PRINCIPLES AND GUIDA NCE ON THE SELECTION  OF REPRESENTATIVE CO MMODITIES  
FOR THE EXTRAPOLATIO N OF MAXIMUM RESIDUE  LIMITS FOR PESTICIDE S TO COMMODITY 
GROUPS  
CXG 84-2012  
Adopted in 2012. Amended in 2017.  
  CXG 84-2012   2 
INTRODUCTION  
Residue extrapolation is the process by which the residue levels on representative commodities are utilised to 
estimate residue levels on related commodities in the same commodity group or subgroup for whic h trials have 
not been conducted. Representative commodities are chosen based on their commercial importance and the 
similarity of their morphology and residue characteristics to other related commodities in the group or 
subgroup. Ideally representative co mmodities are the most economically important commodities in production 
and/or consumption in a group or subgroup and have a greater dietary burden and have residue characteristics 
similar to other members of the group or subgroup. Residue extrapolation is  a common consideration utilised 
by regulators internationally for ensuring that data requirements are only at a level that is scientifically justified 
in conducting risk assessment and to ensure the regulatory process does not become unnecessarily 
burdens ome especially for minor crops.  
The objective of this document is to (1) propose criteria for the selection of representative commodities; (2) 
propose example representative commodities and (3) provide a detailed justification for the selection of the 
representative commodities.  
GENERAL PRINCIPLES  
Representative commodities within each Classification1 commodity group and subgroup will be selected and 
proposed, based on consideration of all available information. The following principles will be used for the 
selection of representative commodities:  
 A representative commodity is most likely to contain th e highest residues.  
 A representative commodity is likely to be major in terms of production and/or consumption.  
 A representative commodity is most likely similar in morphology, growth habit, pest problems and 
edible portion to the related commodities withi n a group or subgroup.  
The application of the three principles in the selection of representative commodities is based on the 
assumption that all of the commodities, covered by the commodity group maximum residue limit ( MRL ), are 
produced following a simil ar2 use pattern or good agricultural practice ( GAP ). 
To facilitate the global use of the commodity groups for MRLs, alternative representative commodities may be 
selected giving flexibility for use of residue research conducted in different countries or re gions that may vary 
due to regional differences in dietary consumption and/or areas of production for certain commodities.  
Note : Table 1 in this document is provided to (1) separate the selection of representative commodities 
from the Classification itself ; (2) propose examples of representative commodities in parallel with the 
respective Codex commodity grouping Classification revisions; (3) provide flexibility on the selection 
of representative crops and (4) provide guidance not only to the Committee on P esticide Residues 
(CCPR ) and Codex members, but also to the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues ( JMPR ), product 
manufacturers and other data generators.  
Detailed background information regarding production, consumption, MRLs and characteristics and 
justifi cation for selection of the representative commodities according to the indicated principles were provided 
in working documents considered by the Committee when developing the representative commodities for each 
commodity group.  
GUIDANCE AND PROCEDU RES 
As proposals for the revision of the Classification are made and revised commodity groupings are developed 
and provided to CCPR for their review, proposals on representative commodities will also be provided in 
parallel with the respective commodity grouping  revisions and will advance through the Step Procedure for 
adoption by the Codex Alimentarius Commission ( CAC ). 
As comments are addressed on the revisions of the Classification and the proposed representative 
commodities and these are agreed by CCPR and adopted by CAC, two separate documents will be created 
and maintained: (1) the Classification (without mention of representative commodities) and (2) principles and 
guidance on the selection of representative commodities.  
The JMPR may be advised to use the representative commodities adopted by CAC. However, JMPR may use 
other representative commodities (including those which may be specifically requested by member nations) 
                                                      
1  Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds (C XM 4-1989) 
2  Submission and Evaluation of Pesticide Residues Data for the Estimation of Maximum Residue Levels in Food and 
Feed (Section 6.7, Point a), FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 197, Food and Agriculture Organisation of 
the United Nations, R ome, 2009 (Second Edition)  CXG 84-2012   3 
on a case -by-case basis. The JMPR will be requested to provide to CCPR justification f or the use of any 
alternative representative commodities, based on all available data.  
ALTERNATIVE REPRESENTATIVE COMMODITIES  
To facilitate the global use of the commodity groups for MRLs, alternative representative commodities may be 
selected giving flexi bility for use of residue research conducted in different countries or regions that may vary 
due to regional differences in dietary consumption and/or areas of production for certain commodities. Table 
1 in this document proposes examples of representative  commodities for commodity groups. Depending on 
country or regional differences, alternative representative commodities may be proposed by a country. For 
example, leeks may be proposed as an alternative representative commodity for green onions in the  green 
onion subgroup of b ulb vegetables.  
PRECEDENCE IN SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE COMMODITIES  
In situations where a representative commodity does not meet all three of the above principles, a 
representative commodity should at least meet the first two princip les (likely to contain the highest residues 
and also major in terms of production and/or consumption).  
Selection of Representative Commodities  
When representative commodities are utilised to extrapolate residue levels to other members of a commodity 
group , it is on the assumption that residues in other members of the commodity group will not be significantly 
different to residues found in the representative commodity. That is, the representative commodities are good 
indicators of the upper range of residue s likely to be encountered for the group or subgroup, based on the 
same or comparable GAP and other available information.  
An MRL for the group may be estimated from the highest residue level for any of the individual representative 
commodities or from th e larger combined data set. The ALARA3 principle should be considered in terms of 
whether the larger residue data set should be combined and the potential impact of derived values used in the 
dietary risk assessment.  
WIDER EXTRAPOLATIONS  
A representative commodity should meet at least the first two principles described above, i.e. likely to contain 
the highest residues and also major in terms of production and/or consumption. However, it may not always fit 
well with the growth habits, or pest problems of m orphology within one group or subgroup. In such situations, 
extrapolations beyond the members of a commodity group may be appropriate. These can be considered on 
a case -by-case basis when commodities (with similar GAPs) have similar size, shape and surface  area. 
Examples of these possible wider extrapolations include (1) translation of certain stone or pome fruit MRLs to 
a tropical fruit; (2) where residues are all <LOQ (limit of quantification) for pre -emergent herbicide uses and 
(3) seed treatments for no n systemic pesticides.  
 
                                                      
3  ALARA (a s low as reasonable achievable)  CAC/GL 84 -2012  4 
TABLE 1. EXAMPLES OF THE SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE COMMODITIES  
TYPE 01 - FRUIT  COMMODITY GROUPS  
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Group 001 Citrus 
Fruits  Lemon or Lime; Mandarin; 
Orange and Pummelo or 
Grapefruit  Citrus Fruit (FC 0001 ): Australian blood lime; 
Australian desert lime; Australian round lime; 
Brown River finger -lime; Calamondin; Citron; 
Clementine; Grapefruit; Kaffir Lime; Kumquats; 
Lemon; Lime; Lime, Sweet; Limequats; Mandarin; 
Mount White -lime; New guinea wild lime; Oran ge 
Sour; Orange, Sweet; Pummelo; Russell River -
lime; Tahiti Lime; Trifoliate orange; Unshu orange; 
Yuzu.  
Subgroup 001A, 
Lemons and Limes  Lemon or Lime  Lemons and Limes (FC 0002 ): Australina  blood 
lime; Australian desert lime; Australian round 
lime; Brown River finger -lime; Citron; Kaffir Lime; 
Kumquats; Lemon; Lime; Lime, Sweet; 
Limequats; Mount White -lime; New guinea wild 
lime; Russell River -lime; Tahiti Lime; Yuzu.  
Subgroup 001B, 
Mandarin  Mandarin  Mandarins (FC 003 ): Calamondin; Clementine; 
Mandarin; Unshu orange.  
Subgroup 001C, 
Oranges, Sweet, 
Sour  Orange  Oranges, Sweet, Sour (FC 004 ): Orange Sour; 
Orange, Sweet; Trifoliate orange.  
Subgroup 001D, 
Pummelos  Pummelo or Grapefruit  Pummelos  and Grapefruit (FC 005 ): Grapefruit; 
Pummelo.  
Group 002 Pome 
Fruits  Apple or Pear  Pome Fruit (FP 0009 ): Apple; Azarole; Chinese 
quince; Crab -apple; Loquat; Mayhaw; Medlar; 
Nashi pear; Pear; Persimmon, Japanese; Quince; 
Tejocote; Wild pear.   
Group 003 Stone 
Fruits  Cherry, Sweet or Cherry, Sour; 
Plum or Prune Plum or Peach 
or Apricot  Stone fruits (FS 0012 ): Apricot; Bullace; Cherry, 
black; Cherry, Nanking; Cherry plum; Cherry 
Sour; Cherry, Sweet; Choke cherry; Japanese 
apricot; Jujube, Chinese; Klamath p lum; 
Nectarine; Peach; Plum; Plum, beach; Plum, 
Chickasaw; Plumcot; Sloe.  
Subgroup 003A, 
Cherries  Cherry, Sweet or Cherry, Sour  Cherries (FS 0013 ): Cherry, black; Cherry, 
Nanking; Cherry Sour; Cherry, Sweet; Choke 
cherry  
Subgroup 003B, 
Plums  Plum or Prun e Plum  Plums (FS 0014 ): Bullace; Cherry plum; Jujube, 
Chinese; Klamath plum; Plum, Plum, beach; 
Plum, Chickasaw; Plumcot; Sloe.  
Subgroup 003C, 
Peaches  Peach or Apricot  Peaches (FS 2001 ): Apricot; Japanese apricot; 
Nectarine; Peach.  
 
Group 004 Berries Blackberry or Raspberry; Berries and other small fruits (FB 0018 ): Agritos; 
                                                      
1  Alternative representative commodities may be selected based on documented regional/country differences in 
dietary consump tion and/or areas of production.  CAC/GL 84 -2012  5 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
and other small 
fruits  Blueberry or Currants, black, 
red or white; Elderberry; Grape 
and Strawberry  Amur river grape; Arguta kiwifruit; Aronia berries; 
Bayberries; Bearberry; Bilberry ; Bilberry, Bog; 
Bilberry, Red; Blackberries; Blueberries; 
Buffaloberry; Buffalo currant; Che; Chilean guava; 
Cloudberry; Cranberry; Currants, Black, Red, 
White; Dewberries; Elderberries; European 
barberry; Guelder rose; Gooseberry; Grapes; 
Huckleberries; Jostaberries; Juneberries; 
Mulberries; Muntries; Native currant; Partridge 
berry; Phalsa; Raspberries, Red, Black; Riberries; 
Rose hips; Salal; Schisandraberry; Sea 
buckthorn; Service berries; Silverberry, Russian; 
Strawberry; Strawberries, Wild; Table gra pes; 
Vaccinium berries; Wine grapes.  
Subgroup 004A, 
Cane berries  Blackberry or Raspberry  Cane berries (FB 2005 ): Blackberries; 
Dewberries; Raspberries, Red, Black.  
Subgroup 004B, 
Bush berries  Blueberry or Currants, black, 
red or white  Bush berries (FB 2006 ): Vaccinium berries; 
Blueberries; Agritos; Aronia berries; Bearberry; 
Bilberry; Bilberry, Bog; Bilberry, Red; Buffalo 
currant; Chilean guava; Currants, Black, Red, 
White; Gooseberry; European barberry; 
Huckleberries; Jostaberries; Juneberries; Native 
currant; Riberries; Rose hips; Salal; Sea 
buckthorn.  
Subgroup 004C, 
Large shrub/tree 
berries  Elderberry  Large shrub/tree berries (FB 2007 ): Bayberries; 
Buffaloberry; Che; Elderberries; Guelder rose; 
Mulberries; Phalsa; Service berries; Silverberry, 
Russia n. 
Subgroup 004D, 
Small fruit vine 
climbing  Grapes  Small fruit vine climbing (FB 2008 ): Arguta 
kiwifruit; Amur river grape; Grapes; 
Schisandraberry; Table grapes; Wine grapes.  
Subgroup 004E, 
Low growing 
berries  Strawberry  Low growing berries (FB 2009 ): Cranberry; 
Cloudberry; Muntries; Partridge berry; Strawberry; 
Strawberries, Wild.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group 005 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical 
fruits – edible 
peel Olive; Fig or Guava and Date  Assorted tropical and sub -tropical fruits – edible 
peel (FT 0026 ): Açaí; African plum; Almondette; 
Ambarella; Apak palm; Apple berry; Arazá; 
Arbutus berry; Babaco; Bacaba palm; Bacaba -de-
leque; Barbados cherry; Bayberry, Red; Bignay; CAC/GL 84 -2012  6 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Bilimbi; Breadnut; Cabeluda; Cajou (pseudofruit); 
Cambucá; Carambola; Carandas -plum; Caro b; 
Cashew apple; Ceylon iron wood; Ceylon olive; 
Cherry -of-the-Rio-Grande; Chinese olive, Black, 
White; Chirauli -nut; Ciruela verde; Coco plum; 
Date; Davidson’s plum; Desert date; Doum or 
Dum palm; False sandalwood; Fig; Fragant 
Manjack; Gooseberry, Abyssi nian; Gooseberry, 
Ceylon; Gooseberry, Indian; Governor’s plum; 
Grumichama; Guabiroba; Guava; Guava, 
Brazilian; Guava, Cattley, Guava, Costa Rican; 
Guava, Para; Guava berry; Guayabillo; Hog plum; 
Illawarra plum; Imbé; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jamaica 
cherry; Jambo lan; Java apple; Jelly palm; Jujube, 
Indian; Kaffir plum; Kakadu plum; Kapundung; 
Karanda; Kwai muk; Lemon aspen; Mangaba; 
Marian plum; Mombin, Malayan; Mombin, purple; 
Monkeyfruit; Monos plum; Mountain cherry; 
Nance; Natal plum; Noni; Otaheite gooseberry;  
Papaya, Mountain; Patauá; Peach Palm; 
Persimmon, Black; Pitomba; Pomerac; Rambai; 
Rose apple; Rumberry; Sea grape; Sentul; Sete -
capotes; Silver aspen; Surinam cherry; Table 
olives; Uvalha; Water apple; Water berry; Water 
pear.  
Subgroup 005A, 
Assorted tro pical 
and sub -tropical, 
Edible Peel – Small  Olives  Edible Peel - Small (FT 2011 ): African plum; 
Almondette; Apple berry; Arbutus berry; Barbados 
cherry; Bayberry, Red; Bignay; Breadnut; 
Cabeluda; Carandas -plum; Ceylon iron wood; 
Ceylon olive; Cherry -of-the-Rio-Grande; Chinese 
olive, Black, White; Chirauli -nut; Coco plum; 
Desert date; False sandalwood; Fragant Manjack; 
Gooseberry, Abyssinian; Gooseberry, Ceylon; 
Governor’s plum; Grumichama; Guabiroba; 
Guava berry; Hog plum; Illawarra plum; Jamaica 
cherry; J ambolan; Java apple; Kaffir plum; 
Kakadu plum; Karanda; Kapundung; Lemon 
aspen; Monos plum; Mountain cherry; Otaheite 
gooseberry; Persimmon, Black; Pitomba; 
Rumberry; Sea grape; Sete -capotes; Silver 
aspen; Table olives; Water apple; Water berry; 
Water pear . 
 
 
 
 
 
Subgroup 005B, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Edible Peel – Large  Fig or Guava  Edible Peel - Large (FT 2012 ): Ambarella; Arazá; 
Babaco; Bilimbi; Cajou (pseudofruit); Cambucá; 
Carambola; Carob; Cashew apple; Ciruela verde ; 
Davidson’s plum; Fig; Gooseberry, Indian; Guava; 
Guava, Brazilian; Guava, Cattley, Guava, Costa 
Rican; Guava, Para; Guayabillo; Imbé; Imbu; 
Jaboticaba; Jujube, Indian; Kwai muk; Mangaba; 
Marian plum; Mombin, Malayan; Mombin, purple; CAC/GL 84 -2012  7 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Monkeyfruit; Nance; N atal plum; Noni; Papaya, 
Mountain; Pomerac; Rambai; Rose apple; Sentul; 
Surinam cherry; Uvalha.  
Subgroup 005C, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Edible Peel – 
Palms  Date  Edible Peel - Palms (FT 2013 ): Açaí; Apak palm; 
Bacaba palm; Bacaba -de-leque; Date ; Doum or 
Dum palm; Jelly palm; Patauá; Peach Palm.  
Group 006 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical 
fruits – inedible 
peel Litchi (lychee) or Longans or 
Spanish Lime ; Avocado; 
Pomegranate or Mango; 
Banana and Papaya; 
Atemoya; Pineapple; 
Dragonfruit ; Prickly pear; 
Kiwifruit or Passionfruit and 
Muriti or Palmyra Palm  Assorted tropical and sub -tropical fruits – inedible 
peel (FI 0030 ): Abiu; Aisen; Akee apple; Atemoya; 
Avocado; Bacuri; Bael fruit; Banana; Binjai; Biriba; 
Breadfruit; Burmese grape; Caca o (pulp); 
Canistel; Capuacú; Champedak; Cherimoya; 
Coconut, young; Custard apple; Durian; Elephant 
apple; Etambe; Feijoa; Granadilla; Granadilla, 
Giant; Guriri; Ilama; Ingá; Jackfruit; Jatobá; Kei 
apple; Kiwifruit; Kokam; Langsat; Lanjut; Longan; 
Lucuma; L itchi (lychee); Mabolo; Madras -thorn; 
Mammy apple; Manduro; Mango; Mango, horse; 
Mango, Saipan; Mangosteen; Marang; 
Marmalade -box; Matisia; Mesquite; Mongongo; 
Monkey -bread tree; Monstera; Muriti; Naranjilla; 
Paho; Palmyra palm; Papaya; Passionflower, 
Wing ed-stem; Passion fruit; Passion fruit, banana; 
Pawpaw; Pawpaw, small flower; Pelipisan; Pequi; 
Persimmon, American; Pineapple; Pitaya; 
Pomegranate; Poshte; Prickly pear, Pulasan; 
Quandong; Rambutan; Saguaro; Salak; Sapodilla; 
Sapote, black; Sapote, green; Sapote, Mammey; 
Sapote, white; Sataw; Satinleaf; Screwpine; 
Sierra Leone -tamarind; Soncoya; Soursop; 
Spanish lime; Star apple; Sugar apple; Sun 
sapote; Tamarillo; Tamarind (sweet varieties); 
Tamarind -of-the-Indies; Velvet tamarind; Wampi; 
White star apple;  Wild loquat.  
Subgroup 006A, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible Peel, 
Small  Litchi (lychee) or Longans or  
Spanish Lime  Inedible Peel - Small (FI 2021 ): Aisen; Bael fruit; 
Burmese grape; Ingá; Litchi; Longan: Madras -
thorn; Manduro; Matisia; Mesq uite; Mongongo; 
Pawpaw, small flower; Satinleaf; Sierra Leone -
tamarind; Spanish lime; Tamarind (sweet 
varieties); Velvet tamarind; Wampi; White star 
apple.  
 
 
 
Subgroup 006B, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible Smooth 
Peel - Large  Avocado; Pomegranate or 
Mango; Banana and Papaya  Inedible Smooth Peel - Large (FI 2022 ): Abiu; 
Akee apple; Avocado; Bacuri; Banana; Binjai; 
Cacao (pulp);  Canistel; Capuacú ; Etambe; Feijoa; 
Jatobá; Kei apple; Kokam; Langsat; Lanjut; 
Lucuma; Mabolo; Mango; Mango, hor se; Mango, 
Saipan; Mangosteen; Naranjilla; Paho; Papaya; 
Pawpaw; Pelipisan; Pequi; Persimmon, American; 
Pomegranate; Quandong; Sapote, black; Sapote, 
green; Sapote, white; Sataw; Star apple; CAC/GL 84 -2012  8 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Tamarillo; Tamarind -of-the-Indies; Wild loquat.  
Subgroup 006C, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible, Rough or 
Hairy Peel - Large  Atemoya and Pineapple  Inedible rough or hairy peel - Large (FI 2023 ): 
Atemoya; Biriba; Breadfruit; Champedak; 
Cherimoya; Custard apple; Durian; Elephant 
apple; Ilama; Jackfruit; Mamm y apple; Marang; 
Marmalade -box; Monkey -bread tree; Pineapple; 
Poshte; Pulasan; Rambutan; Sapodilla; Sapote, 
Mammey; Screwpine; Soncoya; Soursop; Sugar 
apple; Sun sapote.  
Subgroup 006D, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible Peel - 
Cactus  Pitaya  and Prickly pear  Inedible Peel - Cactus (FI 2024 ): Pitaya; Prickly 
pear; Saguaro.  
Subgroup 006E, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible Peel - 
Vines  Kiwifruit or Passionfruit  Inedible Peel - Vines (FI 2025 ): Granadilla; 
Granadilla, Giant; Kiwifruit; Mo nstera; 
Passionflower, Winged -stem; Passionfruit; 
Passionfruit, banana.  
Subgroup 006F, 
Assorted tropical 
and sub -tropical, 
Inedible Peel - 
Palms  Muriti or Palmyra Palm  Inedible Peel - Palms (FI 2026 ): Coconut, young; 
Guriri; Muriti; Palmyra Palm; Salak.  CAC/GL 84 -2012  9 
TABLE 2 . EXAMPLES OF SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE COMMODITIES  
TYPE 0 2 - VEGETABLE COMMODITY GROUPS  
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Group 009 Bulb 
vegetables  Bulb onion and  
Spring onion or leek  Bulb vegetables (VA 0035) : Chives; Chives, 
Chinese; Daylilly; Elegans hosta; Fritillaria 
(bulb); Fritillaria  (green); Garlic; Garlic chives; 
Garlic, Great -headed; Garlic, Serpent; Kurrat; 
Lady’s leek; Leek; Lily; Onion, Beltsville 
bunching; Onion, Bulb; Onion, Chinese; Onion, 
fresh; Onion macrostem; Onion, pearl; Onion, 
potato; Onion, Welsh; Shallot; Silverskin onion; 
Spring onion; Tree onion; Wild leek  
Subgroup 009A, 
Bulb Onions  Bulb onion  Bulb Onions (VA 2031) : Daylilly; Fritillaria 
(bulb); Garlic; Garlic, Great -headed; Garlic, 
Serpent; Lily; Onion, Bulb; Onion, Chinese; 
Shallot; Silverskin onion  
Subgroup 009B, 
Green Onions  Spring onion or leek  Green Onions (VA 2032) : Chives; Chives, 
Chinese; Elegans hosta; Fritillaria (green); 
Garlic chives; Kurrat; Lady’s leek; Leek; Onion, 
Beltsville bunching; Onion, fresh; Onion 
macrostem; Onion, pearl; Onion, potato; O nion, 
Welsh; Spring onion; Tree onion; Wild leek  
Group 010 
Brassica 
vegetables 
(except Brassica 
leafy vegetables)  Broccoli (Could be partly 
replaced by Cauliflower) and  
Cabbage, Head or Chinese 
cabbage (type Pe -tsai) and  
Brussels sprouts and  
Kohlrabi  Brassica vegetables (except Brassica leafy 
vegetables), Flowerhead cabbages (VB0040) : 
Broccoli; Brussels sprouts; Cabbages, Head; 
Chinese cabbage (type Pe -tsai); Cauliflower; 
Kohlrabi; Stem mustard  
Subgroup 010A, 
Flowerhead 
Brassicas  Broccoli (Could be partly 
replaced by Cauliflower)  Flowerhead Brassicas (VB 0042) : Broccoli; 
Cauliflower  
Subgroup 010B, 
Head Brassicas  Cabbage, Head or Chinese 
cabbage (type Pe -tsai) and  
Brussels sprouts  Head Brassicas (VB 2036) : Brussels sprouts; 
Cabbages, Head; Chinese c abbage (type Pe -
tsai) 
Subgroup 010C, 
Stem Brassicas  Kohlrabi  Stem Brassicas (VB 2016) : Kohlrabi; Stem 
mustard  
 
 
 
 
 
Group 11 Fruiting 
vegetables, 
Cucurbits  Cucumberand  
Squash, Summer  
and/or  
gourd  
and  Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits (VC 0045) : 
African horned melon; Balsam apple; Bitter 
melon; Bottle gourd; Casabanana; Chayote; 
Chieh -qua; Chinese cucumber; Cucumber; 
Cucumber, exploding; Cucumber, stuffing; Gac; 
                                                      
1  Alternative representative commodities may be selected based on documented regional/country differences in 
dietary consumption and/or areas of production.  CAC/GL 84 -2012  10 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Melon (Cucumis melo)   Gherkin; Gherkin, West Indian; Gourd, bitter 
snake; Gourd, buffal o; Gourd, fluted; Gourd, 
Malabar; Gourds, other; Gourd, pointed; Gourd, 
round; Indian spine gourd; Ivy gourd; Japanese 
snake gourd; Loofah, angled; Loofah, Smooth; 
Melons, except watermelon; Melon, nara; 
Pumpkins; Snake gourd; Squash, Summer; 
Tacaco; Water melon; Wax gourd (mature fruit); 
Winter squash  
Subgroup 11A, 
Fruiting vegetables, 
Cucurbits -
Cucumber and 
Summer squashes  Cucumber  
and  
Squash, Summer  
and/or  
gourd  Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits - Cucumber and 
Summer Squashes (VC 2039) : Balsam apple; 
Bitter melon; Bottle gourd; Chayote; Chieh -qua; 
Chinese cucumber; Cucumber; Cucumber, 
exploding; Cucumber, stuffing; Gac; Gherkin; 
Gherkin, West Indian; Gourd, bitter snake; 
Gourd, buffalo: Gourd fluted; Gourd, Malabar; 
Gourds, other; Gourd , pointed; Gourd, round; 
Indian spine gourd; Ivy gourd; Japanese snake 
gourd; Loofah, Angled; Loofah, Smooth; Snake 
gourd; Squash, Summer; Tacaco  
Subgroup 11B, 
Fruiting vegetable, 
Cucurbits - Melons, 
Pumpkins and 
Winter Squashes  Melon (Cucumis melo)   Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits Cucurbits - 
Melons, Pumpkins and Winter Squashes  
(VC 2040) : African horned melon; 
Casababana; Melons, except Watermelon; 
Melon, nara; Pumpkins; Watermelon; Wax 
gourd (mature Fruit); Winter squash  
Group 012 
Fruiting 
vegetables,  other 
than Cucurbits  One cultivar of large variety 
Tomato and one cultivar of small 
variety Tomato and  
Sweet Pepper and Chili pepper 
and  
One cultivar of large variety 
eggplant and/or tomato and one 
cultivar of small variety eggplant 
and/or tomato  Fruiti ng vegetables, other than Cucurbits  
(VO 0050) : African eggplant; Bush tomato; 
Cherry tomato; Cocona; Currant tomato; 
Eggplant; Garden huckleberry; Goji berry; 
Ground cherries, Martynia; Okra; Pea eggplant; 
Pepino; Peppers, Chili; Peppers, sweet; 
Roselle; Scarlet eggplant; Sunberry; Tomatillo; 
Tomato; Thai eggplant  
Subgroup 12A, 
Tomatoes  One cultivar of large variety 
Tomato and one cultivar of small 
variety Tomato  Tomatoes (VO 2045) : Bush tomato; Cherry 
tomato; Cocona ; Currant tomato; Garden 
huckleberry; Goji berry; Ground cherries; 
Sunberry; Tomatillo; Tomato  
Subgroup  12B, 
Pepper and 
pepper -like 
commodities  Sweet Pepper and Chili pepper  Peppers (VO 0051) : Martynia; Okra; Peppers, 
Chili; Peppers, sweet; Roselle;  
Subgroup  12C, 
Eggplant and 
eggplant -like 
commodities  One cultivar of large variety 
eggplant and/or tomato and one 
cultivar of small variety eggplant 
and/or tomato  Eggplants (VO 2046) : African eggplant; 
Eggplant; Pea eggplant; Pepino; Scarlet 
eggplant; Thai eg gplant  
Group 013 Leafy 
vegetables 
(including 
Brassica leafy 
vegetables)  Head lettuce and/or Leaf lettuce 
and Spinach  
and Leafy vegetables (including Brassica leafy 
vegetables) (VL 0053) : Acacia shoots; African 
Eggplant leaves; African nightshade; Agretti; 
Alexanders leaves; Alfalfa sprouts; Amaranth 
leaves; Arrowroot leaves; Aster, Indian; Ayoyo; CAC/GL 84 -2012  11 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Mustard greens or Kale or 
Broccoli, Chinese or radish 
leaves  
and 
Sweet potato leaves or Arrowroot 
leaves  
and 
Grape leaves  
and 
Kangkung  or Water mimosa or 
Watercress  
and 
Witloof chicory (sprouts)  
and 
Chayote leaves or Pumpkin 
leaves  
and 
Leaf lettuce or any crop intended 
to use as baby leaves (harvested 
up to 8 true leaf stage)  
and 
Mungbean sprouts  Baby leaves; Balsam pear leaves; Bambara 
groundnut leaves; Barley  shoots; Bell flower, 
Chinese leaves; Ben moringa leaves; Bitawiri; 
Bitter leaf; Blackjack; Boxthorn; Broccoli, 
Chinese; Broccoli raab; Cabbage, Abyssinian; 
Cabbage, Seakale; Cassava leaves; Cat’s 
Wiskers; Chamchwi; Chamnamul; Chamssuk; 
Chard; Chayote leav es; Chervil; Chicory 
leaves; Chili pepper leaves; Chinese cabbage 
(type Pak -choi); Chinese flat cabbage; Chipilin; 
Cress, Garden; Cress, Upland; Chrysanthum, 
edible leaved; Common bean leaves; Corn 
salad; Cos lettuce; Cosmos; Cowpea leaves; 
Dandelion; Dang gwi; Daylily leaves; Dock; 
Dolnamul; Ebolo; Endive; Fame flower; Feather 
cockscomb; Flowering white cabbage; 
Glasswort, common; Godeulppaegi; Gomchwi; 
Goosefoot leaves; Grape leaves; Hanover 
salad; Iceplant; Ivy gourd leaves; Japanese 
honewort; Jute; Kahur ura; Kangkung; Kale; 
Kohlrabi leaves; Komatsuna; Lettuce, bitter; 
Lettuce, Head; Lettuce, Leaf; Maca leaves; 
Mallow leaves; Melientha; Mizuna; Monkey -
bread tree leaves; Mungbean sprouts; Mustard 
greens; Mustard, tuberous rooted leaves, 
Chinese; New Zealand  spinach; Okazi leaves; 
Orach; Papaya leaves; Peanut leaves; Perilla 
leaves; Plantain leaves; Polygonatum leaves; 
Pumpkin leaves; Purple -stem mustard; 
Purslane; Purslane, Winter; Radish leaves; 
Radish sprouts; Rampion leaves; Rape greens; 
Roselle leaves; R ucola; Rutabaga greens; 
Salsify leaves; Sanmaneul leaves; Shepherd’s 
purse; Sichuan pepper sprouts; Sowthistle; 
Soya bean leaves; Soya bean sprouts; Spider 
plant; Spinach; Spinach, Indian; Ssam 
cabbage; Seumbagwi; Sweet potato, leaves; 
Tanier spinach; Tann ia leaves; Taro leaves; 
Toona sinensis; Turnip greens; Ullucu leaves; 
Velvet plant leaves; Violet, Chinese; Wasabi 
leaves; Water clover; Watercress; Water 
mimosa; Water shield; White lead tree; Wild 
Rocket; Witlo of chicory (sprouts); Yam leaves  
 
 
 
 
Subgroup 013A, 
Leafy greens  Head lettuce and/or Leaf lettuce 
and Spinach  Leafy greens (VL 2050) : African Eggplant 
leaves; African nightshade; Agretti; Amaranth 
leaves; Aster, Indian; Ayoyo; Bambara 
groundnut leaves; Barley shoots; Bitawiri; Bitter 
leaf; Bl ackjack; Boxthorn; Cat’s Whiskers; 
Chamchwi; Chamnamul; Chamssuk; Chard; 
Chervil; Chicory leaves; Chili pepper leaves; 
Chipilin; Chrysanthum, edible leaved; Common 
bean leaves; Corn salad; Cos lettuce; Cosmos; CAC/GL 84 -2012  12 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Cowpea leaves; Dandelion; Danggwi; Daylily 
leaves; Dock; Dolnamul; Ebolo; Endive; Fame 
flower; Feather cockscomb; Glasswort, 
common; Godeulppaegi; Gomchwi; Goosefoot 
leaves; Iceplant; Japanese honewort; Jute; 
Lettuce, bitter; Lettuce, Head; Lettuce, Leaf; 
Mallow leaves; New Zealand spinach; Orach; 
Peanut leaves; Perilla leaves; Plantain leaves; 
Polygonatum leaves; Purslane; Purslane, 
Winter; Sanmaneul leaves; Sowthistle; Soya 
bean leaves; Spider plant; Spinach; Spinach, 
Indian; Seumbagwi; Tanier spinach; Violet, 
Chinese  
Subgroup 013B, 
Brassica leafy 
vegetables  Mustard greens or Kale or 
Broccoli, Chinese, or radish 
leaves  Leaves of Brassicaceae (VL 0054) : Broccoli, 
Chinese; Broccoli raab; Cabbage, Abyssinian; 
Cabbage, Seakale; Chinese cabbage (type 
Pak-choi); Chinese flat cabbage; Cress, 
Garden; Cress, Upland; Flowering white 
cabbage; Hanover salad; Kale; Kohlrabi leaves; 
Komatsuna; Maca leaves; Mizuna; Mustard 
greens; Mustard, tuberous rooted leaves, 
Chinese; Purple -stem mustard; Radish leaves; 
Rape greens; Rucola; Rutabaga greens; 
Shepherd’s purse; Ssa m cabbage; Turnip 
greens; Wasabi leaves; Wild Rocket  
Subgroup  013C, 
Leaves of root and 
tuber vegetables  Sweet potato leaves or Arrowroot 
leaves  Leaves of root and tuber vegetables (VL 2052) : 
Alexanders leaves; Arrowroot leaves; Bell 
flower, Chinese leaves ; Cassava leaves; 
Rampion leaves; Salsify leaves; Sweet potato, 
leaves; Tannia leaves; Taro leaves; Ullucu 
leaves; Velvet plant leaves; Yam leaves  
Subgroup  013D, 
Leaves of trees, 
shrubs and vines  Grape leaves  Leaves of trees, shrubs and vines (VL 2053) : 
Acacia shoots; Ben moringa leaves; Grape 
leaves; Melientha; Monkey -bread tree leaves; 
Okazi leaves; Papaya leaves; Roselle leaves; 
Sichuan pepper sprouts; Toona sinensis; White 
lead tree  
Subgroup  013E, 
Leafy aquatic 
vegetables  Kangkung  or Water mimosa or 
Watercress  Leafy aquatic vegetables (VL 2054) : Kangkung; 
Water clover; Watercress; Water mimosa; 
Water shield  
Subgroup 13 F, 
Witloof  Witloof chicory (sprouts)  Witloof chicory sprouts (VL 2832):  Witloof 
chicory (sprouts)  
 
Subgroup  13 G , 
Leaves of 
Cucurbitaceae  Chayote leaves or Pumpkin 
leaves  Leaves of Cucurbitaceae (VL 2056) : Balsam 
pear leaves; Chayote leaves; Ivy gourd leaves; 
Kahurura; Pumpkin leaves  
Subgroup 13 H, 
Baby leaves  Leaf lettuce or any crop intended 
to use as baby leaves  (harvested 
up to 8 true leaf stage)  Baby leaves (VL 2057): Baby leaves  CAC/GL 84 -2012  13 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Subgroup 13 I, 
Sprouts  Mungbean sprouts  Sprouts (VL 2058) : Alfalfa sprouts; Mungbean 
sprouts; Radish sprouts; Soya bean sprouts  
Group 14 Legume 
vegetables  Beans with pods  
(Phaseolus  spp.)  
and/or  
Peas with pods  
(Garden pea or podded pea)  
and 
Succulent beans without pods 
(Phaseolus  spp.)  
and 
Garden pea  
and 
Bambara groundnut  
(immature seeds)  Legume vegetables (VP 0060) : Beans with and 
without pods ( Phaseolus  spp.); Beans with and 
without pods ( Vigna  spp.); Bambara groundnut; 
Ben moringa; Broad bean; Broad bean; 
Catjang; Chick -pea; Common bean (poroto); 
Cowpea; Garden pea; Goa bean; Grass pea; 
Guar; Jack bean; Lablab bean; Lentil; Lima 
bean; Lupin; Moth bean; Mung bean; Peas with 
and without pods ( Pisum spp.); Peanut 
(immature); Pigeon pea; Podded pea; Rice 
bean; Scarlet runner bean; Soya bean; Stink 
bean; Sword bean; Urd bean; Velvet bean; 
Winged pea; Yard -long bean;  
Subgroup 14A, 
Beans with pods  Beans with pods  
(Phaseolus  spp.)  Beans with pods (VP 2060) : Beans with pods 
(Phaseolus  spp.); Beans with pods ( Vigna  
spp.); Broad bean; Catjang; Common bean 
(poroto); Cowpea; Goa bean; Guar; Jack bean; 
Lablab bean; Moth bean; Mung bean; Rice 
bean; Scarlet  runner bean; Soya bean; Stink 
bean; Sword bean; Urd bean; Yard -long bean  
Subgroup 14B, 
Peas with pods  Peas with pods  
(Garden pea or podded pea) 
and/or Beans with pods 
(Phaseolus  spp.)  Peas with pods (VP2061) : Peas with pods 
(Pisum  spp.); Ben Moringa; Ch ick-pea; Garden 
pea; Grass pea; Lentil; Pigeon pea; Podded 
pea; Winged pea  
Subgroup 14C, 
Succulent beans 
without pods  Succulent beans without pods 
(Phaseolus  spp.)  Succulent beans without pods (VP 2062) : 
Beans, without pods ( Phaseolus  spp.); Beans, 
withou t pods ( Vigna  spp.); Broad bean, without 
pods; Catjang; Common bean; Cowpea; Goa 
bean; Jack bean; Lablab bean; Lima bean; 
Lupin; Moth bean; Scarlet runner bean; Soya 
bean; Stink bean; Velvet bean  
Subgroup 14D, 
Succulent peas 
without pods  Garden pea  Succulent peas without pods(VP 2063) : Peas 
(Pisum  spp.) without pods; Chick -pea; Garden 
pea; Lentil; Pigeon pea  
Subgroup 14E, 
Underground 
immature beans 
and peas  Bambara groundnut  
(immature seeds)  Underground beans and peas (VC 2064) : 
Bambara groundnut ( immature seeds); Peanut 
(immature)  
 
Group 15 Pulses  Beans, dry ( Phaseolus  spp.) 
and/or  
Peas, dry ( Pisum  spp.)  
and 
Soya bean, dry  
and  
Bambara groundnut (dry) Pulses (VD 0070) : Beans ( Phaseolus  spp.); 
Beans ( Vigna  spp.); Adzuki bean; African yam 
bean; Bambara groundnut; Broad bean; Chick -
pea; Common bean; Common Vetch; Cowpea; 
Field pea; Goa bean; Grass -pea; Guar; Horse 
gram; Jack bean; Kersting’s groundnut; Lablab 
bean; Lentil; Lima bean; Lupin; Morama bean; 
Moth bean; Mung bean; Peas; Peas ( Pisum  
spp.); Pigeon pea; Rice bean; Scarlet runner 
bean; Soya bean; Sword bean; Tepary bean; CAC/GL 84 -2012  14 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Thick bean; Urd bean; Velvet bean; Vetches; 
Winged pea; Yardlong bean  
Subgroup 15A, Dry 
beans  Beans, dry ( Phaseolus  spp.) 
and/or  
Peas, dry ( Pisum  spp.)  
and  
Soya bean, dry  Dry beans (VD 2065) : Beans ( Phaseolus  spp.); 
Beans ( Vigna  spp.); Adzuki bean; African yam 
bean; Broad bean; Common bean; Common 
Vetch; Cowpea; Goa bean; Guar; Horse gram; 
Jack bean; Lablab bean; Lima bean; Lupin; 
Morama bean; Moth bean; Mung bean; Rice 
bean; Scarlet runner bean; Soya bean; Sword 
bean; Tepary bean; Thick bean; Urd bean; 
Velvet bean; Vetches; Winged pea; Yardlong 
bean  
Subgroup 15B, Dry 
peas  Peas, dry ( Pisum  spp.) and/or 
Beans, dry ( Phaseolus  spp.)  Dry peas (VD 2066) : Peas (Pisum  spp.) ; Chick -
pea; Field pea; Grass -pea; Lentil; Pigeon pea  
Subgroup 15C, Dry 
underground 
pulses  Bambara groundnut  
(dry) Dry underground pulses (VD 2067) : Bambara 
groundnut (dry); Kersting’s groundnut  
Group 16 Root 
and tuber 
vegetables  Carrot and  
Radish and  
Sugar Beet or Beetroot and  
Potato or Sweet potato and  
Arrowhead  Root and tuber vegetables (VR 0075) : 
Alocasia; American potato bean; Arracacha; 
Arrowhead; Arrowroot; Arrowroot, Guinea; 
Arrowroot, Polynesian; Banana, Abyssinian; 
Beetroot; Bellflower, Chinese; Burdock, greater 
or edible; Canna, edible; Caraway, black root; 
Carrot; Cassava; Cattail; Celeriac; Chayote 
root; Chervil, Turnip -rooted; Chicory roots;  
Chinese artichoke; Chinese potato; Chinese 
water chestnut; Cowpea, wild; Dandelion root; 
Deodeok; Earthnut pea; Elephant foot yam; 
Gastrodia tuber; Giant swamp taro; Ginseng; 
Goa bean root; Horseradish; Jerusalem 
artichoke; Kaffir potato; Konjac; Kudzu; 
Ladybell root; Lotus tuber; Maca; Madeira vine; 
Mashua; Mauka; Murnong; Mustard, tuberous 
rooted Chinese;  Oca; Olbanggae; Parsley, 
Turnip -rooted; Parsnip; Pencil yam; Pignut; 
Potato; Radish; Radish, Black; Radish, 
Japanese; Rampion roots; Salsify; Salsify, 
Spanish; Scorzonera; Skirret; Sugar beet; 
Swede; Sweet potato; Tannia; Taro; Tiger nut; 
Ti palm; Turnip, Garden; Ullucu ; Yacon; Yams; 
Yam vean  
 
Subgroup 16A, 
Root vegetables  Carrot and  
Radish and  
Sugar beet or Beetroot  Root vegetables (VR 2070) Beetroot; 
Bellflower, Chinese; Burdock, greater or edible; 
Caraway, black root; Carrot; Celeriac; Chervil, 
Turnip -rooted; Chicory roots; Dandelion root; 
Deodeok; Ginseng; Horseradish; Kudzu; 
Ladybell root; Maca; Madeira vine; Mauka; 
Murnong; Mustard, tuber ous rooted Chinese; 
Parsley, Turnip -rooted; Parsnip; Pencil yam; 
Radish; Radish, Black; Radish, Japanese; 
Rampion roots; Salsify; Salsify, Spanish; CAC/GL 84 -2012  15 
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of Representative 
Commodities 1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Scorzonera; Skirret; Sugar beet; Swede; Ti 
palm; Turnip, Garden  
Subgroup  16B, 
Tuberous and corm 
vegetables  Potato or Sweet potato  Tuberous and corm vegetables (VR 2071) : 
Alocasia; American potato bean; Arracacha; 
Arrowroot; Arrowroot, Guinea; Arrowroot, 
Polynesian; Banana, Abyssinian; Canna, 
edible; Cassava; Chayote root; Chinese 
artichoke; Chinese potato; Cowp ea, wild; 
Earthnut pea; Elephant foot yam; Gastrodia 
tuber;  Giant swamp taro; Goa bean root; 
Jerusalem artichoke; Kaffir potato; Konjac; 
Mashua; Oca; Pignut; Potato; Sweet potato; 
Tannia; Taro; Tiger nut; Ullucu; Yacon; Yams; 
Yam bean  
Subgroup  16C, 
Aquati c root and 
tuber vegetables  Arrowhead  Aquatic root and tuber vegetables (VR 2072) : 
Arrowhead; Cattail; Chinese water chestnut; 
Lotus tuber; Olbanggae  
Group 17 Stalk 
and stem 
vegetables  Celery and  
Asparagus and/or  
Artichoke, globe  Stalk and stem vegetables  (VS 0078) : Agave; 
Artichoke, globe; Asparagus; Bamboo shoots; 
Burdock, edible, tops; Cardoon; Celery; 
Celtuce; Dokhwal shoot; Dureup young shoot; 
Eumnamu shoot; Fennel, Bulb; Ferns, edible; 
Giant butterbur; Palm hearts; Prickly pear 
pads; Rhubarb; Kale, s ea; Sweet potato stems; 
Taro stems; Udo; Water celery; Zuiki  
Subgroup  17A, 
Stems and petioles  Celery  Stems and petioles (VS 2080) : Burdock, 
edible, tops; Cardoon; Celery; Celtuce; Fennel, 
Bulb; Giant butterbur; Rhubarb; Sweet potato 
stems; Taro stems; Zui ki  
Subgroup  
17B,Young shoots  Asparagus  Young shoots (VS 2081) : Agave; Asparagus; 
Bamboo shoots; Dokhwal shoot; Dureup young 
shoot; Eumnamu shoot; Ferns, edible; Kale, 
sea; Udo  
Subgroup 17C, 
Others  Artichoke, globe  Other stalk and stem vegetables (VS 2082) 
Artichoke, globe; Palm hearts; Prickly pear 
pads, Water celery  
 
 
Group 18 Edible 
fungi  Mushrooms  Edibe fungi (VF 2084) : Fungi, Edible, except 
mushrooms; Black poplar mushroom; Blewitt; 
Bunashimeji; Cauliflower mushroom; Cep; 
Chanterelle; Enoke; Hirmeola; Ink mushroom; 
Maitake; Morel; Mushrooms; Nameko; Net 
bearing Dictyophora; Oyster mushroom; Pine 
mushroom; Pom pom; Reishi mushroom; 
Shiitake mushroom; Shimeji; Straw mushroom; 
Stropharia; Truffle; Wangsongi; White jelly 
mushroom; Wood ears mushro om 
 CAC/GL 84 -2012  16 
TABLE 3 . EXAMPLES OF SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE COMMODITIES  
TYPE 03 - GRASS COMMODITY GROUPS  
Codex Group / 
Subgroup  Examples of 
Representative 
Commodities1 Extrapolation to the following commodities  
Group 020 Cereal Grains  Wheat and  
Barley and  
Rice and  
Sorghum Grain and  
Maize and  
Sweet corn  Cereal grains (GC 0080) : Amaranth, grain; Baby 
corn (immature corn); Barley; Buckwheat; 
Buckwheat, tartary; Canarygrass, annual; Cañihua ; 
Chia; Corn -on-the-cob (kernels plus cob with husk 
removed); Cram -cam; Hungry rice; Huauzontle; 
Job’s tears; Maize; Millet; Oats; Popcorn; Psyllium 
sp., Quinoa; Rice; Rice, African; Rye; Sorghum; 
Sweet corn (whole kernel without cob or husk); Teff 
or Tef;  Teosinte; Triticale; Wheat; Wild rice  
Subgroup 020A, Wheat, 
similar grains and 
pseudocereals without 
husks  Wheat  Wheat, similar grains, and pseudocereals without 
husks (GC 2086 ): Amaranth, grain; Cañihua; Chia; 
Cram -cam; Huauzontle; Psyllium sp., Quinoa;  Rye; 
Triticale; Wheat  
Subgroup 020B, Barley, 
similar grains, and 
pseudocereals with husks  Barley  Barley, similar grains, and pseudocereals with husks 
(GC 2087 ): Barley; Buckwheat; Buckwheat, tartary; 
Canarygrass, annual; Oats  
Subgroup 020C Rice 
cereals  Rice Rice Cereals (GC 2088) : Rice; Rice, African; Wild 
rice 
Subgroup 020D Sorghum 
Grain and Millet  Sorghum Grain  Sorghum Grain and Millet (GC 2089) : Hungry rice; 
Job’s tears; Millet; Sorghum Grain; Teff or Tef;  
Subgroup 020E Maize 
Cereals  Maize  Maize; Popcorn; Teosinte  
Subgroup 020F Sweet 
corns  Sweet corn  
(Corn -on-the-cob) 
(kernels plus cob with 
husk removed)  Sweet corns (GC 2090) : Baby corn; Sweet corn 
(Corn -on-the-cob) (kernels plus cob with husk 
removed); Sweet corn (whole kernel without cob or 
husk)  
Group 021 Grasses for 
sugar production and 
grasses and other plants 
for syrup production  Sugar cane or Sorgo 
or Sorghum, Sweet  Sorgo or Sorghum, Sweet; Sugar cane  
 
 
                                                      
1  Alternative representative commodities may be selected based on documented regional/country differences in 
dietary consumption and/or areas of production.