RESTRICTED  WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
5 July 1999 
 (99-2773) 
Working Party on the 
Accession of Georgia  
 
 
 
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY 
 ON THE ACCESSION OF GEORGIA 
 
Consolidated List  
 
  
 The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Geor gia has submitted the following consolidated 
list of specific commitments in services, reflec ting the results of the negotiations so far. 
 
 
_______________ 
  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 2 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
I.  HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS 
Commitments include all 
sectors 1) None 
 
2) None 
 3) Privatisation 
An organisation, in which the Government's share exceeds 25%, 
has no right to participate as a buyer in privatisation process.  
4) Entry and temporary stay 
Unbound, except for measures co ncerning temporary entry and 
stay of nationals of another member who fall into the categories 
listed below: Services Salespersons - persons not based in the territory of the 
Georgia and receiving no rem uneration from a source located 
within the Georgia, who are engaged in activities related to representing a services supplier for the purpose of negotiating for 
sale of the services of that supplier: a) such sales are not directly 
made to the general public and b) the salesperson is not engaged in supplying the service. Entry for persons named in this section 
is limited to a 90-day period. Prolongation is allowed only once a 
year after two months from the date of expiration of this period. 1) Unbound for subsidies, tax incentives and 
tax credits 
2) Unbound for subsidies, tax incentives and 
tax credits 3) Not less than one third of the board of 
directors of a "joint stock company" must be 
Georgian citizens with domicile in Georgia (except for holding companies). At least one 
manager of a "corporation with limited 
liability" must have his domicile in Georgia. 
The administrators of a "co-operative society" 
must be composed of a not less than one third of Georgian citizens with domicile in Georgia. 
The establishment of a branch requires a 
representative (natural person) with domicile in Georgia who is duly authorized by the 
company to fully represent it. 
Eligibility for subsidies, tax incentives and tax credits may be limited to persons established 
in a particular geographical sub-division of 
Georgia. Real estate 
Unbound except for the following : 
Acquisition of non agricultural land Acquisition of buildings needed to conduct 
services activities 
Leasing agricultural land for 49 years, and non agricultural land for 99 years. 
Acquisition of agricultural land by joint 
ventures 
4) Unbound, except for measures concerning 
the categories of natural persons referred to in the market access column.    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 3Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
Commitments include all 
sectors Persons responsible for the setting up of a commercial presence : 
Persons who are employees of an enterprise not having presence 
in Georgia and who have been beforehand employees of that enterprise outside Georgia for a time period not less than one year 
immediately preceding their app lication for admission, and who 
are entering Georgia for the purpose of setting up a commercial   
 presence of that enterprise in Ge orgia. Persons responsible for the 
setting-up of a commercial presence may not engage in making direct sales to the general public or supplies services themselves. 
Entry for these persons is limited to a one-year period. 
Persons who are employees of an enterprise outside Georgia not 
having commercial presence in Georgia (other than enterprises   
 providing services as defined by CPC 872), which has concluded 
a services contract with an en terprise engaged in substantive 
business in Georgia, and who have been beforehand employees of 
the enterprise outside Georgia for a time period of not less than 
one year immediately preceding th eir application for admission. 
Per contract, temporary entry for a limited number of service 
suppliers will be granted for a single period of three month, the 
number of service suppliers depending on the size of the task to be performed under the contract.  Individual services providers 
not employed by such enterprise  outside Georgia and considered 
as persons seeking access to th e Georgian employment market. 
   
 Intra-corporate Transferees - managers, executives and 
specialists, as defined below, wh o are employees of firms that 
provide services within  Georgia through a branch, subsidiary, or 
affiliate established in Georgia and who have been in the prior 
employees of their firm outside the Georgia for a period of not 
less than one year,  immediately preceding the date of their 
application for admission and who are one of the following:  
    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 4 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
Commitments include all 
sectors a) managers - persons within an organisation who primarily direct 
the organisation, or a department or sub-division of the 
organisation, supervise and control the work of other supervisory, professional or managerial employees, have the authority to hire 
and fire or remand the decision on hiring, firing, or other personal 
actions (such as promotion or l eave authorisation), and exercise 
discretionary authority over day-to-day operations. Do not include 
first line supervisors, unless the employees supervised are 
professionals, not does it include employees who primarily perform tasks necessary for the provision of the service. 
b) Executives - persons within the organisation who primarily 
direct the management of the organisation, establish the goals and policies of the organisation, exercise wide latitude in decision-
making, and receive only general supervision or direction from 
higher-level executives, the board of directors, or stockholders of 
the business. Executives would not directly perform tasks related 
to the actual provision of a service or services of the organisation.   
 c) Specialists - persons within an organisation who possess 
knowledge at an advanced level of continued expertise and who possess priority knowledge of the organisation's services, research 
equipment, techniques, or management. 
 Entry for persons named in this section is limited to a three-year 
period that may be extended for up two additional years for a total 
term not to exceed five years  
   
    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 5 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
II  SECTOR SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 
1. BUSINESS SERVICES 
A) Professional Services  
a) Legal services 
(Including consultancy on home country law and international 
law) 
(CPC 861)  
 
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section  
 
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Accounting, auditing and bookkeeping services 
(CPC 862) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Taxation services 
(CPC 863)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Architectural services 
(CPC 8671) 
 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Engineering services 
(CPC 8672) 
 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
f) Integrated engineering services 
(CPC 8673) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 6 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
g) Urban planning and Landsc ape architectural services 
(CPC 8674*) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
h) Medical and dental services 
(excluding transplants and autopsy) 
(CPC 9312) (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
i) Veterinary services 
(CPC 932)  (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) Computer and Related Services  
a) Consulting services related to the installation of computer 
hardware        (CPC 841) 
  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Software implementation services  
(CPC 842)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Data processing services 
(CPC 843)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Data base services 
(CPC 844) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 7Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
-- Maintenance and repair serv ices of office machinery and 
equipment including computers 
(CPC 845)  (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  Unbound* 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
 
  
 
e) Data preparation services (CPC 849 exc.8499) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Research and Development Services  
a) R&D services on natural sciences  (CPC 851)  
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section  
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) R&D services on social sciences and humanities 
(CPC 852) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Interdisciplinary R&D services 
(CPC 853)  
 (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
D) Real Estate Services  
(a) Involving own or leased property (CPC 821) 
 
  
1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 8 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
(b) On a fee or contract basis 
(CPC 822) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
E) Rental/Leasing services without Operators  
a) Relating to ships 
(CPC 83103)   
(1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Relating to aircraft 
(CPC 83104) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Relating to other transport equipment 
(CPC 83101  + 83102 + 83105) 
  (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Relating to other machinery and equipment 
(CPC 83106 – 83109) (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
F) Other Business Services  
a) Advertising services (CPC 871)  
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None (2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 9Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
b) Market research services 
(CPC 864) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Management consulting services 
(CPC 865) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Services related to Management consulting 
(CPC 866)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section  
   
e) Technical testing and analysis services (CPC 8676) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
f) Services incidental to agriculture, hunting and forestry  
(CPC 88110) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
g) Services incidental to fishing 
(CPC 882**) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
h) Services incidental to mining   
(CPC 883**)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 10 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
i) Services incidental to manufacturing 
( CPC 8841+8842+8843+8844 
+8846+8847+8848+8849+885+886) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
j) Services incidental  to energy distribution 
(CPC 887**) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
k) Placement and supply services of personnel 
(CPC 87205+87206) (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section  
m) Scientific and technical consulting services 
(CPC 8675) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
q) Packaging services 
(CPC 876) 
  (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
p) Photographic services   
(CPC 875 except for aerial photography) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 11Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
r) Printing and publishing services  
(CPC 88442) 
  
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply services only 
through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share is not limited 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None  
 
  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
 
  
 
s) Convention services 
(part of CPC 8790) 
 
  
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share 
is not limited (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
  
 
 (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
t) Other 
Repair services of personal and household goods 
(CPC 633) 
 (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
Repair services incidental to metal products, machinery and 
equipment (CPC 886) 
 (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 12 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
Others business services 
(CPC 879 exc. 87909) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply services only 
through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share is not limited  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  
 
  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES 
B) Courier Services  
(CPC 7512)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Telecommunication Services  
a) Voice telephone services    (CPC 7521) 
b) Packet-switched data transmission services  
(CPC 7523**) c) Circuit-switched data transmission services   
(CPC 7523**) 
d) Telex services  (CPC 7523**) e)  Telegraph services (CPC 7522) 
f)  Facsimile services (CPC 7521**+7529**) 
g) Private leased circuit services  (CPC 7522**+7523**) 
h) Electronic mail   (CPC 7523**) 
i) Voice mail     (CPC 7523**) j) On-line information and database retrieval   
(CPC 7523**) 
k) Electronic data interchange (EDI) (CPC 7523**) 
l) Enhanced/value-added facsimile services, including store and 
forward, store and retrieve     (CPC 7523**)  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
Georgia undertakes the 
obligations contained in 
the reference paper attached hereto.   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 13Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
m) Code and protocol conversion 
n) On-line information and/or data processing (incl. transaction 
processing) (CPC 843**) o) Other mobile services 
Analogue/Digital cellular  services  (CPC 75213*) 
PCS (personal communicati on services, CPC 75213*) 
Paging services (CPC 75291*) 
Mobile data services (CPC 7523**) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section Georgia undertakes the 
obligations contained in 
the reference paper attached hereto. 
D) Audio-visual services  
a) Motion picture and video tape production and distribution 
services 
(CPC 96111+96112+96113 + 96114) 
  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section  
(1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Motion picture projection services 
(CPC 9612) 
 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Radio and television services excluding transmission services 
(CPC 9613 exc.96133) 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Sound recording 
 (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None other than : Foreign 
persons are allowed to supply 
services only through the joint ventures. Participation of foreign 
equity share is not limited 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
 
  
 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
  
 
   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 14 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
3. CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING 
SERVICES 
A) General construction work for buildings  
(CPC 512) 
  
 
(1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None  
 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 
  
 
(1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff must be Georgian citizens 
 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) General construction work for civil engineering  
(CPC 513)  
 (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory service (2) None 
(3) None 
 (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section 
 (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services (2) None 
(3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff 
must be Georgian citizens (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Installation and assembling work  
(CPC 514+516) 
 (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
D) Building completion and finishing work  
(CPC 517) 
 (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None 
 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff 
must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 15Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
E) Other  
(CPC 511,515,518) 
  (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None (3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff 
must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES 
A) Commission agents services  
(CPC 621) 
  
(1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) Wholesale trade services  
(CPC 622)  (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Retailing services  
(CPC 631+ 632 + 611) 
 
 (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
D) Franchising  
(CPC 8929) 
 (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
5. EDUCATIONAL SERVICES 
A) Primary education services  
(CPC 921) 
 
  
(1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section  
(1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 16 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
B) Secondary education services  
Privately Funded Only 
(CPC 922*)  (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Higher education services  
Privately Funded Only 
(CPC 923*)  
 (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
D) Adult education  
(CPC 924)  (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 
A) Sewage services  
(CPC 9401)  
(1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) Refuse disposal services  
(CPC 9402) 
 (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Sanitation and similar services  
(CPC 9403) 
 (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 17Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
D) Cleaning services of exhaust gases  
(CPC 9404) (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
E) Noise abatement services  
(CPC 9405) (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services (2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services (2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
F) Other nature and landscape protection services  
(CPC 9406) (1) Unbound other than consulting 
and advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
G) Other environmental protection services  
(CPC 9409) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None other than:  Foreign 
persons are allowed to supply services only through the joint 
ventures.  Participation of foreign 
equity share is not limited. (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
  
 
 (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 18 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES 
A) Insurance and insurance-related services  
a) Life, accident and health insu rance services (except workers 
compensation insurance) 
(CPC 81211+81291)   
 
(1) No persons or companies 
(including insurance companies) may for business purposes in Georgia 
assist in effecting direct insurance for 
persons resident in Georgia other than  insurance companies registered 
in Georgia and licensed by Georgian 
competent authorities. 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
 
(1) Unbound 
  
 
  
 
 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Non-life insurance services 
(CPC 8129 excl. 81291 and excl. 81293) 
 (1) No persons or companies 
(including insurance companies) may 
for business purposes in Georgia assist in effecting direct insurance for 
persons resident in Georgia, for 
Georgian ships  or for property of 
Georgia, other than  insurance 
companies registered in Georgia and licensed by Georgian competent 
authorities. 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 19Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
-  Marine, aviation and other transport insurance services 
(CPC 81293) 
 (1) Unbound except direct insurance 
regarding international transport 
involving import into Georgia where None 
(2) Insurance of risks relating to 
exports by residents of Georgia may be underwritten only by insurance 
firms established in Georgia. 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound 
 
  
(2) None 
  
 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Reinsurance and retrocession 
(CPC 812299)  (1)  None 
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Services auxiliary to insurance and pension funding 
(CPC 8140) (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1)  None  
(2)  None (3)  None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) Banking and other Financial Services  
a) Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the 
republic  
(CPC 81115-81119)   
 
(1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
 
(1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
b) Lending of all types, include.. inter alia, consumer credit, 
mortgage credit, factoring and financing of commercial 
transaction   
(CPC 8113) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 20 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
c) Financial leasing  
(CPC 8112) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d.) All payment and money transmission services  
(CPC 81339**) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Guarantees and commitments 
(CPC 81199**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
f) Trading for own account or for account of customers, whether 
on an exchange, in an over-the-counter market or otherwise, the 
following: (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
- money market instruments (cheques, bills, certificate of 
deposits, etc.) (CPC 81339*); 
 - foreign exchange (CPC 81333*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
- Derivative products including but not limited to, futures and 
options (CPC 81339*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
- exchange rate and interest rate instruments, including products 
such as swaps, forward rate agreements, etc.(CPC 81339*) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 21Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
- transferable securities 
(CPC 81321*) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
- other negotiable instruments and financial assets, including 
bullion (CPC 81339*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(g) Participation in issues of all kinds of securities, including 
underwriting and placement as agent (whether publicly or 
privately) and provision of service related to such issues 
(CPC 8132) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(h) Money broking 
(CPC 81339*) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(i) Asset management such as cash or portfolio management, all 
forms of collective investment management, custodial, 
depository and trust services (CPC 8119 *, 81323*). (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(j) Settlement and clearing services for financial assets, incl. 
securities, derivative products, and other negotiable instruments 
(CPC 81339 *, 81319*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
(k) Advisory, inter-mediation and other auxiliary financial 
services on all the activities listed in 5(a)(v) through (xv) of the Annex on Financial Services, incl. credit reference and analysis, 
investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on 
acquisitions and on corporate restructuring  and strategy (CPC 8131*, 8133*) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 22 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
(l) Provision and transfer of financial information and financial 
data processing and related software by providers of other 
financial services (CPC 8131*, 842*, 844*) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES 
The knowledge of Georgian language (the State language) is obligatory for pharmacists, who works in Georgia.  
A) Management and operation by contract of hospital and 
healthcare facilities on a "for fee"  basis  
(CPC 931) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) Other Human Health Services  
CPC 9319, other than 93191) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C)  Social services  
(CPC 933) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES 
A)  Hotels and restaurants (including catering)  
(CPC 641-643) 
 (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
 
 
B) Travel agencies and tour operators services  
(CPC 7471) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 23Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
C)  Tourist guides services  
(CPC 7472) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL  AND SPORTING SERVICES 
A) Entertainment services (including theatre, live bands and 
circus services)  
(CPC 9619)  (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
B) News agency services  
(CPC 962)  (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural services  
(CPC 963)  (1) None 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
D) Sporting and other recreational services  
(CPC 964) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
 
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES 
A) Maritime Transport Services  
b)  Freight transportation 
(CPC 7212**) 
  
(1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 24 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
c) Rental of vessels with crew 
(CPC 7213)  
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Maintenance and repair of vessels (CPC 8868**) 
 (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Pushing and towing services 
(CPC 7214)  (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C) Air Transport Services  
b) Sales and marketing, including computer reservation systems  
(1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Maintenance and repair of aircraft 
(CPC 8868**)   (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
  
 
E) Rail Transport Services  
(CPC 7111,7112,7113) (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) - Railroad infrastructure is the 
state property and its exploitation is a 
monopoly 
      - Rail transport : None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) – Railroad infrastructure is the state 
property and its exploitation is a monopoly 
      - Rail transport : None 
 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10
 Page 25Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
d) Maintenance and repair of 
rail transport equipment   
(CPC 8868**)  (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
F) Road Transport Services  
d) Maintenance and repair of  
road transport equipment  (CPC 6112+8867)  
(1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
e) Freight transp ortation Services 
(CPC 7123) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share 
is not limited (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None  
  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
H) Services auxiliary to all modes of transport  
a) Cargo handling services (CPC 741) 
  
(1) Unbound* (2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share 
is not limited (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(1) Unbound* (2) None 
(3) None 
  
 
 (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 26 
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons 
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Li mitations on National Treatment Additional commitments 
b) Storage and warehousing services 
(CPC 742) 
  
 
 (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply services only 
through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share is not limited 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  
 
  
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
c) Freight transpor t agency services 
(CPC 748) (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only through the joint ventures. 
Participation of foreign equity share 
is not limited (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None 
  
 
 (4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
d) Other supporting and auxiliary transport services 
(CPC 749*) 
-Freight brokerage services; 
-Bill auditing and freight rate information services 
 1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None other than : Foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only 
through the joint ventures. Participation of foreign equity share 
is not limited 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
 
  
 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section  
-Freight inspection services (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as  indicated in the 
horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
 Page 27 
 
 
ATTACHMENT TO THE GEORGIA LIST ON BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS 
SERVICES 
 
REFERENCE PAPER 
Scope   
 
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services.     Definitions  
 
 
Users  mean service consumers and service suppliers.   
 Essential facilities
 mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that   
 
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  and   
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically  substituted in order to provide a service.   
 A major supplier
 is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of 
participation (having regard to price and supply) in  the relevant market for basic telecommunications 
services as a result of:   
(a) control over essential facilities;  or   
(b) use of its position in the market.    1.  Competitive safeguards
   
 
1.1  Prevention of anti-competitiv e practices in telecommunications   
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for th e purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or 
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.   
 1.2  Safeguards
   
 
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:   
 (a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;   (b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results;  and   (c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information about 
essential facilities and commercially relevant informa tion which are necessary for them to provide 
services.    2.  Interconnection
   
 2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers  providing public telecommunications transport 
networks or services in order to allow the users of  one supplier to communicate with users of another 
supplier and  to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.    2.2  Interconnection to be ensured
   
 
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at  any technically feasible point in the network.  
Such interconnection is provided.    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 28  
 
(a)  under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (inc luding technical standards and specifications) 
and rates and of a quality no less favourable than  that provided for its own like services or for 
like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;   
(b)  in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (i ncluding technical standards and specifications) 
and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, 
and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided;  and   
(c)  upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the majority of 
users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary additional facilities.   
 2.3  Public availability of the pr ocedures for interconnection negotiations
   
 
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a ma jor supplier will be made publicly available.   
 2.4  Transparency of interconnection arrangements
   
 
It is ensured that a major supplier will make public ly available either its interconnection agreements 
or a reference interconnection offer.    2.5  Interconnection:  dispute settlement
   
 A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:   
(a) at any time or   
(b) after a reasonable period of time wh ich has been made publicly known   
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 
below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate te rms, conditions and rates for interconnection within 
a reasonable period of time, to the extent that  these have not been established previously.   
 
3.  Universal service  
 
 Any Member has the right to define the kind of uni versal service obligation it wishes to maintain.  
Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-comp etitive per se, provided they are administered in a 
transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively ne utral manner and are not more burdensome than 
necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.    4. Public availability of licensing criteria  
 
 Where a license is required, the following will be made publicly available:   
 
(a)  all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a license  and   
(b)  the terms and conditions of  individual licenses.    
The reasons for the denial of a license will be made known to the applicant upon request.   
 5.  Independent regulators
   
 The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be 
impartial with respect to all market participants.   
  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
 Page 29 
 
 
6.  Allocation and use of scarce resources    
 Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce  resources, including frequencies, numbers and 
rights of way, will be carried out in an objective,  timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. 
The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed 
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/10 
Page 30  
List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions  
 
Sector or sub-
sector Description of measure indica ting its inconsistency with 
Article II Countries to which 
the measure applies Intended 
duration Conditions creating the need for the 
exemption 
Transport  services   
 
 Fishing related services   
Motion picture 
or video tape production services Bilateral road transport agreements on the basis of 
reciprocity, which allow the respective countries to carry out international transporta tion of passengers and cargo. 
 
 
 Access to Georgian waters for fish catches is granted on the basis of reciprocity   
Bilateral agreement between France and Georgia on 
cinematography. According to  the agreement the joint 
films can be produced only with participation of citizens of Georgia, France and other European Union countries, or with participation of pe rsons having the Georgian or 
French nationality All countries with 
which agreements are or will be in force 
 
 All countries    
France and other 
European Union countries  Indefinite 
   
 
 
Indefinite 
   
Indefinite Improvement of relations in transport 
sector. Protection of environment and regulation of traffic rights on the territory of Georgia 
 
 In order to regulate the consumption of natural resources   
To facilitate and enrich the cultural 
relations and develop the exchange of products of cinematography 
  
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