WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/GC/W/372
S/C/W/127
14 October 1999
(99-4387)
General Council
Council for Trade in ServicesOriginal:  English
PREPARATIONS FOR THE 1999 MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE
Proposal Regarding the GATS
(Paragraph 9(a)(ii) of the Geneva Ministerial Declaration)
Communication from the Dominican Republic, El Salvador and Honduras
The following communication, dated 30 September 1999, has been received from the
Permanent Mission of the Dominican Republic.
__________
I. THE NEED FOR AN ANNEX ON TOURISM
1. A number of events held after the conclusion of the Uruguay Round have provided ample
arguments in favour of a more specific treatment of tourism services under the General Agreement on
Trade in Services (GATS). Two events in partic ular, a Seminar in Milan organized by the World
Tourism Organization in December 1994 (reported in WTO/OMT, 1994); and the UNCTAD Expert
Meeting on "Strengthening the Capacity of Developing Countries for Trade in Tourism Services" held
in Geneva (reported in UNCTAD, 1998), have analyzed the nature of tourism and the types of barriers
that should be subject to further attention in the next exercise of progressive liberalization of trade in
services, as provided for in GATS Article XIX.
2. More recently, in the International Conference "Towards a Better Partnership in International
Commercial Transactions in Tourism" (Tunis , 1-2 June 1999), WTO/OMT Secretary-General
Francesco Frangialli expressed his dissatisfaction with the treatment received by tourism under
GATS, calling for the development of an Annex on Tourism that could better handle the specificities
of the sector during and after the next round of services negotiations.
3. One common element of these events was the insistence of participants on the need to focus on
the tourism sector as a whole for the purpose of multilateral trade negotiations, to include travel
reservation services, air and other transportation services and other travel-related financial services. In
particular, this has been consistently supported by important private sector organizations, such as the
World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC).
4. One recent development of direct relevance to these concerns is the consolidated definition of the
tourism sector that has resulted from the International Conference on the Measurement of the
Economic Impact of Tourism, which was held in Nice (France) between 15 an 17 June 1999, and
which adopted a comprehensive methodology of the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA).
5. This paper has been written as a request of several members of the World Tourism Organization
(WTO/OMT) because of the need to ensure that in the successive rounds of service negotiations a
progressively higher level of liberalization is achiev ed on tourism that is able to promote the interests
of all participants on a mutually advantageous basis, as well as to securing an overall balance of rightsWT/GC/W/372
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and obligations. The paper thus integrates and develops further the ideas and proposals from these
contributions to the evaluation of how to negotiate better on tourism under GATS and to the more
adequate classification of tourism services.
Rationale
6. An Annex on Tourism is needed because:
• in the present agreement it is not possible to deal with the specific and heterogeneous
nature of tourism as a cluster, in particular in line with the more encompassing definitionadopted by the United Nations and the WTO/OMT (1994, 1999);
• it is neither possible to monitor progressive liberalization nor the compliance with
commitments undertaken under "tourism and travel-related services", in particular to meet
the objectives of GATS Article IV;
• specific commitments undertaken following the "request and offer" approach to develop
sectoral schedules in the World Trade Or ganization (WTO/OMC) again would fail to
eliminate the barriers to trade in tourism serv ices, especially in the related transportation
services and travel distribution systems (including tour wholesalers, tour operators, global
distribution systems/computer re servation systems and travel agents) pertaining to a large
extent to consumption abroad;
• as a general shortcoming of the Uruguay Round Agreements, of which the GATS is an
integral part, it is not possible to deal with the trade implications of anti-competitiveconduct. UNCTAD (1998) identifies the widespread nature of these practices in tourism.
As a result, the favorable balance of trade in tourism services for developing countrieswould be in jeopardy, because of the failure of existing provisions in the GATS to
discipline the barriers and anti-competitive practices identified, thus reducing further the
share of value-added that is kept by developing countries. This would continue to attempt
against the environmental and economic sustainability of tourism for development
(Vellas, 1999). Thus, in order to integrate into the GATS the necessary safeguards thatwould discipline anti-competitive conduct in the tourism cluster, experts agreed to
recommend in the UNCTAD (1998) meeting that the way forward was to include
competitive safeguards into an Annex on Tourism.
7. In synthesis, developing countries face the rather unpromising prospect of launching a new round
of negotiations based on the existing provisions in the GATS, which will not be enough to achieve an
effective and transparent degree of trade liberalization in tourism that results in their increasing
participation in world trade in services.
8. From their part, developed countries would continue to observe the increased vertical and
horizontal integration of key activities in the tourism cluster, without being able to counter theirinternational anti-competitive effects. Consumers in developed countries, moreover, could continue to
see a deterioration of tourist destinations unable to preserve and develop under conditions of social,
economic and environmental sustainability.
9. Thus, in order to follow up on the need to complement the GATS to achieve these objectives, a
Draft Annex on Tourism has been tabled by our delegations in a separate submission, in order to
elaborate upon the provisions of the Agreement with respect to measures ensuring an effective and
progressive liberalization of trade in tourism services that is consistent with the needs for sustainableWT/GC/W/372
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development of the sector, including through cooperation efforts and the prevention of anti-
competitive practices in the tourism cluster.
ReferencesGATT (1994): The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. The Legal
Texts. Geneva: GATT Secretariat.
Díaz, David (1994): "Strategic Commercial Po licies: A Proposal Aiming at Increasing the
Participation of Developing Countries in International Tourism Markets" in WTO/OMT (1994).
Frangialli, Francesco (1994): "Liberalization Prospects for Trade in Tourism Services" in WTO/OMT
(1994).
Handszuh, Henryk and Imtiaz Muqbal (1994): "Tourism Services Under GATS" in WTO/OMT
(1994).
UNCTAD (1998): Strengthening the Capacity for Expanding the Tourism Sector in Developing
Countries, with Particular Focus on Tour Operator s, Travel Agencies and Other Suppliers. Geneva:
Report of the Expert Meeting held at the Palais des Nations on 8 - 10 June 1998.
Vellas, François (1999): "Current Situation and Prospects for International Commercial Transactions
in Tourism". Paper presented in the Internationa l Conference "Towards an Enhanced Partnership in
the International Commercial Transactions in Tourism" (Tunis, 1-2 June 1999).
WTO/OMT (1994): GATS Implications for Tourism. Milan, Palazzo ai Giureconsulti (WTO/OMT
Seminar and Conference Proceedings).
WTO/OMT (1997): International Tourism, A Global Perspective. Madrid, WTO/OMT Tourism
Education and Training Series.
WTO/OMT (1999a): Tourism Satellite Account (T SA). The Conceptual Framework. Madrid:
WTO/OMT Secretariat.
WTO/OMT (1999b): Tourism Negotiations under the General Agreement on Trade in Services.
Madrid: WTO/OMT Secretariat.
WTO/OMT and UNCTAD (1995): GATS and Tourism - Agreeing on Trade in Tourism -
Implications of the General Agreement on Trade in Services. Madrid: WTO/OMT Secretariat.
WTO/OMC (1998): Tourism Services: Background Note by the Secretariat. Council for Trade in
Services (Document S/C/W/51).
United Nations and WTO/OMT (1994): Recommendati ons on Tourism Statistics, United Nations
Series M, No. 83, New York.WT/GC/W/372
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II. DRAFT ANNEX ON TOURISM
1. Objectives
1.1 Recognizing the specificity of trade in tourism services, and in particular:
a) its nature resulting from a cluster of diverse sectoral services offered to tourism consumers by
persons engaged directly or indirectly in the supply of such services;
b) its reliance on transport and travel distribution systems for the effective access of consumers
to tourism destinations and tourism services, in  particular for the exercise of consumption
abroad;
Members agree to the following Annex with the objective of elaborating upon the provisions of
the Agreement with respect to measures ensuring an effective and progressive liberalization of trade
in tourism services that is consistent with the needs for sustainable development of the sector,including through cooperation efforts and the prevention of anti-competitive practices in the tourism
cluster.
2. Definitions
2.1 For the purposes of this Annex:
2.1.1 "Tourism" means the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their
usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other
purposes.
1
2.1.2 “Tourism cluster" includes those services which are characteristic and connected to tourism,
both forming part of services conventionally denominated as specific to tourism, as well as
services non-specific to tourism2. The attribution of the tourism cluster to the GATS Sectoral
Classification List is given in Appendix I.
2.1.3 “Tourism characteristic services” are those services that, in most countries, would cease to
exist in meaningful quantity or whose supply would be significantly reduced, in the absence
of tourism. They include:
Accommodation services
a) Hotel and other lodging services.
b) Tourism housing services on own account or for free.
Food and beverage services
                                                     
1 United Nations and WTO/OMT, Recommendations on Tourism Statistics, United Nations. Series M,
No. 83 New York 1994.
2 As identified in the Tourism Product Code developed by the WTO/OMT(1999), based on the United Nations
Central Product Classification (CPC, rev.1) and used for the compilation of the Tourism Satellite Account
(TSA).WT/GC/W/372
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Passenger transportation services
a) Intercity rail services.
b) Road transportation services.c) Water transportation services.
d) Air transportation services.
e) Auxiliary services to transport.
Transport equipment rental
Travel agency, tour operator and tourist guide services.
a) Travel agency services.
b) Tour operator services.
c) Tourist information and tourist guide services.
Cultural services
Recreation and other entertainment services
2.1.4 “Tourism connected services” are those services that are supplied to the service consumer in
volumes which are significant for the consumer and/or the supplier but are not included
among tourism characteristic.
2.1.5 "Sustainable development of tourism" means the process of re-investment of tourist revenues
in tourist destinations for:
a) meeting the needs for additional capacity to supply tourism services in the future;
b) implementing and enforcing internationally-agreed quality and environmental
standards; and
c) integrating local communities to the conception, management and upgrading of all
activities in the tourism cluster.
2.1.6 "Travel distributions systems" include travel agencies, tour operators, tour wholesalers,
computer reservation systems and global distribution systems.
3. Competitive safeguards
3.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in the tourism cluster
Adequate measures will be adopted to prevent these practices in the tourism cluster, including by
suppliers of air transport services and travel distribution systems services, either individually or
jointly.WT/GC/W/372
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3.2 Safeguards
Anti-competitive practices such as the ones referred to above will include, inter alia , the
following:
a) Competitive exclusion through the discriminatory use of information networks (including
through high access charges), ancillary services to air transport, predatory pricing, or the
allocation of scarce resources;
b) Abuse of dominance through exclusivity clau ses, refusal to deal, tied sales, quantity
restrictions, or vertical integration; and
c) Misleading or discriminatory use of information by any juridical person.
4. Consumer safeguards4.1 Adequate measures shall be adopted by Members to ensure the protection of the following
consumer rights:
a)  health and security;
b) economic interests;
c)  information and education;
d)  right to redress;  ande) representation.
5. Access to and use of information5.1 Each Member shall ensure that information provided by any juridical person on tourist
destinations shall be truthful.
5.2 Each Member shall ensure that the tourism service suppliers of any other Member have access to
Global Distribution Systems/Computerized Reservation Systems according to transparent, reasonable
and objective criteria.
5.3 Each Member shall ensure that the tourism service suppliers of any other Member have access to
Global Distribution Systems/Com puterized Reservation Systems on a non-discriminatory basis.
6. Air transport, ancillary services and security measures6.1 Each Member shall ensure that ancillary servic es to air transport and security measures are
provided on a non-discriminatory basis.
7. Cooperation for sustainable development of tourism7.1 Members recognize that a dynamic tourism sector is essential for the development of all
countries, particularly developing countries, and that it is of primary importance for the increased
participation of developing countries in world trade in services. To this end, Members endorse and
encourage the participation of developed and developing countries and their suppliers of air, land and
maritime infrastructure construction and management services, and other entities, in the development
programmes of international and regional organizations, including the World Tourism Organization,WT/GC/W/372
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the United Nations Development Program and the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development.
7.2 Members shall encourage and support cooperation efforts for the sustainable development of
tourism at the international, regional, subregional and bilateral levels.
7.3 Members shall provide information on technologies required for the competitive supply,
regulation and sustainable development of services in the tourism cluster.
7.4 Members recognize the need for equitable and pro-competitive trading conditions for the
sustainability of tourism in all countries.
7.5 Members encourage all persons in the tourism cluster to comply with internationally-recognized
environmental and quality standards.
8. Relationship to other international organizations
8.1 Members recognize the importance of international standards for the sustainable development of
tourism and undertake to promote the adoption and continued upgrading of such standards through the
work of relevant international bodies and non-go vernmental organizations, including the World
Tourism Organization, the International Air Travel  Association, the International Organization for
Standardization and the World Travel and Tourism Council.
8.2 Members recognize the role played by international organizations and non-governmental
organizations in ensuring the safe and efficient ope ration of all activities in the tourism cluster, in
particular the International Civil Aviation Organization, the World Tourism Organization and the
International Air Travel Association. Members shall consult, where necessary, with suchorganizations on matters arising from the implementation of this Annex.WT/GC/W/372
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APPENDIX I TO THE DRAFT ANNEX ON TOURISM
Attribution of the Tourism Cluster to the GATS Services
Sectoral Classification List (MTN.GNS/W/120)3
Explanation of terms:
C: tourism characteristic services (also shown in bold type)
CN: tourism connected services
NS: tourism non-specific services
Services shown in bold type and/or underlined: tourism services that have been singled out in
addition to the current WTO/OMT Tourism Product Code (see note 1)
Sector 1 - Business services
A. Professional services
. architectural advisory and pre-design services (NS)
. architectural design and contract administration services (NS)
. landscape architectural services (NS). interior design services (NC)
. surface surveying services (NC)
. weather forecasting and meteorological services (NS)
. technical inspection services of road transport vehicles (NS)
. other technical testing and analysis services: radiographic, magnetic and ultrasonic testing of
machine parts and structures (NS); certification of ships, aircraft and dams (NS)
. general medical services (NS)
. specialized medical services (NS)
. dental services (NS)
. deliveries and related services, nursing services, physiotherapeutic and para-
medical services (NS)
. quality standards assessment services (CN)
B. Computer and related services
. computer hardware servicing, repair and maintenance (NS)
C. Real estate services
. renting or leasing services involving own or leased residential property (CN)
. trade services of residential buildings and associated land (CN)
. trade services of vacant and subdivided land (CN). residential property management services on a fee or contract basis (CN)
. residential buildings and associated land sales on a fee or contract basis (CN)
                                                     
3 Based on the Tourism Product Code of the World Tourism Organization (WTO/OMT).  It was
developed according to the United Nations Central Produ ct Classification (CPC) Version 1 (Statistical Papers
Series M No. 77 Ver.1.0. UN, N:Y. 1998) and presented at the World Conference on the Measurement of the
Economic Impact of Tourism (Nice France 15-18 June 1999).WT/GC/W/372
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D. Rental/leasing services without operators
. leasing or renting services concerning cars and light vans without operator (C)
. leasing or renting services concerning other land transport without operator: camper/motor
homes rental services (C), motorcycles (C), other land vehicle services (CN)
. leasing or rental services concerning vessels without operator  (C)
. leasing or rental services concerning aircraft without operator (NS)
. leasing or rental services concerning computers without operator (NS)
. leasing or rental services concerning televisions, radios, video cassette recorders and related
equipment and accessories (NS)
. leasing or rental services concerning video tape (NS). leasing or rental services concerning furniture and other household
appliances (NS)
. leasing or rental services concerning pleasure and leisure equipment : non-motorized land
transport equipment (e.g. bicycles) leasing or rental services (C), winter sports
equipment leasing or rental services (C),  pleasure boat leasing or rental services (C),
camping equipment leasing or rental services  (C), saddle horse leasing or rental services
(CN),  other sports equipment leasing or rental services ( CN)
. leasing or rental services concerning household linen; textiles, clothing and footwear and do-
it-yourself machinery and equipment(NS)
E. Other business services
. electricity transmission and distribution services (NS)
. gas distribution services through mains (NS)
. water distribution services through mains (NS). steam and hot water distribution through mains (NS)
. library services (NS)
. archive services (NS)
. supply of office support personnel services (NS)
. supply of domestic help services (NS)
. alarm monitoring services (NS)
. guard services (NS). hotel security services (C)
. window cleaning services (NS)
. general cleaning services (NS)
. footwear and leather goods repair services (NS)
watches, clocks and jewelry repairs services (NS)
. garment and household textile repair services (NS)
. furniture and repair services of other goods (NS)
. telephone answering services (NS)
. duplicating services (NS)
. convention services  (C)
. trade fair and exhibition organization services (CN)
. other support services. proof reading, secretarial services, business
brokerage , specialist advise services, etc. (NS)
. gardening and landscaping services (NS)
. animal husbandry services: accommodation, grooming and tattooing services for pets (CN). installation services of radio, television and communications equipment (NS)
. maintenance and repair services of office and accounting machinery (NS)
. maintenance and repair services of motor vehicles (CN)
. maintenance and repair services of motorcycles and snowmobiles (CN)WT/GC/W/372
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. maintenance and repair services of trailers, semi-trailers and other
motor vehicles (C)
. maintenance and repair services of other tr ansport equipment: vessel (C), aircraft (C) and
other transport and equipment maintenance and repair services(CN)
. repair services of electrical household appliances (NS)
. repair services of telecommunications equipment (NS)
. maintenance and repair services of other machinery and equipment: mining and
manufacturing equipment, elevators, escalators and lifts, garden tractors and mowers(CN)
. coin-operated laundry services (NC)
. dry-cleaning services (NC)
. other textile cleaning services (NC). pressing services (NC)
. hairdressing and barbers’ services (NC)
. cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring services (NC)
. physical well-being services: fitness centre, sauna/steam bath, massage, spa and other
physical well-being services (CN)
. other beauty treatment services: personal hygiene, body care, depilation, treatment with
ultraviolet rays and infra-red rays and other hygiene services (NS)
. cemeteries and cremation services (NS)
. undertaking services(NS)
. repatriation services (C)
. religious services (NS)
child day-care services (NS)
. escort services (CN)
portrait photography services (NS)
. passport/visa photo services  (C)
. photography processing services (CN)
. translation and interpretation services (CN)
.. red cap luggage services (C)
. parking attendant services (CN)
. doorman services (C)
. shoe shine services and other miscellaneous services(CN)
other miscellaneous services (marriage agencies, graphologic and genealogic researchservices, tattooist services, etc.) (NS)
a) Administrative services
4
. financial and fiscal services (NS). overall economic and social planning and statistical services (CN)
. administrative recreational, cultural and religious services (CN). administrative agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting related services:
fishing licence services  (C), hunting licence services  (C), other licence  services (NS)
. administrative transport and communications related services (CN)
. administrative hotel and restaurant services (CN)
. administrative multipurpose development project services (NS). general administrative economic and commercial services (NS)
. other general services for the government (NS)
. administrative external affairs related services, diplomatic and consular
services abroad : passport issuing services  (C), visa issuing services  (C),
other external affairs services (NS)
. police and fire protection services (NS)
. other public order & safety affairs related services (NS)
                                                     
4 This subsection is added to the Services Sectoral Classification List (MTN.GNS/W/120)WT/GC/W/372
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Sector 2 - Communication services
A. Postal services
. postal services related to letters (NS)
. postal services related to parcels (NS)
. post office counter services (NS)
. other postal services (NS)
B. Courier services (NS)
C. Telecommunications services
. wired telecommunications services (NS). wireless telecommunications services (NS)
. satellite telecommunications services (NS)
. on-line access services (NS)
. on-line information provision services (NS)
. on-line tourist destination data base services (C)
. motion picture and video tape projection services(NS)
. broadcasting (programming and scheduling) services (NS)
Sector 3 - Construction and related engineering services  
5
A/B General construction work for buildings and civil engineering
. general construction work for accommodation facilities
(hotels, convention centres, food serving facilities, etc.) (C)
. general construction work for recreational faci lities (ski areas, golf courses, marinas,
etc.) (C)
. general construction work for second residences (second homes, weekend homes) (C)
. general construction work for transport fa cilities (airports/passenger air terminals,
railway and bus stations, maritime passenger ports and marinas, other inland water
passenger terminals) (C)
. general construction of other tour ism infrastructure (civil works) (C)
C. Installation and assembly work
Installation and assembly work of tourism fairs and exhibitions (C)
D. Building completion and finishing work
building completion and  finishing work for tourism facilities (C)
Sector 4 - Distribution services6
. retail sale of travel accessories (luggage, etc.)  (C)
retail sale of camping and hiking equipment  (C)
. retail sale of recreation equipment (e.g. ski, golf, diving, scuba, etc.) (C)
. retail sale of gifts and souvenir shops (C)
. tourism facilities franchising services  (e.g. hotel, fast food services) (C)
Sector 5 - Educational services
A. Primary education services (NS)
B. Secondary education services
. hotel/tourism school services (C)
                                                     
5 Construction and Related Engineering Services are not included in the current Tourism Product Code
6 Distribution Services are not included in the current Tourism Product CodeWT/GC/W/372
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. recreation and park schools (C)
C. Higher education services
. tourism degree programmes (incl. post-graduate programmes) (C)
D. Adult education (NS)
E. Other education and training services
. language instruction services (CN). operating licence  training services (CN)
. behavioural/cultural instruction services (CN)
Sector 6 - Environmental services
A. Sewage services
. sewage treatment services (NS)
B. Refuse disposal services
. non-hazardous waste collection services (NS)C. Sanitation and similar service
. beach cleaning services  (C),
. drain unblocking services (CN)
D. Other
. sweeping and snow removal services (NS)
Sector 7 - Financial services
. travel card services (credit cards) (C)
. travel loan services (C)
. vehicle loan services (CN). home lone services (second homes) (CN)
. travel life insurance services (C)
. other life insurance services (NS)
. travel accident insurance services  (C)
. travel health insurance services (C)
. other accident insurance services (NS)
. motor vehicle insurance services (CN). other property insurance services: aircraft (C), vessel (C) and other property insurance
services (NS)
. other non-life insurance services: travel insurance services (C), other non-life insurance
policies (NS)
. foreign exchange services (C)
Sector 8 – Health-related and social services
A. Hospital Services (NS)
B. Other Human Health Services
. residential health facilities services other than hospital services (NS)
. ambulance services (NS)
. travel clinic services (C)
. other human health services (NS)
C. Social Services (NS)
D. Other (NS)WT/GC/W/372
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Sector 9 - Tourism and Travel Related Services
Hotel and motel lodging services:
. hotel and motel with restaurant services (C)
. hotel and motel without restaurant services (C)
. spa and health oriented accommodation services (C)
. holiday centre and holiday home services (C)
. letting services of furnished accommodation (C)
. youth hostel services (C)
. children’s training and holiday camp services (C)
. camping and caravanning site sites services (C)
. other lodging services: trailer and recreati onal park, campsite and similar services (C)
. meal serving services with  full restaurant services (C)
. fast food meal serving services (C)
. canteen services (C)
. caterer services, providing meals to outside: on-call fast food catering and delivery services,
event catering services, contract catering services (CN)
. contract catering services (NS)
. other food serving services: refreshment stands, fish-and chip stands, fast food stands without
seating, take-away facilities, ice-cream parlours, cake serving places, services of meals and
snacks prepared on the premises, mobile food services (CN)
. beverage serving services for consumption on the premises: alcohol-serving bars, beer
halls, discotheques, juice bars, coffee bars, soda fountains (C)
. travel agency services:
. consolidator services for passenger travel (C)
. internet-based passenger travel services (C)
. tour operator services (C)
. tourist information services: fee-based and non-fee based services (C)
. tourist guide services: services by tourist-guide agencies and own-account tourist
guides (C)
Sector 10 - Recreational, Cultural and Sporting Services
. performing arts event production and presentation services: theatre, opera, ballet,
musical, concert, “sound and light”, circus performances, puppet shows, fireworks (C)
. performing arts facility operation services, including ticket services  (NC)
. museum services (C)
. nature reserve services  including wildlife preservation services (C). sports and recreational sports event promotion and organization services (CN)
. sports and recreational sports facility operations services: golf course
services (C), tennis court services (C), services of outdoor sports facilities (C),  services of
riding academies (CN), recreation park and beach services (C), services of indoor sports
facilities (CN)
. other sports and recreational sports services: skydiving, parachuting, hand-gliding
services (C)
. support services related to sports and recreation: sports school services (CN),
mountain, hunting and fishing guide services (C), other support services (CN)
. amusement part and similar attraction services: theme park services (C), amusement park
service (C), fair and carnival services (CN), scenic railways services (C)
. gambling and betting services:  casino, slot machine and other gambling and betting
services (C)
. coin operated amusement machine service (C)WT/GC/W/372
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. other recreation and amusement services: personal theatrical and artistic agency services,
motion picture, television and other theatrical casting services (NS)
Sector 11 - Transport services
. interurban railway transport serv ices of passengers: scheduled (C), non-scheduled (C),
rail charter with crew (C)
. urban and suburban railway transport services of passengers (CN)
. railway pushing or towing services (NS)
. private railcar pushing and towing services (C)
. urban and suburban scheduled road transport services of passengers (CN). urban and suburban special purpose scheduled road transport services of
passengers (CN)
. interurban scheduled road tran sport services of passengers (C)
. interurban special purpose scheduled road transport services of
passengers (C)
. other scheduled road transport services of passengers: scheduled ski-lift services (C),
telephers-funicular services (CN) and other services (CN)
. taxi services (CN)
. rental services of passenger cars with operator (CN)
rental services of buses and coaches with operator (C)
. road transport services of passengers by man- or animal-drawn vehicles (CN)
. other non-scheduled road transport services of passengers n.e.c. (CN)
. miscellaneous local delivery services (NS)
. coastal and transoceanic water transport services of passengers by ferries (C)
. other coastal and transoceanic water transp ort services of passengers: passenger
services on freight vessels (C), scheduled passenger vessel services  (transportation from
port to port) (C);  non-scheduled passenger vessel services  (including transportation from
port to port) (CN); cruise ship services (C)
. rental services of vessels for coastal and tran soceanic water transport with operator: freight
vessels services (NC), commercial passenger vessel services (NC ), personal passenger
vessel services  (rental or leasing services of personal passenger pleasure self-propelled
vessels with crew (C)
. towing and pushing services on coastal and transoceanic waters (CN)
. inland water transport services of passengers by ferries (CN)
. other inland water transport services of passeng ers (other than ferries, water taxi services):
scheduled passenger services (C), sightseeing excursion services (C), cruise services (C)
. rental services of inland water vessels with operator (C)
. towing and pushing services on inland waters (CN)
. scheduled air transport services of passengers (C)
. non-scheduled air passenger services (C)
. sightseeing services, aircraft or helicopter (C)
. transport services via space: passenger transport services via space (C)
. rental services of aircraft with operator (C)
. navigational air services: water navigational aid services (C), air navigational aid
services (C)
. supporting services for railway transport (C)
. bus station services 
(C)
. highway, bridge and tunnel operation services (CN)
. parking lot services (NS)
. other supporting services for road transport (CN)WT/GC/W/372
S/C/W/127
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. port and waterway operation services (excl. cargo handling): mooring and berthing services
(CN), canal and lock operation services (CN)
. vessel salvage and refloating services (CN)
. other supporting services for water transport: vessel fuelling services (C),
maintenance and upkeep services (C), other supporting services  (provided to private
recreation passenger vessels) (C)
. airport operation services  (excl. cargo handling) (C)
. air traffic control services (C)
. other supporting services for air or space transport: hangar and tie-down services (C),
maintenance and upkeep services (C), aircraft fuelling services (C)
Sector 12 - Other services not included elsewhere
. services provided by extraterritorial organizations and bodies (CN)
References
WTO/OMT (1999): Tourism Satellite Account (TSA). The Conceptual Framework. Madrid:
WTO/OMT Secretariat.
United Nations and WTO/OMT (1994): Recommendati ons on Tourism Statistics, United Nations
Series M, No. 83, New York.
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