WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE DU COMMERCE
ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO
Centre William Rappard    Rue de Lausanne 154    Case postale    CH - 1211 Genève 21
 Téléphone:  (+41 22) 739 51 11    Fax:  (+41 22) 731 42 06
Internet:  http://www.wto.orgReferencia:     WLI/100 20 de noviembre de 2002
ACUERDO DE MARRAKECH POR EL QUE SE ESTABLECE
LA ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO
HECHO EN MARRAKECH EL 15 DE ABRIL DE 1994
ACUERDO GENERAL SOBRE EL COMERCIO DE SERVICIOS
CERTIFICACIÓN DE RECTIFICACIONES O MEJORAS DE
LAS LISTAS DE COMPROMISOS ESPECÍFICOS
ENVÍO DE COPIAS AUTENTICADAS
Tengo el honor de remitirle adjunta una copia autentic ada de las Certificaciones de rectificaciones o
mejoras de las Listas de compromisos específicos de los siguientes Miembros1:
Suriname, con efecto a partir del 20 de diciembre de 1997
Chipre, con efecto a partir del 30 de enero de 1998Barbados, con efecto a partir del 20 de febrero de1998Uganda, con efecto a partir del 24 de diciembre de 1998Guatemala, con efecto a partir del 12 de marzo de 1999Côte d'Ivoire, con efecto a partir del 18 de marzo de 1999Uganda, con efecto a partir del 11 de agosto de 1999
Kenya, con efecto a partir del 11 de agosto de 1999Marruecos, con efecto a partir del 12 de octubre de 2000
La conclusión del procedimiento correspondiente a esta s rectificaciones o mejoras se refleja en los
documentos S/L/54 (Suriname);  S/L/56 (Chipre);  S/ L/57 (Barbados);  S/L/66 (Uganda);  S/L/69 (Guatemala); 
S/L/72 (Côte d'Ivoire);  S/L/77 (Kenya);  y S/L/78 (Uganda).
Supachai Panitchpakdi
Director General
02-6361 WT/Let/432
1Para facilitar la consulta, los textos de estas rect ificaciones o mejoras se han distribuido también en los
documentos GATS/SC/80/Suppl.1 (Suri name);  GATS/SC/25/Suppl.1 (Chipr e);  GATS/SC/9/Suppl.1 (Barbados);
 GATS/SC/89/Suppl.1 (Uganda);  GATS/SC/36/Suppl.1/R ev.1 (Guatemala);  GATS/SC/23/Suppl.2 (Côte
d'Ivoire);  GATS/SC/89/ Suppl.1/Rev.1 (Uganda);  GA TS/SC/47/Suppl.2 (Kenya);  y GATS/SC/57/Suppl.2/Rev.1
(Marruecos).ACUERDO DE MARRAKECH POR EL QUE SE ESTABLECE
LA ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO
HECHO EN MARRAKECH EL 15 DE ABRIL DE 1994
ACUERDO GENERAL SOBRE EL COMERCIO DE SERVICIOS
CERTIFICACIÓN DE RECTIFICACIONES O MEJORAS DE
LAS LISTAS DE COMPROMISOS ESPECÍFICOS
CONSIDERANDO que los proyectos que contenían las rectificaciones o mejoras de las Listas de
compromisos específicos de determinados Miembros se co municaron a todos los Miembros de la Organización
Mundial del Comercio en los documentos S/C/W/29 el  19 de noviembre de 1997 (Suriname), S/C/W/34 el 30 de
diciembre de 1997 (Chipre), S/C/W/35 el 20 de enero de 1998 (Barbados), S/C/W/53 el 24 de septiembre de
1998 (Uganda), S/C/W/86 el 9 de diciembre de 1998 y S/C/W/86/Corr.1 el 18 de diciembre de 1998  (Côted'Ivoire), S/C/W/88 el 11 de diciembre de 1998 (Guatemala), S/C/W/106 el 12 de mayo de 1999 (Uganda),S/C/W/107 el 12 de mayo de 1999 (Kenya) y S/C/W/132 el 14 de julio de 2000 (Marruecos);
CONSIDERANDO que los documentos S/L/54, S/L/56, S/L/57, S/L/66, S/L/69, S/L/72, S/L/77 y S/L/78
demuestran que se han concluido los procedimientos co rrespondientes a esas rectificaciones o mejoras;
POR LA PRESENTE SE CERTIFICA que las rectific aciones o mejoras anexas a las Listas de
compromisos específicos de los siguientes Miembros están debidamente estableci das y constituyen parte
integrante de sus Listas de compromisos específicos a partir de las fechas indicadas:
Suriname, con efecto a partir del 20 de diciembre de 1997
Chipre, con efecto a partir del 30 de enero de 1998Barbados, con efecto a partir del 20 de febrero de1998Uganda, con efecto a partir del 24 de diciembre de 1998Guatemala, con efecto a partir del 12 de marzo de 1999Côte d'Ivoire, con efecto a partir del 18 de marzo de 1999Uganda, con efecto a partir del 11 de agosto de 1999
Kenya, con efecto a partir del 11 de agosto de 1999Marruecos, con efecto a partir del 12 de octubre de 2000
La presente Certificación quedará depositada en poder  del Director General de la Organización
Mundial del Comercio, quien remitirá sin dilaci ón una copia autenticada a cada uno de los Miembros de la
Organización Mundial del Comercio, y será registrada de conformidad con las disposiciones del artículo 102 de
la Carta de las Naciones Unidas.
HECHA en Ginebra el dieciocho de noviembre de dos mil dos.
Supachai Panitchpakdi
Director General
Copia autenticada:
Director General1THE REPUBLIC OF SURINAME
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
(This is authentic in English only)
This text is inserted as the Telecommunication services section in document GATS/SC/80.
20 December 19972SURINAME - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limit ations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
COMMUNICATION SERVICES
C. Telecommunications servicesSee attached additional
commitments on regulatorydisciplines.
For public use
- Fixed network infrastructure- Local, domestic, long distance
and international
(a) Voice telephone services
(including public pay telephoneservices, operator and emergencyservices)
(d) Telex services(f) Facsimile services(g) Private leased circuit services(o) Other services
Fixed satellite services(1) Bypass of the duopoly operators is not permitted.
Long distance and international traffic must berouted through the operators that are licensed tosupply long-distance services. Deliberatelyreversing the real direction of this internationaltraffic is not allowed.
(2) Long distance and international traffic must be
routed through the operators that are licensed tosupply long-distance services. Deliberatelyreversing the real direction of this internationaltraffic is not allowed.
(3) The duopoly operators are granted exclusivity for
a period of five years ending on 1 January 2003.Before the expiration of this period, theGovernment will determine the circumstancesunder which additional operators can be licensed.Foreign equity participation which is applicable asof 1 January 1998 is limited to 40%.(1) None
(2) None
(3) NoneA regulatory body will be
established in 1998.
The Government will
submit to Parliament a newdraft law onTelecommunication. Thislaw will provide thelegislative framework forthe provision of tele-communication servicesreflecting technologicaladvances and pro-competitive practices in thesector.
Duopoly was established to
provide services incompetition. Duopolyoperators have theobligation to provideservices to the underservedpopulation centers.
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures.(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures.
For public use and non-public use on
leased lines only:(1) Bypass of the networ k facilitie s of the duopoly
operators is not perm itted. L ong distance and
international traffic must be routed through the(1) None3Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limit ations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(b) Packet-switched data
transmission services
(c) Circuit-switched data
transmission services
(o) Other services: Internet and
Internet access services (exceptvoice) Teleconferencing servicesoperators that are licensed to supply long distance
and international transmission facilities.
(2) None(3) None, except that bypass of the network facilities
of the duopoly operators  is not permitted.
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures
For non-public use:
(a) Voice telephone services(1) Only on network f acilities s upplied by the
exclusive duopoly operators. Bypass and resale ofexcess capacity are not permitted.
(2) None(3) Only on network f acilities s upplied by the
exclusive operators. Bypass and resale of excesscapacity are not permitted.
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures
For public use:
(o) Other services:
Mobile services (terrestrial andsatellite based)
- Cellular/mobile telephone
services
- Personal communications
services(1) Licenses are granted for a period of five years
ending on 1 January 2003. Before the expiration ofthis period, the Government will determine thecircumstances under which additional operatorscan be licensed. Bypass of the network facilities ofthe duopoly operator s is not permitted.
(2) None(1) None4Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limit ations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(3) Licenses are granted for a period of five years
ending on 1 January 2003. Before the expiration ofthis period the Government will determine thecircumstances under which additional operatorscan be licensed. Foreign equity participationwhich is applicable as of 1 January 1998 is limitedto 40%.
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures.(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures
For pubic use
(c) Other services:
- Mobile data services
- Paging services- Trunked radio systems services
(excluding phone patching)
- Telecommunications equipment
sales
- Telecommunications equipment,
rental maintenance, connection,repair and consulting services(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated under horizontal
measures5REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic telecommunications
services. 
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers. 
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  and(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technica lly substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier is a s upplier which has the ability  to materially affect  the terms of particip ation (having regard to
price and supply) in the relevant market for ba sic telecommunications services as a result of:
(a) control over essen tial facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti- competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or  continuing anti-co mpetitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) engaging in anti-competitiv e cross-subsidization; 
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitiv e results;  and
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical  information about
essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them toprovide services.
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers pr oviding public telecommunications transport networks or
services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and  to accessservices provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at  any technically feasible  point in th e network. 
Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (inc luding technical standard s and specifications)6and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like services or for
like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard toeconomic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for networkcomponents or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided;  and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the networ k termination points offered to the majority of
users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary a dditional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements or a
reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnec tion:  dis pute settlement
A service supplier requesting inte rconnection with a major supplie r will have rec ourse, either:
(a) at any time or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve
disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time,to the extent that these have not been established previously.
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain.  Such
obligations will not be re garded as an ti-competitive per se , provided they are administered in a transparent, non-
discriminatory and compe titively neutral manner and ar e not more burdensome than  necessary for the kind of
universal service defined by the Member.
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning
an application for a licence  and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.75. Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate fr om, and not accountable to, any supplier of ba sic telecommunications
services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all marketparticipants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights
of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current stateof allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocatedfor specific government uses is not required.
__________8CYPRUS
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
(This is authentic in English only)
This text is inserted as the Telecommunication services section in document GATS/SC/25.
30 January 19989CYPRUS - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limit ations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
2.C Telecommunication ServicesNOTE 1A Telecommunications Policy Review Study was
commissioned by the Government which covered theregulatory framework in which CYTA operates and thechanges which have to take place for the gradualliberalization of the market. The Council of Ministers isexpected to decide on the specific measures to be takenwithin 1998.
Domestic and international services providedusing any network tec hnology, in a facilities
based or resale basis, in the following marketsegments:(a) Voice telephony (CPC 7521)(b) Packet switched data transmission services
(CPC 7523**)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound (see note 1 above)(4) Unbound (see note 1 above)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound
(c) Circuit switched data transmission (CPC
7523**)
(d) Telex services (CPC 7523**)(e) Telegraph services (CPC 7522)(f) Facsimile services (CPC 7521** + 7529)(g) Private leased circuit services (CPC 7522,
CPC  7523)
NOTE:The National legislation established Cyprus Telecommunications Authority (CYTA) as the only authorized entity for this ins tallation, operation and maintenance of telecommunications networks in Cyprus as well as for the
procession of all telecommunications services.10Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limit ations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(o) Other
Mobile servicesSatellite servicesPaging services(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound (see note 1 above)(4) Unbound (see note 1 above)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound11BARBADOS
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
(This is authentic in English only)
This text is inserted as the Telecommunication services section in document GATS/SC/9.
20 February 199812BARBADOS - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector
(GNS/W/120 Coding)Limitations on Market Access Limitations on  National Treatment A dditional Commitments
2.C. Telecommunications Services Barbados undertakes the
obligations contained in thereference paper hereto
For public use:
a. Voice telephone services (7521)
b. Packet-switched data transmission services
(7523**)
c. Circuit-switched data transmission services
(7523**)
d. Telex services (7523**)e. Telegraph services (7522)f. Facsimile services
(7521**, 7529**)
g. Private leased circuit services (7522**,
7523**)(1) Until 1 January  2012, reserved to exclusive
suppliers.
(2) None(3) Until 1 January  2012, reserved to exclusive
suppliers.
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.13Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector
(GNS/W/120 Coding)Limitations on Market Access Limitations on  National Treatment A dditional Commitments
For non-public use (i.e. closed user groups, on a
non-facilities basis):
a. Voice telephone services (7521)
b. Packet-switched data transmission (7523**)c. Circuit-switched data transmission services
(7523**)
d. Telex services (7523**)e. Telegraph services (7522)f. Facsimile services (7521**, 7529**)(1) Until 1 Janua ry 2012, only  permitte d over
networks of the exclusive suppliers; two-endedbreak-out not permitted.
(2) None(3) Until 1 Janua ry 2012, only  permitte d over
networks of the exclusive suppliers; two-endedbreak-out not permitted.
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Value-added services:
h. Electronic mail (7523**)i. Voice mail (7523**)j. On-line information and data base retrieval
(7523**)
k. Electronic data interchange (7523**)l. Enhanced/value-added facsimile services,
incl. store and forward, store and retrieve(7523**)
m. Code and protocol conversionn. On-line information and/or data processing
(incl. transaction processing) (843**)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Other:
- Internet and internet access services(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(1) None
(2) None
(3) None14Modes of supply:        1)    Cross-border supply     2)    Consumption abroad       3)    Commercial presence      4)    Prese nce of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector
(GNS/W/120 Coding)Limitations on Market Access Limitations on  National Treatment A dditional Commitments
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
- Mobile services (terrestrial and satellite
based)- cellular/mobile telephone services- mobile data services- personal communication services-p a g i n g(1) None as of 1 January 1999
(2) None(3) None as of 1 January 1999(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
- Fixed Satellite Services
- VSAT services (for non-public use)(1) None, except: two-ended break-out is not
permitted.
(2) None, except: two-ended break-out is not
permitted.
(3) None, except: two-ended break-out is not
permitted.
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
- Telecom equipment sales, rental,
maintenance, connection, repair andconsultin g services (7541, 7545)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section.15REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic telecommunications
services. 
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers. 
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  and(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technica lly substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier is a s upplier which has the ability  to materially affect  the terms of particip ation (having regard to
price and supply) in the relevant market for ba sic telecommunications services as a result of:
(a) control over essen tial facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti- competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or  continuing anti-co mpetitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) engaging in anti-competitiv e cross-subsidization; 
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitiv e results;  and
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical  information about
essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them toprovide services.
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers pr oviding public telecommunications transport networks or
services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and  to accessservices provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at  any technically feasible  point in th e network. 
Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (inc luding technical standard s and specifications)16and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like services or for
like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (incl uding technical standards and specifications) and
cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, andsufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilitiesthat it does not require for the service to be provided;  and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the networ k termination points offered to the majority of
users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary a dditional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements or a
reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnec tion:  dis pute settlement
A service supplier requesting inte rconnection with a major supplie r will have rec ourse, either:
(a) at any time or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve
disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time,to the extent that these have not been established previously.
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain.  Such
obligations will not be re garded as an ti-competitive per se , provided they are administered in a transparent, non-
discriminatory and compe titively neutral manner and ar e not more burdensome than  necessary for the kind of
universal service defined by the Member.    
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning
an application for a licence  and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.175. Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate fr om, and not accountable to, any supplier of ba sic telecommunications
services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all marketparticipants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights
of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current stateof allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocatedfor specific government uses is not required.18UGANDA
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
(This is authentic in English only)
This text is inserted as the Telecommunication services section in document GATS/SC/89.
24 December 199819UGANDA - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
2.C. Telecommunications Services*
Facilities based public-switched
telecommunication services on fixednetwork infrastructure:Uganda undertakes the obligations
contained in the reference paperattached hereto.
(a) Basic voice services except over
value-added networks like Internet
(b) Packet-switched data(c) Circuit-switched data(d) Telex services(f) Facsimile services(g) Private leased circuit services
*Excludes video and audio broadcast
services(1) International traffic only carried through
networks of the duopoly major licence holders.
(2) None(3) Existing monopoly anticipated not to go beyond
December 1998. Thereafter, Uganda TelecomLimited (UTL) and Second National Operator(SNO)
1 duopoly exclusivity, subject to Uganda
Government review after 2003. No limitationson foreign investment except that neither UTLnor its affiliates shall hold ownership in theSNO or its affiliates and neither SNO or itsaffiliates shall hold ownership in the UTL or itsaffiliates. Company must be registered inUganda. Bulk sale of capacity allowed only toother major or minor licence holders.(1) None
(2) None
(3) NoneThe interpretation of "Major
licence" and "Minor licence" areas by the definitions given by theUganda Communications Act1997.
2
                                             
1"SNO" means the first public operator other than UTL issued with a major licence.
2i.e. Major licence includes a licence for the provision of local, long distance or international telephone services, trunk capa city resale, rural telecommunications, store and forward messaging, cellular or mobile
services and;  minor licence includes all other licences not being major licences.20Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
except where Ugandans are or becomeavailable.  Entry and temporary stay offoreign service suppliers subject tocompliance with laws, regulations andguidelines in force in Uganda.(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
Private voice & data for closed user
groups (group of people with stablecommon and long-term economic interest)(1)        None, except where provider is a commercial
minor licence operator, the first cross-border access alternative should be throughthe duopoly major licence holder.
(2)                    None(3)        Resale of excess capacity not allowed. 
Company must be registered in Uganda.
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
except where Ugandans are or becomeavailable.  Entry and temporary stay offoreign service suppliers subject tocompliance with laws, regulations andguidelines in force in Uganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.21Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
(o)  Other
      - Mobile cellular voice and data (1)        Roaming is allowed but cross-border access
permitted only via netw ork of duopoly major
licence operator.
(2)                     None(3)        One operator existing. Up to 2003 a
maximum of (two) 2 more operators to havecellular mobile licences as a service withinmajor licence. Company must be registeredin Uganda
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
except where Ugandans are or becomeavailable.  Entry and temporary stay offoreign service suppliers subject tocompliance with laws, regulations andguidelines in force in Uganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
      - Data services  TCP/IP (Internet) (1) None
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4) Unbound(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound22Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
      - Paging services (1)        Cross border permitted only via major licence
operator.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4) Unbound(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound
      - Private mobile radio      - Trunked mobile radio(1)        Cross-border supply only via a duopoly major
licence operator
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
except where Ugandans are or becomeavailable.  Entry and temporary stay offoreign service suppliers subject tocompliance with laws, regulations andguidelines in force in Uganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
Global mobile personal communications
by satellite operations (1)       None apart from arrangements under
GMPCS-MoU.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4) Unbound(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound23REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services. 
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers. 
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or
service that:
(a) Are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of
suppliers;  and
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or tec hnically substituted in order to provide a
service.
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of
participation (having regard to price and supply) in th e relevant market for basic telecommunications services
as a result of:
(a) Control over essen tial facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti- competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone
or together, are a major supp lier from engaging in  or continuing anti- competitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) Engaging in anti-competitiv e cross-subsidization; 
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitiv e results;  and
(c) not making available to other servi ces suppliers on a timely basis technical
information about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which arenecessary for them to provide services.
Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplierand to access services provided by another supplier, where speci fic commitments are undertaken.242.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supp lier will be ensured at any tec hnically feasible point in the
network.  Such interconnection is provided:
(a) Under non-discriminatory terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its ownlike services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries orother affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard toeconomic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for networkcomponents or facilities that it does not require  for the service to be provided;  and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessaryadditional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly
available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make  publicly available either its interconnection
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnec tion:  dis pute settlement
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will ha ve recourse,
either:
(a) At any time;  or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to
resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonableperiod of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.
Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to
maintain.  Such obligations will not  be regarded as  anti-competitive per se , provided they are administered in a
transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manne r and are not more burdensome than necessary
for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.
Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) All the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a
decision concerning an application for a licence;  and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.25The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate  from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with
respect to all mark et participants.
Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and
rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. Thecurrent state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of
frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required
.26GUATEMALA
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
Revision
(This is authentic in Spanish only)
This text replaces document GATS/SC/36/Suppl.1 on telecommunication services.
12 March 199927GUATEMALA - LISTA REVISADA DE COMPROMISOS ESPECÍFICOS
Modos de suministro:        1)    Suministro transfronterizo     2)    Consumo en el extranjero       3)    Presencia comercial       4)    Presencia de personas físicas
Sector o subsector Limitaciones al acceso a los mercados L imitaciones al trato nacional Compromisos adicionales
2. SERVICIOS DE
COMUNICACIONES
C. Servicios de telecomunicacionesEl Gobierno de Guatemala adquiere
compromisos adicionales que se expresan enel anexo.
a. Servicios de teléfono (7521)b. Servicios de transmisión de datos
con conmutación de paquetes(7523)
c. Servicios de transmisión de datos
con conmutación de circuitos(7523)
d. Servicios de télex (7523)e. Servicios de telégrafo (7522)1) El tráfico internacional debe ser enrutado a través
de las instalaciones de una empresa con título deusufructo de frecuencia y/o Certificado delRegistro de Telecomunicaciones de laSuperintendencia de Telecomunicaciones.
2) Ninguna1) Ninguna
2) Ninguna
f. Servicios de facsímil
(7521, 7529)
g. Servicios de circuitos privados
arrendados (7522, 7523)
o. Otros
Servicios de radiobúsqueda(75291)Servicios celulares (75213)Servicios de comunicaciónpersonalesServicios móviles de datosServicios por satélite3) Ninguna
4) Sin consolidar, excepto lo indicado en los
compromisos horizontales3) Ninguna
4) Sin consolidar, excepto lo indicado
en los compromisos horizontales28Compromisos adicionales de Guatemala en materia de
reglamentación para f acilitar la competencia
Alcance
A continuación figuran definiciones y principios relativos al marco reglamentario de los servicios de
telecomunicaciones básicas.
Definiciones
Por usuarios se entiende los consumidores de servicios de telecomunicaciones.
Por instalaciones esenciales se entiende toda instalación de una red o servicio públicos de transporte de
telecomunicaciones que:
a) sea suministrada exclusivamente o de manera predominante por un solo proveedor o por un
número limitado de proveedores;  y
b) cuya sustitución con miras al suministro de un servicio no sea factible en lo económico o en lo
técnico.
Un proveedor importante es un proveedor que tenga la capacidad de afectar de manera importante las
condiciones de participación (desde el punto de vista de  los precios y del suministro) en un mercado dado de
servicios de telecomunicaciones básicas como resultado de:
a) el control de las instalaciones esenciales;  ob) la utilización de su posición en el mercado.
1. Salvaguardias de la competencia
1.1 Prevención de las prácticas anticompetitivas en la esfera de las telecomunicaciones
Se mantendrán medidas adecuadas con el fin de impedir que aquellos proveedores que, individual o
conjuntamente, sean un proveedor importante, em pleen o sigan empleando prácticas anticompetitivas.
1.2 Salvaguardias
Las prácticas anticompetitivas a las que se hace referencia supra incluirán, en particular, las siguientes:
a) realizar actividades anticompetitivas de subvención cruzada;b) utilizar información obtenid a de competidores con re sultados anticompetitivos;  y
c) no poner oportunamente a disposición de los demás proveedores de servicios la información
técnica sobre las instalaciones esenciales y la información comercialmente pertinente que éstosnecesiten para suministrar servicios.
2. Interconexión
2.1 Este artículo se refiere al enlace con los provee dores que suministren rede s o servicios públicos de
transporte de telecomunicaciones, con objeto de que los usuarios de un proveedor puedan comunicarse con losusuarios de otro proveedor y tener acceso a los servicios suministrados por otro proveedor.
2.2 Interconexión que se ha de asegurar
Dentro de los límites en que se permita el acceso al mercado, la interconexión con un proveedor
importante quedará asegurada en cualquier punto técnicamente  viable de la red.  Esta interconexión se facilitará:29a) en términos y condiciones (inc luidas las normas y especificacione s técnicas) y con tarifas que no
sean discriminatorias, y será de una calidad no menos  favorable que la facilitada para sus
propios servicios similare s o para servicios sim ilares de provee dores de servic ios no afiliados o
para sus filiales u otra s sociedades afiliadas;
b) en una forma oportuna, en té rminos y condiciones (incluidas  las normas y especificaciones
técnicas) y con tarifas que sean transparentes, tengan en cuenta la viabilidad económica, y estén
suficientemente desagregados para que el proveedor no deba pagar por componentes oinstalaciones de la red que no necesite para el suministro del servicio;  y
c) previa solicitud, en puntos adicionales a los puntos de terminación de la red ofrecidos a la
mayoría de los usuarios, a un precio que refleje el costo de construcción de las instalacionesadicionales necesarias.
2.3 Disponibilidad pública de los procedimientos de negociación de interconexiones
Se pondrán a disposición del público los procedimientos aplicables a la interconexión con un proveedor
importante.
2.4 Transparencia de los acuerdos de interconexión
Se garantiza que todo proveedor importante pondrá a disposición del público sus acuerdos de
interconexión o una oferta de interconexión de referencia únicamente durante el período comprendido del 18 demayo de 1997 hasta el 18 de mayo de 2000.
2.5 Interconexión:  solución de diferencias
Si dentro de un plazo de 40 días (hábiles) las partes no llegan a un acuerdo en cuanto al acceso de
recursos esenciales, la Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones -SIT- deberá resolver al respecto por elprocedimiento especificado en la Ley General de Telecomunicaciones.
Contra resoluciones originarias de la Superint endencia de Te lecomunicaciones, únicamente podrá
interponerse recurso de revisión, el cu al deberá se resuelto por el Ministerio de Co municaciones, Transporte y
Obras Públicas.  Contra cualquier resolución derivada de un recurso de revisión di ctado por el Ministerio de
Comunicaciones, Transporte y Obras Pública, procederá el recurso del contencioso administrativo.
3. Servicio universal
Todo Miembro tiene derecho a definir el tipo de ob ligación de servicio universal que desee mantener. 
No se considerará que las obligaciones de esa naturaleza son anticompetitivas per se , a condición de que sean
administradas de manera transparente y no discriminato ria y con neutralidad en la competencia y no sean más
gravosas de lo necesario para el tipo de servicio universal definido por el Miembro.
4. Disponibilidad pública de los criterios de otorgamiento de títulos de usufructo
Cuando se exija un título de usufructo, se pondrán a disposición del público:a) todos los criterios de concesión de títulos de usufructo y los plazos normalmente requeridos
para tomar una decisión re lativa a una solicitud de títu los de usufructo;  y
b) los términos y condiciones de lo s títulos de usufructo individuales.
A solicitud del interesado le  serán comunicadas las r azones de la de negación del título  de usufructo.
5. Independencia de la entidad de reglamentación
El órgano de reglamentación será independiente de todo proveedor de servicios de telecomunicaciones30básicas y no responderá ante él.  Las decisiones del órgano de reglamentación y los procedimientos aplicados
serán imparciales con respecto a todos los participantes en el mercado.
6. Asignación y utilización de recursos escasos
Todo procedimiento para la asi gnación y utilización de recursos es casos, como las frecuencias, los
números y los derechos de pago, se llevará a la práctica de manera objetiva, oportuna, transparente y nodiscriminatoria.  Se pondrá a disposición del público el estado actual de las bandas de frecuencia asignadas, perono es preciso identificar detalladamente las frecuencias asignadas a usos oficiales específicos.31CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 2
(This is authentic in French only)
This document replaces the financial services section of document GATS/SC/23.
18 March 199932CÔTE D'IVOIRE – LISTE D'ENGAGEMENTS SPÉCIFIQUES
Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
7. SERVICES 
FINANCIERS
A. Services d'assurance et
services connexes
a) Assurance sur la vie
b) Assurances autres que sur
la vie1) Conformément aux dispositions du Code des
assurances de la Conférence Interafricaine desMarchés d'Assurance (CIMA), les contratsd'assurance concernant une personne, un bien ouune responsab ilité situés en Cô te d'Ivoire, ne
peuvent être souscrits qu'auprès des organismesagréés pour pratiquer des opérations d'assurance enCôte d'Ivoire.1) Aucune
2) Non consolidé 2) Non consolidé
3) Les activités d'assurance d'une entreprise
étrangère ne peuvent être exercées que sous formede filiale agréée ou de succursale agréée. L'obtention de l'agrément est conditionnée parl'honorab ilité, la qualificati on, les garanties
financières apportées et un examen des besoinséconomiques.3) Aucune
4) Non consolidé sauf pour le personnel employé
par les sociétés d'assurance4) Conformément aux dispositions du Code des
assurances CIMA, le mandataire général d'unesuccursale de société d'assurance étrangère doitavoir son domicile et résider en Côte d'Ivoiredepuis six mois.33Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
c) Services de réassurance
et de rétrocession1) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires
2) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires3) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires4) Non consolidé1) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires
2) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires3) Non consolidé pour les cessions obligatoires4) Non consolidé
d) Intermédiation en
assurance:
- courtage et
agence1) - Obligation est faite aux courtiers d'obtenir un
agrément du Ministre en charge du secteurdes assurances pour le placement des risquesde toutes natures situés en Côte d'Ivoire et dejustifier d'un établissement permanent enCôte d'Ivoire.
- Obligation est faite aux agents d'obtenir un
mandat d'une société d'assurance agréée, dejustifier d'un établissement permanent enCôte d'Ivoire et d'obtenir une carteprofessionnelle du Ministre en charge dusecteur des assurances.1) Aucune
2) Non consolidé
3) - En ce qui concerne les courtiers, l'obtention
de l'agrément est conditionnée parl'honorab ilité, la qualification et les garanties
financières apportées.
- En ce qui concerne les agents, la délivrance de
la carte professionnelle est conditionnée parl'honorab ilité et la capacité.2) Non consolidé
3) Aucune
4) Non consolidé 4) Non consolidé34Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
B. Services bancaires et
autres services financiers à
l'exclusion des assurances
a) Acceptation de dépôts et
d'autres fonds remboursablesdu public1) Aucune
2) Les opérations de dépôts à l'étranger (pays
hors de la zone franc) nécessitent l'autorisation préalabledu Ministre chargé des finances, exceptés les dépôtseffectués par les banques et établissements financiers,qui sont soumis au contrôle de la Banque centrale desétats de l'Afrique de l'ouest.1) Aucune
2) Aucune
3) L'agrément pour l'exercice d'une activité
bancaire est prononcé par arrêté du Ministre desfinances après avis conforme de la Commissionbancaire.
L'obtention de l'agrément est conditionnée
par:
- l'honor abilité;
- l'expérience des personnes appelées à diriger,
administrer ou gérer la banque oul'établissement financier et ses agences;
- les garanties financières apportées par les
actionnaires et l'aptitude de l'entreprise àréaliser ses objectifs de développement dansdes conditions compatibles avec le bonfonctionnement du système bancaire et unesécurité suffisante de la clientèle.
Les banques doivent êt re constitu ées sous
forme de sociétés anonymes à capital fixe qui ontleur siège social en Côte d'Ivoire.3) Aucune35Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
La collecte de dépôts peut également être
effectuée par des sociétés coopératives oumutualistes à capital variable après agrément duMinistre des finances suite à l'avis conforme de laCommission bancaire.  L'obtention de l'agrémentest conditionnée par l'honor abilité, la  qualification
et les garanties financières apportées.
4) Nul ne peut diriger, administrer ou gérer une
banque ou un établissement financier ou une deleurs agences, s'il n'a pas la nationalité d'un paysmembre de l'Union monétaire ouest africaine àmoins qu'il ne jouisse en vertu d'une conventiond'établissement, d'une assimilation auxressortissants de l'UMOA.   Le Ministre des
finances peut accorder sur avis conforme de laCommission bancaire des dérogationsindividuelles.
Les personnes physiques ne peuvent accepter
des dépôts du public.4) Aucune
b) Prêts de tout type, y
compris crédit à laconsommation, crédithypothécaire, affacturage etfinancement de transactionscommerciales1) Non consolidé
2) Non consolidé3) Les opérations de crédit de tout type ne
peuvent être effectuées que par les banques etétablissements financiers agréés ainsi que lesinstitutions mutualistes d'épargne et de crédit. L'agrément pour l'exercice de ces activités estprononcé par arrêté du Ministre des finances aprèsavis conforme de la Commission bancaire.1) Non consolidé
2) Non consolidé3) Aucune36Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
L'obtention de l'agrément est conditionnée
par:
- l'honor abilité;
- l'expérience des personnes appelées à diriger,
administrer ou gérer la banque oul'établissement financier et ses agences;
- les garanties financières apportées par les
actionnaires et l'aptitude de l'entreprise àréaliser ses objectifs de développement dansdes conditions compatibles avec le bonfonctionnement du système bancaire et unesécurité suffisante de la clientèle.
Les banques doivent êt re constitu ées sous
forme de sociétés anonymes à capital fixe qui ontleur siège social en Côte d'Ivoire.
4) Nul ne peut diriger, administrer ou gérer une
banque ou un établissement financier ou une deleurs agences, s'il n'a pas la nationalité d'un paysmembre de l'Union monétaire ouest africaine àmoins qu'il ne jouisse en vertu d'une conventiond'établissement, d'une assimilation auxressortissants de l'UMOA.   Le Ministre des
finances peut accorder sur avis conforme de laCommission bancaire des dérogationsindividuelles.4) Non consolidé37Modes de fourniture: 1)  Fourniture transfrontières 2)  Consommation à l'étranger 3)  Présence commerciale 4)  Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement national Engagements addit ionnels
c) Tous services de
règlements et de transfertsmonétaires, y compris cartesde crédit, de paiement etsimilaires, chèques de voyageet traites1) Non consolidé
2) Non consolidé3) L'exercice de ces activités est dévolu à
l'Administration des postes et aux établissementsbancaires.  Ces derniers doivent obtenir, en sus del'agrément de banque, un agrément  en qualité
d'intermédiaire habilité à exécuter des règlementsavec l'étranger, délivré par le Ministre chargé desfinances.1) Non consolidé
2) Non consolidé3) Aucune
En outre, un agrément spécifique du Ministre
est requis pour l'émission de cartes de crédit.
L'obtention de l'agrément est conditionnée
par:
- l'honor abilité;
- l'expérience des personnes appelées à diriger,
administrer ou gérer la banque oul'établissement financier et ses agences;
- les garanties financières apportées par les
actionnaires et l'aptitude de l'entreprise àréaliser ses objectifs de développement dansdes conditions compatibles avec le bonfonctionnement du système bancaire et unesécurité suffisante de la clientèle.
Les banques doivent êt re constitu ées sous
forme de sociétés anonymes à capital fixe qui ontleur siège social en Côte d'Ivoire.
4) Non consolidé 4) Non consolidé38UGANDA
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 1
Revision
(This is authentic in English only)
This text replaces documents GATS/SC/ 89/Suppl.1 on telecomm unication services.
11 August 199939UGANDA – REVISED SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
2.C. Telecommunications Services*
Facilities based public-switched voice
telecommunication services on fixednetwork infrastructure:Uganda undertakes the obligations
contained in the reference paperattached hereto.
(a) Basic voice services, includin g over
value-added networks such asInternet
(b) Private voice network services to
third parties
*Excludes video and audio broadcast
services(1) International basic voice telephony traffic must
be carried through networks of the duopolymajor licence holders and other pre-existinglicence holders, according to the terms of thoselicences..
(2) None(3) SNO inaugurated service 21 October 1998.
Thereafter,  Uganda Telecom Limited (UTL)
and Second National Operator (SNO)
1 duopoly
exclusivity, subject to Uganda Governmentreview after 2003. Neither UTL nor its affiliatesshall hold interests in the SNO or its affiliatesnor shall SNO or its affiliates hold ownership inthe UTL or its affiliates. Company must beregistered in Uganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) NoneThe interpretation of "Major
licence" and "Minor licence" areas by the definitions given by theUganda Communications Act1997.
2
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available. Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda.(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
                                             
1"SNO" means the first public operator other than UTL issued with a major licence.
2i.e. Major licence includes a licence for the provision of local, long distance or international telephone services, trunk capa city resale rural telecommunications, store and forward messaging, cellular
or mobile services and;  minor licence includes all other licences not being major licences.40Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
Private voice & data for closed user
groups (group of people with stablecommon and long-term economic interest)(1)        None, except cross-border access alternative
for voice should be through the duopolymajor licence holders.
(2) None(3)        Resale of excess capacity not allowed. 
Company must be registered in Uganda.
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available. Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
(o)  Other
      - Mobile cellular voice and data (1)        Roaming is allowed but cross-border access
permitted only via netw ork of duopoly major
licence operator.
(2) None(3)        Two operators existing. Up to 2003 a
maximum of (three) (3)  operators to havecellular mobile licences as a service .  The
third operator will be UTL. Company mustbe registered in Uganda.
(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available. Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.41Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
      - Data services  TCP/IP (Internet) (1)        None, except international voice over
Internet, not permitted during the five yearexclusivity period of the duopoly majorlicence holders.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4)        Unbound  except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available. Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda .(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound  except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
     - Paging services (1)        Cross border permitted only via networks of
duopoly major licence operator.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4)        Unbound, except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available.Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.42Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)    Commercial presence      (4)    P resence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on nation al treatment Additional commitments
     - Private mobile radio &
     - Trunked mobile radio(1)        Cross-border supply only via networks of
duopoly major licence operator.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4)        Unbound except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available. Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess.
Global mobile personal communications
by satellite operations (1)       Permitted only with agreement with one or
both duopoly operators as well asarrangements under GMPCS-MoU, to whichUganda is a signatory.
(2) None(3)        Company must be registered in Uganda(4)        Unbound  except for technical personnel
unless Ugandans are or become available.Entry and temporary stay of foreign servicesuppliers subject to compliance with laws,regulations and guidelines in force inUganda .(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4)        Unbound except for technical
personnel stipulated under marketaccess43REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services. 
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers. 
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that:
(a) Are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  and(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technica lly substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier is a supp lier which has the ability to  materially affect the terms of pa rticipation
(having regard to price and supply) in the relevant mark et for basic telecommunications services as a result of:
(a) Control over essen tial facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti- competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or  continuing anti-co mpetitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) Engaging in anti-competitiv e cross-subsidization; 
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitiv e results;  and
(c) not making available to other servi ces suppliers on a timely basis technical  information
about essential facilities and commercially re levant information which are necessary for them to
provide services.
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and toaccess services provided by another supplier, where speci fic commitments are undertaken.
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supp lier will be ensured at any tec hnically feasible point in the
network.  Such interconnection is provided:
(a) Under non-discriminatory terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like44services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (i ncluding technical standa rds and specifications)
and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, andsufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilities that itdoes not require for the service to be provided;  and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the netw ork termination points offered to the majority
of users, subject to ch arges that reflect the cost of constr uction of necessary additional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements
or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnec tion:  dis pute settlement
A service supplier requesting inte rconnection with a major supplie r will have rec ourse, either:
(a) At any time;  or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve
disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rate s for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to
the extent that these have not been established previously.
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. 
Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se , provided they are administered in a transparent, non-
discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more burdensome than necessary for the kind ofuniversal service defined by the Member.
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) All the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision
concerning an application for a licence;  and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5. Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate  from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the proce dures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to
all market participants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights of45way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transp arent and non-discriminatory manner. The current state of
allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocated forspecific government uses is not required.46KENYA
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 2
(This is authentic in English only)
This Schedule supplements the section on Telecommunicati ons Services on pages 2 and 3 of document GATS/SC/47.
11 August 199947KENYA –- SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
2.C. Telecommunications
services (excludesvideo and audiobroadcast services)
For public use:
(a) Voice
telephone service(7521)(1) None, except
International call-backservices are not permitted.(1) NoneKenya undertakes the
obligation containedin the referencepaper hereto.
(b) Telex
services (7523 **)(2) None, except International
call-back services are notpermitted.(2) None
(c) Telegraph
services (7522)
(d) Facsimile
service (7521**,7529**)
(e) Private
leased circuitservices (7522**,7523**)(3) Until 2003, monopoly on
supply of services inNairobi as well as on supplyof International gatewayfacilities services, andresale in monopoly areasonly with permission ofsupplier of underlyingservices and facilities.Foreign investment islimited to 30 per centmaximum.
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.48Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
For public use: (1) None (1) None
(b) Packet -
Switched datatransmissionservices (7523**)
(c) Circuit -
Switched datatransmissionservices (7523**)(2) None
(3) None, except Foreign
investment is limited to 30per cent maximum.
(4) Unbounded, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(2) None
(3) None
4) Unbounded, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.
For non - public use:
Services supplied toclosed users group. (1) None, except through the
network of Telkom Kenya Ltd.Or monopoly.  Internationalcall-back services are notpermitted.(1) None
(a) Voice
telephone services 
(7521)(2) None, except through the
network of licenced telecomoperator.  Internationalcall back services are notpermitted.(2) None49Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
(b) Packet -
switched data 
transmission
services 
(7523**)(3) Only over facilities of
licenced operators breakoutand Resale of excesscapacity are not permitted. Foreign investment limitedto a maximum of 30 per cent.(3) None
(c) Circuit -
switched datatransmissionservices (7523**)(4) Unbounded, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(4) Unbounded, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.
(d) Telex
services (7523 **)
(e) Telegraph
services (7522)
(f) Facsimile
services (7521**,7529**)
Value added services:
(h) Electronic
mail (7523**)(1) None (1) None
(i) Voice mail
(7523**)
(j) On-line
information anddata base Retrieval(7523**)
(k) Electronic
data intercharge(7523**)(2) None
(3) Only over facilities of
licenced network operators. Foreign investment limitedto maximum 30 per cent.
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.50Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
(l)
Enhanced/valu
e-added facsimileservices, incl.Store and forward,store and retrieve(7523**)
(m) Code and
protocol conversion
(n) On-line
information and/ordata processing(includingtransactionprocessing) (843**)
Other:
- Internet and
internet accessservices(1) None
(2) None(1) None
(2) None
(3) Only over facilities of
licenced network operators. Foreign investment limitedto maximum 30 per cent.(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in thehorizontalsection.(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in the
ontal section.
Satellite based
- Mobile Services (1) None, except as provided
for under GMPCS MOU.(1) None51Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
- Cellular/mobile
telephone
- Mobile data
services(2) None, except as provided
for under GMPCS MOU.(2) None
- Personal
communicationsservices(3) None, except foreign
investment is limited to 30per cent maximum(3) None
- Paging
Terrestrial based
- Mobile Services- Cellular/mobile
telephone services(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.
(1) Only through the network
of Telkom Kenya Ltd. andsubsequent licencedInternational gatewayoperator. Internationalcall-back services are notpermitted.(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.
(1) None
- Mobile data
services
- Personal
communicationsservices(2) Only through the network
of Telkom Kenya Ltd. andsubsequent licencedInternational gatewayoperator. Internationalcall-back services are notpermitted.(2) None
- Paging (3) Other than paging services
and PCS, initially theservices will be provided byTelkom Kenya Ltd.  A secondoperator is to be licencedwithin one year.(3) None
(4) Unbound except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(4) Unbound except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.52Modes of supply:        (1)    Cross-border supply     (2)    Consumption abroad       (3)   
Commercial presence      (4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limitations on national
treatmentAdditional commitments
- Fixed Satellite
Services (forpublic use)(1) Only through the network
of Telkom Kenya andsubsequent licencedinternational gatewayoperator.(1) None
(2) Only through the network
of Telkom Kenya andsubsequent licencedinternational gatewayoperator.(2) None
(3) Foreign investment is
limited to maximum 30 %.(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in the horizontalsection.(4) Unbound, except as
indicated in thehorizontal section.53ADDITIONAL COMMITMENTS OF KENYA ON REGULATORY PRINCIPLES
REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services.
Definition
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers.
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that:-
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technica lly substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier  is a supplier which has the ability to materially  affect the terms of participation (having
regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of:-
(a) control over esse ntial facilities; or
(b) user of its position in the market.
1. Competitive Safeguards1.1 Prevention of anti- competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or  continuing anti-co mpetitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:-(a) engaging in anti-compe titive cross-subsidization;
(b) using information obtaine d from competitors with anti-competitive results; and
(c) not making available to other services supp liers on a timely basis technical information about
essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them toprovide services.
2. Interconnection2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers pr oviding public telecommunications transport networks or
services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and to accessservices provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at  any technically feasible  point in th e network. 
Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (i ncluding technical  standards and specifications)
and rates and of a quality no less favourable that provided for its own like services or for like54services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (inc luding technical standards and specifications) and
cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, andsufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need  not pay for network components or facilities
that it does not require for the service to be provided; and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the networ k termination points offered to the majority of
users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary a dditional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements or a
reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconn ection: dis pute settlement
A service supplier requesting inte rconnection with a major supplie r will have resource, either:-
(a) at any time or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an independent
domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as refereed to in paragraph 5 below, to resolvedisputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within areasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.
3. UNIVERSAL SERVICE
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain.  Such
obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se, provided they are administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and compe titively neutral manner and ar e not more burdensome than  necessary for the kind of
universal service defined by the Member.
4. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF LICENSING CRITERIA
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:-(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning
an application for a licence and
(b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5. INDEPENDENT REGULATORS
The regulatory body is separate from , and not accountable to  any suppliers of ba sic telecommunications
services.  The decisions of and the procedures used by the regulators shall be impartial with respect to all marketparticipants.
6. ALLOCATION AND USE OF SCARCE RESOURCES
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights of way,55will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparen t and non-discriminatory manne r.  The current state of
allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available but detailed identification of frequencies allocated forspecific government users is not required.56KINGDOM OF MOROCCO
Schedule of Specific Commitments
Supplement 2
Revision
(This is authentic in French only)
This text completes the te lecommunications services section containe d in pages 4 to 5 of document GATS/SC/57.
12 October 200057MAROC - LISTE D'ENGAGEMENTS SPECIFIQUES1
Modes de fourniture:     1)    Fourniture transfrontières     2)    Consommation à l'étranger    3)    Présence commerciale    4)    Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement na tional Engagements addit ionnels
2.C. SERVICES DE TELE-
COMMUNICATIONVoir note explicative en
annexe
(non compris la diffusion de
programmes radiophoniqueset télévisuels à l'intention dupublic en général.
a) Service de téléphonie vocale
entre points fixes
d) Service télexo) Réseau numérique à
intégration de services(ISDN)1) Possible à travers le réseau de télécommunication
d'IAM
2
2) Aucune
3) Ces services restent sous monopole d'IAM
jusqu'au 31 décembre 2001
Participation étrangère au capital d'IAM:  non
consolidé
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux1) Aucune
2) Aucune
3) Non consolidé
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux-P r i n c i p e s  d e
réglementation
- Procédures d'octroi de
licences, de blocs denuméros et d'attributiondes fréquences
- Agrément- Interconnexion
                                             
1     L'entrée en vigueur des engagements repris dans cette liste est conditionnée par l'adoption et la promulgation de la nouvelle l oi sur les télécommunications actuellement en discussion au niveau du Parlement.
2     IAM:  Itissalat Al-Maghrib .58Modes de fourniture:     1)    Fourniture transfrontières     2)    Consommation à l'étranger    3)    Présence commerciale    4)    Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement na tional Engagements addit ionnels
b) Services de transmission de
données avec commutationpar paquets (TDCP)
o) Services de Frame relay1) Présence commerciale requise: seuls les opérateurs
disposant déjà d'une présence commercialepeuvent par ailleurs offrir des services selon lemode 1.
2) Aucune3) Soumis à une licence d'établissement et
d'exploitation si l'opérateur installe sa propreinfrastructure de transmission
Soumis à déclaration si les capacités de
transmission sont louées à d'autres opérateurs
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux1) Aucune
2) Aucune
3) Non consolidé
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux59Modes de fourniture:     1)    Fourniture transfrontières     2)    Consommation à l'étranger    3)    Présence commerciale    4)    Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement na tional Engagements addit ionnels
o) Services de téléphonie mobile
o) Services de radiomessagerieo) Les systèmes PCSo) Services mobiles de
transmission de données1) Présence commerciale requise: seuls les opérateurs
disposant déjà d'une présence commercialepeuvent par ailleurs offrir des services selon lemode 1.
2) Aucune3) Réservé à des opérateurs sélectionnés par appel
d'offres (soumission publique) dont le CPS estélaboré par l'ANRT
1
Sujette à une licence d'exploitation etd'établissement.
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux1) Aucune
2) Aucune
3) Non consolidé
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux
                                             
1     Agence nationale de réglementation des télécommunications:  autorité nouvellement créée et chargée de la réglementation du sect eur.60Modes de fourniture:     1)    Fourniture transfrontières     2)    Consommation à l'étranger    3)    Présence commerciale    4)    Présence de personnes physiques
Secteur ou sous-secteur Limitatio ns concernant l'accès au x marchés Limitations con cernant le traitement na tional Engagements addit ionnels
g) Service par circuits loués
privés1) Présence commerciale requise: seuls les opérateurs
disposant déjà d'une présence commercialepeuvent par ailleurs offrir des services selon lemode 1.
2) Utilisati on nécessaire des capacités disponibles des
réseaux publics de télécommunications existants
3) Aucune4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux1) Aucune
2) Aucune
3) Non consolidé
4) Non consolidé, sauf comme indiqué dans les
engagements horizontaux61Note explicative
La présente note apporte des précisions sur les aspects de la liste d'engagements du Royaume du Maroc
en relation avec l'organe de réglementation, l'interconnexion, le régime de licences, l'agrément et les mesures desauvegarde contre les pratiques anticoncurrentielles.
Réglementation
Une autorité de réglementation sera  créée avant la fin de l'année 1996.  Ce tte autorité se ra indépendante
des opérateurs de réseaux et des fournisseurs de services de télécommunication.
Elle serait princi palement chargée:
- d'établir les cahiers des charges fixant les droits et les obligations des opérateurs;- d'instruire les demandes de licences d'établisseme nts et d'exploitation suite à l'adjudication par
appel d'offres des opérateurs;
- d'assurer la gestion des ressources rares (gestion du spectre, blocs de numéros, points
hauts, ...);
- d'élaborer les normes techniques en concertation avec les différents intervenants dans le secteur
des télécommunications (indus triels, opérateurs,  prestataires de services, ...);
- de contrôler les tarifs des services sous monopole;- d'instruire les procé dures d'arbitrage des c onflits entre opérateurs;
- de garantir le droit à l'interconnexion pour tous les opérateurs de réseaux de
télécommunication.
Interconnexion
En principe, les opérateurs de réseaux négocient l'interconnexion sur une base commerciale dans le
respect des règles d'équité, de transparence et de non-discrimination.
En cas de litige, l'au torité de réglementa tion arbitre les conf lits entre opérateurs.
Elle veille notamment à ce que l'interconnexion se fasse  dans des conditions techniques transparentes et à
des tarifs orientés vers les coûts.
Les différents opérateurs détenteurs de licences d'ét ablissement et d'exploitation de réseaux publics de
télécommunication sont soumis à l'obligation de:
- participer financièrement aux charges "service public";
- contribuer à la recherche et développement et à la formation dans le domaine des
télécommunications.
Agrément
Les équipements terminaux de télécommunication doi vent être agréés avant leur exploitation. 
L'agrément est basé sur les spécifications techniques établies par l'Autorité de réglementation.62Transparence
Le Conseil national, qui regroupe les représentants des associations professionnelles, des utilisateurs et
des opérateurs, donne son avis sur:
- les principes généraux de la réglementation applicable aux télécommunications;- l'adjudication des appels d'offres pour la délivrance des licences d'opérateurs.L'accès aux renseignements et informations en relation avec des aspects et décisions réglementaires est
autorisé dans les limite s prévues par la loi.
Mesures de sauvegarde contre les pratiques anticoncurrentielles
Toutes les mesures seront prises pour éviter l'instauration de la position dominante de l'opérateur
principal, la concurrence déloyale et les pratiques de dumping