G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
1 November 2021  
(21-8281) Page: 1/9 
Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures  Original: English  
 
 
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES  
SUBMISSION BY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA  
Addendum  
The following communication, dated  29 October  2021, is being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the United States of America . 
 
_______________  
 
 
1  INTRODUCTION  
1.1.  In 1999, the World Trade Organization (WTO), Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary  
Measures  (SPS Committee ) initiated a process to gat her information on technical assistance that 
Members have requested, received, or provided in support of the implementation of the 
SPS Agreement since it came into force on 1 January 1995 ( see G/SPS/W/101). In response to this 
interest, the United States ( G/SPS/GEN/181 and addenda) as well as other donors, including inter 
alia Canada (G/SPS/GEN/1426), the European Union (G/SPS/GEN/1139 and addenda), and Japan 
(G/SPS/GEN/1160 and addenda), have submitted periodic reporting on technical assistance provided 
in support of implementation of the SPS Agreement.  This submission marks the fourteenth such 
submission by the United States.  
1.2.  The compilation of US technical assistance provided to developing countries and newly acceding 
countries in this report shows the as sistance between 1 October 201 8 and 30 September 201 9. 
In this report, the United States provides details on technical assistance projects in the fields of food 
safety, animal health, plant health, and agricultural biotechnology  valued at more than 
USD 40 million . Forms of assistance include regional trade capacity building workshops and 
conferences, hands -on training programs, fellowships and exchanges, and site visits to US research 
and academic institutions.  
1.3.  The United States continues to value  the provision of technical assistance to developing 
countries in support of implementation of the SPS Agreement.  US technical assistance programs 
assist developing countries, least developing countries, and newly acceding countries in developing 
and imple menting effective, transparent, and science -based regulatory systems to protect human, 
animal, and plant health while facilitating trade in agricultural products.  These programs seek to 
foster a clear understanding of key SPS provisions in international an d bilateral trade agreements.  
The United States continues to develop and implement  demand -driven assistance in a framework of 
mutual respect and accountability  which, in our experience,  provides the strongest framework for 
delivering enduring results.  
1.4.  The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) implements many of these technical assistance 
activities in partnership with other US Government agencies, international organizations, 
US universities, agri -businesses, and private consultants.  This report includes a li st of the key 
US Government agencies involved in the provision of technical assistance to developing countries, 
least developing countries, and newly acceding countries, as well as a list of representative activities 
conducted in the specified reporting pe riod. The lists are not exhaustive.  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 2 - 
 
  2  KEY US AGENCIES INVOLVED IN PROVIDING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE  
2.1.  Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service (APHIS)  – APHIS is a lead US government 
agency in international SPS standard setting activities in the areas of animal health and plant health. 
APHIS ' international technical and regulatory capacity building activities are conducted on the basis 
of requests from other countries or from US Government agencies involved in international technical 
assistance. APHIS has staff positioned globally in 46 overseas offices assisting in both import and 
export issues. APHIS partners with international agricultural organizatio ns, such as the 
World  Organi sation for Animal Health (OIE), the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), 
the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the Inter -American Institute 
for Cooperation in Agriculture (IICA) to achieve and advance science -based SPS objectives globally.  
2.2.  Commercial Law Development Program (CLDP)  – CLDP is a division of the US Department 
of Commerce that helps achieve US foreign policy goals in developing and post -conflict countries 
through commerci al legal reforms. Partnering with the federal judiciary, other US Government 
agencies, and international organizations, CLDP designs and implements conferences and 
workshops, utilizes long and short -term advisors, and trains foreign delegations in the Unit ed States 
and other countries to improve commercial legal frameworks. These frameworks strengthen 
standards, food safety, and animal and plant health agencies; utilize international best practices to 
reduce impediments to trade; increase transparency regar ding specific SPS concerns; and develop 
early notification systems for emerging impediments to bilateral and regional trade.  
2.3.  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  – EPA works closely with the USDA Foreign 
Agricultural Service and other US agencies to provi de scientific and policy expertise for the 
establishment of standards and requirements regarding sound pesticide and chemical management 
practices based on science. EPA, considered one of the world's leading authorities on the regulation 
of pesticides, has  worked extensively with other countries both bilaterally and through international 
fora to promote harmonized maximum residue limits.  
2.4.  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  – FDA is the agency within the Department of Health 
and Human Services responsible for  protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy, 
and security of domestically produced and imported foods, as well as human and veterinary drugs, 
food additives, and supplements. FDA maintains an international presence and works with many 
other US agencies to provide public health and food safety technical expertise to our trading 
partners.  
2.5.  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  – FSIS is the USDA's public health agency, 
responsible for ensuring that the nation's commercial supply of meat,  poultry, and egg products is 
safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged. FSIS has significant expertise in helping 
foreign governments understand the regulatory system of the United States.  
2.6.  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  – FAS has the primary  responsibility for coordinating 
and implementing USDA's international trade policy, promotion, and capacity building activities. 
FAS provides technical assistance through fellowships and scientific exchange programmes , such as 
the Cochran and Borlaug fell owship programmes , as well as through the dispatch of USDA advisors 
and experts from other US food regulatory agencies to assist foreign policymakers, regulators, 
scientists, and the private sector to address complex, trade -related issues such as SPS compl iance 
and applications of agricultural biotechnology.  
2.7.  US Agency for International Development (USAID)  – USAID is the lead US government 
agency delivering development assistance worldwide. USAID provides assistance to support country, 
regional, and global strategies that facilitate trade and strengthen SPS systems. Technical assistance 
builds the capacity needed to support policy and systems change, enabling implementation of the 
WTO SPS Agreement and adherence to regional and international SPS standards.  
  
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 3 - ILLUSTRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDED BY THE UNITED STATES  
TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND NEWLY ACCEDING COUNTRIES  
BETWEEN 1 OCTOBER 201 8 AND 30 SEPTEMBER 201 9 
Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Animal Health  Global Health Security Agenda meeting  Meeting  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Global  
Animal Health  APHIS/Wildlife Services support to Feral Swine Field 
Studies  Advice, Meeting, Subject 
Matter Expert, Technical 
Assistance  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Mexico  
Animal Health  The Annual Meeting of the Zoonosis Program  Meeting  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Mexico  
Animal Health  Mexican National Technical Council for Animal Health 
(CONASA) meeting  Advice, Meeting, Subject 
Matter Expert  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Mexico  
Plant Health  European Grapevine Moth (EGM) Eradication Program Site 
Visit to California  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Argentina  
Plant Health  Hot water treatment (HWT) of mangoes and loading of 
grapes for in -transit cold treatment.    Subject Matter Expert  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Peru 
Animal Health  International Meeting of Wild Boar and Feral Swine 
Surveillance  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Brazil, Mexico, 
Paraguay, Uruguay  
Animal Health  African Swine Fever for first responders training and 
evaluation  Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Viet Nam 
Plant Health  Pest identification training for plant health officials  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Dominican Republic  
Animal Health  Rabies In The Americas (RITA) Conference  Meeting  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Mexico  
Plant Health  North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO) 
Workshop ISPM 38 International Movement of Seeds  Training, Subject Matter 
Expert  Animal and Plant Health Inspect ion 
Service (APHIS)  Argentina ; Bolivia , 
Plurinational State of ; 
Costa Rica ; 
Guatemala ; Honduras  
Plant Health  Asparagus insect sampling training  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Peru 
Plant Health  The Annual Regional Partnership and Steering Committee 
Meeting for regional partners that interact in Plant Health 
Safeguarding activities for the Greater Caribbean Region.  Meeting  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Caribbean  
Plant Health  Pest Diagnostics Capacity Building Initiative to support 
safeguarding the Caribbean from threats and /or the 
impacts of introduction and spread of Tephritid fruit flies 
through investigation/ research and the provision of 
advice and training on all matter s related to Tephritid fruit 
flies. Advice, Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Bahamas, Dominica, 
Grenada, Guyana, 
Jamaica, Trinidad and 
Tobago   
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 4 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Animal Health  Poultry Disease Regionalization Workshop  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  India 
Plant Health  Annual Biosecurity Workshop for Micronesia, Palau and 
Marshall Islands  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Micronesia, Marshall 
Islands  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health  Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture 
(IICA) Agreement Technical Assistance to support several 
micro project initiatives to support the Ministry of 
Agriculture  Technical Assistance  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Bolivi a, Plurinational 
State of  
Animal Health  Development and Management of Surveillance Standard 
Operating Procedures training for Avian Influenza  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Cameroon, Central 
African Republic, Chad, 
Congo, Democratic 
Republic of the Congo, 
Equatorial Guinea, 
Gabon, Sao Tome and 
Principe, Senegal  
Plant Health  Regional International Symposium on Biocontrol and 
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for Crop Protection  Meeting, Subject Matter 
Experts, Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Brunei Darussalam, 
Cambodia, Indonesia, 
Lao People's 
Democratic Republic , 
Malaysia, Myanmar, 
Philippines, Singapore , 
South Korea, 
Chinese  Taipei , 
Thailand , Viet  Nam 
Plant Health  Central Africa Regional National Plant Protection 
Organizations (NPPO) and Partners Taskforce meeting  Meeting  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Cameroon, Central 
African Republic, 
Congo, Democratic 
Republic of the Congo, 
Equatorial Guinea , 
Gabon, Sao Tom é and 
Principe  
Animal Health  Avian Influenza Good Emergency Management Practices 
(GEMP) Development Workshop  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Ecuador  
Animal Health  Regional Simulation Exercise of Avian Influenza  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Bolivia , Plurinational 
State of ; Brazil ; Chile; 
Paraguay ; Uruguay  
Plant Health  Risk-based Sampling Workshop  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Guyana, Jamaica, 
Suriname, Trinidad and 
Tobago  
Animal Health  Wildlife Disease Monitoring and Management Course  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  India, Indonesia, 
Mexico, Myanmar, 
Nepal, Chinese Taipei , 
Thailand, Uganda , 
Viet Nam  
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 5 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Animal Health  Poultry Disease Outbreak Management and 
Regionalization Course  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Jordan, Kazakhstan, 
Sierra Leone, 
South  Africa, 
Tajikistan, Uzbekistan  
Animal Health  Emergency Poultry Disease Respons e Course  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Afghanistan, Argentina, 
Botswana, Brazil, 
Belize, 
Dominican  Republic, 
The Gambia, Haiti, 
India, Indonesia, 
Namibia, Panama, 
South Africa, Thailand, 
Trinidad and Tobago, 
Uruguay , Viet  Nam 
Animal Health  African Swine Fever (ASF) training  Training  Animal and Plant Health Inspection 
Service (APHIS)  Viet Nam 
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Central Asia: Regional Expert Level Working Groups on 
Customs, Standards/Technical Barriers to Trade, 
Sanitary/Phytosanitary Measures, Intellectual Property 
Rights, and Women's Economic Empowerment  Advice, Training  Department of Commerce  Central Asia Region  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Commercial Law Deve lopment Program (CLDP) led SPS 
workshops with an aim to create a transparent and 
reliable environment for international transactions and 
promote economic development through trade.  Advice, Training  Department of Commerce  Georgia  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  The Food Safety Network program is intended to 
strengthen impact, leverage resources, and improve 
coordination of capacity building for food safety, animal 
health, and plant health . Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 
US Agency for International Development 
(USAID)  Global  
Food Safety  Support to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization 
(FAO) to support international compliance with the Food 
and Drug Administration's Food Safety Modernization Act 
(FSMA) and its International Food Safety Capacity 
Building Plan, which emphasizes the concept of 
preventing food safety -related problems before they 
occur . Training  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Global  
Food Safety  JIFSAN's International Food Safety Training program 
conducts Train -the-Trainer food safety courses in other 
countries.  Training  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Global  
Food Safety  Support to the World Health Organization (WHO) to 
promote the rapid exchange of information during food 
safety -related events . Training  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Global  
Food Safety  USDA FSIS Public Health Information System (PHIS) 
Technical Discussions  Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service  (FSIS)  China   
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 6 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Food Safety  Technical Outreach with SENASICA to support the 
equivalence of its food safety inspection system governing 
meat and poultry products.  Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  Mexico  
Food Safety  Food Safety and Inspection Seminar for Central and 
South American Countries Seeking Initial or 
Reinstatement Equivalence Determinations by USDA FSIS 
to Export to the United States Meat, Poultry, or Eggs.  Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  Central and 
South  America  
Food Safety  International Meat, Poultry, and Processed Egg Products 
Inspection Seminar on USDA FSIS policies and the 
equivalence process.  Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  Central and 
South  America  
Food Safety  Food Safety and Inspection Seminar for International 
Government Officials on USDA FSIS policies and issues to 
consider when exporting to or importing from the United 
States meat, poultry, and egg products.  Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  Global  
Food Safety  Comecarne Border Seminars on USDA FSIS inspection, 
export certification procedures . Training  Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)  Mexico  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Part of the Global Food Security Program (GFSP), and the 
Feed the Future (FTF), the Initiative to End Hunger in 
Africa (IEHA), and the African Growth Opportunity Act 
(AGOA). The Sub -Saharan Africa Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary (SPS) program includes capacity building in 
plant health, animal health, and food safety sys tems. The 
objective is to harmonize SPS regulations with 
international standards to enhance food security and 
increase export opportunities for horticultural, animal, 
and processed food products through scientific and 
regulatory capacity building.  Advice, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Sub-Saharan Africa 
Region  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Engagement with Georgia on the adoption of science -
based, trade -facilitating SPS regulations.  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Georgia  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  The Food for Progress Program helps developing countries 
and emerging democracies modernize and strengthen 
their agricultural sectors. US agricultural commodities 
donated to recipient countries are sold on the local 
market and the proceeds are used to supp ort agricultural, 
economic or infrastructure development programs. Food 
for Progress has two principal objectives: to improve 
agricultural productivity and to expand trade of 
agricultural products.  Technical Assistance  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Philippines; Sub -
Saharan Africa Region  
Plant Health  Engagement with Cambodia on the adoption of science -
based, trade -facilitating SPS regulations.  Advice, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Cambodia  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Engagement with Bangladesh on the adoption of science -
based, trade -facilitating SPS regulations.  Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Bangladesh   
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 7 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Food Safety  Modify and implement a national action plan for mitigation 
and remediation of cadmium toxicity in chocolate and 
cacao products  Advice, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Peru 
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Contributions to the Standards and Trade Development 
Facility (STDF) support a variety of SPS activities 
worldwide.  Technical As sistance  Food and Drug Administration (FDA); 
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Global  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Engagement with Ukraine on the adoption of science -
based, trade -facilitating SPS regulations.  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Ukraine  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Program to help increase Pakistan 's agricultural 
productivity and reduce the spread of animal and plant 
diseases by building capacities through research and 
adoption of new agricultural practices and technologies  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Pakistan  
Animal Health  The Inter -American Institute for Cooperation on 
Agriculture (IICA) facilitated a meeting  to discuss OIE 
Code Chapters of interest to Animal Health Delegates 
from the Americas.  Meeting  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Central America Region  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Engagement on trade -related technical regulations to 
support bilateral and regional adoption of science -based, 
trade -facilitating regulations and practices.  Advice, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  South America Region  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Scientific Cooperation Research Program supports joint 
research, education, and extension projects between 
US and international agricultural professionals.  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Global  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  The Cochran Fellowships Program supports short -term, 
US-based training opportunities to agricultural 
professionals from developing and middle -income 
countries.  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FA S) Global  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  The Scientific Exchanges Program supports scientific 
training, collaborative research and mentoring between 
US scientists and international agricultural professionals.  Advice, Subject Matter 
Expert, Training  Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)  Global  
Food Safety  The Producers to Market Alliance (PMA) program seeks to 
improve the capacity of rural producers to respond to the 
market requirements in selected conflict -affected areas 
where success is key to advancing Colombia's peace . Technical Assistance  US Agency for International Development 
(USAID)  Colombia  
Food Safety  The Environment Peace Initiative for Colombia (EPIC) is 
USAID 's pledge to support the Government of Colombia 
(GOC) in its Visin Amazona 2020 strategy to halt 
deforestation in the Amazon region. EPIC's efforts are 
centered in the establishment of sustainable productive 
systems and other licit economic alternatives to improve 
livelihoods and enhance biodiversity conservation through 
the development of a landscape with enriched productive 
systems connecting with natural forest.  Technical Assistance  US Agency for International Development 
(USAID)  Colombia   
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 8 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Food Safety  The Lebanon Investment in Quality program aims to 
increase the competitiveness of selected agro -food 
subsectors  Technical Assistance  US Agency for International Development 
(USAID)  Lebanese Republic  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Avansa Agrikultura, in addition to improving the country's 
horticulture value chain with farm inputs, agricultural 
extension se rvices, storage, adaptation to climate change, 
transportation, trade, and agriculture policy, it also assists 
the GoTL in meeting ASEAN food safety and 
sanitary/phytosanitary requirements (SPS) through 
technical assistance.  Technical Assistance  US Agency f or International Development 
(USAID)  Timor -Leste  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Speakers on topics related to the food and feed safety 
and adoption of GE products and biotechnology 
regulation. Participants were from Azerbaijan 's Food 
Safety Institute, Food Safety Agency, Ministry of 
Agriculture, Academy of Sciences, and Khazar University.   Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  US Department of State  Azerbaijan  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Second National Seeds Congress to bring together 
MINAGRI, seed producers, exporters, advisors, and 
academics for a robust discussion of new agricultural 
biotechnologies.  Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  US Department of State  Chile 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Work with local agricultural biotechnology industry 
associations, policymakers, and academics to support 
science -based evaluation of new products.  Subject Matter Expert, 
Technical Assistance  US Department of State  Colombia  
Plant Health  Engagement between plant geneticist and Croatian 
scientists, agricultural students to advance science -based 
approach to biotechnology.  Subject Matter Expert  US Department of State  Croatia  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Biosafety capacity development, funded in partnership 
with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.  Technical Assistance, 
Training  US Department of State  Ethiopia  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Forum for Ghanaian crop farmers to learn from other 
farmers about biotechnology products (including GE seed) 
and discuss expectations /concerns with Ghanaian 
research scientists; training on advanced agricultural 
technology, biosafety, and regulatory approaches.  Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  US Department of State  Ghana  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Lectures on bio -safety as well as the social and economic 
impacts of agricultural biotechnology.  Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  US Department of State  Indonesia  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  To expose the greater agricultural sector in Southern 
Africa to new developments in precision biotechnology 
innovation, such as genome editing, to gain wider 
acceptance among scientists and inform policy makers as 
to the end -products derived from these methods.  Subject Matter Expert, 
Training  US Department of State  South Africa  
Plant Hea lth, 
Food Safety  Seminar on Biotechnology - LLP and Trade with the 
cooperation of a local agricultural association  Subject Matter Expert  US Department of State  Turkey   
  G/SPS/GEN/181/Add.14  
 
- 9 - Sector  Description of program or activity  Form of assistance  Implementing Subagency  Provided to  
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Internationally -renowned biotechnology experts met with 
parliamentary committee members, regulatory officials, 
farmer association leaders, biotechnology advocates, and 
private sector representatives, to share their research and 
personal experiences, and lead discussions on possible 
next steps in Uganda 's journe y toward the legalization of 
biotechnology.  Subject Matter Expert  US Department of State  Uganda  
Animal Health, 
Plant Health, 
Food Safety  Embassy Science Fellowship (ESF) on sanitary and 
phytosanitary standards; Modern Problems of Genetics, 
Genomics, and Biotechnology conference with 
representatives from the Academy of Sciences, the 
Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry 
of Higher Education, the Ministry of Innovation 
Development, and professors of higher education.  Training US Department of State  Uzbekistan  
 
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