DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  
  DUS 2296 -5 
First  Edition  
2021 -mm-dd 
 
 
 Reference number  
DUS 2296 -5: 2021  
© UNBS 2021   
  
Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 5: 
Bracelets, wristbands and patches  
 DUS 2296 -5:2021  
ii © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations  
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2021  
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photoco pying and microfilm, without prior written 
permission from UNBS.  
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to  
The Executive Director  
Uganda National Bureau of Standards  
P.O. Box 6329  
Kampala  
Uganda  
Tel: +256 41 4 333 2 50/1/2/3  
Fax: +256 41 4 286 123  
E-mail: info@unbs.go.ug  
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  DUS 2296 -5:2021  
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normative references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  1 
4.  Active ingredients  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  2 
4.1  Natural repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 2 
4.2  Synthetic repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  3 
5 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  3 
5.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  3 
5.2 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  3 
5.3 Biological efficacy  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 4 
6 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  4 
7 Labelling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  4 
8  Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  5 
Annex  A (normative)  Determination of DEET content  ................................ ................................ ...................  6 
A.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  6 
A.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  6 
A.3 Preparation of calibration curve  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  6 
A.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  6 
A.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  7 
Annex B  (normative)   Determination of total pyrethrins  ................................ ................................ ..............  8 
B.1  General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  8 
B.2  Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  8 
B.3  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  8 
B.4  Operating conditions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  8 
B.5  Preparation of the standard  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  8 
B.6  Sample preparation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  9 
B.7  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  9 
B.8  Calculation of the % total pyrethrins (active ingredient) ................................ ................................ ... 9 
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  10 
  DUS 2296 -5:2021  
iv © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Uganda Nat ional Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade , Industry and 
Cooperatives established under Cap 327 , of the Laws of Uganda , as amended .  UNBS is mandated to co -
ordinate the elaboration of standards and is  
(a) a member of Internat ional Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT  Agreement  of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).  
The work of preparing Uganda Standard s is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of key stakeholders 
including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested pa rties.  
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda S tandards by the National Standards Council.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee UNBS /TC 301, Chemistry  
WDU S 2296  consists of the following parts, under the general title Skin applied mosquito repellents — 
Specification:  
 Part 1: Lotions, creams, gels and ointments  
 Part 2: Sprays and roll -ons  
 Part 3: Wipes  
 Part 4: Bathing soaps  
 Part 5: Bracelets, wristbands and patches   
 Part 6: Jelly  
 
 DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD  DUS 2296 -5: 2021  
 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  1 
 Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 5: 
Bracelets, wristbands and patch es 
1 Scope   
This Draft Uganda Standard specifies  the requirements, sampling and test methods for skin applied mosquito 
repellents prepared as bracelets, wristbands and patches .   
2 Normative references   
The following referenced documents referred t o in the text in such a way that some or all of their content 
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated 
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.   
CIPAC 760, Dermination of picaridin  
CIPAC 667, Determination of ethyl butylacetamidopropionate  
US ISO 22198: 2006,  Textiles — Fabrics — Determination of width and length  
US ISO 2589:2016, Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Determination of  thickness  
US ISO 24153:2009, Random sampling and randomisation procedures  
FDUS 2373 -1, Mosquito repellents ― Performance test guidelines ― Part 1: Skin applied repellents  
 
3 Terms and definitions   
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in US EAS 846 and the following apply . 
ISO and IEC maintain termino logical databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp  
3.1 
bracelet  
 ornament,  band, or chain worn around the wrist . 
3.2 
wristband  
small bracelet or band worn around the wrist for identity purposes or to soak up sweat when playing sport . 
3.3 
patch  
a piece of cloth or other material used to mend or strengthen a torn or weak point .  
2 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 3.4  
mosquito  
blood -sucking dipterous insect of the fa mily Culicidae. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, and Stegomyia 
are genera containing most species involved in the transmission of protozoan and other disease -producing 
parasites.  
3.5  
mosquito repellent  
substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfa ces which deters mosquito from approaching  or settling .  
3.6  
natural repellents  
repellents that contain , plant -based compounds . 
3.7  
synthetic repellents  
conventional repellents containing  chemical compounds  manufactured to imitate the natural compounds.  
3.8  
DEET  
N,N-Diethyl -meta -toluamide or diethyltoluamide . 
3.9  
IR3535  
ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate . 
3.10  
picaridin  
1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl) -2-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperidine or 2 -(2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1 -
methylpropyl ester . 
4.  Active ingredients  
4.1  Natural repellents  
4.1.1  Active ingredients used in natural repellents shall be plant based compounds that are able to  deter 
mosquito es from approaching or settling  on the surface.  Such shall be essential oils or any other plant ex tract 
approved as mosquito repellents.  
4.1.2  The manufacturer shall provide adequate data on the repellence of such ingredients.  
4.1.3   The manufacturer shall have adequate data justifying the proportion of ingredient(s) for which claims 
are made, used i n the product.  
4.1.4   The essential oils and other plant extracts used in natural repellents shall be, but not limited to:  
a)  Cedarwood oil;  
b)  Tea tree oil;  
c)  Geranium oil;  
d)  Rosemary oil;  
e)  Lemongrass oil;  
f)  Citronella oil;  DUS  2296 -5:2021 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  3 
 g)  Eucalypt us oil; and  
h)  Cinnamon oil.  
i)  Neem oil  
4.1.5  The proportion of single or blended active ingredient (s) in natural repellent shall be set by the 
manufacturer in accordance with specific standard and records shall be availed.  
4.1.6  Pyrethrum extracts s uch as pyrethrins when considered in natural repellents   shall not be less than 
0.5% w/w,   in accordance with annex B . 
4.2  Synthetic repellents  
4.2.1  Synthetic repellents shall contain chemical compounds that  are able to deter mosquitoes from 
approachin g or settling on the surface   
4.2.2  If the synthetic active ingredient is blended with other active ingredient (s), either natural or synthetic, 
the proportion shall be set by the manufacturer based on scientific research and records shall be availed.  
  
5 Requirements  
5.1 General  requirements  
5.1.1  The product shall constitute a mosquito repellent that is formulated as wristbands, bracelets or 
patches and shall be essentially a product which has active ingredient (s) added to a certain level.  
5.1.2  The p roduct shall be a pack of bands primarily composed of 100% microfiber  with no harmful 
chemicals used .  
5.1.3  Each band shall have an effective fragrance for repelling mosquitoes . 
5.2 Specific requirements  
5.2.1  Active ingredients and their content in synt hetic repellents shall meet the requirements prescribed in 
table 1.  
Table 1— Requirements for a ctive ingredient s  for synthetic repellents  in form of bracelets, wristbands 
and patches .  
S/N  Characteristic  Requirements  Test methods  
i DEET , % w/w.  4 – 50 Annex A  
ii Picaridin , % w/w.  5 – 20 CIPAC 740  
iii IR3535 , % w/w.  7.5 – 20.07 CIPAC 667  
 
 
5.2.2 The product shall comply with the specific requirement s given in table 2 when tested in accord ance  to 
the methods described therein.   
4 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Table 2 – Specific require ments for  skin applied mosquito repellent s in form of bracelets, wristbands 
and patches . 
S/N  Parameter  Requirements  Test methods  
1 Length , (mm)  150 – 250 US ISO 22198  
  2 Width , (mm)  12 – 25 
3 Thickness , (mm)   2 - 4 US ISO 2589  
4 Circumference, (mm)  X – Smal l 165.1  US ISO 22198  
Small  177.8  
Medium  190.5 
Large  203.2  
X – Large  215.9  
 
5.3 Biological efficacy  
When tested in accordance with FDUS 2373 -1, the product shall repel 100 % of the mosquitoes from 
approaching or settling on that s urface, within protection time indicated by the manufacturer.  
  
6 Packaging  
The product shall be packaged in suitable well-closed container to protect the integrity of the product during 
handling, t ransportation, storage and sale . 
7 Labelling  
The package shall be labelled  legibly and indelibly with the following information :  
a)  name of pr oduct  as “bracelet” , “wristband ” and “patch ”. . 
b) name  and physical  address of manufacturer ;  
c)  importer/distributors name, address (if applicable);  
d)  active ingre dient (s) content,   
e)  intended use, e.g. repellent;  
f)  net weight;   
g)  instruction for use, storage and disposal;  
h)  country of origin;  
i)  date of manufacture  
j) expiry; or best before  date;  
k)  batch  or code  number;  DUS  2296 -5:2021 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  5 
 l)  safety caution; and  
m)  special population whose exposure is prohibited (children and pregnant women).  
8  Sampling  
Sampl ing shall be done  in accordance with U S ISO 24153   
  
 
   
6 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex  A 
(normative)  
 
Determination of DEET content  
A.1 General  
The sample is dissolved in carbon dis ulfide and the difference in absorbance at 14.18 μm and at 14.48 μm is 
determined. The quantity of meta -isomer is obtained from this value by means of a calibration curve prepared 
by the use of a reference standard  
A.2 Apparatus  
A.2.1  Double -beam infrared spectrophotometer. Perkin -Elmer model 21 or equivalent  
A.2.2  Two equivalent infrared absorption cells, with sodium chloride windows and a path length of 
approximately 0.4 mm.  
A.3 Preparation of calibration curve  
A.3.1  Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg) into fou r volumetric flasks sufficient amounts of the reference DEET 
standard of known purity to give concentrations of approximately 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L when dissolved in 
carbon disulfide . 
A.3.2  Fill the reference cell with carbon disulfide and the sample cell with each of the standard solutions in 
turn, and record the spectra. The spectrum may be scanned rapidly, except for the region 12 – 15 μm, where 
a normal speed should be used. Carry out a blank measurement with carbon disulfide to correct for any 
inequali ty in the paired cells and to determine whether a cell correction is required . 
A.3.3  Measure the absorbance at 14.18 μm and at 14.48 μm and calculate the difference between these 
values, ΔA, for each of the solutions. Plot the values of ΔA against the conc entration (g/L) of the meta -isomer.  
A.3.4  If a cell correction is required, the value of ΔA is determined from the formula:  
ΔA = [A14.18 – A14.48]ref. - [A14.48]blank  
Where ref. = determination with reference standard  
blank = determination on CS2 blank  
A.4 Procedure  
Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg)  about 0.5 g of the sample, transfer quantitatively to a 10 mL volumetric flask, 
and make up to the mark with carbon disulfide. Measure the infrared absorption at 14.18 μm and 14.48 μm 
using the same conditions as de scribed in clause  A.3. Determine the concentration of meta -isomer by 
comparing this value with the calibration curve. A standard sample should be run each day to check the 
calibration of the instrument.  DUS  2296 -5:2021 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  7 
 A.5 Calculation  
DEET content (g/kg) =  (𝐶1 𝑥 𝑃)/𝐶2 
where,  
C1 = concentration (g/L) of standard DEET found from calibration curve  
C2 = concentration (g/L) of sample taken  
P = purity (g/kg) of the reference standard   
8 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex B  
(normative)  
 
 Determination of total pyrethrins  
B.1  General  
The active ingredien ts in pyrethrum extract may be determined using a HPLC system first by injecting a 
solution of the analyte into the chromatograph, followed by the separation and comparison of peaks areas of 
the analytes in the sample with that of an external standard cont aining a known amount of the analytes. The 
peaks are eluted in the following order: Cinerin II, Pyrethrin II, Jasmolin II (total Pyrethrins II) and Cinerin I, 
Pyrethrin I, Jasmolin I (total Pyrethrins I).  
B.2  Reagents  
B.2.1 World pyrethrum standard, 50%   
B.2.2 Acetonitrile, HPLC grade  
B.2.3 Water, HPLC grade  
B.3  Apparatus  
A liquid chromatography  System equipped with an auto -sampler, a Variable Wavelength D etector (or 
equivalent) and a Column {Phenomenex, 250 x 4.6 mm Luna Phenyl -Hexyl 5μ Reverse Phase (or 
equivalent)}.  
B.4  Operating conditions  
B.4.1 Flow rate: 1.5 ml/min  
B.4.2 Composition: 40:60 (%, v/v water/acetonitrile)  
B.4.3 Elution: Isocratic  
B.4.4 Oven temperature: 40 ºC  
B.4.5 Wavelength: 240 nm  
B.4.6 Injection Volume: 15 µl  
B.4.7 Stop time: 22 min  
B.4.8 Post time: 1 min  
B.5  Preparation of the standard  
Weigh 20 mg of the pyrethrum standard to the nearest 0.0001 g in a 100 mL volumetric flas k and dilute to 
volume with Acetonitrile and label it. Transfer a small portion to a sample vial and label it accordingly.  DUS  2296 -5:2021 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  9 
 B.6  Sample preparation  
In a 100 ml volumetric flask, weigh 20 mg to the nearest 0.0001 g of the sample to be analyzed and dilute t o 
volume with Acetonitrile. Sample this solution using a vial and label it accordingly.  
B.7  Procedure  
After the chromatograph is stable, make a minimum of three injections for the standard solution as well as for 
the analyte and average the area counts. The relative Standard Deviation between injections should be within 
2 %. 
B.8  Calculation of the % total pyrethrins (active ingredient)  
The % Total Pyrethrins is calculated as follow:  
% 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒  𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠  = (𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒  𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎  𝑋 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑  𝑋 𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦  𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑  (𝑖𝑛 %)) ÷ 
(𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒  𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑  𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑋 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 .) 
   
10 © UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Bibliogr aphy  
[1] DRS 392 -5: 2018, Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 5: Bracelets, wristbands 
and patches  
[2] RS 191: 2019, Refined pyrethrum concentrate — Specification  
 
  DUS  2296 -5:2021 
© UNBS 2021  – All rights reserved  11 
 Certification marking  
Products that conform to Uganda standards may b e marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
(UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below.  
The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made 
thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licens ed under the certification mark scheme operated by 
the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction with the relevant Uganda Standard. The 
presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with t he 
requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the 
certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are 
continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that sta ndard.  
Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda 
National Bureau of Standards.  
 
   DUS 2296 -5:2021  
 
ICS 71.100.70  
Price based on nn pages  
© UNBS 2021 – All rights reserved