WT/TPR/M/426  
22 August 2022 
(22-6319) Page: 1/55 
Trade Policy Review Body   
1 and 3 June 2022  
  
TRADE POLICY REVIEW  
NEW ZEALAND  
MINUTES OF THE MEETING  
Chairperson: H.E. Mr Ángel Villalobos Rodríguez  
CONTENTS  
 
1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .....................  2 
2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF NEW ZEALAND  ..........................  4 
3  STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  ................................ ................................ ..............  7 
4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  ................................ ................................ ......................  10 
5  REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF NEW  ZEALAND AND ADDITIONAL  
COMMENTS  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  48 
6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  ................................ .......................  54 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note: Advance written questions and additional questions by WTO Members, and the replies provided 
by New Zealand  are reproduced in document WT/TPR/M/ 426/Add.1  and will be available online at 
http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp_rep_e.htm.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  1  INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
1.1.  The sixth Trade Policy Review of New Zealand  was held on 1 and 3 June 2022. The Chairperson, 
H.E. Mr Ángel  Villalobos  Rodríguez  (Mexico) welcomed the delegation of New Zealand , headed by 
H.E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Permanent Representative of New Zealand  to the WTO; the rest of the 
delegation; and the discussant, H.E. Ambassador Stephen  De Boer (Canada).  
1.2.  The Chairperson was pleased that, in addition to physical presence, the meeting also benefit ted 
from the Interprefy online connection, allowing for a wid er participation of the Membership.  
1.3.  The Chairperson recalled the purpose of TPRs and the main elements of procedures for the 
meeting. The Report by New Zealand  is contained in document WT/TPR/G/ 426, and that of the WTO 
Secretariat in document WT/TPR/S/ 426. 
1.4.  Questions by the following delegations were submitted in writing before the deadline: The 
Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia; the United  States; Hong  Kong, China; Mexico; Canada; Australia; Brazil; 
Japan; Chile; the European  Union; The Republic of Korea; Switzerlan d; The Philippines; 
Chinese  Taipei ; and Colombia.  The following delegations submitted written questions after the 
deadline: Argentina, Ukraine, China, the United  Kingdom, Malaysia, Thailand, Oman, Ecuador, 
Iceland, Uruguay, T ürkiye, India, and Indonesia.  
1.5.  The Chairperson recall ed some elements of New  Zealand's previous Review in 2015 and 
developments since then, as well as identif ied some key issues ar ose from the advance written 
questions submitted by Members for th e current  TPR.  
1.6.  At the time of the previous Review, Members had commended New  Zealand for its good 
economic performance and for its sound macroeconomic policies that had underpinned GDP growth. 
Nevertheless, Members acknowledged that New  Zealand still faced certain import ant challenges, 
including a high foreign debt, weak external demand, and low labour productivity.  
1.7.  According to the Secretariat's report prepared for the current  Review, New  Zealand's real GDP 
grew 3.4% annually on average between 2015 and 2019, reflecting  positive terms of trade but had 
witnessed the largest fall on record in the second  quarter of 2020 due to the COVID -19 pandemic. 
Economic activity rebounded strongly in the second  half of 2020 behind a substantial fiscal policy 
response and the competitiv eness of New  Zealand's main goods exports. According to the IMF, 
New Zealand's real GDP growth rate in 2021 was 5.1%, compounded by strong domestic demand.  
1.8.  In its 2015 Review, New  Zealand was highly commended for maintaining a very open economy 
and trade r egime. While acknowledg ed that New  Zealand had one of the lowest average MFN tariffs, 
Members had urged New  Zealand to reduce the existing gap between the applied and bound 
MFN rates. In th at regard, the Secretariat report indicate s that New  Zealand's simp le average 
applied MFN tariff rate had decreased from 2.4% in 2014 to 2.2% in 2021, considerably lower than 
the simple average bound tariff rate of 10.5%.  
1.9.  The Chairperson was encouraged to read from both the Government and the Secretariat reports 
that dur ing the period covered by th e Review, New  Zealand had updated some important elements 
of its trade and investment regime, notably through the Customs and Excise Act 2018 with a view 
of making its customs regime more transparent. Moreover, New  Zealand devel oped its new trade 
strategy, the Trade for All Agenda, and also  adopted the Trade Recovery Strategy in light of the 
pandemic, which included: broadening the support for exporters; refreshing major trade 
relationships to achieve further trade diversificatio n; and working towards strengthening and 
reforming the WTO and pursuing trade agreements. Since 2015, New  Zealand had added 4 new 
regional trade agreements (RTAs) to its network, which currently consists of 13  RTAs involving 
29 economies, including some of  its main trading partners.  
1.10.   In its 2015 Review, New  Zealand's open foreign investment regime was also acknowledged. 
Nonetheless, some Members had found that there was room for improvement, notably concerning 
certain restrictions in sensitive sectors and th e FDI screening process. According to the Secretariat 
report, during th e current review period New  Zealand had removed screening requirements for 
low-risk transactions to further simplify its foreign investment regime. The Chairperson noted that 
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  1.11.   A survey of the advance written questions submitted for th e Review indicate d a wide rang e of 
topics of interest to Members regarding New  Zealand's trade and investment policies. Some of th ose 
issues were also raised at the last TPR of New  Zealand. Th ese include d the regulations in place in 
the dairy and kiwifruit markets, including the advant aged position of the kiwifruit's state trading 
company, support to the agricultural sector, and digital transformation. For the current review there 
was also significant interest in New  Zealand's Trade for All Agenda, its newly signed Digital Economy 
Partn ership Agreement, climate -related policies and targets, the government's COVID -19 response, 
changes in the foreign investment regime, the public interest assessment for the application of trade 
remedies, and various aspects of the intellectual property rig hts regime, including the protection of 
Māori traditional knowledge.  
1.12.   In total, New  Zealand received 442  advance written questions from 29  delegations for this 
Review, out of which 268  were sent within the established deadline. Prior to th e meeting, 
New Zealand had already  provided written replies to almost all of these questions and the 
Chairperson look forward to hearing New  Zealand's updates on these issues during the two -day 
meeting.  
1.13.   This meeting w as a good opportunity for Members to discuss in greater detail issues of interest 
to them and of systemic importance to the multilateral trading system. It was also an opportune 
moment for New  Zealand to inform the Membership on the impact of the pandemic on its economy 
and the measures it has taken in response . The Chairperson was looking forward to a fruitful 
discussion.  
1.14.   The Chairperson closed h is introductory remarks by wishing New Zealand  a very successful 
sixth Trade Policy Review.  
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  2  OPENING STATEMENT BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF NEW ZEALAND ( H.E. AMBASSADOR 
CLARE KELLY ) 
2.1.  Thank you Mr  Chair, Ambassador Villalobos  Rodríguez . Ambassadors and Distinguished 
Representatives, it is an honour to present to you today New  Zealand 's sixth  Trade Polic y Review. I 
wish to start by expressing my appreciation to Ambassador De Boer for being the discussant for 
New Zealand 's TPR, and to the Secretariat for its significant, valuable work in preparing its Report 
and these proceedings.  
2.2.  New Zealand 's previous Tr ade Policy Review took place in 2015. It is difficult to over -state the 
ways in which the global trading environment, and the situation facing the WTO itself, have become 
significantly more challenging since then. This underlines the importance of internat ional rules and 
the multilateral trading system and the need for us all to do what we can to support it.  
2.3.  As we meet today, the world is confronted with the horrific consequences of the unprovoked 
and illegal invasion of one WTO Member by another. This clear violation by the Russia n Federation  
of the basic tenets of international law on which the WTO itself is  based is a serious threat to global 
peace and security. I cannot overemphasi ze New  Zealand 's level of concern at Russia n Federation' s 
invasion of Ukraine and its appalling humanitarian consequences. Russia n Federation' s actions have 
also caused massive di sruption to the production and distribution of key crops, threatening the basic 
living conditions of millions of people around the world. New  Zealand has responded strongly to this 
crisis, including by introducing targeted sanctions legislation. We call on  the Russia n Federation  to 
stop this war immediately.  
2.4.  I would like to emphasise the significance that New  Zealand places on the Trade Policy Review 
Mechanism. It is a critical WTO instrument, promoting transparency and assisting all economies to 
ensure our  trade and economic policies are consistent with our WTO obligations and in so doing, 
reinforces the multilateral trading system that is critical to the health and resilience of the global 
economy. New  Zealand remains committed to sustainable macroeconomic  policies and a trade policy 
consistent with the fundamental WTO goals of expanding both goods and services trade, and the 
elimination of barriers to trade.  
2.5.  New Zealand appreciates the interest shown by WTO Members in our trade policy settings, and 
in part icular our climate change policy, our FTA agenda and our approach to open plurilateralerism, 
such as D igital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEP A). I would like to thank Members for their 
written questions.  
2.6.  Since New  Zealand 's last Trade Policy Review seve n years ago, the New  Zealand Government 
has adopted a "Trade for All " agenda, aimed at ensuring trade policy supports sustainable and 
inclusive economic development and delivers for all New  Zealanders, with the benefits of trade 
flowing to all sections of the community. Trade for All is central to how New  Zealand interacts 
domestically, regionally , and internationally, including in Geneva, as we seek to advance inclusive 
and sustainable trade. It has improved and moderni zed public participation in trade pol icy. 
Importantly, Trade for All prioritises enhanced engagement on trade with Māori, the Indigenous 
people of New  Zealand, including to ensure the Government meets its obligations under the Treaty 
of Waitangi.  
2.7.  The COVID -19 pandemic has inflicted a devasta ting toll on human life  and brought with it 
significant and enduring economic costs globally over the past two and a half years, causing the 
biggest economic contraction since the Great Depression. The effects on New  Zealand – an open 
and trade -reliant eco nomy – were significant, with trade dropping from 55% of GDP to 44% as a 
result of the pandemic, with the collapse in international education and tourism as a result of 
pandemic -related border closures.  
2.8.  New Zealand 's health -led approach to the pandemic, coupled with significant economic and 
fiscal support measures, was critical in protecting the economy and living standards, with 
employment now at a record high, and a swift, strong economic recovery underway. New  Zealand 
also acted early in the pandemic to support supply chain connectivity, the continued flow of trade, 
and keep critical infrastructure open, including by co -leading initiatives on supply chains and 
essential products including medicines and surgical products. We were also proud to secure, during WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  New Zealand 's APEC host year, an APEC Statement on COVID -19 Vaccine Supply Chains, following 
which New  Zealand removed tariffs on COVID -19 vaccines and related goods.  
2.9.  Trade is leading New  Zealand 's economic recovery from COVID -19. In 2020, the Government 
launched a Trade Recovery Strategy. This aims to help New  Zealand recover from the impacts of 
COVID -19 and to seize new opportunities for exports and investment. It is focused on maximi zing 
the contribution of trade to the New  Zealand economy, which we all know is such powerful catalyst 
for productivity, employment and incomes, as well as poverty reduction. The Strategy also supports 
the Government's goals of inclusive economic growth and the transition to a carbon neutral economy 
as set out most recently in New  Zealand 's Emissions Reduction Plan.  
2.10.   New Zealand is a trading nation, and with one in four of our jobs tied to exports we have in 
turn created an open market domestically for trade.  
2.11.   On goods, New  Zealand remains committed to remo ving barriers to the free flow of global 
trade, and continues to have one of the lowest average MFN applied tariff rates globally of just 1.9% 
average in 2020. Around 90% of goods enter New  Zealand tariff free, and for over 20  years, 100% 
of goods from least developed countries  (LDCs)  have entered New  Zealand duty free. In agriculture, 
New Zealand's tariffs on agricultural products were just 1.4% in 2020. Total support provided to the 
agricultural sector is the lowest in the OECD, with an average Producer S upport Estimate of 0.7% 
during 2018 -20, all of which falls under the WTO Agreement on Agriculture "green box" classification. 
This is focused on agricultural research and innovation, biosecurity controls, and environmental 
programmes.  
2.12.   Services form a vita l component of the New  Zealand economy, with both imports and exports 
growing strongly until COVID -19. New  Zealand has undertaken commitments in 90  sectors and 
subsectors under GATS, of which around 30 have no limitations placed on market access and nation al 
treatment for Modes 1 -3. Applied settings are more open still. Since 2015, New  Zealand has also 
granted preferential market access to LDCs in 10  additional subsectors of the WTO  Services Sectoral 
Classification, in accordance with the WTO waiver. In addition, New  Zealand includes high -quality 
services chapters in our FTAs. In the 2021 OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index, New  Zealand 
scores better than average for 21 out of the 22 sectors covered, and in some area 's New  Zealand 
operates one of th e most open regimes globally. New  Zealand 's regulatory environment is 
internationally recogni zed, including by the OECD, as facilitating uptake of these opportunities.  
2.13.   Making New  Zealand's trade policy more sustainable is a key focus of Trade for All. 
New Zealand sees an important role for the WTO at the intersection of trade and climate change and 
is leading the Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform initiative to establish a pathway for addressing fossil fuel 
subsidies at the WTO. In addition, New  Zealand is negotiat ing the plurilateral Agreement on Climate 
Change, Trade and Sustainability (ACCTS), a first -of-its-kind agreement involving six  diverse 
economies that recogni ze trade policies, practices and rules have an important role to play on climate 
change and sustai nable development. ACCTS will cover areas such as environmental goods and 
services, fossil fuel subsidies , and eco -labelling, and will be open to Membership by other WTO 
economies once concluded, in line with New  Zealand 's policy of concerted open plurilat eralism.  
2.14.   New Zealand is committed to the WTO. We are a long -standing supporter of the rules -based 
multilateral trading system. An open international trading system is essential for the growth of the 
world economy, and benefits us all. In addition, New  Zealand is actively involved in regional 
integration processes throughout the Asia Pacific, including the critical work of APEC, which 
New Zealand was pleased to host virtually last year.  
2.15.   New Zealand is committed to achieving further trade liberalisation thro ugh comprehensive 
and high -quality bilateral, regional and plurilateral trade agreements. These can make an important 
strategic contribution to supporting the WTO and the multilateral trading system, making them a 
stepping  stone  for further multilateral tr ade liberalisation.   
2.16.   The Australia -New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement (CER) was signed 
close to 40  years ago, and is the most comprehensive and effective free trade agreement in the 
world, with an active bilateral agenda. Since our last TPR in 2015, New  Zealand has ratified five new 
agreements and two upgraded agreements, and signed another. These include:  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  • the 11 -member Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans -Pacific Partnership 
(CPTPP), in force since December  2018;  
• the trade and development -focused Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations 
(PACER) Plus, in force since December  2020;  
• the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), in force since January  2021, and  
• the 15 -member Regional Comprehensive Economic Part nership (RCEP), in force since 
January  2022.  
• upgrades to existing FTAs with Singapore and China, in force since 2020 and 2022 
respectively.  
2.17.   In total, New  Zealand has ratified 15  high-quality, comprehensive FTAs covering 69% of 
New Zealand's exports and 6 3% of imports. This increases to 82% of exports and 86% of imports 
when accounting for FTAs under negotiation or not yet in force. This includes New  Zealand 's FTA 
with the United  Kingdom, signed on 28  February  2022, as well as ongoing negotiations with the  
European  Union and the Pacific Alliance, and the Gulf Cooperation Council.  
2.18.   Also, since our last TPR, New  Zealand became a Party to the WTO  Government Procurement 
Agreement (GPA), ratified the WTO  Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), and welcomed the 
expan sion of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA). New  Zealand is an active participant in 
WTO Joint Statement Initiatives (JSIs) on e -commerce; services domestic regulation; investment 
facilitation for development; micro, small, and medium -sized enterpri ses (MSMEs); and trade and 
gender.  
2.19.   New Zealand is also a Party to the Multi -Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) 
as a stop -gap measure until a fully -functioning WTO dispute settlement system is restored. We 
remain absolutely committed to finding a multilateral solution to the current impasse – we must 
achieve nothing less. Binding dispute settlement is critical to the global trading system and economic 
stability.  
2.20.   We are now less than two  weeks away from the rescheduled Twelfth  WTO Ministerial 
Conference. It is critical that Members deliver a meaningful outcome at MC12. In New  Zealand 's 
view, this should include a substantive trade response to the global pandemic, demonstrating the 
WTO's ability to contribute to global economic recovery; disciplines on environmentally harmful 
fisheries subsidies; and an outcome on agriculture which contributes to improving global food 
security, including through a new negotiating framework to reduce trade - and production -distorting 
subsidies in t he agriculture sector.  
2.21.   To achieve this, we urge Members, particularly the largest and most influential, to exercise 
the leadership needed to find compromises in the best interests of the WTO and the future of the 
multilateral trading system. New  Zealand a lso looks forward to contributing to an inclusive and 
open-minded discussion on WTO reform after MC12.  
2.22.   Once again, thank you for this opportunity to set out the priorities and key developments in 
New Zealand 's trade policy, and to Members for your thought ful questions and active participation 
in New  Zealand 's sixth  Trade Policy Review.  
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  3  STATEMENT BY THE DISCUSSANT  
3.1.  It is a real pleasure to serve as the discussant for New  Zealand 's sixth  Trade Policy Review. 
First of all, I wish to thank Ambassador Clare  Kelly and her team here in Geneva for their constructive 
engagement and contributions in the WTO.  
3.2.  Trade Policy Reviews would not be possible without comprehensive reports as been provided 
by the WTO Secretariat and the Government of New  Zealand, which have definitely helped Members 
submit well -informed questions and engage actively today. Counting on New  Zealand 's 
comprehensive transparent practices, I trust we will have a fruitful Review.  
3.3.  As one of the founding Members  of the WTO, New  Zealand has been actively engaged in the 
WTO ever since. The level of dedication, engagement, and creativity that they have invested in the 
Organization is a real testament to New  Zealand 's long -standing commitment to international 
coopera tion and the multilateral trading system. While many exceptional contributions could be 
highlighted, including from DG Moore, I would be remiss if I failed to commend the role played, more 
recently, by former Ambassador Walker in seeking to ensure the Organization remains relevant.  
3.4.  As one of the most robust, and open economies in the world, New  Zealand has been a vocal 
supporter of a strong, open, transparent, inclusive, and ruled -based trading system. It comes from 
a clear understanding that trade has an important role to play in ensuring sustainable income and 
employment gains, and has the potential to increase wellbeing and prosperity for all.  
3.5.  As we look towards a full recovery, it is also important to look at the past and assess the impact 
of trade poli cy developments and broader international considerations. Today, I intend to draw 
attention to some areas of the notable success since New  Zealand's previous review in 2015, and 
touch on topics that have been identified as possible areas for improvement.  
3.6.  New Zealand is a trading economy. Its exports and imports accounted for 55% of GDP in 
early 2020. And, while its total trade was impacted by the COVID pandemic in 2020 and 2021, it is 
also trade that will lead it out of the pandemic. According to the Govern ment Report, GDP growth is 
forecasted at 4.5% for 2023 and 2.2% in 2024. Leading the charge in terms of trade performance 
is the agricultural sector, making up approximately half of merchandise exports, in the 2019 -2020 
period. The share of manufacturing e xports in total exports decreased only slightly from about 20% 
in the last Review period to just under 18% in 2021 in the 2019 -2020 period. The share of services 
in total trade increased between the last Review period and this one – increasing from 25% of total 
exports to 31% in 2021.  
3.7.  It is clear that the COVID pandemic has had a negative impact on its economy and its trade 
performance. However, in large part thanks to New  Zealand 's ability to contain the spread of the 
virus and the fiscal measures underta ken to bolster production, demand and employment, 
New Zealand is now experiencing a large rebound.  
3.8.  Since the pandemic, and in a continued acknowledgement of trade is a principal driver of growth 
and sustainable living standards, New  Zealand adopted its Tr ade Recovery Strategy in June  2020, 
which focuses on better support to exporters, and increasing engagement with the WTO and trade 
partners to achieve further reforms and trade diversification. This tool has incorporated the Trade 
for All principles to ens ure that everyone benefits through inclusive economic development.  
3.9.  During the review period, New  Zealand had already moved the needle considerably in this 
strategic direction. Since 2015, New  Zealand has signed four  regional trade agreements. Other are 
underway with the European  Union, India, and the Pacific Alliance. Under its APEC collaborative 
chairpersonship, New  Zealand had led the development of key outcomes to support the APEC 
objective to achieve an "open, dynamic, resilient and peaceful for the region by 2040 ".  
3.10.   At the WTO, it plays an active role not only in multilateral bodies, but also in plurilateral 
negotiations and initiatives. Since ratifying the Agreement on Trade Facilitation, New  Zealand has 
modernized its customs legislation, including  a single window which offers the possibility to submit 
information and receive responses from border agencies electronically, and streamlined SPS -related 
procedures to allow for electronic issuing of export certificates for food, plant and animal products . 
In addition to its single window, the New  Zealand Customs Service (NZCS) had its primary legislation WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  amended in 2018 which allows for provisional declaration of goods at the time of importing, and an 
easier path for customers to appeal decisions.  
3.11.   These are only some of the examples implemented by New  Zealand to reap the full benefits 
of trade. It can continue doing more. By New  Zealand 's own standards, it needs to ensure that 
productivity, inclusion and the zero carbon economy transition go further, sinc e these are the root 
drivers of long term, sustainable growth and standards of living. Given these were the same issues 
in the last review period, New  Zealand should make an even bigger effort to ensure they are 
addressed.  
3.12.   When firms are more productive t hey can pay higher wages and hire more workers. It 's no 
coincidence that we see higher levels and growth of employment and wages in firms that export. 
Larger export markets make it more cost effective to not only expand production, but to invest in 
new cap ital inputs and innovation. New  Zealand still has scope to improve here. For example, while 
its agricultural sector leads the charge in terms of production, its total factor productivity is below 
the OECD average.  
3.13.   In addition, a more competitive enabling environment helps ensure domestic firms are more 
productive, but also ensures that imports and foreign direct investment contribute to the efficiency 
of the domestic economy. New  Zealand could do more here as well. While it had an open framework 
for foreig n direct investment, with few restrictions for inward investment, it ranked below the OECD 
average in 2020 in its inward FDI stock. In recent years, New  Zealand has been reforming its foreign 
investment regime and practices. Several Members used the curren t review to seek further 
clarification on the application of the national interest test introduced in June  2020, the difference 
among screening thresholds for investments in existing FTAs as well as the implications of no longer 
incorporating the investor -state dispute settlement mechanism in FTAs.  
3.14.   Further boosting productivity and income growth would include more focus on the digital 
sector and an increased use of digital innovation. In addition to ensuring that regulations keep pace 
with technological cha nge, there is a need to ensure that workers have the appropriate digital skills. 
This is all the more important given population aging and a reliance to some degree on migrants 
with advanced digital skills. I  am happy to note that New  Zealand is currently addressing some of 
these issues through Industry Transformation Plans, and the production of a National Digitalisation 
Strategy, which aims to not only grow the digital economy but also foster inclusion.  
3.15.   New Zealand recognizes that concrete actions are ne eded make inclusive trade, particularly 
for women and indigenous populations, a reality. This is a key issue of mine. For example, in 2018 
New Zealand joined the Inclusive Trade Action Group or ITAG with Canada, Chile , and Mexico. The 
ITAG also established  the Global Trade and Gender Arrangement which promotes mutually 
supportive trade and gender policies, unlocking new opportunities to increase women 's participation 
in trade. Under its Trade for All Agenda, the Government has also been working hand in hand  with 
Māori  populations to ensure they can benefit fully from trade and the economy, with a particular 
emphasis  on sectors such as fisheries, tourism and high tech. I am pleased to see that several 
Members were interested in learning more on this Agenda an d its results achieved.  
3.16.   Attaining a zero carbon economy is also an important element to mention. While New  Zealand 
has been actively advancing WTO trade and environment initiatives and taking steps to reduce its 
reliance on carbon -based energy and product ion, I believe it is an area where it will need to continue 
to do more to meet its own zero -emission targets. Despite New  Zealand 's Emissions Trading Scheme 
having come into force in 2020, the Climate Change Commission estimates that inflation -adjusted 
carbon prices will need to double between 2021 and 2030, and triple by 2050 to meet its abatement 
objectives from domestic sources. At the same time, New  Zealand is also taking other steps. In 
2022, it released its Emissions Reduction Plan which sets out how it will meet its emissions budget 
for 2022 –25. The 2019 Climate Change Response (Zero Carbon) Amendment Act provides a 
framework to development and implement clear and stable climate -change policies.  
3.17.   Turning briefly to some other comments highlighted by Members during the previous review 
in 2015 and were reiterated in the current exercise.  
3.18.   A number of Members had expressed concerns about the export management of kiwifruit and 
certain dairy products in  specific markets. While Fonterra Cooperative Group's exclusive rights to WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  export ended in 2010 with the phase out of export restrictions to specific tariff quota markets, licence 
allocation is still mandatory for certain markets. The Zespri Group, on the o ther hand, still has an 
automatic but not exclusive right to export kiwifruit to all markets except Australia; other private 
traders can export, in collaboration with Zespri and are subject to authorization by Kiwifruit 
New Zealand.  
3.19.   As regards government procurement, while several Members in 2015 called for general 
legislation, this time Members sought further information on the application and expectations set 
out in the Government Procurement Charter and Rules, particularly in terms of the broader 
outcom es, creating opportunities for local business, and quality employment opportunities.  
3.20.   Several Members pointed out the addition of a public -interest assessment as part of the 2017 
amendment to the Anti -dumping and Countervailing Duties Act, 1988. As there h as been no other 
significant change to its trade remedies regime since the last Review, I wish to highlight that in 
2015, several Members had called for greater transparency in New  Zealand's procedures.  
3.21.   Finally, the adoption of new measures in emerging tra de issues has also attracted significant 
interest from Members, including on the new Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the 
Agreement on Climate Change, Trade and Sustainability and their relationships to existing trade 
commitments. It is also not s urprising that New  Zealand has received such a broad range of 
questions on its response to climate change and sustainability, as Members are seeking to achieve 
their own environmental objectives while also maximi zing the benefits that flow from free and op en 
international trade.  
3.22.   Of course, these are only a snapshot of the topics covered in Members ' questions.  
3.23.   I look forward today to hearing constructive exchanges. I wish New  Zealand a successful 
conclusion to this review.  
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  4  STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS  
KINGDOM OF  SAUDI  ARABIA  
4.1.  At the outset, I would like to extend a very warm welcome to the delegation of New  Zealand 
headed by H.E.  Ms Clare Kelly, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of New  Zealand to the 
WTO and would like to thank her and her distinguished team for the excellent cooperation between 
our two missions here in Geneva which serves our mutual interests.  
4.2.   The Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia also wishes to thank the Government of New  Zealand and the 
Secretariat of the WTO for their detailed re ports. We also thank the discussant H.E.  Mr Stephen  
De Boer Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Canada to the WTO for his introductory 
remarks.  
4.3.   As one of the most open economies in the world, New  Zealand continues to strengthen its 
position by upda ting some elements of its trade and investment regime to ensure that trade is 
inclusive. Between 2015 -2019, New  Zealand's real GDP grew on average by 3.4% between and 
projected by IMF to grow by 5.1% in 2021. According to the IMF, New  Zealand's fiscal and monetary 
policies have been successful in promoting economic recovery and maintaining price stability.  
4.4.   We would like to commend New  Zealand for launching a broad reform to simplify its foreign 
investment regime and enhance the coverage of high -risk transa ctions, for developing its new trade 
strategy -the Trade for All Agenda -, for adopting the Trade Recovery Strategy, for wider opening its 
economy by signing four (RTAs) since 2015.  
4.5.   We congratulate New  Zealand for updating some areas such as customs legisl ation, dumping 
and countervailing duties, SPS legislation, competition framework, IP law including acceded four new 
WIPO treaties.  
4.6.   New Zealand is to be commended for adopting several energy strategic plans and an emission 
trading system during the review period to achieve environmental targets at both domestic and 
international levels, including a goal to transition to net zero carbon emissions by 2050.  
4.7.   We also congratulate New  Zealand for being a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system 
and rema in actively engaged at the WTO activities including its participation in discussions on joint 
initiatives, and for its leadership role as chairs of various WTO bodies including the General Council 
in 2020.  
4.8.  Saudi  Arabia enjoys friendly relationship with New  Zealand. The New  Zealand Middle East 
Business Council was established to promote and facilitate the relationships in trade, communication, 
technology, transfer services , and investment.  
4.9.  From bilateral front, trade exchange between the Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia and New  Zealand 
reached about SAR 3 billion in 2020. Dairy products, meat, paper , and paperboard are the most 
exported products from New  Zealand to Saudi  Arabia while fertilisers, mineral products, glass , and 
glassware are the most imported products by New  Zealand from the Kingdom of Saudi  Arabia.  
4.10.   I wish the delegation of New  Zealand a very successful Trade Policy Review.  
UNITED  STATES  
4.11.   We would like to warmly welcome the New  Zealand delegation, and complim ent the 
Government of New  Zealand on its report for its sixth  Trade Policy Review.  
4.12.   We welcome the recent arrival of Ambassador Clare  Kelly, who we are confident will continue 
New Zealand 's long record of contributions to the WTO.  
4.13.   New Zealand is a strong partner and close friend of the United  States. Our relationship is 
strengthened by a shared commitment to market -oriented and democratic principles.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.14.   As the Secretariat report notes, New  Zealand is a firm supporter of the multilateral trading 
system and re mains actively engaged at the WTO. As the Report also notes, New  Zealand has 
continued to strengthen its position as one of the most open economies in the world and has also 
updated certain elements of its trade and investment regime. New  Zealand has proac tively reduced 
and eliminated barriers on a unilateral basis. New  Zealand 's open and transparent approach to trade 
benefits New  Zealand 's citizens as well as traders and investors.  
4.15.   In addition, we acknowledge New  Zealand 's work to ensure that trade is incl usive and 
beneficial to its citizens through its Trade for All Approach. Like New  Zealand, the United  States 
believes that trade – and the WTO – should create meaningful benefits for our workers and citizens, 
and should help bring shared prosperity to all.   
4.16.   This is even more important in the face of adversity, including the impacts of the COVID -19 
pandemic, the dangers of climate change and environmental degradation, the unfair policies of 
non-market economies that are undermining the rights of our workers and rules -based trading 
system, and the actions of autocracies that threaten the fundamental rule of law. To meet these 
challenges, we must work together and remain united. New  Zealand is a key ally in this regard, as 
both a strong supporter of the  multilateral trading system and proponent of sustainable trade.  
4.17.   The United  States would like to take a moment to acknowledge New  Zealand 's strong support 
of the Trade Facilitation Agreement. We encourage New  Zealand to join the 14 other WTO Members 
as a c o-sponsor of the Proposed Ministerial Decision on Strengthening Resiliency and Preparedness 
Through Trade Facilitation to ensure that Members can have focused discussions in the Trade 
Facilitation Committee that are based on Members ' experiences and lesson s-learned during 
COVID -19, with a view to identifying best practices and making recommendations.  
4.18.   We also value New  Zealand 's leadership in WTO reform efforts as an early co -sponsor of the 
General Council proposal on Procedures to Enhance Transparency and Improve Compliance with 
Notification Requirements Obligations.  
4.19.   During the review period, New  Zealand made a number of commitments with regard to 
intellectual property (IP). We applaud New  Zealand 's progress on acceding to important intellectual 
property tr eaties, such as the Budapest Treaty; the Marrakesh Treaty; the WIPO Copyright Treaty; 
the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty; and the Berne Convention. During this period, 
New Zealand also took on a number of IP related commitments and actions as part  of FTA 
negotiations and implementation of FTA commitments.  
4.20.   During this TPR, the United  States looks forward to learning more about New  Zealand 's 
IP protections. Specifically, we would appreciate more information regarding changes to 
New Zealand 's copyrig ht system, including possible expansions of rights for performers. We also 
look forward to receiving information regarding New  Zealand 's geographical indication system.  
4.21.   The United  States values New  Zealand as a vital partner on a broad array of important trade 
initiatives. We look forward to continuing to work closely with New  Zealand in our collective efforts 
to create a more viable and durable multilateral trading system.  
4.22.   We appreciate and look forward to New  Zealand 's written responses to our questions and 
comments.  
HONG  KONG, CHINA  
4.23.   I would like to thank Ambassador Clare  Kelly and her team in Geneva for representing 
New Zealand in the Trade Policy Review meetings. I would also like to thank the discussant 
Ambassador Stephen  De Boer of Canada, f or his valuable comments, and the Secretariat for the 
comprehensive report.  
4.24.   Hong Kong,  China and New  Zealand have enjoyed long -standing and progressive trade and 
economic relations. Our bilateral trade in goods amounted to USD  1.2 billion last year, with a n 
average growth rate of 2.2% from 2017 to 2021. Hong  Kong,  China was New  Zealand 's 
nineth  largest export market and the value of our imports from New  Zealand (mainly farm products) 
was 70  times of that of our domestic exports to New  Zealand.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.25.   Hong Kong,  China and New  Zealand have been close in our trade and economic cooperation. 
Our Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, which entered into force in January  2011, is 
Hong Kong,  China 's first  free trade agreement with a foreign country. Based on this agreem ent, both 
sides signed three implementing agreements last  month to facilitate the ongoing co -operation in the 
areas of rules of origin, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and government procurement.  
4.26.   We have the following observations on New  Zealand 's trade policy regime.  
4.27.   On trade facilitation, we commend New  Zealand 's efforts in continuously improving its Trade 
Single Window platform. We also note that New  Zealand has updated its customs legislation through 
the introduction of the Customs and Excise Act  2018. The Act provides for new services and better 
supports compliance, it als o facilitates information sharing between border agencies. We are pleased 
to learn that the Act has brought along various enhancements on advance rulings, including 
declaration of provisional value for imported goods and cloud storage of business records.  
4.28.   Regarding tariff, we are pleased to note that New  Zealand has bound all of its tariff lines, and 
99.9% of its applied MFN  tariff lines carry ad valorem duties. However, we note that the simple 
average bound rate of 10.5% is noticeably higher than the curre ntly applied MFN average rate 
of 2.2%. While the gap between the bound rate and the applied rate is not utili zed, it may still pose 
some degree of uncertainties to the trade.  
4.29.   About services, we are pleased to note that New  Zealand remains one of the most o pen 
economies in the world. The services sector contributes to a significant portion of New  Zealand 's 
economy, accounting for more than 70% of its GDP. Both Hong  Kong,  China and New  Zealand have 
been actively engaging in WTO 's services discussions includin g the Joint Statement Initiatives on 
E-Commerce and Services Domestic Regulation.  
4.30.   Lastly, it would be a glaring miss if we do not mention agriculture. New  Zealand provides the 
least government support, among OECD countries, to the agriculture sector and a ll its domestic 
support measures fall under the green box. Besides, despite having an Aggregate Measurement of 
Support commitment level under the Agreement on Agriculture, New  Zealand does not use or plan 
to use such entitlement. New  Zealand 's ongoing effo rts in providing timely notifications are also 
much appreciated.  
4.31.   Both New  Zealand and Hong  Kong,  China recogni ze the importance of open markets and 
respect for trade rules. We look forward to continue working together with New  Zealand in various 
areas in the WTO. We thank New  Zealand for their answers to Hong  Kong,  China 's written questions 
and wish New  Zealand a very successful Trade Policy Review.   
MEXICO 
4.32.   Mexico extends a warm welcome to the delegation of New  Zealand, headed by Ambassador 
Clare Kelly. I  also thank Ambassador De  Boer (Canada) for his thorough analysis, and the WTO 
Secretariat for its hard work in preparing its report.  
4.33.   At the same time, I would like to acknowledge New  Zealand's firm commitment to the 
multilateral trading system, as reflect ed by the outstanding and active work of its Permanent Mission.  
4.34.   Within the WTO, we value and are grateful to New  Zealand for its leadership in the General 
Council in 2020. We also highlight its active participation in the joint initiatives on MSMEs, 
e-comm erce, services domestic regulation, investment facilitation and gender, as well as in the 
structured discussions on sustainability. Mexico and New  Zealand both agree on the importance of 
discussing these matters as a way of equipping the WTO with the tools  to address the new realities 
of international trade.  
4.35.   New Zealand's real GDP grew 3.4% annually on average between 2015 and 2019. While it 
witnessed a fall due to the COVID -19 pandemic, activity rebounded in the second half of 2020 thanks 
to fiscal policie s focused on cushioning the effects of the pandemic.  
4.36.   The high interest rates, which initially attracted significant flows of international capital, also 
had a strong impact on housing prices, making them a major challenge for New  Zealand's economy. WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  However , we are confident that the measures geared towards increasing the supply of housing will 
help to mitigate this impact.  
4.37.   With regard to the management of the COVID -19 pandemic, Mexico commends New  Zealand 
for the implementation of timely measures to effecti vely contain the spread of the virus, from actions 
to protect jobs and incomes to highly expansionary macroeconomic policies.  
4.38.   Likewise, we recognize the implementation of the "Trade Recovery Strategy", which focused 
on helping small and medium -sized enterp rises to overcome the adverse effects of the pandemic, 
by means of three pillars: (i)  broadening the support for exporters; (ii)  reinvigorating international 
trade architecture by working towards strengthening and reforming the WTO, and pursuing bilateral 
and plurilateral trade agreements; and (iii)  refreshing key trade relationships to expand market 
opportunities and achieve further trade diversification.  
4.39.   Mexico recognizes the efforts that New  Zealand has made in implementing reforms to simplify 
the foreign investment regime. However, our attention is drawn to the restrictions imposed on 
sensitive sectors, which are greater than the policy applied in comparable countries.  
4.40.   Turning to intellectual property, Mexico commends New  Zealand for its fourth -place ranking 
in The Economist's Global Illicit Trade Environment Index. We also acknowledge the new 
enforcement measures implemented, the elimination of the requirement to provide a security when 
filing a notice and the power of the Customs Service to tempor arily detain suspected counterfeit 
goods or pirated copies ex officio , with reasonable cause.  
4.41.   To conclude, we acknowledge and congratulate New  Zealand for the excellent work it has 
carried out not only to meet its commitments under the Paris Climate Change  Agreement, but also 
to commit to reducing net emissions by 50% below gross 2005 levels by 2030.  
4.42.   Lastly, we thank New  Zealand for its replies to the questions raised by my delegation and we 
wish it every success in this Review.  
CANADA  
4.43.   Canada joins other WT O Members in welcoming Ambassador Kelly and her delegation to this 
sixth Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand.  
4.44.   We thank the New  Zealand Government and the WTO Secretariat for their reports, which 
provided a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the trade an d economic environment in 
New Zealand.  
4.45.   Canada and New  Zealand are long -standing allies and partners across several key areas 
including foreign policy, trade and investment as well as security and defence . Our people -to-people 
and commercial ties continue to undergo remarkable expansion. We share a strong history of 
cooperation in multilateral fora to advance our shared values and objectives. We particularly 
appreciate working closely with New  Zealand in the Ottawa Group and other fora to advance W TO 
reform and help ensure the Organization is equipped to respond to the 21st century trading 
environment. This collaboration has become even more important today in the current global 
context.  
4.46.   Canada commends New  Zealand for having one of the most open an d successful business 
environments in the world. Whether navigating the shock of C OVID -19, facilitating trade and trade 
reforms, or transitioning to a low carbon economy, New  Zealand has demonstrated itself as a natural 
leader.  
4.47.   New Zealand is also a true proponent of free and open international trade. In addition to 
having one of the lowest average MFN applied tariff rates, new and upgraded bilateral, regional and 
plurilateral trade agreements cover over 60% of New  Zealand exports and imports. Canada would  
additionally like to recognize New  Zealand 's leadership and partnership in advancing and promoting 
inclusive trade internationally and in the Asia Pacific Region. Its Inclusive Trade for All agenda aligns 
with Canada 's priorities by advancing Indigenous t rade, women 's economic empowerment and 
sustainable development goals. As one of Canada 's key partners in the Inclusive Trade Action Group WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  (ITAG), the Global Trade and Gender Arrangement (GTAGA) and the historic Indigenous Peoples 
Economic and Trade Coopera tion Arrangement (IPETCA), New  Zealand and Canada work hand in 
hand to ensure that the benefits of international trade and investment are widely shared within 
economies, particularly with women, indigenous peoples and micro, small and medium enterprises. 
Canada congratulates New  Zealand for its role as host of APEC  2021.  
4.48.   New Zealand 's concerted open plurilateralism approach works to bolster and revitalize the 
rules-based system resulting in joining plurilateral joint statement initiatives and agreements, w hich 
creates pathways for multilateral reforms. Furthermore, we should commend New  Zealand on its 
commitment to transparency by meeting all of its obligations.  
4.49.   Canada recognizes New  Zealand 's commitment to becoming a world leader in fighting climate 
chang e and transitioning to a zero -carbon economy. It has enshrined into law a target of net zero 
emissions by 2050 and committed to reducing net greenhouse emissions by 50% below gross 2005 
levels by 2030. Canada appreciates New  Zealand 's efforts to support ac tions to phase out or 
rationalize inefficient fossil fuel subsidies.  
4.50.   Furthermore, Canada values the resolute steps New  Zealand has taken in response to 
Russia n Federation' s war of aggression against Ukraine. This conflict has severe humanitarian and 
economic implication, including for trade in agricultural products, and we appreciate New  Zealand 's 
co-sponsoring the Joint Statement on Open and Predictable Trade in Agriculture and Food Products.  
4.51.   Canada deeply values its close relations hip with New  Zealand and looks forward to deepening 
our collaboration and mutual understanding in areas of common interest. Specifically, Canada is 
interested in New  Zealand 's plans pertaining climate initiatives such as carbon and methane 
emission reducti on schemes, support for transitional fuel, efforts to eliminate fossil fuel subsidies, 
and restrictions on oil and gas exploration. Canada is also seeking clarification on provisions for 
intellectual property and copyright protection including Indigenous i nterests and participation.  
4.52.   In closing, Canada wishes the delegation every success during this Trade Policy Review and 
would like to reiterate its appreciation for the opportunity to share our views.  
AUSTRALIA  
4.53.   Australia 's relationship with New  Zealand is one of our warmest, oldest,  and most 
comprehensive. We are close and enduring allies in support of a free and open global rules -based 
order.  
4.54.   New Zealand is Australia 's seventh  largest two -way trading partner and is the third  largest 
investment destination for Australia, reflecting the high level of economic integration between our 
two countries. The Australia New  Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement (ANZCERTA), 
which underpins this trading relationship, is a truly ground -breaking ag reement – it was the first 
trade agreement in the world to include trade in services. At nearly forty years of age, it remains 
one of the most comprehensive bilateral free trade agreements in existence.  
4.55.   The Single Economic Market (SEM) that exists between  Australia and New  Zealand continues 
to encourage trade and investment across the Tasman, in a seamless regulatory environment. In 
recent years, work under this mechanism has helped mitigate the challenges created by the 
COVID -19 pandemic, including the pr essures on supply chains and border closures.  
4.56.   Outside of our bilateral relationship, Australia also appreciates New  Zealand 's invaluable 
contribution to the global rules -based trading system. New Zealand 's policy creativity has left a 
significant and positive mark on that system. An example is New  Zealand 's initiative, with others, in 
agreeing the Trans -Pacific Economic Partnership Agreement (P4), which was the nucleus for the later 
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans -Pacific Partnership (CPTPP).  
4.57.   Australia and New  Zealand work closely together to encourage outward -looking, rules -based 
regional and global trading partnerships. In 2009, both countries signed the 
ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Agreement, with the aim o f forging closer economic links 
with ASEAN economies. We also commend New  Zealand on its ratification of the Regional 
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, which entered into force earlier this year.   WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.58.   Australia and New  Zealand are also working han d-in-hand with our Pacific family to drive 
economic recovery and sustained prosperity through expanded trade and commercial opportunities. 
We are parties and contributors to the Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations Plus (PACER 
Plus) free trade an d development cooperation agreement, which came into force in December  2020. 
This agreement will support Pacific Island countries to become more active participants in global 
trade, creating opportunities for growth, jobs and increasing living standards.  
4.59.   We welcome New  Zealand 's ongoing commitment to the WTO and its contribution to the 
Organization 's two organi zing norms of rules and openness. We also welcome New  Zealand 's efforts 
towards achieving successful outcomes across the MC12 agenda, particularly it s constructive support 
for small group work to achieve progress on agriculture.   
4.60.   As a fellow member of the Cairns Group, we thank New  Zealand for its commitment to 
multilateral agricultural trade reform, particularly in encouraging WTO Members to reduce t rade 
distorting agriculture measures to sustain economic growth and food security across the globe.   
4.61.   We commend New  Zealand 's contribution to safeguarding and strengthening the WTO. Like 
Australia, it is one of 13  members of the Ottawa Group, which is see king constructive solutions on 
WTO reform and improvements to the multilateral trading system. New  Zealand is an important 
contributor to all four  Joint Statement Initiatives, and an active participant in discussions on trade 
and gender and trade -related e nvironment issues at the WTO. As a party to the Multi -Party Interim 
Appeal Arbitration Arrangement, we thank New  Zealand for its continued commitment to a 
functioning dispute settlement system.  
4.62.   We wish New  Zealand well in its Trade Policy Review.  
BRAZIL  
4.63.   Brazil would like to thank the Government of New  Zealand for engaging in its sixth  Trade 
Policy Review and providing Members with an overview of the country 's economic performance and 
commitment to the multilateral trading system.  
4.64.   We would also like  to express our appreciation to the WTO Secretariat for its thorough and 
comprehensive report, as well as to you, Chair, and the discussant, H.E. Ambassador Mr  Stephen 
De Boer, from Canada, for your contribution to a successful trade monitoring exercise.  
4.65.   Brazil attaches significant importance to trade policy reviews, especially to ensure greater 
transparency and predictability for trade stakeholders. The COVID -19 pandemic and its impact on 
the global economy and international trade are additional elements t hat reinforce the relevance of 
this review.  
4.66.   In this regard, Brazil would like to highlight New  Zealand 's response to and strong economic 
recovery from the COVID -19 pandemic, due to the adoption of fiscal policy measures and a positive 
contribution from the  country 's main exports, which shows that, even under challenging 
circumstances, trade may play a critical role in promoting economic growth and development.  
4.67.   Moving on to WTO issues, Brazil commends New  Zealand 's strong commitment to an open 
and rules -based multilateral trade system. We note with satisfaction the ratification of the Trade 
Facilitation Agreement and the accession to the Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) by 
New Zealand in 2015, as well as its strong record of notifications.  
4.68.   We also highlight New  Zealand 's active and constructive engagement in the Joint Statement 
Initiatives on E -Commerce, Service Domestic Regulation and Investment Facilitation for 
Development. Brazil shares the view that the plurilateral negotiations are a promising venue for 
reinvigorating WTO 's negotiating pillar and that the JSIs can deliver concrete results that respond 
to business needs, as shown by the conclusion of the SDR negotiations last year.  
4.69.   Regarding our bilateral relations, trade flows between Brazil and  New Zealand are still modest 
compared to its potential, having reached US D 149.8  million in 2021, up from US D 138.5  million 
in 2020. Brazil 's imports from New  Zealand are mainly tourism and education services, followed by WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  starches, raw aluminium , and dairy products. On the other hand, Brazil 's exports to New  Zealand 
include mineral oil and fuels, cellulose, machinery, sugar , and coffee.  
4.70.   We look forward to working with New  Zealand to further develop bilateral relations in areas 
such as science, innovati on, and education and to expand trade and investment flows.  
4.71.   Brazil and New  Zealand have been working together in the WTO to uphold and reform the 
multilateral trading system. We share some of New  Zealand 's priorities heading towards the MC12, 
such as achi eving meaningful outcomes regarding WTO reform and the reduction of trade and 
production -distorting subsidies in the agriculture sector.  
4.72.   Brazil thanks New  Zealand for the written replies to our questions, which focus on aspects of 
its investment policy tha t are of interest to us, such as the decision to exclude, since 2018, ISDS 
provisions from FTAs. The replies were forwarded to our capital for examination and follow -up. 
4.73.   We wish New  Zealand a successful Trade Policy Review.  
JAPAN  
4.74.   Japan welcomes the delega tion of New  Zealand to this Trade Policy Review, headed by 
H.E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Permanent Representative to the WTO of New  Zealand in Geneva. 
Japan would like to offer our appreciation to the WTO Secretariat and to the Government of 
New Zealand, fo r their respective reports submitted for this review. We also thank and commend 
the discussant, Ambassador De  Boer of Canada, for his insightful remarks.  
4.75.   We commend that New  Zealand further develops and enhances its standing, as one of the 
most open econom ies in the world, one in every four its domestic jobs are export -related sectors.  
4.76.   Today, we would like to highlight three issues.  
4.77.   First, on our bilateral economic relations. New Zealand and Japan have traditionally 
maintained a friendly economic relation. We welcome that our bilateral trade increased on a 
three -year-average term, after, for the first time in 2018, CPTPP brought in the benefits of free trade 
arrangements to the economic transactions of our two countries. We hope to further deepen o ur 
economic relations.  
4.78.   Second, on our regional cooperation. New Zealand and Japan have long collaborated for and 
contributed to the expansion of a free and fair economic zone in the Asia -Pacific region. We hope to 
continue cooperating, including through A PEC, for a further development of transparent and 
market -oriented economic and trade regime in the region.  
4.79.   Japan hopes that New  Zealand would play a leading role, as a co -chair of this year and the 
chair of the next year of the CPTPP Committee, in maintain ing the high standards, the spirit and the 
principles of the Agreement.  We also look forward to cooperating with New  Zealand for ensuring a 
full implementation of the RCEP Agreement, which came into effect this year.  
4.80.   Japan appreciates New  Zealand 's effort s which contribute to the promotion of open trade, 
including the conclusion this February of its FTA negotiation with the United  Kingdom, and its 
ongoing negotiations with the EU, India, and the Pacific Alliance. We believe that the FTAs signed by 
New Zealand will further complement and strengthen the multilateral trading system.  
4.81.   Third, we would like to highlight timely and strong leadership New  Zealand has exhibited in 
the multilateral trading system, including through chairing various WTO bodies. In this regard, we 
would also like to renew our appreciation to the service Ambassador Walker rendered to the WTO, 
in his capacity as the GC Chair and as facilitator on important agenda.  
4.82.   We continue to cooperate with New  Zealand so as to deliver at the coming MC, results that 
would maintain business’s trust in the WTO.  
4.83.   Also, in the current geopolitical situation arising from an attempt to change the status quo by 
force, we value our close cooperation with New  Zealand, for ensuring the functioning of the MTS, WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  which stands on the mutual trust among Members based on respect for sovereign and territorial 
integrity thereof.  
4.84.   New Zealand became a party to the Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) in 
August  2015. In December of the same year, negotiations to expand the scope of the Information 
Technology Agreement (ITA) were concluded. We have high expectations for New  Zealand's 
activities as a strong partner in maintaining and strengthening the multilateral trading system with 
the WTO at its core.  
4.85.   Japan consi ders that a utilization and promotion of negotiations by like -minded Members is 
vital for improving the negotiating functions of the WTO. We value the active participation of 
New Zealand in the Joint Statement Initiatives (JSIs), including those on E-Comme rce, Investment 
Facilitation for Development, and MSMEs.  
4.86.   Lastly, we would like to touch upon foreign investment regime of New  Zealand. In 
New Zealand, while foreign investments are permitted, in principle, without restrictions, we note 
that investment in risk assets with price fluctuations needs to be approved.  Since 2020, foreign 
investment cap has been placed in some business sectors such as aviation and telecommunications.  
On the other hand, during the review period, there has been improvements such a s simplifying the 
foreign investment regime and improving transparency.  We expect that New  Zealand will continue 
to maintain a favourable  investment environment.  
4.87.   In conclusion, Japan appreciates New  Zealand 's constructive contribution to the MTS and its 
active participation in today 's TPR. We wish the delegation of New  Zealand a successful and fruitful 
Trade Policy Review.  
CHILE  
4.88.   Chile would like to extend warm greetings to our friends from New  Zealand and especially to 
its Ambassador, Clare  Kelly, with who m I had the pleasure of working almost 25  years ago, very 
early on in her career.  
4.89.   We would also like to acknowledge the work carried out by both the Secretariat and 
New Zealand in preparing the respective reports. We commend Ambassador Stephen De  Boer for 
his work as discussant.  
4.90.   It is difficult to find a closer relationship between two countries that are so far from one 
another, although some say that we are neighbours separated by a very wide border. It is precisely 
this Pacific  Ocean that unites us and th rough which we share cultures and nations. This affinity is 
naturally replicated in this Organization, within which we share common goals. Such goals include 
the protection of our seas, and this is why 20  years ago, both countries, as "Friends of Fish", 
proposed the most ambitious agreement possible to effectively eliminate the subsidies that cause 
so much damage to fisheries resources. Time will tell whether what we are able to achieve in the 
coming weeks will fulfil this objective or not.  
4.91.   Chile and New  Zealand are two economies open to the world that share a common vision in 
their integration strategies and are promoters of free trade, with both continually seeking to 
coordinate on the major issues on the international agenda. We are also convinced of the importance 
of inclusive trade that brings prosperity to all, without leaving behind women, indigenous peoples, 
our innovators, young people and MSMEs. It is no coincidence that, two years ago, both countries, 
together with Canada, signed the Global Trade a nd Gender Arrangement, aimed at promoting 
policies and opportunities to increase female participation in trade.  
4.92.   Today, we are also interested in New  Zealand's experience with citizen involvement in trade 
issues, particularly the "Trade for All" initiative.  
4.93.   Bilaterally, both countries, together with Singapore and Brunei  Darussalam, signed the 
Economic Partnership Agreement in 2005, which is also known as the P4. It was designed as a 
strategic alliance to comprehensively confront the challenges associated wit h large markets and their 
dynamics, especially in Asia. This innovative agreement was the basis of a process for even greater WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  integration, the Trans -Pacific Partnership (TPP), which led to the Comprehensive and Progressive 
Trans -Pacific Partnership.  
4.94.   Two years ago, together with Singapore, New  Zealand and Chile signed up to the first Digital 
Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), a world pioneer of this kind that was born out of our 
common interest in benefiting the smaller economies and providing more opport unities for our 
citizens, especially MSMEs.  
4.95.   In addition, we are both active members of the Asia -Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), 
where we seek greater regional economic integration through cooperation and the sharing of good 
practices, creating a free and open trade and investment regime. In this connection, we commend 
New Zealand for its success as host of APEC 2021, with the forum enabling members to go into 
depth on matters such as recovery from COVID -19, support for the multilateral trading system a nd 
the WTO, inclusiveness and sustainability.  
4.96.   At the WTO level, Chile and New  Zealand also have broadly similar visions, supporting a strong 
multilateral trading system based on transparent and non -discriminatory rules, which provides 
predictability for al l stakeholders, including in the agricultural sector, as members of the Cairns 
Group. As a result, we also participated in the joint initiatives on investment facilitation, MSMEs, 
services domestic regulation and e -commerce, as well as in the structured di scussions on 
environmental sustainability.  
4.97.   This Trade Policy Review has taken account of the efforts made by the Government of 
New Zealand to manage the impact of COVID -19, with a focus on human health and emphasis on 
recovery, laying the groundwork for th e future in areas such as the energy transition, housing and 
childcare.  
4.98.   Along these lines, we highlight New  Zealand's energy strategy, which includes plans and new 
legislation to tackle climate change, as well as its progress in research, science and innov ation. We 
are also interested in the progress shown during the review period in digital services and trade, 
which has led to the development of new policies and architecture to support sustainable and ethical 
growth and innovation in digital technologies a nd services.  
4.99.   In connection with this Trade Policy Review exercise, Chile submitted questions in areas such 
as, inter alia, investment, anti -dumping and countervailing measures, financial services and regional 
trade agreements. We are grateful for the repli es to these questions.  
4.100.   Lastly, we wish New  Zealand a successful sixth  Trade Policy Review.  
EUROPEAN  UNION  
4.101.   On behalf of the European  Union, I would like to warmly welcome H.E.  Ms Clare Kelly, 
Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the WTO, and the delegation of New  Zealand and 
thank the WTO Secretariat and the Government of New  Zealand for their comprehensive reports, 
which will serve as a basis for our discussions. My appreciation i s extended to the discussant, 
Ambassador H.E.  Mr Stephen  De Boer (Canada), for his introductory remarks.  
4.102.   Today's world is changing rapidly, and unfortunately not for the better. In the very recent 
past, we have seen, among other things, a global recession caused by the health crisis, and in the 
last three  months, the return of war in Europe.  
4.103.   In such a context, the European  Union would like to commend New  Zealand 's unwavering 
commitment to openness and to the rules -based international order, demonstrated by  its swift 
reaction to the Russian  Federation's  illegal, unprovoked and unjustified war of aggression against 
Ukraine. Together, we stand strong in our solidarity with the Ukrainian people in the face of these 
acts of violence.  
4.104.   With these introductory rem arks, let us now return to the subject of today's meeting, the 
Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.105.   As the Secretariat 's report emphasized, trade is a strong driver of the post -pandemic 
economic recovery. New  Zealand continues to be a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system 
and remains actively engaged in the WTO. Also, it signed multiple new trade -related agreements 
since its last Trade Policy Review in 201 5. The EU in particular welcomes New  Zealand 's accession 
to the WTO 's GPA.  
4.106.   We also congratu late New  Zealand on the conclusion and entry into force of the 
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans -Pacific Partnership, for which New  Zealand 
acts as the repository, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership. These are 
two significant regional trade agreements that - while differing in scale and ambition - both carry 
the flag of promoting the rules -based agenda and closer regional integration through trade.  
4.107.   The EU and New  Zealand are long -standing partners with strong and he althy commercial 
ties. The EU is New  Zealand 's fourth trading partner and New  Zealand 's second source of imports 
and our two -way investments are significant. At the time of New  Zealand 's sixth Trade Policy Review 
today, our relationship is stronger than ev er. Since New  Zealand’s last review at the WTO, we have 
strengthened ties by entering into a partnership agreement containing a number of economic and 
trade cooperation rules and we opened negotiations for a high -quality modern Free Trade Agreement 
in 2018 . Our relationship will grow stronger and deeper still with what we have set ourselves to 
jointly achieve by finali sing our FTA talks as soon as possible.  
4.108.   I also wish to convey the EU's appreciation for New  Zealand's significant contribution to the 
multil ateral trading system by promoting solutions to strategic issues such as on WTO reform or the 
multilateral response to the pandemic. We also appreciate our excellent cooperation and 
New Zealand 's active engagement as likeminded country on other key issues of common interest, 
such as the Multi -Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement. New  Zealand has also played a 
proactive and pioneering role in international trade policy development on innovative and 
progressive, inclusive and sustainable trade partici pating in a number of joint initiatives and 
plurilateral processes. I would like to highlight especially in this context New  Zealand 's leading role 
in the plurilateral initiative on fossil fuel subsidy reform which the EU co -sponsored.  
4.109.   In acknowledging Ne w Zealand's exceptionally strong record, there are some areas though 
where we would like further clarification or information. I will mention just two of the issues raised 
by the EU in the questions submitted ahead of this TPR and that we find particularly  important. One 
is related to the decisions taken by Kiwifruit New  Zealand, and the other covers the pricing of 
agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. We thank New  Zealand for the timely replies to our questions 
that we will study closely.  
4.110.   To conclude, th e EU applauds the transparency of New  Zealand's trade policies and its 
continued engagement in the multilateral trading system.  
4.111.   On behalf of the EU, I wish New  Zealand a successful review, being confident that all 
suggestions and feedback provided by Memb ers during this exercise will be well received.  
SINGAPORE  
4.112.   Let me begin by conveying my warmest greetings to Ambassador Clare  Kelly and her team. 
We thank New  Zealand for its comprehensive Government Report and Statement. We would also 
like to express our appreciation to the Chair Ambassador Ángel Villalobos (Mexico), the discussant 
Ambassador Stephen  De Boer (Canada), as well as the Secretariat for their insigh tful reports and 
statements. Allow me to make three points.  
4.113.   First, Singapore and New  Zealand enjoy excellent and long -standing political and economic 
relations. Both Singapore and New  Zealand are small, outward -looking countries, and we share a 
similar str ategic outlook and bilateral collaboration is multi -faceted and wide -ranging. Singapore and 
New Zealand have made excellent progress in the Enhanced Partnership, which was established in 
May 2019 through a Joint Declaration signed by Singapore P rime Minister Lee Hsien  Loong and 
New Zealand P rime Minister  Jacinda  Ardern. Both sides have since developed 26  bilateral 
cooperation initiatives covering the four pillars of: (a)  trade and economics ; (b) security and 
defence ; (c) science, technology and innovation ; and (d)  people -to-people links. On the trade front, 
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  was Singapore 's first and New  Zealand 's second bilateral FTA. This Agreement, which entered into 
force more than 20 years ago, has been reviewed and upgraded no less than three times and has 
brought significant mutual benefits. For example, Singapore is New  Zealand 's fifth largest trading 
partner, and bilateral trade volume grew by over 8% to US D 3 billion in 2021, despite the challenges 
posed by the COVID -19 pandemic.  
4.114.   As like -minded partners, Singapore and New  Zealand have also embarked on pathfinder 
initiatives to promote global trade and con nectivity. At the outset of the COVID -19 pandemic, 
Singapore and New  Zealand responded expeditiously to resist protectionist tendencies, ensure that 
trade continued to flow unimpeded and keep critical infrastructure such as air and seaports open. 
To this e nd, Singapore and New  Zealand kickstarted a bilateral Declaration on Trade in Essential 
Goods against the backdrop of the COVID -19 pandemic on 20  March  2020, which was concluded in 
just 10 days after the WHO declared COVID -19 as a global pandemic. This Dec laration later 
expanded to become a plurilateral statement that included 11 other countries such as Australia, the 
United  Arab Emirates, and Uruguay. This was later complemented by the Singapore -New Zealand 
Air Freight Project, or SNAP, which helped regula rise trade flows and support the flow of essential 
supplies at a time when supply chains were disrupted across the world.  
4.115.   Second, Singapore looks forward to deepen and expand our collaboration with New  Zealand 
on a wide -range of issues including digitalis ation and green economy. We note that New  Zealand is 
developing a Digital Strategy, which centres  around the themes of trust, inclusion and growth. 
Singapore and New  Zealand are also partners, together with Chile, in of the Digital Economy 
Partnership Agre ement (DEPA) that entered into force in December  2020. Overall, these initiatives, 
coupled with New  Zealand 's participation in the Joint Statement Initiative (JSI) on E -Commerce, will 
enable the development of a more resilient economy, expand opportunities  in the digital economy, 
and help build the foundation for post -pandemic economic recovery and future growth. Singapore 
also looks forward to rejuvenating our bilateral collaboration, including in supply chain cooperation 
and the climate change and green e conomy, which has now been institutionalised as a new pillar 
under our Singapore -New Zealand Enhanced Partnership.  
4.116.   Third, on the multilateral front, New  Zealand and Singapore are both steadfast supporters 
of the WTO. As small, trade -dependent countries, Singapore and New Zealand rely on the WTO to 
strengthen the rules -based multilateral rules -based trading system so that might does not become 
right and provide predictability and stability for global trade to grow. Hence, New  Zealand has often 
punched above its weight at the WTO and played a constructive role. Singapore also commends 
New Zealand 's active participation in the development of the Multi -Party Interim Arrangement 
(MPIA) and the JSIs to revitali ze the WTO 's dispute sett lement and negotiations functions 
respectively. In addition, New  Zealand is working tirelessly with Members to ensure the WTO’s 
relevance in the 21st century. For example, New  Zealand is an active proponent in the environmental 
initiatives at the WTO, incl uding the Informal Dialogue on Plastics Pollution and Environmentally 
Sustainable Plastics Trade (IDP) and Trade and Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussions 
(TESSD).  
4.117.   In conclusion, as a fellow like -minded Member  Singapore looks forward to cont inue working 
closely with New  Zealand, Ambassador Clare  Kelly and her team to further strengthen our bilateral 
economic ties, and to jointly contribute to the continued success of the WTO. Let me end by saying 
Noho ora mai (all the best in Māori ) to New  Zealand and wishing it every success for its sixth  Trade 
Policy Review . 
SWITZERLAND  
4.118.   I would like to join others by extending a warm welcome to New  Zealand 's delegation led by 
H.E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly. I would also like to thank H.E.  Mr Stephen  De Boer (Canada) for his 
valuable observations as a discussant, and the Secretariat for its substantive contribution to this 
review.  
4.119.   It is a great pleasure for me to take the floor on this occasion, as Switzerland would like to 
commend New  Zealand for its ge nerally excellent economic performance since the last TPR in 2015. 
The pandemic of course also had its effect on the economy of New  Zealand, affecting particularly 
the tourism sector, but also other parts of the economy. However, recovery seems quicker tha n 
expected, also thanks to New  Zealand 's open economy in all sectors of trade.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.120.   We would also like to congratulate New  Zealand for its outstanding contributions to the 
multilateral trading system. We would particularly like to underline New  Zealand 's remar kable 
engagement in the joint statement initiatives, in particular in the field of trade and environment. 
Switzerland and New  Zealand share many common interests and positions in this area, as shown in 
our respective participation in the Agreement on Clima te Change, Trade and Sustainability (ACCTS). 
We are looking forward to further fruitful cooperation with New  Zealand in the field of trade and 
environment.  
4.121.   We also raised some questions in the framework of this TPR. Regarding tariffs, we noted that 
applied  rates exceed bound rates for two tariff lines. This remains however marginal and by no 
means reflects New  Zealand 's outstanding open economy. We also noted a quasi -monopoly  on 
exports of kiwi fruits to markets other than Australia and were wondering wheth er there is any plan 
to abolish this quasi -monopoly in the near future.  
4.122.   In order to conclude, I would like to take this opportunity to commend New  Zealand for its 
constructive role at the WTO.  
4.123.   We wish New  Zealand constructive and fruitful exchanges in the  context of this Trade Policy 
Review.  
PHILIPPINES  
4.124.   The Philippines warmly welcomes and congratulates the delegation of New  Zealand led by 
Ambassador Clare  Kelly on their sixth Trade Policy Review. We also thank Ambassador 
Stephen  De Boer of Canada for his insightful comments as discussant, and the WTO Secretariat for 
a comprehensive Report.  
4.125.   The Philippines also associates itself with the ASEAN statement to be delivered by Cambodia 
highlighting the strategic partnership between New  Zealand and the ASEAN.  
4.126.   The Philippines and New  Zealand enjoy a long -standing bilateral relationship since the 
establishment of our diplomatic relations in July  1966. Through the years, we have witnessed the 
growing breadth and depth of Philippines -New Zealand bilateral cooperation, particularly in the areas 
of trade and investments, defence  and security, health, development cooperation, and cultural 
engagements. The broad spectrum of our bilateral relations is underpinned by enduring 
people -to-peopl e ties with tens of thousands of Filipinos in every profession and employment level 
being considered among the largest group of skilled migrants in New  Zealand.  
4.127.   In 2021, New  Zealand ranked as the Philippines ' 28th trading partner in the world with total 
bilateral trade amounting to USD  510.91  million. Among the Philippine top exports to New  Zealand 
are bananas, pineapples, carrageenan, and lead -acid used for piston engines. While Philippine top 
imports from New  Zealand include milk and cream, fats and oils , and buttermilk.  
4.128.   The Philippines recognizes New Zealand 's new Trade for All Agenda and its Trade Recovery 
Strategy, which included: (i)  broadening the support for exporters; (ii)  working towards 
strengthening and reforming the WTO and pursuing trade agre ements; and (iii)  refreshing major 
trade relationships to achieve further trade diversification.  
4.129.   Since the last Trade Policy Review in 2015, New  Zealand added 4 new regional trade 
agreements (RTAs) to its network, which currently consists of 13  RTAs involving 29  economies, 
including the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to which the Philippines is a 
party, together with other ASEAN members.  
4.130.   New Zealand is a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system and an active Member of 
the WTO. It notably took leadership roles as chairs of various WTO bodies, including the General 
Council in 2020, and promoted and participated in discussions on joint initiatives such as, the micro, 
small, and medium -sized enterprises, e -commerce, services do mestic regulation, investment 
facilitation, trade and gender, and trade and climate.  
4.131.   The Philippines notes the significant developments in the economic policies of New  Zealand, 
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  Review. Our delegation has submitted advance written questions and we thank the delegation of 
New Zealand for its timely responses.  
4.132.   In closing, the Philippines looks forward to further enhancing the mutually beneficial 
economic relations between New  Zealand and the Philippines in the bilateral, regional, and 
multilateral fora.  
SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU  
4.133.   On behalf of the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen,  and Matsu ; I would 
like to exte nd our warm welcome to the New  Zealand delegation, led by Ambassador Clare K elly, for 
its sixth Trade Policy Review. I would also like to express our sincere thanks to the discussant, 
Ambassador Stephen De Boer, for his in -depth introduction, as well as to  the WTO Secretariat for 
their hard work in preparing the reports.  
4.134.   During the review period of 2015 -21, New  Zealand maintained its position as one of the most 
open economies in the world. According to the latest World Competitiveness report issued by the 
Institute for Management Development,  New Zealand ranked the 20th among the 64  economies. 
This remarkable achievement results from some of its main strengths such as having an effective 
legal system, keeping the stability of policy, and maintaining a business -friendly environment. Before 
the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand's real GDP grew 3.4% annually on average between 2015 
and 2019. By adopting a substantial fiscal policy response concentrating on mitigating the negative 
effects of hous eholds and businesses resulted from the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand 's 
economy rebounded strongly in the second half of 2020. Since June  2020, New  Zealand has also 
adopted the Trade Recovery Strategy to help businesses to overcome the economic disruption s 
brought by the COVID -19 pandemic. It includes broadening the support for exporters, reinvigorating 
international trade architecture by strengthening and reforming the WTO and refreshing key trade 
relationships.  
4.135.   On its participation in the multilateral t rading system, New  Zealand actively engages in the 
works of the WTO, including participating in negotiations, monitoring functions and dispute 
settlements. We are pleased that New  Zealand supports WTO 's discussions on new issues such as 
MSMEs, e -commerce, disciplines on domestic regulation and investment facilitation for development, 
to update the rule book of the WTO. We are also pleased that New  Zealand supports the Agreement 
on Trade Facilitation, endorses the expansion of the Information Technology Agre ement (ITA  II) and 
recognizes the need of reforming and strengthening the WTO.  
4.136.   On the bilateral front, we have enjoyed stronger economic ties with New  Zealand since the 
entry into force of our bilateral Agreement on Economic Cooperation in 2013. We are no w 
New Zealand 's 13th largest trading partner. In 2021, the value of our goods exported to New  Zealand 
has peaked an all -time-high record, amounted to NZD 1.1 billion. Under this Agreement on Economic 
Cooperation, we have initiated many new cooperation proj ects such as women entrepreneur 's online 
fora, as well as indigenous peoples ' economic and trade cooperation.  
4.137.   We note that New  Zealand is a party to two  major regional FTAs, i.e., the CPTPP and the 
RCEP. We also note that New  Zealand has concluded certain  new types of agreement such as the 
Digital Economy Partnership Agreement, which covers various important aspects of digital trade. We 
commend New  Zealand 's intention to upgrade its existing trade agreements while we also recognize 
the value of upgrading t rade framework to cope with the emerging trade issues.  
4.138.   In conclusion, we commend New  Zealand on its achievements and its projection going 
forward. We look forward to deepening our bilateral economic and trade relations. We wish 
New Zealand a very successful and constructive review.  
COLOMBIA  
4.139.   We extend a warm welcome to the delegation of New  Zealand, headed by Ambassador 
Clare Kelly, Permanent Representative to the WTO, and also send our greetings to our colleagues 
and friends from the delegation.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.140.   We highly appreciate the detailed analysis and comments provided by the discussant, 
Ambassador Stephen De  Boer of Canada, as well as the work carried out by the Secretariat and the 
New Zealand authorities in preparing their reports for this Trade Policy Revi ew. 
4.141.   Allow me to take this opportunity to thank New  Zealand for its readiness to respond to the 
questions raised by Colombia as part of this Review. The questions cover a wide variety of subjects, 
such as fiscal policy, trade remedies, export restrictions, incentives and some important concerns 
related to the phytosanitary requirements for agricultural products imported into New  Zealand from 
its trading partners, including Colombia.  
4.142.   Colombia and New  Zealand established diplomatic relations several decades ag o and share 
many common goals. Like us, New  Zealand is a producer and exporter of food to the world, and a 
member of the negotiating group of the Cairns Group, in which we call for open, fair and undistorted 
trade as one of the potential solutions for food  security.  
4.143.   New Zealand has been an active observer to the Pacific Alliance, which includes Colombia, 
Chile, Mexico and Peru, since 2012.  
4.144.   New Zealand is a serious and proactive participant in the multilateral system. It has also 
participated actively in the  negotiations on market access for services and in the design of new 
standards in this sector. In addition, the country has been a firm defender of an agreement that 
seeks to limit and reduce the use of distorting subsidies in agriculture and fisheries, a matter on 
which it is closely associated with Colombia.  
4.145.   New Zealand also joined the Ministerial Statements among various subsets of WTO Members 
seeking to make headway in the work on e -commerce, services domestic regulation, investment 
facilitation, MSMEs,  women 's economic empowerment and fossil fuel subsidy reform.  
4.146.   We therefore recognize this Member's commitment to the multilateral trading system and 
its fundamental principles. We also acknowledge and appreciate the country's active participation in 
the on going negotiations and the functioning of the regular bodies.  
4.147.   Trade relations between Colombia and New  Zealand are close. In 2021, NZD  63 million worth 
of goods were traded bilaterally. Colombia's exports stood at NZD  19 million (coffee, pharmaceutical 
products, flowers and fungicides) and its imports from New  Zealand exceeded NZD  44 million (gas 
turbine parts, ozone therapy apparatus, paper and paperboard).  
4.148.   Companies from New  Zealand are focusing on Colombian opportunities in agro -industry, food 
processing, retail (food and beverages and fuels), construction, aviation and health. New  Zealand's 
agro-industry technology, particularly in the dairy sector, has the potential to support the Colombian 
sector in increasing its productivity and profitabili ty. 
4.149.   Recent support from New  Zealand in Colombia has brought us significant investment in rural 
development, including an agricultural extension training project delivered by the Agribusiness 
Group in association with the National Apprenticeship Service, an d a watershed management project 
delivered by Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research in the department of Cauca. New  Zealand also 
works with the HALO Trust to provide humanitarian de -mining assistance in Colombia, and with the 
International Red Cross and the UN agency for refugees to provide humanitarian assistance to 
Venezuelans.  
4.150.   I would like to conclude by wishing New  Zealand and its delegation a successful Trade Policy 
Review. We extend our warm appreciation to the team in Geneva for the cooperative relationsh ip 
between our two  Missions. We reiterate our ongoing support for the work of Ambassador Clare  Kelly; 
Alison Hamilton, Deputy Permanent Representative; and the entire team in Geneva . 
ARGENTINA  
4.151.   We would like to join Members in welcoming the delegation of New  Zealand, headed by 
Ambassador Clare  Kelly.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.152.   We also thank the Government of New  Zealand and the Secretariat for their reports, which 
have enabled us to deepen our understanding of this Member's trade practices. Furthermore, our 
thanks go t o Ambassador Stephen De  Boer of Canada for his comments and observations.  
4.153.   New Zealand is a valued trading partner of Argentina. In recent years, trade between our 
countries has increased significantly. Between 2016 and 2021, the value of our bilateral trad e rose 
from USD  118.9  million to USD  208.9  million. According to the provisional data for 2021, Argentine 
exports amounted to USD  183.2  million and imports to USD  24.9 million. Our main exports to 
New Zealand are animal feed, vehicles and vehicle parts, fr uit and vegetables, seeds, and fats and 
oils. In turn, New  Zealand provides us with machinery and mechanical equipment, optical appliances, 
paper and paperboard, electrical apparatus and pharmaceutical products.  
4.154.   Despite being the second largest exporter to  New Zealand from Latin  America, bilateral trade 
is still far from reaching its potential, influenced by the geographical distance and competition in 
certain export products. However, we consider that there are significant opportunities to expand 
trade.  
4.155.   Moreover, it should be highlighted that Argentina is interested in strengthening ties in the 
area of cooperation. We are of the view that cooperation in promoting agricultural technology 
companies, as well as in development -related experiences, is of mutual benefit to our countries.  
4.156.   We also highlight the recent resumption of the Working Holiday programme. We consider 
that this programme is key for personal exchanges and better understanding among our young 
people.  
4.157.   Turning to New  Zealand's economic situation, it should be noted that, after a number of 
years of steady growth, the economy contracted by 3% in 2020. Argentina welcomes the 
containment -focused health measures and the expansionary macroeconomic policies, which have 
allowed for a strong reco very, protecting workers' incomes and jobs.  
4.158.   Argentina greatly appreciates New  Zealand's contributions to the rules -based multilateral 
trading system and its active participation in the activities and bodies of the WTO. We would 
particularly like to highlig ht its multilateral efforts since 1986 to continue the agricultural trade 
reform process as a valued member of the Cairns Group.  
4.159.   New Zealand's excellent notification record should also be mentioned. It has submitted over 
300 notifications to the WTO since 2015, demonstrating its serious commitment to transparency.  
4.160.   As part of this Trade Policy Review, we have submitted a series of questions to New  Zealand 
on, inter alia, import prohibitions and restrictions, tariff measures, the "Trade Recovery Strategy", 
the "Trade for All" programme and the Customs and Excise Act  2018. We thank New  Zealand in 
advance for its replies, which will be duly studied by our authorities in Buenos  Aires.  
4.161.   To conclude, we reiterate our appreciation of this renewed opportunity to excha nge 
reflections on this Member's trade practices. We wish the delegation of New  Zealand a successful 
conclusion to this Review . 
UKRAINE  
4.162.   On behalf of the Ukrainian delegation, I would like to warmly welcome the distinguished 
delegations of New  Zealand led b y H.E. Clare Kelly Permanent Representative to the WTO.  
4.163.   We appreciate the significant work of the Chair, the WTO Secretariat, discussant 
H.E. Mr. Stephen  De Boer and the Government of New  Zealand to prepare to this Review.  
4.164.   Ukraine welcomes the opportunity to participate in the sixth  Trade Policy Review of 
New Zealand.  
4.165.   We are very grateful to New  Zealand for the continued assistance and standing with Ukraine 
in these terrifying times and not remaining indifferent in the face of the unprecedented  and illegal 
aggression of the Russian  Federation.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.166.   We highly value New  Zealand 's principal position on Ukraine 's sovereignty and territorial 
integrity, as well as active diplomatic efforts to support Ukraine in its fight against the aggressor.  
4.167.   New Zealan d and Ukraine share common commitment to the rules -based international order 
that was undermined by the disastrous impact of the full -scale war, launched by the 
Russian  Federation . The war continues to cause huge human suffering and economic losses, to 
destroy infrastructure and to block Ukrainian seaports, to affect the world economy and international 
trade, threatening food security.  
4.168.   We are extremely thankful to New  Zealand for expressing its solidarity with the people of 
Ukraine and condemning R ussian  Federation 's military assault on Ukraine at the various WTO 
meetings as well as for participation in the joint statements, circulated in support of Ukraine.  
4.169.   We would also like to recognize New  Zealand’s efforts to promote open and predictable 
agricultural tr ade and for co -sponsoring appropriate Joint Statement aimed, among other things, at 
achieving global food security.  
4.170.   Ukraine remains grateful for New  Zealand 's contribution to the multilateral trading system 
and appreciates our cooperation within the WTO.  
4.171.   We are looking forward to continue working with New  Zealand and other WTO Members to 
deliver substantial outcomes at the MC12, including to avert negative repercussions of 
Russia n Federation' s military aggression against Ukraine on trade, development and fo od security.  
4.172.   Development of further partnership between our countries at bilateral level is also a matter 
of great importance for Ukraine.  
4.173.   In 2021, Ukrainian – New Zealand trade in goods increased by 23 % compared to 2020 and 
amounted to USD  35.4 million,  trade in services raised by 39 % compared to the same period and 
amounted to USD  1.2 million.  
4.174.   These indicators of bilateral trade demonstrated its positive dynamics for both countries. 
Russian  Federation's  invasion of Ukraine has placed unprecedented pressure on trading system, 
extreme uncertainty in financial markets, including the currency markets.  
4.175.   We are convinced that regardless the disaster in Ukraine made by Russian Federation's  
aggression and availab le challenges, we can continue strengthening our trade and economic 
relationship.  
4.176.   Further increase in trade in goods and services, enhancing collaboration between the 
businesses of our countries are the priority areas of our future bilateral cooperation i n the economic 
area. 
4.177.   Given the importance of this TPR exercise, Ukraine raised some questions to New  Zealand.  
4.178.   In particular, we are interested in finding out more about New  Zealand 's policy regarding the 
promotion of innovative practices in aquaculture industry and tourism sector, financial assistance to 
farmers participating in an emissions pricing scheme, advice on collaboration in the IP area.  
4.179.   We also take note of New  Zealand 's generous support to LDCs and a number of developing 
Members th rough granting reduced tariffs under its GSP. We consider trade liberalization, including 
through preferential tariff treatment, as of extreme importance for recovery of our economy after 
the R ussian  Federation -brought destructions and support for future e conomic growth. Therefore,  we 
posed questions concerning particularities of New  Zealand 's GSP and its current review process.  
4.180.   I would like to express our gratitude for the written responses to our questions and we wish 
the delegation of New  Zealand a very  successful Trade Policy Review.  
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  CHINA  
4.181.   I would  like to thank Ambassador Clare  Kelly for leading the delegation of New  Zealand to 
this Trade Policy Review and appreciate the Government of New  Zealand for the preparation work. 
I would also like to express my gratitude to the discussant, Ambassador Mr  Stephen De  Boer for his 
insightful comments and guiding questions. Many thanks also go to you, Chair, and the Secretariat 
for the valuable contribu tion to this Review.  
4.182.   Let me start by commending New  Zealand for its continuing development achievements 
during the review period. As mentioned in the Secretariat report, the economy of New  Zealand grew 
at an average annual rate of 3.4%, even with the negat ive impact of the C OVID -19 pandemic on its 
exports and imports of goods and services.  
4.183.   China welcomes the continuous efforts of the New  Zealand Government in trade and 
investment liberalization. The Trade for All Agenda and a set of reforms to simplify its  foreign 
investment regime are very impressive. Apparently, New  Zealand 's economic openness and 
international trade contribution play important roles in supporting its economic performance. This 
might be the most vivid illustration that openness instead of  protectionism or unilateralism is the 
right path leading to prosperity.  
4.184.   On the multilateral front, China highly commends the firm commitments and continuous 
contribution of New  Zealand to the rules -based multilateral trading system, especially in the most  
difficult situation, when the WTO is facing the biggest existential challenges since its establishment. 
In this regard, we want to express our sincere thanks to New  Zealand 's leading role in this 
Organization. Among them, I just name a few, such as the GC  Chair, the DSB Chair and the 
Facilitator of WTO response to the pandemic.  
4.185.   This year marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between 
China and New  Zealand. Over the past half a century, New  Zealand has been several "first" in China 's 
bilateral relationships with developed countries. It is the first developed country China signed the 
Free Trade Agreement with, and both sides witnessed the fast development in our bilateral trade 
relations. Bilateral economic and trade cooperat ion in 2021 exceeded pre -pandemic levels in all 
respects, with the bilateral trade increasing by 36.4% year on year to US D 24.72  billion. China 
continues to be New  Zealand 's largest trading partner since 2015, accounting for nearly 30 % of 
New Zealand 's total exports of goods and services.  
4.186.   On 7 April 2022, the Protocol on Upgrading the Free Trade Agreement between China and 
New Zealand came into effect. It further improves access to the Chinese market for New  Zealand 
exporters and reflects the new trends in trade and business models between the two  countries. New 
commitments made in the upgraded FTA further facilitate New  Zealand 's exports to China, and 
reduce compliance costs for New  Zealand exporters. A range of non -tariff issues have been 
address ed, such as a six -hour limit on customs clearance of perishable goods and proper storage 
while pending release.  
4.187.   While recognizing that New  Zealand launched a broad reform to simplify its foreign 
investment screening regime, we note that New  Zealand has exp anded the coverage of high -risk 
transactions and sensitive assets, which has in some way created uncertainties for normal business 
activities such as investment acquisition, etc. We hope that New  Zealand could ensure its foreign 
investment screening regime  continues to be transparent, predictable, and non -discriminatory, and 
give confidence to investors to invest in New  Zealand.  
4.188.   Finally, we would like to once again thank the New  Zealand delegation for their timely 
responses to our questions and wish this R eview a complete success.  
UNITED  KINGDOM  
4.189.   Let me welcome the delegation of New  Zealand, represented by Ambassador K elly to this, 
New Zealand 's sixth Trade Policy Review. And what better week to be doing it, when we are both 
celebrating Her Majesty The Queen 's Platinum Jubilee.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.190.   The United  Kingdom is grateful to New  Zealand and the WTO Secretariat for producing their 
respective reports. I wish also to expresses our thanks to you, Chai r, and to our discussant, 
Ambassador De Boer, for ably facilitating this review and setting the scene so well.  
4.191.   Before delving into the detail, let me underline how much the United  Kingdom values 
New Zealand 's partnership inside this house. That ranges from the multilateral agenda - where we 
have be nefitted from New  Zealand 's recent stewardship of processes across dispute settlement, the 
DG selection process and health – to the plurilateral agenda, where New  Zealand 's inject energy and 
pragmatism across the Joint Initiatives.  
4.192.   A concrete foundation b eneath that active work, we deeply value your partnership on 
protecting the integrity of the international rules -based system, both inside and outside the WTO. 
Most recently that has meant demonstrating our joint solidarity with Ukraine, in the face of the  illegal 
Russian  Federation  invasion - where your position here has been reinforced by new policy back 
home, including on sanctions.  
4.193.   It goes without saying that New  Zealand and the United  Kingdom enjoy a close and historic 
relationship. Even after the last  cricket test series. In 2021, total trade between the UK and 
New Zealand was worth GBP 2.5 billion, having grown 13% between 2014 and 2019. In 2020 alone, 
UK foreign direct investment in New  Zealand was worth GBP 900 million and almost 6,000 UK SMEs 
expor ted goods to New  Zealand, employing well over 200,000 people. There are also significant 
similarities between our economies, in which services represent the lion 's share of GDP economic 
activity.  
4.194.   Turning to the Reports, let me salute New  Zealand 's advocacy  for mutually supportive trade 
and environment outcomes. And we should all be thankful to New  Zealand for highlighting the 
disproportionate impact of the COVID -19 pandemic on women and girls, including through extra 
unpaid care work, increased gender -based  violence, and economic disparity and insecurity. It is right 
and proper to draw attention to these important areas.  
4.195.   New Zealand 's Report also highlights the adoption in 2018 of the Trade for All Agenda. The 
moderni zation of public participation in trade policy development is something we should all be 
learning from - to ensure that trade continues to innovate, and deliver for 21st century business and 
society.  
4.196.   As outlined in the Secretariat 's Report, the United  Kingdom congratulates  New Zealand for 
updating and moderni zing its customs legislation. As the Report rightly acknowledges, New  Zealand 
remains one of the most open economies in the world. Indeed, such are New  Zealand 's efforts to 
innovate, it consistently tops the World  Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index – an accolade that we 
are certainly aspiring to, as we also seek to use trade and regulation to boost growth and jobs.  
4.197.   On 28  February, New  Zealand and the United  Kingdom took their bilateral relationship to a 
new level, signi ng a comprehensive, modern Free Trade Agreement, which sets the pace for FTAs 
globally.  
4.198.   This is a deal that will remove 100% of tariffs without exception, and we expect that the FTA 
will increase UK trade with New  Zealand by almost 60%. And through the mo dern rules of origin 
agreed, businesses will be able to better take advantage of tariff elimination without the need to 
significantly change their supply chains.  
4.199.   As well as protection for investors and cutting -edge data and intellectual property rules, th is 
modern partnership will set the stage for greater cooperation on issues such as climate change and 
digital trade.  
4.200.   And the agreement also includes a ground -breaking Environment Chapter which reinforces 
our commitments from Paris and Glasgow, and our eff orts to meet net zero through greening global 
trade. It will, of course, liberalise tariffs on a large list of environmental goods and encourage trade 
and investment in low carbon services and technology.  
4.201.   It also upholds high standards and fosters collaboration on shared challenges, such as 
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  of future growth, security and innovation to help the UK and New  Zealand thrive in a changing world. 
To New  Zealand’s credit, the agreement also recogni zes the importance and value of Māori to 
New Zealand 's economy and society, and the unique relationship between the UK, New  Zealand, 
and Māori.  
4.202.   We look forward to presentin g this deal jointly to the CRTA, and hope some of the provisions 
can inspire others. We also welcome New  Zealand 's very constructive approach to the UK 's ambition 
to accede to the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans -Pacific Partnership.  
4.203.   In closing, let me thank Clare and her New  Zealand colleagues here and back home for their 
continued engagement in this review Body and for their invaluable contribution to this Organi zation, 
to effective multilaterism, and the cause of open and free trade. We wish New  Zealand a fruitful 
sixth Trade Policy Review.  
THAILAND  
4.204.   Thailand would like to associate itself with the ASEAN statement to be delivered by 
Ambassador Kemvichet  Long of Cambodia.  
4.205.   It is our pleasure to participate in the sixth Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand and to 
welcome the delegation of New  Zealand led by Ambassador Clare  Kelly. 
4.206.   We would like to thank you Chair for your introductory remarks. Our appreciation also goes 
to Ambassador Stephen  De Boer of Canada, for his insightful comments as discussant an d the 
Government of New  Zealand and the WTO Secretariat for the comprehensive reports.  
4.207.   First of all, Thailand and New  Zealand have had a strong bilateral relationship since the 
establishment of diplomatic relations in 1956. As an economy where agriculture,  food, and tourism 
play a major role, Thailand and New  Zealand have many things in common. While Thailand has 
rubber, fruits, and rice as top agricultural exports, New  Zealand’s answers to those are dairy 
products, meat, and wool. For both countries, touri sm contributed significantly to GDP and 
employment before suffering from the impact of the pandemics and has now been on the road to 
recovery.  
4.208.   Thailand and New  Zealand also have close economic and trade relations as both counties 
have successfully conclude d several bilateral and regional trade agreements namely, Thailand -New 
Zealand Closer Economic Partnership (TNZCEP), Agreement Establishing the 
ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA) and Regional Comprehensive Economic 
Partnership (RCEP) to expand the bilateral trade and investment opportunities.  
4.209.   In terms of merchandise trade, the average total trade value between the two  countries 
in 2021 amounted to approximately USD  2.72 billion which expanded by 39.87% from 2020 (highest 
growth rate in 11  years) . Thailand hopes to expand the bilateral trade exchanges with New  Zealand, 
particularly in agricultural sector, which Thailand still faces difficulties in complying with 
New Zealand 's strict SPS requirements and we look forward to further dialogue and cooperation with 
New Zealand on this issue.  
4.210.   Thailand commends New  Zealand 's efforts in modernizing her trade policies and regulations 
across the board which have helped the country respond to new and emerging trade issues. Thailand 
also notes New Zealand 's "Trade Recovery Strategy " launched in 2020. By virtue of the strategy, 
coupled with effective fiscal and monetary policy management, New  Zealand could attain strong and 
quick economic recovery from the pandemic with GDP growth rate of 5.6% in  2021 according to 
Statistics New  Zealand.  
4.211.   We also welcome New  Zealand 's "Trade for All " scheme, introduced in 2018, which provides 
an opportunity for all New  Zealanders, including Māori  to benefit from trade.  
4.212.   Tourism is another sector where Thailand and N ew Zealand could collaborate. Thailand notes 
that New  Zealand has adopted a holistic approach to build resilience for the sector after the pandemic 
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  Furthermore, Thailand w ould appreciate further collaboration in education and agriculture and food 
technology where New  Zealand has strong expertise.  
4.213.   Last but not least, Thailand applauds New  Zealand for her substantial contribution to the 
work of WTO. New  Zealand has always bee n a strong supporter of the open and rule -based 
multilateral trading system and participated actively in various discussions/negotiations, including 
Agriculture, as an active member of Cairns Group, the WTO reform, and several plurilateral 
initiatives. Tha iland commends New  Zealand 's consistent support of equitable access to COVID 
vaccines for all, not least by her active participation in the TRIPS waiver negotiation. Moreover, it 
would be remiss of Thailand not to mention one of the iconic figures of the WTO, Ambassador 
David  Walker  of New  Zealand, for his leadership role as a Chair of Dispute Settlement Body in 2019 
and Chair of General Council in 2020 and, most recently, as a facilitator in the WTO Response to the 
Pandemic which resulted in the highly acclaimed "The Walker 's text " and Thailand looks forward to 
the meaningful outcome on this issue for the upcoming MC12.  
4.214.   In this review, Thailand has submitted questions on New  Zealand's trade and economic 
policy, particularly on New  Zealand 's agricultural, services, and investment regi mes especially on 
Investor -State -Dispute Settlement. We thank New  Zealand for having responded to our questions.  
4.215.   In closing, Thailand appreciates New  Zealand's active engagement in the WTO and able 
leadership of Ambassador Clare  Kelly. We look forward to e nhancing the cooperation between our 
two missions. Finally, Thailand wishes New  Zealand a successful sixth Trade Policy Review.  
OMAN  
4.216.   It is a great pleasure for the delegation of the Sultanate of Oman to participate in the 
sixth Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand and we join other WTO Members in welcoming the 
distinguished delegation of New  Zealand headed by H.E.  Mrs Clare Kelly, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative of New  Zealand to the WTO, as well as her distinguished team.   
4.217.   I would like to take this opportunity to thank the WTO Secretariat and the Government of 
New Zealand for their detailed and comprehensive Trade Policy Review Reports. I also thank the 
discussant H.E . Mr. Stephen De  Boer, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Canada to the 
WTO.   
4.218.   The Sultanate of Oman and New  Zealand enjoy a friendly relationship. We look forward to 
continuing engagement on trade issues.  
4.219.   The total volume of commercial bilateral trade between New  Zealand and Sultanate of Oman 
in 2021 was about USD 47 million, the total import was around USD 37 million and the total exports 
was about USD 9 million.  
4.220.   Oman congratulates New  Zealand as one of the most open economies in the world, the 
simple average app lied MFN tariff rate was 2.2% in 2021 (2.4% in 2014).  
4.221.    New Zealand considers trade as critical for its prosperity and seeks to ensure that trade is 
inclusive. New  Zealand has developed its new trade strategy, the Trade for All Agenda and also 
adopted the T rade Recovery Strategy.  
4.222.    Since last Review, many issues have been changed, New  Zealand has updated and 
modernized its customs legislation, has launched a broad reform to simplify its foreign investment 
regime and has enhanced the coverage of high -risk tra nsactions. On IP, New  Zealand acceded to 
four new WIPO treaties.  
4.223.   New Zealand is a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system and remains actively 
engaged at the WTO. It took leadership roles as chairs of various WTO bodies.  
4.224.   As the international com munity recovers from the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand 
supports a temporary TRIPS waiver on COVID -19 vaccines.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.225.   New Zealand became the first  country in the world to pass legislation requiring all listed 
companies and large financial institutions to report  on their climate related risks as key priority for 
the New  Zealand Government is responding to climate change, supporting sustainability and 
ensuring a just transition to a low carbon economy.  
4.226.   As we are approaching from MC12, Oman looks forward to New  Zealand continuing 
contributions and constructive role in the WTO.  
4.227.   In the end, I would like to thank the delegation of New  Zealand in advance for their replies 
to our questions on specific aspects of its trade policy.  
4.228.   To conclude, the delegation of Oman wishes the delegation of New  Zealand a very successful 
sixth Trade Policy Review.  
ECUADOR  
4.229.   First of all, Ecuador would like to welcome the delegation of New  Zealand, led by its 
Permanent Representative to the WTO, Ambassador Clare  Kelly, and the other members of its 
diplomatic mission who are joining us. My delegation would also like to express its gratitude to the 
WTO Secretariat and New  Zealand for the reports that they have submitted and for the responses 
given to the questions from Member States. I would similarly like to acknowledge the work of the 
Ambassador of Canada, Mr Stephen De  Boer, as the discussant in this exercise.  
4.230.   Ecuador joins the others in congratulating New  Zealand for its effective management of the 
health crisis caused by COVID -19. As shown in the Report, sound economic management, combined 
with its response to the pandemic, afforded the country greater resilience in the face of the 
emergency.  
4.231.   This exercise has given us the opportunity to review the figures on trade between 
New Zealan d and Ecuador, and we note that we still have horizons to expand and opportunities to 
explore in order for trade to increase to the benefit of both countries. If we compare levels with 
other nations in the geographical area of New  Zealand and Ecuador, we m ight need to work on 
promoting trade in the near future. Ecuador therefore hopes that our countries will extend our 
commercial ties, and we believe that there is potential for identifying areas of trade that would 
benefit our economies, which need to diver sify the markets with which they interact.  
4.232.   In this vein, I would stress that Ecuador sees the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement 
for Trans -Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) as an ideal arena in which to expand our economic and trade 
relations with not only New Zealand, but also other countries party to the Agreement. Ecuador 
formally submitted its application to join the Partnership in December last year and we eagerly await 
approval of our application as soon as the relevant procedures have been completed.  
4.233.   In addition, my delegation would like to know more about the policies introduced by 
New Zealand to promote innovation and create a climate that encourages private enterprise, as 
outlined in the reports under review. The questions that Ecuador has put to Ne w Zealand for the 
purposes of this trade policy review concern the investment and dispute settlement mechanism, 
deals involving sensitive land and the grant scheme in the context of foreign investment.  
4.234.   To conclude, I wish to underscore that we share New  Zealand's commitment to a multilateral 
system of effective, efficient and active trade, and that we are also actively participating in 
negotiations in areas such as agriculture and fisheries subsidies. Agricultural products are an 
important component of the trade balance of both countries and their economies, thanks to efficient 
private sectors. We therefore share the goal of eliminating subsidies that can cause market 
distortions, including in agricultural markets.  
4.235.   I once again congratulate the delegation of  New Zealand for participating in this review and 
wish them every success with it . 
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  ICELAND  
4.236.   It is with pleasure that Iceland welcomes the distinguished delegation of New  Zealand to 
their Trade Policy Review today. We also express appreciation to the WTO Secretariat as well as 
New Zealand for the reports prepared, as well as to the discussant, H.E.  Mr Stephen De  Boer, for 
the excellent framing of the issues for our discussion today.  
4.237.   Since the last Trade Policy Review, New  Zealand, has continued to stre ngthen its position as 
one of the most open economies in the world and a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system. 
We appreciate New  Zealand 's active engagement in the WTO.  
4.238.   Our countries have a history of working together to advance and strengthe n global trade 
rules. More than twenty  years ago, we were among a group of WTO Members that established the 
informal group known as "Friends of fish " – advocating for an agreement to prohibit harmful fisheries 
subsidies. An endeavour that we hope will bear  fruit at the upcoming MC12.  
4.239.   We work closely together under the Ministerial Statement on Fossil Fuel Subsidies Reform 
and the Environmental Sustainability Structured Discussions. We are among six  WTO Members that 
are currently engaged in negotiations for a n ambitious pathfinder Agreement on Climate Change, 
Trade and Sustainability.  
4.240.   And as one of the co -chairs of the Informal Working Group on Trade and Gender, Iceland 
appreciates New  Zealand 's constructive participation and the good cooperation our countrie s have 
on trade and gender.  
4.241.   This work is particularly pertinent in the current global environment. COVID -19 related 
challenges continue to be felt and have been recognized to unevenly impact societies and 
populations. The economic and trade impacts of the  pandemic have had a disproportionately adverse 
impact on women.  
4.242.   The same applies to the consequences of the military aggression of the Russia n Federation  
against Ukraine, which Iceland condemns in the strongest possible terms. Russia n Federation' s 
brutal invasion has compounded the economic vulnerabilities of Ukrainian women. And according to 
Oxfam – women will bear the brunt of the looming food crises which has been exacerbated by the 
invasion.  
4.243.   It is therefore important to address women 's economic empower ment at the WTO. Doing so 
will benefit economies in concrete ways by having a positive effect on trade and contributing to 
increased economic growth.  
4.244.   This fact is well recognized by New  Zealand, and we welcome its new trade strategy, Trade 
for All Agenda, were New  Zealand aims for an inclusive trade policy that will benefit all – including 
women.  
4.245.   The sharing of best practices of respective experiences relating to policies and rulemaking 
on advancing women 's economic empowerment is an important element of ou r work.  
4.246.   In the spirit of supporting relevant data gathering in this field, Iceland has submitted in 
advance written questions on the participation of women in the economy of New  Zealand. We 
welcome the replies as the answers will be useful in gathering be st practices in the promotion of 
gender -equality within trade.  
4.247.   Finally, Iceland once again appreciates New  Zealand 's firm support to the multilateral trading 
system and its active engagement in the WTO. We wish the delegations of New  Zealand every 
success for their Trade Policy Review.  
URUGUAY  
4.248.   Uruguay would like to extend a warm welcome to the delegation of New  Zealand, led by 
Ambassador Clare  Kelly, on the occasion of the sixth  review of its trade policies. We thank Ms  Kelly WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  for her p resentation. We also express our thanks to the Secretariat for its comprehensive report and 
to the Ambassador of Canada, Stephen De  Boer.  
4.249.   Our countries have maintained important ties of friendship for several decades. We both 
have a similar production structure, based on exports of high -quality food to the rest of the world. 
This is why we cooperate closely on matters related to agriculture, livestock and agro -industry, and 
have reaffirmed this cooperation through the bilateral agreement that  we signed in 2019. Since both 
our countries are very highly focused on dairy production, we have submitted a question on the new 
Dairy Industry Restructuring Act, which affects the operations of Fonterra Co -operative Group 
Limited in particular.  
4.250.   At the mu ltilateral level, we are members of the Friends of Fish Group and have co -sponsored 
ambitious proposals to curb harmful subsidies for high seas fishing. These proposals are set out in 
the Chair's text. In that vein, we are calling for a substantive agreeme nt to curb such measures after 
more than 20  years of negotiations.  
4.251.   We are also founding members of the Cairns Group. We share a great deal of ambition in 
terms of reforming commitments in agriculture in preparation for the Twelfth Ministerial Conference, 
which will begin in the coming days.  
4.252.   In these two areas, I would like to acknowledge and express my appreciation for the hard 
work of Ambassador Kelly and her team on coordinating positions and for constantly maintaining a 
constructive approach when respond ing to our demands in this pillar of the negotiations.  
4.253.   New Zealand is part of the Informal Working Group on Micro, Small and Medium -sized 
Enterprises (MSMEs), and we see in this sixth  Review that New  Zealand has incorporated most of 
the recommendations agr eed upon by the Group. This issue is consistently mentioned in every trade 
policy described in the Government's report. I would like to highlight the support for digital training 
as part of the post -pandemic recovery, the links between MSMEs and indigenous  peoples, trade 
facilitation measures related to customs procedures and the Inclusive Trade Action Group initiative. 
In this regard, we have asked a question about how the Trade for All agenda functions, especially in 
the MSME internationalization process.  
4.254.   We both agree that the WTO plays a central role in the rules -based multilateral trading 
system, and we share the need to ensure that it remains relevant in the future and can rise to any 
occasion. That is why we are working hard to guarantee that the outc ome of this Ministerial 
Conference reflects this vision.  
4.255.   In closing, we would like to reiterate our appreciation for this new opportunity to discuss 
New Zealand's trade practices and we look forward to continued cooperation on all fronts – bilaterally 
and here in the WTO.  
4.256.   Thank you and best wishes for a successful Review . 
TÜRKIYE 
4.257.   We welcome the delegation of New  Zealand headed by Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Permanent 
Representative of New  Zealand to the WTO.  
4.258.   We thank the Secretariat and the Government of New  Zealand for their detailed reports as 
well as discussant Ambassador Stephen De  Boer of Canada for his invaluable remarks.  
4.259.   Since its previous review, New  Zealand continued to be one of the most open economies in 
the world.  
4.260.   Economic and monetary policies ha ve supported its economic resilience although the 
pandemic had a strong impact in the country.  
4.261.   We believe that newly developed Trade for All Agenda and Trade Recovery Strategy will not 
only generate a sustainable and inclusive trade environment but also wi ll assist to overcome the 
economic and social consequences of the pandemic.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.262.   We commend New  Zealand 's active participation in negotiations, discussions and work of the 
WTO regular bodies. We are also pleased to see New  Zealand 's participation in all the jo int statement 
initiatives.  
4.263.   Türkiye would like to further expand the depth and scope of its ties with the Asia -Pacific 
countries through its Asia Anew policy.  
4.264.   We see New  Zealand as an important partner to explore possibilities which could enhance 
our cooperation in the Asia -Pacific region.  
4.265.   In order to increase the bilateral trade volume and investments, we believe that we should 
explore the potential cooperation areas.  
4.266.   We consider that benefit ting from both countries ' expertise in relevant areas such  as 
agriculture, animal husbandry, construction and tourism would advance our economic and trade 
relations.  
4.267.   We believe that an easier and timely visa facilitation mechanism would encourage 
businesspeople  to develop interest in trade and investment.  
4.268.   In conclusion, we would like to take this opportunity to thank Ambassador Kelly and her able 
team for the excellent preparation for this review, as well as their constructive contributions to WTO 
activities.  
4.269.   We wish New  Zealand a successful Trade Policy Review . 
INDIA  
4.270.   Let me begin my statement by extremely warm welcome the delegation of  New Zealand , led 
by H.E. Clare Kelly,  Ambassador and Permanent Representative of New  Zealand to the WTO.  
4.271.   India is pleased to participate in the sixth  Trade Policy Review of New Zealand , and I would 
like to commend the WTO Secretariat and the Government of New Zealand  for their comprehensive 
reports . I would also take this opportunity  to thank the discussant H.E. Ambassador Stephen De  Boer 
for his insightful remarks . 
4.272.   India and New Zealand share warm and cordial relations underpinned by the growing 
bilateral trade and investment flows and expanding people -to-people linkages . Both  India and 
New Zealand are vibrant and multicultural democracies,  and these sha red principles  lay a sound  
foundation for further strengthening our bilateral t ies. In recent years, the leadership of  both 
countries have shown  significant interest in innovating all aspects of the relationship to the next 
level.  
4.273.   Prime  Minister  Arden  and Prime  Minister Modi in the ir last bilateral meeting have discussed 
steps to in tensify p olitical,  economic,  defence, security,  and people -to-people relations . Our bilateral 
trade  has maintained a ste ady growth with trade volume of about USD 1.5 billion  in 2021. 
4.274.   Despite the global economic slowdown due to the pandemic, Indian exports have recorded 
an increase in 2021 compared to the previous year and this includes sectors such as 
pharmaceuticals, machinery , pearls , precious stones , metal, textiles, etc.  
4.275.   Besides bilateral trade, two-way investments, particularly Indian investment in New  Zealand 
have been growing  in recent years . Several Indian firms, especially  Indian IT companies, have made 
investments in New  Zealand. The cumulative investment inflows in to India from New  Zealand stands 
at about USD  8 billion . While our trade and investment ties are m aintaining  a steady growth , there 
is a significant potential for expanding and diversifying it . We remain committed to harness the full 
potential of our trade  and economic ties.  
4.276.   As noted in the Secretariat Report, despite witnessing a contraction by 2.1% in the ir GDP 
in 2020, mainly due to the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand's economy has w eathered  the WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  pandemic really well. In this regard, I would like to compliment the Government of New  Zealand for 
the creative Trade Recovery Strategy adopted by them in this regard.  
4.277.   We also note that the adoption of various legislative amendments and updates in key poli cy 
measures  undertaken by the Government of New  Zealand during the review period, notably in the 
areas in the areas of customs regulation, intellectual property regime, SPS, and also competition 
framework to name a few . In this regard, we also would like t o highlight that New  Zealand's st ringent  
SPS and regulatory requirements have posed challenge s to our exporters in several areas such as 
food and pharmaceuticals , to name a few.  
4.278.   Furthermore, several other non -tariff barriers like administrative and licensi ng requirements, 
quantitative restrictions, labelling,  etc. remain obs tacles to further expanding our bilateral trade . We 
hope that New  Zealand Government will continue to review its policy and the regulatory framework 
to address these concerns . We have submitted a number of written questions to New  Zealand during 
this TPR in these areas and we wait for the responses which will be reviewed by our capital.  
4.279.   Finally,  we acknowledge the participation of New Zealand in various pillars of work in the 
WTO, both of our countries share a commitment for a strong and effective multilateral trading 
system,  and w e look  forward to working closely with New Zealand in assuring balanced outcomes in 
the ongoing  negotia tions, particularly in view of the ensuing MC12.  
4.280.   I wish the delegation of New  Zealand a productive and successful Trade Policy Review.  
MAURITIUS  
4.281.   We warmly welcome the New  Zealand delegation led by H .E. Clare Kelly, Ambassador and 
Permanent Representative t o the WTO, for their sixth Trade Policy Review.  
4.282.   We thank both New  Zealand and the Secretariat for their respective reports that provide 
updated information on the trade and trade related measures implemented by New  Zealand during 
the period under review.  
4.283.   We also take this opportunity to thank Ambassador De  Boer, Permanent Representative of 
Canada, for his insightful remarks and comments as discussant, that provide added value to the 
review.  
4.284.   We commend the New  Zealand authorities for the various measures ado pted and 
implemented to recover from the effects of the pandemic and to stay on a path of sustainable growth.  
The wide consultations carried by the Government of New  Zealand in view of supporting exporters, 
reforming the WTO and refreshing trade agreement s are testimony to the country 's inclusive 
approach to policy development as well as its commitment to a rule -based and open trading system.  
4.285.   Mauritius supports New  Zealand 's approach and congratulates the latter for also taking 
meaningful steps towards greening its economy. Their goal to reduce emissions by 50% by 2030 is 
highly commendable. Indeed, trade and sustainable development are inextricably linked and must 
be addres sed in a coherent manner. As a small island developing state, we wish to emphasize our 
reliance on a clean environment and our fight against global warming and  take this opportunity to 
thank New  Zealand for its consistent support in pursuing the SIDS agend a in multilateral fora.  
4.286.   Mauritius and New  Zealand share excellent relations and a number of similar characteristics. 
We are both relatively small countries, surrounded by the ocean, rely on our human capital as our 
main asset, and we both are strong suppor ters of open trade and investment. We wish to further 
build on such similarities that provide excellent opportunities to upscale our cooperation on trade 
and investment through the establishment of new trade and economic cooperation agreements. This 
will n o doubt add new dimensions to our resilient relations, as reflected by the fact that trade 
exchange between our two countries remains unaffected by the pandemic.  
4.287.   We believe that Mauritius and New  Zealand could significantly increase bilateral trade and 
improve the trade balance which is largely in favour of New  Zealand. Furthermore, given our 
exposure to ocean resources, Mauritius and New  Zealand may cooperate in areas such as fisheries, WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  aquaculture, and blue economy. It is in this respect that the Mauritiu s authorities have proposed a 
cooperation instrument on fisheries.  
4.288.   Services is an increasingly important sector of the global economy and Mauritius as a 
service -oriented economy looks ahead to collaborate with New  Zealand on a number of services 
products, particularly for tourism and financial services which are important sectors of both our 
economies. For instance, Mauritius being an internationally recogni zed financial centre can be a 
platform for New  Zealand companies looking to structure their investmen ts on Africa and through 
the region.  
4.289.   We are also glad to note that New  Zealand is rapidly progressing in the area of intellectual 
property both through accession to new WIPO treaties and by taking new IP commitments in its 
FTAs. Mauritius has recently take n the path of moderni zing its IP environment and we would welcome 
further collaboration on IP projects and initiatives between our two  countries.  
4.290.   We commend the role of New  Zealand in the multilateral trade system, including at the WTO. 
As we move closer t o MC12, we look forward to working closely with the New  Zealand delegation for 
a balanced and effective outcome on the various issues under discussions as well as in the promotion 
and consolidation of a balanced and equitable rule -based multilateral tradin g system.  
4.291.   Let me conclude  by wishing New  Zealand a successful Review.  
JAMAICA  
4.292.   Jamaica is delighted to participate in the sixth Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand, which 
provides an opportunity to exchange with the delegation headed by H .E. Clare Kelly, Permanent 
Representative to the WTO. We thank you Chair for the arrangements for the meeting, and commend 
our discussant, Ambassador Stephen De  Boer, for setting the stage for today 's review exercise. We 
also appreciate the comprehensive reports pre pared by the Government of New  Zealand and the 
Secretariat.  
4.293.   Jamaica and New  Zealand continue to enjoy mutually fruitful relations, including an active 
trading relationship. Although Jamaica has consistently recorded a trade deficit with New  Zealand, 
over t he last three  years, there has been a gradual decline in the trade deficit. This may be attributed 
to both the reduction in the level of imports from New  Zealand as well as a gradual increase in 
Jamaica 's exports of rum and other spirits to the country. Ja maica notes that scotch bonnet pepper 
has been included as a hyper -regional food trend on New  Zealand 's Par Avion "Top 25 Food Trends 
for 2020 " and welcomes the opportunity to increase its exports of sauces and condiments to the 
country.  
4.294.   Jamaica appreciate s the support provided by the Government of New  Zealand through 
technical assistance for the anti -dumping investigation procedures; training in rules of origin; advice 
on the implementation of Jamaica 's revised foreign trade policy, and conducting trade ne gotiations. 
We believe there is tremendous scope for revived cooperation in several areas, such as climate 
change, disaster risk management, environmental management and the management of land as a 
resource.  
4.295.   We note positively that during the review period , New  Zealand recorded robust economic 
growth, with exports and imports accounting for 55% of GDP. Although impacted by the COVID -19 
pandemic, the implementation of sound policy measures by the Government is facilitating the 
country 's rapid and strong reco very from the crisis. We commend the government 's health -led 
approach to the pandemic, as well as fiscal support to businesses and households through its 
COVID -19 Response and Recover Fund. These measures aimed at safeguarding lives and livelihoods 
of its people.  
4.296.   We, however, note that there remain challenges to the services sector, particularly 
international education and tourism, as well as the impact of cumulative stresses on smaller 
businesses. The ongoing efforts by the Government to alleviate these sector -specific difficulties 
should be supported. The Government has also pledged its commitment to responsible, transparent 
and prudent fiscal management, so as to ensure stable prices and maximum sustainable WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  employment. To this end, we are encouraged by the authorities ' positive outlook on future economic 
growth and note positively that annual average real GDP projected to be 4.9% in 2023.  
4.297.   Jamaica welcomes the high importance accorded by New  Zealand to its participation in the 
rules-based mu ltilateral trading system. The Government 's report indicates that one in every four 
New Zealander is involved in export -related work and that trade is an important driver of 
productivity, employment and incomes. As such, respect for trade rules remain cruc ial for trade to 
flow smoothly, predictably and freely. We view favourably the indications that New  Zealand 's free 
trade agreements are also underpinned by WTO rules. Jamaica further applauds the entry into force 
of the WTO 's Trade Facilitation and provisi on of financial resources to support the participation of 
developing countries, in particular Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in various technical 
negotiations, as well as Aid for Trade (AfT). We also commend the Government’s advocacy for the 
participatio n of small island developing states and LDCs in international and intra -regional trade.  
4.298.   We appreciate the Government 's focus on ensuring that trade is inclusive and sustainable. 
We note New  Zealand 's ongoing effort to transition to a low -carbon economy th rough the 
implementation of the 2019 Climate Change Response Amendment Act, and other legislation which 
will allow businesses and public institutions to become more energy efficient.  
4.299.   These and other activities augur well for the strengthening of the multi lateral trading system, 
and ensuring that the benefits of trade redounds to all WTO Members.  
4.300.   The Government, in its report, highlighted its successful hosting of the APEC meeting 
in 2021, which agreed to support a reinvigorated WTO, and the need to secure  meaningful outcomes 
at the upcoming 12th Ministerial Conference. Jamaica, therefore, commends New  Zealand for its 
active participation in the work of the WTO in several areas, notably those related to the dispute 
settlement, the COVID -19 response, fisheri es, agriculture and reform of the Organi zation.  
4.301.   We thank New  Zealand for the significant contributions made by its Ambassadors, who have 
served as Chairs to the WTO 's Committee on Agriculture in Special Session and its Sub -Committee 
on Cotton, the Dispute  Settlement Body, and General Council. We further note the work undertaken 
by New  Zealand 's former Ambassador David  Walker as facilitator of the discussions on the WTO 's 
response to the pandemic. Jamaica, therefore, looks forward to continued active, and c onstructive 
engagement with the delegation under the leadership of Ambassador Kelly as we move closer 
towards the 12th Ministerial Conference.  
4.302.   To conclude, Jamaica extends its best wishes to New  Zealand for a successful Trade Policy 
Review.  
SRI LANKA  
4.303.   My delegation welcomes delegation of New  Zealand led by H.E.  Ms Clare Kelly, the 
Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the WTO. We thank the WTO Secretariat and the 
Government of New  Zealand for their comprehensive Reports made available to the delegatio ns and 
appreciate Ambassador Stephen  De Boer of Canada on his insightful information and analysis as the 
discussant.  
4.304.   My delegation acknowledges that New  Zealand continues to strengthen its position as one 
of the most open economies in the world, and very well integrated into international trade, 
investment, and enjoy favourable economic conditions with an increased emphasis on sustainable 
development.  
4.305.   However, the largest fall in New  Zealand 's real GDP was recorded in the second quarter 
of 2020 due to the COVID -19 pandemic. Nevertheless, the economy has rebounded strongly due to 
a substantial fiscal policy response focused on strengthening the pandemic's negative effects on 
households and businesses.  
4.306.   We have also noted that during the review period, New  Zealand developed its new trade 
strategy: "Trade for All Agenda " in 2018 targeted to achieve sustainable and inclusive economic 
development, adopted the Trade Recovery Strategy, modernized its customs legislation and 
launched a broad reform to simplify its f oreign investment regime. In addition, SPS -related boarder WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  procedures have been streamlined through several reforms, including several IP laws being 
amended/adopted.  
4.307.   It is also significant to note that New  Zealand remains committed to the rules -based 
multilateral trading system and actively participates in WTO activities. It took leadership roles as 
chairs of various WTO bodies, including the General Council in 2020, and participated in discussions 
on JSIs. New  Zealand also supports a TRIPS waiver on COVID -19 vaccines on its own terms and 
accords, and reforms to strengthen the WTO. New  Zealand ratified the WTO Trade Facilitation 
Agreement and also joined the Agreement on Government Procurement.  
4.308.   We have also noted that New  Zealand is also pursuing its trade o bjectives through several 
regional and bilateral initiatives together with number of economies across the globe.  
4.309.   We noted that New  Zealand has a strong agricultural, manufacturing and services base, and 
it has taken several regulatory and policy measures t o expand the contribution of these sectors to 
the economy, while promoting innovations and limiting the sectors ' environmental footprint.  
4.310.   New Zealand has stated in the WTO committees that its dairy sector is not subsidized and 
due to their farmers ' efficiency, their products can compete in the international markets. It is, 
however, observed in the Reports and from the responses provided that the New  Zealand 's dairy 
sector is benefitting from Sustainable Food and Fibre Futures (SFFF) programme. It is stated  that 
the sector under "Resilient Dairy programme " seeks to drive improvements in the health and 
wellbeing of the national dairy herd and a step -change in sustainable milk production. It is very 
interesting to gather more information on this programme, par ticularly on the amount of outlay 
being given to the diary sector and how far such funding had help dairy farmers in increasing their 
production and incomes, which gives the dairy industry an added comparative advantage enabling 
them to compete in the inte rnational markets, including in Sri  Lanka, which maintains very low 
applied tariffs.  
4.311.   The trade relations between Sri  Lanka and New  Zealand stand at a moderate level. Total 
trade between the two  countries was US D 309 million in 2021. Sri  Lanka 's exports to New  Zealand 
has increased to its highest value in 2021 recording US D 33 million, in which Ceylon  tea has become 
the major exporting item, while apparel, pneumatic tyres, coconut -based products are the other 
main exports to New  Zealand. Sri  Lanka 's imports from New  Zealand was US D 276 million in 2021, 
and milk powder has become the major importing item from New  Zealand.  
4.312.   Sri Lanka is a beneficiary country under the New  Zealand -GSP scheme, which is in operation 
since 1972 and provides duty -free and  preferential market access for specified manufactured and 
semi-manufactured goods. Sri  Lanka has exported US D 14 million worth goods to New  Zealand 
in 2021 under the New  Zealand GSP scheme.  
4.313.   Sri Lanka has received FDI, total worth of US D 13 million from Ne w Zealand during 2005 
to 2020 period and hosted a substantial number of tourists from New  Zealand in the past few years.  
4.314.   The first Session of the Foreign Office consultation between Sri  Lanka and New  Zealand was 
held in April  2021, aiming to further strengthening bilateral relations in terms of people -to-people 
links, defence cooperation, bilateral trade, investments, and development cooperation, and 
Sri Lanka proposed to create a favourable environment for high potential export products, while 
inviting New  Zealand to invest or relocate technology and research based - industries in the areas of 
dairy products and food processing sector, ITC -BPO, agriculture, fisheries etc. in Sri  Lanka.  
4.315.   The Agreement on the establishment of a dialogue on Trade and Econo mic Cooperation 
between New  Zealand and Sri  Lanka has been drafted, and both parties are currently in the process 
of exchanging observations to finalise the said agreement, with the objectives of ( i) improving the 
basis for trade, investment and cooperatio n in a number of sectors, including agriculture, education, 
tourism, energy, health, financial services, etc. ; (ii) exploring policy and structural issues in the 
development and diversification of two -way trade ; (iii) enhancing policy cooperation ; and 
(iv) providing a framework to address and resolve trade and economic related issues between the 
two countries.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.316.   It is significant to mention that New  Zealand has been a long -standing trading and 
development partner to Sri  Lanka. Hon. Prime  Minister of Sri  Lanka  visited New  Zealand along with 
a high level ministerial and business delegation in 2016. New  Zealand opened its High Commission 
Office in Colombo in 2021. New  Zealand and Sri  Lanka also share a strong people -to-people links 
and many commonalities as islan d nations and Commonwealth members.  
4.317.   Furthermore, Sri  Lanka believes that there are many areas to be discovered to strengthen 
the bilateral relations between New  Zealand and Sri  Lanka, and we look forward to exploring those 
opportunities.  
4.318.   In concluding, Sri  Lanka wishes the delegation of New  Zealand a successful deliberation and 
productive outcomes on its sixth  Trade Policy Review.  
FIJI 
4.319.   Fiji welcomes the delegation of New  Zealand headed by H .E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, and 
her distinguished del egation we commend with appreciation the Government of New  Zealand 's 
dedication and efforts which led to the successful compilation and reporting of its sixth  Trade Policy 
Review, we also recogni ze and thank the Secretariat for its accompanying comprehensi ve review 
Report.  
4.320.   Fiji wishes to recogni ze and commend New  Zealand in this forum for all it has done for Fiji 's 
socio-economic development in many ways. Traditionally, Fiji is connected to New  Zealand and value 
our neighbour in many ways and we want to tha nk them for all they have done and will continue to 
do for Fiji and our Pacific neighbours. Fiji and New  Zealand in fact share strong historical ties that 
has endured beyond 50  years.  
4.321.   New Zealand is not only our neighbour but an important development partn er for Fiji in 
countless ways. Not only that we are connected culturally, there are countless cooperation through 
socio-economic, political, sports, health care, seasonal employer scheme, remittances and more. 
When it comes to sports particularly in the ga me of rugby, whether it 's the 7 's code or 15 's code the 
traditional spirit of rivalry is beyond measure demonstrating how closely we could be competitors 
but affirmed in our family unity. This has resulted in the enhanced sports diplomacy in our region 
with an inclusion of two  Pacific teams joining the well -known Super Rugby code increasing returns 
and employment to our people.  
4.322.   We learn ed from New  Zealand in the region in a number of ways, one of which is 
New Zealand 's successful response to the C OVID -19 pandemic, which the world also recogni zes. 
Fiji's response to the pandemic in our view would not have been successful without the Government 
of New  Zealand 's support, In the midst of the C OVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand has been 
instrumental in Fiji 's respon se through the C OVID -19 vaccines sharing program and PPE 's. During 
the lockdown in Fiji when many Fijians lost their jobs and the tourism industry came to a standstill, 
remittance flow from New  Zealand for instance continues which helped sustain our econom y and 
where remittance flow became one of our key contributors to our GDP.  
4.323.   On the issue of Climate Change, New  Zealand not only has taken the lead in monitoring 
carbon footprints domestically it has also stretched it hands beyond its international borders to help 
those at the frontline battling the disproportionate effects of the C OVID -19 pandemic as in Fiji 
likewise Pacific during their hours of need. This includes rebuilding of schools and hospitals shattered 
by tropical cyclones which has been decimating  homes, infrastructure, livelihoods on a more frequent 
and more intense basis.   
4.324.   New Zealand knows best our trade and socio -economic needs and our limited capacities to 
effectively trade and contribute to the global value chain process as a trade champion economy in 
our region. As in the case of Fiji, this has culminated in the recent partnership agreement signed in 
March  2022 by Fiji 's Prime  Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and New  Zealand 's Minister for 
Foreign Affairs Hon . Bainimarama and Hon . Mahuta respectively titled the "Duavata Partnership: 
Aotearoa Whenua Manapori o Whiti Tauaki Mahitahi ". The partnership agreement would enhance 
Fiji's efforts in building resilience in the areas of climate change, security and sustainable economic 
recovery f rom the C OVID -19 pandemic. With opening of New  Zealand borders recently, tourism and WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  trade has slowly been normalised between our two countries which brings both our two countries to 
the road of economic recovery.  
4.325.   New Zealand is also a traditional supplier  of tourism and is also a key trading partner for Fiji 
having signed a number of regional and bilateral trade agreements.  
4.326.   At the multilateral forum, Fiji works closely with N ew Zealand  in a number of areas such as 
fossil fuel subsidies amongst others. As we head to the MC12 in the coming weeks, we look forward 
to continue to work together on the remaining elements of our work for a successful MC12 that 
would best serve the interest of our region.  
4.327.   Finally, we wish to underscore that Fiji works closely with the New  Zealand delegation in 
Geneva headed by H .E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, also recogni ze former P ermanent Representative,  
Ambassador Walker , and the New  Zealand staff within the WTO but all other United  Nations and 
other Organi zations in Gen eva and we thank them for their support, professionalism and dedication.  
4.328.   To H.E. Stephen De Boer, Thank you very much for standing in to be the discussant for this 
important TPR and for your comprehensive Report.  
COSTA  RICA 
4.329.   On behalf of the Government of Costa  Rica, I would like to extend a warm welcome to the 
delegation of New  Zealand, led by H.E.  Clare Kelly, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of 
New Zealand to the WTO, and her team here in Geneva, and to thank them for their Report and 
excellent pr esentation this morning. I would also like to extend my thanks to Ambassador De  Boer 
for his insightful comments and to the WTO Secretariat for the Report that it has prepared.  
4.330.   Costa  Rica is pleased to participate in New  Zealand's Trade Policy Review.  
4.331.   Costa  Rica would like to emphasize the great importance that New  Zealand attaches to the 
WTO in its economic integration strategy, as well as its strong support for the multilateral trading 
system. Like New  Zealand, Costa  Rica participates in joint initiatives in areas such as plastics 
pollution and environmentally sustainable plastics trade; micro, small and medium enterprises 
(MSMEs); investment facilitation; electronic commerce; services domestic regulation; and trade and 
environmental sustainabil ity. 
4.332.   In connection with this review specifically, we note the economic stability and resilience 
shown in the face of the health crisis caused by COVID -19. While it is true that the pandemic had a 
major impact on the economy in 2020, the timely implementati on of appropriate public policies, 
coupled with the competitiveness of New  Zealand's export sector, prevented the adverse effects 
from being prolonged. This shows that international trade plays a leading role in economic recovery 
in the post -pandemic perio d. 
4.333.   We have noted with interest that implementation of the Trade for All agenda has been at the 
centre of New  Zealand's trade policy during the period under review. One of the most striking aspects 
of this programme is its inclusiveness and sustainability, which was the result of the broad public 
consultation process and Government's commitment to apply the recommendations arising from 
that process. Could New  Zealand cite some examples of recommendations that have arisen from the 
agenda and that are already being incorporated into its trade policy? Were these recommendations 
taken into account when preparing the Trade Recovery Strategy?  
4.334.   For its part, the agricultural sector continues to play a decisive role in New  Zealand's 
economy and foreign trade, accounti ng for more than half of all goods exports. The average applied 
MFN tariff on agricultural products remains low, as does its level of domestic support, which is used 
to finance activities falling under the "green box" classification, particularly those rel ating to research 
and development and biosecurity controls. However, around half of New  Zealand's greenhouse gas 
emissions are produced by the agricultural sector. Could New  Zealand elaborate on the principal 
measures it has taken to address this issue?  
4.335.   Another issue that we wish to highlight are amendments to anti -dumping and countervailing 
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  of trade measure. Since its introduction in 2017, has this p rovision been applied and, if so, has its 
application resulted in a reduction or elimination of anti -dumping or countervailing duties?  
4.336.   With respect to the issues of trade and sustainability, Costa  Rica would like to acknowledge 
New Zealand's leadership. It  is the founder of the Friends of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform, which 
comprises 10  countries (including Costa  Rica) that promote meaningful fossil fuel subsidy reform 
measures in various international forums. At the WTO, New  Zealand led the 2021 Joint Minist erial 
Statement on Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform, signed by 45  Members.  
4.337.   In addition, New  Zealand is leading negotiations on the Agreement on Climate Change, Trade 
and Sustainability (ACCTS), one the objectives of which is to combat climate change through 
international trade disciplines, thus bringing about a worldwide economic transformation that 
enhances global sustainability. Costa  Rica is proud to be an active participant in this process 
alongside four other WTO Members.  
4.338.   Lastly, Costa  Rica wishes New  Zealan d every success in this Trade Policy Review. 
CAMBODIA ON BEHALF OF ASEAN  
4.339.   Cambodia is making this statement on behalf of ASEAN. ASEAN warmly welcomes the 
delegation from New  Zealand led by H .E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Ambassador and Permanent 
Representative to the WTO, to their sixth Trade Policy Review. We commend the Government of the 
New Zealand and the WTO Secretariat for preparing such comprehensive reports. We also appreciate 
the overview by the discussant,  H.E. Ambassador Stephen De  Boer of Canada, which provides a 
useful summary of the matters under review.  
4.340.   Since New  Zealand became ASEAN 's Dialogue Partner in 1975, ASEAN -New Zealand 
relations have grown from strength to strength. In 2015, ASEAN -New Zealand  dialogue relations 
were elevated to a strategic level through the Joint ASEAN -New Zealand Leaders ' Statement on the 
40th Anniversary of ASEAN -New Zealand Dialogue Relations: Advancing our Strategic Partnership 
towards greater mutual benefit and prosperity . Since then, we commend the significant progress 
made in enhancing the partnership cooperation across the three ASEAN Community pillars  such as  
political -security, economic , and socio-cultural.  
4.341.   In particular, until late 2019 before the outbreak of the CO VID-19 pandemic, the total 
two-way trade between ASEAN and New  Zealand had saw a substantial increase over the years, 
standing at USD  7.8 billion in 2016 and reaching USD  10.3 billion in 2019. In 2020, at the height of 
COVID -19, the disruptions of regional and global supply chains and other associated issues only 
resulted in a slight decrease in the total trade volume only to roughly USD  9 billion. Thus, this 
demonstrates that ASEAN -New Zealand trade relations remain vigorous, robust, and resilient even 
against the backdrop of the COVID -19 pandemic. In addition, based on New  Zealand 's data, 
New Zealand 's FDI outflow to ASEAN for the same year was valued at USD  371.8  million in 2020. 
We, therefore, applaud our concerted efforts in maintaining such str ong economic linkages.  
4.342.   On the upgrade negotiations for the ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Area 
(AANZFTA), ASEAN welcomed the progress achieved by the AANZFTA Joint Committee and its 
subsidiary bodies. As Cambodia 's ASEAN Chairmanship in 2022 targe ts substantial conclusion of 
AANZFTA upgrade negotiations by the 27th AEM-CER consultations by September  2022, ASEAN will 
continue to work closely with New  Zealand and Australia, so as to intensify the negotiations to meet 
the targeted timeframe.  
4.343.   We ackno wledge the importance of ensuring that the Agreement remains a high standard, 
fit for purpose, time-honoured , relevant for businesses and people, and responsive to the COVID -19 
recovery.  
4.344.   One of our most recent achievements together is the signing of the Re gional Comprehensive 
Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) on 15  November  2020, the largest free trade agreement 
in the world covering a market of 2.2  billion people (almost one third of the world 's population), and 
with a combined size of USD  26.2 trillion or 30% of the world 's GDP. RCEP entered into force on 
1 January  2022.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.345.   ASEAN commends New  Zealand 's deposition of its instrument of ratification on 
2 November  2021 and welcome New  Zealand’s efforts towards the full implementation of this 
Agreement with participating Members.  
4.346.   ASEAN further recognizes the important contributions of New  Zealand to the international 
community, and its active engagement in the multilateral trading syste m, particularly in the WTO 
negotiations and the works of the various committees. ASEAN also acknowledges New  Zealand 's 
outstanding efforts in effectively responding to the COVID -19 pandemic and the role it has played 
in international cooperation in this do main, especially for the assistance New  Zealand has provided 
to developing countries.    
4.347.   ASEAN -New Zealand relations have been solidified by building upon areas of mutual interest 
and comparative advantages on both sides. The partnership between the two parties continues to 
strengthen mutual trust and respect, foster good neighbourliness  and deepen inte rdependence for 
mutual benefits.  
4.348.   Lastly, we congratulate New  Zealand on their many achievements and look forward to 
deepening cooperation with H .E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly and her team at the Geneva Mission.  
4.349.   Allow me to deliver Cambodia 's national statement . Firstly, Cambodia associates ourselves 
with the ASEAN statement.  
4.350.   I would like congratulates New  Zealand on maintaining its position as one of the most open 
economies in the world which has enabled the people of New  Zealand to enjoy some of the highest 
living standards in the world as well as for New  Zealand to be among the highest per  capita income 
countries.  
4.351.   I would like to also commend New  Zealand 's sound and resilient economy, especially during 
the COVID -19 pandemic, which could be attributed to New  Zealand 's strong trade competitiveness.  
4.352.   Cambodia and New  Zealand enjoy a strong and highly complementary economic relationship 
through evolving bilateral and regional integration initiatives such as the 
ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) and Regional Comprehensive 
Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement. We hope that these high -quality agreements will 
contribute to a deeper trade and economic relations between the two countries.  
4.353.   However, we noted that bilateral Cambodia -New Zealand trade in 2021 has increased by 
7.4% to reach US D 30.58  million compared to US D 28.48  million in 2020. This is despite 
New Zealand 's generous 100% duty -free, quota -free GSP scheme provided to Cambodia. Meanwhile, 
bilateral investment flows from New Zealand to Cambodia remains minimal.  
4.354.   On a separate topic, I would like to acknowledge New  Zealand Aid Scholarships as one of 
the outstanding aid and scholarship programs in Cambodia, especially to support developing 
agriculture, trade capacity, and dev eloping human resources. I am pleased to note that New  Zealand 
has been providing 35  post-graduate and 23  short-term training scholarships each year to 
Cambodian students as well as English language training to 33  Cambodian officials in New  Zealand 
and 25  participants in Cambodia each year.  
4.355.   We also appreciate the active engagement of New  Zealand within the multilateral trading 
systems particularly activities under the WTO 's councils, committees , and the negotiations.  
4.356.   Finally, we commit to working closely w ith the New  Zealand in both bilateral and multilateral 
levels to strengthen our good cooperation for economic growth and development.  
4.357.   We wish the New  Zealand a successful conclusion of its sixth Trade Policy Review.  
REPUBLIC OF KOREA  
4.358.   I would like to join o thers in extending a warm welcome to the delegates of New  Zealand for 
their sixth  Trade Policy Review. I would like to thank the WTO Secretariat and the Government of WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  New Zealand for their informative reports. My appreciation also goes to the discussant, A mbassador 
Stephen De  Boer of Canada for his insightful comments.  
4.359.   Korea appreciates this opportunity to take a closer look at the trade policies and practices 
New Zealand has undertaken since the last Trade Policy Review in 2015.  
4.360.   The economic relations between Korea and New  Zealand have continued to deepen since the 
entry into force of the Korea -New Zealand FTA in 2015. Despite the unprecedented health and 
ensuing economic crisis triggered by the COVID -19 pandemic, the volume of bilateral trade in goods 
reached the record high in 2021, amounting to approximately USD 3.5 billion. Both countries enjoy 
mutually complementary economic relations, with Korea importing agr icultural products, timber, and 
industrial materials from New  Zealand, and New  Zealand mainly purchasing refined oil, vehicles and 
electronic equipment from Korea. Korea is now New  Zealand 's sixth largest trading partner and 
fifth largest export market for  goods.  
4.361.   Based on the robust two -way trade, Korea and New  Zealand are reinforcing collaboration in 
areas of mutual interests, such as agriculture, forestry, digital economy including ICT, education and 
sustainability. Going forward, Korea has high hopes th at both countries will further strengthen their 
economic ties.  
4.362.   Turning to New  Zealand 's overall economic performance, it is commendable that 
New Zealand Government 's health -led approach to COVID -19 coupled with economic and fiscal 
support have shielded th e economy from the worst impacts. New  Zealand economy has performed 
better than prediction on almost every indicator, including real GDP growth and net debt forecast.  
4.363.   Regarding the response to the COVID -19 pandemic, Korea commends New  Zealand 's 
pioneering  efforts to resist moves towards protectionism, and to ensure supply chain connectivity 
and free flow of essential goods even at the peak of the COVID -19 situation in 2020. All these efforts 
served as best examples for the APEC Trade Ministers' Joint State ment under New  Zealand 's APEC 
leadership in 2021. It is encouraging to note that, in line with these efforts, New  Zealand enacted a 
tariff concession on COVID -19 vaccine -related products and is in the process of eliminating tariffs 
on these products on a p ermanent basis.  
4.364.   Korea welcomes New  Zealand 's new trade strategy, the Trade for All Agenda, which has been 
developed during the review period. The Agenda aims to ensure that New  Zealand 's trade policy 
benefit all New  Zealanders and is supportive of other g overnment policies for sustainable and 
inclusive economic development.  
4.365.   On the multilateral front, Korea commends New  Zealand 's commitment to the rules -based 
multilateral trading system and its active participation in WTO negotiations, including JSIs on 
e-commerce, investment facilitation, MSMEs, trade and gender, and trade and environment. 
New Zealand should also be praised for its constructive role in m any different areas of the WTO, 
such as Ambassador -level chairmanship of the GC, DSB and CoASS. Furthermore, my delegation 
highly appreciates the unique contribution made by New  Zealand 's former WTO Ambassador, 
David  Walker, as the independent facilitator of the WTO Appellate Body process and the WTO 
response to pandemic.  
4.366.   In advance of this review, Korea provided New  Zealand with a short list of questions 
regarding foreign investment regime, ISDS provisions in trade agreements, and agricultural 
measures an d practices. We thank New  Zealand for its responses and will study them carefully. 
During the discussion today, we are interested in learning more about New  Zealand 's new initiatives 
on digital economy trade talks, namely, DEPA.  
4.367.   In closing, Korea values N ew Zealand as a vital partner on a broad range of important trade 
initiatives. My Government looks forward to continuing to work closely with New  Zealand in our 
collective efforts to strengthen the multilateral trade system, in particular, for the success of MC12 
and beyond.  
4.368.   That said, I would like to express, once again, my deep appreciation to Ambassador 
Clare Kelly and the delegation of New  Zealand for their hard work and wish them every success in 
the sixth TPR. WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  MALAYSIA  
4.369.   Malaysia welcomes the opportunit y to participate in New  Zealand 's sixth Trade Policy Review 
and would like to wish Ambassador Clare  Kelly success in leading her delegation in this Review.  
4.370.   I would also like to take this opportunity to thank both New  Zealand 's Government and the 
Secretaria t for preparing the comprehensive Trade Policy Review Reports and the discussant 
Ambassador Stephen De  Boer of Canada, for his insightful comments and assessment of the 
New Zealand 's trade policy development since its last Review.  
4.371.   Malaysia and New  Zealand enjoy close and substantive economic relations not just on the 
bilateral front, but also within the context of regional economic integration through various 
collaborations under the ASEAN and APEC fora. New  Zealand who took over the APEC chairmansh ip 
from Malaysia has convened a highly successful APEC  2021 and set the tone for an inclusive and 
sustainable economic recovery of the Asia -Pacific region.  
4.372.   On the multilateral front, Malaysia commends New  Zealand 's active and constructive role in 
many WTO initiatives that Malaysia has taken part in, such as the Joint Statement Initiatives and 
the Informal Working Group on MSMEs. Malaysia and New  Zealand are also part of the Cairns Group 
members, and both are committed to improving the agricultural market co ndition.  
4.373.   In 2021, New  Zealand was Malaysia 's second  most important trading partner, export 
destination, and import source in Oceania after Australia. Total trade in 2021 increased by 9.5% to 
USD 1.82 billion, from USD  1.64 billion in 2020. In the same period, Malaysia 's exports to 
New Zealand increased by 15.7% to USD  1.06 billion compared to USD  0.91 billion in 2020, while 
imports increased by 1.6% to USD  3.12 billion compared to USD  3.07 billion in 2020.  
4.374.   On the investment front, as of December  2021, 41  manufacturing projects worth 
USD 79.9 million with pa rticipation from New  Zealand had been approved and these projects are 
expected to generate 3,370  new employment opportunities.  
4.375.   For this current review, Malaysia had submitted written questions on areas such as 
government procurement, investment, sanitary a nd phytosanitary requirements, and agriculture.  
4.376.   We would like to take this opportunity to thank the delegation of New  Zealand for responding 
to our questions and we shall examine the responses with great interest.  
4.377.   We wish the delegation of New  Zealand a p roductive and successful sixth Trade Policy 
Review.  
PARAGUAY  
4.378.   The Republic of Paraguay would like to extend warm greetings to the delegation of 
New Zealand participating in this sixth  Trade Policy Review. We would also like to thank you for 
conducting this review, as well as the Secretariat for its comprehensive Report.  
4.379.   The period covered by New  Zealand's review was marked by the pandemic. This is reflected 
in the country's GDP which, a fter a period of sustained growth, albeit with minor slowdowns, shrank 
by 2.1% in 2020. This notwithstanding, we are pleased to note that New  Zealand has weathered the 
pandemic relatively well and its real GDP is expected to grow by 5.1% in 2021, thanks to  a solid and 
focused fiscal policy response and its private sector's ability to adapt, without resorting to 
protectionism.  
4.380.   With this, my delegation wants to highlight how, through concrete measures, but while 
remaining open to trade, New  Zealand is showing  good signs of an early post -pandemic recovery.  
4.381.   Even in the midst of the pandemic, it updated regional trade agreements already in force, 
and signed and put in place other highly ambitious agreements such as the Regional Comprehensive 
Economic Partnership (RCEP). This is in addition to the outward orientation of the country's markets, 
as reflected by its applied tariffs which averaged only 2.2% in 2021.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.382.   Like my own country, New  Zealand is a net exporter of agri -food products and produces with 
few or no subs idies, despite having aggregate measurement of support (AMS) entitlements, and 
with no export subsidies. Not only does New  Zealand refrain from using its AMS entitlements, but it 
has no plan to use them either.  
4.383.   As for the social and environmental dimension s, New  Zealand is implementing programmes 
to ensure that its trade policy delivers benefits for all, such as the Trade for All agenda, and to lower 
agricultural greenhouse gas emissions with significant reduction commitments. It is doing so in a 
way that d oes not distort trade and meets its economic needs, thus fulfilling the three pillars of 
sustainability.  
4.384.   We congratulate New  Zealand on its approach to these measures. My country believes that 
it is an example of the WTO's objectives in practice and is evi dence of the benefits of free and 
predictable trade.  
4.385.   Within the WTO, we appreciate the support provided by the multilateral trading system and 
highlight the joint work that we are carrying out in the regular committees, joint initiatives and 
negotiations, as well as the Cairns Group.  
4.386.   Despite the geographical distance between our countries, Paraguay and New  Zealand are 
brought together by a firm conviction that more trade and less protectionism is the ideal goal, and 
that a multilateral trading system with c lear rules is the way to achieve it.  
4.387.   On behalf of my country, I offer renewed congratulations to those conducting this review 
and to the delegates from the Permanent Mission of New  Zealand in Geneva on their invariably active 
involvement and contribution t o this Organization's work . 
INDONESIA  
4.388.   We would like to join other Members in welcoming the New  Zealand delegation, led by 
H.E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Permanent Representative to the WTO, and her team from 
New Zealand Mission in Geneva, for their efforts and contributions to this important exercise.  
4.389.   I would also like to express our sincere appreciation to the New  Zealand Government and 
the WTO Secretariat for their reports, as well as to the discussant, H .E. Ambassador Stephen 
De Boer (Canada), for  his insightful observations, and you, Chair, for your opening comments.  
4.390.   Indonesia would also like to associate itself with ASEAN 's statement delivered by Cambodia.  
4.391.   I would like to start by highlighting New  Zealand 's recent economic results. Indonesia 
congratulates New  Zealand on its economic growth since its 2015 Trade Policy Review, with real 
GDP grew 3.4% annually on average between 2015 and 2019. Despite the biggest declined on record 
in the second quarter of 2020 owing to the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand's economy rebounded 
significantly in the second half of 2020 thanks to a substantial fiscal policy response focused on 
mitigating the pandemic's negative impact on households and businesses.  
4.392.   I would also like to mention New  Zealand 's support for and p articipation in the multilateral 
trading system. New  Zealand actively promoted and participated in discussions on joint initiatives 
(including micro, small, and medium -sized enterprises, e -commerce, services domestic regulation, 
investment facilitation, tr ade and gender, and trade and climate), as well as reforms to strengthen 
the WTO. In response to the COVID -19 pandemic, New  Zealand supports a TRIPS waiver for 
COVID -19 vaccinations.  
4.393.   Indonesia and New  Zealand established diplomatic relations in 1958 and ha ve maintained 
strong and profitable ties ever since. Since the 2015 policy review, Indonesian exports to 
New Zealand have increased by about 8 % since the 2015 policy review. In 2021, total two -way 
trade in goods and services between Indonesia and New  Zeala nd was valued at USD  1.67 billion, 
ranking New  Zealand among Indonesia's top 50  trading partners. Oilcake and other solid residues, 
coal, wood, toilet or facial tissue stock, and new pneumatic tyres are the most important Indonesian 
exports. While the key Indonesian goods imports are milk and cream, butter, flours, cheese and 
curd, and malt extract.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.394.   Indonesia is aware that New  Zealand has successfully handled the difficulties of the 
COVID -19 pandemic, particularly in terms of trade in services. With that in  mind, Indonesia hopes 
that New  Zealand could share the Government's policy and effort on local and foreign employees 
during normal and pandemic conditions.  
4.395.   Indonesia also recognizes that New  Zealand is now establishing Aotearoa's Digital Strategy, 
which is organized around three themes: trust, inclusiveness, and growth. Indonesia is interested 
to know more about the strategy, particularly the scope of each pillar, including their implementation 
and current roles in New  Zealand related regu lations.  
4.396.   Furthermore, as an active member in numerous WTO for a, including JSIs, Investment 
Facilitation for Development, the Informal Work Programme for MSMEs, Trade and Gender, 
Indonesia also interested on New  Zealand's future views on its involvement in these for a. 
4.397.   Indonesia would like to once again highlight New  Zealand 's efforts to contribute to a more 
open, transparent, and efficient overall trading environment. Let me conclude by expressing my 
appreciation once again to the delegation of New  Zealand f or its hard work and wishing the 
delegation a successful TPR.  
SAMOA  
4.398.   At the outset , congratulations t o New Zealand for this you r sixth Trade Policy Review. Hav ing 
only done one Trade Policy Review in 2019, Samoa found the process useful, including the 
opportunity to review trade policy framework, processes and mode of operations.  
4.399.   This year, New Zealand and Samoa celebrate 60  years of friendship. In fact, today 1  June, 
we celebrate the 60th year of Samoa's independence. New Zealand is an important trade partner for 
Samoa  and one of our key development partners . New  Zealand is Samoa's main direct export 
market,  and an important source for imports. As well , the New  Zealand seasonal employment 
scheme has provided employment opportunities for thousands Samoan workers including through 
the challenges of the COVID -19 restrictions on international travel and mobility.  
4.400.   Most part of COVID -19 lockdown the only international flights that operated out of Samoa 
was the weekly flight between Apia and Auc kland. We look forward to opening up our borders and 
welcoming the world back to our shores on 1  August, l argely due to the high levels of vaccination in 
Samoa, which New  Zealand and other partners had supported.  
4.401.   At the regional level, and as referred to i n the New  Zealand Report, the Pacific  Agreement 
on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) Plus is a unique trade and development agreement  in the 
region . PACER  Plus has the potential to address trade -related capacity constraints faced by Samoa 
and other Pacific  Island  countries . We are pleased to host the PACER  Plus Implementations Unit in 
Samoa which we hope that the Unit be able to provide the support needed by Forum Island Countries 
including developing further opportunities in labour mobility, agriculture, s ervices, e -commerce , 
tourism, as well as highlighting the important role of multilateralism and the development of SIDS.  
4.402.   We wish New  Zealand a successful Trade Policy Review.  
BANGLADESH  
4.403.   At the outset, the Bangladesh delegation welcomes H.E.  Clare Kelly, Am bassador and 
Permanent Representative of New  Zealand and thank for her introductory presentation at the 
sixth TPR. We also thank Ambassador H.E. Mr  Stephen De  Boer of Canada for his insightful 
discussions. Our sincere appreciation goes to the Government of New  Zealand and the WTO 
Secretariat for the comprehensive reports.  
4.404.   Trade has long been an important part of New  Zealand's economy and also an important 
connector. This has been reinforced during the global COVID -19 pandemic. Before the pandem ic, in 
early 2020, exports and imports accounted for around 55% of New  Zealand's GDP. This has dropped 
to 44% by June  2021 as two of New  Zealand's biggest export earners, tourism and international 
education, were severely hit by pandemic -related border clo sures and the sharp drop in international 
travel. Trade is now leading New  Zealand's COVID -19 economic recovery, and remains key to WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  achieving the Government's goals of inclusive economic growth, increased productivity and the 
zero-carbon economy transition . During the review period of 2015 -21, New  Zealand continued to 
strengthen its position as one of the most open economies in the world and updated some elements 
of its trade and investment regime.  
4.405.   It is encouraging to see that prudent macro -economic measur es adopted by the country 
have resulted in impressive economic growth and remarkable improvement in almost all indices. 
Since the last TPR, relatively strong economic fundamentals and solid buffers to external shocks, 
have helped the country maintain macro economic stability. The strong outward orientation of the 
New Zealand economy has been one of the pillars of growth for many years.  
4.406.   New Zealand is a firm supporter of the multilateral trading system and remains actively 
engaged at the WTO. It took leaders hip roles as chairs of various WTO bodies, including the General 
Council in 2020. It also supports a TRIPS waiver on COVID -19 vaccines, as well as reforms to 
strengthen the WTO.  
4.407.   New Zealand's trade policy priority on multilateral, non -discriminatory rules  is 
complemented by a goal of continuous expansion and deepening of trade relations through regional 
and bilateral approaches. It attaches high importance to reducing gaps in the level of development 
between nations, to promoting the further integration of  developing and least developed countries 
into the global economy, and to the need to make economic development more sustainable.  
4.408.   New Zealand remains more susceptible than other larger economies to changing 
circumstances in the external environment. An im portant determinant for the New  Zealand economy 
generally is the economic performance of the Asia Pacific Region making it by far New  Zealand's 
most important trading partner.  
4.409.   Bangladesh and New  Zealand enjoy excellent bilateral trade and economic relation s, though 
bilateral trade is largely tilted towards New  Zealand. Broad -based institutional mechanisms of 
dialogue have contributed to the deepening of our relations. Bangladesh enjoys duty -free market 
access to New  Zealand 's market since 2001. Bilateral tr ade between Bangladesh and New  Zealand 
has been growing steadily. Though Bangladesh is the 34th import and 25th export trading partner of 
New Zealand, the trend of bilateral trade is upward. The current bilateral trade volume 
USD 350 million of which USD 250 million is import from New  Zealand. Bangladesh export items are 
ready made garment;  home apparels ; articles of leather and footwear ; jute and jute goods ; ceramics 
tableware ; fertilisers; tea; etc. Import from New  Zealand are milk a nd milk products ; iron and steel ; 
sugar ; edible fruit and nuts ; animal products ; animal fats ; butter ; gas compressors ; sawn timber ; 
etc. There is a scope to further strengthen the trade relation between our two countries. Both sides 
are seriously working t hrough existing framework of bilateral cooperation as well as through 
non-traditional means.  
4.410.   Bangladesh appreciates New  Zealand 's constructive engagement with the WTO, and its 
commitment to multilateral trading system. To conclude, we wish the delegation o f New  Zealand a 
productive and successful TPR. My delegation will continue to work closely with the New  Zealand 
delegations, led by Ambassador H.E. Clare  Kelly, to strengthen the multilateral trading system while 
we strive to enhance our bilateral trade.  
BRUNEI  DARUSSALAM  
4.411.   Brunei Darussalam associates itself with the ASEAN statement delivered by Cambodia and 
joins in warmly welcoming the delegation from New Zealand led by H .E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, 
Permanent Representative to the WTO.  
4.412.   We commend the Gove rnment of New  Zealand for their efforts in preparing for this their 
sixth Trade Policy Review, and also thank the WTO Secretariat for their clear and comprehensive 
report. We would also like to express our appreciation to H .E. Ambassador Stephen De Boer of 
Canada for the insightful overview of both reports under consideration.  
4.413.   Brunei  Darussalam and New  Zealand established diplomatic relations on 5  May 1984, and 
we have a strong, long -standing, bilateral relationship with New  Zealand that covers many areas of 
cooperation, from education, defence, trade and investment, and health.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  4.414.   Two-way trade has remained steady, although it showed a decrease during COVID, reaching 
close to BND 7 million in goods alone last year, with most of our trade in the import of liv e animals 
and vegetables and the export of machineries. We also have a high amount of trade in services, 
particularly in the education and tourism sectors, which as New  Zealand noted in their report were 
two areas that were "severely hit " during the pandem ic. Nonetheless, we are continually exploring 
new ways to enhance cooperation into other mutually beneficial areas such as the Ease of Doing 
Business, the halal industry, agriculture, and human resource development.  
4.415.   The solid bilateral relationship between  our two countries has only been further strengthened 
with the signing of numerous agreements, such as the Trans -Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership 
Agreement (P4), the first free trade agreement linking the Asia, Pacific and the Americas, and 
subsequen tly the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans -Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) 
which accounts for over 13% of global trade.  
4.416.   We are also closely linked through ASEAN, as New  Zealand is one of ASEAN 's Dialogue 
Partners, through which we have maintain ed robust economic integration efforts including the 
ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Area and most recently the Regional Comprehensive 
Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement which accounts for 30% of global trade.  
4.417.   New Zealand have also stated their o pen plurilateral instruments are designed as pathfinders 
to multilateral outcomes, and we commend them on this, and on being one of the most open 
economies in the world, and for their strong international presence, as illustrated, among others, by 
their su ccessful hosting of APEC in 2021.  
4.418.   Both New  Zealand and Brunei  Darussalam are small countries, and so we recognize and face 
many similar challenges. Nonetheless, both of us are firm supporters of the multilateral trading 
system and of the WTO. In this regard, New  Zealand has been very active in this Organization, 
leading in many negotiations and areas, such as the JSIs and Informal Working Group on MSMEs 
and chairing the General Council in 2020.  
4.419.   We would thus like to take this opportunity to commend Am bassador Clare  Kelly and her 
team in the Permanent Mission on their work. In this regard, we would also like to express our 
support for New  Zealand 's efforts, and wish them a successful sixth Trade Policy Review.  
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  5  REPLIES BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF NEW  ZEAL AND AND ADDITIONAL COMMENTS  
5.1.  Thank you Chair, Ambassador  Villalobos. We have greatly appreciated your insights and 
constructive engagement over the last three days.  
5.2.  Let me begin by also warmly thanking Ambassador De Boer for your thoughtful and valuable 
engagement as discussant. A sincere thank you to all Members who have participated in 
New Zealand 's Trade Policy Review. We know it is a very busy time for this Organization – you would 
have seen my own team having to duck in and out of the room – so we greatly appreciate the 
constructive engagement in this important exercise. In particular, we would like to share our 
appreciation with the 3 9 Members who spoke on Wednesday and all those who have submitted 
questions of N ew Zealand. Last, but not least, we would like to thank the Secretariat team for all 
the work they have put into this Trade Policy Review. Your thoroughness and positive engagement 
with our team here in Geneva and in Wellington have ensured this was a smoo th process.  
5.3.  New Zealand believes Trade Policy Reviews are vital to the functioning of the WTO. This Trade 
Policy Review has allowed others to consider New  Zealand 's economy, trade policy settings and 
engagement in the World Trade Organi zation. The process of responding to Member 's questions 
allowed us to engage across New  Zealand 's government agencies and, as is the purpose of TPRs, 
allowing us to take stock of where we are at. We will respond to all remaining questions shorty and 
look forward to sharing these responses with Members.  
5.4.  We also note Trade Policy Reviews provide an op portunity to facilitate the smooth functioning 
of the multilateral trading system. The impacts of the Russia n Federation' s actions on the regional 
and global economy and its disregard for international rules and norms are irrefutable, unacceptable 
and shou ld be of deep concern to all WTO Members.  
5.5.  The generous and insightful remarks made about New  Zealand and our trade agenda by all 
Members are warmly received. Ambassador De Boer's comments were reflected by many Members; 
New Zealand puts great emphasis on being a robust and open economy. As the Ambassador so 
constructively put it, we support "strong, open, transparent, inclusive, and ruled -based trading 
systems " with open economies – now more than ever. We stand by the principles of our Trade for 
All Agenda  and the need to make progress in furthering inclusive trade – in particular for indigenous 
peoples and women. We noted comments on the strength of our economic response to the COVID -19 
pandemic. These have been incredibly challenging times for us all, and  it is by working together, 
including in this Organization, that we can best bounce back as we slowly emerge out of this 
pandemic, find a resolution to the Ukraine invasion, and work to address the existential crisis that 
climate change presents.  
5.6.  Some WTO Members asked us earlier this week to explain how we have gone about developing 
and putting into practice our Trade for All policy, as well as to give some examples of what this has 
meant for New  Zealand 's trade policy and for Māori, women and SMEs in New  Zealand. We have 
provided some examples in our written responses to questions.  
5.7.  At the same time, we are very conscious that this is a journey New  Zealand has embarked on 
– not a completed task. It is a journey that involves an on -going conversation with c ivil society and, 
in our case, with Māori as Treaty partners.  
5.8.  We also see this conversation as an important one in the broader international context, as 
referenced by our distinguished discussant, Ambassador De Boer, earlier this week. Our most recent 
efforts in this regard can be seen in the chapter on Māori Trade and Economic Cooperation agreed 
as part of New  Zealand 's FTA with the UK and in the Indigenous People 's Economic and Trade 
Cooperation Arrangement (IPECTA) that was concluded as part of our hosti ng of APEC  2021 and has 
now come into effect.  
5.9.  The Trade for All work has also focused heavily on how we ensure the benefits of trade reach 
all New  Zealanders, whatever their gender. As highlighted by some, New  Zealand has actively 
pursued trade and gender provision in our FTAs, but we have also helped initiate stand -alone 
initiatives on gender and broader inclusive trade issues. We launched the Inclusive Trade Action 
Group with Chile, Canada and welcomed Mexico. That work led to the signing of the Global Tr ade 
and Gender Arrangement in August  2020. GTAGA aims to be a force for positive economic and WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  societal change by enhancing opportunities for women in international trade and promoting gender 
considerations internationally. GTAGA is open to any interested e conomy to join, and we would be 
very happy to discuss this initiative with any WTO Member.  
5.10.   These pursuits highlight the concerted effort New  Zealand is making towards enhanced trade 
liberalisation. Members note that New  Zealand has made good progress with strengthening our 
trading position through our Free Trade Agreements. We are noted as being strong and constructive 
partners through in our support of plurilateral endeavours, and our hope remains that these are 
useful b uilding blocks for future multilateral outcomes. As highlighted by our discussant we made 
strong progress last year in our role in chairing of APEC towards an open, dynamic, resilient and 
peaceful for the region by 2040.  
5.11.   We also heard Members interests in how New  Zealand 's trade and economic policies interact 
with our climate change ambitions. New  Zealand has committed to an international target to reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2030 and a domestic target of net zero for long -lived gases 
by 2050,  including reductions in biogenic methane emissions. Under the 2020 Climate Change 
Response (Emissions Trading Reform) Amendment Act, emissions from agriculture will be priced 
by 2025. The Act requires responsible Ministers to report publicly on a system f or pricing the 
emissions from agricultural production by the end of 2022. We will accelerate the delivery of 
agricultural emissions reduction tools and technologies for farmers and farming businesses through 
the establishment of a new Centre for Climate Ac tion on Agricultural Emissions. We have also ceased 
providing offshore oil and gas exploration permits.  
5.12.   New Zealand 's role in negotiating the Agreement on Climate Change, Trade and Sustainability 
with six likeminded countries demonstrates our commitment th e mutually supportive trade and 
environment agenda. ACCTS will be an open plurilateral agreement that brings together interrelated 
elements of the climate change, trade , and sustainable development agendas for the first time.  
5.13.   New Zealand 's approach to digi tal trade - another 21st century trade issue - has also 
developed markedly in recent years as we try to keep pace with the development of the digital 
economy. Many Members in their statements sought information about New  Zealand 's approach in 
this sector. We are in the process of developing a new Digital Strategy for Aotearoa which is based 
around the three pillars of Inclusion Growth and Trust. Following public consultation, the Strategy is 
currently being finalised. The plan is expected to be released in the third  quarter of 2022. We would 
be happy to discuss the plan further with Members as it is finalised.  
5.14.   The New  Zealand delegation was particularly pleased to hear Members express appreciation 
for the role that New  Zealand plays in the World Trade Organi zation. The functioning of this 
institution continues to be at the heart of New  Zealand 's trade policy. With the Twelfth  Ministerial 
Conference now less than two weeks away, New  Zealand reiterates our commitment to the WTO 
and will do everything in our pow er to contribute to its ongoing success at the heart of the 
rules-based system. We look forward to celebrating a meaningful Ministerial outcome with Members 
and continuing to engage meaningfully within these walls in the years ahead.  
5.15.   Members, Ambassador V illalobos, Ambassador De Boer and the team in the Secretariat, thank 
you once again for your engagement in the Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand.  
DISCUSSANT  
5.16.   I would like to thank the New  Zealand delegation for their constructive participation in their 
sixth Trade Policy Review.  
5.17.   Unsurprisingly, Members have shown keen interest, which was clearly demonstrated by the 
number of questions submitted and opening statements delivered on the first  day of this Trade Policy 
Review. I trust the exchanges hav e been fruitful and that New Zealand will provide answers to the 
subsequent written questions received by the prescribed deadline.  
5.18.   As Ambassador Kelly said, "New Zealand is a trading nation, and with one in four of our jobs 
tied to exports we have in turn  created an open market domestically for trade ". This was further 
confirmed by Members who took the floor. In addition to highlight their respective bilateral trade 
and economic relations, Members also rightly commended New  Zealand for its level of opennes s WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  through addressing trade barriers and expanding its network of bilateral and regional trade 
agreements. New  Zealand was also commended for its commitment to inclusive and sustainable 
trade, and its active contribution to both WTO multilateral and plurila teral negotiations, initiatives , 
and agreements.  
5.19.   Its commitment to the three  pillars of the Organization, and its reform agenda is even more 
remarkable given it size and its location in in the South Pacific Ocean. I think one of the key findings 
of this sixth Review is that New  Zealand 's approach to an open, transparent trade in the context of 
an international rules -based regime is the key to economic success.  
5.20.   We also learned that to help New  Zealand pull through the significant impacts of the COVID -19 
pandemic - where trade dropped from 55% to 44% of GDP - the Government launched its Trade 
Recovery Strategy, placing trade at the centre  of its inclusive recovery. Through its Trade for All 
Agenda, New  Zealand has served as a good example of how governments c an mainstream the 
interests of under -represented groups into policies that help ensure inclusiveness for all. Who best 
to translate these commitments into action than Ambassador  Kelly, the first  female New  Zealand 
Permanent Representative to the WTO.  
5.21.   These Reviews also offer a meaningful mechanism to raise issues of concern or request further 
clarifications with the aim of increasing transparency and informing policy decisions. As such, key 
recent developments in New  Zealand 's trade and investment regimes were raised, including related 
to its intellectual property system, its foreign investment framework, and its climate change 
response. Unsurprisingly, New  Zealand 's approach to kiwifruit and certain dairy products in specific 
markets, was further questione d. I believe this Trade Policy Review will have been useful not only 
for New  Zealand but for all Members.  
5.22.   As New  Zealand continues to explore novel ways to advance its trade -related interests on 
emerging issues, Members will clearly continue to be interested in the implications of new 
instruments such as the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the Agreement on Climate 
Change, Trade and Sustainability. Maintaining transpa rency on these initiatives will be key.  
5.23.   As we examined the recent developments of New  Zealand 's regulatory and trade policy 
regimes, we were also reminded of the appalling humanitarian consequences of the 
Russia n Federation' s unprovoked and illegal invasi on of Ukraine, which is also hindering the global 
economic recovery from COVID -19 and negatively impacting global food security.  
5.24.   The WTO exists as a rules -based Organization, and Russia 's continuing war against Ukraine 
and its people demonstrate a complet e disregard for the most fundamental tenets of international 
law. Putting at risk not only this Organization but also global peace and security.  
5.25.   In concluding, I truly believe that this Trade Policy Review has demonstrated that 
New Zealand remains one of the most open, transparent and robust economies in the world, and an 
important Member and defender of a strong multilateral trading system.  
VIET NAM 
5.26.   Viet Nam would like to join other Members in warmly welcoming the distinguished delegation 
from New  Zealand led by H.E. Ms  Clare Kelly, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of 
New Zealand to the WTO, to its sixth  Trade Policy Review. We also would like to congratulate the 
efforts of the Government of New  Zealand and the WTO Secretariat for the detailed reports prepared 
for this Review. Our appreciation is also extended to the Chairperson, H.E.  Ángel V illalobos  Rodríguez  
for his introductory remarks and the discussant, H.E . Mr Stephen De Boer of Canada for insightful 
observations.  
5.27.   Viet Nam is delighted to note that New  Zealand 's economy is recovering strongly and more 
quickly than expected from the COVID -19 pandemic. We commend the New  Zealand 's economic, 
fiscal and health -led measures which have helped to s hield the economy from the worst impacts.  
5.28.   Viet Nam acknowledges the support of New  Zealand, as a founding Member of the WTO, to 
the multilateral trading system, with its active contribution to the work of WTO by chairing various 
committees, its implementa tion of the Trade Facilitation Agreement, its commitment to find a WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  solution for the revitalization of the WTO dispute settlement system as well as its active participation 
in the Joint Statement Initiatives (JSI) on e -commerce, investment facilitation for development and 
the informal work program for MSMEs, and trade and gender.  
5.29.   With regards to our bilateral relationship, I would like to provide some impressive highlights 
in trade and investment as follows:  
• Regarding the bilateral trade, we are pleased tha t New  Zealand has been a long -standing 
economic partner of Viet  Nam. Currently, New  Zealand is one of Viet  Nam's largest trading 
partners in the Asia Pacific region. In 2021, the trade volume between Viet  Nam and 
New Zealand has increased 2 .5 times from wh at it was in 2011.  
• In terms of the investment, New  Zealand has invested a total of over USD 209 million in 
Viet Nam, as accumulated until 2022. These numbers clearly demonstrate our strengthening 
economic cooperation in the last decade and especially duri ng the COVID -19 pandemic.  
5.30.   It can be said that the bilateral trade and investment relationship between New  Zealand and 
Viet Nam is currently in the period of healthy and comprehensive development. We strongly believe 
that the two  countries have many potential opportunities to advance, especially when we are both 
members of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans -Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), 
the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement, the Asia -Pacific Economic 
Cooper ation (APEC) and the ASEAN -Australia -New Zealand Free Trade Agreement. Therefore, to 
further enhance bilateral trade, it is advisable to continue promoting and facilitating the connection 
of the two  economies to make economic cooperation more effective and  commensurate with the 
potentials.  
5.31.   In conclusion, I would like to express my appreciation to H.E. Clare  Kelly and her team at the 
Mission for their active engagement and contribution to the work of the WTO and I wish them a 
successful Trade Policy Review.  
NEPAL  
5.32.   My delegation welcomes the delegation of New  Zealand led by H.E.  Ms Clare Kelly, 
Ambassador and Permanent Representative of New Zealand to the WTO. Nepal commends her for 
the insightful highlights of New  Zealand 's sixth Trade Policy Review at the be ginning of the meeting.   
5.33.   I appreciate H.E.  Mr Stephen De  Boer, Ambassador of Canada for his comprehensive 
deliberation as discussant of this Review meeting.  
5.34.   My delegation commends the Government of New  Zealand and the WTO Secretariat for 
valuable Reports . These reports have shed light on understanding the major initiatives and progress 
in trade and investment regimes in New  Zealand.  
5.35.   My delegation commends New  Zealand 's continued efforts in strengthening its position as one 
of the most open economies in the world through continuous improvement in its elements of its 
trade and investment regime.   
5.36.   I take good note of its real GDP growth of 3.4% annual on average for its review period 
despite the COVID -19 pandemic.  
5.37.   Trade for all agenda of the Government of New  Zealand remained praiseworthy initiative 
which ensures trade policy supports sustainable and inclusive economic development.  
5.38.   New Zealand 's effort in harnessing pot ential benefits from the multilateral trading system by 
respecting the provisions and spirits of the WTO laws and system is highly commendable.  
5.39.   New Zealand 's contribution to smooth functioning of the WTO and safeguard rule s-based, 
predictable, transparent,  fair and inclusive multilateral trading system by discharging the 
responsibilities of Chair of various WTO bodies as well as actively engaging with Membership has 
been highly valued among the entire Membership.  WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  5.40.   I take good note of New  Zealand's economy b eing recovered strongly and more quickly than 
expected from the COVID -19 pandemic. The priorities especially in keeping New  Zealanders safe 
from COVID -19, accelerating the recovery and rebuild from the impacts of COVID -19, among others 
seem highly relevant  for the people of New  Zealand.  
5.41.   Its priority of investment in infrastructure with a view to improving productivity, supporting 
digitalization , and accelerating the low carbon economy transition is also commendable.  
5.42.   Similarly, responsible and transparent fiscal management, a stable and resilient financial 
system, and an independent central bank contributed to delivering stable prices and maximum 
sustainable employment.  
5.43.   Trade Recovery Strategy 2020 for recovering from the impacts of COVID -19 and to seize new 
opportunities for exports and investment has becoming helpful.  
5.44.   Let me turn to the bilateral front. Nepal enjoys excellent bilateral relation with New  Zealand 
since long back and it has been further strengthened after the establishment of diplomat ic relation 
in 1961 and other regular bilateral activities since then.  
5.45.   My delegation thanks New  Zealand for its continued support being extended in Nepal 's 
development process. Relationship between the countries needs to deepen at people -to-people level 
to enjoy full-fledged  friendship.  
5.46.   I am pleased to recall the historic day of success, 29  May 1953, of two  great persons, one 
from Nepal Mr  Tenzing  Norgay  Sherpa and one from New  Zealand Sir  Edmund  Hillary, who are still 
remembered by the world as they conqu ered the Mount  Everest as the first climbers of the highest 
peak of the world.  
5.47.   This indicates how people to people relation contributes to connecting the world together. We 
celebrated the Mount  Everest day by remembering those two  heroes last week on 29  May and we 
will remember them forever.   
5.48.   Trade, investment, tourism, energy, education, telecom , and ICT among others are some of 
the major areas where we have potential of mutual benefits.  
5.49.   Based on the primary data Nepal imported goods worth of US D 8.8 million in the year 2020 
from New  Zealand while it exported to New  Zealand worth of just USD 961,000 in the same year.  
5.50.   The trade data reveals huge trade imbalance for Nepal. This demands additional collaboration 
and cooperation focusing on reducing this trade gap by further exploring and exploiting the potential 
of mutual benefits.  
5.51.   Nepal looks forward to strengthening its relationship with New  Zealand in the days ahead.  
5.52.   My delegation wishes for a successful Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand.  
EUROPEAN  UNION  
5.53.   Let me first thank the delegation of New  Zealand for the comprehensive overview presente d 
on Wednesday and this morning of the main developments occurred in its trade and economic policy 
in the review period.  
5.54.   The EU is pleased to note that this review has been very useful for better understanding the 
trade policy in New  Zealand and we hope th at New  Zealand will duly take into account some of the 
very few challenges highlighted by Members.  
5.55.   The discussion on the first day of the review has shown that many Members share the EU's 
positive views about the constructive role that New  Zealand plays wi thin the WTO and international 
trade.  We share the universal  appreciation by WTO Members of New  Zealand's unwavering 
commitment to openness and support to the rule s Based multilateral trading system . We would also WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  like to thank New  Zealand for having timel y repl ies to the  advance questions raised by the EU. The 
answers gave us some useful clarifications on the issues we had raised.  
5.56.   We have posted  few follow -up questions, notably on the operation of Zespri , which have been 
transmitted to the WTO and we look forward to the replies by New  Zealand in due time.  
5.57.   In closing, the EU looks forward to continuing our close cooperation with New  Zealand in all 
the relevant multilateral and bilateral fora, as mentioned on Wednesday  we have entered into 
partnership ag reement containing a number of economic and trade  cooperation rules,  and open 
negotiations for high -quality modern free trade agreement  as we  strengthen and deepen our 
relationship even further . On behalf of the EU I would like to congratulate New  Zealand for the 
productive and successful six th Review.  
UNITED  STATES  
5.58.   The United  States would like to thank Ambassador  Kelly for your government's dedication and 
effort in carrying out th is successful Trade Policy Review.  
5.59.   The United  States also values the guidance of the Chair and the discussant,  and the hard work 
of the Secretariat in preparing the Reports , which made this Review possible.   
5.60.   The United  States enjoys a close and constructive relationship with New  Zealand , with 
cooperat ion spanning  a range of issues at the WTO and a share d commitment to market -oriented 
and democratic principles.  
5.61.   We thank New  Zealand and look forward to continuing to work closely together in our 
collective efforts to create a more viable and durable  multilateral trading system.  
5.62.   We wish to congratulate New Zealand  on a successful  Trade Policy Review.  
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  6  CONCLUDING REMARKS BY THE CHAIRPERSON  
6.1.  The sixth  Trade Policy Review of New  Zealand has offered us a good opportunity to deepen our 
understanding of recent developments in, and challenges to, its trade, economic, and investment 
policies since its fifth  TPR in 2015. I would like to thank the New  Zealand delegation, led by 
H.E. Ambassador Clare  Kelly, Permanent Representative of New  Zealand to the WTO, f or the active 
participation in this exercise. My gratitude also goes to our discussant H.E.  Ambassador Stephen 
De Boer, Permanent Representative of Canada, for his insightful comments and to the 41 delegations 
that took the floor during this meeting. The s trong interest in New  Zealand's trade policies is also 
evident from the 442 advance written questions, 268 sent before the meeting.  
6.2.  Members commended the resilience and growth performance of the New  Zealand economy 
despite the global economic turmoil cause d by the COVID -19 pandemic. They praised the timely 
adoption of support measures that allowed the economy to rebound quickly, but also indicated that 
lower migration flows, weak capital accumulation and slowing productivity growth are expected to 
adversely  affect potential output. In this regard, Members applauded New  Zealand for implementing 
both its Trade for All Agenda that aims to ensure that trade benefits all New  Zealanders, and its 
Trade Recovery Strategy which focuses on broadening support for expor ters but also acknowledges 
that further reforms and trade diversification are needed.  
6.3.  New Zealand was praised for its long -standing commitment to trade openness and to the 
multilateral trade system. Members appreciated New  Zealand's active participation a nd constructive 
role in all WTO areas, in particular its strong notifications record, and its involvement in the Joint 
Statement Initiatives, such as on micro, small, and medium -sized enterprises ; e-commerce ; services 
domestic regulation ; investment facili tation ; trade and gender ; and trade and environment. 
Members also welcomed New  Zealand's active engagement in the preparation of MC12, its support 
for a TRIPS  waiver on COVID -19 vaccines, and for reforms to strengthen the WTO. Members 
commended New  Zealand  for having ratified the Agreement on Trade Facilitation, for endorsing the 
expansion of the Information Technology Agreement, and for joining the plurilateral Agreement on 
Government Procurement. They also mentioned that during the review period New  Zeala nd added 
four new regional trading agreements to its RTA network, involving now 29  economies.  
6.4.  Members acknowledged that since its last  Review, New  Zealand updated and modernized its 
trade and investment frameworks to further simplify and streamline admini strative procedures. In 
the area of investment, Members commended New  Zealand for removing screening requirements 
for low -risk transactions while noting that it enhanced the screening for high -risk transactions. They 
also congratulated New  Zealand for its open trade regime, having further reduced its average applied 
MFN tariff rate to 2.2%. Nonetheless, they encouraged New  Zealand to consider reducing the gap 
between bound and applied tariff  rates to further increase tariff predictability. Reforms and n ew 
initiatives in the areas of customs and the digital economy were also welcomed. New  Zealand was 
encouraged to remove its remaining foreign investment restrictions in sensitive sectors, and to 
further promote competition in the economy so as to increase productivity and reduce costs.  
6.5.  At the sectoral level, Members congratulated New  Zealand for maintaining a liberal agricultural 
regime and recognized the importance of the sector for New  Zealand's economy and trade. 
Nevertheless, questions were asked about New  Zealand's regulations in place in the dairy and 
kiwifruit markets, including the perceived advantaged position of the kiwifruit's state trading 
company. On services, some questions were raised regarding New  Zealand's financial, telecoms, 
and tran sport services.  
6.6.  Other areas of interest to Members included the public interest assessment for the application 
of trade remedies; SPS and TBT regimes; recent amendments to the government procurement 
framework; the role of state -owned enterprises and govern ment-related entities in the economy; 
New Zealand's newly signed Digital Economy Partnership Agreement; climate -related policies and 
targets, notably its emissions trading scheme and its zero -carbon -emissions goal; gender issues; 
and various aspects of the  intellectual property rights regime, such as its copyright and Geographical 
Indications regimes, and the protection of Māori traditional knowledge.  
6.7.  The above points are some of the key issues that had emerged in our discussion. I hope that 
the New  Zealand  delegation will consider and further reflect on these issues and on the many 
constructive comments, both broad and detailed, that it has received during this Review. Members WT/TPR/M/426 • New Zealand  
 
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  look forward to receiving the answers from New  Zealand to any outstanding and fol low up questions 
within one  month, at which point the Review will be successfully concluded.  
 
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