FDEAS 158: 2019 
ICS 75.160.20  
 
© EAC 2019                                                                                                                          Third Edition 2019 
 FINAL DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Automotive gasoline (premium motor spirit)  — Specification  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  FDEAS 158: 2019 
ii © EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a l icensing agreement.  
Violators may be prosecuted . FDEAS 158: 2019 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  iii 
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged tha t through 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged 
within the C ommunity will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee  (EASC)  mandated to develop and 
issue Eas t African Standards  (EAS) . The Committee is composed of representatives of the National 
Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations  in the community . 
East African Standards are deve loped through  Technical Committees that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National St andards Bodies in the 
Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in 
accordance with the Principles and procedures for develop ment of East African Standards.  
East African Standards are subject to r eview, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing . 
The committee responsible for this document is Technical  Committee EASC/TC 0 68, Petroleum and 
petroleum products  
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent 
rights. EAC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.  
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition ( EAS 158: 2012), which has been technically 
revised.  
 FINAL DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  FDEAS 158: 2019 
 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  1 
 Automotive gasoline (premium motor spirit)  — Specification  
1 Scope  
This Final  Draft East African Standard specifies requirements and  sampling and  test methods  for automotive 
gasoline, Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), also commonly known as petrol, for use in spark ignition engines, 
including those equipped with devices to reduce emitted pollutants.  
The standard applies to PMS as manufactured, stored, t ransported and marketed.  
2 Normative references  
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this document.  For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated  references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
ASTM D86, Standard test method for distillation of petroleum products at atmospheric pressure  
ASTM D130, Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe troleum Products by Copper Strip 
Test 
ASTM D323, Standard test method for vapour pressure of petroleum products (Reid Method)  
ASTM D381, Standard Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation  
ASTM D525, Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stabilit y of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)  
ASTM D1298, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and 
Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method  
ASTM D1319, Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Pe troleum Products by Fluorescent 
Indicator Adsorption  
ASTM D2622, Standard Test Method for Sulphur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X -ray 
Fluorescence Spectrometry  
ASTM D2699, Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark -Ignition E ngine Fuel  
ASTM D2700, Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark -Ignition Engine Fuel  
ASTM D3227, Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulphur in Gasoline, Kerosene, Aviation Turbine, 
and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)  
ASTM D323 7, Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy  
ASTM D4052, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital 
Density Meter  
 FDEAS 158: 2019 
2 © EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  
 ASTM D 4294 , Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum an d Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive 
X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry  
ASTM D4952, Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulphur Species in Fuels and Solvents 
(Doctor Test)  
ASTM D5191, Standard Test Method for vapour pressure of petro leum products (Mini method)  
ASTM D5443, Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in 
Petroleum Distillates Through 200°C by Multi -Dimensional Gas Chromatography  
ASTM D5453 , Standard Test Method for Determination o f Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition 
Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence  
ASTM D5580, Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m -Xylene, o -
Xylene, C 9 and Heavier Arom atics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography  
ASTM D5599, Standard Test Method for determination of oxygenates in gasoline by gas chromatography and 
oxygen selective flame ionization detection  
EN 237, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of low lead concentrations by atomic absorption 
spectrometry  
EN 238, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of the benzene content by infrared 
spectrometry  
EN 1601, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded petrol — Determination  of organic oxygenate compounds 
and total oxygen content by gas chromatography (O -FID) 
EN 12177, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded Petrol — Determination of benzene content by gas 
chromatography  
EN 13016 -1, Liquid petroleum products — Vapour pressure — Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour 
pressure (ASVP)  
EN 13132, Liquid petroleum products — Unleaded petrol — Determination of organic oxygenate compounds 
and total organically bound oxygen content by gas chromatography using column switching  
EN 24 260, Petroleum products and hydrocarbons — Determination of Sulphur content — Wickbold 
combustion method  
IP 30, Detection of mercaptans, hydrogen sulphide, elemental sulphur and peroxides — Doctor test method  
IP 40, Petroleum products — Determination of ox idation stability of gasoline — Induction period method  
IP 123, Petroleum products — Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure  
IP 154, Petroleum products — Corrosiveness to copper — Copper strip test  
IP 336, Petroleum products — Determination of sulphur content — Energy -dispersive -X-ray fluorescence 
method  
IP 352, Determination of the lead content of automotive gasoline — Energy -dispersive x -ray fluorescence 
spectrometry method  
IP 428, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determi nation of low lead concentrations by atomic absorption 
spectrometry  
IP 429, Liquid petroleum products — Petrol — Determination of the benzene content by infrared spectrometry  FDEAS 158: 2019 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  3 
 ISO 1998, Petroleum industry — Terminology (all parts)  
ISO 2160, Petroleum produc ts — Corrosiveness to copper — Copper strip test  
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling  
ISO 3171,  Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling  
ISO 3405, Petroleum products — Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure  
ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products — Laboratory determination of density — 
Hydrometer method  
ISO 4259, Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test  
ISO 5163, Petroleum products — Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels — Motor 
method  
ISO 5164, Petroleum products — Determination of knock characteristics of motor fuels — Research method  
ISO 6246, Petroleum products — Gum content of light and middle distillate fuels — Jet evaporation method  
ISO 7536, Gasoline — Determination of oxidation stability of gasoline — Induction period method  
ISO 8754, Petroleum products — Determination of sulphur content — Energy -dispersive X -ray fluorescence 
spectrometry  
ISO 20847, Petroleum products — Determination of sulphur content of automotive fuels — Energy -dispersive 
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998 and the following apply.  
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp . 
3.1 
additive  
material added to PMS, usually in smal l amounts, to impart or enhance desirable properties or to suppress 
undesirable properties  
3.2 
marketable  
distinct, acceptable smell for safe handling  
3.3 
marker  
substances added to petroleum based products for traceability to protect them against theft or  adulteration 
and also to distinguish between different fuels  
3.4 
dye 
chemical added to fuel for visual identification  FDEAS 158: 2019 
4 © EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  
 4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
Automotive gasoline shall have ; 
a) a marketable odour, and  
b) an appearance that is clear, bright  and free from suspended particles on visual inspection.  
4.2 Specific quality requirements  
Automotive gasoline shall comply with the limits specified in Table 1, when tested in accordance with the test 
methods listed therein.  
Table 1 — Specific quality req uirements for automotive gasoline  
S/No.  Property  Requirement  Test method  
Min. Max.  
i) Research octane number (RON ) 93 – ISO 5164  
ASTM D2699  
ii) Motor octane number  (MON ) 83 – ISO 5163  
ASTM D2700  
iii) Lead content, ppm  – 5 EN 237  
ASTM D3237  
IP 428  
 IP 352  
iv) Benzene content, % v/v  – 1.0 EN 238  
IP 429  
EN 12177  
ASTM D4420  
v) Total aromatics, % v/v  – 42 ASTM D1319  
ASTM D5580  
ASTM D5443  
vi) Density (at 20 ºC), kg/m3 716 771 ISO 3675  
ASTM D4052  
ASTM D1298  vii) Density (at 15 ºC), kg/m3 720 775 
viii) Sulphur content, ppm  – 50 EN 24260  
ISO 8754  
ASTM D 4294   
ASTM D 5453  
ix) Manganese, ppm  – 2.0 ASTM D2622/IP 336  
ISO 20847  
ASTM D3831  
x) Oxidation stability, min . 360 – ISO 7536/IP 40  FDEAS 158: 2019 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  5 
 S/No.  Property  Requirement  Test method  
Min. Max.  
ASTM D525  
xi) Existent gum content  (solvent  
washed), mg/ 100 ml  – 5 ISO 6246  
ASTM D381  
xii) Copper strip corrosion (3 h at 50 
°C), rating  – No.1 strip  ISO 2160/IP 154  
ASTM D130  
xiii) Mercaptan sulphur, %, m/m – 0.001 ASTM D3227  
xiv) Oxygenates , % v/v  Nil Nil EN 1601  
EN 13132  
ASTM D5599  
xv) RVP at 37.8 ºC , kPa  – 65 ASTM D323  
ASTM D5191  
EN 13016 -1 
xvii) FVI b) – 93  See table footnote b) 
xviii) Distillation  
a) Temperature, °C for:  
 Initial boiling point   
 
To be reported  
ASTM D86  
IP 123    10 % volume fraction 
evaporated  – 71 
  50 % volume fraction 
evap orated  77 115 
  90 % volume fraction 
evaporated  – 180 
  Final boiling point, °C  – 210 
 b) Residue, % volume fraction  – 2.0 
 c) Evaporated to 70 °C (E70), % 
volume fraction  To be reported  
xix) Doctor test a To be reported  ASTM D4952  
IP 30  
xx) Colou r Red Visual inspection  
a)  If negative, no need to carry out Mercaptan sulphur test.  
b)  The flexible volatility index (FVI) is an additional parameter which characterizes the volatility properties of 
petrol, and is calculated using the formula  
FVI = RVP  + 0.7 E70  
where  
RVP is the Reid vapour pressure, in kilopascals; and  
E70   is the percentage volume fraction of petrol, evaporated to 70 °C.  
5 Dyes and markers  
5.1 The use of dyes and markers is allowed.  FDEAS 158: 2019 
6 © EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  
 5.2 The dye content shall be reported and shall no t alter any parameters of PMS out of the specified range 
as indicated under Table 1.  
6 Additives  
In order to improve the fuel performance, the use of additives is allowed. Fuel additives without known harmful 
side effects are recommended in the appropriate  amount to avoid deterioration of driveability and emissions 
control durability.  
7 Precision and dispute  
7.1 All test methods referred to in this East African Standard include a precision statement. In cases of  
dispute, the procedures for resolving the dis pute and interpretation of the results based on test method 
precision, described in ISO 4259, ASTM D 3244 and IP 377 shall be used.  
7.2 In cases of dispute:  
a) concerning sulphur, ISO 20847 is unsuitable as an arbitration method;  
b) concerning benzene content, E N 12177 shall be used;  
c) concerning oxygen and oxygenates content, EN 1601 shall be used; and  
d) concerning density, ISO 3675 shall be used.  
8 Packing and marking  
8.1 Packing  
8.1.1  The condition of the containers, rail tankers and road tank vehicles shall be su ch as not to be detrimental 
to the quality of the fuel during normal transportation and storage.  
8.1.2  The containers shall be acceptably sealed or leak proof, clean, and free from materials soluble in 
gasoline.  
8.2 Marking  
8.2.1  The following information  shall appear in legible and indelible marking on each drum or in the case of  
petrol filled into bulk storage tanks, in the storage and consignment documents of each road tanker or rail tank 
wagon:  
a) the supplier’s name or brand name or trade mark; and recei ver’s name;  
b) the words, “UNLEADED PETROL” or “UNLEADED GASOLINE” , or “UNLEADED MOGAS”;  
c) the batch/lot number;  
d) the quantity in litres or metric tonnes;  
e) the words  ”FLAMMABLE MATERIALS”; and  
f) the warning , “DANGER PETROL” or “DANGER UNLEADED GASOLINE ”, or “DANGER  UNLEADED 
MOGAS”  FDEAS 158: 2019 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  7 
 8.2.2  Stickers shall be used in labelling in case of vehicles, which have compartments and transport more  
than one type of fuel.  
8.2.3  Information to be marked on dispensing pumps used for delivering PMS, and the dimensions of the  
mark sha ll be in accordance with the requirements of the relevant weights and measures regulations for each 
member state for the marking of pumps for unleaded petrol.  
9 Sampling  
9.1 Sampling from storage tanks  
Sampling from storage tanks shall be carried out in ac cordance with relevant procedures of ISO 3170 and ISO 
3171 . 
9.2 Sampling from petrol pumps  
9.2.1 General  
The construction of the cans shall comply with the appropriate safety requirements for cans that are to hold 
highly flammable materials. They shall be provided with screw caps incorporating a petroleum resistant 
washer in good condition. A stock of cans shall be kept solely for the purpose of taking gasoline samples.  
9.2.2 Sampling cans  
Sampling cans shall be of 1 -L capacity.  
9.2.3 Preparation of cans  
New cans shall be rinsed with gasoline before being used, to remove any residual traces of oil left during 
manufacturing operations or previous sampling, and then allowed to dry. Before use, all cans shall be checked 
to ensure that they are sound and free fr om leaks.  
9.2.4 Sampling procedure  
From the pump nozzle, 1 L gasoline shall be drawn carefully into a cool 1 -L can using a clean dry funnel. 
Immediately afterwards, this sample shall be decanted carefully into the requisite number of 5 -L can, using a 
funne l, filling the cans within 5 mm of the brim.  
If more than 1 L is needed, the operation shall be repeated immediately and before the pump has been used 
for any other purpose. The screw caps shall be tightened fully and the cans checked to ensure that there are 
no leaks. The sampling procedure shall not be carried out in direct sunlight.  
NOTE 1  If carried out in direct sunlight, changes in fuel quality, especially octane level, may occur . 
NOTE 2  A quantity of 1 L is sufficient for the determination of octane  number and certain other tests, but it is advisable 
to provide each laboratory with 2 L of sample in case further work is needed; it is essential that these 2 L be of identical 
material.  
9.2.5 Storage, labelling and transport  
Samples shall be kept in a co ol place although it is not necessary to keep them refrigerated. If left in direct 
sunlight there is a danger that the cans will balloon. Full and legible information relating to the source of the 
sample shall be attached to the can in such a manner that i t will not easily become detached subsequently.  
NOTE 1  If required, the sample may be sealed and labelled to maintain its legal integrity.  FDEAS 158: 2019 
8 © EAC 2019 – All rights reserved  
 NOTE 2  If the sample has to be sent to a laboratory by public transport, it will be necessary to comply with the gen eral 
regulations covering transportation of flammable materials and with the requirements of the transport regulations of 
petroleum products.  FDEAS 158: 2019 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved  9 
 Bibliography  
[1] ASTM D 1613, Standard test method for acidity in volatile solvents and chemical intermediates us ed in 
paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products  
[2] ASTM D4953, Standard test method for vapour pressure of gasoline and gasoline -oxygenate blends 
(dry method)  
[3] BS EN 228:2017 Automotive fuels — Unleaded petrol — Requirements and test methods  
[4] EAS 158: 2012, Automotive gasoline (premium motor spirit) — Specification  
[5] EN 14517, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in petrol 
— Multidimensional gas chromatography method  
[6] ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and pe troleum products — Determination of density — Oscillating U -tube 
method  
[7] ISO 20884, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Wavelength -
dispersive X -ray fluorescence spectrometry  
[8] ISO 20846, Petroleum products — Dete rmination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Ultraviolet 
fluorescence method  
[9] SANS 1598:2006, Unleaded petrol  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
. FDEAS 158: 2019   
 
© EAC 2019 – All rights  reserved