DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
ICS 67.200 
First Edition  
  
 © KEBS 2024  
 Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil — 
Specification  
 
  
 
 
DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
ICS 67.200 
First  Edition  
 
© KEBS 2024 – All rights reserved  ii 
  TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION  
The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee:  
University of Nairobi  
Egerton University  
Kapa Oil Refineries Ltd.  
Bidco Africa Ltd.  
Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)  
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI)  
Government Chemists Department  
Agriculture and Food Authority (AFA) — Nuts and Oil Crops Directorate (NOCD)  
Agventure Limited  
Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH)  
Fairoil s EPZ Limited  
Upfield Kenya Limited  
Kenya Bureau of Standards — Secretariat  
 
 
 DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
ICS 67.200 
First  Edition  
 
© KEBS 2024 – All rights reserved  iii 
  REVISION OF KENYA STANDARDS  
In order to keep abreast of progress in industry, Kenya Standards shall be regularly reviewed.  Suggestions for 
improvements to published standards, addressed to the Managing Director, Kenya Bureau of Standards, are 
welcome.  
© Kenya Bureau of Standards, 2024  
Copyright. Users are reminded that by virtue of Section 25 of the Copyright Act, Cap. 130 of 2001 of the Laws of Kenya, copyr ight subsists 
in all Kenya Standards and except as provided under Section 25 of this Act, no Kenya Standard produced by Kenya Bureau of Standards 
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing f rom the 
Managing Director.   DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
ICS 67.200 
First  Edition  
 
© KEBS 2024 – All rights reserved  iv 
  Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil — Specification    
 
 
Kenya Bureau of Standards,  Popo Road, Off Mombasa Road,  
P.O. Box 54974 - 00200,  Nairobi, Kenya  
 +254 020 6948000, + 254 722202137, + 254 734600471  
 info@kebs.org  
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 kenya bureau of standards (kebs)  
  
DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
ICS 67.200 
First  Edition  
 
© KEBS 2024 – All rights reserved  v 
  Foreword  
This Kenya Standard was prepared by the Edible fats and oils  Technical Committee under the guidance of the 
Standards Projects Committee, and it is in accordance with the procedures of the Kenya Bureau of Standards  
This standard was developed to guide the industry in addressing issues of quality and safety of the edible canola  
(rapeseed) oil. The development of this standard also seeks to promote local production, consumption, and 
trade of edible canola (rapeseed)  oil to reduce the overreliance on importation. Additionally, the standard 
specifies requirements for both virgin and refined (non -virgin) canola  (rapeseed)  oils giving distinct quality and 
safety requirements for each.  
During the preparation of this standard, reference was made to the following document s 
              CXS 210: Standard for Named Vegetable Oils  
              World Food Programme – Technical Specifications for fortified refined canola oil Version 2  
Acknowledgement is hereby made for the assistance derived from these source  
 
I 
 
 
 
 DRAFT KENYA STANDARD  DKS  2997 :2024  
 
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  1 
 Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil — Specification  
1 Scope  
This draft Kenya standard specifies requirements, sampling,  and test methods for virgin and refined canola 
(rapeseed ) oil derived by extraction from seeds of Brassica napus L., Brassica campestris L., Brassica juncea 
L. and Brassica tournefortii Gouan species  intended for human consumption.  
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content 
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated 
references, the latest edition of the re ferenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
CXG 66, Guidelines for the Use of Flavourings  
CXS 192, General Standard for Food Additives  
KS EAS 38, Labelling of prepackaged foods  — Specification  
KS EAS 3 9, Hygiene in the food and drink manufacturing industry  — Code of Practice  
KS EAS 769 , Fortified edible fats and oils — Specification  
KS EAS 803, Nutrition Labelling — Requirements  
KS EAS 804,  Claims — General requirements  
KS EAS 805, Use of  nutrition and health claims — Requirement s 
KS ISO 660, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of acid value and acidity  
KS ISO 661, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Preparation of test sample  
KS ISO 662, Animal and Vegetable fats and oils — Determination of moisture and volatile matter content  
KS ISO 663, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of insoluble impurities content  
KS ISO 3657, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of saponification value  
KS ISO 396 0, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of peroxide  value  
KS ISO 396 1, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of iodine  value  
KS ISO 5555, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Sampling  
KS ISO 6320, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of refractive index  
KS ISO 6883, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of conventional mass per volume (litre weight 
in air)  
KS ISO 10539, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of alkalinity  
KS ISO 12193 , Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of lead by direct graphite furnace atomic 
absorption spectroscopy  DKS  2997 :2024  
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  2 
 KS ISO 13547 -2, Copper, lead, zinc and nickel sulphide concentrates — Determination of arsenic Part 2  Acid 
digestion and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method  
KS ISO 16050, Foodstuffs — Determination of aflatoxin  B1, and the total content of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and 
G2 in cereals, nuts and derived products — High-performance liquid chromatographic method  
ISO 21033, Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Determination of trace elements by inductively coupled 
plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP -OES)  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.   
3.1  
canola (rapeseed) oil  
oil produced from seeds of Brassica napus L., Brassica campestris L., Brassica juncea L. and Brassica 
tournefortii Gouan  species  
3.2 
canola (rapeseed) oil - Low erucic acid  
oil produced from  low erucic acid oil  bearing  seeds of  varieties  derived from Brassica  napus L., Brassica rapa 
L., and Brassica juncea L. species  
3.3 
virgin canola  (rapeseed ) oil  
edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil obtained without altering its nature that may be obtained by use of mechanical 
procedures such as expelling or pressing, with or without the application of heat and without the use of solvents. 
It may have been purified by washing with water, settling , filtering and centrifuging only.  
3.4 
refined (non -virgin) canola (rapeseed ) oil 
edible canola (rapeseed ) oil obtained by mechanical procedures and/or solvent extraction and subjected to 
refining processes.  
3.5   
foreign matter  
any undesirable material visible with naked eye in a packaged edible canola (rapesee d0 oil.  
3.6  
food grade packaging material  
packaging material, made of substances which are safe and suitable for the intended use and which will not 
impart any toxic substance or undesirable odour or flavour to the product . 
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil shall:  
a) be free from foreign matter  
b) be free from rancid or undesirable odour and/or taste.  DKS  2997 :2024  
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  3 
 c) have colour characteristic of canola ( rapeseed ) oil. 
4.2 Specific requirements  
Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil shall comply with the specific requirements given in Table 1, when tested in 
accordance with the methods specified therein.  
Table 1 — Specific compositional and quality requirements for edible canola (rapeseed)  oil 
S/N Characteristic  Requirement  Test method  
i) Moisture and Volatile matter at 105 °C, 
%, m/m, max.  0.2 
 KS ISO 662  
ii) Insoluble impurities, %, m/m, max.  0.05 
 KS ISO 663  
iii) Soap Content, %, m/m, max.  0.005  KS ISO 10539  
v) Acid value, (mg/KOH/g (max).  
Virgin  
Refined   
4.0 
0.6 KS ISO 660  
vi) Peroxide value, (mEq  oxygen/kg 
(max.))  
Virgin  
Refined   
15 
10  ISO 3960  
vii) Iron (Fe) mg/kg, max. \ 
Virgin  
Refined   
5.0 
1.5  ISO 21033  
 
viii) Copper, mg/kg, max.  
Virgin  
Refined   
0.4 
0.1 
ix) Iodine Value  Gi2 per 100g  
• Canola (rapeseed) oil  
 
• Low erucic acid canola 
(rapeseed) oil   
94-120 
105-126  ISO 3961  
x) Saponification value, mg KOH/g oil  
• Canola (rapeseed) oil  
  
168-181  ISO 3657  DKS  2997 :2024  
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  4 
 • Low erucic acid canola 
(rapeseed) oil  182-193 
xi) Refractive index, at 40ºC  
• Canola (rapeseed) oil  
 
• Low erucic acid canola 
(rapeseed) oil    
1.465 - 1.469  
1.465 - 1.467  
  ISO 6320  
xii) Relative density at 20 ºC  
• Canola (rapeseed) oil  
 
• Low erucic acid canola 
(rapeseed) oil   
0.910 -0.920  
0.914 -0.920  ISO 6883  
 
5 Fortification  
Edible refined canola  (rapeseed ) oil may be fortified in accordance with KS EAS 769  
6  Food additives  
6.1 Edible virgin canola (rapeseed ) oil shall not contain food additives.  
6.2 Food additives when used in edible refined canola  (rapeseed ) oil shall comply with CXS 192  
7  Flavouring agents  
7.1 Edible virgin canola (rapeseed ) oil shall not contain flavouring agents  
7.2 Flavouring agents when used in edible refined canola  (rapeseed ) oil shall comply with CXG 66.  
8 Contaminants  
8.1 Pesticide residues  
Edible canola (rapeseed ) oil shall comply with those maximum pesticide residue limits established by the Codex  
Alimentarius Commission for this commodity .  
8.2 Heavy metal contaminants  
Edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil shall comply with the maximum limits of heavy metals as specified in Table 2 when 
tested in accordance with the test methods therein.  
                            Table 2  Heavy metal contaminants limits in edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil 
S/N Contaminant (mg/kg)  Max. limit  Test method  
i) Lead (Pb)  0.08 KS ISO 12193  DKS  2997 :2024  
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  5 
 ii) Arsenic (As  0.1 KS ISO 13547 -2 
 
8.3 Aflatoxins  
Aflatoxin levels in edible canola (rapeseed) oil shall not exceed the limits given in Table 3 when tested in 
accordance with the test method specified therein.  
                                Table 3 — Aflatoxin limits for edible canola  (rapeseed ) oil 
S/No.  Characteristic  Maximum limit  
µg/kg  Test method  
i) Total aflatoxin  10 
KS ISO 16050  
ii) Aflatoxin B1  5 
 
9  Hygiene  
Edible canola (rapeseed ) oil shall be produced, processed, handled and stored in accordance with KS EAS 3 9. 
10  Packaging  
Edible canola (rapeseed ) oil shall be packaged in food grade packaging material and  sealed in manner that  will 
safeguard the hygienic, nutritional and organoleptic properties of the product . 
11  Labelling  
In addition to the labelling requirements specified in KS EAS 38, the following information shall be legibly and 
indelibly labelled;  
a) name of the product as Canola  oil or Rapeseed oil  or Canola /Rapeseed oil  - Low erucic acid  
b) type of the oil as :  
        i). Virgin  
        ii). Refined (Non -virgin)  
12  Nutrition and health claims  
Edible canola (rapeseed ) oil may have claims on nutrition and health. Such claims when declared shall comply 
with KS EAS 803, KS EAS 804, and KS EAS 805  
13 Sampling  
Sampling and sample preparation for test shall be done in accordance with KS 1SO 5555 and KS ISO 661 
respectively.  
 DKS  2997 :2024  
© KEBS 2024  – All rights reserved  6 
 Annex  A 
(informative ) 
 
Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) fatty acid composition  
When required the fatty acid profile should be determined by Gas Liquid Chromatography. Ranges of fatty acids 
are as given in Table A.1  
                                    Table A.1 — GLC fatty acid composition for edible canola (rapeseed ) oil 
Carbon configuration  Composition, %  
Canola (rapeseed) oil  Canola (rapeseed) oil – 
Low erucic acid  
C14 ˂ 0.2 <1.0 
C16:0  1.5 – 6.0 2.5 – 7.0  
C16:1  <3.0 <0.6 
C17:0  ˂ 0.1 <0.3 
C17:1  ˂ 0.1.  <0.3 
C18:0  0.5 – 3.1 0.8 – 3.0  
C18:1  8.0 – 60.0 51.0 – 70.0  
C18:2  11.0– 23.0 15.0 – 30.0  
C18:3  5.0 – 13.0 5.0 – 14.0  
C20:0  <3.0 0.2 – 1.2 
C20:1  1.0 – 15.0  0.1 – 4.3  
C22:0  ˂ 0.2 <0.6 
C24:0  ˂ 2.0 <0.3 
 
 DKS 2997 :2024    
 
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