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ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT
[Enforcement Date 11. Jun, 2020.] [Act No.16778, 10. Dec, 2019., Partial 
Amendment]
행정안전부 (공공서비스혁신과 ) 044-205-2412
     
 법제처  국가법령정보센터
www.law.go.kr
2021. 2. 8.ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT
[Enforcement Date 11. Jun, 2020.] [Act No.16778, 10. Dec, 2019., Partial Amendment]
        CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS  
          SECTION 1 Purpose, Definitions, and Scope of Application  
Article 1 (Purpose)  The purpose of this Act is to ensure fairness, transparency, and credibility in 
administrative operations and to protect the rights and interests of citizens, by providing for 
common matters regarding administrative procedures and thereby allowing citizens’ better access 
to administrative procedure.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012] 
Article 2 (Definitions)  The definitions of terms used in this Act shall be as follows: 
    1. The term "administrative agency" means any of the following persons:
      (a) An agency of the State or a local government that makes and expresses administrative 
decisions;
      (b) Any other public organization or its agency or private individual with administrative authority 
vested, delegated, or entrusted under Acts and subordinate statutes or municipal 
ordinances and rules (hereinafter referred to as "Acts and subordinate statutes, etc.");
    2. The term "disposition" means the exercise of public authority, the denial of such authority or 
any other corresponding administrative action in the application of laws and regulations to a 
particular fact by an administrative agency;
    3. The term "administrative guidance" means an administrative action, such as guidance, 
recommendation, advice by an administrative agency to encourage or discourage a particular 
person regarding performance of certain acts, within the scope of duties or affairs under its 
jurisdiction in order to realize specific administrative aims;
    4. The term "concerned party, etc." means any of the following persons:
      (a) Direct counter-party to a disposition taken by an administrative agency;
      (b) Interested party requested to participate in an administrative procedure by an administrative 
agency ex officio or upon application;
    5. The term "hearing" means the procedure under which an administrative agency directly hears 
the opinions of concerned parties, etc. and investigates evidence before issuing a disposition;
    6. The term "public hearing" means the procedure under which an administrative agency 
extensively collects opinions regarding administrative functions through open discussions from 
concerned parties, etc., persons with expert knowledge and experience, and the general public; 
    7. The term "submission of opinions" means the procedure under which concerned parties, etc. 
present their opinions before an administrative agency takes any administrative action, which 
does not fall under a hearing or public hearing;
    8. The term "electronic document" means information generated, sent, received or stored in 
electronic form through information processing systems, including computers; 
    9. The term "information and communications network" means an information and communications 
system to gather, process, store, search, send or receive information by utilizing 
telecommunications facilities and equipment, or utilizing telecommunications facilities and 
equipment as well as computers and computer-based technology.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 3 (Scope of Application)  (1) The procedures for dispositions, reports, administrative 
pre-announcement of legislation, pre-announcement of dispositions, and administrative guidance 
(hereinafter referred to as "administrative procedures") shall be governed by this Act, except as 
specifically provided in other Acts.ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터  (2) This Act shall not apply to any of the following matters: 
    1. Matters implemented by resolution or with the assent or approval of the National Assembly or 
a local council;
    2. Matters implemented based on judgments of courts or military courts or in execution thereof;
    3. Matters implemented through decisions by the Constitutional Court;
    4. Matters implemented through resolution by various levels of Election Commissions;
    5. Matters implemented by the Board of Audit and Inspection following rulings of the Council of 
Commissioners;
    6. Matters implemented in accordance with the Acts and subordinate statutes on criminal and 
prison administration and security measures;
    7. Matters concerning national security, national defense, diplomacy, or reunification, which might 
severely harm important national interests if they go through administrative procedures;
    8. Matters relating to the procedures for requests for review, maritime safety inquiries, tax trials, 
patent trials, administrative appeals, and other appeals; 
    9. Matters prescribed by Presidential Decree as being impossible or deemed unnecessary to 
complete administrative procedures due to the nature of the relevant administrative actions or 
as having completed any procedures comparable to administrative procedures, such as 
conscription and call-ups under the Military Service Act, entry and exit of foreigners, 
recognition of refugee status, naturalization, disciplinary actions and other dispositions under 
the Acts and subordinate statutes related to public official service, and mediation, conciliation, 
arbitration, rulings, and other dispositions under the Acts and subordinate statutes aimed at 
coordinating conflicts of interest.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 4 (Acting in Good Faith and Protection of Trust)  (1) Every administrative agency shall 
act in good faith and with sincerity in the performance of its duties.
  (2) Where the interpretation of Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. by administrative agencies or 
any of their customary practices is generally accepted by citizens, the administrative agencies 
shall not retroactively apply any new interpretation or customary practice unfavorable to citizens, 
unless the existing interpretation or customary practice is feared to remarkably prejudice the 
public good or legitimate interests of any third party.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 5 (Transparency)  (1) The content of administrative functions performed by administrative 
agencies shall be concrete and clear.
  (2) If the content of Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. constituting the basis of the administrative 
functions are not clear, the parties subject to such administrative functions may request the 
relevant administrative agencies to interpret them, and the relevant administrative agencies shall 
comply with such request, unless there is a compelling reason not to do so.
  (3) Administrative Agencies shall fully provide information related to administrative functions to 
the parties subject to administrative functions.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019]
        SECTION 2 Jurisdiction of and Cooperation among Administrative Agencies  
Article 6 (Jurisdiction)  (1) If an administrative agency receives any case that is beyond its 
jurisdiction directly or by transfer from another agency, it shall without delay transfer such case 
to the competent administrative agency and give notice thereof to the applicant. The same shall 
also apply where the jurisdiction over such case is changed after the case is received by or 
transferred to the administrative agency.
  (2) If jurisdiction of administrative agencies is not clear, their jurisdiction shall be decided by a 
superior administrative agency generally supervising both of the administrative agencies, and, in ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터the absence of such general superior administrative agency, through consultations between 
respective superior administrative agencies having the authority over each of those administrative 
agencies.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 7 (Cooperation between Administrative Agencies)  Administrative agencies shall 
cooperate with each other to ensure harmonious execution of administrative functions.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 8 (Administrative Assistance)  (1) In any of the following cases, an administrative agency 
may request another administrative agency to provide administrative assistance: 
    1. Where the execution of its duties on its own is difficult because of Acts and subordinate 
statutes, etc.;
    2. Where the execution of its duties on its own is difficult because of practical causes such as 
shortage of personnel and equipment;
    3. Where cooperation of a specialized organization affiliated with such other administrative agency 
is necessary;
    4. Where documents (including electronic documents; hereinafter the same shall apply), statistics, 
and other administrative data managed by such other administrative agency are necessary for 
the execution of its duties; 
    5. Where the execution of its duties with the assistance of such other administrative agency is 
deemed more efficient and economical.
  (2) Any administrative agency requested to provide administrative assistance under paragraph (1) 
may deny the request in any of the following cases:
    1. Where there is any good reason to believe that it is more efficient or economical to provide 
such assistance by another administrative agency other than the requested administrative 
agency;
    2. Where there is any good reason to believe that such administrative assistance may significantly 
impede the execution of its proper duties. 
  (3) Any request for administrative assistance shall be filed with an administrative agency with 
capabilities to directly assist the relevant duties.
  (4) Where an administrative agency requested to provide administrative assistance denies such 
request, it shall notify the administrative agency that has filed such request of the reasons 
therefor.
  (5) Staff dispatched for the purpose of administrative assistance shall be under the direction and 
supervision of the administrative agency that has requested such assistance: Provided, That 
matters pertaining to the duties of such staff shall be governed by the special provisions of other 
Acts and subordinate statutes, etc., if such provisions exist therein.
  (6) Expenses incurred in administrative assistance shall be borne by the administrative agency 
requesting such assistance and the amount and payment method of the expenses shall be 
determined through consultations between the administrative agency requesting the assistance and 
the administrative agency providing the assistance.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        SECTION 3 Concerned Parties, etc. 
Article 9 (Requirements for Concerned Parties, etc.)  Any of the following persons may become 
a concerned party, etc. in an administrative procedure:
    1. A natural person;
    2. A legal person, or an association or foundation that is not a legal person (hereinafter referred 
to as "legal person, etc."); 
    3. A person who has the capacity to be a subject of rights and obligations pursuant to other Acts ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터and subordinate statutes, etc.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 10 (Succession to Status)  (1) Any successor due to the death of a concerned party, etc. 
or any person succeeding to the rights or interests of a concerned party, etc. pursuant to other 
Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. shall succeed to the status of such a concerned party, etc.
  (2) Where a legal person, etc. that is a concerned party, etc. is merged, a legal person, etc. 
surviving or newly established after the merger shall succeed to the status of such a concerned 
party, etc.
  (3) A person who has succeeded to the status of a concerned party, etc. under paragraphs (1) 
and (2) shall notify the competent administrative agency of such fact.
  (4) A de facto transferee of the rights or interests under a disposition may succeed to the status 
of the concerned party, etc. with the approval of the competent administrative agency.
  (5) Any notification by an administrative agency to the deceased or the predecessor legal person, 
etc. of the merger given before notification under paragraph (3) shall also have effect on a 
person succeeding to the status of a concerned party, etc. under paragraph (1) or (2).
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 11 (Representatives)  (1) Where two or more concerned parties, etc. are jointly performing 
acts relating to administrative procedures, the parties, etc. may appoint their representatives. 
  (2) Where concerned parties, etc. have no representative under paragraph (1) or there is a risk 
of delay in administrative procedures because they have too many representatives, the competent 
administrative agency may request the concerned parties, etc. to appoint a maximum of three 
representatives, explaining the situation, within a considerable period of time. In such cases, if the 
concerned parties, etc. fail to comply with such a request, the administrative agency may, at its 
discretion, appoint representatives to act for and on their behalf.
  (3) Concerned parties, etc. may replace their representatives or remove them from their office.
  (4) Representatives may perform all acts relating to administrative procedures for and on behalf of 
the concerned parties, etc. who have appointed them as representatives: Provided, That they shall 
obtain the consent of the concerned parties, etc. for concluding the administrative procedures.
  (5) Where concerned parties, etc. have their representatives, they may perform acts relating to 
administrative procedures only by and through the representatives. 
  (6) Where there are two or more representatives, the acts of administrative agencies towards one 
of the representatives shall be effective on all the concerned parties, etc.: Provided, That 
notification of an administrative agency shall be effective only if given to all of the 
representatives.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 12 (Agents)  (1) Each concerned party, etc. may designate as his/her agent any of the 
following persons:
    1. The spouse, a lineal ascendant or descendant, or sibling of the concerned party, etc.;
    2. An executive or employee of the concerned party, etc. where it is a legal person, etc.;
    3. An attorney-at-law;
    4. A person who has obtained permission from an administrative agency or, in the case of a 
hearing, from the presiding official thereof; 
    5. A person eligible to serve as an agent for matters pertaining to the relevant case under Acts 
and subordinate statutes, etc.
  (2) Article 11 (3), (4) and (6) shall apply mutatis mutandis to agents.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 13 (Notification of Representatives and Agents)  (1) Where relevant parties, etc. have 
appointed or designated any of their representatives or agents, they shall notify, without delay, 
the competent administrative agency thereof. The same shall also apply where they have replaced ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터any of their representatives or agents or removed any of them from office. 
  (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if the presiding officer of a hearing has permitted the 
designation of an agent pursuant to Article 12 (1) 4, he/she shall notify the competent 
administrative agency thereof. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        SECTION 4 Service and Special Cases for Period and Time Limit  
Article 14 (Service)  (1) Service shall be made by means of mail, delivery, information and 
communications networks, etc. and to the domicile, residence, place of business, office, or 
electronic mail address (hereinafter referred to as "domicile, etc.") of a person entitled to receive 
service (including his/her representative or agent; hereinafter the same shall apply): Provided, 
That service may be made at a place of meeting with the recipient of the service, if he/she 
consents thereto. 
  (2) Service by delivery shall be completed by delivering the document in exchange of a written 
receipt of acceptance from the recipient of the service and, if the person to receive service is not 
present where the service is to be made, may be made by delivering the document to his/her 
office worker, employee, or cohabitant with the mental capability to make a reasonable judgment 
(hereafter referred to as “office worker, etc.” in this Article): Provided, That when the person 
to be served with the document or his/her office worker, etc. refuses to receive service without 
justifiable grounds, the document may be left where service is to be made after making a 
statement to such effect on the written receipt of acceptance. <Amended by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 
2014>
  (3) Service by means of information and communications networks shall be made only where the 
person to receive service gives consent thereto. In such cases, the person to receive service 
shall designate the electronic mail address, etc. to which service is to be made. 
  (4) In any of the following cases, public notice shall be given in at least one of the Official 
Gazette, official bulletins, bulletin boards, and daily newspapers as well as on the Internet website, 
so that the person to receive service may readily be informed: 
    1. Where the domicile, etc. of the person to receive service is unascertainable by ordinary 
methods; 
    2. Where service is impossible.
  (5) Administrative agencies shall preserve records indicating the names of documents to be 
served, the full names or titles of service recipients, the methods of service, and the dates on 
which service was made.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 15 (Effectuation of Service)  (1) Service shall take effect upon arrival of the relevant 
document to the person to receive the service, except as otherwise specifically provided in other 
Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. 
  (2) The service of an electronic document by means of information and communications networks 
pursuant to Article 14 (3) shall be deemed to reach the person to be served when the electronic 
document is entered into a computer, etc. designated by the person to receive the service. 
  (3) In cases falling under Article 14 (4), except as otherwise specifically provided in other Acts 
and subordinate statutes, etc., service shall take effect on the date 14 days after the date of the 
public notice: Provided, That this shall not be applicable where a different effective date thereof 
is determined and publicly notified due to special circumstances mandating its immediate 
enforcement. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 16 (Special Cases for Period and Time Limit)  (1) Where it is impossible to abide by a 
period or time limit due to a natural disaster or any other cause beyond the control of concerned ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터parties, etc., the progression of the period shall be suspended until the day of cessation of such 
cause.
  (2) The periods and time limits applicable for persons residing or sojourning in foreign countries 
shall be determined by administrative agencies taking into consideration the number of days that 
the postal service or correspondence would take.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        CHAPTER II DISPOSITIONS  
          SECTION 1 Common Provisions  
Article 17 (Applications for Dispositions)  (1) Any application for disposition to an administrative 
agency shall be made in writing: Provided, That this shall not apply where otherwise specifically 
provided in other Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. and where the administrative agency has in 
advance determined and publicly announced any other method.
  (2) Where an application for disposition under paragraph (1) is made in the form of electronic 
document, the application shall be deemed to have been filed when the electronic document is 
entered into computers, etc. of the competent administrative agency. 
  (3) Each administrative agency shall post a notice (including any notice on the Internet, etc.) of 
the required documents, the receiving agency, the processing period, and other matters necessary 
for filing an application, or furnish the relevant manual to make it available to the general public. 
  (4) Where an administrative agency receives an application, it shall not reserve or refuse the 
acceptance thereof or unjustly return such application, except as otherwise specifically provided in 
other Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. and shall issue a receipt thereof to the applicant where 
it accepts the application: Provided, That the administrative agency may omit the issuance of such 
receipt in cases prescribed by Presidential Decree. 
  (5) Where an administrative agency finds a defect in any application, such as incomplete 
documentation, the administrative agency shall promptly request the applicant to make necessary 
supplements, specifying a reasonable period of time therefor.
  (6) Where an applicant fails to make necessary supplements within the period provided under 
paragraph (5), the administrative agency may return the received application, specifying the 
reasons therefor. 
  (7) For the convenience of applicants, an administrative agency may have other administrative 
agencies receive applications on its behalf. In such cases, the administrative agency shall 
determine and publicly announce in advance the type of applications such other administrative 
agencies may receive.
  (8) An applicant may supplement, modify, or withdraw his/her application before a disposition is 
rendered with respect to the application: Provided, That this shall not apply where otherwise 
specifically provided in other Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. or where the nature of the 
application does not allow for the supplement, modification, or withdrawal thereof.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 18 (Dispositions Involving More Than One Administrative Agency)  Where an 
administrative agency receives an application seeking a disposition involving two or more 
administrative agencies, it shall promptly cooperate with the relevant administrative agencies to 
ensure that the disposition is not unduly delayed. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012] 
Article 19 (Establishment and Public Availability of Processing Periods)  (1) For the 
convenience of applicants, administrative agencies shall determine in advance standard periods of 
time needed to process by type of dispositions and shall make them available to the public.
  (2) Where it is difficult to process an application within the processing period provided under ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터paragraph (1) due to any unavoidable cause, the administrative agency may extend the period 
only once and within the span of the processing period for the disposition.
  (3) Where an administrative agency extends the processing period provided under paragraph (2), 
it shall notify without delay the applicant of the grounds for such extension and the expected date 
for completion of the processing.
  (4) Where an administrative agency fails to process an application within a due processing period, 
the applicant may request the relevant administrative agency or its supervisory administrative 
agency to promptly process his/her application. 
  (5) The period not to be included in the processing period provided under paragraph (1) shall be 
determined by Presidential Decree.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 20 (Establishment and Public Availability of Disposition Standards)  (1) Each 
administrative agency shall determine and make available to the public necessary disposition 
standards as concretely as possible in view of the nature of the relevant dispositions. The same 
shall also apply to any modification of the disposition standards.
  (2) The public availability of disposition standards under paragraph (1) may be omitted when such 
is impractical in light of the nature of the relevant dispositions or when it is reasonably deemed 
that the public availability might significantly undermine the safety and welfare of the general 
public.
  (3) Where the disposition standards publicly available are unclear, concerned parties, etc. may 
request the relevant administrative agency to give interpretation or explanation thereof. In such 
cases, the administrative agency shall comply with such request unless there are special 
circumstances.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 21 (Prior Notice of Disposition)  (1) Where an administrative agency renders a disposition 
that imposes duties on relevant parties or restricts their rights or interests, it shall give such 
parties, etc. prior notice of the following:
    1. Title of the disposition;
    2. Full names or agency names of the relevant parties and their addresses; 
    3. The factual grounds for the disposition, and the content of, and legal basis for, the disposition; 
    4. Advice that the relevant parties, etc. may present their opinions on the matters specified in 
subparagraph 3, and the processing method when no opinions are presented;
    5. The name and address of the agency to which opinions may be presented;
    6. Deadline for presenting opinions; 
    7. Other necessary matters.
  (2) Where an administrative agency seeks to proceed with a hearing, it shall give the relevant 
parties, etc. notice of the matters listed under paragraph (1) at least ten days before the 
commencement of the hearing. In such cases, the matters specified in paragraph (1) 4 through 6 
shall be substituted by those required for the hearing, such as the affiliations, official positions, 
and full names of presiding officers, the time and venue of the hearing, and way of handling 
where the relevant parties, etc. do not attend the hearing.
  (3) The deadline mentioned in paragraph (1) 6 shall be determined, considering mote than 10 
days as an adequate period necessary to present opinions. <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 
2019>
  (4) Notice under paragraph (1) may be omitted in any of the following cases:
    1. Where an urgent disposition is necessary for the safety and welfare of the general public; 
    2. Where the non-existence or loss of qualifications required under statutes, etc., which must be 
followed by a certain disposition, is objectively verified by a court judgment, etc.; 
    3. Where reasonable grounds exist to acknowledge that hearing of opinion is highly impractical or 
clearly unnecessary in light of the nature of the relevant disposition.ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터  (5) Detailed conditions under which prior notice may be omitted under paragraph (4), such as a 
case where the factual grounds for a disposition are objectively verified by the judgment of a 
court, shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>
  (6) Where prior notice is omitted under paragraph (4), an administrative agency shall inform the 
relevant parties, etc. of the grounds for such omission: Provided, That if an urgent disposition is 
necessary, the grounds for omission may be informed after the disposition is rendered. <Newly 
Inserted by Act No. 12923, Dec. 30, 2014>
  (7) Where a notice is given to the relevant parties, etc. pursuant to paragraph (6), Article 24 
shall apply mutatis mutandis. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12923, Dec. 30, 2014>
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 22 (Seeking Opinions)  (1) In rendering disposition, an administrative agency shall hold a 
hearing in any of the following cases: <Amended by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>
    1. Where a hearing is required by other Acts or subordinate statutes, etc.; 
    2. Where deemed necessary by an administrative agency;
    3. Where an application is filed by a relevant party, etc. by the deadline for presenting opinions 
under Article 21 (1) 6 in rendering any of the following disposition:
      (a) Revocation of authorization, permission, etc.;
      (b) Relinquishment or disqualification from status;
      (c) Revocation of permission to incorporate a legal entity, partnership, etc.
  (2) In rendering disposition, an administrative agency shall hold a public hearing in any of the 
following cases: <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
    1. Where a public hearing is required by other Acts or subordinate statutes, etc.; 
    2. Where deemed necessary by an administrative agency to gather wide ranging opinions 
considering the potentially extensive influence of the relevant disposition;
    3. Where, with respect to any disposition prescribed by Presidential Decree which has much effect 
on the life of the people, the parties to such disposition, etc. whose number is not less than 
that prescribed by Presidential Decree request the holding of hearings.
  (3) Where an administrative agency renders disposition that imposes duties on relevant parties or 
restricts their rights or interests, it shall give the relevant parties, etc. an opportunity to present 
their opinions, except in cases of paragraph (1) or (2).
  (4) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) through (3), seeking opinions may be omitted in cases falling 
under any of the subparagraphs of Article 21 (4) or if the relevant parties have clearly indicated 
their intent to renounce their right to state their opinions.
  (5) When a hearing, public hearing, or presenting opinions is complete, administrative agencies 
shall promptly render disposition to ensure that the relevant disposition is not unduly delayed.
  (6) Upon request by relevant parties, etc. within one year after rendering disposition, 
administrative agencies shall return documents and other materials received for the hearing, public 
hearing, or presenting opinions.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 23 (Declaration of Reasons for Dispositions)  (1) In rendering dispositions, 
administrative agencies shall explain the basis and reasons for such dispositions to the parties 
except in cases falling under any of the following:
    1. Where a disposition fully accepts the contents of the application;
    2. Where a disposition is simple and repetitious or minor and so the party can clearly understand 
the reasons it is rendered; 
    3. Where a disposition is rendered to meet an urgent need.
  (2) In cases of paragraph (1) 2 and 3, administrative agencies shall, ex post facto, explain the 
basis and reasons for dispositions to the parties upon their request.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터Article 24 (Methods of Dispositions)  (1) In rendering dispositions, administrative agencies shall 
do so in writing except as otherwise specifically provided in other Acts and subordinate statutes, 
etc., and, where such rendering is made in the form of electronic document, they shall obtain the 
consent of the concerned parties, etc.: Provided, That in cases necessitating prompt actions or in 
cases of minor matters, such dispositions may be rendered by way of oral statement or other 
methods. In such cases, administrative agencies shall deliver, without delay, a written notice of 
disposition to the concerned parties upon their request. 
  (2) Any written notice of disposition shall state the name of the administrative agency rendering 
the disposition and the affiliation, full name, and point of contact (referring to the telephone 
number, fax number, electronic mail address, etc.) of the person in charge. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 25 (Correction of Dispositions)  Where any clerical error, miscalculation, or other 
conspicuous errors similar thereto are found in dispositions, the administrative agencies shall 
promptly correct them ex officio or upon application and notify the concerned parties thereof.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 26 (Notice)  In rendering dispositions, administrative agencies shall notify the concerned 
parties of whether any administrative appeal, administrative litigation, or other remedial request 
may be filed, and if so the filing procedure and deadline and other necessary matters. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        SECTION 2 Presentation of Opinions and Hearings  
Article 27 (Presentation of Opinions)  (1) Concerned parties, etc. may present their opinions 
regarding dispositions to the competent administrative agencies in writing, orally, or by means of 
information and communications networks, before such dispositions are rendered. 
  (2) When presenting opinions under paragraph (1), concerned parties, etc. may concurrently 
submit documentary evidence, etc. supporting their arguments.
  (3) Where concerned parties, etc. present their opinions by oral statement, the administrative 
agencies shall record in writing the major points of the statement and the names of those who 
have made the statement.
  (4) Where concerned parties, etc. fail to present their opinions within the designated time limit 
without justifiable grounds, it shall be deemed that they have no opinions.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 27-2 (Reflection of Presented Opinions)  (1) In rendering dispositions, administrative 
agencies shall reflect opinions presented by concerned parties, etc. if deemed that they have 
convincing grounds. <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
  (2) Where an administrative agency takes any disposition without reflecting the opinions presented 
by the parties thereto, etc., it shall, if requested to explain that ground, inform such parties, etc. 
in writing of the ground therefor within 90 days from the date the parties becomes aware that 
such disposition has been taken: Provided, That, if the parties, etc. agree, the administrative 
agency may inform orally, through information and communications networks, or by any other 
means. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 28 (Presiding Officers of Hearings)  (1) An administrative agency shall fairly designate 
the presider of a hearing from among either their personnel or the persons holding qualifications 
prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
  (2) Administrative agencies shall give the presiding officers of hearings prior notice of materials 
necessary for hearings by seven days before the commencement of the hearings. <Newly Inserted 
by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터  (3) The presiding officers of hearings shall independently and fairly perform their duties and shall 
not be accorded any unfavorable treatment in their status against their will on grounds of having 
performed such duties. <Amended by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>
  (4) The presiding officers of hearings designated from among those prescribed by Presidential 
Decree under paragraph (1) shall be deemed public officials for the purposes of penal provisions 
under the Criminal Act and other Acts. <Amended by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014>
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 29 (Exclusion, Recusation, and Abstention of Presiding Officials)  (1) No hearing 
shall be presided over by a presiding official that falls under any of the following: <Amended by 
Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
    1. Where he/she is a concerned party, etc. or is or was a relative within a degree of kinship 
falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 777 of the Civil Act with a concerned party, 
etc.;
    2. Where he/she has rendered a testimony or expert examination involved in the relevant 
disposition; 
    3. Where he/she is or was involved in the relevant disposition as the agent of a concerned party, 
etc.; 
    4. Where he/she himself/herself is or was engaged in the affairs of the relevant disposition;
    5. Where he/she works at the department in charge of handling the affairs of the relevant 
disposition. In such cases, the detailed scope of such department shall be prescribed by 
Presidential Decree. 
  (2) Where the presiding official of a hearing has any ground to undermine the fair progression of 
the hearing, the concerned party, etc. may file an application to recuse the presiding official with 
the competent administrative agency. In such cases, the administrative agency shall suspend the 
hearing and replace the presiding official of the hearing without delay if the application is deemed 
reasonable.
  (3) Where the presiding official of a hearing falls under paragraph (1) or (2), he/she may 
voluntarily abstain from presiding over the hearing with the approval of the competent 
administrative agency.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 30 (Open Hearings)  A hearing may be open to the public if a concerned party so requests 
or the presiding official of the hearing deems it necessary: Provided, That it shall not be open to 
the public when the open hearing might remarkably prejudice the public good or legitimate 
interests of any third party.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 31 (Progression of Hearings)  (1) In commencing a hearing, the presiding official shall first 
explain the contents of the scheduled disposition in question, its factual background, legal basis, 
etc.
  (2) Concerned parties, etc. may state their opinions, submit documentary evidence, and address 
questions to relevant witnesses, expert witnesses, etc.
  (3) Where concerned parties, etc. submit their opinions in writing, the contents thereof shall be 
deemed stated in person at the relevant hearing.
  (4) The presiding official of a hearing may take measures necessary to ensure the prompt and 
orderly progress of the hearing.
  (5) Where an administrative agency intends to hold any subsequent session of a hearing, it shall 
notify the concerned parties, etc. of the date and time and location of the subsequent session 
either in writing or, subject to the consent of the concerned parties, etc., in the form of electronic 
document: Provided, That for concerned parties, etc. in attendance at the hearing, the presiding 
official may make notification thereof orally at the date of the hearing. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 32 (Consolidation and Separation of Hearings)  Administrative agencies may hold 
hearings ex officio or upon the application of concerned parties by consolidating or separating 
several cases.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 33 (Examination of Evidence)  (1) The presiding official of a hearing may, ex officio or 
upon the application of a concerned party, conduct necessary examinations and also examine facts 
that concerned parties, etc. have not claimed.
  (2) Examination of evidence shall be conducted in any manner described below:
    1. Collection of evidential data such as documents, ledgers, and materials;
    2. Inquiries to relevant witnesses, expert witnesses, etc.;
    3. Verification or appraisal and assessment; 
    4. Other necessary examinations.
  (3) Where deemed necessary, the presiding official of a hearing may request the administrative 
agencies concerned to submit necessary documents or state their opinions. In such cases, the 
administrative agencies so requested shall comply therewith unless there are any special 
circumstances obstructing the execution of their duties.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 34 (Records of Hearings)  (1) The presiding official of a hearing shall keep a record of the 
hearing that states the following matters: 
    1. Title;
    2. Personal information on the presiding official of the hearing, including his/her affiliation and full 
name;
    3. Domiciles, full names or titles, and the attendance of the concerned parties, etc.;
    4. Date and time and location of the hearing;
    5. The abstract of statements of the concerned parties, etc. and the evidence submitted;
    6. Whether or not the hearing is open to the public and, if so or if not under the proviso to 
Article 30, the grounds therefor;
    7. The abstract and appended evidence when engaged in the examination of evidence; 
    8. Other necessary matters.
  (2) Concerned parties, etc. may inspect and review the contents of the hearing record and request 
the correction thereof if they have any objection thereto.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 34-2 (Statements of Presiding Officials’ Views)  The presiding official of a hearing 
shall draw up a statement of his/her own views that includes the following:
    1. Title of the hearing;
    2. Contents of the disposition and major facts or evidence;
    3. General views; 
    4. Other necessary matters.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 35 (Conclusion of Hearings)  (1) Where the presiding official of a hearing deems that the 
presentation of opinions by concerned parties, etc. and the examination of evidence regarding the 
relevant case have been completed, he/she may conclude the hearing.
  (2) Where all or any of concerned parties, etc. are not in attendance at the fixed date of a 
hearing without justifiable grounds or fail to submit their opinions in writing under Article 31 (3), 
the presiding official may conclude the hearing without granting them further opportunities for 
submitting opinions and evidence.
  (3) Where all or any of concerned parties, etc. are unable to be in attendance at the date and ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터time of a hearing or to submit their opinions in writing under Article 31 (3) on justifiable 
grounds, the presiding official shall request them to submit opinions and evidence specifying a 
period of at least 10 days and may conclude the hearing when such a period expires. <Amended 
by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
  (4) Where the presiding official of a hearing concludes the hearing, he/she shall submit without 
delay to the competent administrative agency the records of the hearing, the statement of his/her 
own views, and other related documents. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 35-2 (Reflection of Results of Hearings)  Administrative agencies shall carefully review 
the records of hearings, the statements of the views of presiding officials, and other related 
documents received under Article 35 (4) and, if deemed reasonable, reflect the results of the 
hearings in rendering dispositions.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 36 (Reopening of Hearings)  If an administrative agency deems it necessary to reopen a 
hearing due to the revelation of new facts between the time when the hearing is concluded and 
the time when a disposition is rendered, it may return the records, etc. of the hearing received 
under Article 35 (4) and order the reopening of a hearing. In such cases, Article 31 (5) shall 
apply mutatis mutandis.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 37 (Inspection of Documents and Confidentiality)  (1) Concerned parties, etc. may 
request an administrative agency to allow the inspection or duplication of the documents regarding 
the examination results of the case and other documents pertaining to the relevant disposition, 
between the time when the notice of the hearing is given and the time when the hearing is 
concluded. In such cases, the administrative agency may not deny such a request, except where 
those documents are required to be kept confidential by other Acts and subordinate statutes.
  (2) Where an administrative agency complies with a request for inspection or duplication under 
paragraph (1), it may designate the date and time and location for such inspection or duplication.
  (3) Where an administrative agency denies a request for inspection or duplication under the latter 
part of paragraph (1), it shall give an explanation therefor.
  (4) The scope of the documents subject to inspection or duplication under paragraph (1) shall be 
prescribed by Presidential Decree.
  (5) Administrative agencies may charge costs incurred in duplication under paragraph (1) to those 
who requested it. 
  (6) No one shall, without justifiable grounds, leak or use for other purposes privacy or business 
or transaction secrets of another person learned through hearings.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        SECTION 3 Public Hearings  
Article 38 (Announcement of Holding of Public Hearings)  To hold a public hearing, an 
administrative agency shall, at least 14 days before the commencement of the public hearing, 
notify the concerned parties, etc. of the following and inform the general public by publishing it in 
the Official Gazette, official bulletins, its internet homepage, daily newspapers, etc.: Provided, That 
in cases of newly determining the date and place due to failing to hold a public hearing as 
scheduled after the notification thereof, the administrative agency shall inform such date and place 
seven days before holding a public hearing : <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
    1. Title;
    2. Date and time, and location;
    3. Main contents;ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터    4. Information about presenters;
    5. Methods of application for presentation and the term of application;
    6. Presentation of opinions by means of information and communications networks; 
    7. Other necessary matters for holding the public hearing.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 38-2 (Electronic Public Hearings)  (1) An administrative agency may hold a public hearing 
through information and communications networks (hereinafter referred to as "electronic public 
hearing") only in parallel with a public hearing under Article 38.
  (2) Where an administrative agency holds an electronic public hearing, it shall build and operate 
information and communications networks with appropriate electronic processing systems to enable 
presentation of opinions and participation in discussion.
  (3) Where an electronic public hearing is held, any person may present opinions or participate in 
discussion on presented opinions through information and communications networks.
  (4) Necessary matters for methods and procedures of holding electronic public hearings, other 
than those provided in paragraphs (1) through (3), shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 38-3 (Selection of Presiding Officials and Presenters of Public Hearings)  (1) An 
administrative agency shall designate the presider of a public hearing from among those with 
qualifications prescribed by Presidential Decree who have professional knowledge in the field 
related to the topic of such public hearing, or experience in the relevant field. <Amended by Act No. 
16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
  (2) Presenters of a public hearing shall be selected by the competent administrative agency from 
among applicants for presentation: Provided, That the administrative agency may designate or 
commission presenters from among the following persons, in the absence of any applicant for 
presentation or when deemed necessary to ensure fairness in the public hearing:
    1. Concerned parties, etc. to the topic of the public hearing;
    2. Persons with expert knowledge in the field related to the topic of the public hearing;
    3. Persons with professional experience in the field related to the topic of the public hearing.
  (3) Each administrative agency shall endeavor to ensure fairness in designating, commissioning, or 
selecting the presiding official and presenters of a public hearing. 
  (4) Presiding officials and presenters of public hearings and other experts, etc. who provide 
materials for the public hearings may be reimbursed for allowances, travel expenses, and other 
necessary expenses within budgetary limits.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 39 (Format of Public Hearings)  (1) The presider of a public hearing shall preside over 
the public hearing in a fair manner, may restrict the contents of presentations to ensure the 
smooth operation of the public hearing, and take necessary measures as determined by the 
Minister of the Interior and Safety, including issuance of an order to stop speech or exit the 
public hearing, to maintain order. <Amended by Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 
2014; Act No. 14839, Jul. 26, 2017>
  (2) Presenters shall only address matters directly related to the topic of the public hearing.
  (3) The presider of a public hearing shall, upon completion of presentations, allow questions and 
answers among the presenters and give the audience opportunities to speak their opinions. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 39-2 (Reflection of Results of Public Hearings and Electronic Public Hearings)  
Where administrative agencies recognize that there exist reasonable grounds for the facts and 
opinions presented through public hearings, electronic public hearings, information and 
communications networks, etc.,, they shall reflect such facts and opinions in rendering a 
disposition. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
 법제처 - 15 / 19 -
  국가법령정보센터  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 39-3 (Re-holding of Public Hearing)  Where it is deemed necessary to hold a public 
hearing again because any new facts are discovered before the disposition is made after 
completing a public hearing, the administrative agency may hold a public hearing again.
  [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019]
        CHAPTER III REPORTS  
Article 40 (Reports)  (1) Where Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. provide for reports that release 
a person from a liability by notifying an administrative agency of specified matters, the 
administrative agency in control of the reports shall post a notice (including any notice on the 
Internet, etc.) of the required documents, the receiving agency for the reports, and other 
necessary matters provided under Acts and subordinate statutes, etc. or furnish the relevant 
manual to make it available to the general public for inspection.
  (2) Where a report under paragraph (1) meets the following conditions, the reporting obligation 
shall be deemed fulfilled upon the arrival of the report at the receiving agency: 
    1. Where no defects are found in the report;
    2. Where the required documents are duly appended; 
    3. Where the report conforms to the formalities provided in Acts and subordinate statutes, etc.
  (3) Where an administrative agency receives a report that fails to meet the conditions of the 
subparagraphs of paragraph (2), it shall require without delay the person who filed the report to 
supplement it, specifying a considerable period.
  (4) Where a person who filed a report fails to supplement it within the period mentioned in 
paragraph (3), the competent administrative agency shall return such report, specifying the 
reasons therefor.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        CHAPTER IV ADMINISTRATIVE PREANNOUNCEMENT OF LEGISLATION  
Article 41 (Administrative Pre-Announcement of Legislation)  (1) In cases of enacting, 
amending, or abolishing an Act, subordinate statute, etc. (hereinafter referred to as 
“legislation”), the administrative agency that has prepared the relevant draft legislation shall 
pre-announce it: Provided, That the administrative agency may omit such pre-announcement in 
any of the following cases: <Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012>
    1. Where legislation requires urgency due to the necessity of prompt protection of citizens’ 
rights or the occurrence of any extraordinary circumstances that have not been expected;
    2. Where legislation is simply required for the enforcement of a senior Act, subordinate statute, 
etc.;
    3. Where the contents of legislation have no relation to the rights and obligations or daily lives of 
citizens;
    4. Where pre-announcement is deemed unnecessary or difficult considering the nature of the 
contents of legislation, such as simple modification of expressions or wording;
    5. Where pre-announcement might seriously undermine the public safety or welfare.
  (2) Deleted. <by Act No. 6839, Dec. 30, 2002>
  (3) Where the Minister of Legislation receives a request for review of a draft Act, subordinate 
statute, etc. the pre-announcement of legislation of which has not been made, he/she may 
recommend the relevant administrative agency to make the pre-announcement or directly make 
the pre-announcement, if such pre-announcement of legislation is deemed necessary. <Amended 
by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012>
  (4) Where any important modification as prescribed by Presidential Decree is intended for a ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
 법제처 - 16 / 19 -
  국가법령정보센터pre-announced draft legislation, such as addition of any provisions directly related to citizens’ 
livelihood, the administrative agency that has prepared such draft legislation shall make the 
additional pre-announcement of the relevant portions: Provided, That the administrative agency 
may omit such additional pre-announcement in cases falling under any of the subparagraphs of 
paragraph (1). <Newly Inserted by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012>
  (5) Necessary matters regarding the standards, procedures, etc. for the pre-announcement of 
legislation shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012>
Article 42 (Methods of Pre-Announcement)  (1) An administrative agency shall publish an 
announcement of the purports, major content or full text of a draft of legislation by methods 
classified in the following subparagraphs, and may additionally publish an announcement thereof 
through the Internet, newspapers, broadcasting, etc.: <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
    1. In cases of making a pre-announcement of legislation for an Act or subordinate statute: Public 
announcement through the Official Gazette and the information system established and provided 
by the Minister of Legislation;
    2. In cases of making a pre-announcement of legislation for a municipal ordinance or rule: Public 
announcement through official bulletins. 
  (2) Where an administrative agency makes a pre-announcement of legislation for a Presidential 
Decree, it shall submit the Presidential Decree to the competent standing committee of the 
National Assembly. 
  (3) Where an administrative agency makes a pre-announcement of legislation, it shall notify 
central administrative agencies, local governments, and other organizations deemed related to the 
draft legislation, of the pre-announcement of legislation by giving notice of the matters to be 
pre-announced or using other means. 
  (4) Administrative agencies may extensively collect public opinions on the draft legislation 
pre-announced pursuant to paragraph (1), through electronic public hearings, etc. In such cases, 
Article 38-2 (2) through (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis.
  (5) Where an administrative agency receives a request for the inspection or duplication of the full 
text of a pre-announced draft legislation, it shall comply therewith, unless there exist special 
circumstances.
  (6) Administrative agencies may charge costs incurred in duplication under paragraph (5) to those 
who requested the duplication. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 43 (Pre-Announcement Period)  The period for pre-announcement of legislation shall be 
determined at the time of the pre-announcement and shall not be less than 40 days (20 days in 
cases of municipal ordinances and rules) in the absence of special circumstances. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 44 (Presentation of Opinions and Processing thereof)  (1) Any person may present 
his/her opinions about a pre-announced draft legislation.
  (2) Where an administrative agency makes a pre-announcement of legislation, it shall include in 
the pre-announcement the receiving agency for opinions, the period for presenting opinions, and 
other necessary matters.
  (3) Where an administrative agency receives opinions regarding a draft legislation, it shall respect 
the opinions and process them accordingly, unless there are special circumstances.
  (4) Administrative agencies shall notify the presenters of opinions of the processing results of 
such opinions.
  (5) Matters regarding the methods of processing presented opinions and the notification of the 
processing results shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 45 (Public Hearings)  (1) With respect to draft legislation, administrative agencies may hold ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
 법제처 - 17 / 19 -
  국가법령정보센터public hearings.
  (2) With respect to public hearings, Articles 38, 38-2, 38-3, 39, and 39-2 shall apply mutatis 
mutandis. 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        CHAPTER V PRE-ANNOUNCEMENT OF ADMINISTRATION  
Article 46 (Pre-Announcement of Administration)  (1) Where an administrative agency intends to 
formulate, implement, or change any policy, system, and plan (hereinafter referred to as "policy, 
etc."), it shall make a pre-announcement thereof: Provided, That a pre-announcement may be 
omitted in any of the following cases: <Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019>
    1. Where it is significantly difficult to make a pre-announcement due to urgent reasons, such as 
necessity for prompt protection of the rights of the people or the occurrence of unpredictable 
special circumstances;
    2. Where a policy, etc, is simply for enforcing Acts and subordinate statutes, etc.;
    3. Where the content of a policy, etc. are not related to the rights, duties, or daily life of the 
people;
    4. Where the pre-announcement of a policy, etc. is highly likely to impair public safety or 
welfare. 
  (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), pre-announcement of administration may be substituted by 
pre-announcement of legislation when the former includes the introduction of Acts and 
subordinate statutes, etc.
  (3) The period for pre-announcement of administration shall be determined taking into 
consideration the nature, etc. of such pre-announcement and shall not be less than 20 days, 
unless special circumstances exist.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 46-2 (Compilation and Public Announcement of Statistics on Pre-Announcements 
of Administration)  Administrative agencies shall compile annual statistics on the status of 
implementation and results of their own pre-announcements of administration and shall publish 
them through the Official Gazette, official bulletins, the Internet website, etc. 
  [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014]
Article 47 (Method of Pre-Announcement)  (1) Administrative agencies shall publish an 
announcement of the purports and major content of a draft of a policy, etc. through the Official 
Gazette, official bulletins, the Internet, newspapers, broadcasting, etc. 
  (2) Articles 38, 38-2, 38-3, 39, 39-2, 39-3, 42 (excluding paragraphs (1), (2) and (4)), 44 
(1) through (3) and 45 (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the mehtod of pre-announcement of 
administration, the submission and handling of opinions, and public hearings and electronic public 
hearing. In such cases, "bill of legislation" shall be deemed as "draft of a policy, etc.", 
"pre-announcement of legislation" as "pre-announcement of administration", and "when taking a 
disposition" as “when formulating, implementing or changing a policy, etc." 
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019]
        CHAPTER VI ADMINISTRATIVE GUIDANCE  
Article 48 (Principles of Administrative Guidance)  (1) Administrative guidance shall be 
rendered only to the minimum extent required to attain its purpose and shall not be unjustly 
exercised against the will of the other party to such administrative guidance.
  (2) No administrative agency shall treat any other party to administrative guidance 
disadvantageously on grounds of his/her non-compliance with the administrative guidance.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터Article 49 (Methods of Administrative Guidance)  (1) Any person rendering administrative 
guidance shall make clear to the subject party both his/her own identity and the purposes and 
contents of the administrative guidance. 
  (2) Where administrative guidance is rendered by oral statement, the person imposing the 
administrative guidance shall, where requested by the subject party, provide the information 
referred to in paragraph (1) in writing, so long as no extraordinary administrative inconvenience 
arises thereby.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 50 (Presentation of Opinions)  The subject party to administrative guidance may present 
his/her opinions to the competent administrative agency in regard to the methods, contents, etc. of 
the administrative guidance.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 51 (Administrative Guidance Directed to More Than One Person)  Where an 
administrative agency intends to render administrative guidance to more than one person in order 
to achieve a common administrative objective, it shall make the common contents serving such 
objective known to the general public, unless special circumstances exist.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
        CHAPTER VII STRENGTHENING CITIZEN PARTICIPATION  
Article 52 (Endeavors to Strengthen Citizen Participation)  Administrative agencies shall 
endeavor to provide various types of opportunities for participation and cooperation to strengthen 
citizen participation in the administrative process.
  [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014]
Article 53 (Online Policy Debates)  (1) An administrative agency may hold a policy debate using 
information and communications networks (hereafter referred to as “online policy debate” in this 
Article) to widely gather diverse and creative opinions from citizens about major policy issues, 
etc. affecting citizens.
  (2) An administrative agency may organize a temporary debate panel by subject and allow such 
panel to participate in the relevant debate to hold more effective online policy debates. In such 
cases, an administrative agency shall endeavor to ensure fairness and objectivity in organizing a 
panel.
  (3) An administrative agency may take measures necessary to ensure that online policy debates 
can be conducted fairly and impartially.
  (4) The organization and working methods of debate panels, and other matters necessary for 
conducting online policy debates, shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
  [This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 12347, Jan. 28, 2014]
        CHAPTER VIII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS  
Article 54 (Defrayment of Expenses)  Expenses incurred in relation to administrative procedures 
shall be borne by administrative agencies: Provided, That the same shall not apply to expenses 
defrayed by relevant parties, etc. for their own benefit.
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 55 (Reimbursement of Expenses for Relevant Witnesses, etc.)  (1) An administrative 
agency may reimburse relevant witnesses, expert witnesses, etc. necessary for progression of 
administrative procedures for travel expenses and provide daily allowances within budgetary limits.
  (2) The criteria, etc. for reimbursement of expenses under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by 
Presidential Decree.ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES...
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  국가법령정보센터  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
Article 56 (Request for Cooperation, etc.)  The Minister of the Interior and Safety (referring to 
the Minister of Legislation in the case of Chapter IV) shall endeavor to efficiently administer this 
Act and, if necessary, may check the current status and conditions of administration thereof, and 
may request administrative agencies concerned to provide relevant data or other cooperation. 
<Amended by Act No. 11690, Mar. 23, 2013; Act No. 12844, Nov. 19, 2014; Act No. 14839, Jul. 26, 2017>
  [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11498, Oct. 22, 2012]
    ADDENDA  <Act No. 16778, Dec. 10, 2019> 
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
  This Act shall enter into force six months after its promulgation.
Article 2 (Applicability to Prior Notification of Disposition)  
  The amended provisions of Article 21 (3) shall begin to apply to prior notification of dispositions 
made after this Act enters into force.
Article 3 (Applicability to Reflection of Presented Opinions)
  The amended provisions of Article 27-2 (2) shall begin to apply to cases where the parties, etc. 
present their opinions after this Act enters into force.
Article 4 (Applicability to Public Hearing)  
 (1) The amended provisions of Article 29 (1) 5 shall begin to apply to presiders of public hearings 
designated after this Act enters into force.
 (2) The amended provisions of Article 35 (3) shall begin to apply to public hearings commenced 
after this Act enters into force.
Article 5 (Applicability to Designation of Presider of Public Hearing)  
  The amended provisions of Article 38-3 (1) shall begin to apply to presiders of public hearings 
designated after this Act enters into force.
Article 6 (Applicability to Pre-Announcement of Administration)  
  The amended provisions of Article 46 (1) shall begin to apply to policies, etc. formulated, 
implemented, or changed after this Act enters into force.