68270 Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 218 / Monday, November 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations 
185 FR 62842. 
2Different first-aid kits are required for different 
survival craft, and this is explained in section IV 
of this rule under First-Aid Kits. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND 
SECURITY 
Coast Guard 
46 CFR Parts 121, 160, 169, 184, and 
199 
[Docket No. USCG–2020–0107] 
RIN 1625–AC51 
Survival Craft Equipment—Update to 
Type Approval Requirements 
AGENCY : Coast Guard, Department of 
Homeland Security (DHS). 
ACTION : Final rule. 
SUMMARY : The Coast Guard is updating 
the type approval requirements for certain types of equipment that survival craft are required to carry on U.S.- flagged vessels. This rule will remove Coast Guard type approval requirements for nine of these types of survival craft equipment and replace them with the requirement that the manufacturer self- certify that the equipment complies with a consensus standard. 
DATES : This final rule is effective 
December 14, 2022. 
The incorporation by reference of 
certain publications listed in the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register on December 14, 2022. The incorporation by reference of certain other publications listed in the rule were approved by the Director of the Federal Register on October 1, 1996. 
ADDRESSES : To view documents 
mentioned in this preamble as being available in the docket, go to https://www.regulations.gov, type USCG–2020– 
0107 in the search box and click ‘‘Search.’’ Next, in the Document Type column, select ‘‘Supporting & Related Material.’’ 
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT : For 
information about this document, call or email Ms. Stephanie Groleau, Lifesaving & Fire Safety Division (CG–ENG–4), Coast Guard; telephone 202–372–1381, email Stephanie.M.Groleau@uscg.mil. 
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION : 
Table of Contents for Preamble 
I. Abbreviations 
II. Basis, Purpose, and Regulatory History III. Background IV. Discussion of Comments V. Discussion of Final Rule and Changes 
From NPRM 
VI. Incorporation by Reference VII. Regulatory Analyses 
A. Regulatory Planning and Review B. Small Entities C. Assistance for Small Entities D. Collection of Information E. Federalism F. Unfunded Mandates G. Taking of Private Property 
H. Civil Justice Reform I. Protection of Children J. Indian Tribal Governments K. Energy Effects L. Technical Standards and Incorporation 
by Reference 
M. Environment 
I. Abbreviations 
ASTM ASTM, International BLS U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics CFR Code of Federal Regulations CG–ENG–4 Office of Design and 
Engineering Standards, Lifesaving & Fire Safety Division 
CGMIX U.S. Coast Guard Maritime 
Information Exchange 
COA Certificate of approval 
DHS Department of Homeland Security ECEC Employer Costs for Employee 
Compensation 
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration FR Federal Register IBA Inflatable buoyant apparatus IBC Code International Code for the 
Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk 
IGC Code Amendments to the International 
Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk 
ICR Information collection request IMO International Maritime Organization ISO International Organization for 
Standardization 
LSA Code Life-Saving Appliances Code MISLE Marine Information for Safety and 
Law Enforcement 
NAICS North American Industry 
Classification System 
NPRM Notice of proposed rulemaking OES U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 
Occupational Employment Statistics 
OMB Office of Management and Budget OPM Office of Personnel Management OTC Over-the-counter RA Regulatory analysis SOLAS International Convention for the 
Safety of Life at Sea 
§ Section U.S.C. United States Code 
II. Basis, Purpose, and Regulatory 
History 
The legal authority for this rule is 
found in Title 46 of the United States Code (U.S.C.) Sections 2103, 3103, 3306, 3703, 4102, 4302, 4502, 7101, and 8101. The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has delegated these statutory authorities to the Coast Guard pursuant to 14 U.S.C. 502 through DHS Delegation No. 00170.1, Revision No. 01.2, paragraph (II)(92)(a), (b), (e), and (f). Additionally, 14 U.S.C. 102(3) grants the Coast Guard broad authority to promulgate and enforce regulations for the promotion of safety of life and property on waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. 
The purpose of this rule is to update 
the type approval requirements for 12 types of survival craft equipment that survival craft are required to carry on certain, specified U.S.-flagged vessels— bilge pumps, compasses, fire extinguishers, first-aid kits, fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, knives, signaling mirrors, provisions (food rations), emergency drinking water, and sea anchors—as well as some of the survival craft equipment required for sailing school vessels. For nine of these types of equipment, this rule will replace the Coast Guard type approval requirement with a requirement that the manufacturer self-certify that the equipment complies with a consensus standard: bilge pumps, compasses, first- aid kits, fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, mirrors, sea anchors, and water. Type approval is the primary process for equipment and materials to receive Coast Guard approval. Updating type approval requirements for survival craft equipment will result in cost savings to equipment manufacturers, vessel owners and operators, and the Coast Guard. 
The Coast Guard issued a notice of 
proposed rulemaking (NPRM) on October 5, 2020, and solicited public comment on the proposal during a comment period of 60 days.
1The 
comment period closed on December 4, 2020. The Coast Guard received 13 comment submissions, which are discussed later in this document. 
III. Background 
Many of the current requirements for 
survival craft equipment were 
developed in the 1950s and 1960s and have not been significantly updated since they were published. After thorough review of these requirements, as well as Coast Guard enforcement procedures, current maritime industry practice, and the availability of new consensus standards, we believe that the additional scrutiny provided by Coast Guard type approval does not increase the safety of the following nine types of survival craft equipment: bilge pumps, compasses, first-aid kits,
2fishing kits, 
hatchets, knives (including jackknives), mirrors, sea anchors, and emergency drinking water. 
For these types of equipment, the 
current Coast Guard type approval requirements are outdated and overly prescriptive. This places a burden on the equipment manufacturers, which, in turn, affects the design costs of complying with the outdated standard, the administrative overhead costs, and the time-to-market costs of manufacturing and selling equipment. 
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The requirements also place a financial 
burden on the vessel owners and operators who are required to carry this specific approved equipment on board their survival craft. This equipment is frequently more costly and more difficult to obtain than similar products that are not type-approved. Finally, the requirements place a burden on the Coast Guard to review and approve this equipment without commensurate increases in safety. 
IV. Discussion of Comments 
The Coast Guard received 13 
comment submissions in response to the 
NPRM. Of those 13 comments, 1 was a duplicate and 1 was unrelated to the rulemaking. The remaining 11 comments were from maritime organizations, private companies, and individuals. Four comments we classified as general comments, two comments concerned technical standards, and five comments concerned first-aid kits. Below, we discuss each comment and our responses. 
General 
The Coast Guard received four 
comments on the NPRM that we 
categorized as general comments. One comment supported the proposed regulatory changes for approval requirements for first-aid kits. The Coast Guard acknowledges this comment. 
Two commenters expressed concerns 
that removing type approval requirements could decrease the quality of survival craft equipment. We disagree. Even without a type approval requirement, the following checks will remain in place. For emergency drinking water in survival craft and rescue boats, the water quality will be verified by the local municipality or by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard, as required by 46 CFR 199.175(b)(40). Coast Guard-approved liferaft servicing facilities inspect survival equipment packed in inflatable liferafts prior to packing. Coast Guard marine inspectors also regularly check equipment not packed in inflatable liferafts, such as that in a lifeboat or rescue boat, or the first-aid kits carried on small passenger vessels, when conducting the required inspections on board commercial vessels. 
Additionally, one commenter, a 
manufacturer of the approved Coast Guard items, expressed multiple concerns regarding this rule and the Coast Guard’s regulatory analysis on its estimate of the impacts in the NPRM. This commenter said that removing type approval requirements will cause the market to be flooded with substandard products, leading to revenue losses to the company. The commenter also said that the liferaft and lifeboat industry has consolidated and there is little competition, and, therefore, will not pass savings on to consumers. 
For the reasons explained in our 
response to the two commenters above, we do not expect reduced quality in the equipment that is no longer required to be type-approved. We therefore do not expect a flood of products of reduced quality that drive down prices. With this final rule, prescriptive requirements will be replaced by consensus standards. Conforming to these international consensus standards will maintain the same level of safety without imposing unnecessary burdens on the public and provide alternatives for compliance. These compliance alternatives should result in cost savings to the directly impacted entities, which are manufacturers and vessel owners and operators. The Coast Guard does not have adequate industry information or data to estimate secondary impacts and indicate whether these savings will be passed on to the final consumers or end users of services provided by vessel owners and operators. 
The commenter also suggested that 
some could incur additional testing costs as a result of this rule. Based on a review of the new and existing standards, the Coast Guard has not found that manufacturing firms will have new testing requirements under the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. 
The commenter suggested that, as an 
alternative to the removal of type approval requirements, the manufacturer could cover the cost of the certificate of approval (COA). Requiring manufacturers to cover the cost of the COA would result in additional costs to manufacturers without any attendant safety benefits. 
Finally, the commenter asserted that 
our per-device savings estimates are too high and not the going rates in the industry. In preparing our economic analysis, we relied primarily on websites listing the retail prices of different products that were sold under ISO standards instead of Coast Guard standards. We believe that the reason our prices appear to be high to the commenter is because our analysis was based on retail prices rather than wholesale prices, or the prices that manufacturers use to sell their products to businesses. Using retail prices is a common approach across Coast Guard rulemaking, because we do not have access to consistent wholesale price data across the industry. F1003 and F1014 Standards 
The Coast Guard received two 
comments recommending incorporation of ASTM F1003 (2019), ‘‘Standard Specification for Searchlights on Motor Lifeboats,’’ and ASTM F1014 (2020), ‘‘Standard Specification for Flashlights on Vessels.’’ These 2019 and 2020 standards are more recent editions of the ASTM standards we proposed to adopt. 
However, these standards were 
updated after the NPRM was developed, and so we were unable to include them in our proposed rule. The more recent standards contain significant differences as compared to the prior editions (the ones we incorporate in this rule), such that more evaluation is necessary. We will consider incorporating these standards in a future rulemaking. 
First-Aid Kits 
The Coast Guard received five 
comments concerning the proposed 
changes to first-aid kits. The comments discussed contents of the first-aid kits, as well as technical standards that apply to first-aid kits. 
Two commenters supported the 
proposed use of commercially available first-aid kits, to remove the burden of assembling very specific kit components. 
Three commenters called for specified 
first-aid kit components, rather than leaving the exact number and size of items up to manufacturers so long as the kit meets ISO 18813:2006. These commenters said the kit contents should be standardized, and expressed concern that manufacturers would not provide adequate kits. One commenter also said that ISO 18813:2006 is not a widely accepted standard and may soon be revised; that commenter suggested the Coast Guard should develop its own standard instead. Another commenter supported the use of the ISO standard. We believe that the contents described in ISO 18813:2006 are sufficient to meet the needs of basic first-aid kits required by mariners in a survival situation. The ISO standard specifies design, performance, and use of various items of survival equipment carried in survival craft and rescue boats complying with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974 (as amended), and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Life- Saving Appliance Code (LSA Code). The 2006 edition is the most current version of this standard that is available at this time. 
During periodic shipboard 
inspections by both Coast Guard- licensed mariners and Coast Guard 
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marine inspectors, first-aid kits not 
packed in inflatable liferafts are examined to ensure that they contain all the items listed in the provided instructions, that each unit carton is in an intact waterproof package, and that they meet the applicable regulatory requirements. First-aid kits packed in inflatable liferafts are inspected by Coast Guard-approved liferaft servicing facilities, also to ensure that they contain all the required items. 
One commenter specifically called for 
a particular Coast Guard-approved watertight soft plastic pouch to contain the first-aid kit, because rigid plastic containers can become brittle and because that pouch is proven to meet the applicable durability requirements. ISO 18813:2006 discourages the use of rigid plastic cases that can shatter. If the case shatters, an entirely new kit must be purchased because it is in a not-as- approved condition, and Coast Guard inspectors would give the vessel a deficiency for not having an approved and in-working-condition piece of equipment. This would increase costs to the vessel. 
One commenter noted that the U.S. 
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not routinely approve over-the- counter (OTC) products; it only reviews active ingredients. Another comment inquired about the FDA regulatory status, product form, or type of delivery for two topical preparations in the ISO 18813 requirements. 
It is up to the first-aid kit 
manufacturer to determine in what form the medicinal products are to be provided to meet the intended needs of the first-aid kit. However, medicinal products must meet the applicable OTC drug requirements outlined in title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 330, which contains FDA’s applicable OTC requirements. In response to these comments, in this rule we revised the regulatory text of § 199.175(b)(10)(ii) to reference 21 CFR part 330. 
One commenter asked that the Coast 
Guard remove the requirement for 
specific items with an expiration date (such as aspirin) and allow for equivalent alternatives. The commenter said that getting supplies delivered to remote locations can be challenging. The expiration date of OTC medications is typically between one and five years after manufacture. The commenter did not specify an alternative item without an expiration date, but the Coast Guard believes that a year or more is a reasonable period to plan for replacing first-aid supplies. In general, the Coast Guard believes that expiration dates are acceptable and can help ensure that the first-aid kit is reviewed and refreshed at 
intervals. The Food and Drug Administration requires OTC medications have expiration dates (see 21 CFR 211.137 and 211.166). 
The same commenter recommended 
that vessel operators be allowed to exclude analgesics (pain relief medication) from first-aid kits. This commenter said that companies often prohibit their vessel crew members from giving out analgesic medication because of possible adverse side effects or interactions with other medication. In support of this recommendation, the commenter said that most passenger vessels operate near shore with easy access to shoreside medical services. 
While access to shoreside medical 
resources may be available in certain areas of operation, these should not be relied on to provide the required first- aid supplies. Shoreside medical resources will not be readily available to someone with an injury or emergency on the vessel. The first-aid kit for survival craft is intended to be used in an emergency away from shore. 
Licensed mariners operating vessels 
in commercial service are required to have basic first-aid training. Any application of first aid should be given at the discretion of the licensed mariner and not at a level beyond the training or capability of the mariner administering the first aid. Analgesics are common OTC medications that do not require medical supervision, and the decision to take them is up to the person who requests them. Accordingly, the Coast 
Guard has decided to retain the requirement for analgesics in first-aid kits. 
V. Discussion of Final Rule and 
Changes From NPRM 
This final rule amends several 
approval and carriage requirements in title 46 CFR. Specifically, this final rule updates the requirements in part 199, subchapter W, related to the equipment on survival craft and rescue boats on inspected vessels by replacing the requirement to carry Coast Guard- approved equipment with self- certification to voluntary consensus standards for certain equipment. This rule also makes conforming changes to part 169, subchapter R, for sailing school vessels that are not covered by subchapter W. In addition, this final rule revises part 160, subchapter Q, to remove approval standards for the survival craft equipment that is no longer required to be approved by the Coast Guard, and it updates the requirements for approval of emergency provisions to replace prescriptive Coast Guard requirements with consensus standards. A new subpart 160.046, 
Emergency Provisions, is added, to consolidate the applicable standards. Finally, this rule removes the requirement in part 121, subchapter K, and part 184, subchapter T, that first-aid kits carried on small passenger vessels must be approved by the Coast Guard, and updates those requirements to consensus standards to align with the revised approval requirements. 
This final rule includes incorporation 
by reference of several voluntary consensus standards consistent with the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, Public Law 104–113 (codified as a note to 15 U.S.C. 272). Three of the consensus standards this rule incorporates are international standards: ISO 18813:2006, ‘‘Ships and marine technology—Survival equipment for survival craft and rescue boats’’ (referred to as ISO 18813); ISO 17339:2018, ‘‘Ships and marine technology—Sea anchors for survival craft and rescue boats’’ (referred to as ISO 17339); and ISO 25862:2009, ‘‘Ships and marine technology—Marine magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices’’ (referred to as 
ISO 25862). 
While the IMO does specify some 
standards for survival craft equipment affected by this rule, it does not stipulate that the affected survival craft equipment be approved by the Administration. In some cases (such as first-aid kits and drinking water), the LSA Code references ISO 18813 as an acceptable standard for the equipment to meet, whereas in others (such as fishing tackle), the LSA Code merely requires that the equipment be carried aboard the specified survival craft. 
A more detailed explanation of the 
amendments to the aforementioned sections can be found in the NPRM. A number of non-substantive changes from the NPRM are made with this final rule to correct typographical, grammar, and format errors or issues, as well as for clarification purposes. 
Lastly, as a result of public comment, 
this final rule requires that medicinal products meet the applicable OTC drug requirements as outlined in 21 CFR part 330. This administrative change is simply updating an improper reference. 
VI. Incorporation by Reference 
Material incorporated by reference is 
currently listed in 46 CFR 199.05 and is 
added to the new § 160.046–3. Under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51, a publication is eligible for incorporation by reference if it meets Office of the Federal Register policies and is reasonably available to and usable by the class of persons affected. 
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3Knives are not required to be Coast Guard- 
approved; however, they must meet the 
requirements in Section 4.1.5.1.2 of the LSA Code. This is an administrative change that will lead to 
no cost or cost savings. 4This analysis assumes the implementation year 
for this rule will be 2021. Regulations in part 51 require that 
agencies discuss, in the final rule, ways that the materials the agency incorporates by reference are reasonably available, to interested parties and how interested parties can obtain the materials. In addition, the preamble to the final rule must summarize the material. 
In accordance with the OFR’s 
requirements, section VII.L. of this final 
rule summarizes the standards that the Coast Guard incorporates by reference in §§ 160.046–3 and 199.05. Interested persons have access to this material through their normal course of business, may purchase it from the organization, or may view a copy at Coast Guard Headquarters. 
VII. Regulatory Analyses 
We developed this rule after 
considering numerous statutes and 
Executive orders related to rulemaking. Below, we summarize our analyses 
based on these statutes or Executive orders. 
A. Regulatory Planning and Review 
Executive Orders 12866 (Regulatory 
Planning and Review) and 13563 
(Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review) direct agencies to assess the costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits 
(including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety effects, distributive impacts, and equity). Executive Order 13563 emphasizes the importance of quantifying both costs and benefits, of reducing costs, of harmonizing rules, and of promoting flexibility. 
The Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) has not designated this rule a significant regulatory action under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866. Accordingly, OMB has not reviewed it. A regulatory analysis (RA) follows. 
The Coast Guard received several 
public comments on the NPRM, as discussed in section IV. of the preamble to this final rule. In response to a comment, in this final rule we are making an editorial change to 46 CFR 199.175(b)(10) that has no cost impact. See table 1. 
Additionally, we are replacing 
prescriptive requirements with international standards that provide alternatives for compliance, which should result in cost savings to impacted entities. We also made some changes to the regulatory analysis, including updating the population of affected entities, and the wage rate using 2020 estimates, and removing the renewal instruction, because it is not applicable to this rule. 
TABLE 1—C HANGES FROM NPRM TOFINAL RULE 
Section Description of change Explanation Cost impact of change 
§ 199.175(b)(10) ....................... Editorial change that corrects 
a reference.Update the language to correctly discuss the 
FDA’s drug approval process.No impact because it is up-
dating an improper ref-
erence. 
With this final rule, the Coast Guard 
removes the requirement for nine types 
of survival craft equipment to be approved by the Coast Guard from 46 CFR part 160 in subchapter Q (Equipment, Construction, and Materials: Specifications and Approval) and from § 199.175 (Survival Craft and Rescue Boat Equipment). The requirement for approvals on these nine types of equipment (bilge pumps, compasses, first-aid kits, fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, mirrors, sea anchors, and water) will be replaced by a self-certification requirement, in order 
to comply with the LSA Code. For those types of equipment that still require a 
COA, we do not estimate any changes in costs or cost savings.
3Finally, this rule 
updates the survival craft requirements for sailing school vessels found in §§ 169.525 through 169.529, eliminating the unique requirements for survival 
craft equipment on these vessels. 
Table 2 provides a summary of the 
affected population, costs, cost savings, and benefits of this rule. The affected population includes the manufacturers of survival craft equipment and the vessels equipped with survival craft. We estimate the cost savings to manufacturers by reducing reporting, recordkeeping, and production 
requirements of this survival craft equipment. We estimate the cost savings to vessel owners and operators by the price reductions in survival craft equipment, and we estimate the cost savings for the Government for reducing the review necessary for certain equipment. We estimate an annualized cost savings to industry of $303,805 (with a 7-percent discount rate) and an annualized cost savings to the Government of $10,087, for a total annualized cost savings of $313,892.
4 
TABLE 2—S UMMARY OF THE AFFECTED POPULATION , COSTS , COSTSAVINGS , ANDBENEFITS  
Category Summary 
Applicability .......................... Revises the approval requirements specific to nine types of survival craft equipment by removing the Coast 
Guard type approval requirements and, instead, adopting a voluntary consensus standard, ISO 18813, ‘‘Ships 
and marine technology—Survival equipment for survival craft and rescue boats.’’ Also retains requirements for Coast Guard approval of emergency provisions, but revises the requirements to refer to ISO 18813 instead of prescriptive Coast Guard regulations. 
Affected Population .............. Includes 16 manufacturers of 28 unique Coast Guard-approved products for 9 types of equipment; 14,747 exist-
ing U.S.-flagged vessels with 31,729 survival craft; and 113 new U.S.-flagged vessels annually with 449 sur-vival craft. 
Costs .................................... There will be no costs to industry or the Federal Government as this rule will reduce the burden(s). 
Benefits ................................ There are non-monetary benefits to owners and operators of vessels with survival craft in having a larger selec-
tion of equipment to choose from, allowing for potential operational flexibility. 
Industry Cost Savings * ........ Annualized: ¥$303,805, 10-Year: ¥$2.13 million. 
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5https://cgmix.uscg.mil/. 6Type Approval is the primary process for 
equipment and materials to receive Coast Guard approval. The certificate is valid for 5 years, and the 
approval is listed on the CGMIX. TABLE 2—S UMMARY OF THE AFFECTED POPULATION , COSTS , COSTSAVINGS , ANDBENEFITS —Continued 
Category Summary 
Government Cost Savings ... Annualized: ¥$10,087, 10-Year: ¥$70,847. 
Total Cost Savings ............... Annualized: ¥$313,892, 10-Year: ¥$2.20 million. 
* The Industry Cost Savings, Government Cost Savings, and Total Cost Savings are all discounted at 7 percent. 
Affected Population 
This rule impacts three separate 
affected populations. First, this rule 
impacts manufacturers of Coast Guard- approved equipment because it changes the standards and approval process for nine types of survival craft equipment. Second, this rule impacts any new and existing U.S.-flagged vessels that carry survival craft because it will reduce the cost of buying and replacing survival craft equipment. Third, this rule impacts small passenger vessels inspected under subchapter K or T. They are required to maintain a separate first-aid kit stowed on board, and this rule reduces the cost of replacing first- aid kits. This rule also removes Table 169.527 from part 169 and removes the requirements for equipment outlined in 
§ 169.529(a) through (mm) to conform to the changes made in 46 CFR part 199. 
Data on manufacturers comes from 
the U.S. Coast Guard Maritime Information Exchange (CGMIX),
5which 
is a public-facing version of the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) database, unless otherwise specified. For each subchapter of inspected vessels that are required to carry survival craft, we used the MISLE database to estimate the number of vessels that will be affected by this rule. 
Manufacturers of Coast Guard Approved 
Equipment 
The Coast Guard is eliminating 
approval requirements for nine types of survival craft equipment, discussed in detail in section V of this rule. These nine types of equipment include: (1) bilge pumps, (2) compasses, (3) first-aid kits for lifeboats and for liferafts, (4) fishing kits, (5) hatchets, (6) jackknives, (7) signaling mirrors, (8) sea anchors, and (9) emergency drinking water. For these 9 types of survival equipment, there are 28 unique Coast Guard type- approved products.
6This rule impacts 
manufacturers of products currently on the market as well as newly approved products. Currently approved products in use on survival craft will remain acceptable for the purpose of carriage after this rule’s implementation. 
The 2019 information collection 
request (ICR) ‘‘Supporting Statement for Title 46 CFR Subchapter Q: Lifesaving, 
Electrical, Engineering and Navigation Equipment, Construction and Materials & Marine Sanitation Devices (33 CFR part 159)’’ (OMB Control Number: 1625–0035) estimates that companies will seek Coast Guard approval for 3 percent of the number of survival craft equipment product types on the market each year. The Coast Guard estimates that each new product approval replaces a preexisting product approval, such that the total number of approved products will not change each year, as the number of newly approved products has historically been small. 
Table 3 presents the annual average of 
new products each year for the nine types of survival craft equipment. To calculate the annual average of new products, we multiplied the values in the ‘‘Number of Approved Products’’ column (a), which contains the number of existing approved products for each type of survival craft equipment, by 3 percent, from the ‘‘Percentage of New Approvals Each Year’’ column, (b). 
TABLE 3—N UMBER OF PRODUCTS CURRENTLY APPROVED BY THE COAST GUARD  
Equipment Approval 
series Number of 
approved 
products * Percentage 
of new 
approvals 
each year ** Annual 
average 
number of new 
products each 
year 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) × (b) 
Bilge pump ....................................................................................................... 160.044 3 3 0.09 
Compass .......................................................................................................... 160.014 3 3 0. 09 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats .................................................................................. 160.041 5 3 0.15 
First-aid kit for Liferafts .................................................................................... 160.054 5 3 0.15 
Fishing kit ......................................................................................................... 160.061 1 3 0.03 
Hatchet ............................................................................................................. 160.013 1 3 0.03 
Jackknife .......................................................................................................... 160.043 1 3 0.03 
Mirror, Signalling .............................................................................................. 160.020 2 3 0.06 
Sea anchor ...................................................................................................... 160.019 1 3 0.03 
Water ............................................................................................................... 160.026 6 3  0.18 
Total .......................................................................................................... ........................ 28 ........................ 1 
Sources: 
* CGMIX data pull, March 2021. ** ‘‘Supporting Statement for Title 46 CFR Subchapter Q: Lifesaving, Electrical, Engineering and Navigation Equipment, Construction and Mate-
rials & Marine Sanitation Devices (33 CFR 159)’’ (OMB Control Number: 1625–0035). 
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 
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7We calculate the ‘‘Number of New Vessels per 
Year’’ column by taking the total number of new vessels by subchapter by year from the MISLE database, and the ‘‘Average per Vessel’’ column by 
dividing column (b) by column (a) in table 4. U.S.-Flagged Vessels That Carry Coast 
Guard-Approved Equipment 
This rule impacts a total of 14,747 
existing vessels. These vessels, which are categorized by subchapter, are required to carry survival craft in 
accordance with the applicable regulations. Of these vessels, we estimate the total amount of survival craft maintained by the affected population to be 31,729. Table 4 shows the breakdown of the survival craft 
across the existing vessel population as follows: 2,612 inflatable buoyant apparatuses (IBAs), 23,748 liferafts, 2,835 lifeboats, and 2,534 rescue boats. 
TABLE 4—V ESSEL AND SURVIVAL CRAFT POPULATION  
Subchapter Type of vessel Total number 
of vessels (a) IBAs Inflatable 
liferafts Lifeboats Rescue boats All survival 
craft 
Total (b) Total (c) Total (d) Total (e) Total (f) 
C ................. Commercial Fishing Ves-
sels.6,022 248 6,267 141 52 6,708 
C ................. Uninspected Passenger 
Vessels.173 10 258 2 7 277 
D ................. Tank ................................ 323 3 706 543 49 1,301 
H ................. Passenger ....................... 191 640 444 91 286 1,461 
I ................... Cargo .............................. 1,037 3 3,247 1,200 618 5,068 
I–A .............. Mobile Offshore Drilling 
Units.57 0 263 623 37 923 
K ................. Small Passenger ............ 311 512 950 2 164 1,628 
L .................. Offshore Supply Vessels 338 0 1,393 55 322 1,770 
M ................. Towing Vessels .............. 1,434 91 1,485 2 51 1,629 
R ................. Nautical Schools ............. 29 2 140 79 22 243 
R ................. Sailing Schools ............... 10 0 24 1 7 32 
T .................. Small Passenger ............ 4,231 1,025 7,506 5 830 9,366 
U ................. Oceanographic Research 74 3 260 53 36 352 
Other Ves-
sels.......................................... 517 75 805 38 53 971 
Total ..... 14,747 ............................. 2,612 23,748 2,835 2,534 31,729 
Table 5 presents vessels by the 
subchapter to which they are inspected 
in 46 CFR. ‘‘Other vessels’’ includes public and recreational vessels not subject to inspection. The owners and operators of the 14,747 identified vessels will experience cost savings from the lower estimated cost of replacing equipment. We used this existing vessel population data from MISLE and multiplied it by the average 
number of IBAs, liferafts, lifeboats, and rescue boats per vessel, which we also retrieved from MISLE, to obtain our estimated survival craft population. The estimated survival craft population is the number of survival craft that will need to replace non-durable Coast Guard-approved equipment over the next 10 years. The replacement equipment will be less expensive, 
because the replacement equipment will not need Coast Guard approval. Those 
vessels with previously approved survival craft equipment will not be required to replace their survival craft equipment until the equipment expires or becomes unserviceable. 
After establishing the existing number 
of current survival craft, we then estimated the growth in the number of survival craft each year in order to project our affected population for the next 10 years. To calculate the number of new survival craft each year, we multiplied the ‘‘Number of New Vessels per Year’’ by each ‘‘Average per Vessel’’ column to obtain our annual totals for each new survival craft type.
7We 
estimate that 25 new IBAs, 222 new liferafts, 33 new lifeboats, and 31 new 
rescue boats will be outfitted with equipment subject to this rule each year. 
We then sum the totals for each 
survival craft type across each affected subchapter to obtain our estimated population of new survival craft each year for this final rule. This annual growth in the survival craft population 
provides an estimate of the number of new survival craft that will enter the market each year. The vessel owners and operators of these craft will experience cost savings from buying some equipment, as discussed in this final rule, which will no longer need Coast Guard approval. Table 5 presents the estimated total number of new survival craft each year. 
TABLE 5—A VERAGE SURVIVAL CRAFT PER VESSEL  
Subchapter Type of vessel New 
vessels 
per year IBAs Inflatable liferafts Lifeboats Rescue boats 
Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total 
C .................... Commercial 
Fishing Ves-
sels.19 0.04 1 1.04 20 0.02 0 0.01 0 
C .................... Uninspected 
Passenger Vessels.1 0.06 0 1.49 1 0.01 0 0.04 0 
D .................... Tank .............. 5 0.01 0 2.19 11 1.68 8 0.15 1 
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8With the exception of lifeboats on sailing school 
vessels, which must carry the equipment required 
in §§ 169.527 and 169.529. TABLE 5—A VERAGE SURVIVAL CRAFT PER VESSEL —Continued 
Subchapter Type of vessel New 
vessels 
per year IBAs Inflatable liferafts Lifeboats Rescue boats 
Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total Average per 
vessel Total 
H .................... Passenger ..... 2 3.35 7 2.32 5 0.48 1 1.50 3 
I ...................... Cargo ............ 9 0 0 3.13 28 1.16 10 0.60 5 
I–A ................. Mobile Off-
shore Drill-
ing Units.1 0 0 4.61 5 10.93 11 0.65 1 
K .................... Small Pas-
senger.5 1.65 8 3.05 15 0.01 0 0.53 3 
L ..................... Offshore Sup-
ply Vessels.11 0 0 4.12 45 0.16 2 0.95 10 
M .................... Towing Ves-
sels.22 0.06 1 1.04 23 0 0 0.04 1 
R .................... Nautical 
Schools.0 0.07 0 4.83 0 2.72 0 0.76 0 
R .................... Sailing 
Schools.0 0 0 2.40 0 0.10 0 0.70 0 
T .................... Small Pas-
senger.35 0.24 8 1.77 62 0 0 0.20 7 
U .................... Oceano-
graphic Re-search.1 0.04 0 3.51 4 0.72 1 0.49 0 
Other Vessels Other Vessels 2 0.15 0 1.56 3 0.07 0 0.10 0 
Total ....... ....................... 113 6 25 37 222 18 33 7 31 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Subchapters K and T Vessels 
This rule also affects all U.S.-flagged 
vessel operators regulated under 
subchapters K and T, as these vessel operators are required to maintain a Coast Guard-approved first-aid kit onboard their vessels, in addition to any first-aid kits carried in the survival craft. The owners and operators of these small passenger vessels will no longer be required to maintain Coast Guard- approved first-aid kits aboard the vessels themselves. Using MISLE data, we estimate there to be 5,982 existing 
small passenger vessels, with 40 new vessels being built on an annual basis. This number includes all small passenger vessels defined in subchapters K and T, found in §§ 121.710 and 184.710, respectively, 
regardless of what type of survival craft they have on board. 
Equipment Type for Each Survival Craft 
The type of equipment each survival 
craft is required to carry varies depending on the intended use of the 
survival craft. Generally, survival craft intended for longer (international) voyages require more equipment than those intended to be used closer to shore. Lifeboats on inspected vessels generally must carry an equipment pack for an international voyage.
8Table 6 
contains the equipment required by pack and type of survival craft. 
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Table 6: Required Survival Craft Equipment Subject to the Final Rule for Lifeboats, Liferafts, Rescue Boats, and IBAs 
Tvoes of Eauioment Reauired 
Lifeboats Liferafts Rescue Boats 
Equipment Short International Short Coastal Short International International Voyage International Service International International IBAs 
Voyage Voyage ... (SOLAS A Voyage pack Voyage Voyage*** oack) (SOLAS B oack) 
Bilge pump 1 1 
Can Opener* 3 3 3 
Compass 1 1 1 1 
Fire extimmisher 1 1 1 1 
First-aid kit 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
Fishing kit 1 
Hatchet 2 2 
Jackknife** 1 1 
Knife** 1 1 1 1 1 2 
Mirror, Si1maling 1 1 1 1 1 1 
Sea anchor 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 
Water 3 1.5 3 (liters per person) 
Sources: 
International Voyage: 46 CFR 199.175 
IBAs: 46 CFR 160.010-3 
Coastal Service pack: 46 CFR 160.051-9 
Notes: 
* § 199.175(b)(5) allows jackknives to take the place of a can opener. 
** This rule removes the separate requirements for knives and jackknives and, instead, requires that all survival craft be equipped with either knives or jackknives. 
*** According to § 70.10-1, a short international voyage is an international voyage in the course of which a vessel is not more than 200 miles from a port or place in 
which the passengers and crew could be placed in safety. Neither the distance between the last port of call in the country in which the voyage begins and the fmal port 
of destination nor the return voyage may exceed 600 miles. The fmal port of destination is the last port of call in the scheduled voyage at which the vessel commences 
its return vovage to the countrv in which the vovage began. 68278 Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 218 / Monday, November 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations 
9Readers can find more information on inflatable 
liferafts for domestic service at https://ecfr.io/Title- 
46/sp46.6.160.160_ 1051. 
10The ‘‘Ocean’’ designation in MISLE specifically 
refers to vessels with SOLAS certificates that designate them as SOLAS A vessels. The MISLE 
data being pulled is from 2008–2020. 
11We broke out the Coastal routes and short 
international routes by vessel, because Commercial Fishing Vessels are the only type of vessels in our affected population that will carry Coastal Service 
packs instead of only having SOLAS B packs for short international shipping routes. Equipment Pack Types for Commercial 
Fishing Vessels 
Commercial fishing vessels must be 
equipped with either a Coastal Service pack, a SOLAS A pack, or a SOLAS B 
pack, depending on vessel size, distance traveled, whether the ocean route is designated as a cold-water route or warm-water route, and the number of persons on board. Table 7 provides a brief description of the packs that can be carried by lifeboats and liferafts.
9 
TABLE 7—D ESCRIPTION OF PACKS CARRIED BY LIFEBOATS AND LIFERAFTS  
Type of pack Contents 
Coastal Service pack ........... A Coastal pack will contain a Sea Anchor (Automatically Deployed), Floating/Heavy Line (Length 100 feet), Rain 
Water Collector, Floatable Knife, Waterproof Equipment Bag, Raft Use Instructions, Individual Thermal Protec-
tive Aids (2 nos.), Floatable Paddles (1 pair), Manual Inflation/Bilge Pump, Repair Clamps (6 nos.), Adhesive and Patch Repair Kit. 
SOLAS B pack ..................... In addition to the items listed in the Coastal pack, a SOLAS B pack will contain: Waterproof Flashlight, a Spare 
Flashlight Bulb, Spare Flashlight ‘‘D’’ Cell Batteries (3 nos.), Sponges (2 nos.), Bailer, SOLAS Handheld Flares (3 nos.), SOLAS Rocket Parachute Flares (2 nos.) Buoyant Smoke Signal (1 no.), Seasick Bags (1 per per-son), Water Storage Bag, Thermal Protective Aid, Heliograph Mirror (for signaling), First-Aid Kit, Signaling Whistle, Anti-Seasickness Pills (6 Per Person), Spare Sea Anchor. 
SOLAS A pack ..................... In addition to the items listed in the Coastal pack and the items listed in SOLAS B, a SOLAS A pack will include: 
a Graduated Drinking Cup, Drinking Water (6 to 20 Person Capacity), Food Ration (10kj per Person), Can Opener, Fishing Kit, SOLAS Handheld Flares (Total 6 nos.) and a SOLAS Rocket Parachute Flare (Total 4 nos.). 
Equipment Pack Types for Survival 
Craft 
We used vessel route types from 
MISLE to estimate the percentage of vessels with a SOLAS A pack compared to a SOLAS B pack. We presume that all vessels with ‘‘Ocean’’ listed as a route type carry survival craft with SOLAS A packs. We estimate the remaining route types, not listed as ‘‘Ocean,’’ will have SOLAS B packs. Using commercial fishing vessel data from MISLE and knowledge from subject matter experts from the Coast Guard’s Lifesaving & Fire Safety Division (CG–ENG–4), who specialize in survival craft data, we estimate that 50 percent of non- 
oceangoing fishing vessels will have Coastal Service packs and 50 percent of non-oceangoing fishing vessels will have SOLAS B packs. 
We created a distribution of SOLAS 
A, SOLAS B, and Coastal Service packs by pulling all U.S.-flagged vessels by the inspection subchapter and then pulling these vessels by route type from the MISLE database. We excluded any vessels that did not have survival craft or had an unknown field for survival craft in the MISLE database. The route- type designation included ‘‘Ocean’’ for oceangoing vessels in MISLE, which we designated as SOLAS A vessels.
10We designated the remainder as SOLAS B vessels, except for commercial fishing vessels.
11We then calculated the 
number of SOLAS A packs by dividing the population of our vessels (by subchapter) by the sum of vessels that had ‘‘Ocean’’ routes and dividing that sum by the sum of vessels in that given subchapter. To calculate the percentage of SOLAS B packs, we simply subtracted the number of SOLAS A packs from 100 percent. This data pull provided the total number of inflatable liferafts and lifeboats, respectively, and the percentage of each survival craft pack type by subchapter, which is presented in table 8. 
TABLE 8—P ERCENTAGE OF EQUIPMENT PACKTYPES FOR LIFEBOATS AND LIFERAFTS BY SUBCHAPTER  
Type of vessel Total number 
of vessels (a) Number of 
oceangoing 
vessels (b) Coastal 
service pack 
(c) (percent) Short 
international/ 
SOLAS B (d) 
(percent) International/ 
SOLAS A (e) 
(percent) 
Commercial Fishing (Subchapter C) ................................... 6,022 3387 22 22 56 
Uninspected Passenger (Subchapter C) ............................. 173 105 ........................ 39 61 
Tank (Subchapter D) ........................................................... 323 313 ........................ 3 97 
Passenger (Subchapter H) .................................................. 191 67 ........................ 65 35 
Cargo and Miscellaneous (Subchapter I) ............................ 1037 974 ........................ 6 94 
Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (Subchapter I–A) ................. 57 55 ........................ 4 96 
Small Passenger (Subchapter K) ........................................ 311 6 ........................ 98 2 
Offshore Supply (Subchapter L) .......................................... 338 335 ........................ 1 99 
Towing (Subchapter M) ....................................................... 1434 1123 ........................ 22 78 
Nautical Schools (Subchapter R) ........................................ 29 28 ........................ 3 97 
Sailing Schools (Subchapter R) ........................................... 10 2 ........................ 80 20 
Small Passenger (Subchapter T) ........................................ 4231 872 ........................ 79 21 
Oceanographic Research (Subchapter U) .......................... 74 42 ........................ 43 57 
Other .................................................................................... 517 300 ........................ 42 58 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
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We then estimated the number of 
liferafts and lifeboats by equipment 
pack type for existing and new vessels by looking at the total number of packs carried by lifeboats and liferafts. Table 9 presents the number of SOLAS A, SOLAS B, and Coastal Service packs by 
liferaft and lifeboat for each subchapter of vessels. 
We calculated the total number of 
inflatable liferafts with Coastal Service Packs (column (a) in table 9) by multiplying the percentage of Coastal Service Packs in liferafts and lifeboats (column (c) in table 8) by the total number of inflatable liferafts by subchapter (column (c) in table 4). We calculated column (b) in table 9, ‘‘Short 
International/SOLAS B packs for inflatable liferafts,’’ by multiplying column (d) in table 8, which is the percentage of Short International/ SOLAS B packs by vessel subchapter, by column (c) in table 4, which is the total number of inflatable liferafts by subchapter. We calculated column (c) in 
table 9, ‘‘International/SOLAS A packs for liferafts,’’ by multiplying column (e) in table 8, which is the percentage of International/SOLAS A packs by vessel subchapter, by column (c) in table 4, which is the total number of inflatable liferafts by subchapter. We calculated column (e) in table 9, ‘‘Short International/SOLAS B packs for 
lifeboats,’’ by taking the sum of multiplying columns (c) and (d), the percentages of Coastal packs and Short International/SOLAS B packs in table 8 by column (d) in table 4, which is the total number of lifeboats by subchapter. Finally, we calculated column (f) in table 9, ‘‘International/SOLAS A packs for lifeboats’’ by multiplying column (e) from table 8, which is the percentage of International Packs/SOLAS A, by column (d) in table 4, which is the total number of lifeboats by subchapter. 
BILLING CODE 9110–04–P 
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Table 10 presents the total number of 
new packs needed each year for new survival craft. We calculated this table 
by taking the number of new lifeboats and liferafts presented in table 5 and multiplying that figure by the 
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Table 9: Vessel Lifeboat and Liferaft Count by Subchapter 
Inflatable Liferafts Lifeboats 
Total 
Coastal Short (a)+ Short 
Service International International (b) + International International/ 
pack /SOLAS B /SOLAS A (c) = /SOLAS B SOLAS A 
Type of Vessel (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) m Total (e) + (t) = (!!) 
Commercial Fishing Vessels 
(Subchapter C) 1,371 1,371 3,525 6,267 62 79 141 
Uninspected Passenger Vessels 
(Subchapter C) - 101 157 258 1 1 2 
Tank 
(Subchapter D) - 22 684 706 17 526 543 
Passenger 
(Subchapter H) - 288 156 444 59 32 91 
Cargo and Miscellaneous 
(Subchapter I) - 197 3,050 3,247 73 1,127 1,200 
Mobile Offshore Drilling Units 
(Subchapter I-A) - 9 254 263 22 601 623 
Small Passenger 
(Subchapter K) - 932 18 950 2 0 2 
Offshore Supply Vessels 
(Subchapter L) - 12 1,381 1,393 0 55 55 
Towing Vessels 
(Subchapter M) - 322 1,163 1,485 0 2 2 
Nautical Schools 
(Subchapter R) - 5 135 140 3 76 79 
Sailing Schools 
(Subchapter R) - 19 5 24 1 0 1 
Small Passenger 
(Subchapter T) - 5,959 1,547 7,506 4 1 5 
Oceanographic Research 
(Subchapter U) - 112 148 260 23 30 53 
Other Vessels - 338 467 805 16 22 38 
Total 1,371 9,687 12,690 23,748 283 2,552 2,835 
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 68281 Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 218 / Monday, November 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations 
12https://www.bls.gov/oes/2020/may/naics3 _
339000.htm. 
13A loaded labor rate is what a company pays per 
hour to employ a person beyond the hourly wage. 
Instead, the loaded labor rate includes the cost of benefits (health insurance, vacation, etc.). We calculate the load factor for wages by dividing total compensation by wages and salaries. For this 
analysis, we used BLS’ Employer Cost for Employee Compensation/Manufacturing Occupations, Private Industry report (Series IDs, CMU2013000000000D and CMU2023000000000D for all workers using the multi-screen data search). Using 2020 Quarter 4 
Manufacturing data, we divided the total compensation amount of $40.02 by the wage and salary amount of $26.56 to get the load factor of 
1.51 ($40.02 divided by $26.56). This data is found in table 4 of the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation December 2020 News Release available at Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Archived News Releases: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov). distribution in table 8 to obtain the 
number of new packs needed for the new liferafts and lifeboats on vessels 
each year. 
BILLING CODE 9110–04–C 
TABLE 10—L IFEBOATS AND LIFERAFTS BY EQUIPMENT PACKTYPENEEDED ON AN ANNUAL BASIS BROKEN OUT BY  
SUBCHAPTER  
Type of vessel Inflatable liferafts Lifeboats 
Coastal 
service pack Short 
international/ 
SOLAS B International/ 
SOLAS A Total Short 
international/ 
SOLAS B International/ 
SOLAS A Total 
Commercial Fishing (Subchapter C) ............. 4 5 11 20 0 0 0 
Uninspected Passenger (Subchapter C) ...... ........................ 0 1 1 0 0 0 
Tank (Subchapter D) ..................................... ........................ 0 11 11 0 8 8 
Passenger (Subchapter H) ........................... ........................ 3 2 5 1 0 1 
Cargo and Miscellaneous (Subchapter I) ..... ........................ 2 26 28 1 9 10 
Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (Subchapter 
I–A) ............................................................ ........................ 0 5 5 0 11 11 
Small Passenger (Subchapter K) ................. ........................ 15 0 15 0 0 0 
Offshore Supply (Subchapter L) ................... ........................ 0 45 45 0 2 2 
Towing (Subchapter M) ................................. ........................ 5 18 23 0 0 0 
Nautical Schools (Subchapter R) .................. ........................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Sailing Schools (Subchapter R) .................... ........................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Small Passenger (Subchapter T) .................. ........................ 49 13 62 0 0 0 
Oceanographic Research (Subchapter U) .... ........................ 2 2 4 0 1 1 
Other Vessels ................................................ ........................ 1 2 3 0 0 0 
Total ....................................................... 4 82 136 222 2 31 33 
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 
Benefits 
In addition to the nonquantified 
benefits discussed in table 2, this rule 
will generate a cost savings as follow: 
Cost Savings 
This rule will generate a cost savings 
to: (1) vessel owners and operators from 
having the option to purchase less expensive survival craft equipment; (2) equipment manufacturers from reducing reporting, recordkeeping, and production requirements of survival craft equipment; and (3) the Federal Government from reducing recordkeeping requirements. The details and calculations of the cost savings are discussed later in this final rule. Wages 
This rule will reduce the burden of 
review that is required by both industry 
and the Federal Government. This review includes preparing COA applications, renewals, and product instructions by certain manufacturers. We presume clerical employees will be responsible for all the manufacturer’s recordkeeping activities, and production employees will be responsible for marking equipment and packing instructions. Federal Government employees who possess the technical knowledge to review submissions to ensure safety standards will be senior 
engineers at the GS–14 grade. These employees will be responsible for the review of all the submitted information. 
We calculate the costs for each 
activity by estimating the labor hours required in each labor category and then 
multiplying those burdens by the wage rate for each labor category. For this analysis, we calculated private sector wages using 2020 wage data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) for the miscellaneous manufacturing sector (North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 339000).
12We added a load factor to the 
industry wages using December 2020 wage and total compensation data from the BLS Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey, which accounts for employee benefits. This load factor represents the total benefits as a percentage of total salary.
13Table 
11 summarizes the loaded wage rates for industry used in this RA. 
TABLE 11—D ERIVATION OF 2020 L OADED INDUSTRY WAGERATES  
[Rounded to the nearest dollar] 
Personnel 
category Data source(s) 2020 hourly 
wage Load factor Loaded hourly 
wage 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) × (b) 
Technical ... Wage Rate: Mean hourly wage for Industrial Engineers, including 
Health and Safety: Occupation code (17–2110) under the miscella-
neous manufacturing sector (NAICS 339000) from the BLS OES. Link: https://www.bls.gov/oes/2020/may/naics3 _339000.htm#17-0000.$44.10 1.51 $67 
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14https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/ 
pay-leave/salaries-wages/salary-tables/20Tables/ 
html/DCB_ h.aspx. 
15Congressional Budget Office (2017), 
‘‘Comparing the Compensation of Federal and Private-Sector Employees, 2011 to 2015,’’ https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/115th-congress-2017- 2018/reports/52637-federalprivatepay.pdf. 
16$64.80 divided by 38.30. 17Refer to the appendix titled ‘‘Appendix C: 
Carriage Requirements for all the Survival Craft 
Equipment’’ in the docket folder for more information on carriage requirements for all vessels affected by this final rule. 18There is currently one Coast Guard-approved 
fishing kit on CGMIX. The only non-durable aspect 
of the fishing kit is the bait, which is made of a synthetic resin known as plastisol. If stored properly, plastisol has an indefinite shelf life. 
19Refer to the sections titled First-Aid Kits, First- 
Aid Kits for Liferafts and IBA, and Emergency Water 
further in the regulatory analysis. TABLE 11—D ERIVATION OF 2020 L OADED INDUSTRY WAGERATES —Continued 
[Rounded to the nearest dollar] 
Personnel 
category Data source(s) 2020 hourly 
wage Load factor Loaded hourly 
wage 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) × (b) 
Loading Factor: Calculated from December 2020 BLS ECEC non-sea-
sonally adjusted data for wage and salaries (CMU2013000000000D) 
and total compensation (CMU2023000000000D) for private industry workers in the miscellaneous manufacturing sector.
Clerical ...... Wage Rate: Mean hourly wage for Information and Record Clerks: Oc-
cupation code (43–4000) under the miscellaneous manufacturing sector (NAICS 339000) from the BLS OES. Link: https://www.bls.gov/oes/2020/may/naics3_ 339000.htm#43-4000.$19.87 1.51 $30 
Loading Factor: Calculated from December 2020 BLS ECEC non-sea-
sonally adjusted data for wage and salaries (CMU2013000000000D) and total compensation (CMU2023000000000D) for private industry workers in the manufacturing sector.
Production Wage Rate: Mean hourly wage for Assemblers: Occupation code (51– 
2000) in the miscellaneous manufacturing sector (NAICS 339000) from the BLS OES. Link: https://www.bls.gov/oes/2020/may/naics3 _
339000.htm#51-2000.$17.22 1.51 $26 
Loading Factor: Calculated from December 2020 BLS ECEC non-sea-
sonally adjusted data for wage and salaries (CMU2013000000000D) and total compensation (CMU2023000000000D) for private industry workers in the manufacturing sector.
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 
For Federal Government employees, 
The Office of Personnel Management 
(OPM) lists the hourly pay for Federal employees according to the Washington, DC area General Schedule (GS) pay tables.
14OPM records the hourly pay of 
GS–14, step 5 (the midpoint of the pay band) as $65.88. We calculate the share of total compensation of Federal employees to account for a government employee’s non-wage benefits. The Congressional Budget Office (2017) reports total compensation to Federal employees as $64.80 per hour and wages as $38.30.
15We determine the 
load factor to be approximately 1.69.16 
We multiplied $65.88 by 1.69 to obtain a loaded hourly wage rate of approximately $111.34 for a GS–14 senior engineer. 
Cost Savings to Equipment 
Manufacturers 
We estimate that manufacturers of 
Coast Guard-approved equipment will have a cost savings associated with no longer having to complete applications to obtain and maintain Coast Guard 
approval. In addition, this rule will remove recordkeeping and reporting requirements, and reduce testing requirements for some pieces of survival equipment. 
Number of Survival Craft Products 
This rule modifies the approval 
requirements for nine categories of 
survival craft equipment. In total, there are 28 approvals for these 9 categories of survival craft equipment. These are the specific items that vessel owners and operators purchase to comply with the vessel carriage regulations found in 46 CFR chapter I, subchapters C, T, K, and W.
17These items are required to be 
stowed on board survival craft. 
To comply with the lifesaving 
equipment regulations in 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter Q, manufacturers submit an application to the Coast Guard for review and approval. Once approved, the manufacturer of each piece of equipment must mark it (or stamp it) with its approval number (see table 12). 
There are two types of survival craft 
equipment: (1) items that are durable and need not be replaced or serviced frequently, such as bilge pumps, 
compasses, fishing kits,
18jackknives, 
signaling mirrors, hatchets, and sea anchors; and (2) items that are not durable, expire, and must be replaced, such as first-aid kits and emergency drinking water. We used the annual total number of pieces of survival craft equipment needed to stock new survival craft in order to forecast the number of new pieces of equipment manufactured and stamped on an annual basis. We estimate that, in the long term, the supply of new survival equipment will equal the demand of new survival craft equipment. 
The Coast Guard does not have 
substantive data on how long these durable goods last, and we estimate that these goods will last as long as the survival craft themselves. 
We discuss the renewal rate of non- 
durable goods, first-aid kits, and water later in this analysis.
19Table 12 lists the 
estimated number of pieces of survival craft equipment manufactured on an annual basis. 
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20Based on information from the subchapter Q 
ICR. TABLE 12—E STIMATED NUMBER OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURED ANNUALLY  
Equipment Approval 
series Annual 
number of 
pieces of 
equipment 
Compass .................................................................................................................................................................. 160.014 87 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats .................................................................................................... ...................................... 160.041 188 
First-aid kit for Liferafts .................................................................................................... ........................................ 160.054 285 
Fishing kit .................................................................................................................... ............................................. 160.061 38 
Hatchet ........................................................................................................................ ............................................. 160.013 92 
Jackknife .................................................................................................................................................................. 160.043 46 
Mirror, Signaling ....................................................................................................................................................... 160.020 338 
Total .................................................................................................................................................................. ........................ 1,074 
Equipment Approval and Markings 
In the current regulations, 
manufacturers seeking Coast Guard 
approval must submit a COA application with information such as technical plans, drawings, 
specifications, instructional materials, and test reports. In addition to the initial application, manufacturers of Coast Guard-approved equipment must 
also submit application renewals every 5 years to maintain their approval status. Table 3 presents the estimated number of new COA applications for each equipment type, as the annual average number of new products each year. 
Table 13 presents the estimated 
number of application renewals for each equipment type. Since the Coast Guard 
estimates that 1 of every 5 applications 
will be renewed on an annual basis, the number of renewal applications is equal to 20 percent of the total number of products. Once a product has been approved, the manufacturer must stamp each individual piece of survival craft equipment with the Coast Guard approval number and other information. 
TABLE 13—T OTAL NUMBER OF NEWRENEWALS  
Equipment Approval 
series Total 
products Annual 
percentage 
of COAs for 
renewals Total renewal 
applications 
annually 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) × (b) 
Bilge pump ................................................................................................... 160.044 3 20 0.6 
Compass ...................................................................................................... 160.014 3 20 0.6 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats * ............................................................................ 160.041 5 20 1 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ................................................................................ 160.054 5 20 1 
Fishing kit ..................................................................................................... 160.061 1 20 0.2 
Hatchet ......................................................................................................... 160.013 1 20 0. 2 
Jackknife ...................................................................................................... 160.043 1 20 0.2 
Mirror, Signaling ........................................................................................... 160.020 2 20 0.4 
Sea anchor .................................................................................................. 160.019 1 20 0.2 
Water ** ........................................................................................................ 160.026 6 20 1.2 
Total ...................................................................................................... .................... .... 28 20 6 
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 
* This includes the first-aid kits described in the subchapters K and T section of this preamble, which are covered under the same approval 
subpart in the CFR. 
** For emergency drinking water, this only includes implementation in the first 5 years of the analysis period. 
We present the number of affected products in Years 6 through 10 of the analysis period later in this RA. 
We estimate that it will take the 
technical staff 2 hours to prepare a new 
application, and the clerical staff will spend 0.17 hours (10 minutes)
20per 
application on recordkeeping, for a total cost of $139 per new application [(2 technical hours × $67) + (0.17 clerical 
hours × $30) = $139]. For renewal 
applications, we estimate a burden of 0.5 technical hours and 0.17 clerical hours, for a total cost of $39 [(0.5 technical hours × $67) + (0.17 clerical 
hours × $30) = $39]. Under this rule, the 
Coast Guard no longer requires approval applications for any new survival craft equipment. As shown in table 14, we 
estimate this will result in a cost saving to industry of approximately $117 per year for new applications, and approximately $219 per year for renewal applications. This results in a total annual cost savings of about $336. 
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21This is based on information from the 
subchapter Q ICR. 22This value is incorporated in column (a) of 
table 19. TABLE 14—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS OF INDUSTRY FOR NOLONGER HAVING TO SUBMIT NEW AND RENEWAL CERTIFICATE  
OFAPPROVAL APPLICATIONS  
Equipment Approval 
series New applications Renewal applications 
Total cost 
savings Total 
number of 
applications * Total cost 
savings Total 
number of 
applications ** Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) = (a) × 
[¥$139] (c) (d) = (c) × 
[¥$39] (e) = (b) + (d) 
Bilge pump .................................................................... 160.044 0.09 ¥$13 0.60 ¥$23 ¥$36 
Compass ....................................................................... 160.014 0.09 ¥13 0.60 ¥23 ¥36 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ............................................... 160.041 0.15 ¥21 1.00 ¥39 ¥60 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ................................................. 160.054 0.15 ¥21 1 ¥39 ¥60 
Fishing kit ...................................................................... 160.061 0.03 ¥4 0.20 ¥8 ¥12 
Hatchet .......................................................................... 160.013 0.03 ¥4 0.20 ¥8 ¥12 
Jackknife ....................................................................... 160.043 0.03 ¥4 0.20 ¥8 ¥12 
Mirror, Signaling ............................................................ 160.020 0.06 ¥8 0.4 ¥16 ¥24 
Sea anchor .................................................................... 160.019 0.03 ¥4 0.20 ¥8 ¥12 
Water ............................................................................. 160.026 0.18 ¥25 1.20 ¥47 ¥72 
Total ....................................................................... ........................ ............................ ¥117 ............................ ¥219 ¥336 
Note: Values may not sum due to rounding. 
* Refer to column (c) in table 3. 
** Refer to column (c) in table 13. 
The Coast Guard is removing 
requirements that equipment must be 
marked with a Coast Guard approval number. With the exception of compasses and hatchets, equipment needs to be marked only to indicate that it meets standards set in ISO 18813. Compasses will no longer need to be 
marked with their Coast Guard approval number, but will still need to be marked to indicate they meet ISO 25862, as is currently required by the Coast Guard approval guidelines for magnetic compasses in lifeboats and rescue boats. Hatchets will not need to be marked at all, as they do not have to meet any consensus standard and because this rule removes the marking required by § 160.013–5. 
The Coast Guard assumes the burden 
to mark the equipment is the same whether it is marked with a Coast Guard approval number or whether it is marked indicating that it meets the ISO standard; therefore, this change will only result in a cost savings to the manufacturers of hatchets. The Coast 
Guard estimates that it takes industry 0.06 hours of production labor time
21to 
mark each individual piece of equipment at a cost of $1.56 (0.06 hours × $26 = $1.56) per piece of equipment. 
We estimate that 92 hatchets will no longer need to be marked each year (see table 12), for a total cost savings of approximately $144 ($1.56 × 92).
22 
Instructions 
The Coast Guard currently requires 
that equipment manufacturers provide instruction material with certain types of equipment to ensure that crew members have access to information on the proper use of the equipment. We currently require instructions for five of the nine types of equipment subject to this rulemaking: compasses, first-aid 
kits, mirrors, fishing kits, and jackknives. ISO 18813 requires instructions for three types of equipment: first-aid kits, mirrors, and fishing kits. ISO 18813 does not state that instructions need to be provided for compasses and jackknives; therefore, the manufacturers of compasses and jackknives will no longer have to develop and maintain instructions for their products under this rule. 
Based on information in the current 
subchapter Q ICR (OMB Control Number 1625–0035), we estimate that it takes about 8 hours of time to prepare a set of instructional materials for new equipment, for a cost of about $536 (8 hours × $67/hour). 
Table 15 presents the total annual 
industry cost savings, $64, for no longer having to develop new instructions for some types of new survival craft equipment. The total cost in columns (b) and (d), $536, is the loaded wage of a safety engineer and inspector, $67, multiplied by the estimated burden of work, 8 hours, for preparing a set of new instructions. This table presents the baseline scenario burden, the proposed post-regulatory scenario burden, and the difference between the two as cost savings. 
TABLE 15—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS OF MODIFYING NEWINSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICABLE EQUIPMENT  
Equipment Approval 
series Baseline scenario Post-regulatory scenario 
Total cost 
savings Total new 
instructions Total cost Total new 
instructions Total cost 
(a) (b) = (a) × $536 (c) (d) = (c) × $536 (e) = (d)¥(b) 
Compass ....................................................................... 160.014 0.09 $48 0 $0 ¥$48 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ............................................... 160.041 0.15 80 0.15 80 0 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ................................................. 160.054 0.15 80 0.15 80 0 
Fishing kit ...................................................................... 160.061 0.03 16 0.03 16 0 
Jackknife ....................................................................... 160.043 0.03 16 0 0 ¥16 
Mirror, Signaling ............................................................ 160.020 0.06 32 0.06 32 0 
Total ....................................................................... ........................ 0.51 272 0.39 208 ¥64 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
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23We asked four Coast Guard-approved 
laboratories for cost estimates for the testing requirements, but the labs were unable to provide 
any cost information. Laboratory Testing and Recordkeeping 
As current regulations stand, the 
Coast Guard requires product testing 
and recordkeeping for some lifesaving equipment to ensure the equipment meets minimum performance requirements. Table 16 presents a 
comparison of the current Coast Guard testing requirements and the testing requirements stated in ISO 18813 and ISO 25862 (for compasses). This table also contains a qualitative description of the change in costs associated with modifying the current testing 
requirements. We were unable to obtain any cost data from the Coast Guard- approved labs that conduct the testing of this equipment, and we received no comments to the NPRM on this.
23 
TABLE 16—P REVIOUS AND NEWPRODUCT TESTING REQUIREMENTS  
Product Previous testing 
requirements New testing 
requirements Cost impact 
Compasses .......................... •All testing requirements 
from section 4 of ISO 
613a.
•Dry Heata......................
•Low Temperaturea........
•Vibrationa.......................
•Solar Radiationa............
•Corrosiona.....................•All testing requirements 
for class B Compasses as stated in ISO 25862.
•Dry Heat .........................
•Damp Heat .....................
•Low Temperature ...........
•Vibration .........................
•Solar Radiation ..............
•Corrosion .......................No cost change, as the requirements of ISO 613 and 
ISO 25862 are not substantively different. 
Bilge Pump .......................... •Capacity Testingb..........
•Head Pressure Testingb 
•Operating Lever Test-
ingb.•Capacity Testing ............
•Head Pressure Testing ..
•Operating Lever Testing None. Testing requirements are the same. 
Jackknife .............................. •Hardness Testc.............
•Bending and Drop 
Testsc.
•Cutting Testsc................•Cutting Tests .................. Unquantified cost savings. The Coast Guard is unable 
to assess the change in burden; there is no sub-stantive data. 
First-Aid for Lifeboats .......... •Accelerated weatheringd 
•Salt sprayd.....................
•Temperature changed...
•Container 
watertightnessd.
•Carton watertightnessd..•None .............................. Unquantified cost savings. There is no change in test-
ing requirements; therefore, there is no change in burden. 
First-Aid for Liferafts ............ •Accelerated weatheringe 
•Salt Spraye....................•None .............................. Unquantified cost savings. There is no change in test-
ing requirements; therefore, there is no change in burden. 
Mirrors .................................. •Reflection Testf.............
•Flatness Testsf..............
•Dropping Testf...............
•Salt Sprayf.....................
•Watertightness ...............•Reflection Test ...............
•Flatness Test .................
•Dropping Test ................
•Oil-Resistance Test .......
•Lanyard Strength Test ...Unknown change in cost. The Coast Guard is unable 
to assess the change in burden as there is no sub-stantive data. 
Emergency Water ................ •Chemical and biological 
analysis.
•Temperature Storage .....
•Leakage .........................
•Water Immersion Testing 
•Durability ........................
•Corrosion .......................
•Drop ...............................•Water quality must be 
verified by the local mu-nicipality or independent lab.
•Low and High Tempera-
ture Storage.
•Leakage .........................
•Water Immersion Testing 
•Durability ........................
•Corrosion .......................
•Drop ...............................None. Testing requirements are the same, as under 
the ISO standard the water must satisfy inter-national chemical and microbiological requirements. Concerning the water quality testing, the Coast Guard was unable to obtain any cost data from the laboratories. 
Sources: 
a‘‘United States Coast Guard Approval Guideline for Magnetic Compasses in Lifeboats/Rescue Boats,’’ USCG Approval Series 160.014, De-
cember 2005. 
b§ 160.044–4 
c§ 160.043–5 
d§ 160.041–5 
e§ 160.054–5 
fDocumentation provided by subject matter experts in CG–ENG–4. 
Based on the information from the 
current subchapter Q ICR, we estimate 
that recordkeeping takes 2 hours of clerical time per year and costs $60 (2 hours × $30 clerical staff loaded hourly 
wage rate). The Coast Guard is removing the requirements for testing records for seven types of equipment listed in this final rule, as these manufacturers no longer need these records to document that their products meet the requirements of the ISO 18813. Table 17 presents the total cost savings of about $1,500 to industry from removing requirements to keep records of laboratory testing. The $60 figure used in calculating total cost in columns (b) and (d) represents the loaded hourly 
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24While the Coast Guard currently requires 
testing for jackknives, it does not require laboratory inspections. Therefore, there are no cost savings to 
jackknife manufacturers from this change. wage of a record clerk ($30) multiplied 
by the estimated burden of work for fulfilling recordkeeping requirements (2 hours). This table presents the baseline scenario burden and the post-regulatory scenario burden and then presents the difference of the two burdens as cost 
savings. 
TABLE 17—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO MANUFACTURERS FOR TESTING RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS  
Equipment Approval 
subpart Baseline scenario Post-regulatory scenario 
Total cost 
savings Total 
products Total cost Total 
products Total cost 
(a) (b) = (a) × $60 (c) (d) = (c) × $60 (e) = (d) ¥ (b) 
Bilge pump .................................................................... 160.044 3 $180 0 $0 ¥$180 
Compass ....................................................................... 160.014 3 180 0 0 ¥180 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ............................................... 160.041 5 300 0 0 ¥300 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ................................................. 160.054 5 300 0 0 ¥300 
Jackknife ....................................................................... 160.043 1 60 0 0 ¥60 
Mirror, Signaling ............................................................ 160.020 2 120 0 0 ¥120 
Water ............................................................................. 160.026 6 360 0 0 ¥360 
Total ....................................................................... ........................ 25 1,500 0 0 ¥1,500 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Laboratory Inspections 
The Coast Guard currently requires 
inspectors to examine the 
manufacturing process in order to ensure that quality control is maintained. This rule removes these 
requirements; however, the Coast Guard is unable to determine if this removal will generate any cost savings to industry. Hence, the Coast Guard is not quantifying it as a cost savings. Manufacturers are likely to still have their production line inspected to ensure quality as part of best industry practices. Moreover, manufacturers may 
continue third-party testing to maintain certifications, such as the ISO 9001 standard, or to meet other regulatory obligations. At the time of this final rule, the Coast Guard does not have enough information to quantify any potential changes in cost resulting from the changes in inspection requirements. 
Additionally, the Coast Guard 
requires inspecting entities to issue annual reports to enable a comparison between the production line and the prototype tested by the Coast Guard.
24 
We were able to estimate a cost savings that resulted from the removal of this reporting requirement using information from the subchapter Q ICR, which estimated that this recordkeeping takes 24 hours of clerical time per year on average and costs $720 (24 hours × $30 
clerical wage rate). The Coast Guard is removing this reporting requirement for all types of survival craft equipment. As shown in table 18, we estimate a total annual cost savings of approximately $17,280. This table presents the baseline scenario burden, the post-regulatory scenario burden, and the difference between the two as cost savings. 
TABLE 18—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS FOR LABORATORY INSPECTION RECORDS  
Equipment Approval 
series Baseline scenario Post-regulatory scenario 
Total change 
in cost Total 
products Total cost Total 
products Total cost 
(a) (b) = (a) × $720 (c) (d) = (c) × $720 (e) = (d) ¥ (b) 
Bilge pump .................................................................... 160.044 3 $2,160 0 $0 ¥$2,160 
Compass ....................................................................... 160.014 3 2,160 0 0 ¥2,160 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ............................................... 160.041 5 3,600 0 0 ¥3,600 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ................................................. 160.054 5 3,600 0 0 ¥3,600 
Mirror, Signaling ............................................................ 160.020 2 1,440 0 0 ¥1,440 
Water ............................................................................. 160.026 6 4,320 0 0 ¥4,320 
Total ....................................................................... ........................ 24 17,280 0 0 ¥17,280 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Total Cost Savings to Manufacturers 
Table 19 presents the annual total cost 
savings to equipment manufacturers. We estimate that manufacturers of Coast 
Guard-approved bilge pumps, lifeboats, compasses, first-aid kits, fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, signaling mirrors, sea anchors, and emergency water will save approximately $19,324 per year. 
TABLE 19—T OTAL ANNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS  
Equipment Approval 
series Application 
and marking 
requirements Instruction 
requirements Product 
testing Laboratory 
inspections Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) = (a) + (b) + 
(c) + (d) 
Bilge pump ............................................................................ 160.044 ¥$36 $0 ¥$180 ¥$2,160 ¥$2,376 
Compass ............................................................................... 160.014 ¥36 ¥48 ¥180 ¥2,160 ¥2,424 
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25We looked at online retailers of survival craft 
equipment to assess price data. A search of online 
retailers determined that equipment that was not type-approved was less expensive than similar equipment that was type-approved. 
26Although emergency provisions are not subject 
to changes in this final rule, we still examined them for the purposes of price comparison, as doing so provided a depth of data allowing us to determine a more robust ratio. 
27We calculated this figure by finding the price 
differential for those products that were Coast Guard type-approved and those products that were not Coast Guard-approved but met ISO standards. We were not able to derive this figure for all of the 
products due to lack of industry data. However, given the similarity of the equipment type, we assume the price differences would be similar for all products. 28The Coast Guard requires all non-self-bailing 
lifeboats and rescue boats to have bilge pumps. Based on discussions with subject matter experts in CG–ENG–4, the Coast Guard estimates that all new lifeboats will be non-self-bailing and will therefore require bilge pumps, and all new rescue boats that are not also lifeboats will be self-bailing and therefore will not require bilge pumps. TABLE 19—T OTAL ANNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS —Continued 
Equipment Approval 
series Application 
and marking 
requirements Instruction 
requirements Product 
testing Laboratory 
inspections Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) = (a) + (b) + 
(c) + (d) 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ....................................................... 160.041 ¥60 ¥0 ¥300 ¥3,600 ¥3,960 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ......................................................... 160.054 ¥60 ¥0 ¥300 ¥3,600 ¥3,960 
Fishing kit .............................................................................. 160.061 ¥12 ¥0 0 0 ¥12 
Hatchet .................................................................................. 160.013 ¥156 0 0 0 ¥156 
Jackknife ............................................................................... 160.043 ¥12 ¥16 ¥60 0 ¥88 
Mirror, Signaling .................................................................... 160.020 ¥24 ¥0 ¥120 ¥1,440 ¥1,584 
Sea anchor ............................................................................ 160.019 ¥12 0 0 0 ¥12 
Water ..................................................................................... 160.026 ¥72 0 ¥360 ¥4,320 ¥4,752 
Total ............................................................................... ........................ ¥480 ¥64 ¥1,500 ¥17,280 ¥19,324 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Cost Savings to Vessel Owners or 
Operators 
After gathering price data from a 
variety of sources, we estimate that removing approval requirements will allow owners and operators of vessels to purchase less expensive equipment.
25 
While there are several companies selling Coast Guard-approved equipment, online information generally does not specify whether the equipment meets ISO 18813 or similar standards. As a result, we had difficulty finding price data for survival craft equipment products clearly stating that they met ISO 18813 standards. However, we were able to identify prices for two products—emergency provisions and emergency water—that the manufacturer or advertiser explicitly stated met the requirements of the ISO 18813 standard. 
We then applied percentage price 
difference between emergency water products and emergency provisions that had both Coast Guard approval and met the requirements of ISO 18813, and those emergency provisions and water products that met only the requirements of ISO 18813.
26We estimate that 
products without Coast Guard approval affected by this rule were approximately 28 percent less expensive than products with Coast Guard approval.
27 We applied this 28-percent price 
decrease to all the products affected by this rule, with the exception of first-aid kits, because the kit content requirements differ between the ISO standard and current Coast Guard standards, and we estimate the change in price for first-aid kits by the difference in replacement costs for first- aid kits. These differences are explained in further detail in the section, First-Aid Kits, in this RA. For this analysis, we 
quantified the cost savings to new vessels from being able to purchase less expensive equipment, and the cost savings to existing vessels of replacing expired items with less costly items. For durable items, without data to estimate how frequently these items are replaced, we are not able to estimate the cost savings to the owners and operators of existing vessels for purchasing replacement equipment that we estimate will be 28 percent cheaper. However, since emergency water and first-aid kits expire, we estimate the cost savings for purchasing replacement equipment for the owners and operators of both new and existing vessels based on how frequently this non-durable equipment must be replaced. This information is presented later in this RA. 
Durable Equipment: Bilge Pumps, 
Compasses, Fishing Kits, Hatchets, Jackknives, Mirrors, and Sea Anchors 
We estimate that only new vessels 
will purchase bilge pumps, compasses, 
fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, mirrors, and sea anchors for their survival craft. Based on population estimates (presented in table 5), 25 new IBAs, 222 new liferafts, 33 new lifeboats, and 31 new rescue boats will be subject to this rule each year. Table 6 lists the survival equipment that lifeboats, liferafts, rescues boats, and IBAs are required to carry. We multiply the populations in table 5 by the carriage requirements in table 6 to yield the total number of items purchased for new survival craft in table 20. The Coast Guard requires new lifeboats to be equipped with bilge pumps, and there were 33 new lifeboats recorded in table 5, meaning there will be 33 purchases of new bilge pumps per year.
28Only the 
new lifeboats with equipment packs for international voyages will require fishing kits (see table 6), and all new lifeboats and rescue boats will be equipped with compasses, for a total of 64 purchases of compasses each year. All 280 new IBAs, liferafts, and lifeboats are required to be equipped with mirrors. Finally, 218 liferafts with a SOLAS A or SOLAS B pack will be equipped with 2 sea anchors each. This rule will require that 93 IBAs, lifeboats, rescue boats, and liferafts with coastal service packs each have 1 sea anchor. 
Table 20 presents the annual cost 
savings from new vessels removing Coast Guard approval for bilge pumps, compasses, fishing kits, hatchets, jackknives, mirrors, and sea anchors. In total, we estimate an annual cost savings of approximately $78,324 for U.S.- flagged vessels by removing the type approvals for these 7 types of survival craft equipment. 
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29We estimate the cost savings for only one can 
opener because the use of a jackknife will only 
fulfill the replacement requirement for one can opener. 
30We calculated this by taking the average of 10 
can opener products on the market that meet ISO 18813 requirements. The Coast Guard will now require that can openers meet the standards of ISO 18813. 31We calculated this by taking the average of 14 
Coast Guard-approved emergency drinking water 
products on the market. 
32We calculated this by taking the average of 14 
available emergency drinking water products on the market that were compliant with ISO 18813 only. 
33To calculate this, we took the average of 
emergency drinking water prices that were Coast Guard-approved and subtracted them from emergency drinking water prices that need only meet the ISO standard. 34We calculated this by taking the average of the 
survival craft capacity for all survival craft. We 
retrieved this data from the MISLE database in November 2020. TABLE 20—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO NEWVESSELS FROM REMOVING COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR BILGE PUMPS , 
COMPASSES , FISHING KITS, HATCHETS , JACKKNIVES , MIRRORS , ANDSEAANCHORS  
Equipment Average 
price of 
coast guard- 
approved 
equipment Estimated 
equipment price 
without coast 
guard approval 
requirements Difference Number 
of survival 
craft Average 
number of 
items per 
survival craft Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) = (a) × 0.72 (c) = (b)¥(a) (d) (e) (f) = (c) × (d) × 
(e) 
Bilge pump ........................................................................ $276 $199 ¥$77 33 1 ¥$2,541 
Compass ........................................................................... 1,250 900 ¥350 64 1 ¥22,400 
Fishing kit .......................................................................... 41 30 ¥11 31 1 ¥341 
Hatchet .............................................................................. 28 20 ¥8 33 2 ¥528 
Jackknife ........................................................................... 34 24 ¥10 33 1 ¥330 
Mirror, Signaling ................................................................ 19 14 ¥5 280 1 ¥1,400 
Sea anchor (Liferafts with SOLAS A and SOLAS B 
packs) ............................................................................ 343 247 ¥96 218 2 ¥41,856 
Sea anchor (Other Survival Craft) .................................... 343 247 ¥96 93 1 ¥8,928 
Total ........................................................................... ........................ ............................ ............................ ........................ ........................ ¥78,324 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. All product prices are rounded to the nearest whole dollar. 
Jackknives as a Replacement for Can 
Openers 
As specified in § 199.175(b)(5), the 
Coast Guard allows jackknives to meet the requirements of a can opener, thereby permitting jackknives to fulfill two requirements. Table 1 in § 199.175 states that only lifeboats and rigid liferafts with SOLAS A packs require can openers, and only lifeboats may carry jackknives. This means that rigid liferafts with SOLAS A packs are currently carrying both knives and can openers. This rule will allow these vessels to replace their knives with jackknives, resulting in a cost savings to 
vessel owners from being able to purchase only a jackknife instead of both a knife and a can opener. We estimate that there are a total of 136 new liferafts each year that carry SOLAS A packs and, further, assume that these vessel owners and operators will choose to replace a knife with a jackknife, thus forgoing the need to purchase a can opener.
29We estimate the price of a can 
opener meeting the requirements of ISO 18813 to be $6.
30Therefore, we estimate 
that vessel owners and operators will save $816 (136 SOLAS A liferafts × $6 
per can opener) for no longer needing can openers, because of meeting the 
jackknife requirements. 
Emergency Water 
The Coast Guard requires survival 
craft with SOLAS A packs be stocked 
with 3 liters of water per person, and that lifeboats with SOLAS B packs be stocked with 1.5 liters of water per person. We estimate the average cost of Coast Guard-approved water to be $4 per liter,
31while the cost of 1 liter of 
emergency water that meets the ISO 18813 standard to be $3.
32The price 
difference between the Coast Guard- approved water and water approved under ISO 18813 is $1 per liter.
33This 
is the estimated additional cost of Coast Guard approval, which is counted as cost savings. Emergency water expires and will need to be replaced every 5 years; therefore, the Coast Guard estimates that 20 percent of existing survival craft and 100 percent of new survival craft will need to purchase emergency water annually. 
We estimate that industry will save a 
total of $183,255 on an annual basis (3,215 survival craft × 19 people per 
survival craft × 3 liters of water × $1 cost 
savings) for survival craft with SOLAS A packs during Years 1 through 5 of 
implementation.
34To calculate this cost 
savings, we took the 12,690 existing liferafts with SOLAS A packs and 2,552 lifeboats with international voyage packs (see table 9) for a total of 15,242 existing survival craft that are required to stock emergency water. We then estimated that 20 percent (100 percent of these survival craft ÷ 5 years) or 3,048 
survival craft [(12,690 liferafts × 20 
percent) + (2,552 lifeboats × 20 percent)] 
will replace their emergency water annually. Additionally, all 31 new lifeboats with international packs and 136 new liferafts with SOLAS A packs (see table 10) are required to buy emergency water. We summed these totals to get 3,215 survival craft that will need to purchase emergency water on an annual basis (3,048 existing survival craft + 31 new lifeboats + 136 new liferafts). Table 21 presents these cost savings. 
In Years 6 through 10, there will be 
more cost savings, because vessels will have entirely replaced their survival craft equipment by Year 6, as described earlier in this rule. Therefore, we estimate an annual cost savings of about $192,774 [3,382 survival craft (3,215 + 167 new craft) × 19 people per survival 
craft × 3 liters of water × ¥$1 cost 
savings] for survival craft with SOLAS A packs. Table 22 presents these cost savings. 
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TABLE 21—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS FOR COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR REDUCED PRICES IN EMERGENCY WATER FOR  
SOLAS A P ACKS IN YEARS 1 THROUGH 5 
Years 1 through 5 Total life-
rafts and 
lifeboats New life-
boats and 
liferafts Total 
survival 
craft Person per 
life saving 
craft Liters of 
water 
required Total water 
needed in 
liters Cost of 
water Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) + 
(b) (d) (e) (f) = (c) × 
(d) × (e) (g) (h) = (g) × 
(f) 
Baseline ............................................................................. 3,048 167 3,215 19 3 183,255 $4 $733,020 
Post-Regulatory ................................................................. 3,048 167 3,215 19 3 183,255 3 549,765 
Change .............................................................................. .................. .................. .................. 0 0 0 ¥1 ¥183,255 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
TABLE 22—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS FOR COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR REDUCED PRICES IN EMERGENCY WATER FOR  
SOLAS A P ACKS IN YEARS 6 THROUGH 10 
Years 6 through 10 Total life-
rafts and 
lifeboats New life-
boats and 
liferafts Total 
survival 
craft Person per 
life saving 
craft Liters of 
water 
required Total water 
needed in 
liters Cost of 
water Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) + 
(b) (d) (e) (f) = (c) × 
(d) × (e) (g) (h) = (g) × 
(f) 
Baseline ............................................................................. 3,215 167 3,382 19 3 192,774 $4 $771,096 
Post-Regulatory ................................................................. 3,215 167 3,382 19 3 192,774 3 578,322 
Change .............................................................................. .................. .................. .................. 0 0 0 ¥1 ¥192,774 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
We used the same methodology when 
calculating the number of SOLAS A 
packs in Years 1 through 10 of implementation to estimate the total costs savings for survival craft with SOLAS B packs. There are a total of 283 existing lifeboats with SOLAS B packs (see table 9). We estimate that 20 percent of these survival craft or 57 survival craft (283 lifeboats × 20 
percent) will replace their emergency 
water annually. Additionally, all 2 new lifeboats with SOLAS B packs are required to buy emergency water, for a 
total of 59 survival craft (57 lifeboats + 2 new lifeboats) purchasing emergency 
water in Years 1 through 5. In Years 6 through 10, the number of existing lifeboats will increase by 2 to account for the new vessels that will be built in Years 1 through 5 (59) for a total of 61 survival craft (59 existing survival craft + 2 new lifeboats). 
The cost savings for survival craft 
with SOLAS B packs purchasing emergency water will be approximately $1,682 (59 survival craft × 19 people per 
survival craft × 1.5 liters of water × ¥$1 
cost savings) in Years 1 through 5 and 
approximately $1,739 (61 survival craft × 19 people per survival craft × 1.5 liters 
of water × ¥$1 cost savings) in Years 6 
through 10. Table 23 presents these cost savings in Years 1 through 5 of implementation, and table 24 presents these cost savings in Years 6 through 10 of implementation. 
TABLE 23—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS FOR COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR REDUCED PRICES IN EMERGENCY WATER FOR  
SOLAS B P ACKS IN YEARS 1 THROUGH 5 
Water Years 1–5 New 
liferafts New 
lifeboats Total new 
survival 
craft Person per 
life saving 
craft Liters of 
water 
required Total water Cost Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) + 
(b) (d) (e) (f) = [(c) × 
(d) × (e)] (g) (h) = (f) × 
(g) 
Baseline ............................................................................. 57 2 59 19 1.5 1,682 $4 $6,728 
Post-Regulatory ................................................................. 57 2 59 19 1.5 1,682 3 5,046 
Change .............................................................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 ¥1 ¥1,682 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
TABLE 24—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS FOR COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR REDUCED PRICES IN EMERGENCY WATER FOR  
SOLAS B P ACKS IN YEARS 6 THROUGH 10 
Water years 6–10 New 
liferafts New 
lifeboats Total new 
survival 
craft Person per 
life saving 
craft Liters of 
water 
required Total water Cost Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) = (a) + 
(b) (d) (e) (f) = [(c) 
×(d) × (e)] (g) (h) = (f) × 
(g) 
Baseline ............................................................................. 59 2 61 19 1.5 1,739 $4 $6,956 
Post-Regulatory ................................................................. 59 2 61 19 1.5 1,739 3 5,217 
Change .............................................................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 ¥1 ¥1,739 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Table 25 presents the total annualized 
cost savings to vessel owners and operators from removing Coast Guard approval requirements for emergency water. The Coast Guard estimates an annualized cost savings of about 
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$188,923 with a 7-percent discount rate 
($189,372 with 3-percent discount rate). 
TABLE 25—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS TO VESSELS FROM REMOVING COAST GUARD APPROVAL FOR REDUCED PRICES IN  
EMERGENCY WATER  
Year Cost savings 
for vessels 
with SOLAS A 
packs Cost savings 
for vessels 
with SOLAS B 
packs Total cost 
savings Annualized cost savings 
3% 7% 
(a) (b) (c) (d) = (b) + (c) (e) = (d) ÷ 
1.03(a) (f) = (d) ÷ 
1.07(a) 
1 ........................................................................................... $183,255 $1,682 $184,937 $179,550 $172,838 
2 ........................................................................................... ¥183,255 ¥1,682 ¥184,937 ¥174,321 ¥161,531 
3 ........................................................................................... ¥183,255 ¥1,682 ¥184,937 ¥169,244 ¥150,964 
4 ........................................................................................... ¥183,255 ¥1,682 ¥184,937 ¥164,314 ¥141,088 
5 ........................................................................................... ¥183,255 ¥1,682 ¥184,937 ¥159,528 ¥131,858 
6 ........................................................................................... ¥192,774 ¥1,739 ¥194,513 ¥162,902 ¥129,612 
7 ........................................................................................... ¥192,774 ¥1,739 ¥194,513 ¥158,157 ¥121,133 
8 ........................................................................................... ¥192,774 ¥1,739 ¥194,513 ¥153,550 ¥113,208 
9 ........................................................................................... ¥192,774 ¥1,739 ¥194,513 ¥149,078 ¥105,802 
10 ......................................................................................... ¥192,774 ¥1,739 ¥194,513 ¥144,736 ¥98,881 
Total .............................................................................. ¥1,880,145 ¥17,105 ¥1,897,250 1,615,380 ¥1,326,915 
Annualized ............................................................. ........................ ........................ ........................ ¥189,372 ¥188,923 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
First-Aid Kits 
The Coast Guard is modifying the 
requirements for first-aid kits so that all 
first-aid kits in survival craft must meet the standards outlined in ISO 18813. In addition to removing the testing requirements for the kits, this change modifies the required contents of first- 
aid kits by removing the requirements for some items, adding additional items, or changing the number of mandatory items. Since items within the kits expire and need to be replaced, the change impacts both new and existing vessels, including small passenger vessels described in the Subchapters K and T 
section in this preamble. Table 26 highlights these differences in the first- aid kit requirement. Due to the differences in the first-aid kits, we estimate the cost of purchasing each of the individual items in the kit. 
TABLE 26—C ROSSWALK OF FIRST-AIDKITCONTENT REQUIREMENTS  
Item Number of items required 
Lifeboats and rescue boat 
requirements under § 160.041–4 Liferaft and IBA 
requirements under § 160.054–4 ISO 18813 
requirements 
Adhesive Plasters .......................... 32 1-inch waterproof bandages .... 16 1-inch waterproof bandages .... 20 bandages in assorted sizes. 
Ammonia Inhalants ........................ 10 .................................................. 10 ................................ .................. 0. 
Analgesic Medication ..................... 50 doses ....................................... 20 doses ....................................... 48 doses. 
Antiseptic Preparations .................. 10 iodine swabs ............................ 10 iodine swabs ............................ 10 applications. 
Burn Preparations .......................... 0 .................................................... 0 .................................................... 12 applications. 
Compression Bandage (for 
wounds).5 4-inch bandages 8 2-inch ban-
dages.1 4-inch bandage 4 2-inch ban-
dages.10 sterile bandages in assorted 
sizes. 
Compression Bandage (for secur-
ing splints, dressings, etc.).2 2-inch-by-6-yard bandages ....... 2 2-inch-by-6-yard bandages ....... 4 meters (4.4 yards) of adhesive 
elastic bandage. 
Eye Dressing Packet ..................... 3 .................................................... 3 .................................................... 0. 
Instructions ..................................... 1 .................................................... 1 .................................................... 1. 
Sterile Gauze Compress ................ 12 3-by-18-inch compresses ........ 4 3-by-18-inch compresses .......... 2. 
Tourniquet, with forceps, scissors 
and pins.1, 1, 1, and 12, respectively ......... 1, 1, 1, and 12, respectively ......... 0. 
Triangle Bandage .......................... 3 40-inch bandages ...................... 0 ............................................ ........ 2. 
Waterproof Container ..................... 1 .................................................... 1 ................................ .................... 1. 
Wire Splint ..................................... 1 .................................................... 1 ......................... ........................... 0. 
First-Aid Kits for Lifeboats and Rescue 
Boats 
We estimate that new vessels with 
lifeboats or rescue boats will have a cost savings as a result of the changes to first-aid kits, because we estimate that first-aid kits that meet the standard are $41 less expensive than Coast Guard- 
approved kits under approval series 160.041. We estimate that a total of 64 new lifeboats and rescue boats will purchase a first-aid kit each year for a total costs savings of approximately $2,624 (64 survival craft × $41 cost 
savings). 
The Coast Guard is not requiring 
existing vessels to replace their current kits; however, existing vessels must replace medication and ointments within the kits by their expiration date. 
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35ISO 18813 uses the specific language of 
Analgesic and Ophthalmic when describing the 
medication in the first-aid kits. Refer to the appendix titled ‘‘Appendix B: Product Prices’’ in the docket folder for more information on product prices for these items that comprise the first-aid kit. 36The Coast Guard used the same price 
estimation for the average cost of these items as the 
cost it would take to replace them. 
37The Coast Guard took the average price of six 
Coast Guard-approved first-aid kits and subtracted it from an average of six first-aid kits that met ISO standards. 38There are 222 liferafts affected by this rule, but 
those requiring SOLAS A and B packs (218 liferafts) 
will be required to have first-aid kits. 
39We contacted a liferaft servicing firm to 
determine how the expired items in liferaft and lifeboat first-aid kits are replaced. Currently, vessels must replace their 
iodine swabs, pain relief medication, and eye ointment, which we estimate costs about $19 per kit.
35We calculated 
the cost per kit by taking the average price for 10 different iodine swab products, 12 different pain relief medication, and 8 different eye ointments. Under this rule, these vessels will no longer have to replace eye ointment, and will need to replace fewer doses of pain relief medication. Additionally, vessel operators will be able to replace iodine swabs with less expensive antiseptic preparation. However, under this rule, vessels will incur an additional cost from replacing the burn cream in the kits, as required 
by ISO 18813 shown in table 26. We estimate the cost of replacing these items to be $19, meaning the change is cost-neutral to existing vessels with lifeboat first-aid kits.
36 
First-Aid Kits for Liferafts and IBAs 
We estimate that first-aid kits that 
meet the requirements of ISO 18813 will be, on average, $1 less expensive than the Coast Guard-approved kits for liferafts and IBAs.
37All 218 new 
liferafts and all 25 new IBAs will need 
to be equipped with the kits each year for an annual cost savings of $243 (243 survival craft × ¥$1 cost saving).
38 
Liferaft first-aid kits are sealed in plastic 
bags, and most drugs expire within a 2- to 3-year timeframe. Vessel owners and operators have to replace the entire first- aid kit with a brand new kit after using even one item. Once the packaging for the kit is opened, the majority of items in it will have the same expiration date, not just the individual item.
39 
Therefore, the Coast Guard estimates that vessels will replace the items in their first-aid kits once they have expired, every 2.5 years (average of 2 and 3 years), and this process occurs during the annual servicing at an approved servicing facility. 
We calculate that 40 percent (1 
replacement every 2.5 years) of vessels will replace these items annually. Forty percent of all existing 2,612 IBAs and 22,377 liferafts [table 9 (sum of the totals for SOLAS A and SOLAS B for inflatable liferafts columns)] is 9,996 survival craft [(2,612 IBAs × 40 percent) 
+ (22,377 liferafts × 40 percent)]. 
Beginning in Year 3, the new survival 
craft from Year 1 will need to replace their kits for a total of 10,239 survival craft (9,996 existing survival craft + 243 survival craft built in Year 1). In Year 4, the new survival craft from Year 2 will need to replace their kits, but those from Year 1 will not need to do this, since 
they will have replaced their kits in the prior year. Therefore, the total needing to replace first-aid kits will still be 10,239 survival craft (9,996 existing survival craft + 243 survival craft built in Year 2). In Year 5, the survival craft built in Year 1 and Year 3 will replace their kits for a total of 10,482 survival craft (9,996 existing survival craft + 243 survival craft built in Year 1 + 243 survival craft built in Year 3). This pattern continues over the 10-year analysis period. In conclusion, we estimate the total annualized cost savings from removing Coast Guard approval for liferaft first-aid kits will be $10,660 with a 7-percent discount rate as shown in table 27. 
TABLE 27—T OTAL COSTSAVINGS TO VESSELS FROM REMOVING COAST GUARD APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRST- 
AIDKITS IN LIFERAFTS AND IBAS 
Year Cost savings 
to new vessels Cost savings for replacement kits 
Total cost 
savings Annualized cost savings 
Total survival 
craft replacing 
kits Cost savings 
for 
replacement Total cost 
savings for 
replacements 3% 7% 
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) = (c) × (d) (f) = (b) + (e) (g) = (f) ÷ 
1.03(a) (h) = (f) ÷ 
1.07(a) 
1 ............................................................ ¥$243 9,996 ¥$1 ¥$9,996 ¥$10,239 ¥$9,941 ¥$9,569 
2 ............................................................ ¥243 9,996 ¥1 ¥9,996 ¥10,239 ¥9,651 ¥8,943 
3 ............................................................ ¥243 10,239 ¥1 ¥10,239 ¥10,482 ¥9,593 ¥8,556 
4 ............................................................ ¥243 10,239 ¥1 ¥10,239 ¥10,482 ¥9,313 ¥7,997 
5 ............................................................ ¥243 10,482 ¥1 ¥10,482 ¥10,725 ¥9,251 ¥7,647 
6 ............................................................ ¥243 10,482 ¥1 ¥10,482 ¥10,725 ¥8,982 ¥7,147 
7 ............................................................ ¥243 10,725 ¥1 ¥10,725 ¥10,968 ¥8,918 ¥6,830 
8 ............................................................ ¥243 10,725 ¥1 ¥10,725 ¥10,968 ¥8,658 ¥6,383 
9 ............................................................ ¥243 11,968 ¥1 ¥11,968 ¥11,211 ¥8,592 ¥6,098 
10 .......................................................... ¥243 11,968 ¥1 ¥11,968 ¥11,211 ¥8,342 ¥5,699 
Total ............................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ¥91,242 ¥74,870 
Annualized .............................. ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ¥10,696 ¥10,660 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
First-Aid Kits for Small Passenger 
Vessels (Subchapter K and Subchapter T) 
This final rule will also remove Coast 
Guard approval requirements for first- aid kits aboard small passenger vessels, which the Coast Guard regulates under subchapters K and T. Small passenger vessels are currently required to have 
first-aid kits approved under approval series 160.041; therefore, we used the same cost savings estimates for replacing first-aid kits in the section titled First-Aid Kits for Lifeboats and 
Rescue Boats. This comes to $41 per first-aid kit. The Coast Guard applied these estimates to small passenger vessels, which will no longer need Coast Guard approval for the first-aid kits aboard the vessels themselves. We estimate that there will be 40 new small passenger vessels every year (see table 5). All of the 40 new passenger vessels will need to be equipped with first-aid 
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kits each year, for an annual cost 
savings of $1,640. 
Total Cost Savings to Vessel Owners 
and Operators 
Table 28 presents the annual 
undiscounted total cost savings to vessel owners and operators by equipment 
type, and table 29 presents the total annualized cost savings. We estimate the total undiscounted costs savings to vessel owners and operators at $2.85 million over a 10-year period of analysis, with an annualized total cost savings of about $284,481 discounted at 7 percent ($284,966 with a 3-percent discount rate). 
BILLING CODE 9110–04–P 
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BILLING CODE 9110–04–C 
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Table 28: Total Cost Savine:s to Vessel Owners and Operators 
Fishing First-Aid Total Year Bilge First-Aid First-Aid Kit Kits for Compass Kits for Kits for Hatchet Jackknife* Mirrors Sea Anchor Water Cost pump Lifeboats Liferafts Subchapter Savings K&T 
I -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,239 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$184,937 -$280,074 
2 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,239 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$184,937 -$280,074 
3 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,482 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$184,937 -$280,317 
4 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,482 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$184,937 -$280,317 
5 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,725 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$184,937 -$280,560 
6 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,725 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$194,513 -$290,136 
7 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,968 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$194,513 -$290,379 
8 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$10,968 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$194,513 -$290,379 
9 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$11,211 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$194,513 -$290,622 
10 -$2,541 -$22,400 -$2,624 -$11,211 -$341 -$528 -$2,640 -$1,400 -$1,640 -$50,784 -$194,513 -$290,622 
Total -$25,410 -$224,000 -$26,240 -$107,250 -$3,410 -$5,280 -$26,400 -$14,000 -$16,400 -$507,840 -$1,897,250 -$2,853,480 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
*Includes the estimated cost savings from both removing Coast Guard approval for jackknives and allowing vessels to replace knives with jackknives and the cost savings ofno longer 
needing one can opener for SOLAS A liferafts. 68294 Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 218 / Monday, November 14, 2022 / Rules and Regulations 
40This is based on information from the 
subchapter Q ICR. For the wage rate, $111.34, 
please see the Wages section of this RA. TABLE 29—A NNUALIZED COSTSAVINGS TO VESSEL OWNERS AND OPERATORS  
Year Total cost savings Annualized cost savings 
3% 7% 
(a) (b) (c) = (b) ÷ 1.03(a) (d) = (b) ÷ 1.07(a) 
1 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$280,074 ¥$271,917 ¥$261,751 
2 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$280,074 ¥$263,997 ¥$244,627 
3 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$280,317 ¥$256,530 ¥$228,822 
4 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$280,317 ¥$249,058 ¥$213,852 
5 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$280,560 ¥$242,014 ¥$200,035 
6 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$290,136 ¥$242,984 ¥$193,330 
7 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$290,379 ¥$236,105 ¥$180,833 
8 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$290,379 ¥$229,228 ¥$169,003 
9 ................................................................................................................................. ¥$290,622 ¥$222,738 ¥$158,079 
10 ............................................................................................................................... ¥$290,622 ¥$216,250 ¥$147,737 
Total .................................................................................................................... ¥$2,853,480 ¥$2,430,819 ¥$1,998,072 
Annualized ................................................................................................... .............................. ¥$284,966 ¥$284,481 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Total Cost Savings to Industry 
Table 30 presents the total annualized 
costs savings to industry over the 10- year period of analysis. At a 7-percent 
discount rate, the cost savings is approximately $303,805. 
TABLE 30—T OTAL ANNUALIZED COSTSAVINGS TO INDUSTRY  
Year Total cost savings 
to manufacturers * Total cost savings 
to vessels ** Total cost savings Annualized cost savings 
3% 7% 
(a) (b) (c) (d) = (b) + (c) (e) = (d) ÷ 1.03(a) (f) = (d) ÷ 1.07(a) 
1 ............................................................. ¥$19,324 ¥$280,074 ¥$299,398 ¥$290,678 ¥$279,811 
2 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥280,074 ¥299,398 ¥282,211 ¥261,506 
3 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥280,317 ¥299,641 ¥274,214 ¥244,596 
4 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥280,317 ¥299,641 ¥266,227 ¥228,595 
5 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥280,560 ¥299,884 ¥258,683 ¥213,813 
6 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥290,136 ¥309,460 ¥259,168 ¥206,206 
7 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥290,379 ¥309,703 ¥251,817 ¥192,867 
8 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥290,379 ¥309,703 ¥244,482 ¥180,250 
9 ............................................................. ¥19,324 ¥290,622 ¥309,946 ¥237,548 ¥168,590 
10 ........................................................... ¥19,324 ¥290,622 ¥309,946 ¥230,629 ¥157,561 
Total ................................................ ¥193,240 ¥2,853,480 ¥3,046,720 ¥2,595,657 ¥2,133,796 
Annualized ............................... ¥304,290 ¥303,805 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
* Table 19. 
** Table 28. 
Federal Government Cost Savings 
We estimate that this rule will reduce 
costs to the Federal Government, since 
the Coast Guard will no longer review COA applications, application renewals, or inspection reports for the equipment that is subject to this rule. The Coast Guard does not anticipate that this rule will generate any cost savings from vessels inspections, as this rule does not modify any inspection requirements. 
Equipment Approval 
In addition to generating a cost 
savings to industry by removing COA application requirements, this rule will 
also create a cost savings to the Federal Government, as Coast Guard staff will no longer review new COA applications and renewals. We estimate that it takes 24 hours of a GS–14’s time to review each new application and 4 hours to review each renewal.
40We estimate the 
cost of reviewing a new application at $2,672 (rounded) per applicant (24 hours × $111.34), and the cost for reviewing a renewal application at 
$445(rounded) per renewal (4 hours × $111.34). In table 31, the cost of reviewing a new application is captured in column (b) and the cost of a renewal application is captured in column (d). In total, we estimate the Federal Government will save $4,735 each year, due to this rule removing the requirements of having to review COA applications. 
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TABLE 31—A NNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FOR NOLONGER HAVING TOREVIEW NEW AND RENEWAL  
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL APPLICATIONS  
Equipment Approval 
series New applications Renewal applications Total change 
in cost = total 
cost savings Total number 
of applications Total cost Total number 
of applications Total cost 
(a) (b) = (a) × 
[¥$2,672] (c) (d) = (c) × 
[¥$445] (e) = (b) + (d) 
Bilge pump ............................................... 160.044 0.09 ¥$240 0.60 ¥$267 ¥$507 
Compass .................................................. 160.014 0.09 ¥240 0.60 ¥267 ¥507 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats .......................... 160.041 0.15 ¥401 1 ¥445 ¥846 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ............................ 160.054 0.15 ¥401 1 ¥445 ¥846 
Fishing kit ................................................. 160.061 0.03 ¥80 0.20 ¥89 ¥169 
Hatchet ..................................................... 160.013 0.03 ¥80 0.20 ¥89 ¥169 
Jackknife .................................................. 160.043 0.03 ¥80 0.20 ¥89 ¥169 
Mirror, Signaling ....................................... 160.020 0.06 ¥160 0.4 ¥178 ¥338 
Sea anchor ............................................... 160.019 0.03 ¥80 0.20 ¥89 ¥169 
Water ........................................................ 160.026 0.18 ¥481 1.20 ¥534 ¥1015 
Total .................................................. ........................ ........................ ¥2,243 ........................ ¥2,492 ¥4,735 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Laboratory Inspections 
The Coast Guard currently requires 
manufacturers of some equipment to 
submit an annual report with the results of laboratory inspections, allowing the Coast Guard to ensure the production stock of the equipment will be identical to those originally tested and approved by the Coast Guard. This rule removes 
this reporting requirement for equipment that is now self-certified by the manufacturer. We were unable to obtain data about the costs related to laboratory inspections. 
We estimate that it takes 
approximately 2 hours of a GS–14 senior engineer’s time to review each 
report, costing $223 (2 hours × $111.34). 
Table 32 presents the total annual cost saving to the Federal Government for no longer having to review laboratory inspection reports. We estimate these cost savings will be $5,352 per year. 
TABLE 32—A NNUAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT COSTSAVINGS FOR NOLONGER HAVING TO REVIEW LABORATORY  
INSPECTION RECORDS  
Equipment Approval 
series Baseline scenario Post-regulatory scenario Total change 
in cost = total 
cost savings Total products Total cost Total products Total cost 
(a) (b) = (a) × 
$223 (c) (d) = (c) × 
$223 (e) = (d) ¥ (b) 
Bilge pump ............................................... 160.044 3 $669 0 $0 ¥$669 
Compass .................................................. 160.014 3 669 0 0 ¥669 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats .......................... 160.041 5 1,115 0 0 ¥1,115 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ............................ 160.054 5 1,115 0 0 ¥1,115 
Mirror, Signaling ....................................... 160.020 2 446 0 0 ¥446 
Water ........................................................ 160.026 6 1,338 0 0 ¥1,338 
Total .................................................. ........................ 24 5,352 0 0 5,352 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Total Federal Government Savings 
Table 33 presents the total annual cost 
savings to the Federal Government. In total, the Coast Guard estimates this rule to generate a cost savings of approximately $10,087 per year. 
TABLE 33—T OTAL ANNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT  
Equipment Approval 
series New 
applications 
avoided Renewed 
applications 
avoided Avoided 
inspection 
reports Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) (d) = (a) + (b) 
+ (c) 
Bilge pump ........................................................................... 160.044 ¥$240 ¥$267 ¥$669 ¥$1,176 
Compass .............................................................................. 160.014 ¥240 ¥267 ¥669 ¥1,176 
First-aid kit for Lifeboats ...................................................... 160.041 ¥401 ¥445 ¥1,115 ¥1,961 
First-aid kit for Liferafts ........................................................ 160.054 ¥401 ¥445 ¥1,115 ¥1,961 
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TABLE 33—T OTAL ANNUAL COSTSAVINGS TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT —Continued 
Equipment Approval 
series New 
applications 
avoided Renewed 
applications 
avoided Avoided 
inspection 
reports Total cost 
savings 
(a) (b) (c) (d) = (a) + (b) 
+ (c) 
Fishing kit ............................................................................. 160.061 ¥80 ¥89 0 ¥169 
Hatchet ................................................................................. 160.013 ¥80 ¥89 0 ¥169 
Jackknife .............................................................................. 160.043 ¥80 ¥89 0 ¥169 
Mirror, Signaling ................................................................... 160.020 ¥160 ¥178 ¥446 ¥784 
Sea anchor ........................................................................... 160.019 ¥80 ¥89 0 ¥169 
Water .................................................................................... 160.026 ¥481 ¥534 ¥1,338 ¥2,353 
Total .............................................................................. ........................ ¥2,243 ¥2,492 ¥5,352 ¥10,087 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
Change in Safety 
Many of the current Coast Guard type 
approval requirements for survival craft 
equipment were developed in the 1950s and 1960s and have not been significantly updated since they were 
initially published. Upon a thorough review of these requirements, Coast Guard enforcement procedures, current maritime industry practice, and the availability of new international standards, we have determined that the additional scrutiny of the Coast Guard 
type approval does not increase or decrease the safety for the equipment subject to this rule. For these nine types of survival craft equipment, the current 
Coast Guard type approval requirements are outdated and overly prescriptive. Therefore, the Coast Guard anticipates that by having equipment meet consensus standards, as opposed to Coast Guard standards, there will be no decrease in the level of safety in the maritime environment. No Cost Changes 
This rule will also implement several 
changes with no cost impacts. The vast 
majority of these changes are the result of modifying the current lifeboat equipment requirements for sailing school vessels as stated in § 169.527 to align them with the requirements stated in § 199.175. Table 34 summarizes these changes. 
TABLE 34—S UMMARY OF REGULATORY CHANGES WITHNOCOSTIMPACTS  
Equipment CFR subpart/ 
section(s) Affected population Changes Basis for no cost 
Bailer ....... § 169.529(a) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-
boats.Removes requirements that bailers in 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(a) and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(1).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(a) and 199.175(b)(1) are identical. 
Boathooks § 169.529(c) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirements that 
boathooks in lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the prescribed design requirements of § 169.529(c) and instead, they must meet the re-quirements of § 199.175(b)(3) and be designed to minimize the possi-bility of damage.Sections 169.529(c) and 
199.175(b)(3) set different stand-ards for boathooks; however, only new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Can Open-
ers.§ 199.175(b)(5) All U.S.-flagged Vessels with 
Lifeboats or Liferafts with SOLAS A packs.Can openers must meet the standards 
of ISO 18813.ISO 18813 requires that can openers 
in liferafts be of the safety type. The Coast Guard estimates that all life-rafts are currently equipped with ei-ther a safety can opener or a can opener within the jackknife; there-fore, this change poses no addi-tional cost to industry. 
Cover, 
Pro-tecting.§ 169.529(ll) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Fully enclosed lifeboats on sailing 
school vessels do not need to be equipped with a cover.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. In addi-tion, fully enclosed lifeboats do not require a cover; therefore, it is likely they are not equipped with one under the baseline. 
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TABLE 34—S UMMARY OF REGULATORY CHANGES WITHNOCOSTIMPACTS —Continued 
Equipment CFR subpart/ 
section(s) Affected population Changes Basis for no cost 
Ditty Bag .. § 169.529(f) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-
boats.Motor-propelled lifeboats on sailing 
school vessels no longer need to carry a ditty bag.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Drinking 
Cups.§ 169.529(g) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirements that drinking 
cups in lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(g) and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(8).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(g) and 199.175(b)(8) are identical. 
Fire Extin-
guisher.§ 169.529(h), 
§ 199.175(b)(9) All New U.S.-flagged Ves-
sels with IBAs, Liferafts, Lifeboats, or Rescue Boats.Updates fire extinguisher rating 
names from B–C, size II to 40–B to match other regulatory text in title 46 of the CFR.This change does not require fire ex-
tinguishers meet any different re-quirements as laid out in the final rule, ‘‘Harmonization of Standards for Fire Protection, Detection and Extinguishing Equipment’’ (81 FR 482200 July 22, 2016), only that they have a label. 
A review of portable marine fire extin-
guishers found that both the Coast Guard and UL ratings are currently provided for each product. 
First-Aid 
Kits.§ 121.710 
§ 160.010– 
3(e)(7)(ii) 
Subpart 160.041 
Subpart 160.054 
§ 160.151–21(h) 
§ 169.529(i) 
§ 184.710 
§ 199.050(c) 
§ 199.175(b)(10) All U.S.-flagged Vessels with 
IBAs, Liferafts with a SOLAS A or B pack, Life-boats, or Rescue Boats. All small passenger ves-sels in Subchapters K and T.All medicinal products within the first- 
aid kits must use active ingredients that conform to OTC drug regula-tions set out in 21 CFR part 330.The Coast Guard estimates that, 
under the baseline, all medicinal products meet U.S. OTC drug standards. The Coast Guard did an extensive inquiry to ensure that the medicinal products were FDA com-pliant. 
Flashlights § 169.529(j) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that flashlights 
in lifeboats on sailing school ves-sels meet the prescribed design re-quirements of § 169.529(j) and in-stead, they must meet the require-ments of § 199.175(b)(12) and be constructed and marked according to the American Society for Testing and Materials’ ASTM F1014 stand-ard already incorporated by ref-erence in that section.This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards. 
Heaving 
Lines.§ 169.529(l) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that heaving 
lines on lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(l), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(14).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(l) and 199.175(b)(14) are identical. 
Ladder ..... § 169.529(n) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that ladders on 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(n), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(18).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(n) and 199.175(b)(18) are identical. 
Lanterns .. § 169.529(o) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels carry lan-terns.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels are impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Lifelines ... § 169.529(p) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes lifeline standards from 
§ 169.529(p).This is an administrative change, as 
lifelines are not survival craft equip-ment and are, instead, regulated as part of the lifeboat design require-ments under § 160.135–7. 
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TABLE 34—S UMMARY OF REGULATORY CHANGES WITHNOCOSTIMPACTS —Continued 
Equipment CFR subpart/ 
section(s) Affected population Changes Basis for no cost 
Life Pre-
servers.§ 169.529(q) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-
boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels carry two additional life preservers in their life-boat.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Lockers .... § 169.529(r) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels have lock-ers for the storage of small items.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Mast and 
Sail.§ 169.529(s) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Clarifies that motor-propelled lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels do not need to carry a mast or sails.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
In addition, motorized boats do not re-
quire a mast or sails; therefore, they are not equipped with them under the baseline. 
Matches ... § 169.529(t) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels carry matches.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Oars ......... § 169.529(v) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that oars on 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(v), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(20). In addition, the Coast Guard is modifying the num-ber of required oars from four row-ing and one steering, to the number required by the manufacturer.This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(v) and 199.175(b)(20) are identical. There are no cost sav-ings because there are no sailing school vessels with lifeboats. 
In addition, only new U.S.-flagged 
sailing school vessels will be im-pacted by the change, and the Coast Guard estimates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis pe-riod. 
Oil, Illu-
minating.§ 169.529(w) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels carry illu-minating oil for lanterns.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Oil, Storm § 169.529(x) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that lifeboats 
on sailing school vessels carry storm oil to calm the seas.Only new U.S.-flagged sailing school 
vessels will be impacted by the change, and the Coast Guard esti-mates that no new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the analysis period. 
Painters ... § 169.529(y) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that painters on 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(y), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(21).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(n) and 199.175(b)(18) are identical. 
Plug ......... § 169.529(z) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes plug standards from 
§ 169.529(z).This is an administrative change, as 
plugs are not survival craft equip-ment and are, instead, regulated as part of the lifeboat design require-ments under § 160.135–7 
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TABLE 34—S UMMARY OF REGULATORY CHANGES WITHNOCOSTIMPACTS —Continued 
Equipment CFR subpart/ 
section(s) Affected population Changes Basis for no cost 
Provisions Subpart 160.046 All manufacturers of Coast 
Guard-approved provi-
sions.Adds to the scope: emergency provi-
sions approved to be carried in life-boats and liferafts. These provisions meet the IMO recommendations for emergency food rations.This is an administrative change, as 
this rule will update § 199.175(b)(22) and add regulatory text to subpart 160.046 stating that the provisions or food rations must comply with ISO 18813 paragraph 4.31, which is the same as the cur-rent standard. 
Rowlocks § 169.529(bb) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that rowlocks 
on lifeboats on sailing school ves-sels meet the requirements of § 169.529(bb) and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(20).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(bb) and 199.175(b)(20) are identical. 
Rudder 
and Till-er.§ 169.529(cc) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes rudder and tiller standards 
from § 169.529(cc), which state the rudder and tiller must be con-structed according to § 169.035–3(f).This is an administrative change, as 
§ 169.035–3(f) was removed pre-viously from the CFR, and the sec-tion no longer exists. 
Signals, 
Distress Floating Orange Smoke.§ 169.529(ee) New and Existing U.S.- 
flagged Sailing School Vessels with Lifeboats.Removes requirement that distress 
floating orange smoke signals on lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(ee), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(30).The change will apply to both new 
U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels with lifeboats, and existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats, as these vessels will have to replace their smoke signals after they ex-pire. 
The Coast Guard estimates that no 
new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the anal-ysis period. In addition, there are no existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats; therefore, no existing ves-sels will be impacted by the change. 
Signals, 
Distress Red Hand Flare.§ 169.529(ff) All U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that distress 
red hand flare signals on lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(ff), and instead, they must meet the require-ments of § 199.175(b)(31).The change will apply to both new 
U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels with lifeboats, and existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats, as these vessels will have to replace their smoke signals after they ex-pire. 
The Coast Guard estimates that no 
new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the anal-ysis period. In addition, there are no existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats; therefore, no existing ves-sels will be impacted by the change. 
Signals, 
Distress Red Para-chute Flare.§ 169.529(gg) All U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with Life-boats.Removes requirement that distress 
red parachute flares on lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the re-quirements of § 169.529(gg), and in-stead, they must meet the require-ments of § 199.175(b)(32).The change will apply to both new 
U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels with lifeboats and existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats, as these vessels will have to replace their smoke signals after they ex-pire. 
The Coast Guard estimates that no 
new U.S.-flagged sailing school vessels will be built during the anal-ysis period. In addition, there are no existing sailing school vessels with lifeboats; therefore, no existing ves-sels will be impacted by the change. 
Table of 
Life-saving Signals.§ 169.529(mm) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with IBAs, Liferafts, Lifeboats, or Rescue Boats.Removes requirement that table of 
lifesaving signals on lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the re-quirements of § 169.529(mm), and instead, they must meet the require-ments of § 199.175(b)(36).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(mm) and 199.175(b)(36) are identical. 
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TABLE 34—S UMMARY OF REGULATORY CHANGES WITHNOCOSTIMPACTS —Continued 
Equipment CFR subpart/ 
section(s) Affected population Changes Basis for no cost 
Tool Kit .... § 169.529(hh) New U.S.-flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with IBAs, 
Liferafts, Lifeboats, or Rescue Boats.Removes requirements that toolkits on 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of § 169.529(hh), and instead, they must meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(38).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(hh) and 199.175(b)(38) are identical. 
Whistle ..... § 169.529(jj) New U.S.-Flagged Sailing 
School Vessels with IBAs, Liferafts, Lifeboats, or Rescue Boats.Removes requirement that whistles on 
lifeboats on sailing school vessels meet the requirements of.
§ 169.529(jj), and instead, they must 
meet the requirements of § 199.175(b)(41).This is an administrative change that 
allows the Coast Guard to consoli-date its survival craft equipment standards, and the requirements of §§ 169.529(jj) and 199.175(b)(41) are identical. 
Total Cost Savings 
Table 35 presents the total annualized 
cost savings of this final rule to both industry and the Federal Government 
for the 10-year period of analysis. The Coast Guard estimates an annualized cost savings of approximately $314,377 with a 3-percent discount rate, and $313,892 with a 7-percent discount rate. 
TABLE 35—T OTAL ANNUALIZED COSTSAVINGS TO INDUSTRY AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT  
Year Total cost 
savings to 
industry * Total cost 
savings to 
federal 
government ** Total cost 
savings Annualized cost savings 
3% 7% 
(a) (b) (c) (d) = (b) + (c) (e) = (d) ÷ 
1.03(a) (f) = (d) ÷ 
1.07(a) 
1 ........................................................................................... ¥$299,398 ¥$10,087 ¥$309,485 ¥$300,471 ¥$289,238 
2 ........................................................................................... ¥299,398 ¥10,087 ¥309,485 ¥291,719 ¥270,316 
3 ........................................................................................... ¥299,641 ¥10,087 ¥309,728 ¥283,445 ¥252,830 
4 ........................................................................................... ¥299,641 ¥10,087 ¥309,728 ¥275,189 ¥236,290 
5 ........................................................................................... ¥299,884 ¥10,087 ¥309,971 ¥267,384 ¥221,005 
6 ........................................................................................... ¥309,460 ¥10,087 ¥319,547 ¥267,616 ¥212,928 
7 ........................................................................................... 309,703 10,087 319,790 260,019 199,149 
8 ........................................................................................... ¥309,703 ¥10,087 ¥319,790 ¥252,445 ¥186,121 
9 ........................................................................................... ¥309,946 ¥10,087 ¥320,033 ¥245,279 ¥174,077 
10 ......................................................................................... ¥309,946 ¥10,087 ¥320,033 ¥238,135 ¥162,689 
Total .............................................................................. ¥3,046,720 ¥100,870 ¥3,147,590 ¥2,681,701 ¥2,204,643 
Annualized ............................................................. ........................ ........................ ........ ................ 314,377 313,892 
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. 
* Table 30. 
** Table 33. 
Discussion of Alternatives 
When creating this rule, the Coast 
Guard considered four alternatives, one 
of which was suggested by public comment. In this section, we examine how the cost of the rulemaking changes with each alternative. 
Alternative 1: No Action 
Using this alternative, the Coast 
Guard will accept the status quo and not 
replace the current approval requirements with an international consensus standard. This alternative will not harmonize Coast Guard standards with industry consensus standards, nor reduce the burden to industry. This will not incur approximately $314,000 in annual cost 
savings with no estimated benefits. Alternative 2: Preferred Alternative— 
Remove the Need for Coast Guard Approval 
Using this alternative, the Coast 
Guard will implement the changes regarding the removal of Coast Guard approval standards. This will lead to an estimated $314,000 in annual cost savings without any estimated reduction in benefits, as this analysis shows. 
Alternative 3: Remove the Need for 
Coast Guard Approval and Marking Requirements 
Under this alternative, the Coast 
Guard will implement the changes in the preferred alternative, but will, in addition, remove the requirement that equipment be marked to indicate it meets ISO 25862, ISO 17339, or ISO 18813. This will lead to an additional annual cost savings of approximately $397,433. We estimate this by multiplying 254,765 pieces of equipment by $1.56 (allowing 0.06 hours × $26 production rate per hour for 
the time and cost to mark each piece of equipment). This will lead to a total cost savings of $711,433, which we calculated by adding the additional savings from no markings ($397,433) to the total estimated cost savings of this rule, as shown in alternative 2 ($314,000). 
We rejected this alternative for the 
preferred alternative, since eliminating the markings will make it impossible for the Coast Guard to verify if equipment complies with regulations. This alternative could potentially lead to a decrease in safety, if vessel owners and operators purchased non- ISO- 
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compliant products that were not 
sufficiently safe or reliable for usage on board a survival craft. The potential for the additional burden on the Coast Guard to research and ascertain the compliance status of a piece of survival craft equipment could lead to much more significant costs than the current additional cost of $397,433 from marking equipment. 
Alternative 4: Require Manufacturers To 
Cover the Cost of a COA 
The Coast Guard received a public 
comment suggesting that the manufacturers should cover the cost of COAs. We interpreted this comment as suggesting that manufacturers should reimburse the Coast Guard for the estimated $2,672 in cost per new COA 
and the $445 in cost per renewal COA. This alternative will introduce a transfer to cover the Coast Guard’s cost of the approvals. Because this alternative will introduce a transfer, there will be no net cost saving from this action. Instead, manufacturing firms will experience an extra $2,672 in costs each time they apply for a new COA and an extra $445 in costs each time they try to renew a COA. By raising the costs of approval, the Coast Guard will be increasing entry barriers to manufacturing PFD devices. 
Additionally, because our preferred 
alternative removes the requirements for a COA on nine types of equipment, this alternative will decrease cost savings by both the government cost savings of $4,735 and the industry cost savings of $336. Because this alternative will not decrease costs, and increases the entry barrier faced by manufacturing firms, we rejected this alternative. 
B. Small Entities 
Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 
5 U.S.C. 601–612, we have considered 
whether this rule will have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The term ‘‘small entities’’ comprises small businesses, not-for-profit organizations that are independently owned and operated and are not dominant in their fields, and governmental jurisdictions with populations of less than 50,000. 
The Coast Guard expects that this rule 
will not have a significant economic impact on small entities. We expect this rule to result in net cost savings to regulated entities. 
We added two years of data to our 
data analysis in the NPRM; however, the random sample of our dataset is still valid. Using the same number of companies we used in the proposed rule for the final rule, we estimate there to be 11,139 unique vessel operators and 16 equipment manufacturers affected by this rule. For this analysis, we presumed 
any company for which we were not able to find Small Business Administration (SBA) size data to be a small entity. An estimated 94 percent of the regulated entities (including the companies without SBA size data) are considered to be small by SBA industry size standards. Using MISLE data, the Coast Guard estimates there to be 11,155 unique companies affected in this rule, of which 10,487 (0.94 × 11,155) are 
small. We estimate that the average costs to equipment manufacturers will be reduced by $1,418 per year, and the average costs to vessel owners and operators will be reduced by $60 per year as a result of removing Coast Guard approval for the equipment subject to this rulemaking. We found that all small vessel operators and small equipment manufacturers impacted by this rule will have a cost savings less than 1 percent of their annual revenue. No small governmental jurisdictions will be 
impacted by this rule. 
Therefore, the Coast Guard certifies 
under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
C. Assistance for Small Entities 
Under section 213(a) of the Small 
Business Regulatory Enforcement 
Fairness Act of 1996, Public Law 104– 121, we offer to assist small entities in understanding this rule so that they can better evaluate its effects on them and participate in the rulemaking. The Coast Guard will not retaliate against small entities that question or complain about this rule or any policy or action of the Coast Guard. 
Small businesses may send comments 
on the actions of Federal employees who enforce, or otherwise determine compliance with, Federal regulations to the Small Business and Agriculture Regulatory Enforcement Ombudsman and the Regional Small Business Regulatory Fairness Boards. The Ombudsman evaluates these actions annually and rates each agency’s responsiveness to small business. If you wish to comment on actions by employees of the Coast Guard, call 1– 888–REG–FAIR (1–888–734–3247). 
D. Collection of Information 
This rule calls for a revision to an 
approved collection of information 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501–3520. As defined in 5 CFR 1320.3(c), ‘‘collection of information’’ comprises reporting, recordkeeping, monitoring, posting, labeling, and other similar actions. The title and description of the information collections, a description of those who 
must collect the information, and an estimate of the total annual burden follow. The estimate covers the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing sources of data, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection. 
Title: Title 46 CFR Subchapter Q: 
Lifesaving, Electrical, Engineering and Navigation Equipment, Construction and Materials & Marine Sanitation Devices (33 CFR 159). 
OMB Control Number: 1625–0035. 
Summary of the Collection of 
Information: The Coast Guard currently 
collects information from lifesaving 
equipment manufacturers under 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter Q. The current ICR, 201811–1625–005 (OMB Control Number 1625–0035), accounts for the following collections of information: New Approval Applications, Renewal Approval Applications, Manufacturer Recordkeeping, Servicing Facility Recordkeeping, Servicing Facility Problem Reports, Instruction Materials, 
Markings, Production Tests and Laboratory Inspections, and Independent Laboratory Applications and Recognized Laboratory Applications. 
Need for Information: The Coast 
Guard needs this information to ensure that the manufactured safety equipment meets minimum levels of performance safety and helps prevent death, injuries, and property damage associated with commercial maritime operations. 
Proposed Use of Information: The 
Coast Guard uses the technical plans, drawings, specifications, instruction materials, and markings to determine compliance with the technical regulatory requirements for each piece of equipment. Independent laboratory reports ensure that product and material testing complies with the applicable Coast Guard regulations. Production testing reports ensure that the production stock of the equipment is identical to the stock that was originally tested and approved by the Coast Guard. Independent and recognized laboratory applications ensure that the laboratories have the technical capabilities to conduct the required testing and are independent for the organizations whose products they will test. 
Description of the Respondents: The 
respondents are manufacturers of the safety equipment subject to Coast Guard approval, accepted and recognized independent laboratories that conduct testing of the equipment, and liferaft servicing facilities. 
Number of Respondents: The Coast 
Guard estimates there will be 856 
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respondents, comprised of 480 
equipment manufacturers, 233 liferaft servicing facilities, 139 accepted independent laboratories, and 4 recognized independent laboratories. This rule will impact 16 of these respondents. We do not expect this rule to reduce the total number of respondents, because equipment manufacturers may still manufacture other Coast Guard-approved lifesaving equipment that is not subject to this rule. 
Frequency of Response: The number 
of responses per year will vary by requirement. New application materials, instructions, and markings are required with the initial COA application, and 
renewal application materials and markings are required 5 years after the initial application. Production test records and laboratory inspection records are required to be kept annually. The Coast Guard estimates this rule will reduce the number of responses for the following collections of information, presented in table 37, along with the current estimated time to complete each collection. 
TABLE 37—T IMEBURDEN ESTIMATE  
BYAPPLICATION TYPE 
Hours 
New Application .................... 2 
Renewal Applications ........... 0.5 
Manufacturer Records .......... 0.17 
Packing Instruction Materials 0.1 
Markings for New Products .. 0.1 
Marking for Revisions ........... 0.1 
Testing Records ................... 2 
Laboratory Inspection 
Records ............................. 24 
In table 38, we estimate the reduction 
in the number of annual responses 
based on application type. 
TABLE 38—N UMBER OF RESPONSES REDUCED ANNUALLY BY APPLICATION TYPE 
Response type Previous 
iteration of 
ICR Appendix 
B Change in 
burden Updated ICR 
Appendix B 
New Application ................................................................................................................ ........... 82 1 81 
Renewal Applications ........................................................................................................... ....... 544 6 538 
Manufacturer Records ........................................................................................................... ...... 2,715 27 2,688 
Packing Instruction Materials .................................................................................................. ..... 272,200 800 271,400 
Markings for New Products ...................................................................................................... ... 13,575 5 13,570 
Marking for Revisions .......................................................................................................... ........ 108,600 40 108,560 
Testing Records ................................................................................................................ ........... 1,828 6 1,820 
Laboratory Inspection Records .................................................................................................. .. 1,828 6 1,820 
Burden of Response: This rule will 
not modify the burden of response for 
any other existing collections of information. 
Estimate of Total Annual Burden: The 
current ICR estimates the total annual burden to be 114,586 hours. As a result of this rule, we estimate the annual burden will be 86,430 hours, for an annual reduction of 28,156 hours. Together, these changes account for a total annual reduction in burden of 27,903 hours. These changes are summarized in table 39. 
TABLE 39—S UMMARY OF THE CHANGE  
INBURDEN  
Baseline total burden ............ 114,586 
Program Changes ................ ¥27,903 
Adjustment Changes ............ ¥253 
Total Changes ...................... ¥28,156 
Proposed Total Burden ........ 86,430 
This rule is making an adjustment to 
the current OMB ICR. As required by 44 U.S.C. 3507(d), we will submit a copy of this rule to OMB for its review of the collection of information. You are not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. E. Federalism 
A rule has implications for federalism 
under Executive Order 13132 
(Federalism) if it has a substantial direct effect on States, on the relationship between the National Government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. We have analyzed this rule under Executive Order 13132 and have determined that it is consistent with the fundamental federalism principles and preemption requirements described in Executive Order 13132. Our analysis follows. 
It is well settled that States may not 
regulate in categories reserved for regulation by the Coast Guard. It is also well settled that all of the categories regulated under 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3103, 3306, 3703, 4102, 4502, 7101, and 8101 (design, construction, alteration, repair, maintenance, operation, equipping, personnel qualification, and manning of vessels), as well as any other category in which Congress intended the Coast Guard to be the sole source of a vessel’s obligations, are within the field foreclosed from regulation by the States. See, e.g., United States v. Locke, 529 
U.S. 89 (2000) (finding that the States are foreclosed from regulating tanker vessels), see also Ray v. Atlantic 
Richfield Co., 435 U.S. 151, 157 (1978) (State regulation is preempted where 
‘‘the scheme of federal regulation may be so pervasive as to make reasonable the inference that Congress left no room for the States to supplement it [or 
where] the Act of Congress may touch a field in which the federal interest is so dominant that the federal system will be assumed to preclude enforcement of state laws on the same subject.’’ (Citations omitted)) Because this rule involves the design, maintenance, and equipping of vessels; specifically regarding certain survival craft equipment required to be carried in survival craft and rescue boats on certain, specified U.S.-flagged vessels, it relates to vessel standards that are subject to a pervasive scheme of Federal regulation and is therefore foreclosed from regulation by the States. Therefore, because the States may not regulate within these categories, this rule is consistent with the fundamental federalism principles and preemption requirements described in Executive Order 13132. 
F. Unfunded Mandates 
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 
of 1995, 2 U.S.C. 1531–1538, requires 
Federal agencies to assess the effects of their discretionary regulatory actions. In particular, the Act addresses actions that may result in the expenditure by a 
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State, local, or tribal government, in the 
aggregate, or by the private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for inflation) or more in any one year. Although this rule will not result in such an expenditure, we do discuss the effects of this rule elsewhere in this preamble. 
G. Taking of Private Property 
This rule will not cause a taking of 
private property or otherwise have 
taking implications under Executive Order 12630 (Governmental Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property Rights). 
H. Civil Justice Reform 
This rule meets applicable standards 
in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of Executive 
Order 12988 (Civil Justice Reform) to minimize litigation, eliminate ambiguity, and reduce burden. 
I. Protection of Children 
We have analyzed this rule under 
Executive Order 13045 (Protection of 
Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks). This rule is not an economically significant rule and will not create an environmental risk to health or risk to safety that might disproportionately affect children. 
J. Indian Tribal Governments 
This rule does not have tribal 
implications under Executive Order 
13175 (Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments), because it will not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian tribes. 
K. Energy Effects 
We have analyzed this rule under 
Executive Order 13211 (Actions 
Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use). We have determined that it is not a ‘‘significant energy action’’ under that order because it is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under Executive Order 12866 and is not likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy. 
L. Technical Standards and 
Incorporation by Reference 
The National Technology Transfer 
and Advancement Act, codified as a note to 15 U.S.C. 272, directs agencies to use voluntary consensus standards in their regulatory activities unless the agency provides Congress, through OMB, with an explanation of why using these standards will be inconsistent 
with applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical standards (e.g., specifications of materials, performance, design, or operation; test methods; sampling procedures; and related management systems practices) that are developed or adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. 
This rule uses the following voluntary 
consensus standards: ASTM F1003–02, ASTM F1014–02, ISO 18813:2006, ISO 25862:2009, and ISO 17339:2018. The sections that reference these standards and the locations where these standards are available are listed in 46 CFR 160.046–3 and 199.05. 
This rule uses technical standards 
developed by voluntary consensus standards bodies to meet the stringent equipment requirements for survival craft and rescue boats on board U.S.- flagged vessels. These standards provide internationally accepted and recognized parameters that equipment must meet in order to ensure its safety, proper usage, 
and preservation on the seas. The standards being incorporated were developed by either the ASTM or the ISO, which are voluntary consensus standard-setting organizations. The sections that reference these standards and the locations where these standards are available are listed in 46 CFR parts 160 and 199. 
Two ASTM standards will be updated 
and incorporated by reference in this rulemaking: (1) ASTM F1003–02 (Reapproved 2007), ‘‘Standard Specification for Searchlights on Motor Lifeboats’’ (2007); and (2) ASTM F1014– 02 (Reapproved 2007), ‘‘Standard Specification for Flashlights on Vessels’’ (2002). 
These ASTM standards specify 
requirements for construction of searchlights and flashlights (respectively), including materials, dimensions, performance, and capability. The newer versions of these standards are not materially different from the previous versions. We are not updating the third ASTM standard already incorporated in § 199.05, ASTM 93–97, ‘‘Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester.’’ 
The following three ISO standards are 
incorporated by reference in this rulemaking: 
1. ISO 18813:2006, Ships and marine 
technology—Survival equipment for survival craft and rescue boats. 
This standard specifies design, 
performance, and use of various items of survival equipment carried in survival craft and rescue boats complying with SOLAS and the LSA Code. It also includes guidelines for maintenance 
and periodic inspections by Administrations or ships’ crews for many items. 
2. ISO 25862:2009, Ships and marine 
technology—Marine magnetic 
compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices. 
This standard gives requirements 
regarding construction and performance of marine magnetic compasses for navigation and steering purposes, binnacles, and azimuth reading devices. 
3. ISO 17339:2018, Ships and marine 
technology—Life saving and fire protection—Sea anchors for survival craft and rescue boats. 
This standard specifies requirements 
for the design, performance, and prototype testing of sea anchors fitted to survival craft (liferafts and lifeboats) and rescue boats in accordance with the LSA Code. 
With this rulemaking, we also 
updated our incorporation by reference of International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code), 2016 edition, and the Amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, (IGC Code), adopted May 22, 2014, to reflect the updated editions. No changes to the specific referenced material have been made between the older editions and the more recent editions. The IBC Code provides an international standard for the safe transport by sea of dangerous and noxious liquid chemicals in bulk. The purpose of the IGC Code is to provide an international standard for the safe transport by sea in bulk of liquefied gases and certain other substances. 
The Director of the Federal Register 
has approved the material in §§ 160.046–3 and 199.05 for incorporation by reference under 5 U.S.C. 552 and 1 CFR part 51. Copies of the material are available from the sources listed in §§ 160.046–3 and 199.05. 
Consistent with 1 CFR part 51 
incorporation by reference provisions, this material is reasonably available. Interested persons have access to it through their normal course of business, may purchase it from the organization identified in 46 CFR 160.046–3 or 199.05, or may view a copy by means we have identified in those sections. 
M. Environment 
We have analyzed this rule under 
Department of Homeland Security 
Management Directive 023–01, Rev. 1, associated implementing instructions, and Environmental Planning 
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COMDTINST 5090.1 (series), which 
guide the Coast Guard in complying with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321–4370f), and have made a determination that this action is one of a category of actions that do not individually or cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment. A Record of Environmental Consideration supporting this determination is available in the docket. For instructions on locating the docket, see the 
ADDRESSES section of this preamble. 
This rule is categorically excluded under paragraphs L52, L57, and L58 of Appendix A, Table 1 of DHS Instruction Manual 023–01–001–01, Rev. 1. Paragraph L52 pertains to regulations concerning vessel and operation safety standards. Paragraph L57 pertains to regulations concerning manning, documentation, admeasurements, inspection, and equipping of vessels. Paragraph L58 pertains to regulations concerning equipment approval and carriage requirements. 
This rule removes the Coast Guard 
type approval requirement for some survival craft equipment, and replaces it with the requirement that the manufacturer self-certify that their equipment complies with a consensus standard. 
List of Subjects 46 CFR Part 121 
Communications equipment, Marine 
safety, Navigation (water), Passenger 
vessels. 
46 CFR Part 160 
Incorporation by reference, Marine 
safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements. 
46 CFR Part 169 
Fire prevention, Incorporation by 
reference, Marine safety, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Schools, Vessels. 
46 CFR Part 184 
Communications equipment, Marine 
safety, Navigation (water), Passenger 
vessels, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. 
46 CFR Part 199 
Cargo vessels, Incorporation by 
reference, Marine safety, Oil and gas 
exploration, Passenger vessels, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. 
For the reasons discussed in the 
preamble, the Coast Guard amends 46 CFR parts 121, 160, 169, 184, and 199 as follows: PART 121—VESSEL CONTROL AND MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 
■1. The authority citation for part 121 
is revised to read as follows: 
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 
12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 
277; DHS Delegation 00170.1, Revision No. 01.2. 
■2. Revise § 121.710 to read as follows: 
§ 121.710 First-aid kits. 
A vessel must carry either a first-aid 
kit that meets the requirements in 46 
CFR 199.175(b)(10) or a kit with equivalent contents and instructions. For equivalent kits, the contents must be stowed in a suitable, watertight container that is marked ‘‘First-Aid Kit’’. A first-aid kit must be easily visible and readily available to the crew. 
PART 160—LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT 
■3. The authority citation for part 160 
is revised to read as follows: 
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3103, 3306, 
3703, 4102, 4302, and 4502; and DHS 
Delegation 00170.1, Revision No. 01.2, paragraph (II)(92)(b). 
■4. Amend § 160.010–3 by revising 
paragraphs (a)(12)(ii) and (e)(7)(ii) to 
read as follows: 
§ 160.010–3 Inflatable buoyant apparatus. 
(a) * * * 
(12) * * * (ii) Knives. One knife, of a type 
designed to minimize the chance of 
damage to the inflatable buoyant apparatus and secured with a lanyard ready for use near the painter attachment. Any knife may be replaced with a jackknife meeting the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(16). In addition, an inflatable buoyant apparatus that is permitted to accommodate 13 persons or more must be provided with a second knife that is of the non-folding type; 
* * * * * 
(e) * * * 
(7) * * * (ii) First-aid kit. A first-aid kit as 
described in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(10); 
* * * * * 
Subpart 160.013 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■5. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.013, consisting of §§ 160.013–1 through 160.013–5. Subpart 160.026 [Removed and Reserved] 
■6. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.026, consisting of §§ 160.026–1 through 160.026–7. 
Subpart 160.041 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■7. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.041, consisting of §§ 160.041–1 through 160.041–6. 
Subpart 160.043 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■8. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.043, consisting of §§ 160.043–1 through 106.043–6. 
Subpart 160.044 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■9. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.044, consisting of §§ 160.044–1 through 160.044–5. 
■10. Add subpart 160.046, consisting of 
§§ 160.046–1 through 160.046–11, to read as follows: 
Subpart 160.046—Emergency Provisions 
Sec. 
160.046–1 Scope. 106.046–3 Incorporation by reference. 160.046–5 General requirements for 
emergency provisions. 
160.046–7 Independent laboratory. 160.046–9 Manufacturer certification and 
labeling. 
160.046–11 Manufacturer notification. 
§ 160.046–1 Scope. 
This subpart applies to emergency 
provisions approved to be carried in 
lifeboats and liferafts, in accordance with 46 CFR 199.175(b)(22). 
§ 160.046–3 Incorporation by reference. 
(a) Certain material is incorporated by 
reference into this subpart with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for inspection at the Coast Guard Headquarters. Contact the Coast Guard at: Commandant (CG–ENG–4), U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20593–7509; email: typeapproval@uscg.mil; website: www.dco.uscg.mil/ 
CG-ENG-4/. It is also available for 
inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email fr.inspection@nara.gov; website: www.archives.gov/ 
federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. All approved material is available from the source(s) listed in this section. 
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(b) International Organization for 
Standardization (ISO), Chemin de 
Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland; phone: +41 22 749 01 11; email: central@iso.org; web: 
www.iso.org. 
(1) ISO 18813:2006(E), Ships and 
marine technology—Survival equipment for survival craft and rescue boats, First edition, April 1, 2006; IBR approved for §§ 160.046–5; 160.046–7; 160.046–11. 
(2) [Reserved] 
§ 160.046–5 General requirements for 
emergency provisions. 
Emergency provisions must meet the 
requirements found in ISO 
18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.31 (incorporated by reference, see § 160.046–3). 
§ 160.046–7 Independent laboratory. 
Unless the Commandant directs 
otherwise, an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR part 159, subpart 159.010, must perform or witness, as appropriate, inspections, tests, and oversight required by ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.31 (incorporated by reference, see § 160.046–3). Approval and production tests of emergency provisions must be carried out in accordance with the procedures for independent laboratory inspections in 46 CFR part 159, subpart 159.007, and in this section unless the Commandant authorizes alternative tests and inspections. The Commandant may prescribe additional production tests and inspections necessary to maintain quality control and to monitor compliance with the requirements of this subpart. 
§ 160.046–9 Manufacturer certification and 
labeling. 
(a) Each provision must be certified 
by the manufacturer as complying with 
the requirements of this subpart. 
(b) The container should be clearly 
and permanently marked with: 
(1) The name and address of the 
approval holder; 
(2) The U.S. Coast Guard Approval 
number; 
(3) The total food energy value of 
provisions in the container in calories and kiloJoules; 
(4) The lot number; 
(5) The month and year the provision 
was packed; and 
(6) The month and year of expiration 
(5 years after the date of packing). 
(c) The emergency provision must 
include waterproof instructions for use, 
assuming consumption of 3350 kiloJoules per person per day. § 160.046–11 Manufacturer notification. 
(a) Each manufacturer of emergency 
provisions approved in accordance with the specifications of this subpart must send a test report required by ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.31.2 (incorporated by reference, see § 160.046–3) to the Commandant (CG– ENG–4), U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20593–7509 or email typeapproval@uscg.mil: 
(1) With the application for approval; 
(2) Every year as long as the 
manufacturer continues to produce 
provisions; and 
(3) Each time the contents of the 
emergency provisions change. 
(b) [Reserved] 
■11. Amend § 160.051–11 by revising 
paragraph (b) to read as follows: 
§ 160.051–11 Equipment required for 
Coastal Service inflatable liferafts. 
* * * * * 
(b) Knife. One knife, of a type 
designed to minimize the chance of 
damage to the inflatable liferaft and secured with a lanyard. In addition, an inflatable liferaft that is permitted to accommodate 13 persons or more must be provided with a second knife that is of the non-folding type. Any knife may be replaced with a jackknife meeting the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(16). 
Subpart 160.054 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■12. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.054, consisting of §§ 160.054–1 through 106.054–7. 
Subpart 160.061 [Removed and 
Reserved] 
■13. Remove and reserve subpart 
160.061, consisting of §§ 160.061–1 through 106.061–5. 
■14. Amend § 160.135–7 by revising 
paragraph (b)(23) to read as follows: 
§ 160.135–7 Design, construction, and 
performance of lifeboats. 
* * * * * 
(b) * * * 
(23) Bilge pump. Each lifeboat that is 
not automatically self-bailing must be 
fitted with a manual bilge pump that meets the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(2). Each such lifeboat with a capacity of 100 persons or more must carry an additional manual bilge pump or an engine-powered bilge pump. 
* * * * * 
■15. Amend § 160.151–21 by revising 
paragraphs (b), (h), (o), and (q) through 
(s) as follows: § 160.151–21 Equipment required for 
SOLAS A and SOLAS B inflatable liferafts. 
* * * * * 
(b) Jackknife (IMO LSA Code, as 
amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), 
Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.2). Each folding knife must be a jackknife meeting the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(16). 
* * * * * 
(h) First-aid kit (IMO LSA Code, as 
amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), 
Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.8). Each first-aid kit must meet the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(10). 
* * * * * 
(o) Signalling mirror (IMO LSA Code, 
as amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), 
Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.15). Each signalling mirror must meet the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(19). 
* * * * * 
(q) Fishing tackle (IMO LSA Code, as 
amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), 
Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.17). The fishing tackle must meet the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(11). 
(r) Food rations (IMO LSA Code, as 
amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.18). The food rations must meet the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(22). 
(s) Drinking water (IMO LSA Code, as 
amended by Resolution MSC.293(87), Chapter IV/4.1.5.1.19). Emergency drinking water must meet the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(40). The desalting apparatus or reverse osmosis desalinator must be approved by the Commandant under approval series 160.058. 
* * * * * 
■16. Amend § 160.156–7 by revising 
paragraph (b)(22) to read as follows: 
§ 160.156–7 Design, construction and 
performance of rescue boats and fast rescue boats. 
* * * * * 
(b) * * * 
(22) Manual bilge pump. Each rescue 
boat that is not automatically self- 
bailing must be fitted with a manual bilge pump that meets the requirements in 46 CFR 199.175(b)(2), or an engine- powered bilge pump. 
* * * * * 
PART 169—SAILING SCHOOL 
VESSELS 
■17. The authority citation for part 169 
is revised to read as follows: 
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j); 46 U.S.C. 
3306, 6101; E.O. 11735, 38 FR 21243, 3 CFR, 
1971–1975 Comp., p. 793; DHS Delegation 00170.1, Revision No. 01.2; § 169.117 also issued under the authority of 44 U.S.C. 3507. 
■18. Amend § 169.115 by revising 
paragraphs (a) and (e) to read as follows: 
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§ 169.115 Incorporation by reference. 
(a) Certain material is incorporated by 
reference into this part with the 
approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for inspection at the Coast Guard Headquarters and at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Contact the Coast Guard at: Commandant (CG–ENG– 4), U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20593–7509; email: typeapproval@uscg.mil; website: 
www.dco.uscg.mil/CG–ENG–4/. For 
information on the availability of this material at NARA, email: fr.inspection@nara.gov; website: www.archives.gov/ 
federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The material may be obtained from the source(s) in the following paragraph(s) of this section. 
* * * * * 
(e) The Textile Color Card Association 
of the United States, Inc. 200 Madison 
Avenue, New York. (For availability of this material, contact the Coast Guard— see paragraph (a) of this section.) 
(1) Cable No. 70072, Standard Color 
Card of America, Ninth edition, 1941 for § 169.529(b). 
(2) [Reserved] 
* * * * * ■19. Revise § 169.527 to read as 
follows: 
§ 169.527 Required equipment for 
lifeboats. 
(a) All lifeboats must be equipped in 
accordance with table 1 to 46 CFR 
199.175 except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. 
(b) The following equipment must be 
carried in addition to the equipment required under 46 CFR 199.175: 
(1) Cover; 
(2) Ditty bag; and (3) Mast and sail. (c) If operating on protected waters, 
lifeboat equipment need only to consist 
of the following: 
(1) Boathook—(1); 
(2) Bucket—(1); (3) Fire extinguisher—(2) U.S. Coast 
Guard-approved Type B:C (motor 
propelled lifeboats only); 
(4) Hatch—(1); 
(5) Lifeline—(1); (6) Oar unit—(1); (7) Painter—(1); (8) Plug—(1); (9) Oarlock unit—(1); and (10) Toolkit (motor propelled lifeboats 
only). 
■20. Revise § 169.529 to read as 
follows: 
§ 169.529 Description of lifeboat 
equipment. 
(a) All lifeboat equipment must meet 
the requirements under 46 CFR 199.175, except as provided in paragraph (b) of 
this section. 
(b) The following equipment, carried 
in addition to the equipment required under 46 CFR 199.175, must meet the following requirements: 
(1) Cover, protecting. The cover must 
be of highly visible color and capable of protecting the occupants against exposure. A cover is not required for fully enclosed lifeboats. 
(2) Ditty bag. The ditty bag must 
consist of a canvas bag or equivalent and must contain a sailmaker’s palm, needles, sail twine, marline, and marlin spike, except that motor-propelled lifeboats need not carry a ditty bag. 
(3) Mast and sail. A unit, consisting 
of a standing lug sail together with the necessary spars and rigging, must be provided in accordance with table 1 to this section, except that motor-propelled lifeboats need not carry a mast or sails. The sails must be of good quality canvas, or other material acceptable to the Commandant, colored Indian Orange (Cable No. 70072, Standard Color Card of America; incorporated by reference, see § 169.115). Rigging must consist of galvanized wire rope not less than 
3⁄16-inch in diameter. The mast and 
sail must be protected by a suitable cover. 
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Length of lifeboat, feet Standing lug sail 
Commercial 
designation 
number Mast1 Yard1 
Over— Not over— Area, 
square feet Luff and head 
lengths Leach length Foot length Clew to throat Ounces per 
square yard Length 
Diameter, 
inches Length 
Diameter, 
inches 
Feet Inches Feet Inches Feet Inches Feet Inches Feet Inches Feet Inches 
........ 17 58 5 11 12 1 8 10 10 10 14.35 10 11 2 3 6 11 2 
17 ........ 19 74 6 8 13 8 10 0 12 2 14.35 10 12 6 3 7 8 2 
19 ........ 21 93 7 5 15 1 11 2 13 8 14.35 10 13 10 31⁄2 8 5 21⁄2 
21 ........ 23 113 8 3 16 11 12 4 15 1 14.35 10 15 2 31⁄2 9 3 21⁄2 
23 ........ 25 135 9 0 18 6 13 6 16 6 14.35 10 16 6 4 10 0 3 
25 ........ 27 158 9 9 20 0 14 7 17 10 17.50 8 17 10 4 10 9 3 
27 ........ 29 181 10 5 21 5 15 7 19 1 17.50 8 19 2 41⁄2 11 5 31⁄4 
29 ........ 31 203 11 0 22 8 16 6 20 3 20.74 6 20 6 41⁄2 12 0 31⁄4 
312...... .................... .................... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ .................... .................... ............ ............ .................... ............ ............ ....................
1Mast lengths measured from heel to center of upper halyard sheave. Mast diameters measured at thwart. Mast and yard shall be of clear-grained spruce, fir, or equivalent. 
2Subject to special consideration. 
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PART 184—VESSEL CONTROL AND 
MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 
■21. The authority citation for part 184 
is revised to read as follows: 
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306; E.O. 
12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 
277; DHS Delegation 00170.1, Revision No. 01.2. 
■22. Revise § 184.710 to read as 
follows: 
§ 184.710 First-aid kits. 
A vessel must carry either a first-aid 
kit that meets the requirements in 46 
CFR 199.175(b)(10) or a kit with equivalent contents and instructions. For equivalent kits, the contents must be stowed in a suitable, watertight container that is marked ‘‘First-Aid Kit’’. A first-aid kit must be easily visible and readily available to the crew. 
PART 199—LIFESAVING SYSTEMS 
FOR CERTAIN INSPECTED VESSELS 
■23. The authority citation for part 199 
is revised to read as follows: 
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3103, 3306, and 
3703; and DHS Delegation 00170.1, Revision 
No. 01.2, paragraph (II)(92)(b). 
■24. Revise § 199.05 to read as follows: 
§ 199.05 Incorporation by reference. 
Certain material is incorporated by 
reference in this part with the approval 
of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for inspection at the Coast Guard Headquarters and at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Contact the Coast Guard at: Commandant (CG–ENG– 4), U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20593–7509, email typeapproval@uscg.mil or visit https://
www.dco.uscg.mil/CG-ENG-4/. It is also 
available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email: fr.inspection@nara.gov or go to 
www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The material may be 
obtained from the following source(s): 
(a) ASTM International (ASTM). 100 
Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959; phone: (610) 832 9500; email service@astm.org; web: www.astm.org. 
(1) ASTM D 93–97, Standard Test 
Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky- Martens Closed Cup Tester, approved July 10, 1997; IBR approved for §§ 199.261; 199.290. (2) ASTM F1003–02 (Reapproved 
2007), Standard Specification for Searchlights on Motor Lifeboats, approved May 1, 2007; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
(3) ASTM F1014–02 (Reapproved 
2007), Standard Specification for Flashlights on Vessels, approved May 1, 2007; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
(b) International Maritime 
Organization (IMO). Publications Section, 4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR, United Kingdom; phone: +44 (0)20 7735 7611; email: info@imo.org; web: www.imo.org. 
(1) IBC Code, International Code for 
the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk, 2016 edition, copyright 2016, Chapter 2 Ship survival capability and location of cargo tanks; IBR approved for § 199.280. 
(2) IBC Code, International Code for 
the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk, 2016 edition, copyright 2016, Chapter 17 Summary of minimum requirements; IBR approved for § 199.30. 
(3) MSC Circular 699, Revised 
Guidelines for Passenger Safety Instructions, issued July 17, 1995, IBR approved for § 199.217. 
(4) Resolution A.520(13), Code of 
Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype Novel Life- saving Appliances and Arrangements, adopted November 17, 1983; IBR approved for § 199.40. 
(5) Resolution A.657(16), Instructions 
for Action in Survival Craft, adopted October 19, 1989; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
(6) Resolution A.658(16), Use and 
Fitting of Retro-reflective Materials on Life-saving Appliances, adopted October 19, 1989; IBR approved for §§ 199.70; 199.176. 
(7) Resolution A.760(18), Symbols 
Related to Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements, adopted November 4, 1993, IBR approved for §§ 199.70; 199.90. 
(8) Resolution MSC.370(93), 
Amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, (IGC Code), adopted May 22, 2014; IBR approved for §§ 199.30; 199.280. 
(c) International Standard 
Organization (ISO). Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland; phone: +41 22 749 01 11; email: central@iso.org; web: 
www.iso.org. 
(1) ISO 17339:2018(E), Ships and 
marine technology—Life saving and fire protection—Sea anchors for survival craft and rescue boats, Second edition, 
July 2018; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
(2) ISO 18813:2006(E), Ships and 
marine technology—Survival equipment for survival craft and rescue boats, First edition, April 1, 2006; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
(3) ISO 25862:2009(E), Ships and 
marine technology—Marine magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices, First edition, May 15, 2009; IBR approved for § 199.175. 
§ 199.30 [Amended] 
■25. Amend § 199.30 in the definition 
for ‘‘Toxic vapor or gas’’ as follows: 
■a. Remove the text ‘‘IBC Code’’ and 
add, in its place, the text ‘‘IBC Code; incorporated by reference, see § 199.05’’; and 
■b. Remove the text ‘‘IGC Code’’ and 
add, in its place, the text ‘‘IGC Code; incorporated by reference, see § 199.05’’. 
■26. Amend § 199.175 as follows: 
■a. In paragraph (a)(4), remove the 
word ‘‘and’’; 
■b. Redesignate paragraph (a)(5) as 
paragraph (a)(6); 
■c. Add new paragraph (a)(5); 
■d. In the introductory text to 
paragraph (b), remove the text ‘‘table 199.175 of this section’’ and add, in its place, the text ‘‘table 1 to this section’’; 
■e. Revise the introductory text to 
paragraph (b)(2), paragraphs (b)(5), (6), 
(9) through (13), (16), (17), and (19), and (b)(27)(i); 
■f. In paragraph (b)(28)(i), remove the 
text ‘‘F 1003’’ and add, in its place, the text ‘‘F1003’’; 
■g. Revise paragraph (b)(40) 
introductory text; 
■h. Redesignate paragraphs (b)(40)(i) 
and (ii) as paragraphs (b)(40)(iii) and (iv); 
■i. Add new paragraphs (b)(40)(i) and 
(ii); 
■j. In newly-redesignated paragraph 
(b)(40)(iv), remove the words ‘‘reverse osmosis’’ and add, in their place, the text ‘‘reverse-osmosis’’; 
■k. Add paragraph (c) immediately 
before table 199.175; 
■l. Designate table 199.175 as table 1 to 
§ 199.175; 
■m. In newly-designated table 1 to 
§ 199.175, revise entries 5 and 17; and 
■n. Add footnote 11 to the footnotes 
following table 1 to § 199.175. 
The revisions and additions read as 
follows: 
§ 199.175 Survival craft and rescue boat 
equipment. 
(a) * * * 
(5) Must be marked with either the 
Coast Guard approval number or the 
standard that the product meets, as applicable; and 
* * * * * 
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(b) * * * 
(2) Bilge pump. The bilge pump must 
meet the requirements in ISO 
18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.3 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05) and must be installed in a ready-to-use condition. 
* * * * * 
(5) Can opener. A can opener must 
meet the requirements in ISO 
18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.43 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). A can opener may be in a jackknife meeting the requirements in paragraph (b)(16) of this section. 
(6) Compass. The compass and its 
mounting arrangement must meet the requirements in ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.6 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
(i) In a totally enclosed lifeboat, the 
compass must be permanently fitted at the steering position; in any other boat it must be provided with a binnacle, if necessary, to protect it from the weather, and with suitable mounting arrangements. 
(ii) The compass must be tested in 
accordance with the provisions in ISO 25862:2009(E) Annex H (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05) by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard in accordance with part 159, subpart 159.010, of this chapter. 
* * * * * 
(9) Fire extinguisher. The fire 
extinguisher must be approved under 
approval series 162.028. The fire extinguisher must have a rating of a 40– B:C. Two 10–B:C extinguishers may be carried in place of a 40–B:C extinguisher. Extinguishers with larger numerical ratings or multiple letter designations may be used instead. 
(10) First-aid kit. Each first-aid kit 
must meet the requirements in ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.12 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
(i) A first-aid kit may be considered 
acceptable if it meets all of the requirements of ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.12, except that it does not contain the burn preparations. It must be clearly marked on the first-aid kit that it does not include the burn preparations. 
(ii) The active ingredients in 
medicinal products must conform to over-the-counter (OTC) drug regulations set out in 21 CFR part 330. 
(11) Fishing kit. The fishing kit must 
meet the requirements in ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.13 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
(12) Flashlight. The flashlight must be 
a type I or type III that is constructed and marked in accordance with ASTM F1014 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). One spare set of batteries and one spare bulb, stored in a watertight container, must be provided for each flashlight. 
(13) Hatchet. The hatchet must be 
suitable for cutting a rope towline or painter in an emergency and must not require assembly or unfolding. 
(i) The hatchet must be at least 14 
inches in length and have a cutting edge of approximately 3
1⁄4inches in length, 
with a hardened steel or equivalent alloy head. 
(ii) The hatchet must be provided a 
lanyard at least 3 feet in length. 
(iii) The hatchet must be stowed in 
brackets near the release mechanism and, if more than one hatchet is carried, the hatchets must be stowed at opposite ends of the boat. 
* * * * * 
(16) Jackknife. The jackknife must 
consist of a one-bladed knife fitted with 
a can opener and attached to the boat by its lanyard. The jackknife must meet the requirements in ISO 18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.19 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
(17) Knife. The knife must be of the 
non-folding type with a buoyant handle as follows: 
(i) The knife for a rigid liferaft must 
be secured to the raft by a lanyard and stowed in a pocket on the exterior of the canopy near the point where the painter is attached to the liferaft. If an approved jackknife is substituted for the second knife required on a liferaft equipped for 13 or more persons, the jackknife must also be secured to the liferaft by a lanyard. 
(ii) The knife in an inflatable or rigid- 
inflatable rescue boat must be of a type designed to minimize the possibility of damage to the fabric portions of the hull. 
(iii) Any knife may be replaced with 
a jackknife meeting the requirements in paragraph (b)(16) of this section. 
* * * * * 
(19) Mirror. The signalling mirror 
must meet the requirements in ISO 
18813:2006(E) paragraph 4.23 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
* * * * * 
(27) * * * 
(i) The sea anchor for a lifeboat, 
rescue boat, and rigid liferaft must meet 
the requirements in ISO 17339:2018(E) (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
* * * * * 
(40) Water. The water must meet the 
requirements in ISO 18813:2006(E) 
paragraph 4.46 (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05). 
(i) The water must meet the U.S. 
Public Health Service ‘‘Drinking Water Standards’’ in 40 CFR part 141 to suitably protect the container against corrosion. After treatment and packing, the water must be free from organic matter, sediment, and odor. It must have a pH between 7.0 and 9.0 as determined by means of a standard pH meter using glass electrodes. Water quality must be verified by the local municipality or independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard in accordance with part 159, subpart 159.010, of this chapter. 
(ii) Containers of emergency drinking 
water must be tested in accordance with the provisions in ISO 18813:2006(E) by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard in accordance with part 159, subpart 159.010, of this chapter. 
* * * * * 
(c) Any Coast Guard-approved 
equipment on board before December 
14, 2022 may remain on board as long as it remains in good and serviceable condition. 
TABLE 1 TO§ 199.175—S URVIVAL CRAFT EQUIPMENT  
Item No. Item International voyage Short international voyage 
Lifeboat Rigid 
liferaft 
(SOLAS A 
pack) Rescue boat Lifeboat Rigid 
liferaft 
(SOLAS B 
pack) Rescue boat 
*******  
5 .................. Can opener11.................. 3 3 ........................ 3 ........................ ........................
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TABLE 1 TO§ 199.175—S URVIVAL CRAFT EQUIPMENT —Continued 
Item No. Item International voyage Short international voyage 
Lifeboat Rigid 
liferaft 
(SOLAS A 
pack) Rescue boat Lifeboat Rigid 
liferaft 
(SOLAS B 
pack) Rescue boat 
*******  
17 ................ Knife141 1 ........................ 1 1 1 1 1 1 
*******  
Notes: 
1Each liferaft equipped for 13 persons or more must carry two of these items. 
*****  
4A hatchet counts towards this requirement in rigid rescue boats. 
*****  
11One (1) jackknife may replace one (1) can opener and one (1) knife. 
§ 199.280 [Amended] 
■27. Amend § 199.280 in paragraphs 
(e)(2) and (3) by removing the words ‘‘in Bulk’’ and adding, in their place, the 
text ‘‘in Bulk (incorporated by reference, see § 199.05)’’. Dated: October 26, 2022. 
W.R. Arguin, 
Rear Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard, Assistant 
Commandant for Prevention Policy. 
[FR Doc. 2022–23666 Filed 11–10–22; 8:45 am] 
BILLING CODE 9110–04–P 
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