WT/L/1077  
 
27 November 2019  
(19-8160) Page: 1/10 
General Council  
9-11 December 2019  Original: English  
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION PREFE RENCES FOR ALBANIA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVI NA, 
KOSOVO1, MONTENEGRO, NORTH MACEDONIA AND SERBIA  
REPORT OF THE EUROPE AN UNION UNDER THE D ECISION OF 7 DECEMBE R 20162 
COVERING THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY -31 DECEMBE R 2018  
The following communication, dated 26 November 2019, is being circulated at the request of the 
delegation of the European Union.  
 
_______________  
 
 
1  INTRODUCTION  
1.1.  On 8 December 2000, the European Union (EU) was granted a waiver (WT/L/380) from its 
obligations under paragr aph 1 of Article I of the GATT 1994 to the extent necessary to permit the 
European Union to afford duty -free or preferential treatment to eligible products originating in 
Albania, Bosnia -Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and S erbia and 
Montenegro, without being required to extend the same duty -free or preferential treatment to like 
products of any other Member. This waiver expired on 31 December 2006.  
1.2.  With a view to maintaining the current system in place, the EU requested two extensions of 
the Western Balkans Waiver, which were adopted by the WTO General Council at its meetings on 
27-28 July 2006 (WT/L/654), on 30 November 2011 (WT/L/836), and on 7 December 2016 
(WT/L/1002) respectively. The waiver will expire on 31  December 20 21 and covers products 
originating in the Republic of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo , Montenegro,  the Republic 
of North Macedonia  and the Republic of Serbia.  
1.3.  Under the terms of this waiver, the EU is required to submit to the General Council an a nnual 
report on the preferences and duty -free treatment afforded to products from the partners listed in 
paragraph 1, including the extent to which such preferences and duty -free treatment differ from the 
EU's MFN and GSP concessions, with a view to facili tating the annual review provided for in 
paragraph  4 of Article IX of the WTO Agreement. This report covers the calendar year 2018.  
1.4.  The EU trade regime vis-à-vis these partners is currently regulated by the granting of 
autonomous trade preferences and by t he conclusion of Stabilization and Association Agreements.  
2  AUTONOMOUS TRADE PRE FERENCES  
2.1.  Before 2000, the EU already had a liberal trade regime towards the Western Balkans, allowing 
more than 80% of regional exports to enter the European Union duty -free. O n 1 December 2000 
the EU Council of Ministers extended the duty -free access to the EU market for products originating 
from this area even further.  
2.2.  The reason for such an extension was that the general level of imports from the Western Balkan 
partners remai ned very low, being less than one per cent of all EU imports. It was, therefore, 
considered appropriate to further improve the EU's autonomous trade preferences by removing all 
 
1 This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and 
the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.  
2 WT/L/1002 . WT/L/1077  
 
- 2 - 
 
  remaining tariff ceilings for industrial and agricultural products and by furth er improving access to 
the EU market for agricultural and fishery products.  
2.3.  Further market opening also accompanied the enhanced process of political and economic 
stabilization in the region into which the European Union engaged following the end of the Balkan 
wars in the 1990s. Fully liberalized access to the markets of the EU is also foreseen as part of the 
Stabilization and Association Process. In addition to the autonomous trade preferences, the 
Stabilization and Association Agreements facilitate this  liberalization.  
3  THE STABILIZATION AN D ASSOCIATION AGREEM ENTS  
3.1.  The Stabilization and Association Agreements are tools which provide for the economic 
development and political stabilization of the partners in the region, and establish a close, long -term 
association between the EU and the Western Balkans.  
3.2.  The Stabilization and Association Agreement with North Macedonia  entered into force on 
1 April 2004, the one with Albania on 1  April 2009, the one with Montenegro on 1  May 2010, the 
one with the Republic of S erbia on 1 September 2013, the one with Bosnia and Herzegovina on 
1 June 2015 and the one with Kosovo on 1 April 2016.  
3.3.  These Stabilization and Association Agreements aim at creating a free trade area for goods 
among the parties over a transitional period in line with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 and envisage 
a progressive and reciprocal liberalization of trade in services. Associated disciplines in areas such 
as competition and state aid rules, intellectual property, public procurement, etc. are also envi saged.  
3.4.  All the agreements establish a free trade area with the concerned partner in line with the 
obligations foreseen in Article XXIV of the GATT  1994 and in Article V of the GATS. At the same time 
they also allow the continuation of the autonomous prefer ences where these provide more 
favourable conditions for the export of the goods originating in Albania,  Bosnia and Herzegovina, 
Kosovo,  Montenegro,  North Macedonia  and Serbia.  
4  TRADE WITH THE PARTN ERS OF THE WESTERN B ALKANS  
4.1.   In the year 2018 EU imports fro m the Western Balkans concentrated primarily on machinery 
and transport equipment, miscellaneous manufactured articles and manufactured goods classified 
chiefly by material.  
4.2.  Statistical annexes are provided to present a detailed description of the EU trade  relations with 
the partners of the Western Balkans for the year 2018. The first annex describes the trade relations 
with the partners of the Western Balkans as a whole, while the remaining annexes describe in detail 
the trade relations with each partner o f the region.  
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  WT/L/1077  
 
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  ANNEX 1: WESTERN BAL KANS  2018 
Population in Mio   17.7 
Area in 1000skm  207.8  
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  94.3 
GDP Per Capita in euro  5,322  
EU 27 TRADE WITH WES TERN BALKANS  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 9,003  0.8 21,584  2.1 12,581  
2006 11,573  0.9 25,204  2.2 13,631  
2007 13,340  0.9 29,374  2.4 16,034  
2008 13,928  0.9 33,029  2.5 19,101  
2009 11,177  0.9 25,478  2.3 14,301  
2010 14,030  0.9 26,490  1.9 12,460  
2011 16,320  0.9 30,284  1.9 13,964  
2012 15,432  0.9 29,861  1.8 14,430  
EU 28 TRADE WITH WES TERN BALKANS  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 13,769  0.8 22,062  1.3 8,293  
2014 15,051  0.9 23,368  1.4 8,317  
2015 16,150  0.9 24,502  1.4 8,352  
2016 17,746  1.0 25,967  1.5 8,220  
2017 20,251  1.1 29,237  1.6 8,986  
2018 22,679  1.1 31,821  1.6 9,142  
MAIN PRODUCTS 201 8 
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  22,679  100 1.14%  31,821  100 1.63%  
1000 - Primary products  5,221  23 0.80%  8,354  26.3 2.65%  
1100 - Agricultural products  2,148  9.5 1.36%  3,602  11.3 2.35%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  3,073  13.5 0.62%  4,752  14.9 2.93%  
2000 - Manufactures  17,290  76.2 1.36%  23,239  73 1.48%  
2100 - Iron and steel  1,187  5.2 2.99%  974  3.1 2.84%  
2200 - Chemicals  2,543  11.2 1.25%  4,835  15.2 1.36%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  2,365  10.4 2.32%  4,026  12.7 3.13%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  6,342  28 1.02%  9,202  28.9 1.13%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  141  0.6 0.06%  1,066  3.3 1.30%  
2420 - Transport equipment  1,548  6.8 1.05%  2,880  9.1 0.88%  
2430 - Other machinery  4,653  20.5 1.86%  5,234  16.4 1.30%  
2500 - Textiles  259  1.1 0.94%  1,256  3.9 6.52%  
WT/L/1077  
 
- 4 - 
 
  Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
2600 - Clothing  1,519  6.7 1.69%  585  1.8 2.01%  
2700 - Other manufactures  3,075  13.6 1.62%  2,360  7.4 1.20%  
3000 - Other products  140  0.6 0.25%  121  0.4 0.18%  
The above codes correspond to the following SITC codes: 1000 - Primary products:  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 68; 1100 - 
Agricultural products:  0, 1, 2, 4, excl. 27, excl. 28; 1200 - Fuels and mining products : 3, 27, 28, 68; 2000 – 
Manufactures:  5, 6, 7, 8, excl. 68, excl. 891; 2100 - Iron and steel:  67; 2200 – Chemicals:  5; 2300 - Other 
semi-manufactures:  61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69; 2400 - Machinery  and transport equipment:  7; 2410 - Office and 
telecommunication equipment:  75, 76, 776; 2420 - Transport equipment:  78, 79, 713, 7783; 2430 - Other 
machinery:  71, 72, 73, 74, 77, excl. 713, excl. 776, excl. 7783; 2500 – Textiles:  65; 2600 – Clothing:  84; 2700 
- Other manufactures:  81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, excl. 891; 3000 - Other products:  9, 891.  
Source: World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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  WT/L/1077  
 
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  ANNEX 2: ALBANIA 2018  
Population in Mio  2.9 
Area in 1000skm  28.7 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  12.8 
GDP Per Capita in euro  4,423  
EU 27 TRADE WITH ALB ANIA  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 417 0.0 1,383  0.1 966 
2006 496 0.0 1,541  0.1 1,045  
2007 627 0.0 1,802  0.1 1,175  
2008 688 0.0 2,002  0.2 1,315  
2009 654 0.1 1,969  0.2 1,315  
2010 894 0.1 2,063  0.2 1,169  
2011 942 0.1 2,289  0.1 1,347  
2012 1,114  0.1 2,372  0.1 1,258  
EU 28 TRADE WITH ALBANIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 64 EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 55 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
imports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  Share of 
total EU 
exports (%)  Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 1,235  0.1 2,326  0.1 1,091  
20120 201401444  1,246  0.1 2,468  0.1 1,222  
2015 1,165  0.1 2,520  0.1 1,355  
2016 1,291  0.1 2,708  0.2 1,416  
2017 1,503  0.08 2,987  0.16 1,484  
2018 1,759  0.09 3,198  0.16 1,439  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2018  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  1,759  100 0.09%  3,198  100 0.16%  
1000 – Primary products  472  26.8 0,07%  1,000  31.3 0.32%  
1100 – Agricultural products  180  10.2 0.11%  485  15.2 0.32%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  292  16.6 0.06%  515  16.1 0.32%  
2000 – Manufactures  1,231  70 0.10%  2,179  68.1 0.14%  
2100 – Iron and steel  22  1.3 0.06%  68  2.1 0.20%  
2200 – Chemicals  13  0.7 0.01%  349  10.9 0.10%  
2300 – Other semi -manufactures  146  8.3 0.14%  434  13.6 0.34%  
2400 – Machinery and transport 
equipment  116  6.6 0.02%  677  21.2 0.08%  
2410 – Office and telecommunication 
equipment  11  0.6 0.00%  91  2.8 0.11%  
2420 – Transport equipment  19  1.1 0.01%  184  5.8 0.06%  
2430 – Other machinery  86  4.9 0.03%  402  12.6 0.10%  
2500 – Textiles  17  1.0 0.06%  208  6.5 1.08%  
2600 – Clothing  419  23.8 0.47%  184  5.7 0.63%  
2700 – Other manufactures  499  28.4 0.26%  260  8.1 0.13%  
3000 – Other products  41  2.3 0.07%  8  0.3 0.01%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
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  ANNEX 3: BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA  2018 
Population in Mio  3.3 
Area in 1000skm  51.1 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  16.8 
GDP Per Capita in euro  5,039  
EU 27 TRADE WITH BOS NIA AND HERZEGOVINA  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,332  0.1 2,871  0.3 1,538  
2006 1,725  0.1 2,883  0.2 1,157  
2007 1,832  0.1 3,123  0.3 1,292  
2008 1,937  0.1 3,736  0.3 1,799  
2009 1,527  0.1 2,941  0.3 1,414  
2010 2,026  0.1 3,138  0.2 1,112  
2011 2,406  0.1 3,537  0.2 1,131  
2012 2,422  0.1 3,598  0.2 1,176  
EU 28 TRADE WITH BOS NIA AND HERZEGOVINA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 47 EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 41 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 3,244  0.2 4,777  0.3 1,533  
2014 3,330  0.2 5,024  0.3 1,694  
2015 3,493  0.2 5,075  0.3 1,582  
2016 3,786  0.2 5,265  0.3 1,471  
2017 4,256  0.23 5,920  0.32 1,664  
2018 4,702  0.24 6,086  0.31 1,385  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2018 
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  4,702  100 0.24%  6,086  100 0.31%  
1000 - Primary products  1,274  27.1 0.20%  1,755  28.8 0.56%  
1100 - Agricultural products  428  9.1 0.27%  925  15.2 0.60%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  846  18 0.17%  830  13.6 0.51%  
2000 - Manufactures  3,400  72.3 0.27%  4,293  70.5 0.27%  
2100 - Iron and steel  130  2.8 0.33%  241  4 0.70%  
2200 - Chemicals  312  6.6 0.15%  853  14 0.24%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  659  14 0.65%  887  14.6 0.69%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  837  17.8 0.13%  1,437  23.6 0.18%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  16  0.3 0.01%  150  2.5 0.18%  
2420 - Transport equipment  163  3.5 0.11%  530  8.7 0.16%  
2430 - Other machinery  658  14 0.26%  738  12.1 0.18%  
2500 - Textiles  41  0.9 0.15%  284  4.7 1.47%  
2600 - Clothing  250  5.3 0.28%  92  1.5 0.32%  
2700 - Other manufactures  1,172  24.9 0.62%  497  8.2 0.25%  
3000 - Other products  21  0.4 0.04%  22  0.4 0.03%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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  ANNEX 4: NORTH  MACEDONIA  2018  
Population in Mio  2.1 
Area in 1000skm  25.7 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  10.7 
GDP Per Capita in euro  5,151  
EU 27 TRADE WITH NORTH MACEDONIA  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,018  0.1 1,567  0.1 550 
2006 1,304  0.1 1,832  0.2 528 
2007 1,858  0.1 2,080  0.2 223 
2008 1,765  0.1 2,532  0.2 767 
2009 1,189  0.1 2,076  0.2 887 
2010 1,735  0.1 2,383  0.2 648 
2011 2,161  0.1 2,947  0.2 787 
2012 2,126  0.1 3,300  0.2 1,174  
EU 28 TRADE WITH NORTH MACEDONIA  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 48 EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 47 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 2,388  0.1 3,396  0.2 1,008  
2014 3,019  0.2 3,818  0.2 799 
2015 3,365  0.2 4,114  0.2 749 
2016 3,713  0.2 4,452  0.3 740 
2017 4,239  0.23 4,971  0.26 732 
2018 4,925  0.25 5,561 0.28 635 
MAIN PRODUCTS 201 8 
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  4,925  100 0.25%  5,561  100 0.28%  
1000 - Primary products  641  13 0.10% 2,030  36.5 0.64%  
1100 - Agricultural products  288  5.8 0.18% 411  7.4 0.27%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  353  7.2 0.07% 1,620  29.1 1.00%  
2000 - Manufactures  4,258  86.4 0.33% 3,494  62.8 0.22%  
2100 - Iron and steel 330  6.7 0.83% 201  3.6 0.59%  
2200 - Chemicals  1,250  25.4 0.61% 590  10.6 0.17%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  111  2.3 0.11% 669  12 0.52%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  1,769  35.9 0.29% 1,342  24.1 0.17%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  20  0.4 0.01% 167  3 0.20%  
2420 - Transport equipment  285  5.8 0.19% 356  6.4 0.11%  
2430 - Other machinery  1,465  29.7 0.58% 819  14.7 0.20%  
2500 - Textiles  41  0.8 0.15% 357  6.4 1.85%  
2600 - Clothing  429  8.7 0.48% 37  0.7 0.13%  
2700 - Other manufactures  328  6.7 0.17% 297  5.3 0.15%  
3000 - Other products  26  0.5 0.05% 24  0.4 0.03%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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  ANNEX 5: KOSOVO  2018  
Population in Mio  1.8 
Area in 1000sk  10.9 
Gross Domestic Product in BN €  6.3 
GDP Per Capita in euro  3,443  
EU 27 TRADE WITH KOS OVO 
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 12 0.0 155 0.0 143 
2006 28 0.0 277 0.0 250 
2007 47 0.0 424 0.0 377 
2008 86 0.0 533 0.0 447 
2009 80 0.0 619 0.1 539 
2010 147 0.0 626 0.1 479 
2011 137 0.0 672 0.0 535 
2012 121 0.0 645 0.0 524 
EU 28 TRADE WITH KOS OVO 
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 130  EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 90 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 125 0.0 724 0.0 599 
2014 96 0.0 728 0.0 632 
2015 104 0.0 764 0.0 660 
2016 73 0.0 854 0.1 780 
2017 89 0.0 906 0.05 817 
2018 101 0.01 1,044 0.05 943 
MAIN PRODUCTS 2018 
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  101  100 0.01%  1,044  100 0.05%  
1000 - Primary products  45  45.2 0.01%  297  28.5 0.09%  
1100 - Agricultural products  26  26.1 0.02%  258  24.7 0.17%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  19  19.1 0.00%  39  3.8 0.02%  
2000 - Manufactures  51  50.5 0.00%  733  70.3 0.05%  
2100 - Iron and steel  0  0.3 0.00%  15  1.5 0.04%  
2200 - Chemicals  5  5.2 0.00%  156  14.9 0.04%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  9  9.3 0.01%  129  12.3 0.10%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  5  5.2 0.00%  327  31.4 0.04% 
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  0  0.2 0.00%  46  4.4 0.06%  
2420 - Transport equipment  2  1.6 0.00%  112  10.7 0.03%  
2430 - Other machinery  3  3.5 0.00%  170  16.2 0.04%  
2500 - Textiles  2  2.2 0.01%  7  0.6 0.03%  
2600 - Clothing  2  1.9 0.00%  19  1.8 0.07%  
2700 - Other manufactures  27  26.4 0.01%  80  7.7 0.04%  
3000 - Other products  4  4.3 0.01%  5  0.5 0.01%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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  ANNEX  6: SERBIA 2018  
Population in Mio  7.0 
Area in 1000skm  77.5 
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 42.8 
GDP Per Capita in euro  6,101  
EU 27 TRADE WITH SER BIA 
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 1,177  0.1 2,610  0.2 1,433  
2006 2,835  0.2 5,793  0.5 2,957  
2007 3,656  0.3 8,012  0.6 4,356  
2008 4,013  0.3 9,044  0.7 5,031  
2009 3,211  0.3 6,588  0.6 3,377  
2010 4,085  0.3 7,426  0.6 3,341  
2011 4,819  0.3 8,629  0.6 3,810  
2012 4,716  0.3 9,124  0.6 4,408  
EU 28 TRADE WITH SER BIA 
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 34 EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 27 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 6,588  0.4 9,927  0.6 3,380  
2014 7,110  0.4 10,357 0.6 3,262  
2015 7,880  0.5 11,154  0.6 3,270  
2016 8,732  0.5 11,693  0.6 2,957  
2017 9,999  0.54 13,387  0.71 3,388  
2018 11,003  0.56 14,727  0.75 3,724  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2018  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 - Total  11,003  100 0.56%  14,727  100 0.75%  
1000 - Primary products  2,681  24 0.41%  2,841  19.3 0.90%  
1100 - Agricultural products  1,216  11 0.77%  1,312  8.9 0.85%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  1,465  13 0.30%  1,530  10.4 0.94%  
2000 - Manufactures  8,275  75 0.65%  11,778  80 0.75%  
2100 - Iron and steel 687  6 1.73%  439  3 1.28%  
2200 - Chemicals  957  8 0.47%  2,791  19 0.79%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  1,433  13 1.41%  1,782  12.1 1.38%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  3,577  32 0.58%  5,031  34.2 0.62%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  93  0.8 0.04%  566  3.8 0.69%  
2420 - Transport equipment  1,054  9.6 0.71%  1,484  10.1 0.46%  
2430 - Other machinery  2,430  22.1 0.97%  2,979  20.2 0.74%  
2500 - Textiles  158  1.4 0.57%  393  2.7 2.04%  
2600 - Clothing  419  3.8 0.47%  223  1.5 0.77%  
2700 - Other manufactures  1,045  9.5 0.55%  1,118  7.6 0.57%  
3000 - Other products  41  0.4 0.07%  55  0.4 0.08%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
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WT/L/1077  
 
- 10 - 
 
  ANNEX 7: MONTENEGRO  2018  
Population in Mio  0.6 
Area in 1000skm  13.8 
Gross Domestic Product in BN € 4.6 
GDP Per Capita in euro  7,351  
EU 27 TRADE WITH MON TENEGRO  
Year IMPORTS  EXPORTS  BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2005 85 0.0 284 0.0 199 
2006 293 0.0 517 0.0 224 
2007 341 0.0 673 0.1 333 
2008 271 0.0 871 0.1 600 
2009 130 0.0 533 0.0 403 
2010 183 0.0 545 0.0 362 
2011 220 0.0 686 0.0 466 
2012 268 0.0 747 0.0 479 
EU 28 TRADE WITH MONTENEGRO  
Year IMPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 123  EXPORTS  
Rank 2018 : 83 BALANCE  
Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU imports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  Share of total 
EU exports 
(%) Value  
(Mio €)  
2013 188 0.0 912 0.1 724 
2014 251 0.0 973 0.1 722 
2015 144 0.0 877 0.1 733 
2016 152 0.0 995 0.1 843 
2017 166 0.01 1,066  0.06 900 
2018 189 0.01 1,205  0.06 1,016  
MAIN PRODUCTS 2018  
Products  Imports  Exports  
(Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Imports  (Mio 
euro)  % Share of 
total EU 
Exports  
0000 – Total  189  100 0.01%  1,205  100 0.06%  
1000 - Primary products  107  56.5 0.02%  431  35.8 0.14%  
1100 - Agricultural products  11  5.6 0.01%  212  17.6 0.14%  
1200 - Fuels and mining products  96  50.9 0.02%  219  18.2 0.13%  
2000 - Manufactures  75  39.5 0.01%  761  63.1 0.05%  
2100 - Iron and steel  17  9.2 0.04%  9  0.7 0.03%  
2200 - Chemicals  7  3.8 0.00%  95  7.9 0.03%  
2300 - Other semi -manufactures  7  3.6 0.01%  125  10.4 0.10%  
2400 - Machinery and transport 
equipment  37  19.7 0.01%  388  32.2 0.05%  
2410 - Office and telecommunication 
equipment  2  0.8 0.00%  47  3.9 0.06%  
2420 - Transport equipment  25  13.3 0.02%  214  17.8 0.07%  
2430 - Other machinery  11  5.6 0.00%  127  10.5 0.03%  
2500 - Textiles  0  0 0.00%  8  0.6 0.04%  
2600 - Clothing  1  0.4 0.00%  30  2.5 0.10%  
2700 - Other manufactures  5  2.6 0.00%  107  8.9 0.05%  
3000 - Other products  1 0.4 0.00%  7 0.7 0.01%  
Source:  World Bank.  
 EUROSTAT (Comext, Statistical regime 4).  
 
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