Dichlorobiphenyl -4,4’-xylendiamine  
11. 119-90-4 3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine  
12. 119-93-7 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine/  
 
13.  
838-88-0 4,4’-Bi-o-toluidine  
3,3’-Dimethyl -4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane  
14. 120-71-8 6-Methoxy -m-toluidine -p-cresidine  
15. 101-14-4 4,4’-Methylene -bis-(2-chloroaniline)/  
 
16.  
101-80-4 2,2’-Dichloro -4,4’-methylenedianiline  
4,4’-Oxydianiline  
17. 139-65-1 4,4’-Thiodianiline  
18. 95-53-4 o-Toluidine/  
 
19.  
95-80-7 2-Aminotoluene  
4-Methyl -m-phenylenediamine  
20. 137-17-7 2,4,5 -Trimethylaniline  
21. 90-04-0 o-Anisidine -2-methoxyaniline  
22. 60-09-3 4-Aminoazobenzene  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  5 Annex I  
(normative)  
 
Determination of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)  
 
 
 
I.1 GENER AL 
This method covers determ ination of total polyc hlorinated biphenyls  (PCBs) content  in colourant mater ial 
by low resolut ion gas chromato graphy couple d to high resolut ion mass  spectrometer  (LRGC -HRMS) using Electron  
Impact  (EI) mode. 
Application of LRGC -HRMS  ensures  separat ion/ recognition o f most PCB con geners are separate d or 
recognizable at different  retent ion times. 
NOTE — In case  a spec ific PCB is to be reporte d which is different  from any congener directly  spec ified by internal  standard, 
suitable care s hould be taken us ing external window stan dards for identification. 
 
I.2 APPARATUS 
I-2.1  Low Resolution Gas Chromatography Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometer 
(LRGC -HRMS) Using Electron Impact (EI) Mode  
I-2.2  Rotary Evaporator  
I-2.3  Weighing Balance , nearest to 0.000 1 g.  
I-2.4  Micropipette, with disposable pipette tips.  
I-2.5 Surgical Hand Gloves C -2.6 Glass Column  
I-2.6.1   Column,  30 cm long, 18 mm diameter  with 250 ml top reser voir. 
I-2.6.2   Column,  30 cm long, 10 mm diameter  with 250 ml top reser voir. 
I2.7  Magnetic Stirrer and Magnetic Bar  
I-2.8  Ground Joint Conical Flask — 500 ml.  
I.3 REAGENTS  
I-3.1  Concentrated Sulphuric acid — Analyt ical grade. 
I-3.2  n-Hexane — Analyt ical rea gent grade. 
I-3.3  Dichloro  Methane  — Analytical reagent grade. 
I-3.4  Silica  Gel — Technical grade, pore size 60 Å, 70-230 mes h, 63-200 m 
I-3.5  PCB Standard Solution (EC 4058) or Equivalent  
I-3.6  n-Nonane  
I-3.7  Celite 545 (C AS No. 68855 -54-9) 
I-3.8  Cesium Hydro xide  
I-3.9  Silver Nitrate  
I-3.10  Alumina (ICN Alumina B - Super I (Basic) (50 -200 µm or Alternate)  
I-3.11  Sodium Sulphate , anhydrous.  DARS 1720 :2023 
6 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  I-3.12  Toluene , analyt ical reagent grade. 
I-3.13  Ethanol , analyt ical rea gent grade. 
 
I-4 WORK CONDITIONS  
Dust free environment  with positive pressure  inside the laboratory  by air handling unit and temperature  to be maintained 
at 22 ± 2 °C. 
I-5 PROCEDURE  
I-5.1 Preparation o f test s ample  
I-5.1.1  Weigh accurately  0.75-2.5 g sample  into a conical flask and add 0.5-0.9 g ethanol to wet the colourant  
surface. 
I-5.1.2   Add 100 µl PCB standard (5 times diluted with n-nonane ). Add 1-2 g of phosphoric acid and sodium sulphate 
of appro ximately  same  weight as of the sample. Add 40 g of 92 - 96 percent  sulphuric acid twice, carefully with 
repeate d shaking. Sonicate the mixture for 30-100 min until homogenous  dark reddish or olive colour solut ion is 
obtained. 
C-5.2 Liquid – Liquid  Extraction  
I-5.2.1   Extract sulphuric acid solution with 200 ml n-hexane and rapidly stir it by ultra-sonication for at 
least 30 min. In case of sample  suspecte d of unusually high impur ity content , a mixture of 50 ml n-hexane and 
200 ml dichloromet hane to be used. 
I-5.2.2  Trans fer the mixture to a separat ing funnel  and collect  the organic phase in a 500 ml round bottom 
flask. Repeat  the extraction steps  2 times (more  if necessary ) and combine all the organic phases in a round 
bottom  flask. In case, if possible, decant  organic layer directly.  In case, if oily layer found then follow the step as 
given as I-5.2.3.  Add 1-2 ml n-nonane  in organic phase an d remo ve the sol vent us ing rotary  evaporator. 
Reduce the volume  up to 1-2 ml in round bottom  flask. Follow the cleanup  proce dure using 1-2 ml rema ining 
solvent. 
I-5.2.3   Add 50 percent  aqueous  potass ium hydroxide solut ion in organic phase to make its pH 7-8, and shake 
out the aqueous  layer twice with 100 ml n-hexane, in order to control  the change of temperature  due to heat of 
neutral ization. After reaching pH 8, trans fer the solution into the separat ion funnel , rinse the flask with 10 ml 
of n-hexane. Combine all the clean  organic phases in a round bottom  flask and dry them by adding 0.5 g of 
anhydrous sodium sulphate. Add 1-2 ml n- nonane  in organic phase and remo ve the solvent using rotary  
evaporator.  Reduce the volume  up to 1-2 ml in round bottom  flask. Follow the cleanup  proce dure using 1-2 ml 
rema ining solvent. 
I-5.3 Clean -up 
I-5.3.1   Take the neat and clean  glass column  (size 30 cm  long, 18 mm diameter  with 250 ml top reser voir). 
Fill the glass column  with n-hexane up to 1/3 of top reser voir. Weigh the chemicals and trans fer to column in 
following sequence.  While addition of reagent shake the column  externally  to avoid any air bubbles left in the 
column  for better efficiency.  
 
Reagent/Chemicals  Mass  (g) 
Silica gel 5 
Celite : Sulphuric acid (1:1 mix) 30-33 
Silica gel 5-6 
Anhydrous so dium sulp hate 5-7 
 
Let n-hexane run until top layers  reached. Then pre- condition with 200 ml hexane: dichloromet hane (4 : 
1, v/v) and let run off to the top layer again. Discard the elute.  
I-5.3.2   Trans fer the analyte from roun d bottom flask to column  with help of trans fer pipette  and rinse the 
round bottom  flask for 5 times with appro ximately 5 ml hexane: dichloromet hane (4 : 1, v/v) and trans fer to multi-DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  7 layer  column.  Add appro ximately  150 ml n-hexane. Collect  the solvent in 500 ml round bottom flask. Recover the 
excess n-hexane by rotary  evaporator until 5-7 ml solution is left. 
I-5.4 Alumina c olumn  
I-5.4.1  Take the neat and clean  glass column  (size 30 cm lon g, 10 mm diameter  with 250 ml top reservoir). Fill the glass 
column  with toluene  up to 1/3rd of top reservoir. Usage of n-hexane instea d of toluene  is also perm issible. Weigh the 
chemicals and transfer to column  in following sequence.  While addition of reagent shake the column externally  to avoid 
any air bubbles left in the column.  
Reagent/Chemicals  Mass  (g) 
Silica gel 0.3-0.5 
Anhydrous alum ina 12.5-13 
Silica gel 0.3 
Anhydrous sodium sulphate 3 
 
I-5.4.2   After filling of the column , remo ve the toluene /n-hexane up the just above the top layer  of reagent. 
Load  concentration  — Eluate of previous step into the column.  Rinse the flask twice (2 times 3 ml toluene /n hexane) 
and add the solvent to the column.  
Pre-run — Elute off with 40 ml toluene  into a calibrated cylinder in case of brominated s ample matrix. Elute with 
hexane : dichloromethane (98 : 2, v/v), adding first 2 ml × 2 ml and finally 76 ml of the eluant and collect  into the 
same cylinder of the pre -run till re aching a  volume of 120 ml.   
I-5.4.3   Transfer the extract solution quantitatively to  a flask and evaporate to a volume of 500 µl, reduce to  
approximately 200 µl by nitrogen blowing and transfer  to a standard 1.2 ml septum -sealed glass vial.  The measuring 
solution is obtained by rinsing the flask  2 times with 25 µl n -nonane and adding the volume to  the GC -vial. 
 
I-5.5  Determination of a nalytes  
Refer the instrument manual for operation and analysis  of PCB by gas chromatography — Mass  
Spectrometry (GCMS) using auto-sampler , injection volume s hall be 3-10 µl. 
NOTE — Perfluorotr ibutylam ine (PFTBA) tuning is per forme d every two mont hs or accor ding to instrument per formance mon itoring 
requirement.  
I-5.6  Calculation and q uantification procedure   
I-5.6.1   In case, if peaks are not appear ing in desire windows then set t he time accor dingly. 
Integration the M peaks in GC-quadrapole  should be carried out manually  in the re-quantification mode. 
Small peaks and espec ially those looking significant, but lacking even an appro ximate  isotop ic ratio as 
predeterm ined for the Analyte , response is cons idered 100 percent.  Chemically and structurally  most congers are  
to be ratio-calculate d from the congener standard amount.  Amount  of each determ ined congener is divided by the 
sample  weight. 
C-5.6.2   Lower detection l imit 
PCB below the range of 1 ppm cannot  be measure d by this met hod, since the internal relat ive standard 
deviation (RSD)  will approac h 100 percent.  Report  the sum  of decachlorobiphenyl (DeCB) equivalent (ppm) 
from mono - to deca-chlorobiphenyl and apply correct ion factor , if any, based on the measurement  of 
uncerta inty. 
C-5.6.3 Mass Conversion Factors  
 
Degree of Chlorination  From CB to DeCB  Equivalent  From DeCB to CB Equivalent  
Mono -CB 2.649 0.377 50  
Di-CB 2.244 0.445 64  
Tri-CB 1.930 0.518 13  
Tetra -CB 1.706 0.586 17  
Penta -CB 1.528 0.654 45  DARS 1720 :2023 
8 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  Hexa -CB 1.391 0.718 91  
Hepta -CB 1.264 0.791 14  
Octa -CB   1.158  0.863 56  
Nona -CB 1.073  0.931 97  
Deca -CB(DeCB)  1.000  1.000 00  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  9 Annex J  
(normative)  
 
Determination of total primary aromatic amines  
 
J.1 GENER AL 
Analysis  of primary  aromatic  amine  (PAA)  in organic colourants  to ascertain  quality  for safe use in food contact  
application.  
J.2 A PPARATUS 
J-2.1  Weighing Balance, nearest to 0.000 1 g. 
J-2.2  Ultrasonic Bath  
 
J-2.3  Centrifuge Capable to 3 000 rpm  
J-2.4  HPLC System Equipped with Gradient Elution  — DAD  detector  and pump . UV detector  can 
be use as  optional.  
J-2.5  Column  — 250 mm × 4 mm, 5 m or equivalent HPLC column.  
J.3 RE AGENTS  
J-3.1  Hydrochloric Acid Solution — 1N. 
J-3.2  Sodium Hydro xide Solution — 5N. 
J-3.3  HPLC grade meth anol 
J-3.4  pH Strips  
J-3.5  Distilled Water  
J-3.6  Analytical  Reference  Standards  for Amines, to test appropr iate individ ual colorant . 
 For example , 2,5-Dichroaniline may be used as analyt ical reference standard for Pigment  Red 2. 
J-3.7  Phosphoric Acid —Analyt ical grade. 
J-3.8  Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate —Analyt ical grade. 
J.4 PROCEDURE  
J-4.1 Sample Preparation  
Weigh accurately  0.5 g sample  in 250 ml capac ity flask. Add 20 ml methanol and 60 ml 1N hydrochloric acid. 
Apply sonication for 5 min in ultrason ic bath at 37 ± 2 °C  and  subsequently  stir  it  for  25 min  at  200 rpm 
and  37 ± 2 °C. Trans fer the content  to centr ifuge tube and apply  centr ifuge for 5 min at 3 000 rpm and decant 
clear  layer  in 250 ml beaker through filter paper.  
 
Add 30 ml 1N hydrochloric acid in centr ifuge tube and stir for 25 min at 200 rpm and 37 ± 2°C. Centrifuge this at 3 000 
rpm and decant  clear layer in 250 ml beaker through filter paper. Wash filter paper with appro ximately  2 ml 1N 
hydrochloric acid and combine the filtrate  with the first aqueous  phase. Adjust pH to 7 using 5N sodium hydroxide solution 
and transfer to 200 ml volumetr ic flask. Make up the volume  to 200 ml with distilled water. Inject 10 µl in HPLC  
directly.  
 
J-4.2 Standard Preparation  
Weigh, to the nearest  0.1 mg, 10 ± 1 mg of each aromat ic amine into a 100 ml volumetr ic flask. Add 
methanol/water 8:2 (v/v). Place it in an ultrason ic bath for 10 min to ensure  complete  dissolut ion to make standard 
solutions for calibration curve. The stability of the mixed stock standard solution should be checked regularly.  It should DARS 1720 :2023 
10 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  be stable for up to 6 mont hs when store d in cool and dark place  (27°C). Calculate  the response  factor  (RF). Use 
minimum  three points calibration curve. 
 
J-4.3 Instrument (HPLC) Set Up  
Column  : 250 mm × 4 mm, 5 ìm or equivalent HPLC column  
Oven temperature : 40°C 
Mobile phase 
A : 5 m mol Diammon ium hydrogen phosphate buffered to pH 7 with concentrate d phosphoric acid 
B : HPLC grade methanol  
 
Gradient : 90 percent  (v/v) A: 10 percent  (v/v) B, in 30 min 5 percent  (v/v) A and 95 percent 
(v/v) B 
Flow rate : 0.9 ml/min 
Injection volume : 10 µl or higher depen ding upon  limit of detect ion. 
Injection volume : suitable to ensure t he limit of detect ion (LOD) (5 –15 l) 
Run time : 45 min 
Flow : 0.3 ml/min 
DAD  mode : 240 ± 20 nm 
DAD  range : 200 to 800 nm 
 
J-4.4 Calculation of Response Factor for Each Concentration  
 
Response  Factor  (RF) =  Area o f standard  
Concentrat ion of standard (ppm) 
 
J-4.5 Calculation of Individual Primary Aromatic Amine  
 
Individual primary aromatic amine, in ppm =   Sample are x dilution factor   
                                              RFx weight of the sample (g)  
 
Recalculate  to aniline equivalent  in case  of all amines other than those listed in Annex H. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved  11  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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12 © ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved   
. 
Bibliography  
 
 
 
 
 
[1]  IS 14625 : 2015 , Plastics Feeding Bottles  
 
 [2] IS 9845:1998,  Determination of overall migration of constituents of plastics materials 
and articles intended to come in contact with foodstuffs – method of analysis   
[3] IS 9833:2018, List of Colourants for Use in Plastics in Contact with Foodstuffs and 
Pharmaceuticals  
 DARS 1720 :2023 
© ARSO 202 3 — All rights reserved