CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
362ments or asked to be kept informed of the results of 
this regulatory action.
XI. AVAILABILITY OF THE FINAL 
STATEMENT OF REASONS   
(Gov. Code, § 11346.5, subdivision (a) (19))
Upon completion, copies of the final statement of 
reasons may be obtained by contacting the contact 
person listed above.
XII. INTERNET WEBSITE 
FOR ELECTRONIC 
PUBLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION  
(Gov. Code, § 11346.5, subdivision (a) (20))
Copies of this notice, the initial statement of rea -
sons, the text of the proposed regulations, and all ma -
terials published or distributed by the Council on this 
regulatory action made be found at the Council’s web -
site: www.deltacouncil.ca.gov .
TITLE 24.  BUILDING STANDARDS 
COMMISSION/ENERGY COMMISSION
CALIFORNIA BUILDING ENERGY 
EFFICIENCY STANDARDS  
 
2025 BUILDING ENERGY 
EFFICIENCY STANDARDS  
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, 
TITLE 24, PART 1, CHAPTER 10, AND 
PART  6 (2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE)  
 
DOCKET NUMBER 24–BSTD–01  
 
INTRODUCTION
Notice is hereby given that the California Energy 
Commission (CEC) proposes to adopt changes to the 
Building Energy Efficiency Standards contained in 
the California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, 
Part 6 (also known as the California Energy Code) and 
associated administrative regulations in Title 24, Part 
1, Chapter 10, after considering all recommendations, 
comments, and objections regarding the proposed ac -
tion. A description of the proposed standards is pro -
vided in the Informative Digest below.
PUBLIC HEARING AND ADOPTION 
BY COMMISSION
The CEC will hold a public hearing for the purpose 
of hearing comments on the proposed standards at the date and time listed below. Interested persons, or their 
authorized representative, may present oral and writ -
ten statements, arguments, or contentions relevant to 
the proposed standards at the public hearing.
Public Hearing and Proposed Adoption Date
August 14, 2024
10:00 a.m. (Pacific Time)
REMOTE ATTENDANCE
The public hearing may be accessed by clicking 
the Zoom link below or visiting Zoom at https://join.
zoom.us  and entering the ID and password for the 
workshop listed below. If you experience difficulties 
joining, you may contact Zoom at (888) 799–9666 ext. 
2, or the Office of the Public Advisor, Energy Equity, 
and Tribal Affairs at publicadvisor@energy.ca.gov  or 
by phone at (916) 957–7910.
Link: https://zoom.us/
Meeting ID: 938 6923 0237
Passcode: mtg@10am
To participate by telephone dial (213) 338–8477 or 
1–888–475–4499 (toll free). When prompted, enter 
the Webinar ID and password listed above. To com -
ment or ask a question over the telephone, dial *9 to 
“raise your hand” and *6 to mute/unmute your phone 
line.
PUBLIC ADVISOR
The CEC’s Office of the Public Advisor, Energy Eq -
uity, and Tribal Affairs provides the public assistance 
in participating in CEC proceedings. For information 
on participation or to request interpreting services 
or reasonable accommodations, reach out via email 
at publicadvisor@energy.ca.gov , by phone at (916) 
957–7910. Requests for interpreting services and rea -
sonable accommodations should be made at least five 
days in advance. The CEC will work diligently to ac -
commodate all requests.
Zoom: If you experience difficulties with the Zoom 
platform, please contact the Public Advisor’s office via 
email or phone.
MEDIA INQUIRIES
Direct media inquiries to the Media and Pub -
lic Communications Office to (916) 654–4989 or  
mediaoffice@energy.ca.gov .
WRITTEN PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD
The written public comment period for the 2025 
Building Energy Efficiency Standards will be held 
from March 29, 2024, through May 13, 2024 . Any CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
363
interested person, or their authorized representative, 
may submit written comments to the CEC for consid -
eration on or prior to May 13, 2024 . The CEC appre -
ciates receiving written comments at the earliest pos -
sible date. Comments submitted outside this comment 
period are considered untimely. The CEC may, but is 
not required to, respond to untimely comments.
The CEC encourages use of its electronic com -
menting system. Visit the e–commenting page at 
https://www.energy.ca.gov/programs–and–topics/  
programs/building–energy–efficiency–standards/  
2025–building–energy–efficiency , which links to the 
comment page for this docket. Enter your contact in -
formation and a comment title describing the subject 
of your comment(s). Comments may be included in 
the “Comment Text” box or attached as a download -
able, searchable document consistent with California 
Code of Regulations, Title 20, Section, 1208.1. The 
maximum files size allowed is 10 MB.
Written comments may also be submitted by email. 
Include docket number 24–BSTD–01 and “2025 En -
ergy Code” in the subject line and email to docket@
energy.ca.gov .
A paper copy may be sent to:
California Energy Commission
Docket Unit
Docket Number 24–BSTD–01
715 P Street, MS–4
Sacramento, CA 95814
Written and oral comments, attachments, and asso -
ciated contact information (including address, phone 
number, and email address) will become part of the 
public record of this proceeding with access available 
via any internet search engine.
To ensure you receive notice of any changes to 
the proposed regulatory changes in this proceeding, 
please follow the instructions provided at the end of 
this notice to join the proceeding email subscriber list 
or provide a valid email or mailing address with your 
comments.
POST–HEARING MODIFICATIONS TO THE 
TEXT OF THE REGULATIONS
Pursuant to Government Code Section 11346.8, 
following the written public comment period and 
the public hearing, the CEC may adopt the proposed 
building standards substantially as proposed in this 
notice or with modifications that are sufficiently relat -
ed to the original proposed text and notice of proposed 
changes. If modifications are made, the full text of 
the proposed modifications, clearly indicated, will be 
made available to the public for at least 15 days prior 
to the date on which CEC adopts, amends, or repeals 
the regulation(s). The CEC will accept written com -ments on the modified building standards during the 
15–day period.
AUTHORITY AND REFERENCE
The CEC proposes to adopt the regulations under the 
authority granted by Public Resources Code Sections 
25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402, 25402.1, and 25605.
The CEC proposes to implement, interpret, or make 
specific Public Resources Code Sections 21080.4, 
21153, 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 
25402.4, 25402.5, 25402.8, 25605, 25910, 25942, and 
25943, and Health and Safety Code Sections 18930, 
18934, and 18935.
INFORMATIVE DIGEST
Summary of Existing Laws, Regulations and Effect
The Warren–Alquist Act (California Public Re -
sources Code Sections 25001 et seq.) establishes the 
CEC as California’s primary energy policy and plan -
ning agency. Public Resource Code Sections 25213, 
25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.5, 25402.8, 25910, 
25942, and 25943 mandate and/or authorize that the 
CEC adopt rules and regulations, as necessary, to re -
duce the inefficient consumption of energy and water 
in newly constructed buildings and certain additions 
and alterations to existing buildings.
One of the ways the CEC satisfies this requirement is 
through the California Energy Code (California Code 
of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6) found in the California 
Building Standards Code, which are adopted pursuant 
to Health and Safety Code Sections 18930, 18934, and 
18935 and, where applicable, the California Environ -
mental Quality Act, California Public Resources Code 
Sections 21000 et seq.  The Energy Code includes all 
the energy efficiency requirements applicable to new -
ly constructed buildings and additions and alterations 
to existing buildings. As a portion of the California 
Building Code (Title 24), the Energy Code (Title 24, 
Part 6) follows the same three–year update cycle.
The CEC is initiating its next triennial rulemaking 
proceeding for updating the Energy Code, and the 
CEC proposes to adopt amendments for publication in 
2024 with an effective date of January 1, 2026.
The proposed amendments to the 2025 Energy Code 
would:
● Introduce prescriptive heat pump requirements 
for select nonresidential existing building types.
● Update prescriptive heat pump requirements, and 
associated performance baselines, for newly con -
structed single–family, multifamily, and select 
nonresidential building types.
● Update solar photovoltaic system standards for 
residential, nonresidential and hotel and motel 
buildings.CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
364● Update energy storage standards for high–rise 
residential, nonresidential, and hotel and motel 
buildings.
● Increase envelope efficiency standards for resi -
dential and nonresidential buildings.
● Increase space conditioning system efficiency 
and control standards for residential and nonresi -
dential buildings.
● Improve indoor air quality requirements for mul -
tifamily buildings by requiring balanced or sup -
ply–only ventilation systems and compartmental -
ization leakage testing, as well as a prescriptive 
standard for energy/heat recovery ventilation sys -
tems with a fault indicatory display.
● Introduce prescriptive heat pump requirements 
for individual domestic water heating systems 
serving individual dwelling units in low rise mul -
tifamily buildings.
● Establish electric–ready requirements for multi -
family domestic water heating systems.
● Simplify standards for multifamily buildings.
● Introduce options for improving efficiency of 
pool and spa water heating systems.
● Increase daylighting control requirements for 
nonresidential buildings.
● Increase efficiency standards for laboratories.
● Increase efficiency requirements for controlled 
environment horticulture buildings.
● Increase efficiency requirements for nonresiden -
tial refrigeration systems.
● Establish industrial pipe insulation requirements.
● Establish electric–ready requirements for com -
mercial kitchens.
● Relocate portions of the Alternative Calculation 
Method Approval Manual pertaining to the appli -
cation, approval, updates, expiration, and decer -
tification of third–party compliance software to 
Title 24, Part 1.
● Relocate field verification and diagnostic testing 
requirements from Title 20 to Title 24, Part 1.
● Make general improvements to the clarity and 
consistency of existing provisions.
These amendments are significant to the State of 
California in that they support State clean energy 
goals, policies, and legislation. These amendments 
will increase the deployment and grid benefits of on–
site renewable energy generation, increase flexibility 
of energy demand, reduce carbon emissions from new 
buildings (building decarbonization), reduce growth 
in energy demand, and ensure that California build -
ings are as energy efficient as possible while also be -
ing technically feasible and cost–effective.Comparable Federal Statute or Regulations
The CEC has determined that there are no existing 
comparable federal regulations or statutes.
Policy Statement Overview
The Energy Code helps create long–term econom -
ic growth and stability by increasing the disposable 
income of Californians and California businesses in 
the longer term. The regulations will increase ener -
gy efficiency savings in the state by carrying out the 
CEC’s statutory mandate to provide energy efficien -
cy and conservation standards for newly constructed 
buildings and certain alterations and additions to ex -
isting buildings. By saving large amounts of energy, 
the standards will make a major contribution in meet -
ing the state’s goals for reductions in greenhouse gas 
emissions.
The CEC estimates that the implementation of the 
2025 Energy Code will reduce anticipated statewide 
electricity demand. This will, in turn, result in a net re -
duction in the emissions of greenhouse gases, nitrous 
oxide, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and particu -
late matter attributable to electricity generation and 
on–site combustion. Improved air quality as a result 
of reduced emissions will result in health benefits to 
Californians and help mitigate costs related to health 
and other issues associated with climate change. The 
reduction in statewide electricity demand will also 
marginally decrease water consumption in the elec -
tricity generation sector.
EVALUATION OF INCONSISTENCY OR 
INCOMPATIBILITY WITH EXISTING 
STATE REGULATIONS
The CEC has conducted an evaluation for other 
state regulations in this area and has determined that 
the proposed standards are neither inconsistent nor in -
compatible with existing state regulations.
OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY 
STATUTE APPLICABLE TO THE AGENCY 
OR TO ANY SPECIFIC REGULATION OR 
CLASS OF REGULATIONS
None.
MANDATE ON LOCAL AGENCIES OR 
SCHOOL DISTRICTS
The CEC has determined that the proposed regula -
tory action would not impose a new mandate on local 
agencies or school districts.CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
365
ESTIMATE OF COST OR SAVINGS
The CEC has prepared an estimate in accordance 
with instructions adopted by Department of Finance, 
of cost or savings to any state agency, local agency, or 
school district.
A. Cost or savings to any state agency:  Yes. Build -
ings owned and occupied by state agencies are re -
quired to comply with the standards.
B. Cost to any local agency required to be reim -
bursed under Part 7 (commencing with Sec -
tion 17500) of Division 4:  Buildings owned or 
operated by local agencies are required to com -
ply with the standards. However, costs of com -
plying with the standards are not required to be 
reimbursed.
C. Cost to any school district required to be re -
imbursed under Part 7 (commencing with Sec -
tion 17500) of Division 4:  School buildings are 
covered by the standards, and the administrative 
regulations of the Division of State Architect re -
quire public school buildings to comply with the 
standards. However, costs of complying with the 
standards are not required to be reimbursed.
D. Other nondiscretionary cost or savings im -
posed on local agencies:  None.
E. Cost or savings in federal funding to the state:  
While the CEC receives federal State Energy 
Program funding for the building standards pro -
gram, the updates proposed to the standards do 
not alter or affect the state’s ongoing participation 
in federal State Energy Program.
INITIAL DETERMINATION OF NO 
SIGNIFICANT STATEWIDE ADVERSE 
ECONOMIC IMPACT ON BUSINESSES, 
INCLUDING ABILITY OF CALIFORNIA 
BUSINESSES TO COMPETE WITH 
BUSINESSES IN OTHER STATES
The CEC has made an initial determination that the 
proposed regulations are unlikely to have a statewide 
adverse economic impact directly affecting business, 
including the ability of California businesses to com -
pete with businesses in other states. Despite minor 
competitive impacts to California businesses in the 
short term, the long–term benefits of the proposed 
regulations will not disadvantage California business -
es from competing with businesses in other states.
On the contrary, California’s Energy Code is part of 
the California Building Standards Code and therefore, 
impact nearly all newly constructed buildings, as well 
as to specific additions and alterations to nearly all 
existing buildings. Therefore, the Energy Code may 
eventually impact all business in the state that own buildings. While there are initial up–front costs im -
posed by the Energy Code, there are significantly more 
lifetime savings to residents and businesses across the 
state who will experience lower energy costs and low -
er overall costs of ownership.
There are long–term savings that typically more 
than compensate for initial upfront costs by a signifi -
cantly positive ratio. Past changes to the Energy Code 
continue to generate benefits. More simply, the Ener -
gy Code helps create long–term economic growth and 
stability by increasing the disposable income of Cali -
fornians and California businesses in the longer term. 
These long–term benefits far outweigh the initial up -
front costs and, therefore, California businesses are 
not disadvantaged in competing with businesses from 
other states by these regulations. Since the 1970s, Cal -
ifornia has maintained a deep history of progressive 
environmental and energy regulations that also save 
consumers money. Additional facts, data, and evi -
dence supporting this initial determination are includ -
ed in the CEC’s Economic and Fiscal Analysis (STD. 
399) and in the rulemaking docket.
DECLARATION OF EVIDENCE
The basis for the CEC’s findings on economic im -
pacts is that the standards are cost–effective, and 
therefore will have a beneficial economic impact 
on the owners and occupants of buildings built to 
comply with the standards. Evidence for the cost–  
effectiveness of the standards requirements is con -
tained in the formal rulemaking docket.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED 
BY REFERENCE
The existing Energy Code incorporates a number of 
industry test standards by reference. The amendments 
proposed for the 2025 Energy Code include updates to 
these standards as needed to maintain currency. The 
following documents are being incorporated by refer -
ence into the Energy Code:
AIR–CONDITIONING, HEATING AND 
REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE
AHRI Standard 210/240–2023 (2020) Performance 
Rating of Unitary Air–Conditioning & Air–
Source Heat Pump Equipment 2023
AHRI Standard 340/360–2022 (1–P) Performance 
Rating of Commercial and Industrial Unitary 
Air–Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment 
2022
AHRI Standard 420–2023 (I–P) Performance Rating 
of Forced–circulation Free–delivery Unit Cool -
ers 2023
ANSI/AHRI Standard 550/590–2023 (I–P)CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
366Performance Rating of Water–Chilling Packages and 
Heat Pump Water–heating Packages Using the 
Vapor Compression Cycle 2023
AHRI Standard 560–2023 (I–P) Performance Rat -
ing of Water–cooled Lithium Bromide Absorp -
tion Water–chilling and Water–heating Packages 
2023
AHRI Standard 1060–2023 (I–P) Performance Rating 
of Air–to–Air Exchangers for Energy Recovery 
Ventilation Equipment 2023
AHRI Standard 1240–2017 (R2023) (I–P) Perfor -
mance Rating of Active Chilled Beams 2017
AHRI Standard 1360–2022 (I–P) Performance Rating 
of Computer and Data Processing Room Air Con -
ditioners 2022
AIR–CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS OF 
AMERICA
ANSI/ACCA 2 Manual S–2023 2023
Manual S — Residential Equipment Selection, Third 
Edition 2023
AAMA/WDMA/CSA
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/1.S.2/A440:22 North 
American Fenestration Standard/Specification 
for Windows, Doors, and Skylights 2023
AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF 
GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGENISTS
2023 TLVs and BEIs Threshold Limit Values for 
Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and 
Biological Exposure Indices 2023
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS 
INSTITUTE
ANSI/AMCA Standard 220–21 Laboratory Methods 
of Testing Air Curtain Units for Aerodynamic 
Performance Rating 2021
ANSI/ASSP Z9.5–2022 Laboratory Ventilation 2022
ANSI/NEMA WD 6–2021 Wiring Devices — Di -
mensional Specifications 2021
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, 
REFRIGERATING AND AIR–CONDITIONING 
ENGINEERS (NATIONAL PUBLICATIONS)
ASHRAE GUIDELINE 36–2021 High–Performance 
Sequences of Operation for HVAC Systems 2021
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55–2023 Thermal Environ -
ment Conditions for Human Occupancy 2023
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1–2022 Ventilation and 
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality 2022
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2–2022 Ventilation and 
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Residential 
Buildings 2022
ANSI/ASHRAE 84–2020 Method of Testing Air–to–
Air Heat/Energy Exchanger 2020ANSI–ASHRAE 90.1–2022 Energy Standard for 
Buildings Except Low–Rise Residential Build -
ings 2022
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 154–2022 Ventilation for 
Commercial Cooking Operations 2022
ASHRAE Handbooks
2023 ASHRAE Handbook — HVAC Applications (I–
P) 2023
2020 ASHRAE Handbook — HVAC Systems and 
Equipment (I–P) 2020
2021 ASHRAE Handbook — Fundamentals (I–P) 
Fundamentals (I–P) 2021
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL 
ENGINEERS
ASME A17.1–2019/CSA B44:22 Safety Code for El -
evators and Escalators 2022
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND 
MATERIALS/ASTM INTERNATIONAL
ASTM C55–22 Standard Specifications for Concrete 
Building Brick 2022
ASTM C335/C335M–23 Standard Test Method for 
Steady–State Heat Transfer Properties of Hori -
zontal Pipe Insulation 2023
ASTM C518–21 Standard Test Method for Steady–
State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means 
of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus 2021
ASTM C731–15(2022) Standard Test Method for Ex -
trudability, After Package Aging, of Latex Seal -
ants 2022
ASTM C732–22 Standard Test Method for Aging Ef -
fects of Artificial Weathering on Latex Sealants 
2022
ASTM C836/C836M–18(2022) Standard Specification 
for High Solids Content, Cold Liquid–Applied 
Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane for Use 
with Separate Wearing Course 2022
ASTM C1167–22 Standard Specification for Clay 
Roof Tiles 2022
ASTM C1492–22 Standard Specification for Concrete 
Roof Tile 2022
ASTM C1549–16(2022) Standard Test Method for De -
termination of Solar Reflectance Near Ambient 
Temperature Using a Portable Solar Reflectom -
eter 2022
ASTM C1583/C1583M–20 Standard Test Method for 
Tensile Strength of Concrete Surfaces and the 
Bond Strength or Tensile Strength of Concrete 
Repair and Overlay Materials by Direct Tension 
(Pull–off Method)
ASTM D448–12(2022) Standard Classification for 
Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Con -
struction 2022CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
367
ASTM D522/D522M–17(2022) Standard Test Meth -
ods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic 
Coatings 2022
ASTM D822/D822M–13(2018) Standard Practice for 
Filtered Open–Flame Carbon–Arc Exposures of 
Paint and Related Coatings
ASTM D2202–00(2023) Standard Test Method for 
Slump of Sealants 2023
ASTM D3805/D3805M–16(2023) Standard Guide for 
Application of Aluminum–Pigmented Asphalt 
Roof Coatings 2023
ASTM D5870–22 Standard Practice for Calculating 
Property Retention Index of Plastics (2016) 2022
ASTM D6694/D6694M–15(2023) Standard Specifica -
tion for Liquid– Applied Silicone Coating Used 
in Spray Polyurethane Foam Roofing 2023
ASTM E96/E96M–22ae1 Standard Test Methods for 
Water Vapor Transmission of Materials 2022
ASTM E1175–87(2022) Standard Test Method for De -
termining Solar or Photopic Reflectance, Trans -
mittance, and Absorptance of Materials Using a 
Large Diameter Integrating Sphere 2022
ASTM E1677–23 Standard Specification for Air Bar -
rier (AB) Material or Assemblies for Low–Rise 
Framed Building Walls 2023
ASTM E1680–16(2022) Standard Test Method for 
Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Metal Roof 
Panel Systems 2022
ASTM E1918–21 Standard Test Method for Measur -
ing Solar Reflectance of Horizontal and Low–
Sloped Surfaces in the Field 2021
ASTM E2178–21a Standard Test Method for Deter -
mining Air Leakage Rate and Calculation of Air 
Permeance of Building Materials 2021
ASTM E2357–23a Standard Test Method for Deter -
mining Air Leakage of Air Barrier Assemblies 
2023
CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE
2025 California Building Code 2025
2025 California Electrical Code 2025
2025 California Fire Code 2025
2025 California Historical Building Code 2025
2025 California Mechanical Code 2025
2025 California Plumbing Code 2025
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
Appliance Efficiency Regulations 2025
Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual 2025
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER 
AFFAIRS
Standards for Insulating MaterialCOOL ROOF RATING COUNCIL
CRRC–1 (2023) Product Rating Program Manual 
2023
ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
IES LM–51–20 Approved Method: Electrical and 
Photometric Measurement of High Intensity Dis -
charge Lamps 2020
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR 
STANDARDIZATION
ISO 7574–4: 1985 Statistical methods for determining 
and verifying stated noise emission values of ma -
chinery and equipment 1985
ANSI/ASA S12.55–2012/ISO 3745:2012 Acous -
tics — determination of sound power levels and 
sound energy levels of noise sources using sound  
pressure–precision methods for anechoic rooms 
and hemi–anechoic rooms 2012
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 
PLUMBING AND MECHANICAL OFFICIALS
California Mechanical Code
INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL
California Building Code (2025) 2025
INTERNATIONAL WINDOW FILM 
ASSOCIATION
Architectural Visual Inspection Standard Window 
Film (reindorsed 2018) 2018
NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS 
ASSOCIATION
NEMA LSD 57–2023 Polyurethane Foam Applica -
tion: Lighting Equipment 2023
NATIONAL FENESTRATION RATING 
COUNCIL
ANSI/NFRC 100–2023 Procedure for Determining 
Fenestration Product U–factors 2023
ANSI/NFRC 200–2023 Procedure for Determining 
Fenestration Product Solar Heat Gain Coeffi -
cients and Visible Transmittance at Normal In -
cidence 2023
ANSI/NFRC 202–2023 Procedure for Determining 
Translucent Fenestration Product Visible Trans -
mittance at Normal Incidence 2023
ANSI/NFRC 203–2020 (R2023) Procedure for De -
termining Visible Transmittance of Tubular Day -
lighting Devices 2020
ANSI/NFRC 400–2023 Procedure for Determining 
Fenestration Product Air Leakage 2023
NSF INTERNATIONAL (FORMERLY 
NATIONAL SANITATION FOUNDATION)
NSF/ANSI/CAN 50–2023e Equipment and Chemicals 
for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs, and Other 
Recreational Water Facilities 2023CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
368SHEET METAL AND AIR–CONDITIONING 
CONTRACTORS’ NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
ANSI/SMACNA 006–2020 HVAC Duct Construction 
Standards — Metal and Flexible 2020
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES / UL
UL 1598–2021 Standard for Luminaires 2021
UL 1741–2021 Standard for Inverters, Converters, 
Controllers and Interconnection System Equip -
ment for Use with Distributed Energy Resourc -
es 2021
UL 1973–2022 Standard for Batteries for Use in Sta -
tionary, Vehicle Auxiliary Power and Light Elec -
tric Rail (LER) Applications 2022
UL 2108–2015 (R2023) Low Voltage Lighting Sys -
tems 2015
UL 9540–2023 Standard for Energy Storage Systems 
and Equipment 2023
Upon request, all documents are available for re -
view at the CEC located at 715 P Street, Sacramento, 
California 95814.
FINDING OF NECESSITY FOR THE 
PUBLIC’S HEALTH, SAFETY, OR 
WELFARE BUSINESS REPORT
The proposed regulations of Part 1, Chapter 10, sec -
tions 10–103.3 would impose new reporting require -
ments on Energy Code Compliance (ECC) providers 
and ECC independent raters and rater companies.
ECC–Provider:
1. Reporting to the Commission Compliance Docu -
ment Repository (CCDR)
 The proposed regulations will require the ECC–
Providers to transmit compliance documentation 
registered in its data registry no less than once 
per calendar year to the Commission Compli -
ance Document Repository (CCDR). This report -
ing requirement will relieve existing annual re -
porting requirements concerning these registered 
compliance documents.
2. Quality Assurance Reporting:
a. Quarterly Reporting. The proposed regula -
tions will require that the ECC–Provider re -
port each quarter to the CEC a summary of 
all failed quality assurance audits.
b. Annual Reporting. The proposed regula -
tions will require that the ECC–Provider re -
port each year to the CEC.
3. Response to data requests from the CEC: At any 
time, the Executive Director may request access 
to or a digital copy of one or more registered com -
pliance documents, associated Compliance Reg -
istration Packages, and quality assurance records 
that an ECC–Provider is required to maintain.4. Immediate Reporting of Disciplinary Actions. 
The ECC–Provider will be required to provide 
written notification of any ECC–Rater or ECC–
Rater Company decertification to the Commis -
sion within 24 hours of decertification.
5. Summary of ECC–Rater Company and Indepen -
dent Rater annual reports (see below). This sum -
mary will include an aggregation of the total and 
average costs of services for each type of field 
verifications and diagnostic tests reported by all 
ECC–Rater Companies and independent ECC–
Raters without any associated identification.
ECC–Rater Company and Independent Rater:
Under the proposed requirements, beginning in June 
of 2027, the ECC–Provider will submit to the CEC a 
summary of the annual reports from each ECC–Rater 
Companies and Independent Raters under its certifi -
cation. The ECC–Rater Companies and Independent 
Raters must submit a detailed report annually to the 
ECC–Provider. These annual reports must include the 
ECC–Rater Company or independent Rater’s contin -
ued licensure compliance, employed ECC–Rater cer -
tificate status, field verification and diagnostic testing 
activities, and average cost of services provided.
It is necessary for the health, safety, or welfare of 
the people of the state, that these regulations, which 
require a report, apply to businesses.
COST IMPACT ON REPRESENTATIVE 
PRIVATE PERSON OR BUSINESS
The CEC has determined that there may be addi -
tional incremental costs to an individual homeown -
er imposed by the Energy Code, however, there are 
long–term savings that typically repay those costs by 
a significantly positive ratio making the initial costs 
for a new single family home buyer to be statistically 
insignificant.
California’s Energy Code is part of the California 
Building Standards Code and therefore impacts near -
ly all newly constructed buildings, as well as to cer -
tain additions and alterations to existing buildings. 
As a result, the Energy Code may eventually impact 
all businesses in the state that own buildings because 
California’s Energy Code applies to buildings built in 
the state of California. While the increased energy ef -
ficiency measures in California’s buildings may have 
short term initial costs, there are long–term benefits 
from reduced utility costs. For individuals this will re -
sult in increased disposable income and for businesses 
lower costs and potentially additional profit. The pro -
posed standards are cost–effective over the life of the 
building.
In addition, the CEC estimates that the implementa -
tion of the proposed standards will reduce anticipated 
increases in statewide annual electricity demand and CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
369
natural gas consumption. This will, in turn, result in 
a net reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases, 
nitrous oxide, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and 
particulate matter attributable to electricity generation 
and on–site combustion (compared to the current En -
ergy Code requirements). Reduced air pollution and 
reductions in greenhouse gases will result in health 
benefits to Californians and help mitigate health and 
other costs associated with climate change. The re -
duction in statewide electricity demand will also mar -
ginally decrease water consumption in the electricity 
generation sector.
SMALL BUSINESS
The proposed standards will affect small business -
es. The Energy Code does not differentiate between a 
small business and a typical business but rather impact 
construction that may occur in nearly all public and 
private buildings in California.
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF 
REGULATIONS UPON JOBS 
AND BUSINESS EXPANSION, 
ELIMINATION OR CREATION
The CEC has assessed whether and to what extent 
this proposal will affect the following:
A. The creation or elimination of jobs within the 
State of California
The CEC has made the initial determination that 
the proposed regulations for the 2025 Energy Code 
will result in an estimated 6,215 jobs created and 18 
jobs eliminated. Jobs created and eliminated estimates 
were developed with support from Evergreen Econom -
ics using IMPLAN modeling software. The IMPLAN 
model provides a relatively simple representation of 
the California economy’ however, it is important to 
understand that the IMPLAN model simplifies the ex -
tremely complex actions and interactions of individu -
al, businesses, and other organizations as they respond 
to changes in energy efficiency codes. The estimated 
jobs eliminated are the result of a proposed measure 
that will increase central water heating pipe efficiency 
requirements in newly constructed multifamily build -
ings, which will result in increased costs for builders. 
This measure results in incremental costs and thereby 
decreases discretionary income. Therefore, the CEC 
concludes that the proposal may result in both jobs 
created and eliminated in California.
B. The creation of new businesses or the 
elimination of existing businesses within the State 
of California.
California’s Energy Code is part of the California 
Building Standards Code and therefore impacts near -
ly all newly constructed buildings, as well as specific additions and alterations to existing buildings. As a 
result, the 2025 Energy Code is expected to eventu -
ally impact all businesses in the state that own build -
ings. While there are initial up–front costs imposed 
by the Energy Code, there are significantly more 
lifetime savings to residents and businesses across 
the state who will experience lower energy costs and 
lower overall costs of ownership. The Energy Code 
helps create long–term economic growth and stability 
by increasing the disposable income of Californians 
and California businesses in the longer term making 
it possible that new businesses may be created to pro -
vide compliance services and to supply energy effi -
cient products. Therefore, the CEC concludes that the 
proposal may create some additional business and is 
unlikely to eliminate existing businesses within the 
state of California. Given the uncertainty, and the 
many unknown variables in making these projections, 
the CEC is conservatively assuming there will be no 
additional businesses created.
C. The expansion of businesses currently doing 
business within the State of California.
California businesses producing energy efficient 
products and technology that meet or exceed the 
proposed Standards are likely to expand their sales 
of those products and technologies due to the imple -
mentation of these proposed Standards. Therefore, the 
CEC concludes that businesses currently doing busi -
ness in California to provide energy–efficient products 
and services may be expanded.
D. The benefits of the regulation to the health and 
welfare of California residents, worker safety, and 
the state’s environment.
Beyond the monetary benefits, the CEC estimates 
that the implementation of the 2025 Energy Code up -
dates will reduce anticipated increases in statewide 
annual electricity demand. This will, in turn, result 
in a net reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gas -
es, nitrous oxide, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, 
and particulate matter attributable to electricity gen -
eration and on–site combustion. Improved air quality 
as a result of reduced emissions will result in health 
benefits to Californians and help mitigate costs relat -
ed to health and other issues associated with climate 
change. The reduction in statewide electricity demand 
will also marginally decrease water consumption in 
the electricity generation sector.
The proposed regulations will not adversely affect 
the health and welfare of California residents, worker 
safety, or the state’s environment.CALIFORNIA REGULATORY NOTICE REGISTER 2024, VOLUME NUMBER 13–Z
370ESTIMATED COST OF COMPLIANCE 
OF STANDARDS THAT WOULD 
IMPACT  HOUSING
The proposed regulations are required by statute 
(Public Resources Code § 25402(b) (3)) to be cost–ef -
fective when amortized over the economic life of the 
structure. Increasing energy efficiency in Califor -
nia’s buildings through the Energy Code often incurs 
short term initial costs, largely imposed on California 
homebuilders and commercial building developers, 
but results in long–term benefits to large amounts of 
residents and businesses across the state. For residents 
and businesses alike, advancing the state’s Energy 
Code results in reduced energy costs, lower overall 
expenses for renters, lower costs of ownership and 
thereby lower risks of default for borrowers.
There is significant evidence that the cost increas -
es associated with complying with the Energy Code 
have no statistically significant impact on median sin -
gle–family home sale prices.5 Initial costs imposed on 
homebuilders and developers are included as initial 
costs in B1, but not considered significant enough to 
impact housing costs in the state. Currently, two iden -
tical homes in California — one that complies with the 
Energy Code that is currently in effect, and another 
that would comply with this proposed set of regula -
tions — would have the same market value. Notable 
factors that are known to impact housing costs are 
neighborhood comparable homes (“comps”), location, 
home size, age, interest rates, and other economic indi -
cators; the Energy Code does not impact these factors.
CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
The CEC has determined that no reasonable alter -
native considered by the CEC or that has otherwise 
been identified and brought to the attention of the 
CEC would be more effective in carrying out the pur -
pose for which the action is proposed, or would be 
as effective and less burdensome to affected private 
persons than the proposed action, or would be more 
cost–effective to affected private persons and equally 
effective in implementing the statutory policy or other 
provisions of law.
The CEC invites interested persons to present state -
ments, arguments, or data concerning alternatives to 
the proposed standards at the scheduled hearing or 
during the written comment period.
AVAILABILITY OF 
RULEMAKING  DOCUMENTS
The CEC maintains a website to facilitate public 
access to documents prepared and considered as part 
of this rulemaking proceeding. Documents prepared by the CEC for this rulemaking have been posted at 
https://www.energy.ca.gov/programs–and–topics/  
programs/building–energy–efficiency–standards/  
2025–building–energy–efficiency .
The CEC will have the entire rulemaking file 
available for inspection and copying throughout the 
rulemaking process at the address below. As of the 
date this notice is published in the Notice Register, 
the rulemaking file consists of this Notice, the Express 
Terms, the Initial Statement of Reasons (ISOR), the 
Economic and Fiscal Impact Statement (STD. 399), 
any documents relied upon, and any documents in -
corporated by reference. Copies may be obtained by 
contacting Corrine Fishman at the phone number be -
low or accessed through the CEC website at https://
www.energy.ca.gov/programs–and–topics/programs/  
building–energy–efficiency–standards/2025–  
building–energy–efficiency .
At the conclusion of the r ulemak ing, persons may ob -
tain a copy of the Final Statement of Reasons (FSOR), 
once it has been prepared, by visiting the CEC’s 
website at https://www.energy.ca.gov/programs–  
and–topics/programs/building–energy–efficiency–
standards/2025–building–energy–efficiency .
CONTACT PERSON FOR PROCEDURAL 
AND ADMINISTRATIVE QUESTIONS
Please direct general inquiries concerning aspects of 
the rulemaking process including requests for copies 
of the proposed text (Express Terms), the Initial State -
ment of Reasons (ISOR), any modified version of the 
regulations, the substance of the proposed regulations, 
or any other information upon which the rulemaking 
is based to:
Corrine Fishman, MA
Regulations Manager
Efficiency Division
corrine.fishman@energy.ca.gov
PROPOSING STATE AGENCY CONTACT 
PERSON FOR SUBSTANTIVE AND/
OR TECHNICAL QUESTIONS ON 
THE PROPOSED CHANGES TO 
BUILDING  STANDARDS
Specific questions regarding the substantive and/or 
technical aspects of the proposed changes to the build -
ing standards should be addressed to:
Payam Bozorgchami, PE
Senior Civil Engineer
Building Standards Branch
Payam.bozorgchami@energy.ca.gov