WORLD TRADE G/SPS/GEN/39
10October 1997
ORGANIZATION(97-4350)
Original: English Committee onSanitary andPhytosanitary Measures
FAO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME:
FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY1
Submission bytheCodex Alimentarius Commission
attheMeeting of15-16 October 1997
A. Introduction
TheFoodandAgriculture Organization oftheUnited Nations (FAO) istheprincipal specialised
agency oftheUnited Nations dealing withallaspects offoodquality andsafety throughout thestages
ofproduction, storage, transportation, processing, andmarketing andthedevelopment ofagricultural
andfood-based programmes toimprove nutrition andrural andnational economies.
FAOworkonfoodstandards, quality andsafety includes policy formulation anddevelopmental
projects onfoodcontrol, foodlawandtechnical regulations; foodquality andsafety control programmes
forthefood industry; establishment ofnational export food certification programmes; food
contamination monitoring programmes; regional training programmes andworkshops onspecific
technical aspects offoodcontrol; publications andtechnical manuals onfoodcontrol subjects; expert
consultations toaddress specific problems concerning foodquality and/or safety; allbased onthework
ofFAO/WHO Expert Committee ’sscientific evaluations andtheCodex Alimentarius Commission
inestablishing science-based standards, recommendations andguidelines forfoodquality andsafety.
There areimportant synergies between FAOandtheWorld Trade Organization (WTO) inthe
areaoffoodtrade. FAOandWTO haveaclose andexpanding working relationship inmatters related
tofoodstandardsandsanitaryandphytosanitarymeasures.TheCodexAlimentariusCommission(CAC)
andtheInternational Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), forwhich FAO provides thesecretariats,
havecollaborated closely withtheWTO Committees constituted toimplement andmonitor activities
ontheUruguay Round Agreements onSanitary andPhytosanitary Measures (SPS) andonTechnical
Barriers toTrade (TBT) bothintheformulation stages andintheimplementation oftherelevant
agreements.
FAO provides technical assistance tomember countries onarange ofSPSandTBTissues
directly related tofood standards, quality andsafety; along with other SPSissues related to
transboundary animal andplant pests anddiseases; plant quarantine andprotection legislation; pest
riskanalysis; theuseofbiological control agents forplant protection; theharmonisation ofplant
protection measures; theimplementation oftheInternational Plant Protection Convention (IPPC);
technical andscientific areas ofanimal health andproduction; andthestrengthening ofnational
veterinary services.
1Prepared bytheStaff oftheFood Quality andStandards Service, Food andNutrition Division, Food andAgriculture
Organization oftheUnited Nations, Rome, Italy, forpresentation totheWorld Trade Organization, Committee onSanitary
andPhytosanitary Measures andtheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade (October 1997).G/SPS/GEN/39
Page2
Inmany specialised fields, FAOhasexpertise thatcanbedrawn onbyWTO anditsMembers,
mostofwhom arealsomembers ofFAO. FAO hasextensive experience inproviding itsmembers
withtechnicalassistanceconcerningawiderangeofWTO-relatedissues.FAO’snormativeandtechnical
assistanceworkonfoodquality,safetyandstandardswasstartedinthe1950’sandhasgrowncontinously
overtheyears.
TheSPSandTBTAgreements obligations ofWTO Members haveresulted inasignificant
upturn inrequests forFAO technical assistance. Developed anddeveloping countries appreciate that
theuseofCodex Alimentarius standards, guidelines andrecommendations isofprimary importance
inmeeting SPSandTBTrequirements forinternational foodtrade. There isparticular interest in
strengthening national foodcontrol systems, harmonising national foodregulations withinternational
standards andestablishing import/export foodinspection andcertification systems toensure conformity
withtheSPSandTBTAgreements.
B.I. TheRelationship oftheWTO Agreements totheFAO Technical Assistance Programmes
TheUruguay Round ofMultilateral Negotiations finalised bytheWTO included anumber
ofAgreements which directly relate totheongoing activities ofFAO. They included, among others ,
theAgreement ontheApplication ofSanitary andPhytosanitary Measures (SPS) andtheAgreement
onTechnical Barriers toTrade (TBT). FAO’stechnical assistance programmes contribute totheability
ofMember countries tomeet theirobligations andaccrue thebenefits ofthese agreements. This
paper provides moredetailed information onthefoodquality, standards andsafety aspects ofthiswork.
TheSPSAgreement hasasitsprimary purpose theprotection ofhuman, animal andplantlife
andhealth through theimplementation ofsanitary andphytosanitary measures which arejustifiably
necessary andarenotdisguised technical barriers totrade. Considering onlythose provisions related
tosanitary protection measures, theSPSAgreement hasspecific provisions related torisksarising from
additives, contaminants, toxins ordisease-causing organisms infood, beverages orfeedstuffs. The
Agreement requires thatmeasures taken which impose ahigher levelofprotection thanthatestablished
internationally byCodex mustbebased onsound scientific evidence, andinternationally acceptable
riskanalysis methods, andmustbetheleasttraderestrictive. Measures based oninternationally adopted
foodstandards oftheCodex Alimentarius Commission arepresumed tomeettherequirements ofthe
SPSAgreement. TheSPSAgreement alsorequires thatMember countries harmonise sanitary and
phytosanitary measures onaswide abasis aspossible withinternational standards, guidelines and
recommendations; apply equivalence principles infoodcontrol programme evaluation; andestablish
andimplement sanitary andphytosanitary measures inatransparent manner. Inthisregard, FAOand
Codex playanimportant roleinmeeting theseobjectives intheareas offoodquality andsafety through
elaboration andapplication offoodstandards, guidelines andrecommendation, asfurther detailed below.
TheTBTAgreement applies toallaspects offoodstandards which arenotcovered bytheSPS
Agreement. Itseeks toensure thattechnical regulations andstandards forfood,including packaging,
marking andlabelling requirements and,procedures forassessing conformity withtechnical regulations
andstandards, donocreate unnecessary obstacles tointernational trade. TBTmeasures mustbeshown
tohavelegitimate purpose, should bebased oninternational standards, andbeproportional tothedesired
purpose. Intheframework ofCodex, provisions suchasquality andcomposition requirements,
labelling, nutrition, andmethods ofanalysis arerelevant totheTBTAgreement.
Technical assistance activities todatehaveincluded co-operation withtheWTO Secretariat
inconducting seminars ontheSPSandTBTAgreements andtheorganization ofnational andregional
seminars inco-operation withindividual national Codex contact points andnational Codex committees.
Approximately 20seminars haverecently beenorganised attherequest ofMember countries, involving
Ministries ofAgriculture, Health, Trade, producers, industry andconsumers.G/SPS/GEN/39
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B.II. FAO’sFood Quality andStandards Work
TheFAO Food andNutrition Division contains aFood Quality andStandards Service which
isinaunique position toprovide technical assistance tocountries inmeeting theirobligations and
accruing thebenefits oftheWTO ’sAgreement onSPSandTBTandtocontribute totheoverall objective
offoodsecurity atalllevels.
FAO isthelargest UNspecialized agency andhasaspecific mandate towork withits175
members toimprove food, agriculture andnutrition. TheFAO Food Quality andStandards Service
isthelargest unitinthisfieldintheUNsystem andhasthemostextensive normative andfieldproject
operations andexperience. Thestrength ofthetechnical assistance provided bytheFood Quality
andStandards Service stems from accumulated FAO technical andoperational experience, notonly
intheareaoffoodquality andsafety, butalsoinplant production andprotection, animal production
andhealth, fisheries, forestry, agricultural services andfoodscience, technology andagricultural
research. Thisincludes theinteraction ofFAO foodstandards, quality andsafety normative and
operationalactivitiesundertakeninco-operationwithawidevarietyofnationalandinternationalpartners
attheglobal level. Italsoaccrues from FAO’simpartiality asaninternational organization.
TheFAOFood Quality andStandards Service provides theSecretariat fortheJointFAO/WHO
Food Standards Programme andSecretariat oftheCodex Alimentarius Commission which interacts
withtheCodex Contact Points intheCodex member countries. TheService alsoprovides technical
advice andassistance onfoodinspection, sampling, analysis andoverall foodcontrol togovernments
andtothefoodindustry. These factscoupled withtheinterdisciplinary nature ofFAO’sworkcovering
awiderange ofpolicy andtechnical matters related toagricultural andfishery production, ensure that
quality andsafety areconsidered throughout thefoodchain.
B.III. TheWork ofFAO inrelation toFood Quality andSafety
Thenecessity toprovide andassure anadequate supply ofsafe,wholesome andnutritious food
wasrecognised bythe1943 HotSprings United Nations Conference onFood andAgriculture, and
isevidenced byFAO’s1945 founding mandate toassist member countries toachieve these very
objectives.TechnicalassistanceprovidedbyFAOrelatedtofoodquality,safetyandstandardsisprovided
inavariety ofmeans allinter-related, withthefocus onstrengthening overall national foodcontrol
systems.
Specifically FAO provides technical assistance tomember countries:
- indeveloping national foodcontrol strategies;
- up-dating foodcontrol lawsandregulations;
- developing foodcontrol policies andprocedures;
- assessing management andorganisational requirements forestablishing effective food-
control programmes;
- recommending equipment, facilities, andresource needs, including personnel and
budgetary requirements;
- establishing performance requirements andquality assurance programmes;
- providing laboratory methods andimproving laboratory practices;
- developing inspection, sampling andinvestigative procedures;
- developing information anddatahandling andanalysis systems;
- establishing voluntary andregulatory compliance policies andprocedures;
- developing co-operative industry assistance anddevelopmental programmes;
- establishing consumer education programmes;G/SPS/GEN/39
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- assisting indeveloping themanagement andoperational procedures forspecialised food
control programmes such asthose needed tomanaged food control
related problems associated with:
- natural disasters (earthquake, flooding);
- foodborne disease outbreaks (such asthecholera outbreak inLatin America); and,
industrial accidents resulting intoxic material spills orexposure (such as
Chernobyl).
- Strengthening national Codex Contact Points andnational Codex Coordinating
Committees
FAO hasprovided technical assistance inthese areas formore than40years bysponsoring
technicalassistanceprojectsfundedbyFAO’sTechnicalCooperationProgrammeandUNdevelopmental
agencies suchasUNDP, andUNEP; carrying outjointly sponsored projects inco-operation withother
technical UNorganisations (IAEA, WHO); andprojects andactivities supported bydonor countries
andorganisations. Theprimary purpose ofthese projects istoprovide thetechnical assistance needed
tostrengthen foodcontrol andconsumer protection.
FAO alsosponsors andconducts workshops, seminars andtechnical meetings onanational
andregional basis onafullrange oftimely andimportant topics suchasfoodcontrol management
andadministration; requirements ofnewly applied international trading agreements; import/export
foodcontrol measures; laboratory quality assurance andsafety procedures; and,riskanalysis methods
andprocedures.
Training personnel toenhance performance, increase knowledge anddevelop skills isaprimary
FAOrole(inmattersrelatedtofoodcontrolandnutrition).Specificcomprehensivetrainingprogrammes
havebeendeveloped andareconducted byFAO aspartofitsregular budgeted programme onafull
range offoodcontrol subject areas including foodinspection, foodanalysis, foodcontrol programme
management, laboratory management andGood Manufacturing Practices. These training programmes
willalsobeincorporated intothecurriculum ofthenewJointFAO/IAEA International Training and
Reference Centre forFoodandPesticides Control andwillalsobemade available tonational educational
andtraining institutions forincorporation intheirfoodscience, foodtechnology andpublic health
curriculum. Alltraining programmes arebased ontheCodex guidelines, textsandrecommendations
particularlytheGeneralPrinciplesofFoodHygiene,thePrinciplesfortheEstablishmentandApplication
ofMicrobiological Criteria forFoods andTheHazard Analysis andCritical Control Point (HACCP)
System andGuidelines foritsApplication .
FAOworkshops andtraining programmes arefullysupported byaseries ofpublications under
theFAO Food andNutrition Papers series onManuals ofFood Quality Control .Todate, eighteen
(18)manuals havebeenpublished andprovided tomember countries andfoodcontrol officials. They
provide practical guidance onkeytitleareas suchasFood forExport, Food Inspection, Management
ofFood Control Programmes andQuality Assurance intheMicrobiological Laboratory. (SeeAnnex
IIforafulllist).
TheSPSAgreement recommends basing allfood safety measures onsound science and
appropriate riskassessment procedures. Toassure FAO’scontinued ability toprovide up-to-date and
appropriate science-based advice onmatters related tonutrition andfoodquality andsafety toitsmember
countries, expert consultations arefrequently convened toprovide science-based independent andexpert
advice andrecommendations ontopics suchassignificant foodquality/safety andnutrition issues, safety
assessment ofnovel technologies, andemerging issues related tofoodandaspects ofthefoodtrade.
TheJointFAO/WHO Expert Committee onFoodAdditives (JECFA) hassince1955provided member
countries withadvice ontheappropriate usesandsafety offoodadditives, veterinary drugresidues
infoods, aswellasonmycotoxins, heavy metals andindustrial chemicals which maycontaminate food.G/SPS/GEN/39
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Similarly, theJointFAO/WHO Meeting onPesticide Residues (JMPR) hasprovided member countries
withscience-based advice ontheuseandsafety ofpesticides inagriculture andsafelevels oftheir
residues infood.
Inaddition, adhocexpert consultations arecarried outonitems ofcurrent interest where
science-based expert advice isofvalue tomember countries. Recent examples include JointFAO/WHO
Expert Consultations on:Biotechnology andFood Safety; Application ofRiskAnalysis toFood
Standards; RiskManagement andFood Safety; Food Consumption andExposure Assessment; Food
Fortification: Technology andQuality Control; FatsandOils,andCarbohydrates inHuman Nutrition;
and,theFAO Expert Consultation onAnimal Feeding Practices andFood Safety.
Thefollowing aresome highlights ofafewofthese activities which arebeing carried outat
present tomeetgeneral orspecific foodcontrol requests from developing countries.
- Development ofNational Strategies: Developing aneffective national strategy onfoodquality
control andsafety should takeintoaccount thedevelopment needs ofthecountry andassist inthe
development ofprogrammes forincreased foodproduction, improvements inprocessing methods and
reduction offoodlosses. Toprovide coherence innational foodcontrol strategies, FAO hasassisted
many countries inreviewing theirfoodcontrol strategies orinfrastructure, including theconvening
ofnational workshops withtheassistance ofhostauthorities. More than100suchworkshops orreviews
havebeenheldindeveloping countries, withtheparticipation ofMinistries ofAgriculture, Health,
Commerce, and/or Industry, asappropriate totheexisting infrastructure. Weaknesses andstrengths
areidentified andmeasures areproposed tostrengthen thenational infrastructure, often through
FAO-executed project activities.
- Advice onFood Legislation: FAO assists countries inthereview andupdating oftheirfood
legislation soastotakeintoaccount recent developments, including theWTO Agreements onSPS
andTBT. TheModel Food Lawdeveloped jointly byFAO andWHO andtheCodex Alimentarius
standards, guidelines andrecommendations andthereports oftheFAO/WHO Expert Committees on
Food Additives (JECFA) andPesticide Residues (JMPR) andadhocExpert Consultations constitute
unique references inthedevelopment andharmonisation offoodlegislation world-wide.
- Training andManpower Development: Training ofgovernmental andfoodindustry personnel
inallaspects offoodquality andsafety isamajor aspect ofFAOtechnical assistance work. Emphasis
isplaced onfoodinspection, foodanalysis, certification requirements andprocedures forexport, and
management offoodcontrol programmes atvarious levels. These training activities arecarried out
aspartoftheFAO regular budgeted programme orunder FAO executed projects.
- Export andInternational Trade: Special emphasis continues tobegiven toimproving national
export foodinspection andcertification programmes sothatexporting countries haveconfidence that
theirproducts areacceptable toimport authorities. Projects dealing specifically withthismatter have
beenimplemented inIndia, Indonesia, Thailand andCosta Rica. Forexample, inIndia, assistance
hasbeenprovided inthedevelopment ofanexport certification system andtraining ofexport food
inspectors.
Thetechnical assistance provided bytheFAOFoodQuality andStandards Service alsobenefits
fromtheextensive government andindustry experience andexpertise ofitsstaff. Thestaffmembers
havemany years ofexperience innational andinternational foodcontrol programmes andthefood
industry. Thisresults inapractical approach totechnical assistance withrealistic andachievable goals
andobjectives. More than500technical assistance projects havebeencarried outbytheService over
thepast30years, along withnumerous training courses, seminars andconferences. Alistofcurrent
fieldprojects isattached tothispaper asAnnex I.G/SPS/GEN/39
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B.IV. TheRoleofCodex inFAO’sTechnical Assistance Programmes
TheJointFAO/WHOFoodStandardsProgrammewasestablishedin1962,toserveasSecretariat
totheCodex Alimentarius Commission, which presently has158Member countries. TheCommission,
hasasitsprimary objectives toprotect thehealth ofconsumers andensure fairpractices infoodtrade,
facilitateinternationaltradeinfoodandtoco-ordinateallstandardisationworkundertakenbyinternational
governmental andnon-governmental organisations. Codex, through international deliberation and
harmonisation, hasestablished quality andsafety standards forawiderange ofimportant foodproducts
traded ininternational markets, established acceptable levels ofresidues ofpesticides andveterinary
drugs usedingoodagricultural andveterinary practices, settolerable levels ofcontaminants, safelevels
ofjustifiable additives tofoods, andproduct labelling requirements.
Codex standards havealways beenbased onscientific principles. Toconfirm theimportance
ofscienceintheelaborationofitsstandards,duringits21stSession(Rome,June,1995),theCommission
adopted fourstatements ofprinciple confirming theroleofscience astheprimary factor which underpins
allCodex work, especially inregard tostandards andother recommendations directed towards the
protection ofconsumer health.
AsmentionedabovetwoimportantindependentscientificcommitteesJECFAandJMPRprovide
science-based advice andrecommendations toCodex, FAO, WHO andtheirMember countries on
thesuitability andsafety offoodadditives, contaminants, veterinary drugresidues andpesticide residues
infoods. Forthepast45years these committees haveestablished monographs onpurity andmethods
ofanalysis andtoxicological evaluations ofchemical substances withrecommendations astothe
acceptable dailyintake ormaximum residue levels forusebyMember countries andforconsideration
byCodex intheelaboration offoodstandards.
Codex standards, guidelines andother recommendations assist member countries byproviding
harmonised andinternationally accepted foodquality andsafety standards which arebased onsound
scientific evaluation byexpert scientific bodies andwhich serve asabasis forcriteria foracceptable
quality andsafeimported anddomestically produced food. They alsoserve ascriteria forequivalence
evaluation andharmonisation offoodcontrol programmes andasafoundation fornational foodcontrol
systems, codes ofpractices andprocedures.
C. Summary
FAO foodstandards, quality andsafety technical assistance programmes, inexistence forthe
past40ormore years, havehelped prepare many member countries tomeetpresent dayrequirements
offood quality andsafety intheinternational markets. Through theimplementation ofFAO
recommendationsfromitsregularprogrammebudgetedactivitiesanditsfoodcontroltechnicalassistance
projects related toestablishing up-to-date legalframework, developing operational foodcontrol systems,
developing theirinfrastructure, equipping andtraining theirpersonnel, andestablishing foodstandards
based onCodex recommendations, many developing countries areinaposition tomeettheSPSand
TBTrequirements necessary tosuccessfully trade theirproducts internationally.
TheFAO Food Quality andStandards Service iscontinually developing more efficient and
cost-effective means ofproviding technical advice andassistance toensure thatitsworkmeets theneeds
ofdeveloping countries andhasatangible impact inimproving thequality andsafety offoods and
facilitating bothdomestic andinternational foodtrade.
BoththeSPSandTBTAgreementscalluponmemberstoprovidetechnicalassistanceandadvice,
especially tothedeveloping country members, intheimplementation ofthese agreements. FAO is
fullyprepared toprovide thenecessary technical assistance related tofoodquality andsafety inclose
collaboration withtheWorld Trade Organization, andcountries willing toshare theirexpertise and
resources.G/SPS/GEN/39
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Annex I
Country Project Symbol Project Title Year of
Operation
Nepal TCP/NEP/7851 Development ofnutrition
curiculum withspecial
emphasis onvitamin A
deficiency control +1988
Yemen TCP/PDY/8853 Assistance infoodradiation
monitoring1988-89
Nepal TCP/NEP/8852 Strengthening facilities for
foodcontrol andconsumer
protection1988-89
Reg.Asia TCP/RAS/8852 Establishment ofaregional
network tostrengthen
national vitamin A
deficiency control
programme1988-89
Burkina Faso TCP/BKF/8858 Programme vitamine A 1988-89
Ghana TCP/GHA/8853 Strengthening foodcontrol
andcontamination
monitoring1988-91
Malta TCP/MAT/8951 Strengthening foodcontrol 11989-90
Thailand TCP/THA/8956 Strengthening capability to
control residues oftoxic
chemicals inexport poultry
meat1989-91
Bangladesh TCP/BGD/8954 Assistance infoodand
nutrition planning1989-90
Cameroon TCP/CMR/8955 Formulation d'unprojet de
miseenplace d'unsystème
d'alerte rapide1989
Indonesia TCP/INS/8954 Field trialofspecific
nutrition indicators1989-91
China, P.R. TCP/CPR/8957 Development and
application ofrapid methods
ofdetecting pesticides in
agricultural products1989-90
Tanzania TCP/URT/8960 Assistance inproject
formulation forwomen in
irrigated agriculture1989
Tanzania TCP/URT/8958 Strengthening offood
control services1989-91G/SPS/GEN/39
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Guinea-Bissau TCP/GBS/8955 Renforcement dusystème
national ducontrôle sanitaire
desaliments1989-91
Indonesia TCP/IND/8956 Food quality control 1989-91
Costa Rica TCP/COS/8955 Certificación decalidad de
productos alimenticios no
tradicionales parala
exportación1989-91
Brazil TCP/BRA/0051 Strengthening ofthefood
quality control system inthe
cityofSaoPaulo1990-91
Rwanda TCP/RWA/0051 Contrôle delacontamination
desdenrées alimentaires par
lesmycotoxines1991-92
Ivory Coast TCP/CVI/0051 Contrôle delaqualité des
denrées alimentaires1990-92
Mexico TCP/MEX/0053 Control delacalidad de
alimentos1990-92
Chad TCP/CHD/0053 Production etconsommation
deproduits maraîchers
contre lacarence en
vitamine A1990-92
Kenya TCP/KEN/0053 Assistance inthe
establishment offood
control administration1990-92
Reg.L.A. TCP/RLA/0054 Capacitacion enmanejo y
analisis dedatos parala
vigilancia alimentaria y
nutricional1990-91
Guinea TCP/GUI/0055 Appui auxactivités portant
surlecontrôle etlaqualité
delaviande importée1990-91
Reg.L.A. TCP/RLA/0055 Capacitación enmanejo y
análisis dedatos parala
vigilancia alimentaria y
nutricional1990-91
Syria TCP/SYR/0051 Strengthening foodcontrol
services1990-92
Ecuador TCP/ECU/0052 Normalización ycontrol de
alimentos1990-93
Malawi TCP/MLW/0053 Strengthening foodcontrol
services1990-92G/SPS/GEN/39
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Uganda TCP/UGA/0051 Integrated approach to
nutrition education and
training1990-92
Czech Repub. TCP/CZE/9151 Strengthening foodcontrol 1991
Cuba TCP/CUB/0054 Vigilancia deresiduos de
antibióticos yhormonas en
alimentos deorigen animal
(Codex Alimentarius )1990-93
Zambia TCP/ZAM/0154 Prevention ofvitamin A
deficiency1991-92
Belize TCP/BZE/0152 Strengthening thenational
foodstandardization system1991-93
Mozambique TCP/MOZ/0052 Training intheprocessing
andanalysis offood
consumption andnutrition
dataforfoodsecurity
purposes1990-93
Iraq TCP/IRQ/3552 Evaluation offoodand
nutrition situation1995-96
Uganda TCP/UGA/4555 District levelpreparation of
action plans fornutrition1995-97
Egypt TCP/EGY/4556 Improving theefficiency of
horticulture marketing1995-96
Malta TCP/MAT/4551 Assistance instrengthening
foodcontrol system1995-97
Brazil TCP/BRA/4555 Strengthening ofthenational
Codex Committee1995-97
Ghana TCP/GHA/6612 Promoting household food
security andimproving
nutrition through education
andtraining (Phase II)1996
Senegal TCP/SEN/6611 Contrôle etnormalisation
delaqualité desproductions
horticoles1996-97
Namibia TCP/NAM/6613 Strengthening offood
control administration
(PH. IINAM/2358)1996
Mozambique TCP/MOZ/6611 Assistance instrengthening
foodcontrol system1996-98
Zambia TCP/ZAM/5611 Strengthening foodcontrol
infrastructure (Phase II)1996G/SPS/GEN/39
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Jordan TCP/JOR/6612 Food control andpesticides
analysis assessment1996
Nigeria TCP/NIR/4555 Action programme for
food-based interventions and
training toimprove nutrition1995-97
Romania TCP/ROM/6611 Strengthening thefood
control system1996-98
Jordan TCP/JOR/6713 Strengthening offood
control1997
Thailand TCP/THA/6712 Strengthening foodcontrol
infrastructure1997-98
Bolivia TCP/BOL/6712 Apoyo alaelaboración dela
leybásica dealimentos1997-98
China TCP/CHI/6712 Reforzamiento delcomité
nacional delCodex1997-98
Sudan TCP/SUD/6714 Training toimprove
nutrition education and
communication1997-98
Indonesia TCP/INS/0154 Field trialofspecific
nutrition indicators1991-93
Togo TCP/TOG/0158 Caractéristiques
socio-économiques des
familles nutritionnellement à
risque1991-93
Guinee Bissau TCP/GBS/0156 Définition d'unepolitique
nationale denutrition1991
Egypt TCP/EGY/0157 Nutrition surveillance and
improvement1991-93
Tunisia TCP/TUN/2255 Définition d'unepolitique
alimentaire etnutritionnelle1992-94
Zambia TCP/ZAM/2353 Strengthening household
foodsecurity andnutrition
monitoring1993-94
Mexico TCP/MEX/2353 Monitoreo delimpacto de
losprogramas dedesarrollo
socioeconómico en
comunidades indígenas1993-94
Kenya TCP/KEN/2356 Assistance inthe
establishment ofafood
control administration1993G/SPS/GEN/39
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P.D.R. Lao TCP/LAO/2354 Diagnostic delasituation
nutritionnelle et
consommation alimentaire1993-95
Vietnam TCP/VIE/2356 Formulation ofanational
planofaction fornutrition1993-94
Morocco TCP/MOR/2353 Introduction delanutrition
etducontrôle alimentaire
danslavulgarisation
agricole1993-95
Ethiopia TCP/ETH/4451 Preparation offood
composition tablefor
Ethiopia1994-96
Niger TCP/NER/4451 Appui àl'introduction d'une
nouvelle stratégie de
nutrition dansl'agriculture1994-96
Brazil TCP/BRA/4453 Integrating anutrition
component intothenational
development plan1994-96
Costa Rica TCP/COS/4451 Sistema deinformación para
laplanificación
agroalimentaria ynutricional1994-95
Togo TCP/TOG/3453 Identification desfamilles à
risque etformulation d'un
pland'action pourla
nutrition1994-95
Cent. Africa.
RepTCP/CAF/4452 Appui àlaformulation d'un
pland'action pourla
nutrition1994-96
Cameroon TCP/CMR/4555 Formulation d'unplan
national pourlanutrition1995-96
Iraq TCP/IRQ/6713 Evaluation ofthefoodand
nutrition situation19997-98
Peru TCP/PER/0154 Control delacontamination
porelcholera enlos
alimentos1991-93
Sierra Leone TCP/SIL/4452 Promotion oflocalnutritious
foodthrough strengthening
training programme ofhome
economics centres1994-97
Armenia TCP/ARM/6611 Reorganizing and
strengthening offood
control services1996-97G/SPS/GEN/39
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Guinea TCP/GUI/1251 Elaboration d'unepolitique
etd'unprogramme national
d'alimentation-nutrition1992
Zambia TCP/ZAM/2356 Smallholder oilpalm
production, processing and
nutrition education1993-95
Pakistan TCP/PAK/2255 Food andnutrition training
forimproving small
farmer 'shousehold food
security1992-94
India TCP/IND/2361 Prevention ofvitamin A
deficiency inrural areas of
West Bengal1993-95
Egypt TCP/EGY/3451 Nutrition surveillance and
improvement
(Phase IIEGY/0157 )1994
Niger TCP/NER/3453 Appui àlaformation en
nutrition auniveau
communautaire1994-95
Ghana TCP/GHA/2352 Promoting household food
security andimproving
nutrition through nutrition
education andtraining1993-96
Vietnam TCP/VIE/4553 Training nutrition and
agriculture trainers to
promote household food
security andimprove
nutrition1995-96
Indonesia TCP/INS/4554 Technical assistance tofood
andnutrition diversification
programme1995-97
South Africa TCP/SAF/4552 Development ofanational
nutritition training
programme1995-97
D.P.R. Korea TCP/DRK/0155 Food control 1991
Cen. Amer. &
Car.TCP/CAM/0159 Control dealimentos de
venta callejera yotros
productos potencialmente
riesgosos (cholera )1991-93
Ghana TCP/GHA/0153 Strengthening foodcontrol
andcontamination
monitoring services
(Phase II)1991-92G/SPS/GEN/39
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Peru TCP/PER/0155 Control sanitario de
alimentos expendidos enla
víapública (cholera )1991-93
Ecuador TCP/ECU/0155 Control sanitario de
alimentos expendidos enla
víapública1991-93
Mauritania TCP/MAU/0154 Contrôle delaqualité des
denrées alimentaires1991-93
India TCP/IND/0155 Improving street foods in
Calcutta1991-93
Philippines TCP/PHI/2254 Improvement ofstreet foods 1992-93
Trinidad TCP/TRI/0154 Strengthening foodcontrol
capabilities1991-93
Bulgaria TCP/BUL/0152 Rehabilitation offood
control1991-93
Czech Republic TCP/CZE/0152 Control ofPCBresidue
contamination indairy and
meatproducts1991-93
Guinea TCP/GUI/0159 Contrôle dequalité et
conditionnement des
produits agricoles et
alimentaire1991-94
Hungary TCP/HUN/0152 Strengthening foodcontrol 1991-94
Colombia TCP/COL/0152 Control sanitario de
alimentos expendidos enla
víapública1991-93
Bolivia TCP/BOL/2251 Protección alconsumidor en
relación alosposibles
riesgos asociados al
consumo decomida
callejera1992-94
Mexico TCP/MEX/2251 Control sanitario de
alimentos expendidos enla
víapública1992-94
Reg.L.A. TCP/RLA/2255 Strengthening foodcontrol
capabilities inresponse to
cholera1992-94
D.P.R. Korea TCP/DRK/2251 Strengthening foodcontrol
system1992-94
Vietnam TCP/VIE/2253 Food quality control 1992-93G/SPS/GEN/39
Page14
Belize TCP/BZE/2252 Strengthening food
inspection capabilities and
proper foodhandling in
response tocholera1992-94
Chile TCP/CHI/2251 Control deaguas deriego
destinadas alaproducción
hortofrutícola1992-94
Rwanda TCP/RWA/2253 Contrôle delacontamination
alimentaire1992-94
Tanzania TCP/URT/2253 Assistance toimprove
microbiological control of
food1994-92
Sudan TCP/SUD/2253 Assistance instrengthening
foodcontrol infrastructure1992-95
Botswana TCP/BOT/2352 Assistance instrengthening
foodcontrol infrastructure1993-95
Mongolia TCP/MON/2354 Food quality control 1993-94
Estonia TCP/EST/2352 Strengthening foodcontrol 1993-95
Laos TCP/LAO/2355 Strengthening thefood
control system1993-95
Ivory Coast TCP/IVC/2353 Promotion etcontrôle du
secteur informel de
l'alimentation1993-95
Lithuania TCP/LIT/2251 Strengthening foodcontrol 1992-95
Namibia TCP/NAM/2358 Strengthening foodcontrol
administration1993-95
Mexico TCP/MEX/2354 Normalización y
certificación deproductos
agrícolas1993-95
Dem.Rep.
CongoTCP/ZAI/2355 Stratégie pourpromouvoir
etcontrôler lesecteur
informel del'alimentation1993-95
Poland TCP/POL/2352 Strengthening foodcontrol 1993-95
Uruguay TCP/URU/2355 Control demicotoxinas en
alimentos1993-96
Zambia TCP/ZAM/2357 Strengthening foodcontrol
infrastructure1993-95
Cuba TCP/CUB/3451 Vigilancia deresiduos de
antibióticos yhormonas en
alimentos deorigen animal
(Phase II-CUB/0054 )1994-95G/SPS/GEN/39
Page15
Burkina Faso TCP/BKF/4451 Contrôle delaqualité des
denrées alimentaires1994-96
Ecuador TCP/ECU/3451 Normalización ycontrol de
alimentos
(Fase IIECU/0052)1994-95
Lesotho TCP/LES/4451 Assistance toestablish food
control system1994-96
Gabon TCP/GAB/4451 Appui àlarestructuration
desactivités decontrôle de
laqualité desdenrées
alimentaires1994-96
Reg.Africa TCP/RAF/4557 Quality control ofgum
arabic1995-96
Latvia TCP/LAT/4552 Strengthening foodquality
control1995-97
Cambodia TCP/CMB/4554 Réhabilitation dekamcontrol
danssesactivités de
contrôle alimentaire1995-97
Honduras TCP/HON/4552 Reforzamiento delas
actividades dealimentación
ynutrición enlaRepública
deHonduras1995-96
Malawi TCP/MLW/4553 Combating malnutrition in
Malawi through promoting
theproduction and
consumption ofsoyabeans1995-97
Nigeria TCP/NIR/4556 Improvement ofschool
feeding progamme1995-97
Paraguay TCP/PAR/6611 Programa deprotección de
losalimentos enlaciudad
deAsunción1996-98
Algeria TCP/ALG/6714 Renforcement dusystème de
contrôle desdenrées
alimentaire1997-99
Armenia TCP/ARM/6611 Strengthening offood
control1996-97
Lesotho TCP/LES/4451 Assistance toestablish a
foodcontrol system1994-96
Lesotho TCP/LES/6711 Assistance toestablish food
control, 2ndphase1997-98
Chile TCP/CHI/6712 Reforzamiento delcomité
nacional codex1997-98G/SPS/GEN/39
Page16
Annex II
Manuals ofFood Quality Control
14/1 Food Control Laboratory, 1979
14/1Rev.1 TheFood Control Laboratory, 1986
14/2 Additives, Contaminants, Techniques, 1980
14/3 Commodities, 1979
14/4 Microbiological Analysis, 1979
14/5 Food Inspection, 1981 (Rev. 1984)
14/6 Food forExport, 1979
14/6Rev.1 Food forExport, 1990
14/7 Food Analysis: general techniques, additives, contaminants
andcomposition, 1986
14/8 Food Analysis: quality, adulteration andtestsofidentity, 1986
14/9 Introduction toFood Sampling, 1988
14/10 Training inMycotoxins Analysis, 1990
14/11 Management ofFood Control Programmes, 1991
14/12 Quality Assurance intheFood Control Microbiological
Laboratory, 1992
14/13 Pesticide Residue Analysis intheFood Control
Laboratory, 1993
14/14 Quality Assurance intheFood Control Chemical Laboratory, 1993
14/15 Imported Food Inspection, 1993
14/16 Radionuclides inFood, 1994