./.RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONG/ADP/AHG/W/95
21 September 2000
(00-3762)
Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices
Ad Hoc Group on ImplementationOriginal:  English
TOPIC 3 – SAMPLING METHOD UNDER ARTICLE 6.10
Paper by Turkey
The following communication, dated 18 September 2000, has been received from the
Permanent Mission of Turkey.
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Views of the Turkish delegation on the topics laid out in paper G/ADP/W/401 as requested by
WTO/AIR/1372.
The Group, at the meetings held on 27-28 October 1998, had discussed Topic 3 and particular
questions were raised stemming from Members' practices.  Now, we would like to address such points
concerning sampling.
In Turkish practice, sampling may be applied where the number of producers or products is so
large that an individual examination would be unduly burdensome for the investigating authority and
timely completion of the investigation may not be attained.  Samples are generally selected either to
be statistically valid on the basis  of information av ailable to the authorities at the time of selection or
as the largest percentage of the volume of the exports from the country in question which can
reasonably be investigated.  As for the timing of selection of samples, it is observed mostly that the
investigating authorities may not have knowledge of all the producers or products before the initiation
or at the very beginning of the investigation.  Therefore, in some instances it would be more accurate
to make such selection following the receipt of responses to the questionnaires.
Where, in an investigation, it is decided to employ sampling but there is a degree of non-
cooperation by some or all of the parties selected and which is likely to affect the outcome of the
investigation, then a new sample may be selected taking into account the time constraints.  New
consultations may or may not be held with such party(s) depending on the availability of time.
In practice, we apply either product sampling or producer sampling or both.  In some of the
cases, being statistically valid may or may not coincide with the largest volume of exports especially
in the case of industries with a few large and many small companies.  In any case our general
objective when sampling is to examine sales representing at least 51 per cent of the total apparentvolume during the period of investigation, although there could be cases where the sample may cover
a greater or lesser percentage.  When it is the types of product which require sampling, again the
products selected in the sample must represent a significant share of the total volume of products
exported to Turkey, which is in our view minimum 51 per cent.  Yet in our experience up to date,
such share has always been high above 51 per cent.  Nevertheless, utmost attention should be paid to
include maximum number of producers or products in sampling.G/ADP/AHG/W/95
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As for the companies to be included in the "all others duty rate", in Turkish practice, it is
either that such companies have never showed up du ring the investigation or that those companies had
not cooperated albeit invited.  Also, in our duty determinations and public notices, we normally hold a
different position for the cooperating producers which were not included in the sample but deemed
cooperative, in which they receive the weighted average dumping margin of the sample.
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