DEAS 817: 20 22 
ICS 71.100. 40 
© EAS 20 22                                                                                                                         Second  Edition 20 22  
 
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Stain remover for tableware  — Specification  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 DEAS 817: 20 22 
ii © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
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© EAC 20 22 – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page  
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  1 
4 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  1 
4.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  1 
4.2 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................  2 
5 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 2 
6 Labelling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  2 
8 Testing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  3 
Annex A  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  4 
(normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  4 
Determination of active oxygen  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  4 
A.1 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  4 
A.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  4 
A.3 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  4 
A.4 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  4 
Annex B  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  5 
(normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  5 
Determination of available chlorine  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  5 
B.1 Principle  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  5 
B.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  5 
B.3 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  5 
B.4 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  5 
Annex C  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  6 
(normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  6 
Determination of solution stability  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  6 
C.1 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  6 
C.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  6 
C.3 Determination of Solution stability at 80 ºC ................................ ................................ .....................  6 
C.4 Determination of solution Stability at 70 ºC  ................................ ................................ .....................  7 
Annex D  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  8 
(normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  8 
Determination of matter insoluble in water  ................................ ................................ ............................  8 
D. 1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  8 
D.2 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  8 
Annex E  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  9 
(normative)  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  9 
Sampling ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  9 
E.1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9 
E.2 Samples for testing  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  9 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
 DEAS 817: 20 22 
iv © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through harmonized 
standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community 
will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee (EASC) mandated to develop and issue 
East African Standards (EAS) and other deliverables. The Committee is composed of representatives of the 
National Standards Bodies in Partner States, tog ether with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations in the community.  
East African Standards are developed through Technical Committees that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups , private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner 
States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, i n accordance 
with the Principles and procedures for development of East African Standards.  
East African Standards and other deliverables are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. 
Users of the East African Standards are therefore exp ected to ensure that they always have the latest versions 
of the standards they are implementing.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee EASC/TC 074, Surface active agents  
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent rights. 
EAC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.  
This second  edition cancels and replaces the first edition (EAS 817:2015) Stain remover for tableware — 
Specificatio n which have been technically revised.  
 CD/EAS 817: 20 22   
 
© EAC 201 5 – All rights reserved  
  
 Stain remover for tableware  — Specification  
1 Scope  
This Draft East African Standard specifies the requirements, sampling and test methods for a stain remover 
used in water to remove adsorbed food stains from plastic tableware, glass and China  tableware  and non -
aluminium  coffee urns.  
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document 
(including any am endments) applies.  
ISO 862 , Surface active agents — Vocabulary  
ISO 4316, Surface active agents — Determination of pH of aqueous solution — Potentiometric method  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard terms and definitions given in  ISO 86 2 and the following  apply.  
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp  
Tableware  
dishes used to set a table, serve and display food. It includes cutlery, glassware, serving dishes and other useful 
items for practical as well as decorative purposes  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1 Stain remover for tableware  shall be a uniform, free -flowing, stable, granular, powdered or liquid 
material.  
4.1.2 It shall be free from objectionable odour either in dry form or in solution.  
 
  
2 © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 4.2 Specific  requirements  
Stain remover for tableware  shall comply with the specific requirements specified in Table 1.  
Table 1  — Specific r equirements for Stain remover for tableware   
SL No.  Characteristic  Requirement  Test method  
i) Active oxygen, %, m/m, min 4.0 Annex A  
Available Chlorine, %,  m/v, min 4.5 Annex B 
ii) pH, 2 % solution, at  25°C ± 2°C  10.5 – 12.0  ISO 4316  
iii) Solution stability  
for 3h  at 80 ºC ± 2 ºC 
for 24h at 70 ºC ± 1 ºC To pass test  Annex C  
iv) Water insoluble matter, % by mass, max  1 Annex D 
5 Packaging  
The stain remover  for table ware  shall be packaged  in suitable well -closed containers/packages .  
The product shall be packaged in containers that are able to withstand normal usage, storage  and transportation 
and that will prevent leaking, drying out and contamination of the product”.  
6 Labelling  
Each package  shall be legibly and indelibly labelled e ither in English, Kiswahili or French or combination or any 
other language as agreed to between the manufacturer and supplier with the following information:  
a) name of the product as “Stain remover for tableware”;  
b) manufacturer’s name and physical address;  
NOTE  The name, physical address of the distributor/supplier and trade mark may be added as required.  
c) batch number  or lot number;   
d) net content ;  
e) country of origin ; 
f) list of ingredients date of manufacture ;  
g) best before date ; 
h) instructions for use   
i) indicate mode of disposal of containers/packages  
j)  safety precaution  
  
© EAC 20 22 – All rights reserved  3 
 7  Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accordance with Annex E. 
8 Testing  
Before making the required analysis, the stain remover shall be thoroughly mixed in a tumbler mixer for 30 min. 
It is extremely important that all of the ingredients be uniformly distributed in the samples subsequently used in 
several of the tests . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
4 © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Anne x A  
(normative)   
Determination of ac tive oxygen  
A.1 Apparatus  
A.1.1  Analytical Balance  — Capable of determining the mass to 0.1 mg  
A.1.2  Normal Laboratory Glassware  
A.2 Reagents  
A.2.1 Concentrated Sulphuric Acid, (H 2SO 4) — Analytical  Grade   
A.2.2 10 % v/v Sulphuric Acid Solution — Prepared by adding 1 part of concentrated sulphuric acid to 9 
parts of distilled water.  
A.2.3 Potassium Permanganate, (KMnO 4), Crystal s — Analytical Grade  
A.2.4 Potassium Permanganate, (KMnO 4), 0.02 mol/L VS —  
Prepared by dissolving 3.2 g of potassium permanganate crystal s in about 1 L of distilled water. Heat to boiling 
and keep hot for about 1 h. Cover the solution and let it stand overnight.   
A.2.4.1 Filter the solution through a fine -porosity sintered glass crucible or through a Gooch crucible with an 
asbestos mat. Store the solution in a clean, amber glass -stoppered bottle and keep in the dark when not in use.  
A.2.4. 2 Prior to use, standardize the p otassium permanganate solution against sodium oxalate or other primary 
standards.  
A.3 Procedure  
Accurately (to the nearest milligram) determine the mass of about 4 g of t he sample.  Transfer into a 400 -ml 
beaker and dissolve in 250 ml of distilled water.  
Transfer the solution to a 500 -ml volumetric flask. Rinse the beaker several times with small portions of the 10 
% v/v sulphuric acid solution. Transfer all the washings  to the flask. Fill the flask to the mark with 10 % v/v 
sulphuric acid and thoroughly  mix.   
Immediately titrate a 25 -ml aliquot with 0.02 mol/L of KMnO 4. Determine the required blank and subtract the 
volume, if any, of KMnO 4 required for the blank from that required for the specimen.  
A.4 Calculation  
Calculate the percentage of active oxy gen as follows:  
% active oxygen =  
mcv
mcv 80
255 100 500 0.008 =
  
where  
v is the volume in millilitres of KMnO 4 used (corrected for blank)  
c is the concentration in mol/L of KMnO 4 
m is the mass in grams of the s pecimen   
© EAC 20 22 – All rights reserved  5 
 Annex B   
(normative)   
Determination of available chlorine  
B.1 Principle  
The sample is added to an acidified solution of potassium iodide and the released iodine titrated with standard 
sodium thiosulphate solution to the starch endpoint.  
B.2 Reagents  
B.2.1  Glacial acetic acid  99%  
B.2.2  Standard potassium iodate solution  — 0.1 N  
B.2.3  Starch indicator solution  (0.5%  w/v) — Mix 0.5 g of soluble  starch with 5 m l of cold water and add 95 
ml of boiling water. Mix, coo l and store in a glass bottle. Replace frequently or add 0.1 % m/v salicylic acid to 
the starch solution to minimize deterioration.  
B.2.4  Potassium iodide crystals  — Iodate f ree 
B.2.5  Standard Sodium Thiosulphate Solution  — 0.1 N  
Dissolve 25 g of sodium thiosulphate (Na 2S2O3.5H 2O) crystals in freshly boiled and cooled  water, and dilute to 
1 000 ml. 
NOTE  The solution is more stable if the glassware is cleaned with s ulphuric or chromic acids and  thoroughly 
rinsed with water before use.  
B.3 Procedure  
Dissolve 2 g - 3 g of potassium iodide crystals in 50 ml of water in a 250 -ml conical flask.  
Add 10 ml of glacial acetic acid, then pipette out a 3 ml aliquot of sample into the solution, keeping the tip of the 
pipette beneath the surface of the solution until drained.  
Titrate at once with 0.1 N sodium thiosulphate VS until the iodine colour is nearly gone then add 1 ml of starch 
indicator solution and complete the titration to the disappearance of the blue colour.  
B.4 Calculation  
The available chlorine expressed as Cl 2 % m/v, shall be calculated as  follows :  
= 
VAN 100 x 0.03546) x (
 
where  
A = Volume in millilitres of standard sodium thiosulphate solution requi red for titration of the sample  
N = Normality of the standard sodium thiosulphate soluti on 
V = Volume in ml of original sample in aliquot used   
6 © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Annex C   
(normative )  
Determination of solution stability  
C.1 Apparatus  
C.1.1  Hot Plate  — Capable of maintaining a temperature of 80 ºC ± 2 ºC. 
C.1.2  Ice Bath  
C.1.3  Normal Laboratory Glassware  
C.1.3  Drying Oven , capable of maintaining a temperature of 70 ºC ± 1 ºC 
C.2 Reagents  
Sulphuric Acid, 5% v/v Solution — Prepared by adding 5 parts of sulphuric acid into 95 parts of distilled water  
C.3 Determination of Solution stability at 80 ºC  
C.3.1 Procedure  
C.3.1.1 Dissolve 50 0 g of stain remover in 900 ml of distilled water at room temperature in a tared 1 500-ml 
beaker.  
C.3.1.2  Add distilled water to bring the total mass of solution to 1 000 g. Heat the solution to 80 ºC. Mark the 
liquid level on the beaker.   
C.3.1.3  Heat at 80 ºC ± 2 ºC for 3 h restoring the water lo st by evaporation. Cool the solution to room temperature 
using an ice -water bath, and adjust the solution mass to the original 1 000 g . Take a 10 g specimen of the 
solution and add 100 ml of the 5 % v/v sulphuric acid solutio n. Analyse  for active oxygen as specified in Annex 
A. 
C.3.2 Calculation  
Calculate the percentage of active oxygen as follows:  
% active oxygen =   
cvcv=8
505 100 100 0.008  
where 
V is the volume in millilitres of KMnO 4 used (corrected for blank)  
C is the concentration in mol/L of KMnO 4.  
C.3.3 Conclusion  
The stain remover for tableware shall pass the test when it does not lose more than 30 % of its original active 
oxygen   
  
© EAC 20 22 – All rights reserved  7 
 C.4 Determination  of solution  Stability at 70 ºC  
C.4.1 Procedure  
C.4.1.1 Determine the mass of three 4 -g specimens of stain remover in three 400 -ml tared beakers. Place in an 
oven and maintain at 70 ºC ± 1 ºC for 24 h  and dissolve in 250 ml of distilled water.  
C.4.1.2 Transfer the solution to a 500 -ml volumetric flask. Rinse the beaker several times with small portions of 
the 10 % sulphuric acid solution. Transfer all the washings to the flask. Fill the flask to the mark with 10 % 
sulphuric acid and thoroughly mix.   
C.4.1.3 Immediately titrate a 25 -ml aliquot with 0.02 mol/L of KMnO 4. Determine the required blank and subtract 
the volume, if any, of KMnO 4 required for the blank from that required for the specimen.  
C.4.2 Calculation  
Calculate the percentage of active oxygen as follows:  
% active oxygen = 
mcv
mcv 80
255 100 500 0.008 =
  
where  
v is the volume in millilitres of KMnO 4 used (corrected for blank)  
c is the concentration in mol/L of KMnO 4 
m is the mass in grams of the specimen  
 
C.4.3 Conclusion  
The stain remover for tableware shall pass the test when it does not lose more than 10 % of its original active 
oxygen   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
8 © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Annex D  
(normative)   
Determination of matter insoluble in water  
D. 1 Procedure  
D.1.1 Starting with a fresh portion of the material, proceed as described under E.1.2 but do not dry or weigh the 
matter insoluble in alcohol. After filtering and washing the residue thoroughly with hot ethyl alcohol, change the 
receiver, extract the residue wit h successive portions of distilled water at about 60 °C, and wash the residue 
several times to remove all the water soluble matter .  
D.1.2 Dry the sintered glass funnel with the residue in an air -oven at a temperature of 105 ºC ± 2 ºC until a 
constant mass is ob tained.  
D.1.3 Weigh accurately about 5 g of the material into a beaker, and digest with 50 ml of ethyl alcohol by heating 
on a steam bath for about 2 min. Stir and break up any hard lump with a glass rod flattened at one end. Allow 
the solid matter to set tle and decant the hot alcoholic solution through a sintered glass filter funnel fitted to a 
Buchner flask to which suction is applied. Repeat the alcoholic digestion in a similar manner with five further 
consecutive 30 ml portions of boiling ethyl alcohol . Filter each extract in turn through the same sintered glass 
funnel and, finally, wash the residue several times with hot ethyl alcohol to remove all the alcohol soluble matter.  
D.2 Calculation  
The matter insoluble in water shall be expressed as follows : 
Matter insoluble in water, % by mass = 100
mm1  
where  
m 1 is the mass in grams o f matter insoluble in water  
m is mass in grams of material taken for the test.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
© EAC 20 22 – All rights reserved  9 
 Annex E  
(normative)   
Sampling  
E.1 Procedure  
E.1.1 In a single consignment, all packages (cartons) containing toilet soap cakes drawn from the same batch 
of production shall constitute a lot. For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of this standard, 
tests shall be carried out on each  lot separately. The number of packages to be selected for drawing the sample 
shall be in accordance with Table E.1.  
Table E.1 — Scale of sampling  
Number of packages (cartons) 
in the lot  
N Number of packages (cartons) to be 
selected  
n Number of samples  
4 to 15  3 3 
16 to 40  4 4 
41 to 65  5 2 
66 to 110  7 2 
111 and above  10 1 
 
E.1.2 The packages shall be selected at random, using tables of random numbers. If these are not available, 
the following procedure shall be applied:  
Starting from any package, count all the packages in one order as 1, 2, 3.... N, selecting every kth package, 
where k is the integral part of Nn.  
E.1.3 From each package thus selected, draw at random an equal number of units  so as to obtain a total 
volume  of at least 2 L.  
E.2 Samples for testing  
Take at one time all test samples required for the tests in 4.2. Measure  the test sample required for determination 
of free alkali or acid content, and use it immediately.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
10 © EAC 2022 – All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
EAS 817:2013 Stain remove for tableware