WT/TPR/M/423  
18 May 2022 
(22-3803) Page: 1/55 
Trade Policy Review Body  
22 and 24 March 2022   
 
  
TRADE POLICY REVIEW  
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES  
MINUTES OF THE MEETING  
Chairperson: H.E. Mr Ángel Villalobos Rodríguez  
CONTENTS  
 
1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .......................  2 
2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES  ..... 4 
3  STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  ................................ ................................ ................  6 
4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  ................................ ................................ ..........................  8 
5  REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED  ARAB  EMIRATES AND 
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS  ................................ ................................ ...............................  49 
6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .........................  54 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note: Advance written questions and additional questions by WTO Members, and the replies provided 
by the United Arab Emirates  are reproduced in document WT/TPR/M/ 423/Add.1  and will be available 
online at http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp_rep_e.h tm. WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
1.1.  The fourth  Trade Policy Review of the United  Arab Emirates was held on 22 and 24  March  2022. 
The Chairperson, H.E. Mr  Ángel  Villalobos Rodríguez (Mexico) welcomed the delegation of the 
United  Arab Emirates, headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for 
Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises; H.E. Juma  Mohammed  Al Kait, 
Assistant  Undersecretary for  International Trade; H.E. Ambassador  Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman, 
Permanent Representative of the United  Arab Emirates to the WTO; the rest of the delegation; and 
the discussant, H.E. Mr  José Valencia (Ecuador).  
1.2.  The Chairperson was pleased that, in additi on to physical presence, the meeting also benefited 
from the Interprefy online connection, allowing for a wider participation of the Membership, in 
particular of officials who could not make the journey from Abu  Dhabi given the current 
circumstances.  
1.3.  The Chairperson recalled the purpose of TPRs and the main elements of procedures for the 
meeting. The report by the United  Arab Emirates is contained in document WT/TPR/G/423, and that 
of the WTO Secretariat in document WT/TPR/S/423.  
1.4.  Questions by the following  delegations were submitted in writing before the deadline: Oman; 
Chile; Hong  Kong,  China; Singapore; Russian  Federation; Israel; Colombia; Canada; United  States; 
Switzerland; European  Union; Australia; China; New  Zealand; Brazil; Thailand; Philippines; 
United Kingdom; and Republic of Korea. The following delegations submitted written questions after 
the deadline: India; Argentina; Indonesia; Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia; Ukraine; Kazakhstan; 
Malaysia; Turkey; and Iceland.  
1.5.  At the previous Trade Policy Review of the United  Arab Emirates in 2016, Members had praised 
the United  Arab Emirates for its successful efforts to diversify its economy away from oil and gas, in 
line with the objectives set out in its Vision  2021 development strategy.  
1.6.  According to the Secreta riat's report prepared for the current Review, between 2016 and 2019, 
real GDP growth in the UAE ranged between 1.2% and 3.4%, and was mainly driven by the non -oil 
sector, which suggests that diversification efforts had continued to take hold during the period under 
review. The Chairperson also noted from the Government Report that currently the non -oil sector 
contributed more than 70% to GDP, and that new sectors such as the space industry and other 
high-tech industries were being developed as part of th e country's strategy to transition from a 
hydrocarbon -based to a knowledge -based economy.  
1.7.  In 2020, GDP contracted by 6.1% due mainly to the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic. To 
stimulate the economy and mitigate the effects of the pandemic, the authorities  applied fiscal and 
monetary measures, both at federal and emirate levels. As stated in the Government report, the 
Central Bank projected total real GDP to grow by 2.4% in 2021, with non -oil GDP projected to 
increase by 3.8%. In 2022, the economy is expect ed to grow by 4.2%.  
1.8.  In the 2016 Review, Members had showed appreciation for several aspects of the UAE trade 
policy, including its binding of all tariff lines and the application of the GCC common external tariff, 
with nearly all applied tariffs at either zero or 5%. However, some concerns were expressed at that 
time regarding import procedures such as regulatory requirements for imports, border inspection 
procedures and clearance systems, as well as SPS, TBT and other import requirements.  
1.9.  Regarding import  procedures, the current Secretariat r eport referred to initiatives such as the 
UAE Customs Gateway project - intended to become a national single window, a new Approved 
Economic Operators scheme, and an advance rulings system that has been developed. In a ddition, 
the requirement to submit certificates of origin for non -preferential imports was removed. These 
measures could have helped facilitate import procedures and lower clearance times and costs. On 
the other hand, as shown in the written submissions, M embers had questions regarding the 
implementation of the UAE's commitments under the Trade Facilitation Agreement, the application 
of certain SPS measures and technical regulations – including the certification of halal products, 
quality marks and labellin g-, and other import requirements such as consularization of trade 
documents. Clarifications had also sought regarding some applied tariffs that exceed bound rates, WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  the UAE's lists of restricted and prohibited imports, excise taxes on certain beverage prod ucts, and 
targeted export promotion schemes.  
1.10.   The importance of free zones in the development of the UAE economy was acknowledged 
during the previous Review. On the other hand, concerns were raised about foreign ownership 
restrictions applied to onshore in vestment in all commercial activities, and the UAE was urged to 
relax these restrictions.  
1.11.   The Chairperson was encouraged to read from the Secretariat's report that during the period 
covered by the Review, in line with its strategy of enhancing its position  as a regional investment 
hub, the UAE has implemented a major reform of its Commercial Companies Law allowing foreign 
investors to own up to 100% of UAE companies, except in certain activities having a "strategic 
impact". Also, several Emirates had issued  their own lists of activities where 100% foreign ownership 
is allowed. The Chairperson was sure that Members would be keen to know more details about these 
developments, including their implementation and the relationship of the Emirates' lists with the 
new regime established by the Commercial Companies Law.  
1.12.   Both the Secretariat and the Government reports highlighted the UAE strategy of targeting 
specific sectors for inward FDI. The practical details of this strategy should be of interest to Members. 
In addition, some Members had enquired about plans to further liberalize FDI in sectors such as 
financial services, air and maritime transport, ports, telecommunications, and medical services.  
1.13.   A survey of the advance written questions submitted for this Revie w indicated a wide range 
of topics of interest to Members regarding the UAE's trade and investment policies. Recurring issues 
related to agricultural support, aspects of the government procurement regime, exemptions from 
the Competition Law, the role of SO Es and government -related entities in the economy, as well as 
application procedures and enforcement of intellectual property rights. Some of these topics were 
raised during the previous Review. New issues that elicited Members' interest in the current rev iew 
included e -commerce, digital transformation and cybersecurity, the green economy, renewable 
energies, and the transition to low -carbon industries, as well as gender balance issues.  
1.14.   In total, the UAE received 697  advance written questions from 28  deleg ations for the Review, 
out of which 488 were sent within the established deadline. Prior to the meeting, the UAE provided 
written replies for over 50% of the questions and the Chairperson was looking forward to hearing 
the UAE's updates on these issues dur ing the two -day meeting.  
1.15.   The meeting was a good opportunity for Members to discuss in greater detail issues of interest 
to them and of systemic importance to the multilateral trading system. It was also an opportune 
moment for the UAE to inform the Members hip on the impact of COVID -19 on its economy and the 
measures taken in response. The Chairperson was looking forward to a fruitful discussion.  
1.16.   The Chairperson closed his introductory remarks by wishing UAE a very successful 
fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES  
(H.E.  DR AHMAD BELHOUL AL FALASI)  
2.1.  It is an honour and a privilege to address the World Trade Organization - Trade Policy Review 
Body. On behalf of the United  Arab Emirates Government, our le aders, and our people, I would like 
to express our sincere gratitude to the Trade Policies Review Division in preparing its report and 
ensuring a successful review cycle. I would also like to thank WTO Members for taking interest in 
the UAE's report, as ev idenced by the number of questions we have received.  
2.2.  For the UAE, the Trade Policy Review is an invaluable opportunity to share and discuss the 
current state of our trade policies and practices with WTO Members. Our review comes at a time 
when the world is  facing unprecedented challenges that are disrupting domestic and international 
supply chains, global economies, and the livelihoods of people around the world. The UAE is 
responding to these challenges by continuing to strengthen our economy and collabora ting with 
governments and businesses to deliver a more prosperous and sustainable future for global trade.  
2.3.  In 2020, the UAE's economy experienced a deep but temporary recession, with our economic 
growth have contracted by 6.1%. However, the UAE moved quick ly to address the health and 
economic effects of the pandemic. Widespread testing and containment measures helped limit the 
initial spread of the virus, while vaccination efforts have resulted in vaccination rates among the 
highest globally. Supporting the  business continuity of the private sector was also a major priority 
for us when COVID -19 struck in 2020.  
2.4.  The total of economic stimulus released by the Government to alleviate the pandemic's 
economic impact exceeded USD  77 billion. This is clear sign of the importance  of the country's 
leadership places on this sector. The UAE's strong, decisive response to the recent health and 
economic crisis was aimed at protecting our people, our businesses, and our economy. We can now 
it say it paid off. Business conf idence boomed and we saw a swift return of business activities, 
tourism, trade, and investment.  
2.5.  Subsequently, the year 2021 not only marked our return to business as usual but it also saw 
the UAE host the World Expo and celebrate its 50th anniversary as a  nation. This resulted in the 
upward trend of economic activity, with the overall GDP growth expected  to reach 2.1% in 2021, 
driven by non -oil growth of 3.8%. And for 2022, we hope to raise it to more than 4.2%.  
2.6.  With such relentless efforts, the UAE manage d to reverse the global downward trend in 
attracting FDI by registering a two -digit growth rate of 11.2% or USD  19.9 billion in 2020. And 
in 2021, we have witnessed the growth rate of 4% or USD  20.7 billion for FDI flows, and 14% or 
USD 171.6  billion for F DI Stock. Furthermore, the total value of the UAE's non -oil foreign trade in 
2021 amounted to nearly over USD  517 billion, reflecting a 27% growth compared to that of 2020 
and 11% compared to 2019. This brings us back to pre -COVID levels.  
2.7.  Looking ahead, o ur objective is to accelerate economic growth and double our economy 
by 2031 and the UAE has plans to invest USD  150 billion into the economy by 2030.  
2.8.  The UAE is continuing to refine and implement policies that will maximize competitiveness, 
increase international partnerships, and provide opportunities to facilitate trade and investment. 
Such reforms introduced since the country's last TPR, further enables our private sector to grow to 
strengthen non -oil growth, boost productivity, and attract foreign investment.  
2.9.  In this context, I would also like to draw your attention to the recently announced "Projects of 
the 50", which marked our nation's milestone 50th anniversary. These bold initiatives are aime d at 
further economic diversification and establishing the UAE as the ultimate global destination for 
innovators, inventors, and disruptors.  
2.10.   The UAE aims to be a global technology hub and a leader in technology adoption. Today, 
small -to-medium -sized enterp rises are fundamental to our modern, knowledge -based economy. 
Through the National Programme for Small and Medium Enterprises, we aim to enable UAE 
entrepreneurs and SME owners to increase their contribution to the country 's economic 
diversification effort s and growth. The SMEs today represent 94% of the total companies and 
institutions operating in the country and contribute more than 50% to the country's GDP.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  2.11.   As a country, we are regarded as the world's best place to start a new business, ranking first 
worldwide in the latest Global Entrepreneurship Index, outperforming major entrepreneurship 
economies.  
2.12.   With the UAE now expanding to be the Entrepreneurial Nation and re -shaping the economy 
to be more start -up friendly, our nation's development cannot be c omplete without an opportunity 
for SMEs to expand and grow.  
2.13.   The UAE is progressively restructuring the legal and regulatory environment to align with 
global best practices in transparency, investment protection, fair competition, and competitiveness. 
The UAE has issued a number of laws and working on upgrading a number of key legislations, 
especially with regard to the development of the country's economic infrastructure and investment 
environment.  
2.14.   The UAE firmly believes that free trade is a necessary con dition for increased and sustainable 
competitiveness and productivity. Protectionism, in the form of high tariff barriers and technical 
barriers to trade, would only result in a stagnant and inefficient private sector.  
2.15.   What we have witnessed in the last t wo years, was the increased unilateral trade protection 
measures, which has affected the flow of trade and the global value chains. This was also a factor 
that affected the principles of trade facilitation, which the WTO Members agreed to in 2013 Ministeri al 
Conference in Bali.  
2.16.   The UAE, indeed, supports the WTO Reform process aiming at strengthening its functions and 
operations, as well as reviving the multilateral trading system. Maintaining and strengthening the 
multilateral trading system under the WTO remains a fundamental basis of UAE's trade policy. On 
that regard, we consider all the forms of trade preferential arrangements, whether it is bilateral or 
regional free trade areas are complimentary to multilateral trading system and in compliance with 
its requirements.  
2.17.   The UAE is entering into a new phase of economic transformation aiming at establishing a 
new economic model whose key pillars are enhancing digitalization by accelerating the 
fourth  Industrial Revolution; furthering the green and circular economy, increasing productivity, and 
fostering international economic partnerships.  
2.18.   In this forward -looking process, the UAE reiterates its engagement with the WTO and 
acknowledges its role as global forum for trade policies of which the positive impact on the economic 
growth have already been demonstrated and asserted. The UAE intends to use this engagement as 
a reference and a motivation to improve and modernize its trade and investment strategies.  
2.19.   I very much look forward to listening to comments and s uggestions from our distinguished 
discussant and all Member States. Thank you very much for your attention.  
  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  3  STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  
3.1.  It is an honour for me to participate as the discussant in the fourth  Trade Policy Review of the 
United Arab Emirates.  I would first like to extend a warm welcome to His Excellency Dr  Ahmad 
Belhoul Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, head of 
the UAE delegation, as well as to the delegation accompanying him both here in Genev a and via 
virtual connection. Special greetings go to the distinguished members of the Permanent Mission of 
the United Arab Emirates to the WTO.  
3.2.  The Trade Policy Review process was conceived in Marrakesh as a mechanism to promote an 
open, flowing and ongoi ng conversation between all Members with respect to the regular information 
provided to the WTO by the State under review.  
3.3.  As a supporter of multilateralism and its processes, even if they sometimes have the limitations 
of all human institutions, I believ e that the Trade Policy Review contributes to transparency in 
relations between States, to dialogue and learning from experiences, and to taking into account 
views and explanations that strengthen existing agreements or enable the building of understanding  
when legitimate positions differ.  
3.4.  On this occasion, we will address issues relating to the implementation, over the past six years 
of the multilateral trade agreements signed by the UAE, as well as of the plurilateral agreements 
signed by the UAE, where a pplicable. In doing so, we will need to keep in mind, on the one hand, 
how the issues that were considered and discussed in the third review have evolved and, on the 
other hand, the extent to which the relevant international context has interacted with the  UAE 
Government's policies.  
3.5.  The review beginning today encompasses a critical time for all countries around the world. The 
past two years have been a great tragedy not only because of the deaths of millions of people and 
the health risks to hundreds of millions more, but also because of the impact of the pandemic on 
many aspects of human life. The economies of all nations and common spheres, from education and 
culture to business activities, were adversely affected. Remaining in the backgroun d for all have 
been the global challenges of climate change, pollution, biodiversity loss and the Sustainable 
Development Goals.  
3.6.  We are pleased that the UAE's GDP economic growth has continued since the last review, with 
the exception of 2020. The UAE suff ered a significant slowdown in growth in 2020, primarily due to 
the impact of COVID -19 on trade in energy. It is good news that, in 2021, growth recovered to 
2.2%, according to World Bank and International Monetary Fund figures, and especially that growth 
is expected to reach pre -COVID -19 levels from 2022 onwards.  
3.7.  The return to normality is also evident in other indicators presented in the reports of the UAE 
Government and the Secretariat, such as, for example, the growth prospects for foreign trade in 
different sectors of the UAE economy, at constant prices. The same can be said of the positive 
increase in the inflow of foreign direct investment into the country, reported in the UNCTAD World 
Investment Report, which is cited in the UAE report.  
3.8.  The recovery of the pace of the economy and trade is the result of consistent government 
policies that were already being implemented and were able to be effectively adapted to the volatility 
and imbalances brought about by the pandemic, thanks to the fiscal and moneta ry measures 
implemented by the Government. Viewed from this perspective, it is a positive way to begin the 
implementation of the long -term "Centennial 2071" strategy, which is scheduled to end in another 
50 years, when the UAE reaches a century as an indep endent nation.  
3.9.  Centenary 2071 contains the UAE's long -term economic and social strategy, which seeks to 
gradually build an economy that shifts from an economy based on hydrocarbon production and 
exports to one with more diversification, based primarily on knowledge, applied technologies, 
innovation and entrepreneurship.  
3.10.   It is welcome that underlying this strategic goal is the UAE's intention to engage with a world 
that in the coming decades will migrate from a hydrocarbon -based energy mix to a low -CO2 real ity, 
which will prioritize sustainable production and consumption, including the circularity of economic WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  processes. The Secretariat's report already records that renewable energy capacity in the country 
continued to increase during the period under review.  
3.11.   How will the digital -, circular - and green -economy -oriented initiatives envisaged under 
Centennial 2071 work in the coming years? WTO Member States are interested in hearing about the 
implementation of the UAE's short - and medium -term strategies in practi ce, and how they will work 
in terms of the country's participation in the multilateral trading system.  
3.12.   It is not for the discussant to pass judgement on the more than 600  questions that States 
have submitted to the UAE on the occasion of the fourth review. The dialogue in this exercise is 
between the State under review and the other WTO Members. However, I would like to note that, 
with respect to the third Trade Policy Revi ew, there is continued interest in discussing with the UAE 
the functioning of free economic zones, the investment regime and the participation of State 
enterprises in the economy.  
3.13.   Regarding the questions raised by the Membership of the Organization, I am confident that 
this fourth Trade Policy Review will allow for a fruitful and constructive dialogue with the UAE on 
trade, investment and financial services regimes, as well as on specific trade policies, including  
customs procedures and requirements, measu res affecting imports beyond tariffs, import standards 
and technical requirements, the alignment of local sanitary and phytosanitary standards with 
international standards, the dynamics of competition and information available on State enterprises 
and on p ublic procurement and intellectual property.  
3.14.   Given their link to trade and their social dimension, I find particularly useful the consideration 
of issues such as the integration of migrants into the UAE's labour sector and the participation of 
women in th e economy. Regarding the latter, the information in the UAE Government 's and the 
Secretariat 's reports is very relevant, as it echoes data such as the UNDP Gender Inequality Index, 
which highlights the UAE's significant progress in regional and global gend er equality rankings. In 
specific programmes, initiatives for the empowerment of women in engineering and finance stand 
out, seeking greater representation of women in those sectors.  
3.15.   As we can see, we have a broad and interesting agenda for discussion in the next couple of 
days, which, according to the Trade Policy Review Mechanism Procedures, will last for as long as the 
State under review needs to analyse and respond in writing to some of the questions and points 
raised.  
3.16.   The UAE has made successful and d etermined progress in diversifying its economy and trade, 
in making it increasingly less dependent on hydrocarbons, and in building a forward -looking strategy 
that takes into account the challenges facing humanity: sustainable development, the circular 
economy, new energies, the trade in and productive interconnection of goods and services, and the 
growth in trade with a view to shared benefits.  
3.17.   I wish the UAE and its delegation a productive exchange with WTO Member States in the 
conduct of this fourth Tra de Policy Review.  
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  4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  
OMAN  
4.1.  It is a great pleasure for the delegation of the Sultanate of Oman to participate in the 
fourth  Trade Policy Review of the United  Arab Emirates and wish to extend a warm welcome to the 
distinguished delegation  of the United  Arab Emirates headed by H.E . Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, 
Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises .  
4.2.  I would like to take this opportunity to thank our brothers in the United  Arab Emirates and the 
World  Trade  Organization (WTO) Secretariat for their detailed and comprehensive Trade Policy 
Review reports. I also thank the discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia, Ambassador and Permanent 
Representative of Ecuador to the WTO for his insightful remarks.  
4.3.   Oman fully  associates itself with the statement by the delegation of the Kingdom of 
Saudi  Arabia on behalf of the Arab Group.  
4.4.  The Sultanate of Oman and the United  Arab Emirates enjoy a brotherly friendly relationship 
supported by shared membership within the GCC an d Arab League.  
4.5.  The United  Arab Emirates is one of Oman's main trading partners; the geographical proximity 
between both countries is one of the most prominent factors in the success of their trade, as well as 
the stable economic and political relations. Th e trade exchange between the two  countries reached 
USD 11.4 billion in 2020.  
4.6.  Oman congratulates the United  Arab Emirates on the positive economic development during 
the period under review, with adequate gross domestic product (GDP) growth and moderate in flation 
between 2016 and 2019, real GDP growth ranged between 1.2% and 3.4%, mainly led by the non -oil 
sector. The trade balance remained in surplus over the period under review.  
4.7.  We are glad to note that economic reforms continued throughout this period a nd focused on 
increasing efficiency and inclusiveness. Measures to improve efficiency included several steps on 
trade and investment facilitation. Such efforts resulted in improving the UAE's rankings in several 
world and regional indicators, including eas e of doing business, financial competence, stability, and 
attraction of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).  
4.8.   Oman commends the United  Arab Emirates on the steps taken since the last review guided by 
the Vision  2021 strategy which included: encouraging the di versification of the economy towards 
industries based on knowledge and innovation, enhancing the competitiveness of small and 
medium -size enterprises (SMEs) and national entrepreneurship, creating an enabling environment 
for trade and investment, strengthe ning the competitiveness of the UAE in external markets and 
developing trade relations with other countries, and enhancing protection of consumer and 
intellectual property rights.  
4.9.   The United  Arab Emirates is strongly committed to the rules -based multilat eral trading system 
and actively participates in the WTO negotiations.  
4.10.   In the end, I would like to thank H.E . Mr Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative of the United  Arab Emirates in Geneva. I thank also Mr  Abdelsalam  
Mohamed Al Ali, Director of the office of the United  Arab Emirates to the WTO, for the excellent 
cooperation between our two Missions here in Geneva for the sake of our mutual interests.  
4.11.   To conclude, the delegation of Oman wishes the delegation of the Un ited Arab Emirates a very 
successful fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
CHILE  
4.12.   Chile would like to extend warm greetings to the delegation of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), 
headed by the Honourable Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enter prises, WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  Dr Ahmad Belhoul Al Falasi, and to the Permanent Mission of the UAE to the WTO, in particular to 
its Ambassador Mr Ahmed Abdulrahman Al Jarman.  
4.13.   We would also like to acknowledge the work carried out by both the Secretariat and the UAE 
in preparing the respective reports. I would also like to congratulate Ambassador and friend José 
Valencia of Ecuador for his work as discussant.  
4.14.    The UAE is a Memb er committed to the rules -based multilateral trading system and actively 
participates in WTO negotiations. This is evident in its adoption of the Protocol concerning the Trade 
Facilitation Agreement in April  2016, and the Protocol Amending the TRIPS Agreem ent in 
January  2017. It is also a party to the Information Technology Agreement, and its participation in 
the joint initiatives on electronic commerce and investment facilitation for development is 
noteworthy. As coordinator of the latter, I would invite t he UAE to increase its participation so that 
all participants may benefit from the UAE's experience in creating a favourable climate for foreign 
investment.  
4.15.   At the bilateral level, we would like to highlight that, on 31  May 2021, the first political 
consul tation meeting between the UAE and Chile was held, during which areas of convergence and 
common interest were identified. One of the issues discussed was the establishment of a task force 
to assess the potential for negotiating instruments on matters relat ing to food security, energy and 
5G technology, as well as a dialogue on economic and trade commercial issues with the aim of 
strengthening bilateral relations.  
4.16.   It is also worth mentioning the Double Taxation Agreement and the Agreement on Cooperation 
and Mutual Assistance on Customs Matters, both concluded in 2019. Expo 2020 Dubai allowed us to 
showcase our country in the Gulf region, as a platform to raise awareness of the opportunities for 
cooperation in various areas between the two countries. We are es pecially grateful for the support 
of its organizers, which enabled us to participate successfully.  
4.17.   This Trade Policy Review reports successful efforts by the United Arab Emirates to deal with 
the impact of COVID -19, particularly in the construction sector.  Furthermore, we note with interest 
the implementation of its energy strategy, aimed at diversifying the energy mix by increasing 
renewable energy production capacity during the period under review. In addition, we highlight the 
UAE's progress towards beco ming a future economy, strengthening its information technology sector 
and digital economy, as well as adopting concepts of the circular economy. This is reinforced by 
public and private initiatives to strengthen women's participation in trade, enabling th em to climb 
the rankings in various gender gap indices, which we certainly appreciate.  
4.18.   In this Trade Policy Review exercise, Chile has posed questions in areas including banking, 
telecommunications, transport and medical services, and on SMEs and gender ba lance. We 
appreciate the replies provided to these questions, and the work carried out by the UAE delegation 
in Geneva and in its capital. Lastly, we wish the UAE a successful fourth Trade Policy Review.  
HONG  KONG,  CHINA  
4.19.   I would start by extending a warm welcome to the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates  
(UAE) led by H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and 
Medium Enterprises. I would also like to thank the discussant Ambassador José  Valencia of Ecuador 
for sharing with us his insights, and the Secretariat for preparing a comprehensive report for the 
review.  
4.20.   Hong Kong,  China and the UAE have been enjoying cordial bilateral trade relations. In 2021, 
UAE was our largest trading partner in the Middle  East, w ith total merchandise trade amounting to 
USD 12.8 billion, and an average annual growth of 4.1% from 2017 to 2021. Besides, in order to 
promote mutual investments, Hong  Kong,  China and the UAE signed an Investment Promotion and 
Protection Agreement in June  2019, which entered into force in March  2020.  
4.21.   With the generous support of the UAE, Hong  Kong,  China set up a new Economic and Trade 
Office in Dubai in October  2021, which is our first  external economic and trade office in the 
Middle  East. This Office's m ission is to promote and strengthen our bilateral economic, trade and 
cultural ties with the UAE, as well as with other member States of the Cooperation Council for the WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  Arab States of the Gulf. It is a testimony of our commitment to developing closer trade  relations 
with the UAE.  
4.22.   Let me now highlight our observations on the trade policies of UAE.  
4.23.   First, trade facilitation . We are pleased to note that the UAE has made improvements to its 
customs clearance system and information sharing mechanisms between bo rder agencies, which 
have contributed to clearance of 96% of customs declarations in less than two  minutes. We are also 
glad to learn that the UAE's Authorized Economic Operators Scheme piloted in 2016 has since 
resulted in substantially shorter clearance times and lowered costs for participants covering all Gulf 
Cooperation Council members.  
4.24.   Nevertheless, while the UAE has committed to implementing nearly all provisions in the Trade 
Facilitation Agreement, we notice that certain transparency notifications h ave yet to be made. We 
would encourage the UAE to submit the notifications as soon as possible.  
4.25.   On tariff, we are pleased to note that the UAE has bound all its tariff lines, and most of the 
applied tariff rates are either at 5% or duty -free. That said, th e applied tariffs of certain products 
such as goods containing alcohol exceed the bound tariffs by significant margins. We look forward 
to the UAE's continued efforts in enhancing its tariff regime.  
4.26.   Turning to agriculture, the agriculture sector of the UAE  continues to be relatively protected, 
though its contribution to GDP was less than 1% in 2020. The applied MFN tariff for agricultural 
products increased from 5.5% in 2015 to 6.7% in 2021, which remained higher than that of 
non-agricultural products at 4. 7%.  
4.27.   On the other hand, we are pleased to note that the UAE all along supports more transparency 
in the use of export restrictions and has submitted up to date notifications on domestic support and 
export subsidies. According to its notifications, the UAE did not provide any export subsidies during 
the review period and maintained only "green box" domestic support, mainly related to measures 
on pest and disease controls, and advisory services.  
4.28.   We are also glad to note that the UAE is a co -sponsor of the joi nt statement on responding to 
the COVID -19 pandemic with open and predictable trade in agricultural and food products as well as 
the joint statement on agriculture export prohibitions or restrictions relating to the World Food 
Programme.  
4.29.   Lastly, on service s, we note that the services sector continued to be an important contributor 
to the UAE's GDP, accounting for 50% in 2020. However, foreign participation in certain sectors is 
still subject to restrictions. In this regard, we would like to encourage the UA E to consider further 
liberalising the restrictions on foreign investment in its services sectors, such as financial services, 
telecommunications, and maritime transport.  
4.30.   Hong Kong,  China highly appreciates the constructive contributions of the UAE to the WTO 
and shares the UAE 's commitment in maintaining a strong and effective multilateral trading system. 
I would like to thank the UAE for its replies to Hong  Kong,  China's questions and would  wish the UAE 
a successful and productive Trade Policy Review.  
SINGAPORE  
4.31.   Let me begin by welcoming the UAE delegation, led by Minister of State for Entrepreneurship 
and Small and Medium Enterprises Dr  Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, who are here with us today in 
Geneva. Let me also express our appreciation to the UAE for its comprehensive Government report 
and statement. I also wish to congratulate Ambassador  Ángel  Villalobos, for assuming the 
chairmanship of the TPRB. I would also like to thank the discussant Ambassador  José Valencia as 
well as the Secretariat for their insig htful reports and statements. Allow me to make three  points.  
4.32.   First, Singapore and the UAE enjoy strong, long -standing and multi -faceted relations. 
Economically, the UAE has consistently been Singapore's largest trading partner in the Middle  East 
region. In  2021, our bilateral trade amounted to USD  16.3 billion, which represented a 73% WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  year-on-year increase that surpassed even pre -pandemic levels. Despite the challenging global 
economic situation, two -way investment flows remained healthy. In 2020, the UAE's  foreign direct 
investment in Singapore stood at USD  2.7 billion and Singapore's investment in the UAE amounted 
to USD  2 billion. Singapore and UAE companies have continued to invest in a wide spectrum sectors 
ranging from energy to finance, food and bever ages, to retail. Politically, both sides maintain strong 
and vibrant exchanges, notably through the Singapore -UAE Joint Commission and the 
Abu Dhabi -Singapore Joint Forum. These platforms enable both sides to engage in strategic dialogue 
and explore deeper  collaboration in new and emerging areas such as innovation, digital trade and 
the green economy.  
4.33.   Second, Singapore and the UAE have embraced digital transformation. UAE's national 
digitalisation initiatives, including its Fourth Industrial Revolution and  National Cybersecurity 
Strategy, have helped to spur innovation and enhance its digital competitiveness. For instance, the 
Emirates Blockchain Strategy  2021 aims to transform 50% of federal government transactions on 
to the blockchain platform, and this w ill result in USD  1.5 billion saved from expenditure on paper 
documents. As a result of the UAE's efforts in these areas, the UAE was ranked 10th in the World 
Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2021 issued by the World Competitiveness Centre (WCC) of the 
International Institute for Management Development (IMD). At the bilateral level, we are keen to 
actively participate in and contribute to these efforts to help create tangible mutual benefits for our 
companies and consumers. Given the many similarities betwee n the UAE and Singapore, and as 
both seek to diversify and develop our knowledge -based economy in science and technology, 
sustainability and digital economy, there will be room for deeper collaboration. At the WTO, 
Singapore welcomes the UAE's participatio n in the Joint Statement Initiatives on E -Commerce and 
Investment Facilitation for Development. We look forward to working closely together with the UAE 
to strengthen the multilateral trading system and ensure that the WTO remains fit for purpose in 
the 21st century.  
4.34.   Third, Singapore looks forward to expanding  our collaboration with the UAE to strengthen our 
trade and economic ties. We welcome initiatives under the UAE's "Projects of the 50" to deepen 
trade linkages with its key trading partners, such as t he Comprehensive Economic Partnership 
Agreements (CEPAs). These trade and investments agreements will help to forge new possibilities 
for collaboration between the UAE and its trading partners. As Singapore and UAE expand our 
bilateral economic partnership , the FTA between the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Singapore, 
which was signed in 2013, will continue to anchor the growing Singapore UAE economic relations. 
We welcome UAE's efforts to develop a national single window systems for advance rulings on tariff 
classification, rules of origin and customs evaluation, which will boost trade flows between Singapore 
and the UAE. At the multilateral level, Singapore would also like to encourage the UAE to become a 
partner to the Government Procurement Agreement  (GPA), given the importance of establishing 
open, fair and transparent conditions of competition in government procurement processes.  
4.35.   Finally, Singapore looks forward to work with the UAE and its Mission led by Permanent 
Representative Mr Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman. I wish UAE every success for its fourth  TPR.  
RUSSIAN  FEDERATION  
4.36.   The Russian  Federation appreciates the opportunity to tak e part in the fourth Trade Policy 
Review of the United  Arab Emirates and engage in a frank discussion on its trade policy. I would like 
to extend a warm welcome to the delegation of UAE, headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, 
Minister of State for Entr epreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises. I also thank the 
Government and the WTO Secretariat for their comprehensive reports, as well as the discussant 
H.E. Mr José Valencia of Ecuador for his insightful remarks.  
4.37.   The Russian  Federation highly values the traditionally friendly and multifaceted relations with 
the UAE that are guided by the Declaration on Strategic Partnership between our countries, signed 
in June  2018 in Moscow.  
4.38.   We are quite satisfied with the current state of bilateral trade and econom ic affairs. In 2021 
the overall trade turnover between our countries has reached an all -time peak, surpassing 
USD 5 billion mark. That is around an 80% increase in comparison to the previous year, making the 
UAE one of our top trade partners in the Middle  East. WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.39.   Throughout the years, bilateral cooperation has significantly advanced in a number of fields. 
Our countries are constructively engaging on the subject of energy pricing in OPEC+ and other 
formats. Investment cooperation is developing. Joint efforts a re being undertaken against the spread 
of the COVID -19 pandemic. Collaboration with the UAE in the area of space exploration continues to 
be enhanced.  
4.40.   A number of Russian companies are strengthening their presence on the UAE market with 
around 40  represent ative offices currently operational.  
4.41.   The Russian  Federation applauds the UAE's strong support of the rules -based multilateral 
trading system and its active participation in the WTO negotiations, as well as the Joint Statement 
Initiatives on E -Commerce and Investment Facilitation. We invite Abu  Dhabi to consider joining the 
other JSIs on supporting the MSMEs and on services domestic regulation. The Russian  Federation 
notes with satisfaction the UAE's efforts for facilitating the elaboration of a multilateral  response to 
the COVID -19 pandemic. We commend the strong notifications record of UAE.  
4.42.   The Russia n Federation  has submitted a number of written questions to the UAE, specifically 
on the issues of export support and promotion, standards and technical requir ements, energy and 
technology sectors development, cooperation in the GCC format. We look forward to reviewing the 
answers from Abu  Dhabi.  
4.43.   In conclusion, I would like to wish the United  Arab Emirates a successful Trade Policy Review.  
ISRAEL  
4.44.   Israel would like to thank you, the discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia (Ecuador), the 
United  Arab Emirates, and the Secretariat for the detailed reports. Israel also welcomes 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medi um 
Enterprises, as the head of delegation.  
4.45.   Israel warmly welcomes the United  Arab Emirates in this TPR. Since the signing of the 
Abraham Accords and the establishment of diplomatic relations on 15  September  2020, the ties 
between our countries have quickly  developed.  
4.46.   In the year and a half that has passed since, we have seen a rapid expansion of bilateral 
trade, tourism, and economic cooperation. In addition, Israel and the United  Arab Emirates are 
advancing in the negotiations on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.   
4.47.   This close collaboration between the United  Arab Emirates and Israel creates new 
opportunities for peace, development, and economic growth from which other nations in the area 
could benefit as well.  
4.48.   Although we are still in the ea rly stages of our trading relationship, we anticipate that bilateral 
trade between Israel and the United  Arab Emirates will continue to grow and diversify rapidly, further 
deepening our economic ties for the mutual benefit of our people.  
4.49.   During 2020, Unit ed Arab Emirates' GDP contracted 6.1%, primarily due to COVID -19, but 
things bounced back in 2021, with real  GDP growth of around 2.1%. In addition, exports of 
non-hydrocarbons, which traditionally surpass exports of hydrocarbons, remained relatively stabl e 
in 2020 despite the disruption of global trade. During the period in review, Israel also notes the 
United  Arab Emirates' net inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2020, which is likely to be 
further aided by the Government's unveiling of several p olicy plans during last year, to increase FDI 
outflows and exports to targeted markets.  
4.50.   Here at the WTO, we all benefit from the constructive and forthcoming approach of the 
United  Arab Emirates in all fronts, committees, and areas of discussion. Israel lo oks forward to 
working closely with the United  Arab Emirates across all matters. Our nations share many ideas 
regarding trade and participate together in several initiatives at the WTO.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.51.   During this exercise, Israel submitted questions to the United  Arab Emirates, and we look 
forward to reviewing the replies in due course. The areas of interest for Israel include investment, 
import measures more broadly, and import restrictions.  
4.52.   As we are nearing the long -delayed MC12, Israel looks forward to United  Arab Emirates' 
contributions and constructive role towards a successful Ministerial. Similarly, we look forward to 
strengthening our working relationship with H.E. Ambassador Mr  Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman 
and the team at the United  Arab Emirates' Mission.  
4.53.   Israel wishes United Arab Emirates a very successful TPR.  
COLOMBIA  
4.54.   We warmly welcome the delegation of the United Arab Emirates, headed by H.E. Dr  Ahmad 
Belhoul Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises of the 
Ministry o f Economy, as well as H.E. Juma Mohammed Al Kait, Under -Secretary for Foreign Trade 
Affairs, and his team, with whom we have been working on an economic complementarity agreement 
between our two countries. It is a pleasure, once again, to have the particip ation of capital -based 
delegations in these important transparency exercises.  
4.55.   We appreciate the comprehensive analysis and feedback provided by Ambassador 
José Valencia as discussant. The relevant elements he outlined have helped to enrich this discussion . 
We also recognize the hard work of the Secretariat and the UAE authorities in the preparation of the 
reports.  
4.56.   The United Arab Emirates has a dynamic economy, with stable growth rates, which has 
successfully overcome the challenges posed by the global ec onomy in the past few years, such as 
the fall in international prices of certain raw materials like oil, and the impact of the pandemic on 
production, demand and tourism.  
4.57.   The main macroeconomic indicators show the continued importance for the United Arab 
Emirates of the oil and gas sectors, both in terms of its gross domestic product and in government 
revenue and exports. The country has made progress in diversifying its ec onomy, recording a slightly 
higher share of sectors such as manufacturing, wholesale trade and services.  
4.58.   Colombia shares with the United Arab Emirates the objective of diversification of the economy 
and exports, as well as a desire for free trade. In this  context, we find of interest the free zone 
regime, which is of strategic importance for the promotion of non -oil exports. Within this regime, 
Colombia would be interested in hearing in greater detail about the tax, customs and licensing 
incentives and ben efits regime. It would also like to know more about the functioning of the financial 
free zones, as well as the free zones for the creative industries and technology -related industries.  
4.59.   Equally impressive are the Centennial 2071 strategy, focused on stren gthening the knowledge 
economy, fostering innovation and productivity, and the Industrial Strategy, aimed at raising 
industry 's contribution to total GDP, prioritizing certain strategic sectors that would receive 
government benefits.  
4.60.   We draw attention to the elements presented in both reports on the consolidation and growth 
of the services sector, which contributes significantly to the diversification objective, achieving 
exports of USD  90.3 billion in 2019. Although there has been a decline in the past year due to the 
impact of the pandemic, the outlook for this area is promising.  
4.61.   The United Arab Emirates has been a highly committed member of the rules -based multilateral 
system and contribut es positively to the proper functioning of the Organization. Its participation in 
various joint initiatives reflects its interest in the WTO playing a leading role in the development of 
new rules in strategic sectors.  
4.62.   Moreover, Secretariat and government documents note the importance of the Gulf 
Cooperation Council in trade policy formulation and implementation. We consider it important to WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  move towards greater transparency and greater clarity of the applicable norms and policies, in order 
to facilitate tra de. 
4.63.   On tariff policy, the reports show a simple tariff structure, with little variation and no sectoral 
or quotas peaks. The average applied tariff is generally lower than the bound rates, although it is 
notable that bound tariffs for agricultural products  are almost twice as high as tariffs for 
non-agricultural goods. In addition, significant tariff peaks are recorded for so -called "special 
products", for which applied tariffs are also higher than bound tariffs. We understand that the UAE 
has sought to div ersify its economy beyond oil -based activities and the above -mentioned tariff policy 
seems to be in line with this objective.  
4.64.   Also notable is the continuing dominant role of State -owned enterprises in the economy as a 
whole and as part of diversification initiatives. State -owned enterprises are present in almost all 
sectors, although progress in their governance, transparency and operational autonomy is 
recognized.  
4.65.   With regard to customs and foreign trade procedures, we welcome the progress and specific 
actions taken during the review period, in particular related to the simplification of procedures and 
the adoption of electronic mechanisms, such as the electronic submission of customs declarations. 
Progress in the implementation of the National Single Win dow and the Authorized Economic Operator 
programme is also positive. We hope to be able to work together on these issues, supported by the 
Economic Complementarity Agreement.  
4.66.   In the area of transparency, while acknowledging recent progress in complying wit h the 
various notifications, we invite the UAE to submit outstanding notifications, in particular those related 
to import licensing and market access.  
4.67.   The comprehensive report prepared by the United Arab Emirates reflects its commitment to 
the multilatera l trading system and presents elements of great interest on the future projection of 
its economy. Of particular relevance are the sections on the circular economy and digital economy, 
which reflect the country's challenges and opportunities, and account fo r efforts and progress in the 
diversification of the economy.  
4.68.   The section on foreign investment shows its attractiveness as an investor and the important 
reforms implemented, and also reflects its support for structured discussions on investment 
facilitat ion. We would also like to highlight the information provided on the measures adopted in 
response to the COVID -19 pandemic, which is an element of transparency that contributes to the 
discussions taking place at different levels in the Organization.  
4.69.   Colom bia raised questions on aspects of interest for our trade relationship, including: tariff 
levels; technical regulations; competition policy; tax regime; support programmes for the 
agricultural sector; regulation of telecommunications services; and trade in tegration under the Gulf 
Cooperation Council Customs Union. We look forward to the replies from the UAE authorities.  
4.70.   At the bilateral level, Colombia and the UAE have had a cordial diplomatic relationship 
since 1976 and close cooperation ties in various se ctors, strengthened following the official visit of 
the President of Colombia in November  2021. Trade ties have been gradually strengthened, and the 
two countries are currently negotiating an economic complementarity agreement, which will cover 
goods, serv ices, investment and public procurement disciplines.  
4.71.   We note the positive results of the first round of negotiations held in early March in Dubai, 
and look forward to advancing and concluding the negotiations in the coming months.  
4.72.   At present, we have inc reasing and diversified bilateral trade, within which Colombian exports 
of agricultural and agro -industrial products have gradually increased. New opportunities exist in 
products such as fruit, food and clothing and in light manufacturing. The early conclu sion of the 
bilateral agreement will help to diversify trade, encourage investment and stimulate bilateral 
cooperation in areas of common interest.  
4.73.   I would like to end by wishing the United Arab Emirates and its delegation a successful 
conclusion of the T rade Policy Review process. We extend our warm appreciation to His Excellency WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  Ambassador Ahmed Abdulrahman Al Jarman, Permanent Representative of the United Arab Emirates 
to the WTO and to the Permanent Mission in Geneva. This is also an opportunity to hig hlight the 
excellent working relations and cooperation between our two Missions.  
CANADA  
4.74.   Canada joins other WTO Members in welcoming Minister Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi and the 
members of the delegation from United  Arab Emirates. We are pleased to participate in the 
fourth  Trade Policy Review of the UAE and  thank the Government of the UAE and the Secretariat for 
their reports.  
4.75.   Canada notes that the Russia n Federation  is participating today.  Canada strongly condemns 
the Russian  Federation's unjustifiable and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. The Russian  Federation's 
attacks are causing widespread  humanitarian consequences and resulting in the senseless  deaths of 
innocent people. The international community must be seized of  this issue. This is not just an attack  
on Ukraine , this is an attack on international law including the UN Charter as well as democracy, 
freedom, and human rights. More narrowly , in the WTO context, the Russian Federation's illegal 
actions also undermine the ability of a WTO Member  – Ukraine  - to fully participate in the work of 
this Institution. This is also unacceptable.   
4.76.   Turning back to the Trade Policy Review, we regret that we have not yet received answer s to 
all questions Canada submitted prior to th e deadline. Being able to discuss answers to questions is 
a central part of what makes trade policy reviews useful, and we strongly encourage the UAE to 
provide timely responses to our questions.  
4.77.   More generally, I would like to congratulate the UAE on cele brating its Golden  Jubilee, the 
successful hosting of the postponed Expo  Dubai  2020 over recent months, and its continued efforts 
to diversify its economy and to facilitate and promote international trade and investment. The UAE's 
efforts to continue its t ransformation towards a highly productive, sustainable and competitive 
knowledge -based economy reflect foresight in anticipating and planning for long -term challenges. 
Canada congratulates the UAE for its "Vision  2071" National Agenda, including specific s trategies 
towards a green, circular and digital economy. Canada has submitted questions on these subjects 
and looks forward to discussion.  
4.78.   Canada supports the UAE 's openness to trade evidenced by its low tariffs, free -trade zones 
and ambitious free -trade -agreement agenda. We note the UAE 's continued efforts to attract foreign 
investment and commend the UAE for the recent changes to the Commercial Companies Law that 
now allow for 100 % foreign ownership of companies in the UAE in a larger number of industries . We 
are also pleased to note UAE reforms toward s attracting and retaining highly skilled foreign workers 
and foreign investment by extending residency visas . We also commend the UAE and all Gulf 
Cooperation Council members for efforts to reinforce collaboration and improve trade dynamics  in 
the region . Canada will follow with interest the further development of trade relations between the 
GCC and its international partners.  
4.79.   I also want to note the UAE's strong commitment to the WTO and active involvement, as well 
as the productive collaboration between C anada and the UAE at the WTO, notably on the Joint 
Statement Initiatives on E-Commerce and Investment Facilitation  for Development . Canada also 
welcomes the UAE's support of the Buenos  Aires Declaration on Trade and Women's Economic 
Empowerment. Canada enc ourages the UAE to join the JSIs on MSMEs and on services domestic 
regulation and to participate in the trade and environmental sustainability structured dialogue. 
Canada strongly supports the WTO Government Procurement Agreement and encourages the UAE 
to consider accession to it. Canada also encourages the UAE to submit any outstanding notifications 
such in the areas of customs valuation, import licensing and quantitative restrictions, and under the 
Agreement on Trade Facilitation. Ensuring transparency is  a very important part of being a WTO  
Member.  
4.80.   Canada and the UAE have a very positive bilateral trade and investment relationship, with 
common interests in many important sectors. And I am pleased to note that the UAE is the leading 
foreign direct investor  in Canada from the Middle  East and North  Africa region. We look forwards to 
continuing to work with the UAE bilaterally and in the WTO.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.81.   In conclusion,  best wishes to the United  Arab Emirates delegation for a productive Trade Policy 
Review.  
UNITED  STATES  
4.82.   Let me begin by stating the United  States fully supports the statement of Canada. We have 
made our position clear in document WTO/GC/244 the Joint Statement on aggression by the 
Russian  Federation against Ukraine with the support of Belarus. The United  States reiterates its 
support for Ukraine during this unimaginably difficult time. We pay tribute to the heroism of the 
Ukrainian people, their armed forces, and leaders.  
4.83.   Moving to the UAE Trade Policy Review, the United  States would like to welcome, Minister of 
State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, Dr  Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi and the 
entire UAE delegation to today's Trade Policy Review.  
4.84.   The United  States and the UAE enjoy a constructive bilateral relationship, with coope ration 
spanning many important economic and security issues. In terms of trade, the value of US goods 
imports from the UAE in 2021 was USD  6 billion, with the top import categories in mineral fuels at 
USD 1.4 billion, aluminium at USD  1.4 billion, precious  metal and stone at USD  411 million, and 
machinery at USD  273 million. The United  States continues to support the UAE's efforts to diversify 
its economy away from reliance on trade in traditional commodities, and our Governments continue 
to explore various  means of further enhancing our trade relations.  
4.85.   The United  States has submitted a number of questions, and we look forward to reviewing 
the UAE 's responses. Many of our questions reflect a desire to encourage the UAE to move forward 
expeditiously on its e fforts to improve the business environment.  
4.86.   For example, the United  States understands that the UAE and the other GCC member State 
Governments are currently considering revisions to the excise tax on beverages. We and other WTO 
Members have raised concerns  in several fora about the implementation of this tax. It is important 
that we are afforded the opportunity to consult on necessary revisions, including switching to a 
graduated tax based on total sugar content, exempting beverages with no added sugar and low 
caloric beverages from the tax, and ensuring that there is no discrimination between energy drinks 
and other beverages currently covered that have similar amounts of sugar.  
4.87.   We remain particularly interested in the timeline to inform private industry, g overnments, and 
other interested parties about the study currently underway on a new excise tax model and the 
UAE's formal mechanism for consulting with interested parties regarding the excise tax, particularly 
in advance of any final decisions. We note di fferences among the GCC member State Governments 
in their implementation of the excise tax, and look forward to working with the UAE and other GCC 
member State Governments to ensure that any amendments to the Unified Excise Tax Treaty for 
the GCC address t he issue of consistent implementation.  
4.88.   In addition, we submitted questions to understand how the UAE has taken steps to eliminate 
consularization requirements that call for UAE Embassies or other entities to authenticate import 
documents for non -agricultur al products. The United States would welcome the UAE's participation 
in ongoing WTO initiatives, particularly in the area of trade facilitation, where a number of Members 
are working to secure a decision on strengthening resiliency and preparedness through  trade 
facilitation. The United  States hopes the UAE is considering joining as a co -sponsor to the proposal 
at the Committee on Trade Facilitation, Revisiting the Need for Global Action to Eliminate 
Consularization Requirements.  
4.89.   We also encourage the UAE t o support the initiative by 21  cosponsors for a General Council 
Decision to Enhance Transparency and Improve Compliance with Notification Requirements under 
WTO Agreements. This proposal is designed to improve support for Members facing difficulties in 
fulfilling their notification obligations and we would welcome constructive input from the UAE.  
4.90.   We also raised detailed questions regarding the UAE's domestic consultation process for drafts 
of technical regulations; differences in labelling requirements for a range of products among the 
individual Emirates; and the relationship between the UAE's SPS regulations and the existing criteria 
and guidelines of relevant international standard setting bodies.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.91.   Furthermore, the United  States submitted questions regardi ng government procurement 
regulations and practices; clarifications on the laws and regulations for intellectual property; 
transparency and availability of financial information for all UAE government -related entities; and 
the financial activities of state -owned enterprises  
4.92.   We also call on the UAE to no longer seek special and differential treatment in current and 
future WTO negotiations. As of 2019, UAE was the ninth  wealthiest economy in the world and was 
designated a "high income" economy by the World  Bank. UAE also accounted for more than 1.5% 
of global merchandise trade. By taking this step, UAE would make an important contribution to 
reforming the WTO and maintaining it as a viable negotiating forum.  
4.93.   We look forward to reviewing the UAE's responses to  our questions  and wish them a very 
successful  Trade Policy Review.  
EUROPEAN  UNION  
4.94.   I would like to welcome the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi , Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises and the team. I would also like to thank the Government of the UAE and the WTO 
Secretariat for their reports, which form the basis of our discussion today. Furthermore, let me 
extend o ur appreciation to the discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia (Ecuador) for his introduction of the 
main developments in the UAE 's economy and trade policies since the country 's last Trade Policy 
Review.  
4.95.   The EU would like to state that it condemns in the strong est possible terms 
Russia n Federation 's unprovoked and unjustified military aggression in Ukraine, which grossly 
violates international law, undermines international security and stability and is inflicting 
unspeakable suffering on the Ukrainian population . The EU has called on the international community 
to demand from the Russia n Federation  an immediate end to this aggression, the withdrawal of its 
military and the respect of Ukraine 's sovereignty and territorial integrity.  
4.96.   We welcome this occasion to eng age in detailed discussion on the trade policy of the UAE, 
which has an impressive and innovative track -record of economic development over the past 
decades.  
4.97.   The UAE is also a very important economic and trading partner for the EU and we look forward 
to further strengthening our co -operation on trade and investment from an already mature and high 
level, which are underscored by the figures of our trade. In 2020, the value of bilateral trade reached 
almost EUR  35 billion and preliminary figures for 2021 indi cate a further increase in EU -UAE trade 
of around EUR  1 billion. As to services, bilateral trade in this sector was close to EUR  26 billion in 
2019 (last available data) and the bilateral stock of FDI in 2019 (last available data) exceeded the 
impressive a mount of EUR  326 billion.  
4.98.   The EU has noted several developments since the previous review, as highlighted in the 
reports from the Secretariat and the UAE. The EU would like to commend the UAE for the policy 
reforms and efforts achieved through "Vision  2021 National Agenda ". We welcome the legislative 
reforms especially the UAE removing ownership restrictions on foreign investment in many sectors 
and other reforms to encourage foreign investment. The EU is looking forward to further reforms as 
announced in the long -term strategy UAE Centennial  2071, aimed at modernising the economic 
environment.  
4.99.   The EU welcomes UAE 's continued commitment to the multilateral trading system, its active 
participation in the WTO negotiations and the Joint Statement Initiativ es on E-Commerce and 
Investment Facilitation. The EU also positively notes that the UAE has completed missing 
notifications under the Trade Facilitation Agreement. We hope that the UAE will consider initiating 
negotiations to join the Government Procuremen t Agreement soon, which would ensure open, fair, 
and transparent conditions of competition and on public procurement. In addition, we would 
encourage UAE to join the services domestic regulation initiative as well as the initiatives related to 
trade and su stainability.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.100.   We welcome UAE 's commitment to achieving net zero emission targets by 2050 - the UAE 
Net Zero Strategic Initiative. As one of the EU 's top policy priorities under the Green  Deal, we are 
committed to working with international partners on thi s important agenda and support UAE 's aim 
to underpin dynamic economic growth alongside positive environmental impact. We continue to 
support the UAE 's economic reforms and efforts to diversify its economy, including as part of the 
ongoing EU -GCC Economic D iversification Dialogue Project, which aims to further economic 
cooperation in a number of key areas with the GCC as a region as well as with individual GCC 
countries, notably the UAE. As the largest internal market of the world, the EU encourages the UAE 
to further the ongoing economic integration and harmonization of rules and standards in the GCC 
context and we are ready to continue sharing our best practices to this end.  
4.101.   There are some areas that the EU believes need attention to ensure swift resolution . The EU 
and several other WTO Members have repeatedly requested that the UAE explain the objective of 
the excise tax regulation and provide a science -based explanation of how the requirement achieves 
its objectives, in particular as regards ensuring no di scrimination between energy drinks and other 
beverages that have similar amounts of sugar.  
4.102.   The EU has also raised questions on a few other areas under market access, including in 
relation to measures covered by the SPS and TBT Agreements. This concerns es pecially the Emirates 
Quality Mark, testing requirements for products like textiles and halal requirements for meat. 
Similarly, the EU has asked clarifications on other priority areas like IPR. Additionally, and in 
particular in view of increased flow of a ssets from the Russia n Federation  to the UAE following 
Russia n Federation's  military aggression, the EU strongly calls on the UAE to step up progress as 
regards enforcement in the field of anti -money laundering measures.  
4.103.   The UAE is a valued trading partne r of the European  Union, we thank the UAE in advance for 
its efforts to respond to our questions, and concerns and we will review the responses carefully. On 
behalf of the EU, I wish the UAE a successful fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
SWITZERLAND  
4.104.   I would like to start by extending a warm welcome to United  Arab Emirates' delegation led 
by the Minister of State H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi. I would also like to thank H.E.  Ambassador 
José Valencia (Ecuador) for his valuable observations as a discussant, an d the Secretariat for its 
substantive contribution to this review.  
4.105.   It is a great pleasure for me to take the floor on this occasion. The UAE have always been a 
strong supporter of the open and rule based multilateral trading system through active participa tion 
in WTO -negotiations, the Joint Statement Initiatives (JSI) on E -Commerce and Investment 
Facilitation and the ITA -I. Regarding ITA, we would encourage the UAE to also participate in the ITA 
expansion. Furthermore, the United  Arab Emirates represent Swi tzerland's largest trading partner 
in the Middle  East and North  Africa (MENA) region and its 12th largest trading partner worldwide. To 
further deepen our trade and investment relations we concluded a free trade agreement, with the 
other EFTA and GCC members, in 2014.  
4.106.   As fossil fuels represent 30% of GDP and 41% of public revenues, the UAE are particu larly 
vulnerable to price fluctuations. To support the government's priority of economic diversification and 
the importance to transform the UAE into a knowledge -based economy, the UAE adopted the 
National Agenda Vision  2021 and the UAE Centenary  2071.  
4.107.   In addition, the UAE have implemented reforms to modernize the business environment, 
improve the rule of law and strengthen the IP protection in the areas of patents and trademarks. 
Aligning with the Energy Strategy launched in 2017, the UAE declared its int ention to achieve a 
target of zero greenhouse -gas-emissions by 2050. We also positively note that the renewable energy 
capacity increased substantially.  
4.108.   Like all WTO Members, the UAE faced challenges due to the pandemic. The main sectors 
impacted by the pa ndemic include oil, tourism, and civil aircraft. This led many foreign workers, on 
which the UAE are highly dependent, to leave the UAE. Nevertheless, the UAE exports of 
non-hydrocarbons remained relatively stable throughout the crisis. Regarding the busin ess climate, WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  we are concerned about the lengthy and costly resolution of commercial disputes, though the new 
Arbitration Law, effective since 2018, is intended to improve this issue.  
4.109.   Today's discussion is also an opportunity to raise some of our concerns. Switzerland has 
submitted questions regarding fiscal policy, trade and investment, rules of origin, tariffs, excise tax, 
import and export restrictions, competition policy, and domestic support in agriculture.  
4.110.   Switzerland is particularly concerned about th e excise tax on selected products such as 
beverages introduced in 2017 and the extension of this tax in December  2019 to additional products 
such as sweetened drinks. Since the introduction of this tax, Switzerland has expressed its concerns 
about the comp atibility of this tax with national treatment, both bilaterally and in the WTO. 
Switzerland would therefore be interested in learning more about the current status of this selective 
tax reform and its request of harmonizing the tax rates for all sweetened beverages.  
4.111.   As mentioned, we have submitted some additional questions in writing and look forward to 
receiving clarification on these issues as well.  
4.112.   This concludes my remarks, and I wish the UAE constructive and fruitful exchanges in the 
context of this Tr ade Policy Review.  
AUSTRALIA  
4.113.   Australia welcomes the opportunity to participate in the United  Arab Emirates' fourth  Trade 
Policy Review. The U nited Arab Emirates (UAE)  is an important partner for Australia at the WTO and 
a valued contributor to the multilat eral trade regime.  
4.114.   Today's context – in particular, the unprovoked and unjustified Russian attack on Ukraine, 
which Australia condemns in the strongest possible terms , as well as the global economic recovery 
from the COVID -19 pandemic  – highlights the need  for our ongoing commitment to the international 
rules-based order, including the multilateral trade regime.  
4.115.   As we approach the WTO's Twelfth  Ministerial  Conference, we look forward to continuing our 
close collaboration with the UAE to strengthen and suppo rt the global trade regime.  
4.116.   The UAE is Australia's largest trade and investment partner in the Middle  East, with 
AUD 6.8 billion in two -way trade in 2020 , and it is our 19th largest export market globally for goods 
and services.  
4.117.   In recognition of this important relationship , Australia and the UAE announced on 
17 March  2022 their intention to negotiate a bilateral Comprehensive Economic Partnership 
Agreement  (CEPA) . An ambiti ous and commercially meaningful agreement will provide improved  
market access for goods and services, enhance d investment opportunities, offer further avenues for  
economic and technical cooperation, and underpin the existing vibrant trade and economic 
relationship.   
4.118.   We acknowledge and welcome the UAE's participation across the WTO. We thank the UAE 
for its ongoing constructive participation in the E-Commerce and Investment Facilitation for 
Development Joint Statement Initiatives  - highlighting its commitmen t to rule -making.  We also 
welcome the UAE's recent decision in February to co -sponsor the Trade and Health Initiative  - which 
sends a positive signal about the important contribution that trade openness has made to the 
pandemic response.  
4.119.   We encourage the UAE to participate in all WTO negotiations , including the Services Domestic 
Regulation Joint Statement Initiative which establishes disciplines to improve transparency and good 
practice in relation to se rvices regulation.  In light of the UAE's investment in its agricultural sector , 
and heavy reliance on imports for its  domestic food security , we would welcome a greater 
contribution by the UAE to multilateral agriculture reform discussions , particularly in  relation to 
domestic support and sustainability goals.  We recognize the UAE's commitment to transparency and 
the WTO notification process , which is an important element of the WTO's efforts  to address global WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  economic challenges. We encourage the UAE to su bmit outstanding  transparency notification s as 
soon as possible.  
4.120.   Australia commends the UAE's l egislative  reforms to modernize its economic environment , 
resulting in improved ease of  doing business, financial confidence and stability, and enhance d 
attraction of foreign direct investment . We acknowledge the concerns raised by some analysts  
regarding the lengthy  and costly resolution of commercial disputes.  We encourage continued effort s 
to address concerns . Greater enforcement of contracts and resolution of insolvencies would make 
an important contribution to strengthen ing the business environment.  
4.121.   Australia notes that since the UAE's last review in 2016 , there ha ve been no significant 
changes to the UAE's customs legislation. We will welcome new efforts  to facilitate, simplify, and 
streamline procedures  related to customs clearance . In particular harmonizing regulatory 
requirements for imported foods and  coordinating border inspection and clearance systems for 
imports the Gulf Cooperation Council  would lower  costs for importers and , in turn,  domestic 
consumers.  
4.122.   Australia commends the UAE's Centennial  2071 Strategy and the sustained commitment to 
diversify its economy and undertake fiscal reform,  moving away from oil and promoting the private 
sector. The UAE 's seven emirates have put in place a wide range of initiatives, laws, and regulations 
to develop a more conducive environment for foreign  business and investment. We are pleased that 
the UAE has reshaped  the Commercial Companies Law , including allowing foreign investor s to own 
up to 100% of most companies in the UAE  - a significant step to meeting its goals of attracting 
increased foreign investment and providing investors with greater certainty  and transparency.  
4.123.   For this review , Australia has submitted a number of written questions . We look forward to 
studying the UAE 's response s to those questions.  
4.124.   We thank the UAE for the manner in which they have meaningfully  engaged with this Trade 
Policy Review and look forward to ongoing trade and investment cooperation with the UAE . 
CHINA  
4.125.   I'd like to extend my warm welcome to the delegation of the UAE led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad 
Belhoul  Al Falasi and appreciate the Government of the UAE for the preparation for this review. 
I would also like to express my gratitude to the discussant, H.E.  Mr José Valencia for his insightful 
remarks. Let me also thank the Secretariat for their invaluable contribution to the Review.  
4.126.   China would like to commend the UAE's efforts to implement its development strategy during 
the review period, including promoting economy diversification, developing international trade 
relations, increasing foreign investment attractiveness, undertaking extensive leg islative reforms, 
improving the efficiency of the judicial system, supporting the multilateral trading system, as well 
as effectively participating in regional integration processes.  
4.127.   The global economy was severely hit by the COVID -19 pandemic since 2020. Nevertheless, 
the UAE has responded rapidly and effectively to the pandemic while adopting various 
macroeconomic policies to promote economic recovery. According to IMF analysts, the UAE's GDP 
growth has reached 2.2% in 2021 and will accelerate significant ly in 2022.  
4.128.   China is delighted to note that the UAE constantly provides facilitation to increase investment 
in the technology sector and continues to make new achievements during its transition to a 
knowledge -based economy. For example, thanks to the succe ssful implementation of 5G related 
strategies, the UAE has become one of the Members where commercial 5G services were 
first launched and is expected to complete 5G coverage of the territory by 2025. China also applauds 
the UAE's ambition to enable itself to become a leading hub for AI as well as an exporter of AI 
technology by adopting relevant strategy, including nominating the world's first  Minister of State for 
AI and establishing the world's first graduate level university specialized in AI.  
4.129.   China appr eciates the UAE's firm commitment to the rule s-based multilateral trading system 
and its substantive contribution to the WTO by accepting the Trade Facilitation Agreement and the WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  TRIPS Amendment. China also commends the UAE's active and constructive engage ment in 
discussion on the WTO response to the COVID -19 pandemic and  looks forward to extensive 
cooperation with the UAE under the framework of JSIs such as investment facilitation for 
development to achieve positive outcomes for MC12.  
4.130.   In addition to the WT O, China highly appreciates the UAE's irreplaceable role in the Belt and 
Road Initiative. Particularly, the China -UAE e -commerce cooperation mechanism launched in 2018 
has benefited both sides and also boosted the economic growth in the Belt and Road count ries. 
Moreover, as co -sponsors of the Initiative for Belt and Road Partnership on COVID -19 Vaccines 
Cooperation, China and the UAE have carried out in depth cooperation in various fields such as 
vaccine clinical trials and vaccine production, serving as an  example of working together to build a 
global community of health for all.  
4.131.   Recent years have seen a rapid growth in the bilateral trade between China and the UAE. 
China has been the UAE's largest trading partner for eight consecutive years, and the UAE ha s been 
China's second  largest trading partner and largest export market among Arab countries for years. 
According to statistics on the Chinese side, the bilateral trade between China and the UAE still 
maintained a positive growth in 2020 despite the world trade fell sharply in 2020 caused by the 
COVID -19 pandemic. In 2021, our bilateral trade volume further reached USD  72.4 billion, up 46.8% 
year on year. The good performance of trade well reflected strong trade potential between China 
and the UAE, which we  believe could be further unleashed by advancing China -GCC FTA negotiations 
and improving infrastructure connectivity.  
4.132.   In October  2021, the seventh meeting of China -UAE Joint Economic and Trade Commission 
was successfully held, which made comprehensive pla ns for the next phase of bilateral economic 
and trade cooperation. China is willing to work with the UAE to jointly implement the plans and 
promote bilateral economic and trade cooperation to a new level.  
4.133.   For this review, China has submitted the questions to the UAE, we appreciate the written 
response from the UAE and we will review them carefully.  
4.134.   Finally, I wish the UAE delegation every success in this TPR.  
NEW ZEALAND  
4.135.   New Zealand welcomes this opportunity to comment on the fourth  Trade Policy Review of 
the United  Arab Emirates. I would like to thank the Government of the United  Arab Emirates and 
the Secretariat for their work in preparing us for this review. Let me also welcome the delegation 
from the UAE, led by His Excellency, Minister Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi.  
4.136.   I would like to begin by commending the UAE's commitment to international rules and the 
multilateral rules -based trading system . With this in mind , we echo the comments made this morning 
by others who have denounced the  Russian  Federation's invasio n of Ukraine as a breach of 
international law. New  Zealand unequivocally condemns the unprovoked and unjustified attack by 
the Russian  Federation on Ukraine , which represents a clear violation of Ukraine's sovereignty  and 
territorial integrity.  
4.137.   Returning to the review process, New Zealand has an active interest in the UAE's trade and 
investment policies. We congratulate the UAE on its robust efforts to diversify the economy and 
transition from a hydrocarbons -based economy to a knowledge -based  economy. We also appreciate 
its efforts to support foreign investment through recent reforms and to promote trade through the 
pursuit of multilateral and bilateral trade agreements. These efforts paid dividends globally as we all 
navigated the travel and supply chain challenges during the pandemic.  
4.138.   New Zealand also commends the UAE 's efforts on climate change and to support 
technological innovation to advance the adoption of renewable energy, including its support for 
renewable energy projects in the Paci fic.  
4.139.   In conclusion, the reports by the United  Arab Emirates ' Government and the Secretariat 
demonstrate a positive trajectory of economic reform, support for foreign direct investment and WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  private sector reforms. These efforts have resulted in positive tra de and economic effects during the 
pandemic.  
4.140.   In conclusion, New  Zealand welcomes further work on  these issues and the opportunity to 
build further on our positive  bilateral  trading relationship. We wish the United  Arab Emirates well for 
this fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
BRAZIL  
4.141.   Brazil would like to thank the Government of the United  Arab Emirates for engaging in its 
fourth  Trade Policy Review and providing Members with an overview of the country's economic 
performance, trade policies and adherence to the mul tilateral trading system.  
4.142.   We would like to welcome the Emirati delegation, headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  
Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, and 
extend greetings to its representatives in Geneva, led by H.E . Mr Ahmed Abdulrahman Al Jarman.  
4.143.   We would also like to express our appreciation to the WTO Secretariat for its thorough and 
comprehensive report, as well as to you, Chair, and the discussant, Ambassador José  Valencia 
(Ecuador), for your contribution to a successful trade monitoring exercise.  
4.144.   Since its previous review in 2016, the UAE continued to promote its long-term strategy of 
development, which is now outlined in the UAE Centennial  2071. Cognizant of the need to diversify 
its economy and lessen its dep endency on the oil sector, the Emirati Government has consistently 
invested in modernizing its economy, attracting foreign investments, and enhancing the ease of 
doing business in the UAE. A central part of this strategy involves the transformation of the UAE into 
a knowledge -based  economy, by increasing productivity, enhancing the competitiveness of national 
companies, and investing in high technology sectors.  
4.145.   Overall, GDP growth has maintained a steady pace throughout the review period, ranging 
between 1. 2% and 3.4%. Notwithstanding 2020's economic downturn, the economy has resumed 
its upward trend in 2021.  
4.146.   In the WTO, Brazil and the UAE are aligned in the efforts to reinvigorate WTO's negotiating 
pillar. Both our countries are committed to promoting a rules -based multilateral trading system as 
a pathway to economic development and embrace the Joint Statement Initiatives on E-Commerce 
and Investment Facilitation.  
4.147.   Brazil and the UAE trade and economic relations continue to grow in magnitude and 
importance. The Brazil UAE trade exchange in 2021 totalled USD  3.3 billion, an increase of 18.5% 
over the previous year. Last year, Brazilian exports to the UAE reached USD  2.32 billion, making it 
the main destination for Brazilian exports to  Arab countries. Brazil, in turn, is the main destination 
for Emirati trade and investment in Latin America.  
4.148.   Brazil and the UAE have observed great complementarity in their economies, particularly in 
the agribusiness sector, as demonstrated by the list of  Brazilian exports to the country. In 2021, 
this sector was responsible for 50.2% of Brazilian exports. Since 2019, there has been an increase 
in other items, especially gold and ores (approximately 20%), followed by industrialized products 
(9.6%).  
4.149.   Beside s trade, foreign investment in both directions has been a notable component of the 
economic relationship of our countries. The UAE serves as the regional headquarter for the 
Middle  East of innumerous Brazilian companies (such as BRF, JBS, Embraer, Vale, WE G, Marcopolo 
and Tramontina), and several other Brazilian companies are beginning operations in the Emirati 
market. The UAE, through its sovereign wealth funds, has also been an important investor in Brazil, 
operating mainly in the Brazilian financial mark et and infrastructure sector.  
4.150.   Brazilian authorities have shown great interest in the UAE's modernizing strategy, 
opportunities for foreign investors, the regulatory environment, and implementation of 5G networks, WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  cybersecurity policy, among other issues. W e thank the Emirati Government in advance for providing 
clarifications to the several questions posed by Brazil.  
4.151.   After internal consultations with government agencies and the private sector, certain aspects 
were identified as possible areas for improvement , such as the speed of analysis of sanitary 
certificates and transparency regarding the halal certification requirements. Clarifications from the 
Emirati authorities on these issues will be much appreciated as these might have an important role 
in facilita ting the access of a wide range of Brazilian products to the Emirati market.  
4.152.   We wish the UAE a successful Trade Policy Review.  
THAILAND  
4.153.   At the outset, Thailand is delighted to participate in the fourth  Trade Policy Review of the 
United  Arab Emirates and wo uld like to extend our warm welcome to the UAE  delegation led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for  Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises, Ministry of Economy  of the UAE . 
4.154.   We would also like to thank Ambassador José  Valencia  of Ecuador, for his contribution as a 
discussant today, as well as the UAE Government and the WTO Secretariat for preparing the 
comprehensive reports.  
4.155.   Thailand and the UAE have enjoyed a long -cherished diplomatic tie for nearly 50  years, 
dating bac k to 1975. Since then, the two  countries have developed cooperation and advanced 
bilateral partnership in various sectors of common interest, and such amicable bonds have still grown 
stronger.  
4.156.   In June  2021, Thailand and the United  Arab Emirates virtually c onvened the second Joint 
Commission Meeting, demonstrating the sincere commitment to enhance the ties between the 
two countries despite the pandemic situation.  
4.157.   Thailand has high hopes that, once the Joint Trade Committee (JTC) is successfully 
established i n the near future, which currently the MOU of establishment is under the UAE's 
consideration, it will serve as a vital mechanism for both sides to meet on a regular basis to discuss 
various issues aimed at stimulating trade and investment between the two  countries. This is 
particularly to explore potential for deepening the dynamic relationship through the development of 
the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between Thailand and the UAE.  
4.158.   On the trade front, the UAE is Thailand's largest tr ading partner in the Middle  East. Our 
bilateral trade value increased by 66.2 % from 2020 to more than USD 12 billion in 2021. Trade 
between the two  countries is dominated by crude oil, automobiles and parts, metal ores, wood and 
wood products, and precious  stones and jewellery . 
4.159.   On the investment front, the UAE has continued to be a significant foreign investor in our 
country. In January of this year, the Abu  Dhabi Fund for Development (ADFD) announced a 
USD 104.8 million investment in five  tourist resort as sets in Thailand. This is the ADFD's 
first investment in Thailand's tourism and hospitality sector, and we hope that it will be the first of 
many in the future.  
4.160.   We recognize the UAE's dynamic role in supporting the multilateral trading system, 
particularly as an active participant in WTO negotiations and the Joint Statement Initiatives on 
E-Commerce and Investment Facilitation and recently make the best efforts to fulfil WTO obligations 
by submitting notifications in a variety of areas su ch as agriculture, GATS, rules of origin, and TRIPS.  
4.161.   Thailand appreciates the UAE's ongoing reform efforts, attempting to strengthen the 
country's position as a regional trade and investment hub, as embodied by the national legislative 
amendment and the lo ng-established free zone regime, which allow 100 % foreign ownership. 
However, the UAE should pursue a comprehensive and transparent approach to trade policy 
information and regulations, as well as consistency rules and regulations at the Emirates level, in  
order to improve and foster seamless trade relations with trading partners.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.162.   In this review, Thailand has submitted a number of questions on various areas of the UAE's 
trade and economic policy, and we thank the UAE for responding to our questions and look  forward 
to thoroughly reviewing them.  
4.163.   Finally, Thailand welcomes the UAE's participation in the WTO under the competent 
leadership of Ambassador Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman, the UAE's Permanent Representative to 
the WTO. We wish the UAE delegation a succe ssful Trade Policy Review and look forward to 
strengthening our partnership at all levels.  
PHILIPPINES  
4.164.   The Philippine delegation warmly welcomes and congratulates the delegation of the 
United  Arab Emirates led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister o f State for Entrepreneurship 
and Small and Medium Enterprises, on their fourth  Trade Policy Review. We also thank 
H.E. Mr José Valencia, Permanent Representative of Ecuador to the WTO, for his insightful comments 
as discussant, and the WTO Secretariat for a comprehensive report.  
4.165.   The Philippines and the United  Arab Emirates (UAE) established diplomatic relations on 
19 August  1974. For more than four  decades, our two  countries have strengthened our mutually 
beneficial relations through bilateral agreements in  the areas of trade, investment, labour , 
education, and sports, among others.  
4.166.   The UAE ranked as the Philippines ' top trading partner in the Middle  East and the 23rd in the 
world with total trade amounting to UDS 705.86  million in 2020. Top Philippine exports to the UAE 
include bananas, pineapples, storage units, and static converters. Major Philippine imports from the 
UAE are light petroleum oils, butanes, propane, petroleum oils, and  generating sets with 
compression -ignition.  
4.167.   In terms of in vestments, the UAE ranked as the Philippines ' 17th top source of approved 
investments in 2019 valued at USD 13.2 million. To further promote investments between our 
two economies, an Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement (IPPA) was signed in 
Februa ry 2022, which aims to promote and facilitate UAE investments to the Philippines in key 
sectors of interest such as agribusiness, energy efficiency technologies and renewable energy, 
infrastructure, IT -BPM, oil and gas, and tourism.  
4.168.   The Philippines and the UAE also signed the launching of the discussion for the 
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) at the sidelines of the Expo  Dubai  2020 
this year. The CEPA aims to strengthen trade, improve investment flows, remove trade  barriers, and 
create new business opportunities between our two  countries. It will build on the shared objectives 
being pursued under the IPPA and the proposed Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Economic 
and Technical Cooperation, which are both underwa y. 
4.169.   The MOU on Economic and Technical Cooperation provides for the establishment of a Joint 
Economic Commission which will facilitate the implementation of cooperation initiatives on trade and 
investment particularly in the areas of agribusiness, manufactur ing, renewable energy, real estate 
development, logistics, transportation, communication, tourism, technology, and innovation.  
4.170.   UAE ranks as the second  largest destination of overseas Filipinos in the Middle East. There 
are over 700,000  Overseas Filipino W orkers (OFW) in UAE, the third largest group of foreign workers 
in the UAE. Given our economic complementarities and the strong ties between our peoples, the 
bilateral agreements forged denote a commitment from both countries to work together to deepen 
cooperation and stimulate business initiatives on the basis of mutual benefit.  
4.171.   The UAE is the second -largest economy of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) after the 
Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia. It has remarkably maintained a stable economic, political, and 
invest or-friendly environment, and sustained its economic growth despite recessions in the global 
economy, fluctuations in oil prices, and the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic.  
4.172.   The Philippines notes UAE 's long -term vision under the UAE Centennial  2071, which incl udes 
four main pillars: a future -focused government; excellent education offerings; a diversified WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  knowledge economy; and a more cohesive society. Its ' current initiatives build upon the 
implementation of the National Agenda 2021 which was aimed to transfor m the UAE into a 
knowledge -based economy, by increasing productivity, enhancing the competitiveness of national 
companies, and investing in high -technology sectors.  
4.173.   The Philippines recognizes UAE 's commitment to the rules -based multilateral trading system  
and active participation in the WTO negotiations. It participates in many of the Joint Statement 
Initiatives including on e -commerce and investment facilitation, emphasizing the development 
dimension should remain at the core of WTO rules. It actively sup ports a multilateral response to 
the COVID -19 pandemic by adhering to several joint statements in this regard, including the 
COVID -19 and the multilateral trading system; responding to the COVID -19 pandemic with open 
and predictable trade in agricultural and food products; agriculture export prohibition or restrictions 
relating to the world food programs; and the importance of MSMEs in the time of COVID -19. 
4.174.   The Philippines therefore commends the significant developments in UAE 's economic polic ies, 
and we look forward to learning more about these policies through this trade policy review process. 
Our delegation has submitted advance written questions and we thank the UAE delegation for their 
prompt replies.  
4.175.   In closing, the Philippines looks for ward to further enhancing the mutually beneficial 
economic relations with the United  Arab Emirates in the bilateral, regional, and multilateral fora.  
UNITED  KINGDOM  
4.176.   On behalf of Her Majesty's Government, I am pleased to welcome the United  Arab Emirates 
delegation led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small 
and Medium Enterprises. I am also grateful to the Government of the UAE and to colleagues from 
the WTO Secretariat for their respective reports, and to the Cha ir and our discussant, 
H.E. Mr José Valencia, Ambassador of Ecuador, for facilitating this Trade Policy Review.  
4.177.   We cannot ignore the extraordinary situation in which this review takes place. The 
Secretariat reports notes that the global pandemic led to a decline in real GDP in the UAE, particularly 
in Dubai. The UAE Central Bank forecasts a return to GDP growth in 2021. The current turmoil in the 
global economy, resulting from Russian  Federation's illegal and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, 
jeopardises the  UAE's return to growth, as it disrupts global agricultural supply chains in particular 
and undermines the principles of the multilateral trading system. We echo other Members who have 
spoken this morning, in our unequivocal condemnation of unprovoked and unjustified Russian 
aggression against Ukraine.  
4.178.   The United  Kingdom and the UAE enjoy a deep and historic relationship. Last week, 
Prime  Minister Boris  Johnson visited the UAE to discuss opportunities to increase our bilateral 
collaboration on energy secur ity, defence and trade, building on the longstanding partnership 
between our two  countries. The ambitious Partnership for the Future agreed last  September will 
enable us to work closely together to tackle the shared global challenges that we face, promote 
prosperity and security for our citizens, tackle climate change, and expand the exchange of 
knowledge, skills and ideas.  
4.179.   The UAE is a major trading partner of the United  Kingdom, with total bilateral trade in goods 
and services standing at USD  16.2 billion  in the year ending September  2021, thus making the UAE 
the United  Kingdom's largest trading partner in the Middle  East. The United  Kingdom and the UAE 
also enjoy a healthy investment relationship. Last year we signed a Sovereign Investment 
Partnership, an d the United  Kingdom is amongst the UAE's top investment destinations in Europe.  
4.180.   In November  2021, we held our seventh UK -UAE Ministerial Joint Economic Committee to 
boost trade and investment ties even further. This was held in the UK pavilion at Dubai  Expo and 
resulted in agreed cooperation in a range of priority trading sectors which ultimately will create more 
jobs and greater prosperity for both our countries. I would also like to congratulate the UAE on their 
very successful hosting of the Dubai  Expo. 
4.181.   The United  Kingdom anticipates a UK -GCC Free Trade Agreement will further strengthen 
what is already a strong bilateral trading relationship with the UAE.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.182.   The United  Kingdom would like to acknowledge the positive developments since the UAE 's 
previous Tra de Policy Review, highlighted in the reports from the Secretariat and the UAE. These 
developments include the progress made in the liberalisation of services with the GCC, as well as 
legal and regulatory changes seeking to align the domestic economic envir onment with global best 
practices.  
4.183.   The United  Kingdom is the world 's second  largest exporter of services and services 
accounted for 45% of our bilateral trading relationship with UAE over the most recent period. This 
is an area we look forward to continui ng to boost our collaboration with the UAE in, and as such a 
number of our questions relate to this area.  
4.184.   We note that a number of our advanced written questions remain unanswered, and we look 
forward to receiving replies in the immediate future. We submi tted a number of questions pertaining 
to intellectual property, and we hope to work collaboratively with the UAE on future developments 
in this area. We welcome the announcement of a reduction in trademark fees relating to intellectual 
property and are kee n to understand its implications for intellectual property protection.  
4.185.   The United  Kingdom would like to recognise the UAE 's continued efforts to diversify its 
economy and transition away from hydrocarbon exports. In this context, we would also like to 
congratulate the UAE 's recently announced Net  Zero by 2050 Strategic Initiative; and look forward 
to working collaboratively in this area in the lead up to COP28 in Dubai next year.  
4.186.   The United  Kingdom thanks our counterparts from the United  Arab Emirates for their 
continued engagement. We look forward to building on this momentum and wish them a successful 
fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
REPUBLIC  OF KOREA  
4.187.   Korea would like to extend warm welcome the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates, led 
by Honour able Minister Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi. I would like to thank the WTO Secretariat and the 
delegation of UAE for their informative reports. My special appreciation is also extended to 
Ambassador  José Valencia of Ecuador for his contribution as a discussant.  
4.188.   Before I began, I wish to echo the previous speakers on the situation in Ukraine. The Korean 
Government also strongly condemns Russian  Federation's armed invasion against Ukraine, which 
violates the principles of the UN Charter. The use of force leading t o the loss of innocent lives cannot 
be justified under any circumstances. Ukraine's sovereignty, territorial integrity and political 
independence must be respected.  
4.189.   Korea and the UAE have maintained and developed close relations since establishing their 
diplomatic ties in 1980. Both countries have enjoyed mutually complementary economic relations, 
with Korea importing crude oil, oil products, and raw aluminium from the UAE, and the UAE mainly 
purchasing vehicle parts and cars from Korea.  
4.190.   Based on the grow ing cooperation, in 2018, Korea and the UAE agreed to upgrade the 
bilateral relationship into a special strategic partnership. Furthermore, in 2021, the two  countries 
jointly announced to start negotiations on a bilateral trade deal targeting a broad expan sion of 
economic ties. The Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the two will 
include deals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop green technology. We look forward 
to working closely with the UAE in the ongoing FTA negotiatio ns and to reaching a comprehensive 
and high -level agreement in the near future.  
4.191.   Turning to the trade policies and practices of the UAE, Korea commends the 
United  Arab Emirates' sustained commitment to diversify its economy away from oil and gas . During 
the review period, the UAE's real GDP growth ranged between 1.2% and 3.4%, mainly led by the 
non-oil sectors; with strenuous efforts to prepare for a post -oil future, today, the UAE's non -oil 
sectors account for more than 70% of its GDP.  
4.192.   Korea wel comes the UAE's new long -term vision of UAE Centennial  2071, which aims to 
become a knowledge -based economy, by increasing productivity, improving competitiveness of WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  private sectors, and investing in high -tech sectors. Korea notes that as part of these ini tiatives, the 
UAE makes efforts to modernize the economic environment, and to remove FDI restrictions in 
various sectors, by undertaking relevant legislative reforms, including the amendment of the 
Commercial Companies Law (CCL).  
4.193.   In particular, the revised  CCL introduced reforms to open the onshore economy, by 
eliminating restrictions on foreign ownership. However, restrictions for sectors of strategic interest 
still remain, about which Korea would like to learn more. Korea submitted written questions on th is 
and will appreciate if the UAE provides clarifications on the positive or negative lists relating to 
sectors of strategic interest, its update frequency, and the specific differences between sectors of 
strategic interest and others.  
4.194.   Korea also commends  the UAE's commitment to the rules -based multilateral trading system 
and its active participation in WTO negotiations including JSI on E -Commerce and Investment 
Facilitation. Korea encourages the UAE to consider participating in other plurilateral initiati ves such 
as MSMEs, TESSD or IDP. In particular, considering that the UAE will host the COP28 in 2023, it is 
highly recommended for the UAE to show more ambitious climate leadership in the WTO.  
4.195.   Regarding government procurement, Korea would encourage the UA E to consider improving 
its relevant rules for participation of foreign companies: (i)  Under its current system, foreign 
suppliers may be required to partner with UAE nationals or to have a local service agent to be public 
tenders; (ii)  In addition to that , the UAE 's recent expansion of In -Country Value (ICV) scheme could 
be a trade barrier for foreign companies.  
4.196.   In conclusion, the reports by the UAE Government and the Secretariat show the positive 
economic trajectory of economic reform in the UAE. Again, we commend the UAE for its continued 
efforts to make the overall trading environment more open, transparent, and efficient. Thank you 
and we wish the UAE a successful fourth  Trade Policy Review . 
ARGENTINA  
4.197.   We would like to join other Members in welcoming th e delegation of the UAE, headed by H.E. 
Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises.  
4.198.   At the same time, we thank the Government of the UAE and the Secretariat for their reports, 
which have enabled us t o deepen our understanding of this Member's trade practices. Our thanks 
also go to Ambassador José  Valencia of Ecuador for his comments and observations.  
4.199.   The UAE is a valued trading partner of Argentina. Trade between our countries has 
traditionally been in surplus for Argentina and has been focused on agri -food products. According to 
the provisional data for 2021, Argentine exports amounted to USD  773.5  million and imports to 
USD 337.6  million. We mainly export mineral fuels, grains and animal feed to the  UAE. In turn, the 
UAE provides us with mineral fuels and articles of plastic and glass.  
4.200.   Bilateral trade is still far from reaching its potential. There are opportunities to expand and 
diversify trade, not only to contribute to the food security of this re gion, but also to increase trade 
in industrial and high value -added goods, for example in the nuclear, energy transition, aerospace 
and satellite sectors.  
4.201.   We would like to highlight the working meeting held between the Argentine Minister for 
Foreign Affairs, Santiago  Cafiero, and the Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, 
Abdullah  bin Zayed  Al Nahyan, during the former's visit to the UAE, in which they stressed the 
excellent level of the bilateral relationship and discussed the ma in items on the bilateral agenda and 
opportunities for investment and cooperation between our countries.  
4.202.   Moreover, we welcome the fact that the second meeting of the Joint Economic Committee  
was held a few days ago, which will be highly useful for deepenin g ties in sectors of mutual interest; 
strengthening cooperation; establishing a strategic alliance in the area of energy; and making WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  progress on capacity building and technology transfer and trade in various areas such as, inter alia, 
the energy transition , the aerospace and satellite sector, biotechnology and software applications.  
4.203.   Argentina also values the opportunity to participate in the Expo  2020 Dubai, and 
acknowledges its successful organization and, in particular, the additional efforts that organiz ing an 
event of this magnitude during a pandemic requires. We appreciate the support received and the 
opportunity to participate in various cultural events and events for the dissemination of our 
technological capacities. This included the celebration of A rgentina's National Day on 15  March, 
attended by the Argentine Minister for Foreign Affairs, who led the celebration together with the 
Minister for Tolerance and Coexistence, Nahyan  Bin Mubarak  Al Nahyan.  
4.204.   Turning to the UAE's economic situation, Argentina is pleased to note the sustained growth 
in the country's GDP and commends the efforts undertaken by its authorities to diversify its 
economy, recognizing that the measures for the digital transformation strategy have been key for 
the resilience of the UAE' s economy during the COVID -19 pandemic.  
4.205.   It is also worth mentioning the measures adopted by the UAE to tackle imbalances caused 
by the COVID -19 pandemic and maintain the competitiveness of its economy, as well as to ensure 
the functioning of its logistics  operations, which are highly important given its position as a key 
logistics hub.  
4.206.   In addition, we highlight the importance of the UAE as a global investor. Emirati investment 
in Argentina can be found in the logistics and tourism sectors. We hope to expa nd investment into 
other potential sectors such as agri -food production, clean energy and connectivity.  
4.207.    Lastly, Argentina is pleased to observe the progress made by the UAE towards gender 
equality, and we encourage it to continue working along these lines . 
4.208.    Argentina acknowledges the UAE's commitment to the functioning of the multilateral trading 
system. Like the UAE, we recognize the importance of revitalizing the WTO so that it may respond 
to present and future challenges, addressing the needs and concer ns of all its Members.  
4.209.    As part of this Trade Policy Review, we have submitted questions to the UAE regarding its 
space strategy, regional agreements, the functioning of customs clearance and licensing in free 
zones, and tariffs and import restrictions on  certain special products. We thank the UAE in advance 
for the replies provided, which will be duly studied by our authorities in Buenos  Aires.  
4.210.   To conclude, we reiterate our appreciation of this renewed opportunity to exchange 
reflections on this Member's trade practices. We wish the delegation of the UAE a successful 
conclusion to this Review.  
INDIA  
4.211.   Let me begin by extending a warm welcome to the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates 
led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entreprene urship and Small and 
Medium Enterprises, in the Ministry of Economy. My delegation would further, like to commend the 
Government of UAE and the WTO Secretariat for the comprehensive reports prepared for the Review. 
We would also thank the discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia (Ecuador) for his insightful remarks.   
4.212.   India and the UAE enjoy multi -dimensional strategic partnership with trade and investment 
ties and people to people connections being the two key pillars. The regular and high -level visits and 
exchang es among our leadership, the most recent being the visit of Honourable Prime  Minister of 
India to the UAE in August  2019, have laid a strong foundation for further expansion of our ties. 
These exchanges have catalysed our bilateral efforts to combat the CO VID-19 pandemic and to 
advance the relations in the areas of healthcare and food security.  
4.213.   Growing bilateral economic and commercial relations have contributed to the stability and 
strength of our rapidly diversifying relationship. India -UAE trade, valued  at USD  180 million 
per annum in the 1970s, in recent years stands at nearly USD  60 billion making UAE, India's 
third largest trading partner for the year 2019 -20.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.214.   The UAE is the nineth  biggest investor in India in terms of FDI, with an overall investment 
estimated to be around USD  17 billion -USD 18 billion. There are immense opportunities to further 
enhance the level of bilateral trade and investments particularly given the fact that the business 
ecosystems in both countries share a great deal o f synergies and complementarities. There is a 
strong commitment from both sides to further harness the potential in our trade and economic 
relationship. Both sides are committed to strengthening and diversifying cooperation in new areas 
like renewable ener gy, green hydrogen, climate action, start -ups, up -skilling and fintech.  
4.215.   The India -UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was signed on 
18 February  2022 and is an example of this deepening engagement. Achieving this feat within 
three  months  of commencing the negotiations, and that too during a pandemic where physical 
meetings were difficult, sets a new benchmark in bilateral trade negotiations. The India UAE CEPA 
is the first  bilateral trade accord concluded by the UAE and India's first  bilateral trade agreement in 
the Middle  East and Northern  Africa Region. The agreement promises to provide significant benefits 
to the businesses in both  countries, including reduced tariffs and enhanced market access, while 
also breathing new energy into trad ing corridors from Africa to Asia and laying the foundations for 
future growth. CEPA will usher in a new era of strategic cooperation between both countries. It will 
transform bilateral economic and investment ties, promote global trade liberalization, and  drive 
economic growth in a post -COVID world. India has immensely contributed to the growth of UAE with 
participation of human workforce. CEPA will further enhance this participation with the UAE 
committing to provide 1.4  million work visas for highly skil led professionals from India. As a result, 
India will become a premier source of skilled human capital to the UAE and the larger Gulf region in 
the coming years.  
4.216.   The UAE has shown immense resilience and commitment to development of its economy, 
which is re flected today in the ongoing Dubai  Expo 2020, one of the largest events being undertaken 
in the backdrop of the pandemic. The open and liberal trade and investment regime, friendly 
business environment, world -class infrastructure, has enabled UAE to emerge  as a leading global 
investment and financial centre and a crucial trading gateway. We commend the UAE for concluding 
the implementation of its Vision  2021 National Agenda and welcome the launch of long -term 
development strategy, named the UAE Centennial  2071. Both strategies have focussed on the 
transformation of the UAE into a knowledge -based  economy, by increasing productivity, enhancing 
the competitiveness of national companies, and investing in high technology sectors. In this regard, 
it is worth notin g the progressive restructuring of its legal and regulatory environment to align with 
global best practices, especially the intellectual property and innovation ecosystem and promoting 
facilitative trade and investment. We wish the UAE every success in imp lementing its 
UAE Centennial  2071 strategy for achieving a balanced economic growth.  
4.217.   As part of this TPR exercise, my delegation had submitted several questions on various 
schemes, policies and measures of the UAE Government in areas like goods, services, intellectual 
property, energy sector, and trade facilitation. We thank UAE for their replies to these questions, 
which will be reviewed by our capital.  
4.218.   We welcome the commitment of the UAE to the multilateral trading system. Both  India and 
the UAE have sh ared interest in a strong and effective multilateral trading system, and we look 
forward to working with the UAE towards achieving this shared objective. We remain committed to 
cooperate and partner with the UAE in further expanding and deepening of our tr ade and investment 
ties for mutual benefit. In closing, India wishes the delegation of the UAE a productive and successful 
Trade Policy Review.  
INDONESIA  
4.219.   First, Indonesia would like join Members to express our warm welcome to H.E.  Dr Ahmad 
Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, and 
other members of the delegation to the Trade Policy Review of the United  Arab Emirates.  
4.220.   Indonesia would also like to convey our congratulation to my colleague Ambassador 
Ángel  Villalobos  Rodríguez on your election as the Chair of the Trade Policy Review Body, the 
discussant my colleague Ambassador José  Valencia for his insightfu l remark, and our appreciation 
to WTO Secretariat and the delegation of the UAE for their excellent preparation, including through 
the comprehensive reports.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.221.   The United  Arab Emirates, as the second -largest economy in the Gulf Cooperation Council, 
is well c onnected to regional and worldwide markets due to its strategic location on the 
Arabian  Peninsula and its ports. Since the UAE economy remains reliant on the oil and gas sectors, 
the Government's top priorities are to diversify income sources, as well as t o reinforce the country's 
position as a trade and investment hub.  
4.222.   During the review period, Indonesia noted that the UAE completed its Vision  2021 National 
Agenda implementation and announced its long -term growth strategy, UAE  Centennial  2071. 
Both initiat ives intended to boost productivity, boost national company competitiveness, and invest 
in high -tech areas. In order to modernize the economic environment, the UAE also reforms its 
legislation and removes ownership limitations on foreign investment in vari ous areas.  
4.223.   Since its accession to the WTO, the UAE has been actively involved in WTO discussions, 
notably the Joint Statement Initiatives on E -Commerce and Investment Facilitation, as well as 
supporting a global response to the COVID -19 pandemic. Moreover,  the UAE has committed to 
implement nearly all provisions contained in the Agreement on Trade Facilitation upon the 
Agreement's entry into force in February  2017. According to the WTO  TFA database, the 
implementation commitments stood at 97.9% in June  2021. 
4.224.   With a total trade value of USD 2.9 billion in 2020 and USD 4 billion in 2021, the UAE 
placed  23rd for global export destination and 17th for import source. Indonesia, in this regard, has 
built a close partnership with the UAE and now ranked  fifth in ter ms of UAE trade with ASEAN 
members. Animal or vegetable fats and oils, as well as electrical machinery, are the most commonly 
exported products from Indonesia to the UAE, while mineral fuels, iron and steel, and plastics are 
the most commonly imported prod ucts from the UAE to Indonesia. In terms of investment, Indonesia 
and the United  Arab Emirates signed Bilateral Investment Treaties in July  2019.  
4.225.   Indonesia has submitted a list of written questions about the digital economy, government 
procurement, women p articipation in the global economy, and the food and pharmaceuticals sectors. 
According to the Secretariat report, the UAE requires all ingredients, including food additives, the 
origin of any ingredients of animal origin, the country of origin, the produc er's address, expiry dates, 
and storage conditions label should be in Arabic. We would want to know more about the other label 
that should meet the criterion, as well as the UAE's efforts to promote eco -friendly cosmetic products 
and their potential market . 
4.226.   Indonesia has requested further details on Law No.  8 of 2019, which stated that medical 
products may not be subject to price discounts. It would be helpful if the UAE Government could 
explain and describe specific price discounts it is referring to.  
4.227.   Indeed, women, including in MSMEs, continue to face barriers to participating in the global 
economy. In light of this, Indonesia welcomes the UAE's efforts to boost women's involvement in 
the economy, including through the promotion of gender equality legislat ion and the establishment 
of the Gender Balance Council in 2015.  
4.228.   Regarding the telecommunications sector, we see that the overall number of telecoms 
subscribers in the UAE has fallen throughout the review period. Indonesia is curious in learning about 
the various causes of the decrease, including UAE measures related to the satellite 
telecommunications, special telecommunications, artificial intelligence, fifth  generation (5G), and its 
trend.  
4.229.   To conclude our remarks, Indonesia will continue to strengthen its cooperation and 
engagement with the UAE in the multilateral, regional, and bilateral fronts. Indonesia once again 
thanks the delegation of the UAE for their immense work for this review and  finally, Indonesia wishes 
the UAE for a successful fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
THE KINGDOM  OF SAUDI  ARABIA  ON BEHALF  OF THE ARAB  GROUP  
4.230.   On behalf of the Arab Group, I would like to extend a very warm welcome to the distinguished 
delegation of the United  Arab Emirates headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State 
for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.231.   We wish to thank our brothers in United  Arab Emirates and the WTO Secretariat for their 
detailed and comprehensive Trade Policy Review reports. We also thank the discussant 
H.E. Mr José Valencia, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Ecuador to the WTO for his 
insightful remarks.  
4.232.   The Trade Policy Review report of the Secretariat highlights that the United  Arab Emirates 
economy , like the rest of the world economies, has been facing the challenges caused by COVID -19 
pandemic which led to GDP contraction by 6.1% in 2020. However, due to adoption of some 
measures by the Government to mitigate the pandemic's impact on the economy, U AE real  
GDP growth is expected to reach 2.1% in 2021.  
4.233.   The Arab  Group and the GCC  would like to commend UAE for launched its long -term 
development strategy, UAE  Centennial  2071, which aim to transform the UAE economy into a 
knowledge based one by increasing  productivity, enhancing the competitiveness of national 
companies, and investing in high -technology sectors.  
4.234.   The UAE is to be commended for being committed to the rules -based multilateral trading 
system and its actively participations in the WTO negotiati ons, and for its long-established  free zones 
regime as attracting foreign investment is an essential element of the UAE's strategy to diversify its 
economy and consolidate the country's position as a regional trade and investment hub .  
4.235.   We congratulate UAE for establish ing its new federal export credit agency in 2017, launch ing 
a 10-year strategy aiming to increase the industrial sector's contribution to GDP from AED  133 billion 
to AED  300 billion by 2031 ; and  implemen ting several regulatory changes to its i ntellectual 
property  (IP) regime, and launch ing the UAE Energy Strategy  2050.  
4.236.   Before I conclude, I would like to say a few words on behalf of the Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia. 
Saudi  Arabia and United  Arab Emirates are not only neighbours enjoying brotherly outstanding 
relations supported by shared memberships in the GCC, Arab  League, and OIC, but they are 
prominent trading partners. Trade exchange between the two  countries exceeded SAR  78 billion 
in 2020, which ranked them amongst each other's main  trading partners. Moreover, Saudi -Emirati 
Coordination Council which was established in 2016 to consolidate the brotherly relations and to 
intensify bilateral cooperation through continuous consultation and coordination in many fields 
between the two  countries and due to their desire remains very active in paving the way for closer 
economic ties to strengthen trade cooperation and to enhance business opportunities between the 
two countries.  
4.237.   At the end, I would like to thank H.E.  Mr Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative of the United  Arab Emirates to the WTO and his distinguished team for 
the excellent cooperation between our two  missions here in Geneva which serves our mutual 
interests.  
4.238.   To conclude, we wish our brothers in the United  Arab Emirates a very successful Trade Policy 
Review.  
UKRAINE  
4.239.   Ukraine would like to extend a very warm welcome to the delegation of the 
United  Arab Emirates, led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneursh ip 
and Small and Medium Enterprises. We appreciate the significant work of the Chair, the WTO 
Secretariat, discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia , and the Government of the UAE to prepare to this 
review.  
4.240.   Ukraine commends the UAE's economic priorities and choice  of a gradual and deliberate path 
of transformation towards a knowledge -based economy followed by investment into new 
technologies and more liberalized economic policies to enhance the competitiveness of the country's 
business environment.  
4.241.   Our country atta ches great importance to developing trade and economic cooperation with 
the United  Arab Emirates, both at the bilateral level as well as within the WTO.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.242.   In 2021, Ukrainian -UAE's trade in goods increased by 23.2% compared to 2020, trade in 
services raised by 29.9% compared to the same period.  
4.243.   Analysis of bilateral trade and economic relations between Ukraine and the UAE 
demonstrates the availability of significant potential for further development of bilateral economic 
and investment cooperation.  
4.244.   Ukraine actively participates in numerous international exhibitions being held in the UAE and 
interested in improving access to the United  Arab Emirates market of agricultural products and 
services, including financial services.  
4.245.   We are convinced that regardless th e disaster in Ukraine made by the Russian aggression 
and challenges, we can continue developing our trade and economic relationships.  
4.246.   The Russian  Federation continues to commit a blatant act of aggression against my country 
through its unprovoked and unju stified military invasion, an attack on the sovereignty and territorial 
integrity of Ukraine in a brutal violation of basic norms and principles of international law, as well as 
of the purpose and principles of this Organization.  
4.247.   We think that most delegat ions can agree that events of the past three  weeks have already 
intensified uncertainty in the world economy and financial system, and they will have further 
systemic consequences.  
4.248.   It is hard to forecast disruptive effect of the Russian  Federation's  aggres sion against Ukraine 
on economic activity and international trade, including our bilateral trade with the 
United  Arab Emirates. It has caused the rise in food and energy prices and negatively affected 
product supply chains. Nevertheless, we look forward to  seeing  the UAE's possible contribution in 
mitigation of trade and economic implications of the crisis and preventing the rise in commodity 
prices.  
4.249.   Ukraine wishes the delegation of the UAE very successful Trade Policy Review and look 
forward to further str engthening our bilateral relations and cooperation.  
KAZAKHSTAN  
4.250.   Kazakhstan warmly welcomes the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises. We express  our gratitude to the Government of UAE for its informative report and 
statement. We also thank Ambassador José  Valencia  (Ecuador) for his insightful comments as a 
discussant and the WTO Secretariat for its comprehensive report.  
4.251.   Kazakhstan enjoys fruitful  strategic cooperation with UAE and attaches high importance to 
further deepening bilateral economic and trade relations. UAE is a key and second -largest trading 
partner of my country in the Middle  East.  
4.252.   In 2021, our bilateral merchandise trade volume inc reased almost by 50% despite all the 
disruptions caused by the COVID -19 pandemic and constituted USD  709 million. Kazakhstan ranks 
second in UAE's import among the CIS countries.  
4.253.   Aside from trade, the volume of direct investment from UAE to Kazakhstan ove r the past 
15 years has exceeded USD  2.5 billion, while investment from Kazakhstan to the UAE reached over 
USD 1 billion. More than 350  enterprises with the UAE capital successfully operates in Kazakhstan. 
We have an ambitious plan to implement joint investment projects worth USD  4 billion.  
4.254.   We commend the Government of UAE for implementing an ambitious reform agenda since 
its last review. Particularly we note our  strong focus on UAE's Vision  2021 National Agenda, which 
successfully concluded last  year. We also appreciate the launch of UAE's long -term development 
strategy "UAE  Centennial  2071" aimed at transforming the Emirates into a knowledge -based  
economy by inc reasing productivity, enhancing the competitiveness of national companies and 
investing in high -technology sectors. As part of these initiatives, the UAE introduced measures to WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  improve the rule of law, undertook extensive legislative reforms aimed at moder nizing the economic 
environment, and removed ownership restrictions on foreign investment in many sectors.  
4.255.   In this regard, we are pleased to see that UAE, in 2020, thanks to the introduced reforms, 
advanced 9 ranks to become 15th globally for attracting fo reign direct investment according to the 
UNCTAD World Investment Report. The IMD World Competitiveness Center also ranked UAE 
favourably and in 2021 it came 10th, the highest position in the Middle  East and was ranked  
1st globally in 4 indexes, one of them  being "Cybersecurity".  
4.256.   We also applaud the ongoing Expo  2020 Dubai, successfully hosted by UAE. This global event 
represents a significant milestone for the Emirates as the country celebrated its Golden  Jubilee 
last year, marking 50  years of progress and achievements. We believe that the Expo  2020 will 
provide enormous opportunities for uncovering creative solutions to some of the world's most 
pressing challenges, such as energy security, sustainable agriculture, food security, pandemics , and 
climate chang e. 
4.257.   We recognize the UAE's commitment to the rules -based multilateral trading system and 
constructive involvement in WTO work. Particularly we appreciate UAE's participation in major JSI 
negotiations on e -commerce, investment facilitation as well as its active support of a multilateral 
response to the COVID -19 pandemic and several joint statements in this regard. Keeping a good 
record in fulfilling its notification obligations is also commendable.  
4.258.   For this review, Kazakhstan has submitted several written questions. We look forward to 
receiving replies from UAE to our questions.  
4.259.   In conclusion, we would like to congratulate the delegation of UAE and the WTO Secretariat 
for the hard work and efforts that went into preparing for this TPR. We also like to expre ss our 
appreciation to Ambassador Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman and his team in Geneva.  We wish the 
delegation of UAE every success for their fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
MALAYSIA  
4.260.   Malaysia is pleased to take part at the fourth  Trade Policy Review of the UAE. We believed 
that this Review is important for the UAE, and we commend UAE's commitment in achieving its trade 
policy objectives.  
4.261.   We would like to extend a very warm welcome to H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister 
of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises and his delegation. We also thank 
the Secretariat for their effort in preparing comprehensive review reports, and the discussant, 
H.E. Mr José Valencia  of Ecuador for his insightful comments.  
4.262.   Malaysia is pleased to note that the UAE has concluded the implementation of its Vision  2021 
National Agenda and launched the UAE  Centennial  2071 as a long -term development strategy to 
transform the UAE into a knowl edge-based economy by increasing productivity, enhancing 
competitiveness of national companies, and investing in high technology sectors. This has improved 
the UAE's rankings, including ease of doing business, financial competence and stability, and in 
attracting FDI.  
4.263.   Malaysia has enjoyed a strong partnership with the UAE, particularly in the economic sphere. 
In 2021, among the West  Asian countries, UAE was Malaysia's largest trading partner, 
second  largest export destination and second  largest source of im port. The total trade between 
Malaysia and the UAE in 2021 increased by 7.9% to USD  5.38 billion, from USD  4.93 billion in 2020. 
In the same period, the total exports increased by 24.7% to USD  2.56 billion compared to 
USD 2.03 billion, while total imports decreased by 3.7% to USD  2.83 billion compared to 
USD 2.90 billion in 2020.  
4.264.   On investment, as of November  2021, 40  manufacturing projects worth USD  1.63 billion 
with Emirati participation were approved and these projects are expected to generate more than 
4,000  employment opportunities.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.265.   For this current review, Malaysia had submitted written questions on areas such as COVID -19 
response, green policy and green investment, government procurement, MSMEs , and investment.  
4.266.   We would like to take this opportunity to thank the delegation of the UAE for responding to 
our questions and we shall examine the responses with great interest.  
4.267.   We wish the delegation of the UAE a productive and successful fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
ICELAND  
4.268.   Before I turn to the TPR of the U nited Arab Emirates, please allow me again to express 
concerns regarding the ongoing attack on Ukraine. Iceland condemns, in the strongest possible 
terms, the brutal, unjustified, and unprovoked attack of the Russian Federation on Ukraine. Iceland 
reiterat es its unwavering support for the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of 
Ukraine, within its internationally recognised borders.  
4.269.   I will now turn to the Trade Policy Review of the UAE; it is with pleasure that Iceland 
welcomes the distingu ished delegation of UAE to their fourth  Trade Policy Review. We also express 
appreciation to the WTO Secretariat and the UAE for the reports prepared, as well as to the 
discussant, for the excellent framing of the issues for our discussion today.  
4.270.   As a member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), the UAE has a free trade agreement  
with the EFTA States (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway,  and Switzerland). The Agreement has all the 
possibilities of serving our countries well, with coverage than includes  trade in goods  and services, 
government procurement and competition.  
4.271.    Given the global challenges we are fronted with, it is important to keep in mind that it is a 
well-known fact that improving gender equality and empowering women, not only positively 
contributes to economic growth, as we have so often highlighted in this body, but it also contributes 
to sustainable peace and security in many concrete ways.  
4.272.   Iceland takes note of the measures taken by the UAE towards strengthen women's economic 
empowermen t with the establishment of the Gender Balance Council in 2015, as well as other gender 
specific actions taken to improve gender equality. One example, and the most relevant for WTO, on 
how to achieve that is to apply targeted gender -based trade policies a nd programmes.  
4.273.   Improved data collection and gender -based analysis are important when it comes to 
developing gender -based trade policies. So is the sharing of best practices of respective experiences 
relating to those policies and programs.  
4.274.   In the spirit of  supporting relevant data gathering in this field, Iceland has submitted 
questions on the participation of women in the economy of the UAE. We welcome the replies as the 
answers will be useful in gathering best practices in the promotion of gender -equality  within trade.  
4.275.   Finally, as one of the co -chairs of the Informal Working Group on Trade and Gender, Iceland 
welcomes the UAE's support to the proposed Joint Ministerial Declaration on the advancement of 
gender equality and women's economic empowerment withi n trade.  
4.276.   Iceland appreciates the UAE's active engagement in WTO and their continued support for 
the multilateral trading system. We wish the delegation of the UAE every success for their Trade 
Policy Review.  
MAURITIUS  
4.277.   We warmly welcome the high -level of de legation from the United  Arab Emirates led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises and congratulate the UAE for pursuing its fourth  Trade Policy Review.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.278.   Let me also take this opportunity t o congratulate you, Ambassador 
Ángel  Villalobos  Rodríguez for your appointment as Chair of the TPRB. You may rely on the full 
support of our delegation during your tenure.  
4.279.   We thank the Secretariat for its report and Ambassador José  Valencia of Ecuador for the 
insightful perspectives provided as discussant about the country's trade policy.  
4.280.   Let me start by commending the UAE for successfully hosting the Dubai  Expo an event that 
has brought together businesses and interested people from around the world. What else could best 
demonstrate the contribution of the UAE authorities in promoting trade and investment, 
strengthening ties of friendship and brotherhood among peoples of the world ? Mauritius is actively 
participating in this global event including through a  Presidential delegation last week. We seize this 
opportunity to thank the UAE authorities for the support and assistance extended to Mauritius in this 
regard and highlight that the Mauritius pavilion is situated next to the UAE pavilion.  
4.281.   Whilst many of our economies have been hard hit by the pandemic, the UAE authorities have 
been able to find the appropriate policy mix to counter the effects of the pandemic and put its 
economy back on a strong recovery path. The 27% growth of foreign trade and the impro vement of 
its global ranking for attracting foreign direct investment last  year bear testimony of the 
effectiveness of such policies and measures.  
4.282.   We congratulate the UAE for the successful implementation of the National  Agenda  2021 
that guided its trade a nd economic policies and  contributed to increasing its FDI by 11.1% over the 
period 2017 -2020. We note that it also improved its standing on a number of economic indicators. 
The commitment of the UAE authorities to the continued socio -economic development of the country 
and their long -term vision of the economy are clearly reflected in the new long -term plan – the 
"UAE Centennial  2071" and the strategic plan known as "Projects of the 50 ". We have no doubt that 
the vision of this strategic plan w ill be ably taken forward by the competent authorities. We also 
have no doubt that UAE 's commitment to free trade will take the country to an even higher level of 
development.  
4.283.   Technology and digitalisation are the cornerstones of the fourth  Industrial Revo lution. Being 
ranked 10th in the World Digital Competitiveness Index, the UAE has clearly made a lot of progress 
in the ICT sector and in harnessing technology in support of the competitiveness of its economy. We 
are confident that the increased digitalisa tion of its services will further contribute to business and 
investment facilitation. We look to the UAE to assist other countries and in particular, the Small 
Island Developing States, to help them advance their digitalisation levels.  
4.284.   Mauritius is greatly  impressed by the efforts of the UAE in ensuring a sustainable future 
through the adoption of green policies and initiatives, namely the Emirates Sustainable Development 
Strategy. At a time when sustainability needs to be the focus of all our actions, the UAE authorities 
deserve our high appreciation for the range of policies and programs being implemented to this end. 
Such commitments are further reflected in UAE 's announcement of its Net  Zero Initiative and its 
offer to host the COP28 in 2023.  
4.285.   We recognis e the commitment of the UAE to the multilateral trading system and for actively 
contributing in advancing discussions on modernizing and strengthening the WTO. We are pleased 
to pursue our constructive engagement with the Ambassador and his team including 
Ms Lubna  Qassim, in this regard . Our delegation in Dubai is also actively involved with the competent 
authorities of the UAE.  
4.286.   Allow me, in particular to applaud the UAE authorities for the establishment of the Gender 
Balance Council and congratulate the co untry for its excellent global and regional rankings in the UN 
Gender Equality Index which, inter alia, reflects the important role of the women in socio -economic 
and political activities.  
4.287.   At the bilateral level, Mauritius and United  Arab Emirates share ex cellent relations. During 
the last 24  years, trade has increased by around 20% yearly and in 2020 our imports from the UAE 
amounted to USD  520 million. To further strengthen our ties of friendship and deepen our relations, 
Mauritius opened a Consulate General in Dubai in May  2021.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.288.   The UAE has been consistent in its support to Mauritius for advancing projects. For instance, 
a grant to the tune of USD  21 million was extended for the construction of the New Eye Hospital and 
we have also benefited  from a concessionary loan for the deployment of Solar Photovoltaic Kits in 
Mauritius under the IRENA/ADFD fifth lending cycle.  
4.289.   Mauritius is highly appreciative of such support and looks forward to strengthening our 
relations further both  bilaterally and a t the multilateral level. With the coming into force of the 
AfCFTA, we feel that a lot of opportunities will open up for UAE to develop its trade ties with Africa. 
Mauritius looks forward to working with the United  Arab Emirates in this direction.  
4.290.   We seize  this opportunity to wish the UAE delegation a very successful Trade Policy Review.  
TURKEY  
4.291.   Turkey extends a very warm welcome to the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates headed 
by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship an d Small and Medium 
Enterprises.  
4.292.   We would like to thank the Secretariat and the Government of the UAE for their detailed 
reports as well as our discussant Ambassador José  Valencia of Ecuador for his insightful remarks.  
4.293.   As stated in the reports, the UAE is a  regional hub for trade, logistics and tourism. The oil 
and gas sector accounts for around 30% of UAE's GDP. Between 2016 and 2019, real GDP growth 
ranged between 1.2% and 3.4%, mainly led by the non -oil sector.  
4.294.   However, in 2020, as a result of COVID -19 pa ndemic, the UAE's economy contracted by 
6.1%. There was a concrete sign of economic recovery in 2021, with the Central Bank of the UAE 
projected real GDP growth to reach 2.4%. And in 2022, the UAE forecasts a full recovery, with overall 
real GDP increasing  by 3.8%.  
4.295.   We welcome UAE's long -term development strategy, namely "UAE  Centennial  2071". With 
this strategy we believe, the UAE will transform its economy into a knowledge -based economy, by 
increasing productivity, enhancing competitiveness of national com panies, investing in high 
technology sectors , and attracting investments.  
4.296.   Turkey values UAE's strong commitment to the multilateral trading system and the WTO. 
We welcome the ratification of the Trade Facilitation Agreement in 2016, approval of the Declar ation 
on the Expansion of Trade in Information Technology and the Protocol Amending the 
TRIPS  Agreement in 2017.  
4.297.   We are also pleased with UAE's participation in Joint Statement Initiatives on E -Commerce 
and Investment Facilitation for Development.  
4.298.   We see i n the UAE not just a brotherly country, but a strategic partner. Our countries are 
both located at important geo -political and geo -economic junctures, serving as hubs to a wider 
geography.  
4.299.   We have deep -rooted historical, social and cultural relations with the UAE and all other Gulf 
countries.  
4.300.   We believe that stronger cooperation between our countries will not only benefit our 
respective nations but will also contribute to the peace, security, stability and prosperity of our 
region and beyond.  
4.301.   The UAE is a leading trading partner for Turkey with USD  5.4 billion exports and a trade 
volume of USD  7.9 billion. The projects completed in the UAE by Turkish companies add up to 
USD 13 billion. The UAE is also a major contributor to the investment environment in Tur key and 
leading Turkish companies.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.302.   The last official visit of President Erdoğan to the UAE in February  2022 was a historic event 
marking the new era in our relations ; 13 agreements were signed in various areas extending from 
defence industry to land and m aritime transportation and from health to high technology. We have 
also signed a Joint Declaration on the decision to start the negotiations of a Comprehensive Economic 
Partnership Agreement.  This visit confirmed the determination on both sides to advance bilateral 
relations in all areas.  
4.303.   In concluding, we thank again the delegation of the UAE for the excellent preparation for this 
review and wish them a successful Trade Policy Review.  
JORDAN  
4.304.   First, we fully associate ourselves with the statement delivered by the 
Kingdom  of Saudi  Arabia on behalf of the Arab  Group. Jordan would also like to start by extending 
a warm welcome to the entire delegation of United  Arab Emirates led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurshi p and Small and Medium 
Enterprises . 
4.305.   Our appreciation is also extended to the discussant H.E.  Mr José Valencia , the Ambassador 
of Ecuador for the insightful and thorough remarks.  
4.306.   At the outset, my delegation commends the Government of United  Arab Emirates and the 
WTO Secretariat for the comprehensive reports. Both  reports provided a comprehensive picture of 
the main developments in United  Arab Emirates' economy and trade regime for  the period under 
review and demonstrated that the economy of Emirates is heading towards a path of sustainability, 
which vividly caters for modernizing and diversifying its economy and creates a more competitive, 
knowledge -based economy.  
4.307.   We should not for get to mention the measures adopted by the Government of the 
United  Arab Emirates, which places a profound significance on maintaining a welcoming investment 
environment and motivating the private sector including the successful holding of Expo  2020 Dubai 
from October  2021 to March  2022.  
4.308.   We congratulate United  Arab Emirates for their remarkable progress made in economy and 
trade in concluded of its Vision  2021 National Agenda and we commend the bold economic 
aspirations of the Government of United  Arab Emirates reflected in "UAE  Centennial  2071" 
enshrining the long term development strategy of diversifying the economy towards industries based 
on knowledge and innovation, creating an environment conducive to trade and investment, 
strengthening the competi tiveness of the UAE in external markets, and developing international 
trade relations.  
4.309.   This has been translated in United  Arab Emirates' vital role in responding to the COVID -19 
pandemic through keep its borders and connectivity channels open to facilitate  the efficient flow of 
goods, its commitments to support the safe and efficient distribution of COVID -19 vaccines and 
essential goods as well.  
4.310.   We are deeply encouraged with these endeavours and we wish the Government of 
United  Arab Emirates further success  in the implementation of the UAE  Centennial  2071 Strategy.  
4.311.   UAE membership in the WTO and its membership in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and 
the Great Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) together with its bilateral preferential agreements and FTAs 
signed wi th 50  countries, including Jordan, and the other FTAs that is negotiating prove the 
commitment to free trade policy and the multilateral trading system from which its economic sectors 
will benefit and prosper.  
4.312.   Furthermore, we commend United  Arab Emirates c ommitment towards its WTO obligations, 
and its constructive role in the efforts to strengthen the multilateral system.  
4.313.   On the bilateral side, the brotherly and historical relations that Jordan and 
United  Arab Emirates enjoy, are a symbol of a successful an d fruitful partnership, the bilateral trade WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  volume between our two  brotherly countries has witnessed a remarkable growth increased by 72% 
in 2021 comparing to previous year to reach almost USD  1.7 billion with 5.5% of Jordan trade 
volume with the whole wor ld, as both  countries acknowledge that trade is one of the main means of 
development that taps the potentials available in both  countries.  
4.314.   To conclude, Jordan congratulates the Emirates Government and the business society for 
their achievements and would l ike to wish the brotherly United  Arab Emirates more prosperity and 
a fruitful and successful Trade Policy Review and congratulates the Permanent Representative of 
United  Arab Emirates in Geneva H.E.  Mr Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman and his whole team for 
their very constructive role in preserving and consolidating the multilateral trading system.  
THE KINGDOM  OF BAHRAIN  
4.315.   The Kingdom of Bahrain is delighted to participate in the fourth  Trade Policy Review of the 
United  Arab Emirates,  and would like to warmly welcome H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister 
of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises  and H.E.  Mr Ahmed Abdulrahman 
Al Jarman, Ambassador and Permanent  Representative of the United  Arab Emirates and wish  them 
and their delegation a very successful Review.  
4.316.   We would also like to thank the Government of the United  Arab Emirates, the Permanent 
Mission of the United  Arab Emirates in Geneva and the WTO Secretariat for their efforts in preparing 
the detailed rep orts. We also thank the discussant, H.E.  Mr José Valencia, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative of Ecuador for his insightful remarks.  
4.317.   The United  Arab Emirates has always been an important partner of the Kingdom of Bahrain, 
sharing a strong and longstan ding economic relationship.  Despite the impact of the COVID -19 
pandemic on the global trade, the value of total bilateral trade with the UAE has continue to reach 
high levels ; with the UAE raking as the third and our top importing countries at the value of  
USD 731 million and the third on our top exporting countries as a value of USD  828 million as of  
2021.  
4.318.   In addition, as members of the GCC we share a several common aspects of our trade policy, 
such as a common external tariff, a shared trade remedies auth ority, a shared to free trade 
agreements with the other trading partners. On this regard, we would also like to highlight Bahrain's 
special relation shared with the UAE which has been bolstered and greatly taken care by the leaders 
of both nations. We have  placed a greatly emphasis on the promotion and enhancement of the 
exchange and dynamic between the brotherly nations and coordination efforts relating to trade and 
investment.  
4.319.   We are therefore delighted to see all the positive transformations and economic growth 
mentioned in the report. This of course comes after the United  Arab Emirates made significant  
strides during the period under review.  
4.320.   We are pleased that the report highlights the UAE 's successful conclusion of its 
"National Agenda  2021" which resulted in an improved standing across many economic indicators, 
as well as an increase in the value of foreign direct investment amounting to USD  19.9 billion in 
2020, reflecting a growth of 11.1%.  
4.321.   Furthermore, it is worth comme nding that due to the UAE 's concrete steps to build a 
stronger, more resilient economy which would accelerate global economic recovery from the 
COVID -19 pandemic, its economy is expected to grow by 4.2% in 2022.  
4.322.   Looking forward, we view great interest and  opportunity in investment in the 
United  Arab Emirates and its potential for attracting foreign direct investment to our region. As the 
report details, the UAE's National Agenda for Inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) aims to attract 
foreign direct inve stment through programs, policies and initiatives that align with the strategic 
visions of the UAE, including the UAE  Vision  2071 – a strategy which prioritizes investment in 
research, development and innovation across promising sectors in the UAE.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.323.   I canno t conclude this statement without highlighting the United  Arab Emirate 's role as a 
long standing and strong supporter of the WTO and the multilateral trading system with its consistent 
active and constructive participation in the multilateral discussions w ithin the WTO.  
4.324.   Finally, we would like to thank once again the discussant for his remarks and active 
discussion and the UAE Government and WTO Secretariat for their tireless efforts in preparing  the 
detailed reports, and wish our brothers in the United  Arab Emirates once again a very successful 
review.  
TUNISI A 
4.325.   I would first like to extend a warm welcome to H.E. Dr  Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of 
State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises of the UAE, and the delegation 
accompanying him f rom Abu  Dhabi and Geneva. I wish to commend him on his efforts to provide us 
with an overview and analysis offering a comprehensive picture of his country's economic situation 
and trade policy.  
4.326.   My thanks go to H.E. Ambassador José  Valencia (Ecuador) for the insightful comments made 
in his presentation, and I should also like to congratulate the Secretariat for the comprehensive 
report it has submitted for this Review.  
4.327.   My delegation would like to thank the UAE for the substantial efforts it has made in pursuing 
its economic and trade liberalization and diversification policy during the review period, in particular 
through its "Vision 2021" National Agenda, which was conc luded over the past year, and the launch 
in 2020 of a long -term development strategy known as "UAE Centennial 2071". At the core of this 
strategy is the transformation of the UAE into a knowledge - and innovation -based economy, by 
increasing productivity, e nhancing the competitiveness of Emirati companies and investing in high -
tech sectors.  
4.328.   The UAE is open to the world and has succeeded in introducing a flexible and sustainable 
economic model that is more open to global partners and markets.  
4.329.   Thanks to its hospitality and hosting of many major economic and commercial events, such 
as "Gulfood" and Expo  Dubai, this brother country has, over the years, become a platform for 
promoting innovative industrial products and an important gateway for accessing western markets.  
4.330.   The country has undertaken extensive legislative reforms aimed at strengthening the process 
of modernizing and opening up the Emirati economy through the simplification of procedures and 
removal of ownership restrictions on foreign investment in m any sectors, such as the free zone 
regime, where foreign ownership is allowed at 100%. Such reforms have contributed to ensuring 
that the country's business environment is conducive to the expansion of foreign investment. As a 
result, a number of specializ ed economic studies rank the UAE among the safest countries in terms 
of investment, since it offers, inter alia, one of the best digital infrastructures in the world.  
4.331.   The effectiveness of the National Agenda for Foreign Direct Investment should also be 
highlighted, which encourages FDI in "promising sectors" related to innovation and sets ambitious 
goals to strengthen the international presence of the UAE's leading companies.  
4.332.   The Secretariat's report highlights that, despite a difficult global and regional economic 
context due to the COVID -19 pandemic, the drop in the price of oil and the 36% decrease in Emirati 
exports, the UAE's economy recovered well in 2021, with an estimated GDP growth rate of 2.1%, 
which is within the ranges of the review period prior to the pandemic. This is thanks in particular to 
the fiscal and monetary stimulus measures taken by the Emirati authorities, but also to a resilient 
economy that has gradually been able to move away from its dependence on the oil and gas sectors, 
which con tribute over 30% of the UAE's GDP.  
4.333.   As an active participant in the negotiations at the WTO, the UAE also remains strongly 
committed to the rules -based multilateral trading system and continues to believe that the 
development dimension should lie at the hea rt of these negotiations.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.334.   The close ties between Tunisia and the UAE, established over four decades ago by our late 
leaders Habib  Bourguiba and Sheikh  Zayed  bin Sultan  Al Nahyan, continue to flourish and develop 
through high -level coordination between the political and business regulatory authorities.  
4.335.   Bilateral cooperation covers various sectors from industry and agriculture, to energy and 
services, in which the UAE has been a pioneer in facilitating and financing major projects in Tunisia 
since the 1970s.  
4.336.   This level of cooperation means that, today, the UAE is considered as Tunisia's most 
important trading partner among the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and as 
Tunisia's top client in the region for exports, accounting for 57% of exports i n 2021. It is also ranked 
second in terms of countries of origin of our GCC imports, due mainly to the degree of liberalization 
and flexibility of the Emirati market.  
4.337.   2021 saw trade recover strongly, increasing by 29% and reaching a value equivalent to 
USD 225 million. There was a notable increase of over 50% in Tunisian exports, particularly in 
exports of agricultural products, food and mechanical and electrical parts.  
4.338.   This trend continued in early 2022 with the conclusion of a project to establish a major  power 
plant in central Tunisia, worth USD  100 million, and, more recently, with the relaunch by the Emirati 
Bukhatir group of the "Tunis Sport City" megaproject in Berges du Lac, Tunis. This is a 
multi-dimensional project offering a range of sports, touri st and residential areas, which is due to 
be completed by 2031.  
4.339.   It is important to stress that our two countries are determined to strengthen and consolidate 
this traditional cooperation in all areas, such as tourism, agriculture and new technologies.  
4.340.   Lastly, I cannot conclude without congratulating H.E.  Ambassador  Ahmed  
Abdulrahman  Al Jarman and his team in Geneva for the excellent work they are carrying out at the 
WTO and in other organizations. I wish the UAE, our brother country, every success in its Tr ade 
Policy Review.  
URUGUAY  
4.341.   Uruguay wishes to extend a most cordial welcome to the delegation of the UAE, headed by 
Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises, on the occasion of its fourth Trade Poli cy Review. We thank him for his presentation, as 
well as the Secretariat for its comprehensive report.  
4.342.   Our countries have maintained trade ties for several decades, with exports of live equine 
animals to the UAE particularly standing out. Moreover, there i s still a lot of ground to cover in trade 
in food, notably olive oils, organic products, mineral water and, of course, meat.  
4.343.   We would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the UAE for holding a successful 
Expo Dubai  2020, at which we have a countr y pavilion inaugurated by President Luis  Lacalle  Pou in 
February. We are currently working hard to increase trade in agricultural products to the UAE and 
to boost the flow of productive investment.  
4.344.   The UAE and Uruguay agree on the high value attached to th e WTO and its central role in 
the rules -based multilateral trading system. We share the need to ensure that the WTO remains 
relevant in the future and can rise to any occasion.  
4.345.   The Permanent Representative of Uruguay, Ambassador José  Luis Cancela, as Coord inator 
of the Informal Working Group on MSMEs, applauds the fact that this Review is being led by the 
Minister for MSMEs, and we acknowledge the dedicated efforts of the Federal Government to support 
these enterprises in every aspect of its trade policy. M oreover, we highlight the UAE's co -sponsorship 
of the MSME Ministerial Declaration, which reflects the importance of encouraging MSME participation 
in international trade and its centrality on the WTO's agenda. We invite the UAE to join the WTO 
MSME Group,  thereby enriching the agenda with its good practices and contributing to the 
identification of measures that may facilitate access for MSMEs to international markets.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.346.   To conclude, we would like to reiterate our appreciation for this renewed opportunity t o 
exchange views on the UAE's trade policies, and look forward to continued cooperation on all fronts: 
bilateral, regional and here at the WTO. Thank you and our best wishes for a successful Review.  
YEMEN 
4.347.   My delegation is taking the floor to welcome H.E. Dr  Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of 
State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, as well as the distinguished 
delegation of the UAE.  
4.348.   The Republic of Yemen commends the UAE on its Trade Policy Review at the WTO. This 
occasion coinc ides with the Expo  2020 Dubai and with the celebration of the UAE's golden jubilee 
in 2021, marking 50  years of unity, stability and progress.  
4.349.   My delegation would also like to applaud H.E. Mr  José Valencia for his excellent comments.  
4.350.   Yemen associates itse lf with the statement made by the Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia on behalf 
of the Arab  Group, and commends the UAE for having adopted an open trade policy that has 
culminated in an investment -friendly economic and political environment.  
4.351.   The UAE has successfully established itself as a regional hub for trade, logistics and tourism, 
and as a global centre for innovation, artificial intelligence and entrepreneurship.  
4.352.   The UAE has successfully concluded the "Vision  2021" agenda and has adopted a long -term 
overall vision known as "UAE Centenary 2071", with a view to becoming one of the major global 
players.  
4.353.   Since its accession to the WTO in April  1996, the UAE has active ly participated in various 
activities and in the different areas of multilateral trade negotiations, particularly in the joint 
statement initiatives on electronic commerce and investment facilitation.  
4.354.   Yemen wishes the UAE every success in achieving its obj ectives and in its Trade Policy 
Review.  
ANGOLA  
4.355.   Angola would like to warmly congratulate the United  Arab Emirates on the public 
presentation and discussion of their fourth  Trade Policy Review.  
4.356.   We acknowledge an insightful document, reviewing with transpare ncy the country's 
economy, financial system, trade, and commercial policies since its last TPR assessment in 2016. 
Angola regrets the negative impacts of the global pandemic crisis in the UAE's economy, in particular 
de reduction of the country's oil reven ues, a critical compression also experienced by Angola, and 
significantly impacting on travel (aviation), tourism, and trade, causing the real GDP to contract by 
5.9% in 2020. Still, the UAE successfully launched several policies to offset the COVID -19 pan demic 
crisis, resulting in real GDP growth of around 2.4% in 2021 and forecasts projecting additional 
growth of around 3.8% -4.2% for 2022.  
4.357.   We are particularly impressed by the UAE's strategic economic reforms to support 
businesses, investment, and trade t hrough the "Projects of the 50" initiatives, thus widening the 
country's ongoing diversification of key sectors like logistics and tourism, and transitioning to a 
digital and knowledge -based economy. Also, we see a long -term strategy firmly supported by wi se 
policies to attract and retain high calibre human capital, along with more liberal economic policies 
to enhance the country's business environment in the context of the ambitious program 
"UAE Centennial  2071".  
4.358.   It seems that at the core of these strateg ic projects, one can noticed the novel concept of a 
circular economy merging sustainable manufacturing, green infrastructure, sustainable 
transportation, and sustainable food production and consumption, which also constitutes global 
challenges towards a Gl obal Green Economy. In this interesting context, Angola acknowledges the WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  clear UAE commitment to global free and fair trade as an essential catalyst for the recovery of the 
global economy that is incompatible with any forms of protectionism.  
4.359.   Angola is also  grateful for the report from the WTO Secretariat that provides a thorough 
review of the United  Arab Emirates' economic and trade evolution from 2016 to the present day, 
fully documented with appropriate data, statistics, and graphics. However, both the of ficial UAE 
report and the Secretariat document clearly reflect the considerable lack of economic cooperation 
and the fragmentary trade with LDC and African countries. It still is the case of Angola, although in 
our case, the two countries are firmly workin g to correct the situation and construct a prosperous 
trade engagement in the long run.  
4.360.   Allow me to remind everyone, that Angola and the United  Arab Emirates are both Members 
of GATT since 1994 and joined the WTO in the same year of 1996. In 2015 the two  countries signed 
the Economic and Technical Cooperation Agreement, and the interaction between our two  countries 
has been growing fruitfully.  
4.361.   Last year, the visit of President of the Republic of Angola, His  Excellency João  Lourenço, to 
the United  Arab Emirates served to boost a bilateral economic cooperation on trade, and 
investments, reaching an important bilateral agreement on mutual visa process simplification .  
4.362.   Both countries already share several cooperation agreements in air and road transports, 
agriculture, mining, energy and trade, including double taxation eradication and tax evasion. As a 
result of this renewed cooperation, in 2020 a tractor assembly factory was opened in Luanda -Angola, 
which is already supporting the agricultural production sector, as well as factories for the assembly 
of mobile phones, computers, electronics accessories and other components.  
4.363.   Nonetheless, there is still a long way forward to implement between the UAE and Angola a 
novel economic and trade relationsh ip, supported by the critical global challenges on e -commerce, 
digital economy, and sustainable economic growth able to face the challenges of climate change.  
4.364.   Consequently, we would like the UAE public and private companies, entrepreneurs, and other 
econo mic agents, to invest more in Angola, to increase cooperation, namely on financial and bank 
services, technological and digital formation, thus contributing to the diversification of Angola's 
economy . 
KYRGYZ  REPUBLIC  
4.365.   Kyrgyz  Republic is very pleased to take  part in the fourth  Trade Policy Review of 
United  Arab Emirates and wishes to extend a very warm welcome to the delegation of UAE led by 
H.E. Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium 
Enterprises.  
4.366.   We would like  to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the WTO Secretariat and 
UAE Government for providing such a comprehensive report of the Trade Policies and practices of 
UAE. We would also like to thank the discussant, H.E.  Ambassador Jos é Valencia (E cuador) for his 
insightful comments.  
4.367.   First, it is important to note that in such a short historical period, thanks to the far -sighted 
and wise policy of the country's leadership, the United  Arab Emirates has demonstrated impressive 
progress, becoming one o f the most developed countries in the world and the region. I would like to 
take this opportunity to express warm congratulations to the leadership of the United  Arab Emirates 
and the friendly Emirati people on the recent celebration of the 50th anniversar y of the country's 
independence and successful organization of Expo  2020 in Dubai - an event of global importance. 
The delegation of Kyrgyz  Republic with a presence of our Prime Minister were very impressed by its 
level of organisation which very much refl ected its deliberate path towards digital economy.  
4.368.   We are very happy to see that during the review period which was marked by the recessions 
in the global economy, fluctuations in oil prices, and the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic the UAE 
has sustained e conomic growth.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.369.   Kyrgyz  Republic also highly commends the "UAE  Centennial  2071" program underpinned by 
its development policy with four main pillars: a future focused government; excellent education 
offerings; a diversified knowledge economy; and a more co hesive society.  
4.370.   The diplomatic relations between our countries were established on 1  August  1996. During 
this period, we managed to create favourable conditions for the stable development of relations in 
all directions. As of today, the United  Arab Emirate s is one of the main economic partners of 
Kyrgyz  Republic  not only among the countries of the Persian Gulf, but throughout the entire region 
of the Middle  East and Africa.  
4.371.   Since the opening of the Embassy of the Kyrgyz  Republic in the UAE (2014), practical  steps 
had been taken to develop and expand the horizons of economic cooperation by initiating tools and 
foundations for such development, holding joint business forums, participating in exhibitions and 
fairs, and attracting investments.  
4.372.   The Kyrgyz  Republi c and the UAE have signed fundamental agreements aimed at developing 
economic cooperation, including agreements on the protection of investments, on the avoidance of 
double taxation, on air traffic, and economic cooperation.  
4.373.   The volume of our mutual trade in the first  nine months of 2021 amounted to about 
USD 47 million and increased by more than four times compared to the same period in 2020.  
4.374.   Among the main export commodities from Kyrgyz  Republic to UAE are gold items, and with 
regards to import - househo ld goods and electronics. In the future we have great hopes for the 
export of our food products, including fresh and mineral water. As you know 40% of all water 
resources of Central Asia are concentrated in Kyrgyz  Republic . 
4.375.   Kyrgyz  Republic  is interested an d ready to develop and strengthen relations with the UAE in 
all areas of bilateral cooperation. The most important and promising areas of bilateral trade and 
economic interaction would be cooperation in trade, agriculture, logistics, energy, tourism, and 
aviation.  
4.376.   As you know, in September last year a delegation of UAE with the largest Emirati companies 
representing energy, tourism, agriculture and logistics sectors headed by the Minister of Energy and 
Infrastructure visited Kyrgyz  Republic . In the meeting the Presi dent of Kyrgyz  Republic it was stated 
that we are interested in joint implementation and development of investment projects in all sectors 
of economy. We believe that such B2B and B2G events can lay forward the progress in economic 
relations and commensura te with the immense trade and investment potential between our 
countries by creating links between our business associations.  
4.377.   Taking this opportunity, the Kyrgyz  Republic would like to thank the UAE for its active and 
constructive participation in multilateral discussions through the WTO and we wish a very successful 
Trade Policy Review to the delegation of UAE.  
JAPAN  
4.378.   At the outset, Japan shares the concern on the Russian  Federation's  invasion. We would like 
to echo and add voice to  the preceding colleagues' interventions, including the delegation of Ukraine. 
The recent invasion of Ukraine by the Russian  Federation is an attempt to unilaterally change the 
status  quo by force. It is an act that undermines the very foundation of the in ternational order. It 
constitutes a blatant violation of international law and the United Nations Charter. As such, it is 
unacceptable, and Japan condemn it in the strongest terms. Japan stands with the people of Ukraine. 
We will help Ukraine people throug h providing humanitarian assistance as well as accepting Ukraine 
people who have evacuated from their home country.  
4.379.   Turning to the review process of the United  Arab Emirates, Japan welcomes the delegation 
of the UAE, headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and 
Small and Medium Enterprises. Japan would also like to thank the WTO Secretariat and the 
Government of the UAE, for their reports submitted for this review process, and the discussant, 
Ambassador José  Valencia  of Ecuador, for his insightful remarks.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.380.   While we acknowledge that the COVID -19 pandemic has had adverse impacts on the UAE's 
economy, the UAE has been continuing to promote its economy's growth by diversifying its industry.  
4.381.   Today, Japan would like to com ment on three points.  
4.382.   First, we are pleased to say that economic relations between Japan and the UAE have been 
growing stronger since the last TPR. We have not only been maintaining a bilateral relationship in 
the energy sector, but since April  2018, we ha ve also been cooperating in a wide range of economic 
areas, including trade and industry under the "Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Initiative 
(CSPI)". In addition, we welcome the entry into force in August  2020 of the "Agreement between 
Japan and the UAE for the Promotion and Protection of Investment". Japan looks forward to further 
promoting cooperation between our two  countries in 2022, noting that we are planning to sign the 
framework document for the "Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Initiative (CSPI)" this year, and 
that 2022 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan 
and the UAE.  
4.383.   Second, as for engagement in the negotiations at the WTO, we value the UAE's participation 
and contribution to the Joint Sta tement Initiatives (JSIs), namely those on Electronic Commerce and 
Investment Facilitation for Development. Japan believes that such negotiations by willing and 
committed Members are critical for improving the WTO's rules negotiation function. We expect th e 
UAE to show it s commitment in the area of trade in services, especially on insurance services. We 
also encourage the UAE to improve the horizontal reservations on Mode  3, such as discrimination in 
the tax regime between foreign and domestic companies and  individuals.  
4.384.   Third, we acknowledge that the UAE will focus on creating a better business environment 
and promoting foreign investment following its achievements under its "Vision  2021". In this regard, 
Japan commends the UAE 's work to provide incentives f or foreign investments located in free zones. 
While the UAE has been advocating virtually zero corporate taxation, we are closely watching the 
potential impact of the corporate tax that is scheduled to be introduced in 2023.  
4.385.   In conclusion, Japan appreciate s the UAE 's active participation in this TPR review today as 
well as in the WTO agenda as a whole. We wish the UAE delegation a very successful and fruitful 
Trade Policy Review.  
BANGLADESH  
4.386.   At the outset, the Bangladesh delegation welcomes H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul Al Falasi, 
Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Economy and 
Head of delegation for his introductory presentation at the fourth  Trade Policy Review of the 
United  Arab Emirates. Bangladesh delegation also thanks H.E.  Mr José Valencia, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative of Ecuador for his insightful discussions. Our sincere appreciation also 
goes to the Government of UAE and the WTO Secretariat for the comprehensive reports.  
4.387.   We have noted that the Gover nment of UAE has focused on carrying out many structural 
reforms including ensuring inclusive growth during the review period. The fundamentals of the UAE 
economy remain strong, and this has ensured macroeconomic stability. To transition from a 
hydrocarbon -based economy to a knowledge -based economy, the UAE has launched a number of 
strategic initiatives to achieve SDG based on applied sciences and advanced technologies and 
enhance its position as a global hub for innovation, artificial intelligence , and ent repreneurship. 
Remarkable achievements have been made over the past five  years, as embodied in the growth of 
the UAE's future -focused sectors. The UAE information and communications technology sector 
witnessed a cumulative growth rate of 32% from 2014 to 2 020, representing an average annual 
growth rate of 5%. Similarly, the education and professional sector, and the science and technology 
sector posted a cumulative growth of 75% and 12% respectively, achieving an average annual 
growth rate of 10% and 2% res pectively. The manufacturing industries sector grew at an average 
annual rate of 3.4% over the same period. These sectors combined represented nearly 23% of the 
UAE's actual GDP in 2020.  
4.388.   We applaud the Government of the UAE for the various reform measures  that it has adopted 
in its trade and investment related areas. The UAE is characterized by a stable economic, political 
and investor -friendly environment, and has sustained economic growth despite recessions in the WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  global economy, fluctuations in oil pric es, and the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic. To achieving 
its national economic goals, the UAE is working to formulate and develop effective pioneering 
strategies and economic initiatives based on international best practices and standards and a balance 
between present -day economic realities and the outlook for future prospects, whether at the State 
level or at regional and global levels.  
4.389.   As one of the most important trading and development partners, Bangladesh is delighted to 
note the great strides that th e UAE has made in recent years. We enjoy excellent bilateral trade and 
economic relations. Our bilateral ties are further bolstered with the regular high -level visits from 
both sides and in this regard, I like to mention our Honourable Prime  Minister Shekh  Hasina's on 
7-12 March  2022 UAE  visit. Bangladesh highly values its relationship with UAE which happens to be 
one of its largest trading and development partner. The volume of trade between the two  countries 
over the past year recorded a remarkable growth  of more than 15%, with the bilateral trade 
amounting to USD  1.2 billion. The UAE is one of the key destinations for Bangladeshi skilled and 
semi-skilled workers and the UAE has recruited around 2.37  million Bangladeshi workers.  
4.390.   To conclude, we wish the delegation of UAE a productive and successful TPR. My delegation 
will continue to work closely with the UAE delegation, led by H.E.  Mr Ahmed  Abdulrahman  Al Jarman , 
Ambassador and Permanent Representative to strengthen multilateral trading system as well as  
enhance our bilateral trade ties.  
MOROCCO 
4.391.   We thank both the Government of the UAE and the Secretariat for their detailed reports, as 
well as H.E. Mr José  Valencia, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Ecuador, for his 
comments as discussant.  
4.392.   Firstly , Morocco commends the Government of the UAE for its commitment to the multilateral 
trading system since it acceded to the WTO, and for its fourth Trade Policy Review, through which it 
is contributing to compliance with WTO rules, in particular the princip le of transparency. We also 
welcome its active engagement in the negotiations of certain bilateral and regional trade 
agreements, in view of their contribution to a free and open trading system.  
4.393.   My delegation would like to commend the UAE for its managemen t of the exogenous 
challenges that it had to face in 2020, through the adoption of the measures needed to progressively 
rebuild the national economy, which was expected to grow by 2.1% in 2021.  
4.394.   We also congratulate the UAE for successfully concluding the i mplementation of the "National 
Agenda 2021", which aimed to place the UAE among the top 10  countries in the world based on 
national indicators across different areas such as the economy, education and technology.  
4.395.   We are also closely examining the new visio n "UAE Centennial 2071" implemented by the 
country, which includes four main pillars: a future -focused government; excellent education 
offerings; a diversified knowledge economy; and a more cohesive society.  
4.396.   This vision should certainly contribute to the d evelopment of this brother country and, in 
turn, should boost its economic competitiveness and attractiveness in view of the innovative projects 
planned for the long -term, setting out the roadmap to be implemented by government entities to 
execute the UAE Centennial 2071 plan.  
4.397.   Morocco attaches particular importance to environment -related matters and thus welcomes 
the UAE's decision to form the UAE Council on Circular Economy, with a view to overseeing the 
country's initiatives on sustainability and private sector collaboration t o further enable the adoption 
of clean consumption and production practices.  
4.398.   We commend this choice and strongly encourage the UAE to pursue its efforts, while wishing 
it every success in its implementation.  
4.399.   My delegation would like to commend the UAE fo r its choice to make free trade a preferred 
means of increasing competitiveness and productivity over the long -term, through the maintenance WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  of a vast network of bilateral investment and double taxation agreements, which the country 
continues to develop to  encourage strategic global partnerships.  
4.400.   It was this approach that led to the free trade agreement between the UAE and the Kingdom 
of Morocco, which has broadened the horizons of economic operators in our two countries, especially 
as our respective econo mies have complementarities and potential that have not yet been fully 
exploited.  
4.401.   Morocco reiterates its commitment to further promoting the level of its cooperation with the 
UAE, in view of our excellent bilateral relations and the strategic partnership that links us via the 
Gulf Cooperation Council. All areas of shared interest, especially economic and commercial interests, 
should be strengthened to consolidate trade levels and improve investment opportunities.  
4.402.   Before concluding, I would like to congrat ulate the UAE for the excellent organization of Expo 
2020, the first World Expo held in the Middle East, which provides a good picture of the 21st century 
world, showcasing architectural wonders and technological innovations in its many pavilions 
represent ing over 190  countries.  
4.403.   Lastly, the Kingdom of Morocco wishes the UAE a successful Trade Policy Review.  
NEPAL  
4.404.   First, my delegation wishes to congratulate you, Chair, and welcome to this role for the 
year 2022. You can count on Nepal 's full support while discharging your responsibility through this 
assignment.  
4.405.   My delegation welcomes the delegation of the United  Arab Emirates led by H.E.  Dr Ahmad 
Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises , and 
commends him for his insightful highlights of the Trade Policy Review of the UAE this morning.  
4.406.   I appreciate H.E.  Mr José Valencia , Ambassador of Ecuador for his comprehensive 
deliberation as discussant of this review meeting.  
4.407.   My delegation congratu lates the Government of UAE and the WTO Secretariat for valuable 
reports.  
4.408.   I commend the UAE for maintaining a stable economic, political and investor -friendly 
environment, and sustainable economic growth despite recessions in the global economy, 
fluctuati ons in oil prices, and the impact of the COVID -19 pandemic during the review period.  
4.409.   The "UAE Centennial  2071 Vision" of becoming one of the best countries in the world 
by 2071 as measured by several indexes is noteworthy.  
4.410.   My delegation takes good note o f the fast recovery of trade and economy in 2021. 27% 
growth in foreign trade during the first 10  months of 2021 is impressive.  
4.411.   I also appreciate the UAE Government for its plan and efforts in transforming its economy 
especially through digital economy, c ircular economy, green economy, and others.  
4.412.   My delegation commends the UAE for its full commitment and continued support in rule 
based, predictable, transparent, fair and inclusive multilateral trading system through various 
means.  
4.413.   Reform initiatives tak en during the review period especially in legal and institutional fronts 
in different dimensions are appreciated.  
4.414.   Improvement in legal and regulatory system in labour relation in private sector, reform in 
ensuring women 's rights, supporting equal pay opportunities and simplifying previously complex 
practices between the employer and employee remained valuable.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.415.   Nepal sincerely appreciates the massive reforms carried out in the area of workers ' rights 
and working environme nt through legislative and institutional reforms, supportive programs and 
others including protection of migrant workers.  
4.416.   Let me turn to the bilateral front , Nepal and the United  Arab Emirates have been enjoying 
friendly and cordial relation since the est ablishment of diplomatic relations in 1977, and our 
friendship is based on mutual understanding and cooperation.  
4.417.   Various bilateral mechanisms, and regular high -level visits have become further supportive 
in strengthening our friendly relation towards achi eving mutual benefits.   
4.418.   People to people relations have grown steadily after the arrival of Nepali workers in the UAE. 
Nepal is one of the most important source countries of foreign labour for the UAE and the UAE has 
become one of the popular destinations  among Nepali migrant workers.  
4.419.   Nepal and the UAE have tremendous potential for mutual cooperation in the domains of 
trade, tourism, investment, renewable energy, and human resources development, among others.  
4.420.   Based on the preliminary data, Nepal imported  goods from the UAE worth of N PR 21.6 billion 
in the year 2020 while exported goods to the UAE only worth of N PR 278.5  million in the same year. 
This indicates a huge trade imbalance for Nepal and also provides further opportunity to work 
together especial ly focusing on reducing the huge trade gaps.  
4.421.   Both the countries have huge possibility of enhancing economic relation through partnership 
mainly in production of organic agriculture products in Nepal and bringing to the UAE market, 
investment in manufactur ing, tourism and infrastructure development in Nepal, among others , for 
mutual economic benefits.  
4.422.   Nepal looks forward to strengthening its relationship  with the UAE in a newer height in the 
days to come.  My delegation wishes for a successful Trade Policy Review of the UAE.  
EGYPT   
4.423.   Egypt welcomes H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and 
Small and Medium Enterprises and the esteemed delegation from  the UAE. We thank the UAE 
Government and the WTO Secretariat for their comprehensive reports, as well as H.E. Ambassador 
José Valencia of Ecuador for his insightful comments as discussant. We associate ourselves with the 
Statement delivered by the Kingdom  of Saudi  Arabia on behalf of the Arab  Group.  
4.424.   Although the Emirati economy recorded a 6.1% contraction in 2020 due to the deep 
implications of the COVID -19 pandemic and decreasing global oil prices , it was able to respond 
swiftly with a series of effective macro -economic policies which helped bounce back the economy 
with gross projections of 2.1% in 2021 and anticipated full recovery of the economy throughout this 
year.  
4.425.   Egypt applauds the UAE for its Centennial  2071 strategy , which aims to further transform 
the country into a knowledge -based economy mainly through economic diversification, 
competitiveness, innovation, and investment in high -technology sectors.  
4.426.   The Secretariat report cites several legis lative reforms that the Emirati Government 
implemented to modernize their economic environment, particularly on the investment front , which 
have led to the improvement of the UAE 's ranking in several global indicators including the 
World  Bank's Ease of Doing Business report.  
4.427.   We highlight the UAE's strong commitment to the multilateral trading system including its 
regular submission of notifications and constructive participation in various discussions at the WTO. 
It is worth mentioning that the average appl ied tariff rate in 2021 was 5% and more than 11%  of 
its tariff lines are duty free.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  4.428.   In addition, the UAE has continued implementing several measures to facilitate customs 
procedures as well as regulatory changes in its intellectual property regime during the period under 
review.  
4.429.   Egypt and the UAE share brotherly , historical , and well -established ties and our prof ound 
economic relations continue to flourish. Egypt and the UAE 's trade relations go back several centuries 
in time and today the bilateral trade ties are steadily expanding and are further strengthen ed by 
continuous interaction and mutual cooperation. The last visit of H.E. President Abdelfatah  El-Sisi to 
the UAE underscored the everlasting strong bound between both nations.  
4.430.   According to the ITC Tr ade Map, bilateral trade increased in both directions during the period 
2016-2020 by over 40% to reach around USD  5 billion. Despite the COVID -19 pandemic , other 
sources show continued increasing trends , and oil trade surpassed USD  7.2 billion  by the end of last 
year. Both countries have assured to endeavour to expand trade relations and further promote 
interaction through the Pan -Arab Free Trade Agreement.  
4.431.   The UAE is one of Egypt's most important investors a nd developing partners. The volume of 
UAE direct investment s in Egypt alone exceeds  USD 15 billion and spreads over m any sectors 
including infrastructure, construction, in addition to information  and +communications and 
technology.  We invite the UAE to con tinue expanding its investment flows to Egypt and make good 
use of increasing opportunities in various economic sectors in Egypt.  
4.432.   Finally, I conclude by wishing the UAE a successful and a productive Trade Policy Review and 
we wish for the UAE Mission in Ge neva all success under the leadership of H.E.  Mr Ahmed 
Abdulrahman Al  Jarman, Permanent Representative of the UAE. I also take this opportunity to 
congratulate the UAE for the extraordinary preparation and organization of Expo  2020 Dubai.  
  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  5  REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED  ARAB  EMIRATES  (H.E.  JUMA 
MOHAMMED AL KAIT)  AND ADDITIONAL COMMENTS  
5.1.  On behalf of the Government of UAE, I would like to give special thanks to the Chair, the 
discussant and the Secretariat for their valuable contributions.  
5.2.  The United  Arab Emirates received 600  written questions – and I am pleased to confirm that 
they have all been answered and  submitted to the Secretariat yesterday.  
5.3.  During the opening, Members reconfirmed UAE as one of their main trade and in vestment 
partner in the region. This is a testimony to the UAE's contribution to the promotion of international 
trade, and its open trade policy.  
5.4.  As outlined by the Chair in the opening remarks, the UAE has undergone legislative and 
economic reforms since the last TPR. This is largely due to the feedback we received at our third  TPR. 
We continue to use these review process to inform our trade policy.  
5.5.  Most of the concerns raised by WTO Members have already been addressed through written 
answers. I trust the  Members have had the time to go through our replies. Accordingly, in my 
statement today, I will limit myself to broadly addressing the following concerns.  
5.6.  On excise tax on sweetened beverages drinks, a number of WTO Members raised concerns 
about the imple mentation of this tax – including switching to a graduated tax based on total sugar 
content, exempting beverages with no added sugar and low caloric beverages from the tax, and 
ensuring no discriminatory treatment between energy drinks and other beverages.  The UAE will 
continue its efforts, both at the national and at the GCC level, to ensure a non -discriminatory, fair 
and coherent excise tax regime.  
5.7.  With respect to the engagement of industry and interested parties in the review of the excise 
tax, I would like to clarify that UAE already consulted the private sector and will keep the channels 
of communication open for comments and suggestions. I reassure you that UAE will duly take into 
account the comments and recommendations made by WTO Members in reformi ng the current 
excise tax.  
5.8.  Some WTO Members also raised concerns regarding SPS and TBT related issues; I would like 
to confirm that UAE's SPS and TBT rules and practices are in line with the provisions of the WTO  SPS 
and TBT Agreements. The UAE confirms i ts full adherence to transparency provisions in the adoption 
and implementation of these measures, and remains committed to being in conformity with its 
obligations at the WTO in this regard.  
5.9.  With regard to the outstanding notifications, such as in the are as of trade facilitation, market 
access and import licensing, I hope that WTO Members understand that we have limited human 
resources in this area. Despite this restraint, UAE has been doing its best to make timely and full 
notifications in compliance with  its WTO notification obligations bearing in mind the overall objective 
of improving the transparency of the trade policies. We will continuously strive to increase the level 
of compliance with the WTO notification requirements.  
5.10.   On SOEs, some WTO Members voiced their concerns over the financial activities of SOEs. 
I would like to clarify that the SOE's are managed to ensure that they operate efficiently, without 
the interference from the Government in its day-to-day operations. The SOE's are generally 
mana ged similarly to private enterprises and made accountable for their performance. In fact, the 
managerial decisions are based on objective and business criteria. Furthermore, the UAE's SOEs 
have invested and continues to invest internationally and positivel y contributing to our partner 
countries ' economic growth.  
5.11.   We reiterate our constructive and forthcoming approach of our participation in strengthening 
the multilateral trading system. We have already co -sponsored Joint Statements on E-Commerce, 
Investment  Facilitation for Development, the Declaration on Micro, Small and Medium Sized 
Enterprises (MSMEs).  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  5.12.   We have taken note of the invitations made by some Members to support other Joint 
Statements related to Domestic Regulation in Services, as well as Trade and Sustainability – we are 
currently considering positively the perspective of joining.  
5.13.   We have also been encouraged by certain Members to enhance the liberalization of some 
sectors. The UAE would like to emphasize that it has already been engaged i n this process, in line 
with its own policy objectives and the next 50-year projects. Depending on the future dynamics of 
the WTO in this area, the UAE may consider eventually coming up with proposals of liberalizing some 
sectors on a multilateral basis.  
5.14.   As we pointed out during the opening statement, the UAE is entering into a new phase of 
economic transformation aiming at establishing a new economic model based on the following pillars: 
Enhancing digitalization by accelerating the fourth Industrial Revol ution; furthering the green and 
circular economy; increasing productivity ; and fostering international economic partnerships.  
5.15.   And we continue to make significant strides in empowering women to maximize their potential 
and increase their contributions in t he workforce. This comes from the UAE's fundamental belief that 
women and men are equal partners in society.  
5.16.   In closing, I would like to reiterate UAE's commitment to the TPR process, as it provides us 
with the opportunity to gain insightful views and rec ommendations on areas of improvement into 
our trade policy.  
5.17.   We will come to our next TPR review with a further enhanced, transparent, rules -based and 
forward -looking  trade policy.  
5.18.   I would like to extend our deep appreciation for all the time and effort pu t into this process, 
and I look forward to our continued engagement with the WTO.  
DISCUSSANT  
5.19.   Last year saw the UAE  celebrate its Golden Jubilee, which was a proud moment  for the 
country. Expo  Dubai, set to end in a few days' time, marks this occasion  symbo lically  by bringing 
countries from all continents  together  under the UAE's  roof. 
5.20.   The successful Expo  Dubai reflects the  hub that the UAE aspires  to be. It wishes to be a  point 
of cont act that attracts and brings together  the world , and to  increasingly connect with other nations 
through trade, progress and cooperation.  
5.21.   It is clear from the statements by Members that have participated in this Trade Policy Review  
that there is general appreciation for the UAE's achievements in the macroeconomi c and financial 
sphere  and in diversif ying production , as well as  for its adoption of globally -oriented goals such as 
those relating to energy, climate change and sustainability.  
5.22.   The presentations by WTO Members have not only focused on matters directly re lated to 
trade, but have also covered the production of goods and services  and labour,  social, technolog ical, 
environment al and migration -related matters . Members have made these connections because it is 
obvious to them that they are factors having  a conc rete influence on trade or on which  trade has an 
impact.  
5.23.   In my view , these references refle ct the fact that  WTO Members  do not see  trade as a  technical 
field, but rather a s a field that is connected to  other aspects of social and international life. It forms 
part of the social fabric  and the life of nations, and i s interlinked with other expressions of civilization 
and social coexistence.  
5.24.   This is the only way to explain  the fact that , in a number of statements , the UAE  was 
commended on its  commitment to reaching  zero emissions by 2050, or that Dubai is to be the host 
of the 28th Conference of the Parties ( COP 28), or the suggestion that the UAE join the Structured 
Discussions  on trade and the environment.  WT/TPR/M/423 • United Arab Emirates  
 
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  5.25.   On this matter,  my country, Ecuador, is one of the coordinators of the initiative on plastics  
pollution  and I would therefore like to use this opportunity to s tate that the UAE's participation would 
be welcome in these discussions on a sector accounting for  5% of world t rade, which, through the 
multilateral trading system, seek to draw attention to one of the planet's environmental 
emergencies.  
5.26.   Returning to the Trade Policy Review, I believe it is worth noting  that some delegations 
referred to the Gulf Cooperation Council , of which the UAE is a member, and to its connections to 
the trade policies analysed. Although trade policy reviews  concern a specific WTO Member, I wonder 
whether the trade policy review mechanism for all Members should, in the future, incorporate a 
specific se gment  for the State under review to explain its interrelationship with regional or 
plurilateral agreements , without prejudice , of course, t o the fact that the matter is already 
considered in a Committee specializ ing in such agreements.  
5.27.   With regard t o the over 600  questions  submitted to the  UAE, we have received information 
from Mr  Juma  Mohammed  Al Kait, Assistant Under -Secretary for Foreign Trade, that they have been 
answered by his delegation, demonstrating great efficiency and interest in interacti ons within  the 
WTO. I encourage the UAE and the WTO Members that have sent questions to ensure that the 
process of replying to these questions goes far beyond written responses.  
5.28.   By this I mean that, as I pointed out in my statement on the first day of the  meeting, trade 
policy reviews  are not a kind of knowledge test that must be completed for formality's sake. As I 
see it , the reviews are  a tool for fostering ongoing dialogue among  Members, not only to shed light 
on trade policy content every few years, but also to offer guidelines that continu ously promote trade, 
in line with WTO principles.  
5.29.   I am pleased to note that  the re plies provided to date have certainly addressed the questions 
most frequently raised by various  Members:  
5.30.   The tariff levels for certain agricultural products  (however , as has been recognized, the UAE 
generally has very low tariff rates) ;  
5.31.   The notifications on certain aspects of the Trade Facilitation Agreement ; 
5.32.   The tax regime and the regulation on excise  taxes under preparation ; 
5.33.   Certain regulations concerning the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (such 
as the issuance of certificates), the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and administrative 
measures to authorize documents (without disregardi ng the progress made in the simplif ication of  
processes , such as in the establishment of a national  single window) ; and  
5.34.   Matters relating to government  procurement, competition policies, intellectual property and 
telecommunications.  
5.35.   I reiterate that this is  merely an indicative list  that, of course, does not cover all of the matters 
raised  in this Review.  
5.36.   I am sure that, in view of the UAE's recognized commitment to the WTO, its r eplies  to the se 
questions and the dialogue on these matters and others agreed among  the parties will yield mutual 
benefits for the State under review and all Members. Multilateralism is dialogue and con sultation , 
transparency and cooperation.  
5.37.   I commend  the delegation of the UAE for its constructive and active participation in this 
Review. I applaud its transparency, openness and genuine interest in working with other WTO 
Members to fulfil the goals of our Organization.  
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  UNITED  KINGDOM  
5.38.   The United  Kingdom thanks the United  Arab Emirates for the responses to our advance 
questions, which we received this morning and are reviewing in capital. We appreciate the UAE's 
efforts to respond to the roughly 600  advance questions they received.  
5.39.   We have s ubmitted some follow -up questions as well, related to government procurement 
and protection of intellectual property.  We look forward to receiving responses to these questions 
within the usual timeframe.  
5.40.   As H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi stated in his op ening statement, and as we heard this 
morning, the United  Arab Emirates is on the cusp of a new phase of its economic transformation, 
focusing on digitalization, greening its economy, increasing productivity and fostering international 
economic partnership s. The United  Kingdom appreciates that the UAE has placed the WTO and the 
multilateral trading system at the heart of its trade policy in support of this economic transition.  
5.41.   We likewise value our strong trade relationship with the UAE and look forward to  deepening 
our bilateral economic cooperation with the UAE, particularly in the areas of services and green 
trade, in the coming years.  
5.42.   In conclusion, we congratulate the UAE on this fourth  Trade Policy Review and wish their 
delegation a safe return home.  
EUROPEAN  UNION   
5.43.   On Behalf of the European  Union let me first thank the United  Arab Emirates for the responses 
provided to the advanced questions by the EU. The EU welcomes the useful insights that this review 
has provided into the steps taken by the UAE to wards an economic diversification away from oil and 
towards a knowledge -based and green economy with an emphasis on renewable energy, space 
technology, digitalization, education, and health.  
5.44.   We thank the UAE for the replies to our questions, we do note tha t some of them do not 
address the substance of our questions specially in the area of intellectual property and services and 
therefore  we have sen t a few follow -up questions on these topics and we look forward to the 
outstanding replies in due course.  
5.45.   We would also like to encourage the UAE to strengthen its capacity to fulfil its transparency 
in notification obligations and to actively participate in the different strands of WTO work, in 
particular consider initiating negotiations to joint the Government Procurement Agreement and join 
the Services Domestic Regulation Initiative as well as initiatives related to trade and environmental 
sustainability and we have taken good note of this morning statement in this regard.  
5.46.   In conclusion the EU would like to tha nk the delegation of the UAE for undertak ing this 
important transparency exercise and demonstrating its commitment to the WTO. We are confident 
that our good cooperation will continue.  
UNITED  STATES  
5.47.   On behalf of the United  States, I would like to thank Min ister of State for Entrepreneurship 
and Small and Medium Enterprises, Dr  Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, and the members of the UAE 
delegation for the time and effort your Government invested in carrying out this successful Trade 
Policy Review. The United  States also values the guidance of the Chair and discussant and the hard 
work of the Secretariat in preparing the report s which made this review possible.  
5.48.   As we conclude this TPR, I would like to first express our appreciation for this morning 's 
comments from the  UAE with respect to ensuring transparency  in the process  with respect to any 
changes in the excise tax for beverages. We greatly appreciate th e comment that was delivered this 
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  5.49.   On trade facilitation, we would welcome the UAE 's support for a decision on strengthening 
resiliency  and preparedness through trade facilitation,  as well as the UAE 's support for a General 
Council decision on transparency.  
5.50.   Finally, we reiterate our interest in engaging with the UAE on the elimination of its 
consularization  requirements. We have submitted follow -up questions and we look forward to 
continu ed engagement on th ese questions and other issues in the US -UAE trading relationship. We 
would like to extend our congratulation s to the UAE delegation on  a successful fourth  Trade Policy 
Review.  
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  6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
6.1.  The fourth  Trade Policy Review of the United  Arab Emirates has provided us with a good 
opportunity to understand the trade and related policies of the UAE and the changes sin ce its last 
review in 2016. The Review has benefitted from the constructive and informative participation of the 
delegation of the UAE, headed by H.E.  Dr Ahmad  Belhoul  Al Falasi, Minister of State for 
Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Enterprises ; by H .E. Juma  Mohammed  Al Kait, Assistant 
Undersecretary for International Trade, and the insightful comments of the discussant, 
H.E. Ambassador  José Valencia, Permanent Representative of Ecuador to the WTO, and the 
comments made and issues raised by the 41  delegations that took the floor during th e meeting. 
I would also like to take this opportunity to thank the delegations that prepared advance written 
questions.  
6.2.  Members generally expressed appreciation for the strong management of the UAE's economy 
over the r eview period, including during the COVID -19 pandemic. They commended the UAE for the 
structural reforms undertaken pursuant to its long -term development strategies, the Vision  2021 
National Agenda, and the recently launched UAE  Centennial  2071, which are a imed at diversifying 
the economy away from the hydrocarbons sector to a knowledge -based economy. Members 
highlighted the UAE's efforts to promote innovation and digital transformation and to increase 
renewable energy generation and reduce emissions, includ ing via its Net  Zero Initiative. Some 
Members noted the significant progress made by the UAE with respect to the role of women in the 
economy, as evidenced by recent legislation on gender equality. Some Members also congratulated 
the UAE for hosting Expo  Dubai 2020.  
6.3.  Overall, Members expressed strong appreciation for the relatively open trade policy 
environment of the UAE, acknowledging continued reforms in the area of trade facilitation, 
opportunities offered by the free zones regime, and recent private sec tor reforms such as the 
removal of many foreign ownership restrictions in the context of the new Commercial Companies 
Law. Some Members noted how the UAE's recent trade and investment policies had enabled it to 
become a regional trade and investment hub.  
6.4.  Members positively noted the strong participation of the UAE in the WTO and the multilateral 
trading system, including participation in two of the Joint Statement Initiatives (one on E -Commerce 
and one on Investment Facilitation for Development), its activ e support for a multilateral response 
to the COVID -19 pandemic, and participation in the Buenos  Aires Declaration on Trade and Women's 
Economic Empowerment. Several Members encouraged the UAE to further strengthen its leadership 
role by joining other initi atives such as the Joint Statement Initiatives on MSMEs or Services 
Domestic Regulation, or various working groups. Some Members also encouraged the UAE to join 
the Information Technology Agreement Expansion, the ITA -II, and the Agreement on Government 
Procurement.  
6.5.  While many Members expressed appreciation for the recent efforts to improve the UAE's 
notification record and the submission of numerous notifications, they nevertheless encouraged the 
UAE to submit pending transparency notifications, including in the areas of import licensing, customs 
valuation, and market access as soon as possible.  
6.6.  Several areas of interest and concern were identified. Members highlighted the overall simple 
tariff structure, but attention was drawn to the relatively high agricultural tariffs and the existence 
of applied tariffs  higher than bound tariffs , in particular for "special products". Members raised 
questions regarding certain SPS measures and technical regulations, the certification of halal 
products, the Emirates Quality Mark, labelling requirements, or requirements for the consularization 
of documents. More specifically, many Members raised concerns regarding the GCC system of excise 
duties on certain beverages, asking detailed questions regard ing the operation and future 
developments of the system, including consultations with WTO Members.  
6.7.  Other concerns raised included the role of the State in the economy via state -owned enterprises 
and government -related entities, including transparency rega rding financial operations, the 
enforcement of intellectual property rights, and government procurement practices at the federal 
and local levels, including the participation of MSMEs and foreign companies. Members were keen 
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  other free zones. Members were also interested in obtaining a better understanding of sector -specific 
support provided by the Government, including in agriculture.  
6.8.  Some Members requested further information regarding the definition of sectors of "strategic 
impact" under the new Commercial Companies Law. Several Members also inquired whether the 
UAE would further liberalize trade in services, particularly by further relaxing investment rest rictions 
in financial services, telecommunications, maritime, and medical services. The need to improve 
procedures for the resolution of commercial disputes was mentioned by some Members.  
6.9.  Many Members stressed the importance of their bilateral trade and in vestment relationships 
with the UAE, and pointed to ongoing or recently finalized negotiations on trade, investment, or 
comprehensive economic partnership agreements. In this regard, some Members also encouraged 
the UAE to deepen, together with other GCC m ember States, the harmonization of rules and 
standards affecting certain goods and simplify their application at the border. For some Members, 
movement of workers is a key aspect of their relationship with the UAE.  
6.10.   This Review was characterized by open an d constructive discussions. As highlighted by the 
UAE Head of Delegation, the discussant, and many Members, it offered an opportunity to comment 
on and review policies with the objective of contributing to policy improvement going forward. In 
this regard, I hope that the authorities find the questions received and comments shared during this 
review to be helpful.  
6.11.   The UAE has received over 7 00 written questions as of 22  March  2022, out of which 488  were 
submitted within the established deadline. Insofar as the UAE has already replied around 600 of 
them but some of them have not been replied. I would like to request it to do so as soon as possible. 
Regarding all other outstanding and follow -up questions, the UAE is expected to provide its 
responses within one  month, when this Review will conclude.  
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