AFDC 9  (1686 ) DTZS   
 
 
  
 
             
                         
DRAFT  TANZANIA STANDARD  
 
Calcium Phosphate  – animal  feed grade  – Specification  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS  
                                                  
 
 
  
 0 Foreword  
 
Calcium phosph ate- animal  feed grade is an important source of Calcium and Phosphorus for 
use in concentrat es, compound ed feeds and other animal feeds for domesticated animal s 
such as cattle,  goats, sheep, pigs and poultry .  
 
Calcium and phosphorus ha ve significant role s in animal physiological functions. Feed grade 
Calcium  phosphate  is an  important additive  in animal feeds.  Calcium phosphate is  widely 
used in feeds because of its high bioavailability of nutrients . 
 
This Tanzania standard would help in exercising proper quality and safety control for animal 
feed grade  Calcium phosphate , produced or traded in the country for feeding domesticated 
animals.  
 
In preparation of this draft Tanzania standard considerable assistance ha s been derived from 
IS 5470: 2002, Dicalcium p hosphate, anim al feed grade – specification.  
 
In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final 
value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with TZS 4 
(see clause 2).  
 
1.0   Scope  
 
This Tanzania standard specifies  requirements , methods  of sampling and test for 
monocalcium phosphate (MCP), monodicalcium phosphate (MDCP) , dicalcium phosphate  
(DCP)  and tricalcium phosphate (TCP ) as mineral supplement s in animal feed s. 
  
2.0   References  
 
For the purpose of this draft  Tanzania Standard, the following references shall 
apply. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest 
edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) a pplies.  
 
TZS 4 – Rounding off  numerical values . 
TZS 34 -3 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Part 3 – Microbiological test methods.  
TZS 34 -2 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Sampling and test methods – Part 2: Minerals 
and trace elements.   
TZS 34 -1 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Part 1 Sampling and general methods .  
TZS 76 – General method for determination of Arsenic silver diethyldithiocarmate photometric 
method.  
TZS 109 – Food Processing units – code of hygiene – General.  
TZS 268 – General atomic  absorption spectrophotometric method for determination of lead in 
food stuffs  
TZS 538:1999 – Packaging and labeling of foods  
TZS 821  – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Preparation of test samples.  
ISO 5985 – Animal feeding stuffs – Determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid . 
AOAC 2006.03 – Arsenic, Cadmium,Cobalt,Chromium,Lead,Molybdenum,Nickel,and 
selenium in fertilizers  
 
 
3.0   Terms and definitions  
 
For the purpose of this draft standard, the following terms and definition s shall apply:  
 
  
 3.1 monocalcium phosphate  (MCP)  
an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of Ca(H 2PO 4)2. It is commonly found as the 
monohydrate with the formula  of Ca(H 2PO 4)2. H2O 
 
3.2 monodicalcium phosphate  (MDCP)  
a calcium phosphate which is an intermediate between  MCP and DCP  and obtained by 
reacting pure mineral sources of calcium with  purified phospho ric acid or dicalcium phosphate 
with purified phosphoric acid with chemical formula of Ca(H2PO 4)2. H2O+CaHPO 4.2H 2O 
 
3.3 dicalcium phosphate  (DCP)  
a dibasic calcium p hosphate usually found as the dihydrate, with the chemical formula of 
CaHPO 4• 2H 2O, but it can be thermally converted to the anhydrous form  
 
3.4 tricalcium phosphate  (TCP)  
a calcium  salt of phosphoric acid with the chemical formula of Ca3(PO 4)2. It is also  known as 
tribasic calcium phosphate  and bone phosphate  of lime (BPL)  
 
3.5 feed/feedstuff /feeding stuff  
single or multiple materials, whether processed, semi -processed or raw, and whether or not 
containing additives, for oral animal feeding  
 
3.6 feed addi tive 
substance intentionally added to feed and/or water, not consumed as feed by itself, whether 
or not it has a nutritional value, that affects the characteristics of feed including organoleptic 
properties, animal products, animal production or performanc e or welfare, or the environment  
 
Note 1 to entry: Microorganisms, enzymes, acidity regulators, trace elements, vitamins and 
other products fall within the scope of this definition, depending on the purpose of use and the 
method of administration.  
 
Note 2 to entry: Coccidiostats  and histomonostats are a category of feed additives.  
 
Note 3 to entry: Feed additive does not include feed materials  and premixtures . 
 
3.7 supplement  
feed ingredient  used with another to improve the nutrient balance or performance o f the 
animal and that can be fed undiluted, diluted and mixed to produce a complete feed  or as free 
choice  with other parts of the ration  
 
3.8 concentrates  
feed that contains high amounts of a nutrient or nutrients (usually rich in energy and/or 
protein but low in fibre) and mixed with other ingredients [usually micro -ingredients]  intended 
to be diluted or mixed to produce a complementary feed  or a complete feed  
 
Note:  Concentrate may be unsafe if fed free choice  or alone.  
 
3.9 complete feed  
nutritionally  adequate feed compounded by a specific formula that is used as the sole ration 
and that is capable of maintaining life and/or promoting production without any additional 
substance except water  
 
Note 1 to entry: Complete feed is a form of compound feed  
 
 
  
 3.10 compound ed feeds  
 
mixture of at least two feed materials , whether or not containing feed additives , for oral animal 
feeding in the form of a complementary feed  or a complete feed  
 
 
4.0   Requirements  
 
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1  Calcium phosphate  shall be  tasteless, odorless , grey/ white and free flowing powder  or 
granular . Practically, t he product shall be  insoluble in alcohol and soluble in diluted acids  
(Hydrochloric acid and Nitric acid) .  
 
4.1.2  The particle size of the material  shall be  such that, when sieved, not more than 10 
percent of the material  retained on 200-micron  sieve.  
 
4.2 Specific requirements  
Calcium phosphate shall  conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.  
Table 1: Physic o-chemical requirements  
S/No  Characteristic  Requ irements  Test Method 
(see clause 
2) MCP  MDCP  DCP  TCP 
i) Moisture, percent by mass, 
max.  5 5 5 5 TZS 34 -1 
ii) Calcium (Ca), percent by 
mass, min.  15  18 23  32  TZS 34 -2 
iii) Phosphorus (P), percent by 
mass, min.  23  21 18  16  TZS 34 -2 
iv) Fluorine  (F), percent by 
mass, max.  0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ANNEX A  
v) Acid insoluble ash, percent 
by mass, max  1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ISO 5985  
vi) Total ash, percent by mass  73.5-
78.0 73.5-
78.0 73.5-
78.0 73.5-
78.0 TZS 34 -1 
vii) Presence of 
proteins/organic impurities  Absent  Absent  Absent  Absent  TZS 34 -1 
 
 
5.0 Contaminants  
The products covered by this Standard shall comply with the maximum limits for heavy 
metals specified in Table 2 . 
 
Table 2:  Heavy metal contaminant s 
S/No. Heavy metal  Limits  Method of test  
(see clause 2)  
i) Mercury (Hg), mg/kg , max  0.1 AOAC 2006.0 3 
ii) Lead (Pb), m g/kg, max  15 TZS 268  
iii) Arsenic (As), mg/kg, max  10 TZS 76  
iv) Cadmium (Cd), mg/kg, max  10  AOAC 2006.03   
  
6.0 Hygiene  
 
6.1 The product shall be prepared under strict hygienic conditions ac cording to TZS 109 (see 
clause 2) . 
 
6.2 The product on testing shall not contain the listed micro organisms  in Table 3.  
 
Table 3: Microbiological limits  
S/No.  Microorganisms  Limit  Methods of test (see clause 2)  
i) Bacillus anthracis  Absent  TZS 34 -3 
ii) Clostridium sp p. Absent  TZS 34 -3 
 
7.0 Sampling and tests  
 
7.1 Sampling  
Sampling of the product covered under this standard shall be done according to TZS 34 -1 
(see clause 2).  
 
7.2 Tests  
Testing of this product shall be done according to test methods prescribed in Table 1, 2 and 3 
(see clause 2).   
 
8.0 Packaging, marking and labelling  
 
8.1 Packaging  
The mater ial shall be packed in moisture –proof bags, cartons, boxes or drums. All containers 
shall be sound, clean and free from causal agents of infectious diseases  and parasites.   
 
8.2 Marking  and labelling  
In addition to marking and labelling requirements prescribed in TZS 538, Calcium phosphate 
for each container  shall be marked to display the following information:  
 
a) Name of the product – “Monocalcium phosphate” , “Monodicalcium phosphate ”, 
“Dicalcium phosphate ” or “Tricalcium phosphate ”; 
b) Name and address of the manufacturer;  
c) Country of origin  
d) Batch or code number;  
e) Date of production;  
f) Net weight  in metric units ; 
g) Expiry date ; 
h) Storage conditions ; 
i) Content  of Calciu m and Phosphorus ; 
 
8.3 The container may also be marked with TBS Certification Mark.  
NOTE  – The TBS Standards Mark of Quality may be used by the manufacturers 
only under licence from TBS. Particulars of conditions under which the licences 
are granted may b e obtained from TBS.  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
ANNEX A – DETERMINATION OF FLUORINE  
 
A.1 APPARATUS  
 
A.1.1 Distillation flasks  
A.1.2 Nessler tubes – of 50 ml capacity  
A.1.3 Microburrete  
 
A.2 REAGENTS  
 
A.2.1 Limewater  freed from fluourine – Dissolve lime in an excess of perchlo ric acid. Boil 
for 15 minutes. Dilute, cool and neutralize with fluorine -free sodium hydroxide. Filter through 
a Buchner funnel and wash. Make a saturated solution in distilled water using the lime thus 
freed from fluorine.  
 
A.2.2 Perchloric acid solution  – 60 % to 70 % (m/v). Heat some quantity for an hour or 
longer at 140 oC to 150 oC. 
 
A.2.3 Silver perchlorate solution  – 1 % (m/v). Prepare by adding sufficient sodium 
hydroxide solution to a solution of silver nitrate to cause precipitation. Filter and wa sh the 
precipitate with water. Dissolve the precipitate in per chloric acid and dilute.  
 
A.2.4 Sodium hydroxide solution – 0.05 M  
 
A.2.5 Alizarin indicator solution – Dissolve 0.02g of sodium alizarin sulphonate in water 
and make up the volume to 100 ml.  
 
A.2.6 Dilute hydrochloric acid – 0.05 M  
 
A.2.7 Buffer solution – Dissolve 0.10 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in water and make 
up the volume to 100 ml.  
 
A.2.8 Thorium nitrate solution  
Dissolve 0.5 g of hydrated thorium nitrate (Th (NO 3)4. 12H 20) in di stilled water and make up 
the volume to one litre.  
 
A.2.9 Standard fluorine solution  – Dissolve 2.211 g of sodium fluoride in water and make 
up the volume to one litre in a graduated flask. Pipette out 10 ml of this solution into a one 
litre graduated flas k and make up the volume. This solution contains 0.01 mg of fluorine per 
millilitre.  
 
A.3 PROCEDURE  
 
A.3.1  Weigh accurately about 5 g of the material in a platinum dish. Moisten with lime water. 
Dry on a water bath and ignite in a maffle furnace at about 5 50 oC. When the ashing is 
complete, cool and transfer to a distillation flask, washing it with water.  
 
Dissolve the residual ash in 10 to 15 ml of per chloric acid solution and transfer to the same 
distillation flask. Add sufficient silver perchlorate solu tion to bring about complete 
precipitation. Steam -distil at 132 oC + 3 oC into another flask containing 2 ml of the sodium 
hydroxide solution. Collect about 150 ml of the distillate. Transfer the distillate to a 200 -ml 
graduated flask and make up the volum e to the mark with water.  
  
 A.3.2  Transfer a suitable aliquot of the test solution containing 10 mg to 30 mg of fluorine to a 
Nessler tube. Add one milliliter of alizarin indicator solution. Take the same quantity of the 
indicator solution in another Nessle r tube. If necessary, the alkali in the test solution is 
neutralized with a drop or two of dilute hydrochloric acid. To each tube add one millilitre of the 
buffer solution, 2.0 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute to about 45 ml. The colour of the 
solutions should be straw yellow . Add the thorium nitrate solution from a macroburette to the 
test solution until a permanent slight pink colour appears (0.5 to 2.0 ml of the thorium nitrate 
solution would be required).  
 
Add an equal volume of the thorium nit rate solution to the other Nessler tube. Adjust the 
colour of the solution in this Nessler tube by adding the standard fluorine solution from a 
microburette to the same intensity as the colour of the test solution. When the colours in both 
the tubes match,  the amount of fluorine in the standard fluorine solution added is equal to the 
amount of fluorine present in the aliquot of the test solution. From this, calculate the amount 
of fluorine present in 100 g of the material on moisture -free basis.